title: Diagnostic value of ultrasound and color Doppler in identifying axillary lymph node metastases in patients with breast cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the diagnostic ability of ultrasound and color Doppler in axillary lymph node metastases of patients with breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study including 55 patients with primitive, invasive, node negative breast cancer who underwent preoperative axillary ultrasound and color Doppler. Doppler and morphologic ultrasound criteria were applied to the identification of axillary lymph node metastases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The imagery study of all 55 patients identified a total of 141 nodes; 44 were considered to be positive according to established criteria. The histological examination of the axillary dissection revealed a total of 989 nodes; 77 out of 989 presented metastases; all invaded nodes belonged to 21 patients. The previous imagiologic study was positive for axillary lymph node metastases in 15 out of these 21 patients. A sensitivity of 71.4%, a specificity of 71.4%, a negative predictive value of 80.6% and a positive predictive value of 60.0% were achieved.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The imagery study of the axillary region through ultrasound and color Doppler might be useful in assessing axillary lymph node metastases in patients with breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, University Hospital of Coimbra (Portugal).
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Couto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gonçalo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color / Q000379:methods*