title: Reduction of leg pain and lower-extremity weakness for 1 year with Oxiplex/SP gel following laminectomy, laminotomy, and discectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although good surgical technique is effective in reducing postoperative epidural fibrosis, compression or tethering of the nerve root may cause recurrent radicular pain and physical impairment. The implantation of a bioresorbable gel on the dura may further decrease the amount of scar formation after surgery and thus improve the patient's ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL). This study is a 12-month evaluation of the safety and effectiveness of Oxiplex/SP Gel (FzioMed, Inc., San Luis Obispo, CA) in the reduction of pain and radiculopathy after lumbar discectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A pilot randomized single-blind multicenter clinical trial was conducted to evaluate the performance of Oxiplex/SP Gel in patients who underwent surgery for unilateral herniation of the lumbar disc at L4-5 or L5-S1. Eighteen patients with severe leg pain and lower-extremity weakness (11 women and seven men) were randomly assigned intraoperatively to receive the gel at the conclusion of surgery (treatment group) or to undergo surgery alone (control group). Self-assessment questionnaires (Lumbar Spine Outcomes Questionnaire) to assess pain, symptoms, and ADL were completed preoperatively and at scheduled postoperative intervals (30 days, 90 days, 6 months, and 12 months). The authors examined the spine and lower extremities of patients scheduled for discectomy to assess neurological function and pain. Treated patients received sufficient Oxiplex/SP Gel (1-3 ml) to coat the nerve root and fill the epidural space. Postoperative clinical evaluations were performed at 30 and 90 days. Patients completed the self-assessment questionnaires at baseline and were contacted by telephone or mail for the completion of the postoperative self-assessment questionnaires. Surgical procedures were well tolerated; no device-related adverse events and no clinically significant laboratory results were reported. The 11 patients with severe leg pain and lower-extremity weakness who were treated with Oxiplex/SP Gel had a reduction in those symptoms at 30 days, 90 days, 6 months, and 12 months after discectomy, compared with the seven control patients who underwent surgery only.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oxiplex/SP Gel was easy to use and safe in patients who underwent unilateral discectomy. A greater benefit in clinical outcome measures was seen over the 12-month follow-up period in gel-treated patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, University of California, Los Angeles, School of Medicine, USA.
authors.forename: Kee D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jeffrey C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Daniel P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: Darrel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Brodke
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: BenDebba
authors.forename: Kathleen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Block
authors.forename: Gere S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: diZerega
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D002482:Cellulose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D017586:Diskectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004388:Dura Mater / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D004824:Epidural Space; D005355:Fibrosis; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000601:surgery; D007796:Laminectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000601:surgery; D018908:Muscle Weakness / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011128:Polyradiculopathy / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011184:Postoperative Period; D012585:Sciatica / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013126:Spinal Nerve Roots / Q000187:drug effects; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005782:Gels; C406630:Oxiplex; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D002482:Cellulose