Dendritic cells: limited potential in immunotherapy.
Dendritic cells (DC) represent the most potent antigen-presenting cells (APC) of the immune system for their unique capability of presenting antigen to T-cells. Their use as cellular vaccines after charging with antigen ex vivo has been shown to induce protective and therapeutic anti-tumor immunity with regression of tumor manifestations in animal models of experimental cancer therapy. Human monocyte-derived DC (MoDC) generated in vitro in the presence of GM-CSF and IL-4 are regarded equivalent to immature DC. They can be induced to mature under various experimental conditions. MoDC, in their immature as well as mature state have been widely used for experimental as well as for clinical purposes. However, unequivocal proof for the clinical efficiency of MoDC-based anti-tumor vaccinations is still missing. There is now increasing experimental evidence demonstrating that MoDC may be hampered in their ability to migrate in response to inflammatory as well as homeostatic chemataxins. We therefore suggest that MoDC may not represent the equivalent of migratory DC in vivo limiting their use as magic bullets in tumor immunotherapy.
Soruri
Afsaneh
A
Department of Immunology, Georg-August University of Göttingen, Kreuzbergring 57, 37075 Goettingen, Germany. asoruri@gwdg.de
Zwirner
Jörg
J
D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000276:immunology; D002630:Chemotactic Factors / Q000276:immunology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000637:transplantation; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D009000:Monocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D002630:Chemotactic Factors; D015847:Interleukin-4; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor