title: Echo-guided percutaneous septal ablation for symptomatic hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy: 7 years of experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the impact of intra-procedural echocardiographic imaging on the interventional strategy in ethanol-induced septal ablation (PTSMA) for symptomatic hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy (HOCM), based on a single-center experience of 7 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PTSMA was intended for refractory symptoms in 337 patients (pts.) with HOCM (mean age: 54 +/- 15 years), with 312 procedures completed by injection of 2.8 +/- 1.2 ml ethanol. In 25 pts. (8%) the intervention was aborted without ethanol injection, mostly because of echocardiographic findings (n = 18/6%). An echocardiography-driven target vessel change was necessary in 33 pts. (11%). In the 312 pts. who received ethanol, permanent pacing was necessary in 22 cases (7%). In-hospital mortality was 1.3% (4 pts.). After 3 months, mean NYHA functional class was reduced from 2.9 +/- 0.5 to 1.5 +/- 0.6 (p < 0.0001) along with a gradient reduction from 60 +/- 33 to 13 +/- 18 mmHg at rest, and from 120 +/- 43 to 38 +/- 35 mmHg with provocation (p < 0.0001 each). Exercise capacity improved from 94 +/- 51 to 115 +/- 43 W, peak oxygen consumption from 18 +/- 4 to 21 +/- 6 ml/kg/min (p < 0.01 each). There was no significant difference regarding residual gradients in pts. with different levels of immediate gradient reduction during probatory balloon occlusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Catheter-based septal ablation is an effective non-surgical technique for reducing symptoms and outflow gradients in HOCM. Intra-procedural echocardiographic guidance has a cumulative impact on the interventional strategy in about 15-20%, and clearly identifies pts. who should not receive ethanol but undergo a surgical myectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Heart and Diabetes Center North Rhine-Westphalia, Ruhr-University Bochum, Georgstr. 11, D-32545 Bad Oeynhausen, Germany. lfaber@hdz-nrw.de
authors.forename: Lothar
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Faber
authors.forename: Hubert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seggewiss
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Welge
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fassbender
authors.forename: Henning K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Gleichmann
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Horstkotte
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic / Q000295:instrumentation*; D003287:Contrast Media; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000295:instrumentation*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006346:Heart Septum / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011134:Polysaccharides; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional; D014694:Ventricular Outflow Obstruction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D011134:Polysaccharides; C059891:SHU 508; D000431:Ethanol