Early and exclusive use of norepinephrine in septic shock.
BACKGROUND
The timing and use of norepinephrine (noradrenaline) (NE) in septic shock remain a matter of controversy.


OBJECTIVE
To study the outcome of septic patients treated with early and exclusive NE.


METHODS
Tertiary Intensive Care Unit.


METHODS
142 patients with septic shock.


METHODS
Exclusive NE infusion within 24 hours of admission to ICU.


RESULTS
Retrospective analysis of data from a unit database identified 142 patients. Their median admission simplified acute physiology score (SAPS II) score was 46 [38, 56] with 98 (69%) receiving mechanical ventilation. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) at the start of NE infusion was 60 [58, 68]mmHg. NE infusion was started at a median of 1.3 [0.3, 5.0]h after ICU admission. Restoration and maintenance of target MAP was achieved initially in all patients and, in 61.3%, within 30 min. The median peak dose of NE was 0.28 [0.14, 0.61]microg/(kg min) and the duration of infusion was 88 [42, 175]h. SAPS II predicted mortality was 40.8%, however, only 34.5% (P = 0.27) died. Among the most severely ill patients (SAPS II score >56) actual mortality was 50.0% versus 74.7% predicted (P = 0.07).


CONCLUSIONS
Early and exclusive use of NE in hyperdynamic septic shock achieved a stable MAP >75 mmHg in all patients. Survival compared favorably with that predicted by illness severity scores.
Department of Intensive Care and Department of Medicine, Austin and Repatriation Medical Centre, Melbourne, Australia.
Hiroshi
H
Morimatsu
Kulgit
K
Singh
Shigehiko
S
Uchino
Rinaldo
R
Bellomo
Graeme
G
Hart
D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012151:Resuscitation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004837:Epinephrine