Effect of a high-protein, low-carbohydrate diet on blood glucose control in people with type 2 diabetes.
There has been interest in the effect of various types and amounts of dietary carbohydrates and proteins on blood glucose. On the basis of our previous data, we designed a high-protein/low-carbohydrate, weight-maintaining, nonketogenic diet. Its effect on glucose control in people with untreated type 2 diabetes was determined. We refer to this as a low-biologically-available-glucose (LoBAG) diet. Eight men were studied using a randomized 5-week crossover design with a 5-week washout period. The carbohydrate:protein:fat ratio of the control diet was 55:15:30. The test diet ratio was 20:30:50. Plasma and urinary beta-hydroxybutyrate were similar on both diets. The mean 24-h integrated serum glucose at the end of the control and LoBAG diets was 198 and 126 mg/dl, respectively. The percentage of glycohemoglobin was 9.8 +/- 0.5 and 7.6 +/- 0.3, respectively. It was still decreasing at the end of the LoBAG diet. Thus, the final calculated glycohemoglobin was estimated to be approximately 6.3-5.4%. Serum insulin was decreased, and plasma glucagon was increased. Serum cholesterol was unchanged. Thus, a LoBAG diet ingested for 5 weeks dramatically reduced the circulating glucose concentration in people with untreated type 2 diabetes. Potentially, this could be a patient-empowering way to ameliorate hyperglycemia without pharmacological intervention. The long-term effects of such a diet remain to be determined.
Gannon
Mary C
MC
Metabolic Research Laboratory (111G), VA Medical Center, One Veterans Drive, Minneapolis, MN 55417, USA. ganno004@umn.edu
Nuttall
Frank Q
FQ
D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001786:Blood Glucose; D001835:Body Weight; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000652:urine; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007659:Ketones / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
D020155:3-Hydroxybutyric Acid; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007659:Ketones