title: Nipple discharge and the value of MR imaging.
abstract: Nipple discharge is common, and is associated with a malignancy in 5-20% of cases. Physical examination and the colour or clarity are of importance. Cytology and galactography have little value in the evaluation of nipple discharge. Age is considered one of the most important risk factors for breast cancer. We describe the valuable contribution of magnetic resonance imaging in evaluating an elderly patient with nipple discharge where clinical and mammography examinations were negative.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology and Gynaecological Oncology, University Multidisciplinary Breast Clinic Antwerpen, Wilrijkstraat 10, 2650 Edegem, Belgium. wiebren.tjalma@uza.be
authors.forename: Wiebren A A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Tjalma
authors.forename: Inge O J
authors.initials: IO
authors.lastname: Verslegers
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D001940:Breast / Q000473:pathology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005122:Exudates and Transudates; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D015411:Mastectomy, Modified Radical; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009558:Nipples / Q000378:metabolism*