Severe traumatic brain injury in New South Wales: comparable outcomes for rural and urban residents.
OBJECTIVE
To compare differences in functional outcomes between urban and rural patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI).


METHODS
A longitudinal, prospective, multicentre study of a 2-year cohort from the Brain Injury Rehabilitation Program (BIRP) for New South Wales, with follow-up at 18 months after injury.


METHODS
198 patients (147 urban, 51 rural) with severe TBI from the 11 participating rehabilitation units.


METHODS
Demographic and injury details collected prospectively using a standardised questionnaire, and measures from five validated instruments (Disability Rating Scale, Mayo-Portland Adaptability Inventory, Sydney Psychosocial Reintegration Scale, Medical Outcomes Study Short Form and the General Health Questionnaire--28-item version) administered at follow-up to document functional, psychosocial, emotional and vocational outcomes.


RESULTS
Demographic details, injury severity, lengths of stay in intensive and acute care wards were similar for both rural and urban groups. There were no significant group differences in functional outcomes, including return to work, at follow-up.


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings contrast with previous research that has reported poorer outcomes after TBI for rural residents, and suggest that the integrated network of inpatient, outpatient and outreach services provided throughout NSW through the BIRP provides effective rehabilitation for people with severe TBI regardless of where they live.
New England Brain Injury Rehabilitation Program, Tamworth Base Hospital, Tamworth, NSW, Australia.
Peter G
PG
Harradine
Julie B
JB
Winstanley
Robyn
R
Tate
Ian D
ID
Cameron
Ian J
IJ
Baguley
Ross D
RD
Harris
D000328:Adult; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D005260:Female; D006798:Housing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009517:New South Wales / Q000453:epidemiology; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*