title: Managements of locally advanced unresectable thymic epithelial tumors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surgery is the treatment of choice for thymic epithelial tumors (TET), but the resectability is about 60-70%. For those with locally advanced unresectable TETs (LAU-TETs), some controversies about the prognostic factors and treatment modalities existed. The aims of this study are to elucidate the roles of various therapeutic options and to determine the survival and prognostic factors of LAU-TETs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-seven patients diagnosed with LAU-TETs underwent treatment in Taipei Veterans General Hospital between 1979 and 1997. Multiple treatment modalities, including surgical intervention, irradiation and chemotherapy, were advocated for these patients. The clinicopathological factors and the effects of the treatment modalities were evaluated retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty seven cases of LAU-TETs, included 18 thymomas (12 at stage III and 6 at stage IVa) and 9 thymic carcinomas (4 at stage III and 5 at stage IVa), were enrolled for study. The overall 5-year and 10-year survival rates were 54.6% and 35.1%, respectively. Patients receiving debulking surgery and those with irradiation dosage higher than 4400 cGy had significantly better survivals (P = 0.021 and P = 0.016, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aggressive debulking surgery and sufficient irradiation dosage provide better survivals for patients with LAU-TETs, especially for those with thymoma.
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Chen-Sung
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Kuang-Tai
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Wen-Hu
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Biing-Shiun
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yu-Chung
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Han-Shui
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Min-Hsiung
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Liang-Shun
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013624:Taiwan; D013945:Thymoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D013953:Thymus Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome