EGFR-induced cell migration is mediated predominantly by the JAK-STAT pathway in primary esophageal keratinocytes.
The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) activates several signaling cascades in response to epidermal growth factor stimulation. One of these signaling events involves tyrosine phosphorylation of signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT), whereas another involves activation of the phosphatidylinositol 3-OH kinase pathway. Two possibilities for STAT activation exist: a janus kinase (JAK)-dependent and a JAK-independent mechanism. Herein, we demonstrate that EGFR overexpression in primary esophageal keratinocytes activates STAT in a JAK-dependent fashion with the functional consequence of enhanced cell migration, which can be abolished by use of a JAK-specific inhibitor, AG-490. We determined the mechanisms underlying the signal transduction pathway responsible for increased cell migration. Stimulation of EGFR induces Tyr701 phosphorylation of STAT1 and initiates complex formation of STAT1 and STAT3 with JAK1 and JAK2. Thereafter, the STATs translocate to the nucleus within 15 min. In addition, we found that activation of this signaling pathway results in matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) activity. By contrast, Akt activation does not impact the EGFR-STATs-JAKs complex formation and nuclear translocation of the STATs with subsequent MMP-1 activity, although Akt activation may contribute to cell migration through an independent mechanism. Taken together, we find that the recruitment of the STAT-JAK complex by EGFR is responsible for keratinocyte migration that, in turn, might be mediated by MMP-1 activation.
Andl
Claudia D
CD
Gastroenterology Division, Department of Medicine, Abramson Cancer Center and Family Cancer Research Institute, University of Pennsylvania, 415 Curie Blvd., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Mizushima
Takaaki
T
Oyama
Kenji
K
Bowser
Mark
M
Nakagawa
Hiroshi
H
Rustgi
Anil K
AK
D019138:Antibodies, Blocking / Q000494:pharmacology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D004947:Esophagus / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000502:physiology; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D015534:Trans-Activators; D020032:Tyrphostins / Q000494:pharmacology
D019138:Antibodies, Blocking; D003094:Collagen; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D050796:STAT3 Transcription Factor; D015534:Trans-Activators; D020032:Tyrphostins; C494079:STAT1 protein, human; C494086:STAT3 protein, human; C095512:alpha-cyano-(3,4-dihydroxy)-N-benzylcinnamide; C494918:AKT1 protein, human