Global analysis of HuR-regulated gene expression in colon cancer systems of reducing complexity.
HuR, a protein that binds to target mRNAs and can enhance their stability and translation, is increasingly recognized as a pivotal regulator of gene expression during cell division and tumorigenesis. We sought to identify collections of HuR-regulated mRNAs in colon cancer cells by systematic, cDNA array-based assessment of gene expression in three systems of varying complexity. First, comparison of gene expression profiles among tumors with different HuR abundance revealed highly divergent gene expression patterns, and virtually no changes in previously reported HuR target mRNAs. Assessment of gene expression patterns in a second system of reduced complexity, cultured colon cancer cells expressing different HuR levels, rendered more conserved sets of HuR-regulated mRNAs. However, the definitive identification of direct HuR target mRNAs required a third system of still lower complexity, wherein HuR-RNA complexes immunoprecipitated from colon cancer cells were subject to cDNA array hybridization to elucidate the endogenous HuR-bound mRNAs. Comparison of the transcript sets identified in each system revealed a strikingly limited overlap in HuR-regulated mRNAs. The data derived from this systematic analysis of HuR-regulated genes highlight the value of low-complexity, biochemical characterization of protein-RNA interactions. More importantly, however, the data underscore the broad usefulness of integrated approaches comprising systems of low complexity (protein-nucleic acid) and high complexity (cells, tumors) to comprehensively elucidate the gene regulatory events that underlie biological processes.
López de Silanes
Isabel
I
Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Biology, National Institute on Aging-Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA.
Fan
Jinshui
J
Galbán
Craig J
CJ
Spencer
Richard G
RG
Becker
Kevin G
KG
Gorospe
Myriam
M
D000818:Animals; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D051959:ELAV Proteins; D000067780:ELAV-Like Protein 1; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008954:Models, Biological; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D015854:Up-Regulation
D000954:Antigens, Surface; D051959:ELAV Proteins; D000067780:ELAV-Like Protein 1; C098770:ELAVL1 protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins