title: Denture stomatitis: a role for Candida biofilms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the contribution of Candida biofilms to the etiology of denture stomatitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples of denture acrylic were retrieved from patients with denture stomatitis and subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) analysis. Oral swab and swish samples were taken from the same group of patients and representative C albicans isolates recovered were used to investigate the kinetics of biofilm development in vitro.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Candida biofilms could be visualized by SEM directly from denture samples from patients with denture stomatitis. These biofilms showed a propensity to adhere along cracks and imperfections of the denture acrylic. C albicans clinical isolates were able to form biofilms in vitro, although differences in the extent of biofilm formation were observed for different isolates recovered from the same patient. Susceptibility testing indicated that the resulting biofilms showed increased resistance to antifungal treatment. Presence of serum and saliva conditioning films increased the initial adherence of selected isolates but had little effect in overall biofilm formation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Candida biofilms play a role in denture stomatitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
authors.forename: Gordon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ramage
authors.forename: Kelley
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomsett
authors.forename: Brian L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Wickes
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: López-Ribot
authors.forename: Spencer W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Redding
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D003827:Denture, Complete, Upper / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000382:microbiology*; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D013282:Stomatitis, Denture / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000666:Amphotericin B; D015725:Fluconazole