title: A prospective, randomized, double-blind comparison of unilateral spinal anesthesia with hyperbaric bupivacaine, ropivacaine, or levobupivacaine for inguinal herniorrhaphy.
abstract: In 60 patients undergoing inguinal hernia repair, we compared the clinical profile of unilateral spinal anesthesia produced with either 8 mg of hyperbaric bupivacaine 0.5% (n = 20), 8 mg of hyperbaric levobupivacaine 0.5% (n = 20), or 12 mg of hyperbaric ropivacaine 0.5% (n = 20). The study drug was injected slowly through a 25-gauge Whitacre directional needle and patients maintained the lateral decubitus position for 15 min. The onset time and intraoperative efficacy were similar in the three groups. The maximal level of sensory block on the operative and nonoperative sides was T6 (T12-5) and L3 (/[no sensory level detectable]-T4) with bupivacaine, T8 (T12-5) and L3 (/-T3) with levobupivacaine, T5 (T10-2) and T11 (/-T3) with ropivacaine (P = 0.11, P = 0.23, respectively). Complete regression of spinal anesthesia occurred after 166 +/- 42 min with ropivacaine, 210 +/- 63 min with levobupivacaine, and 190 +/- 51 min with bupivacaine (P = 0.03 and P = 0.04, respectively); however, no differences were observed in time for home discharge (329 +/- 89 min with bupivacaine, 261 +/- 112 min with levobupivacaine, and 332 +/- 57 min with ropivacaine [P = 0.28]). We conclude that 8 mg of levobupivacaine or 12 mg of ropivacaine are acceptable alternatives to 8 mg of bupivacaine when limiting spinal block at the operative side for inguinal hernia repair.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Anesthesiology, Vita-Salute University of Milano, IRCCS H San Raffaele, Milano, Italy; and †Department of Anesthesiology, University of Parma, Azienda Ospedaliera Parma, Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Casati
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moizo
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marchetti
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vinciguerra
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000399:Air Pressure; D000577:Amides; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D007022:Hypotension / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000187:drug effects; D015742:Propofol; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077212:Ropivacaine
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D002045:Bupivacaine; D015742:Propofol