title: Comparison of gentamicin dose estimates derived from manual calculations, the Australian 'Therapeutic Guidelines: Antibiotic' nomogram and the SeBA-GEN and DoseCalc software programs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare gentamicin dose estimates from four predictive methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study was conducted, comprising patients at Fremantle Hospital who received gentamicin therapy and had at least one gentamicin serum concentration reported. A manual calculation method, the Australian 'Therapeutic Guidelines: Antibiotic' (TGA) nomogram and the SeBA-GEN and DoseCalc software packages were compared. SeBA-GEN dose estimates were regarded as the reference standard.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 64 males and 30 females with mean age of 58 +/- 16 years. In patients with moderate renal impairment (CL(Cr) = 30-60 ml min(-1); n = 21), mean dose estimates using DoseCalc and the manual calculation method were comparable to SeBA-GEN but the mean TGA nomogram dose (230 mg; 95% confidence interval 179, 281) was significantly lower than SeBA-GEN (286 mg; 261, 311; P = 0.002; one-way RM anova). In patients with mild renal impairment (CL(Cr) = 60-90 ml min(-1); n = 48), DoseCalc (392 mg; 367, 427) was comparable to SeBA-GEN (377 mg; 362, 392). Although the manual method (341 mg; 306, 376; P = 0.007) and the TGA nomogram (335 mg; 302, 368; P < 0.001) estimates were significantly lower than SeBA-GEN, the practical difference was modest.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SeBA-GEN and DoseCalc are generally comparable for estimation of gentamicin doses in patients with renal impairment. The 'Therapeutic Guidelines: Antibiotic' nomogram is a valid approach to dosage estimation, but only when used in patients with normal renal function. Simple manual calculations are a suitable alternative in patients with renal impairment.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Curtin University of Technology, Bentley, Western Australia, Australia.
authors.forename: Mitali
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mohan
authors.forename: Kevin T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Batty
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: Richard E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Wojnar-Horton
authors.forename: Kenneth F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Ilett
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004360:Drug Therapy, Computer-Assisted / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012984:Software / Q000592:standards*; D014904:Western Australia
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005839:Gentamicins