title: Effect of pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide 38 (PACAP38) on tissue oxygen content--treatment in central nervous system of mice.
abstract: It has been reported that pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP) plays an important role in preventing neuronal cell death and is also a potent vasodilator. Cerebral hypotension and hypoperfusion during cerebral ischemia and neurodegenerative diseases are well known as some of the negative factors which aggravate neuronal cell death. Nevertheless, the effect of PACAP on the cerebral circulation was not understood well. Therefore, in the present study, we determined the mean arterial blood pressure (MBP), regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) and cerebral oxygen content (pO2) in mice, and estimated the therapeutically useful doses of PACAP. Under barbiturate anesthesia, polyethylene tubes were inserted into mice to monitor MBP and to administer PACAP (5 x 10(-13)-5 x 10(-8) mol/kg) or vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP; 5 x 10(-12) and 5 x 10(-9) mol/kg). Then, MBP, rCBF and cerebral pO2 were simultaneously measured in the mice. PACAP (5 x 10(-10)-5 x 10(-9) mol/kg) injections transiently decreased MBP, and cerebral pO2. PACAP (5 x 10(-8) mol/kg) injections produced a long-lasting potent decline of MBP, rCBF and cerebral pO2. Therefore, PACAP should be applied at low doses which do not influence the MBP and cerebral circulation to determine the therapeutically useful doses of PACAP for neuroprotection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Showa University School of Medicine, 1-5-8 Hatanodai, Shinagawa-Ku, Tokyo 142-8555, Japan. taki@med.showa-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohtaki
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dohi
authors.forename: Sachiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yofu
authors.forename: Tomoya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamachi
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: Sakura
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aruga
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Sakae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kikuyama
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shioda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects*; D051219:Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C495402:Adcyap1 protein, mouse; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009479:Neuropeptides; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents; D051219:Pituitary Adenylate Cyclase-Activating Polypeptide; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide