title: Expression levels and significance of hypoxia inducible factor-1 alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor in human colorectal adenocarcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hypoxia-inducible factor 1 (HIF-1), a transcription factor, is overexpressed in common human cancers and their metastases. This study aimed at determining the expression levels of HIF-1alpha and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in SW480 cells and in colorectal adenocarcinoma tissue and ascertaining whether HIF-1alpha and VEGF play important roles in tumor angiogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  HIF-1alpha mRNA expression was analyzed using in situ hybridization and RT-PCR. HIF-1alpha and VEGF protein were detected in SW480 cells and colorectal adenomas and adenocarcinomas by immunohistochemistry using streptavidin/peroxidase (SP). Western blot was used to detect HIF-1alpha protein extracted from SW480 cells. Microvessel density (MVD) in colorectal carcinomas was determined by anti-CD34 immunostaining in colorectal carcinomas.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Optical density values representing HIF-1alpha mRNA expression levels were found to be significantly higher in SW480 cells in hypoxic conditions than in cells under normoxic conditions (P < 0.05) or in hypoxic conditions but treated with genistein (P < 0.05). The levels of HIF-1alpha and VEGF protein expression in SW480 cells were significantly higher in the hypoxia group than in the normoxia group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively) and hypoxia/genistein group (P < 0.01, P < 0.05, respectively). The positive expression rates of HIF-1alpha mRNA changed dramatically when comparing colorectal adenomas with adenocarcinomas of different Dukes' stages (P < 0.05). HIF-1alpha mRNA was also expressed at higher levels in adenocarcinomas than that in adenomas (P < 0.01). HIF-1alpha protein expression correlated significantly with VEGF protein expression and MVD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypoxia induces the expression of HIF-1alpha and VEGF in colorectal adenocarcinomas. HIF-1alpha may play an important role in angiogenesis and tumor progression by regulating the expression of VEGF in human colorectal carcinomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
authors.forename: Cong-qing
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Li-fang
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Zhi-su
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Lu-ming
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Diao
authors.forename: Yue-ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Zhong-li
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Ai
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051793:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A