title: The role of adverse weather conditions in acute releases of hazardous substances, Texas, 2000-2001.
abstract: High winds, flooding, lightning, and other phenomena associated with adverse weather can cause power failures, equipment damage, and process upsets resulting in chemical releases. Of the 5000 events in Texas that were reported to the Hazardous Substances Emergency Events Surveillance (HSEES) system during 2000-2001, adverse weather conditions contributed to 110 (2%) events. Rain was the most frequent adverse weather condition. Most events to which adverse weather conditions contributed occurred during June or September; these months correspond with the high temperature and hurricane season in Texas. Most events occurred in coastal counties with large numbers of industrial facilities. Three industries reported the majority of events: industrial and miscellaneous chemicals manufacturing; petroleum refining; and plastics, synthetics, and resin manufacturing. Power failures were associated more often with adverse weather-related events than with nonweather-related events. Releases occurred most commonly from ancillary process equipment and process vessels. Events associated with adverse weather-related conditions involved nine victims. System and process design improvements, such as improved backup power generation and redesigned secondary containment systems, could be explored to reduce the potential negative effects of severe weather.
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Surveillance Branch, Division of Health Studies, Agency for Toxic Substances and Disease Registry, 1600 Clifton Rd., MS E-31, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. afp4@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Perri Zeitz
authors.initials: PZ
authors.lastname: Ruckart
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Borders
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Villanacci
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Samples-Ruiz
mesh_terms: D000062:Accidents, Occupational / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015984:Causality; D015386:Hazardous Substances; D006801:Humans; D017751:Safety Management / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013781:Texas; D014887:Weather
chemical_list: D015386:Hazardous Substances