Structure and biological properties of three calcitonin receptor-stimulating peptides, novel members of the calcitonin gene-related peptide family.
In this review, we describe the structure and biological properties of calcitonin receptor-stimulating peptide-1 (CRSP-1), CRSP-2 and CRSP-3, the novel members of the CGRP family. CRSP-1, which has been identified in the pig, cow, dog, and horse, is a specific ligand for the calcitonin (CT) receptor, and porcine CRSP-1 elicits a 100-fold greater effect on a recombinant porcine CT receptor than porcine CT, although this peptide has high structural similarity with CGRP. CRSP-1 is expressed and synthesized mainly in the central nervous system (CNS), pituitary and thyroid gland. In an in vivo experiment, bolus administration of CRSP-1 into rats reduced the plasma calcium concentration, but did not alter blood pressure, indicating its action as a CT receptor agonist in the peripheral circulation. In the CNS, CRSP-1 is also deduced to be an endogenous agonist for the CT receptor. CRSP-2 has been identified in the pig and dog, and CRSP-3 has been identified only in the pig. They are expressed and synthesized mainly in the CNS and thyroid gland. However, their endogenous molecular forms, receptors, and biological activity remain unidentified.
Katafuchi
Takeshi
T
Department of Pharmacology, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishirodai, Suita, 565-8565 Osaka, Japan. katafuch@ri.ncvc.go.jp
Minamino
Naoto
N
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002116:Calcitonin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D003545:Cysteine / Q000737:chemistry; D004220:Disulfides / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D018003:Receptors, Calcitonin / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology*; D018015:Receptors, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014018:Tissue Distribution
D004220:Disulfides; D008024:Ligands; D010455:Peptides; D018003:Receptors, Calcitonin; D018015:Receptors, Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; D002116:Calcitonin; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; D003545:Cysteine