title: Taxonomic variation in the Mycobacterium fortuitum third biovariant complex: description of Mycobacterium boenickei sp. nov., Mycobacterium houstonense sp. nov., Mycobacterium neworleansense sp. nov. and Mycobacterium brisbanense sp. nov. and recognition of Mycobacterium porcinum from human clinical isolates.
abstract: The Mycobacterium fortuitum third biovariant complex (sorbitol-negative and sorbitol-positive) contains unnamed taxa first characterized in 1991. These organisms can cause respiratory infections, a spectrum of soft tissue and skeletal infections, bacteraemia and disseminated disease. To evaluate this group of organisms, clinical reference isolates and the type strains of M. fortuitum third biovariant complex sorbitol-negative (n = 21), M. fortuitum third biovariant complex sorbitol-positive (n = 3), M. fortuitum (n = 3), Mycobacterium peregrinum (pipemidic acid-susceptible) (n = 1), Mycobacterium porcinum (n = 1), Mycobacterium senegalense (n = 2) and Mycobacterium septicum (n = 1) were characterized by using conventional phenotypic (morphological, physiological and antimicrobial susceptibilities), chemotaxonomic (HPLC and cellular fatty acids) and genotypic [RFLP of the rRNA gene (ribotyping), PCR-RFLP of a 439 bp segment of the 65 kDa hsp gene (PCR restriction analysis) and 16S rRNA gene sequence] analysis, DNA G + C content and DNA-DNA relatedness analyses. The results of these studies indicated that the strains comprised M. porcinum (n = 13), M. septicum (n = 1) and four novel closely related genetic groups within the M. fortuitum third biovariant complex: Mycobacterium boenickei sp. nov. (n = 6), Mycobacterium houstonense sp. nov. (n = 2), Mycobacterium neworleansense sp. nov. (n = 1) and Mycobacterium brisbanense sp. nov. (n = 1), with type strains ATCC 49935T (= W5998T = DSM 44677T), ATCC 49403T (= W5198T = DSM 44676T) ATCC 49404T (= W6705T = DSM 44679T) and ATCC 49938T (= W6743T = DSM 44680T), respectively.
authors.affiliation: Washington University, School of Medicine, Barnes-Jewish Hospital, St Louis, MO 63110, USA.|Meningitis and Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
authors.forename: Mark F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Schinsky
authors.affiliation: Meningitis and Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
authors.forename: Roger E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Morey
authors.affiliation: Meningitis and Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
authors.forename: Arnold G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Steigerwalt
authors.affiliation: Meningitis and Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Douglas
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Health Center at Tyler, 11937 US Hwy 271, Tyler, TX 75708-3154, USA.|Center for Pulmonary and Infectious Disease Control, University of Texas Health Center at Tyler, 11937 US Hwy 271, Tyler, TX 75708-3154, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.affiliation: Tuberculosis/Mycobacteriology Branch, Division of AIDS, STD and TB Laboratory Research, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
authors.forename: Margaret M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Floyd
authors.affiliation: Tuberculosis/Mycobacteriology Branch, Division of AIDS, STD and TB Laboratory Research, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
authors.forename: W Ray
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Butler
authors.affiliation: Meningitis and Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
authors.forename: Maryam I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Daneshvar
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Health Center at Tyler, 11937 US Hwy 271, Tyler, TX 75708-3154, USA.|Center for Pulmonary and Infectious Disease Control, University of Texas Health Center at Tyler, 11937 US Hwy 271, Tyler, TX 75708-3154, USA.
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Brown-Elliott
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Texas Health Center at Tyler, 11937 US Hwy 271, Tyler, TX 75708-3154, USA.|Center for Pulmonary and Infectious Disease Control, University of Texas Health Center at Tyler, 11937 US Hwy 271, Tyler, TX 75708-3154, USA.
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.affiliation: Meningitis and Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
authors.forename: Michael M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: McNeil
authors.affiliation: Meningitis and Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
authors.forename: Don J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Brenner
authors.affiliation: Meningitis and Special Pathogens Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
authors.forename: June M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D018834:Chaperonin 60 / Q000235:genetics; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D020459:Genes, rRNA / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000382:microbiology*; D019907:Mycobacterium fortuitum / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D009171:Mycolic Acids / Q000032:analysis; D009170:Nontuberculous Mycobacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010802:Phylogeny; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D021521:Ribotyping; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D018834:Chaperonin 60; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D009171:Mycolic Acids; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S