title: A comparison of pressure ulcer prevalence: concerted data collection in the Netherlands and Germany.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Because of a lack of epidemiological data of pressure ulcer (PU) among care dependent patients yearly prevalence measurements are held in the Netherlands and in Germany with identical methods. A comparison shows remarkable differences in the PU prevalence so that further analysis is needed to enlighten the reasons.
  
  
  METHODS
  With a standardized questionnaire all patients were examined by trained nurses of the participating facilities.
  
  
  METHODS
  In-patients in 42 Dutch and 10 German acute care Hospitals.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients who handed in their informed consent were included. In the Netherlands n = 8734, and in Germany n = 2832.
  
  
  METHODS
  For calculating the PU prevalence the sample was divided inpatients at risk and not at risk for PU in accordance to the Bradenscale. Comparisons between the Netherlands and Germany refer to population details, quota of patients at risk for PU and PU prevalence. Finally the impact of eight controlled variables on the PU occurrence was calculated in a logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both samples showed the same sex distribution, the same mean age and the same distribution among the medical specialties. The share of patients at risk for PU is higher in the Netherlands (55%) than in Germany (38%). The frequency of PU is higher in the Dutch population (22%) than in the German one (12%). Regarding only the risk-patients the differences reduce. The prevalence in the Netherlands was 33%, in Germany it was 28%. The highest impact on PU occurrence had the age and the length of stay in hospital. The Country ranges on third position.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Dutch sample had a higher share of risk-patients and a higher PU frequency. A standardization appropriate to a risk assessment reduce the differences. For enlightening the remaining differences further research is needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing Science, Humboldt Universität Berlin, Campus Mitte, Schumannstrasse 20/21, 10117, Germany. antje.tannen@charite.de
authors.forename: Antje
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tannen
authors.forename: Theo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dassen
authors.forename: Gerrie
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bours
authors.forename: Ruud
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Halfens
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D003953:Diagnosis-Related Groups; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D003668:Pressure Ulcer / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015995:Prevalence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012308:Risk Management / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*