title: [Eyelid drooping: diagnosis on the basis of an algorithm].
abstract: Five patients presented with eyelid drooping (blepharoptosis). A 26-year-old man with oculomotor disorders without anisocoria and a slow progressive course without fluctuations had a myogenic condition. His diplopia was alleviated by prism glasses. Surgical correction of the ptosis was planned. An 81-year-old man in whom the symptoms showed a course that varied over time had a disordered neuromuscular transmission that responded well to pyridostigmine. A 57-year-old man with oculomotor disorders and a dilated pupil on the affected side had an injury to the oculomotor nerve (and other cranial nerves), which remained stable after endovascular treatment of the causative aneurysm. A 22-year-old man had a constricted pupil (Horner's syndrome) and pain in the head and neck due to dissection of the internal carotid; his symptoms disappeared spontaneously. A 34-year-old woman had an isolated ptosis due to detachment of the aponeurosis of the M. levator palpebrae superioris following the chronic use of hard contact lenses; she was advised as to how to remove the lenses cautiously, to prevent further detachment. Eyelid drooping can have many causes. A systematic arrangement of the information gathered by a careful medical history and neurological examination often provides a reasonably accurate indication of the possible causes of the complaints.
authors.affiliation: Afd. Neurologie, VU Medisch Centrum, Postbus 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam. bw.vanoosten@vumc.nl
authors.forename: B W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: van Oosten
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: de Langen
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tissingh
authors.forename: W A E J
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: de Vries
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019882:Blepharoplasty / Q000379:methods; D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005143:Eyelids / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000601:surgery; D011379:Prognosis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index