Nitric oxide synthase and soluble guanylyl cyclase underlying the modulation of electrical oscillations in a central olfactory organ.
We have isolated and characterized the cDNAs for nitric oxide synthase (NOS) and soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC) from the terrestrial slug Limax marginatus, and examined the presence and distribution of their mRNAs in the central nervous system using histological techniques and a reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction method. Our results showed that both bursting and nonbursting neurons in the procerebral lobes contain the mRNAs for both NOS and sGC. We further found that the oscillation frequency of electrical activity in the procerebral lobes increases with increasing intracellular concentrations of cyclic GMP (cGMP). Taken together with previous data on the NO-induced cGMP-like immunoreactivity and on the anatomical distribution of neurites and the localization of synapses of bursting and nonbursting neurons, our present results suggest that NO-induced changes in cGMP concentration modulate the oscillation frequency in the procerebral lobes by acting on the olfactory input pathways, but possibly not on the output pathways, in slugs. .
Division of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Hokkaido University, North 10, West 8, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-0810, Japan.
Sayoko
S
Fujie
Takehiro
T
Yamamoto
Jun
J
Murakami
Dai
D
Hatakeyama
Hatsuki
H
Shiga
Norio
N
Suzuki
Etsuro
E
Ito
D000200:Action Potentials / Q000235:genetics; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D001683:Biological Clocks / Q000235:genetics*; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000201:enzymology*; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D017952:Ganglia, Invertebrate / Q000201:enzymology; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008974:Mollusca / Q000201:enzymology*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000201:enzymology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D009833:Olfactory Pathways / Q000201:enzymology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000235:genetics; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D000071756:Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase
D018076:DNA, Complementary; D021122:Protein Subunits; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase; D000071756:Soluble Guanylyl Cyclase