title: Mechanisms of HTLV-1 transformation.
abstract: HTLV-1 is the etiological agent of the fatal disease adult T-cell leukemia. The virus encodes many proteins including several accessory proteins, p12I, p13II, p27I, and p30II, whose roles have recently begun to be elucidated. These accessory proteins are important in T-cell activation, transcriptional regulation, viral persistence, and virus assembly. The viral oncogene Tax is thought to be largely responsible for tumorigenesis, although the precise mechanisms underlying transformation are not completely understood. Tax has a profound impact on transcription, cell growth regulation, genomic stability and apoptosis. This review will provide possible contributions of the accessory proteins to transformation as well as highlight the alterations of the above-mentioned cellular events by Tax. Animal models of both Tax and the accessory proteins are also included based on the essential information on the transformation process in vivo that they provide.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
authors.forename: Kylene
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kehn
authors.forename: Reem
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Berro
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de la Fuente
authors.forename: Katharine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Strouss
authors.forename: Elodie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ghedin
authors.forename: Shabnam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dadgar
authors.forename: Maria Elena
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Bottazzi
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pumfery
authors.forename: Fatah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kashanchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002453:Cell Cycle; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D002472:Cell Transformation, Viral; D004260:DNA Repair; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D016356:Gene Products, tax / Q000378:metabolism; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D015458:Leukemia, T-Cell / Q000821:virology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008938:Mitosis; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D016356:Gene Products, tax; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins