title: Stigma impact on Moroccan families of patients with schizophrenia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  First, to explore whether in Morocco, a non-Western country, family members of patients with schizophrenia suffer from stigma and, if they do, which areas of their lives are most affected; and second, to explore family members' knowledge about the illness and their attitudes toward the patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted among 100 family members accompanying patients with schizophrenia. We used a heteroquestionnaire that inquired about family members' and patients' sociodemographic data, family members' knowledge of the patients' illness, their attitudes and behaviours toward the patient, and their perception of stigma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Family members' mean age was 47.44 years, SD 12.83; 69% were women; 38% had no education; and 77% had no professional activity. Most families (76%) reported having no knowledge about the illness. However, the illness was considered to be incurable (39%), severe (37%), chronic (80%), and handicapping (48%) and was believed to be caused by drug use (25%), stressing life events (such as conflict or bereavement; 46%), sorcery (25%), organic disturbance (30%), or heredity (23%). We found that most of the families suffer from stigma and discrimination. A total of 86.7% reported they have hard lives because of the illness, and 72% reported psychological suffering caused by sleep and relationship disturbances and a poor quality of life.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, we found that Moroccan families of patients with schizophrenia suffer from stigma. We found the same results in European, In North American, and in some Arab and Islam countries. Despite the belief that traditional societies are more supportive of the weak and the sick, stigma is a major burden in addition to that of the illness.
authors.affiliation: University Psychiatric Center Ibn Rushd, Casablanca, Morocco. n.kadri@casanet.net.ma
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kadri
authors.forename: Fatiha
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Manoudi
authors.forename: Soumia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Berrada
authors.forename: Driss
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Moussaoui
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017281:Cost of Illness; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005192:Family Health; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009018:Morocco; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000208:ethnology*; D013240:Stereotyping; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires