title: [Direct MR-arthrography of the shoulder with maximum capsular distension for surgical planning].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of direct MR arthrography of the glenohumeral joint with maximum distension of the joint capsule in patients with glenohumeral instability for preoperative diagnosis and for determining the method of surgical intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  MR arthrography of the shoulder joint was performed on a 1.5 T system in 38 patients. All patients suffered from anterior or bidirectional instability. Using a fluoroscopically guided posterior approach, a 1 % dilution of dimeglumine gadopentetate (5 mmol Gd-DTPA/l) was injected until full capsular stretching was achieved. MR imaging protocol included fat-saturated transversal, oblique-coronal and oblique-sagittal T1-weighted spin-echo, T1-weighted 3-D and transversal T2-weighted Flash-2D.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MR imaging revealed significant capsule distention in 22 patients and ventral capsule defects in 9 patients. Labral lesions were depicted in 25 patients, bicipital tendon lesions in 4 patients and partial ruptures of the rotator cuff in 3 patients. 15 of the 38 patients underwent surgery. Areas of pathologic laxity of the glenohumeral capsule were correctly described in all cases. In 12 of 15 patients, the best method of intervention could be determined prospectively. In 3 of 15 patients, the necessary operation was overestimated. Regarding labral ruptures, MRI had a sensitivity of 88 %, a specificity of 86 %, and a diagnostic accuracy of 87 %.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Direct glenohumeral MR arthrography allows accurate preoperative evaluation of labral and tendinous structures. Judging the capsular laxity allows the determination of the optimal method of surgical intervention. The maximum extent of a stabilizing operation can be predicted preoperatively.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Diagnostische und Interventionelle Radiologie und Nuklearmedizin der Ruhr-Universität Bochum im St. Josef-Hospital. robert.drescher@ruhr-uni-bochum.de
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Drescher
authors.forename: T V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Rothenburg
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ludwig
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Köster
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schmid
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001175:Arthrography / Q000379:methods*; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D017746:Joint Capsule; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D000070636:Rotator Cuff Injuries; D012421:Rupture; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012783:Shoulder Dislocation / Q000150:complications; D000070599:Shoulder Injuries; D012785:Shoulder Joint
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA
vernacular_title: Direkte MR-Arthrographie des Schultergelenks mit maximaler Kapseldistension zur OP-Planung.