title: Effect of antioxidants on apoptosis and cytokine release in fetal rat Type II pneumocytes exposed to hyperoxia and nitric oxide.
abstract: The response of the fetal rat Type II pneumocyte (FTIIP), the stem cell of the alveolar epithelium, to hyperoxia would be helpful to understand the effects of oxygen-induced injury to the developing lung. Our goals were to evaluate the effect of antioxidants (AO) on apoptosis and release of cytokines in freshly isolated FTIIP (day-19) in the presence of 95% O2 and/or nitric oxide (NO). There was increased apoptosis in FTIIP exposed to hyperoxia alone and in combination with NO; this was significantly attenuated (p < 0.01) in the presence of 3 AO, namely grape seed proanthocyanidin extract (GSPE), superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. The anti-inflammatory cytokine IL-10 has been shown to have a role in ameliorating tissue damage owing to persistent inflammation. The release of IL-10 was significantly decreased (p < 0.01) in the presence of GSPE and catalase, compared to control. Addition of SOD led to increased IL-10 compared to GSPE or catalase (p < 0.01) or the combination of GSPE + SOD + catalase (p < or = 0.01). Thus, in our in vitro model of hyperoxic and NO mediated injury to FTIIP, protection from apoptotic cell death with the addition of AO was associated with varying levels of IL-10 release. Our data suggest that the use of SOD and/or IL-10 may decrease hyperoxic lung injury by decreasing apoptosis. Further studies are needed to understand the mode of protection from catalase and GSPE.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Johnson-Varghese
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Brodsky
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bhandari
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus; D005865:Gestational Age; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016207:Cytokines; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D010100:Oxygen