title: In vivo imaging of MLC2v-luciferase, a cardiac-specific reporter gene expression in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A reporter or marker gene that is detectable by in vivo imaging permits longitudinal monitoring of certain fundamental biological processes (eg, differentiation) within the context of physiologically authentic environments. Tissue-specific expression of a reporter gene can be achieved when it is under the transcriptional control of a tissue-specific promoter. The objective of this study was to construct a plasmid vector containing firefly luciferase (Fluc) marker gene downstream of the promoter sequence of rat ventricular myosin light chain 2 (MLC2v); to detect the in vivo expression of this cardiac-specific reporter (MLC2v-Fluc) in the mouse heart by bioluminescent imaging; and to correlate the bioluminescent signal with postmortem luminometer assay.
  
  
  METHODS
  MLC2v-Fluc plasmid was generated by molecular cloning of 3 kb promoter sequence into a pGL3-Basic vector containing the Fluc reporter. Twenty microg of MLC2v-Fluc plasmid DNA in phosphate-buffered saline was directly injected into mouse myocardium through a midline sternotomy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 1 week after injection, MLC2v-Fluc expression was detected by in vivo bioluminescent imaging in 60% of injected animals; the average in vivo signal intensity was (1.5 +/- 0.6) x 10(4) radiance (p/sec/cm2/sr); in vivo signal was well above the detection threshold over 3 weeks after injection. In vivo bioluminescent signal is correlated (r2 = 0.8) with the luminometer assay results from homogenized heart samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The capability of noninvasive imaging of the MLC2v-Fluc in the heart will encourage applications that aim at monitoring and tracking the marker gene expression over time in cells undergoing cardiac differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Cardiac Center, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Gruber
authors.forename: Zijun
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Worrad
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.forename: Wenge
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wafik
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: El-Deiry
authors.forename: Victor A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D024722:Cardiac Myosins / Q000235:genetics*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000235:genetics; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018994:Myosin Light Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic
chemical_list: D018994:Myosin Light Chains; C107184:myosin light chain 2; D008156:Luciferases; D024722:Cardiac Myosins