title: Staining of intraocular lenses with various dyes: a study of digital image analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the interaction of various intraocular lens (IOL) materials with commonly used dyes.
  
  
  METHODS
  One IOL of each of the five groups (polymethylmethacrylate, silicone, three-piece hydrophobic acrylic, single-piece hydrophobic acrylic and single-piece hydrophilic acrylic) was bathed in trypan blue 0.1%, fluorescein sodium 2% and indocyanine green (ICG) 0.5% for 15 min. Digital photographs of the IOLs were obtained prior to bathing and after the 15-min bath in each dye. The same IOLs were immersed in the same dye for another 15 min and digital images were reobtained to depict the 30-min dye uptake. New IOLs from the group that exhibited visible colour change after the 15-min bath were then bathed in twofold dilution and if there was still visible dye uptake, fourfold dilution was performed, repeating the 15-min bath and digital photography. The images were then processed using Adobe Photoshop 5.1 to get mean luminosity and red-green-blue values. These values were compared between the groups and the undyed control. Also, dye washout was observed in serum-containing vials.
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of the polymethylmethacrylate, silicone and hydrophobic acrylic IOLs were stained with the dyes used. The only IOL material that changed colour was hydrophilic acrylic and did so with all dyes. The most marked colour change was with fluorescein sodium 2%, the least was with trypan blue 0.05%. Twofold dilution of trypan blue and fourfold dilutions of fluorescein sodium and ICG still stained the hydrophilic acrylic IOL; however, fourfold dilution of trypan blue did not cause a significant colour change. Trypan blue washed out within 6 h, while the IOL stained with ICG remained stained for longer than 24 h.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hydrophilic acrylic IOLs should be used with caution together with dyes since this material demonstrates marked dye uptake and washout may also take some time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Dokuz Eylul University, School Of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ozbek
authors.forename: A O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Saatci
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Durak
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Gunenc
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ergin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cingil
mesh_terms: D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D019793:Fluorescein / Q000378:metabolism*; D007208:Indocyanine Green / Q000378:metabolism*; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D011102:Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D012826:Silicone Elastomers; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D014343:Trypan Blue / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D012826:Silicone Elastomers; D011102:Polyhydroxyethyl Methacrylate; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D014343:Trypan Blue; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D019793:Fluorescein