title: Comparison of biodegradable nanoparticles and multiple emulsions (water-in-oil-in-water) containing influenza virus antigen on the in vivo immune response in rats.
abstract: Multiple water-in-oil-water (w/o/w) emulsion and polymeric nanoparticle formulations containing influenza virus surface antigen hemagglutinin (HA) are thought to be suitable carriers for a vaccine delivery system. The multiple emulsion technique leads to high entrapment of HA, while the solvent evaporation technique encapsulates and adsorbs HA within the nanoparticle. Immune responses of these formulations were investigated in rats and compared with the immune response raised against the conventional vaccine. The responses were detected with the hemagglutinin inhibition (HAI) assay. A single administration of multiple emulsion (F1, F2, F3) and nanoparticle (F4) formulations proved to stimulate a more effective immune response in rats than conventional vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ankara University, Tandogan, Ankara, Turkey. bozkir@pharmacy.ankara.edu.tr
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bozkir
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hayta
authors.forename: O M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Saka
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D004655:Emulsions; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008863:Microspheres; D009821:Oils; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000201:enzymology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013045:Species Specificity; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D004655:Emulsions; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D009821:Oils; D014867:Water