title: The clinical analysis of endogenous endophthalmitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the clinical characteristics, therapeutic efficacy and investigate prognostic factors of endogenous endophthalmitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight cases (28 eyes) of endogenous endophthalmitis were surveyed retrospectively. The clinical characteristics, primary infection foci, predisposing systemic disease, complications, pathogens examination, therapeutic options and efficacy were analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The endogenous endophthalmitis occurred more frequently in the right eye than in the left one. The respiratory tract was the most common primary foci. The positive rate of pathogens culture was higher in vitreous sample than that in other tissues. Cataract and retinal detachment were the common complications. The visual improvement and infection control were achieved in 13 eyes (46.43%). These 13 patients received treatment (3.77 +/- 2.49) days after onset of endophthalmitis being much earlier than that of others [(10.13 +/- 4.98) days, P = 0.002]. The prognosis was relevant to the type of the disease. The anterior segment inflammation type (anterior type) had better prognosis than posterior segment inflammation type (posterior type) and that of inflammation in both parts (mix type) (P < 0.05). There were no significant relation between the prognosis and the age, predisposing systemic disease, vitreous antibiotic injection and vitrectomy (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endogenous endophthalmitis is a vital ocular emergency. Early diagnosis and effective treatment combination with systemic and local antibiotics are of significant value. The anterior type is prone to have better outcome than the others.
authors.affiliation: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China.
authors.forename: Lingyi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Xiaofeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Ayong
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Aihua
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Zhaohui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yuan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002386:Cataract / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014031:Tobramycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014821:Vitrectomy
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D014031:Tobramycin