title: The complete genome sequence of Bacillus licheniformis DSM13, an organism with great industrial potential.
abstract: The genome of Bacillus licheniformis DSM13 consists of a single chromosome that has a size of 4,222,748 base pairs. The average G+C ratio is 46.2%. 4,286 open reading frames, 72 tRNA genes, 7 rRNA operons and 20 transposase genes were identified. The genome shows a marked co-linearity with Bacillus subtilis but contains defined inserted regions that can be identified at the sequence as well as at the functional level. B. licheniformis DSM13 has a well-conserved secretory system, no polyketide biosynthesis, but is able to form the lipopeptide lichenysin. From the further analysis of the genome sequence, we identified conserved regulatory DNA motives, the occurrence of the glyoxylate bypass and the presence of anaerobic ribonucleotide reductase explaining that B. licheniformis is able to grow on acetate and 2,3-butanediol as well as anaerobically on glucose. Many new genes of potential interest for biotechnological applications were found in B. licheniformis; candidates include proteases, pectate lyases, lipases and various polysaccharide degrading enzymes.
authors.affiliation: Göttingen Genomics Laboratory and Competence Centre for Genome Research on Bacteria, Institute of Microbiology and Genetics, University of Göttingen, Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Veith
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Herzberg
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Steckel
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feesche
authors.forename: Karl Heinz
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Maurer
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ehrenreich
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bäumer
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Henne
authors.forename: Heiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liesegang
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Merkl
authors.forename: Armin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ehrenreich
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gottschalk
mesh_terms: D001407:Bacillus / Q000235:genetics*; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000235:genetics; D001482:Base Composition; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000235:genetics; D002876:Chromosomes, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry*; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics; D005798:Genes, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D023281:Genomics; D006038:Glyoxylates / Q000378:metabolism; D008049:Lipase / Q000235:genetics; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D008660:Metabolism / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000235:genetics; D011133:Polysaccharide-Lyases / Q000235:genetics; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000235:genetics; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D012264:Ribonucleotide Reductases / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D026801:Synteny; D019895:Transposases / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D006038:Glyoxylates; D008074:Lipoproteins; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; C094325:lichenysin A; D012343:RNA, Transfer; D012264:Ribonucleotide Reductases; C101141:anaerobic ribonucleotide reductase; D019895:Transposases; D008049:Lipase; D010450:Endopeptidases; D011133:Polysaccharide-Lyases; C023911:pectate lyase; C031150:glyoxylic acid