title: The electric toothbrush: analysis of filaments under stereomicroscope.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The use of manual and electric toothbrushes has a fundamental role in primary prevention in oral hygiene. However, aggressive use of the toothbrush, especially those with non-rounded filaments, can result in lesions in both soft and hard oral tissue. Without doubt, the electric toothbrush is a useful aid for the patient, and it is therefore interesting to evaluate not only its effectiveness in plaque removal, but also the relationship between morphology of filaments and incidence of muco-gingival pathologies.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this research was to evaluate various forms of bristles of electric toothbrushes under a stereomicroscope vision.
  
  
  METHODS
  Brushes tested included two samples of toothbrushes from six different types. Tufts from the same position on the toothbrush head were removed and examined under stereomicroscope. In this study the percentage of rounded filaments that is considered acceptable and non-traumatic was evaluated according to the Silverstone and Featherstone classification.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Morphological analysis of electric toothbrush filaments revealed a low percentage of rounded filaments. In only four of 12 electric toothbrushes tested there were more than 50% of the filaments rounded in appearance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy. lchecchi@alma.unibo.it
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Checchi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Farina
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Felice
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montevecchi
mesh_terms: D003742:Dental Devices, Home Care; D004867:Equipment Design; D008853:Microscopy; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000295:instrumentation*