title: The thrombin peptide, TP508, enhances cytokine release and activates signaling events.
abstract: The thrombin peptide, TP508, accelerates tissue repair and initiates a cascade of cellular events. We have previously shown that alpha-thrombin induces cytokine expression in human mononuclear cells. We, therefore, investigated the possibility that TP508 might activate cytokine production and intracellular signaling pathways associated with cytokine activation. Our results show that TP508 induces cytokine expression in human mononuclear cells. TP508 treatment enhances extracellular signal-regulated kinase (Erk1/2) activities in U937 cells, as well as Erk1/2 and p38 activation in Jurkat T cells. These data support the hypothesis that TP508 may accelerate tissue repair through the activation of the inflammatory response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro, 53100 Siena, Italy. naldini@unisi.it
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naldini
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Carraro
authors.forename: Cosima T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Baldari
authors.forename: Silvia Rossi
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Paccani
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bernini
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Keherly
authors.forename: Darrell H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Carney
mesh_terms: D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D007700:Kinetics; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000187:drug effects; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000187:drug effects; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D013917:Thrombin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020298:U937 Cells; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D007376:Interleukin-2; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D010455:Peptides; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D013917:Thrombin