title: Reversal of medetomidine-ketamine combination anesthesia in rabbits by atipamezole.
abstract: This study was performed to determine the optimal reversal dosage of atipamezole on medetomidine-ketamine combination anesthesia. The subject rabbits were divided into five groups (n=5/group), and all were anesthetized with intravenous medetomidine (0.35 mg/kg) and ketamine (5 mg/kg). Atipamezole was administered intravenously 35 min after administration of the medetomidine-ketamine mixture, at doses of a quarter, a half, equal, or two times higher than the preceding medetomidine -ketamine dose according to experimental group. Heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), respiratory rate (RR) and rectal temperature (RT) were measured every five minutes and the mean arousal time (MAT) was also recorded. This study revealed that the optimal atipamezole dosage to achieve reversal effects is equal to or double the dose of medetomidine. At these dosages, HR and MAP significantly recovered and MAT was significantly shortened with no side effects being observed (p<0.05).
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, Seoul National University, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Su
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seong Mok
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Jae Hak
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Tchi Chou
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: Kang Moon
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Seo
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000758:Anesthesia; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007649:Ketamine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D008297:Male; D020926:Medetomidine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D011817:Rabbits; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative; D007093:Imidazoles; C050701:atipamezole; D007649:Ketamine; D020926:Medetomidine