title: Dietary lipids and gene expression.
abstract: Nutrition is a key environmental factor that is particularly involved in the pathogenesis and progression of several polygenic, diet-related diseases. Nutrigenomics refers to the interaction between nutrition and the human genome. Dietary fatty acids interact with multiple nutrient-sensitive transcription factors. This explains the molecular basis of some of the health effects associated with altered dietary fatty acid composition. The metabolic syndrome is a very common condition, characterized by insulin resistance, abdominal obesity, dyslipidaemia and hypertension. It often precedes Type 2 diabetes mellitus, and is associated with a greater risk of cardiovascular disease. Several lines of evidence suggest that the interaction between nutrient-derived metabolic stressors and pro-inflammatory signals play an important role in the aetiology of insulin resistance and the development of the metabolic syndrome. This paper will address the interaction between several nutrient-sensitive transcription factors, including SREBP (sterol-regulatory-element-binding protein) and NFkappaB (nuclear factor kappaB), demonstrating how this interaction may be altered with dietary fatty acid interventions.
authors.affiliation: Nutrigenomics Research Group, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland. hmroche@tcd.ie
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Roche
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D023281:Genomics; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids