Endoscopic clip application for closure of esophageal perforations caused by EMR.
BACKGROUND
With increasing use of EMR for early stage esophageal carcinoma, the number of cases of iatrogenic esophageal perforation is likely to increase. This study evaluated the results of endoscopic clip application for treatment of perforations caused by EMR in patients with esophageal carcinoma.


METHODS
Among 185 patients who underwent EMR for esophageal carcinoma, esophageal perforation occurred in 3 patients (1.6%). Metallic clips were immediately applied endoscopically to close the perforations.


METHODS
All 3 patients were observed closely and were managed conservatively (intravenous hyperalimentation, antibiotics) after closure of the perforation. They were discharged without any further serious complication.


CONCLUSIONS
When esophageal perforation caused by EMR is immediately recognized, endoscopic application of metallic clips is appropriate therapy. However, patients must be carefully monitored for the development of generalized mediastinitis.
Shimizu
Yuichi
Y
Third Department of Internal Medicine, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
Kato
Mototsugu
M
Yamamoto
Junji
J
Nakagawa
Souichi
S
Komatsu
Yoshito
Y
Tsukagoshi
Hiroyuki
H
Fujita
Masahiro
M
Hosokawa
Masao
M
Asaka
Masahiro
M
D000368:Aged; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D004939:Esophageal Perforation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D004945:Esophagoscopy; D004947:Esophagus / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease; D007431:Intraoperative Complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000601:surgery; D013525:Surgical Instruments; D014463:Ultrasonography