Inulin-type fructans modulate gastrointestinal peptides involved in appetite regulation (glucagon-like peptide-1 and ghrelin) in rats.
The hypothesis tested in the present study is that dietary fructans are able to modulate gastrointestinal peptides involved in the control of food intake, namely glucagon-like peptide (GLP)-1 (7-36) amide and ghrelin. After 3 weeks of treatment with a standard diet (control) or the same diet enriched with 100 g fructans varying in their degrees of polymerization (oligofructose (OFS), Synergy 1 (Syn) or long chain inulin)/kg, male Wistar rats were deprived of food for 8 h before sample collection. Dietary energy intake throughout the experiment was significantly lower (P<0.05) in fructans-fed rats than in control rats, leading to a significant decrease (P<0.01) in epidydimal fat mass at the end of the treatment in OFS- and Syn-treated rats. GLP-1 (7-36) amide concentration in portal vein serum was higher in OFS- and Syn-fed than in control rats. Both GLP-1 (7-36) amide concentration and proglucagon mRNA concentrations were significantly greater (P<0.05) in the proximal colonic mucosa of fructans-fed rats v. controls. Normally active ghrelin concentration in plasma increases during food deprivation and rapidly falls during a meal. In the present study, after 8 h of food deprivation, active ghrelin in the plasma remained significantly lower (P<0.05) in OFS and Syn-fed than in control rats. These results are in accordance with the modifications of dietary intake and fat-mass development in short-chain fructans-treated rats and demonstrate the potential modulation of GLP-1 (7-36) amide and ghrelin by fermentable fibres such as fructans, which are rapidly and extensively fermented in the proximal part of the colon.
Cani
Patrice D
PD
Unit of Pharmacokinetics, Metabolism, Nutrition and Toxicology, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Université Catholique de Louvain, B-1200 Brussels, Belgium.
Dewever
Cédric
C
Delzenne
Nathalie M
NM
D000818:Animals; D001069:Appetite Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D002432:Cecum / Q000378:metabolism; D003106:Colon / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology; D054439:Ghrelin; D005934:Glucagon / Q000378:metabolism; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D004763:Glucagon-Like Peptides; D007444:Inulin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000502:physiology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D036361:Peptide Hormones / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*; D052336:Proglucagon; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000502:physiology
D054439:Ghrelin; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D036361:Peptide Hormones; D011498:Protein Precursors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C055453:glucagon-like peptide 1 (7-36)amide; D052336:Proglucagon; D004763:Glucagon-Like Peptides; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D007444:Inulin; D005934:Glucagon