[Extracellular superoxide dismutase (EC-SOD)--structure, properties and functions].
EC-SOD catalyzes the dismutation of superoxide radical to hydrogen peroxide and oxygen in the interstitial spaces of tissues and in extracellular fluids (plasma, lymph, and synovial fluid). It eliminates superoxide radicals from the cell environment and prevents the formation of reactive oxygen species and their derivatives. EC-SOD is a secretory, tetrameric glycoprotein containing copper and zinc, with a high affinity to certain glycosaminoglycans, such as heparin and heparan sulfate. It plays an important role in maintaining vascular tone, lung function, and the metabolism of NO, and in the pathology of such diseases as atherosclerosis, diabetes, and arthritis. This paper describes EC-SOD structure, function in tissues, and possibilities of therapy with application of this enzyme.
Skrzycki
Michał
M
Katedra i Zakład Biochemii Akademii Medycznej w Warszawie. skrzyckimp@poczta.onet.pl
Czeczot
Hanna
H
D000818:Animals; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism; D001168:Arthritis / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000378:metabolism; D045604:Extracellular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
D005609:Free Radicals; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase