title: A case of 49,XXXXX in which the extra X chromosomes were maternal in origin.
abstract: This report describes an 11 month old female baby with features of pentasomy X. A molecular and cytogenetic evaluation revealed that her karyotype was 49,XXXXX and her extra X chromosomes were of maternal origin. She has muscular hypotonia, mental retardation, a cleft palate, mild hydrocephalus as a result of dilatation of both lateral ventricles, hyperextensible elbow joints, proximal radioulnar synostosis, clinodactyly of the fifth finger, valgus of the feet, and small hands and feet. In addition, she has a persistent pupillary membrane and congenital chorioretinal atrophy. The pathogenesis of pentasomy X is not clear at present, but it is thought to be caused by successive maternal non-dysjunctions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonbuk National University Medical School, Chonbuk National University, 634-18 Keumam-dong, Dukjin-ku, Jeonju 561-712, Korea.
authors.forename: Y G
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000235:genetics*; D041321:Chromosomes, Human, X; D003582:Cytogenetics; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007621:Karyotyping; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D009035:Mothers; D025064:Sex Chromosome Disorders / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers