title: Surveillance of the susceptibility of ocular bacterial pathogens to the fluoroquinolone gatifloxacin and other antimicrobials in Europe during 2001/2002.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the identity of European ocular bacterial pathogens and their susceptibility to topical antimicrobial agents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Bacterial isolates derived from clinically significant ocular infections were collected from 10 European centres. Bacteria were re-identified and susceptibility to gatifloxacin, ciprofloxacin, ofloxacin, fusidic acid, gentamicin and chloramphenicol was determined using the NCCLS agar incorporation method at a central testing laboratory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five hundred and thirty-two isolates were submitted for analysis. The most common pathogen was methicillin-susceptible Staphylococcus aureus, followed by Haemophilus influenzae and Streptococcus pneumoniae. Gatifloxacin was the most potent antimicrobial agent tested for isolates from each European country as measured by pure MIC or percentage resistance (using 95% confidence intervals). Only methicillin-resistant S. aureus was in any way refractory to the action of gatifloxacin and other fluoroquinolones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fluoroquinolones offer broad-spectrum coverage for the treatment of ocular pathogens. Gatifloxacin ophthalmic solution should be a significant improvement on currently available fluoroquinolones mainly due to enhanced activity against streptococci and coagulase-negative staphylococci (which accounted for almost one-third of ocular pathogens).
authors.affiliation: GR Micro Ltd., 7-9 William Road, London NW1 3ER, UK. i.morrissey@grmicro.co.uk
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Morrissey
authors.forename: Ray
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Burnett
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Viljoen
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Robbins
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077734:Gatifloxacin; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011159:Population Surveillance
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D000077734:Gatifloxacin