Myocardial salvage after reduced-dose thrombolysis combined with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa blockade versus thrombolysis alone in patients with acute myocardial infarction.
BACKGROUND
The aim of study was to examine the efficacy of reduced-dose alteplase plus abciximab versus alteplase alone by quantifying the amount of myocardium salvaged using myocardial scintigraphy.


METHODS
This study analyzed 150 patients with acute myocardial infarction who received alteplase (69 patients) or reduced-dose alteplase plus abciximab (81 patients) in the setting of the Stent versus Thrombolysis for Occluded Coronary Arteries in Patients with Acute Myocardial Infarction (STOPAMI) 1 and 2 trials. Salvage index (proportion of initial perfusion defect salvaged by reperfusion therapy), which was obtained by paired scintigraphic studies performed 7-14 days apart, was the primary endpoint of the study. One-year clinical follow-up was also done.


RESULTS
Salvage index did not differ significantly among patients treated with reduced-dose alteplase plus abciximab (median, 0.41 [25th; 75th percentiles: 0.13; 0.58]) compared to patients who received alteplase (0.26 [0.09; 0.61], p = 0.30). Final infarct size was 16.0% [4.0; 31.0] of the left ventricle in the group with reduced-dose alteplase plus abciximab and 19.4% [7.9; 34.2] of left ventricle in the group with alteplase (p = 0.44). Within a time-to-admission interval of <2 hours, there was a trend for higher values of salvage index in patients who received reduced-dose alteplase plus abciximab compared with patients who received alteplase (0.55 [0.35; 0.73] versus 0.29 [0.11; 0.69], p = 0.15). For time-to-admission intervals > or = 2 hours, no such trend was observed between those who received reduced-dose alteplase plus abciximab or alteplase (0.25 [0.08; 0.48] versus 0.22 [0.08; 0.46], p = 0.79). Major bleeding occurred in 4 patients (5.0%) in the group with reduced-dose alteplase plus abciximab versus 2 patients (3.0%) in the group with alteplase alone (p = 0.58).


CONCLUSIONS
When used as a general strategy in patients with acute myocardial infarction, adding abciximab to alteplase does not increase significantly the amount of salvaged myocardium as compared with alteplase alone. Combination therapy may offer advantages over thrombolytic agents alone if such therapy is applied within 2 hours from symptom onset; however these data need to be proven by studies of adequate power.
Ndrepepa
Gjin
G
The Deutsches Herzzentrum, 80636 Munich, Germany. ndrepepa@dhm.mhn.de
Mehilli
Julinda
J
Schwaiger
Markus
M
Nekolla
Stephan
S
Schmitt
Claus
C
Dirschinger
Josef
J
Schömig
Albert
A
Kastrati
Adnan
A
D000077284:Abciximab; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D015425:Myocardial Reperfusion / Q000379:methods*; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator; D000077284:Abciximab