title: A pilot study of prophylactic ciprofloxacin during delayed intensification in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We hypothesized that prophylactic administration of an appropriate antibiotic following each delayed intensification (DI) in children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) would reduce the episodes of fever and bacteremia associated with neutropenia, and hence reduce both the rate and duration of hospitalization.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients in the study were treated according to a modified Medical Research Council United Kingdom ALL XI (MRC UKALL XI) protocol utilizing three DI courses. Between June and December 2000 patients received prophylactic ciprofloxacin following DI courses. The rates of hospitalization and bacteremias were compared to ALL patients who had received between one and three DI courses prior to June 2000.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 69 patients who received a total of 194 DIs (controls 130; study group 64). The rate of hospitalization was 90% in the controls and 58% in the study group (P < 0.001). The median hospital stay was 10.1 days for controls and 6.0 for the study group (P < 0.001). Intensive care unit admissions were reduced from 12 to 1.5% (P = 0.02). The overall rate of proven bacteremia was reduced from 22 to 9% (P = 0.028). There were no Gram-negative bacteremias in the study group compared to 10 (7.7%) in the controls (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared to historical controls, patients in this study receiving prophylactic ciprofloxacin had a reduced rate and duration of hospitalization and incidence of Gram-negative bacteremia.
authors.affiliation: Princess Noorah Oncology Center, King Abdullaziz Medical City, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia.
authors.forename: Abdelmottaleb A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Yousef
authors.forename: Christopher J H
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Fryer
authors.forename: Fares D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Chedid
authors.forename: Adil A H
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Abbas
authors.forename: Sami K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Felimban
authors.forename: Taha M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Khattab
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000150:complications* / Q000382:microbiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002939:Ciprofloxacin