Higher 25-hydroxyvitamin D concentrations are associated with better lower-extremity function in both active and inactive persons aged > or =60 y.
BACKGROUND
Vitamin D may improve muscle strength through a highly specific nuclear receptor in muscle tissue.


OBJECTIVE
We investigated whether there is an association between 25-hydroxyvitamin D [25(OH)D] concentrations and lower-extremity function in ambulatory older persons, whether that association differs by activity level, and, if so, whether there is an identifiable threshold in the association.


METHODS
The study was a population-based survey of the ambulatory US population aged 60 to > or =90 y (n = 4100). Lower-extremity function according to serum 25(OH)D concentrations was assessed by linear regression analyses and regression plots after control for activity level (inactive or active) and several other potential confounders. Separate analyses were performed for the timed 8-foot (ie, 2.4 m) walk test and a repeated sit-to-stand test.


RESULTS
The 8-foot walk test compared subjects in the lowest and highest quintiles of 25(OH)D; the latter group had an average decrease of 0.27 s [95% CI: -0.44, -0.09 s (or 5.6%); P for trend < 0.001]. The sit-to-stand test compared subjects in the lowest and highest quintiles of 25(OH)D; the latter group had an average decrease of 0.67 s [95% CI: -1.11, -0.23 s (or 3.9%); P for trend = 0.017]. In the 25(OH)D reference range of 22.5-94 nmol/L, most of the improvement occurred in subjects with 25(OH)D concentrations between 22.5 and approximately 40 nmol/L, and further improvement was seen in the range of 40-94 nmol/L. Stratification by activity level showed no significant effect modification.


CONCLUSIONS
In both active and inactive ambulatory persons aged > or =60 y, 25(OH)D concentrations between 40 and 94 nmol/L are associated with better musculoskeletal function in the lower extremities than are concentrations < 40 nmol/L.
Bischoff-Ferrari
Heike A
HA
Division of Aging, The Robert B Brigham Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Diseases Clinical Research Center, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 1620 Tremont Street, Boston, MA 02120, USA. hbischof@hsph.harvard.edu
Dietrich
Thomas
T
Orav
E John
EJ
Hu
Frank B
FB
Zhang
Yuqing
Y
Karlson
Elisabeth W
EW
Dawson-Hughes
Bess
B
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D016330:Frail Elderly; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009142:Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D010809:Physical Fitness; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood*; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000150:complications*
D014807:Vitamin D; C104450:25-hydroxyvitamin D