title: Effect of H. pylori on the expression of TRAIL, FasL and their receptor subtypes in human gastric epithelial cells and their role in apoptosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the human stomach expression of TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) and its receptors and the modulatory role of Helicobacter pylori are not well described. Therefore, we investigated the effect of H. pylori on the expression of TRAIL, FasL and their receptors (TRAIL-R1-R4, Fas) in gastric epithelial cells and examined their role in apoptosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  mRNA and protein expression of TRAIL, FasL and their receptors were analyzed in human gastric epithelial cells using RT-PCR, Western blot, and immunohistochemistry. Gastric epithelial cells were incubated with FasL, TRAIL and/or H. pylori, and effects on expression, cell viability and epithelial apoptosis were monitored. Apoptosis was analyzed by histone ELISA, DAPI staining and immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  TRAIL, FasL and their receptor subtypes were expressed in human gastric mucosa, gastric epithelial cell primary cultures and gastric cancer cells. TRAIL, FasL and H. pylori caused a time- and concentration-dependent induction of DNA fragmentation in gastric cancer cells with synergistic effects. In addition, H. pylori caused a selective up-regulation of TRAIL, TRAIL-R1 and Fas mRNA and protein expression in gastric cancer cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Next to FasL and Fas, TRAIL and all of its receptor subtypes are expressed in the human stomach and differentially modulated by H. pylori. TRAIL, FasL and H. pylori show complex interaction mediating apoptosis in human gastric epithelial cells. These findings might be important for the understanding of gastric epithelial cell kinetics in patients with H. pylori infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Hepatology, and Endocrinology, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Jan Hendrik
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Andrej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Potthoff
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ledig
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cornberg
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Jandl
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Manns
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kubicka
authors.forename: Peer
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Flemming
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Athmann
authors.forename: Winfried
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Beil
authors.forename: Siegfried
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wagner
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D001706:Biopsy; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D005756:Gastritis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C505661:FASLG protein, human; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C105190:TNFRSF10A protein, human; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019014:fas Receptor