title: Supramolecular motifs in s-block metal-bound sulfonated monoazo dyes, part 1: structural class controlled by cation type and modulated by sulfonate aryl ring position.
abstract: The solid-state structures of 43 Li, Na, K, Rb, Mg, Ca and Ba salts of para- and meta-sulfonated azo dyes have been examined and can be categorised into three structural classes. All form alternating organic and inorganic layers, however, the nature of the coordination network that forms these layers differs from class to class. The class of structure formed was found to be primarily governed by metal type, but can also be influenced by the nature and position of the organic substituents. Thus, for the para-sulfonated azo dyes, Mg compounds form solvent-separated ion-pair solids; Ca, Ba and Li compounds form simple coordination networks based on metal-sulfonate bonding; and Na, K and Rb compounds form more complex, higher dimensional coordination networks. Compounds of meta-sulfonated azo dyes follow a similar pattern, but here, Ca species may also form solvent-separated ion-pair solids. Significantly, this first attempt to classify such dyestuffs using the principles of supramolecular chemistry succeeds not only for the simple dyes used here as model compounds, but also for more complex molecules, similar to modern colourants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pure & Applied Chemistry, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow G1 1XL Scotland. a.r.kennedy@strath.ac.uk
authors.forename: Alan R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.forename: Jennifer B A
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Kirkhouse
authors.forename: Karen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: McCarney
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Puissegur
authors.forename: W Ewen
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Staunton
authors.forename: Simon J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Teat
authors.forename: Julian C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Cherryman
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: James
mesh_terms: D001190:Arylsulfonates / Q000737:chemistry*; D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D002412:Cations / Q000737:chemistry; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D008672:Metals, Alkali / Q000737:chemistry*; D008673:Metals, Alkaline Earth / Q000737:chemistry*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D013451:Sulfonic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D001190:Arylsulfonates; D001391:Azo Compounds; D002412:Cations; D004396:Coloring Agents; D008672:Metals, Alkali; D008673:Metals, Alkaline Earth; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D013451:Sulfonic Acids