title: Discovery of a granulovirus of Pandemis pyrusana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), a leafroller pest of apples in Washington.
abstract: Pandemis pyrusana (Kearfott) is an important leafroller pest of apples in Washington. Surveys for natural enemies discovered a pathogen infecting Pandemis leafrollers in an apple orchard in central Washington. The pathogen was propagated in the laboratory and light microscopy using an azan stain demonstrated that it infected fat body, epidermis, and tracheal matrix cells. The virus was identified morphologically as a granulovirus using electron microscopy and designated PpGV. Rates of infection were determined for each generation in an apple orchard for three years. Infection rates were variable and ranged from 2.6 to 67% of individuals collected from each generation.
authors.affiliation: Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, 1100 N. Western Ave, Wenatchee, WA 98801, USA. rpfannenstiel@weslaco.ars.usda.gov
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Pfannenstiel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szymanski
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Lacey
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Brunner
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Spence
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004817:Epidermis / Q000648:ultrastructure / Q000821:virology*; D005216:Fat Body / Q000648:ultrastructure / Q000821:virology*; D025722:Granulovirus / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007814:Larva / Q000821:virology; D009036:Moths / Q000821:virology*; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods; D013045:Species Specificity; D014132:Trachea / Q000648:ultrastructure / Q000821:virology; D014861:Washington