title: Laparoscopic pyeloplasty and flexible nephroscopy: simultaneous treatment of ureteropelvic junction obstruction and nephrolithiasis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ureteropelvic junction obstruction and concomitant calculus disease may coexist. Therapeutic controversy exists regarding their ideal management. We report our use of flexible nephroscopy during laparoscopic pyeloplasty for caliceal stone removal.
  
  
  METHODS
  From August 1998 through May 2002, 50 laparoscopic pyeloplasties were performed. Seven patients had documented ureteropelvic junction obstruction and ipsilateral nephrolithiasis. Preoperative stone burden and location were assessed. After pyelotomy, a 16 Fr flexible endoscope was passed through the uppermost trocar under direct laparoscopic guidance into the collecting system. Stone extraction was performed with a 2.4 Fr Nitinol basket. Postoperative imaging was assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete stone-free status confirmed by postoperative imaging was achieved in 6 of 7 patients. The longest individual stone diameter ranged from 4 mm to 13 mm (mean, 10.3 mm), and an average of 2.5 stones per patient was removed (range, 1 to 4 stones). Neither intraoperative fluoroscopy nor lithotripsy was required. No intraoperative or delayed complications were noted during a mean follow-up of 8.5 months (range, 2 to 17 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic pyeloplasty and concomitant flexible nephroscopy with basket extraction is a simple, attractive alternative for the simultaneous treatment of ureteropelvic junction obstruction presenting with coexisting nephrolithiasis. It appears more efficacious when the stone number is limited and diameters measure from 5 mm to 20 mm.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA.
authors.forename: Adam J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.forename: Raymond J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Leveillee
authors.forename: Vipul R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Carson
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000601:surgery*; D007682:Kidney Pelvis / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014514:Ureteral Calculi / Q000601:surgery*; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000601:surgery*; D018666:Ureteroscopy