title: Bifidobacterial species differentially affect expression of cell surface markers and cytokines of dendritic cells harvested from cord blood.
abstract: The gut microbiota may be important in the postnatal development of the immune system and hence may influence the prevalence of atopic diseases. Bifidobacteria are the most numerous bacteria in the guts of infants, and the presence or absence of certain species could be important in determining the geographic incidence of atopic diseases. We compared the fecal populations of bifidobacteria from children aged 25 to 35 days in Ghana (which has a low prevalence of atopy), New Zealand, and the United Kingdom (high-prevalence countries). Natal origin influenced the detection of bifidobacterial species in that fecal samples from Ghana almost all contained Bifidobacterium infantis whereas those of the other children did not. Choosing species on the basis of our bacteriological results, we tested bifidobacterial preparations for their effects on cell surface markers and cytokine production by dendritic cells harvested from cord blood. Species-specific effects on the expression of the dendritic-cell activation marker CD83 and the production of interleukin-10 (IL-10) were observed. Whereas CD83 expression was increased and IL-10 production was induced by Bifidobacterium bifidum, Bifidobacterium longum, and Bifidobacterium pseudocatenulatum, B. infantis failed to produce these effects. We concluded that B. infantis does not trigger the activation of dendritic cells to the degree necessary to initiate an immune response but that B. bifidum, B. longum, and B. pseudocatenulatum induce a Th2-driven immune response. A hypothesis is presented to link our observations to the prevalence of atopic diseases in different countries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Sarah L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Mary A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: Margaret A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Baird
authors.forename: Gerald W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Tannock
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bibiloni
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Spencely
authors.forename: Juliette M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.forename: Penny
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fitzharris
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Crane
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Town
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Addo-Yobo
authors.forename: Clare S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: Ashley
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Woodcock
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD; D039941:Bifidobacteriales Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000276:immunology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D015995:Prevalence; D000097802:CD83 Antigen
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D016753:Interleukin-10; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D000097802:CD83 Antigen