title: Microleakage of cervical cavities restored with flowable composites.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the microleakage of cervical cavities restored with flowable composites in conjunction with an all-in-one adhesive system (AQ Bond) and an experimental two-step self-etching primer system (ABF) after thermocycling or flexural load cycling.
  
  
  METHODS
  180 wedge-shaped cervical cavities on the labial surfaces of bovine incisors were treated with AQ Bond or ABF according to the manufacturers' instructions. The treated cavities were filled with one of three flowable composites (AElite Flo, Metafil Flo or Protect Liner F). Ten of 30 specimens for each group were immersed in 0.5% basic fuchsin solution immediately after finishing of the restorations. Specimens to be subjected to thermocycling (5-60 degrees C, 15 seconds dwell time, 5000 cycles) or to flexural load cycling (approximately 0.5 mm labio-lingual displacement at the incisal edge, 10,000 cycles, 1 Hz) prior to immersion in the dye were also prepared. After 24-hour storage in the dye solution, the teeth were sectioned longitudinally through the center of the restorations, and the degrees of dye penetration scored. The microleakage scores of a hybrid composite (Clearfil AP-X) obtained from our previous study were used for comparison. The data were analyzed with the Kruskal-Wallis test and the Mann-Whitney U-test (P < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences in the microleakage patterns and scores were found among the flowable composites. On the other hand, significant differences in the microleakage patterns and scores were observed between the flowable and the hybrid composites. Thermocycling caused deterioration of marginal integrity, and the flowable composites showed more microleakage than the hybrid composite. In contrast, flexural load cycling did not cause deterioration of the marginal integrity when the cavities were filled with the flowable composites. Statistical analysis also revealed that the adhesive systems played a large role in the microleakage patterns.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cariology, Nagasaki University Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, 1-7-1, Sakamoto, Nagasaki 852-8588, Japan. kubo@net.nagasaki-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shisei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yokota
authors.forename: Haruka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yokota
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017609:Barium Compounds; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D002417:Cattle; D003188:Composite Resins; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000209:etiology*; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates; D019279:Resin Cements; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D019237:Tooth Cervix
chemical_list: C481356:ABF system; C453842:AQ bond; C121035:Aeliteflo; D017609:Barium Compounds; C112828:Clearfil AP-X; D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C488280:Metafil Flo; D008689:Methacrylates; C409388:Protect Liner F; D019279:Resin Cements; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D012822:Silicon Dioxide