Manipulation of immunity to and pathology of respiratory infections.
Respiratory infections are the third leading cause of death worldwide and are a priority for vaccine development. Immune defence mechanisms are critical in recovery from most respiratory infections but the role of the immune system in causing bystander lung injury is not as well understood, and will be the focus of this review. Immune-mediated injury results from physical occlusion of the airways or the ensuing 'cytokine storm', which may spill over into the systemic circulation and cause devastating consequences. Respiratory pathogens employ numerous strategies to avoid detection by the immune system. One of these, the alteration of key surface determinants, makes the design of rational vaccines problematic. In the following review the immune compartments responsible for clinical lung disease are discussed, and current and novel strategies to reduce their potency are overviewed.
Snelgrove
Robert
R
Centre for Molecular Microbiology and Infection, Department of Biological Sciences, Imperial College of Science, Technology, and Medicine, London, UK. robert.snelgrove@ic.ac.uk
Williams
Andrew
A
Thorpe
Callum
C
Hussell
Tracy
T
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000821:virology*; D014611:Vaccination
D000890:Anti-Infective Agents