Serotonergic antidepressant effects on aggressive, self-injurious and destructive/disruptive behaviours in intellectually disabled adults: a retrospective, open-label, naturalistic trial.
There is a growing body of evidence that serotonergic antidepressants are useful in the treatment of maladaptive behaviours in the intellectually disabled. However, not all studies have shown positive results due to lack of efficacy, tolerance development, and troublesome side-effects. The current study consisted of a review of the treatment response to a variety of serotonergic antidepressants, consisting of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs ) (n = 36) and clomipramine (n = 2) in 38 institutionalized intellectually disabled adults (20 males, 18 females; mean age 45.6 yr, age range 18-74 yr). Those studied were treated for aggression, self-injurious behaviours, destructive/disruptive behaviours, depression/dysphoria, or a combination of these or other challenging behaviours. Most were receiving concurrent psychotropic and/or anticonvulsant medications. Effectiveness was determined by a retrospective review of the summaries of multidisciplinary Neuropsychiatric Behavioural Reviews (NBRs) in which global and specific maladaptive behaviours were rated on a 1- to 7-point scale, and by psychologists' ratings of target behaviours. Overall, statistically significant decreases in the ratings of global maladaptive behaviour and aggression, self-injurious behaviour, destruction/disruption and depression/dysphoria and in psychologists' ratings occurred in the subject group after the initiation of antidepressants. The results suggest that serotonergic antidepressants are useful in the treatment of challenging/maladaptive behaviours in the intellectually disabled.
Janowsky
David S
DS
Department of Psychiatry, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7175, USA. David_Janowsky@med.unc.edu
Shetty
Mahesh
M
Barnhill
Jarrett
J
Elamir
Belal
B
Davis
John M
JM
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000374:Aggression / Q000187:drug effects*; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D002997:Clomipramine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007326:Institutionalization; D008607:Intellectual Disability / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010348:Patient Care Team; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016728:Self-Injurious Behavior / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D018490:Serotonin Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012920:Social Behavior Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D014754:Violence / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology
D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D002997:Clomipramine; D018490:Serotonin Agents; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors