title: Serial induction of mutations by ethylnitrosourea in PC12 cells: a new model for a phenotypical characterization of the neurotoxic response to 6-hydroxydopamine.
abstract: Here we show that the serial generation of allelic mutations by treatment with the mutagen ethylnitrosourea (ENU) in PC12 cells provides a new model for the phenotypical dissection of biological properties. We tested this approach in the neurotoxic 6-OHDA model of Parkinson's disease in PC12 cells which has been widely used as an in vitro model for the investigation of the molecular pathogenesis of neuronal cell death and for novel treatment approaches. ENU treatment at doses of 0.2 and 0.3 mg/ml for 1 h resulted in 35 and 25% surviving PC12 cells, respectively, which showed mutation frequencies of approximately 10 mutations per genome. Clones derived from single ENU treated PC12 cells showed marked differences in their resistance against 6-OHDA. The phenotypical analysis of resistant and sensitive clones showed a differential transcriptional regulation of multiple genes. The applicability of this approach could be demonstrated by the identification of the rat TM9SF1 gene coding for a transmembrane protein of the nonaspanin superfamily as a regulated gene in PC12 clones resistant against 6-OHDA. Our data demonstrate the suitability of this model for the investigation of the molecular pathogenesis of neurodegeneration and for high-throughput analysis, e.g. for drug discovery.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neuropathology, Institute of Pathology, Munich Technical University, Ismaninger Street 22, D-81675 Münich, Germany. schlegel@neuropatho.de
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schlegel
authors.forename: Frauke
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Neff
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Piontek
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005038:Ethylnitrosourea / Q000633:toxicity*; D005060:Europe; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016296:Mutagenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000209:etiology; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000633:toxicity; D016627:Oxidopamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016716:PC12 Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009153:Mutagens; D009498:Neurotoxins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C108718:TM9SF1 protein, human; D016627:Oxidopamine; D005038:Ethylnitrosourea