title: Prostate cancer: evaluation of vascular characteristics with dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR imaging--initial experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To use contrast material-enhanced magnetic resonance (MR) imaging and a distributed-parameter tracer kinetics model for prospectively evaluating the vascular characteristics of prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two patients between 57 and 76 years of age (mean age, 67 years) with histologically proved adenocarcinoma of the prostate were examined by using three-dimensional dynamic contrast-enhanced T1-weighted MR imaging at 1.5 T. The local research ethics committee approved this study, and written consent was obtained from all patients. Data from regions of interest drawn in tumor, normal-appearing peripheral zone tissue, and muscle were analyzed to provide estimates of perfusion, blood volume, interstitial volume, and microvascular permeability-surface area product. These estimates were compared by using the nonparametric Wilcoxon signed rank test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean blood flow was significantly (P < .001) higher in 22 prostate tumors than in 20 contralateral peripheral zones (66 vs 32 mL/100 mL/min). Similarly, the interstitial distribution volume in tumors was enlarged compared with the interstitial distribution volume in normal peripheral zones (42 vs 27 mL/100 mL). Blood volume and microvascular permeability-surface area product values in tumors (1.0 mL/100 mL and 22 mL/100 mL/min, respectively) were similar to estimated values in peripheral zone tissue (1.5 mL/100 mL and 21 mL/100 mL/min, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings show considerable promise for isolating vascular characteristics of prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Imaging Science and Biomedical Engineering, University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PT, England.
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Buckley
authors.forename: Caleb
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Geoff J M
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Parker
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Logue
authors.forename: Charles E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Hutchinson
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D001810:Blood Volume / Q000502:physiology; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000502:physiology; D003287:Contrast Media; D045604:Extracellular Fluid; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011467:Prostate / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; C064925:gadodiamide; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA