Activation of the cytokine network and unfavorable outcome in patients with yellow fever.
To study the contribution of inflammatory mediators to the pathogenesis of yellow fever (YF), the serum levels of several cytokines and chemokines were measured in 7 patients with fatal YF (f-YF), 11 patients with nonfatal hemorrhagic YF (nf/h-YF), and 18 patients with nonfatal nonhemorrhagic YF (nf/nh-YF). The levels of interleukin (IL)-6, monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, interferon-inducible protein (IP)-10, tumor necrosis factor- alpha , and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1RA) were all statistically significantly higher in the patients with f-YF than in those with nf/nh-YF. In patients with nf/h-YF, only levels of IP-10 and IL-1RA were significantly elevated. The high levels of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in serum from patients with f-YF are reminiscent of those seen in patients with bacterial sepsis. This finding has implications for the understanding of the pathophysiology of YF and the development of therapeutic strategies.
ter Meulen
Jan
J
Department of Virology, Philipps University Marburg, Marburg, Germany. j.termeulen@crucell.com
Sakho
Mohamed
M
Koulemou
Kekoura
K
Magassouba
N'Faly
N
Bah
Aissatou
A
Preiser
Wolfgang
W
Daffis
Stephane
S
Klewitz
Christian
C
Bae
Hi-Gung
HG
Niedrig
Matthias
M
Zeller
Hervé
H
Heinzel-Gutenbrunner
Monika
M
Koivogui
Lamine
L
Kaufmann
Andreas
A
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D016701:Guinea; D006470:Hemorrhage; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000097:blood; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis; D015004:Yellow Fever / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology
C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D016207:Cytokines; C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D015850:Interleukin-6; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha