title: Morphotypic and genotypic characterization of sequential Candida parapsilosis isolates from an outbreak in a pediatric intensive care unit.
abstract: Candidemia outbreaks that due to cross-infection are an emerging problem in hospitals. Typing of microorganisms is an essential tool for understanding the epidemiologic aspects of the infection. Techniques based on phenotypic characteristics are inexpensive and easy to perform but are limited by their lack of reproducibility. This study assessed the value of several phenotypic and genotypic techniques that are used in epidemiologic investigations of Candida parapsilosis in clinical practice and used a combination of these methods to analyze outbreak of C. parapsilosis candidemia. Random amplification of polymorphic DNA polymerase chain reaction with several primers was unsatisfactory because it lacked discriminatory power. By simplifying the reading of the morphotypes, we increased their reproducibility for each malt agar and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium media (97% and 90%) and thus their suitability for its use. The combination of electrophoretic karyotype and the simplified morphotypes was rapid and practical to characterize the different clusters involved in the intensive care unit outbreak.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Service, Ramón y Cajal Hospital, Madrid, Spain. lgarcias.hrc@salud.madrid.org
authors.forename: Lucía
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: García San Miguel
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pla
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cobo
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: Aurora
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Sousa
authors.forename: Maria Elena
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Martos
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moreno
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002175:Candida / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000032:analysis; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D016469:Fungemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016533:Mycological Typing Techniques; D010641:Phenotype; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012016:Reference Values; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal