Synthesis of [(MeCyt)2H]I-structure and stability of a dimeric threefold hydrogen-bonded 1-methylcytosinium 1-methylcytosine cation.
Reaction of trimethylsilyl-protected cytosine with methyl iodide afforded N1-methylated product. Subsequent treatment with ethanol resulted in cleavage of the protection group forming [(MeCyt)2H]I (4). Identity of was confirmed by microanalysis, mass spectrometry, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy and by single-crystal X-ray diffraction analysis. Crystals of consist of dimeric [(MeCyt)2H]+ cations and I- anions. These ions are arranged in the crystal such that there is a strong base stacking (mean stacking distance 3,467 angstroms) and, furthermore, pi interactions between I- and cytosine rings (mean distance 3,737 angstroms). The dimeric [(MeCyt)2H]+ cations are centrosymmetric having three strong hydrogen bonds, namely two terminal N4-H...O' ones (N4...O' 2.815(4) angstroms) and a central N3-H...N3' (N3...N3' 2.813(4) angstroms) one. Quantum chemical calculations on the DFT level of theory show that the gas phase structure of the dimeric cation exhibits two different terminal N-HO hydrogen bonds, a stronger (N4...O' 2.722 angstroms) and a weaker one (N4'...O 2.960 angstroms). The central N3-HN3[prime or minute] hydrogen bond (N3...N3' 2.852 angstroms) was characterized to have an unsymmetrically located proton and a typical double minimum potential with a very low activation barrier. The interaction energy between [(MeCyt)H]+ and MeCyt yielding [(MeCyt)2H]+ was calculated to be -42.4 kcal mol(-1)(ZPE and BSSE corrected). Comparison with the interaction energy (calculated on the same level of the theory) between cytosine and guanine yielding the triply hydrogen-bonded Watson-Crick dimer (-24.2 kcal mol(-1)) revealed a much higher stability of the hydrogen bonds in [(MeCyt)2H]+.
Krüger
Thomas
T
Institut für Anorganische Chemie, Martin-Luther-Universitat Halle-Wittenberg, D-06120, Halle, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 2, Germany.
Bruhn
Clemens
C
Steinborn
Dirk
D
D000838:Anions / Q000737:chemistry; D002412:Cations / Q000737:chemistry; D003596:Cytosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D007454:Iodides / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008958:Models, Molecular; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011789:Quantum Theory; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
D000838:Anions; D002412:Cations; D007454:Iodides; C031532:1-methylcytosine; D003596:Cytosine