Outcome in elderly patients undergoing primary coronary intervention for acute myocardial infarction: results from the Controlled Abciximab and Device Investigation to Lower Late Angioplasty Complications (CADILLAC) trial.
BACKGROUND
Biological age is a strong determinant of prognosis in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI). We sought to examine the impact of age after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in AMI and to determine whether routine coronary stent implantation and/or platelet glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors improve clinical outcomes in elderly patients after primary angioplasty.


RESULTS
In the CADILLAC trial, 2082 patients with AMI were randomized to balloon angioplasty, angioplasty plus abciximab, stenting alone, or stenting plus abciximab. No patient was excluded on the basis of advanced age; patients ranging from 21 to 95 years of age were enrolled. One-year mortality increased for each decile of age, exponentially after 65 years of age (1.6% for patients <55 years, 2.1% for 55 to 65 years, 7.1% for 65 to 75 years, 11.1% for patients >75 years; P<0.0001). Elderly patients also had increased rates of stroke and major bleeding compared with their younger counterparts. Among elderly patients (> or =65 years), 1-year rates of ischemic target revascularization (7.0% versus 17.6%; P<0.0001) and subacute or late thrombosis (0% versus 2.2%; P=0.005) were reduced with stenting compared with balloon angioplasty. Routine abciximab administration, although safe, was not of definite benefit in elderly patients. Rates of mortality, reinfarction, disabling stroke, and major bleeding in the elderly were independent of reperfusion modality.


CONCLUSIONS
Despite contemporary mechanical reperfusion strategies, mortality, major bleeding, and stroke rates remain high in elderly patients undergoing primary percutaneous coronary intervention, outcomes that are not affected by stents or glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibitors. By reducing restenosis, however, stent implantation improves clinical outcomes in elderly patients with AMI.
Guagliumi
Giulio
G
Ospedali Riuniti di Bergamo, Bergamo, Italy.
Stone
Gregg W
GW
Cox
David A
DA
Stuckey
Thomas
T
Tcheng
James E
JE
Turco
Mark
M
Musumeci
Giuseppe
G
Griffin
John J
JJ
Lansky
Alexandra J
AJ
Mehran
Roxana
R
Grines
Cindy L
CL
Garcia
Eulogio
E
D000077284:Abciximab; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001241:Aspirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015993:Life Tables; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011725:Pyridines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015607:Stents; D020521:Stroke / Q000453:epidemiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D011725:Pyridines; C446540:thienopyridine; D001241:Aspirin; D000077284:Abciximab