title: Marginal and internal adaptation of Class II ormocer and hybrid resin composite restorations before and after load cycling.
abstract: To overcome the shortcomings of the conventional composite restorative materials, ormocer materials have been introduced over the past few years. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the marginal and internal adaptation of two ormocer restorative systems (Admira, Voco and Definite, Degussa) compared to a hybrid composite one (TPH Spectrum, Dentsply/ DeTrey), before and after load cycling in Class II restorations. Standardized Class II restorations with cervical margins on enamel were divided into three groups ( n=16). Teeth of each group were filled with one of the restoratives tested and its respective bonding agent. Each group was divided into two equal subgroups. The marginal and internal adaptation of the first subgroup was evaluated after 7-day water storage at room temperature and of the second after cyclic loading in a mastication simulator (1.2x10(6) cycles, 49 N, 1.6 Hz). The occlusal and cervical marginal evaluation was conducted by videomicroscope and ranked as "excellent" and "not excellent". One thin section (150 microm), in mesial-distal direction, of each restoration, was examined under metallographic microscope to determine the quality of internal adaptation. The occlusal and cervical adaptation of both ormocer restorative systems was similar and clearly worse compared with the hybrid composite restorative one before as well as after load cycling. Concerning internal adaptation, no gap-free ormocer restorations were detected, whereas all Spectrum restorations presented perfect adaptation. The bonding agents of the ormocers formed layers with unacceptable features (pores, fractures) whereas that of the hybrid composite achieved perfect bonding layer even after loading. The rheological characteristics of the bonding agents of the ormocer restorative systems are proposed to be responsible for their inferior marginal and internal quality in Class II restorations compared with the hybrid composite one.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics Section of Medical Materials and Technology, Clinic for Dental, Oral, and Maxillary Medicine, University Hospital Tuebingen, Osianderstrasse 2-8, 72076 Tuebingen, Germany.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kournetas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chakmakchi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kakaboura
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rahiotis
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Geis-Gerstorfer
mesh_terms: D002516:Ceramics / Q000737:chemistry*; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D063225:Organically Modified Ceramics; D044367:Phase Transition; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; D019279:Resin Cements; D012821:Silanes / Q000737:chemistry*; D012833:Siloxanes / Q000737:chemistry; D013729:Terpenes / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; C421785:Definite composite resin; D008689:Methacrylates; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; C482145:Multibond; D063225:Organically Modified Ceramics; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C425843:Prime and Bond NT; D019279:Resin Cements; D012821:Silanes; D012833:Siloxanes; C467914:TPH spectrum; D013729:Terpenes; C479084:admira