Nasal histamine reactivity among adolescents in a remediated moisture-damaged school--a longitudinal study.
In a previous study, in the spring of 1995, we found that teachers, who had been working for several years in a moister-damaged school, 1 year after the renovation still reported a higher frequency of complaints and symptoms and showed significantly higher mucosal histamine reactivity compared with teachers in a control school, although the school seemed to be properly renovated. A longitudinal study of 90 randomly selected senior high school students entering the two schools was initiated to exclude or verify if the indoor air still exerted an irritant effect on the upper airways of an earlier unexposed group. The students went through a nasal histamine provocation test and answered a questionnaire on three occasions, in 1995, 1996 and 1997. No significant differences in the nasal histamine provocation curves for the students at the target school and those at the control school could be shown from start to endpoint of the study period. Neither was there any differences concerning perceived indoor air or mucosal symptoms between the target and the control group and technical measurements showed no noteworthy differences between the two schools. In conclusion, this study indicates that based on both technical and objective medical measures, the current indoor air in the remediated moisture-damaged school does not exert an irritant effect on the upper airway mucosa of the students. A 2-year follow-up of the teachers showed a decreased reactivity to histamine, giving further support to this statement. The increased mucosal reactivity observed among the teachers is probably a result of the previous long-term exposure to building dampness. No differences were seen between atopic and non-atopic students.


CONCLUSIONS
Persistent symptoms and increased nasal mucosal reactivity among personnel in a remediated damp building does not necessary imply an inadequate renovation. A longitudinal study with registration of subjective (questionnaires) and objective (nasal histamine reactivity) data of an earlier unexposed group residing in the same building further contributes to the evaluation whether the renovation was successful or not.
Rudblad
S
S
Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Orebro University Hospital, Orebro, Sweden. stig.rudblad@orebroll.se
Andersson
K
K
Stridh
G
G
Bodin
L
L
Juto
J E
JE
D000293:Adolescent; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005178:Faculty; D005260:Female; D006632:Histamine / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D006813:Humidity / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects*; D009299:Nasal Provocation Tests; D012574:Schools; D013334:Students
D006632:Histamine