title: Bond strengths of current adhesive systems on intact and ground enamel.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The goal of this study was to compare the microshear bond strengths of current adhesive systems to intact and ground enamel surfaces.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three commercially adhesive materials were examined: a two-step total-etching self-priming system (Single Bond, 3M ESPE, St. Paul, MN, USA), a two-step self-etching system (Clearfil SE Bond, Kuraray Co. Ltd., Osaka, Japan), and an all-in-one system (One-Up Bond F, Tokuyama Dental, Tokyo, Japan). The labial surfaces of extracted human incisors were used. For intact enamel surfaces, the teeth were polished with pumice. However, for the ground enamel, 0.5 mm deep, flat enamel surfaces at the midlabial aspect were ground with a no. 600 grit silicon carbide paper. Ground and intact enamel surfaces were bonded with one of three bonding systems and a resin composite and were subjected to a microshear bond test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The two self-etching systems demonstrated lower bond strengths than did the total-etching system on intact enamel (One-Up Bond F, 18.59 MPa; Clearfil SE Bond, 35.71 MPa; Single Bond, 47.20 MPa). No significant difference was found between the total-etching system and the two-step self-etching system on ground enamel (One-Up Bond F, 28.96 MPa; Clearfil SE Bond, 48.51 MPa; Single Bond, 51.07 MPa). Shear bond strengths on ground enamel were significantly higher than those on intact enamel except for the group that was bonded with the total-etching system.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The two-step adhesives showed significantly higher bond strengths than did the one-step adhesive. When applying the total-etching system, no significant differences in bond strength were demonstrated between bonding to intact and to ground enamel.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, Mahidol University, Mahidol, Thailand. dtpse@mahidol.ac.th
authors.forename: Pisol
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Senawongse
authors.forename: Vanthana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sattabanasuk
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Otsuki
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tagami
mesh_terms: D000269:Adhesives / Q000737:chemistry; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D045662:Dental Etching; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D011897:Random Allocation; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D033081:Shear Strength; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000269:Adhesives; C438313:Clearfil SE Bond; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D008689:Methacrylates; C446260:One-Up-Bond F; D019279:Resin Cements; C115612:single bond; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate