Using color Doppler sonography to identify the perivesical umbilical arteries: a useful method in the prenatal diagnosis of omphalocele-exstrophy-imperforate anus-spinal defects complex.
OBJECTIVE
To describe the different prenatal sonographic findings in 3 cases of omphalocele-exstrophy-imperforate anus-spinal defects (OEIS) complex, or cloacal exstrophy.


METHODS
Three patients with OEIS complex were examined by sonography. In 2 (cases 2 and 3) of the 3 cases, color Doppler sonography was applied to the area of cord insertion and the abdominal mass to determine the origin of the abdominal mass.


RESULTS
Three cases of OEIS complex with different sonographic appearances are included in this series. An absent bladder without an abdominal mass but with bowel floating in the amniotic cavity was revealed in case 1; an absent bladder with a lower anterior abdominal mass was found in the second trimester in case 2; and a large cystlike mass located in the anterior abdominal wall was found in case 3. Color Doppler imaging showed that the abdominal mass originated from the urinary bladder in cases 2 and 3; therefore, OEIS complex was presumptively diagnosed antenatally in these cases. In all cases, OEIS complex was confirmed postnatally.


CONCLUSIONS
Omphalocele-exstrophy-imperforate anus-spinal defects complex should be considered in patients with an absent bladder combined with either an anterior abdominal wall mass or defects. Special attention should be given to search for other combined anomalies. We suggest that color Doppler sonography for identifying the perivesical umbilical arteries is a very useful method in establishing of the diagnosis of OEIS complex.
Wu
Joung-Liang
JL
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Changhua Christian Hospital, 135 Nanhsiao St, 500, Taiwan, Republic of China.
Fang
Kung-Hong
KH
Yeh
Guang-Perng
GP
Chou
Pan-Hsin
PH
Hsieh
Charles Tsung-Che
CT
D000328:Adult; D001006:Anus, Imperforate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology; D001746:Bladder Exstrophy / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006554:Hernia, Umbilical / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal; D014469:Umbilical Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*