Glutamine and CXC chemokines IL-8, Mig, IP-10 and I-TAC in human intestinal epithelial cells.
OBJECTIVE
Chemokines are a family of small proteins involved in immune and inflammatory responses. Human intestinal epithelial cells act as a sentinel in the immune response and produce CXC chemokines such as IL-8, Mig, IP-10 and I-TAC. Glutamine has various effects on immuno-inflammatory response in human intestine.


METHODS
The present study aimed to determine the effect of glutamine on the IL-8, Mig, IP-10 and I-TAC production by ELISA and their mRNA level by RT-PCR (expressed as % gapdh) in two human intestinal epithelial cell lines Caco-2/TC7 and HCT-8 under basal conditions or during stimulation with combined cytokines.


RESULTS
Under basal conditions, studied chemokines were not influenced by glutamine. When intestinal epithelial cells were stimulated with cytokines, increasing concentrations of glutamine from 2 to 10 mM in HCT-8 cells significantly decreased I-TAC and IP-10 mRNA level (respectively 219 to 182%; P < 0.01; 257 to 176%; P < 0.05) and I-TAC and IP-10 production (respectively 21.2 to 13.0; P < 0.05; 696 to 548 ng/prot mg; P < 0.01). Glutamine also reduced IP-10 mRNA level (186 to 135%, P < 0.05) in cytokines-stimulated Caco-2/TC7 cells.


CONCLUSIONS
Down-regulation of CXC chemokines by glutamine could contribute to its therapeutic potential in intestinal inflammation and during critical illness.
Appareil Digestif Environnement Nutrition (ADEN EA 3234), Institut Fédératif de Recherches Multidisciplinaires sur les Peptides (I.F.R.23), Rouen, France.
Rachel
R
Marion
M Moïse
MM
Coëffier
Gilles
G
Gargala
Philippe
P
Ducrotté
P Pierre
PP
Déchelotte
D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002460:Cell Line; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D054371:Chemokine CXCL11; D054370:Chemokine CXCL9; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005973:Glutamine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
C515202:CXCL11 protein, human; C080810:CXCL9 protein, human; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D054371:Chemokine CXCL11; D054370:Chemokine CXCL9; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D016209:Interleukin-8; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D005973:Glutamine