title: [Induction of bone tissue on different matrices: an in vitro and a in vivo pilot study in the SCID mouse].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Three resorbable biomaterials were evaluated regarding proliferation and osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow stromal cells (BMSC) in vitro. In a second step, the new biomaterial, calcium-deficient hydroxyapatite (CDHA), was tested in a pilot in vivo study by subcutaneous implantation in the severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mouse.
  
  
  METHODS
  CDHA, beta-tricalcium phosphate (beta-TCP), and demineralized bone matrix (DBM) were seeded with human BMSC and cultured in osteogenic supplements for 3 weeks. In the pilot in vivo study, CDHA was seeded with BMSC and kept in osteogenic media for 2 weeks (group A) before subcutaneous implantation in 8 SCID mice for 3 and 8 weeks. In addition, CDHA seeded with BMSC without prior osteogenic induction (group B) and empty ceramics were implanted in each mouse.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total protein content and the values for specific alkaline phosphatase (ALP) increased significantly in vitro on all matrices, but no significant difference between the groups was noted. In the pilot in vivo study all ceramics were well penetrated by cells. After 8 weeks 2 of 4 samples in group B and 1 of 4 samples in group A revealed cells resembling hypertrophic chondrocytes. Specific ALP was higher in the group B (p = 0.012, Z = - 2.5) compared to empty ceramics. There were no significant differences between groups A and B. Differences between group A and the empty control did not become significant (p = 0.069, Z = - 1.8).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All three matrices promoted BMSC proliferation and differentiation to osteogenic cells in vitro. Human BMSC on CDHA showed signs of osteogenic differentiation after subcutaneous implantation into SCID mice.
authors.affiliation: Orthopädische Universitätsklinik Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Deutschland. Philip.Kasten@gmx.de
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kasten
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luginbühl
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vogel
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Niemeyer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Van Griensven
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Krettek
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bohner
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bosch
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tonak
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D008875:Middle Aged; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D017886:Durapatite