title: Differential regulation by Ca(2+) of calmodulin- and PKC-dependent contractile pathways in cat lower oesophageal sphincter.
abstract: 1. In the present investigation we examined the regulation of calmodulin (CaM)- and protein kinase C (PKC)-dependent pathways by cytosolic Ca(2+) in the contraction of cat lower oesophageal sphincter (LES). 2. Force developed in response to increasing doses of acetylcholine (ACh) was directly related to the increase of the [Ca(2+)](i) measured by fura-2. Thapsigargin, which depletes Ca(2+) stores, reduced the contraction and the [Ca(2+)](i). In addition, contraction in response to maximal ACh was reduced by the CaM inhibitor CGS9343B but not by the PKC inhibitor chelerythrine. The contraction in response to submaximal ACh was reduced by chelerythrine but not by CGS9343B. 3. In permeabilized cells, the contraction in response to low Ca(2+) (0.54 microm) was also reduced by CGS9343B. 4. The response to high Ca(2+) (1.0 microm) was reduced by CGS9343B. ACh also inhibited PKC activation induced by diacylglycerol, which activation is inhibited by the N-myristoylated peptide inhibitor derived from pseudosubstrate sequences of PKCalphabetagamma (myr-PKC-alphabetagamma), but not of myr-PKC-alpha. 5. These data are consistent with the view that activated CaM-dependent pathways inhibit PKC-dependent pathways, this switch mechanism might be regulated by Ca(2+) in the LES.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Chung Ang University, Seoul 156-756, Korea.
authors.forename: U D
authors.initials: UD
authors.lastname: Sohn
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: T S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Je
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Dartt
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zoukhri
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: K Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D019307:1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000470:Alkaloids; D000818:Animals; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D053119:Benzophenanthridines; D002118:Calcium / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D002415:Cats; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004075:Diglycerides / Q000494:pharmacology; D004943:Esophagogastric Junction / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D010617:Phenanthridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D019284:Thapsigargin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D053119:Benzophenanthridines; D002147:Calmodulin; D004075:Diglycerides; D010617:Phenanthridines; C052087:CGS 9343B; D019284:Thapsigargin; D019307:1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; C016299:chelerythrine; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D000109:Acetylcholine; D002118:Calcium