title: Detailed kinetic studies of an aggregating inhibitor; inhibition of phosphomannomutase/phosphoglucomutase by disperse blue 56.
abstract: Phosphomannomutase/phosphoglucomutase occupies a central position in the pathways by which several virulence factors are synthesized in Pseudomonas aeruginosa. Virtual screening was used to identify potential inhibitors of phosphomannomutase/ phosphoglucomutase, and one compound, the anthraquinone-based dye Disperse Blue 56, showed potent inhibition in vitro. The kinetics of inhibition was complex; the time courses for reactions in the presence of the inhibitor were biphasic, suggestive of slow-binding inhibition. Quantitative analysis of the progress curves and preincubation experiments demonstrated that slow-binding inhibition was not occurring, however. Initial velocity kinetic studies indicated that Disperse Blue 56 was a parabolic, noncompetitve inhibitor. Progress curves for reactions in the presence of Disperse Blue 56 could be fitted very well by a model in which 2 equiv of the inhibitor bound to free enzyme or the enzyme-substrate complex. The inhibition was largely relieved by the inclusion of 0.01% Triton X-100 in the assay solutions, which has been suggested to be the hallmark for inhibition by compounds that exert their effect through aggregates [McGovern, S. L., Caselli, E., Grigorieff, N., and Shiochet, B. K. (2002) J. Med. Chem. 45, 1712-1722]. Our kinetic data appear to be consistent with either inhibition by a dimer of Disperse Blue 56 or inhibition by a Disperse Blue 56 aggregate, but the latter appears much more likely. We present a detailed analysis of the system to provide further information that may help in the recognition of inhibition through aggregation.
authors.affiliation: Dalton Cardiovascular Research Center, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA.
authors.forename: Hao-Yang
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ziaohui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Regni
authors.forename: Xiaoqin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Tipton
mesh_terms: D000880:Anthraquinones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001665:Binding Sites; D019298:Glucose-6-Phosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008958:Models, Molecular; D010733:Phosphoglucomutase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D017875:Phosphotransferases (Phosphomutases) / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary
chemical_list: D000880:Anthraquinones; D019298:Glucose-6-Phosphate; C016473:glucose-1,6-bisphosphate; D017875:Phosphotransferases (Phosphomutases); D010733:Phosphoglucomutase; C052799:phosphomannomutase; C488757:2-chloro-1,5-diamino-4,8-dihydroxyanthraquinone