Neutralizing antibodies in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus infection.
BACKGROUND
Severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS)-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is the principal etiologic agent of SARS. We analyzed serum samples obtained from 623 patients with SARS in Beijing, to determine whether infection with SARS-CoV can elicit neutralizing antibodies (NAbs).


METHODS
We developed a highly sensitive and safe neutralization assay using the SARS-CoV pseudotyped virus and used this assay to determine the titers of the NAbs in serum samples from patients with SARS.


RESULTS
We found that 85.9% of serum samples contained NAbs against SARS-CoV and that most of the NAb activities could be attributed to immunoglobulin G. The NAbs became detectable first at 5-10 days after the onset of symptoms, and their levels peaked at 20-30 days and then were sustained for >150 days. The serum samples could neutralize the pseudotype particles bearing the spike glycoproteins from different SARS-CoV strains, suggesting that the NAbs to SARS-CoV were broadly reactive.


CONCLUSIONS
NAbs to SARS-CoV are broadly elicited in patients with SARS and, according to their kinetics, may correlate with viral load during the early stages of the disease. These results suggest that it is possible to develop effective vaccines against SARS and that NAbs provide a potential strategy for treating patients with SARS.
Nie
Yuchun
Y
Department of Cell Biology and Genetics, College of Life Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
Wang
Guangwen
G
Shi
Xuanling
X
Zhang
Hong
H
Qiu
Yan
Y
He
Zhongping
Z
Wang
Wei
W
Lian
Gewei
G
Yin
Xiaolei
X
Du
Liying
L
Ren
Lili
L
Wang
Jianwei
J
He
Xiong
X
Li
Taisheng
T
Deng
Hongkui
H
Ding
Mingxiao
M
D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007158:Immunologic Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D045473:Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / Q000276:immunology*; D045169:Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D019562:Viral Load
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins