title: Differences between young and older women in maximal force, force fluctuations, and surface EMG during isometric knee extension and elbow flexion.
abstract: The loss of muscle strength with aging appears to be greater in the lower than upper limbs, but strength and its neural control have never been compared in the same population of individuals in both upper and lower limbs. The aim of this study was to investigate differences between eight young (20-31 years) and eight older (68-76 years) healthy women in maximal voluntary contraction (MVC), force fluctuations, median frequency (MDF) of the surface electromyogram (sEMG), and muscle fiber conduction velocity (MFCV) during sustained isometric elbow flexion (EF) and knee extension (KE), performed at moderate to high force intensity. Older women showed larger fluctuations of force with endurance and changes in sEMG pointing to less fatigue, especially at high level of force, with no differences between upper and lower extremities. This may have significant implications in the design of rehabilitation programs directed to this population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physiology, Strathclyde Institute for Biomedical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, 76 Southbrae Drive, Glasgow G13 1PP, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Ilenia
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bazzucchi
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Felici
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Macaluso
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Vito
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D004551:Elbow Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D004576:Electromyography / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000502:physiology; D013499:Surface Properties; D019415:Torque