title: Susceptibility to localized corrosion of stainless steel and NiTi endodontic instruments in irrigating solutions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the pitting and crevice corrosion characteristics of stainless steel (SS) and NiTi endodontic files in R-EDTA and NaOCl irrigating solutions.
  
  
  METHODS
  The corrosion behaviour of two H-files produced from different SS alloys (Mani, AISI 303 SS, Dentsply Maillefer, AISI 304 SS) and one file produced from NiTi alloy (Maillefer) was determined in R-EDTA and NaOCl irrigating solutions by the cyclic potentiodynamic polarization method. The cutting flutes of 12 files of each material were embedded in an epoxy resin, polished, exposed to the irrigating solutions and used as an electrode. An Ag/AgCl electrode was used as a reference, a platinum plate was used as a counter electrode and polarization curves were obtained for all files in R-EDTA and NaOCl irrigating solutions in 37 degrees C with a potential scan rate of 5 mV min(-1). Corrosion potential (Ecorr), Corrosion current density (Icorr) and Pitting potential (Epit) were calculated from each curve. The results were statistically analysed with two-way anova and Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) multiple comparison test with materials and irrigating solutions serving as discriminating variables (a = 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cyclic polarization curves presented negative hysteresis implying that pitting or crevice corrosion are not likely to occur for all the materials examined in both irrigating solutions. In NaOCl all materials showed significantly higher Ecorr (P = 0.011) as well as lower Icorr compared with R-EDTA reagent. Moreover, all materials demonstrated equal Epit in NaOCl, which was to be found significantly lower (P = 0.009) than the value of Epit in R-EDTA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  None of the tested materials is susceptible to pitting or crevice corrosion in R-EDTA and NaOCl solutions and from this standpoint are appropriate for the production of endodontic files.
authors.affiliation: School of Mining and Metallurgical Engineering, National Technical University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Darabara
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bourithis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zinelis
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Papadimitriou
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003343:Corrosion; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D003762:Dental Instruments; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D004563:Electrochemistry; D008422:Materials Testing; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000737:chemistry*; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000737:chemistry; D013193:Stainless Steel / Q000737:chemistry; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003722:Dental Alloys; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; C040654:titanium nickelide; D013193:Stainless Steel; D009532:Nickel; D004492:Edetic Acid; D014025:Titanium; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite