Socio-economic deprivation and survival in bladder cancer.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the relationship between deprivation, delay and survival from bladder cancer in the West Midlands, as socio-economic deprivation is associated with worse survival in many malignancies, and it has been suggested that treatment differences and delay in seeking care are major contributing causes.


METHODS
Data were prospectively collected on 1537 newly diagnosed cases of urothelial cancer presenting in the West Midlands between January 1991 and June 1992. Survival was censored at 31 July 2000, when 785 (51%) patients had died. The influence of deprivation on survival was explored using cause-specific and all-cause mortality.


RESULTS
Patients in less affluent groups had significantly worse survival than patients in more affluent groups when considering deaths from all causes (P = 0.02), which held true when adjusting for independent prognostic factors (age, smoking history, and tumour grade, stage, type and size). Bladder cancer-specific mortality showed no significant difference between socio-economic groups (P = 0.30).


CONCLUSIONS
Socio-economic deprivation is a significant predictor of survival when death from all causes is considered. However, this does not hold true for bladder cancer-specific death. The perceived differences in treatment and delay between socio-economic groups do not seem to occur for bladder cancer in the West Midlands.
Begum
Gulnaz
G
Cancer Research UK Clinical Trials Unit, Institute for Cancer Studies, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
Dunn
Janet A
JA
Bryan
Richard T
RT
Bathers
Sarah
S
Wallace
D Michael A
DM
D000368:Aged; D002423:Cause of Death; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*