title: Plasmodium berghei: efficacy and safety of combinations of chloroquine and promethazine in chloroquine resistant infections in gravid mice.
abstract: Efficacy and safety of combinations ofChloroquine (CQ) and doses of Promethazine (PR) against CQ resistant Plasmodium berghei infections in gravid mice was evaluated. Parasites were cleared faster in mice treated with CQ combined with doses of PR ranging from 20mg/kg to 50mg/kg (3.4 +/- 0.5 to 2.7 +/- 0.7) compared with CQ alone (4.7 +/- 0.8) (P<0.5). Parturition resulting in live pups in animals treated with CQ and 20mg/ kg and 30mg/kg of PR (81%) was significantly higher than in animals treated with CQ alone (44%) or saline (13%). Mean birth weight of pups delivered by infected gravid animals treated with CQ and 30mg/kg or 40mg/kg of PR (1.51 +/- 0.16 or 1.56 +/- 0.16) was significantly higher than animals treated with CQ alone (1.33 +/- 0.13) (P=0.00004, 0.0014 respectively). No gross malformations were observed in pups delivered by infected or non-infected animals treated with the combinations of chloroquine and Promethazine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Ibadan, Ibadan, Nigeria.
authors.forename: O O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Oduola
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Happi
authors.forename: G O
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Gbotosho
authors.forename: O A T
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Ogundahunsi
authors.forename: C O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Falade
authors.forename: D O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Akinboye
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sowunmi
authors.forename: A M J
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Oduola
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D001724:Birth Weight; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D020073:Gravidity; D008288:Malaria / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D036801:Parturition; D010962:Plasmodium berghei / Q000187:drug effects; D011247:Pregnancy; D015597:Pregnancy Complications, Parasitic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011398:Promethazine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D002738:Chloroquine; D011398:Promethazine