Lipoprotein lipase and its role in regulation of plasma lipoproteins and cardiac risk.
For over 50 years, biologists and clinicians have studied lipoprotein lipase (LPL) and learned about its structure, function, cellular production, physiology, and human genetics. LPL is the principal enzyme that removes triglyceride from the bloodstream. It also determines plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein. Surprisingly, within the past several years, a number of new and unexpected proteins have been discovered that regulate the actions of LPL. These include the very low-density lipoprotein receptor, angiopoetin-like protein 3, and apolipoprotein A-V. In addition, mouse genetic studies have confirmed tissue culture findings of nonenzymatic roles of LPL both in lipid metabolism and atherogenesis. These basic observations are now being related to new information on human genetic polymorphism in this gene that is likely to affect clinical evaluation of lipoprotein disorders and cardiac risk.
Otarod
Jila Kaberi
JK
Division of Preventive Medicine & Nutrition, Department of Medicine, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, 630 West 168th Street, New York, NY 10032, USA. ijg3@columbia.edu
Goldberg
Ira J
IJ
D000091303:Angiopoietin-Like Protein 3; D000075802:Angiopoietin-like Proteins; D042682:Angiopoietins; D000072040:Apolipoprotein A-V; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008072:Hyperlipoproteinemia Type I / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*
C479896:ANGPTL3 protein, human; C437704:APOA5 protein, human; D000091303:Angiopoietin-Like Protein 3; D000075802:Angiopoietin-like Proteins; D042682:Angiopoietins; D000072040:Apolipoprotein A-V; D001053:Apolipoproteins; D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008074:Lipoproteins; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase