Theoretical study of reaction pathways for the rhodium phosphine-catalysed borylation of C-H bonds with pinacolborane.
The reaction mechanism of the rhodium-phosphine catalysed borylation of methyl-substituted arenes using pinacolborane (HBpin) has been investigated theoretically using DFT calculations at the B3PW91 level. Factors affecting selectivity for benzylic vs. aromatic C-H bond activation have been examined. It was found that [Rh(PR3)2(H)] is the active species which oxidatively adds the C-H bond leading to an eta3-benzyl complex which is the key to determining the unusual benzylic regioselectivity observed experimentally for this catalyst system. Subsequent reaction with HBpin leads to a [Rh(PR3)2(eta3-benzyl)(H)(Bpin)] complex from which B-C reductive elimination provides product and regenerates the catalyst. The electrophilic nature of the boryl ligand assists in the reductive elimination process. In contrast to Ir(L)2(boryl)3-based catalysts, for which Ir(III)-Ir(V) cycles have been proposed, the Rh(I)-Rh(III) cycle is operating with the system addressed herein.
Lam
Wai Han
WH
Department of Chemistry and Open Laboratory of Chirotechnology of the Institute of Molecular Technology for Drug Discovery and Synthesis, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China.
Lam
King Chung
KC
Lin
Zhenyang
Z
Shimada
Shigeru
S
Perutz
Robin N
RN
Marder
Todd B
TB