title: Innate BALB/c enteric epithelial responses to Trichinella spiralis: inducible expression of a novel goblet cell lectin, intelectin-2, and its natural deletion in C57BL/10 mice.
abstract: Infection of mice with the nematode parasite Trichinella spiralis induces changes in the proteome of the jejunal epithelium, including substantial up-regulation of a novel variant of interlectin. In this study we sequence this novel lectin, termed intelectin-2, and compare expression levels during T. spiralis infection of resistant (BALB/c) with susceptible (C57BL/10) mouse strains. Intelectin-2 was cloned and sequenced from BALB/c mRNA extracted on day 14 of infection, and was found to have 91% amino acid identity with intelectin (within our study termed intelectin-1). Intelectin-2 transcripts were up-regulated early (day 3) during infection with T. spiralis in BALB/c mice, suggesting an innate response, and levels remained high through to day 14 (time of parasite rejection). Immunohistochemistry of jejunal sections with a rabbit polyclonal Ab to Xenopus laevis 35-kDa cortical granule lectin (XL35; 68% identity with intelectin-2) followed a similar pattern, with intense labeling of goblet and Paneth cells at day 14. However, intelectin-2 transcripts and protein were absent, and immunohistochemistry negative when C57BL/10 mice were infected with T. spiralis. Genomic PCR and Southern blotting confirmed that the intelectin-2 gene is absent from the C57BL/10 genome. The presence of intelectin-2 in resistant BALB/c mice, its absence from the susceptible C57BL/10 strain and the kinetics of its up-regulation during T. spiralis infection suggest that this novel lectin may serve a protective role in the innate immune response to parasite infection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Veterinary Clinical Studies, University of Edinburgh, Easter Bush Veterinary Centre, Roslin, Midlothian, United Kingdom. alan.pemberton@ed.ac.uk
authors.forename: Alan D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Pemberton
authors.forename: Pamela A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Knight
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gamble
authors.forename: William H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Colledge
authors.forename: Jin-Kyu
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pierce
authors.forename: Hugh R P
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D020397:Goblet Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics*; D037102:Lectins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C / Q000235:genetics*; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009928:Organ Specificity; D019879:Paneth Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011817:Rabbits; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017385:Sequence Homology; D013045:Species Specificity; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D017160:Trichinella spiralis / Q000276:immunology*; D014235:Trichinellosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000469:parasitology; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: C115657:Itlnb protein, mouse; D037102:Lectins