Successful treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis with lipid formulations of amphotericin B in two immunocompromised patients.
Pentavalent antimonial drugs are habitually the first choice for treating leishmaniasis, although they possess well-known toxicity and may present some therapeutic failure. Lipid formulations of amphotericin B (LFAB) have been increasingly used for treating several types of leishmaniasis. However, the administration of such lipid formulations specifically to patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is still rare, including immunocompromised patients to whom standard treatments are more frequently contraindicated. We describe here two cases of immunocompromised patients with CL, one of them with AIDS, representing the first case of AIDS and CL co-infection treated with LFAB described in the literature. The patient achieved therapeutic success with a total 1.500 mg dose of amphotericin B colloidal dispersion. The other had diabetes mellitus as well as kidney failure and was under dialysis, having obtained the healing of lesion with a total dose of 600 mg of liposomal amphotericin B. Thus, the authors suggest that LFAB can represent a safe, efficient and less toxic therapeutic alternative to pentavalent antimonials, as well as to the so-called second line drugs, pentamidine and amphotericin B deoxycholate.
Amato
Valdir S
VS
Infectious and Parasitic Diseases Clinic, Hospital das Clínicas, Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Dr. Enéas de Carvalho Aguiar 255, São Paulo, Brazil. valdirsa@netpoint.com.br
Rabello
Ana
A
Rotondo-Silva
Alexandre
A
Kono
Adriana
A
Maldonado
Tânia Patrícia H
TP
Alves
Isabel C
IC
Floeter-Winter
Lucile M
LM
Neto
Vicente Amato
VA
Shikanai-Yasuda
Maria Aparecida
MA
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D000328:Adult; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D008081:Liposomes / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010715:Phosphatidylglycerols / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D008081:Liposomes; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D010715:Phosphatidylglycerols; C068538:liposomal amphotericin B; D000666:Amphotericin B