title: Determinants of surgery related anxiety in cataract patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Not much is known about the relative importance of different determinants of anxiety in cataract patients. This study analysed the predictive value of factors related to surgery induced anxiety.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 128 cataract patients, recruited from two hospitals (Medical Centre Maastricht Annadal (MCMA) and Rotterdam Eye Hospital (REH)), state anxiety was assessed at four different time points using the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI). The following predictive factors of anxiety were measured: trait anxiety, outcome expectancies, doctor-patient relationship, coping strategy, social support, information supply, sociodemographic variables, and previous cataract surgery. Repeated measures ANOVA, t tests, multiple regression analysis, and correlations were used to analyse data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In general patients reported little anxiety. The level of anxiety (scale 1-4) was the highest before surgery, decreased immediately after surgery, and increased again after the postoperative visit. Patients with higher trait anxiety levels (r = 0.41; p<0.01), and women (r = 0.30; p<0.01) reported more anxiety. The REH patients showed lower anxiety scores than the MCMA patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women and patients with higher trait anxiety were more likely to experience higher levels of state anxiety. Positive outcome expectancies and social support may decrease anxiety.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Education and Promotion, Maastricht University, PO Box 616, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands. M.Nijkamp@GVO.unimaas.nl
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Nijkamp
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Kenens
authors.forename: A J M
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Dijker
authors.forename: R A C
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Ruiter
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hiddema
authors.forename: R M M A
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Nuijts
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D002387:Cataract Extraction / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012944:Social Support