title: Abnormal multiple marker screens are associated with adverse perinatal outcomes in cases of intrauterine growth restriction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine if abnormal multiple marker screens (MMS) are associated with adverse perinatal outcomes in intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) pregnancies.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a case control study of IUGR pregnancies (birth weight <10th percentile for gestational age [GA]) delivered in our unit over 6 years. Cases were compared with controls for the association between abnormal MMS and adverse perinatal outcomes (APO).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 261 IUGR pregnancies, 39 (16%) had at least 1 APO. An elevated HCG was significantly associated with an APO (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.1-6.4). A low uE3 was also associated with an APO (OR 5.5, 95% CI 2.2-14). The association between an elevated AFP and APO was not statistically significant (OR 1.6, 95% CI, 0.6-4.6).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An elevated HCG and low uE3 were associated with APO in cases of IUGR. This information could be useful in identifying a subset of IUGR cases deserving closer surveillance.
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Ilagan
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Stamilio
authors.forename: Serdar H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ural
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Macones
authors.forename: Anthony O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Odibo
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004964:Estriol / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012372:ROC Curve; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins; D004964:Estriol