title: In vitro antiplasmodial activity of callus culture extracts and fractions from fresh apical stems of Phyllanthus niruri L. (Euphorbiaceae): part 2.
abstract: The ethanolic extracts from fresh apical stems of Phyllanthus niruri L. (Euphorbiaceae) cultured on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium supplemented with IBA/BAP/Coco nucifera L. milk for 1, 2, 4 and 6 months were phytochemically and biologically investigated and compared with intact plant part and whole plant extracts. Results from the in vitro antiplasmodial testing indicated that the EtOH extract of a 1-month-old callus culture (IC(50) = 16.3 +/- 2.5 microg/ml) exhibited a higher activity than the ethanolic extracts of the fresh apical stem (IC(50) = 18.2 +/- 2.4 microg/ml) and callus cultures of 2-, 4- and 6-months-old (25 microg/ml < IC(50) < 40 microg/ml). These activities were however lower than that displayed by the ethanolic extract of the whole plant (IC(50) < 3 microg/ml). The EtOH extract of 1-month-old callus culture (the most active) was fractionated with solvents of different polarities. Its CH(2)Cl(2) fraction rich in terpenic constituents (IC(50) = 9.2 +/- 3.4 microg/ml) exhibited a higher antiplasmodial activity than its isoamylic alcohol fraction obtained at pH 2-3 (IC(50) = 25.6 +/- 2.3 microg/ml) rich in flavonoids. The activity of these two fractions was lower than that displayed by the same fractions from the whole plant (2 microg/ml < IC(50) < 3 microg/ml). Alkaloidic fractions from the whole plant and 1-month-old callus culture of fresh apical stem were considered as inactive (IC(50) > 100 microg/ml).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Antwerp (UA), Universiteitsplein1, B-2610 Antwerp, Belgium. kanyanga.cimanga@ua.ac.be
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Cimanga
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tona
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Luyindula
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mesia
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lusakibanza
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Musuamba
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Apers
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: De Bruyne
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Van Miert
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hermans
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Totté
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pieters
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Vlietinck
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029803:Phyllanthus; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D018547:Plant Stems; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D010936:Plant Extracts