Quantitative expression profiling of immune response genes in rainbow trout following infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) infection or DNA vaccination.
Infectious haematopoietic necrosis virus (IHNV) is a well-studied virus of salmonid fishes. A highly efficacious DNA vaccine has been developed against this virus and studies have demonstrated that this vaccine induces both an early and transient non-specific anti-viral phase as well as long-term specific protection. The mechanisms of the early anti-viral phase are not known, but previous studies noted changes in Mx gene expression, suggesting a role for type I interferon. This study used quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase PCR methodology to compare expression changes over time of a number of cytokine or cytokine-related genes in the spleen of rainbow trout following injection with poly I:C, live IHNV, the IHNV DNA vaccine or a control plasmid encoding the non-antigenic luciferase gene. The target genes included Mx-1, viral haemorrhagic septicaemia virus induced gene 8 (Vig-8), TNF-alpha1, TNF-alpha2, IL-1beta1, IL-8, TGF-beta1 and Hsp70. Poly I:C stimulation induced several genes but the strongest and significant response was observed in the Mx-1 and Vig-8 genes. The live IHN virus induced a significant response in all genes examined except TGF-beta1. The control plasmid construct and the IHNV DNA vaccine marginally induced a number of genes, but the main difference between these two groups was a statistically significant induction of the Mx-1 and Vig-8 genes by the IHNV vaccine only. The gene expression profiles elicited by the live virus and the IHNV DNA vaccine differed in a number of aspects but this study confirms the clear role for a type I interferon-like response in early anti-viral defence.
Purcell
Maureen K
MK
School of Aquatic and Fishery Sciences, University of Washington, Box 355020, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. maureenp@u.washington.edu
Kurath
Gael
G
Garver
Kyle A
KA
Herwig
Russell P
RP
Winton
James R
JR
D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D029941:Fish Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000662:veterinary*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology*; D029142:Infectious hematopoietic necrosis virus / Q000276:immunology*; D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss; D011070:Poly I-C / Q000276:immunology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018353:Rhabdoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D013154:Spleen / Q000378:metabolism; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000276:immunology
D016207:Cytokines; D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D029941:Fish Proteins; D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D011070:Poly I-C