title: [3D-visualization by MRI for surgical planning of Wilms tumors].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To improve surgical planning of kidney tumors in childhood (Wilms tumor, mesoblastic nephroma) after radiologic verification of the presumptive diagnosis with interactive colored 3D-animation in MRI.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 7 children (1 boy, 6 girls) with a mean age of 3 years (1 month to 11 years), the MRI database (DICOM) was processed with a raycasting-based 3D-volume-rendering software (VG Studio Max 1.1/Volume Graphics). The abdominal MRI-sequences (coronal STIR, coronal T1 TSE, transverse T1/T2 TSE, sagittal T2 TSE, transverse and coronal T1 TSE post contrast) were obtained with a 0.5T unit in 4 - 6 mm slices. Additionally, a phase-contrast-MR-angiography was applied to delineate the large abdominal and retroperitoneal vessels. A notebook was used to demonstrate the 3D-visualization for surgical planning before surgery and during the surgical procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all 7 cases, the surgical approach was influenced by interactive 3D-animation and the information found useful for surgical planning. Above all, the 3D-visualization demonstrates the mass effect of the Wilms tumor and its anatomical relationship to the renal hilum and to the rest of the kidney as well as the topographic relationship of the tumor to the critical vessels. One rupture of the tumor capsule occurred as a surgical complication. For the surgeon, the transformation of the anatomical situation from MRI to the surgical situs has become much easier.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For surgical planning of Wilms tumors, the 3D-visualization with 3D-animation of the situs helps to transfer important information from the pediatric radiologist to the pediatric surgeon and optimizes the surgical preparation. A reduction of complications is to be expected.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung Pädiatrische Radiologie, Universitätsklinik Heidelberg. jens-peter_schenk@med.uni-heidelberg.de
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Schenk
authors.forename: K-L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Waag
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Graf
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wunsch
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jourdan
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Behnisch
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tröger
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Günther
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D007223:Infant; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D012737:Sex Factors; D012984:Software; D009396:Wilms Tumor / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*
vernacular_title: 3-D-Visualisierung in der MRT zur Operationsplanung von Wilms-Tumoren.