The biochemical basis of the health effects of exercise: an integrative view.
Physical inactivity-gene interactions result in changes in gene expression, leading to phenotypic changes in the skeletal muscle cell. A subpopulation of those genes that show changes in expression during physical inactivity are candidates for the environment-gene interactions that cross a threshold of biological significance such that overt clinical disease occurs. AMP kinase, GLUT4 and myosin heavy chain IIx are proposed as candidates for physical inactivity-modulated genes that have an altered function that may trigger a crossing of a threshold to disease. Future experiments will be needed to test the validity of the ideas presented.
Booth
Frank W
FW
Department of Biomedical Sciences, Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, Dalton Cardiovascular Institute, University of Missouri, Columbia, Missouri 65211, USA. boothf@missouri.edu
Shanely
R Andrew
RA
D000263:Adenylate Kinase / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D004777:Environment; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
D051275:Glucose Transporter Type 4; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; D009124:Muscle Proteins; C495692:SLC2A4 protein, human; D000263:Adenylate Kinase; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains