Early stage of establishment of persistent Sendai virus infection: unstable dynamic phase and then selection of viruses which are tightly cell associated, temperature sensitive, and capable of establishing persistent infection.
We obtained 157 cloned cell lines persistently infected with Sendai virus; these cell lines were generated independently of each other. Infectious viruses could be isolated from 123 of these cloned cell lines by inoculation of culture fluids or infected cells into embryonated eggs. The majority of the viruses carried by cells persistently infected with viruses showed high cytotoxicity and did not have the ability to establish persistent infection. The association of carried virus with cells became stronger and virus isolation correspondingly became more difficult as cells persistently infected with virus were subcultured. Viruses derived from virus-infected cells eventually acquired the ability to establish persistent infection, although the ways in which the viruses acquired this ability varied. The viruses also acquired temperature sensitivity as persistently infected cells were subcultured. First, the hemagglutinin-neuraminidase and M proteins acquired temperature sensitivity, and then the polymerase(s) did so. The M proteins were localized in the nuclei of cells infected with cloned viruses that had the ability to establish persistent infection. Cells infected with viruses capable of establishing persistent infection showed no or slight staining by terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end labeling. Specific amino acid substitutions accumulated in the M protein and the L protein as virus-infected cells were subcultured. This study shows that there is an unstable dynamic phase at an early stage of the establishment of persistent Sendai virus infection (steady state), and then viruses capable of establishing persistent infection are selected.
Ito
Morihiro
M
Department of Microbiology, School of Medicine, Mie University, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu-Shi, Mie Prefecture 514-8507, Japan. ito@doc.medic.mie-u.ac.jp.
Takeuchi
Taijiro
T
Nishio
Machiko
M
Kawano
Mitsuo
M
Komada
Hiroshi
H
Tsurudome
Masato
M
Ito
Yasuhiko
Y
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D006224:Cricetinae; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D051379:Mice; D029082:Sendai virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D013696:Temperature; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics
D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins