Ischemia/reperfusion injury: a review in relation to free tissue transfers.
Events during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury include: neutrophil-mediated endothelial cytotoxicity and activation, generation of free radicals, triggering of cytokines and chemokines, and activation of adhesion molecules and complement system. This article briefly reviews events occurring during tissue ischemia and reperfusion in relation to free tissue transfers. The consequences of tissue damage at the microcirculatory level are presented. Preventive measures of I/R injury are outlined.
Siemionow
Maria
M
Department of Plastic Surgery, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. siemiom@ccf.org
Arslan
Emrah
E
D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000502:physiology; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000502:physiology; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*
D005609:Free Radicals; D003165:Complement System Proteins