title: Tempo dependence of middle- and long-latency auditory responses: power and phase modulation of the EEG at multiple time-scales.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We measured the influences of power and phase modulations of neuroelectric activity on auditory responses to pure-tone patterns with inter-onset intervals typical of music.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tones were presented to 8 subjects at 10 different tempos from 150 to 3125 ms and with random intervals. We quantified time-frequency (TF) power with respect to a pre-tone-onset baseline and the TF phase coherence across trials. Peak-to-peak event-related potential (ERP) amplitude values for the middle and long-latency auditory responses were obtained for comparison.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ERP amplitude, size of power modulation, and amount of phase coherence were larger at slower tempos for the long-latency response (LLR) but not for the middle-latency response (MLR). Multiple regression analysis indicated that for MLR and LLR, phase modulation was a better predictor of ERP amplitude than power modulation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Phase modulation is a better predictor of ERP amplitude than power modulation for middle and long-latency auditory responses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lack of diminution of the MLR at fast tempos indicates its usefulness for studying early cortical processing of music and speech patterns.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA. jsnyder@rotman-baycrest.on.ca
authors.forename: Joel S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Snyder
authors.forename: Edward W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Large
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000379:methods*; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013997:Time Factors