In vitro screening for inhibitors of the human mitotic kinesin Eg5 with antimitotic and antitumor activities.
Human Eg5, a member of the kinesin superfamily, plays a key role in mitosis, as it is required for the formation of a bipolar spindle. We describe here the first in vitro microtubule-activated ATPase-based assay for the identification of small-molecule inhibitors of Eg5. We screened preselected libraries obtained from the National Cancer Institute and identified S-trityl-L-cysteine as the most effective Eg5 inhibitor with an IC50 of 1.0 micromol/L for the inhibition of basal ATPase activity and 140 nmol/L for the microtubule-activated ATPase activity. Subsequent cell-based assays revealed that S-trityl-L-cysteine induced mitotic arrest in HeLa cells (IC50, 700 nmol/L) with characteristic monoastral spindles. S-trityl-L-cysteine is 36 times more potent for inducing mitotic arrest than the well-studied inhibitor, monastrol. Gossypol, flexeril, and two phenothiazine analogues were also identified as Eg5 inhibitors, and we found that they all result in monoastral spindles in HeLa cells. It is notable that all the Eg5 inhibitors identified here have been shown previously to inhibit tumor cell line growth in the NCI 60 tumor cell line screen, and we conclude that their antitumor activity may at least in part be explained by their ability to inhibit Eg5 activity.
DeBonis
Salvatore
S
Institut de Biologie Structurale, 41, rue Jules Horowitz, 38027 Grenoble Cedex 01, France.
Skoufias
Dimitrios A
DA
Lebeau
Luc
L
Lopez
Roman
R
Robin
Gautier
G
Margolis
Robert L
RL
Wade
Richard H
RH
Kozielski
Frank
F
D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001681:Biological Assay; D003545:Cysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D016547:Kinesins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000187:drug effects
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C470243:KIF11 protein, human; C003724:3-tritylthio-L-alanine; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D016547:Kinesins; D003545:Cysteine