title: Religiosity, alcohol expectancies, drinking motives and their interaction in the prediction of drinking among college students.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several different mechanisms have been proposed to account for the consistent but moderate inverse relationship between religiosity and drinking, ranging from the direct proscriptions against alcohol in various faiths to social learning based on parental upbringing. Alcohol expectancies and drinking motives may be more proximal cognitive mechanisms that influence this relationship.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present study, using 265 college undergraduates, gathered self-report data using the Comprehensive Effects of Alcohol questionnaire, the Drinking Motives Questionnaire-Revised and the Religious Orientation Scale-Revised.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of religiosity measures, intrinsic religiosity most closely related to quantity of alcohol consumption. Participants in conservative religious denominations had higher negative expectancies and lower drinking motives. Several positive and negative expectancies as well as drinking motives partially mediated the relationship between intrinsic religiosity and alcohol consumption.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that individuals' religious beliefs have influences on their alcohol consumption through several separate mechanisms. Religiosity may have direct effects that reduce drinking, as well as indirect effects via expectancies and motivations to drink. Negative expectancies, in particular, may serve as a buffer to promote abstinence and to reduce drinking in individuals with greater religiosity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Grand Valley State University, 2224 ASH, 1 Campus Drive, Allendale, Michigan 49401, USA. galenl@gvsu.edu
authors.forename: Luke W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Galen
authors.forename: William M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Rogers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012067:Religion; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014495:Universities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*