title: The novel Drosophila tim(blind) mutation affects behavioral rhythms but not periodic eclosion.
abstract: Circadian clock function depends on the tightly regulated exclusion or presence of clock proteins within the nucleus. A newly induced long-period timeless mutant, tim(blind), encodes a constitutively hypophosphorylated TIM protein. The mutant protein is not properly degraded by light, and tim(blind) flies show abnormal behavioral responses to light pulses. This is probably caused by impaired nuclear accumulation of TIM(BLIND) protein, which we observed in brain pacemaker neurons and photoreceptor cells of the compound eye. tim(blind) encodes two closely spaced amino acid changes compared to the wild-type TIM protein; one of them is within a putative nuclear export signal of TIM. Under constant conditions, tim(blind) flies exhibit 26-hr free-running locomotor rhythms, which are not correlated with a period lengthening of eclosion rhythms and period-luciferase reporter-gene oscillations. Therefore it seems possible that TIM--in addition to its well-established role as core clock factor--functions as a clock output factor, involved in determining the period length of adult locomotor rhythms.
authors.affiliation: Universität Regensburg, Institut für Zoologie, Lehrstuhl für Entwicklungsbiologie, 93040 Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Corinna
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wülbeck
authors.forename: Gisela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Szabo
authors.forename: Orie T
authors.initials: OT
authors.lastname: Shafer
authors.forename: Charlotte
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Helfrich-Förster
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stanewsky
mesh_terms: D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D001683:Biological Clocks / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D004330:Drosophila / Q000235:genetics*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D009424:Nervous System Physiological Phenomena; D017956:Photoreceptor Cells, Invertebrate / Q000502:physiology; D017354:Point Mutation; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary
chemical_list: D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D019476:Insect Proteins; C096445:tim protein, Drosophila