title: Preliminary observations on the use of propionyl-L-carnitine in combination with sildenafil in patients with erectile dysfunction and diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the efficacy and tolerability of oral propionyl-L-carnitine (PLC) plus sildenafil in men with erectile dysfunction (ED) and diabetes unresponsive to sildenafil monotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with medically documented ED of organic or mixed aetiology and diabetes (type 1 and 2) were randomised to receive oral PLC (2 g/day) plus sildenafil (50 mg twice weekly) (20 patients, Group 1) or sildenafil alone (20 patients, Group 2), in a double-blind, fixed-dose study. All patients had been previously treated unsuccessfully with a minimum of eight administrations of sildenafil. Efficacy was evaluated using the International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire: total score, subscores for questions 3 (Q3; achieving an erection) and 4 (Q4; maintaining an erection) and global efficacy question (GEQ: 'Has treatment improved your erections?'). Patients Event Logs were also used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 24 weeks of treatment, mean scores for IIEF Q3 and Q4 had improved significantly in patients of Group 1 (4.25 +/- 0.63 and 3.95 +/- 1.0) compared with Group 2 (2.9 +/- 0.71 and 2.7 +/- 0.96) (p < 0.01). Moreover, the percentage of patients with improved erections (GEQ 68% vs. 23%) and successful intercourse attempts (76% vs. 34%) was significantly increased in Group 1 compared with Group 2 (p < 0.01). Fourteen (70%) patients in Group 1 and four (20%) in Group 2 reported an increase in mean IIEF EF domain score of > or = 4 (p < 0.01). Treatments were well tolerated and no patient discontinued study medication. Two patients in Group 1 reported mild gastric pain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Salvage therapy with PLC plus sildenafil was more effective than sildenafil in the treatment of ED in patients with diabetes refractory to sildenafil monotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology U Bracci, University La Sapienza, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gentile
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vicini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Prigiotti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koverech
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Silverio
mesh_terms: D002331:Carnitine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010410:Penile Erection; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011687:Purines; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013450:Sulfones
chemical_list: D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D010879:Piperazines; D011687:Purines; D013450:Sulfones; C003223:propionylcarnitine; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D002331:Carnitine