title: Role of beta1- and beta2-adrenoceptor polymorphisms in heart failure: a case-control study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We hypothesised that the polymorphisms of the genes encoding for beta1- and the beta2-adrenoceptors may have a role in the pathogenesis of heart failure (HF). We therefore compared the polymorphisms of the beta1-adrenoceptor gene (Arg389Gly), the beta2-adrenoceptor gene (Arg16Gly, Gln27Glu) and their combinations in patients with HF and normal subjects living in the same area.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 256 cases with HF (left ventricular ejection fraction < or = 40%) and 230 normal subjects were enrolled. The beta1- and beta2-adrenoceptor gene polymorphisms were assessed by PCR, followed by restriction enzyme digestion. No differences were observed in the distribution of any of the three genotypes studied in patients with HF and normal subjects. An analysis of the genotype combinations showed a non-significant increase in the risk of HF associated with the Arg389Gly16Gln27 (odds ratio = 1.4; 95%CI 0.5-3.6) and Arg389Gly16 Glu27 (odds ratio = 1.2; 95%CI, 0.5-2.8) homozygous allele combinations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  None of the three most common polymorphisms of beta-adrenoreceptors are associated with an increased risk of HF.
authors.affiliation: Cattedra di Igiene, Università di Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Loredana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Covolo
authors.forename: Umberto
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Gelatti
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Metra
authors.forename: Savina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nodari
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piccichè
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pezzali
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zani
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alberti
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Donato
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nardi
authors.forename: Livio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dei Cas
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000235:genetics*; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2