title: Detection of clone-specific immunoglobulin heavy chain genes in the bone marrow of B-cell-lineage lymphoma after treatment.
abstract: In order to determine the appropriate treatment of malignant lymphoma, it is important to know the degree to which extra-nodal invasion of lymphoma cells has occurred. We amplified complementarity-determining region (CDR) III genes in 64% of lymph node samples at the onset or relapse of B-cell-lineage non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL) in 22 patients. By using a clone-specific CDR III probe in each patient, we were able to detect minimal residual disease (MRD) of lymphoma cells in the bone marrow and/or blood in 9 out of 14 cases (64.2%) at the onset of the disease or relapse, whereas abnormal cells in the bone marrow and/or blood were identified by routine morphological analysis in only 4 out of 22 cases (18.2%). This indicates that extranodal invasion of malignant cells may be common in patients with NHL. In some cases, the clone-specific CDR III gene was still expressed in the samples of bone marrow and/or peripheral blood even after chemotherapy, when other markers associated with NHL were no longer expressed. Five out of six cases in this group had a worse outcome associated with NHL. On the other hand, most of the cases whose clone-specific CDR III gene was no longer expressed in the bone marrow and/or in circulation after treatment had a relatively fair prognosis. These results indicate that the detection at molecular level of MRD in extranodal organs may prove useful as a predictor of prognosis for NHL.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Diagnostics, Tohoku University, School of Medicine, Sendai.
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoshino
authors.forename: Tadao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Funato
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Munakata
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Shori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishizawa
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ichinohasama
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kameoka
authors.forename: Kuniaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Meguro
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D022801:Complementarity Determining Regions / Q000235:genetics; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005803:Genes, Immunoglobulin / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018365:Neoplasm, Residual / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011379:Prognosis; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D022801:Complementarity Determining Regions; D004247:DNA