Loss of DNA mismatch repair function and cancer predisposition in the mouse: animal models for human hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer.
Germline mutations in DNA mismatch repair genes underlie one of the most common hereditary cancer predisposition syndromes known in humans, hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal cancer (HNPCC). Defects of the DNA mismatch repair system are also prevalent in sporadic colorectal cancers. The generation of mice with targeted inactivating mutations in the mismatch repair genes has facilitated the in vivo study of how these genes function and how their individual loss contributes to tumorigenesis. Although there are notable limitations when using murine models to study the molecular basis of human cancer, there is remarkable similarity between the two species with respect to the contribution of individual members of the mismatch repair system to cancer susceptibility, and mouse mutants have greatly enhanced our understanding of the normal role of these genes in mutation avoidance and suppression of tumorigenesis.
Edelmann
Lisa
L
Human Genetics, Mt. Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
Edelmann
Winfried
W
D011125:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D003123:Colorectal Neoplasms, Hereditary Nonpolyposis / Q000235:genetics*; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000235:genetics*; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases / Q000235:genetics; D017491:Genes, APC; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D018095:Germ-Line Mutation; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C114331:EXO1 protein, human; D005090:Exodeoxyribonucleases; C028450:exodeoxyribonuclease I; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes