title: Absence of antibodies to glutamate receptor type 3 (GluR3) in Rasmussen encephalitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of serum antibodies to the ionotropic glutamate receptor 3 (GluR3) in patients with Rasmussen encephalitis (RE), a severe epileptic disorder, and to compare with serum from control subjects and patients with intractable epilepsy (IE).
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors looked for serum immunoglobulin (Ig) G antibodies to GluR3 in 30 patients with RE, including two patients who had plasma exchange and 12 who had been treated with IV Igs with varying results, and 49 patients with IE and 23 healthy individuals, using ELISA with GluR3B peptide, Western blot analysis of recombinant full-length GluR3, immunoprecipitation of [35S]- and [125I]-labeled GluR3 extracellular domains, immunohistochemistry on rat brain sections, and electrophysiology of GluR3 expressed in Xenopus oocytes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Low levels of antibodies to the GluR3B peptide were detected using ELISA in only 4 of the 79 patients with epilepsy (2 with RE and 2 with IE); binding to GluR3B in other sera was shown to be nonspecific. One other patient with IE had antibodies to recombinant GluR3 on Western blot analysis. However, none of the sera tested precipitated either the [35S]- or the [125I]-labeled GluR3 domains; none bound to rat brain sections in a manner similar to rabbit antibodies to GluR3; and none of the nine sera tested affected the electrophysiologic function of GluR3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GluR3 antibodies were only infrequently found in Rasmussen encephalitis or intractable epilepsy.
authors.affiliation: Neurosciences Group, Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, John Radcliffe Hospital, UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bermudez
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Houlihan
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Clover
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McKnight
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Cross
authors.forename: I K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roubertie
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Valmier
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Palace
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Beeson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin / Q000097:blood; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000276:immunology; D001921:Brain / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D000939:Epitopes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside / Q000276:immunology; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008875:Middle Aged; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D018091:Receptors, AMPA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic / Q000276:immunology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D015222:Sodium Channels / Q000276:immunology; D064569:alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor
chemical_list: D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin; D001323:Autoantibodies; D001324:Autoantigens; C579167:Chrna7 protein, human; C579165:Chrna7 protein, rat; D000939:Epitopes; D018091:Receptors, AMPA; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015222:Sodium Channels; D064569:alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; C104723:glutamate receptor ionotropic, AMPA 3; D005677:G(M1) Ganglioside; D005968:Glutamate Decarboxylase