Disposition kinetics of doxycycline in chickens naturally infected with Mycoplasma gallisepticum.
1. The pharmacokinetic properties of doxycycline were determined in healthy chickens and chickens naturally infected with Mycoplasma gallisepticum after a single intravenous (i.v.) and oral administration of the drug at 20 mg/kg body weight. Tissue residues of the tested drug after an oral dose of 20 mg/kg given twice daily for 5 consecutive days were also estimated in diseased chickens. 2. The plasma concentrations of doxycycline following single i.v. and oral administration were higher in healthy chickens than in diseased ones. Following i.v. injection, the elimination half-life (t1/2beta), distribution half-life and mean residence time (MRT) were longer in healthy chickens than in diseased birds. The values of total body clearance (ClB) and volume of distribution (Vdss) were larger in healthy chickens than in diseased birds. 3. After single oral administration, the absorption half-life (tl/2ab) and the elimination half-life were longer in normal birds than in diseased ones. The maximum plasma concentration of the drug was higher in normal chickens than in diseased ones. 4. Following repeated oral administration, the concentration of doxycycline in all tissues except muscle was higher than the corresponding concentrations in plasma. Concentrations of doxycycline in different tissues were in the following order: kidney > liver > lung > muscle. The drug was detected in liver and kidney in substantial concentrations on d 5 post administration of the last dose whereas, on d 7, its concentration in all tissues was below the lower limit of the sensitivity of the assay method used. Because of the low sensitivity of the microbiological assay method used in this study, a safe withdrawal time for doxycycline in diseased birds could not be estimated for the meanwhile.
Ismail
M M
MM
Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Egypt. M_Ism@hotmail.com
El-Kattan
Y A
YA
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001682:Biological Availability; D002645:Chickens / Q000378:metabolism*; D004318:Doxycycline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006207:Half-Life; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D009175:Mycoplasma Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D045686:Mycoplasma gallisepticum; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004318:Doxycycline