Atomic force spectroscopy-based study of antibody pesticide interactions for characterization of immunosensor surface.
Development of immunobiosensor detector surfaces involves the immobilization of active antibodies on the capture surface without any significant loss of antigen binding activity. An atomic force microscope (AFM) was used to directly evaluate specific interactions between pesticides and antibodies on a biosensor surface. Oriented immobilization of antibodies against two herbicide molecules 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) and atrazine, on gold, was carried out to create the active immunobiosensor surfaces. The adhesive forces between immobilized antibodies and their respective antigens were measured by force spectroscopy using hapten-carrier protein functionalized AFM cantilevers. Relative functional affinity (avidity) measurements of the antibodies carried out prior to immobilization, well correlated with subsequent AFM force measurement observations. Analysis showed that immobilization had not compromised the reactivity of the surface immobilized antibody molecules for antigen nor was there any change in their relative quality with respect to each other. The utility of the immunoreactive surface was further confirmed using a Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR) based detection system. Our study indicates that AFM can be utilized as a convenient immunobiosensing tool for confirming the presence and also assessing the strength of antibody-hapten interactions on biosensor surfaces under development.
Kaur
Jasdeep
J
Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39 A, Chandigarh 160036, India.
Singh
Kanwar Vikas
KV
Schmid
Ashwini Hirlekar
AH
Varshney
Grish C
GC
Suri
C Raman
CR
Raje
Manoj
M
D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D000327:Adsorption; D000906:Antibodies / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex / Q000032:analysis; D001280:Atrazine / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis / Q000379:methods; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000379:methods*; D008846:Micromanipulation / Q000379:methods; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force / Q000379:methods*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D011485:Protein Binding; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties
D000906:Antibodies; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D010575:Pesticides; D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid; D001280:Atrazine