The use of Campath-1H as induction therapy in renal transplantation: preliminary results.
BACKGROUND
In an attempt to reduce both initial and long-term (nephrotoxic) calcineurin inhibitor maintenance dosage and totally eliminate maintenance corticosteroids, alemtuzumab (Campath-1H) was used as induction therapy in first cadaver and non-HLA-identical living donor renal transplantation.


METHODS
Forty-four de novo renal allograft recipients were treated with Campath-1H (0.3 mg/kg) on days 0 and 4 postoperatively, preceded by methylprednisolone boluses. Maintenance target 12-hr tacrolimus trough levels of 5 to 7 ng/mL were operational from the outset as well as (reduced) mycophenolate mofetil dosage of 500 mg twice daily. No corticosteroids were planned to be given after the first week postoperatively.


RESULTS
With a median follow-up of 9 (range, 1-19) months, patient and graft survival rates are each at 100%. Biopsy-proven acute rejection was diagnosed in four patients. Infections requiring hospitalization developed in four patients. Thirty-eight recipients remain without the need for long-term corticosteroid therapy.


CONCLUSIONS
In an early assessment, the combination of Campath-1H, low dosing of tacrolimus and mycophenolate mofetil, and avoidance of maintenance corticosteroid use seems to be safe and effective for kidney transplant recipients. Long-term outcomes will be reported in the future.
Ciancio
Gaetano
G
Department of Surgery, Division of Transplantation, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA. gciancio@med.miami.edu
Burke
George W
GW
Gaynor
Jeffrey J
JJ
Mattiazzi
Adela
A
Roohipour
Ramin
R
Carreno
Manuel R
MR
Roth
David
D
Ruiz
Phillip
P
Kupin
Warren
W
Rosen
Anne
A
Esquenazi
Violet
V
Tzakis
Andreas G
AG
Miller
Joshua
J
D000074323:Alemtuzumab; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002102:Cadaver; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000453:epidemiology; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014019:Tissue Donors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D000074323:Alemtuzumab; D003404:Creatinine; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid; D016559:Tacrolimus