Psychosocial issues in people with epilepsy in Togo and Benin (West Africa) I. Anxiety and depression measured using Goldberg's scale.
OBJECTIVE
This study in Togo and Benin, West Africa, was aimed at measuring depression and anxiety among people with epilepsy (PWE).


METHODS
This cross-sectional study of 281 adult PWE in Togo and 215 in Benin matched with the same number of controls without epilepsy used Goldberg's anxiety and depression scale. The statistical tests used for comparisons were chi(2) tests, Fisher's exact test, analysis of variance, and Fisher's PLSD test when necessary.


RESULTS
PWE in Togo and Benin had significantly higher (P<0.0001) average depression scores (4.4+/-2.1, 4.7+/-2.7) than controls (0.5+/-0.9, 1.4+/-2.4). They also had significantly higher (P<0.0001) average anxiety scores (5.3+/-2.0, 6.2+/-2.1) than controls (2.5+/-1.6, 1.6+/-2.0). In consideration of the thresholds of the scale, the prevalence of possible major anxiety and depression among PWE was also very high compared with controls (P<0.0001). High anxiety and depression scores were, in general, positively correlated with a higher frequency of seizures and lack of treatment.


CONCLUSIONS
Results confirmed the existence of anxiety and depression among PWE in Togo and Benin.
Nubukpo
P
P
Institute of Neuroepidemiology and Tropical Neurology, EA 3174, Faculty of Medicine, 2 rue du Dr. Marcland 87025 Limoges, France. ient@unilim.fr <ient@unilim.fr>
Preux
P M
PM
Houinato
D
D
Radji
A
A
Grunitzky
E K
EK
Avodé
G
G
Clément
J P
JP
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D001541:Benin / Q000453:epidemiology; D003469:Culture; D003625:Data Collection; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009790:Occupations; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012640:Seizures / Q000453:epidemiology; D012931:Social Environment; D014037:Togo / Q000453:epidemiology