New data on biological effects of chlorhexidine: Fe2+ induced lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial permeability transition.
Chlorhexidine (CHX) is a bis-bis-guanide with anphipatic and antiseptic properties and is largely used in dentistry, mainly for management of periodontal problems and in oral pre-operatory procedures. The present study concerns the effect of CHX on lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT), and the interaction of CHX with ferritin (HoSF). CHX (100 microM) increased iron release from HoSF by approximately 13-fold when compared to control values. CHX also increased iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. MPT induced by CHX was protected by ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl-ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), dithiothreitol (DTT), and cyclosporin A (CsA), showing a Ca2+-dependent effect, in which oxidation of thiol groups is involved, as well as the involvement of the transmembrane proteinaceous pore. BHT, catalase or o-phenanthroline did not protect MPT induced by CHX. This suggests that a ROS-independent mechanism is involved in the induction of MPT.
Negrelo Newton
Ana Paula
AP
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, C.P. 19046, CEP 81531-990, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
Cadena
Silvia Maria S C
SM
Merlin Rocha
Maria Eliane
ME
Skäre Carnieri
Eva Gunilla
EG
Martinelli de Oliveira
Maria Benigna
MB
D000818:Animals; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000633:toxicity*; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000633:toxicity*; D005293:Ferritins / Q000378:metabolism; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008933:Mitochondrial Swelling / Q000187:drug effects; D010539:Permeability; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D005293:Ferritins; D007501:Iron; D002710:Chlorhexidine; D002118:Calcium