title: Failed back surgery: etiology and diagnostic evaluation.
authors.forename: Laxmaiah
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Manchikanti
authors.forename: Vijay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007268:Injections, Epidural; D007796:Laminectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome