Short communication: Diurnal profiles of conjugated linoleic acids and trans fatty acids in ruminal fluid from cows fed a high concentrate diet supplemented with fish oil, linseed oil, or sunflower oil.
Trans-18:1 and 18:2 isomer composition in ruminal fluid during the daily feeding cycle was examined in 3 cows fed a high concentrate diet (35:65) with 5% (DM basis) sunflower oil (SO), 5% linseed oil (LO), or 2.5% fish oil (FO) in a 3 x 3 Latin square with 3 4-wk periods. Grass hay and concentrate mixtures were fed at 0900, 1300, and 1700 h daily. Ruminal fluid was collected at 0900, 1100, 1300, 1500, 1700, 2000, and 0000 h. Feeding SO resulted in the greatest mean concentrations (% of total fatty acids) of trans10,cis12-18:2 and cis9,trans11-18:2. In particular, trans10,cis12-18:2 with SO was greater at 1500 (0.29%), 2000 (0.34%), and 0000 h (0.25%) relative to 0900 h (0.07%). Cis9,trans11-18:2 concentration increased from 0.47% at 0900 h to a peak of 2.06% at 1100 h; it remained greater than the percentage determined at 0900 h at 1300 (1.4%) through 0000 h (1.1%). Concentration of trans11,cis15-18:2 was greatest with LO, ranging from 3.3% (0900 h) to a peak of 11.4% at 2000 h. Mean trans10-18:1 concentration ranked by diet was SO > FO > LO. Peak trans10-18:1 with SO was observed at 1700 h (14.9%) compared with 0900 h (5.1%). Trans11-18:1 did not differ with diet or time. Stearic acid decreased over time with all diets reaching minimum concentrations at 1700 to 2000 h relative to 0900 h. Feeding FO, however, decreased mean 18:0 concentration 4-fold compared with LO or SO. The moderate effect on concentration of trans-18:1 coupled with accumulation of 18:2 intermediates and the decrease of 18:0 over time suggest that oils reduced the biohydrogenation of 18:2 isomers to trans-18:1.
Loor
J J
JJ
Unité de Recherches sur les Herbivores INRA-Theix, 63122 St.- Genès Champanelle, France. jloor@uiuc.edu
Ueda
K
K
Ferlay
A
A
Chilliard
Y
Y
Doreau
M
M
D000818:Animals; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000737:chemistry; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008043:Linseed Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012417:Rumen / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D044242:Trans Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis
D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005395:Fish Oils; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D044242:Trans Fatty Acids; D008043:Linseed Oil