St. John's Wort: clinical status in psychiatry.
Depression and anxiety are among the top 10 health problems for which complementary and alternative therapies (CATs) are most frequently used, and medicinal herbs are among the most popular of these treatments. St. John's wort (Hypericum perforatum) is a perennial herb that has become a widely used depression therapy. Extracts of hypericum have shown affinity for receptors within multiple neurochemical systems. The primary active substance responsible for the antidepressant effect is not well defined, but most work has concentrated specifically on the hypericin and hyperforin components. Although hypericum has demonstrated significant antidepressant and antianxiety effects in multiple studies, there are several recent studies that do not support the previous evidence. In all reported studies, hypericum extracts have been well tolerated. In addition, new psychiatric uses for hypericum in obsessive-compulsive disorder, generalized anxiety disorder, menopausal symptoms, and alcohol dependence have been reported. Because patients are choosing to pursue CAT as a first-line therapy, psychiatrists will need to have a better understanding of phytomedicines used for treating depression and anxiety, and thus be better prepared to serve as effective allies of their patients.
Meltzer-Brody
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Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. Samantha_Meltzer@unc.edu