title: Nitric oxide synthase expression in the splanchnic hyposensitivity to glypressin of a hemorrhage-transfused rat model with portal hypertension.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nitric oxide (NO) has been proposed to participate in the vascular hyporesponsiveness to vasopressin and its long-acting analogue glypressin during hemorrhage in portal hypertensive states. This study surveyed the role of NO regarding splanchnic hyporeactivity to glypressin and NO synthases (NOS) expression in different vascular beds in bleeding portal-hypertensive rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Under general anesthesia with ketamine, partially portal vein-ligated male Sprague-Dawley rats without or with bleeding were used to investigate the hemodynamic effects of glypressin (0.07 mg/kg intravenously) and constitutive (cNOS) and inducible NOS (iNOS) mRNA expression over the abdominal aorta and superior mesenteric artery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Splanchnic hyposensitivity to glypressin was noted in the hemorrhage-transfused rats with enhanced cNOS expression of superior mesenteric artery. No significant differences of cNOS and iNOS expression in abdominal aorta and iNOS in superior mesenteric artery were found between the with-bleeding and without-bleeding groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In rats with portal hypertension and acute hemorrhage, cNOS over-expression in superior mesenteric artery may take a part in the splanchnic hyposensitivity to glypressin.
authors.affiliation: Divisions of Gastroenterology National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Hui-Chun
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yi-Chou
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Sun-Sang
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Che-Chang
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Fa-Yauh
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Full-Young
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Han-Chieh
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Ming-Chih
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Hou
authors.forename: Rei-Hwa
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Shwu-Ling
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Shou-Dong
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D006975:Hypertension, Portal / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D008236:Lypressin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000077585:Terlipressin
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D008236:Lypressin; D000077585:Terlipressin; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat; C496316:Nos3 protein, rat