Dimensions of mania: differences between mixed and pure episodes.
OBJECTIVE
The presence of at least five dimensions in mania has recently been established. This study extends previous findings by comparing the dimensions of pure vs. mixed mania.


METHODS
One hundred and three inpatients with bipolar I disorder, manic or mixed (DSM IV), were assessed with SCID-I, YMRS and HDRS-21. The five-factor solution found after applying factorial analysis with Varimax rotation was compared between manic and mixed patients.


RESULTS
There were differences between pure mania and mixed states on factor 1 (depression) and factor 3 (hedonism). There was a tendency to present higher values on factor 5 (activation) in the pure manic group. No differences were found in factor 2 (dysphoria) and factor 4 (psychosis).


CONCLUSIONS
Hedonism and activation dimensions are present to a lesser degree in mixed states. Although the principal difference between mixed and pure bipolar disorder is the existence of depressive symptoms, the depressive dimension is strongly present in patients with pure mania.


CONCLUSIONS
There is need to search for core depressive symptoms in all patients suffering from mania and to evaluate their outcome in clinical trials.
González-Pinto
Ana
A
Hospital Santiago Psychiatric Department Vitoria, Spain. agonzalez@hsan.osakidetza.net
Aldama
Ana
A
Pinto
Asunción González
AG
Mosquera
Fernando
F
Pérez de Heredia
José Luis
JL
Ballesteros
Javier
J
Gutiérrez
Miguel
M
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires