title: Cellular characteristics of primary and immortal canine embryonic fibroblast cells.
abstract: Using normal canine embryonic fibroblasts (CaEF) that were shown to be senescent at passages 7th-9th, we established two spontaneously immortalized CaEF cell lines (designated CGFR-Ca-1 and -2) from normal senescent CaEF cells, and an immortal CaEF cell line by exogenous introduction of a catalytic telomerase subunit (designated CGFR-Ca-3). Immortal CGFR- Ca-1, -2 and -3 cell lines grew faster than primary CaEF counterpart in the presence of either 0.1% or 10% FBS. Cell cycle analysis demonstrated that all three immortal CaEF cell lines contained a significantly high proportion of S-phase cells compared to primary CaEF cells. CGFR-Ca-1 and -3 cell lines showed a loss of p53 mRNA and protein expression leading to inactivation of p53 regulatory function, while the CGFR-Ca-2 cell line was found to have the inactive mutant p53. Unlike the CGFR-Ca-3 cell line that down-regulated p16INK4a mRNA due to its promoter methylation but had an intact p16INK4a regulatory function, CGFR-Ca-1 and -2 cell lines expressed p16INK4a mRNA but had a functionally inactive p16INK4a regulatory pathway as judged by the lack of obvious differences in cell growth and phenotype when reconstituted with wild-type p16INK4a. All CGFR-Ca-1, -2 and -3 cell lines were shown to be untransformed but immortal as determined by anchorage-dependent assay, while these cell lines were fully transformed when overexpressed oncogenic H-rasG12V. Taken together, similar to the nature of murine embryo fibroblasts, the present study suggests that normal primary CaEF cells have relatively short in vitro lifespans and should be spontaneously immortalized at high frequency.
authors.affiliation: The Laboratory of Cell Growth and Function Regulation, Korea University, Seoul, Korea. bioseung@korea.ac.kr
authors.forename: Seungkwon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Jai-Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Tae-Kyung
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sung-Chan
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jai-Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Du-Hak
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Sungwook
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.forename: Ki-Chang
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Yun-Jaie
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hyunggee
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020134:Catalytic Domain / Q000235:genetics; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D016922:Cellular Senescence / Q000235:genetics; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000235:genetics; D004285:Dogs; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000166:cytology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D019098:Telomerase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D019098:Telomerase; D018631:ras Proteins