title: Temperature dependence of particle-particle adherence forces in ice and clathrate hydrates.
abstract: Particle-particle pulloff adherence forces were measured as a function of temperature in the ice/n-decane/ice and tetrahydrofuran (THF) hydrate/n-decane/THF hydrate systems using a newly developed micromechanical testing technique. Experiments using approximately 200 microm radius particles were performed at atmospheric pressure over the temperature range 263-275 K. The ice and hydrate particles displayed very similar behavior. While the measured adherence forces had significant variation, the shapes of the cumulative force distribution curves were similar among the different sets of experiments. The measured adherence forces distributions shifted to lower force values as the temperature was decreased from the solid melting temperature. The observed forces and trends were explained by the capillary cohesion of rough surfaces, with the capillary bridging liquid being stabilized below its freezing point by the negative curvature of the bridging liquid/n-decane interface.
authors.affiliation: Center for Research on Hydrates and Other Solids and Department of Chemical Engineering, Colorado School of Mines, 1500 Illinois St., Golden, CO 80401, USA.
authors.forename: Sung-oh
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Derek M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Kleehammer
authors.forename: Zhongxin
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huo
authors.forename: E Dendy
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Sloan
authors.forename: Kelly T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000473:Alkanes / Q000737:chemistry*; D005663:Furans / Q000737:chemistry*; D007053:Ice; D010316:Particle Size; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000473:Alkanes; D005663:Furans; D007053:Ice; D014867:Water; C018674:tetrahydrofuran; C012867:decane