title: Cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 3A-deficient mice as a model of female infertility.
abstract: Since cAMP blocks meiotic maturation of mammalian and amphibian oocytes in vitro and cyclic nucleotide phosphodiesterase 3A (PDE3A) is primarily responsible for oocyte cAMP hydrolysis, we generated PDE3A-deficient mice by homologous recombination. The Pde3a(-/-) females were viable and ovulated a normal number of oocytes but were completely infertile, because ovulated oocytes were arrested at the germinal vesicle stage and, therefore, could not be fertilized. Pde3a(-/-) oocytes lacked cAMP-specific PDE activity, contained increased cAMP levels, and failed to undergo spontaneous maturation in vitro (up to 48 hours). Meiotic maturation in Pde3a(-/-) oocytes was restored by inhibiting protein kinase A (PKA) with adenosine-3',5'-cyclic monophosphorothioate, Rp-isomer (Rp-cAMPS) or by injection of protein kinase inhibitor peptide (PKI) or mRNA coding for phosphatase CDC25, which confirms that increased cAMP-PKA signaling is responsible for the meiotic blockade. Pde3a(-/-) oocytes that underwent germinal vesicle breakdown showed activation of MPF and MAPK, completed the first meiotic division extruding a polar body, and became competent for fertilization by spermatozoa. We believe that these findings provide the first genetic evidence indicating that resumption of meiosis in vivo and in vitro requires PDE3A activity. Pde3a(-/-) mice represent an in vivo model where meiotic maturation and ovulation are dissociated, which underscores inhibition of oocyte maturation as a potential strategy for contraception.
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary-Critical Care Medicine Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Masciarelli
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Horner
authors.forename: Chengyu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Sun Hee
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hinckley
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hockman
authors.forename: Taku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nedachi
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Conti
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Manganiello
mesh_terms: D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D054684:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 3; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000235:genetics; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016200:Maturation-Promoting Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D008540:Meiosis / Q000502:physiology; D000090204:Mesothelin; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D010053:Ovary / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D010060:Ovulation / Q000502:physiology; D015290:Second Messenger Systems / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; C000715528:Msln protein, mouse; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D016200:Maturation-Promoting Factor; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; D054684:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 3; C517287:PDE3A protein, human; C517289:Pde3a protein, mouse; D000090204:Mesothelin