Biological monitoring of exposure to chlorpyrifos-methyl by assay of urinary alkylphosphates and 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol.
The results of biological monitoring by assay of urinary 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol and alkylphosphates (DMP, DMTP) in groups of 9 and 2 workers exposed to chlorpyrifos-methyl during vine spraying and manual leaf thinning 5-11 d after spraying, respectively, are reported. The results are compared with those of a control group of 46 subjects not occupationally exposed to organophosphate insecticides. Significantly higher urinary excretion of metabolites (Mann-Whitney U-test) was found in both groups than in controls. Levels of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol (mean +/- SD) were 15.9 + 10.6 nmol/g creatinine (n = 33) for controls, 92.4 + 162.5 nmol/g creatinine (n = 20) for manual workers, and 675.5 + 1110.8 nmol/g creatinine (n = 48) for workers spraying and mixing the insecticide. Levels of DMP (mean +/- SD) were 63.8 + 100.1 nmol/g creatinine (n = 42), 123.0 + 79.0 nmol/g creatinine (n = 20), and 577.2 + 1003.2 nmol/g creatinine (n = 61), respectively, for the same 3 groups. Levels of DMTP (mean +/- SD) were 153.4 + 164.4 nmol/g creatinine (n = 43), 489.3 + 288.3 nmol/g creatinine (n = 20), and 297.6 + 215.4 nmol/g creatinine (n = 61), respectively, for the same 3 groups. Good correlations were found between urinary excretion of 3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol and DMP (r = .776 for manual workers; r = .775 for workers mixing and spraying the insecticide) or DMTP (r = .558 and r = .746, respectively for the same 2 groups). The peak of excretion of the three metabolites was found in urine samples collected the night after the spraying or leaf thinning operations.
Aprea
C
C
Institute of Occupational Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, Italy.
Sciarra
G
G
Sartorelli
P
P
Sartorelli
E
E
Strambi
F
F
Farina
G A
GA
Fattorini
A
A
D000383:Agriculture; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002802:Cholinesterases / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000652:urine*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis; D011728:Pyridones / Q000652:urine*
D007306:Insecticides; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D011728:Pyridones; C012587:3,5,6-trichloro-2-pyridinol; D002802:Cholinesterases; D004390:Chlorpyrifos; C007031:chlorpyrifos-methyl