title: Effect of antimicrobial agents on the production and release of shiga toxin by enterotoxaemic Escherichia coli isolates from pigs.
abstract: Edema disease (ED) of pigs is an enterotoxaemic disease caused by enterotoxaemic Escherichia coli (ETEEC) infection. Antimicrobial therapy for pigs with ED is controversial because it may induce death of sickish piglets. In this study, we investigated the effects in vitro of 7 antimicrobial agents, ampicillin, gentamicin, colistin, bicozamycin, fosfomycin, sulfamethoxazole-trimethoprim and enrofloxacin, on the release and production of shiga toxin (Stx) 2e by ETEEC strains. We found that more Stx 2e accumulated in the bacterial cells than was released into supernatant. Associated with inhibition of cell wall synthesis, the exposure to ampicillin or fosfomycin increased the release of Stx 2e. The production levels of Stx 2e in all antimicrobial-treated cultures were equal to the level in the control or less than in the control. These results suggest that cell wall synthesis inhibitors, such as ampicillin and fosfomycin, may change for the worse in the signs in ETEEC infectious pigs. On the other hand, gentamicin, colistin, bicozamycin and enrofloxacin may be useful for the treatment of pigs with ED.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Hygiene, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Miyazaki, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryoko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.forename: Masuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sueyoshi
authors.forename: Yasuho
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Taura
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagatomo
mesh_terms: D000667:Ampicillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic / Q000494:pharmacology; D002473:Cell Wall / Q000378:metabolism; D003091:Colistin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004488:Edema Disease of Swine / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000662:veterinary*; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology; D005578:Fosfomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000494:pharmacology; D015363:Quinolones / Q000494:pharmacology; D022641:Shiga Toxin 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D034421:Sus scrofa; D013997:Time Factors; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D019086:Bridged Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D005839:Gentamicins; D015363:Quinolones; D022641:Shiga Toxin 2; D005578:Fosfomycin; D000077422:Enrofloxacin; D000667:Ampicillin; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; C024504:bicozamycin; D003091:Colistin