title: Chemoprevention of prostate cancer in men at high risk: rationale and design of the reduction by dutasteride of prostate cancer events (REDUCE) trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Chemoprevention may significantly impact the natural history of prostate cancer. The most potent intraprostatic androgen, dihydrotestosterone, has a significant role in the pathophysiology of prostate cancer. It represents a biologically plausible target for chemoprevention through the inhibition of 5alpha-reductase isoenzymes.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Reduction by Dutasteride of Prostate Cancer Events clinical trial is an international, multicenter, double-blind, placebo controlled chemoprevention study designed to determine if dutasteride 0.5 mg daily decreases the risk of biopsy detectable prostate cancer. A total of 8,000 men will be randomized to receive dutasteride or placebo for 4 years. Eligible men must be 50 to 75 years old, have a serum prostate specific antigen of 2.5 to 10 ng/ml (ages 50 to 60 years) or 3.0 to 10 ng/ml (older than 60 years). Men must have a negative 6 to 12 core biopsy within 6 months prior to enrollment. Repeat biopsies will be taken at 2 and 4 years. The rates of prostate cancer for each treatment group will be compared. Genetic and protein biomarkers of prostate cancer, and the effect of dutasteride on benign prostatic hyperplasia and prostatitis symptomatology and histopathology will also be assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results remain to be determined.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study will examine the effects of the dual 5alpha-reductase inhibitor dutasteride on the natural history of prostate cancer in men at increased risk for this malignancy. It affords a unique opportunity to examine biomarkers and genetic linkage for prostate cancer, and assess a range of prostate health outcome measures.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urologic Surgery, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA. andrioleg@wustl.edu
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Andriole
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bostwick
authors.forename: Otis
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Brawley
authors.forename: Leonard
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gomella
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marberger
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tindall
authors.forename: Sharon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Breed
authors.forename: Matt
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Somerville
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rittmaster
mesh_terms: D058891:5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors; D000368:Aged; D001378:Azasteroids / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D001706:Biopsy; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D000068538:Dutasteride; D019160:Endosonography; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011472:Prostatitis / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D012306:Risk; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D058891:5-alpha Reductase Inhibitors; D001378:Azasteroids; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen; D000068538:Dutasteride