title: [Cyclosporine 2% eye drops preparation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cyclosporine administration is very effective in the case of immunological diseases of the cornea, conjunctive or uvea. Moreover, it is widely used in the case of high-risk rejection corneal transplantation. We present a preparation of cyclosporine 2% eye drops.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cyclosporine 2% eye drops are prepared following a particular formulation including one part commercially available cyclosporine oral solution (Sandimmun) diluted in four parts of sterile castor oil. Manufacturing procedures maintain the sterile state of the preparation with a laminar airflow hood placed in a particulate controlled room, with pharmacists, technicians and clerical personnel wearing sterile clothes. Physical and chemical monitoring during and after manufacture for each batch guarantees the process and minimizes the risk of batch rejection. Chemical analysis of cyclosporine is conducted using a validated stability-indicating high-performance liquid chromatographic assay (reverse-phase). Blood dosages taken after the first administration at the 24th hour (after administration of the 6th drop) check for systemic integration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cyclosporine 2% eye drops are fairly stable: 12 months after manufacturing, concentrations result in levels not statistically different from concentrations measured the day of preparation. After a daily regimen of six drops in the eye, cyclosporine 2% eye drops have a very low systemic bioavailability, because the blood concentrations only reach the detection limit of the fluorescence polarization immunoassay used for cyclosporine drug monitoring. This explains the absence of systemic toxicity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cyclosporine 2% eye drops can be available in the hospital pharmacy. The eye drops are stable at room temperature and can be delivered up to 12 months after manufacture. No local adverse effects have been noted, probably in relation with the very low concentration of ethanol in the ocular preparation.
authors.affiliation: Service de Pharmacie, Pharmacologie et Toxicologie, Hôtel-Dieu, Paris. francois.chast@htd.ap-hop-paris.fr
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chast
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lemare
authors.forename: J-M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Legeais
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Batista
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bardin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Renard
mesh_terms: D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000138:chemical synthesis*
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D016572:Cyclosporine