Anti-nociceptive and sedative effects of sufentanil long acting during and after sevoflurane anaesthesia in dogs.
The purpose of the present study was to determine the most effective time interval between the administration of sufentanil long acting (LA) and the induction of sevoflurane anaesthesia in dogs. The occurrence of sedation, analgesia and other marked side-effects were evaluated in addition to the possible dosage-reducing effect of sufentanil on sevoflurane in dogs. Forty clinically normal beagles aged 1-2 years and weighing between 8.4 and 13.6 kg were included. Two control groups were used: one group of dogs (A) received sufentanil LA (50 microg/kg i.m.) and a second group (B) the sufentanil vehicle followed by standard inhalation anaesthesia of 90 min. After premedication with sufentanil LA immediately before (C0), 15 min (D15) or 30 min (E30) prior to induction with thiopental (i.v.) the dogs were anaesthetized for 90 min with sevoflurane in oxygen. Pain and sedation scores were evaluated every 10 min during sevoflurane anaesthesia and at 2 (T120), 4 (T240) and 24 h (T1440) after initiation of anaesthesia. The occurrence of adverse reactions such as hypothermia, lateral recumbency, ataxia, noise sensitivity, vomiting, defaecation, salivation, nystagmus and excitation was observed at the same time-points. During the recovery period pain scores were lower and sedation scores higher in the sufentanil LA groups. In many dogs acceptable pain and sedation scores persisted during 24 h. Several dogs showed ataxia, lateral recumbency, arousal on auditory stimulation, defaecation, salivation and excitation at several time-points after sufentanil LA administration. Sufentanil LA in addition to sevoflurane anaesthesia offered beneficial dosage-reducing analgesic effects up to 69.8% for thiopental and 78.3% for sevoflurane; although several typical opioid side-effects occurred. To achieve this advantageous dosage-reducing effect 15 min should be respected between sufentanil LA administration and induction of sevoflurane anaesthesia.
Department of Small Animal Medicine and Clinical Biology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburgylaan 133, B-9820 Merelbeke, Belgium. ingeborgh.polis@ugent.be
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Polis
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Moens
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Gasthuys
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Hoeben
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Tshamala
D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000758:Anesthesia / Q000662:veterinary*; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005260:Female; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D017409:Sufentanil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000759:Adjuvants, Anesthesia; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D017409:Sufentanil