title: State of the science for cardiovascular nursing outcomes: heart failure.
abstract: The incidence of heart failure is increasing because of the progressive aging of the population and improved survival from cardiovascular disease. This article synthesizes the state of the science of nurse sensitive outcomes in heart failure treated medically or surgically and provides recommendations for building the science. Outcomes studied include mortality, morbidity, resource use, quality of life, symptoms, physical function, return to work, and self-care and compliance behavior. Gaps in the literature are identified and recommendations for future research are provided.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, Midwifery and Health Visiting, University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. mary.c.deaton@man.ac.uk
authors.forename: Christi
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Deaton
authors.forename: Kathleen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Grady
mesh_terms: D000041:Absenteeism; D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006304:Health Status; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000451:nursing* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D009017:Morbidity; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research / Q000458:organization & administration*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D010349:Patient Compliance; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011788:Quality of Life; D012648:Self Care