Anticancer and antiviral activities of Youngia japonica (L.) DC (Asteraceae, Compositae).
Aqueous and ethanol extracts of Youngia japonica (also known as Oriental hawksbeard) were tested in vitro for anti-tumor activity against three cell lines, human promyelocytic leukaemia (HL-60), human myelogenous leukaemia (chronic K-562) and mouse Sarcoma 180 (S-180), and for antiviral activity against respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), influenza A virus (Flu A) and herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) by cytopathic effect (CPE) reduction assay. Hot water extract of Youngia japonica inhibited cell proliferation and growth of all cancer cell lines to various extent. K-562 cells were the most sensitive to the extract whereas S-180 cells were the least. It did not show any significant cytotoxic effects on normal mammalian Vero cells up to the concentration of 450 microg/mL. The ethanol extract of whole plant of Youngia japonica exhibited antiviral activity against RSV cultured in HEp-2 cells, but did not have any activity against Flu A and HSV-1. Two partially purified fractions (Fr.10 and Fr.11) from the 95% ethanol extract exhibited significant anti-RSV with 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) in the range of 3.0-6.0 microg/mL. The ratio of the viral titer reduction in the absence (viral control) and presence of the maximal non-cytotoxic concentration (MNCC) of the Fr.10 and Fr.11 was both estimated to be 1 x 10(4) (RF, viral titer reduction factors), indicating that their anti-RSV activity was high enough to justify for further analysis. Our preliminary analysis showed that the antiviral ingredients were likely to contain phenolic compounds including tannins by chemical tests.
Ooi
Linda S M
LS
Department of Biology, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, NT.
Wang
Hua
H
Luk
Choi-Wan
CW
Ooi
Vincent E C
VE
D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019659:Asteraceae; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D012136:Respiratory Syncytial Viruses / Q000187:drug effects; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts