title: Effects of dopaminergic treatment on bladder function in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the nature of voiding complaints, findings on urodynamics and the effects of medication on bladder control in a group of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients between the ages of 30-60 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two patients with PD were evaluated by questionnaires, PD rating scales, and full urodynamics evaluation. To evaluate lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS), we used the Danish Prostate Symptom Score (Dan-PSS). PD was evaluated using Unified Parkinson's Disease Rating Scale (UPDRS), and Hoehn and Yahr rating scale for PD. Urodynamics were performed while the patients were on dopaminergic therapy, and after stopping this for three half lives.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a significant correlation between the Dan-PSS score and UPDRS, Spearman's rho = 0.50, (P = 0.004), and between the score of irritative symptoms in Dan-PSS and motor symptoms (UPDRS(III)) is seen (Spearman's rho = 0.50, P = 0.003). Patients with significant bladder symptoms (> or =10 points in Dan-PSS) had a significantly higher bladder capacity in the medicated state than after wash out (P = 0.04), while patients with out bladder symptoms had no difference. Patients with a significant increase in bladder capacity on medication had a significantly higher interval between the volume of first sensation of bladder filling and bladder capacity when medicated (P = 0.01) than after wash out. Patient who did not benefit from medication had a significant lower interval off medication (P = 0.008).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effects of dopaminergic treatment on bladder control and urodynamic parameters are unpredictable in the individual patient, though most patients experience significant changes. We have also demonstrated the complexity of bladder control, and that patients with PD may be particularly susceptible to develop complex micturitional dysfunction. Our data indicates that cortical dysfunction may play a significant role in bladder dysfunction in PD parallel to the pontine lesion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, H:S Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen NV, Denmark. k.winge@dadlnet.dk
authors.forename: Kristian
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Winge
authors.forename: Lene M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Werdelin
authors.forename: Kurt K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stimpel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018450:Disease Progression; D015259:Dopamine Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007980:Levodopa / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012642:Selegiline / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications; D014563:Urodynamics / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D015259:Dopamine Agents; D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D012642:Selegiline; D007980:Levodopa