title: Chronic arthritis in children and adolescents in two Indian health service user populations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High prevalence rates for rheumatoid arthritis, spondyloarthopathies, and systemic lupus erythematosus have been described in American Indian and Alaskan Native adults. The impact of these diseases on American Indian children has not been investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used International Classification of Diseases-9 (ICD-9) codes to search two Indian Health Service (IHS) patient registration databases over the years 1998-2000, searching for individuals 19 years of age or younger with specific ICD-9-specified diagnoses. Crude estimates for disease prevalence were made based on the number of individuals identified with these diagnoses within the database.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) / juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) was the most frequent diagnosis given. The prevalence rate for JRA in the Oklahoma City Area was estimated as 53 per 100,000 individuals at risk, while in the Billings Area, the estimated prevalence was nearly twice that, at 115 per 100,000. These rates are considerably higher than those reported in the most recent European studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic arthritis in childhood represents an important, though unrecognized, chronic health challenge within the American Indian population living in the United States.
authors.affiliation: Dept, of Pediatrics, University of Oklahoma College of Medicine, BSEB #235A, Oklahoma City, OK, 73104 USA. jmauldin@ihs.gov
authors.forename: Joyce
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mauldin
authors.forename: H Dan
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jeanotte
authors.forename: Glenn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Solomon
authors.forename: James N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Jarvis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001171:Arthritis, Juvenile / Q000208:ethnology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American; D008297:Male; D016347:Medical Records Systems, Computerized; D009009:Montana / Q000453:epidemiology; D009825:Oklahoma / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D025242:Spondylarthropathies / Q000208:ethnology; D014481:United States; D016549:United States Indian Health Service; D014959:Wyoming / Q000453:epidemiology