title: Titanium clip prosthesis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prostheses for the reconstruction of a defective ossicular chain should be stable and firmly anchored to the ossicular remnants. This will prevent a defective connection from causing diminished sound transmission efficiency and will keep the prosthesis from tilting or even losing contact, which would result in a sound transmission block. Through temporal bone experimentation, we have consequently developed a very lightweight titanium prosthesis, which is fastened onto the stapes head with a clip mechanism.
  
  
  METHODS
  When temporal bone experiments using laser Doppler vibrometry confirmed that the prosthesis functioned well acoustically and when luxation experiments proved that it could be safely used without the risk of stapes dislocation, the prosthesis was used in a clinical application within an observational study. The University of Dresden Otorhinolaryngological Hospital as well as seven surgeons from five other hospitals participated in the study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of 133 operations showed that, in over 90% of the cases, the prosthesis could be implemented without problems and with good mechanical stability. The first acoustical results obtained during the first year from 49 patients showed a sound transmission improvement range from 12 dB to 14 dB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With the clip prosthesis, it seems possible to further improve defective middle ear function, which would allow the patient to regain social hearing after middle ear reconstruction. The reliability of the fastening is an innovation. Revision operations showed a stable prosthesis-stapes complex in the middle of a recurring cholesteatoma and the prosthesis could always be easily pulled from the stapedial suprastructure.
authors.affiliation: Department of ORL, Technical University of Dresden, Dresden, Germany. huettenbrink@orl-cologne.de
authors.forename: Karl-Bernd
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Hüttenbrink
authors.forename: Th
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zahnert
authors.forename: E G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Wüstenberg
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hofmann
mesh_terms: D001309:Auditory Threshold; D001844:Bone Conduction; D006801:Humans; D009998:Ossicular Prosthesis; D019933:Ossicular Replacement; D013199:Stapes; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: D014025:Titanium