[Organ procurement after poisoning].
BACKGROUND
There is an increasing gap between the number of patients on the waiting list and the number of transplanted patients. In France, more than 10000 patients waited for an organ transplantation in 2002. Due to the graft shortage, "marginal" donors are now considered. The patients who present brain death after accidental or voluntary poisoning belong to this category.


BACKGROUND
The data available from European or North American organ procurement organisations show that poisoned donors represent about 1% of all organ donors. It seems likely that a significant number of poisoned patients are not referred because poisoning is regarded as a contraindication to organ donation. When organ procurement can be achieved, the results expressed as recipient survival or graft survival are quite encouraging.
The most frequently involved toxins are either drugs (psychotropic agents, analgesics...), illicit substances, or environmental agents (gases, alcohols...). The literature data are discussed; some issues remain controversial.
Several criteria have to be applied when poisoned patients are considered as potential organ donors. Besides a firm diagnosis of "brain death", the knowledge of the "target organs" of poisoning is of paramount importance, together with careful analysis of the toxicokinetics and toxicodynamics. In most cases, routine biological and morphological data are sufficient to assess graft function.
Hantson
Philippe
P
Unité de neurotraumatologie et toxicologie, Département des soins intensifs Cliniques St-Luc, Université catholique de Louvain, Bruxelles, Belgique. hantson@rean.ucl.ac.be
D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D018579:Patient Selection; D011041:Poisoning; D014019:Tissue Donors; D009927:Tissue and Organ Procurement; D014850:Waiting Lists
Prélèvements d'organes après intoxication.