title: Impact of pregnancy on the systemic right ventricle after a Mustard operation for transposition of the great arteries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to determine the impact of pregnancy on the systemic right ventricle (RV) after a Mustard operation for transposition of the great arteries.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Dysfunction of the RV remains a continuing problem after a Mustard operation. Concerns exist about the potentially deleterious effects of pregnancy on this ventricle.
  
  
  METHODS
  The records of 16 women who completed 28 pregnancies were reviewed for clinical status, echocardiographic evaluation of RV dimensions, RV function, and tricuspid regurgitation (TR) before, during, and after pregnancy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women were in New York Heart Association functional class I (n = 21) and II (n = 7) before pregnancy. The functional class deteriorated in six women, with no return to the pre-pregnancy level after delivery in two. Data on RV dimensions were available in 18 pregnancies, on RV function in 21, and on TR in 20. Before pregnancy, RV dilation was absent (n = 4), mild/moderate (n = 12), or severe (n = 2) and progressed in five women (31%), with no recovery in all patients at the last follow-up. Right ventricular systolic dysfunction was absent (n = 16), mild/moderate (n = 4), or severe (n = 1) before pregnancy and progressed in four women (25%), with no recovery in three cases. Tricuspid regurgitation was absent (n = 8), mild (n = 9), or moderate (n = 3) before pregnancy and deteriorated in eight women (50%), with no recovery in three patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pregnancy after a Mustard operation is clinically well tolerated but carries a risk of RV dysfunction, which is sometimes irreversible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Montreal Heart Institute, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guédès
authors.forename: Lise-Andrée
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Mercier
authors.forename: Line
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leduc
authors.forename: Lyne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bérubé
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marcotte
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dore
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018450:Disease Progression; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011249:Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D014188:Transposition of Great Vessels / Q000601:surgery*; D014262:Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D018497:Ventricular Dysfunction, Right / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016278:Ventricular Function, Right / Q000502:physiology*