title: Conjugated bile acid replacement therapy in short bowel syndrome patients with a residual colon.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the efficacy of cholylsarcosine (synthetic conjugated bile acid) and ox bile extracts (mixture of natural conjugated bile acids) on fat absorption, diarrhea, and nutritional state in four short bowel syndrome (SBS) patients with a residual colon not requiring parenteral alimentation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of cholylsarcosine (2 g/meal) on steatorrhea and diarrhea was examined in short-term balance studies with a constant fat intake in all four patients. The effect of continuous cholylsarcosine ingestion on nutritional state was assessed by changes in body weight in three patients. In two patients, the effects of cholylsarcosine were compared with those of ox bile extracts. Because of the low incidence rate of SBS this is not a controlled study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In balance studies, cholylsarcosine increased fat absorption from 65.5 to 94.5 g/day (a 44 % increment), an energy gain of 261 kcal/d. Fecal weight increased by 26 %. In two patients natural conjugated bile acids also reduced steatorrhea, but greatly increased diarrhea. As outpatients consuming an unrestricted diet and ingesting cholylsarcosine, three patients gained weight at an average rate of 0.9 kg/week without worsening of diarrheal symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cholylsarcosine is efficacious and safe for enhancing fat absorption and nutritional status in short bowel syndrome patients with residual colon. Natural conjugated bile acids improve steatorrhea to a smaller extent and greatly worsen diarrhea.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Konventhospital of Barmherzige Brüder, Linz, Austria. christine.kapral@bblinz.at
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kapral
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wewalka
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Praxmarer
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lenz
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Hofmann
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002417:Cattle; D002793:Cholic Acids / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000187:drug effects; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012521:Sarcosine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012778:Short Bowel Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*; D045602:Steatorrhea / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D002793:Cholic Acids; D004041:Dietary Fats; C061997:cholylsarcosine; D012521:Sarcosine