title: The biomechanics of iatrogenic spinal destabilization and implant failure.
abstract: Revision spinal surgery is usually indicated in cases of persistent or recurrent symptoms related to neural compression, spinal deformity, or construct failure. An understanding of fundamental biomechanical principles of both spinal decompression and reconstructive strategies is essential to avoid unnecessary subsequent spinal operations.
authors.affiliation: Cleveland Clinic Spine Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA. benzele@ccf.org
authors.forename: Richard P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Schlenk
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Edward C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Benzel
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001863:Bone Screws; D019299:Decompression, Surgical / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D004868:Equipment Failure; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D016268:Internal Fixators / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007796:Laminectomy; D008023:Ligaments, Articular / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012086:Reoperation; D013117:Spinal Cord Compression / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D013131:Spine / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014143:Traction