title: Snoring and its association with asthma in Indigenous children living in the Torres Strait and Northern Peninsula Area.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Respiratory health of Indigenous and minority ethnic groups in affluent countries is poorer than their non-minority counterparts and sleep disorders are no exception. In children, obstructive sleep apnoea has the potential to result in serious long-term consequences. In 1999, we studied 1650 children and adolescents living in the Torres Strait and the Northern Peninsula Area, Australia. Here we report prevalence of snoring in these communities and relate its association with asthma symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  A population-based cross-sectional study was conducted in the Torres Strait region. Five indigenous communities were randomly selected and information was collected using a structured face-to-face interview based on a standardized questionnaire. There was a 98% response rate, and 1650 children, 0-17 years of age, were included in the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, the prevalence of snoring was 14.2% (95% CI 12.5-15.9); 3.6% (95% CI 2.7-4.6) reported snorting, and 6% (95% CI 4.9-7.2) reported restless sleep. The prevalence of snoring was significantly higher among males (17.1% for males and 10.8 for females, P = 0.005). Children were five times more likely to have experienced snoring and snorting if they reported wheezing in the last 12 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the prevalence of symptoms suggestive of obstructive sleep problems is relatively high in children of this region. This highlights the need for awareness among the community patients and physicians about the problem of obstructive sleep-disordered breathing, especially in children with asthma, and for the need for further studies to measure prevalence of sleep breathing disorders among Indigenous Australians.
authors.affiliation: Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Population and Clinical Sciences Division, The Australian Centre for International and Tropical Health and Nutrition, University of Queensland. patriciV@qimr.edu.au
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Valery
authors.forename: I B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Masters
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011203:Poverty; D011204:Poverty Areas; D015995:Prevalence; D012913:Snoring / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires