Effects of dietary fat and carbohydrate on appetite vary depending upon site and structure.
The present review summarises the effects of different carbohydrate and fat structures on food intake and appetite and the differences in response at various levels of processing of macronutrients. Several physico-chemical properties of carbohydrate and fat molecules appear to influence the short-term satiating properties. However, long-term substantiation of these findings expressed in terms of food intake or body weight is not currently available. Such studies will be required to make clear recommendations regarding dietary composition to aid satiety.
French
Stephen
S
Masterfoods (Division of Mars UK Ltd), Dundee Road, Slough, Berkshire SL1 4JX, UK. stephen.french@eu.effem.com
D001069:Appetite Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005632:Fructose / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012527:Satiation / Q000502:physiology; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000378:metabolism
D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D011134:Polysaccharides; D014280:Triglycerides; D005632:Fructose; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D005947:Glucose