Amphotericin B lipid complex: in visceral leishmaniasis.
Amphotericin B lipid complex is a lipid formulation of amphotericin B, an antifungal drug with activity against Leishmania spp. Amphotericin B lipid complex appears to enhance uptake of amphotericin B by infected macrophages in patients with visceral leishmaniasis (VL). In randomised, open-label, dose-ranging studies, short-course treatment with once-daily amphotericin B lipid complex (5-15 mg/kg total cumulative dose over 5 days), administered by intravenous infusion, produced high rates of apparent (day 19) [93-100%] and definitive (6 months) [79-100%] cures in Indian patients with antimonial-resistant VL. Amphotericin B lipid complex appeared to be as effective as liposomal amphotericin B or the conventional deoxycholate formulation in a randomised, open-label study conducted in India in a mixed population of patients with previously untreated or antimonial-resistant VL. In patients with HIV infection and VL, amphotericin B lipid complex 3 mg/kg/day for 5 or 10 days appeared to be as effective as meglumine antimonate 20 mg/kg/day for 28 days in a small randomised pilot study in southern Europe. Amphotericin B lipid complex was generally well tolerated in patients with VL. Infusion-related reactions were the most common adverse events associated with amphotericin B lipid complex.
Adis International Limited, Auckland, New Zealand. demail@adis.co.nz
David R
DR
Goldsmith
Caroline M
CM
Perry
D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010715:Phosphatidylglycerols / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D010715:Phosphatidylglycerols; C068538:liposomal amphotericin B; D000666:Amphotericin B