A rabbit model of non-cirrhotic portal hypertension by repeated injections of E.coli through indwelling cannulation of the gastrosplenic vein.
BACKGROUND
Non-cirrhotic portal hypertension is a common cause of portal hypertension in developing countries. To understand its etiopathogenesis we developed an animal model by repeated portal endotoxemia induced through the gastrosplenic vein.


METHODS
Twenty-nine rabbits (1.5-2.0 kg) were divided into control (group I, n=13) and experimental (group II, n=16) groups. Heat killed E.coli were injected through an indwelling cannula into the gastrosplenic vein in pre-sensitized animals. The animals were sacrificed at 1, 3 and 6 months.


RESULTS
The mean portal pressure in group II animals was significantly (P<0.05) higher than in group I at 1 (17.5+/-3.4 vs 10.4+/-2.2 mmHg), 3 (17.8+/-1.3 vs 7.2+/-3.6 mm Hg), and 6 (19.8+/-3.1 vs 10.3+/-4.8 mmHg) months. Similarly, the mean splenic weight in group II was significantly greater than in group I (P<0.05). Histopathologically, the spleen showed medullary congestion, hemosidrin-laden macrophages and mild fibrosis. Histologically, the liver had normal parenchyma with mild portal lymphocytic infiltrates and kupffer cell hyperplasia. No significant anomalies were detected by liver function tests.


CONCLUSIONS
The rabbit model showed significant splenomegaly with a persistent increase in portal pressure and mild fibrosis without hepatic parenchymal injury, quite akin to non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis as seen in humans. Recurrent intra-abdominal infection may play an important role in the pathogenesis of non-cirrhotic portal fibrosis.
Omanwar
Swati
S
Departments of Gastroenterology, G. B. Pant Hospital, New Delhi 110002, India.
Rizvi
Moattar R
MR
Kathayat
Rachna
R
Sharma
Brij K
BK
Pandey
Giryesh K
GK
Alam
Mohammad A
MA
Pandey
Giryesh K
GK
Malhotra
Veena
V
Sarin
Shiv K
SK
D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004926:Escherichia coli; D005260:Female; D006975:Hypertension, Portal / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size; D011817:Rabbits; D013154:Spleen / Q000098:blood supply; D013163:Splenomegaly / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013270:Stomach / Q000098:blood supply; D014680:Veins