title: Initial experience with an endoscopic radial artery harvesting technique.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the study was to investigate the feasibility of an endoscopic radial artery harvesting technique to improve esthetic results and possibly reduce the incidence of neurologic complications observed with the open method.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between July 1, 2002, and October 1, 2003, a total of 54 patients underwent endoscopic radial artery harvesting at our institution. Standard endoscopic equipment and a Harmonic Scalpel (Ethicon Endo-Surgery, Inc, Cincinnati, Ohio) were used. Mean age of the patients was 63 +/- 8.1 years, and 16% were female. All patients underwent a preoperative Allen test and duplex ultrasonography to demonstrate adequate ulnar collateral flow. The nondominant arm was used for radial artery harvesting. Mean clinical follow-up was 13 +/- 4.6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The artery was harvested through a 3-cm incision at the wrist and was divided at the elbow either through a small counterincision (n = 16) or endoscopically with the use of clips, Endoloop, and endoscopic scissors (n = 38). Mean harvest time was 42.2 +/- 16.9 minutes but decreased from 85 minutes for the first cases to 25 minutes for the last 5 cases. Mean harvested length was 19.6 +/- 1.7 cm. Harvesting complications included 1 conversion, 2 postoperative hematomas, 1 injury, 8 endoscopically controlled bleedings, and 15 cases of at least some superficial radial nerve paresthesia at 6 weeks (clinically relevant in 4 cases). Selective postoperative angiography revealed 1 occluded graft and 1 stenotic graft requiring percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty of the native vessel. Eighty-seven percent of the patients were enthusiastic about this new procedure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic radial artery harvesting is a feasible procedure that requires a definite learning curve. Although nerve paresthesias were not completely eliminated in our experience, the technique provided ample patient satisfaction. Further clinical follow-up is required to determine long-term patency rates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Thoracic Surgery OLV Clinic, Aalst, Belgium. Filip.Casselman@olvz-aalst.be
authors.forename: F P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Casselman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: La Meir
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cammu
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wellens
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Geest
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Degrieck
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Van Praet
authors.forename: Yvette
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Vermeulen
authors.forename: Hugo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vanermen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017546:Angioscopy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017534:Radial Artery / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000379:methods*; D014654:Vascular Patency