title: Ram horn peptone as a source of citric acid production by Aspergillus niger, with a process.
abstract: The present study deals with the production of citric acid from a ram horn peptone (RHP) by Aspergillus niger NRRL 330. A medium from RHP and a control medium (CM) were compared for citric acid production using A. niger in a batch culture. For this purpose, first, RHP was produced. Ram horns were hydrolyzed by treatment with acids (6 N H(2)SO(4), 6 N HCl) and neutralizing solutions. The amounts of protein, nitrogen, ash, some minerals, total sugars, total lipids and amino acids of the RHP were determined. RHP was compared with peptones with a bacto-tryptone from casein and other peptones. The results from RHP were similar to those of standard peptones. The optimal concentration of RHP for the production of citric acid was found to be 4% (w/w). A medium prepared from 4% RHP was termed ram horn peptone medium (RHPM). In comparison with CM, the content of citric acid in RHPM broth (84 g/l) over 6 days was 35% higher than that in CM broth (62 g/l). These results show that citric acid can be produced efficiently by A. niger from ram horn.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Science and Letters Faculty, Atatürk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey. ekurbanoglu@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Esabi B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Kurbanoglu
authors.forename: Namudar I
authors.initials: NI
authors.lastname: Kurbanoglu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000378:metabolism*; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation; D006733:Horns / Q000737:chemistry*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates / Q000378:metabolism*; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D011492:Protein Hydrolysates; D019343:Citric Acid