Ghrelin and measures of satiety are altered in polycystic ovary syndrome but not differentially affected by diet composition.
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine condition in women of reproductive age associated with obesity. It may involve dysregulation of ghrelin, a hormone implicated in appetite regulation. The effect of diet composition on ghrelin is unclear. Overweight women with and without PCOS were randomized to a high-protein (40% carbohydrate, 30% protein; 10 PCOS, six non-PCOS) or standard protein diet (55% carbohydrate, 15% protein; 10 PCOS, six non-PCOS) for 12 wk of energy restriction and 4 wk of weight maintenance. Diet composition had no effect on fasting or postprandial ghrelin or measures of satiety. Non-PCOS subjects had a 70% higher fasting baseline ghrelin (P = 0.011), greater increase in fasting ghrelin (57.5 vs. 34.0%, P = 0.033), and greater maximal decrease in postprandial ghrelin after weight loss (-144.1 +/- 58.4 vs. -28.9 +/- 14.2 pg/ml, P = 0.02) than subjects with PCOS. Subjects with PCOS were less satiated (P = 0.001) and more hungry (P = 0.007) after a test meal at wk 0 and 16 than subjects without PCOS. Appetite regulation, as measured by subjective short-term hunger and satiety and ghrelin homeostasis, may be impaired in PCOS.
Moran
L J
LJ
Reproductive Medicine Unit, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, South Australia 5000, Australia. lisa.moran@csiro.au
Noakes
M
M
Clifton
P M
PM
Wittert
G A
GA
Tomlinson
L
L
Galletly
C
C
Luscombe
N D
ND
Norman
R J
RJ
D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001823:Body Composition; D001835:Body Weight; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D004032:Diet; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D054439:Ghrelin; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010349:Patient Compliance; D036361:Peptide Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D019518:Postprandial Period; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012528:Satiety Response
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D054439:Ghrelin; D007328:Insulin; D036361:Peptide Hormones