title: Formation of aggresome-like structures in herpes simplex virus type 2-infected cells and a potential role in virus assembly.
abstract: Herpes simplex virus (HSV) is a large, enveloped DNA virus that replicates in the nucleus and is assembled in the cytoplasm to the mature infectious virion. In this study, we present evidence that, in HSV-2-infected cells, some tegument proteins (UL46 and VP16) and newly synthesized nucleocapsids accumulate in a juxtanuclear domain sharing characteristics with aggresomes, cellular structures formed in response to misfolded proteins [J. Cell Biol. 146 (1999) 1239, J. Cell Biol. 143 (1998) 2010]. The juxtanuclear domains (aggresome-like structures) induced by HSV-2 infection localize to the microtubule organizing center (MTOC) where the clustering mitochondria, Golgi-derived vesicles, and cellular chaperones including heat shock protein (Hsp)40 and Hsp70 were recruited. Formation of aggresome-like structures was blocked by the presence of microtubule-disassembling drug nocodazole, indicating that microtubule-dependent transport may be involved in the accumulation of viral and cellular proteins at these sites in HSV-2-infected cells. These features are similar to those governing the formation of aggresomes. In contrast to aggresomes, however, the vimentin cage surrounding the MTOC was not observed with the aggresome-like structures in HSV-2-infected cells, and the maintenance of these structures required an intact microtubular network. Disruption of the aggresome-like structures by nocodazole treatment led to a low but consistent effect (10-fold decrease) on the production of intracellular infectious particles. These results suggest that aggresome-like structures do not play a critical but augmentary role in HSV-2 replication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, Showa, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nozawa
authors.forename: Yohei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.forename: Kenzo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohtsuka
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawaguchi
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001692:Biological Transport; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human; D022101:Microtubule-Organizing Center / Q000378:metabolism*; D008870:Microtubules; D015739:Nocodazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D015388:Organelles / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014709:Vero Cells / Q000821:virology; D014746:Vimentin / Q000378:metabolism; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019065:Virus Assembly; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014746:Vimentin; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins; D015739:Nocodazole