title: Sinus pericranii: from gross and neuroimaging findings to different pathophysiological changes.
abstract: METHODS
  We report two girls with a typical presentation of sinus pericranii. Both patients received total excision of the subgaleal masses with complete obliteration of the communications to the intracranial portion. However, different gross appearances, neuroimaging findings and intraoperative findings were found. It took more time and attention to control the bleeding due to the large communication between the extracranial and intracranial components in the second case.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sinus pericranii is composed of abnormal extracranial vascular tissues that communicate directly with intracranial dural sinuses or veins. A review of the literature showed that 13 out of 31 patients with sinus pericranii had a high-flow pattern. Detailed physical examination and imaging studies to detect dilated scalp veins and a large bony defect should remind surgeons of the presence of large venous communications. Meticulous treatment of the large communication during surgery can avoid massive bleeding.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, National Taiwan University Hospital and National Taiwan University College of Medicine, 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan, Republic of China. mfk@ha.mc.ntu.edu.tw
authors.forename: Chung-Shi
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Yih-Leong
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Huei-Shyong
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Meng-Fai
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Yong-Kwang
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Tu
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D012196:Review Literature as Topic; D020779:Sinus Pericranii / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*