title: Single-step procedure for gas chromatography-mass spectrometry screening and quantitative determination of amphetamine-type stimulants and related drugs in blood, serum, oral fluid and urine samples.
abstract: We describe a rapid GC/MS assay for amphetamine-type stimulant drugs (ATSs) and structurally related common medicaments in blood, serum, oral fluid and urine samples. The drugs were extracted from their matrices and derivatized with heptafluorobutyric anhydride (HFBA) in a single step, using the following procedure: 100 microl (oral fluid) or 200 microl (blood, serum, urine) of the sample were mixed with 50 microl of alkaline buffer and 500 microl of extraction-derivatization reagent (toluene + HFBA + internal standard), centrifuged, and injected into a GC/MS apparatus. As revealed by the validation data this procedure, with its limit of quantitation being set at 20 ng/ml for oral fluid, 25 ng/ml for blood or 200 ng/ml for urine, is suitable for screening, identification and quantitative determination of the ATSs and related drugs in all the matrices examined. Thus, time-consuming and expensive multiple analyses are not needed, unless specifically required.
authors.affiliation: Drug Research Unit and Laboratory of Substance Abuse, Department of Mental Health and Alcohol Research, National Public Health Institute, Mannerheimintie 166, FIN-00300 Helsinki, Finland. aino.kankaanpaa@ktl.fi
authors.forename: Aino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kankaanpää
authors.forename: Teemu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gunnar
authors.forename: Kari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ariniemi
authors.forename: Pirjo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lillsunde
authors.forename: Sirpa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mykkänen
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Seppälä
mesh_terms: D000662:Amphetamines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000662:Amphetamines; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D007202:Indicators and Reagents