title: Antitumour effects of antiretroviral therapy.
abstract: Infection by human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) is associated with an increased risk of certain tumours, particularly Kaposi's sarcoma, non-Hodgkin's lymphomas and cervical cancer. However, the incidence of these tumours in HIV-infected patients has decreased significantly since the widespread use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART). This effect cannot be solely explained by the ability of these drugs to suppress HIV replication and thereby reconstitute the immune system. Recent studies have shown that inhibitors of the HIV aspartyl protease, which are widely used in HAART, have direct anti-angiogenic and antitumour effects that are unrelated to their antiviral activity. So these drugs might be used to treat cancer in patients who are not infected with HIV.
authors.affiliation: AIDS Division, Department of Infectious, Parasitic and Immune Mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Monini
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sgadari
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Toschi
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Barillari
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ensoli
mesh_terms: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D044966:Anti-Retroviral Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011480:Protease Inhibitors