Prevention of bronchoconstriction in sensitized guinea pigs: efficacy of common prophylactic drugs.
Efficacy of beta2-agonists (B2), anticholinergics, corticosteroids, anti-inflammatory drugs or antihistamines against methacholine, histamine, or allergen-induced lung constriction was tested in ovalbumin sensitized guinea pigs. Airway resistance (Raw) and parenchymal damping (G) and elastance (H) were determined from low-frequency forced oscillatory input impedance (ZL). ZL was measured under control conditions, during iv infusions of methacholine, and following iv boluses of histamine or ovalbumin. In decreasing potency, ipratropium, salmeterol, fluticasone or cromoglycate reduced the methacholine-induced increases in Raw and G. Only antihistamines had any effects on the histamine-induced increased in Raw, G, and H. The ovalbumin-induced increases in Raw, G and H in the control animals (120 +/- 90%, 201 +/- 126%, 86 +/- 71%) were markedly reduced by pretreatments with antihistamines (18 +/- 11%, 13 +/- 9%, 3+/- 3%) and cromoglycate (29 +/- 13%, 35 +/- 22%, 18 +/- 10%). Bronchoconstriction induced by muscarinic receptor stimulation is inhibited by anticholinergic, anti-inflammatory or beta2-agonist pretreatment; antihistaminic or anti-inflammatory premedication is beneficial if the release of histamine via an exposure to allergen is responsible for the fall in lung function.
Schütz
Nathalie
N
Division of Anesthesiological Investigations, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
Peták
Ferenc
F
Barazzone-Argiroffo
Constance
C
Sly
Peter D
PD
Habre
Walid
W
D000322:Adrenergic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D058666:Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; D000420:Albuterol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000485:Allergens / Q000494:pharmacology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000730:Androstadienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016535:Bronchial Hyperreactivity / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016084:Bronchoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects*; D016085:Bronchoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D004205:Cromolyn Sodium / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D000068298:Fluticasone; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006632:Histamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009241:Ipratropium / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D016210:Methacholine Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D010047:Ovalbumin; D000068299:Salmeterol Xinafoate
D000322:Adrenergic Agonists; D058666:Adrenergic beta-2 Receptor Agonists; D000485:Allergens; D000730:Androstadienes; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D016085:Bronchoconstrictor Agents; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D000068299:Salmeterol Xinafoate; D006632:Histamine; D010047:Ovalbumin; D000068298:Fluticasone; D009241:Ipratropium; D004205:Cromolyn Sodium; D000420:Albuterol