title: A molecularly imprinted polymer-based synthetic transaminase.
abstract: The design, synthesis, and evaluation of a molecularly imprinted polymer transaminase mimic is described. Methacrylic acid-ethylene glycol dimethacrylate copolymers were synthesized using, as a template, a transition state analogue (TSA) for the reaction of phenylpyruvic acid and pyridoxamine to yield phenylalanine and pyridoxal. Polymer suitability was established on the basis of (1)H NMR studies of template-functional monomer interactions. Polymer recognition characteristics were examined in a series of HPLC studies using the polymers as chromatographic stationary phases. Selectivity for the TSA, relative to substrates and products, was observed in both aqueous and nonpolar media. In the latter case (chloroform/AcOH, 96:4), an enantioseparation factor (alpha) of 2.1 was obtained, and frontal chromatographic studies revealed the presence of 11.9 +/- 0.2 micromol g(-1) (dry weight) of enantioselective sites. Polymers imprinted with the l-form of the oxazine-based TSA induced a 15-fold enhancement of the apparent reaction rate (app. V(max) 2.5 x 10(-7) mol s(-1); app. K(m) 8.2 x 10(-3) M) and enantioselective production of phenylalanine (32 +/- 4% ee) for reactions conducted in an aqueous buffer system. Substrate selectivity was evident, and a turnover number (k(cat)) of 0.1 s(-)(1) was determined. This is the first example of the catalysis of sigmatropic shifts in aqueous media by molecularly imprinted polymers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biomedical Sciences, University of Kalmar, SE-391 82 Kalmar, Sweden.
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Svenson
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Ian A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Nicholls
mesh_terms: D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002384:Catalysis; D007700:Kinetics; D008024:Ligands; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D010667:Phenylpyruvic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D011730:Pyridoxal / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D011733:Pyridoxamine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000637:Transaminases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D008689:Methacrylates; D010667:Phenylpyruvic Acids; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C008384:methacrylic acid; D011730:Pyridoxal; D010649:Phenylalanine; D011733:Pyridoxamine; C004919:ethylene dimethacrylate; D000637:Transaminases; C031606:phenylpyruvic acid