title: Comparison between self-report and a dipstick method (NicCheck 1) to assess nicotine intake.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the agreement between self-reported tobacco consumption and NicCheck 1 (Dynagen Inc. Cambridge, Mass., USA) regarding smoking status and nicotine intake in a population of smokers (20.8%) and non-smokers. NicCheck 1 is a dipstick that changes colour in the presence of urinary nicotine metabolites. Smoking was assessed by self-report and NicCheck 1 in 169 males and 191 females (mean age 36.0 SD 0.7). Self-report and NicCheck 1 agreed highly on smoking status, especially in moderate to heavy smokers. With regard to nicotine intake, there was a large overlap in self-reported tobacco consumption between NicCheck 1 levels, despite a relatively high correlation coefficient between self-report and NicCheck 1 in smokers (i.e. 0.74). No effect modification by gender or BMI was found. When both methods were validated against two blood lipid parameters, self-report seemed to do equally well as NicCheck 1 in assessing nicotine intake.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Research in Extramural Medicine (EMGO Institute), VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Claire M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Bernaards
authors.forename: Jos W R
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Twisk
authors.forename: Willem
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: van Mechelen
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Snel
authors.forename: Han C G
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kemper
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003124:Colorimetry; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D009426:Netherlands; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000652:urine*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011934:Reagent Strips; D012650:Self Disclosure; D012907:Smoking / Q000652:urine*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D011934:Reagent Strips; D009538:Nicotine; D002784:Cholesterol