Pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
This article provides an overview of the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus. Discussion begins by describing normal glucose homeostasis and ingestion of a typical meal and then discusses glucose homeostasis in diabetes. Topics covered include insulin secretion in type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance, the site of insulin resistance, the interaction between insulin sensitivity and secretion, the role of adipocytes in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes, cellular mechanisms of insulin resistance including glucose transport and phosphorylation, glycogen and synthesis,glucose and oxidation, glycolysis, and insulin signaling.
Diabetes Division, University of Texas Health Science Center, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA.
Ralph A
RA
DeFronzo
D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D008297:Male; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin