title: Safety and protective effect of a disinfectant (STEL water) for white spot syndrome viral infection in shrimp.
abstract: The efficacy of STEL water for protection against white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) infection was evaluated using shrimp. The LC50 of residual chlorine (Cl-) in STEL water for brood-stock and 2-mo-old shrimp were 2.3 and 3.2 ppm, respectively. All 2-month-old shrimp raised in seawater containing more than 40 microl 2l(-1) of a WSSV-infected tissue homogenate died within 3 d post-exposure (dpe). Thus, a 10-fold dose of 400 microl 2 l(-1) was used in the disinfection tests. Low concentrations of STEL water effectively prevented mortality of shrimp at this challenge dose. All 2-month-old shrimp exposed to seawater with 400 microl of viral homogenate disinfected with STEL water at Cl- concentrations over 0.125 ppm for 1 and 10 min, lived until 5 dpe. With 5-mo-old shrimp, all positive control shrimps died within 3 dpe, whereas most shrimp reared in seawater disinfected with STEL water for 1 h before addition of homogenate lived until 5 dpe. Results suggested that continuous disinfection of seawater with STEL water may be effective for preventing WSSV infection in shrimp.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Animal Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine and School of Agricultural Biotechnology, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
authors.forename: Jong-Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Seung-Hyeok
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Seok
authors.forename: Sun-a
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Min-Won
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Baek
authors.forename: Hui-Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Dong-Jae
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Han-Yun
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Se-Ok
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Jae-Hak
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017756:Aquaculture / Q000379:methods*; D003386:Brachyura / Q000821:virology*; D004267:DNA Viruses / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D012623:Seawater / Q000821:virology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants; D006997:Hypochlorous Acid