title: Hand-assisted laparoscopic approach to simple nephrectomy.
abstract: Laparoscopic nephrectomy is commonly employed today for both malignant and benign renal conditions, yet the learning curve for all but the simplest procedures remains quite steep. Hand-assisted laparoscopic nephrectomy (HALN) bridges the gap between standard laparoscopy and open surgery, allowing urologists to develop laparoscopic skills while offering the advantages of minimally invasive surgery. Simple laparoscopic nephrectomy, performed for benign disorders, can at times prove to be challenging because of inflammation around the renal hilum. Meticulous dissection during HALN utilizing the intra-abdominal hand for tactile feedback, retraction, and blunt dissection may improve one's capabilities compared with the standard laparoscopic approach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Naval Medical Center, San Diego, California, USA.
authors.forename: Brian K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Auge
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Albala
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011187:Posture; D011300:Preoperative Care