title: Contralateral effect of amitriptyline and bupivacaine for sciatic nerve block in an animal model of inflammation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Using a carrageenan inflammation rat model, we evaluated two experimental approaches to prolong sciatic nerve block on contralateral hyperalgesia. Method. We performed ipsilateral sciatic nerve block on the inflamed hind paw with bupivacaine-loaded microspheres suspended in dexamethasone (bupivacaine 12.5 mg) and with amitriptyline (6.25 and 12.5 mg) as ultralong-acting local anaesthetics. Bupivacaine (1.25 mg) was used as long-acting local anaesthetic and saline was used as a control. The sixth group received amitriptyline 6.25 mg intraperitoneally (n=10 for each group).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The duration of ipsilateral nerve block was 2 h for bupivacaine, 7 h for amitriptyline 6.25 mg, 11 h for amitriptyline 12.5 mg and 21 h for bupivacaine-loaded microspheres in suspension with dexamethasone. Whereas contralateral hyperalgesia was not observed during block produced by bupivacaine-loaded microspheres, contralateral hyperalgesia was observed with sciatic nerve block using amitriptyline.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Because of the differential effect observed on the contralateral side, the mechanism underlying the prolongation of ipsilateral block with amitriptyline may not result only from a prolonged Na(+) channel blockade but might be explained by a local toxic effect or lack of systemic actions.
authors.affiliation: Service d'Anesthésie Réanimation Chirurgicale 2, Laboratoire Optimisation Biopharmaceutique par modulation des passages transmembranaire and Laboratoire GRETAC, University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France. jean-pierre.estebe@chu-rennes.fr
authors.forename: J-P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Estebe
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Gentili
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Le Corre
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Leduc
authors.forename: J-P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Moulinoux
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ecoffey
mesh_terms: D000639:Amitriptyline; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000818:Animals; D002045:Bupivacaine; D002351:Carrageenan; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006930:Hyperalgesia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008863:Microspheres; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012584:Sciatic Nerve
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000639:Amitriptyline; D002351:Carrageenan; D002045:Bupivacaine