Caffeic acid phenethyl ester as a protective agent against doxorubicin nephrotoxicity in rats.
BACKGROUND
Nephrotoxicity is one of the important side effects of antracycline antibiotics. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE), an antioxidant agent, against nephrotoxicity induced by doxorubicin (DXR).


METHODS
The rats were divided into control, CAPE alone, doxorubicin (20 mg/kg, i.p.) and doxorubicin plus CAPE (10 micromol/kg/day, i.p.) groups. At the end of the 10th day, kidney tissues were removed for light microscopy and analysis. The levels of tissues protein carbonyl content (PC), malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO) as well as the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and myeloperoxidase (MPO) were determined. Plasma oxidants and antioxidants were also measured.


RESULTS
The activities of CAT and GSH-Px were decreased as well as myeloperoxidase, NO, MDA and PC were increased in renal tissue of doxorubicin group compared with the other groups. Plasma GSH-Px activity was higher in doxorubicin plus CAPE group than the others and plasma MDA level was higher in doxorubicin group than the other groups. There were glomerular vacuolization, tubular desquamation, loss of brush border, and adhesion to Bowman's in the light microscopy in the kidneys of doxorubicin group. The tubules and brush border were almost normal and some of the glomerulus was filled with fine vacuoles in CAPE treated rats.


CONCLUSIONS
Doxorubicin caused renal injury and CAPE treatment prevented lipid peroxidation and protein oxidation in renal tissue and partially preserved glomerulus and tubules.
Yagmurca
Murat
M
Department of Histology and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Afyon Kocatepe University, Afyon, Turkey.
Erdogan
Hasan
H
Iraz
Mustafa
M
Songur
Ahmet
A
Ucar
Muharrem
M
Fadillioglu
Ersin
E
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000633:toxicity*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020011:Protective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
D000975:Antioxidants; D002109:Caffeic Acids; D020011:Protective Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D004317:Doxorubicin; C055494:caffeic acid phenethyl ester; D010626:Phenylethyl Alcohol