title: Vascular injury induces expression of periostin: implications for vascular cell differentiation and migration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Periostin mRNA is among the most strongly upregulated transcripts in rat carotid arteries after balloon injury. The goal of the present study was to gain insight into the significance of periostin in the vasculature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Periostin expression after injury was localized to smooth muscle cells of the neointima and the adventitia. The expression of periostin in smooth muscle cells in vitro was not regulated by cytokines such as fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2). In contrast, stimulation of MC3T3-E1 osteoblastic cells, NIH3T3 fibroblasts, or mesenchymal C3H10T1/2 cells with FGF-2 reduced periostin mRNA levels to <5% of controls, whereas conversely bone morphogenetic protein-2 (BMP-2) increased periostin mRNA levels. Periostin expression was induced and maintained during retinoic acid-induced smooth muscle cell differentiation in A404 cells. In addition, overexpression of periostin in C3H10T1/2 cells caused an increase in cell migration that could be blocked with an anti-periostin antibody.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Periostin expression is associated with smooth muscle cell differentiation in vitro and promotes cell migration. Unlike other mesenchymally derived cell lines, periostin expression is not regulated by FGF-2 in smooth muscle cells. This distinction may be useful in discriminating smooth muscle and fibroblast lineages.
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Medicine, Maine Medical Center Research Institute, Scarborough, ME 04074, USA. lindnv@mmc.org
authors.forename: Volkhard
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Lindner
authors.forename: Qiaozeng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Conley
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Friesel
authors.forename: Calvin P H
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Vary
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020212:Carotid Artery Injuries / Q000235:genetics*; D002404:Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D003001:Cloning, Molecular / Q000379:methods; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; C082838:Postn protein, mouse; C512836:Postn protein, rat