title: SUMO-1 modification activated GATA4-dependent cardiogenic gene activity.
abstract: Sumoylation, an important posttranslational modification process, is involved in regulating bioactivities of diverse proteins. GATA4, a cardiac-enriched dual zinc finger transcription factor, plays a critical role in regulating cardiac-specified genes. Here, we demonstrated that GATA4 is sumoylated by small ubiquitin-like modifier-1 (SUMO-1), which resulted in enhanced GATA4 transcriptional activity. We further revealed that lysine 366 of GATA4 constituted a major sumyolation site. Conversion of lysine 366 to arginine 366 resulted in reduced GATA4 nuclear occupation, suggesting that SUMO modification may also modulate GATA4 nuclear localization. In GATA4 sumoylation, PIAS1 served as an E3 ligase and positively modulated GATA4 transactivation via its RING finger domain. In the presence of SUMO-1 and/or PIAS1, GATA4 triggered the activation of cardiogenic genes in pluripotent 10T1/2 fibroblast. GATA4 was identified as a SUMO-1-targeted transcription factor and together with PIAS1 was shown to be a potent regulator of cardiac gene activity.
authors.affiliation: Center for Cardiovascular Development, Division of Cardiovascular Sciences, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xin-Hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Schwartz
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D050991:GATA4 Transcription Factor; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008239:Lysine / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D050828:Protein Inhibitors of Activated STAT; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011506:Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D025842:SUMO-1 Protein / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014162:Transfection; D015854:Up-Regulation; D016335:Zinc Fingers
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050991:GATA4 Transcription Factor; C494211:Pias1 protein, mouse; D050828:Protein Inhibitors of Activated STAT; D011506:Proteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D025842:SUMO-1 Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors; D004247:DNA; D008239:Lysine