title: Glomerular dysfunction, independent of tubular dysfunction, induced by antineoplastic chemotherapy in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  For the purpose of studying renal side-effects induced by antineoplastic agents, the authors examined glomerular injury as well as tubular injury of patients with chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen patients underwent a combined total of 64 courses of chemotherapy. Urinary albumin, beta2-microglobulin (beta2-MG), N-acetyl-beta-glucosaminidase (NAG) and urinary protein were measured before and serially after chemotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The values of albumin/creatinine (albumin/cre) ratio and beta2-MG/creatinine (beta2-MG/cre) ratio after chemotherapy were higher than those before chemotherapy (P <0.01). NAG/creatinine (NAG/cre) ratio and creatinine clearance (Ccr) were not different. These were also examined before the next course of chemotherapy and were compared with those of control children. Albumin/cre ratio was significantly different (P <0.01). beta2-MG/cre ratio and NAG/cre were not different. Furthermore, in patients with normal beta2-MG/cre, the albumin/cre ratio was significantly higher than in control children.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that antineoplastic agents can not only induce tubular dysfunction but also glomerular dysfunction, which is persistent and independent of tubular dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatrics, Department of Homeostatic Regulation and Development, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan. canbuchi@coral.ocn.ne.jp
authors.forename: Yukie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ikarashi
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kakihara
authors.forename: Chihaya
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000209:etiology; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001215:Asparaginase / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003404:Creatinine / Q000652:urine*; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007938:Leukemia / Q000188:drug therapy; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D012516:Osteosarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000209:etiology; D012208:Rhabdomyosarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D003561:Cytarabine; D014750:Vincristine; D005047:Etoposide; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D003404:Creatinine; D001215:Asparaginase; D008727:Methotrexate