Hot-compressed-water decomposed products from bamboo manifest a selective cytotoxicity against acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells.
We examined the effect of hot-compressed-water (HCW) extracted and fractionated bamboo products (named as fractions A and B) on the viability of human cultured cell lines, derived from leukemia patients and human peripheral blood lymphocytes, obtained from normal adults. Fraction A was composed of xylose, xylooligosaccharides and water-soluble lignin, determined by high-performance anion exchange chromatography and spectrophotometry. Fraction B was composed of glucose and celooligosaccharides. It was found that Fraction B expressed a negligible cytotoxic effect against leukemia cells, while Fraction A reduced markedly (in a dose-dependent manner) the viability of leukemia cell lines, derived from acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL)--Jurkat and MOLT-4. Fraction A did not influence the viability of leukemia cells, derived from myelogenous leukemia (ML-2) or lymphoma (SupT-1), as well as the viability of normal lymphocytes. Furthermore, microscopic examination of ALL-derived cells treated with Fraction A showed typical apoptotic morphological changes such as a condensation of nucleus and membrane blebing, as well as phosphatidylserine (PSer) exposure on the cell surface. The effect of decomposed products of commercially available xylan against ALL-derived Jurkat cells was significantly lower than that of Fraction A. These results suggest that the cytotoxic effect of Fraction A may be attributed to apoptosis, induced by xylooligosaccharides and it is specific for ALL-derived cells. We speculate that the water-soluble lignin is an important factor, potentiating the cytotoxic effect of xylan in HCW-extracts from bamboo.
Kagoshima Prefecture Institute of Industrial Technology, 1445-1 Oda Hayato-cho, Aira, Kagoshima 899-5105, Japan.
Hiroki
H
Ando
Hideki
H
Ohba
Tsuyoshi
T
Sakaki
Kazunori
K
Takamine
Yoshitaka
Y
Kamino
Sawako
S
Moriwaki
Rumiana
R
Bakalova
Yoshimitsu
Y
Uemura
Yasuo
Y
Hatate
D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D003470:Culture Media; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008031:Lignin / Q000494:pharmacology; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma; D011312:Pressure; D031787:Sasa / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
D003470:Culture Media; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014867:Water; D008031:Lignin