Temporal expression changes during differentiation of neural stem cells derived from mouse embryonic stem cell.
Temporal analysis in gene expression during differentiation of neural stem cells (NSCs) was performed by using in-house microarrays composed of 10,368 genes. The changes in mRNA level were measured during differentiation day 1, 2, 3, 6, 12, and 15. Out of 10,368 genes analyzed, 259 genes were up-regulated or down-regulated by 2-fold or more at least at one time-point during differentiation, and were classified into six clusters based on their expression patterns by K-means clustering. Clusters characterized by gradual increase have large numbers of genes involved in transport and cell adhesion; those which showed gradual decrease have much of genes in nucleic acid metabolism, cell cycle, transcription factor, and RNA processing. In situ hybridization (ISH) validated microarray data and it also showed that Fox M1, cyclin D2, and CDK4 were highly expressed in CNS germinal zones and ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase/phosphodiesterase 2 (Enpp2) was highly expressed in choroid plexus where stem/progenitor cells are possibly located. Together, this clustering analysis of expression patterns of functionally classified genes may give insight into understanding of CNS development and mechanisms of NSCs proliferation and differentiation.
Ahn
Joon-Ik
JI
Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, South Korea.
Lee
Ki-Hwan
KH
Shin
Dong-Mi
DM
Shim
Jae-Won
JW
Kim
Chang-Mee
CM
Kim
Hyun
H
Lee
Sang-Hun
SH
Lee
Yong-Sung
YS
D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D002831:Choroid Plexus / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D056742:Cyclin D2; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D016213:Cyclins / Q000378:metabolism; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000378:metabolism; D000072278:Forkhead Box Protein M1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D051379:Mice; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
C486196:Ccnd2 protein, mouse; D056742:Cyclin D2; D016213:Cyclins; D000072278:Forkhead Box Protein M1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C491524:Foxm1 protein, mouse; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C495902:Cdk4 protein, mouse; D051358:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 4; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases