title: Prognostic factors in survival of patients with stage Ta and T1 bladder urothelial tumors: the role of G1-S modulators (p53, p21Waf1, p27Kip1, cyclin D1, and cyclin D3), proliferation index, and clinicopathologic parameters.
abstract: We studied 159 cases of superficial (stage Ta or T1) bladder tumors to determine the significance on survival of a subset of regulators of transition from G1 to S phase of the cell cycle (p53, p21Waf1, p27Kip1, cyclin D1, cyclin D3) and tumor proliferation (Ki-67 [MIB-1]). Clinical findings (patient age, sex, tumor size, grade, stage [Ta or T1]) were included in the analysis. Univariate analysis revealed association of tumor size (P = .0353), grade in stage Ta tumors (P = .0074), cyclin D1 expression (P = .0182), and Ki-67 index (P = .0033) with disease-free survival and of tumor size (P = .0005), stage (P = .0494), cyclin D3 expression (P = .0105), and Ki-67 index (P = .0272) with overall survival. Cox multivariate analysis revealed cyclin D1 expression and high proliferation index (disease-free) and tumor size, cyclin D3 expression, and high proliferation index (overall survival) as independent predictors. Results suggest that alterations of the progression from the G1 to S phase of the cell cycle are common in papillary urothelial bladder tumors. High tumor proliferation, expression of cyclins D1 and D3, and tumor size at diagnosis might be relevant predictors of survival in patients with stage Ta and T1 bladder urothelial tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Reina Sofia University Hospital, Cordoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lopez-Beltran
authors.forename: Rafael J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Luque
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Kindelan
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quintero
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Merlo
authors.forename: Maria J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Requena
authors.forename: Rodolfo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Montironi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000473:pathology*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D056743:Cyclin D3; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D016213:Cyclins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: C534696:CCND3 protein, human; C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D056743:Cyclin D3; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016213:Cyclins; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D019938:Cyclin D1; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27