Heat shock protein-based cancer vaccines.
Heat shock proteins (HSPs) exist ubiquitously across all species and function as chaperones stabilizing and delivering peptides. Tumor-derived HSP-peptide complex has been known to induce immunity against the original tumor in preclinical studies. HSP-based vaccines work across tumor types and bypass the need for identifying the responsible peptide(s) for inducing immunity. These vaccines are tumor- and patient-specific in that they capture the tumor cells' fingerprints. HSP-based vaccines have been studied in early phase clinical trials, mostly using HSP glycoprotein 96, for various types of malignancies including melanoma, renal cell carcinoma, gastric cancer, pancreatic cancer, low-grade lymphoma, colorectal cancer and chronic myelogenous leukemia. All showed minimal toxicity and potential efficacy. Phase III studies for melanoma and renal cell carcinoma are ongoing. HSP-based vaccines are a novel vaccine preparation with a promising role in cancer management. Further studies to determine the administering strategy and specific indication are warranted.
Oki
Yasuhiro
Y
Department of Lymphoma and Myeloma, M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Younes
Anas
A
D000818:Animals; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016233:Immunotherapy, Active; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*
D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins