title: Bax affects intracellular Ca2+ stores and induces Ca2+ wave propagation.
abstract: In the present study, we evaluated proapoptotic protein Bax on mitochondria and Ca2+ homeostasis in primary cultured astrocytes. We found that recombinant Bax (rBax, 10 and 100 ng/ml) induces a loss in mitochondrial membrane potential (Delta Psi m). This effect might be related to the inhibition of respiratory rates and a partial release of cytochrome c, which may change mitochondrial morphology. The loss of Delta Psi m and a selective permeabilization of mitochondrial membranes contribute to the release of Ca2+ from the mitochondria. This was inhibited by cyclosporin A (5 microM) and Ruthenium Red (1 microg/ml), indicating the involvement of mitochondrial Ca2+ transport mechanisms. Bax-induced mitochondrial Ca2+ release evokes Ca2+ waves and wave propagation between cells. Our results show that Bax induces mitochondrial alteration that affects Ca2+ homeostasis and signaling. These changes show that Ca2+ signals might be correlated with the proapoptotic activities of Bax.
authors.affiliation: Departament of Pharmacology, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, (UNIFESP), São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: A C P
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sharpe
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Rosenstock
authors.forename: A F V
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Teles
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Youle
authors.forename: S S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Smaili
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D019069:Cell Respiration / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000494:pharmacology; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D007424:Intracellular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D012430:Ruthenium Red / Q000494:pharmacology; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein
chemical_list: C494828:Bax protein, rat; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D012430:Ruthenium Red; D016572:Cyclosporine; D045304:Cytochromes c; D002118:Calcium