The biochemical basis of the health effects of exercise: an integrative view.
Physical inactivity-gene interactions result in changes in gene expression, leading to phenotypic changes in the skeletal muscle cell. A subpopulation of those genes that show changes in expression during physical inactivity are candidates for the environment-gene interactions that cross a threshold of biological significance such that overt clinical disease occurs. AMP kinase, GLUT4 and myosin heavy chain IIx are proposed as candidates for physical inactivity-modulated genes that have an altered function that may trigger a crossing of a threshold to disease. Future experiments will be needed to test the validity of the ideas presented.
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, Dalton Cardiovascular Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA. boothf@missouri.edu
Frank W
FW
Booth
R Andrew
RA
Shanely
D000263:Adenylate Kinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D004777:Environment; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; C495692:SLC2A4 protein, human; D000263:Adenylate Kinase; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains