title: Summer sandal genital trauma.
abstract: In this paper four cases are reported of girls presenting with vulval injuries as result of heavy impact against the edge of redundant soles. All four were referred for suspicion of sexual abuse to the Lindisfarne Forensic Paediatric Centre, Newcastle because no obvious mechanism for injury was available from the initial history, and because of apparent delay in reporting of symptoms. In each case, the lack of injury to deeper structures including the hymen, was a strong indicator of their accidental origin.
authors.affiliation: Lindisfarne Forensic Paediatric Centre, Royal Victoria Infirmary Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de San Lazaro
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sivaramakrishnan