title: Magnetic resonance imaging of myocardial perfusion and viability using a blood pool contrast agent.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A comprehensive cardiac magnetic resonance (MR) examination should comprise imaging of myocardial perfusion, viability, and the coronary arteries. Blood pool contrast agents (BPCAs) improve coronary MR angiography, whereas their potential for imaging of perfusion and viability is unknown. The abilities to noninvasively image myocardial perfusion and viability using the BPCA P792 (Guerbet, France) were tested in a closed-chest model of nonreperfused myocardial infarction in 5 pigs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two to 3 days after instrumentation, myocardial perfusion imaging with a saturation-recovery steady-state free precession technique and viability imaging with an inversion-recovery fast low-angle shot sequence were conducted on a 1.5-T MR scanner using the extracellular contrast agents (ECCA) Gd-DOTA (0.1 mmol Gd/kg) and blood pool contrast agent (BPCA) P792 (0.013 mmol Gd/kg).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Perfusion defects were visualized in all pigs with good correlation between the ECCA and the BPCA (1.77 +/- 1.16 cm2 vs. 1.80 +/- 1.19 cm2, r = 0.959, P < 0.01). Reduced myocardial perfusion was detected using the ECCA up to 80 seconds after injection. In contrast, BPCA administration enabled visualization of perfusion defects on equilibrium perfusion imaging in all cases for 10 minutes. The size of myocardial infarction detected with viability MR imaging correlated well between the standard method (ECCA) and delayed-enhancement imaging with the BPCA (5.40 +/- 3.16 versus 5.52 +/- 3.13 cm3, r = 0.994, P < 0.002).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The BPCA investigated in this study allows both reliable detection of perfusion defects on first pass and equilibrium perfusion imaging and characterization of viability after myocardial infarction. Thus, this contrast agent is suitable for a comprehensive cardiac MR examination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Charité, Medical School of the Freie Universität and Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin, Germany. marc.dewey@charite.de
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dewey
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kaufels
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laule
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schnorr
authors.forename: Jean-Sébastien
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Raynaud
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hamm
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taupitz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D005682:Gadolinium; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D006571:Heterocyclic Compounds; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C050823:gadolinium 1,4,7,10-tetraazacyclododecane-N,N',N'',N'''-tetraacetate; D005682:Gadolinium; C435266:contrast agent P792