Aurintricarboxylic acid translocates across the plasma membrane, inhibits protein tyrosine phosphatase and prevents apoptosis in PC12 cells.
Aurintricarboxylic acid (ATA) prevents apoptosis in a diverse range of cell types including PC12 cells. It is known to stimulate tyrosine phosphorylation of signaling proteins including Shc proteins, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase, phospholipase C-g and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs). However, it has been unclear how ATA increases the phosphorylation of these proteins as it was believed to be membrane impermeable. We found that ATA translocates across the plasma membrane of PC12 cells and have confirmed that it is a potent inhibitor of protein tyrosine phosphatases (PTP ases). Other PTPase inhibitors also prevented apoptosis independent of ATA. These observations indicate that ATA exerts its anti-apoptotic effect on PC12 cells at least in part by inhibiting certain PTPase(s).
Cho
Hyeongjin
H
Department of Chemistry and Institute of Molecular Cell Biology, Inha University, Incheon 402-751, Korea. hcho@inha.ac.kr
Lee
Dong Yoon
DY
Shrestha
Suja
S
Shim
Yi Sup
YS
Kim
Ki Chul
KC
Kim
Mee-Kyung
MK
Lee
Keun-Hyeung
KH
Won
Jonghwa
J
Kang
Jae-Seung
JS
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D001312:Aurintricarboxylic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000502:physiology; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D015394:Molecular Structure; D016716:PC12 Cells; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats
D001312:Aurintricarboxylic Acid; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases