title: Impact of pre-analytical handling on bone marrow mRNA gene expression.
abstract: Large clinical trials on leukaemia, require the transport of bone marrow (BM) from participating clinics to central diagnostic laboratories. We have investigated the impact of RNA extraction protocols and time delays between sample aspiration and RNA extraction on RNA quality and gene expression profiles. Intact RNA can be extracted from BM samples stored at room temperature for up to 48 h. Gene expression analyses using Affymetrix U95Av2 GeneChips and a custom-designed cDNA array in parallel showed that even short-term storage of BM has dramatic effects on mRNA expression of individual transcripts. Many probe sets/genes showed either reproducible deregulation (18.8%, analysis of variance <0.05), or inconsistent expression that differed from patient to patient (38.4%). Moderate alterations were observed in 42.8% genes, with a maximum fold change <2.0 in all experiments and at all time points. These profound effects complicate the use of unstabilized, shipped BM samples for gene expression analyses. The comparison of a variety of RNA stabilization reagents (e.g. PAXgene) resulted in partial conservation of the mRNA expression patterns. Immediate density centrifugation or erythrocyte lysis and freezing at -80 degrees C represent simple procedures that reliably preserved mRNA gene expression patterns in BM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Oncology, Haematology and Immunology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Breit
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nees
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schaefer
authors.forename: Margit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pfoersich
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hagemeier
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muckenthaler
authors.forename: Andreas E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Kulozik
mesh_terms: D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors; D014021:Tissue Preservation
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger