title: Late intravascular ultrasound findings of patients treated with brachytherapy for diffuse in-stent restenosis.
abstract: This study aimed at evaluating long-term (24-month) effects of beta-irradiation (188Re-MAG3-filled balloon) using intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) in patients with in-stent restenosis (ISR). Long-term effects of beta-irradiation on intimal hyperplasia (IH) within the stented segment and vessel and lumen dimensions of nonstented adjacent segments in patients with ISR have not been sufficiently evaluated. Two-year follow-up IVUS was performed in 30 patients with patent ISR segments at 6-month follow-up angiography. Serial IVUS images were acquired at five equidistant intrastent sites and at three different reference segment sites. IH burden (%) was defined as 100 x (IH/stent area). Mean intrastent IH area and IH burden significantly increased between 6 and 24 months, from 2.1 +/- 1.1 to 2.6 +/- 1.4 mm2 (P < 0.001) and from 26% +/- 10% to 33% +/- 14% (P < 0.001), respectively. There was a significant decrease of mean external elastic membrane (from 10.1 +/- 3.9 to 9.7 +/- 3.9 mm2; P = 0.015) and lumen area (from 5.6 +/- 2.3 to 5.1 +/- 2.3 mm2; P = 0.021) within distal reference segments between 6 and 24 months. Target lesion revascularization (TLR) was performed in six patients (20%) between 6 and 24 months after beta-irradiation therapy. There were no significant differences between TLR and non-TLR groups except for a smaller minimum lumen area at 24 months in the TLR group. Because of a small amount of late loss between 6 and 24 months, most irradiated ISR vessel segments remained stable for up to 2 years. However, quantitative evidence of late catch-up was evident in most patients and was significantly associated with 24-month TLR in some patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Myeong-Ki
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Gary S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Mintz
authors.forename: Cheol Whan
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young-Hak
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seung-Whan
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Dae-Hyuk
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Seung-Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Jong-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Ki-Hoon
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Duk-Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Jae-Kwan
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Jae-Joong
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seong-Wook
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Seung-Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000295:instrumentation; D001918:Brachytherapy; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012211:Rhenium / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015607:Stents; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D011868:Radioisotopes; D012211:Rhenium