title: Serum total and lipoprotein cholesterol levels and awareness, treatment, and control of hypercholesterolemia in China.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiovascular disease has become the leading cause of death in China. We examined the levels of serum total and lipoprotein cholesterol and status of awareness, treatment, and control of hypercholesterolemia in China.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A cross-sectional survey in a nationally representative sample of 15,540 Chinese adults 35 to 74 years of age was conducted during 2000 to 2001. Serum cholesterol was measured by use of standard methods, and information on treatment of hyperlipidemia was obtained by use of a standard questionnaire. Age-standardized mean levels of total, HDL, and LDL cholesterol and triglycerides were 186.1, 51.7, 109.5, and 128.1 mg/dL, respectively. Of the Chinese population 35 to 74 years of age, 23.8% (112,500000 persons) had borderline high total cholesterol (200 to 239 mg/dL), and 9.0% (42,540000 persons) had high total cholesterol (> or =240 mg/dL). The population estimates for borderline high (130 to 159 mg/dL), high (160 to 189 mg/dL), and very high (> or =190 mg/dL) LDL cholesterol were 17.0% (80,122000 persons), 5.1% (24,329000 persons), and 2.7% (12,822000 persons), respectively. In addition, 19.2%, or 90 803 000 persons, had a low HDL cholesterol (<40 mg/dL). Among those who had a total cholesterol > or =200 mg/dL or who were on cholesterol-lowering medications, the proportion of men and women who were aware, treated, and controlled was only 8.8% and 7.5%, 3.5% and 3.4%, and 1.9% and 1.5%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of hypercholesterolemia was relatively high and the percentage of adults with controlled blood cholesterol was low in China. Prevention and treatment of hypercholesterolemia should be an important component of a national strategy to reduce the substantial and increasing burden of cardiovascular disease in China.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1430 Tulane Ave SL18, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. jhe@tulane.edu
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Dongfeng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Kristi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: Xigui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Muntner
authors.forename: Jiangong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Donghai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jingping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.forename: Paul K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Whelton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D000529:Complementary Therapies / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012494:Sampling Studies; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol