title: Creating a baseline radiological standard for the waste isolation pilot plant underground.
abstract: The Waste Isolation Pilot Plant (WIPP) is a deep underground geological repository for defense transuranic wastes. The creation of a full baseline radiological standard for the WIPP underground is essential in order to evaluate and account for the influence of the naturally occurring radioactive materials, and to prepare for any suspected contamination or the very unlikely event of a real accident scenario. In this report, we describe the establishment of the baseline information using the gamma background dose rate measurements and the salt rib smears of surface removable alpha and beta activities throughout the WIPP underground. The average background gamma dose rate in the WIPP underground is 8.27 x 10(-9) +/- 1.65 x 10(-9) Gy/h while the gamma dose rate on the WIPP surface is 3.46 x 10(-8) +/- 1.65 x 10(-9) Gy/h. The overall surface average alpha activity in the underground is 8.52 x 10(-5) +/- 1.22 x 10(-4) Bq/cm2 (at 1sigma level) with the minimum detectable activity (MDA) of 4.81 x 10(-4) Bq/cm2. The overall surface average beta activity is 8.25 x 10(-4) +/- 8.17 x 10(-4) Bq/cm2 (at 1sigma level) with the MDA of 3.19 x 10(-3) Bq/cm2. This baseline standard will be beneficial to the overall WIPP operational facility, ensuring the worker safety and adding to public confidence in the operation of the WIPP.
authors.affiliation: Washington TRU Solutions LLC, Radiological Technology, MS 452-06, PO Box 2078, Carlsbad, NM 88221, USA. chiouh@wipp.ws
authors.forename: Hung-Cheng
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chiou
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hayes
mesh_terms: D001610:Beta Particles; D005720:Gamma Rays; D055593:Geological Phenomena; D005844:Geology; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011835:Radiation Protection; D011850:Radioactive Waste / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D011874:Radiometry; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000592:standards*; D014481:United States; D018505:Waste Management / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000592:standards*
chemical_list: D011850:Radioactive Waste