Influence of insulin on glucose metabolism and energy expenditure in septic patients.
BACKGROUND
It is recognized that administration of insulin with glucose decreases catabolic response in sepsis. The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of two levels of insulinaemia on glucose metabolism and energy expenditure in septic patients and volunteers.


METHODS
Glucose uptake, oxidation and storage, and energy expenditure were measured, using indirect calorimetry, in 20 stable septic patients and 10 volunteers in a two-step hyperinsulinaemic (serum insulin levels 250 and 1250 mIU/l), euglycaemic (blood glucose concentration 5 mmol/l) clamp. Differences between steps of the clamp (from serum insulin 1250 to 250 mIU/l) for all parameters were calculated for each individual, and compared between septic patients and volunteers using the Wilcoxon nonpaired test.


RESULTS
Differences in glucose uptake and storage were significantly less in septic patients. The differences in glucose oxidation between the groups were not statistically significant. Baseline energy expenditure was significantly higher in septic patients, and there was no significant increase in either step of the clamp in this group; when comparing the two groups, the differences between steps were significantly greater in volunteers.


CONCLUSIONS
A hyperdynamic state of sepsis leads to a decrease in glucose uptake and storage in comparison with healthy volunteers. An increase in insulinaemia leads to an increase in all parameters of glucose metabolism, but the increases in glucose uptake and storage are significantly lower in septic patients. A high level of insulinaemia in sepsis increases glucose uptake and oxidation significantly, but not energy expenditure, in comparison with volunteers.
Department of Medicine I, Charles University Hospital, Plzen, Czech Republic. rusavy@fnplzen.cz
Zdenek
Z
Rusavy
Vladimir
V
Sramek
Silvie
S
Lacigova
Ivan
I
Novak
Pavel
P
Tesinsky
Ian A
IA
Macdonald
D018806:APACHE; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002151:Calorimetry; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D005947:Glucose