title: Ethnicity, social deprivation and psychological distress in adolescents: school-based epidemiological study in east London.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In adults the prevalence of psychological distress varies in different ethnic groups, and this has been explained by differences in socio-economic status. Is this also the case in adolescents?
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether ethnic differences in prevalence of psychological distress in adolescents are associated with social deprivation.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional questionnaire survey was used to assess 2790 male and female pupils, aged 11-14 years, from a representative sample of 28 east London secondary schools.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rates of psychological distress were similar to rates in UK national samples in boys and girls. Bangladeshi pupils, although highly socially disadvantaged, had a lower risk of psychological distress (OR=0.63, 95% CI 0.4-0.9). Non-UK White girls had higher rates of depressive symptoms (OR=1.54, 95% CI1.1-2.2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High rates of depressive symptoms in non-UK White girls may be related to recent migration. Low rates of psychological distress in Bangladeshi pupils in this sample relative to White pupils, despite socio-economic disadvantage, could be associated with cultural protective factors that require further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Barts and The London, Queen Mary's School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, Medical Sciences Building, Mile End Road, London E1 4NS, UK. s.a.stansfeld@qmul.ac.uk
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Stansfeld
authors.forename: Mary M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Haines
authors.forename: Jenny A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Head
authors.forename: Kamaldeep
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bhui
authors.forename: Russell
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Viner
authors.forename: Stephanie J C
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Sheila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hillier
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Klineberg
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Booy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001459:Bangladesh / Q000208:ethnology; D044383:Black People; D002648:Child; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003469:Culture; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008131:London / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011610:Psychosocial Deprivation; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D044465:White People