title: Silicon chip-based patch-clamp electrodes integrated with PDMS microfluidics.
abstract: We report on a silicon wafer-based device that can be used for recording macroscopic ion channel protein activities across a diverse group of cell-types. Gigaohm seals were achieved for CHO-K1 and RIN m5F cells, and both cell-attached and whole-cell mode configurations were also demonstrated. Two distinct intrinsic potassium ion channels were recorded in whole-cell mode for HIT-T15 and RAW 264.7 cells. Polydimethylsiloxane (PDMS) microfluidics were also coupled with the micromachined silicon chips in order to demonstrate that a single cell could be selectively directed to a micropore, and membrane protein currents could subsequently be recorded. These silicon chip-based devices have significant advantages over traditional micropipette approaches, and may serve as combinatorial tools for investigating membrane biophysics, pharmaceutical screening, and other bio-sensing tasks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, School of Medicine, The California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1569, USA.
authors.forename: Rigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pantoja
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Nagarah
authors.forename: Dorine M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Starace
authors.forename: Nicholas A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Melosh
authors.forename: Rikard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Blunck
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bezanilla
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Heath
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D002460:Cell Line; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes / Q000737:chemistry*; D004566:Electrodes; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000502:physiology; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D012828:Silicones / Q000737:chemistry*; D018511:Systems Integration
chemical_list: D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D015221:Potassium Channels; D012828:Silicones; C013830:baysilon