Decrease in measles virus-specific CD4 T cell memory in vaccinated subjects.
Since the licensure and generalization of an effective measles virus (MV) vaccine 41 years ago, antibody levels have been used as correlates of immunity. The long-lived MV-specific antibody response has been studied intensely, but the dynamics of MV-specific T cell immunity over time have not been well characterized. We thus characterized the profiles of MV vaccine-induced antigen-specific T cells over time since vaccination. In a cross-sectional study of healthy subjects with a history of MV vaccination, we found that MV-specific CD4 and CD8 T cells could be detected up to 34 years after vaccination. The levels of MV-specific CD8 T cells and MV-specific IgG remained stable, whereas the level of MV-specific CD4 T cells decreased significantly in subjects who had been vaccinated >21 years earlier. These results show that MV-specific T cell immunity after vaccination is long lasting and reveal different dynamics between CD4 and CD8 cells after vaccination.
Naniche
Denise
D
Division of Virology, Department of Neuropharmacology, Scripps Research Institute, San Diego, California, USA. dsauzanne@clinic.ub.cs.
Garenne
Michel
M
Rae
Chris
C
Manchester
Marianne
M
Buchta
Richard
R
Brodine
Stephanie K
SK
Oldstone
Michael B A
MB
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008457:Measles / Q000276:immunology*; D008458:Measles Vaccine / Q000276:immunology*; D018103:Morbillivirus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014611:Vaccination
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D008458:Measles Vaccine