title: In vivo generated Th1 cells can migrate to B cell follicles to support B cell responses.
abstract: The description of Th1 and Th2 T cell subsets rationalized the inverse correlation between humoral and cell-mediated immunity. Although Th1 cells were described to support cell-mediated immune responses, their role in supporting certain B cell responses was firmly established. However, there is now a prevailing preconception that provision of B cell help is entirely the domain of Th2 cells and that Th1 cells lack this capacity. Previous studies demonstrated that immunization using aluminum hydroxide adjuvants induces Ag-specific Th2 responses, whereas incorporation of IL-12 with aluminum hydroxide produces a Th1 inducing adjuvant. By immunizing TCR transgenic recipient mice in this fashion, we have generated Ag-specific, traceable Th1 and Th2 cells in vivo and assessed their follicular migration and ability to support B cell responses. In this study we have shown that in vivo polarized Th1 and Th2 cells clonally expand to similar levels and migrate into B cell follicles in which they support B cell responses to a similar degree. Critically, we present direct evidence that in vivo polarized, IFN-gamma secreting Th1 cells migrate into B cell follicles where they can interact with Ag-specific B cells.
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology, Infection and Inflammation, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, Glasgow, Scotland, United Kingdom. kms12a@clinmed.gla.ac.uk
authors.forename: Karen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Brewer
authors.forename: Catherine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Rush
authors.forename: Jillian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Garside
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D019264:Adoptive Transfer; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D000941:Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002465:Cell Movement; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D005803:Genes, Immunoglobulin / Q000235:genetics; D007114:Immunization; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000276:immunology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008211:Lymphocyte Cooperation; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009113:Muramidase / Q000276:immunology; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000276:immunology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000276:immunology; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000235:genetics; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000941:Antigens; C111390:OVA 323-339; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D018664:Interleukin-12; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D010047:Ovalbumin; C421864:hen egg lysozyme; D009113:Muramidase