title: Human brain evolution: insights from microarrays.
abstract: Several recent microarray studies have compared gene-expression patterns n humans, chimpanzees and other non-human primates to identify evolutionary changes that contribute to the distinctive cognitive and behavioural characteristics of humans. These studies support the surprising conclusion that the evolution of the human brain involved an upregulation of gene expression relative to non-human primates, a finding that could be relevant to understanding human cerebral physiology and function. These results show how genetic and genomic methods can shed light on the basis of human neural and cognitive specializations, and have important implications for neuroscience, anthropology and medicine.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neuroscience and Center for Behavioral Neuroscience, Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954 Gatewood Road, Atlanta, Georgia 30329, USA. tpreuss@rmy.emory.edu
authors.forename: Todd M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Preuss
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cáceres
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Oldham
authors.forename: Daniel H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Geschwind
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D001921:Brain / Q000254:growth & development*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D013045:Species Specificity