title: Ambulatory tympanomastoid surgery in children: factors affecting hospital admission.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify clinical factors associated with postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) and failure to discharge from the hospital on the day of surgery in children undergoing tympanomastoid surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Records of 144 children undergoing 152 tympanomastoid surgical procedures from July 1, 2001, through June 30, 2002, were retrospectively reviewed and the data analyzed.
  
  
  METHODS
  A tertiary care university-affiliated hospital.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean +/- SD age of the cases was 11 +/- 3.7 years. Sixty-eight cases (45%) were middle ear procedures, while 84 cases (55%) were mastoid procedures. Forty-three cases (28%) were discharged home from the postanesthesia care unit (PACU), 55 cases (36%) were discharged on the day of surgery, and 142 cases (92%) were discharged home from the day surgery unit (DSU) within 23 hours after surgery. Patients who underwent mastoid procedures were more likely to require intravenous (IV) morphine sulfate in the PACU (75% vs 56%; P = .02) and were less likely to be discharged from PACU (15% vs 44%; P<.001) compared with patients who had middle ear procedures. In patients who underwent mastoid procedures, the presence of cholesteatoma (odds ratio, 1.9; 95% confidence interval, 1.0-3.7; P = .04) was associated with a higher likelihood of PONV. In both groups, the need for IV morphine sulfate to control pain on admission to DSU was associated with a higher occurrence of PONV. Factors that were significantly associated with failure to discharge from the hospital on the day of surgery were a pain score of 5 or greater, the presence of PONV, and the requirement of IV morphine sulfate on admission to DSU.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Factors associated with higher risks of PONV and failure to discharge from the hospital on the day of surgery include the presence of cholesteatoma, a pain score of 5 or greater, and the requirement of IV morphine sulfate at the time admission to the DSU.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, USA. rashedh48@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Rashed A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hasan
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: LaRouere
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kartush
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bojrab
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D004427:Ear Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008416:Mastoid / Q000601:surgery*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000209:etiology; D010343:Patient Admission; D020250:Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting / Q000209:etiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014433:Tympanoplasty / Q000009:adverse effects*