title: Interactions between physical activity and variants of the genes encoding uncoupling proteins -2 and -3 in relation to body weight changes during a 10-y follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine interactions between physical activity and possibly functional variants of the genes encoding uncoupling proteins -2 and -3 in relation to body weight change. We hypothesize that physical inactivity acts synergistically with a 45 bp insertion variant in the 3'untranslated region (3'UTR) of the UCP2-gene and with a t-allele of codon -55 in the promoter of the UCP3-gene in relation to subsequent weight change.
  
  
  METHODS
  Population-based longitudinal study of cohorts of juvenile obese and nonobese men, who were identified at the mandatory draft board examination in Copenhagen and adjacent regions at a median age of 19 y in 1943-77 and later examined at general health surveys in 1981-83 and 1991-93. The juvenile obese cohort included 568 men who at the draft board had a BMI > or =31 kg/m2 and the cohort of controls included 717 randomly selected draftees.
  
  
  METHODS
  Height and weight were measured, and information about physical activity was collected from a self-administered questionnaire. The genotyping of the polymorphisms was performed using RFLP techniques. The main outcome measure was change in BMI during the 10-y follow-up period. Additional outcome measures were obesity, waist circumference and body fat mass index measured at follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Physical activity, the 3'UTR insertion polymorphism and the -55 c/t polymorphism were not consistently associated with changes in BMI, and there were no evidence for interactions between the UCP-variants and physical activity in relation to changes in BMI. No evidence for interaction between the UCP-variants and physical activity was found in relation to the additional obesity measures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study does not support that interactions between physical activity and variants in the UCP2- or UCP3-gene are major determinants of subsequent weight changes in Danish Caucasian men.
authors.affiliation: Danish Epidemiology Science Centre at the Institute of Preventive Medicine, Copenhagen University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Berentzen
authors.forename: L T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Dalgaard
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: T I A
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Sørensen
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D006801:Humans; D007473:Ion Channels; D007899:Leisure Activities; D008297:Male; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D000071246:Uncoupling Protein 2; D000071247:Uncoupling Protein 3
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D007473:Ion Channels; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; C000604389:UCP2 protein, human; C000604392:UCP3 protein, human; D000071246:Uncoupling Protein 2; D000071247:Uncoupling Protein 3