title: A concept of operations for contingency medical care on the International Space Station.
abstract: The U.S.-based health care system of the International Space Station (ISS) provides the resources to care for an in-flight medical contingency. The current system was designed for use in conjunction with a return vehicle possessing medical capabilities that would allow rapid and safe transport of an ill or injured crew member to a terrestrial medical facility. Because plans for such a vehicle have been indefinitely delayed, a mismatch has been created between the limited onboard medical capabilities and the current mission profile. This has driven the medical concept of operations to one in which as many medical conditions as possible must be treated on orbit, with return to Earth delayed or avoided. This article describes this proposed new plan, the implementation of which will require numerous changes to the medical system, including modifications to training practices, treatment guidelines, diagnostic and therapeutic resources, and informatics.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine and Community Health, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
authors.forename: Kira
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bacal
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: Norman E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: McSwain
mesh_terms: D000337:Aerospace Medicine / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D003422:Critical Care / Q000592:standards*; D004638:Emergency Treatment / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D010348:Patient Care Team; D012426:Russia; D013026:Space Flight; D013997:Time Factors; D014187:Transportation of Patients; D014481:United States; D018557:United States National Aeronautics and Space Administration