Biomechanics and development of the elbow in the young throwing athlete.
This article reviews basic concepts in fundamental elbow biomechanics, particularly how they relate to the skeletally immature elbow in throwing athletes. Adult phases of throwing and the forces generated in each phase are compared with the developmental phases of throwing in children. The impact of elevated forces, poor mechanics, and poor coordination are emphasized as they relate to potential areas of injury in the skeletally immature. Finally, concepts in prevention focused on biomechanics are offered.
Hutchinson
Mark R
MR
Sports Medicine and Human Performance Center, Department of Orthopaedics, University of Illinois at Chicago, 270 MSB, M/C 844, 835 South Wolcott, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. mhutch@uic.edu
Wynn
Shawn
S
D000293:Adolescent / Q000502:physiology*; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control; D001484:Baseball / Q000502:physiology; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001837:Body Weights and Measures; D001846:Bone Development / Q000502:physiology; D002648:Child; D004550:Elbow / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D048788:Growth and Development / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D013177:Sports / Q000502:physiology*