title: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1-induced angiogenesis is mediated by vascular endothelial growth factor-A.
abstract: Monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 (MCP-1) has been recognized as an angiogenic chemokine. In the present study, we investigated the detailed mechanism by which MCP-1 induces angiogenesis. We found that MCP-1 up-regulated hypoxia-inducible factor 1 alpha (HIF-1 alpha) gene expression in human aortic endothelial cells (HAECs), which induced vascular endothelial growth factor-A(165) (VEGF-A(165)) expression in the aortic wall and HAECs through activation of p42/44 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK). In vivo angiogenesis assay using chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) showed that MCP-1-induced angiogenesis was as potent as that induced by VEGF-A(165) and completely inhibited by a VEGF inhibitor, Flt(2-11). The inhibition of RhoA small G protein did not affect MCP-1-induced VEGF-A(165) production and secretion but completely blocked both MCP-1- and VEGF-A-induced new vessel formation, as determined by CAM assay. These results suggest that MCP-1-induced angiogenesis is composed largely of 2 sequential steps: the induction of VEGF-A gene expression by MCP-1 and the subsequent VEGF-A-induced angiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Asan Medical Center, 388-1 Pungnap-2 dong Songpa-gu 138-736, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung Hee
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Jewon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Ki Hoon
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D001012:Aorta, Abdominal / Q000502:physiology; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D008297:Male; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D043925:Angiogenesis Inducing Agents; C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A