title: Distribution of sickness absence in the European Union countries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the sickness absence frequency in European Union (EU) countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sickness absence was measured by questionnaire using the Third European Survey on Working Conditions. Employees were considered to have sickness absence if they reported to be absent at least one day in the past 12 months because of an accident at work, work related problems, or by other health problems.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sickness absence percentages were lower in Southern European countries compared with Central and Northern European countries, and, in general, slightly higher in men than in women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first description of sickness absence in each of the 15 EU countries. Examination of the sickness absence patterning between EU countries could indicate countries where important lessons to reduce sickness absence are to be learned and diffused across the EU.
authors.affiliation: Occupational Health Research Unit, Department of Experimental Sciences and Health, Universitat Pompeu Fabra, Barcelona, Catalonia, Spain. dgimeno@sph.uth.tmc.edu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gimeno
authors.forename: F G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Benavides
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Benach
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Amick
mesh_terms: D000041:Absenteeism; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005062:European Union / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018582:Sick Leave / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*