Migrants' risky sexual behaviours in India and at home in far western Nepal.
OBJECTIVE
To examine Nepali migrants' vulnerability to HIV/sexually transmitted infections (STIs) and their possible role in causing the epidemic in far western Nepal.


METHODS
From August to October 2000, we conducted six focus group discussions among 53 returned migrants from India, mainly from Mumbai. Data were analysed by interpretative thematic analysis.


RESULTS
Migrants commonly had multiple sexual encounters, changed partners, and used condoms infrequently both in India and at home. Several factors influenced them to practice high-risk sexual behaviours. In India, these included peer norms and pressures, cheaper sex, lack of family restraint, drinking alcohol, and low perceived vulnerability to HIV/STIs. In Nepal, these factors included the migrants' new status, frequent local festivals, and low perceived vulnerability to HIV/STIs. Participants displayed substantial deficits in their knowledge of HIV/STIs.


CONCLUSIONS
This study revealed Nepali migrants' high-risk sexual behaviours both abroad and at home. Understanding these realities will assist in the development of culturally appropriate HIV/STI interventions necessary to halt the spread of HIV/STIs in Nepal.
Department of International Community Health, Graduate School of Medicine, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
Krishna C
KC
Poudel
Masamine
M
Jimba
Junko
J
Okumura
Anand B
AB
Joshi
Susumu
S
Wakai
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017280:Condoms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017144:Focus Groups; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology / Q000635:transmission; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009390:Nepal / Q000208:ethnology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012309:Risk-Taking; D021841:Safe Sex / Q000523:psychology; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology / Q000635:transmission; D014171:Transients and Migrants / Q000523:psychology*