Is the type of remission after a major depressive episode an important risk factor to relapses in a 4-year follow up?
BACKGROUND
Rates of relapse and predictive relapse factors were studied over more than 4 years in a sample of Spanish outpatients with DSM-III-R criteria for unipolar major depressive episode.


METHODS
A final sample of 139 outpatient was followed monthly in a naturalistic study. The Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-III-R was used. Phases of evolution were recorded using the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale, applying the Frank criteria. Survival analysis, Kaplan-Meier product limit and proportional hazards models were used.


RESULTS
A higher rate of relapses was observed in the partial remission group (91.4%) compared to the complete remission one (51.3%). The four factors with predictive relapse value were: "partial remission versus complete remission", "the intensity of clinical symptoms", "the age" and "the number of previous depressive episodes". The existence of partial remission was the most powerful predictive factor.


CONCLUSIONS
The decreasing sample size during the follow-up and the difficulty in warranting the treatment compliance.


CONCLUSIONS
At medium term, relapse rates for a major depressive episode are high. Partial remission after a depressive episode seems to be an important predictive factor for relapses in a 4-year follow-up.


CONCLUSIONS
Not reaching complete remission is a strong risk factor for relapses in a 4-year follow up study.
Pintor
Luis
L
Instituto Clínico de Psiquiatría y Psicología, Hospital Clínico y Provincial de Barcelona, C/Villarroel-170, 08036 Barcelona, Spain. lpintor@clinic.ub.es
Torres
Xavier
X
Navarro
Victor
V
Matrai
Silvia
S
Gastó
Cristobal
C
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013030:Spain; D016019:Survival Analysis
D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors