title: A randomised, placebo controlled, comparative trial of the gastrointestinal safety and efficacy of AZD3582 versus naproxen in osteoarthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the gastrointestinal safety and efficacy of the COX inhibiting nitric oxide donator AZD3582 in patients with hip or knee osteoarthritis.
  
  
  METHODS
  970 patients were randomised (7:7:2) to AZD3582 750 mg twice daily, naproxen 500 mg twice daily, or placebo twice daily in a double blind study. The primary end point was the six week incidence of endoscopic gastroduodenal ulcers (diameter > or =3 mm). Overall damage measured on the Lanza scale was a secondary end point. Safety and tolerability assessments included endoscopic upper gastrointestinal erosions and the gastrointestinal symptom rating scale (GSRS). Efficacy was primarily assessed by WOMAC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of ulcers with AZD3582 was 9.7% and with naproxen 13.7% (p = 0.07, NS), v 0% on placebo. The incidence of Lanza scores >2 was higher with naproxen (43.7%) than with AZD3582 (32.2%) (p<0.001). Compared with baseline, significantly fewer ulcers and erosions developed in stomach and stomach/duodenum combined, and fewer erosions developed in stomach, duodenum, and both combined on AZD3582 than on naproxen. GSRS reflux and abdominal pain subscale scores were lower for AZD3582 than for naproxen but there was no difference for indigestion, constipation, and diarrhoea. AZD3582 was as effective as naproxen at improving WOMAC scores. Both agents were well tolerated, with no significant effects on blood pressure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At doses with similar efficacy in relieving osteoarthritis symptoms, the primary end point of six week endoscopic gastroduodenal ulcer incidence was not significantly different between AZD3582 and naproxen. Most secondary endoscopic gastrointestinal end points favoured AZD3582.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Lund University, SE-221 85 Lund, Sweden. Stefan.Lohmander@ort.lu.se
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Lohmander
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McKeith
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Svensson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malmenäs
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bolin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kalla
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Genti
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szechinski
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ramos-Remus
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009288:Naproxen / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D015207:Osteoarthritis, Hip / Q000188:drug therapy*; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced; D011788:Quality of Life; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D009281:Naphthalenes; C111751:naproxen-n-butyl nitrate; D009288:Naproxen