title: The reliability and validity of the Oppositional Defiant Behavior Inventory.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to develop an evaluation scale for use as a supplementary tool for the diagnosis of oppositional defiant disorder (ODD).
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects were 98 Japanese children (91 males and 7 females), aged 6-15 years, diagnosed with attention deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) or ODD. Internal consistency, test-retest reliability, concurrent validity and divergent validity of the oppositional defiant behavior inventory (ODBI), an evaluation scale of oppositional defiant tendency, were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cronbach's alpha coefficient of the ODBI was 0.925. The correlation coefficient between the test and the retest was 0.820 (p < 0.0001). Both the ODBI scores (test and retest) were correlated with the number of items that matched the ODD diagnostic criteria of DSM-IV (r = 0.660, 0.659, p < 0.001), and with the ODD-scale of Disruptive Behavior Disorders Rating Scale (r = 0.725, 0.654, p < 0.001). Compared with the ADHD group or controls, the ADHD and ODD group showed a significantly higher ODBI score at p < 0.0001.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The concurrent use of this scale with clinical examination is expected to increase the accuracy of the diagnosis of ODD.
authors.affiliation: Mental Health Clinic for Children, Shinshu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Asahi, Matsumoto, 390-8621 Nagano, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuzuru
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: Junzo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sakuma
authors.forename: Hidemi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iwasaka
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: Michiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirabayashi
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirabayashi
authors.forename: Tokio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
authors.forename: Setsuko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Naoji
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Amano
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis*; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002648:Child; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales / Q000592:standards*; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity