title: Microwave-assisted sample treatment in a fully automated flow-based instrument: oxidation of reduced technetium species in the analysis of total technetium-99 in caustic aged nuclear waste samples.
abstract: An automated flow-based instrument for microwave-assisted treatment of liquid samples has been developed and characterized. The instrument utilizes a flow-through reaction vessel design that facilitates the addition of multiple reagents during sample treatment and removal of the gaseous reaction products and enables quantitative removal of liquids from the reaction vessel for carryover-free operations. Matrix modification and speciation control chemistries that are required for the radiochemical determination of total (99)Tc in caustic aged nuclear waste samples have been investigated. A rapid and quantitative oxidation procedure using peroxydisulfate in acidic solution was developed to convert reduced technetium species to pertechnetate in samples with high content of reducing organics. The effectiveness of the automated sample treatment procedures has been validated in the radiochemical analysis of total (99)Tc in caustic aged nuclear waste matrixes from the Hanford site.
authors.affiliation: Microsensors and Microfluidics Group, Fundamental Sciences Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, PO Box 999, Richland, Washington 99352, USA. oleg.egorov@pnl.gov
authors.forename: Oleg B
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Egorov
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: O'Hara
authors.forename: Jay W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Grate