title: Bidirectional transcriptional activity of the Pgk1 promoter and transmission ratio distortion in Capn3-deficient mice.
abstract: A calpain 3 (Capn3) deficiency model was created by targeted disruption of the mouse Capn3 gene through homologous recombination in ES cells. Analysis of the genotype of pups from heterozygous crosses revealed a transmission ratio distortion (TRD) in favor of homozygous Capn3-deficient mice. This TRD was not observed in a second model of Capn3 deficiency, ruling out a possible involvement of Capn3 deficiency in this phenotype. The molecular nature of the TRD was investigated by quantitative RT-PCR and RACE-PCR analyses. We observed the presence in testis and ovaries of abundant, novel transcripts of the Capn3 gene arising from the antisense strand of the Pgk1-neomycin cassette. Although we could not detect corresponding translation products, our results suggest that the activity of the Pgk1 promoter could be the causative factor of TRD. This first example of TRD induced by an introduced cassette further emphasizes the care that should be taken in interpreting phenotypes of animal models, especially when dealing with reproductive functions, and further supports the rationale of using excisable cassettes in inactivation strategies.
authors.affiliation: Généthon CNRS UMR8115, 1, Rue de l'Internationale, 91000 Evry, France.
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taveau
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Stockholm
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Marchand
authors.forename: Carinne
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roudaut
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Le Bert
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Richard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002154:Calpain / Q000235:genetics*; D020090:Chromosome Segregation / Q000235:genetics*; D015870:Gene Expression; D005838:Genotype; D006066:Gonads / Q000378:metabolism; D040582:Inheritance Patterns / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice / Q000235:genetics*; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D010735:Phosphoglycerate Kinase / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D009124:Muscle Proteins; D010735:Phosphoglycerate Kinase; D002154:Calpain; C491373:Capn3 protein, mouse