title: Dose-dependent effects of platelet-derived growth factor-B on glial tumorigenesis.
abstract: Platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) is expressed in many different tumors, but its precise roles in tumorigenesis remain to be fully defined. Here, we report on a mouse model that demonstrates dose-dependent effects of PDGF-B on glial tumorigenesis. By removing inhibitory regulatory elements in the PDGFB mRNA, we are able to substantially elevate its expression in tumor cells using a retroviral delivery system. This elevation in PDGF-B production results in tumors with shortened latency, increased cellularity, regions of necrosis, and general high-grade character. In addition, elevated PDGF-B in these tumors also mediates vascular smooth muscle cell recruitment that supports tumor angiogenesis. PDGF receptor (PDGFR) signaling appears to be required for the maintenance of these high-grade characteristics, because treatment of high-grade tumors with a small molecule inhibitor of PDGFR results in reversion to a lower grade tumor histology. Our data show that PDGFR signaling quantitatively regulates tumor grade and is required to sustain high-grade oligodendrogliomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology and Genetics, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, New York, NY 10021, USA.
authors.forename: Alan H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: Chengkai
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Xiaoyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Marc K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Rosenblum
authors.forename: Jason A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Koutcher
authors.forename: Eric C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Holland
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D000818:Animals; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D005910:Glioma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000502:physiology; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D017479:Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D020574:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-sis; D017479:Receptors, Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D040262:Receptors, Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor