title: Outcome of renal transplantation in children with pericardiopleural effusion.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Children with end-stage renal disease may present with pericardiopleural effusion secondary to volume overload and overhydration. The present study was designed to investigate the efficacy and safety of renal transplantation in these pediatric patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1981 to 2001, six of 20 patients (30%) under 18 years old who received renal transplants showed pericardiopleural effusion after serial pretransplant imaging studies. These patients also displayed associated diseases, such as congestive heart failure (n = 3), ascites (n = 2), and splenomegaly (n = 2). The recipients included five boys and one girl of mean age of 12.7 years (range, 8 to 17 years), all of whom had undergone hemodialysis before transplantation. The waiting time for grafts ranged from 1.3 to 6 years (mean = 2.6 years). Episodes of acute pulmonary edema had been observed in three patients pretransplant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One recipient died with a functioning graft due to heart failure with acute pulmonary edema at 4 months after transplantation. Acute rejection episodes were observed in three, and chronic rejection in two children. The median follow-up was 11 years (range = 6 to 16 years) in the other five recipients, all of whom presently survive with functioning grafts. The posttransplant mean serum creatinine levels at 1 year, 3 years, and 5 years were 1.54 +/- 0.44, 1.74 +/- 0.56, and 1.92 +/- 0.56 mg/dL, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Renal transplantation in children displaying pericardiopleural effusion was associated with a high success rate. However, these patients must be followed closely with regular cardiopulmonary evaluation since their condition may deteriorate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taoyuan, Taiwan. yuiok2681@cgmh.org.tw
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: T-H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.forename: K-L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Y-J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Chiang
authors.forename: C-T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: H-W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: S-H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D010490:Pericardial Effusion / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010996:Pleural Effusion / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014850:Waiting Lists