title: Activation by inflammatory stimuli increases neutrophil binding of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 and subsequent infection of lymphocytes.
abstract: Resting neutrophils bind human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and efficiently transfer infection to lymphocytes. The present study shows that a brief activation by inflammatory stimuli increases the neutrophil binding levels of both R5 and X4 isolates of HIV-1 at least twofold. The binding occurs independently of CD4, gp120, and incubation temperature and is observed with HIV-1 propagated either in lymphocytes or in HEK293 cells. Significantly, HIV-1 bound to the activated neutrophils accelerates the infection of activated lymphocytes compared to free HIV-1 or to HIV-1 bound to resting neutrophils. It is proposed that these events may contribute to the increased risk of HIV-1 transmission at sites of mucosal infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology/Microbiology, Rush University Medical Center, 1653 W. Congress Pkwy., Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
authors.forename: Ali M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Gabali
authors.forename: Joshua J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Anzinger
authors.forename: Gregory T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Spear
authors.forename: Larry L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Thomas
mesh_terms: D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000378:metabolism; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000276:immunology; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000276:immunology; D018375:Neutrophil Activation; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins / Q000276:immunology; D015728:Receptors, HIV / Q000378:metabolism; D013696:Temperature; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D015704:CD4 Antigens; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins; D015728:Receptors, HIV; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine