title: Jun turnover is controlled through JNK-dependent phosphorylation of the E3 ligase Itch.
abstract: The turnover of Jun proteins, like that of other transcription factors, is regulated through ubiquitin-dependent proteolysis. Usually, such processes are regulated by extracellular stimuli through phosphorylation of the target protein, which allows recognition by F box-containing E3 ubiquitin ligases. In the case of c-Jun and JunB, we found that extracellular stimuli also modulate protein turnover by regulating the activity of an E3 ligase by means of its phosphorylation. Activation of the Jun amino-terminal kinase (JNK) mitogen-activated protein kinase cascade after T cell stimulation accelerated degradation of c-Jun and JunB through phosphorylation-dependent activation of the E3 ligase Itch. This pathway modulates cytokine production by effector T cells.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Gene Regulation and Signal Transduction, Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0723, USA.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Tord
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Labuda
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Ewen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gallagher
authors.forename: Deyu
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Yun-Cai
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D007378:Interleukins / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D048728:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D048055:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8; D048056:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 9; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018106:CD28 Antigens; D007378:Interleukins; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D025801:Ubiquitin; D007371:Interferon-gamma; C471637:Itch protein, mouse; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D048056:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 9; D048055:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 8; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048728:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinase 1; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases; C482578:Map3k1 protein, mouse