Lipopolysaccharides of Bacteroides fragilis, Chlamydia trachomatis and Pseudomonas aeruginosa signal via toll-like receptor 2.
Recognition of bacterial lipopolysaccharide (LPS) is critical in the host defence against Gram-negative infection. While enterobacterial LPS signals via Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), it has recently been reported that the LPS of Leptospira interrogans, Legionella pneumophila, Rhizobium species Sin-1 and at least one strain of Porphyromonas gingivalis are capable of signalling via TLR2. Using a TLR transfection assay and measurement of an NF-kappaB-sensitive promoter region, the results show that the LPS of Bacteroides fragilis NCTC-9343, Chlamydia trachomatis LGV-1 and Pseudomonas aeruginosa PAC-611 also signal via TLR2 and it is pointed out that all TLR2-signalling LPS discovered to date demonstrate relatively weak endotoxicity in some models and structural features distinct from those LPS shown to signal via TLR4.
Medical Microbiology, Centre for Infectious Diseases, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK 2Division of Genomic Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.
Clett
C
Erridge
Medical Microbiology, Centre for Infectious Diseases, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK 2Division of Genomic Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.
Alison
A
Pridmore
Medical Microbiology, Centre for Infectious Diseases, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK 2Division of Genomic Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.
Adrian
A
Eley
Medical Microbiology, Centre for Infectious Diseases, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK 2Division of Genomic Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.
John
J
Stewart
Medical Microbiology, Centre for Infectious Diseases, University of Edinburgh, Teviot Place, Edinburgh EH8 9AG, UK 2Division of Genomic Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.
Ian R
IR
Poxton
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D001441:Bacteroides fragilis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics; D016952:Legionella pneumophila; D007921:Leptospira interrogans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008156:Luciferases / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D009000:Monocytes; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012231:Rhizobium; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
D016209:Interleukin-8; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C495342:TLR2 protein, human; C495345:TLR4 protein, human; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D051197:Toll-Like Receptor 4; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D008156:Luciferases