Analysis of the degree of conversion of LED and halogen lights using micro-Raman spectroscopy.
This study determined the degree of conversion of two LED (light-emitting diodes) (Elipar FreeLight [FL], 3M ESPE; GC e-Light [EL], GC), a high intensity (Elipar TriLight [TL], 3M ESPE) and a very high intensity (Astralis 10 [AS], Ivoclar Vivadent) halogen light. The degree of conversion of these lights was compared to a conventional halogen light (Max [MX] (control), Dentsply-Caulk). Ten different light curing regimens, including pulse (EL1), continuous (FL1, EL2, TL1), turbo (EL3, AS1) and soft-start (FL2, EL4, TL2) modes of various lights were also investigated. Composite specimens of dimensions 3 x 3 x 2 mm were cured with the 10 different light curing regimens investigated. Micro-Raman spectroscopy was used to determine the degree of conversion at the top and bottom surfaces of a composite restorative (Z100, [3M ESPE]) at 60 minutes post-light polymerization. Five specimens were made for each cure mode. The results were analyzed using ANOVA/Scheffe's post-hoc test and Independent Samples t-tests at significance level 0.05. The degree of conversion ranged from 55.98 +/- 2.50 to 59.00 +/- 2.76% for the top surface and 51.90 +/- 3.36 to 57.28 +/- 1.56% for the bottom surface. No significant difference in degree of conversion was observed for the 10 light curing regimens when compared to MX (control). The curing efficiency of LED lights was comparable to halogen lights regardless of curing modes.
Soh
M S
MS
Department of Restorative Dentistry, Faculty of Dentistry, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
Yap
Adrian U J
AU
Yu
T
T
Shen
Z X
ZX
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects*; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D008029:Lighting / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015591:Microspectrophotometry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman; D013499:Surface Properties; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects
D003188:Composite Resins; D011108:Polymers; C083568:Z100 composite resin; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D015040:Zirconium