title: A microelectrode/microelectronic hybrid device for brain implantable neuroprosthesis applications.
abstract: We have designed, fabricated, and characterized a microminiaturized "neuroport" for brain implantable neuroprosthesis applications, using an analog CMOS integrated circuit and a silicon based microelectrode array. An ultra-low power, low-noise CMOS preamplifier array with integral multiplexing was designed to accommodate stringent thermal and electrophysiological requirements for implantation in the brain, and a hybrid integration approach was developed to fabricate a functional microminiaturized neuroprobe device. Measurements showed that our fully scalable 16-channel CMOS amplifier chip had an average gain of 44 dB, bandwidth from 10 Hz to 7.3 kHz, and an equivalent input noise of approximately 9 microVrms with an average power consumption per preamplifier of 52 microW, which is consistent with simulation results. As a proof-of-concept demonstration, we have measured local field potentials from thalamocortical brain slices of rats, showing oscillatory behavior with an amplitude about 0.5 mV and a period ranging 80-120 ms. The results suggest that the hybrid integrated neuroport can form a prime platform for the development of a next level microminiaturized neural interface to the brain in a single implantable unit.
authors.affiliation: Division of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
authors.forename: William R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.forename: Yoon-Kyu
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Christopher W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Bull
authors.forename: Ilker
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ozden
authors.forename: Andrew P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Deangellis
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lay
authors.forename: J Lucas
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: McKay
authors.forename: Arto V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Nurmikko
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Donoghue
authors.forename: Barry W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Connors
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D000669:Amplifiers, Electronic; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000295:instrumentation*; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008839:Microelectrodes; D008904:Miniaturization; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000502:physiology*; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000534:rehabilitation; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014584:User-Computer Interface