title: G20210A prothrombin gene variant and clinical outcome in patients with a first acute coronary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The prognostic value of the G20210A prothrombin gene polymorphism in patients with a first acute coronary syndrome has not been previously assessed. We conducted a prospective study to investigate this issue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genotyping at the 20210 prothrombin gene locus was performed in 162 patients with a first episode of myocardial infarction (MI) or unstable angina (UA) occurring before 65 years of age. Patients were stratified according to cardiovascular risk factors and to treatment strategy. The subsequent two-year relative risk (RR) of adverse events (death, MI and UA) was adjusted for possible confounders and analyzed according to genotype, risk factor category, and treatment allocation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the entire study population, the prothrombin variant did not significantly increase the two-year risk of events: the adjusted RR for GA vs GG carriers was 1.82 (95% CI 0.68-4.89). However, in the absence of traditional cardiovascular risk factors the risk of events was consistently higher: among the 46 patients without hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia, GA vs GG carriership was associated with an adjusted RR at two years of 5.64 (95% CI 1.07-29.84). The gene variant also enhanced the risk of events among the 98 patients who did not undergo myocardial revascularization procedures (RR for GA vs GG: 2.89, 95% CI 1.04-8.00), but not among those who did.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present prospective study suggests that heterozygosity for the G20210A prothrombin polymorphism adversely affects prognosis after a first acute coronary syndrome in the subgroup of patients without metabolic risk factors and in those not treated by revascularization procedures.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiology, Catholic University, Rome, Italy. f.burzotta@eudoramail.com
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Burzotta
authors.forename: Antonio Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Leone
authors.forename: Katia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Paciaroni
authors.forename: Valerio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Stefano
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Testa
authors.forename: Floriana
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Giannico
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Leone
authors.forename: Attilio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maseri
authors.forename: Filippo
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Crea
authors.forename: Felicita
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Andreotti
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D015993:Life Tables; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D009204:Myocardial Revascularization; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011516:Prothrombin / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D019851:Thrombophilia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D011516:Prothrombin