title: Preclinical evaluation of a prostate-targeted gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy delivered by ovine atadenovirus.
abstract: Gene-directed enzyme prodrug therapy (GDEPT) based on the Escherichia coli enzyme, purine nucleoside phosphorylase (PNP), provides a novel strategy for treating slowly growing tumors like prostate cancer (CaP). PNP converts systemically administered prodrug, fludarabine phosphate, to a toxic metabolite, 2-fluoroadenine, that kills PNP-expressing and nearby cells by inhibiting DNA, RNA and protein synthesis. Reporter gene expression directed by a hybrid prostate-directed promoter and enhancer, PSMEPb, was assayed after plasmid transfection or viral transduction of prostate and non-CaP cell lines. Androgen-sensitive (AS) LNCaP-LN3 and androgen-independent (AI) PC3 human CaP xenografts in nude mice were injected intratumorally with an ovine atadenovirus vector, OAdV623, that carries the PNP gene under PSMEPb, formulated with cationic lipid for enhanced infectivity. Fludarabine phosphate was then given intraperitoneally for 5 days at 75 mg/m2/day. PNP expression was evaluated by enzymic conversion of its substrate using reverse phase HPLC. OAdV623 showed excellent in vitro transcriptional specificity for CaP cells. In vivo, expression of PNP persisted for > 6 days after OAdV623 injection and a single treatment provided 100% increase in tumor doubling time and > 50% inhibition of tumor growth for both LNCaP-LN3 and PC3 lines, with increased tumor necrosis and apoptosis and decreased tumor cell proliferation. OAdV623 significantly suppressed the growth of AS and AI human CaP xenografts in mice.
authors.affiliation: Oncology Research Centre, Prince of Wales Hospital Clinical School of Medicine, The University of New South Wales, Randwick, Australia.
authors.forename: X Y
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Martiniello-Wilks
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Coulston
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cooke-Yarborough
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Molloy
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moghaddam
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Lockett
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Webster
authors.forename: I K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Both
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Russell
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000187:drug effects; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D011683:Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001084:Vidarabine Phosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011355:Prodrugs; D001084:Vidarabine Phosphate; C042382:fludarabine phosphate; C038208:2-fluoroadenine; D011683:Purine-Nucleoside Phosphorylase; D000225:Adenine