title: Perceived viral load, but not actual HIV-1-RNA load, is associated with sexual risk behaviour among HIV-infected homosexual men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Increases in sexual risk behaviour and sexually transmitted infections among HIV-infected homosexual men after the introduction of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) confirm the need for innovative prevention activities. The present study focused on time trends in sexual risk behaviour and predictors for unprotected anal intercourse in the HAART era among HIV-infected homosexual men.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2000-2003, 57 HIV-infected homosexual men (mean age 45 years) were interviewed in three serial data waves. Logistic regression, correcting for repeated measurements, was used to assess time trends in risky sex, and the association between HAART-related beliefs, and both the perceived and actual viral load level and CD4 cell counts and subsequent risky sex.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Risky sex with casual partners increased from 10.5% in 2000 to 27.8% in 2003 (P < 0.01), and with steady partners of negative or unknown HIV status from 5.3% to 10.7% (P = 0.6). Homosexual men with a favourable perception of their viral load were more likely to engage in subsequent risky sex with steady partners of negative or unknown HIV status than men with a less favourable perception of their viral load; this association was independent of the actual HIV-1-RNA load and CD4 cell counts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Risky sex increased in this group of HIV-infected homosexual men. The perceived viral load, but not the actual load, is associated with subsequent risky sex with steady partners of negative or unknown HIV status. Care givers should discuss with patients not only their actual viral load and CD4 cell count but also their perceived viral load.
authors.affiliation: Municipal Health Service Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. istolte@gggd.amsterdam.nl
authors.forename: Ineke G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Stolte
authors.forename: John B F
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: de Wit
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van Eeden
authors.forename: Roel A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Coutinho
authors.forename: Nicole H T M
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Dukers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D001294:Attitude to Health; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000523:psychology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010465:Perception; D012367:RNA, Viral; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D021841:Safe Sex; D012747:Sexual Partners; D013997:Time Factors; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral