title: Visceral leishmaniasis in a soldier returning from Operation Enduring Freedom.
abstract: This report presents a case of visceral leishmaniasis in a soldier returning from Operation Enduring Freedom. During the United States' last major military conflict, Operation Desert Storm, the diagnosis of multiple cases of visceral leishmaniasis led to policy changes, including a temporary ban on troop blood donation. This case demonstrates the applicability of recently developed Leishmania polymerase chain reaction and serological assays when conventional methods of diagnosis, such as tissue microscopy and culture, fail.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Wilford Hall Medical Center, Lackland Air Force Base, TX 78236, USA.
authors.forename: Eric S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Halsey
authors.forename: L Michelle
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Bryce
authors.forename: Glenn W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Wortmann
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Weina
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: Caroline C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: DeWitt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000346:Afghanistan; D003889:Desert Climate; D006801:Humans; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008887:Military Medicine; D008889:Military Personnel; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States