title: Attempted nerve sparing surgery and age have a significant effect on urinary continence and erectile function after radical cystoprostatectomy and ileal orthotopic bladder substitution.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed factors influencing urinary continence and erectile function after radical cystoprostatectomy and ileal orthotopic bladder substitution.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 381 consecutive men undergoing radical cystoprostatectomy and ileal orthotopic bladder substitution between April 1985 and June 2003, 331 (87%) met the inclusion criteria and were enrolled in the analysis. Kaplan-Meier models and multivariate analysis applying Cox regression were used to evaluate factors influencing postoperative urinary continence and erectile function.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In univariate analysis, attempted nerve sparing and age younger than 65 years were significantly associated with better daytime (p = 0.002 and p = 0.007, respectively) and nighttime continence (p = 0.036 and p = 0.005, respectively). In multivariate analysis the rate of daytime continence was significantly higher in patients with attempted nerve sparing (hazards ratio [HR] 1.4, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.05-1.87) and nighttime continence was significantly better in patients younger than 65 years (HR 1.39, 95% CI 1.07-1.8). Daytime continence was significantly better (p <0.0001) and was achieved more quickly than nighttime continence (p <0.0001). The time to achieve daytime continence was shorter for patients with attempted nerve sparing (p = 0.012). In multivariate analysis erectile function recovered significantly more often in patients with attempted nerve sparing (HR 2.59, 95% CI 1.24-5.39) and in those younger than 65 years (HR 2.98, 95% CI 1.83-4.85).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After radical cystoprostatectomy and ileal orthotopic bladder substitution, attempted nerve sparing and age younger than 65 years are associated with improved urinary continence. Attempted nerve sparing has the greatest impact on daytime continence and age has the greatest impact on nighttime continence. Attempted nerve sparing and younger age are both associated with more frequent recovery of erectile function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Kessler
authors.forename: Fiona C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Burkhard
authors.forename: Petros
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perimenis
authors.forename: Hansjörg
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Danuser
authors.forename: George N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Thalmann
authors.forename: Werner W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Hochreiter
authors.forename: Urs E
authors.initials: UE
authors.lastname: Studer
mesh_terms: D000206:Actuarial Analysis; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D015653:Cystectomy; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000209:etiology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010413:Penis / Q000294:innervation*; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000601:surgery*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011468:Prostatectomy; D012044:Regression Analysis; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000209:etiology*; D016476:Urinary Reservoirs, Continent