title: [Development of a subtype screening assay for human immunodeficiency virus type 1 by nested multiplex PCR].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The current available assays for HIV subtyping, such as sequence-based phylogenetic analysis or heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA), are labor-intensive and time-consuming. The authors have just developed a simple and rapid subtype-screening assay for subtypes B, C, and CRF01-AE using a single nested multiplex PCR.
  
  
  METHODS
  Proviral DNA from HIV-positive samples was extracted and subjected to first round PCR with universal primers for gag region that can detect HIV-1 M group isolates. In the second round PCR, three pairs of subtype-specific primers, respectively detecting subtype B, C and CRF01-AE, were added into one tube. The PCR products of different subtypes could be distinguished in agarose-gel electrophoresis. Another pair of primers exclusively detecting the prevalent recombinant B/C strains CRF07-BC and CRF08-BC were designed and used. Additionally, all of these samples were sequenced and analyzed phylogenetically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Phylogenetic analysis showed that out of 119 samples, there were 43 subtype B samples (Euro-American B 11, Thailand B 32), 54 subtype C, 17 CRF01-AE, 3 subtype A and 2 subtype D samples. The subtype B, C, and CRF01-AE specific primer sets detected 35 (81.4%), 46 (85.2%), and 13(76.5%) samples with accuracy and specificity. Non-specific bands occasionally appeared but did not interfere with interpretation of the results. The primer pairs for CRF07-BC and CRF08-BC amplified target sequences were confirmed by sequencing and phylogenetic analysis. The specificity of all these subtype-specific primers was found to be 100%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A simple and rapid assay was developed for screening subtypes B, C, CRF01-AE, CRF07-BC and CRF08-BC in China. This assay may have potential application in HIV laboratories in China and worldwide.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Viral Immunology, Center for STDs and AIDS Control and Prevention, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, 100050, China.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Jian-ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Kun-xue
authors.initials: KX
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Yi-ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Shao
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000821:virology; D001483:Base Sequence; D002681:China; D017931:DNA Primers; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers