title: [Nanoparticulate silver. A new antimicrobial substance for bone cement].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Multiresistant bacteria have become an important problem in prosthetic joint infections. Their frequent resistance against gentamicin, which is commonly used in antibiotic-loaded bone cements, makes a new prophylaxis necessary.
  
  
  METHODS
  PMMA-cement was loaded with 1% nanoparticulate silver and its antibacterial activity tested in vitro against gentamicin-resistant MRSE and MRSA strains as well as being compared to the activity of plain and gentamicin-loaded bone cements. A quantitative elution testing was also done to study the potentially cytotoxic effects of NanoSilver cement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Unloaded and PMMA-cement loaded with 2% gentamicin did not exhibit any antibacterial activity against MRSE and MRSA. At 1%, NanoSilver cement completely inhibited the proliferation of MRSA and MRSE. NanoSilver bone cement did not show any significant differences compared to the non-toxic control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  If these promising in vitro results can be confirmed in vivo, NanoSilver bone cement may be of considerable value in total joint arthroplasty.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Unfallchirurgie der Justus-Liebig-Universität Giessen. volker.alt@chiru.med.uni-giessen.de
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Alt
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bechert
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Steinrücke
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wagener
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Seidel
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dingeldein
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Scheddin
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Domann
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schnettler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D051379:Mice; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D036103:Nanotechnology; D010316:Particle Size; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001843:Bone Cements; D005839:Gentamicins; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate