title: Identification of a circulating soluble form of CD80: levels in patients with hematological malignancies.
abstract: The release of soluble forms of CD80 provides a potentially powerful mechanism for the modulation of anti-tumor responses. In this report we investigated whether a soluble form of CD80 (sCD80) circulates in vivo and whether levels are altered in patients with hematological malignancies. Circulating sCD80 was detected by ELISA in all normal donor (0.024-0.318 ng/ml) and patient (0.02-3.75 ng/ml) blood analyzed. The majority of acute myeloid leukemia (13/17) and multiple myeloma (11/12) patients had normal sCD80 levels. Significantly elevated levels were detected in chronic lymphocytic leukemia (CLL, P = 0.0001) and mantle cell lymphoma (MCL, P = 0.0002) patients. MCL patients had the highest levels with 8/9 having levels > 0.318 ng/ml. Increased sCD80 levels in CLL were significantly associated with poor prognosis markers such as low platelet (P = 0.01) and hemoglobin (P = 0.002) levels, elevated WBC counts (P = 0.03) and expression of CD38 (P = 0.048). The immunoreactivity of the sCD80 in both normal and patient plasma was inhibited by the presence of CTLA-4-Ig, suggesting sCD80 is functional. Comparison of sCD80 and soluble CD86 levels demonstrated that these molecules were independently elevated in 39% of patients. The finding that a proportion of CLL and the majority of MCL patients contain elevated levels of sCD80 and the demonstration that sCD80 can interact with CTLA-4-Ig suggests a potential role for sCD80 in modulating anti-tumor responses during the malignant process.
authors.affiliation: Haematology Research Group, Christchurch Hospital, New Zealand. barry.hock@chmeds.ac.nz
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Hock
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Starling
authors.forename: W N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Patton
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Salm
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bond
authors.forename: L T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: McArthur
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: McKenzie
mesh_terms: D000069594:Abatacept; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000097:blood; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000378:metabolism; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D019337:Hematologic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D018796:Immunoconjugates / Q000378:metabolism; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D020522:Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; C497964:CD86 protein, human; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human; D018796:Immunoconjugates; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D000069594:Abatacept