What is spiritual? What is spiritual suffering?
The author offers definitions for "spiritual" and for "spiritual suffering," suggesting that human spiritual needs include Love, Faith, Hope, Virtue, and Beauty. Spiritual suffering is experienced when these needs are unfulfilled. Spiritual care involves assisting in the fulfillment of these needs. He considers the constant movement between spiritual needs and fulfillments, encouraging use of fluid (not static) assessment methods using "spiritual spectra." As a model, this outline of basic spiritual needs may serve as the foundation for many current spiritual assessment tools.
Bartel
Mark
M
Arnold Palmer Hospital for Children and Women, 92 West Miller Street, Orlando, FL 32806, USA.
D001504:Beauty; D003073:Cognitive Dissonance; D004989:Ethics; D006801:Humans; D008149:Love; D010327:Pastoral Care / Q000379:methods*; D012069:Religion and Psychology; D012918:Social Alienation; D029181:Spirituality; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D028722:Virtues