title: Hyperthyroidism during lithium therapy for depression.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report three cases of hyperthyroidism encountered within a period of 32 months in patients receiving lithium therapy for depression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three detailed case reports are presented, and the related literature is discussed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although hypothyroidism during lithium therapy is well recognized and documented, appearance of cases of hyperthyroidism during lithium therapy is considered uncommon. The antithyroid effect of lithium through inhibition of generation of cyclic adenosine monophosphate tends to mask the underlying hyperthyroidism. Nevertheless, during a 32-month period, three cases of hyperthyroidism were encountered in patients who had received lithium treatment (900 to 1,200 mg/day) for 7 months to 17 years. These patients had symptoms of heat intolerance, palpitations, and tremor, and they were subsequently treated successfully with radioactive iodine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most likely, cases of hyperthyroidism that occur during lithium therapy may be under-diagnosed, underreported, or both.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Dwarakanathan