The effect of raw full-fat soybean and its lectin on the nutrition and pigmentation of broilers.
This study was aimed at determining the effect of raw full-fat soybean in the digestion/absorption of broilers and to evaluate the role of soybean agglutinin (SBA) in the pathogenesis of the runting and stunting syndrome of broilers. Six broiler groups were fed with six experimental diets for 42 days in which the defatted soybean meal of the basal diet was substituted with increasing raw full-fat soybean percentages ranging from 0 to 100%. The results suggested that SBA included in the raw full-fat soybean can play a role in the pathogenesis of the runting and stunting syndrome in broilers since binding and incorporation of SBA to enterocytes were associated with hyperplasia and dysplasia of the intestinal epithelium, as suggested by the progressive increases (P < 0.001) of mitosis/crypt in the duodenum and in the midintestine, as well as by intestinal villi atrophy (P < 0.001) in the duodenum and the midintestine. Indigestion and malabsorption of proteins induced progressive low weight gain (P < 0.001) up to 50% with 100% of raw full-fat soybean in the diet at 42 days. Xanthophylls in serum and skin yellowness were enhanced linearly in the broilers fed 42 days with increasing percentages of raw full-fat soybean in the diet. Increased xanthophylls absorption and decreased protein absorption can be caused by pathological changes in the epithelial intestine triggered by SBA binding and internalization.
Casaubon-Huguenin
Maria Teresa
MT
Departamentos de Producción Animal: Aves, Facultad de Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510, Mexico. casaubon@servidor.unam.mx
Avila-González
Ernesto
E
Vazquez-Pelaez
Carlos
C
Trigo
Francisco
F
Lascurain
Ricardo
R
Zenteno
Edgar
E
D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D007422:Intestines / Q000473:pathology; D008460:Meat; D010858:Pigmentation; D037121:Plant Lectins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D030262:Soybean Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D013025:Glycine max / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins
D004041:Dietary Fats; D037121:Plant Lectins; D030262:Soybean Proteins; C028824:soybean lectin; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins