Ongoing monoclonal B-cell proliferation is not common in gastric B-cell lymphoma after combined radiochemotherapy.
OBJECTIVE
Gastric marginal-zone B-cell lymphoma (MZBCL) of the mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) is associated with chronic Helicobacter pylori gastritis. Stable complete remission (CR) can be induced by H pylori eradication. Whether this is paralleled by cure of the lymphoma remains unclear. Persisting monoclonal bands for immunoglobulin heavy chain variable region (VH) representing the lymphoma clone have been described in up to 50% of patients in CR. This retrospective study investigated whether this phenomenon also occurs after radiochemotherapy.


METHODS
Biopsy samples of 20 patients receiving chemotherapy with cyclophosphamide, doxorubicin, vincristine, and prednisone and irradiation were analyzed before and after therapy. Study patients had Ann Arbor stage I/II primary gastric cancer, including four cases of MZBCL of MALT type, 12 cases of diffuse large-cell lymphomas (DLCL), and four cases of mixed MALT type/DLCL. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) for VH rearrangement was performed. Monoclonal PCR products were cloned and sequenced.


RESULTS
Fourteen of 20 patients had a monoclonal or oligoclonal band distribution at diagnosis converted into polyclonal pattern after radiochemotherapy. Of the remaining six patients, two were lost to follow-up. One patient did not respond and died of progressive disease. PCR in this patient showed persistent B-cell clonality. In three patients, the initial PCR showed a polyclonal pattern and thus could not be evaluated during follow-up.


CONCLUSIONS
In contrast with H pylori eradication alone, radiochemotherapy results in clearing of monoclonal cells during follow-up. This may result in better elimination of residual lymphoma cells. Further study is needed to determine whether this translates into lower risk of relapse.
Alpen
Birgit
B
Department Internal Medicine, Hospital of Philipps University, Baldinger Strabetae, 35033 Marburg, Germany.
Kuse
Rolf
R
Parwaresch
Radzak
R
Müller-Hermelink
Hans Konrad
HK
Stolte
Manfred
M
Neubauer
Andreas
A
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000473:pathology*; D002455:Cell Division; D002999:Clone Cells; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015322:Gene Rearrangement, B-Lymphocyte; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics; D018442:Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011241:Prednisone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000628:therapy*; D014750:Vincristine / Q000627:therapeutic use
D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D014750:Vincristine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D011241:Prednisone