title: The antimicrobial activity of extracts of the lichen Cladonia foliacea and its (-)-usnic acid, atranorin, and fumarprotocetraric acid constituents.
abstract: The antimicrobial activity of the chloroform, diethyl ether, acetone, petroleum ether, and ethanol extracts of the lichen Cladonia foliacea and its (-)-usnic acid, atranorin, and fumarprotocetraric acid constituents against 9 bacteria and fungi has been investigated. The extracts and pure compounds alone were found active against the same bacteria and the same yeasts. Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, Proteus vulgaris, Listeria monocytogenes, Aeromonas hydrophila, Candida albicans, and Candida glabrata growth were inhibited. In addition, the MICs of the extracts, (-)-usnic acid, atranorin and fumarprotocetraric acid were determined.
authors.affiliation: Anadolu University, Department of Biology, 26470 Eskisehir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Meral
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Ayşen Ozdemir
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Türk
authors.forename: Turgay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tay
authors.forename: Merih
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kivanç
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000737:chemistry*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D005650:Fumarates / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008011:Lichens / Q000737:chemistry*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001572:Benzofurans; D005650:Fumarates; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D010936:Plant Extracts; C073339:usnic acid; C026304:atranorin; C026307:fumarprotocetraric acid