title: Different chemokine expression in lethal and non-lethal murine West Nile virus infection.
abstract: West Nile (WN) virus is a mosquito-borne flavivirus that can cause lethal encephalitis in humans and horses. The WN virus endemic in New York City (NY) in 1999 caused large-scale mortality of wild birds that was not evident in endemic areas in other parts of the world, and the pathogenesis of the WN virus strain isolated in NY (NY strain) appears to differ from that of previously isolated strains. However, the pathogenesis of NY strain infection remains unclear. This study examined CC (RANTES/CCL5, MIP-1 alpha/CCL3, MIP-1 beta/CCL4) and CXC (IP-10/CXCL10, B lymphocyte chemoattractant (BLC/CXCL13), and B cell- and monocyte-activating chemokine (BMAC/CXCL14)) chemokine expression during lethal NY strain and non-lethal Eg101 strain infection in mice. We found that the mRNA of the CC chemokines, RANTES, MIP-1 alpha, MIP-1 beta, and IP-10 was highly up-regulated in the brain of NY strain-infected mice. By contrast, BLC mRNA was not detected in either group of mice, and BMAC mRNA was highly up-regulated in late stage of infection with the non-lethal Eg101 strain relative to levels in NY strain-infected mice.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Public Health, Department of Environmental Veterinary Sciences, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Hokkaido, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shirato
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mizutani
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kariwa
authors.forename: Ikuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Takashima
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D001483:Base Sequence; D001717:Birds / Q000821:virology; D001921:Brain / Q000276:immunology; D018925:Chemokines / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D009519:New York City; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013045:Species Specificity; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology; D014901:West Nile Fever / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D018925:Chemokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger