Grisel's syndrome: the two-hit hypothesis--a case report and literature review.
Grisel's syndrome is a rare but well-documented clinical entity. It is a nontraumatic, fixed rotary subluxation of C1 on C2 (atlantoaxial). Although first described in 1830, the exact mechanism of Grisel's syndrome remains unclear. We present a postoperative case of Grisel's syndrome and an extensive literature review, and we propose a mechanism for its pathogenesis. In addition, we propose a treatment algorithm for Grisel's syndrome.
Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Walter ReedArmy Medical Center, Washington, DC 20307, USA. Abattiata@comcast.net
Andrew P
AP
Battiata
George
G
Pazos
D001268:Atlanto-Axial Joint; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000209:etiology; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009333:Neck / Q000601:surgery*; D019547:Neck Pain / Q000209:etiology; D009422:Nervous System Diseases; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D013577:Syndrome; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014068:Tonsillectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D014069:Tonsillitis / Q000601:surgery; D014103:Torticollis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome