title: Induction therapy does not increase surgical morbidity after esophagectomy for cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A complete pathological response after induction therapy for esophageal cancer offers survival benefits, but induction therapy may increase the risk of postoperative complications and mortality.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective review of consecutive patients who underwent esophagectomy for esophageal cancer to identify preoperative predictors of complications and assess the possible influence of induction therapy on surgical outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 1988 and 2003, 170 esophagectomies were performed on our service; 95 (55.9%) underwent surgery alone and 75 (44.1%) received preoperative chemotherapy, 35 of whom also had preoperative radiation therapy. Based on multivariable regression analyses, independent covariates for complication categories included performance status (pulmonary, cardiovascular, total complications, and death), age (cardiovascular and other complications), and FEV(1)% (pulmonary complications). Whether patients received induction therapy was unrelated to the incidence of postoperative complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found no evidence that induction therapy adversely influences the incidence of postoperative morbidity or mortality after esophagectomy for cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Frank C-F
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Amy E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Durkin
authors.forename: Mark K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Ferguson
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D016629:Esophagectomy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012074:Remission Induction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013147:Spirometry; D016896:Treatment Outcome