title: Three-dimensional distribution of acetabular cartilage thickness in patients with hip dysplasia: a fully automated computational analysis of MR imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate three-dimensional (3D) distribution of acetabular articular cartilage thickness in patients with hip dysplasia using in vivo magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, and to compare cartilage thickness distribution between normal and dysplastic hips.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five dysplastic hips without joint space narrowing on radiographs and 13 normal hips underwent MR imaging with fat-suppressed 3D fast spoiled gradient echo (SPGR) sequence. Acetabular cartilage thickness was measured with a fully automated segmentation technique, and cartilage thickness distribution was compared between the dysplastic and normal hips on the celestial spherical coordinate system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Average cartilage thickness was significantly greater for the dysplastic hips than the normal hips (1.77 mm vs 1.34 mm). There was a general trend of gradient increase of cartilage thickness at the superolateral area in normal and dysplastic hips. The gradient increase of cartilage thickness was significantly greater in the dysplastic hips than the normal hips.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dysplastic hips have general thick cartilage distribution as well as more prominent gradient increase of thickness at the superolateral portion. The knowledge of fundamental morphological feature of dysplastic hips at a preradiologic stage may aid early detection of cartilage thinning in association with osteoarthritic progression, accurate computational biomechanical analysis in the hip joint, and planning periacetabular osteotomy with satisfactory cartilaginous congruency.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Osaka University Medical School E3, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. nishii@ort.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishii
authors.forename: Nobuhiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sugano
authors.forename: Yoshinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Hidenobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
mesh_terms: D000077:Acetabulum / Q000473:pathology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006618:Hip Dislocation, Congenital / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results