Family member presence during resuscitation in the emergency department: An Australian perspective.
OBJECTIVE
The practice of family member presence during resuscitation in the ED has attracted widespread attention over the last few decades. Despite the recommendations of international organizations, clinical staff remain reluctant to engage in this practice in many EDs. This paper separates the evidence from opinion to determine the current state of knowledge about this practice.


METHODS
A search strategy was developed and used to locate research based publications, which were subsequently reviewed for the strength of evidence providing the basis for recommendations.


RESULTS
The literature was examined to reveal what patients and their family members want; the outcomes of family presence during resuscitation for patients and their family members; staff views and practices regarding family presence during resuscitation. Findings suggest that providing the opportunity to be with their critically ill family member is both important to and beneficial for families, however, disparity in staff views has been identified as a major obstacle to family presence during resuscitation. Examination of published guidelines and staff practices described in the literature revealed consistent elements.


CONCLUSIONS
Although critics point to the lack of rigour in this body of literature, the current state of knowledge suggests merit in pursuing future research to examine and measure effects of family member presence during resuscitation on patients, family members and healthcare providers.
Redley
Bernice
B
Emergency Department, Monash Medical Centre, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. b.redley@southernhealth.org.au
Botti
Mari
M
Duke
Maxine
M
D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001315:Australia; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D017060:Patient Satisfaction / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011368:Professional-Family Relations; D012107:Research Design; D012151:Resuscitation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*