Mutations in the membrane component, chromosome 1, surface marker 1 (M1S1) gene in gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy.
OBJECTIVE
To report mutations in the membrane component, chromosome 1, surface marker 1 ( M1S1) gene in two members of the same family who showed symptoms of gelatinous drop-like corneal dystrophy (GDLD).


METHODS
DNA was extracted from leukocytes of peripheral blood of the two affected members of the family and from controls, and the coding region of M1S1 was amplified by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). The PCR products were analyzed by direct sequencing. Normal and mutant M1S1 expression vectors were constructed and transfected into CHO cells to identify the cellular location of the gene products.


RESULTS
The affected members had compound heterozygous mutations consisting of a nonsense change at codon 84 (K84X) and a missense mutation resulting in a substitution of arginine for cysteine at codon 108 (C108R). Neither of these mutations was found in the 50 controls. Protein expression analysis showed that the C108R product was distributed diffusely in the cytoplasm, whereas the normal gene product accumulated at cell-to-cell adhesion borders.


CONCLUSIONS
These data indicate that the K84X and C108R mutations in M1S1 cause GDLD.
Murakami
Akira
A
Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. amurak@med.juntendo.ac.jp
Kimura
Shunsuke
S
Fujiki
Keiko
K
Fujimaki
Takuro
T
Kanai
Atsushi
A
D000328:Adult; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016466:CHO Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002878:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D018389:Codon, Nonsense; D003317:Corneal Dystrophies, Hereditary / Q000235:genetics*; D006224:Cricetinae; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D000071858:Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule; D005260:Female; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014162:Transfection
D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D017252:CD3 Complex; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D018389:Codon, Nonsense; D000071858:Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule