Cytokine and chemokine response of bone cells after dentin challenge in vitro.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to characterize the effects of dentin extracts on cytokine, chemokine and nitric oxide (NO) production by primary rat bone cells.


METHODS
Osteoblastic bone marrow cultures were exposed to particulate (D-part), non-particulate (D-n-part) and demineralized dentin extracts and evaluated for proliferative activity, cell morphology, alkaline phosphatase activity and bone-like nodule formation. Cytokine production was assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and NO release by the Griess method.


RESULTS
The dentin extracts did not affect osteoblast numbering. Conversely, they up regulated in a dose-dependent manner the production by the osteoblasts of the pro-inflammatory interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), tumor necrosis factor-alpha, IL-6, cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant-1, and of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10. The NO production was stimulated only by D-n-part.


CONCLUSIONS
These results demonstrate that dentin induces the production of inflammatory cytokines by osteoblasts and suggest that pro-resorptive pathways might be stimulated when dentin molecules come into contact with bone cells during pathological processes associated with dentin and bone matrix dissolution.
Department of Stomatology, Pathology, Faculty of Dentistry of Bauru, University of São Paulo, Brazil. tarcilia@zipmail.com.br
T A
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Silva
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Lara
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Rosa
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Cunha
D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000276:immunology; D002455:Cell Division; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000032:analysis*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis*; D003804:Dentin / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000032:analysis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000276:immunology*; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014020:Tissue Extracts / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis; D015854:Up-Regulation
D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D016207:Cytokines; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014020:Tissue Extracts; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase