title: Regression of coronary atherosclerosis by simvastatin: a serial intravascular ultrasound study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Angiography of the coronary arteries reflects only changes in luminal dimensions. With intravascular ultrasound, cross-sectional images can be obtained and area measurements can be added to calculate volumes of the external elastic membrane (EEM), plaque plus media (P+M), and lumen. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of lipid lowering by simvastatin on coronary atherosclerotic P+M as changes in volumes of EEM, P+M, and lumen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 40 male patients with hypercholesterolemia, ischemic heart disease, and a nonsignificant coronary artery lesion in a not previously revascularized coronary artery, serial intravascular ultrasound studies with an ECG-triggered pullback were performed at baseline, after 3 months on a lipid-lowering diet, and after another 12 months on simvastatin 40 mg/d. Mean length of the analyzed atherosclerotic segments was 5.9+/-3.3 mm. After 12 months on simvastatin, a significant reduction in P+M volume of 6.3% (P=0.002) was observed, whereas only a nonsignificant reduction in EEM volume of 1.8% was seen without any concomitant change in lumen volume. A significant reduction in total cholesterol of 31.0% (6.1+/-0.8 versus 4.2+/-0.7 mmol/L, P<0.001) and LDL cholesterol of 42.6% (4.0+/-0.8 versus 2.2+/-0.6 mmol/L, P<0.001) was obtained.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lipid-lowering therapy with simvastatin for 12 months is associated with a significant P+M regression in coronary arteries measured as reduction in P+M and EEM volumes without any concomitant change in lumen volume.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Catheterization Laboratorium, Odense University Hospital, Odense, Denmark. okkels@dadlnet.dk
authors.forename: Lisette Okkels
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thayssen
authors.forename: Knud Erik
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: Steen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stender
authors.forename: Torben
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Haghfelt
mesh_terms: D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D008055:Lipids; D019821:Simvastatin