title: Medical predictors for psychopathology in adults with operated congenital heart disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the predictive value of medical variables, covering the complete medical course from birth until the present, for long-term behavioural and emotional problems in adulthood, in patients operated for congenital heart disease in childhood.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study concerns the second psychological and medical follow-up of a cohort of patients operated for congenital heart disease (n=362; age 20-46 years). Behavioural and emotional problems were assessed with the Young Adult Self-Report and the Young Adult Behavior Checklist. Medical prediction variables were derived from medical examination and file search. Being female, having low exercise capacity and restrictions imposed by physicians are significant predictors for behavioural and emotional problems as reported by patients themselves. Regarding the scar, personal experiences of patients form a better predictor for later problems than judgement of aesthetical aspects by physicians. Early hospitalisations with reoperations are predictive for behavioural and emotional problems as reported by other informants. The cardiac diagnoses of ventricular septal defect and transposition of the great arteries are associated with higher levels of behavioural and emotional problems.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Recent experiences concerning the scar, physical condition and imposed restrictions are the strongest predictors for behavioural and emotional problems as reported by patients themselves.
authors.affiliation: The department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Erasmus MC--Sophia Children's Hospital, The Netherlands. vanrijen@fsw.eur.nl
authors.forename: E H M
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: van Rijen
authors.forename: E M W J
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Utens
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Roos-Hesselink
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Meijboom
authors.forename: R T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: van Domburg
authors.forename: J R T C
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Roelandt
authors.forename: A J J C
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Bogers
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Verhulst
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000209:etiology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015331:Cohort Studies; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000523:psychology* / Q000601:surgery; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D012086:Reoperation; D012737:Sex Factors