title: Spreading depression activates unfolded protein response.
abstract: Preconditioning is a process where a preceding non-lethal form of stress activates a stress response that protects cells against an otherwise lethal form of stress. Preconditioning can be induced in various ways including short-term ischemia or spreading depression. Here we investigated the effect of 1 h repetitive spreading depression on the unfolded protein response (UPR), a stress response activated under conditions associated with endoplasmic reticulum (ER) dysfunction. Spreading depression induced processing of xbp1 mRNA, indicative of an activation of UPR. Processing of xbp1 was paralleled by a rise in grp78 mRNA levels resulting from an activation of a signal transduction pathway that depends on protein synthesis. Preconditioning-induced activation of UPR may preserve ER functioning under pathological conditions interfering with ER functions.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Neurobiology, Max-Planck-Institute for Neurological Research, Cologne, Gleuelerstr. 50, 50931 Koeln, Germany.
authors.forename: Edda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schneeloch
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wenkel
authors.forename: Günter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mies
authors.forename: Wulf
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Paschen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism; D013181:Cortical Spreading Depression / Q000502:physiology*; D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D002546:Ischemic Attack, Transient / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D011487:Protein Conformation; D017510:Protein Folding; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000071701:Regulatory Factor X Transcription Factors; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000071717:X-Box Binding Protein 1
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000071701:Regulatory Factor X Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000071717:X-Box Binding Protein 1; C000605545:Xbp1 protein, rat