title: HMG-CoA reductase inhibition reverses LCAT and LDL receptor deficiencies and improves HDL in rats with chronic renal failure.
abstract: Dyslipidemia is a prominent feature of chronic renal failure (CRF) and a major risk factor for atherosclerosis and the progression of renal disease. CRF-induced dyslipidemia is marked by hypertriglyceridemia and a shift in plasma cholesterol from HDL to the ApoB-containing lipoproteins. Several studies have demonstrated a favorable response to administration of 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase inhibitors (statins) in CRF. This study was intended to explore the effect of statin therapy on key enzymes and receptors involved in cholesterol metabolism. Accordingly, CRF (5/6 nephrectomized) and sham-operated rats were randomized to untreated and statin-treated (rosuvastatin 20 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) groups and observed for 6 wk. The untreated CRF rats exhibited increased total cholesterol-to-HDL cholesterol ratio, diminished plasma lecithin:cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) and the hepatic LDL receptor, elevated hepatic acyl-CoA:cholesterol acyltransferase (ACAT), and no change in hepatic HMG-CoA reductase, cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase, or HDL receptor (SRB-1). Statin administration lowered HMG-CoA reductase activity, normalized plasma LCAT, total cholesterol-to-HDL cholesterol ratio, and hepatic LDL receptor but did not significantly change either plasma total cholesterol, hepatic cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase, total ACAT activity, or SRB-1 in the CRF animals. Statin administration to the normal control rats led to significant increases in plasma LCAT and hepatic LDL receptor, significant reductions of total cholesterol-to-HDL cholesterol ratio, hepatic HMG-CoA reductase activity, and cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase abundance with virtually no change in plasma cholesterol concentration. Thus administration of rosuvastatin reversed LCAT and LDL receptor deficiencies and promoted a shift in plasma cholesterol from ApoB-containing lipoproteins to HDL in CRF rats.
authors.affiliation: Div. of Nephrology and Hypertension, Univ. of California, Irvine Medical Ctr., Bldg. 53, Rm. 125, 101 The City Dr., Rt. 81, Orange, CA 92868, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: N D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Vaziri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002790:Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases / Q000378:metabolism; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D007862:Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000097:blood; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D011973:Receptors, LDL; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases; D002790:Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase; D007862:Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase