title: Effect of high-dose intravenous immunoglobulin on suppression of alloantibodies against hla in highly sensitized transplant candidates.
abstract: Sensitization can present a virtually insurmountable barrier to kidney transplantation. Ten to twenty percent of patients on waiting lists for renal transplantation have developed broadly reactive cytotoxic antibodies against HLA antigens caused by pregnancy, blood transfusion, or a prior failed allograft. These sensitized end-stage renal disease patients often wait more than 5 years for a kidney to be offered. Potent immunosuppressives, plasma exchange and/or immunoadsorption have been used but the risk of infection limited their use. Some reports, have demonstrated in small numbers of patients the use of Intravenous Immunoglobulin (IVIG) as potential modality for the treatment of these sensitized patients. The goal of this study was to investigate the extent of the efficacy and to assess the utility of this modality of treatment on a relatively larger number of patients. The study included 11 patients with end stage renal disease who were waiting for living related renal allotransplantation. All patients had persistently positive crossmatches with their living related donors and PRA titer >/=20%. They received IVIG for a period of two weeks and a total of 6 doses. None of these patients, however, attained significant suppression of anti-HLA antibodies titer or a negative crossmatch reaction. We found that IVIG alone couldn't effectively inhibit preformed anti-HLA antibodies to allow successful renal transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Urology & Nephrology Center, Mansoura University, Egypt. khaledmahmoud2000@hotmail.com
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mahmoud
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sobh
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: El-Shenawy
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mostafa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abo El Magd
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hassan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: El-Agroudy
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sheashaa
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Opelz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghoneim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D005260:Female; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000601:surgery; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D018579:Patient Selection; D006435:Renal Dialysis
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents