title: Uptake and phototoxicity of tricarbocyanine indolenine dye covalently bound with glucose (TICS) under acidification of tumor cells environment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the influence of pH on accumulation and photocytotoxicity of the novel tricarbocyanine indolenine dye covalently bound with glucose (TICS).
  
  
  METHODS
  For in vitro experiments, cultured HeLa cells were incubated with TICS at pH 7.1, 6.5 or 6.2 and then scored for dye uptake, viability and sensitivity to laser (740 nm) irradiation. In vivo TICS was injected to rats with implanted subcutaneously SM-1 tumor and then dye accumulation and tumor necrosis depth after laser irradiation were defined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reduction of medium pH in vitro was shown to increase in cellular TICS contents and to enhance as its "dark" cytotoxicity, and photocytotoxicity. The ratio of "dark" cytotoxicity to photocytotoxicity parameters increased 2-fold with decreasing pH value. In vivo infusion of glucose (10 g/kg) to rats resulted in improved selectivity of TICS accumulation and increase in tumor necrosis depth after laser irradiation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  pH reduction of tumor cells environment improves efficacy of photodynamic treatment with TICS.
authors.affiliation: N.N. Alexandrov Research Institute of Oncology and Medical Radiology, Ministry of Health, Minsk 223040, Belarus. Istomin@users.med.by.
authors.forename: Yury P
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Istomin
authors.forename: Elena N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Alexandrova
authors.forename: Vadim N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Chalov
authors.forename: Edward A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Zhavrid
authors.forename: Evgueny S
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Voropay
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Samtsov
authors.forename: Anatoly P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Lugovsky
authors.forename: Alexander A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Lugovsky
authors.forename: Iosif S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Mikhalovsky
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002232:Carbocyanines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000633:toxicity; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005260:Female; D005354:Fibrosarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000633:toxicity; D005947:Glucose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000633:toxicity; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007834:Lasers; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D010777:Photochemistry; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000528:radiation effects / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D002232:Carbocyanines; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D005947:Glucose