title: Preoperative sonographic evaluation is a useful method of detecting contralateral patent processus vaginalis in pediatric patients with unilateral inguinal hernia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the value of ultrasound scan (US) in the preoperative identification of a contralateral patent processus vaginalis (CPPV), the authors investigated the presence of CPPV by US in children with clinically diagnosed unilateral inguinal hernias.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred forty-eight patients (168 boys and 180 girls) with unilateral inguinal hernia underwent US examination using a 7.5-MHz linear transducer. If a CPPV was visible as a hydrocele owing to the inflow of physiologic ascites into a processus vaginalis on straining, then US scanning was performed while the patient was at rest and while inducing straining by standing or crying. A groin with a hydrocele in the inguinal canal on straining was diagnosed as a CPPV and was explored bilaterally through surgery. The US findings were compared with surgical results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 348 patients, 78 cases (22.4%) were diagnosed by US as patients with a CPPV; these patients underwent bilateral surgery. Seventy-four of 78 cases (94.9%) were confirmed surgically as patients with CPPV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A CPPV was detected correctly by US in 74 of 348 patients (21.3%) with clinically diagnosed unilateral inguinal hernias. US is a noninvasive and accurate method for evaluating the presence of a CPPV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Toyonaka Municipal Hospital, Toyonaka-Shi, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Takanari
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Rei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitada
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimano
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011300:Preoperative Care; D006848:Testicular Hydrocele / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography