Role of surfactant protein A in the innate host defense and autoimmunity.
Surfactant protein A (SP-A) is a lung collectin with diverse immunoregulatory activities. SP-A regulates the innate host defense by enhancing phagocytosis of pathogens and modulating the production of nitric oxide and cytokines by immune cells. Additionally, SP-A also modulates the phenotypic and functional properties of the cells of adaptive immune response such as dendritic cells (DCs) and lymphocytes. Bone marrow-derived DCs generated in the presence of SP-A fail to increase lipopolysaccharide-induced upregulation of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II and CD86 costimulatory molecule on DCs surface and behaves like "tolerogenic DCs". SP-A may also induce tolerance by suppressing the proliferation of activated T lymphocytes. Thus, based on immunoregulatory properties of SP-A, it may be employed as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of autoimmune disease and organ transplantation.
Hussain
Shabbir
S
Autoimmunity/Diabetes Group, Robarts Research Institute, 107 SDRI. 1400 Western Road, London, ON, Canada. shussain@robarts.ca
D000818:Animals; D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000276:immunology*; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D037662:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A / Q000172:deficiency / Q000276:immunology*
D037662:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A