title: Allograft tolerance induced by donor apoptotic lymphocytes requires phagocytosis in the recipient.
abstract: Cell death through apoptosis plays a critical role in regulating cellular homeostasis. Whether the disposal of apoptotic cells through phagocytosis can actively induce immune tolerance in vivo, however, remains controversial. Here, we report in a rat model that without using immunosuppressants, transfusion of apoptotic splenocytes from the donor strain prior to transplant dramatically prolonged survival of heart allografts. Histological analysis verified that rejection signs were significantly ameliorated. Splenocytes from rats transfused with donor apoptotic cells showed a dramatically decreased response to donor lymphocyte stimulation. Most importantly, blockade of phagocytosis in vivo, either with gadolinium chloride to disrupt phagocyte function or with annexin V to block binding of exposed phosphotidylserine to its receptor on phagocytes, abolished the beneficial effect of transfused apoptotic cells on heart allograft survival. Our results demonstrate that donor apoptotic cells promote specific allograft acceptance and that phagocytosis of apoptotic cells in vivo plays a crucial role in maintaining immune tolerance.
authors.affiliation: Transplantation Department, Zhujiang Hospital, Guangzhou 510282, China.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: A I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017304:Annexin A5 / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000276:immunology*; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000494:pharmacology; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000276:immunology*; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000276:immunology; D017710:Lymphocyte Transfusion / Q000379:methods*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000276:immunology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D023001:Transplantation Tolerance / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D017304:Annexin A5; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C408123:phosphatidylserine receptor; D005682:Gadolinium; C038958:gadolinium chloride