title: Functional recovery of stroke rats induced by granulocyte colony-stimulating factor-stimulated stem cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Stroke is a leading cause of death and disability worldwide; however, no effective treatment currently exists.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rats receiving subcutaneous granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) showed less cerebral infarction, as evaluated by MRI, and improved motor performance after right middle cerebral artery ligation than vehicle-treated control rats. Subcutaneous administration of G-CSF enhanced the availability of circulating hematopoietic stem cells to the brain and their capacity for neurogenesis and angiogenesis in rats with cerebral ischemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  G-CSF induced increases in bone marrow cell mobilization and targeting to the brain, reducing the volume of cerebral infarction and improving neural plasticity and vascularization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Neuro-Medical Scientific Center, Tzu-Chi Buddhist General Hospital, Tzu-Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Woei-Cherng
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Shyu
authors.forename: Shinn-Zong
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Hui-I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yi-Shiuan
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Tzeng
authors.forename: Cheng-Yoong
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: Pao-Sheng
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.forename: Hung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division; D019070:Cell Lineage; D004261:DNA Replication; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019416:Head Movements; D019650:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D020244:Infarction, Middle Cerebral Artery / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008124:Locomotion; D008297:Male; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020127:Recovery of Function; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C486264:Cxcr4 protein, rat; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor