title: Childhood adversity, monoamine oxidase a genotype, and risk for conduct disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Very little is known about how different sets of risk factors interact to influence risk for psychiatric disorder.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To replicate a recent report of a genotype-environment interaction that predicts risk for antisocial behavior in boys.
  
  
  METHODS
  Characterizing risk for conduct disorder in boys in association with monoamine oxidase A genotype and exposure to familial adversity, defined by interparental violence, parental neglect, and inconsistent discipline.
  
  
  METHODS
  A community-based sample of twin boys.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five hundred fourteen male twins aged 8 to 17 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Conduct disorder.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a main effect of adversity but not of monoamine oxidase A on risk for conduct disorder. Low monoamine oxidase A activity increased risk for conduct disorder only in the presence of an adverse childhood environment. Neither a passive nor an evocative genotype-environment correlation accounted for the interaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study replicates a recent report of a genotype-environment interaction that predicts individual variation in risk for antisocial behavior in boys.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Genetics, Virginia Institute for Psychiatric and Behavioral Genetics, Virgoinia Commonwaelth University, Richmond, 23298-0003, USA. dfoley@hsc.vcu.edu
authors.forename: Debra L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Foley
authors.forename: Lindon J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Eaves
authors.forename: Brandon
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wormley
authors.forename: Judy L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Silberg
authors.forename: Hermine H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Maes
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.forename: Brien
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Riley
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D002648:Child; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016241:Child of Impaired Parents / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019955:Conduct Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D004200:Diseases in Twins / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D017579:Domestic Violence / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012931:Social Environment; D014768:Virginia / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D008995:Monoamine Oxidase