title: AtIPT3 is a key determinant of nitrate-dependent cytokinin biosynthesis in Arabidopsis.
abstract: We analyzed the spatial expression pattern of Arabidopsis thaliana adenosine phosphates-isopentenyltransferase genes (AtIPT1, AtIPT3 to AtIPT8) and the effect of inorganic nitrogen sources on their regulation. In mature plants, the AtIPTs were differentially expressed in various tissues including the roots, leaves, stems, flowers and siliques. In transgenic seedlings expressing a gene for green fluorescent protein (GFP) driven by the AtIPT promoters, AtIPT1::GFP was predominantly expressed in the vascular stele of the roots, AtIPT3::GFP was in the phloem companion cells, AtIPT5::GFP was in the lateral root primordium and pericycle, and AtIPT7::GFP was in both the vascular stele and the phloem companion cells of the roots. In a long-term treatment, the accumulation level of AtIPT5 transcript was correlated with the concentrations of NO(3)(-) and NH(4)(+) in the growth medium. However, under nitrogen-limited conditions, AtIPT3 expression was rapidly induced by NO(3)(-) in the seedlings accompanying the accumulation of cytokinins, whereas AtIPT5 expression was little affected. The NO(3)(-)-dependent accumulation of both the AtIPT3 transcript and the cytokinins was markedly reduced in a Ds transposon-insertion mutant of AtIPT3. These results suggest that nitrogen availability differentially regulates expression of AtIPT3 and AtIPT5, and that AtIPT3 is a key determinant of cytokinin biosynthesis in response to rapid changes in the availability of NO(3)(-).
authors.affiliation: Plant Science Center, RIKEN (Institute of Physical and Chemical Research), Suehiro 1-7-22, Tsurumi, Yokohama, 230-0045 Japan.
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takei
authors.forename: Nanae
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Koh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuromori
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirayama
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shinozaki
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaya
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakakibara
mesh_terms: D019883:Alkyl and Aryl Transferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003583:Cytokinins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000235:genetics; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000172:deficiency; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D036226:Seedlings / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D014166:Transferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D003583:Cytokinins; D009566:Nitrates; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D014166:Transferases; D019883:Alkyl and Aryl Transferases; C024274:adenylate isopentenyltransferase; D009584:Nitrogen