title: Comparison of the wet and dry fatigue properties of all ceramic crowns.
abstract: The purpose of this paper was to investigate the influence of fatigue on the fracture strength of In ceram, optimal pressable ceramic (OPCTM) and IPS Empress in both wet and dry environments. Twenty-six crown shapes 8 mm in diameter and 8.5 mm in height were fabricated for each ceramic system. For each ceramic system, ten specimens were tested for fracture strength without fatiguing. The second group was submitted to a fatigue and fracture test in a dry (eight specimens) and a third group in a wet (eight specimens) environment using an Instron testing machine. The results were statistically analysed using a Mann-Whitney test. The results indicated that: (i) the fracture strength for In ceram was significantly stronger than OPCTM and IPS Empress (p<0.05) - no difference was found between OPCTM and IPS Empress; (ii) fatiguing and fracture testing showed a significant decrease in the fracture strength for In ceram and IPS Empress in the wet environment and no difference was found in the dry environment - no difference was found for OPCTM; and (iii) when fatigued in a dry environment, In ceram crown shapes were significantly stronger than OPCTM and IPS Empress (p<0.05) - the same statistical differences were found when fatigued in a wet environment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials, Eastman Dental Institute, 256 Gray's Inn Road, London, WC1 8LD, UK.
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Sobrinho
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Glover
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Knowles
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Cattell