title: Health-related behavior and beliefs of pregnant smokers.
abstract: To determine the association of smoking with other health-compromising behavior and beliefs during pregnancy, a cross-sectional survey of 1,203 women in the United Kingdom assessed smoking status, stage of change, fetal health locus of control, alcohol consumption, folic acid intake, and use of vitamin and iron supplements. Twenty percent were current smokers, and 33% were alcohol users. Pregnant smokers (especially those in the precontemplative stage) were less likely to increase folic acid intake, less likely to take vitamin and iron supplements, and less likely to feel personally responsible for the health of the fetus. Infants of smokers may be placed at an intrauterine disadvantage, not only in terms of smoking, but also in terms of nutrition.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Work, Health and Organisations, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, England. cheryl.haslam@nottingham.ac.uk
authors.forename: Cheryl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Haslam
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lawrence
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D047109:Fetal Development; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015438:Health Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D007501:Iron / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000523:psychology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006113:United Kingdom; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D014815:Vitamins; D005492:Folic Acid; D007501:Iron