title: Neonatal respiratory morbidity at term and the risk of childhood asthma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether neonatal respiratory morbidity at term is associated with an increased risk of later asthma and whether this may explain previously described associations between caesarean delivery and asthma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study using Scottish Morbidity Record (SMR) data of maternity (SMR02), neonatal (SMR11), and acute hospital (SMR01) discharges.
  
  
  METHODS
  Scotland.
  
  
  METHODS
  All singleton births at term between 1992-1995 in 23 Scottish maternity hospitals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospital admission with a diagnosis of asthma in the principal position between 1992 and 2000.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children who had a diagnosis of transient tachypnoea of the newborn or respiratory distress syndrome were at increased risk of being admitted to hospital with a diagnosis of asthma (hazard ratio (HR) 1.7, 95% confidence interval (95% CI) 1.4 to 2.2, p<0.001). This association was observed both among children delivered vaginally (HR 1.5, 95% CI 1.1 to 2.0, p = 0.007) and among those delivered by caesarean section (HR 2.2, 95% CI 1.6 to 3.0, p<0.001). In the absence of neonatal respiratory morbidity, delivery by caesarean section was weakly associated with the risk of asthma in childhood (HR 1.1, 95% CI 1.0 to 1.2, p = 0.004). The strengths of the associations were similar whether the caesarean delivery was planned or emergency and were not significantly altered by adjustment for maternal, obstetric, and other neonatal characteristics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neonatal respiratory morbidity at term is associated with an increased risk of asthma in childhood which may explain previously described associations between caesarean delivery and later asthma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Cambridge University, Cambridge, UK. gcss2@cam.ac.uk
authors.forename: G C S
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: I R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Pell
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dobbie
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D002648:Child; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008423:Maternal Age; D012120:Respiration Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012606:Scotland / Q000453:epidemiology