title: Renal fungal balls and pelvi-ureteric junction obstruction in a very low birth weight infant: treatment with streptokinase.
abstract: Renal candidiasis is a rare but well recognised complication of intensive care treatment in neonates. We report a problematic case with obstructing pelvi-ureteric junction (PUJ) fungal balls that was refractory to standard measures of adequate nephrostomy drainage, pelvic irrigation with amphotericin B, and systemic antifungal treatment. In an attempt to avoid potentially difficult open surgery, a novel treatment using a streptokinase solution (3,000 IU/ml) for irrigation was performed. This was successful in clearing the fungal balls, relieving obstruction and rendering the urine sterile. The present case highlights a potential role for streptokinase in cases of renal candidiasis refractory to current treatment protocols.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Surgery, University Hospital of Wales, Heath Park, Cardiff CF14 4XW, UK.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Babu
authors.forename: K A R
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Hutton
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006869:Hydronephrosis / Q000382:microbiology; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D007682:Kidney Pelvis / Q000382:microbiology*; D008297:Male; D009403:Nephrostomy, Percutaneous; D013300:Streptokinase / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D013300:Streptokinase