title: Bacillus subtilis ResD induces expression of the potential regulatory genes yclJK upon oxygen limitation.
abstract: Transcription of the yclJK operon, which encodes a potential two-component regulatory system, is activated in response to oxygen limitation in Bacillus subtilis. Northern blot analysis and assays of yclJ-lacZ reporter gene fusion activity revealed that the anaerobic induction is dependent on another two-component signal transduction system encoded by resDE. ResDE was previously shown to be required for the induction of anaerobic energy metabolism. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays and DNase I footprinting experiments showed that the response regulator ResD binds specifically to the yclJK regulatory region upstream of the transcriptional start site. In vitro transcription experiments demonstrated that ResD is sufficient to activate yclJ transcription. The phosphorylation of ResD by its sensor kinase, ResE, highly stimulates its activity as a transcriptional activator. Multiple nucleotide substitutions in the ResD binding regions of the yclJ promoter abolished ResD binding in vitro and prevented the anaerobic induction of yclJK in vivo. A weight matrix for the ResD binding site was defined by a bioinformatic approach. The results obtained suggest the existence of a new branch of the complex regulatory system employed for the adaptation of B. subtilis to anaerobic growth conditions.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology, University of Braunschweig, Braunschweig, Germany. e.haertig@tu-bs.de
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Härtig
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Geng
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hartmann
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hubacek
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Münch
authors.forename: Rick W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jahn
authors.forename: Michiko M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Nakano
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000235:genetics*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D019295:Computational Biology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009876:Operon; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C100386:ResD protein, Bacillus subtilis; D014157:Transcription Factors