title: Contribution of fetal MR imaging in the evaluation of cerebral ischemic lesions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Little is known about the different patterns of fetal cerebral ischemic lesions at MR imaging. Our purpose was to evaluate the contribution of MR imaging in the evaluation of such lesions by correlating the results with ultrasonography (US) and neurofetopathologic (NFP) findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined 28 fetuses (mean, 28 weeks' gestation) with cerebral ischemic lesions on NFP examination. MR findings were correlated with US and NFP results with regard to the depiction of gyration and parenchymal abnormalities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MR imaging added to US findings in 24 cases by revealing lesions (gyration abnormalities, parenchymal lesions). These results were either overlooked during US (n = 16) or more extensive than expected with US (n = 8). MR findings were always confirmed by NFP. NFP yielded additional findings for 14 lesions that were overlooked during MR imaging (n = 4) or that were more extensive than expected with MR imaging (n = 10). T1-, T2-, and T2*-weighted MR patterns of different lesions (cavitations, gliosis, softening of the white matter, laminar necrosis, calcified leukomalacia, old hemorrhage) were identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MR imaging is a valuable tool in the evaluation of fetal brain ischemia. The results of this study emphasize the role of the different sequences (T1-, T2-, T2*-weighted) required to detect fetal cerebral ischemic lesions. MR imaging is more accurate in the detection of small focal lesions than in the evaluation of diffuse white matter abnormalities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Imaging, Hôpital Robert Debré, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Garel
authors.forename: Anne-Lise
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Delezoide
authors.forename: Monique
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elmaleh-Berges
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Menez
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fallet-Bianco
authors.forename: Edith
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vuillard
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Luton
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Oury
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sebag
mesh_terms: D001921:Brain / Q000196:embryology* / Q000473:pathology; D001925:Brain Damage, Chronic / Q000196:embryology / Q000473:pathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000196:embryology* / Q000473:pathology; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000196:embryology / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005911:Gliosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000196:embryology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007969:Leukomalacia, Periventricular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000196:embryology / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D011379:Prognosis; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal