title: Overexpression of histone deacetylase 1 confers resistance to sodium butyrate-mediated apoptosis in melanoma cells through a p53-mediated pathway.
abstract: Melanoma cells typically express wild-type p53, yet they are notoriously resistant to DNA-damaging agents. Here, we show that sodium butyrate (NaB), a histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor, induced apoptosis in human melanoma cells in a dose- and time-dependent manner. Apoptosis was associated with HDAC1-dependent induction of Bax and acetylation of p53. Down-regulation of HDAC1 by an antisense vector sensitized the cells to NaB-induced apoptosis, whereas its overexpression conferred resistance to this agent. Increased HDAC1 levels and activity impaired NaB-mediated activation of Bax promoter and Bax protein levels. Finally, using p53-null melanoma cell line and RNA interference in cells expressing wild-type p53 protein, we show that Bax induction and NaB-mediated apoptosis is p53 dependent.
authors.affiliation: Huffington Center on Aging and Department of Dermatology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. dbandyop@bcm.tmc.edu
authors.forename: Debdutta
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bandyopadhyay
authors.forename: Anupam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mishra
authors.forename: Estela E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Medrano
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D020148:Butyric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D056284:Histone Deacetylase 1; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000473:pathology*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000502:physiology*; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein
chemical_list: C494826:BAX protein, human; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D020148:Butyric Acid; C110550:HDAC1 protein, human; D056284:Histone Deacetylase 1; D006655:Histone Deacetylases