Gain- and loss-of-function in chick embryos by electroporation.
It remained very difficult to manipulate gene expression in chick embryos until the advent of in ovo electroporation which enabled the induction of both gain-of-function, and recently loss-of-function, of a gene of interest at a specific developmental stage. Gain-of-function by electroporation is so effective that it has become widely adopted in developmental studies in the chick. Recently, it became possible to induce loss-of-function by introducing an siRNA expression vector by electroporation. In this review, the methods of electroporation for gain-of-function and for loss-of-function by siRNA are discussed.
Nakamura
Harukazu
H
Department of Molecular Neurobiology, Graduate School of Life Sciences, and Institute of Development, Aging & Cancer, Tohoku University, Seiryo-machi 4-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8575, Japan. nakamura@idac.tohoku.ac.jp
Katahira
Tatsuya
T
Sato
Tatsuya
T
Watanabe
Yuji
Y
Funahashi
Jun-Ichi
J
D000818:Animals; D002642:Chick Embryo; D018274:Electroporation; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering
D034741:RNA, Small Interfering