Cloning of hOST-PTP: the only example of a protein-tyrosine-phosphatase the function of which has been lost between rodent and human.
Protein-tyrosine-phosphatases (PTP-ases), in concert with protein tyrosine kinases, control various biological activities such as cell growth and differentiation. In rodents, around 40 PTP-ases have been described. Functional orthologue for each of these PTP-ases have been identified in human, except for OST-PTP. OST-PTP is a transmembrane PTP-ase with a restricted tissue distribution. In silico analysis on public sequence databases reveals a human OST-PTP gene orthologue that encompasses 21 kb on chromosome 1q32.1. Using RT-PCR we isolated a 4 kb hOST-PTP transcript. hOST-PTP cDNA sequence exhibits numerous disablements indicating that it does not code for a PTP-ase but is rather a pseudogene with unique features. Indeed, (i) it has no "functional" parent in the human genome, (ii) it has retained an "intron-exon" structure, and (iii) it is transcribed in a regulated manner. Interestingly, we found two ESTs, from domesticated pig and from cow that exhibit ORF that would predict a functional OST-PTP orthologue in Artiodactyls. Taken together, these results indicate that OST-PTP is the only PTP-ase the function of which has been lost during the evolution process between rodents and human.
Cousin
W
W
Institute of Signaling Developmental Biology and Cancer-UMR 6543 CNRS, Faculté des Sciences, 06108 Nice Cedex 2, France.
Courseaux
A
A
Ladoux
A
A
Dani
C
C
Peraldi
P
P
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054631:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 3; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013045:Species Specificity
D017931:DNA Primers; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; C474713:Ptprv protein, mouse; D054631:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 3