title: Study on pancreatic lymphatics in nonobese diabetic mouse with prevention of insulitis and diabetes by adjuvant immunotherapy.
abstract: The present study has investigated the relationship between pancreatic lymphatics, infiltrating cells, and insulitic development after a single injection of complete Freund's adjuvant (CFA) given at an early age in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mice. No CFA-treated NOD mice developed hyperglycemia, whereas most CFA-untreated mice died of diabetes at the age of 20-30 weeks. In untreated NOD mice, the increased infiltration of dendritic cells (DCs) and T-lymphocytes into the pancreatic islets appeared to be consistent with the increased expression of the secondary lymphoid chemokine (CCL21) and CD(31) by the endothelial cell lining of inter- and intralobular lymphatics. As the infiltration became severe, the reaction products of CCL21 and CD(31) were distributed in the nucleus and cytoplasm of lymphatic endothelial cells (LECs), through which DCs and T-lymphocytes migrated frequently. Administration of CFA reduced the number of infiltrating DCs and T-lymphocytes, but did not affect macrophage infiltration. The peri-insulitis occurred in numerous islets of CFA-treated NOD mice without the appearance of the intraislet infiltration and islet-associated lymphoid-like tissues. Furthermore, significant suppression of CCL21 and CD(31) was demonstrated on the infiltrating cells to the islets and islet-associated lymphatics. The abluminal endothelial cell lining of lymphatic vessels exhibited weaker immunoreactivity of CCL21 and CD(31) in comparison with the luminal surfaces. The reaction product of 5'-nucleotidase (5'-Nase) was evenly deposited on LECs, which were the absence of open junctions, cytoplasmic protrusions, and vesicles. CFA treatment influenced the migratory processes of the infiltrating cell, which were closely related with structural changes of pancreatic lymphatics and inhibited insulitic development. These findings suggest that in CFA-treated NOD mice, the suppression of insulitis and prevention of diabetes are secondary to the functional modulation of pancreatic lymphatics and infiltrating cells.
authors.affiliation: Division of Morphological Analysis, Department of Anatomy, Biology and Medicine, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, 1-1 Idaigaoka, Hasama-machi, Oita-gun, Oita 879-5593, Japan.
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: Rui-Cheng
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimoda
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miura
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kato
mesh_terms: D015720:5'-Nucleotidase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D054421:Chemokine CCL21; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007167:Immunotherapy; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D010179:Pancreas / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C515479:Ccl21c protein, mouse; D054421:Chemokine CCL21; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D007328:Insulin; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D005620:Freund's Adjuvant; D015720:5'-Nucleotidase