title: B-type natriuretic peptide at presentation and prognosis in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: an ENTIRE-TIMI-23 substudy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to evaluate B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP), alone and in comparison to cardiac troponin I (cTnI) and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP), for risk assessment at initial presentation with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Elevated levels of BNP drawn two to four days after acute myocardial infarction are associated with higher mortality. Sparse data are available on its use at first presentation with STEMI.
  
  
  METHODS
  We obtained samples from 438 patients presenting within 6 h of STEMI enrolled in the Enoxaparin Tenecteplase-Tissue-Type Plasminogen Activator With or Without Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa Inhibitor as Reperfusion Strategy in ST-Segment Elevation Myocardial Infarction (ENTIRE)-Thrombolysis In Myocardial Infarction (TIMI)-23 trial. Outcomes were assessed through 30 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median BNP was higher in patients who died (89 pg/ml, 25th to 75th percentile: 40 to 192), compared with survivors (15 pg/ml, 25th to 75th percentile: 8.8 to 32, p < 0.0001). Patients with BNP >80 pg/ml were at significantly higher risk of death (17.4% vs. 1.8%, p < 0.0001). Cardiac troponin established a gradient of mortality between the highest and lowest quartile (7.9% vs. 0%, p = 0.007). C-reactive protein was not associated with outcome. After adjustment for cTnI, hs-CRP, and major clinical predictors, including age, heart failure, anterior myocardial infarction location, heart rate, and blood pressure, a BNP level >80 pg/ml was associated with a seven-fold higher mortality risk (odds ratio 7.2, 95% confidence interval 2.1 to 24.5, p = 0.001). Patients with BNP >80 pg/ml were also more likely to have impaired coronary flow (p = 0.049) and incomplete resolution of ST-segment elevation (p = 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased concentrations of BNP at initial presentation of patients with STEMI are associated with impaired reperfusion after fibrinolysis and higher short-term risk of mortality. These data support the value of combining markers of hemodynamic stress with traditional approaches to risk assessment in acute myocardial infarction.
authors.affiliation: TIMI Study Group, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Jessica L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Mega
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Morrow
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: De Lemos
authors.forename: Marc S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Sabatine
authors.forename: Sabina A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Nader
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rifai
authors.forename: C Michael
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Gibson
authors.forename: Elliott M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Antman
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Braunwald
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000097:blood*; D011379:Prognosis; D012372:ROC Curve; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012008:Recurrence; D015996:Survival Rate; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy; D019210:Troponin I / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019210:Troponin I; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D002097:C-Reactive Protein