title: [Clonidine and anesthesia].
abstract: The alpha2-adrenoceptor agonists have several beneficial actions during the perioperative period. They exert a central sympatholytic action, improving haemodynamic stability in response to endotracheal intubation and surgical stress, reducing the anesthetic and opioid requirements and causing sedation, anxiolysis and analgesia. Furthermore, alpha2-adrenoceptor agonists may offer benefits in the prophylaxis and treatment of perioperative myocardial ischaemia. Recent alpha2-adrenoceptor agonists with short duration of action (dexmedetomidine and mivazerol) are adapted for the administration to patients at high risk for coronary artery disease during surgery. The alpha2-adrenoceptor agonists have an analgesic action at several sites of the peripheral and central nervous system as well as the prolongation of epidurally or intrathecally administered local anesthetics and opioids.
authors.affiliation: Institut Salah Azaeiez, Tunis.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boussofara
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Mtaallah
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Nefaa
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kaddour
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000698:Analgesia; D000700:Analgesics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000758:Anesthesia; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D003000:Clonidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020927:Dexmedetomidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D007268:Injections, Epidural; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000517:prevention & control; D011229:Preanesthetic Medication; D012307:Risk Factors; D013565:Sympatholytics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000700:Analgesics; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D007093:Imidazoles; D013565:Sympatholytics; D020927:Dexmedetomidine; D003000:Clonidine; C087969:mivazerol
vernacular_title: Les indications de la clonidine en anesthésie.