Genetic polymorphisms of ADH2, ADH3, CYP4502E1 Dra-I and Pst-I, and ALDH2 in Spanish men: lack of association with alcoholism and alcoholic liver disease.
OBJECTIVE
The relationship between polymorphisms at the alcohol dehydrogenase 2 (ADH(2)), ADH(3), CYP(450)2E1 and aldehyde dehydrogenase 2 (ALDH(2)) loci and the individual predisposition to alcoholism and alcoholic liver disease in Caucasians is controversial.


METHODS
We determined the genotypes of ADH(2), ADH(3), CYP(450)2E1 (Pst-I and Dra-I) and ALDH(2) in 519 male Spaniards: 264 alcoholic subjects (47 without liver disease, 118 with non-cirrhotic liver disease and 99 with cirrhosis) and 255 non-alcoholic subjects (64 healthy controls, 110 with non-cirrhotic non-alcoholic liver disease and 81 with cirrhosis unrelated to alcohol). Genotyping was performed using PCR-RFLP methods on white cell DNA.


RESULTS
The distribution of the allelic variants (allele *1 and allele *2) in the whole subjects analyzed was: ADH(2) 93.1% and 6.9%; ADH(3) 55.7 and 44.3%; CYP(450)2E1 Dra-I 11.2 and 88.8%; CYP(450)2E1 Pst-I 96.2 and 3.8% and ALDH2 100 and 0%, respectively. No differences were observed in the allelic distributions of the alcoholic and non-alcoholic subjects for the loci examined. Allele distribution in alcoholics with no liver disease, with alcoholic steatosis or hepatitis, and with cirrhosis was also similar.


CONCLUSIONS
ADH(2), ADH(3), and CYP(450)2E1 Pst-I and Dra-I genetic variations are not related to alcoholism or susceptibility to alcoholic liver disease in our male population. ALDH(2) locus is monomorphic.
Vidal
Francesc
F
Department of Internal Medicine, Hospital Universitari de Tarragona Joan XXIII, C/Dr. Mallafré Guasch, 4, 43007 Tarragona, Spain. fvidal@comt.es
Lorenzo
Alfons
A
Auguet
Teresa
T
Olona
Montserrat
M
Broch
Montserrat
M
Gutiérrez
Cristina
C
Aguilar
Carmen
C
Estupiñà
Pere
P
Santos
Mauro
M
Richart
Cristóbal
C
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000235:genetics*; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000235:genetics*; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000235:genetics*; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008108:Liver Diseases, Alcoholic / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D013030:Spain
C489332:ADH1B protein, human; C420272:ADH1C protein, human; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; C096127:ALDH2 protein, human; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; D000071396:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase, Mitochondrial