title: CD95 apoptosis resistance in certain cells can be overcome by noncanonical activation of caspase-8.
abstract: CD95 apoptosis resistance of tumor cells is often acquired through mutations in the death domain (DD) of one of the CD95 alleles. Furthermore, Type I cancer cells are resistant to induction of apoptosis by soluble CD95 ligand (CD95L), which does not induce efficient formation of the death-inducing signaling complex (DISC). Here, we report that tumor cells expressing a CD95 allele that lacks a functional DD, splenocytes from heterozygous lpr(cg) mice, which express one mutated CD95 allele, and Type I tumor cells stimulated with soluble CD95L can all die through CD95 when protein synthesis or nuclear factor kappa B is inhibited. This noncanonical form of CD95-mediated apoptosis is dependent on the enzymatic activity of procaspase-8 but does not involve fully processed active caspase-8 subunits. Our data suggest that it is possible to overcome the CD95 apoptosis resistance of many tumor cells that do not efficiently form a DISC through noncanonical activation of the caspase-8 proenzyme.
authors.affiliation: The Ben May Institute for Cancer Research, University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Barnhart
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Pietras
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Algeciras-Schimnich
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Salmena
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sayama
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hakem
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Peter
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000590:Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D053181:Caspase 8; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D053418:Death Domain Receptor Signaling Adaptor Proteins; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000590:Amino Acid Chloromethyl Ketones; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D015853:Cysteine Proteinase Inhibitors; D053418:Death Domain Receptor Signaling Adaptor Proteins; C505661:FASLG protein, human; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; C505658:Fasl protein, mouse; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009842:Oligopeptides; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; C403753:benzyloxycarbonyl-isoleucyl-glutamyl-threonyl-aspartic acid fluoromethyl ketone; C096713:benzyloxycarbonylvalyl-alanyl-aspartyl fluoromethyl ketone; D019014:fas Receptor; D003609:Dactinomycin; D003513:Cycloheximide; C505530:CASP8 protein, human; C505526:Casp8 protein, mouse; D053181:Caspase 8; D020169:Caspases