Correlates of immune protection in HIV-1 infection: what we know, what we don't know, what we should know.
The field of vaccinology began in ignorance of how protection was instilled in vaccine recipients. Today, a greater knowledge of immunology allows us to better understand what is being stimulated by various vaccines that leads to their protective effects: that is, their correlates of protection. Here we describe what is known about the correlates of protection for existing vaccines against a range of different viral diseases and discuss the correlates of protection against disease during natural infection with HIV-1. We will also discuss why it is important to design phase 3 clinical trials of HIV vaccines to determine the correlates of protection for each individual vaccine.
Laboratory of AIDS Immunopathogenesis, Division of Immunology and Allergy, Department of Medicine, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, University of Lausanne, 1011 Lausanne, Switzerland. giuseppe.pantaleo@chuv.hospvd.ch
Giuseppe
G
Pantaleo
Richard A
RA
Koup
D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000276:immunology; D015166:Monitoring, Immunologic / Q000379:methods; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology*
D016915:AIDS Vaccines