title: Detection of endogenous boldenone in the entire male horses.
abstract: Boldenone (1,2-dehydrotestosterone) is a common veterinary anabolic agent. Its structure is very similar to testosterone. Testosterone is endogenous in the horse, whereas there has been no report concerning the detection of endogenous boldenone. This paper reports the direct observation of sulphate conjugate of boldenone in equine urine from entires. The detection procedures involved solid-phase extraction, immunoaffinity column (IAC) purification, and then LC-MS-MS analysis on a Q-ToF instrument. The identification of boldenone sulphate has provided direct evidence for the endogenous nature of boldenone in entire male horses. Quantification data for the normal level of boldenone in Hong Kong racehorses will also be discussed.
authors.affiliation: Racing Laboratory, The Hong Kong Jockey Club, Sha Tin Racecourse, Sha Tin, N.T., Hong Kong, China. emmie.nm.ho@hkjc.org.hk
authors.forename: Emmie N M
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Kenneth C H
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Yiu
authors.forename: Francis P W
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dehennin
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Plou
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bonnaire
authors.forename: Terence S M
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Wan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006736:Horses; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone; C013915:boldenone