title: Efficacy of emamectin benzoate in the control of Argulus coregoni (Crustacea: Branchiura) on rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss.
abstract: Efficacy of in-feed treatment with emamectin benzoate (Slice) for the control of ectoparasitic Argulus coregoni on rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss was tested under laboratory and field conditions. In both experiments fish were fed with fish feed to deliver a therapeutic dose of 0 (control) or 50 microg emamectin benzoate kg(-1) d(-1) (treatment) for a period of 7 d. After 3 d of challenge with A. coregoni in the laboratory, the infestation level in treated fish was lower than that observed in the controls (p < 0.001). Efficacy of 100% against newly hatched A. coregoni metanauplii and adults and 80% against juveniles was observed. In the field, trial medication was undertaken at 2 sections on a flow-through canal with 1 wk between treatments. Mean infestations of 100 to 200 A. coregoni per fish with 100% prevalence was recorded prior to medication. Following the treatment, the mean infestation of A. coregoni on fish declined to 31 lice per fish at Section A and 2.5 lice per fish at Section B. Then, after 28 d of treatment, the number of lice per fish was < 1 at Section A; in contrast the mean number of A. coregoni per fish at the control section was > 20. The prevalence of A. coregoni remained < 50% over a period of 72 d of treatment, but started to increase again thereafter. This suggests that emamectin benzoate concentration in fish remained at a level high enough to kill A. coregoni over a period of 9 wk. Emamectin benzoate was very effective in the control of A. coregoni infesting trout.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Environmental Science, University of Jyväskylä, PO Box 35 (ya), 40014 Jyväskylä, Finland. teihaka@bytl.jyu.fi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hakalahti
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lankinen
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Valtonen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture / Q000379:methods; D033341:Arguloida / Q000187:drug effects*; D005387:Finland; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology*; D007559:Ivermectin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss; D010273:Parasitic Diseases, Animal / Q000188:drug therapy*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007559:Ivermectin; C108024:emamectin benzoate