title: Guidance for exposure design of human studies addressing health risk evaluations of mobile phones.
abstract: Conflicting results have recently emerged from human provocation studies that addressed the possible health hazards of radio frequency (RF) field exposure from mobile phones. Different findings may have resulted from exposures that are poorly defined and difficult to compare. The aim of this study was to develop guidelines to facilitate the development of exposure systems for human volunteer studies which lead to reproducible results and which provide maximum relevance with respect to the assessment of the safety of mobile technology. The most important exposure parameters are discussed such as the signal, field distribution, and field strength, as well as the minimum requirements for the setup and dosimetry.
authors.affiliation: Foundation for Research on Information Technologies in Society (IT'IS), Integrated Systems Laboratory IIS, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH), Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Niels
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kuster
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schuderer
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Christ
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Futter
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ebert
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D040421:Cell Phone; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields / Q000009:adverse effects; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000145:classification; D006801:Humans; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011846:Radio Waves / Q000009:adverse effects; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012107:Research Design; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000145:classification; D012449:Safety; D013696:Temperature