title: Polymorphism within the cyclin D1 gene is associated with an increased risk of carcinoma in situ in patients with superficial bladder cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prognostic value of CCND1 polymorphism in superficial and invasive transitional cell cancer of the bladder.
  
  
  METHODS
  CCND1 polymorphism of blood DNA from patients with transitional cell cancer of the bladder was evaluated using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No statistically significant difference was found in the recurrence-free survival of patients with superficial (pTa-T1) transitional cell cancer after transurethral resection among different genotype groups (AA versus GG, P = 0.746; GA versus GG, P = 0.979). In patients with superficial bladder cancer, the occurrence of primary carcinoma in situ was significantly greater in patients with the AA genotype compared with those with the GA or GG genotypes (P = 0.006, chi-square test). No statistically significant difference was found in disease-specific survival after radical cystectomy among the different genotype subgroups (AA versus GG, P = 0.245; GA versus GG, P = 0.649).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although CCND1 polymorphism is not able to serve as a prognostic marker for bladder cancer, the CCND1 variant A allele may recessively increase the risk of carcinoma in situ incidence in patients with superficial bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Habuchi
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Higashi
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
authors.forename: Lizhong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Norihiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamoto
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ogawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017398:Alternative Splicing; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000601:surgery; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000235:genetics*; D015653:Cystectomy; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D016233:Immunotherapy, Active; D015994:Incidence; D015993:Life Tables; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016685:Mitomycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011519:Proto-Oncogenes; D012306:Risk; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D001500:BCG Vaccine; D019938:Cyclin D1; D016685:Mitomycin