title: Insertion and partition of sodium taurocholate into egg phosphatidylcholine vesicles.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To get a continuous description of the insertion and partition processes of sodium taurocholate (TC) into the lipid bilayers of vesicles that can serve as a model for understanding the mechanism of destabilization by the bile salts of liposomes used as drug carriers for oral administration.
  
  
  METHODS
  The progressive solubilization of egg phosphatidylcholine vesicles during TC addition at controlled rates was followed by continuous turbidity (OD) and resonance energy transfer (RET) between two fluorescent probes. The influence of the lipid and TC concentrations as well as the rate of TC addition on the processes were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Continuous turbidity recordings allowed following of the size and composition evolutions of the mixed TC/lipid aggregates formed at different steps of the vesicle-micelle transition. The solubilization mechanism is governed by complex kinetics that depend on the surfactant concentration and its addition rate. A two-step process characterizes the evolution of the vesicular state: interaction of TC molecules with the external monolayer of the vesicles first occurs. The homogeneous distribution of TC within the lipid matrix after its insertion is a very slow process. A micellar structural reorganization is observed when TC is added rapidly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This work provides detailed information on the slow insertion and diffusion kinetics of TC in liposomal bilayers by using a dynamic study which mimics physiological phenomena of digestion.
authors.affiliation: Equipe Physicochimie des Systèmes Polyphasés, UMR CNRS 8612, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry cedex, France. karine.andrieux@cep.u-psud.fr
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Andrieux
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Forte
authors.forename: Sylviane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lesieur
authors.forename: Maité
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paternostre
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ollivon
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grabielle-Madelmont
mesh_terms: D003902:Detergents / Q000737:chemistry*; D008081:Liposomes / Q000737:chemistry*; D008823:Micelles; D009391:Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D013656:Taurocholic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003902:Detergents; D008081:Liposomes; D008823:Micelles; D010712:Phosphatidic Acids; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D013656:Taurocholic Acid