Therapeutic approach of patients with IgA nephropathy.
Immunoglobulin A nephropathy (IgAN) is the most commonly encountered primary glomerulonephritis and it usually follows an indolent clinical course. However, hypertensive patients with proteinuria and renal insufficiency at presentation and patients with severe histological involvement are at high risk to develop end stage renal failure. There is no consensus for the treatment of patients with IgA nephropathy. In general, patients with normal renal function, mild proteinuria (<I g/24 h) and mild histopathological involvement need only observation, whereas patients with heavy proteinuria, impaired renal function and moderate to severe histopathological involvement are candidates for specific treatment. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors are used in patients with arterial hypertension and/or proteinuria 1-2 g/24 h. Corticosteroids are indicated in patients with heavy proteinuria (>3 g/24 h) and in progressive disease despite treatment with ACE inhibitors. Fish oil might be an alternative to corticosteroids in cases with renal insufficiency and chronic histological lesions. Combinations of corticosteroids and cytotoxic drugs are saved for patients with IgA nephropathy and a rapidly progressive course.
Goumenos
Dimitrios S
DS
Department of Internal Medicine--Nephrology, University Hospital, Patras, Greece. dgoumenos@med.upatras.gr
Brown
Colin B
CB
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005922:Glomerulonephritis, IGA / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D005395:Fish Oils; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents