Quinolone-resistant Haemophilus influenzae: determination of mutant selection window for ciprofloxacin, garenoxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin.
Stepwise selection of ciprofloxacin-resistant Haemophilus influenzae mutants produced first-, second-, third-, and fourth-step substitutions in GyrA (S84Y), ParC (S84R), GyrA (D88N), and ParC (E88K), respectively. Successive mutations raised the mutant selection window. The wild-type selection window for garenoxacin, levofloxacin, and moxifloxacin was also measured.
Li
Xinying
X
Public Health Research Institute, 225 Warren St., Newark, NJ 07103, USA.
Mariano
Noriel
N
Rahal
James J
JJ
Urban
Carl M
CM
Drlica
Karl
K
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001372:Aza Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D027081:DNA Gyrase / Q000235:genetics; D027101:DNA Topoisomerase IV / Q000235:genetics; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D064704:Levofloxacin; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D011804:Quinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001372:Aza Compounds; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D011804:Quinolines; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D064704:Levofloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin; D027101:DNA Topoisomerase IV; D027081:DNA Gyrase; D000077266:Moxifloxacin