title: A multicenter, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial of paroxetine in children and adolescents with social anxiety disorder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Social anxiety disorder is a debilitating, highly prevalent disorder in children and adolescents. If left untreated, it can interfere with emotional, social, and school functioning.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of paroxetine in children and adolescents with social anxiety disorder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multicenter, 16-week, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled, flexible-dose, parallel-group, outpatient study. Patients A total of 322 children (8-11 years of age) and adolescents (12-17 years of age) with social anxiety disorder as their predominant psychiatric illness. Intervention Eligible patients were randomized (1:1) to receive paroxetine (10-50 mg/d) or placebo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four hundred twenty-five patients were screened, and 322 were randomized to treatment. Of these, 319 were included in the intention-to-treat population (paroxetine, n = 163; placebo, n = 156). At the week 16 last observation carried forward end point, the odds of responding (Clinical Global Impression-Improvement score of 1 or 2) were statistically significantly greater for paroxetine (77.6% response [125/161]) than for placebo (38.3% response [59/154]) (adjusted odds ratio, 7.02; 95% confidence interval, 4.07 to 12.11; P<.001). The proportion of patients who were "very much" improved (Clinical Global Impression-Improvement score of 1) was 47.8% (77/161) for paroxetine compared with 14.9% (23/154) for placebo. Adverse events occurring at an incidence of 5% or greater for paroxetine and twice that for placebo were insomnia (14.1% vs 5.8%), decreased appetite (8.0% vs 3.2%), and vomiting (6.7% vs 1.9%). Withdrawals due to adverse events were infrequent (5.5% [9/163] for paroxetine and 1.3% [2/156] for placebo).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Paroxetine is an effective, generally well-tolerated treatment for pediatric social anxiety disorder.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX, USA. kwagner@utmb.edu
authors.forename: Karen Dineen
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Ray
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Berard
authors.forename: Murray B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: Erica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wetherhold
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Carpenter
authors.forename: Phillip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perera
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gee
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Davy
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Machin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D002648:Child; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017374:Paroxetine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010555:Personality Inventory; D010698:Phobic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D010919:Placebos; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D017374:Paroxetine; D010919:Placebos; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors