title: Calcium and calcitriol prophylaxis attenuates posttransplant bone loss.
abstract: We performed a prospective, randomized, double-blind study to determine whether calcium and calcitriol prevents posttransplant bone loss. Thirty-eight nondiabetic and 26 diabetic patients without prior steroid exposure undergoing their first kidney or kidney-pancreas transplant were randomized to calcium, calcium plus calcitriol, or placebo. Lumbar spine (LS), femoral neck (FN), and distal radius (DR) bone mineral density scans (BMDs) were obtained at baseline, 6, and 12 months. At 1 year, patients treated with placebo experienced a 2% decline in BMD at the LS and DR and a 1.3% increase at the FN. In contrast, patients treated with calcium and vitamin D had a 0.1% decline at the LS and 2.9% and 4.8% increases at the DR and FN, respectively. Patients receiving cyclosporine had more bone loss than those receiving tacrolimus. Our results demonstrate a small therapeutic effect of calcium and calcitriol and suggest that tacrolimus is less osteotoxic than cyclosporine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Hospital, 5841 South Maryland Avenue, MC5100, Chicago, IL 60637, USA. mjosephs@medicine.bsd.uchicago.edu
authors.forename: Michelle A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Josephson
authors.forename: L Philip
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Schumm
authors.forename: May Y
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Cory
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: J Richard
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Thistlethwaite
authors.forename: Stuart M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Sprague
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002118:Calcium / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002120:Calcium Channel Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000601:surgery*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005272:Femur Neck / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016035:Pancreas Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011884:Radius / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D002120:Calcium Channel Agonists; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D014807:Vitamin D; D016572:Cyclosporine; D002117:Calcitriol; D002118:Calcium; D016559:Tacrolimus