title: Utilization of eptifibatide for treatment of severe dissections as a bail-out procedure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has been shown in several large trials that the inhibition of glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa receptors of platelets can reduce the rate of ischemic complications following percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). We sought to determine the efficacy of eptifibatide in patients with severe dissections or threatened vessel closure after PTCA in small coronary arteries (< 2.5 mm).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eptifibatide was used in 51 patients after conventional balloon angioplasty complicated by severe dissections with or without threatened vessel occlusion. Eptifibatide was administered as a double-bolus of 180 microg/kg bodyweight, followed by a continuous infusion at a dosage of 2.0 microg/kg min over a time period of 20 h. In this situation, the implantation of a coronary stent was avoided if a prompt antegrade flow of contrast dye could be maintained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using the GP IIb/IIIa antagonist eptifibatide, it was possible to increase or to maintain antegrade blood flow in 28 (55%) patients. In 45% of the patient population, however, repeat PTCA was needed, and in four patients (7.8%) an intracoronary stent had to be implanted. During hospitalization three (6%) patients underwent target lesion revascularization (two Re-PTCAs, one coronary bypass graft operation). There were no myocardial infarctions and there was no intrahospital death. The cumulative event rate including acute and long term events was 25%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings of our study indicate that eptifibatide is able to prevent vessel occlusion after PTCA complicated by severe dissections with or without threatened vessel occlusion associated with a low-in-hospital complication rate.
authors.affiliation: I. Department of Medicine, University Hospital of Mannheim, Theodor-Kutzer-Ufer 1-3, D-68167 Mannheim, Germany.
authors.forename: Asvin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Latsch
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suselbeck
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Muth
authors.forename: Tudor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Poerner
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baumbach
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pfleger
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borggrefe
authors.forename: Karl K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Haase
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D000077542:Eptifibatide; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010455:Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011336:Probability; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D010455:Peptides; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D000077542:Eptifibatide