Management of hyperprolactinemia in patients receiving antipsychotics.
Hyperprolactinemia is increasingly prevalent in patients with common psychiatric disorders due to increasing prescriptions of antipsychotics, particularly newer atypical neuroleptics, in these patients. However, measurement of prolactin levels is indicated only in symptomatic patients. When hyper-prolactinemia is diagnosed, work-up should include exclusion of other causes of hyperprolactinemia, particularly those that might require treatment. Once such causes have been ruled out, a minority of patients with antipsychotic medication-induced hyperprolactinemia, including those with clinically significant signs and symptoms, will require treatment. When treatment is indicated, specifically when hyperprolactinemia results in amenorrhea in women or testosterone deficiency in men, dopamine agonist therapy is generally not advisable. Hormone-replacement therapy, which involves estrogen/progestogen in women and testosterone in men, can often prevent modification and interruption of successful psychiatric medication regimens.
Neuroendocrine Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Karen K
KK
Miller
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000075202:Contraindications; D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D005260:Female; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy; D006801:Humans; D006966:Hyperprolactinemia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D013739:Testosterone / Q000627:therapeutic use
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D013739:Testosterone