title: Indocyanine green fluorescence measurement of intestinal transit and gut perfusion after intestinal manipulation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Postoperative ileus is a common and poorly understood problem of abdominal surgery. The aim of this study was to measure postoperative intestinal transit and to evaluate bowel wall perfusion by a novel in vivo indocyanine green (ICG)-fluorescence measurement following intestinal manipulation (IM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats underwent a simple intestinal manipulation. Myeloperoxidase-positive cells in the muscularis were stained with the Hanker-Yates reaction and quantified histochemically. Bowel wall perfusion was determined directly and 24 h postoperatively using a laser-fluorescence detection unit. Intestinal transit was visualized 24 h after IM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IM resulted in a massive infiltration (155-fold) of neutrophils into the intestinal muscularis 24 h postoperatively. Bowel wall perfusion significantly decreased directly and 24 h following surgery (29 and 59%, respectively). Gastrointestinal transit was similarly impaired and showed a reduction to 40% of the control values 24 h after IM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IM of the rat small intestine caused an impairment in bowel wall perfusion and microcirculation and a significant decrease in gastrointestinal transit. The ICG fluorescence measurement using the described system proved to be a simple and reliable method to evaluate intestinal transit and bowel wall microcirculation in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Bonn, Bonn, Germany.
authors.forename: F F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Behrendt
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Tolba
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Overhaus
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hirner
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Minor
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kalff
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility; D045823:Ileus / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D007422:Intestines / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000601:surgery*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000166:cytology; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D007208:Indocyanine Green