title: Role of manidipine in the management of patients with hypertension.
abstract: Manidipine is a third-generation dihydropyridine calcium antagonist, which causes systemic vasodilation by inhibiting the voltage-dependent calcium inward currents in smooth muscle cells. In clinical studies, manidipine has been shown to significantly lower office and 24-h blood pressure compared with placebo in patients with essential hypertension. The resulting reduction in blood pressure is maintained over 24 h, with preservation of the circadian blood pressure pattern; its blood pressure-lowering capacity appears to be similar to that of other calcium antagonists. In elderly patients with mild-to-moderate essential hypertension, manidipine is able to significantly decrease blood pressure compared with placebo for up to 3 years of treatment. The drug also significantly lowers blood pressure in patients with hypertension and concomitant Type 2 diabetes mellitus or renal impairment, and is devoid of adverse metabolic effects. It is well-tolerated with few untoward adverse effects related to vasodilation. In particular, manidipine appears to have less potential for pedal edema than other calcium channel blockers.
authors.affiliation: University of Padova, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Via Giustiniani No. 2, I-35128 Padova, Italy. valerie.tikhonoff@unipd.it.
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tikhonoff
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mazza
authors.forename: Edoardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Casiglia
authors.forename: Achille C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Pessina
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D004095:Dihydropyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D020714:Maximum Tolerated Dose; D008875:Middle Aged; D009578:Nitrobenzenes; D010879:Piperazines; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004095:Dihydropyridines; D009578:Nitrobenzenes; D010879:Piperazines; C054218:manidipine