title: Isolation of bacteriophages from the oral cavity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To isolate bacteriophages lytic for oral pathogens from human saliva, dental plaque and mature biofilms constituted from saliva-derived bacteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Saliva and dental plaque samples from healthy volunteers and from patients with gingivitis and periodontitis were examined for the presence of lytic bacteriophage using a panel of oral pathogens and bacteria isolated from the samples. Samples were also enriched for bacteriophage using static culture techniques and mature biofilms. A limited number of samples contained bacteriophage particles that were visualized using electron microscopy. Cultures yielded phage infecting non-oral bacteria (Proteus mirabilis) but no bacteriophage specific for recognized oral pathogens were found. Some micro-organisms from the oral microflora elaborated antibacterial substances that inhibited growth of other residents of the oral cavity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Unlike other ecosystems, the composition of the oral cavity does not appear to be heavily influenced by interactions between bacteriophages and their hosts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bacteriophage for control of oral infections may need to be obtained from other sources. Antibacterial substances derived from some members of the oral microflora warrant investigation as potential antibiotics.
authors.affiliation: Microbiology Group, School of Pharmacy, University of London, London, UK.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hitch
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pratten
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000190:Actinomyces / Q000821:virology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001433:Bacteriolysis; D001435:Bacteriophages / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018441:Biofilms; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology*; D011513:Proteus mirabilis / Q000821:virology; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology; D013291:Streptococcus / Q000821:virology; D014678:Veillonella / Q000821:virology