Cytosolic RNase inhibitor only affects RNases with intrinsic cytotoxicity.
Cytosolic RNase inhibitor binds to and neutralizes most members of the pancreatic type RNase superfamily. However, there are a few exceptions, e.g. amphibian onconase and bovine seminal RNase, and these are endowed with cytotoxic activity. Also, RNase variants created by mutagenesis to partially evade the RNase inhibitor acquire cytotoxic activity. These findings have led to the proposal that the cytosolic inhibitor acts as a sentry to protect mammalian cells from foreign RNases. We silenced the expression of the gene encoding the cytosolic inhibitor in HeLa cells and found that the cells become more sensitive to foreign cytotoxic RNases. However foreign, non-cytotoxic RNases remain non-cytotoxic. These results indicate that the cytosolic inhibitor neutralizes those foreign RNases that are intrinsically cytotoxic and have access to the cytosol. However, its normal physiological role may not be to guard against foreign RNases in general.
Monti
Daria Maria
DM
Department of Biological Chemistry, University of Naples Federico II, Via Mezzocannone, 16, 80134 Napoli, Italy.
D'Alessio
Giuseppe
G
D000818:Animals; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D010957:Plasmids; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D012259:Ribonuclease, Pancreatic / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012260:Ribonucleases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D003603:Cytotoxins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D012260:Ribonucleases; D012259:Ribonuclease, Pancreatic; C058703:ranpirnase