title: Diffusion-weighted imaging of the parotid gland: Influence of the choice of b-values on the apparent diffusion coefficient value.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine how the ADC value of parotid glands is influenced by the choice of b-values.
  
  
  METHODS
  In eight healthy volunteers, diffusion-weighted echo-planar imaging (DW-EPI) was performed on a 1.5 T system, with b-values (in seconds/mm2) of 0, 50, 100, 150, 200, 250, 300, 500, 750, and 1000. ADC values were calculated by two alternative methods (exponential vs. logarithmic fit) from five different sets of b-values: (A) all b-values; (B) b=0, 50, and 100; (C) b=0 and 750; (D) b=0, 500, and 1000; and (E) b=500, 750, and 1000.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean ADC values for the different settings were (in 10(-3) mm2/second, exponential fit): (A) 0.732+/-0.019, (B) 2.074+/-0.084, (C) 0.947+/-0.020, (D) 0.890+/-0.023, and (E) 0.581+/-0.021. ADC values were significantly (P <0.001) different for all pairwise comparisons of settings (A-E) of b-values, except for A vs. D (P=0.172) and C vs. D (P=0.380). The ADC(B) was significantly higher than ADC(C) or ADC(D), which was significantly higher than ADC(E). ADC values from exponential vs. logarithmic fit (P=0.542), as well as left vs. right parotid gland (P=0.962), were indistinguishable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ADC values calculated from low b-value settings were significantly higher than those calculated from high b-value settings. These results suggest that not only true diffusion but also perfusion and saliva flow may contribute to the ADC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. Harriet.Thoeny@insel.ch
authors.forename: Harriet C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Thoeny
authors.forename: Frederik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Keyzer
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boesch
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hermans
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D004058:Diffusion; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012016:Reference Values