[Contrast agents in MRT. Substance, effects, pharmacology and validity].
The use of intravenous contrast agents in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) has become well established clinical practice. Contrast agents provide additional information in many applications. Gadolinium chelates constitute the largest group of MR contrast agents and are considered to be safe. Different groups of contrast agents are established for clinical application: low concentrated gadolinium chelates, high concentrated gadolinium chelates, superparamagnetic iron oxide particles and hepatobiliary contrast agents. The review discusses the clinical applications and the safety issues involved with administration of intravenous contrast agents in MR imaging. Several approaches of intravascular or blood pool agents are also presented.
Zentralinstitut für Bildgebende Diagnostik, Klinikum Karlsruhe. Peter.Reimer@klinik.uni-karlsruhe.de
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D000707:Anaphylaxis / Q000139:chemically induced; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology; D005290:Ferric Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D008280:Magnetics; D010346:Patient Care Management / Q000379:methods*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic
D002614:Chelating Agents; D003287:Contrast Media; D005290:Ferric Compounds; C000499:ferric oxide; D005682:Gadolinium; C038958:gadolinium chloride