title: Reactive oxygen species in choline deficiency-induced apoptosis in rat hepatocytes.
abstract: Choline deficiency (CD) is involved in hepatocellular carcinoma and CD-induced apoptosis may be implicated in cellular malignant transformation. In this report, we studied the effects of choline deficiency on generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) using the fluorescent probe dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate and the possible role of ROS on CD-induced apoptosis in cultured CWSV-1 cells, an immortalized rat hepatocyte. This cell line is reported to become tumorigenic by step-wise culturing in lower levels of choline. Our data demonstrate that CD induces a time- and dose-dependent increase in ROS in CWSV-1 cells. The increase in ROS production may be related to dysfunction of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Our data also demonstrated that ROS generation occurred before CD-induced apoptosis, suggesting ROS may play a key role in signaling CD-induced apoptosis in CWSV-1 cells.
authors.affiliation: Free Radical Biology and Aging Research Program, Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
authors.forename: Wei-Xing
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Quentin N
authors.initials: QN
authors.lastname: Pye
authors.forename: Kelly S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.forename: Charles A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Kenneth L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Hensley
authors.forename: Yashige
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kotake
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Floyd
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Broyles
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002794:Choline / Q000494:pharmacology; D002796:Choline Deficiency / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C505410:Casp3 protein, rat; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases; D002794:Choline