title: Effects of Papaver rhoeas extract on the expression and development of morphine-dependence in mice.
abstract: The problem of drug dependence still remains unresolved. In the present study, the effects of water-alcohol extract of Papaver rhoeas on the expression and acquisition of naloxone-induced jumping and diarrhea in morphine-dependent mice were investigated. Administration of three daily doses of morphine (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg) for three days in order to develop dependence to morphine caused a significant and dose-dependent increase in the number of jumping and diarrhea when the animals were challenged with naloxone (4 mg/kg). On the other hand, administration with the plant extract (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) did not show any effect. Injection of extract (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) 30 min before the naloxone administration in morphine-dependent mice decreased the number of jumping and diarrhea. Administration of extract (25, 50 and 100 mg/kg) 30 min before morphine injection increased the number of jumping but decreased the diarrhea. It could be concluded that the extract of Papaver rhoeas can ameliorate the withdrawal syndrome in morphine-dependent mice. Therefore, the extract might be useful to treatment of withdrawal signs in opioid addicts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pourmotabbed
authors.forename: Baharak
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rostamian
authors.forename: Gilla
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Manouchehri
authors.forename: Gilla
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pirzadeh-Jahromi
authors.forename: Hedayat
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sahraei
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ghoshooni
authors.forename: Homeira
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zardooz
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamalnegad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D051379:Mice; D009021:Morphine Dependence / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010207:Papaver; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018514:Plant Structures; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts