Germline CDKN2A mutations are rare in child and adolescent cutaneous melanoma.
Early-onset melanoma under the age of 20 years is still a rare disease but has an increasing incidence. The aim of this study was to determine whether CDKN2A germline mutations are present in patients diagnosed with childhood/adolescent melanoma. From the Swedish Cancer Register we identified 60 patients with a diagnosis of cutaneous malignant melanoma before the age of 20 years. A medical history including information on self-reported melanoma heredity was obtained, a physical examination was performed by a dermatologist, and the histopathology slides were reviewed. A blood test was obtained for analysis of germline CDKN2A exon 1 and exon 2 mutations by DNA sequencing. We found only one germline CDKN2A mutation with functional significance, which was an exon 1 missense mutation resulting in a proline-to-leucine substitution in codon 48. This mutation was seen in a patient belonging to a previously reported kindred with hereditary melanoma where this particular germline CDKN2A mutation had been identified. Thus, in the large majority of cutaneous melanoma in childhood/adolescence, any underlying genetic alterations have yet to be identified.
Berg
Peter
P
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Radiumhemmet, Karolinska University Hospital Solna, Stockholm, Sweden. peter.berg@ks.se
Wennberg
Ann-Marie
AM
Tuominen
Rainer
R
Sander
Birgitta
B
Rozell
Barbro Lundh
BL
Platz
Anton
A
Hansson
Johan
J
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000235:genetics*; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D018095:Germ-Line Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D020125:Mutation, Missense / Q000235:genetics; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology
D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16