Comparative toxicity of oleic acid and linoleic acid on Jurkat cells.
BACKGROUND
Lipid emulsions for parenteral nutrition commercially available are mainly composed of long-chain triacylglycerol containing a high proportion of alpha-6 polyunsaturated fatty acids or alpha-9 monounsaturated fatty acids. The immunological impact of such therapy is particularly important because parenteral and enteral diets are often administered to critical ill patients. The comparative toxicity of oleic acid and linoleic acid on Jurkat cells, a human T lymphocyte cell line, and the type of cell death induced by these fatty acids were determined.


METHODS
Cell death was investigated by cytometry: decrease in cell volume, increase of granularity, DNA fragmentation, phosphatidylserine externalization, mitochondrial depolarization, lipid accumulation; by fluorescence microscopy: chromatin condensation and acridine orange/ethidium bromide assay; and by RT-PCR: mRNA expression of apoptotic genes.


RESULTS
Evidence is presented herein that oleic acid is much less toxic to Jurkat cells than linoleic acid. Both fatty acids promote apoptosis and necrosis of these cells. The mechanism of cell death induced by these fatty acids seem to involve with mitochondrial depolarization, lipid accumulation and the levels of C-MYC and P53 mRNA expression.


CONCLUSIONS
Therefore, oleic acid may offer an immunological less harmful alternative to linoleic acid for parenteral and enteral diets preparation.
Cury-Boaventura
Maria Fernanda
MF
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 1524, São Paulo CEP 05508-900, SP, Brazil. mafecury@fisio.icb.usp.br
Pompéia
Celine
C
Curi
Rui
R
D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000633:toxicity*; D009336:Necrosis; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000633:toxicity*; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors
D019301:Oleic Acid; D019787:Linoleic Acid