Immune responses and antibody decay after immunization of adolescents and adults with an acellular pertussis vaccine: the APERT Study.
As part of a prospective acellular pertussis (ACP) vaccine efficacy trial, 5 serum samples were obtained, over an 18-month period, from 101 ACP-vaccine recipients and 99 control subjects, to assess ACP antibody response and decay. Immunoglobulin (Ig) G and IgA antibodies to pertussis toxin (PT), filamentous hemagglutinin (FHA), pertactin (PRN), and fimbriae 2/3 (FIM) were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay, and titers of agglutinin were determined. Of the subjects, 16%-19% had preimmunization values of antibodies to PT that were above the assay's limit of quantitation (LOQ); in contrast, 36%-63% of the subjects had preimmunization values of antibodies to FHA, PRN, or FIM that were above the LOQ. Substantial increases in titers of IgG and IgA antibodies to the 3 ACP antigens (PT, FHA, and PRN) were observed. Over the 18-months, the percent decay in IgG and IgA antibodies ranged from 56% to 73% and from 57% to 70%, respectively; the IgG antibody response and decay suggests that geometric mean titers likely remain above the LOQ for 2-9 years and above the threshold of detection for 4-13 years. These findings support the use of ACP booster immunizations for adolescents and adults, to provide sustained levels of antibody.
Le
Thuan
T
UCLA Center for Vaccine Research, Research and Education Institute, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, UCLA School of Medicine, Torrance 90502, USA.
Cherry
James D
JD
Chang
Swei-Ju
SJ
Knoll
Maria Deloria
MD
Lee
Martin L
ML
Barenkamp
Steve
S
Bernstein
David
D
Edelman
Robert
R
Edwards
Kathryn M
KM
Greenberg
David
D
Keitel
Wendy
W
Treanor
John
J
Ward
Joel I
JI
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D001886:Bordetella pertussis / Q000276:immunology*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010567:Pertussis Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014611:Vaccination; D014917:Whooping Cough / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D010567:Pertussis Vaccine