title: Diagnosis of peripheral nerve sheath tumors around the pelvis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To distinguish between benign and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors around the pelvis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study of 30 patients with benign and malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors located around the pelvis was performed. Clinical, imaging and histological features of 19 benign and 11 malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors around the pelvis were reviewed retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nearly all patients exhibited pain at presentation in cases involving both benign and malignant tumors. Although tumor size, duration of symptoms and presence of sensory disturbance possessed little value in differential diagnosis, severe motor weakness was observed exclusively in patients presenting with malignant tumors. On CT or MRI, central enhancement was apparent in 11 of the 19 benign tumors; in contrast, central enhancement was evident in one of the 11 malignant tumors. Fine needle aspiration cytology was performed in 11 tumors; correct diagnosis was achieved in four tumors. Core needle biopsy was performed in five tumors, all of which were correctly diagnosed with no neurological deficits. Immunohistochemically, all benign tumors were diffusely positive for S-100 protein, whereas malignant tumors were negative or focally positive for S-100 protein. Ki-67 index was less than 4% in all benign tumors; additionally, this index was 7-36% in malignant tumors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Central enhancement pattern on imaging studies strongly suggests a benign tumor; in contrast, severe motor weakness suggests malignant lesions. Core needle biopsy was reliable with respect to preoperative diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Orthopedic Surgery, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata 951-8510, Japan. aogose@med.niigata-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ogose
authors.forename: Tetsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hotta
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Higuchi
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Umezu
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Imaizumi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hatano
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawashima
authors.forename: Wenguang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Naoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Endo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018317:Nerve Sheath Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D010386:Pelvic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D009418:S100 Proteins