title: Antioxidant-associated chemoprevention by sodium selenite in N-nitrosodiethylamine-induced and phenobarbital-promoted hepatocarcinogenesis in rats.
abstract: The anticarcinogenic/antioxidant potential of sodium selenite (Se), a micronutrient, was evaluated on liver tumourigenesis induced by N-nitrosodiethylamine (DEN) and promoted by phenobarbital (PB; 0.05% in diet). Male, albino rats of the Wistar strain were exposed intravenously to a single dose of DEN (200 mg x kg(-1) body weight). Se (4 ppm in drinking water) was supplemented before initiation, or during initiation and/or during the promotion period of carcinogenesis. At the end of 16 weeks (after DEN administration) nodular incidence, the total number of nodules and non-enzymic antioxidants such as vitamin E, vitamin C, total thiol, protein thiol and non-protein thiol contents were measured in hepatoma, surrounding tissue and kidney tissue of control and experimental groups. In hepatoma-bearing animals the above biochemical changes were decreased when compared with normal control animals. On Se treatment throughout the study, (20 weeks) the above biochemical changes reverted to normal levels. Pre- and post-treatment with Se also shows a tendency to reverse the above changes. The results indicate that prior application of Se significantly reverses the adverse changes produced during the tumourigenesis. Furthermore, prior applications of Se significantly reduced the cumulative number of tumours per tumour-bearing animals. The present study reveals the antitumour potential of Se against DEN-induced liver carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, Dr ALM Post-Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai-600 113, India. tchinnasamy@hotmail.com
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thirunavukkarasu
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Babu
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Ebrahim
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chandramohan
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sakthisekaran
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D003043:Cocarcinogenesis; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine / Q000633:toxicity; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D006965:Hyperplasia; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000633:toxicity; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018038:Sodium Selenite / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds; D014810:Vitamin E; D004052:Diethylnitrosamine; D018038:Sodium Selenite; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D010634:Phenobarbital