Mitochondrial DNA and aging.
Among the numerous theories that explain the process of aging, the mitochondrial theory of aging has received the most attention. This theory states that electrons leaking from the ETC (electron transfer chain) reduce molecular oxygen to form O2*- (superoxide anion radicals). O2*-, through both enzymic and non-enzymic reactions, can cause the generation of other ROS (reactive oxygen species). The ensuing state of oxidative stress results in damage to ETC components and mtDNA (mitochondrial DNA), thus increasing further the production of ROS. Ultimately, this 'vicious cycle' leads to a physiological decline in function, or aging. This review focuses on recent developments in aging research related to the role played by mtDNA. Both supportive and contradictory evidence is discussed.
Department of Cell Biology and Neuroscience, University of South Alabama, 307 University Blvd, Mobile, AL 36688, USA. malexeye@jaguar1.usouthal.edu
Mikhail F
MF
Alexeyev
Susan P
SP
Ledoux
Glenn L
GL
Wilson
D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002149:Energy Intake; D006801:Humans; D008136:Longevity; D008322:Mammals / Q000502:physiology*; D028361:Mitochondrial Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress
D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial