title: [Use of drugs to treat respiratory tract infections in the community].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study describes the utilization of drugs to treat respiratory tract infections in a community setting. The description of antimicrobial and non-antimicrobial drugs use is important to design interventions aimed at improving treatment strategies for these common illnesses.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a population-based cross-sectional study, 6145 individuals living in an urban area in southern Brazil were inquired about the use of drugs for the treatment of respiratory tract infections in the 30 days previous to the interview. The Pearson chi-square test was used for statistical analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The global prevalence of respiratory infections treated with drugs was 6.3%. The prevalence was higher for children under 4 years of age (18%) and lower for the elderly (3%; p<0.001). Fifty-nine percent of the individuals used antimicrobials to treat respiratory infections. "Sore throat" was the main clinical condition associated with drug use (41%). Amoxicilin was the antimicrobial drug most frequently used (38%), while non-steroidal anti-inflamatory drugs were the most frequent among the non-antimicrobial drugs (27%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Antimicrobials were used in nearly 60% of the respiratory tract infections treated with some drug, even though they are mostly viral in their origin. The indiscriminate use of these drugs not only raises the costs of treatments, but may also lead to the emergence of bacterial resistance against the antimicrobials.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Pós-Graduação em Epidemiologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Pelotas, Pelotas, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Laura S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Berquó
authors.forename: Aluísio J D
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.forename: Rosângela C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Lima
authors.forename: Andréa D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Bertoldi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal