Cyclic AMP-induced repair of zebrafish spinal circuits.
Neurons in the human central nervous system (CNS) are unable to regenerate, as a result of both an inhibitory environment and their inherent inability to regrow. In contrast, the CNS environment in fish is permissive for growth, yet some neurons still cannot regenerate. Fish thus offer an opportunity to study molecules that might surmount the intrinsic limitations they share with mammals, without the complication of an inhibitory environment. We show by in vivo imaging in zebrafish that post-injury application of cyclic adenosine monophosphate can transform severed CNS neurons into ones that regenerate and restore function, thus overcoming intrinsic limitations to regeneration in a vertebrate.
Bhatt
Dimple H
DH
Department of Neurobiology and Behavior, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA.
Otto
Stefanie J
SJ
Depoister
Brett
B
Fetcho
Joseph R
JR
D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D003994:Bucladesine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D018274:Electroporation; D004924:Escape Reaction; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007395:Interneurons / Q000502:physiology; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D009416:Nerve Regeneration; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D012038:Regeneration; D012235:Rhodamines; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000166:cytology*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015027:Zebrafish
C488172:8-hydroxy-cyclic AMP; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D012235:Rhodamines; D003994:Bucladesine; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D002118:Calcium