Free-breathing, three-dimensional coronary artery magnetic resonance angiography: comparison of sequences.
OBJECTIVE
To compare six free-breathing, three-dimensional, magnetization-prepared coronary magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) sequences.


METHODS
Six bright-blood sequences were evaluated: Cartesian segmented gradient echo (C-SGE), radial SGE (R-SGE), spiral SGE (S-SGE), spiral gradient echo (S-GE), Cartesian steady-state free precession (C-SSFP), and radial SSFP (R-SSFP). The right coronary artery (RCA) was imaged in 10 healthy volunteers using all six sequences in randomized order. Images were evaluated by two observers with respect to signal-to-noise ratio (SNR), contrast-to-noise ratio (CNR), visible vessel length, vessel edge sharpness, and vessel diameter.


RESULTS
C-SSFP depicted RCA over the longest distance with high vessel sharpness, good SNR, and excellent background suppression. S-GE provided best SNR and CNR in proximal segments, but more vessel blurring and poorer background suppression, resulting in poor visualization of distal segments. R-SSFP images showed good background suppression and best vessel sharpness, but only moderate SNR. C-SGE provided good SNR and reasonable CNR, but lowest vessel sharpness. S-SGE and R-SGE visualized the RCA over the smallest distance, mostly due to vessel blurring and low SNR, respectively.


CONCLUSIONS
Overall, Cartesian SSFP provided the best image quality with excellent vessel sharpness, visualization of long vessel segments, and good SNR and CNR.
Weber
Oliver M
OM
Department of Radiology, University of California, San Francisco, USA. oliver.weber@radiology.ucsf.edu
Pujadas
Sandra
S
Martin
Alastair J
AJ
Higgins
Charles B
CB
D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D017023:Coronary Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D012119:Respiration