title: Effects of polyhemoglobin-antioxidant enzyme complex on ischemia-reperfusion in kidney.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The kidney suffers ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury during transplantation. The purpose of the present study was to investigate the therapeutic effect of artificials cells on renal I/R injury through biochemical assays and histological examination.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prepared artificial cells using cross-linked hemoglobin (Hb), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase. Normal male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into 6 groups: the sham-operated control group, the group treated with polyHb,and the group treated with polyHb-SOD-catalase (PSC) (per groups were subjected to ischemia for 1 hour or 2 hours). After reperfusion for 4 hours, kidney and blood samples were obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of SOD and catalase in the PSC group were 15 and 50 times higher than those of the control group, respectively. In the polyHb group, the levels of blood urea nitrogen (BUN), serum creatinine, renal hydrogen peroxide, and renal malondialdehyde were increased. However, their levels were significantly decreased by PSC administration. Renal SOD activity did not show any significant changes in the polyHb group, but renal catalase activity was decreased by polyHb treatment in comparison with the control group. The activities of renal SOD and catalase were increased using PSC treatment. In the histological findings, the PSC group showed no evidence of acute tubular necrosis in proximal convoluted tubules; their microvilli and cytoplasmic microorganelles were relatively well preserved.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show that PSC effectively reduces renal damage via diminished oxygen free radical-mediated injury after I/R.
authors.affiliation: Dong San Kidney Institute & Chronic Disease Research Center, Keimyung University School of Medicine, Daegu, Korea.
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Mun
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Suh
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hwang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001802:Blood Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D002374:Catalase / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007668:Kidney; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001802:Blood Substitutes; D005609:Free Radicals; D006454:Hemoglobins; C037158:polyhemoglobin; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; C086134:polyhemoglobin-superoxide dismutase-catalase