title: Fresh Israeli Jaffa blond (Shamouti) orange and Israeli Jaffa red Star Ruby (Sunrise) grapefruit juices affect plasma lipid metabolism and antioxidant capacity in rats fed added cholesterol.
abstract: The bioactivity of Israeli Jaffa blond (Shamouti) fresh orange and Israeli Jaffa red Star Ruby (Sunrise) grapefruit juices was investigated in vitro and in vivo. The contents of bioactive compounds of these juices were determined. The influence of bioactive compounds on plasma lipids and plasma antioxidant activity in rats fed cholesterol-containing and cholesterol-free diets was assessed. Significant differences in the contents of dietary fibers were not found. The contents of total polyphenols, flavonoids, and anthocyanins in fresh orange and grapefruit juices were 962.1 +/- 27.2 and 906.9 +/- 27.1; 50.1 +/- 3.3 and 44.8 +/- 3.2; and 69.9 +/- 5.6 and 68.7 +/- 5.5 microg/mL, respectively. The antioxidant potential measured by the scavenging activity against nitric oxide, the beta-carotene-linoleate model system (beta-carotene), and the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl and 2,2'-azino-bis(3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) diamonium salt assays was higher in orange juice but not significantly. A high level of correlation between contents of total polyphenols and flavonoids and antioxidant potential values of both juices was found. Diets supplemented with orange and to a lesser degree with grapefruit juices improved plasma lipid metabolism only in rats fed added cholesterol. However, an increase in the plasma antioxidant activity was observed in both groups. In conclusion, fresh orange and grapefruit juices contain high quantities of bioactive compounds, which guarantee their high antioxidant potential, and the positive influence on plasma lipid metabolism and plasma antioxidant activity could make fresh orange and grapefruit juices a valuable supplement for disease-preventing diets.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, 91120 Jerusalem, Israel. gorin@cc.huji.ac.il
authors.forename: Shela
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gorinstein
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Leontowicz
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leontowicz
authors.forename: Ryszard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Krzeminski
authors.forename: Mikolaj
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gralak
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Martin-Belloso
authors.forename: Efren
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Delgado-Licon
authors.forename: Ratiporn
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haruenkit
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Katrich
authors.forename: Yong-Seo
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Soon-Teck
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Trakhtenberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D001628:Beverages / Q000032:analysis*; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D032083:Citrus paradisi / Q000737:chemistry*; D032084:Citrus sinensis / Q000737:chemistry*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000032:analysis; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry; D007700:Kinetics; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D059808:Polyphenols; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D008055:Lipids; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols