Neonatal lethality, dwarfism, and abnormal brain development in Dmbx1 mutant mice.
Dmbx1 encodes a paired-like homeodomain protein that is expressed in developing neural tissues during mouse embryogenesis. To elucidate the in vivo role of Dmbx1, we generated two Dmbx1 mutant alleles. Dmbx1- lacks the homeobox and Dmbx1z is an insertion of a lacZ reporter gene. Dmbx1z appears to be a faithful reporter of Dmbx1 expression during embryogenesis and after birth. Dmbx1-lacZ expression was detected in the superior colliculus, cerebellar nuclei, and subpopulations of the medulla oblongata and spinal cord. Some Dmbx1 homozygous mutant mice died during the neonatal period, while others survived to adulthood; however, their growth was impaired. Both heterozygous and homozygous mutant offspring from Dmbx1 homozygous mutant females exhibited a low survival rate and poor growth. However, even wild-type pups fostered onto Dmbx1 homozygous mutant females grew poorly, suggesting a Dmbx1-dependent nursing defect. Dmbx1 mutant mice had an aberrant Dmbx1-lacZ expression pattern in the nervous system, indicating that they had abnormal brain development. These results demonstrate that Dmbx1 is required for postnatal survival, growth, and brain development.
Ohtoshi
Akihira
A
Department of Molecular Genetics, University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd., Houston, TX 77030, USA.
Behringer
Richard R
RR
D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D001921:Brain / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D004392:Dwarfism; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007774:Lactation; D008297:Male; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D009154:Mutation; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051857:Otx Transcription Factors; D011247:Pregnancy; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015996:Survival Rate
D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D051857:Otx Transcription Factors; C470836:Otx3 protein, mouse; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins