Alkaloids from Leucojum vernum and antiretroviral activity of Amaryllidaceae alkaloids.
Three alkaloids, lycorine, homolycorine and 2- O-acetyllycorine, were isolated from the bulbs of Leucojum vernum (Amaryllidaceae) and identified by means of NMR analysis. The alkaloids obtained from L. vernum and from other Amaryllidaceae species were studied in vitro for HIV-1 replication inhibitory activity on MT4 cells. The cytotoxicity of the compounds in uninfected cells was evaluated by using the MTT assay and the [ (3)H]thymidine incorporation test. The antiviral activities were determined by means of the p24 antigen assay and solid-phase reverse transcriptase testing. The results demonstrate that trisphaeridine, lycorine, homolycorine, and haemanthamine possess high antiretroviral activities (IC (50) = 0.4 - 7.3 microg/mL), accompanied by low therapeutic indices (TI (50) = 1.3 - 1.9).
Szlávik
László
L
Johan Béla National Centre for Epidemiology, Microbiological Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.
Gyuris
Agnes
A
Minárovits
János
J
Forgo
Peter
P
Molnár
József
J
Hohmann
Judit
J
D000470:Alkaloids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D019668:Liliaceae; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000470:Alkaloids; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts