Negative symptoms, trauma, and autobiographical memory: an investigation of individuals recovering from psychosis.
Psychological research on negative symptoms in schizophrenia is scarce. The aim of this study was to explore the relationship between negative symptoms and trauma in individuals recovering from a psychotic illness. Specifically, the aim was to examine the association between negative symptoms and traumatic reactions to psychosis and to hospitalization. We were also interested in the association between traumatic reactions and autobiographical memory. The design was a cross-sectional investigation of 38 people recovering from functional psychotic illness. Hypotheses were examined using correlations between measures of negative symptoms, posttraumatic avoidance, and specificity of autobiographical retrieval. Negative symptoms were found to be significantly associated with avoidance of traumatic memories related to psychosis and hospitalization and with a lack of specificity in autobiographical recall. Further analysis showed that avoidance related to psychosis and low specificity in recall were significant predictors of negative symptoms. These data suggest that people who avoid traumatic memories of psychosis and hospitalization have more negative symptoms and retrieve fewer specific autobiographical memories. The possibility that negative symptoms may be reactive is explored, along with the implications for our theoretical and clinical understanding. The methodological limitations of the study and ideas for future research are discussed.
Harrison
Claire L
CL
Department of Clinical Psychology, Older People's Mental Services, The Bungalow, Peterborough, United Kingdom.
Fowler
David
D
D000328:Adult; D003289:Convalescence / Q000523:psychology*; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D014936:Word Association Tests