title: Apomorphine prevents myocardial ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress in the rat heart.
abstract: This study examined the hypothesis that low-concentration apomorphine improves postischemic hemodynamic and mitochondrial function in the isolated rat heart model by attenuating oxidation of myocardial proteins. Control and apomorphine-treated hearts were subjected to 35 min of perfusion, 25 min of normothermic global ischemia, and 60 min of reperfusion. Apomorphine (2 microM) was introduced into the perfusate for 20 min starting from the onset of reperfusion. Apomorphine significantly (p <.05) improved postischemic hemodynamic function: work index of the heart (product of LVDP and heart rate) was twice as high in apomorphine-treated hearts compared to controls at the end of reperfusion (p <.01). After isolation of cardiac mitochondria, the respiratory control ratio (RCR) was calculated from the oxygen consumption rate of State 3 and State 4 respiration. Apomorphine significantly improved postischemic RCR (87% of preischemic value vs. 39% in control, p <.05). Using an immunoblot technique, carbonyl content of multiple unidentified myocardial proteins (mitochondrial and nonmitochondrial) was observed to be elevated after global ischemia and reperfusion. Apomorphine significantly attenuated the increased protein oxidation at the end of reperfusion. These results support the conclusion that apomorphine is capable of preventing ischemia/reperfusion-induced oxidative stress and thereby attenuating myocardial protein oxidation and preserving mitochondrial respiration function.
authors.affiliation: The Joseph Lunenfeld Cardiac Surgery Research Center, Hadassah--Hebrew University Medical Center, P.O. Box 12000, Jerusalem 91120, Israel.
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Khaliulin
authors.forename: Aviva
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Houminer
authors.forename: Joseph Bernard
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Borman
authors.forename: Herzl
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schwalb
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001058:Apomorphine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019069:Cell Respiration / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015425:Myocardial Reperfusion; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction / Q000187:drug effects; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D001058:Apomorphine; D010100:Oxygen