title: Combined transplantation of skeletal myoblasts and mesenchymal cells (cocultivation) in ventricular dysfunction after myocardial infarction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Cell therapy in the myocardium has been mainly performed with satisfactory results using 2 cell types: skeletal myoblasts (myogenic) and mesenchymal cells (angiogenic). This study assessed the combined transplantation of those 2 cell types (SMM) into infarcted rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Myocardial infarction was induced by ligature of the left coronary artery in 26 Wistar rats. After one week, the animals underwent echocardiography for assessing ejection fraction (EF%) and left ventricular end-diastolic and systolic volumes (EDV, ESV, mL). After 2 days, the animals were reoperated on and divided into 2 groups: 1) control (n = 10), which received 0.15 mL of culture medium; and 2) SMM (n = 16), which received 7.5x10(6) heterologous skeletal myoblasts and mesenchymal cells in the infarcted region. The cells were obtained from puncture of the iliac crest and biopsy of skeletal muscle, and were cultured in vitro. After one month, the animals underwent a new echocardiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant difference in EF, EDV, and ESV was observed between the 2 groups on baseline echocardiographic values. One month after transplantation, the following was observed: a reduction in EF in the control group (29.31 +/- 5.6% to 23.54 +/- 6.51%; P = 0.048); and an increase in EF in the SMM group (24.03 +/- 8.68% to 31.77 +/- 9.06%; P = 0.011). The presence of neovascularization and muscle fibers was identified in the regions of myocardial fibrosis in the SMM group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cocultivation of skeletal myoblasts and mesenchymal cells is functionally effective.
authors.affiliation: Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil. llccggss@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Luiz Cesar Guarita
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Katherine Athayde Teixeira de
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rebelatto
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Senegaglia
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Furuta
authors.forename: Nelson
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Miyague
authors.forename: Paula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Julio C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Francisco
authors.forename: Marcia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olandowski
authors.forename: Paulo Roberto Slud
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Brofman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D004719:Endomyocardial Fibrosis / Q000601:surgery; D032448:Myoblasts, Skeletal / Q000637:transplantation*; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*