Mixed-model statistical analysis of fuel, equipment, mileage, and driving schedule effects on particulate matter emissions from heavy diesel-powered vehicles.
An extensive experimental program has been conducted to evaluate the comparative effects of California Air Resources Board diesel fuel and an ultra-low-sulfur (S) diesel (with and without aftermarket passive filtering devices) on mass emissions of particulate matter (PM) in heavy vehicles. Tests have been performed on 20 Class 8 trucks at two high-mileage levels using two different driving schedules. The design of the test program facilitates the use of mixed-model statistical analysis, which allows more appropriate treatment of the explanatory variables than normally achieved. The analysis suggests that the ultra-low-S diesel fuel yields extremely low mean PM emissions when used in conjunction with a particulate filter, even at high mileage, but that the estimates are highly variable. The high degree of uncertainty, caused at least in part by large vehicle-to-vehicle variation, may obscure the true PM response and adversely impact attainment of increasingly more stringent diesel PM emissions standards in the United States.
Coburn
Timothy C
TC
Department of Management Science, Abilene Christian University, Abilene, Texas 79699, USA. tim.coburn@coba.acu.edu
D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D001334:Automobile Driving; D004738:Engineering; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005742:Gasoline / Q000032:analysis*; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis*
D000393:Air Pollutants; D005742:Gasoline; D001335:Vehicle Emissions