Vesicoureteral reflux: surgical approaches.
The treatment of vesicoureteral reflux has evolved over the past half-century from primarily surgical to nonoperative treatments. Although the benefits of surgical correction versus medical management are debated, the surgical techniques that have evolved are highly effective in correcting vesicoureteral reflux. Recently, the US Food and Drug Administration has approved an injectable implant of dextranomer/hyaluronic acid copolymer for use in children, making the endoscopic treatment of reflux a potential alternative to open surgical correction. This article reviews the different surgical techniques,postoperative management, and complications, as well as the various implants used in the endoscopic correction of vesicoureteral reflux and their outcomes.
Austin
J Christopher
JC
Division of Pediatric Urology, Department of Urology, The University of Iowa College of Medicine, Children's Hospital of Iowa, 3120 RCP, 200 Hawkins Drive, Iowa City, IA 52242-1089, USA. chris-austin@uiowa.edu
Cooper
Christopher S
CS
D000818:Animals; D003558:Cystoscopy; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D012092:Replantation; D015607:Stents; D014513:Ureter / Q000601:surgery*; D014546:Urinary Catheterization; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000601:surgery*