title: COX-2 inhibition and cancer: experimental findings and clinical correlates.
abstract: To test our hypothesis that Cyclooyxgenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors would stop the growth of breast and prostate cancer cells in vitro, two breast (MCF-7, ZR75-1) and two prostate cancer cell lines (PC-3, DU145) were treated with rofecoxib (Vioxx) or NS398. Cell growth was measured by MTT at 24 and 72 hours. Statistical analysis was performed by ANOVA. Significant growth inhibition (p < 0.05) was observed in all cell lines in a dose-dependent manner after treatment with COX-2 inhibitors. Rofecoxib inhibited cellular proliferation by inducing (p < 0.001) apoptosis in breast cancer cells. Our study indicates that COX-2 inhibition reduces the growth of human breast and prostate cancer in vitro. Human studies are needed to evaluate the clinical utility of rofecoxib treatment in breast or prostate cancers.
authors.affiliation: West Virginia University School of Medicine, Morgantown, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth Gail
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vona-Davis
authors.forename: Dale R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Riggs
authors.forename: Barbara J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Hesam
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hohseni
authors.forename: Stanley J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kandzari
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: McFadden
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D001943:Breast Neoplasms; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D007783:Lactones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009578:Nitrobenzenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013450:Sulfones
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D007783:Lactones; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009578:Nitrobenzenes; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013450:Sulfones; C116926:rofecoxib; C080955:N-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases