title: Pharmacokinetics-pharmacodynamics during drug development--an example from Servier: ivabradine.
abstract: A short introduction to the principles of pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic (PK-PD) modelling and population approaches is provided in this article. The importance of implementing these techniques in the drug development process is illustrated by an example from experience at the Servier International Research Institute. This example demonstrates how the use of PK-PD modelling can rationalise the development process and save valuable time. Population approaches significantly contribute to the integration of PK-PD modelling into the different drug development phases by expanding the possibilities of application.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Recherches Internationales Servier, Courbevoie, France. christian.laveille@fr.netgrs.com
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Laveille
authors.forename: Roeline
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jochemsen
mesh_terms: D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000188:drug therapy; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017322:Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D000077550:Ivabradine; D008954:Models, Biological; D011153:Population
chemical_list: D001552:Benzazepines; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D000077550:Ivabradine