title: Prospective pulmonary function comparison of open versus endoscopic anterior fusion combined with posterior fusion in adolescent idiopathic scoliosis.
abstract: METHODS
  Prospective clinical study.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate pulmonary function tests at a minimum 2-year follow-up in patients with adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS) undergoing either an endoscopic versus open anterior fusion along with posterior segmental fixation and fusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 21 patients with AIS underwent a video-assisted thoracoscopic (VAT group) release/fusion followed by a posterior spinal fusion (PSF) and segmental spinal fixation were compared to 16 patients who underwent an open thoracotomy (Open group) followed by a PSF. The mean preoperative thoracic Cobb was 70 degrees in the VAT group versus 75 degrees in the Open group. All patients had preoperative and a minimum 2-year postoperative pulmonary function tests consisting of forced vital capacity (FVC) forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV-1).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average thoracic Cobb correction was to 27 degrees (61%) in the VAT group versus 36 degrees (52%) in the Open group. Preoperative and 2-year postoperative FVC in the VAT group averaged 2.48 L and 2.85 L, respectively (P = 0.006). The Open group corresponding results were 1.97 L and 2.43 L, respectively (P = 0.001). Preoperative and minimum 2-year postoperative FEV-1 in the VAT group averaged 2.06 L and 2.37 L, respectively (P = 0.005). Values for the Open group were 1.65 L and 2.08 L, respectively (P = 0.001). Although both groups had pulmonary function test parameters that were statistically improved postoperative versus preoperative, there were no significant differences comparing the VAT group to the Open group (P > 0.05)
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VAT versus Open release/anterior fusion in association with a PSF for select AIS curves requiring circumferential treatment both demonstrated similar radiographic and pulmonary function test improvement at 2 years postoperative, with no significant differences seen between the groups.
authors.affiliation: Washington University School of Medicine, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA. lenkel@wustl.edu
authors.forename: Lawrence G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Lenke
authors.forename: Peter O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Newton
authors.forename: Michelle C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Marks
authors.forename: Kathy M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Blanke
authors.forename: Brenda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sides
authors.forename: Yongjung J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Keith H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Bridwell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000886:Anthropometry; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011859:Radiography; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D020775:Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000601:surgery; D013908:Thoracotomy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014797:Vital Capacity