title: Topical tacrolimus and the 308-nm excimer laser: a synergistic combination for the treatment of vitiligo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy of combined tacrolimus and 308-nm excimer laser therapy vs 308-nm excimer laser monotherapy in treating vitiligo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparative, prospective, randomized, intraindividual study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen patients, aged 12 to 63 years, with Fitzpatrick skin types II to IV.
  
  
  METHODS
  For each patient, 4 to 10 target lesions were chosen. The treatment applied to each target lesion was randomized by drawing lots. Each lesion was treated twice a week by the 308-nm excimer laser, for a total of 24 sessions. Initial fluences were 12 mcal/cm(2) (50 mJ/cm(2)) less than the minimal erythemal dose in vitiliginous skin. Then, fluences were increased by 12 mcal/cm(2) every second session. Moreover, topical 0.1% tacrolimus ointment was applied twice daily on target lesions receiving the combined tacrolimus and excimer laser treatment (group A). Group B target lesions received only excimer laser monotherapy. For each treated lesion, the untreated lesion on the opposite side served as the control. Tolerance was evaluated by a visual analog scale, and secondary events were recorded at each session.
  
  
  METHODS
  Treatment efficacy, which was blindly evaluated by 2 independent physicians by direct and polarized light photographs taken before and after treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-three lesions were treated (23 in group A and 20 in group B). All patients completed the study. Repigmentation was observed in all group A lesions (100%) and in 17 (85%) of the 20 group B lesions. Repigmentation was not observed in the untreated lesions (control group). A repigmentation rate of 75% or more was obtained in 16 (70%) of the 23 group A lesions and in 4 (20%) of the 20 group B lesions. In UV-sensitive areas (the face, neck, trunk, and limbs, with the exception of bony prominences and extremities), 10 (77%) of 13 group A lesions had a repigmentation rate of 75% or more vs 4 (57%) of 7 group B lesions. In classically UV-resistant areas, 6 (60%) of 10 group A lesions had a repigmentation rate of 75% or more vs 0 of the 13 group B lesions. The mean number of sessions necessary for an improvement of repigmentation was 10 in group A and 12 in group B. Adverse effects have been limited, and tolerance was excellent.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination treatment of 0.1% tacrolimus ointment plus the 308-nm excimer laser is superior to 308-nm excimer laser monotherapy for the treatment of UV-resistant vitiliginous lesions (P<.002). The efficacy and the good tolerance of the 308-nm excimer laser in monotherapy for treating localized vitiligo were also confirmed, but this treatment regimen should be proposed only for UV-sensitive areas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Hôpital de l'Archet 2, Nice, France. t.passeron@free.fr
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Passeron
authors.forename: Nima
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ostovari
authors.forename: Wassim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zakaria
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fontas
authors.forename: Jean-Claude
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Larrouy
authors.forename: Jean-Philippe
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lacour
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Ortonne
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011336:Probability; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014820:Vitiligo / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy*
chemical_list: D016559:Tacrolimus