title: Effect of hormonal replacement therapy on autonomic regulation of the heart.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Increased incidence of cardiovascular diseases frequently reported in postmenopausal women may follow disturbed activity of cardiac autonomic nervous system (cANS). Our purpose was to evaluate the influence of continuous combined hormonal replacement therapy (ccHRT) on cANS reflected by parameters of heart rate variability (HRV).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty four healthy postmenopausal women aged 56+/-6 years (7+/-4 years after last menorrhoea) were divided into 2 equal groups--women receiving ccHRT (serum estradiol--81+/-75 ng/l, FSH--45+/-27 IU/l) and control group (serum estradiol--31+/-45 ng/l, FSH--74+/-32 IU/l). The ccHRT women have been receiving daily 50 mg of 17beta-estradiol (Oesclim 50, Fournier) in transcutaneous depot and 5 mg of oral progesterone (Duphaston, Solway Pharma) for recent 1.4+/-0.6 years. All recordings began at 8.00 a.m. and were carried out in supine position and resting conditions (room temperature 24 degrees C). The protocol applied consisted of 5 min. of resting ECG recording, 5 min. of deep breathing (DB) test, 6 min of sham feeding (SF) and 5 min. of ECG recording after SF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis of the resting HRV didn't reveal any significant differences between the compared groups. In the control group during DB increases of mean LF (455+/-500 vs. 1381+/-1540; p<0.001) and LF/HF (1.5+/-1.1 vs. 5.4+/-4.3; p=0.002) ratio were observed. No influence of SF on HRV was noticed in this group. In the ccHRT women significant increases of mean LF (189+/-125 vs. 728+/-929; p=0.02) and LF/HF ratio (3.1+/-4.8 vs. 9+/-7.3; p=0.002) were observed during DB. SF revealed significant increases of mean RR (841+/-92 vs. 918+/-82; p<0.001), SDNN (35+/-14 vs. 43+/-20; p=0.02), LF (189+/-125 vs. 372+/-434; p=0.03) and HF (150+/-133 vs. 300+/-332; p=0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results revealed increased reactivity of the HRV parameters to vagal stimulation by DB and SF in the postmenopausal women receiving ccHRT that suggests increased activity of cANS in the analysed group. Application of ccHRT restores the premenopausal reactivity of cANS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathophysiology, Medical College of Jagiellonian University, Cracow. tombanach@poczta.onet.pl
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Banach
authors.forename: Lukasz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dobrek
authors.forename: Tomasz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Milewicz
authors.forename: Władysława
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kolasińska-Kloch
authors.forename: Józef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krzysiek
authors.forename: Piotr J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Thor
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001341:Autonomic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004958:Estradiol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D005260:Female; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000187:drug effects*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011374:Progesterone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol