Carotenoid depletion in serum of young type-1 diabetics fed low-carotenoid diets.
OBJECTIVE
Type-1 diabetics have been considered to be at risk for increased oxidative stress which has been implicated in the development of long-term diabetes complications. Evidence suggests that antioxidant activity may be an important mechanism by which carotenoids could confer protection in human health. Our aim was to compare the serum carotenoid depletion rate in type-1 diabetics and control subjects consuming low-carotenoid diets.


METHODS
Ten type-1 diabetics and 8 controls followed a very low-carotenoid diet for 21 days. Dietary intake was recorded daily and fasting blood samples collected at baseline and after 1, 2, 3, 6, 11, 15, 16, 17, and 21 days. Individual carotenoids in serum were analyzed by a validated HPLC method.


RESULTS
In both groups, carotenoid intake was less than 5% of the season-adjusted carotenoid reference intake. These diets resulted in decreased serum carotenoid levels in both groups, although depletion curves, final mean concentrations and the estimated half-life of carotenoids in serum revealed no differences between type-1 diabetics and controls. Levels of other minor serum carotenoids, cis-isomers and keto-carotenoids, also decreased whereas serum retinol and alpha- and gamma-tocopherol did not change during the study.


CONCLUSIONS
Upon a low-carotenoid intake, the depletion rate of carotenoids in serum in young type-1 diabetics does not differ from that observed in matched related controls.
Unidad de Vitaminas, Servicio de Endocrinología y Nutrición, Hospital Universitario Puerta de Hierro, Madrid, Spain.
F
F
Granado
B
B
Olmedilla
I
I
Blanco
D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood* / Q000172:deficiency; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D065366:Cryptoxanthins; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood*; D004032:Diet; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000077276:Lycopene; D008297:Male; D024341:Xanthophylls; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood
D000975:Antioxidants; D065366:Cryptoxanthins; D024341:Xanthophylls; D019207:beta Carotene; D002338:Carotenoids; D000077276:Lycopene