title: Epistatic interaction between beta2-adrenergic receptor and neuropeptide Y genes influences LDL-cholesterol in hypertension.
abstract: Beta2-adrenergic receptor gene and neuropeptide Y gene may potentially influence lipid metabolism and overall energy balance. Therefore, we examined associations of these genes with lipid fractions and obesity-related phenotypes in hypertensive subjects. A total of 638 white individuals from 212 Polish families with clustering of essential hypertension were phenotyped for cardiovascular risk determinants. Each subject was genotyped for functional polymorphisms of beta2-adrenergic receptor gene (Arg16Gly and Gln27Glu) and neuropeptide Y (Leu7Pro). Of 3 common haplotypes of beta2-adrenergic receptor gene, Arg16Gln27 was overtransmitted to offspring with elevated levels of total cholesterol (Z=2.2; P=0.026) and LDL-cholesterol (Z=3.2; P=0.002). Individually, Leu7Pro was not associated with any of the metabolic phenotypes in family-based tests or case-control analyses. However, in the presence of Arg allele of Arg16Gly and Gln allele of Gln27Glu, homozygosity for Leu variant of the Leu7Pro polymorphism was associated with 2.1-increased odds ratio (confidence interval, 1.10 to 3.81; P=0.024) of elevated LDL in hypertensive subjects, independent of age, gender, body mass index, adjusted blood pressures, antihypertensive therapy, and use of nonselective beta-blockers and diuretics. Consistently, there was a significant multilocus association among variants of Arg16Gly, Gln27Glu, and Leu7Pro in hypertensive probands with elevated LDL (cases; P=0.028) but not in hypertensive subjects with normal LDL (controls). This study revealed an association of LDL-cholesterol with beta2-adrenergic receptor gene haplotype and provided evidence for epistatic interaction between beta2-adrenergic receptor gene and neuropeptide Y gene in determination of LDL-cholesterol in patients with essential hypertension.
authors.affiliation: British Heart Foundation Glasgow Cardiovascular Research Centre, Division of Cardiovascular and Medical Sciences, University of Glasgow, Western Infirmary, Glasgow G11 6NT, United Kingdom. mt65h@clinmed.gla.ac.uk
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tomaszewski
authors.forename: Fadi J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Charchar
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lacka
authors.forename: Ullamari
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Pesonen
authors.forename: William Y S
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zukowska-Szczechowska
authors.forename: Wladyslaw
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Grzeszczak
authors.forename: Anna F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Dominiczak
mesh_terms: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000235:genetics*; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010375:Pedigree; D010641:Phenotype; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D009478:Neuropeptide Y; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2