title: Post-traumatic glioma. Report of four cases and review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To add a further contribution to the literature supporting the relationship between previous head trauma and development of glioma.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report on four patients who developed brain gliomas in the scar of an old brain injury.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All cases fulfilled the widely established criteria for brain tumors of traumatic origin. In all of our cases there was radiological evidence of absence of tumor at the time of the injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We believe that in specific cases it is reasonable to acknowledge an etiological association between a severe head trauma and the development of a glioma. This assumption is further sustained if there is radiological and surgical documentation of the absence of neoplasia at the moment of the trauma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, INM Neuromed IRCCS, Pozzilli, Italy. salvati.maurizio@libero.it
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salvati
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Caroli
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rocchi
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frati
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brogna
authors.forename: Epimenio Ramundo
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Orlando
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005910:Glioma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed