title: In vitro efficacy of ciprofloxacin alone and in combination with amoxycillin against Salmonella typhi isolates.
abstract: Combined effect of ciprofloxacin (Ci) and amoxycillin (Ax) has been studied in vitro against 12 clinical isolates of S. typhi that showed Ci minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of > or =1 microg/ml. By agar dilution method, MIC values of Ax were 10-16 microg/ml for 11 isolates and 0.5 microg/ml for the remaining one isolate. The isolates, when treated with Ci and Ax in combination, showed fractional inhibitory concentration (FIC) of 0.004-0.256 microg/ml for Ci. FIC of Ax ranged from 6-10 microg/ml, except for a single isolate that showed Ax FIC of 0.25 microg/ml. Thus Ci was more efficacious in combination with Ax against S. typhi than Ci alone. The antibiotic combination exhibited an additive effect for all the isolates showing FIC index 0.504-0.832.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology and Serology, Calcutta School of Tropical Medicine, C. R. Avenue, Kolkata 700 073, India. samtropmed@rediffmail.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mandal
authors.forename: Manisha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mandal
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Pal
mesh_terms: D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D000658:Amoxicillin