title: Concerns of family members of patients receiving palliative sedation therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Symptomatic sedation is often required in terminally ill cancer patients and could cause significant distress to their families. The aim of this study was to gather vivid family descriptions about their experiences in palliative sedation therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  This report is an additional analysis of a multicenter questionnaire survey. We performed content analysis on 48 statements described by 185 bereaved family members of patients who received palliative sedation therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Family members reported guilt, helplessness, and physical and emotional exhaustion when patients received palliative sedation therapy. They were concerned about whether sedated patients experienced distress, wished to know that the maximum efforts had been made, wished to prepare for patient death, wished to tell important things to patients before sedation, wished to understand patients' suffering, and wanted medical professionals to treat patients with dignity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To alleviate family distress, clinicians should understand families' emotional distress, ensure that unconscious patients feel no distress, reassure family members that the symptoms are truly refractory despite maximum efforts for symptom relief, give information and coordinate the situation to enable families to prepare for patient death and to tell important things to patients before sedation, help families to share patients' suffering, and treat patients the same as when they remained conscious.
authors.affiliation: Palliative Care Team and Seirei Hospice, Seirei Mikatabara Hospital, 3453 Mikatabara-cho, 433-8558 Hamamatsu, Shizuoka, Japan. seireihc@jt6.so-net.ne.jp
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikenaga
authors.forename: Isamu
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Itaru
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Narabayashi
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kizawa
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Honke
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kohara
authors.forename: Taketo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mukaiyama
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akechi
authors.forename: Yukie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kurihara
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uchitomi
mesh_terms: D001601:Bereavement; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods*; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010166:Palliative Care; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D019452:Terminally Ill
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives