Prevention and treatment of experimental osteomyelitis in dogs with ciprofloxacin-loaded crosslinked high amylose starch implants.
Crosslinked high amylose starch (CLHAS) matrix was used as a biodegradable drug delivery implant for the prevention and treatment of osteomyelitis. Thirty-two dogs underwent the femoral insertion of a screw inoculated with Staphylococcus aureus and were then randomly assigned to four groups: (A) prevention with ciprofloxacin-CLHAS implants, (B) surgical debridement (positive control), (C) surgical debridement and oral ciprofloxacin treatment and (D) surgical debridement and treatment with ciprofloxacin-CLHAS implants. At week 4 the osteomyelitis was confirmed, the infected site debrided and respective treatments initiated for groups B, C and D. Radiographs, macroscopic evaluations, bacterial cultures and histopathological examinations were used to evaluate the femora at week 10. Femora from preventive group A were almost normal. Dogs of both ciprofloxacin treatment groups C and D showed better bone healing, less periosteal reaction and less screw mobility than dogs from group B. Eradication of infection was observed at proximal/distal sites in B: 25%/12%, C: 37%/62% and D: 62%/75%. Both ciprofloxacin treated groups improved radiographically from week 4 to week 10. Periosteal and marrow neutrophilic and lymphoplasmocytic infiltrations were less severe in groups C and D versus group B. These data suggest that biodegradable ciprofloxacin-CLHAS implants are a safe and efficient modality for the prevention and treatment of osteomyelitis.
Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Montreal, 3200 rue Sicotte, CP 5000, St-Hyacinthe, QC, Canada J2S 7C6. louis.martel-huneault@umontreal.ca
Louis M
LM
Huneault
Bertrand
B
Lussier
Pascal
P
Dubreuil
Luc
L
Chouinard
Cyril
C
Désévaux
D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000688:Amylose / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011859:Radiography
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D000688:Amylose