title: Propofol and midazolam inhibit gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit in mice.
abstract: We studied the effect of propofol and midazolam on gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit in mice. Ten minutes after intraperitoneal injection of propofol or midazolam, 0.2 mL of saline containing fluorescent microbeads was infused into the stomach. Thirty minutes later, the gastrointestinal tract was excised, and gastric emptying and gastrointestinal transit were calculated by measuring the quantity of fluorescent microbeads in the gastrointestinal tract by using a flow cytometer. At a dose that produced a light level of sedation (mice righted themselves within 2 s), both drugs significantly, but weakly, inhibited gastric emptying to a similar degree (propofol: P < 0.001 versus control value; 95% confidence interval [CI] for difference, 4.9%-20.2%; midazolam: P < 0.001 versus control value; 95% CI for difference, 7.8%-14.7%). Midazolam, but not propofol, delayed gastrointestinal transit (P < 0.001). At a larger dose that produced a deeper level of sedation (absence of righting reflex >10 s), both drugs significantly inhibited gastric emptying (propofol: P < 0.001; 95% CI for difference, 31.4%-61.2%; midazolam: P < 0.001; 95% CI for difference, 30.8%-61.1%) and gastrointestinal transit (P < 0.001 for both drugs).
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Takefumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inada
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asai
authors.forename: Makiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Koh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shingu
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D003864:Depression, Chemical; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000187:drug effects*; D005772:Gastrointestinal Transit / Q000187:drug effects*; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008863:Microspheres; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D008874:Midazolam; D015742:Propofol