title: Effects of treatment recommendations and specialist intervention on care provided by primary care physicians to patients with myocardial infarction or heart failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effects of an intervention involving dissemination of treatment recommendations to primary care physicians treating outpatients with acute myocardial infarction or heart failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study comprised 509 patients with myocardial infarction and 323 patients with heart failure who were discharged from hospital. The primary care physicians caring for these patients were assigned randomly to either the intervention or control group; the intervention group was mailed practice guidelines immediately after patient discharge, and patients were cited by name. During a 6-month assessment period, the records of primary care physicians (and cardiologists, if any) were reviewed to assess mean conformance with the guidelines, using seven measures of care for myocardial infarction and eight measures of care for heart failure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for demographic and clinical characteristics of patients, and the number of eligible measures per patient, we observed no effect of the intervention on care of patients with myocardial infarction (odds ratio [OR] = 0.98; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.81 to 1.17) or heart failure (OR = 1.25; 95% CI: 0.96 to 1.59). However, there was a higher likelihood of conformance with measures for patients with infarction (OR = 1.56; 95% CI: 1.29 to 1.87) or heart failure (OR = 1.71; 95% CI: 1.29 to 2.23) who had also been seen by a cardiologist during the 6-month assessment period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mailing treatment recommendations did not improve the quality of care of recently discharged patients with myocardial infarction or heart failure. However, efforts to include cardiologists in the care of these patients might be worthwhile.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Care Policy, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA. Guadagnoli@hcp.med.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Guadagnoli
authors.forename: Sharon-Lise T
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Normand
authors.forename: Thomas G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: DiSalvo
authors.forename: R Heather
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: Barbara J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: McNeil
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002309:Cardiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006327:Heart Block / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010821:Physicians, Family; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors