The HAMP linker in histidine kinase dimeric receptors is critical for symmetric transmembrane signal transduction.
The HAMP linker, a common structural element between a sensor and a transmitter module in various sensor proteins, plays an essential role in signal transduction. Here, by in vivo complementation experiments with Tar-EnvZ hybrid receptor mutants in which the HAMP linker forms a heterodimer with Tar and EnvZ-type subunits, we found that mutations at one linker only affect the function of EnvZ in the same subunit. However, the same mutations affect the EnvZ function of both subunits when only a Tar or EnvZ-type HAMP linker is used. These results suggest that intersubunit interactions in the HAMP linker normally mediate signal transduction through both subunits in a sensor dimer, whereas the signal is asymmetrically transduced through the linker in a heterodimer. This is the first demonstration that two HAMP linkers in a sensor dimer are functionally coupled for normal signal transduction; however, this functional coupling can be reduced when the HAMP linkers lose their symmetric nature.
Zhu
Yan
Y
Department of Biochemistry, Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, Piscataway, New Jersey 08854, USA.
Inouye
Masayori
M
D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D002628:Chemoreceptor Cells; D019281:Dimerization; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005816:Genetic Complementation Test; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D021122:Protein Subunits; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C057331:Tar protein, E coli; C072091:Taz1 protein, E coli; D011494:Protein Kinases; C057843:envZ protein, E coli; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases