title: 3,3',5-Triiodo-L-thyronine up-regulation of Na,K-ATPase activity and cell surface expression in alveolar epithelial cells is Src kinase- and phosphoinositide 3-kinase-dependent.
abstract: We previously reported that thyroid hormone, 3,3',5-triiodo-l-thyronine (T3), increased Na,K-ATPase activity of adult rat alveolar epithelial cells in a transcription-independent manner via increased cell surface expression of the alpha(1) and beta(1) subunits of Na,K-ATPase. Now we sought to identify signaling molecules necessary for T3 stimulation of Na,K-ATPase activity in alveolar epithelial cells. Whereas protein kinase A inhibitor H-8 and protein kinase C inhibitor bisindolymaleimide did not block the T3-induced increase in Na,K-ATPase activity, two inhibitors of phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K), wortmannin and Ly294002, and two Src kinase inhibitors, PP1 and PP2, blocked the T3-induced Na,K-ATPase activity. T3 stimulated the activity of PI3K as measured by phosphatidylinositol 3-phosphate. T3 also stimulated the serine 473 phosphorylation of the PI3K downstream molecule PKB/Akt in a dose-dependent manner. Transient expression of a constitutively active mutant of the PI3K catalytic subunit p110 augmented Na,K-ATPase activity and increased the amount of cell surface Na,K-ATPase alpha(1) subunit protein. T3 also stimulated Src family kinase activity. Transient expression of a constitutively active Src kinase increased Na,K-ATPase activity, PI3K activity, and phosphorylation of PKB/Akt at serine 473. PP1 or PP2 blocked T3-stimulated PKB/Akt phosphorylation at serine 473 and PI3K activity that was activated by an active mutant of Src; however, wortmannin did not inhibit the T3-stimulated Src kinase activity. Although PP1 and wortmannin abolished the increase in Na,K-ATPase activity induced by the active mutant of Src, PP1 did not inhibit the active mutant of PI3K-up-regulated Na,K-ATPase activity. In summary, T3 stimulates the PI3K/PKB pathway via the Src family of tyrosine kinases, and activation of both the Src family kinases and PI3K is required for the T3-induced stimulation of Na,K-ATPase activity and its cell surface expression in adult rat alveolar epithelial cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Jianxun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lei
authors.forename: Cary N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Mariash
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Ingbar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism*; D014284:Triiodothyronine / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D021122:Protein Subunits; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D000254:Sodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPase; D014284:Triiodothyronine; D019061:src-Family Kinases; C494920:Akt1 protein, rat