title: The polyphenol content and antioxidant activities of the main edible vegetables in northern Vietnam.
abstract: Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is considered a risk factor in atherosclerosis, and polyphenols are the potential agents to inhibit the oxidation of LDL. We determined the polyphenol contents and the antioxidant activities of commonly consumed vegetables in Vietnam and assessed the quantity of the polyphenol intake from vegetables in the current Vietnamese diet. The polyphenol contents in 30 kinds of vegetables was determined by the Folin-Ciocalteu method. The antioxidant activities of vegetables were evaluated by measuring the oxidation of LDL and the reduction of the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical. In this study, some herbs and edible wild vegetables possessed high contents of polyphenols and antioxidant activities. Among green vegetables, sweet potato leaves showed both a high polyphenol content and antioxidant activity. The mean polyphenol daily intake of the Vietnamese was a 595 mg catechin equivalent. Water spinach, a kind of green vegetable, contributed the highest amount (45%) of the total polyphenol intake, followed by other green vegetables. Neither herbs nor edible wild vegetables contributed significantly to the total polyphenol intake due to their low consumption. Green vegetables are therefore considered very important sources of polyphenol intake for the Vietnamese.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Environmental Science of Human Life, Ochanomizu University, Tokyo 112-8610, Japan.
authors.forename: Nghiem Nguyet
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Thu
authors.forename: Chika
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.forename: Harumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uto
authors.forename: Nguyen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Van Chuyen
authors.forename: Do Thi Kim
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Lien
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Reiko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ohmori
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kondo
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D004156:Catechol Oxidase / Q000032:analysis*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000737:chemistry; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010851:Picrates / Q000737:chemistry; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry*; D014744:Vietnam
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D010851:Picrates; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl; D004156:Catechol Oxidase