Optimal prophylactic dosage and disposition of micafungin in living donor liver recipients.
Micafungin, a new candin antifungal drug, has a good safety profile and a significant therapeutic effect against Candida and Aspergillus. Little is known, however, about the optimal prophylactic dosage and the disposition of micafungin in liver transplant recipients, or about the effect of continuous venovenous hemodialysis (CVVH) on the pharmacokinetics of micafungin. Six living donor liver transplant patients were enrolled in this study. The mean C(max) and C(min) (trough) values of micafungin in plasma were 6.31 +/- 1.08 and 1.65 +/- 0.54 microg/mL, respectively. The mean elimination half-life (t(1/2)) and mean area under the curve up to 12 h post-dosing (AUC 0-12 h) were 13.63 +/- 2.77 h and 50.04 +/- 6.48 microg.h/mL, respectively. The concentrations of micafungin at the inlet and outlet of the dialyzer were very similar. The mean (+/-SD) ratio of micafungin concentrations at the inlet and outlet of the dialyzer (coutlet/cinlet) and the clearance of micafungin were 0.96 +/- 0.04 and 0.054 +/- 0.04 mL/min/kg, respectively. The amount in the ultrafiltrate was 1.0 mg. Micafungin effectively prevents systemic fungal infection in patients who have undergone liver transplantation. No significant differences were observed in the disposition of micafungin in recipients, and the therapeutic drug level can be achieved by administration of micafungin at a dosage of 40-50 mg/d. The CVVH had little effect on micafungin kinetics, and no dose adjustment or modification of dosing interval was needed during CVVH.
Kishino
Satoshi
S
Department of Medication Use Analysis and Clinical Research, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo, Japan. skishino@my-pharm.ac.jp
Ohno
Keiko
K
Shimamura
Tsuyoshi
T
Furukawatodo
Hiroyukisatoru
H
D002648:Child; D054714:Echinocandins; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D055666:Lipopeptides; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D000077551:Micafungin; D008875:Middle Aged; D009181:Mycoses / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000379:methods
D054714:Echinocandins; D055666:Lipopeptides; D008074:Lipoproteins; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; D000077551:Micafungin