[The endocannabinoid system and food intake control].
Acylethanolamides are endogenous compounds with lipid structure including anandamide (AEA), palmitoilethanolamide, oleylamide and oleylethanolamide (OEA). AEA binds to the cannabinoid receptor CB1, located at the central nervous system, while OEA is an endogenous ligand for the alpha subtype of peroxisome-proliferator activating receptor (PPARalpha). Since AEA acts on the same receptor which binds marihuana active derivatives, this group of compounds were called endocannabinoids. Besides typical central effects of cannabinoids, CB1 receptor activation leads to hyperphagia, whereas its pharmacological blockade is followed by changes in energy metabolism favouring substrate oxidation. OEA has inhibitory effects on food intake by acting on PPARalpha receptors which modulate the autonomous nervous system. Both acylethanolamides, AEA and OEA, have opposite effects suggesting that they form part of a satiety sensor system. Whereas fasting triggers AEA release and inhibits OEA synthesis, eating has the reverse effect. Additionally OEA is also produced by adipocytes ad has some effects on lipid metabolism. All these data suggest a role for acylethanolamides and the endocannabinoid system in the pathophysiology of obesity, diabetes and atherosclerosis.
Rodríguez de Fonseca
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Fundación Hospital Carlos Haya de Málaga. fernando.rodriguez.exts@juntadeandalucia.es
D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000502:physiology; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism; D063385:Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000378:metabolism; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D005215:Fasting / Q000502:physiology; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000378:metabolism; D006963:Hyperphagia / Q000503:physiopathology; D007657:Ketone Bodies / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism; D009829:Oleic Acids / Q000502:physiology; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D043882:Receptors, Cannabinoid / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D012528:Satiety Response / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D063385:Cannabinoid Receptor Modulators; D063388:Endocannabinoids; D007657:Ketone Bodies; D009829:Oleic Acids; C440229:Oleylethanolamide; D053284:Polyunsaturated Alkamides; D043882:Receptors, Cannabinoid; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D014157:Transcription Factors; D011494:Protein Kinases; C078814:anandamide
Sistema endocannabinoide y control de la ingesta.