Single-session percutaneous ethanol sclerotherapy in simple renal cysts in children: long-term follow-up.
BACKGROUND
Simple renal cysts are rare in children and managed conservatively unless symptomatic.


OBJECTIVE
To demonstrate the efficacy and long-term results of single-session ethanol sclerotherapy in symptomatic simple renal cysts in children.


METHODS
Three simple renal cysts in three children (age 1, 5 and 16 years) were included in the study. Indications for treatment were flank pain (n = 1), hypertension (n = 1), and increasing cyst size and urinary tract infection (n = 1). The mean follow-up period was 5.5 years (range 3-7 years). The procedures were performed with the guidance of US and fluoroscopy and under IV sedation. After the cystogram, 95% ethanol with a volume of 40% of the cyst volume (but not more than 100 ml) was used as the sclerosing agent.


RESULTS
Two cysts disappeared completely, while the volume reduction was 99% for the third cyst at the end of the first year. CT demonstrated calcification of the cyst without an enhancing soft-tissue component in the third one 7 years after sclerotherapy. After the procedures, hypertension and pain resolved without any medication. There were no complications during the procedures or during follow-up. Cytological examination was unremarkable in all patients.


CONCLUSIONS
Percutaneous treatment of symptomatic simple renal cysts in children with single-session ethanol sclerotherapy is a safe, effective and minimally invasive procedure. Calcification owing to sclerotherapy can be observed on follow-up.
Department of Radiology, Hacettepe University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. akincid@hotmail.com
Devrim
D
Akinci
Burcak
B
Gumus
Orhan S
OS
Ozkan
Mustafa N
MN
Ozmen
Okan
O
Akhan
D000293:Adolescent; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003560:Cysts / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D004322:Drainage; D000431:Ethanol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D012597:Sclerosing Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015911:Sclerotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D014463:Ultrasonography
D012597:Sclerosing Solutions; D000431:Ethanol