title: Induction of centrosome amplification and chromosome instability in human bladder cancer cells by p53 mutation and cyclin E overexpression.
abstract: Centrosome amplification frequently occurs in human cancers and is a major cause of chromosome instability (CIN). In mouse cells, centrosome amplification can be readily induced by loss or mutational inactivation of p53. In human cells, however, silencing of endogenous p53 alone does not induce centrosome amplification or CIN, although high degrees of correlation between p53 mutation and CIN/centrosome amplification in human cancer can be detected, suggesting the presence of additional regulatory mechanism(s) in human cells that ensures the numeral integrity of centrosomes and genomic integrity. Cyclin E, a regulatory subunit for CDK2 that plays a key role in centrosome duplication, frequently is overexpressed in human cancers. We found that cyclin E overexpression, together with loss of p53, efficiently induces centrosome amplification and CIN in human bladder cancer cells but not by either cyclin E overexpression or loss of p53 alone. We extended these findings to bladder cancer specimens and found that centrosome amplification is strongly correlated with concomitant occurrence of cyclin E overexpression and p53 inactivation but not with either cyclin E overexpression or p53 inactivation alone. Because cyclin E expression is strictly controlled in human cells compared with mouse cells, our findings suggest that this stringent regulation of cyclin E expression plays an additional role underlying numeral homeostasis of centrosomes in human cells and that deregulation of cyclin E expression, together with inactivation of p53, results in centrosome amplification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3125 Eden Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Izumi
authors.forename: Zhiyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Ryosuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moriyama
authors.forename: Tatsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nojima
authors.forename: Linda S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Levin
authors.forename: Kohzaburo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujikawa-Yamamoto
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukasawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D018385:Centrosome / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D043171:Chromosomal Instability / Q000235:genetics*; D019927:Cyclin E / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D014162:Transfection; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019927:Cyclin E; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53