title: Influence of rifaximin treatment on the susceptibility of intestinal Gram-negative flora and enterococci.
abstract: The development of rifaximin- and rifampicin-resistant intestinal coliforms was studied in 27 subjects receiving rifaximin for 3 days by plating stool samples on media containing rifaximin 200 mg/L or rifampicin 64 mg/L before treatment (day 0), after treatment was completed (day 3), and after a further 2 days (day 5). The susceptibility of enterococci grown on day 0 and day 3 was also studied in 71 subjects. Significant increases in antimicrobial-resistant coliform flora were not seen in either the rifaximin-treated or the placebo-treated subjects. Enterococci recovered pre- and post-treatment showed similar susceptibilities. Rifaximin did not select for significant resistance in the Gram-negative and Gram-positive intestinal flora during therapy.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas, Houston School of Public Health, Houston, TX 77030, USA. hdupont@sleh.com
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: DuPont
authors.forename: Z-D
authors.initials: ZD
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D016983:Enterococcus / Q000187:drug effects*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012293:Rifampin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012294:Rifamycins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000078262:Rifaximin; D014195:Travel
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D012294:Rifamycins; D000078262:Rifaximin; D012293:Rifampin