Is HIV-1 RNA dimerization a prerequisite for packaging? Yes, no, probably?
During virus assembly, all retroviruses specifically encapsidate two copies of full-length viral genomic RNA in the form of a non-covalently linked RNA dimer. The absolute conservation of this unique genome structure within the Retroviridae family is strong evidence that a dimerized genome is of critical importance to the viral life cycle. An obvious hypothesis is that retroviruses have evolved to preferentially package two copies of genomic RNA, and that dimerization ensures the proper packaging specificity for such a genome. However, this implies that dimerization must be a prerequisite for genome encapsidation, a notion that has been debated for many years. In this article, we review retroviral RNA dimerization and packaging, highlighting the research that has attempted to dissect the intricate relationship between these two processes in the context of HIV-1, and discuss the therapeutic potential of these putative antiretroviral targets.
Russell
Rodney S
RS
McGill AIDS Centre, Lady Davis Institute, Jewish General Hospital, 3755 Cote Ste-Catherine Road, Montreal, Quebec, H3T 1E2, Canada. rodruss@hotmail.com
Liang
Chen
C
Wainberg
Mark A
MA
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019281:Dimerization; D015195:Drug Design; D016679:Genome, Viral; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D012367:RNA, Viral