title: Is cerebral angiography redundant in undetermined cause of stroke in patients below 50 years when the stroke is lacunar?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the diagnostic work-up of young stroke patients angiography is still considered as mandatory to identify otherwise undetected causes of stroke. We hypothesized that stroke cause is more heterogeneous among patients with a territorial infarct, whereas in lacunar stroke it is generally small vessel disease. Therefore, angiography yields more often a specific stroke cause in territorial than in lacunar infarct patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Angiograms of 39 lacunar and 41 territorial brain infarct patients, aged between 14 and 51 years, and who had unexplained stroke cause, were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1 of the 39 lacunar (3%), and 18 of the 41 territorial stroke patients (44%) had abnormal angiogram: odds ratio 0.03, 95% confidence interval: 0.01-0.017. The predictive value of lacunar stroke for a normal angiogram was 97%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When undetermined cause of stroke in young patients is lacunar, it is highly predictive for a normal angiogram. Our data may be of value in deciding on performing angiography in individual young stroke patients, depending on whether the stroke is territorial or lacunar.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospital Maastricht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Jong
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lodder
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Luijckx
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D020520:Brain Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D002533:Cerebral Angiography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020521:Stroke / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed