title: Pharmacological preconditioning with resveratrol: role of CREB-dependent Bcl-2 signaling via adenosine A3 receptor activation.
abstract: Recent studies demonstrated that resveratrol, a grape-derived polyphenolic phytoalexin, provides pharmacological preconditioning (PC) of the heart through a NO-dependent mechanism. Because adenosine receptors play a role in PC, we examined whether they play any role in resveratrol PC. Rats were randomly assigned to groups perfused for 15 min with 1) Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate buffer (KHB) only; 2) KHB containing 10 microM resveratrol; 3) 10 microM resveratrol + 1 microM 8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dimethylxanthine (CPT; adenosine A(1) receptor blocker); 4) 10 microM resveratrol + 1 microM 8-(3-chlorostyryl)caffeine (CSC; adenosine A(2a) receptor blocker); 5) 10 microM resveratrol + 1 microM 3-ethyl-5-benzyl-2-methyl-4-phenylethynyl-6-phenyl-1,4-(+/-)-dihydropyridine-3,5-dicarboxylate (MRS-1191; adenosine A(3) receptor blocker); or 6) 10 microM resveratrol + 3 microM 2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-1(4H)-benzopyran-4-one hydrochloride [LY-294002, phosphatidylinositol (PI)3-kinase inhibitor], and groups perfused with adenosine receptor blockers alone. Hearts were then subjected to 30-min ischemia followed by 2-h reperfusion. The results demonstrated significant cardioprotection with resveratrol evidenced by improved ventricular recovery and reduced infarct size and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. CPT and MRS 1191, but not CSC, abrogated the cardioprotective abilities of resveratrol, suggesting a role of adenosine A(1) and A(3) receptors in resveratrol PC. Resveratrol induced expression of Bcl-2 and caused its phosphorylation along with phosphorylation of cAMP response element-binding protein (CREB), Akt, and Bad. CPT blocked phosphorylation of Akt and Bad without affecting CREB, whereas MRS 1191 blocked phosphorylation of all compounds, including CREB. LY-294002 partially blocked the cardioprotective abilities of resveratrol. The results indicate that resveratrol preconditions the heart through activation of adenosine A(1) and A(3) receptors, the former transmitting a survival signal through PI3-kinase-Akt-Bcl-2 signaling pathway and the latter protecting the heart through a CREB-dependent Bcl-2 pathway in addition to an Akt-Bcl-2 pathway.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Center, Univ. of Connecticut, School of Medicine, Farmington, CT 06030-1110, USA.
authors.forename: Samarjit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Gerald A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Cordis
authors.forename: Nilanjana
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Maulik
authors.forename: Dipak K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Das
mesh_terms: D058918:Adenosine A3 Receptor Antagonists; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004095:Dihydropyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000473:pathology; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000502:physiology; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D058915:Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D043684:Receptor, Adenosine A3 / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077185:Resveratrol; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013806:Theophylline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D051025:bcl-Associated Death Protein
chemical_list: D058918:Adenosine A3 Receptor Antagonists; C494821:Bad protein, rat; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D004095:Dihydropyridines; C107728:MRS 1191; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D058915:Purinergic P1 Receptor Antagonists; D043684:Receptor, Adenosine A3; D013267:Stilbenes; D051025:bcl-Associated Death Protein; C053907:8-cyclopentyl-1,3-dimethylxanthine; D013806:Theophylline; C494920:Akt1 protein, rat; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D000077185:Resveratrol