title: Musculoskeletal education in physical medicine and rehabilitation residency programs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize current musculoskeletal (MSK) education experiences in physical medicine and rehabilitation residency programs and to identify perceived barriers to providing more extensive MSK education experiences. In addition, to establish utilization patterns for the PASSOR Physical Examination Core Competencies List.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between March and November 2003, all 81 physical medicine and rehabilitation residency program directors were asked to complete an MSK education survey developed by the authors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 69 of 81 program directors (86%) responded after multiple contacts. The most frequently utilized MSK education formats were MSK lecture series, MSK departmental conferences, and physical examination workshops. Potential barriers to expanded MSK education included money, time, and staff number. Given unlimited resources, most residency programs would greatly increase utilization of visiting lecturers, CD-ROMs/DVDs, objective structured clinical examinations, and physical examination videos. Of the 30 program directors who recalled receiving the Core Competencies List, only 40% (12 of 30) have formally integrated the list into their residency training. Barriers to implementation included logistical challenges and lack of direction regarding implementation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Residency program directors indicate a strong interest in expanding resident MSK education through the use of CD-ROMs/DVDs, physical examination videos, objective structured clinical examinations, and visiting lecturer programs. CD-ROMs/DVDs and videos represent particularly attractive educational formats for supplementing resident MSK education due to the advantages of central production, nominal costs, widespread distribution, multimedia capabilities, and accessibility. These educational formats should be considered for targeted educational initiatives to enhance resident MSK education, regardless of residency program size or resources.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Jay
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Brian J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Krabak
authors.forename: Gerard A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Malanga
authors.forename: Margaret A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Moutvic
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards; D003479:Curriculum / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000534:rehabilitation; D009141:Musculoskeletal System; D010810:Physical and Rehabilitation Medicine / Q000193:education* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012046:Rehabilitation / Q000193:education* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods; D014481:United States