title: The relation between obesity, abdominal fat deposit and the angiotensin-converting enzyme gene I/D polymorphism and its association with coronary heart disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyse the relation between overweight, obesity and fat distribution with I/D polymorphism of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene and its association with coronary heart disease (CHD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional, case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 185 cases (141 males) who had suffered at least one episode of CHD and 182 controls (127 males).
  
  
  METHODS
  Body mass index, waist circumference, blood pressure, plasma total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL cholesterol and fasting glucose were measured with standard methods, genotyping the I/D polymorphism of ACE gene.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Obesity and abdominal fat deposit are associated with CHD in women, but not independently. We have found an association between obesity and abdominal fat deposit with the ACE gene I/D polymorphism in subjects with CHD. Subjects with CHD and DD or ID genotypes have significantly higher prevalence of obesity and abdominal fat deposit and higher values of weight and waist circumference. In addition, the DD and ID genotypes increased crude OR of obesity. The DD and ID genotypes of the ACE gene I/D polymorphism and BMI are independently associated with CHD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is a relation between the type and grade of obesity with the genotypes of the ACE gene I/D polymorphism in subjects with CHD.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario Dr. Peset, Valencia, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Riera-Fortuny
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Real
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Chaves
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morales-Suárez-Varela
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Martínez-Triguero
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Morillas-Ariño
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hernández-Mijares
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D001824:Body Constitution / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A