title: Trends in cochlear implants.
abstract: More than 60,000 people worldwide use cochlear implants as a means to restore functional hearing. Although individual performance variability is still high, an average implant user can talk on the phone in a quiet environment. Cochlear-implant research has also matured as a field, as evidenced by the exponential growth in both the patient population and scientific publication. The present report examines current issues related to audiologic, clinical, engineering, anatomic, and physiologic aspects of cochlear implants, focusing on their psychophysical, speech, music, and cognitive performance. This report also forecasts clinical and research trends related to presurgical evaluation, fitting protocols, signal processing, and postsurgical rehabilitation in cochlear implants. Finally, a future landscape in amplification is presented that requires a unique, yet complementary, contribution from hearing aids, middle ear implants, and cochlear implants to achieve a total solution to the entire spectrum of hearing loss treatment and management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, University of California, Irvine, 92697, USA. fzeng@uci.edu
authors.forename: Fan-Gang
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D003051:Cochlea / Q000294:innervation; D019929:Cochlear Implantation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends*; D003056:Cochlear Nerve / Q000502:physiology; D003463:Cues; D003638:Deafness / Q000601:surgery*; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation; D004738:Engineering / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D009146:Music; D010898:Pitch Perception; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011300:Preoperative Care; D017755:Prosthesis Fitting; D013067:Speech Perception; D013686:Telemetry / Q000295:instrumentation; D013997:Time Factors; D013998:Time Perception