title: Molecular evidence of interhuman transmission of Pneumocystis pneumonia among renal transplant recipients hospitalized with HIV-infected patients.
abstract: Ten Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) cases were diagnosed in renal transplant recipients (RTRs) during a 3-year period. Nosocomial transmission from HIV-positive patients with PCP was suspected because these patients shared the same hospital building, were not isolated, and were receiving suboptimal anti-PCP prophylaxis or none. P. jirovecii organisms were typed with the multitarget polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism method. Among the 45 patients with PCP hospitalized during the 3-year period, 8 RTRs and 6 HIV-infected patients may have encountered at least 1 patient with active PCP within the 3 months before the diagnosis of their own PCP episode. In six instances (five RTRs, one HIV-infected patient), the patients harbored the same P. jirovecii molecular type as that found in the encountered PCP patients. The data suggest that part of the PCP cases observed in this building, particularly those observed in RTRs, were related to nosocomial interhuman transmission.
authors.affiliation: Hôpital de la Croix-Rousse, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Meja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rabodonirina
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vanhems
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Couray-Targe
authors.forename: René-Pierre
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Gillibert
authors.forename: Christell
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ganne
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nizard
authors.forename: Cyrille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Colin
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fabry
authors.forename: Jean-Louis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Touraine
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: van Melle
authors.forename: Aimable
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nahimana
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Francioli
authors.forename: Philippe M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Hauser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D016533:Mycological Typing Techniques; D045363:Pneumocystis carinii; D011020:Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission*; D013997:Time Factors