title: Expression of fungal pectin methylesterase in transgenic tobacco leads to alteration in cell wall metabolism and a dwarf phenotype.
abstract: A transgenic tobacco plant (Nicotiana tabacum L.) expressing a fungal pectin methylesterase (PME; EC 3.1.1.11) gene derived from a black filamentous fungus, Aspergillus niger was created. Fungal PME should have a wider range of adaptability to substrate pectin compared with plant PME. As expected, the proportion of methyl esters in pectin was reduced in the transgenic tobacco. Consequently, the transgenic plant showed short internodes, small leaves and a dwarf phenotype. At a cellular level, the longitudinal lengths of stem epidermal cells were shorter than those of control plants. This is the first report that fungal PME promotes dwarfism in plants. It is worth noting that in the PME-expressing dwarf plant, the expression levels of cell wall metabolism related genes that included endo-1,4-beta-glucanase, cellulose synthase, endo-xyloglucan transferase and expansin gene were decreased. These results suggest that the expression of fungal PME in plants affects the cell wall metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1 Yamadaoka, Suita 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomohisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hasunuma
authors.forename: Ei-ichiro
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fukusaki
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
mesh_terms: D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000502:physiology; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000502:physiology; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D009005:Monosaccharides; D010368:Pectins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010641:Phenotype; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000502:physiology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D009005:Monosaccharides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D010368:Pectins; D002265:Carboxylic Ester Hydrolases; C022323:pectinesterase