Granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor and interleukin-4-induced dendritic cells.
BACKGROUND
We investigated whether GM-CSF/IL-4 is the most efficient cytokine combination for differentiating dendritic cells (DC) in terms of its ability to elicit an antitumor immune response.


METHODS
Two experimental models were examined: C57BL/6 mice bearing MC38 cells and Balb/c mice bearing cachexia-inducible Colon-26 cells. After immunization with DC pulsed with whole tumor cell lysate, tumors were inoculated into the subcutis.


RESULTS
C57BL/6 mice immunized with lysate-pulsed DC effectively rejected the MC38 challenge and detectable MC38-specific cytotoxic lymphocytes (CTL) were observed. However, even those groups immunized with lysate-pulsed DC exhibited no protective immunity against Colon-26 challenge in Balb/c mice. Unexpectedly, mice inoculated with lysate-unpulsed DC showed an acceleration of cachectic progression (p=0.031) compared to control mice.


CONCLUSIONS
We speculate that GM-CSF/IL-4-induced DC promotes Th2-dominated immunity in Balb/c mice. Consideration might be given to which combination of cytokines is appropriate for the ex vivo differentiation of DC in tumor immunotherapy.
Hikino
Hajime
H
Department of Surgery, Omiya Medical Center, Jichi Medical School, 1-847Amanuma-cho, Omiya-ku, Saitama, Saitama, 330-8503, Japan. hikino@spch.izumo.shimane.jp
Kasono
Keizo
K
Kanzaki
Masaki
M
Kai
Toshihiro
T
Konishi
Fumio
F
Kawakami
Masanobu
M
D000818:Animals; D002100:Cachexia / Q000209:etiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive / Q000379:methods*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology
D015847:Interleukin-4; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor