title: Atherosclerosis of the descending aorta predicts cardiovascular events: a transesophageal echocardiography study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous studies have shown that atherosclerosis of the descending aorta detected by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is a good marker of coexisting coronary artery disease. The aim of our study was to evaluate whether the presence of atherosclerosis on the descending aorta during TEE has any prognostic impact in predicting cardiovascular events.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group consisted of 238 consecutive in-hospital patients referred for TEE testing (135 males, 103 females, mean age 58 +/- 11 years) with a follow up of 24 months. The atherosclerotic lesions of the descending aorta were scored from 0 (no atherosclerosis) to 3 (plaque >5 mm and/or "complex" plaque with ulcerated or mobile parts).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Atherosclerosis was observed in 102 patients, (grade 3 in 16, and grade 2 in 86 patients) whereas 136 patients only had an intimal thickening or normal intimal surface. There were 57 cardiovascular events in the follow-up period. The number of events was higher in the 102 patients with (n = 34) than in the 136 patients without atherosclerosis (n = 23, p < 0.01). The frequency of events was in close correlation with the severity of the atherosclerosis of the descending aorta. Fifty percent of the patients with grade 3 experienced cardiovascular events. Excluding patients with subsequent revascularization, the multivariate analysis only left ventricular function with EF < 40% (HR 3.0, CI 1.3-7.1) and TEE atherosclerotic plaque >=2 (HR 2.4, CI 1.0-5.5) predicted hard cardiovascular events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Atherosclerosis of the descending aorta observed during transesophageal echocardiography is a useful predictor of cardiovascular events.
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Medicine and Cardiology Center, University of Sciences, Szeged, Hungary. vargaa@in2nd.szote.u-szged.hu
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Varga
authors.forename: Noemi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gruber
authors.forename: Tamás
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Forster
authors.forename: Györgyi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Piros
authors.forename: Kálmán
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Havasi
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jebelovszki
authors.forename: Miklos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Csanády
mesh_terms: D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality*; D003643:Death; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006814:Hungary / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality*; D011379:Prognosis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D020521:Stroke / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality*