Production and characterization of chitosan fibers and 3-D fiber mesh scaffolds for tissue engineering applications.
This study reports on the production of chitosan fibers and 3-D fiber meshes for the use as tissue engineering scaffolds. Both structures were produced by means of a wet spinning technique. Maximum strain at break and tensile strength of the developed fibers were found to be 8.5% and 204.9 MPa, respectively. After 14 d of immersion in simulated body fluid (SBF), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), and inductively coupled plasma emission (ICP) spectroscopy analyses showed that a bioactive Ca-P layer was formed on the surface of the fibers, meaning that they exhibit a bioactive behavior. The samples showed around 120% max. swelling in physiological conditions. The pore sizes of 3-D chitosan fiber mesh scaffolds were observed to be in the range of 100-500 microm by SEM. The equilibrium-swelling ratio of the developed scaffolds was found to be around 170% (w/w) in NaCl solution at 37 degrees C. Besides that, the limit swelling strain was less than 30%, as obtained by mechanical spectroscopy measurements in the same conditions. The viscoelastic properties of the scaffolds were also evaluated by both creep and dynamic mechanical tests. By means of using short-term MEM extraction test, both types of structures (fibers and scaffolds) were found to be non-cytotoxic to fibroblasts. Furthermore, osteoblasts directly cultured over chitosan fiber mesh scaffolds presented good morphology and no inhibition of cell proliferation could be observed.Osteoblast-like cells proliferating over chitosan based fibers after 7 d of culture.
Tuzlakoglu
Kadriye
K
Department of Polymer Engineering, University of Minho, Campus de Azurém, 4800-058 Guimarães, Portugal.
Alves
Catarina M
CM
Mano
Joao F
JF
Reis
Rui L
RL
D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D048271:Chitosan / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D003601:Cytotoxicity Tests, Immunologic; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D016062:Porosity; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D013718:Tensile Strength; D023822:Tissue Engineering
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D048271:Chitosan