Copper-diamine-catalyzed N-arylation of pyrroles, pyrazoles, indazoles, imidazoles, and triazoles.
This paper details the copper-catalyzed N-arylation of pi-excessive nitrogen heterocycles. The coupling of either aryl iodides or aryl bromides with common nitrogen heterocycles (pyrroles, pyrazoles, indazoles, imidazoles, and triazoles) was successfully performed in good yield with catalysts derived from diamine ligands and CuI. General conditions were found that tolerate functional groups such as aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, primary amines, and nitriles on the aryl halide or heterocycle. Hindered aryl halides or heterocycles were also found to be suitable substrates using the conditions reported herein.
Department of Chemistry, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
Jon C
JC
Antilla
Jeremy M
JM
Baskin
Timothy E
TE
Barder
Stephen L
SL
Buchwald
D002384:Catalysis; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry*; D003959:Diamines / Q000737:chemistry*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D014230:Triazoles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry
D003959:Diamines; D007093:Imidazoles; D011720:Pyrazoles; D011758:Pyrroles; D014230:Triazoles; D003300:Copper