Insulin and its evolving partnership with leptin in the hypothalamic control of energy homeostasis.
Despite an alarming increase in the burden of obesity worldwide, body adiposity seems to be a regulated physiological variable. Regulation of adiposity occurs through a classical endocrine feedback loop, in which the pancreatic beta-cell-derived hormone insulin and the adipocyte-derived hormone leptin signal the status of body energy stores to the hypothalamus. Recent advances in our understanding of the signal transduction mechanisms used by insulin and leptin in the hypothalamus to modulate neuronal firing suggest that intracellular cross-talk occurs at several levels and is a potentially important determinant of regulated body weight. These pathways are thus an attractive target for pharmacological intervention in the treatment of obesity.
Niswender
Kevin D
KD
Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, 722 Preston Research Building, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, 2220 Pierce Avenue, Nashville, TN 37232-6303, USA. kevin.niswender@vanderbilt.edu
Baskin
Denis G
DG
Schwartz
Michael W
MW
D000818:Animals; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000502:physiology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000502:physiology*; D020738:Leptin / Q000502:physiology*
D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin