title: Predictors of survival in sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease and other human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies.
abstract: A collaborative study of human transmissible spongiform encephalopathies has been carried out from 1993 to 2000 and includes data from 10 national registries, the majority in Western Europe. In this study, we present analyses of predictors of survival in sporadic (n = 2304), iatrogenic (n = 106) and variant Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (n = 86) and in cases associated with mutations of the prion protein gene (n = 278), including Gerstmann-Sträussler-Scheinker syndrome (n = 24) and fatal familial insomnia (n = 41). Overall survival for each disease type was assessed by the Kaplan-Meier method and the multivariate analyses by the Cox proportional hazards model. In sporadic disease, longer survival was correlated with younger age at onset of illness, female gender, codon 129 heterozygosity, presence of CSF 14-3-3 protein and type 2a prion protein type. The ability to predict survival based on patient covariates is important for diagnosis and counselling, and the characterization of the survival distributions, in the absence of therapy, will be an important starting point for the assessment of potential therapeutic agents in the future.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pocchiari
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Puopolo
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Croes
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Budka
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gelpi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sutcliffe
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guilivi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Delasnerie-Laupretre
authors.forename: J-P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Brandel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alperovitch
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zerr
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Poser
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Kretzschmar
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ladogana
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rietvald
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mitrova
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Martinez-Martin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: de Pedro-Cuesta
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Glatzel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aguzzi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mackenzie
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: van Duijn
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Will
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D003062:Codon / Q000235:genetics; D007562:Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D016098:Gerstmann-Straussler-Scheinker Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods; D017096:Prion Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality*; D011328:Prions / Q000235:genetics; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution
chemical_list: D003062:Codon; D011328:Prions