title: Is TAP2*0102 allele involved in insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (type 1) protection?
abstract: In this study, we have investigated the frequencies of TAP1 and TAP2 alleles in a group of 226 persons, living in La Reunion Island, consisting of 70 patients with insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) and most of their first degree relatives (i.e., 156 parents and full sibling subjects) and previously HLA DQB1, DQA1, and DRB1 genotyped. The population of this island is constituted by a particular structure of highly crossbreeding people. Interestingly, the new TAP2*0104 allele, previously discovered by our team in Reunion Island, was found to be increased in the IDDM population and the calculated HRR was relatively high (HRR = 3.3). This result seems to be due to a positive linkage disequilibrium between TAP2*0104 allele and the highly diabetogenous DQB1* 0201-DQA1* 0501-DRB1 0301 haplotype (HRR = 9), which suggests that TAP2*0104 cannot be considered as an additional predispositional factor, but more as a genetic susceptibility marker of IDDM. In addition, we show that minor alleles (TAP2D, *0102, *0103, *0104) are associated with a restricted number of HLA DQ-DR haplotypes and each of them exhibits a preferential linkage with one particular haplotype. In contrast with other alleles, and despite a HRR value close to 1, we show that TAP2*0102 allele contributes significantly to a drastic reduction of the diabetogenic effect of DQB1*0201-DQA1*0301.1-DRB*0701 haplotype. Indeed, this haplotype, which is usually preferentially transmitted to affected children, is dominantly transmitted to healthy children when it is associated with TAP2*0102. Therefore, this allele seems to contribute to genetic protection to IDDM.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biochimie et Génétique Moléculaire EA2526, Faculté des Sciences et Technologies, Université de la Réunion, La Réunion, France-DOM.
authors.forename: Maya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cesari
authors.forename: Jean-Jacques
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Hoarau
authors.forename: Henri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Caillens
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Robert
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rouch
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cadet
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pabion
mesh_terms: D000071181:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 2; D000071450:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 3; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics*; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005192:Family Health; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005802:Genes, MHC Class II; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D059848:HLA-DQ alpha-Chains; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D016615:Telomere / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000071181:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 2; D000071450:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 3; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D006680:HLA Antigens; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; D059848:HLA-DQ alpha-Chains; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; C069050:HLA-DQA1 antigen; C069051:HLA-DQB1 antigen; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; C553502:HLA-DRB1*03:01 antigen; C073119:TAP1 protein, human; C071692:TAP2 protein, human