The genome of the diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana: ecology, evolution, and metabolism.
Diatoms are unicellular algae with plastids acquired by secondary endosymbiosis. They are responsible for approximately 20% of global carbon fixation. We report the 34 million-base pair draft nuclear genome of the marine diatom Thalassiosira pseudonana and its 129 thousand-base pair plastid and 44 thousand-base pair mitochondrial genomes. Sequence and optical restriction mapping revealed 24 diploid nuclear chromosomes. We identified novel genes for silicic acid transport and formation of silica-based cell walls, high-affinity iron uptake, biosynthetic enzymes for several types of polyunsaturated fatty acids, use of a range of nitrogenous compounds, and a complete urea cycle, all attributes that allow diatoms to prosper in aquatic environments.
School of Oceanography, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. armbrust@ocean.washington.edu
E Virginia
EV
Armbrust
John A
JA
Berges
Chris
C
Bowler
Beverley R
BR
Green
Diego
D
Martinez
Nicholas H
NH
Putnam
Shiguo
S
Zhou
Andrew E
AE
Allen
Kirk E
KE
Apt
Michael
M
Bechner
Mark A
MA
Brzezinski
Balbir K
BK
Chaal
Anthony
A
Chiovitti
Aubrey K
AK
Davis
Mark S
MS
Demarest
J Chris
JC
Detter
Tijana
T
Glavina
David
D
Goodstein
Masood Z
MZ
Hadi
Uffe
U
Hellsten
Mark
M
Hildebrand
Bethany D
BD
Jenkins
Jerzy
J
Jurka
Vladimir V
VV
Kapitonov
Nils
N
Kröger
Winnie W Y
WW
Lau
Todd W
TW
Lane
Frank W
FW
Larimer
J Casey
JC
Lippmeier
Susan
S
Lucas
Mónica
M
Medina
Anton
A
Montsant
Miroslav
M
Obornik
Micaela Schnitzler
MS
Parker
Brian
B
Palenik
Gregory J
GJ
Pazour
Paul M
PM
Richardson
Tatiana A
TA
Rynearson
Mak A
MA
Saito
David C
DC
Schwartz
Kimberlee
K
Thamatrakoln
Klaus
K
Valentin
Assaf
A
Vardi
Frances P
FP
Wilkerson
Daniel S
DS
Rokhsar
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D020418:Algal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics; D002875:Chromosomes; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D017377:Diatoms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017753:Ecosystem; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D016678:Genome; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism; D008027:Light; D045342:Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D010788:Photosynthesis; D018087:Plastids / Q000235:genetics; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012824:Silicic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D013559:Symbiosis; D014508:Urea / Q000378:metabolism
D020418:Algal Proteins; D045342:Light-Harvesting Protein Complexes; D012824:Silicic Acid; D014508:Urea; D004247:DNA; D007501:Iron; D009584:Nitrogen