title: Development of an ELISA for the detection of the residues of the fungicide iprovalicarb.
abstract: A competitive indirect enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay was developed for the fungicide iprovalicarb, using a polyclonal antibody produced against a hapten conjugated through the carboxyl group on the benzene ring to keyhole limpet hemocyanin. Under an optimized condition using a heterologous format, an IC(50) of 3.51 ng/mL and the lowest detection limit of 0.065 ng/mL were obtained. When the isopropoxy group was removed from the iprovalicarb structure for the synthesis of a hapten, the resulting hapten was not successful as an immunogen, indicating that the isopropyl moiety was an important epitope, as evidenced by the cross-reactivities of some structurally related compounds. When applied to the real crop and water samples, the recoveries were in the range of 80.52-144.70% (n = 4) and 72.11-100.43% (n = 4), respectively. Accordingly, this ELISA can be used as a useful method for monitoring iprovalicarb residues in crop and water samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 361-763, Korea. jklee@cbnu.ac.kr
authors.forename: Jae Koo
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sun Hwa
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Eun Young
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yun Jung
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kee Sung
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kyung
mesh_terms: D000918:Antibody Specificity; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D002219:Carbamates / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000737:chemistry; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D000939:Epitopes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000032:analysis*; D006241:Haptens / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D007106:Immune Sera / Q000276:immunology; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D014633:Valine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002219:Carbamates; D000939:Epitopes; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D006241:Haptens; D007106:Immune Sera; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D014867:Water; C488831:iprovalicarb; D014633:Valine