title: Ku80 is required but not sufficient for Galpha13-mediated endodermal differentiation in P19 embryonic carcinoma cells.
abstract: We have shown that a constitutively active Galpha13 (Galpha13Q226L) induces differentiation in P19 embryonic carcinoma cells to an endodermal phenotype. In this report, we demonstrate that Ku, a heterodimer of p80 (Ku80) and p70 (Ku70), is upregulated in P19 cells overexpressing Galpha13Q226L. Ku is the regulatory subunit of the DNA-dependent protein kinase and is primarily involved in DNA repair and recombination. Ku80 also is a somatostatin receptor. We show that while overexpression of Ku80 drastically reduced P19 cell proliferation, it was not sufficient to induce endodermal differentiation. However, coexpression of Galpha13Q226L and an antisense Ku80 abrogated the retarded growth rate and endodermal differentiation observed in cells expressing only Galpha13Q226L. Overexpression of Galpha13Q226L or Ku80 downregulated RNA polymerase I-mediated transcriptional activity and overexpression of antisense Ku80 restored the activity to control level. These results suggest that Ku80 is required for Galpha13-mediated endodermal differentiation in P19 cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Pharmacology, University Medical center, SUNY/Stony Brook, NY 11794, USA. kanungoj@ninds.nih.gov
authors.forename: Jyotshnabala
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kanungo
authors.forename: Hsien-Yu
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Craig C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Malbon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D034961:Antigens, Nuclear / Q000502:physiology*; D018236:Carcinoma, Embryonal / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004260:DNA Repair; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D019281:Dimerization; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004707:Endoderm / Q000166:cytology*; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D044365:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, G12-G13 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015151:Immunoblotting; D000072200:Ku Autoantigen; D051379:Mice; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000737:chemistry; D010641:Phenotype; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism; D012318:RNA Polymerase I / Q000737:chemistry; D017481:Receptors, Somatostatin / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D034961:Antigens, Nuclear; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D017481:Receptors, Somatostatin; D012318:RNA Polymerase I; C000606510:Xrcc6 protein, mouse; D044365:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, G12-G13; D000072200:Ku Autoantigen