Interleukin 1 polymorphisms and intervertebral disc degeneration.
BACKGROUND
Enzymatic breakdown of the extracellular matrix, and possibly local inflammation, contributes to intervertebral disc degeneration. We investigated whether polymorphisms within the IL-1 gene locus are associated with lumbar disc degeneration and whether the effect of occupational physical load on disc degeneration is modified by the polymorphisms.


METHODS
Genotypes were determined from 133 middle-aged men who underwent magnetic resonance imaging of the lumbar spine. The participants represented 3 occupations: 40 were machine drivers, 42 carpenters, and 51 office workers. We evaluated decreased signal intensity of the nucleus pulposus, disc bulges, and decreased disc height as signs of degeneration in the L2/L3-L5/S1 discs.


RESULTS
The odds ratio for disc bulges was 2.4 (95% confidence interval = 1.2-4.8) and 1.9 (1.0-3.7), in carriers of the IL-1alphaT or IL-1betaT alleles, respectively. The TT genotype of the IL-1alpha gene carried more than 3-fold risk of disc bulges as compared with the CC genotype.


CONCLUSIONS
IL-1 gene cluster polymorphisms could affect the risk of disc degeneration. The effect of physical workload seems to be modified by the IL-1 gene polymorphisms.
Solovieva
Svetlana
S
Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Helsinki, Finland. Svetlana.Solovieva@ttl.fi
Kouhia
Sanna
S
Leino-Arjas
Päivi
P
Ala-Kokko
Leena
L
Luoma
Katariina
K
Raininko
Raili
R
Saarela
Janna
J
Riihimäki
Hilkka
H
D000328:Adult; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D007403:Intervertebral Disc / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009790:Occupations; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
D007375:Interleukin-1