title: Assessment of substance cue reactivity: advances in reliability, specificity, and validity.
abstract: An arousal-control and cross-over design was used to evaluate the reliability, specificity, and validity of the Normative Appetitive Picture System (NAPS), a cue exposure protocol with sets of visual alcohol, cigarette, and control cues. The authors also examined the utility of conceptualizing cue reactivity as a multidimensional phenomenon involving independent approach and avoidance dimensions. University student participants (n=369) rated multiple cue images in terms of arousing properties and capacity to elicit separate approach and avoidance inclinations. They also completed a battery of substance-related individual-difference measures. Results indicated that NAPS protocol reactivity profiles had good reliability and high specificity across cue types and individuals with different substance use histories. Avoidance reactivity independently predicted self-reports of substance-related behaviors, after controlling for approach reactivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia.
authors.forename: Werner G K
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Stritzke
authors.forename: Mary Jo
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Breiner
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Curtin
authors.forename: Alan R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Lang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003463:Cues; D000431:Ethanol; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014026:Nicotiana; D014796:Visual Perception
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol