The effects of cyclopentolate on intraocular pressure and retrobulbar hemodynamics in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the changes of intraocular pressure (IOP) and retrobulbar hemodynamics after cyclopentolate administration in patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and pseudoexfoliation glaucoma.


METHODS
Eighteen patients with pseudoexfoliation syndrome and 18 patients with pseudoexfoliation glaucoma were enrolled in the study. After baseline measurements of IOP, the peak systolic velocity (PSV), end-diastolic velocity (EDV), and resistivity index (RI) of the ophthalmic, central retinal, and posterior ciliary arteries were investigated by color Doppler imaging. Then, 1% cyclopentolate was instilled in one eye of each subject. After 45 minutes of instillation of the cyclopentolate, the measurements of IOP and retrobulbar blood flow velocities were repeated. The results were compared with those of 20 age-matched normal subjects.


RESULTS
Neither IOP nor retrobulbar blood flow velocities changed significantly in control subjects after cyclopentolate administration. IOP increased significantly after cyclopentolate instillation in pseudoexfoliation syndrome (p = 0.004). Retrobulbar blood velocities did not change significantly after the cyclopentolate in this group. In pseudoexfoliation glaucoma group, it was observed that basal mean IOP showed a statistically significant increase after cyclopentolate drop (p = 0.002). Although blood flow velocities of ophthalmic artery did not change significantly, PSV and EDV of the central retinal and posterior ciliary arteries decreased significantly (p < 0.05) and RI of the posterior ciliary artery increased significantly (p = 0.01) after cyclopentolate instillation.


CONCLUSIONS
On the basis of our findings, pseudoexfoliation appears to be a predictive factor for an IOP rise after cyclopentolate. In pseudoexfoliation glaucoma patients, an increase of IOP after cyclopentolate could lead to a decreased retrobulbar blood flow. IOP must be rechecked after cyclopentolate administration in these patients to avoid further damage to the ganglion cells.
Taner
P
P
Ophthalmology Department, Kirikkale University Faculty of Medicine, Kirikkale--Turkey. pelintaner@hotmail.com
Unal
B
B
Demirbaş
E
E
Ergin
A
A
D000368:Aged; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019842:Ciliary Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D003519:Cyclopentolate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017889:Exfoliation Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D009184:Mydriatics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009880:Ophthalmic Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D012161:Retinal Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000502:physiology; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color
D009184:Mydriatics; D003519:Cyclopentolate