[Withdrawal of treatment in severely ill newborn infants].
BACKGROUND
Improvements in diagnostics and treatment in perinatal medicine have enabled us to save more premature and critically ill infants and infants born with severe congenital anomalies. However, some of these children often develop complications with a poor prognosis both for survival and quality of life. An active decision to withdraw treatment is common practice in such cases. Little is known about the impact of this problem in neonatal care in Norway.


METHODS
The records of 178 infants admitted as newborns and who died in our hospital during the period 1990-1999 were reviewed and analysed according to these groups: death in spite of full treatment, death because of active withdrawal of treatment, and death after palliative treatment. We also evaluated to what extent the parents were involved in the decision making process and how that process was documented in patient records.


RESULTS
Death after withdrawal of treatment was identified in 65% of the cases and was mainly seen in critically ill immature and premature infants (74%). The parents were usually involved in the decision, though documentation in patient records of the decision making process was generally poor. The ethical, legal and practical implications of this state of affairs probably need to be reviewed.
Det medisinske fakultet, Norges teknisk-naturvitenskapelige universitet, Trondheim. linesy@online.no
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Bratlid
D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D003657:Decision Making / Q000941:ethics; D006801:Humans; D007226:Infant Mortality; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D015931:Intensive Care, Neonatal / Q000941:ethics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D033282:Parental Consent / Q000941:ethics; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D011368:Professional-Family Relations; D013727:Terminal Care / Q000941:ethics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D028761:Withholding Treatment / Q000941:ethics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence