title: The in vitro antibiotic release from anti-washout apatite cement using chitosan.
abstract: The in vitro antibiotic release from anti-washout apatite cement using chitosan (aw-AC(chi)) was investigated in a preliminary evaluation. Flomoxef sodium was employed as the antibiotic and was incorporated into the powder phase aw-AC(chi) at up to 10%. The setting times were measured for aw-AC(chi) containing various amounts of flomoxef sodium. X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis was also conducted for the identification of products. To evaluate the drug release profile, set aw-AC was immersed in saline and the released flomoxef sodium was determined at regular intervals. The setting time was prolonged slightly with the addition of flomoxef sodium. The difference at 10% flomoxef sodium (0% vs. 10%) was not significant (p>0.05), and can be negligible in clinic. The XRD analysis revealed that formation of hydroxyapatite (HAP) from aw-AC(chi) was reduced, even after 24 h, when the aw-AC(chi) contained flomoxef sodium at 8% or more. The flomoxef sodium release from aw-AC(chi) showed the typical profile observed in skeleton type drug delivery system (DDS). Changing the concentration of chitosan can control the rate of drug release from aw-AC. Therefore, we conclude that aw-AC(chi) is a good candidate for potential use as a DDS carrier that may be useful in surgical operations.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dentistry, Tokushima University, 3-18-15 Kuramoto, Tokushima, 770-8504 Japan. takechi@dent.tokushima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takechi
authors.forename: Youji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Momota
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yuasa
authors.forename: Seikou
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tatehara
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nagayama
authors.forename: Kunio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Kazuomi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki