title: Vibrography: first experimental results in swine brains.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine whether vibrography, an ultrasound-based real-time strain imaging method for registering the elastic properties of tissue, is superior to conventional ultrasound imaging techniques for detecting low-contrast space-occupying lesions in brain tissue and for delineating the boundaries between such lesions and the surrounding tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  As our experimental model we used swine brains taken from freshly slaughtered pigs. After injecting agarose into these brains at different depths, we compared both the conventional ultrasonographic images and the elastographic images of the region of interest with the corresponding anatomical brain sections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 83.6 % of the experiments, it was possible to detect the polymerized agarose in the brain tissue with vibrographic techniques. In 17 experiments agarose lesions which were not detectable by ultrasound were visualized via vibrography. Furthermore, statistical analysis revealed that elastography is a more precise tool than conventional ultrasound for determining lesion size.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings indicate that vibrography is a promising real-time imaging method with numerous potential applications in the field of neurosurgery. Visualization of the elastic properties provides the neurosurgeon with additional data on the lesion and the boundary between the lesion and the surrounding tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany. martin.scholz@ruhr-uni-bochum.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scholz
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fricke
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mönnings
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Brendel
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schmieder
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Siebers
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: von Düring
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ermert
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Harders
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D004453:Echoencephalography / Q000379:methods* / Q000662:veterinary; D038361:Neuronavigation / Q000379:methods*; D013552:Swine; D013718:Tensile Strength; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods*; D014732:Vibration