Comparison of the phenylenediamine isomers bioactivation by the green alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii.
The correlation between the chemical structure of arylamines meta-, orto-, para-phenylenediamine (m-PDA, o-PDA, p-PDA), and their mutagenic activity is known. It is accepted that these promutagenic compounds are metabolized to ultimate mutagens in mammals and higher plants. In our previous work, we used the alga Chlamydomonas reinhardtii as the activating organism and the bacteria Salmonella typhimurium and yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae as the genetic indicators for m-PDA activation. In the present work, we used the same activation system for o-PDA and p-PDA activation. Different responses of the yeast and algal wild-type strain and of the repair-deficient strains to the toxic and mutagenic effects of o-PDA and p -PDA were observed. p-PDA had the most toxic effect on both intact yeast and algal cells and in the algal cell/microbe coincubation assays. Concerning repair-deficient algal strains, the recombination-deficient strain was the most sensitive to both compounds tested, indicating that the recombination process played an important role in the DNA repair of arylamines. The rank order of the PDA isomers mutagenicity (including m-PDA) was o-PDA > m-PDA > p-PDA for revertants in intact yeast and forward mutants in algae; m-PDA > o-PDA > p-PDA in the algal cell/S. typhimurium long-term coincubation assay, the algal cell/S. cerevisiae coincubation assay, and the intact S. cerevisiae assay for gene convertants as well.
Department of Genetics, Faculty of Science, Comenius University, Mlynská dolina, 842 15 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
V
V
Vlcková
M
M
Slaninová
E
E
Miadoková
S
S
Podstavková
M
M
Závodná
D
D
Vlcek
D000818:Animals; D001711:Biotransformation; D016825:Chlamydomonas reinhardtii / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006128:Growth / Q000187:drug effects; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D010655:Phenylenediamines / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000633:toxicity; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism
D009153:Mutagens; D010655:Phenylenediamines; C034193:1,2-diaminobenzene; C029728:4-phenylenediamine