title: Detection of Helicobacter ganmani-like 16S rDNA in pediatric liver tissue.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To determine the presence of Helicobacter species in the liver biopsy specimens from children with various chronic liver diseases as data in adult literature suggests a possible role of these bacteria in their pathogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Paraffin sections of 61 liver biopsies of pediatric patients with miscellaneous diseases and autopsy liver tissue from 10 control subjects with no evidence of preexisting liver disease were examined for the presence of Helicobacter species by a genus-specific seminested polymerase chain reaction (PCR) assay. PCR-products of positive samples were further characterized by denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) and DNA-sequence analysis. Based on those results, a seminested PCR assay for H. ganmani was developed and applied to the samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On analysis, 40/61 patient samples were positive in the genus-specific Helicobacter PCR and 4/10 from the control group. The nucleotide sequences of 16S rDNA fragments were 99-100% similar to mainly Helicobacter sp. 'liver' and H. ganmani. PCR-products similar to H. canis and H. bilis were also found. The 16S rDNAs of control specimens showed similarity to Helicobacter sp. 'liver'. In the H. ganmani-specific PCR analysis 19 patients, but none of the controls, were positive.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Amplified Helicobacter 16S rDNAs were related to Helicobacter sp. 'liver' or H. ganmani in liver biopsy specimens of pediatric patients. The possible significance of Helicobacter species in pediatric liver diseases needs to be evaluated further in prospective studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Michigan, 3901 Beaubien Blvd, Detroit, MI, 48201 USA. vtolia@med.wayne.edu
authors.forename: Vasundhara
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tolia
authors.forename: Hans-Olof
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Boyer
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wuerth
authors.forename: Waleed Abu
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Al-Soud
authors.forename: Raja
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rabah
authors.forename: Torkel
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wadström
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001706:Biopsy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis*; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000032:analysis*; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D016998:Helicobacter / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000032:analysis*; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S