[Preclinical management of accidental methadone intoxication of a 4-year-old girl. Antagonist or intubation?].
We report on the preclinical management of a 4-year-old child who was found in a comatose condition with respiratory failure after accidental ingestion of methadone. Emergency airway management was carried out with endotracheal intubation instead of administering the antagonist naloxone. The child could be extubated 12 h later and was released from hospital after 3 days with no neurological symptoms. The authors attempt to formulate an algorithm for the preclinical management of opioid intoxication with reference to the literature and own experience. Endotracheal intubation seems to be superior to the use of the antagonist naloxone, especially in a critical situation. This is the only way to ensure a rapid oxygenation with adequate airway protection and with the simultaneous avoidance of the side-effects of naloxone. A restrictive and critical administration of the opioid antagonist naloxone is recommended when there is suspicion of opioid ingestion but no signs of intoxication.
Klinik für Anaesthesiologie, Bereich Notfallmedizin, Ruprecht-Karls-Universität Heidelberg. christian_hainer@med.uni-heidelberg.de
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Hainer
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Bernhard
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Gries
D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000506:poisoning*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003128:Coma / Q000139:chemically induced*; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D008691:Methadone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000506:poisoning*; D009270:Naloxone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010102:Oxygen Inhalation Therapy; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000139:chemically induced
D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D009270:Naloxone; D008691:Methadone