title: Applicability of risk scores for postoperative nausea and vomiting in adults to paediatric patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Scores to predict the occurrence of postoperative vomiting (PV) or nausea and vomiting (PONV) are well established in adult patients. The aim of this survey was to evaluate the applicability of risk scores developed and tested in adult patients in 983 paediatric patients (0-12 yr) undergoing various surgical procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  The predictive properties of five models were compared with respect to discriminating power (measured by the area under a receiver operating characteristic curve) and calibration (comparison of the predicted and the actual incidences of the disease by weighed linear regression analysis).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cumulative incidence of PV was 33.2% within 24 h. The discriminating power was low and insufficient in all models tested (0.56-0.65). Furthermore, the predicted incidences of the scores correlated only vaguely with the actual incidences observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Specialized scores for children are required. These might use the history of PV, strabismus surgery, duration of anaesthesia > or =45 min, age > or =5 yr and administration of postoperative opioids as independent risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Philipps University, Marburg, Germany. eberhart@mailer.uni-marburg.de
authors.forename: L H J
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Eberhart
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Morin
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Guber
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Kretz
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schäuffelen
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Treiber
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wulf
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Geldner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000009:adverse effects; D000886:Anthropometry; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000209:etiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors; D013285:Strabismus / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid