title: Standard addition method applied to solid-state stripping voltammetry: determination of zirconium in minerals and ceramic materials.
abstract: An application of the standard addition method to stripping voltammetry of solid materials immobilized in inert electrodes is described. The method allows the determination of the mass fraction of a depositable metal M in a material on addition of known amounts of a standard material containing M to a mixture of that material and a reference compound of a second depositable metal, R. After a reductive deposition step, voltammograms recorded for those modified electrodes immersed in a suitable electrolyte produce stripping peaks for the oxidation of the deposits of M and R. If no intermetallic effects appear the quotients between the peak areas and the peak currents for the stripping oxidation of M and R vary linearly with the mass ratio of the added standard and the reference compound, thus providing an electrochemical method for determining the amount of M in the sample. The method has been applied to the determination of Zr in minerals, ceramic frits, and pigments, using ZnO as reference material and ZrO(2) as the standard.
authors.affiliation: Departament de Química Analítica, Universitat de València, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot (València), Spain. antonio.domenech@uv.es
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Doménech-Carbó
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moya-Moreno
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Doménech-Carbó
mesh_terms: D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000592:standards; D002138:Calibration; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000592:standards*; D004566:Electrodes; D008903:Minerals / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000592:standards; D012015:Reference Standards; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015034:Zinc Oxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000592:standards; D015040:Zirconium / Q000032:analysis* / Q000592:standards
chemical_list: D008903:Minerals; D015040:Zirconium; D000537:Aluminum Oxide; D015034:Zinc Oxide