Transmission cycles, host range, evolution and emergence of arboviral disease.
Many pandemics have been attributed to the ability of some RNA viruses to change their host range to include humans. Here, we review the mechanisms of disease emergence that are related to the host-range specificity of selected mosquito-borne alphaviruses and flaviviruses. We discuss viruses of medical importance, including Venezuelan equine and Japanese encephalitis viruses, dengue viruses and West Nile viruses.
Weaver
Scott C
SC
Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Center for Biodefense and Emerging Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas 77555-0609, USA. sweaver@utmb.edu
Barrett
Alan D T
AD
D000524:Alphavirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D000818:Animals; D001102:Arbovirus Infections / Q000209:etiology* / Q000635:transmission; D001103:Arboviruses / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D005075:Biological Evolution; D003715:Dengue / Q000209:etiology / Q000635:transmission; D003716:Dengue Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D004664:Encephalitis Virus, Japanese / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D004666:Encephalitis Virus, Venezuelan Equine / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D004672:Encephalitis, Japanese / Q000209:etiology / Q000635:transmission; D004685:Encephalomyelitis, Venezuelan Equine / Q000209:etiology / Q000635:transmission; D005416:Flavivirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D010802:Phylogeny; D014901:West Nile Fever / Q000209:etiology / Q000635:transmission; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity