A comparative histological evaluation of the biocompatibility of materials used in apical surgery.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the biological properties of a variety of materials that could be used in apical surgery.


METHODS
The intraosseous implant technique recommended by the FDI (1980) and ADA (1982) was used to test the following materials: zinc oxide-eugenol (ZOE), mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA), and Z-100 light-cured composite resin. Thirty guinea-pigs, 10 for each material, divided into experimental periods of 4 and 12 weeks, received one implant on each side of the lower jaw symphysis. The connective tissue response alongside the lateral wall outside the cup served as a negative control for the technique. At the end of the observation periods, the animals were killed and the specimens prepared for routine histological examination to evaluate their biocompatibility.


RESULTS
The reaction of the tissue to the materials diminished with time. The ZOE cement was highly toxic during the 4-week experimental period, but this profile changed significantly after 12 weeks, when it showed biocompatible characteristics. MTA and Z-100 showed biocompatibility in this test model at both time periods.


CONCLUSIONS
MTA and Z-100 composite were biocompatible at 4 and 12 weeks in this experimental model.
Sousa
C J A
CJ
Department of Endodontics, University of Uberlândia, CEP 38405-320 Uberlandia, Minas Gerais, Brazil.
Loyola
A M
AM
Versiani
M A
MA
Biffi
J C G
JC
Oliveira
R P
RP
Pascon
E A
EA
D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D001047:Apicoectomy; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000633:toxicity; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D010087:Oxides / Q000633:toxicity; D012184:Retrograde Obturation; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000633:toxicity*; D017640:Silicates / Q000633:toxicity; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000633:toxicity; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement / Q000633:toxicity; D015040:Zirconium / Q000633:toxicity
D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D003188:Composite Resins; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010087:Oxides; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; C083568:Z100 composite resin; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D015040:Zirconium