Organophosphate poisoning.
Organophosphates are commonly used as pesticides around the world. Exposures to organophosphates cause a significant number of poisonings and deaths each year. Organophosphates bind and inhibit cholinesterase enzymes. Acute toxicity manifests as a cholinergic crisis with excessive glandular secretions, altered mental status, and weakness. Several delayed syndromes have also been associated with organophosphate exposure, including a myasthenic-like syndrome, peripheral neuropathies, neuropsychiatric abnormalities, and extrapyramidal disorders. Clinical features and management of organophosphate poisoning is reviewed with emphasis on those affecting the central and peripheral nervous system.
Rusyniak
Daniel E
DE
Assistant Professor, Departments of Emergency Medicine, Pharmacology and Toxicology, and Neurology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Nañagas
Kristine A
KA
D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000506:poisoning*; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds
D007306:Insecticides; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds