title: Aortic atheroma burden and cognitive dysfunction after coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neurocognitive dysfunction (NCD) after coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery is a common problem. Atherosclerotic disease of the aorta is a known risk factor for stroke after cardiac surgery, but its relationship to NCD is unclear. This study investigates the relationship between aortic atherosclerotic disease and NCD after CABG.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients undergoing primary elective CABG were enrolled in an ongoing investigation of NCD after CABG. Intraoperative transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) of the thoracic aorta was performed and analyzed off-line to quantify atheroma burden. Neurocognitive evaluation was performed, both preoperatively and at 6 weeks after surgery. Multivariable linear regression (controlling for age, years of education, and base line cognitive index) was used to determine the relationship between NCD and atheroma burden in the ascending, arch, and descending aorta.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred sixty-two patients who had a complete neurocognitive evaluation and adequate TEE images were studied. No significant relationship was found between NCD and atheroma burden in the ascending (p = 0.22), arch (p = 0.89) or descending aorta (p = 0.64).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the etiology of NCD is likely multifactorial, our results suggest that aortic atherosclerosis may not be the primary factor in the pathogenesis of post-CABG cognitive changes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA. baryo001@mc.duke.edu
authors.forename: Shahar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bar-Yosef
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anders
authors.forename: G Burkhard
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Mackensen
authors.forename: Lian K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Ti
authors.forename: Joseph P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Mathew
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Phillips-Bute
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Messier
authors.forename: Hilary P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Grocott
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001011:Aorta / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D001018:Aortic Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003250:Constriction; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020766:Intracranial Embolism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D016037:Single-Blind Method