title: Three-dimensional structures of enzymes useful for beta-lactam antibiotic production.
abstract: Significant advances have been made in the structure-based engineering of enzymes useful for beta-lactam antibiotic production. Structure-based engineering of penicillin G acylase and cephalosporin acylase has resulted in improved enzymes for use in enzymatic production processes. The structures of many other enzymes that could be used in the production of beta-lactam antibiotics, such as enzymes from the beta-lactam biosynthetic pathway and beta-lactam antibiotic-converting enzymes, have been determined. The interest in these structures suggests that the future may see an even more extensive use of rationally engineered biocatalysts in antibiotic production than today.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biophysical Chemistry, University of Groningen, Nijenborgh 4, 9747 AG Groningen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Thomas R M
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Barends
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Bauke W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Dijkstra
mesh_terms: D000581:Amidohydrolases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D001665:Binding Sites; D002384:Catalysis; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D003198:Computer Simulation; D015195:Drug Design; D008958:Models, Molecular; D010406:Penicillins / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D011485:Protein Binding; D011487:Protein Conformation; D015202:Protein Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D047090:beta-Lactams / Q000138:chemical synthesis*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D010406:Penicillins; D047090:beta-Lactams; D000581:Amidohydrolases