Thiocapsa marina sp. nov., a novel, okenone-containing, purple sulfur bacterium isolated from brackish coastal and marine environments.
Four marine, phototrophic, purple sulfur bacteria (strains 5811T, 5812, BM-3 and BS-1) were isolated in pure culture from different brackish to marine sediments in the Mediterranean Sea, the White Sea and the Black Sea. Single cells of these strains were coccus-shaped, non-motile and did not contain gas vesicles. The colour of cell suspensions that were grown in the light was purple-red. Bacteriochlorophyll a and carotenoids of the okenone series were present as photosynthetic pigments. Photosynthetic membrane systems were of the vesicular type. Hydrogen sulfide, thiosulfate, elemental sulfur and molecular hydrogen were used as electron donors during photolithotrophic growth under anoxic conditions; carbon dioxide was utilized as the carbon source. During growth on sulfide, elemental sulfur globules were stored inside the cells. In the presence of hydrogen sulfide, several organic substances could be photoassimilated. Comparative 16S rDNA sequence analysis revealed an affiliation of these four strains to the genus Thiocapsa. Both phylogenetic analysis and the results of DNA-DNA hybridization studies revealed that these strains formed a separate cluster within the genus Thiocapsa. Thus, according to phenotypic characteristics and mainly the carotenoid composition, 16S rDNA sequence analysis and DNA-DNA hybridization data, it is proposed that these strains should be classified as a novel species, Thiocapsa marina sp. nov., with strain 5811T (=DSM 5653T=ATCC 43172T) as the type strain.
Caumette
Pierre
P
Laboratoire d'Ecologie Moléculaire, EA 3525, IBEAS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, BP1155, F-64013 Pau Cedex, France.
Guyoneaud
Remy
R
Laboratoire d'Ecologie Moléculaire, EA 3525, IBEAS, Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour, BP1155, F-64013 Pau Cedex, France.
Imhoff
Johannes F
JF
Institut für Meereskunde an der Universität Kiel, Abteilung Marine Mikrobiologie, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
Süling
Jörg
J
Institut für Meereskunde an der Universität Kiel, Abteilung Marine Mikrobiologie, Düsternbrooker Weg 20, D-24105 Kiel, Germany.
Gorlenko
Vladimir
V
Institute of Microbiology, Russian Academy of Sciences, pr. 60-letiya Oktyabrya 7 k. 2, 117312 Moscow, Russia.
D000693:Anaerobiosis; D025541:Bacteriochlorophyll A / Q000032:analysis; D001482:Base Composition; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000032:analysis; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000382:microbiology; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009068:Movement; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013455:Sulfur / Q000378:metabolism; D020586:Thiocapsa / Q000145:classification* / Q000166:cytology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D013885:Thiosulfates / Q000378:metabolism; D014871:Water Microbiology
D025541:Bacteriochlorophyll A; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D013885:Thiosulfates; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002338:Carotenoids; D013455:Sulfur; D006859:Hydrogen; D006862:Hydrogen Sulfide