Ileal amino acid digestibility and performance of growing pigs fed wheat-based diets supplemented with xylanase.
Two experiments were conducted to determine the effect of supplementation of xylanase to a wheat-based diet on the apparent ileal digestibility (AID) of AA and the performance of growing pigs fed diets limiting in AA. In Exp. 1, eight pigs (average initial BW = 20.5+/-1.2 kg) fitted with a simple T-cannula at the distal ileum, were fed four diets according to a repeated 4 x 4 Latin square design. Diet 1 was a basal diet that contained 97.6% wheat. Diets 2, 3, and 4 were the basal diet supplemented with xylanase at rates of 5,500, 11,000, and 16,500 units of xylanase activity (XU), respectively (as-fed basis). There were linear and quadratic effects (0.062 < P < 0.001) of xylanase supplementation on the AID of CP and most of the AA. The largest increases in AID of CP and AA were obtained when xylanase was supplemented at a rate of 11,000 XU; no further increases were observed with xylanase supplementation at a rate of 16,500 XU. In Exp. 2, 30 pigs (average initial BW 21.4+/-1.8 kg) were randomly allotted to six dietary treatments. Diets 1 to 4 were similar to those used in Exp. 1. Diet 5 was the same as Diet 1, but supplemented with 0.53% lysine, 0.12% threonine, and 0.05% methionine. Diet 6 (positive control diet) was a wheat-soybean meal diet that contained 18.2% CP (as-fed basis). The total contents of lysine, threonine, and methionine were similar for Diets 5 and 6. There was a linear effect of xylanase supplementation on ADG (P = 0.093) and feed:gain ratio (P = 0.089), and a quadratic effect on ADG (P = 0.067) and feed:gain ratio (P = 0.074). But, the greatest response was obtained with the supplementation of 11,000 XU. The supplementation of lysine, threonine, and methionine to Diet 1 increased (P = 0.001) ADG and ADFI and improved (P = 0.01) feed:gain ratio. There was no difference (P = 0.508) in the performance of pigs fed the AA-supplemented or control diet. In conclusion, the supplementation of xylanase to a diet in which wheat provided the sole source of protein and energy improved the AID of AA, ADG, and feed:gain ratio; however, this improvement was very small compared with that obtained with the supplementation of synthetic amino acids.
Barrera
M
M
Instituto de Ciencias Agrícolas, Universidad Autónoma de Baja California, Mexicali, México.
Cervantes
M
M
Sauer
W C
WC
Araiza
A B
AB
Torrentera
N
N
Cervantes
M
M
D000596:Amino Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004063:Digestion; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D043364:Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D007082:Ileum / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009753:Nutritive Value; D011897:Random Allocation; D013552:Swine / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014908:Triticum; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
D000596:Amino Acids; D043364:Endo-1,4-beta Xylanases