Social determinants of health: implications for environmental health promotion.
In this article, the authors draw on the disciplines of sociology and environmental and social epidemiology to further understanding of mechanisms through which social factors contribute to disparate environmental exposures and health inequalities. They propose a conceptual framework for environmental health promotion that considers dynamic social processes through which social and environmental inequalities--and associated health disparities--are produced, reproduced, and potentially transformed. Using empirical evidence from the published literature, as well as their own practical experiences in conducting community-based participatory research in Detroit and Harlem, the authors examine health promotion interventions at various levels (community-wide, regional, and national) that aim to improve population health by addressing various aspects of social processes and/or physical environments. Finally, they recommend moving beyond environmental remediation strategies toward environmental health promotion efforts that are sustainable and explicitly designed to reduce social, environmental, and health inequalities.
Schulz
Amy
A
Department of Health Behavior and Health Education, University of Michigan, School of Public Health, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-2029, USA. ajschulz@umich.edu
Northridge
Mary E
ME
D018672:Community Health Planning / Q000379:methods; D004782:Environmental Health; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D012931:Social Environment; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications; D014504:Urban Health
D004785:Environmental Pollutants