title: The effect of apolipoprotein E genotype on neuron specific enolase and S-100beta levels after cardiac surgery.
abstract: We tested the hypothesis that two biochemical markers of brain injury would be increased after cardiac surgery in patients with the apolipoprotein (Apo) epsilon4 allele. Arterial blood samples were drawn before and 8 and 24 h after induction of anesthesia and later assayed for neuron specific enolase (NSE), S-100beta, and apoE genotype. There was a highly significant temporal effect with increases in NSE (2.2 +/- 1.6 ng/L to 11.8 +/- 8.9 ng/L; P < 0.0001) (mean +/- sd) and S-100beta (0.15 +/- 0.1 microg/L to 0.45 +/- 0.42 microg/L, P < 0.0001). At 8 and 24 h after induction of anesthesia S-100beta (0.28 +/- 0.18 microg/L versus 0.91 +/- 0.54 microg/L; P =0.004) and NSE (8.6 +/- 5.6 ng/L versus 19.0 +/- 19.7 ng/L; P = 0.02) levels, respectively, were higher in patients with the Apoepsilon4 allele. Patients with the Apoepsilon4 allele may be more susceptible to perioperative neural insults.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
authors.forename: W Andrew
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Kofke
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Konitzer
authors.forename: Qing Cheng
authors.initials: QC
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cheung
mesh_terms: D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D009474:Neurons / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000502:physiology; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000378:metabolism*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D015415:Biomarkers; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase