title: Interaction and relationship between angiotensin converting enzyme gene and environmental factors predisposing to essential hypertension in Mongolian population of China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association of specific functional gene ACE (I/D) variants of the renin-angiotensin system with essential hypertension (EH) and interaction between ACE (I/D) gene and risk factors for EH in a genetically homogenous Mongolia rural population of China.
  
  
  METHODS
  Individuals (n=1099) were recruited from general population of Kezuohouqi Banner in Inner Mongolian Autonomous Region.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The association was found between ACE genotype DD plus ID and EH, with an interaction between ACE genotype DD plus ID and cigarette smoking in an additive model. Cigarette smoking index and ACE gene showed a low exposure-gene (LEG) effect on EH, with interaction indices from 7.10 to 1.16. Interaction between ACE genotype DD plus ID and alcohol drinking on EH appeared an additive model. Alcohol drinking index and ACE gene showed a low exposure-gene (LEG) effect on EH, with interaction indices from 1.66 to 1.09. BMI and ACE gene showed a low exposure-gene (LEG) effect on EH, with interaction indices from 6.15 to 2.49. Interactions between ACE genotype and WHR on EH showed a multiplicative model. In a short,there was an interaction between ACE gene and cigarette smoking, alcohol drinking and BMI on EH, especially in a low dose-exposure effect
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is important for individuals who carry ACE D allele gene to prevent EH, and furthermore, to prevent and control coronary heart disease, in a view of population-based prevention.
authors.affiliation: National Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, School of Basic Medicine, Peking College, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100005, China.
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yan-Hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei-Jun
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Ming-Liang
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Batu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Buren
authors.forename: Yong-Yue
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yong-Shan
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Shuang-Lian
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Hai-Hua
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: Gui-Rong
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Ming-Wu
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Yong-Hong
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zheng-Lai
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Chang-Chun
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Qiu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D000886:Anthropometry; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002681:China; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000201:enzymology / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008986:Mongolia / Q000208:ethnology; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012084:Renin-Angiotensin System / Q000235:genetics; D012307:Risk Factors; D012424:Rural Population; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A