title: Incidence of urinary tract infection following transrectal ultrasound guided prostate biopsy at a tertiary-care medical center in Lebanon.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the incidence of urinary tract infections (UTIs) following transrectal ultrasound guided needle biopsy of the prostate (TRUBP) and the bacteriology of these infections.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective evaluation of the charts and records of all patients who underwent TRUBP between June 1, 2002, and August 31, 2003.
  
  
  METHODS
  American University of Beirut Medical Center, a tertiary-care center in Lebanon.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred seven patients underwent TRUBP. All received prophylactic antibiotics. One hundred twenty (58%) received ciprofloxacin alone, whereas 87 (42%) received both ciprofloxacin and gentamicin. Sixty-one patients (29.5%) had an enema prior to the procedure, whereas 146 (70.5%) did not.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirteen patients (6.3%) were admitted with UTI. All had rigors and fever on admission. Symptoms appeared at a mean of 2.7 days and the mean hospital stay was 9.2 days. The mean duration of antibiotic treatment was 23.2 days. Ten (77%) of the patients had positive bacteriology. Urine cultures were positive in 8 (61.5%) of the patients and blood cultures in 6 (46.2%). All positive cultures grew Escherichia coli resistant to ciprofloxacin, with 5 isolates producing extended-spectrum betalactamases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TRUBP continues to be associated with significant infectious complications, especially UTI. Given the increasing incidence of antibiotic resistance mainly among the Enterobacteriaceae, antimicrobial prophylaxis practices should be reevaluated and the universal administration of quinolones alone or in combination with aminoglycosides should be reconsidered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Zaher K
authors.initials: ZK
authors.lastname: Otrock
authors.forename: Gerard O
authors.initials: GO
authors.lastname: Oghlakian
authors.forename: Mariana M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Salamoun
authors.forename: Maurice
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haddad
authors.forename: Abdul Rahman N
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Bizri
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007861:Lebanon / Q000453:epidemiology; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D011467:Prostate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D005839:Gentamicins; D002939:Ciprofloxacin