Coartemether (artemether and lumefantrine): an oral antimalarial drug.
Coartemether (Riamet, Coartem, Novartis), a tablet formulation of artemether and lumefantrine, is a well-tolerated, fast-acting and effective blood schizontocidal drug that serves primarily in the treatment of uncomplicated falciparum malaria that is resistant to other antimalarials. Initial clinical-parasitological response relies mainly on the artemether component, while lumefantrine effects radical cure. The absorption of lumefantrine is poor during the fasting state, the normal condition in acutely ill malaria patients, but with return to normal diet it becomes adequate. This highlights the need for an appropriate adjustment of the dose regimen. In the area where Plasmodium falciparum shows the highest degree of multidrug resistance worldwide, the best results (99% cure) were obtained with a six-dose regimen given over 5 days. Extensive cardiological investigations have demonstrated the high cardiac safety of coartemether.
Department of Specific Prophylaxis and Tropical Medicine, University of Vienna, Kinderspitalgasse 15, A-1095 Vienna, Austria. walther.h.wernsdorfer@univie.ac.at.
Walther H
WH
Wernsdorfer
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077549:Artemether; D037621:Artemisinins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004338:Drug Combinations; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005449:Fluorenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D000078102:Lumefantrine; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D000962:Antimalarials; D037621:Artemisinins; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004983:Ethanolamines; D005449:Fluorenes; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D000077549:Artemether; D000078102:Lumefantrine