Expansion of host-cell tropism of foot-and-mouth disease virus despite replication in a constant environment.
Foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) variants adapted to BHK-21 cells showed an expanded host-cell tropism that extended to primate and human cell lines. Virus replication in human HeLa and Jurkat cells has been documented by titration of virus infectivity, quantification of virus RNA, expression of a virus-specific non-structural antigen, and serial passage of virus in the cells. Parallel serial infections of human Jurkat cells with the same variant FMDVs indicates a strong stochastic component in the progression of infection. Chimeric viruses identified the capsid as a genomic region involved in tropism expansion. These results indicate that, contrary to theoretical predictions, replication of an RNA virus in a constant cellular environment may lead to expansion of cellular tropism, rather than to a more specialized infection of the cellular type to which the virus has been adapted.
Centro de Biología Molecular 'Severo Ochoa', Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
Carmen M
CM
Ruiz-Jarabo
Centro de Biología Molecular 'Severo Ochoa', Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
Nonia
N
Pariente
Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Valdeolmos, 28130 Madrid, Spain.
Eric
E
Baranowski
Centro de Biología Molecular 'Severo Ochoa', Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
Mercedes
M
Dávila
Centro de Biología Molecular 'Severo Ochoa', Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
Gema
G
Gómez-Mariano
Centro de Biología Molecular 'Severo Ochoa', Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco, 28049 Madrid, Spain.
Esteban
E
Domingo
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D002213:Capsid / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D018523:Tropism; D014779:Virus Replication