A PINOID-dependent binary switch in apical-basal PIN polar targeting directs auxin efflux.
Polar transport-dependent local accumulation of auxin provides positional cues for multiple plant patterning processes. This directional auxin flow depends on the polar subcellular localization of the PIN auxin efflux regulators. Overexpression of the PINOID protein kinase induces a basal-to-apical shift in PIN localization, resulting in the loss of auxin gradients and strong defects in embryo and seedling roots. Conversely, pid loss of function induces an apical-to-basal shift in PIN1 polar targeting at the inflorescence apex, accompanied by defective organogenesis. Our results show that a PINOID-dependent binary switch controls PIN polarity and mediates changes in auxin flow to create local gradients for patterning processes.
Friml
Jirí
J
Developmental Genetics, Center for Molecular Biology of Plants, University Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 3, D-72076 Tübingen, Germany.
Yang
Xiong
X
Michniewicz
Marta
M
Weijers
Dolf
D
Quint
Ab
A
Tietz
Olaf
O
Benjamins
René
R
Ouwerkerk
Pieter B F
PB
Ljung
Karin
K
Sandberg
Göran
G
Hooykaas
Paul J J
PJ
Palme
Klaus
K
Offringa
Remko
R
D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001692:Biological Transport; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018519:Meristem / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D019441:Plant Epidermis / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000378:metabolism
D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C116363:PIN1 protein, Arabidopsis; C117013:AT5G57090 protein, Arabidopsis; C449300:PIN3 protein, Arabidopsis; C451260:PIN4 protein, Arabidopsis; C030737:indoleacetic acid; C405165:PINOID protein, Arabidopsis