Incomplete cytoreduction in 174 patients with peritoneal carcinomatosis from appendiceal malignancy.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to analyze the survival of patients with peritoneal dissemination of appendiceal malignancy having incomplete cytoreductive surgery.


BACKGROUND
Cytoreductive surgery plus perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy has emerged as a new and potentially curative treatment option for patients with peritoneal dissemination of appendiceal mucinous tumors. The goal of surgery is to remove all visible disease. Nevertheless, in some patients, complete cytoreduction is not possible.


METHODS
Over a 30-year period, 645 patients with epithelial peritoneal surface malignancy of appendiceal origin were treated with cytoreductive surgery and intraperitoneal chemotherapy by a single surgeon. One hundred seventy-four (27.1%) of these patients had an incomplete cytoreduction. A critical statistical analysis of the impact of selected clinical features on survival was performed from a prospective database.


RESULTS
Mortality and morbidity rates were 0% and 33.3%, respectively. Median survival of these 174 patients was 20.5 months and their 1-year, 3-year, and 5-year survival rates were 71%, 34%, and 15%, respectively. By multivariate analysis, the presence of signet ring cells and lymph node involvement were independent prognostic indicators of poor survival (P = 0.047 and P < 0.001, respectively). Patients who underwent more than 1 cytoreduction or repeat intraperitoneal chemohyperthermia showed significant improvement in survival (P = 0.018 and P < 0.001, respectively)


CONCLUSIONS
Incomplete cytoreduction plus perioperative intraperitoneal chemotherapy of peritoneal dissemination from appendiceal malignancy results in limited long-term survival. Patients with signet ring histology or lymph node involvement have an especially poor outcome. Repeat cytoreduction and intraperitoneal chemohyperthermia may improve outcome.
Surgical Department, Centre Hospitalo-Universitaire Lyon Sud, Pierre Bénite, France.
Olivier
O
Glehen
Faheez
F
Mohamed
Paul H
PH
Sugarbaker
D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001062:Appendectomy / Q000379:methods; D001063:Appendiceal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000401:mortality* / Q000556:secondary* / Q000628:therapy; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007430:Intraoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D019990:Perioperative Care / Q000379:methods; D010534:Peritoneal Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy*; D011336:Probability; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome