Depressive symptoms, neurocognitive impairment, and adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy among HIV-infected persons.
The association of depressive symptoms, neurocognitive impairment, and adherence to highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) was evaluated in 135 HIV-infected persons. Thirty percent reported nonadherence to HAART. Depressive symptoms (assessed with the Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale) and neurocognitive impairment (assessed with a neuropsychological test battery) were documented in 24% and 12%, respectively, of the study participants. Nonadherence to HAART was independently associated with worse depression rating scale scores (odds ratio=1.05, 95% confidence interval [CI]=1.00-1.10), acquisition of HIV through injection of drugs (odds ratio=2.59, 95% CI=1.05-6.39), and complaints about impairment of sexual activity (odds ratio=6.62, 95% CI=1.16-37.6). The presence of depressive symptoms, but not neurocognitive impairment, was associated with nonadherence.
Ammassari
Adriana
A
Clinica delle Malattie Infettive, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Rome, Italy. aammassari@libero.it
Antinori
Andrea
A
Aloisi
Maria Stella
MS
Trotta
Maria Paola
MP
Murri
Rita
R
Bartoli
Luca
L
Monforte
Antonella D'Arminio
AD
Wu
Albert W
AW
Starace
Fabrizio
F
D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000379:methods*; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*