Premenstrual syndrome and associated symptoms in adolescent girls.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the frequency of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) associated symptoms and effects of nutrition on PMS in adolescent girls.


METHODS
One hundred and seventy-one adolescent girls who had menstrual cycles were included in this study. They were given a questionnaire on criteria for PMS, dysmenorrhea and regularity of menstrual cycle. Modified Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-IV (DSM-IV) criteria were used for the diagnosis of PMS. We also investigated which nutritional supplements affect the PMS-associated symptoms and signs.


RESULTS
One hundred and five adolescent girls out of 171 (61.4%) met DSM-IV criteria for PMS. There was an association between dysmenorrhea and PMS in 60 (57.1%). Half of the girls, i.e. 52 (49.5%) had mild, 39 (37.1%) had moderate and 14 (13.4%) had severe PMS. The most common symptom of PMS was negative affect particularly in the form of stress (87.6%) and nervousness (87.6%). There was a statistically significant negative relationship between milk consumption and the following: abdominal bloating, cramps, craving for some foods and increased appetite.


CONCLUSIONS
PMS and dysmenorrhea are frequently overlapping. We also found that PMS is associated with dietary habits.
Derman
Orhan
O
Section of Adolescent Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Ihsan Dogramaci Childrens Hospital, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, 06100 Ankara, Turkey.
Kanbur
Nuray Oksüz
NO
Tokur
Tülay Erdoğan
TE
Kutluk
Tezer
T
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003611:Dairy Products; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004412:Dysmenorrhea / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011293:Premenstrual Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology