Interpersonal functioning deficits: temporary or stable characteristics of depressed individuals?
BACKGROUND
Interpersonal skill deficits are associated with depression; however, the nature of the relationship is not clear. This study examined whether interpersonal skill deficits are a temporary symptom of depression or a stable characteristic of depression-prone individuals, in a large adult general population sample (N=4749).


METHODS
Interpersonal functioning (IF) was compared among never depressed individuals and three groups of individuals with a history of depression: current depressives, recently remitted, and remitted depressives.


RESULTS
State effects of depression were clearly observed and a strong association between IF difficulties and current depression was found. Individuals with an early onset of depression showed some indication of an 'interpersonal scar'; but, in general, we did not find evidence that repeated depression 'scarred' the individual.


CONCLUSIONS
The cross-sectional methodology limited our ability to examine whether interpersonal deficits were more the result of a depressive episode or were present beforehand. In addition, it would have been more informative to follow participants over the course of several months in order to examine the relation between depression and interpersonal functioning deficits as it unfolded longitudinally.


CONCLUSIONS
Our findings suggest that interpersonal functioning deficits are in some regards a stable feature among people with a history of depression; however, they possess temporary features as well. Depression may scar interpersonal functioning, but only if it occurs early in life.
Department of Psychology, Florida State University, Tallahassee, FL 32306-1270, USA.
Scharles Cercy
SC
Petty
Natalie
N
Sachs-Ericsson
Thomas E
TE
Joiner
D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012919:Social Behavior