Control of gene expression by fatty acids.
The last decade provided evidence that major (glucose, fatty acids, amino acids) or minor (iron, vitamin, etc.) dietary constituents regulated gene expression in an hormonal-independent manner. This review focuses on molecular mechanisms by which fatty acids control the expression genes encoding regulatory protein involved in their own metabolism. Nonesterified fatty acids or their CoA derivatives seem to be the main signals involved in the transcriptional effect of long-chain fatty acids. The effects of fatty acids are mediated either directly owing to their specific binding to various nuclear receptors (PPAR, LXR, HNF-4alpha) leading to changes in the trans-activating activity of these transcription factors, or indirectly as the result of changes in the abundance of regulatory transcription factors (SREBP-1c, ChREBP, etc.). The relative contribution of each transcription factor in fatty acid-induced positive or negative gene expression is discussed.
Pégorier
Jean-Paul
JP
Département d'Endocrinologie, Institut Cochin, INSERM U567, CNRS UMR8104, IFR Alfred JOST, Faculté de Médecine Cochin-Port-Royal, 24 rue du Faubourg Saint Jacques, 75014 Paris, France. pegorier@cochin.inserm.fr
Le May
Cédric
C
Girard
Jean
J
D000818:Animals; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D051557:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4; D006801:Humans; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000502:physiology; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000502:physiology; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology
D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005227:Fatty Acids; C496592:HNF4A protein, human; D051557:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 4; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; C497387:SREBF1 protein, human; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D014157:Transcription Factors