title: Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-mediated human monocyte activation, in vitro, by alpha1-antitrypsin.
abstract: alpha1-Antitrypsin (AAT) is a major circulating and tissue inhibitor of serine proteinases. As such AAT is thought to play an important role in limiting host tissue injury at sites of inflammation. There is now increasing evidence, however, that AAT may exhibit biological activity independent of its protease inhibitor function. In this study we compared the effects of native (inhibitory) and modified (non-inhibitory), e.g., polymerised and oxidised forms of AAT on LPS-induced human monocyte activation, in vitro. We found that native AAT inhibited LPS-stimulated synthesis and release of TNFalpha and IL-1beta mRNA and protein, respectively, but enhanced the release of the anti-inflammatory cytokine, IL-10. Similarly, polymerised and oxidised forms of AAT inhibited LPS-stimulated IL-1beta and TNFalpha. The effects of AATs were observed whether added prior to or following removal of LPS, suggesting that sequestration of agonist was unlikely to explain their biological effects. Furthermore, studies with neutralising antibodies indicated that generation of IL-10 was unlikely to be the mechanism responsible for the inhibitory effects of AATs. Thus, our data demonstrate for the first time that AAT exhibits anti-inflammatory activity in vitro that is unrelated to inhibition of serine proteases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Malmö University Hospital, 20502 Malmö, Sweden. sabina.janciauskiene@medforsk.mas.lu.se
authors.forename: Sabina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Janciauskiene
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Virtala
authors.forename: Lennart
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jansson
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stevens
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase / Q000378:metabolism; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D007375:Interleukin-1; D016209:Interleukin-8; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D015842:Serine Proteinase Inhibitors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin; D016753:Interleukin-10; D010196:Pancreatic Elastase