Allele frequency distribution of the canine dopamine receptor D4 gene exon III and I in 23 breeds.
Various canine breeds are remarkably different from each other not only in their sizes and shapes but also in behavioral traits, suggesting that some of them are under genetic control. Although dopaminergic neurotransmission system is considered to affect animal behavior, little is known about related genes in canine. Relations between specific alleles in polymorphic regions of the dopamine receptor D4 gene (DRD4) and personality or psychiatric disorders have been reported in humans, and we first found polymorphism in exon III region of the gene in 4 canine breeds. In this study we surveyed allele frequency distribution in 23 breeds including a total of 1,535 unrelated individuals. In exon III, 8 alleles including a novel allele were identified. A group of breeds in which the alleles 447b, 498 and 549 were frequent tended toward high scores in aggression-related behavioral traits than that with frequent alleles 435 and 447a. Moreover, a polymorphism based on 24 bp insertion/deletion was found in exon I region for the first time in dogs. This information may be of use for candidate gene studies of behavioral variation in dogs.
Ito
Hideyuki
H
Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Gifu University, Japan.
Nara
Hidetoshi
H
Inoue-Murayama
Miho
M
Shimada
Makoto K
MK
Koshimura
Akiko
A
Ueda
Yuko
Y
Kitagawa
Hitoshi
H
Takeuchi
Yukari
Y
Mori
Yuji
Y
Murayama
Yuichi
Y
Morita
Mitsuo
M
Iwasaki
Toshiroh
T
Ota
Katuaki
K
Tanabe
Yuichi
Y
Ito
Shin'ichi
S
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D017931:DNA Primers; D004285:Dogs / Q000235:genetics*; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics*; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics*; D005838:Genotype; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009061:Mouth Mucosa; D010641:Phenotype; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2 / Q000235:genetics*; D050638:Receptors, Dopamine D4
D017931:DNA Primers; D017448:Receptors, Dopamine D2; D050638:Receptors, Dopamine D4