title: Long-term results of covered stent repair of internal carotid artery dissections.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Traumatic and spontaneous dissections of internal carotid arteries (ICA) are rare conditions. So far, these pathologies are primarily treated conservatively, surgical revascularization being an option only after recurrent thromboembolic neurologic episodes or continuous aneurysm growth. Successful endovascular treatment strategies with covered stents have been reported in patients with ICA dissections. However, no long-term results are published so far. Herein, we report our experience of a combined conventional and endovascular repair of ICA dissections under reversed flow and their respective long-term results.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective evaluation of clinical and morphologic outcome of 6 patients with carotid artery dissections, 2 patients were treated for continuous aneurysm growth and 4 patients for high-grade ICA stenoses with recurrent thromboembolic episodes during a 6-month follow-up period. A 6-mm polytetrafluoroethylene Hemobahn endoprosthesis was inserted under reversed flow of the internal carotid artery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No perioperative strokes were observed; one TIA occurred, lasting less than 3 hours; no peripheral cranial nerve injuries or deaths were observed. No occlusions, hemodynamically significant stenosis, or recurrent neurologic symptoms were seen during follow-up, which ranged from 6 to 54 months (mean, 38.3 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Open endovascular repair of the ICA of symptomatic patients with dissections with a 6-mm covered endoprosthesis is a safe alternative to conventional surgery, with excellent long-term patency.
authors.affiliation: Chriurgie mit Gefässchirurgie, Wilhelminespital Wien, Vienna, Austria. afshin_assadian@yahoo.de
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Assadian
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Senekowitsch
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rotter
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zölss
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Strassegger
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Hagmüller
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017130:Angioplasty; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; D002343:Carotid Artery, Internal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D020215:Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome