title: Genetic and expression analyses of FZD3 in schizophrenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Wnt signaling plays important roles in neurodevelopmental processes. Frizzled is a receptor of Wnt protein, and the Frizzled 3 (FZD3) gene was recently reported to be associated with schizophrenia. Our study attempted to confirm associations between FZD3 and schizophrenia in Japanese family and case-control samples.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genetic associations were evaluated using family-based transmission tests (212 families, 643 subjects) and case--control analysis (540 schizophrenia patients, 540 control sample). Six single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) on the FZD3 locus were genotyped, and levels of FZD3 mRNA expression in postmortem brains were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neither family- nor population-based studies supported associations between FZD3 and schizophrenia. FZD3 expression was unaltered in schizophrenic brains.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although two prior studies have reported associations using limited numbers of SNPs on FZD3, our intensive study failed to support any major contribution of FZD3 to schizophrenia susceptibility.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Molecular Psychiatry, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako-city, Saitama, Japan.
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ide
authors.forename: Tatsuyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Muratake
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Yoshimi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwayama-Shigeno
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
authors.forename: Hitomi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takao
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toyota
authors.forename: Naoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Minabe
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Tadafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asada
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Someya
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003001:Cloning, Molecular / Q000379:methods; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D051157:Frizzled Receptors; D015870:Gene Expression; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C105574:FZD3 protein, human; D051157:Frizzled Receptors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled