A conceptual framework for adaptive preventive interventions.
Recently, adaptive interventions have emerged as a new perspective on prevention and treatment. Adaptive interventions resemble clinical practice in that different dosages of certain prevention or treatment components are assigned to different individuals, and/or within individuals across time, with dosage varying in response to the intervention needs of individuals. To determine intervention need and thus assign dosage, adaptive interventions use prespecified decision rules based on each participant's values on key characteristics, called tailoring variables. In this paper, we offer a conceptual framework for adaptive interventions, discuss principles underlying the design and evaluation of such interventions, and review some areas where additional research is needed.
Collins
Linda M
LM
The Methodology Center and Department of Human Development and Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania 16802, USA. lmcollins@psu.edu
Murphy
Susan A
SA
Bierman
Karen L
KL
D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D002983:Clinical Competence; D019955:Conduct Disorder / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D003661:Decision Support Techniques; D005544:Forecasting; D006699:Home Care Services / Q000458:organization & administration; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment; D020380:Needs Assessment / Q000458:organization & administration*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D010347:Patient Care Planning / Q000458:organization & administration*; D010358:Patient Participation / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology; D011322:Primary Prevention / Q000458:organization & administration*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012107:Research Design / Q000592:standards; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors