title: Identification of sorbitol transporters expressed in the phloem of apple source leaves.
abstract: Sorbitol is a major photosynthetic product and a major phloem-translocated component in Rosaceae (e.g. apple, pear, peach, and cherry). We isolated the three cDNAs, MdSOT3, MdSOT4, and MdSOT5 from apple (Malus domestica) source leaves, which are homologous to plant polyol transporters. Yeasts transformed with the MdSOTs took up sorbitol significantly. MdSOT3- and MdSOT5-dependent sorbitol uptake was strongly inhibited by xylitol and myo-inositol, but not or only weakly by mannitol and dulcitol. Apparent K(m) values of MdSOT3 and MdSOT5 for sorbitol were estimated to be 0.71 mM and 3.2 mM, respectively. The protonophore, carbonyl cyanide m-chlorophenylhydrazone (CCCP), strongly inhibited the sorbitol transport. MdSOT3 was expressed specifically in source leaves, whereas MdSOT4 and MdSOT5 were expressed in source leaves and also in some sink organs. MdSOT4 and MdSOT5 expressions were highest in flowers. Fruits showed no or only weak MdSOT expression. Although MdSOT4 and MdSOT5 were also expressed in immature leaves, MdSOT expressions increased with leaf maturation. In addition, in situ hybridization revealed that all MdSOTs were expressed to high levels in phloem of minor veins in source leaves. These results suggest that these MdSOTs are involved in sorbitol loading in Rosaceae.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Chikusa, Nagoya, 464-8601 Japan.
authors.forename: Junya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Watari
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kobae
authors.forename: Shohei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamaki
authors.forename: Kunio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Toyofuku
authors.forename: Toshihito
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tabuchi
authors.forename: Katsuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiratake
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D001667:Binding, Competitive / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001693:Biological Transport, Active / Q000235:genetics; D002258:Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D035264:Flowers / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D027845:Malus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013012:Sorbitol / Q000378:metabolism*; D013402:Sugar Alcohols / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D015003:Yeasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013402:Sugar Alcohols; D013012:Sorbitol; D002258:Carbonyl Cyanide m-Chlorophenyl Hydrazone