title: Vascular response to angiotensin II in upper body obesity.
abstract: Upper body obesity is associated with insulin resistance, hypertension, and endothelial dysfunction. We examined forearm vascular function in response to vasodilator (endothelium-dependent and endothelium-independent) and vasoconstrictor stimuli in 8 normotensive, upper body/viscerally obese men with a positive family history of hypertension and 8 age-matched nonobese men. We also measured body composition and insulin regulation of free fatty acid (FFA) and glucose metabolism. Forearm blood flow was measured before and during brachial artery infusions of acetylcholine (Ach), sodium nitroprusside (NTP), and angiotensin II (+/-nitric oxide synthase [NO]) synthase blockade with N(G)-monomethyl L-arginine [L-NMMA]). On a separate day, baseline and insulin-regulated glucose ([3-3H]glucose) and FFA ([9,10-3H]palmitate) turnover were measured. The vasoconstrictor response to angiotensin II was greater (P<0.05) in obese men than in nonobese men, whereas endothelium-dependent vasodilation was similar. The slope of the angiotensin II dose-response curve correlated significantly with the basal plasma palmitate concentration. Basal and insulin-mediated glucose disposal was significantly reduced and FFA turnover significantly increased in viscerally obese men. No differences in endothelium-independent vasodilation or relationships between vascular responsivity and palmitate and glucose kinetics or body composition were found. Angiotensin II-stimulated forearm vasoconstriction is increased in viscerally obese normotensive men.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Research Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minn 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Søren
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Halliwill
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Joyner
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Jensen
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000328:Adult; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005542:Forearm / Q000098:blood supply*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008066:Lipolysis; D008297:Male; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019308:Palmitic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects*; D014661:Vasoconstriction; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014664:Vasodilation; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D000804:Angiotensin II; D009599:Nitroprusside; D019323:omega-N-Methylarginine; D019308:Palmitic Acid; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D000109:Acetylcholine