title: Electric field effect in atomically thin carbon films.
abstract: We describe monocrystalline graphitic films, which are a few atoms thick but are nonetheless stable under ambient conditions, metallic, and of remarkably high quality. The films are found to be a two-dimensional semimetal with a tiny overlap between valence and conductance bands, and they exhibit a strong ambipolar electric field effect such that electrons and holes in concentrations up to 10(13) per square centimeter and with room-temperature mobilities of approximately 10,000 square centimeters per volt-second can be induced by applying gate voltage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Novoselov
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Geim
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Morozov
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: S V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Dubonos
authors.forename: I V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Grigorieva
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Firsov