title: Different signalling pathways regulate VEGF and IL-8 expression in breast cancer: implications for therapy.
abstract: Elevated expression of pro-angiogenic cytokines is associated with aggressive tumour growth and decreased survival of patients with breast cancer. In general, the breast cancer cell lines with high vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression also express high levels of interleukin-8 (IL-8). The consequence of inhibiting mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K), both implicated in regulation of these cytokines, was examined in four cell lines. Treatment with the mitogen-activated protein kinase/extracellular signal-related kinase (MEK) inhibitor U0126 reduced expression of VEGF and IL-8 in MDA-MB-231 cells, partially inhibited expression in MDA-MB-468 and Hs578T cells, with minimal effects in GI101A cells. Treatment with LY294002 reduced cytokine expression in GI101A and MDA-MB-468 cells, with partial reduction in Hs578T and less effect in MDA-MB-231 cells. Thus, IL-8 and VEGF were regulated by different signalling pathways in different cell lines; this suggests that inhibition of the dominantly active pathway can downregulate both angiogenic cytokines. Recognising which signalling pathway is active may identify targets for anti-angiogenic therapy of breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Box 173, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Dina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chelouche-Lev
authors.forename: Claudia P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tellez
authors.forename: Maribelis
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.forename: Menashe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bar-Eli
authors.forename: Janet E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Price
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D002450:Cell Communication; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D010766:Phosphorylation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D016209:Interleukin-8; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D004247:DNA; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases