Defining T-cell-mediated immune responses in rotavirus-infected juvenile rhesus macaques.
The appearance of virus-specific CD4(+) and/or CD8(+) T lymphocytes in peripheral blood of captive juvenile rhesus macaques (Macaca mulatta) was observed following rotavirus infection. These cell-mediated immune responses were measured following experimental or natural infection after rotavirus was isolated from stool specimens of asymptomatic animals. The virus isolated was a new strain of simian rotavirus that we named TUCH (for Tulane University and Cincinnati Children's Hospital). Restimulation of peripheral T lymphocytes by inactivated double- or triple-layered TUCH rotavirus particles containing either VP6 or VP4 and VP7 on their respective surfaces resulted in increased quantities of interleukin-6 (IL-6) and IL-12 in cell culture supernatants. Recall responses to rotavirus by CD4(+) and CD8(+) T lymphocytes were associated with accumulation of intracellular IL-6 and gamma interferon. Antigen presentation of TUCH rotavirus to lymphocytes was mediated via differentiated cultures of monocyte-derived dendritic (HLA-DR(+)) cells. This is the first report demonstrating cell-mediated immune responses to rotavirus in nonhuman primates. Further exploration of rhesus macaques in vaccine trials with human rotavirus vaccine candidates is the major objective of future studies.
Sestak
K
K
Division of Microbiology and Immunology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, 18703 Three Rivers Rd., Covington, LA 70433, USA. ksestak@tulane.edu
McNeal
M M
MM
Choi
A
A
Cole
M J
MJ
Ramesh
G
G
Alvarez
X
X
Aye
P P
PP
Bohm
R P
RP
Mohamadzadeh
M
M
Ward
R L
RL
D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000378:metabolism; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
D000956:Antigens, Viral; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D015850:Interleukin-6; C060339:VP4 protein, Rotavirus; C061332:VP6 protein, Rotavirus; C050779:VP7 protein, Rotavirus; D018664:Interleukin-12; D007371:Interferon-gamma