Regulation of mineral-to-matrix ratio of lumbar trabecular bone in ovariectomized rats treated with risedronate in combination with or without vitamin K2.
The relationship between bone turnover and bone tissue and material properties was examined in ovariectomized (OVX) rats treated with risedronate in combination with or without vitamin K2. Seventy female rats, 18 weeks of age, were assigned to 7 groups (n=10): sham-operated + vehicle control; OVX + vehicle control; OVX + risedronate 0.1, 0.5, or 2.5 mg/kg/day po; OVX + vitamin K2 approximately 30 mg/kg/day po; OVX + vitamin K2 (approximately 30 mg/kg/day) and risedronate (0.5 mg/kg/day). Treatments were given daily for 9 months. To assess bone turnover, we measured serum osteocalcin and urinary deoxypyridinoline at 0, 3, and 9 months. To assess vertebral and femoral tissue and material properties, bone mass, bone mineral density (BMD by DXA), trabecular bone structure (vertebra: 3D-microCT), cortical bone structure (femur: histomorphometry), biomechanical properties, and mineral properties (mineral-to-matrix and carbonate-to-phosphate ratios by Fourier transform infrared microspectroscopy) were measured ex vivo at 9 months. Ovariectomy increased bone turnover and induced significant loss of bone mass/density, structure, mineral properties (mineral-to-matrix ratio), and strength. Risedronate produced dose-dependent inhibition of the ovariectomy-induced increase in turnover and loss of bone mass/density, structure, mineral-to-matrix ratio, and strength, with a lowest effective dose of 0.1-0.5 mg/kg/day. High-dose risedronate (2.5 mg/kg/day) did not induce increases in any parameter above that of sham control. Vitamin K2 had no effects. In the OVX groups, urinary deoxypyridinoline at 3 and 9 months correlated significantly with vertebral BMD, trabecular bone volume, ultimate load, stiffness, and mineral-to-matrix ratio, and with femoral BMD, cortical area, and ultimate load. These results support the concept that changes in bone tissue and material properties can result directly from changes in bone turnover. Different effects among different drugs on material properties, including mineral-to-matrix ratio, may reflect differences in the relative rate and magnitude of osteoclastic bone resorption and osteoblastic primary bone mineralization.
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, 807-8555, Kitakyushu, Japan. h-otomo@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp
Hajime
H
Otomo
Akinori
A
Sakai
Satoshi
S
Ikeda
Shinya
S
Tanaka
Masako
M
Ito
Roger J
RJ
Phipps
Toshitaka
T
Nakamura
D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000652:urine; D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D012968:Etidronic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000187:drug effects; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D010052:Ovariectomy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000068296:Risedronic Acid; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D024482:Vitamin K 2 / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000596:Amino Acids; D015675:Osteocalcin; D024482:Vitamin K 2; C036020:deoxypyridinoline; D000068296:Risedronic Acid; D012968:Etidronic Acid