title: [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose uptake in recurrent thyroid cancer is related to hexokinase i expression in the primary tumor.
abstract: Patients suspected of recurrent differentiated thyroid cancer (DTC) may require "blind" (131)I therapy, with the disadvantage of unpredictable efficacy and toxicity. Alternatively, positron emission tomography (PET) with [(18)F]fluorodeoxyglucose ((18)FDG) can document the recurrence, thereby rationalizing therapeutic options. This study compared (18)FDG uptake in vivo with biomarkers expected to be involved in the underlying biological mechanisms. Additionally, we investigated whether such features were present in the primary tumors. Preoperatively, 19 patients with recurrent DTC underwent PET. (18)FDG uptake was compared with histological and immunohistochemical features in surgical specimens of recurrent and primary tumor. Thirteen of 19 recurrences were positive at PET, and (18)FDG uptake was associated with the expression of hexokinase type I (HK I; P = 0.011). All lesions with HK I overexpression were positive on (18)FDG PET. HK I expression in the original primary tumor and the metastases was similar in 82% (rho = 0.648; P = 0.005). In suspected recurrent thyroid cancer, stratification for (18)FDG PET may benefit from pretest immunohistochemical analysis of HK I of the primary tumor, as HK I negativity indicates a low likelihood of PET positivity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine and PET Research, Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hooft
authors.forename: A A M
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: van der Veldt
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: van Diest
authors.forename: O S
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Hoekstra
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Berkhof
authors.forename: G J J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Teule
authors.forename: C F M
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Molthoff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006593:Hexokinase / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D013552:Swine; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; C472074:HK1 protein, human; D006593:Hexokinase