The differentiation potential of human foetal neuronal progenitor cells in vitro.
Previously, this laboratory has shown that human foetal progenitor cells derived from ventral mesencephalon (VM) can be developmentally directed towards a dopaminergic lineage. In the present study, the effects are reported of several as yet untested differentiation/survival factors on the controlled conversion of neural progenitor cells to dopaminergic neurons. Positive immunoreactivity to tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) and raised levels of dopamine (DA) and its metabolite, 3,4-dihydroxyphenylacetic acid (DOPAC), secreted into culture medium, were used to indicate the presence of the dopaminergic neuronal phenotype, i.e., active TH. Incubation with retinoic acid (RA) (0.5 microM) lead to an increase in the number of cultured cells showing positive immunoreactivity for the neuronal marker, microtubule-associated protein (MAP)-2ab. A concomitant increase in TH-positive immunoreactivity was also demonstrated. The brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) (50 ng/ml), glial-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) (10 ng/ml) and interleukin-1 beta (IL-1 beta) (10 ng/ml) also had positive effects in promoting neural progenitor cell differentiation towards the dopaminergic phenotype in the presence of dopamine (10 microM) and forskolin (Fsk) (10 microM). There was no synergy in this effect when progenitor cells were incubated with all of these agents simultaneously. The trans-differentiation potential of the progenitor cells to be directed towards other neurotransmitter phenotypic lineages was also investigated. It was found that, with the right cocktails of agents, serotonin (Ser) (75 microM), acidic fibroblast growth factor (aFGF) (10 ng/ml), BDNF (50 ng/ml) and forskolin (10 microM), these same cells could be directed down the serotonergic cell lineage pathway (as judged by the appearance of tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) positive immunoreactivity, and synthesis of 5-HT and its metabolites, secreted into the culture medium). However, no cocktail containing noradrenaline (10 nM-500 microM), BDNF (50 ng/ml) and forskolin (10 microM) was found which promoted differentiation towards the noradrenergic cell phenotype as judged by the absence of any TH or D beta H positive immunoreactivity, and no formation of 3,4-dihydroxyphenylethyleneglycol (DOPEG), the principal metabolite of noradrenaline. The controlled trans-differentiation potential of these cell could pave the way for development and harvesting of large numbers of neurons of the appropriate neurotransmitter phenotype for future transplantation therapies for the treatment of neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease (PD) and Alzheimer's disease.
Riaz
Samina S
SS
Department of Biological Sciences, Imperial College of Science, Technology and Medicine, Biochemistry Building, South Kensington Campus, Imperial College Road, London SW7 2AZ, UK. Saminariaz@hotmail.com
Theofilopoulos
Spyridon
S
Jauniaux
Eric
E
Stern
Gerald M
GM
Bradford
Henry F
HF
D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D005333:Fetus; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D008636:Mesencephalon / Q000166:cytology*; D008734:Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology
C495039:GDNF protein, human; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D006133:Growth Substances; D007375:Interleukin-1; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; D012701:Serotonin; D008734:Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; D006897:Hydroxyindoleacetic Acid; D014212:Tretinoin; C010117:3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol; D004298:Dopamine; D009638:Norepinephrine