title: Effect of protein : energy ratio in milk replacers on growth performance of goat kids.
abstract: Two separate experiments were carried out to establish the effects of the protein:energy ratio in milk replacers on growth performance, plasma lipid concentrations and fatty acid composition in adipose tissue of male goat kids. In the first experiment there were 211 3-day- old goat kids and in the second experiment there were 121 kids aged 3-7 days. The animals were fed ad libitum for a period of 4 weeks on milk replacers containing either 11.5 or 9.5 g crude protein/MJ metabolizable energy. In essence, protein was exchanged with fat on a weight basis. Milk concentrations were increased from 160 to 190 g/l in experiment 1, from 150 to 180 g/l in experiment 2. There were significant increases in body weight and feed intake when the milk replacer with high protein : energy ratio was fed. Group mean average daily weight gain was 168 and 203 g for the groups with low and high dietary protein:energy ratio in experiment 1; for experiment 2 the values were 139 and 160 g. Average dry matter intake was 18 and 14% higher for the diet with high protein:energy ratio in experiments 1 and 2, respectively. There was no change in either feed conversion (feed:gain ratio) or energy conversion (weight gain:energy intake ratio). There were no consistent diet effects on plasma lipid concentrations. Dietary fatty acid composition was reflected by that of adipose tissue. The milk replacer with high protein:energy ratio produced a small increase in the contents of myristic and palmitic acid in adipose tissue.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands. Keum-Hee.Yeom@vet.uu.nl
authors.forename: K-H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Yeom
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Van Trierum
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hache
authors.forename: K-W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Beynen
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000254:growth & development; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism*; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005526:Food, Formulated; D006041:Goats / Q000254:growth & development*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D011897:Random Allocation; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008055:Lipids