title: Impact of qigong exercise on self-efficacy and other cognitive perceptual variables in patients with essential hypertension.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of practicing qigong on middle-age subjects with essential hypertension. Impacts on blood pressure, reported self-efficacy, perceived benefit, and emotion were observed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six (36) adult volunteers were assigned to either a waiting list control or a qigong group that practiced two 30-minute qigong programs per week over 8 consecutive weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was significantly reduced in members of the qigong group after 8 weeks of exercise. Significant improvements in self-efficacy and other cognitive perceptual efficacy variables were also documented in the qigong group compared to the original situation described above.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This pilot study demonstrates the positive effects of practicing qigong on controlling blood pressure and enhancing perceptions of self-efficacy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Mokpo Catholic University, Mokpo, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Myung-Suk
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyun-Ja
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Myeong Soo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001945:Breathing Exercises; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods*; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010865:Pilot Projects; D020377:Self Efficacy; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome