title: International policy failures: cloning and stem-cell research.
abstract: In late 2003, two international bodies were unable to resolve disagreements that involved bioethical issues. First, the United Nations General Assembly failed to pass a treaty on reproductive cloning because of insistence by some countries that the treaty include a ban on cloning for research. In view of the importance of enacting prohibition of reproductive cloning, the two issues should be separated and each argued on its own merits. Relevant objections to separation of the two issues can be refuted. Second, the European Union (EU) failed to agree on conditions for funding stem-cell research because of the diversity of views and policies of the countries of the EU. Because a stalemate was reached, funding decisions in the next programme cycle will be made on an ad hoc basis. Scientists will not have information they need to plan research programmes, suggesting that clear guidelines, even if restrictive, are preferable to vague unpublicised criteria.
authors.affiliation: Center for Bioethics, University of Minnesota, Suite N504 Boynton, 410 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455-0346, USA. tauer007@umn.edu
authors.forename: Carol A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Tauer
mesh_terms: D019976:Cloning, Organism; D033041:Embryo Research; D004989:Ethics; D005062:European Union; D006801:Humans; D011640:Public Policy; D012109:Research Support as Topic; D013234:Stem Cells; D014480:United Nations; D014481:United States