title: Eighteen sensations after breast cancer surgery: a two-year comparison of sentinel lymph node biopsy and axillary lymph node dissection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prevalence, severity, and level of distress of 18 sensations at baseline (3-15 days) and 24 months after breast cancer surgery and to compare sensations after sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) with those after SLNB plus immediate or delayed axillary lymph node dissection (ALND).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, descriptive.
  
  
  METHODS
  Evelyn H. Lauder Ambulatory Breast Center at Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center in New York, NY.
  
  
  METHODS
  294 women with breast cancer; 214 had undergone breast conserving therapy, and 80 had undergone total mastectomy; 197 had had SLNB, and 97 had had SLNB and ALND.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients completed the Breast Sensation Assessment Scale (BSAS) at baseline and 3, 6, 12, and 24 months after surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prevalence, severity, and level of distress of sensations in patients who had undergone breast cancer surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sensations were less prevalent, severe, and distressing in patients undergoing SLNB than those undergoing ALND. This difference appeared to be limited to those undergoing breast conserving therapy. Most sensations after SLNB and ALND, even if prevalent, were not very severe or distressing. Some sensations persisted as long as two years. These included tenderness after SLNB and numbness after ALND. Patients often reported phantom sensations after total mastectomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overall, prevalence, severity, and level of distress were lower after SLNB compared to ALND, but some morbidity existed after SLNB. Certain sensations remained prevalent in both groups for as long as 24 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nurses can use information from this study to provide more accurate education and support to patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. baronr@mskcc.org
authors.forename: Roberta H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Baron
authors.forename: Jane V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Fey
authors.forename: Patrick I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Borgen
authors.forename: Kimberly J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Van Zee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001365:Axilla; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D008408:Mastectomy / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D010292:Paresthesia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D059348:Peripheral Nerve Injuries; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires