title: Potential role for heat shock protein 72 in antagonizing cerebral vasospasm after rat subarachnoid hemorrhage.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cerebral vasospasm can be defined as delayed-onset narrowing of the cerebral arteries that can occur after a spontaneous aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Despite a large number of experimental and clinical investigations, the exact pathophysiology of vasospasm remains unknown. Using a fluorescence differential-display system, we have identified the gene encoding heat shock protein 72 (HSP72) as being highly upregulated by cerebral vasospasm. We therefore elucidated the role of the HSP72 gene in cerebral vasospasm in a rat experimental SAH model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By angiography, cerebral vasospasm was detected from day 1, with maximal narrowing detected on day 2. Intracisternal injection of antisense HSP72 oligodeoxynucleotide led to specific inhibition of HSP72 gene expression and significantly aggravated cerebral vasospasm on days 2 and 3 of the angiographic studies. Oral administration of geranylgeranylacetone (GGA), an antiulcer drug, enhanced HSP72 induction and reduced cerebral vasospasm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest HSP72 plays a novel role in antagonizing delayed cerebral vasospasm after SAH and that GGA provides protective effects against delayed cerebral vasospasm, at least partly via induction of HSP72.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Pharmacology, Mie University School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan.
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nikaido
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsunoda
authors.forename: Yuhei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kirino
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001488:Basilar Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001769:Blood; D002946:Cisterna Magna; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D050884:HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011859:Radiography; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020301:Vasospasm, Intracranial / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D004224:Diterpenes; D050884:HSP72 Heat-Shock Proteins; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C031049:geranylgeranylacetone