title: Z-palatoplasty (ZPP): a technique for patients without tonsils.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients without tonsils and with Friedman tongue position (FTP) III and IV are poor candidates for uvulopalatopharyngoplasty (UP3). Even when combined with adjunctive hyopharyngeal techniques, results are poor. We assessed a modified uvulopalatoplasty based on a bilateral Z-plasty in treating patients without tonsils who have obstructive sleep apnea/hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS).
  
  
  METHODS
  25 patients treated with a modified technique were matched with 25 patients previously treated with classic UP3. All patients in both groups also had radiofrequency tongue base reduction. Preoperative vs. postoperative measures of objective treatment success and subjective symptoms were compared for the 2 groups. Morbidity, including pain levels, narcotic use, and return to solid diet and normal activity, as well as complications were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjective improvement was good for both groups, but objective clinical improvement was significantly better for the experimental group. Morbidity and complications for the experimental group were comparable to the control group and to other published series on UP3.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A modified technique for patients without tonsils who have OSAHS is presented. The new technique is more successful with acceptable morbidity for patients with OSAHS than classical techniques.
authors.affiliation: Rush-Presbyterian-St. Luke's Medical Center, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. njoseph@pentechassociates.com
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: Hani Z
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.forename: Ramakrishnan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vidyasagar
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pomeranz
authors.forename: Ninos J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Joseph
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013517:Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D010160:Palate, Soft / Q000601:surgery*; D017286:Polysomnography; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D014059:Tongue / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D014068:Tonsillectomy; D016896:Treatment Outcome