Hemorrhagic stroke in chronic dialysis patients.
OBJECTIVE
This study was designed to retrospectively investigate the clinical profiles, disease course and management of hemorrhagic stroke in chronic dialysis patients. We emphasized on the factors affecting the prognosis.


METHODS
We retrospectively studied (January 1991-June 1999) the chronic dialysis patients who were admitted to our facility with a diagnosis of acute hemorrhagic stroke. The medical results were reviewed in detail and the clinical characteristics, laboratory data and management records of each individual were collected for analysis.


RESULTS
There were 16 patients analyzed in total, 9 males and 7 females. The average age was 59.4+/-13.3 years old. Before admission, 14 patients received chronic hemodialysis (HD) and two patients peritoneal dialysis (PD). The co-morbidities included hypertension (16/16), Diabetes Mellitus (DM) (9/16), previous cerebrovascular accidents (9/16) and hyperlipidemia (5/16). The locations of cerebral hemorrhage (CH) were: the putamen (6/16), brain stem (3/16), thalamus (3/16) and others (4/16). Among the 14 HD patients, 8 remained on HD after onset of CH, while 6 switched to PD. Those who received PD before their development of CH continued to perform PD. The overall mortality was 44% (7/16). One of the 8 patients who continued on HD died (mortality 12.5%). Among the 8 patients who received PD, 6 died (mortality 75%). Two patients who underwent surgical intervention also passed away. The major cause of death was neurological deterioration. The interval between the onset of CH and death was short (15+/-13 days, range 2-39 days).


CONCLUSIONS
The overall prognosis of CH in the chronic dialysis population is poor. Patients with lower hemoglobin levels upon presentation and those performing PD after CH may have even worse prognosis.
Pai
Mei-Fen
MF
Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine, Far Eastern Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, R.O.C.
Hsu
Shih-Ping
SP
Peng
Yu-Sen
YS
Hung
Kuan-Yu
KY
Tsai
Tun-Jun
TJ
D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008134:Long-Term Care; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011336:Probability; D011379:Prognosis; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017678:Sex Distribution; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016019:Survival Analysis