title: Emergent treatment of acute embolic superior mesenteric ischemia with combination of thrombolysis and angioplasty: report of two cases.
abstract: We successfully revascularized the acutely occluded superior mesenteric artery (SMA), caused by a thromboembolus, with a combination of thrombolysis and percutaneous transluminal angioplasty (PTA) in 2 patients. Considerable percent luminal reduction (>90%) was still observed after thrombolysis in both patients. Subsequent adjunctive balloon angioplasty produced sufficient luminal diameter of the SMA (<20% luminal reduction). No serious acute procedural complication occurred. The time from onset to partial reperfusion by thrombolysis was approximately 4.5 and 5.5 hours. Approximately 1 week after the combination therapy, colonoscopy and a small bowel radiocontrast series showed localized mucosal ischemia with mild erosions and ulcerations in the terminal ileum and ascending colon in 1 patient. Subsequent bowel resection was required but the resection was short (<20 cm). The other patient's bowel condition was good and did not require any surgical treatment. The present cases suggest that combination therapy is useful for achieving rapid and sufficient revascularization of acute proximal thromboembolic SMA occlusion, and prevents the considerably broad bowel necrosis that requires surgical bowel resection, resulting in short bowel syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Tsuyama Central Hospital, Kawasaki, Japan. alpha-1@dd.iij4u.or.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wakabayashi
authors.forename: Tsuyoki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shiode
authors.forename: Michihiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurose
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moritani
authors.forename: Shigeatsu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujiki
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Shozo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kusachi
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004638:Emergency Treatment; D005260:Female; D006493:Heparin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D017538:Mesenteric Artery, Superior; D008641:Mesenteric Vascular Occlusion / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D013923:Thromboembolism / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy; D014859:Warfarin / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D014859:Warfarin; D006493:Heparin