title: In situ speciation studies of copper in the electroplating sludge under an electric field.
abstract: Speciation of copper in the electrokinetic treatments of an industrial sludge was studied by in situ extended X-ray absorption fine structural (EXAFS) and X-ray absorption near-edge structural (XANES) spectroscopies in the present work. The least-square fits (LSF) of the XANES spectra indicated that the main copper species in the sludge were Cu(NO)(3) (82%) and adsorbed copper (Cu/SiO(2)) (17%). Copper in the sludge possessed a Cu-O bond distance of 1.97A with a coordination number (CN) of 3.8. In the second shells, the bond distance of Cu-(O)-Si was 3.03A with a CN of 1.5. Most of Cu/SiO(2) was dissolved in the aqueous phase since little Cu-(O)-Si species in the sludge was found after 180 min of the electrokinetic treatments. About 69% of total Cu(II) was dissolved into the aqueous phase and 51% of which was migrated to the cathode under the electric field (5V cm(-1)) for 180 min.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: S-H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: H Paul
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D003300:Copper; D004595:Electroplating; D007220:Industrial Waste; D013057:Spectrum Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D003300:Copper