title: New data on biological effects of chlorhexidine: Fe2+ induced lipid peroxidation and mitochondrial permeability transition.
abstract: Chlorhexidine (CHX) is a bis-bis-guanide with anphipatic and antiseptic properties and is largely used in dentistry, mainly for management of periodontal problems and in oral pre-operatory procedures. The present study concerns the effect of CHX on lipid peroxidation, mitochondrial permeability transition (MPT), and the interaction of CHX with ferritin (HoSF). CHX (100 microM) increased iron release from HoSF by approximately 13-fold when compared to control values. CHX also increased iron-dependent lipid peroxidation. MPT induced by CHX was protected by ethylene glycol-bis(beta-aminoethyl-ether)-N,N,N',N'-tetraacetic acid (EGTA), dithiothreitol (DTT), and cyclosporin A (CsA), showing a Ca2+-dependent effect, in which oxidation of thiol groups is involved, as well as the involvement of the transmembrane proteinaceous pore. BHT, catalase or o-phenanthroline did not protect MPT induced by CHX. This suggests that a ROS-independent mechanism is involved in the induction of MPT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Federal University of Paraná, C.P. 19046, CEP 81531-990, Curitiba, Paraná, Brazil.
authors.forename: Ana Paula
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Negrelo Newton
authors.forename: Silvia Maria S C
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Cadena
authors.forename: Maria Eliane
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Merlin Rocha
authors.forename: Eva Gunilla
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Skäre Carnieri
authors.forename: Maria Benigna
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Martinelli de Oliveira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000633:toxicity*; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000633:toxicity*; D005293:Ferritins / Q000378:metabolism; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008933:Mitochondrial Swelling / Q000187:drug effects; D010539:Permeability; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D005293:Ferritins; D007501:Iron; D002710:Chlorhexidine; D002118:Calcium