title: Accidental left ventricular placement of a defibrillator probe due to a patent foramen ovale in arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia.
abstract: Arrhythmogenic right ventricular dysplasia (ARVD) is a heart muscle disease characterized pathologically by fibrofatty replacement of right ventricular myocardium. It is further characterized by an electrical instability that precipitates ventricular arrhythmias and sudden death. The prevalence is estimated at 0.4% depending on geographic circumstances. The incidence of sudden death in patients with ARVD is approximately 2.5% a year. The disease is often familial with an autosomal inheritance. We report a case of a 35-year-old woman with ARVD and a patent foramen ovale discovered after accidental placement of the defibrillator probe in the left ventricle. To avoid malpositioning of a defibrillator probe postoperative control should be performed using different diagnostic modalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology and Pneumology, University of Goettingen, Germany. hagenah@med.uni-goettingen.de
authors.forename: Gerrit
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hagenah
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Andreas
authors.forename: Stavros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Konstantinides
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019571:Arrhythmogenic Right Ventricular Dysplasia / Q000628:therapy*; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D004452:Echocardiography; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000628:therapy*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional