title: Oxidative and genotoxic damage after radio-iodine therapy of Graves' hyperthyroidism.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate genetic damage and oxidative stress following a single therapeutic dose of 131I in Graves' disease patients monitored up to 180 days after treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genetic damage induction was estimated as the increase in micronuclei in peripheral lymphocytes of patients. As indicators of radiogenic oxidative stress, vitamin E and lipoperoxide levels were assessed in the plasma of patients, as well as the release of plasmic clastogenic factors measured by the induction of micronuclei in vitro in peripheral lymphocytes of a healthy donor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vitamin E depletion lasted at least 3 days and the basal level was restored within 7 days. No statistically significant variations were observed in lipoperoxide plasma levels. A sharp increase of micronuclei in the peripheral lymphocytes of patients was correlated (p < 0.001) with the release of clastogenic factor in the plasma. The highest micronucleus value was negatively correlated (p < 0.03) with the lowest vitamin E level observed in each patient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Micronuclei induction was the direct consequence not only of the energy deposition of 131I on the genetic material, but also of oxidative stress, likely via the release of clastogenic factor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human and Environmental Sciences, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ballardin
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barsacchi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bodei
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Caraccio
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cristofani
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Martino
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferdeghini
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kusmic
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Madeddu
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Monzani
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sbrana
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spanu
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Traino
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barale
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005260:Female; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000528:radiation effects; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000528:radiation effects; D008297:Male; D048629:Micronuclei, Chromosome-Defective / Q000528:radiation effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D014810:Vitamin E