title: Identification of basal promoter and enhancer elements in an untranslated region of the TT virus genome.
abstract: The regulation of TT virus (TTV) gene expression was characterized. Transient-transfection assays using reporter constructs revealed that a 113-nucleotide (nt) sequence within the untranslated region, proximal to the transcription initiation site and containing a TATA box motif, has a basal promoter activity. This sequence is well conserved among different TTV genotypes. Upstream stimulating factor bound to a consensus binding motif within this region and positively regulates TTV transcription. Furthermore, a 488-nt region upstream of the basal promoter exhibited enhancer activity, presumably in a cell type-specific manner. This study illustrates some of the mechanisms involved in the transcriptional regulation of TTV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan. tesuzuki@nih.go.jp
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Ryosuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Minako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hijikata
authors.forename: Mami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Tiang-Cheng
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yoshiharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsuura
authors.forename: Shunji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mishiro
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyamura
mesh_terms: D019677:Artificial Gene Fusion; D001483:Base Sequence; D016384:Consensus Sequence; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004742:Enhancer Elements, Genetic; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D008156:Luciferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D016385:TATA Box / Q000235:genetics; D022783:Torque teno virus / Q000235:genetics*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D020506:Untranslated Regions; D051720:Upstream Stimulatory Factors
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D020506:Untranslated Regions; D051720:Upstream Stimulatory Factors; D008156:Luciferases