title: Safety evaluation of a triterpenoid-rich extract from bamboo shavings.
abstract: Triterpenoids, which may have significant application to the development of natural medicines and functional foods as biological active components, are widely distributed throughout the plant kingdom. This paper evaluated the safety of a triterpenoid-rich extract of bamboo shavings (EBS) systematically. (i) Acute toxicity test: The oral maximum tolerated dose of EBS was more than 10 g/kg body weight both in rats and in mice, due to the absence of toxicity according to the criteria of acute toxic classifications. (ii) Mutagenicity test: It had no mutagenicity judged by negative experimental results of Ames test, mouse bone marrow cell micronucleus test and mouse sperm abnormality test. (iii) 30 days feeding study: No abnormal symptoms and clinical signs or deaths had been found in rats in each group during the test. No significant difference had been found in body weight, food consumption and food availability of rats in each test group (P>0.05). In addition, no significant differences were found in each hematology value, clinical chemistry value and organ/body weight ratio, either (P>0.05). No abnormality of any organ was found during histopathological examination. It can be concluded that the extract of bamboo shavings is of low toxicity and support the use of EBS for various foods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Biosystems Engineering and Food Science, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310029, Zhejiang Province, PR China.
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiaoqin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yiping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Jianyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002070:Butadienes / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D045782:Hemiterpenes / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D008452:Maximum Allowable Concentration; D051379:Mice; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D019055:No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010420:Pentanes / Q000633:toxicity*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000633:toxicity*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D031787:Sasa / Q000737:chemistry*; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects; D023382:Toxicity Tests, Acute; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D002070:Butadienes; D045782:Hemiterpenes; D010420:Pentanes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014315:Triterpenes; C005059:isoprene