title: Cyclosporin A traps ABCA1 at the plasma membrane and inhibits ABCA1-mediated lipid efflux to apolipoprotein A-I.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  ABCA1 mediates cellular cholesterol and phospholipid efflux to apolipoprotein A-I and other apolipoprotein acceptors. In this study, we analyzed the effect of the immunosuppressant cyclosporin A on the ABCA1-mediated lipid effluxes reactions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cyclosporin A acted as a potent inhibitor of ABCA1 activity in several cell lines. Using the RAW264.7 mouse macrophage cell line, in which ABCA1 and its associated cholesterol efflux activity are inducible by cAMP analogues, cyclosporin A inhibition of cholesterol efflux to apolipoprotein A-I was rapidly reversible after its removal from the culture media, implying that ABCA1 levels were not drastically reduced by cyclosporin A. In fact, cyclosporin A treatment decreased ABCA1 turnover and yielded a 2-fold increase in cell-surface ABCA1. Despite the increase in cell-surface ABCA1, cyclosporin A decreased apolipoprotein A-I uptake, resecretion, and degradation in RAW cells. Finally, consistent with the inhibition of ABCA1 in vitro, cyclosporin A treatment induced a 33% reduction of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) levels in mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ABCA1 inhibition by cyclosporin A supports a role for ABCA1 endocytic trafficking in ABCA1-mediated lipid efflux and could explain in part the low HDL levels observed in some patients with transplants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology NC10, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Wilfried
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Le Goff
authors.forename: Dao-Quan
authors.initials: DQ
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Settle
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brubaker
authors.forename: Richard E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Morton
authors.forename: Jonathan D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL
chemical_list: D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D016572:Cyclosporine