title: Effects of sodium bicarbonate on VO2 kinetics during heavy exercise.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Sodium bicarbonate was used to investigate the effect of blood pH on VO2 kinetics during heavy exercise.
  
  
  METHODS
  On separate days, 10 active subjects performed two 6-min cycling bouts (208 +/- 12 W) at 25 W above their ventilatory threshold. Each subject ingested 0.3 g x kg(-1) of sodium bicarbonate with approximately 1 L of water or water alone 1 h before exercise. VO2 kinetics were examined by means of a three-component mono-exponential model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bicarbonate ingestion caused a significant increase in the preexercise blood pH (7.512 +/- 0.009 vs 7.425 +/- 0.007; P < 0.001). In the bicarbonate trial, the time constant for the rapid component (27.9 +/- 3.5 s) was slower than the control trial (20.8 +/- 2.4 s; P = 0.017). The higher blood pH after bicarbonate ingestion would have diminished local blood flow and caused a leftward shift of the oxygen-hemoglobin dissociation curve both of which would slow oxygen delivery to working muscle. In addition, bicarbonate ingestion diminished the amplitude of the slow component 29% (463 +/- 43 vs 649 +/- 53 mL x min(-1); P = 0.040). The primary cause of the slow component during heavy exercise is fatigue of working fibers and an accompanying increase of motor unit recruitment. Elevated plasma bicarbonate concentration is reported to stimulate the efflux of H from muscle fibers and to increase intramuscular pH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The slower time constant during the rapid component suggested that oxygen delivery is a limiting factor of VO2 kinetics during the onset of heavy exercise. Also, these results imply that bicarbonate ingestion diminished fatigue in working fibers during the slow component.
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise and Nutritional Sciences, San Diego State University, San Diego, CA 92182-7251, USA. fred.kolkhorst@sdsu.edu
authors.forename: Fred W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Kolkhorst
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Rezende
authors.forename: Susan S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Buono
mesh_terms: D000137:Acid-Base Imbalance / Q000097:blood; D000328:Adult; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration / Q000187:drug effects; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D017693:Sodium Bicarbonate