title: Fractures of the radial head and neck treated with radial head excision.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The reported long-term outcomes of the treatment of radial head and neck fractures with excision of the radial head have been mixed. The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the long-term outcomes of primary or delayed radial head excision for the treatment of these fractures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-one individuals (mean age, forty-four years) with thirty-nine Mason type-II, ten Mason type-III, and twelve Mason type-IV fractures were evaluated subjectively, objectively, and radiographically at a mean of eighteen years (range, eleven to thirty-three years) after treatment. Forty-three fractures were treated with primary radial head excision, and the remaining eighteen were treated with delayed radial head excision at a median of five months (range, one to 238 months) after the injury.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the time of follow-up, twenty-eight individuals had no symptoms, twenty-seven had occasional elbow pain, and six had daily pain. Four individuals with daily pain had had a Mason type-IV fracture. The range of motion of the formerly injured upper extremities was slightly less than that of the uninjured upper extremities in terms of flexion (139 degrees +/- 11 degrees compared with 142 degrees +/- 8 degrees ), extension (-7 degrees +/- 12 degrees compared with -1 degrees +/- 6 degrees ), and supination (77 degrees +/- 20 degrees compared with 85 degrees +/- 10 degrees ) (all p < 0.01). A higher percentage of formerly injured elbows than uninjured elbows had cysts, sclerosis, and osteophytes (73% compared with 7%; p < 0.001), but none had a reduced joint space. No differences were found between the outcomes for individuals treated with a primary radial head excision and those for individuals treated with a delayed excision.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Following a displaced radial head or neck fracture, excision of the radial head often leads to a good or fair result. We found no differences in outcome between primary and delayed radial head excisions following a Mason type-II, III, or IV fracture. The outcomes are associated with the type of fracture, with Mason type-IV fractures having the worst results, rather than with the timing of the radial head excision (primary or delayed).
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Malmö University Hospital, SE-205 02 Malmo, Sweden. par.herbertsson@skane.se
authors.forename: Pär
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Herbertsson
authors.forename: Per Olof
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Josefsson
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hasserius
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Besjakov
authors.forename: Fredrik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nyqvist
authors.forename: Magnus K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Karlsson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000379:methods; D011885:Radius Fractures / Q000145:classification / Q000601:surgery*; D013997:Time Factors