title: Inhibition of interleukin-1beta reduces mouse lung inflammation induced by exposure to cigarette smoke.
abstract: We examined nuclear factor kappaB activation, release of inflammatory mediators and cellular infiltration in acute cigarette smoke inflammation models. One hour after exposure to one puff of cigarette smoke, alveolar macrophages from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid of C57BL/6J mice showed an increased activity of nuclear factor kappaB-DNA binding but similar numbers as compared to that of BAL fluid from mice exposed to ambient air. Exposure to 1 cigarette/day for 1, 4 or 7 days led to an increase in interleukin-1beta and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 levels and to a progressive influx of nuclear factor kappaB-activated alveolar macrophages into the BAL fluid and lung tissue. Exposure to 2 cigarettes/day for 7 days led to a significant increase in interleukin-1beta levels accompanied by a massive alveolar macrophage influx into the BAL fluid. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha levels and subsequent neutrophil influx were only detected after exposure to 4 or 8 cigarettes/day for 7 days. Treatment of mice with an antibody anti-interleukin-1beta during cigarette smoke exposure for 7 days significantly reduced both interleukin-1beta levels and alveolar macrophage influx. These data show that a single exposure to cigarette smoke rapidly activates alveolar macrophages, inducing the production of interleukin-1beta, which may play an important role in triggering chronic cigarette smoke-mediated lung inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica Médica, ICB, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro 21941-590, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Legora-Machado
authors.forename: Larissa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cardilo-Reis
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Valença
authors.forename: Luis Cristóvão
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Porto
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zuany-Amorim
authors.forename: Vera Lucia Gonçalves
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Koatz
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D012906:Smoke; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000633:toxicity*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D007375:Interleukin-1; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012906:Smoke; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha