Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate: a traffic signal in plant metabolism.
Fructose-2,6-bisphosphate (Fru-2,6-P(2)) regulates key reactions of the primary carbohydrate metabolism in all eukaryotes. In plants, Fru-2,6-P(2) coordinates the photosynthetic carbon flux into sucrose and starch biosynthesis. The use of transgenic plants has allowed the regulatory models to be tested by modifying the Fru-2,6-P(2) levels and the enzymes regulated by Fru-2,6-P(2). Genes for the bifunctional plant enzyme that synthesizes and degrades Fru-2,6-P(2) have been isolated and molecular characterization has provided new insight into structure and molecular regulation of the enzyme. Advances in Fru-2,6-P(2) physiology and molecular biology are discussed. These advances have not only enlightened in vivo operation of Fru-2,6-P(2) but also revealed that the Fru-2,6-P(2) regulatory system is highly complex and interacts with other regulatory mechanisms.
Nielsen
Tom Hamborg
TH
Plant Biochemistry Laboratory, Center for Molecular Plant Physiology, Department of Plant Biology, Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg, Denmark. thni@kvl.dk
Rung
Jesper Henrik
JH
Villadsen
Dorthe
D
D005635:Fructosediphosphates / Q000378:metabolism*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D025481:Phosphofructokinase-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D010944:Plants / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction
D005635:Fructosediphosphates; C027652:fructose 2,6-diphosphate; D025481:Phosphofructokinase-2