Challenges in the search for an HIV vaccine.
Considerable progress has been made over the past several years in the development of an HIV vaccine. As a result, a growing number of vaccine modalities are being investigated in pre-clinical and phase I/II clinical trials. However, a number of major scientific challenges still remain. It is widely believed that the ideal vaccine should elicit both neutralizing antibodies and cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTL) against diverse isolates of HIV, but the precise correlates of immunity have not been defined. Recombinant live vector-based vaccines and plasmid DNA vaccines have been shown to induce CTL, either alone or in combination, and these CTL-based vaccines have shown partial protective efficacy in nonhuman primates challenge studies. An immunogen that elicits broadly reactive neutralizing antibodies, however, has yet to be developed.
Lemckert
Angelique A C
AA
Crucell Holland BV, 2301 CA Leiden, The Netherlands. a.lemckert@crucell.com
Goudsmit
Jaap
J
Barouch
Dan H
DH
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006678:HIV / Q000276:immunology*; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015483:HIV Antibodies