The heat-shock protein receptors: some answers and more questions.
The existence of heat-shock protein (HSP) receptors on antigen-presenting cells (APCs) was hypothesized in 1994. The first such receptor, CD91 or LRP, was identified and characterized in 2000. The pace of attribution has quickened since and during the last three years alone, six putative HSP receptors have been identified. These include CD40, LOX-1, CD36, Toll-like receptor-2 (TLR-2), TLR-4 and SR-A. The literature on HSP receptors on APCs is critically examined in this review and future directions are imagined.
Binder
R J
RJ
Center for Immunotherapy of Cancer and Infectious Diseases, University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030-1601, USA.
Vatner
R
R
Srivastava
P
P
D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology; D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology*; D018955:CD36 Antigens; D019013:CD40 Antigens / Q000276:immunology*; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000276:immunology; D026503:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000276:immunology*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000276:immunology; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000276:immunology*; D051131:Receptors, Oxidized LDL; D051116:Receptors, Scavenger; D051117:Scavenger Receptors, Class A; D051127:Scavenger Receptors, Class E; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2
D015703:Antigens, CD; D018955:CD36 Antigens; D019013:CD40 Antigens; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; C475476:LRP1 protein, human; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D026503:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1; C495137:OLR1 protein, human; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D011973:Receptors, LDL; D051131:Receptors, Oxidized LDL; D051116:Receptors, Scavenger; D051117:Scavenger Receptors, Class A; D051127:Scavenger Receptors, Class E; C493486:Tlr2 protein, mouse; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2