title: The Minneapolis-Manchester Quality of Life instrument: Reliability and validity of the Youth Form.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Improvements in survival after childhood cancer have increased emphasis on health-related quality of life (HRQoL) of survivors. We developed the Minneapolis-Manchester Quality of Life-Youth Form (MMQL-YF) as a standardized patient self-report instrument designed to assess HRQoL in childhood cancer survivors between the ages of 8 and 12 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  To validate the instrument, the MMQL-YF was administered to 643 children (481 healthy, 162 with cancer). Factor analysis was conducted to refine the instrument, and Cronbach's alpha coefficient was used to measure its internal reliability. Known-groups validity was determined by comparing healthy children with those with cancer. Construct validity was studied by a comparison of similar domains in the MMQL-YF and the Child Health Questionnaire (CHQ). Stability was tested by re-administration of the MMQL-YF 2 weeks later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Internal consistency reliability was in the acceptable range for this instrument. The MMQL-YF was able to distinguish between known groups, and its scales correlated highly with similar CHQ domains. Test-retest reliability showed that the instrument was extremely stable in all scales tested.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Data provide evidence for the validity and reliability of the MMQL-YF as a comprehensive, multidimensional, self-report instrument for measuring HRQoL among childhood cancer survivors.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Oncology, City of Hope National Medical Center, Duarte, California, USA. sbhatia@coh.org
authors.forename: Smita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhatia
authors.forename: Meriel E M
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Jenney
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Monica K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Bogue
authors.forename: Todd H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Rockwood
authors.forename: James H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Feusner
authors.forename: Debra L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: Leslie L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Robison
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Kane
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology*