title: White blood cell and endothelial cell response to endovascular procedures in the leg.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The longterm patency of endovascular procedures is partly depending on restenosis by intimal hyperplasia, a process depending on inflammatory mechanisms resembling the mechanisms of normal repair and the process of atherosclerosis. The aim of this study was to characterize the inflammatory response of white blood cells (WBC) and endothelial cells following endovascular procedures in the leg.
  
  
  METHODS
  Venous blood samples were drawn from a cubital vein before and 2 hours after intervention in 19 patients suffering from peripheral arterial occlusive disease (PAOD). Flow cytometry was used to identify and determine the concentrations of WBC and platelets and to measure CD11b/CD18 on WBC and CD41 on platelets. Soluble endothelial markers (sICAM-1, sE-selectin, sP-selectin and sVCAM-1) were measured by ELISA technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  WBC were downregulated following endovascular procedures. The endothelial cell response was limited and only downregulation of sP-selectin reached significant levels. The results were more evident in the group of patients with critical limb ischemia (CLI) compared to patients with intermittent claudication (IC).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endovascular procedures in the leg evoke only a limited response which is depending on the degree of ischemia and the magnitude of the interventional procedure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Diseases, University Hospital MAS, Malmö, Sweden. peter.danielsson@skane.se
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Danielsson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Danielsson
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Truedsson
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Norgren
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D039481:CD11b Antigen / Q000097:blood; D018821:CD18 Antigens / Q000097:blood; D015536:Down-Regulation; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000097:blood; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000502:physiology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D007383:Intermittent Claudication / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D007511:Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D007866:Leg / Q000098:blood supply*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000502:physiology; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D039481:CD11b Antigen; D018821:CD18 Antigens; D019040:E-Selectin; D019007:P-Selectin; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1