title: Symptoms defined by parents' and teachers' ratings in attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder: changes with age.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether Child Behavior Checklist/4-18 (CBCL) and Teacher Report Form (TRF) scores of children and adolescents with a first-time diagnosis of attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) are different and whether there is a similar difference in normal control subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed the CBCL and TRF scores of 146 patients (124 boys and 22 girls, aged 6 to 18 years; mean age 11.0 years, SD 3.6). We analyzed the same scores for 274 age and sex-matched control subjects recruited from a nationally representative sample.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Subjects with ADHD had significantly higher CBCL and TRF scores than control subjects. Age was significantly correlated with scores on the CBCL and TRF subscales Social Withdrawal, Somatic Complaints, and Internalization Problems; with scores on the CBCL subscale Attention Problems; and with scores on the TRF subscale Anxiety-Depression. In the group with ADHD, age was negatively correlated with scores on the CBCL and TRF subscale Externalizing Problems and with scores on the TRF subscale Aggressive Behavior. In the control group, the only significant correlation was between age and the CBCL subscale Somatic Complaints score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that underdiagnosis of ADHD in childhood may cause the emergence of greater internalization problems in adolescence.
authors.affiliation: Psychiatry Department, Ankara University Faculty of Medicine, Turkey. oncu@medicine.ankara.edu.tr
authors.forename: Bedriye
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Oncü
authors.forename: Ozgür
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Oner
authors.forename: Pinar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Oner
authors.forename: Neşe
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Erol
authors.forename: Ayla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aysev
authors.forename: Saynur
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Canat
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005178:Faculty; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015588:Observer Variation; D010290:Parents; D013001:Somatoform Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology