Progress towards the use of Listeria monocytogenes as a live bacterial vaccine vector for the delivery of HIV antigens.
Listeria monocytogenes is a facultative intracellular bacterium that enters the cell by phagocytosis after which it colonizes the cytosol of the host cell. It is thus a potent vaccine vector for the presentation of passenger antigens to the major histocompatability complex class II and class I pathways of antigen processing and presentation. This article shall review the progress made in developing this unusual bacterium as a vaccine vector. In mouse models, recombinant Listeria carrying a number of different antigens have been shown to provide protective immunity against infectious organisms and therapeutic immunity directed towards tumor-associated antigens. Listeria has been engineered to express a number of HIV/SIV antigens. Measurements of immune responses using these recombinant strains in the mouse, after oral and parenteral immunization, and in the rhesus macaque after oral immunization indicate that strong cell-mediated immunity can be induced against these antigens. This review also discusses safety issues associated with live bacterial vaccine vectors and problems to be overcome in developing Listeria as a HIV vaccine for human use.
Paterson
Yvonne
Y
University of Pennsylvania, 323 Johnson Pavilion, 36th St. and Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, PA 19104-6076, USA. yvonne@mail.med.upenn.edu
Johnson
Ross S
RS
D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D015488:HIV Antigens / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015488:HIV Antigens