title: The predictive value of the "Hull & Rutherford" classification for tubal damage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study explores the predictive value for live birth following tubal reconstructive surgery of the "Hull & Rutherford" (H&R) classification system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary infertility referral service, University of Bristol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Infertile women younger than 40 years with tubal damage undergoing tubal surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women (n= 192) were grouped according to three severity grades of disease based on the H&R classification. Essentially, the main features of grade I tubal damage were filmy adhesions, whereas grades II and III referred to unilateral severe damage and bilateral severe damage, respectively. Standard surgical techniques were employed. Pregnancy and live birth rates were calculated and compared using time-specific univariate Kaplan-Maier curves and multivariate Cox's regression analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pregnancy, ectopic and live birth within three years of surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant trend towards higher ectopic pregnancy rates (P < 0.001) with increasing severity of tubal damage was noted, but not miscarriage rates. Univariate analysis revealed significant differences in the live birth rates of 69%, 48% and 9% for grades I, II and III, respectively. Multivariate analysis (controlling for age, duration of and primary infertility) confirmed these differences to be significant with risk ratios of 13.7 (95% CI: 4.49-41.9) and 6.54 (95% CI: 2.48-17.24) for grades I and II disease, respectively, compared with grade III disease, used as the reference.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The H&R classification is a simple classification system that is able to distinguish women into three distinct groups giving a favourable, fair and poor prognosis for live birth following tubal surgery.
authors.affiliation: Division of Women's Health, Southmead Hospital, Bristol BS10 5NB, UK.
authors.forename: Valentine A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Akande
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Cahill
authors.forename: Peter G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Wardle
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Rutherford
authors.forename: Julian M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Jenkins
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005184:Fallopian Tube Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011271:Pregnancy, Ectopic / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies