Unresponsiveness of platelets lacking both Galpha(q) and Galpha(13). Implications for collagen-induced platelet activation.
The diffusible platelet stimuli ADP and thromboxane A(2) activate multiple G protein-mediated signaling pathways and function as important secondary mediators of platelet activation as they are released from activated platelets. Because they can also increase their own formation and release, their effects are amplified; eventually, all major G protein-mediated signaling pathways are activated. The multiple positive feedback mechanisms operating during platelet activation have obscured the exact analysis of the roles individual G protein-mediated signaling pathways play during the platelet activation process. In this report, we show that platelets lacking G(q) and G(13) are completely unresponsive to diffusible stimuli such as ADP, thromboxane A(2), or thrombin, even when applied at very high concentrations in combination, whereas all stimuli are able to induce platelet aggregation, shape change, and RhoA activation in platelets lacking only one Galpha subunit. This shows that G(q) or G(13) is required to induce some platelet activation, whereas the activation of G(i)-mediated signaling alone is not sufficient to induceactivation of mouse platelets. In addition, platelets lacking Galpha(q) and Galpha(13) adhered normally to collagen under high shearbut did not aggregate any more in response to collagen, indicating that collagen-induced platelet activation but not platelet adhesion requires intact G protein-mediated signaling pathways.
Moers
Alexandra
A
Pharmakologisches Institut, Universität Heidelberg, Im Neuenheimer Feld 366, 69120 Heidelberg, Germany.
Wettschureck
Nina
N
Grüner
Sabine
S
Nieswandt
Bernhard
B
Offermanns
Stefan
S
D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044365:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, G12-G13 / Q000502:physiology*; D043802:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11 / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D018994:Myosin Light Chains / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013928:Thromboxane A2 / Q000494:pharmacology; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein / Q000502:physiology
D018994:Myosin Light Chains; D013928:Thromboxane A2; D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; D003094:Collagen; D044365:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, G12-G13; D043802:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein