title: Paenibacillus antarcticus sp. nov., a novel psychrotolerant organism from the Antarctic environment.
abstract: An endospore-forming strain, 20CMT, was isolated from Antarctic sediment and identified as a member of the genus Paenibacillus on the basis of phenotypic and phylogenetic analyses. The organism stained Gram-variable and was facultatively anaerobic. Strain 20CMT was psychrotolerant, growing optimally at 10-15 degrees C. Like other Paenibacillus species, it contained anteiso-C(15 : 0) as the major cellular fatty acid. The DNA G + C content was 40.7 mol%. 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis placed strain 20CMT within the Paenibacillus cluster, with a similarity value of 99.5 % to Paenibacillus macquariensis DSM 2T. DNA-DNA hybridization experiments between the Antarctic isolate and P. macquariensis DSM 2T revealed a reassociation value of 47 %, indicating that strain 20CMT and P. macquariensis DSM 2T belong to different species. Based on evaluation of morphological, physiological, chemotaxonomic and phylogenetic analyses, a novel species, Paenibacillus antarcticus sp. nov., is proposed; the type strain is 20CMT (= LMG 22078T = CECT 5836T).
authors.affiliation: Laboratori de Microbiologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Ma Jesús
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Montes
authors.affiliation: Laboratori de Microbiologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mercadé
authors.affiliation: Laboratori de Microbiologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Núria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bozal
authors.affiliation: Laboratori de Microbiologia, Facultat de Farmacia, Universitat de Barcelona, Av. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guinea
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D000864:Antarctic Regions; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000382:microbiology*; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S