title: Erectile dysfunction in hemodialysis patients with diabetes mellitus: association with age and hemoglobin A1c levels.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Erectile dysfunction (ED) is common in patients with diabetes mellitus (DM) as well as those undergoing hemodialysis (HD). The purpose of this study is to investigate the frequency and severity of ED in HD patients with DM and those without DM. In addition, we examined the relationship between erectile function and several risk factors, including presence of DM and hemoglobin A1c levels in HD patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study involved 180 patients on HD, including 66 HD patients with DM (DM-HD) and 114 patients without DM (non-DM-HD). We evaluated erectile function using an abridged five-item version of the international index of erectile function (IIEF-5). Logistic regression analysis was used to investigate the relationship between presence of ED and several risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total score of IIEF-5 in DM-HD patients (9.5 +/- 4.2) was significantly lower than in non-DM-HD patients (13.5 +/- 5.7). The prevalence of severe ED was 42.4% and 18.4% in DM-HD patients and non-DM-HD patients, respectively. Age, cardiovascular disease history, and DM were identified as independent risk factors for the presence of ED. Furthermore, age and elevated hemoglobin A1c levels were identified as independent risk factors for the presence of severe ED.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DM-HD patients are more likely to have ED, and particularly severe forms of ED, than non-DM-HD patients. DM and elevated hemoglobin A1c levels were associated with the presence of ED or severe ED, respectively. Aging was identified as an independent factor in both ED and severe ED.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Nagasaki University School of Medicine, Sakamoto, Nagasaki city, Japan. int.doc.miya@m3.dion.ne.jp
authors.forename: Yasuyoshi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shindo
authors.forename: Fukuzo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Matsuya
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishikido
authors.forename: Shigehiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kanetake
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications*; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin