title: Evaluation of a labeling system to indicate the presence of an advance directive in a hospital medical record.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the accuracy of one hospital's system to indicate whether an advance directive exists within a patient's medical record.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical record review while patients were hospitalized.
  
  
  METHODS
  Internal medicine residency program within a tertiary care hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients admitted to four internal medicine services between 25 October 2000 and 6 December 2000.
  
  
  METHODS
  Presence of an advance directive and a label in medical records were recorded, along with patient demographics, and sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four of 125 medical records (3%) contained advance directives. Sensitivity of a label for an advance directive was 25% [95% confidence interval (CI) 1-81%], specificity was 62% (95% CI 53-71%), and accuracy was 61% (95% CI 52-69%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of the hospital's labeling system to indicate the presence of advance directives was found to be highly inaccurate. Failure to correctly follow or understand the intended labeling procedure was the most likely source of error. Hospitals should include plans to check the accuracy of protocols when they are adopted to ensure that they are performing as intended.
authors.affiliation: University of North Carolina, School of Public Health, Chapel Hill, USA.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: Norman A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Desbiens
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016223:Advance Directives; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D015397:Program Evaluation; D017010:Reminder Systems; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity