title: Gastrostomy revision: incidence and indications.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although quite reliable, gastrostomy may require revision. However, there are no reports in the literature specifically delineating identifiable risk factors or circumstances that lead to gastrostomy revision in children with gastrostomy. The purpose of this report was to determine the rate of revision and correlate any factors that may lead to revision.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective chart review was performed on 1,042 children who underwent gastrostomy at The Children's Hospital, Denver, Colorado, between 1992 and 2002. Charts of children who underwent gastrostomy were reviewed for pertinent clinical factors and compared with those who required gastrostomy revision.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 1,042 children, who had gastrostomies, 67 revisions were required in 61 children (6%). Of the many possible factors that could have had an influence on the revision rate, only fundoplication, percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG), migration of the gastrostomy site, and time correlated with the need for gastrostomy revision.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Parents should be made aware that there is a 6% chance that their child's gastrostomy may need revision and that the need for revision may increase with PEG, initial construction before 18 months of age, and the advancing age of the gastrostomy. Surgeons should avoid placing the gastrostomy near the costal margin, making a large gastrostomy exit tract through the abdominal wall and inserting a gastrostomy into the nutritionally depleted pulmonary stressed neurologically challenged child without first attempting to improve the child's nutritional status.
authors.affiliation: University of Vermont School of Medicine, Burlington, VT, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Conlon
authors.forename: Tracey A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Janik
authors.forename: Joseph S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Janik
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Hendrickson
authors.forename: Angi E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Landholm
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005774:Gastrostomy; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007416:Intestinal Perforation / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D011391:Prolapse; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013272:Stomach Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery