title: Pointing out of the picture.
abstract: The eyes of portrayed people are often noticed to 'follow you' when you move with respect to a flat painting or photograph. We investigated this well-known effect through extensive measurements of pictorial relief and apparent orientation of the picture surface for a number of viewing conditions, including frontal and oblique views. We conclude that cases of both oblique and frontal viewing are very similar in that perception simply follows what is indicated by the proximal stimulus, even though this may imply that the (perceived) physical and pictorial spaces segregate. The effect of foreshortening then causes an apparent narrowing of pictorial objects. We find no evidence for any 'correction' mechanisms that might be specifically active in oblique viewing conditions.
authors.affiliation: Buys Ballot Laboratory, University of Utrecht, Princetonplein 5, PO Box 80000, NL 3508 TA, Utrecht, The Netherlands. j.j.koenderink@phys.uu.nl
authors.forename: Jan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Koenderink
authors.forename: Andrea J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: van Doorn
authors.forename: Astrid M L
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kappers
authors.forename: James T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Todd
mesh_terms: D003867:Depth Perception; D005133:Eye Movements; D006801:Humans; D009039:Motion Perception; D009903:Optical Illusions; D009949:Orientation; D010151:Paintings; D011601:Psychophysics