title: Late recurrences of Sydenham's chorea are not associated with anti-basal ganglia antibodies.
abstract: Anti-basal ganglia antibodies (ABGA) have been associated with 100% of acute cases and 69% of persistent cases of Sydenham's chorea. We describe two cases of late recurrences of Sydenham's chorea with absence of ABGA. Both patients had several childhood episodes of Sydenham's chorea. MRI imaging of the basal ganglia and exhaustive investigations for other causes of chorea were normal or negative. The absence of ABGA may be evidence against an autoimmune pathology in late and some persistent recurrences. We suggest the likely pathophysiology to be dopamine hypersensitivity of chronically damaged basal ganglia neurones possibly following induction of an autoimmune antibody response in childhood.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, De Crespigny Park, London, UK.
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Church
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nisbet
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rudge
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Giovannoni
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic / Q000032:analysis*; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002819:Chorea / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D012008:Recurrence; D012213:Rheumatic Fever / Q000150:complications; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; D004298:Dopamine