Extraperitoneal laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection in supine position after chemotherapy for advanced testicular carcinoma.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the feasibility and usefulness of extraperitoneal laparoscopic retroperitoneal lymph node dissection (RPLND) in the supine position after chemotherapy for advanced testicular carcinoma.


METHODS
Three patients with advanced testicular cancer underwent chemotherapy. Although serum markers were decreased compared with the normal range, residual masses requiring surgical resection were recognized by computed tomography scanning. We applied extraperitoneal laparoscopic RPLND. The patients were placed in the supine position and the first trocar was inserted two finger widths medial to the anterior iliac spine. The retroperitoneal space was dilated using a preperitoneal distention balloon. Two more ports were inserted into the retroperitoneal space and surgery proceeded thereafter.


RESULTS
The residual tumors were completely resected by laparoscopy. The procedure required 250-310 min and the bleeding volume was below 50 mL. Although the histopathological findings consisted only of necrosis in all of the patients, one patient recurred at the same place.


CONCLUSIONS
Extraperitoneal laparoscopic RPLND in the supine position for residual tumors after chemotherapy is technically feasible and useful in terms of postoperative recovery. With regard to cancer control, further evaluation should be necessary.
Division of Urology, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, 7-5-1, Kusunoki-cho, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan. hara@med.kobe-u.ac.jp
Isao
I
Hara
Gaku
G
Kawabata
Yuji
Y
Yamada
Kazushi
K
Tanaka
Sadao
S
Kamidono
D000328:Adult; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008197:Lymph Node Excision / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D010537:Peritoneum; D016683:Supine Position; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*