Immunokinetics of autoreactive CD4 T cells in blood: a reporter for the "hit-and-run" autoimmune attack on pancreas and diabetes progression.
Little is known about the fate of autoreactive CD4 T cells in blood. Using a mouse model for spontaneous autoimmune diabetes we demonstrated that the status of the autoimmune process in pancreas could be pictured through the frequency and phenotype of autoreactive CD4 T cells in the blood. Early during the prediabetic stage, the frequency of these cells in blood decreased as a consequence of their recruitment in the pancreas. This was followed by an imbalance between CD4(+)CD25(+) and CD4(+)CD69(+) T cells in the pancreas that was mirrored in the phenotype of autoreactive T cells in the blood. Waves of activated CD4(+)CD69(+) T cells in blood preceded the disease onset suggesting that the autoimmune attack on pancreas is a discontinuous "hit-and-run" rather than a continuous process. Tracking autoreactive CD4 T cells in blood may help in identifying prediabetic humans and monitoring the disease progression during therapeutic interventions.
Department of Microbiology, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, One Gustave L. Levy Place, Box 1124, New York, NY 10029, USA.
Sunil K
SK
George
Ioana
I
Preda
Serine
S
Avagyan
Robert C
RC
McEvoy
Robert
R
Rapaport
Teodor-Doru
TD
Brumeanu
Sofia
S
Casares
D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D015551:Autoimmunity; D001773:Blood Cells / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000276:immunology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018450:Disease Progression; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007700:Kinetics; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D010182:Pancreatic Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000637:transplantation; D000099192:CD69 Antigens
D015703:Antigens, CD; D000945:Antigens, Differentiation, T-Lymphocyte; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D000099192:CD69 Antigens