title: An effective method for improving the fertility of glycerol-exposed poultry semen.
abstract: Semen cryopreservation is necessary for banking germplasm from critical poultry stocks. To date, glycerol is the most effective cryoprotectant for poultry sperm; however, the contraceptive effects of glycerol require a significant reduction of the cryoprotectant from thawed semen before artificial insemination (AI). The effectiveness of glycerol reduction by dialysis, Percoll density gradient centrifugation, or washing through 12% (wt/vol) Accudenz was evaluated by fertility trials with highly inbred chicken research lines and commercial turkey lines. Semen was extended 1:1 and then diluted with glycerolized extender to yield a final 11% (vol/vol) glycerol concentration. Glycerolized rooster semen was aliquoted for control, Accudenz centrifugation, and dialysis treatments. A total of 90 pure line and 85 F1 hybrid chicken hens were each inseminated with 100 x 10(6) sperm at 7-d intervals for 4 to 6 wk. All eggs from the glycerolized control semen treatments were infertile, and fertility rates from dialyzed semen decreased steadily from 26.4 to 0% within the first 4 wk for the pure lines. In contrast, fertility rates for Accudenz-processed semen increased from 17.9 to 37.17% during the first 4 wk. Similar fertility rates occurred with the F1 hybrid cross lines. For turkey fertility trials, the dialysis treatment was not used; glycerolized turkey semen was processed by Accudenz or Percoll centrifugation to reduce glycerol. A total of 36 hens were inseminated with 150 x 10(6) sperm at 7-d intervals for 6 wk. Similar to the chicken trials, fertility rates of Accudenz-processed semen steadily increased to 49.4% by the sixth week of insemination. The average fertility of Percoll-processed semen was only 19.1%. These data demonstrate that Accudenz centrifugation is an acceptable glycerol reduction method for nonfrozen poultry semen.
authors.affiliation: BARC, USDA, Biotechnology and Germplasm Lab, Beltsville, Maryland 20705, USA. jlong@anri.barc.usda.gov
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002499:Centrifugation, Density Gradient; D002645:Chickens / Q000502:physiology*; D015925:Cryopreservation; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003956:Dialysis; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000502:physiology*; D005990:Glycerol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007315:Insemination, Artificial; D008297:Male; D011205:Povidone; D012661:Semen / Q000502:physiology; D012662:Semen Preservation; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D013076:Sperm Count; D013081:Sperm Motility; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D014422:Turkeys / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; C016039:Percoll; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D011205:Povidone; D005990:Glycerol