title: Functional expression of rat ABCG2 on the luminal side of brain capillaries and its enhancement by astrocyte-derived soluble factor(s).
abstract: The purpose of the present study was to clarify the expression, transport properties and regulation of ATP-binding cassette G2 (ABCG2) transporter at the rat blood-brain barrier (BBB). The rat homologue of ABCG2 (rABCG2) was cloned from rat brain capillary fraction. In rABCG2-transfected HEK293 cells, rABCG2 was detected as a glycoprotein complex bridged by disulfide bonds, possibly a homodimer. The protein transported mitoxantrone and BODIPY-prazosin. In rat brain capillary fraction, rABCG2 protein was also detected as a glycosylated and disulfide-linked complex. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that rABCG2 was localized mainly on the luminal side of rat brain capillaries, suggesting that rABCG2 is involved in brain-to-blood efflux transport. For the regulation study, conditionally immortalized rat brain capillary endothelial (TR-BBB13), astrocyte (TR-AST4) and pericyte (TR-PCT1) cell lines were used as an in vitro BBB model. Following treatment of TR-BBB13 cells with conditioned medium of TR-AST4 cells, the Ko143 (an ABCG2-specific inhibitor)-sensitive transport activity and rABCG2 mRNA level were significantly increased, whereas conditioned medium of TR-PCT1 cells had no effect. These results suggest that rat brain capillaries express functional rABCG2 protein and that the transport activity of the protein is up-regulated by astrocyte-derived soluble factor(s) concomitantly with the induction of rABCG2 mRNA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biopharmacy and Genetics, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: Sumio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohtsuki
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tachikawa
authors.forename: Norihisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Tetsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Emi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Terasaki
mesh_terms: D000070997:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism; D002196:Capillaries / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D016764:Cell Polarity; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008942:Mitoxantrone / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020286:Pericytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D011224:Prazosin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D000070997:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; C489249:Abcg2 protein, rat; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D008942:Mitoxantrone; D011224:Prazosin