Effects of low-molecular-weight organic acids and residence time on desorption of Cu, Cd, and Pb from soils.
Effects of low-molecular-weight organic acids (LMWOAs) and residence time on desorption of Cu, Cd, and Pb from two typical Chinese soils were studied. Citric, malic, and acetic acids were chosen as representatives of LMWOAs commonly present in soils. CaCl(2) and NaNO(3) were used in desorption as they were main soil background electrolytes for comparison. Desorption of Cu, Cd, and Pb from both soils followed the descending order: citric acid>malic acid>acetic acid>CaCl(2)>NaNO(3), which was consistent with the order of stability of Cu-, Cd-, and Pb-LMWOAs complexes from large to small and ion exchange ability of Ca(2+) and Na(+). Desorption of metals by inorganic salts decreased with increasing desorption solution pH. Whereas desorption of metals by LMWOAs showed different trend in response to pH change due to their different complexing abilities. Malic and acetic acids released less metals at low pH 3.1 compared with citric acid at pH 7, indicating that pH was not the dominant factor governing the release of metals. In addition, all LMWOAs desorbed more metals than inorganic salts, CaCl(2) and NaNO(3). Therefore, organic ligands played a dominant role in desorption of heavy metals. More metals were released from Jiangxi soil than from Heilongjiang soil due to lower soil pH, CEC, organic matter content and manganese oxide of Jiangxi soil. Generally, desorption of metals decreased with increasing residence time of metals in soils.
Qin
Fei
F
Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China.
Shan
Xiao-quan
XQ
Wei
Bei
B
D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D000327:Adsorption; D002104:Cadmium / Q000737:chemistry*; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007854:Lead / Q000737:chemistry*; D008293:Malates / Q000737:chemistry*; D008970:Molecular Weight; D012977:Sodium Nitrite / Q000737:chemistry; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis
D008293:Malates; D012987:Soil; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium; D019343:Citric Acid; D007854:Lead; D003300:Copper; C030298:malic acid; D012977:Sodium Nitrite; D002122:Calcium Chloride; D019342:Acetic Acid