title: Fine-tuning of the Escherichia coli sigmaE envelope stress response relies on multiple mechanisms to inhibit signal-independent proteolysis of the transmembrane anti-sigma factor, RseA.
abstract: Proteolytic cascades are widely implicated in signaling between cellular compartments. In Escherichia coli, accumulation of unassembled outer membrane porins (OMPs) in the envelope leads to expression of sigma(E)-dependent genes in the cytoplasmic cellular compartment. A proteolytic cascade conveys the OMP signal by regulated proteolysis of RseA, a membrane-spanning anti-sigma factor whose cytoplasmic domain inhibits sigma(E)-dependent transcription. Upon activation by OMP C termini, the membrane localized DegS protease cleaves RseA in its periplasmic domain, the membrane-embedded protease RseP (YaeL) cleaves RseA near the inner membrane, and the released cytoplasmic RseA fragment is further degraded. Initiation of RseA degradation by activated DegS makes the system sensitive to a wide range of OMP concentrations and unresponsive to variations in the levels of DegS and RseP proteases. These features rely on the inability of RseP to cleave intact RseA. In the present report, we demonstrate that RseB, which binds to the periplasmic face of RseA, and DegS each independently inhibits RseP cleavage of intact RseA. Thus, the function of RseB, widely conserved among bacteria using the sigma(E) pathway, and the second role of DegS (in addition to RseA proteolysis initiation) is to improve the performance characteristics of this signal transduction system.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Group in Biophysics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, California 94143, USA.
authors.forename: Irina L
authors.initials: IL
authors.lastname: Grigorova
authors.forename: Rachna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chaba
authors.forename: Hong Ji
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Benjamin M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Alba
authors.forename: Virgil
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rhodius
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Herman
authors.forename: Carol A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Gross
mesh_terms: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001483:Base Sequence; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000502:physiology; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D018272:Porins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012808:Sigma Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C113724:OmpC protein; D018272:Porins; C433802:RseA protein, E coli; C494790:RseB protein, E coli; D012808:Sigma Factor; D014157:Transcription Factors; C489349:degS protein, Escherichia coli; C063202:sporulation-specific sigma factors; D010450:Endopeptidases; C440001:RseP protein, E coli