title: Randomized trial of cefepime monotherapy or cefepime in combination with amikacin as empirical therapy for febrile neutropenia.
abstract: A multicenter open randomized trial was conducted to compare cefepime monotherapy with cefepime/amikacin combination (dual) therapy in treating febrile neutropenic patients with hematologic disorders. Among the 189 evaluable patients, 5.8% had microbiologically and 10.6% had clinically documented infections. Excellent response was seen in 32.6% and 45.7% of monotherapy and dual therapy recipients, respectively, at day 3 (P=.065). At day 3, patients with neutrophil counts of <500/ mu L receiving dual therapy had a better response than did those receiving monotherapy (45% vs. 27.6%; P=.024). The same was true for patients with leukemia. Adverse events were minimal, and early death was observed in 7 patients in the dual therapy group and 5 patients in the monotherapy group. Overall, cefepime monotherapy is as effective as dual therapy for the initial treatment of febrile neutropenic patients. Further study is warranted for patients with severe neutropenia and leukemia who may benefit from dual therapy.
authors.affiliation: Fukuoka University Hospital, Fukuoka, 814-0180, Japan. ktamura@fukuoka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imajo
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urabe
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohyashiki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanimoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Masaoka
mesh_terms: D000583:Amikacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D000077723:Cefepime; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000150:complications; D006402:Hematologic Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007564:Japan; D007938:Leukemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009894:Opportunistic Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D000077723:Cefepime; D000583:Amikacin