Prevalence of lens opacities in Latinos: the Los Angeles Latino Eye Study.
OBJECTIVE
To estimate the age- and gender-specific prevalence of posterior subcapsular (PSC), nuclear, cortical, and mixed lens opacities in a population-based sample of Latinos 40 years and older.


METHODS
Population-based, cross-sectional study.


METHODS
Six thousand three hundred fifty-seven Latinos 40 years and older from 6 census tracts in Los Angeles, California.


METHODS
A population-based sample of Latinos underwent a complete eye examination, including assessment of presence and severity of lens opacification, using the slit lamp-based Lens Opacities Classification System II (LOCS II). All lens changes (including pseudophakia/aphakia); any nuclear, PSC, and cortical opacities; and nuclear-only, PSC-only, and cortical-only opacities were evaluated. Frequency distributions and chi-square test analyses were used to determine the age- and gender-specific prevalences for each opacity type.


METHODS
Prevalences of cortical, nuclear, and posterior subcapsular opacities.


RESULTS
Of the 7789 eligible subjects, 6357 completed a clinical examination (82% participation rate). Of all participants with LOCS II grading, 20% had all lens changes, 7.6% had cortical-only opacities, 3.5% had nuclear-only opacities, 0.4% had PSC-only opacities, and 5.9% had mixed-type opacities. The prevalence of all types of lens opacities increased with age (P<0.0001). Of all participants with mixed opacities, 49% had monocular visual impairment and 20% had binocular impairment. Of all 6357 participants, 3.9% had undergone cataract extraction in at least one eye.


CONCLUSIONS
Our data provide the first population-based estimates of the prevalence and severity of lens opacities in Latinos. Cortical opacities were the most common type. The high rate of visual impairment from lens opacities suggests that programs that increase access to cataract surgery for older Latinos could help to reduce the burden of visual impairment in the United States.
Doheny Eye Institute and Department of Ophthalmology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, 90033, USA. rvarma@usc.edu
Rohit
R
Varma
Mina
M
Torres
D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002386:Cataract / Q000145:classification / Q000208:ethnology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D015141:Los Angeles / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000208:ethnology; D019987:Persons with Visual Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data