title: Long term results of excision of small renal cancer surrounded by a minimal layer of grossly normal parenchyma: review of 94 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess safety and effectiveness of excision of small renal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the records of 94 patients, who underwent, from 1992 to 2001, excision of renal tumor leaving around it a thin layer of grossly normal parenchyma and adjacent perinephric fat. This technique has been called enucleoresection, as it is not a simple enucleation but neither a conventional partial nephrectomy. Patients were followed up mean routine blood examination, ultrasound and computed tomography scan every 6 months for 2 years and annually thereafter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median age was 63 years (35-76). Median tumour size was 2.1cm (1.1-4.5). Clamping of renal pedicle was performed in 54 cases. Major complications included 4 cases of haemorrhage; only 1 patient required surgical exploration. Pathological stage was pT1a in 87, pT1b in 4 and pT3a in 3 patients. Surgical margins were always negative. Median follow-up was 59 months (range 10-128). Eight patients died without evidence of tumour recurrence. One pT3a patient developed distant metastases and died 2 years after surgery. Five years survival rate was 95.7% (90/94 patients), cancer specific survival rate 98.9% (93/94) and disease free survival rate 98.9% (93/94).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Enucleoresection of small renal tumors surrounded by a minimal layer of grossly normal renal parenchyma reproduces the results of partial and radical nephrectomy with minimal morbidity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Urology Unit, National Institute for Cancer Research, Genoa, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Puppo
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Introini
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Calvi
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naselli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors