title: In vitro anti-inflammatory activity of 23-hydroxyursolic acid isolated from Cussonia bancoensis in murine macrophage RAW 264.7 cells.
abstract: In the present study, the effects of various triterpenoids isolated from the stem bark of Cussonia bancoensis, namely, ursolic acid ( 1), 23-hydroxyursolic acid ( 2), 3-O-alpha- L-arabinopyranosyl-23-hydroxyursolic acid (3), and 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl-23-hydroxyursolic acid ( 4) were evaluated on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E (2) (PGE (2)) release by the macrophage cell line RAW 264.7. Of the tested triterpenoids, 23-hydroxyursolic acid ( 2) was found to be the most potent inhibitor of NO production, and also significantly reduced PGE (2) release. Consistent with these observations, the protein and mRNA expression levels of inducible NO synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 enzymes were inhibited by 23-hydroxyursolic acid ( 2) in a concentration-dependent manner. Furthermore, 23-hydroxyursolic acid ( 2) inhibited the LPS-induced DNA binding activity of nuclear factor- kappaB (NF- kappaB), which was associated with a decrease of p65 protein levels in the nucleus. These results suggest that the 23-hydroxyursolic acid-mediated inhibition of iNOS and COX-2 expression, via blocking NF- kappaB activation, may mechanistically responsible for the anti-inflammatory effects of Cussonia bancoensis stem bark in vitro.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Kyung-Hee University, Dongdaemun-Ku, Hoegi-Dong 130-701, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Rung-Kyu
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Tapondjou Leon
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Azefack
authors.forename: Lontsi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: David
authors.forename: Sondengam Beibam
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Luc
authors.forename: Muhammad Iqbal
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Choudhary
authors.forename: Hee-Juhn
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jong-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Kyung-Tae
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D027481:Araliaceae; D002460:Cell Line / Q000187:drug effects; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D017931:DNA Primers; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018547:Plant Stems; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D017931:DNA Primers; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014315:Triterpenes; C469884:23-hydroxyursolic acid; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D015232:Dinoprostone