title: Regulation of Gene33 expression by insulin requires MEK-ERK activation.
abstract: Gene33 and its human homologue, mitogen inducible gene-6/receptor-associated late transducer (mig-6, RALT), is a 53-kDa soluble protein that was identified as a hepatic gene regulated by glucocorticoids and insulin. Its mRNA is expressed in numerous tissues in addition to the liver. Mitogen inducibility of Gene33 mRNA has been described in several experimental systems. Recent reports have suggested a role for Gene33 in inhibition of proliferation induced by factors that bind to members of the ErbB family of receptors. In the present work, we examine the regulation of Gene33 protein by insulin in hepatoma cells of rat (H4IIE) and human (HepG2/Hep3B) origin. Inhibition of MEK1 significantly inhibited extracellularly regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 activation and insulin-regulated Gene33 transcription and protein levels in H4IIE cells. Inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K) activity alone did not significantly alter transcription of Gene33. In Hep3B and HepG2 cells, insulin did not significantly induce either ERK1/2 activation or Gene33 expression. This work suggests that the MEK-ERK, but not the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K), pathway plays a direct role in insulin regulation of Gene33 transcription and protein expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Division of Molecular and Cellular Pathology, Volker Hall, G019, 1670 University Blvd., University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0019, USA.
authors.forename: Adam B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Keeton
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: J Lee
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Franklin
authors.forename: Joseph L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Messina
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000730:Androstadienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007106:Immune Sera; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics; D048728:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D051381:Rats; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D000077191:Wortmannin
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000730:Androstadienes; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D002867:Chromones; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D007106:Immune Sera; D007328:Insulin; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D048728:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D009025:Morpholines; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014212:Tretinoin; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D000077191:Wortmannin; C484017:ERRFI1 protein, human; C000629925:Errfi1 protein, rat; C085911:2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; C482576:MAP3K1 protein, human; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one