Sleep at high altitude.
New arrivals to altitude commonly experience poor-quality sleep. These complaints are associated with increased fragmentation of sleep by frequent brief arousals, which are in turn linked to periodic breathing. Changes in sleep architecture include a shift toward lighter sleep stages, with marked decrements in slow-wave sleep and with variable decreases in rapid eye movement (REM) sleep. Respiratory periodicity at altitude reflects alternating respiratory stimulation by hypoxia and subsequent inhibition by hyperventilation-induced hypocapnia. Increased hypoxic ventilatory responsiveness and loss of regularization of breathing during sleep contribute to the occurrence of periodicity. Interventions that improve sleep quality at high altitude include acetazolamide and benzodiazepines.
Weil
John V
JV
Cardiovascular Pulmonary Research Laboratory, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 4200 East NinthAvenue, Denver 80262, USA. john.weil@ushsc.edu
D000086:Acetazolamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000532:Altitude Sickness / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D012119:Respiration; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy
D002257:Carbonic Anhydrase Inhibitors; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D000086:Acetazolamide