title: [Profile of antimicrobial resistance of agents causing urinary tract infections in children].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The management of urinary tract infection in children faces the problem of the emergence of resistant strains to antibiotics. The aim of this study is to precise the frequency of the different germs and their susceptibility to antibiotics.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a retrospective study concerning 200 cases of urinary tract infection hospitalised in the paediatric department of Monastir between January 1995 and December 2000. There were 58 boys and 142 girls aged between two months and 14 years with a mean age of 5 years. The frequency of urinary tract infection is 1.85%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most common causative agent is Escherichia coli in 75.5% of cases, followed by Proteus mirabilis (10%) then by Klebsiella pneumoniae (6%). Escherichia coli is predominant in girls, whereas Proteus mirabilis and Klebsiella pneumoniae are likely encountred in boys. Of all the strains, 96% are resistant to ampicillin, amoxicillin and cefalotin, 67% to amoxicillin + clavulanic acid and 34% to cotrimoxazole. A resistance to ampicillin, amoxicillin and cefalotin is noted in 96% of the germs. The resistance is of 67% for amoxicillin + clavulanic-acid and of 34% for cotrimoxazole. However, third generation cephalosporins and aminoglycosides remain usually active on the majority of strains incriminated in these infections a part from Pseudomonas.
authors.affiliation: Service de Pediatrie, Hopital Fattouma Bourguiba, Monastir, Tunisie.
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ghedira Besbes
authors.forename: Ahlem
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Messaoudi
authors.forename: Chebil
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ben Meriem
authors.forename: Mohamed Neji
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Guediche
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000667:Ampicillin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000668:Ampicillin Resistance; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000892:Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D018550:Cephalosporin Resistance; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002512:Cephalothin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019818:Clavulanic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007711:Klebsiella pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D011513:Proteus mirabilis / Q000187:drug effects; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000892:Anti-Infective Agents, Urinary; D002511:Cephalosporins; D019818:Clavulanic Acid; D000667:Ampicillin; D000658:Amoxicillin; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination; D002512:Cephalothin
vernacular_title: Sensibilite aux antibiotiques des germes responsables d'infections urinaires de l'enfant.