Systemic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and dyslipidemia in relation to body mass index: evaluation of a Brazilian population.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the prevalence of systemic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia in a Brazilian population in relation to body mass index.


METHODS
Retrospective evaluation of 1213 adults (mean age: 45.2 +/- 12.8; 80.6% females) divided into groups according to body mass index [normal (18.5 - 24.4 kg/m2); overweight (25 - 29.9 kg/m2); grade 1 obesity (30 - 34.9 kg/m2); grade 2 obesity (35 - 39.9 kg/m2), and grade 3 obesity (> or = 40 kg/m2)]. The prevalence of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypercholesterolemia, and hypertriglyceridemia were analyzed in each group. The severity of cardiovascular risk was determined. High-risk patients were considered those reporting 2 or more of the following factors: systemic hypertension, HDL < or = 35 mg/dL, total cholesterol > or = 240 mg/dL, triglycerides > or = 200 mg/dL when HDL < or = 35 mg/dL, and glycemia > or = 126 mg/dL. Moderate-risk patients were those reporting 2 or more of the following factors: systemic hypertension, HDL < or = 45, triglycerides > or = 200 mg/dL, and total cholesterol > or = 200 mg/dL.


RESULTS
The prevalence of systemic hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hypertriglyceridemia, and low HDL-cholesterol levels increased along with weight, but the prevalence of hypercholesterolemia did not. The odds ratio adjusted for gender and age, according to grade of obesity compared with patients with normal weight were respectively 5.9, 8.6, and 14.8 for systemic hypertension, 3.8, 5.8, and 9.2 for diabetes mellitus and 1.2, 1.3, and 2.6 for hypertriglyceridemia. We also verified that body mass index was positively related to cardiovascular high risk (P < .001)


CONCLUSIONS
In our population, cardiovascular risk increased along with body mass index.
Cercato
Cintia
C
Obesity and Metabolic Diseases Group, Department of Endocrinology and Metabology, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. ccercato@ig.com.br
Mancini
Márcio Corrêa
MC
Arguello
Ana Maria Carvalho
AM
Passos
Vanessa Quintas
VQ
Villares
Sandra Mara Ferreira
SM
Halpern
Alfredo
A
D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index