title: [Effects of gender-related weight reduction on the physical condition of male and female college judoists].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In order to study the gender-related effects of weight reduction on the physical condition of male and female college judoists during weight reduction periods, we examined changes in anthropometric, nutritional intake and biochemical parameters in 43 male and female college judoists 20 days (pre-weight reduction) before and one day (post-weight reduction) before the game.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were divided into two groups. Thirty subjects (22 males, 8 females) who required weight reduction were defined as the weight reduction (WR) group, and the remaining 13 subjects (5 males, 8 females) were defined as the non-reduction (non-WR) group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In both WR groups, anthropometric parameters and nutritional intake significantly decreased after weight reduction compared to the pre-values. The change ratios of nutritional intake during the weight reduction period in the female WR group were higher than those in the male WR group. Serum lipids and electrolytes significantly decreased after the weight reduction compared to the pre-values in both WR groups. In the female WR group, Cr and UA significantly increased after the weight reduction compared to the pre-values. Although it was not significant, Ht increased after the weight reduction compared to the pre-values only in the female WR group. TP, Cr, UA, BUN, CK, LDH and IgA significantly increased after the weight reduction compared to the pre-values in the weight reduction compared to the pre-values in the male WR group. In contrast, in both non-WR groups, these parameters did not change significantly during the research period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that nutritional exhaustion and dehydration may be the major effects brought about by energy and fluid restriction in female college judoists during a weight reduction period. On the other hand, in male college judoists undergoing weight reduction, the data suggest that muscle damage and myogenic protein catabolism may be caused chiefly by exercise. These differences may be due to the difference in the method of weight reduction for the different genders, namely, mainly exercise in males and mainly energy and fluid restriction in females.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, Hirosaki-city, Aomori, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Umeda
authors.forename: Shigeyuki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakaji
authors.forename: Yousuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanabe
authors.forename: Arata
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mochida
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katagiri
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugawara
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D001823:Body Composition; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016139:Martial Arts; D009752:Nutritional Status; D012737:Sex Factors; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000502:physiology*