title: Partners of ICD patients--an exploratory study of their experiences.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The experiences of partners who care for and support the needs of a loved one with an implantable cardiac defibrillator (ICD) remain largely unknown within Europe.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study explored the nature of partner's experiences from the pre-ICD implantation phase up until a maximum of 20 months at home.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight partners cohabiting with a recipient of an ICD were interviewed using a semistructured schedule. All interviews were transcribed and content analysed for emerging categories and themes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four themes representing 11 categories conceptualised the partners' experiences, these included: Acknowledging the patient's need for the device, reactions to the device, safeguarding the patient, and returning to normality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This qualitative study suggests that partners of ICD recipients progress through various difficult and adaptive stages when learning how best to support the patient. A point is reached when most are able to assume control and normalise their lives. This transformation is slow; however, to improve this process and empower partners, nurses should provide relevant information and include them in decisions affecting the patient. Further research into the unique needs of partners, which includes international perspectives, would be significant in developing practice and theory in this area.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Health and Social Care, Critical Care Nursing, University of the West of England, Glenside Campus, Blackberry Hill, Bristol, BS16 1DD, UK. John.Albarran@uwe.ac.uk
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Albarran
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tagney
authors.forename: Jayne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: James
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D017028:Caregivers / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*; D017281:Cost of Illness; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology; D005239:Fear; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D024802:Nurse's Role; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D011209:Power, Psychological; D036301:Qualitative Research; D011788:Quality of Life; D017751:Safety Management; D012944:Social Support; D018454:Spouses / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D006113:United Kingdom