Aqueous penetration of gatifloxacin and levofloxacin into the rabbit aqueous humor following topical dosing.
The aqueous penetration of the commercial preparations of the fluoroquinolone antibiotics ofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, and gatifloxacin were compared following topical dosing in a rabbit model. Levofloxacin achieved the highest aqueous concentrations, with a mean aqueous level of 4.8014 microcg/mL (p = 0.002, p = 0.00002, p = 0.015.) Ofloxacin (2.5136 microcg/mL) and gatifloxacin (2.4817 microcg/mL) achieved statistically equal aqueous concentrations (p = 0.479). Ciprofloxacin reached the lowest levels in the aqueous humor (0.9616 microcg/mL, p = 0.00002, 0.00004, 0.008). Gatifloxacin alone achieved concentrations in excess of the MIC90s of gram-positive pathogens of concern.
Levine
Jason M
JM
Department of Ophthalmology, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ, USA. jlevine@eyes.arizona.edu
Noecker
Robert J
RJ
Lane
Lisa C
LC
Snyder
Robert W
RW
Rapedius
Markus
M
Blanchard
James
J
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000737:chemistry*; D001682:Biological Availability; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077734:Gatifloxacin; D007322:Instillation, Drug; D064704:Levofloxacin; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D012015:Reference Standards
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D064704:Levofloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin; D000077734:Gatifloxacin