title: Positron-emission tomography with fluorine-18-fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose for gallbladder cancer diagnosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent advances in hepatobiliary surgery have underscored the need for presurgical diagnosis of gallbladder cancer. Frequently, clinical presentation, biochemical analysis, and structural ultrasound or computed axial tomography images do not enable definitive differentiation of cholecystitis or cholethiasis from gallbladder cancer. The aim of this study was to evaluate the role of fludeoxy glucose-positron-emission tomography (FDG-PET) in establishing the benign or malignant nature of gallbladder lesions.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case series of 16 patients with clinical symptoms suggestive of biliary colic or chronic cholecystitis and with inconclusive ultrasound and/or computed axial tomography findings for presence of gallbladder cancer were studied by FDG-PET.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FDG-PET showed a sensitivity of 0.80, a specificity of 0.82, and positive and negative predictive values of 0.67 and 0.90, respectively. There was 1 false- negative result in 1 patient with mucinous adenocarcinoma and 2 false-positive results in 1 patient with tuberculoid granulomatous reaction and 1 patient with polypoid lesion with adenomyomatosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FDG-PET may be of utility to establish the diagnosis of gallbladder cancer in patients with nonspecific clinical and imaging findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Virgen de las Nieves University Hospital, Avda/ Fuerzas Armadas 2, Granada 18014, Spain. antonio.rodriguez.f.sspa@juntadeandalucia.es
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Fernández
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gómez-Río
authors.forename: José Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Llamas-Elvira
authors.forename: Simeón
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ortega-Lozano
authors.forename: Jose Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ferrón-Orihuela
authors.forename: Jose Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ramia-Angel
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mansilla-Roselló
authors.forename: María Dolores
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Martínez-del-Valle
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ramos-Font
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18