title: Photochemical treatment of platelet concentrates with amotosalen hydrochloride and ultraviolet A light inactivates free and latent cytomegalovirus in a murine transfusion model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A photochemical treatment (PCT) process utilizing amotosalen hydrochloride and long wavelength UVA light has been developed to inactivate pathogens in PLTs. This study investigated the effects of amotosalen/UVA treatment on free and latent murine CMV (MCMV) in PLT preparations using a murine model of transfusion-transmitted CMV (TT-CMV).
  
  
  METHODS
  In a model of latent MCMV infection, "donor" mice received 1 x 10(6) plaque-forming units (PFUs) MCMV and were rested 14 days. Subsequently harvested, pooled, and washed WBCs were PCR positive for MCMV. Murine WBC doses of 1 x 10(4), 1 x 10(5), and 1 x 10(6) were added to human apheresis PLTs in 35 percent autologous plasma and 65 percent PLT AS (PAS). The WBC-PLT products were treated with 150 micro mol/L amotosalen and 0.6 J per cm2 UVA and transfused via tail vein injection into recipient mice. Recipients were killed on Day 14. Blood and spleens were collected and assayed for MCMV by PCR. In a parallel model of active infection with free virus, human PLT in 35 percent autologous plasma and 65 percent PAS were dosed with 1 x 10(5) and 1 x 10(6) PFUs of MCMV. All other procedures were as described above.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the absence of amotosalen/UVA-pretreatment, transfusion of PLT latently or actively infected with MCMV produced TT-CMV in a dose-dependent fashion. In contrast, all transfusion recipients of identical PLT preparations pretreated with amotosalen/UVA were uniformly PCR negative for MCMV (abrogation of TT-CMV; p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PCT of PLT preparations with the specified doses of amotosalen hydrochloride and UVA light prevents transfusion transmission of free and latent MCMV in a murine model. These results suggest that PCT of human PLTs with amotosalen/UVA should also effectively abrogate TT-CMV in the clinical setting.
authors.affiliation: Transfusion Medicine Program, Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, Georgia 30322, USA.
authors.forename: Cetherine T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Jordan
authors.forename: Natia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saakadze
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: Levan J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Lezhava
authors.forename: Tanya T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Maiers
authors.forename: Whitney M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Hillyer
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Roback
authors.forename: Christopher D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Hillyer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000821:virology*; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D011564:Furocoumarins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D023421:Models, Animal; D017713:Platelet Transfusion / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D011564:Furocoumarins; C118577:amotosalen