title: Impact of HAART-related side effects on unsafe sexual behaviours in HIV-infected injecting drug users: 7-year follow up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the impact of non-lipodystrophy HAART-related side effects on unprotected sexual behaviours among HIV-infected drug users. DESIGNAND PARTICIPANTS: HAART-treated patients who reported having occasional partners during the follow-up period after HAART initiation were selected among patients of the MANIF 2000 cohort of HIV-infected drug users.
  
  
  METHODS
  Visits where patients reported unsafe sexual behaviours with occasional partners were compared to visits where they reported safe sexual behaviours using a logistic model based on Generalized Estimating Equations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One-hundred and ninety-two HAART-treated patients reported occasional sexual partners at least once during follow-up, accounting for a total of 464 visits. Among these 192 patients, 134 (70%) declared at least once unsafe sexual behaviours with occasional partners. During follow-up, three or more HAART-related side effects were reported in 273 of the 464 visits. When comparing visits where patients reported unsafe sexual behaviours with occasional partners (n = 249) with those where they reported safe sexual behaviours (n = 215), experiencing three or more HAART-related side effects was significantly associated with unsafe sex after adjustment for cofactors such as injecting drug status, reporting more than two sexual partners and having sex more than once a week.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Perceived side effects play a role in determining unsafe sexual behaviours. HIV prevention interventions must consider the negative impact of HAART-related side effects on sexual risk-taking behaviours. Drug maintenance programs contribute to sexual risk reduction among drug injecting patients.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U379/ORS PACA, Marseilles, France.
authors.forename: Emmanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: Anne-Déborah
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Bouhnik
authors.forename: Maria Patrizia
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Carrieri
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rey
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dujardin
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Granier
authors.forename: Jean Gabriel
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Fuzibet
authors.forename: Yolande
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Obadia
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Moatti
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Spire
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D012309:Risk-Taking; D021841:Safe Sex; D012747:Sexual Partners; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents