High glucose inhibits fructose uptake in renal proximal tubule cells: involvement of cAMP, PLC/PKC, p44/42 MAPK, and cPLA2.
The precise signal that regulates fructose transport in renal proximal tubule cells (PTCs) under high glucose conditions is not yet known although fructose has been recommended as a substitute for glucose in the diets of diabetic people. Thus, we investigated that effect of high glucose on fructose uptake and its signaling pathways in primary cultured rabbit renal PTCs. Glucose inhibited the fructose uptake in a time- and dose-dependent manner. A maximal inhibitory effect of glucose on fructose uptake was observed at 25 mM glucose after 48 h, while 25 mM mannitol and l-glucose did not affect fructose uptake. Indeed, 25 mM glucose for 48 h decreased GLUT5 protein level. Thus, the treatment of 25 mM glucose for 48 h was used for this study. Glucose-induced (25 mM) inhibition of fructose uptake was blocked by pertussis toxin (PTX), SQ-22536 (an adenylate cyclase inhibitor), and myristoylated amide 14-22 (a protein kinase A inhibitor). Indeed, 25 mM glucose increased the intracellular cAMP content. Furthermore, 25 mM glucose-induced inhibition of fructose uptake was prevented by neomycin or U-73122 (phospholipase C inhibitors) and staurosporine or bisindolylmaleimide I (protein kinase C inhibitors). In fact, 25 mM glucose increased the total PKC activity and translocation of PKC from the cytosolic to membrane fraction. In addition, PD 98059 (a p44/42 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) inhibitor) but not SB 203580 (a p38 MAPK inhibitor) and mepacrine or AACOCF3 (phospholipase A2 inhibitors) blocked 25 mM glucose-induced inhibition of fructose uptake. Results of Western blotting using the p44/42 MAPK and GLUT5 antibodies were consistent with the results of uptake experiments. In conclusion, high glucose inhibits the fructose uptake through cAMP, PLC/PKC, p44/42 MAPK, and cytosolic phospholipase A2 (cPLA2) pathways in the PTCs.
Park
Su Hyung
SH
Department of Veterinary Physiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, Korea.
Lee
Yun Jung
YJ
Lim
Min Jin
MJ
Kim
Eun Jung
EJ
Lee
Jang Hern
JH
Han
Ho Jae
HJ
D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005632:Fructose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007687:Kidney Tubules, Proximal / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000378:metabolism; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000378:metabolism
D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005632:Fructose; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D010741:Phospholipases A; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D005947:Glucose