title: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) of hippocampus, basal ganglia, and vermis of cerebellum in schizophrenia associated with idiopathic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (Gilbert's syndrome).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Whether patients with schizophrenia-associated idiopathic unconjugated hyperbilirubinemia (Gilbert's syndrome, GS) have specific changes in brain metabolism was examined in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study applied proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-MRS) to the hippocampus, basal ganglia, and vermis of the cerebellum of schizophrenic patients with GS (n=15) or without GS (n=15), all diagnosed according to DSM-IV criteria, and healthy subjects (n=15).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the hippocampus, schizophrenic patients with GS showed a significant decrease of N-acetyl aspartate/creatine-phosphocreatinine (NAA/Cr) and myoinositol/creatine-phosphocreatinine (mI/Cr) ratios compared to healthy subjects and schizophrenic patients without GS, while schizophrenic patients without GS showed only a significant decrease of NAA/Cr compared to healthy subjects. In the basal ganglia, schizophrenic patients with GS showed a significant decrease of ml/Cr compared to schizophrenic patients without GS and healthy subjects, and schizophrenic patients with GS showed a significant decrease of NAA/Cr compared to healthy subjects. In the vermis of the cerebellum, schizophrenic patients with GS showed only a significant decrease of ml/Cr compared to healthy subjects, although schizophrenic patients without GS did not show a significant decrease of ml/Cr compared to healthy subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that schizophrenia with GS is a more severe sub-type with regard to brain metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Shimane University Medical School, 89-1 Enyacho, Izumo 693-8501, Japan. Miyanyan@med.shimane.u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyaoka
authors.forename: Rei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yasukawa
authors.forename: Shoichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mizuno
authors.forename: Tsuruhei
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sukegawa
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inagaki
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Horiguchi
authors.forename: Haruo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Seno
authors.forename: Kazushige
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitagaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005878:Gilbert Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D011522:Protons; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D011522:Protons