High-unsaturated-fat, high-protein, and low-carbohydrate diet during pregnancy and lactation modulates hepatic lipid metabolism in female adult offspring.
Whether a high-unsaturated-fat, high-protein (HFP), and low-carbohydrate (CHO) diet during gestation has long-lasting beneficial effects on lipid metabolism in the offspring was investigated using a mouse model. Female mice were fed either a standard (CHO rich) chow diet or a CHO HFP diet, before and during gestation and lactation. All offspring were weaned onto the same chow until adulthood. Although liver cholesterol concentration and fasting plasma triglyceride (TG), cholesterol, and free fatty acid concentrations were not affected in either male or female HFP offspring, hepatic TG concentration was reduced by approximately 51% (P < 0.05) in the female adult offspring from dams on the HFP diet, compared with females from dams on the chow diet (a trend toward reduced TG concentration was also observed in the male). Furthermore, hepatic protein levels for CD36, carnitine palmitoyltransferase-1 (CPT-1), and peroxisomal proliferator activated receptor-alpha (PPAR-alpha) were increased by approximately 46% (P < 0.001), approximately 52% (P < 0.001), and approximately 14% (P = 0.035), respectively, in the female HFP offspring. Liver TG levels were negatively correlated with protein levels of CD 36 (r = -0.69, P = 0.007), CPT-1 (r = -0.55, P = 0.033), and PPAR-alpha (r = -0.57, P = 0.025) in these offspring. In conclusion, a maternal HFP diet during gestation and lactation reduces hepatic TG concentration in female offspring, which is linked with increased protein levels in fatty acid oxidation.
Endocrinology and Metabolism Sub-Division, Developmental Origins of Health and Disease Division, School of Medicine, University of Southampton, Southampton General Hospital, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK. JZhang@soton.ac.uk
Junlong
J
Zhang
Chunli
C
Wang
Paul L
PL
Terroni
Felino R A
FR
Cagampang
Mark
M
Hanson
Christopher D
CD
Byrne
D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D039382:Maternal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D039401:Prenatal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000502:physiology; D012737:Sex Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol