title: [Study on estrogen receptor of adult human osteoblasts].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine estrogen receptor (ER) in osteoblasts from adult human and to elucidate the mechanism of estrogen in modulating bone metabolism.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cultured osteoblasts were harvested from bone chips by modified sequential digestive enzyme release and immunohistochemical assay of ER in osteoblasts were carried out in three groups of female adults: normal control (group 1), patients with moderate osteoporosis (group 2) and patients with serious osteoporosis (group 3). The percentages of ER-positive osteoblasts from the three groups were compared by t test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The brown marks that indicate ER were found in nuclei and plasma of the osteoblasts, and the percentages of ER-positive osteoblasts among three groups were significantly different.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ERs exist in nuclei and plasma of the osteoblasts. Estrogen may modulate bone metabolism through binding ER in nuclei and plasma of the osteoblasts. The reduction of ER of osteoblasts may play an important role in the pathogenesis of postmenopausal osteoporosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai Institute of Traumatology and Orthopaedics, Shanghai 200025, China.
authors.forename: Gui-Lin
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: Qing-Ming
authors.initials: QM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Lian-Fu
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Fu-Ping
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ya-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011960:Receptors, Estrogen