title: Quantitative trait locus mapping of genetic modifiers of metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis in low-density lipoprotein receptor-deficient mice: identification of a locus for metabolic syndrome and increased atherosclerosis on chromosome 4.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to examine genetic factors responsible for metabolic syndrome and atherosclerosis in a setting of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) receptor deficiency in a cross between C57BL/6J (B6) and PERA/Ei (PERA) inbred mouse strains.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Comparison of metabolic phenotypes in B6 and PERA strains revealed the PERA genetic background to be dramatically more susceptible to hyperleptinemia, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, elevated insulin levels, and body fat increase than the B6 background. To facilitate genetic analysis, metabolic syndrome-related traits and atherosclerotic lesion area were measured in 167 [(PERAxB6.129S7-Ldlr(tm1Her))xB6.129S7-Ldlr(tm1Her)]N2 male and female backcross mice that were homozygous for the Ldlr null allele. Quantitative trait locus analysis was performed using 153 polymorphic microsatellite markers spanning the genome. On chromosome 4, we identified a locus influencing plasma triglyceride, insulin, and leptin concentrations, body weight, and atherosclerosis. Several other genetic loci were identified with separate effects on plasma insulin, body weight, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and atherosclerosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PERA strain is highly susceptible to the development of metabolic syndrome after feeding a Western-type diet. This susceptibility is due, in part, to a locus on murine chromosome 4 in which PERA alleles predispose to adiposity, increased insulin, and accelerated atherogenesis in the absence of marked hyperlipidemia.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Medicine, Columbia University, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Sara Bretschger
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Seidelmann
authors.forename: Carl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: De Luca
authors.forename: Rudolph L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Leibel
authors.forename: Jan L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Breslow
authors.forename: Alan R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Tall
authors.forename: Carrie L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Welch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping / Q000379:methods; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000235:genetics*; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D010641:Phenotype; D040641:Quantitative Trait Loci / Q000235:genetics*; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000172:deficiency*
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D011973:Receptors, LDL