title: Polysialic acid regulates cell contact-dependent neuronal differentiation of progenitor cells from the subventricular zone.
abstract: Expression of polysialic acid (PSA) promotes migration of progenitor cells from the subventricular zone (SVZ) to the olfactory bulb, where they differentiate into interneurons. This differentiation has been found to coincide with a loss of PSA. Moreover, specific removal of PSA from the mouse SVZ by endoneuraminidase-N was found to cause premature differentiation, as evidenced by neurite outgrowth and tyrosine hydroxylase synthesis in vivo and by expression of neurofilament-L and beta III-tubulin in SVZ explant cultures. This differentiation involved activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase through p59fyn and was blocked by its inhibition. The effects of PSA removal were found to be cell contact-dependent and to be reduced by anti-neural cell adhesion molecule antibodies. These findings indicate that PSA expression regulates the fate of SVZ precursors by two contact-dependent mechanisms, the previously reported reduction in cell-cell adhesion that allows cell translocation, and the postponement of cell differentiation that otherwise would be induced by signals generated through surface molecule-mediated cell-cell interactions.
authors.affiliation: Cellular and Developmental Neuroscience, Program in Cell Biology, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York 10021, USA.
authors.forename: Athanasios K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Petridis
authors.forename: Abderrahman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Maarouf
authors.forename: Urs
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Rutishauser
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002450:Cell Communication; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000494:pharmacology; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016501:Neurites / Q000378:metabolism; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000378:metabolism; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology*; D012794:Sialic Acids / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D014404:Tubulin / Q000378:metabolism; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins; D012794:Sialic Acids; D014404:Tubulin; C021319:polysialic acid; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; C090534:endo-alpha-sialidase