title: The comparison of the oxidative stress effects of different gases and intra-abdominal pressures in an experimental rat model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Laparoscopy is used for almost all types of abdominal surgery because of its advantages, which include shorter postoperative hospital stay. However, pneumoperitoneum used to facilitate the visual field has severe metabolic, hemodynamic, and inflammatory consequences depending on the pressure level and the gas used. Helium (He), an inert gas, has been recommended for establishment of pneumoperitoneum since it does not alter the blood pH and PCO(2). Yet the oxidative response after He insufflation remains unknown. This study was undertaken to compare the levels of free radical production and antioxidant status following He and CO(2) pneumoperitoneum at different intra-abdominal pressure values.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects were 40 Sprague-Dawley male rats randomized to the following groups: He 10 (n = 8) was subjected to He pneumoperitoneum at 10 mm Hg for 60 minutes; He 15 (n = 8) was subjected to He pneumoperitoneum at 15 mm Hg for 60 minutes; CO(2) 10 (n = 8) was subjected to CO(2) pneumoperitoneum at 10 mm Hg for 60 minutes; CO(2) 15 (n = 8) was subjected to CO(2) pneumoperitoneum at 15 mm Hg for 60 minutes; and Control (n = 8) was subjected to sham operation without pneumoperitoneum. At the end of the experiment blood samples were obtained and plasma malondialdehyde, carbonyl, and sulphydryl levels were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CO(2) pneumoperitoneum produced higher malondialdehyde and carbonyl responses and sulphydryl consumption compared to He, especially at 15 mm Hg (P = 0.01, P = 0.01, and P = 0.059, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Helium seems to limit the postoperative oxidative response following laparoscopy.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, General Surgery, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyon, Turkey. syilmaz@aku.edu.tr
authors.forename: Sezein
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Coscun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Polat
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kahraman
authors.forename: Tulay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koken
authors.forename: Yuksel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Arikan
authors.forename: Osman N
authors.initials: ON
authors.lastname: Dilek
authors.forename: Ozcan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gökçe
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D006371:Helium / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial; D011312:Pressure; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005609:Free Radicals; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D006371:Helium; D008315:Malondialdehyde