Effects of two hemolymph proteins on humoral defense reactions in the wax moth, Galleria mellonella.
Two hemolymph proteins were isolated from the wax moth, Galleria mellonella, larvae by a two-step procedure consisting of acid extraction and reversed phase (RP)-HPLC. One was an apolipophorin III (apoLp-III) previously characterized as a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) binding protein in the hemolymph of G. mellonella. The other was confirmed to be a new protein with a molecular mass of 23,768.69 Da, referred to as Gm protein-24. The full-length cDNA of Gm protein-24 was cloned from the fat body. The cDNA structure showed that it is a 219-residues protein derived from the precursor of 236 amino acids. The effects of apoLp-III and Gm protein-24 have been tested on the insect humoral immunity. ApoLp-III enhanced the activity of antibacterial peptide such as cecropin but Gm protein-24 had no effect on cecropin activity. On the other hand, Gm protein-24 and apoLp-III were both involved in the activation of prophenoloxidase (PPO) cascade, which has been regarded as a critical immune reaction in insect hemolymph. Of note, the Gm protein-24 was a significantly stronger activator of PPO cascade than apoLp-III.
Park
Shin Yong
SY
Department of Life Science, Hoseo University, Sechul-Ri, Baebang-Myun, Asan City, Chungnam-Do 336-795, South Korea.
Kim
Chong Han
CH
Jeong
Woo Hyuk
WH
Lee
Joon Ha
JH
Seo
Sook Jae
SJ
Han
Yeon Soo
YS
Lee
In Hee
IH
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001483:Base Sequence; D004156:Catechol Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004792:Enzyme Precursors / Q000378:metabolism; D004926:Escherichia coli; D005216:Fat Body / Q000737:chemistry; D006458:Hemolymph / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007814:Larva / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009036:Moths / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D016415:Sequence Alignment
D023181:Antimicrobial Cationic Peptides; D001053:Apolipoproteins; D004792:Enzyme Precursors; D019476:Insect Proteins; C042470:apolipophorin III; C031161:cecropin A; C038451:pro-phenoloxidase; D004156:Catechol Oxidase