title: [COX and study of cancer therapy].
abstract: The increased expression of COX-2 in carcinoma tissue is found in gastric cancer, lung cancer and breast cancer as well as colon cancer. It was shown that COX-2 played an important role in carcinogenesis by an experiment using a cultured cell and an animal experiment using a knockout mouse. The inhibitory effect of COX-2 inhibitor on polyps in familial adenomatous polyposis (FAP) patients was reported from the clinical aspect, and the U. S. Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved administration of a COX-2 inhibitor to FAP patients. COX-2 plays an important role in proliferation, invasion and metastasis of cancer. COX-2 expression was reportedly enhanced in lung cancer by an anticancer agent and radiotherapy, and clinical application of a COX-2 inhibitor is attempted. In addition, the experimental examination showed the inhibitory effect of a COX-2 inhibitor on hematogenous metastasis of colon cancer. The mechanism of the COX-2 inhibitor remains unclear. Clinical application of the COX-2 inhibitor to an effective anti-tumor agent is expected after more studies have been conducted on its molecular biologic function.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine.
authors.forename: Nobuya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Masaichi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohira
authors.forename: Kosei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirakawa
mesh_terms: D011125:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli / Q000188:drug therapy; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000502:physiology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating / Q000187:drug effects; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000502:physiology; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases