The genetic or mythical ancestry of descent groups: lessons from the Y chromosome.
Traditional societies are often organized into descent groups called "lineages," "clans," and "tribes." Each of these descent groups claims to have a common ancestor, and this ancestry distinguishes the group's members from the rest of the population. To test the hypothesis of common ancestry within these groups, we compared ethnological and genetic data from five Central Asian populations. We show that, although people from the same lineage and clan share generally a recent common ancestor, no such common ancestry is observed at the tribal level. Thus, a tribe might be a conglomerate of clans who subsequently invented a mythical ancestor to strengthen group unity.
Chaix
Raphaëlle
R
Unité d'Eco-Anthropologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique UMR 5145/Université Paris 7, Musée de l'Homme, Paris, France.
Austerlitz
Frédéric
F
Khegay
Tatyana
T
Jacquesson
Svetlana
S
Hammer
Michael F
MF
Heyer
Evelyne
E
Quintana-Murci
Lluís
L
D001209:Asia, Central; D041322:Chromosomes, Human, Y / Q000235:genetics*; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*