A comparison of thyroxine- and polyamine-mediated enhancement of rat facial nerve regeneration.
Thyroid hormones and spermidine, a motor neuron trophic polyamine (PA), have been shown to enhance peripheral motor nerve regeneration; however, the mechanism by which these treatment modalities exert their effect is unknown. Similarities in treatment outcome suggest that these molecules may be working via a common mechanism. Such an explanation is plausible since thyroid hormone is a potent inducer of ornithine decarboxylase (ODC), which is the rate-limiting enzyme involved in polyamine synthesis. This study was designed to morphologically evaluate the effects of exogenous thyroxine and spermidine on the regeneration of the rat facial nerve. Myelinated fiber density, axonal size, and degree of myelination were assayed by light and electron microscopy 21 days following facial nerve crush. Strikingly, the two treatment modalities had identical effects on all parameters tested. Each significantly enhanced the density of myelinated axons in regenerating nerves relative to the vehicle control. In addition, relative to the control treatment, both thyroxine and spermidine significantly increased the cross-sectional area of regenerating axons (P < 0.05). Interestingly, neither of the drug treatments had any effect on remyelination at the position where this parameter was analyzed. The concurrent administration of both thyroxine and spermidine did not synergistically enhance motor neuron regeneration. These data support the hypothesis that thyroxine and spermidine enhance neural regeneration by a common mechanism.
Oble
Darryl A
DA
Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 0W3. umobled@hotmail.com
Burton
Lynn
L
Maxwell
Krista
K
Hassard
Thomas
T
Nathaniel
Edward J H
EJ
D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005154:Facial Nerve / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D020220:Facial Nerve Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008854:Microscopy, Electron / Q000379:methods; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013095:Spermidine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D013974:Thyroxine; D013095:Spermidine