title: Variations in estrogen receptor alpha gene and risk of dementia, and brain volumes on MRI.
abstract: The role of estrogens in Alzheimer's disease (AD) is controversial. We investigated the association between well-recognized, and potentially functional, polymorphisms in the estrogen receptor (ER) alpha gene and the risk of AD in a prospective study of 6056 Caucasian older men and women aged 55 years and over. In a subset of 468 participants, we assessed volumes of the hippocampus and amygdala, which have a high density of ER alpha, with brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (1.5 T MR unit). During a total of 35 405 person-years of follow-up (mean per persons 5.8 years), 312 new cases of dementia were detected, of whom 230 were diagnosed with AD. Neither the PvuII nor the XbaI polymorphism or haplotypes thereof were associated with the risk of all-cause dementia or AD. In contrast, we found that nondemented women who carried the PvuII p allele or haplotype 'px' had smaller amygdalar volumes on MRI in an allele-dose-dependent fashion. Total amygdalar volume was 4.50 (SE 0.10) in PP genotype, 4.45 (SE 0.06) in Pp genotype, and 4.18 ml (SE 0.08) in pp genotype (P trend=0.008). Further studies are required to investigate whether this smaller amygdalar volume has functional significance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Erasmus Medical Center, 3000 DR Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: den Heijer
authors.forename: S C E
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Schuit
authors.forename: H A P
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Pols
authors.forename: J B J
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: van Meurs
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hofman
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Koudstaal
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: van Duijn
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Uitterlinden
authors.forename: M M B
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Breteler
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D000679:Amygdala / Q000473:pathology*; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics; D003704:Dementia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009929:Organ Size / Q000235:genetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha