Survival of Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes in Kimchi.
The survival of gram-positive and gram-negative foodborne pathogens in both commercial and laboratory-prepared kimchi (a traditional fermented food widely consumed in Japan) was investigated. It was found that Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Enteritidis, Staphylococcus aureus, and Listeria monocytogenes could survive in both commercial and laboratory-prepared kimchi inoculated with these pathogens and incubated at 10 degrees C for 7 days. However, when incubation was prolonged, the S. aureus level decreased rapidly from the initial inoculum level to the minimum detectable level within 12 days, whereas Salmonella Enteritidis and L. monocytogenes took 16 days to reach similar levels in commercial kimchi. On the other hand, E. coli O157:H7 remained at high levels throughout the incubation period. For laboratory-prepared kimchi, the S. aureus level decreased rapidly from the initial inoculum level to the minimum detectable level within 12 days, and L. monocytogenes took 20 days to reach a similar level. E. coli O157:H7 and Salmonella Enteritidis remained at high levels throughout the incubation period. The results of this study suggest that the contamination of kimchi with E. coli O157:H7, Salmonella Enteritidis, S. aureus, or L. monocytogenes at any stage of production or marketing could pose a potential risk.
National Food Research Institute, Research Planning and Coordination Division, Food Hygiene Team, Kannondai-2-I-12, Tsukuba 305-8642, Japan. inatu@nfri.affrc.go.jp
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Inatsu
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Bari
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Kawasaki
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Isshiki
D001937:Brassica / Q000382:microbiology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D019453:Escherichia coli O157 / Q000254:growth & development*; D005285:Fermentation; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis; D005516:Food Microbiology; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000254:growth & development*; D012477:Salmonella enteritidis / Q000254:growth & development*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000254:growth & development*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors