title: Tyrosine kinase inhibitor AG1024 exerts antileukaemic effects on STI571-resistant Bcr-Abl expressing cells and decreases AKT phosphorylation.
abstract: Chronic myelogenous leukaemia (CML) is a clonal malignancy of the pluripotent haematopoietic stem cell, characterised by an uncontrolled proliferation and expansion of myeloid progenitors expressing a fusion oncogene, BCR-ABL, the molecular counterpart of the Ph1 chromosome. The tyrosine kinase (TK) activity of BCR-ABL is known to activate several major signalling pathways in malignant cells, including Ras, JAK/STAT and PI3K/Akt with evidence of proteasome-mediated degradation of other targets such as the DNA repair protein DNA-PKcs and cyclin-dependent kinases inhibitor p27. Targeting these abnormalities by blocking TK of BCR-ABL with STI571 provided a promising approach for the therapy of CML. The recent development of resistance to STI571 illustrates, however, that the use of other TK inhibitors could be of major interest for therapeutic purposes. To this end, the TK inhibitor Tyrphostin AG1024 was used to evaluate effect on regulation of BCR-ABL expression, inhibition of cell proliferation and tumour formation in vivo in human and murine BCR-ABL expressing cell lines. Tyrphostin AG1024 was shown to downregulate expression of BCR-ABL and P-Akt, and to upregulate DNA-PKcs expression. In addition, Tyrphostin AG1024 was able to inhibit cell proliferation, and delay tumour growth in vivo. Thus, AG1024 is able to interfere with three major targets of BCR-ABL in leukaemic cells. Interestingly, Tyrphostin AG1024 was also effective against cells resistant to STI571 by distinct mechanisms including Bcr-Abl mutation. Therefore, these data suggest that Tyrphostin AG1024 could represent the basis of a novel therapy for STI571 refractory CML.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire UPRES EA No 27-10, Radiosensibilité des tumeurs et tissus sains, Institut Gustave-Roussy, 39 rue Camille Desmoulins, 94805 Villejuif Cédex, France. deutsch@igr.fr
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Deutsch
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Maggiorella
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bonnet
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Khanfir
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Frascogna
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Turhan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bourhis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001549:Benzamides; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D051747:DNA-Activated Protein Kinase; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl; D015973:Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic; D006801:Humans; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D004915:Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010766:Phosphorylation; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D020032:Tyrphostins / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001549:Benzamides; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010879:Piperazines; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011743:Pyrimidines; D020032:Tyrphostins; C447031:tyrphostin AG 1024; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl; C494918:AKT1 protein, human; D051747:DNA-Activated Protein Kinase; C497263:PRKDC protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt