title: Pulsatile motion effects on 3D magnetic resonance angiography: implications for evaluating carotid artery stenoses.
abstract: In-plane carotid artery motion during a 3D MR angiography (MRA) scan can significantly degrade the resulting image resolution. This study characterizes the effect of cardiac pulsatility on 3D contrast-enhanced (CE) MRA with elliptical centric acquisitions using a point-spread function (PSF) analysis. Internal carotid artery (ICA) motion was collected from volunteers and patients using both MR and ultrasound (US) scans. After measuring the carotid artery motion displacement, a simulation was performed which calculated the blurring effects for three different protocols: nongated and two different cardiac gating schemes. The motion sensitivity of each protocol was evaluated for different spatial resolutions. The selection of optimal imaging parameters for a given scan time was investigated. The final results showed that cardiac-gated acquisitions only over a limited region of k-space high spatial frequencies are more time-efficient than cardiac gating for the entire k-space, as it allows for higher resolutions to be achieved and for capturing the arterial phase with low spatial frequencies. Selecting the optimal gating parameters depends directly on the motion characteristics of each individual. Our initial clinical experience is presented, and the need for a real-time tool that characterizes motion behavior for each individual as a prescan protocol is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Medical Imaging Research, Sunnybrook and Women's College Health Science Centre, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. osama@sten.sunnybrook.utoronto.ca
authors.forename: Osama
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Al-Kwifi
authors.forename: Jae K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jeff
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stainsby
authors.forename: Yuexi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Marshall S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Sussman
authors.forename: Richard I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Farb
authors.forename: Graham A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Wright
mesh_terms: D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000502:physiology*; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003287:Contrast Media; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media