Value of plasma fibrin D-dimers for detection of acute aortic dissection.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this research was to assess the value of systemic inflammatory biomarkers in the detection of acute aortic dissection (AD).


BACKGROUND
Rapid diagnosis and initiation of treatment is pivotal for patients with acute AD. So far, there is no laboratory test to aid the diagnosis.


METHODS
Plasma fibrin D-dimers, white blood cell (WBC) count, C-reactive protein (CRP), and fibrinogen were determined in 64 chest-pain (CP) patients (acute AD, n = 16; pulmonary embolism [PE], n = 16; acute myocardial infarction [AMI], n = 16; non-cardiac CP, n = 16); 32 asymptomatic patients with chronic AD served as a control group.


RESULTS
All acute AD patients showed highly elevated D-dimer values that were similar to PE patients (2,238 +/- 1,765 microg/l vs. 1,531 +/- 837 microg/l, p = 0.15) but significantly higher than in chronic AD, AMI, or CP patients (p < 0.001). The WBC count was significantly increased in patients with acute AD compared with the other groups (p < 0.001); in addition, CRP values differed only non-significantly from PE patients(p = 0.71). There were no differences in the fibrinogen levels between the groups.


CONCLUSIONS
D-dimers are highly elevated in both acute PE and acute AD. Patients with acute AD show significant systemic inflammatory reactions. Measurement of D-dimers may be a valuable addition to the current diagnostic work-up of patients with suspected AD.
Department of Cardiology, West-German Heart Center Essen, University of Duisburg-Essen, Germany. holger.eggebrecht@uni-essen.de
Holger
H
Eggebrecht
Christoph K
CK
Naber
Christian
C
Bruch
Knut
K
Kröger
Clemens
C
von Birgelen
Axel
A
Schmermund
Marc
M
Wichert
Thomas
T
Bartel
Klaus
K
Mann
Raimund
R
Erbel
D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000784:Aortic Dissection / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality; D001014:Aortic Aneurysm / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality; D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000032:analysis*; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000032:analysis*; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012372:ROC Curve
D015415:Biomarkers; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; C036309:fibrin fragment D; D005340:Fibrinogen; D002097:C-Reactive Protein