title: Bupropion (Zyban, Wellbutrin) inhibits nicotine-induced viral reactivation in herpes simplex virus type 1 latent rabbits.
abstract: We reported that nicotine applied via a transdermal patch (21 mg/day) induced viral reactivation and ocular shedding in herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) latent rabbits. One possible mechanism of action involves the release of catecholamines and other similar agents, triggering HSV reactivation. Bupropion (Zyban, Wellbutrin), a non-nicotine aid to smoking cessation, inhibits neuronal uptake of norepinephrine, serotonin, and dopamine. To determine whether bupropion inhibits HSV reactivation, rabbits latent with HSV-1 were grouped (at least 10 rabbits/group) and treated as follows: nicotine patch (transdermal delivery) and bupropion [Zyban sustained-release tablets (150 mg) twice a day (oral)], nicotine patch only, Zyban tablets only [twice a day (oral)], nicotine patch with oral placebo [twice a day (oral)], or no drug treatment. Eyes were swabbed for 22 consecutive days. The appearance of HSV-1 in the tear film was significantly less frequent in the bupropion-treated rabbits, in terms of positive rabbits/total rabbits, positive eyes/total eyes, and positive swabs/total swabs. Nicotine-treated rabbits had 78/440 (17.7%) positive/total swabs, and nicotine/placebo-treated rabbits had 149/792 (18.8%) positive/total swabs, whereas bupropion-treated rabbits had 23/440 (5.2%), and nicotine/bupropion-treated rabbits had 47/792 (5.9%) positive/total swabs. Thus, bupropion significantly reduces nicotine-induced HSV reactivation in latent rabbits.
authors.affiliation: Louisiana State University Eye Center, 2020 Gravier Street, Suite B, New Orleans, LA 70112-2234, USA.
authors.forename: Marvin E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Myles
authors.forename: Ann M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Azcuy
authors.forename: Ngoc T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Eric R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Reisch
authors.forename: Steven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: Hilary W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hill
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016642:Bupropion / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005123:Eye / Q000187:drug effects / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009538:Nicotine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011817:Rabbits; D017735:Virus Latency / Q000187:drug effects*; D017201:Virus Shedding / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; D016642:Bupropion; D009538:Nicotine