title: Long-term treatment of refractory posterior uveitis with anti-TNFalpha (infliximab).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the long-term efficacy and safety of infliximab as treatment for noninfectious posterior uveitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  An open-label clinical trial including seven patients (12 eyes) with posterior uveitis refractory to conventional treatment regimens with corticosteroids and at least one immunosuppressive agent. Three intravenous doses of 5 mg/kg of infliximab were administered at weeks 0, 2, and 6. Infliximab infusion was repeated in patients undergoing a relapse of uveitis after initial remission. Improvement was defined as amelioration of visual acuity or disappearance of retinal exudates and/or haemorrhages, decreased macular oedema and/or vitreous opacities. All patients were followed up for at least 36 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six of the seven patients (five diagnosed with Behçet's disease and one diagnosed with sarcoidosis) showed a significant improvement after the first infliximab dose. Only in one patient diagnosed with chronic idiopathic multifocal choroiditis did the drug have no effect, and this patient was withdrawn from the study. At the end of follow-up, one eye had lost one line of vision and three eyes showed improved vision. All eyes had improved in terms of signs of inflammation. No adverse effects of treatment were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Infliximab is efficient and safe for the long-term management of refractory posterior uveitis, especially in patients with predominant retinal vasculitis and vitritis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Instituto de Investigaciones Oftalmológicas Ramón Castroviejo, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Benitez-del-Castillo
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Martinez-de-la-Casa
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pato-Cour
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Méndez-Fernández
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: López-Abad
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matilla
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garcia-Sanchez
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001528:Behcet Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069285:Infliximab; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D015866:Uveitis, Posterior / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000069285:Infliximab