title: Activity of topotecan in retinoblastoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report our experience with topotecan in children with relapsed/refractory metastatic and intraocular retinoblastoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Topotecan was administered intravenously as a 30-min infusion at a dose of 2 mg/m2/d for five consecutive days and repeated after three weeks. If obvious progression was detected by physical examination in patients with overt extraocular disease or if progressive disease was noted after fundoscopic examination in patients with intraocular disease, a second cycle was not administered. Response was evaluated at Week 6.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine patients (6 extraocular, 3 intraocular) were treated from November 1998 to March 2002. A total of 16 cycles were administered. In patients with extraocular disease, there were three partial responses, two cases of stable disease, and one case of progressive disease. Two patients with relapsed/resistant intraocular disease had partial response. allowing local therapy to be performed, and the third patient had progressive disease. The drug was well-tolerated. No patient developed fever or documented infections. No other serious toxicity was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Topotecan is active in extraocular and relapsed/resistant intraocular retinoblastoma. The role of this drug in the treatment of retinoblastoma should be explored in further studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematooncology, Hospital de Pediatria JP Garrahan, Buenos Aires, Argentina. gchantada@garrahan.gov.ar
authors.forename: Guillermo L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Chantada
authors.forename: Adriana C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Fandiño
authors.forename: Sandra J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Casak
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mato
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manzitti
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schvartzman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019572:Retinal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012175:Retinoblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D059004:Topoisomerase I Inhibitors; D019772:Topotecan / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D059004:Topoisomerase I Inhibitors; D019772:Topotecan