title: Identifying parents in pharmacy data: a tool for the continuous monitoring of drug exposure to unborn children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to develop and validate a method for retrospectively identifying parents in pharmacy data during pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The principle of the method was to select all children 0-2 years in pharmacy records, and to consider men/women 15-50 years older with the same address as fathers/mothers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Applying this method to the records of all 4 pharmacies in 1 town (33,000 inhabitants) resulted in identification of 807 fathers and 765 mothers, corresponding with 68.5% of all fathers, and 64.9% of all mothers from the town. Additionally, the method was applied to one selected pharmacy, resulting in 151 fathers and 170 mothers. Validation criterions, evaluated by pharmacy employees and GPs, disproved one of these fathers (0.7% of all identified fathers) and one mother (0.6%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that automatic retrospective identification of parents in pharmacy data is feasible in a valid way. The main limitation is that not all parents were found, possibly resulting in selection bias.
authors.affiliation: Groningen University Institute for Drug Exploration, University of Groningen, Department of Social Pharmacy, Pharmacoepidemiology and Pharmacotherapy, Antonius Deusinglaan 1, 9713 AV Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schirm
authors.forename: Hilde
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tobi
authors.forename: Lolkje T W
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: de Jong-van den Berg
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D011307:Drug Prescriptions / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005194:Family Practice; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D010290:Parents; D018812:Paternal Exposure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010594:Pharmacies / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D012189:Retrospective Studies