title: Tamoxifen fails to affect central serotonergic tone but increases indices of anxiety in female rhesus macaques.
abstract: The selective estrogen receptor modulator (SERM), tamoxifen, effectively slows the progression of estrogen-positive breast cancer and aids in the prevention of cancer in at-risk women. Tamoxifen is well characterized with regards to its effects on breast cancer, but its effects on other estrogen-related systems, particularly neural circuits regulating brain function and mood, are poorly understood. Using ovariectomized rhesus monkeys, we examined the effects of tamoxifen, with and without estrogen replacement therapy (ERT), on social behavior and central serotonin (5HT) systems thought to influence these behaviors. Relative to placebo treatments, estrogen treatment increased serotonergic tone, based on response in prolactin and cortisol to fenfluramine, a 5HT releasing agent. Tamoxifen neither blocked nor enhanced this effect, indicating it to be neither an antagonist nor an agonist on serotonergic activity. In contrast, CSF measures of the 5HT metabolite, 5HIAA, were not significantly affected by treatment. Tamoxifen-treated animals showed increases in measures of anxiety, compared with ERT-treated animals, suggesting that this SERM may be anxiogenic. Co-treatment with estrogen attenuated the anxiogenic properties of tamoxifen. These data show that tamoxifen administration increased anxiety levels, but the affect was not associated with differences in central levels of the serotonin tone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mook
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Felger
authors.forename: Franklynn
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Graves
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wallen
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D001007:Anxiety / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D005260:Female; D005277:Fenfluramine / Q000494:pharmacology; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D010052:Ovariectomy; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood; D011897:Random Allocation; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism*; D018490:Serotonin Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D012919:Social Behavior; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators; D018490:Serotonin Agents; D013629:Tamoxifen; D005277:Fenfluramine; D012701:Serotonin; D004958:Estradiol; D011388:Prolactin; D006854:Hydrocortisone