Robotics in neurosurgery.
Technological developments in imaging guidance, intraoperative imaging, and microscopy have pushed neurosurgeons to the limits of their dexterity and stamina. The introduction of robotically assisted surgery has provided surgeons with improved ergonomics and enhanced visualization, dexterity, and haptic capabilities. This article provides a historical perspective on neurosurgical robots, including image-guided stereotactic and microsurgery systems. The future of robot-assisted neurosurgery, including the use of surgical simulation tools and methods to evaluate surgeon performance, is discussed.
The Seaman Family MR Research Center, Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Calgary, 1403 29th Street N.W., Calgary, Alberta T2N 2T9, Canada.
Paul B
PB
McBeth
Deon F
DF
Louw
Peter R
PR
Rizun
Garnette R
GR
Sutherland
D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D006801:Humans; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation; D012371:Robotics / Q000295:instrumentation; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted; D013523:Surgical Equipment; D013525:Surgical Instruments