Red wine polyphenols alone or in association with ethanol prevent hypertension, cardiac hypertrophy, and production of reactive oxygen species in the insulin-resistant fructose-fed rat.
The effects of a red wine polyphenolic extract (RWPE), ethanol, or both combined were evaluated in insulin resistant rats. Rats were fed for 6 weeks with fructose (60%)-enriched food and force-fed with (a) water only (F group), (b) aqueous solution of RWPE (100 mg/kg, FP group), (c) 10% (v/v) mixture of ethanol and water (FE group), or (d) solution containing the same amount of the RWPE and ethanol (FPE group). Animals fed a standard chow (C group) were used for comparison purpose. After 6 weeks, blood pressure was higher in F (130.0 x b1 1.7 mm Hg) than in C animals (109.6 x b1 0.9 mm Hg) and similar to the C group in all other fructose-fed treatment groups. Relative heart weight was higher in F (3.10 x b1 0.05) than in C (2.78 x b1 0.07) and significantly lower in FP (2.92 x b1 0.04) and FPE (2.87 x b1 0.08 mg/g) than in F animals. Left ventricle and aorta productions of reactive oxygen species (O2*-) were higher in F than in C groups and lowered by the RWPE but not by the ethanol treatment. Ethanol but not the RWPE treatment reduced the degree of insulin resistance in the fructose-fed rats. In summary, our study showed that polyphenols are able to prevent cardiac hypertrophy and production of reactive oxygen species in the insulin resistant fructose-fed rat.
Al-Awwadi
Najim A
NA
Laboratoire de Pharmacologie et Physiopathologie Expérimentales, INSERM U376, Faculté de Pharmacie, 15 Avenue Charles Flahault, B.P. 14491, 34093 Montpellier 5, France.
Bornet
Aurélie
A
Azay
Jacqueline
J
Araiz
Caroline
C
Delbosc
Sandrine
S
Cristol
Jean-Paul
JP
Linck
Nathalie
N
Cros
Gérard
G
Teissedre
Pierre-Louis
PL
D000818:Animals; D000838:Anions; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005632:Fructose / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006973:Hypertension / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D010636:Phenols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D059808:Polyphenols; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis*
D000838:Anions; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D005419:Flavonoids; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013481:Superoxides; D005632:Fructose; D000431:Ethanol