title: Facilitating resident information seeking regarding meals in a special care unit: an environmental design intervention.
abstract: Repetitive questions and requests for information are common in older adults with dementia. The purpose of this environmental design intervention was to provide residents continuous access to information about common mealtime questions with the intent of decreasing agitation around mealtimes and facilitating more pleasant patient-staff and patient-patient interactions. A special care unit for residents with dementia of the Alzheimer's type was the setting. During the intervention conditions, a large clock and a sign with large lettering that identified mealtimes were hung in the dining area. Direct observations of 35 residents were conducted at mealtimes for a 5-month period. Results showed reductions from baseline to the intervention phase in food-related questions or requests. These results suggest a simple, inexpensive environmental change intervention can reduce repetitive questions commonly exhibited by individuals with dementia.
authors.affiliation: University of Pittsburgh and Western Psychiatric Institute Clinic, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Beth A D
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Nolan
authors.forename: R Mark
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Mathews
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged / Q000523:psychology; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000451:nursing* / Q000523:psychology; D003625:Data Collection / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005522:Food Services / Q000592:standards*; D005851:Geriatric Nursing / Q000379:methods*; D006707:Homes for the Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008612:Menu Planning; D015146:Midwestern United States; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research; D009735:Nursing Homes; D009949:Orientation; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D013664:Teaching Materials / Q000592:standards*; D013997:Time Factors