title: Monitoring of toxicity and intermediates of C.I. Direct Black 38 azo dye through decolorization in an anaerobic/aerobic sequential reactor system.
abstract: An Upflow Anaerobic Sludge Blanket Reactor/Continuous Stirred Tank Reactor was used sequentially to decolorize and mineralize C.I. Direct Black 38 azo dye (3200 mg/L) in a synthetic wastewater containing glucose as co-substrate. At the steady state conditions color was effectively removed under anaerobic condition, while the total aromatic amines and organic fraction could be mainly reduced under aerobic conditions. NO(3)(-)--N, COD, BOD(5,) aromatic amine, HPLC and GC analyses showed that Direct Black 38 could be chiefly mineralized by the sequential system. The toxicity levels were determined using three different test organism (ATA-anaerobic toxicity, respiration/inhibition and Daphnia magna tests) through the continuous operation of anaerobic/aerobic sequential system treating Direct Black 38 dye containing synthetic wastewater. Feed and anaerobic effluent had greater toxicity than the aerobic effluent after mineralization of dye.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Engineering Department, Engineering Faculty, Dokuz Eylul University, Buca Kaynaklar Campus, 35160 Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Işik
authors.forename: Delia Teresa
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Sponza
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis; D000693:Anaerobiosis; D000818:Animals; D001391:Azo Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D001420:Bacteria, Aerobic / Q000378:metabolism; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000378:metabolism; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003116:Color; D003621:Daphnia; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D008697:Methane / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid
chemical_list: D001391:Azo Compounds; C015844:direct black 3; D005947:Glucose; D008697:Methane