title: Detection of S100B, S100A6 and galectin-3 ligands in meningiomas as markers of aggressiveness.
abstract: The biological factors responsible for the increased aggressiveness in atypical meningiomas are not well known. The aim of this study is to evaluate the discriminatory value of a number of biological markers (S100 proteins and galectin-3 and its ligand profile) with respect to benign and atypical meningiomas. Using 63 meningiomas (39 benign and 24 atypical), we performed a semi-quantitative histochemical analysis of both the expression of galectin-3 and its ligand profile and the Ca2+-binding proteins S100A5, S100A6 and S100B. Three features were considered for each marker, namely the labeling index (LI), the staining intensity (SI) and the global score (LI + SI). A low S100A6 labeling index was observed in 51% of the benign and 25% of the atypical meningiomas (P=0.035). Furthermore, high S100B scores were observed in 46% of the benign and in only 8% of the atypical meningiomas (P=0.001). Seventy-one percent of the atypical meningiomas exhibited a low level of staining intensity for the galectin-3-binding sites as compared to only 36% of the benign meningiomas (P=0.007). The combination of these three markers (by means of a decision tree) enabled an improved discriminatory criterion to be established between the benign and the atypical meningiomas. Our results thus suggest that the galectin-3-binding sites and S100B (and S100A6 to a lesser extent) could play a role in the aggressiveness characterizing atypical meningiomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus University Hospital, Brussels, Belgium.
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hancq
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Salmon
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brotchi
authors.forename: Hans-Joachim
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Gabius
authors.forename: Claus W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Heizmann
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kiss
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Decaestecker
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001324:Autoantigens; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D003663:Decision Trees; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D037502:Galectin 3 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008024:Ligands; D008297:Male; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D008579:Meningioma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011379:Prognosis; D000075383:S100 Calcium Binding Protein A6; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D001324:Autoantigens; D015415:Biomarkers; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D037502:Galectin 3; D008024:Ligands; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D000075383:S100 Calcium Binding Protein A6; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins; C579160:S100B protein, human; C055351:S100A6 protein, human; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor