title: Porcine sinus mucosa holds cells that respond to bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-6 and BMP-7 with increased osteogenic differentiation in vitro.
abstract: The aim of this in vitro study was to determine whether the sinus mucosa holds cells with an osteogenic potential. Frozen sections of sinus mucosa from three adult pigs were investigated for the expression of STRO-1, a marker of mesenchymal progenitor cells, and alkaline phosphatase activity, an enzyme expressed by cells committed to the osteogenic lineage and by mature osteoblasts. To determine their osteogenic potential, mucosa-derived cells were incubated with bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-6 and BMP-7, and alkaline phosphatase activity, osteocalcin expression, and mineralization of the extracellular matrix was measured. We found sinus mucosa cells staining positive for STRO-1 and alkaline phosphatase activity. When sinus mucosa tissue was placed in culture, alkaline phosphatase positive cells grew out from the explants and further increased alkaline phosphatase activity in response to BMP-6 and BMP-7. The expression level of the osteoblast-specific extracellular matrix protein osteocalcin, and the amount of calcium accumulation within the extracellular matrix was also increased in response to BMPs. We conclude that the sinus mucosa holds mesenchymal progenitor cells and cells committed to the osteogenic lineage that can respond to BMP-6 and BMP-7 by an increase of their osteogenic differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery, Dental School, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. reinhard.gruber@akh-wien.ac.at
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gruber
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kandler
authors.forename: Gabor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fuerst
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Watzek
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000032:analysis; D055418:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6; D055419:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D019070:Cell Lineage; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000032:analysis; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D010256:Paranasal Sinuses / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D013552:Swine; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D055418:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 6; D055419:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D004396:Coloring Agents; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D015675:Osteocalcin; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002118:Calcium