title: Microbiology and management of myositis.
abstract: This review summarizes the microbiology, management, and prevention of myositis. Muscular infections frequently occur in areas of the body that have been compromised or injured by a foreign body, trauma, ischemia, injection of illicit drug, malignancy, or surgery. These infections can develop very rapidly to life-threatening systemic illness. The predominant pathogens are Staphylococcus aureus, Group A streptococci (GAS), gram-negative aerobic and facultative bacilli, and the indigenous aerobic and anaerobic cutaneous and mucous membranes local microflora. Pyogenic myositis can be classified into either GAS necrotizing myositis, clostridial myonecrosis (gas gangrene), or nonclostridial (crepitant) myositis. Intensive surgical and medical therapy that includes the administration of intravenous fluids and antimicrobial therapy is an essential element in management of muscle infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Georgetown University School of Medicine, 4431 Albemarle St. NW, Washington, DC 20016, USA. ib6@georgetown.edu
authors.forename: Itzhak
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Brook
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001420:Bacteria, Aerobic / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003646:Debridement / Q000379:methods; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009220:Myositis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents