Synaptic plasticity and translation initiation.
It is widely accepted that protein synthesis, including local protein synthesis at synapses, is required for several forms of synaptic plasticity. Local protein synthesis enables synapses to control synaptic strength independent of the cell body via rapid protein production from pre-existing mRNA. Therefore, regulation of translation initiation is likely to be intimately involved in modulating synaptic strength. Our understanding of the translation-initiation process has expanded greatly in recent years. In this review, we discuss various aspects of translation initiation, as well as signaling pathways that might be involved in coupling neurotransmitter and neurotrophin receptors to the translation machinery during various forms of synaptic plasticity.
Klann
Eric
E
Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. eklann@bcm.tmc.edu
Antion
Marcia D
MD
Banko
Jessica L
JL
Hou
Lingfei
L
D000818:Animals; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051860:Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein 1; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D010448:Peptide Initiation Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D038641:RNA 5' Terminal Oligopyrimidine Sequence / Q000502:physiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019893:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D013569:Synapses / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D039221:mRNA Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factors
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051860:Fragile X Messenger Ribonucleoprotein 1; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D010448:Peptide Initiation Factors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D019893:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases; D014157:Transcription Factors; C111931:ELF4 protein, human; C491779:Elf4 protein, mouse; C497683:FMR1 protein, human; C497684:Fmr1 protein, mouse; C101003:ELF2 protein, human; C490387:Cpeb1 protein, mouse; D039221:mRNA Cleavage and Polyadenylation Factors