title: Ultrasound biomicroscopy of the levator aponeurosis in congenital and aponeurotic blepharoptosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate and measure the thickness of the levator aponeurosis by ultrasound biomicroscopy in congenital dysmyogenic and aponeurotic blepharoptosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four upper eyelids of 22 patients who had unilateral blepharoptosis were evaluated by ultrasound biomicroscopy. The patients ranged in age from 13 to 69 years (mean, 35.4 +/- 20.2 years). Fourteen patients were male and 8 patients were female. Seven patients had congenital dysmyogenic blepharoptosis and 15 patients had aponeurotic blepharoptosis. Imaging was performed with a 50-MHz transducer. The thickness of the levator aponeurosis was measured centrally at the upper border of the tarsus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levator aponeurosis was imaged in all eyelids except for one eyelid with aponeurotic blepharoptosis. The mean thickness of the levator aponeurosis was 0.39 +/- 0.10 mm in the ptotic eyelid and 0.42 +/- 0.09 mm in the control eyelid of the patients with congenital dysmyogenic blepharoptosis (p = 0.043). The mean thickness of the levator aponeurosis was 0.26 +/- 0.05 mm in the ptotic eyelid and 0.36 +/- 0.04 mm in the control eyelid of the patients with aponeurotic blepharoptosis (p = 0.001). The thickness of the levator aponeurosis was correlated with the palpebral fissure height (p = 0.013, r = 0.644) in aponeurotic blepharoptosis. The thickness of the levator aponeurosis was correlated with the levator function (p = 0.033, r = 0.795) in congenital dysmyogenic blepharoptosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The thickness of the levator aponeurosis can be measured with ultrasound biomicroscopy. The most common pathology in aponeurotic blepharoptosis is thinned-out aponeurosis. The levator aponeurosis of the ptotic eyelid is thinner than the normal eyelid in congenital ptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ankara University, Cankaya, Ankara 06680, Turkey. shosal@ada.net.tr
authors.forename: Banu M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Hoşal
authors.forename: Nuri G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Ayer
authors.forename: Güler
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zilelioğlu
authors.forename: Atilla H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Elhan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000151:congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005143:Eyelids / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005205:Fascia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D013710:Tendons / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014463:Ultrasonography