The cardiovascular risk of young women with polycystic ovary syndrome: an observational, analytical, prospective case-control study.
To evaluate the cardiovascular risk of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS), we investigated lipid profile, metabolic pattern, and echocardiography in 30 young women with PCOS and 30 healthy age- and body mass index (BMI)-matched women. PCOS women had higher fasting glucose and insulin levels, homeostasis model assessment score of insulin sensitivity, total cholesterol (TC) and low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) levels, and TC/high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) ratio and lower HDL-C levels than controls. Additionally, PCOS women had higher left atrium size (32.0 +/- 4.9 vs. 27.4 +/- 2.1 mm; P < 0.0001) and left ventricular mass index (80.5 +/- 18.1 vs. 56.1 +/- 5.4 g/m(2); P < 0.0001) and lower left ventricular ejection fraction (64.4 +/- 4.1 vs. 67.1 +/- 2.6%; P = 0.003) and early to late mitral flow velocity ratio (1.6 +/- 0.4 vs. 2.1 +/- 0.2; P < 0.0001) than controls. When patients and controls were grouped according to BMI [normal weight (BMI, >18 and <25 kg/m(2)), overweight (BMI, 25.1-30 kg/m(2)), and obese (BMI, >30 kg/m(2))], the differences between PCOS women and controls were maintained in overweight and obese women. In normal weight PCOS women, a significant increase in left ventricular mass index and a decrease in diastolic filling were observed, notwithstanding no change in TC, LDL-C, HDL-C, TC/HDL-C ratio, and TG compared with controls. In conclusion, our data show the detrimental effect of PCOS on the cardiovascular system even in young women asymptomatic for cardiac disease.
Orio
Francesco
F
Department of Molecular and Clinical Endocrinology and Oncology, University Federico II, Naples, Italy. francescoorio@virgilio.it
Palomba
Stefano
S
Spinelli
Letizia
L
Cascella
Teresa
T
Tauchmanovà
Libuse
L
Zullo
Fulvio
F
Lombardi
Gaetano
G
Colao
Annamaria
A
D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment
D006728:Hormones; D008055:Lipids