title: Poor coronary collateral circulation is associated with higher concentrations of soluble adhesion molecules in patients with single-vessel disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  As the endothelium and inflammatory cells play a crucial role in the development of collaterals after a sudden or slowly progressing stenosis of coronary arteries, the levels of soluble endothelial adhesion molecules (CAMs) including vascular cell adhesion molecule (VCAM-1) intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and E-selectin were compared between patients with poor coronary collaterals and patients with well-developed collaterals.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the study, 97 non-diabetic subjects with single-vessel disease were included. Collateral supply to the stenotic coronary artery was determined by angiographic grading system of 0-3 (Rentrop et al. J Am Coll Cardiol 1985; 5:587-592). Serum levels of adhesion molecules were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients were divided into two groups according to the collateral degree (group A: 50 patients with grade 0 and 1; group B: 47 patients with grade 2 and 3 collaterals). The groups were well matched with respect to baseline clinical and angiographic characteristics. Levels of soluble VCAM-1 (mean+/-SEM; 875+/-26.6 versus 742.7+/-35.1 ng/ml; P=0.004), ICAM-1 (322.4+/-12.4 versus 269.4+/-13.3 ng/ml; P=0.005), and E-selectin (43.6+/-2.6 versus 33+/-2.4 ng/ml; P=0.004) were found to be significantly higher in group A in comparison with group B. In addition, when patients were divided into four groups according to the collateral degree, patients with grade 0 collaterals had the highest values and those with grade 3 collaterals had the lowest values for all these molecules.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We concluded that poor collateral circulation is associated with increased levels of soluble CAMs in patients with obstructive coronary artery disease. However, further studies are needed to elucidate the exact role of these inflammatory markers in the setting of poor collateral circulation.
authors.affiliation: Yüksek Ihtisas Hospital, Cardiology Clinic, Ankara, Turkey. umitguray@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Umit
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Guray
authors.forename: Ali Riza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Erbay
authors.forename: Yesim
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guray
authors.forename: Mehmet Birhan
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Asiye Ayca
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Boyaci
authors.forename: Hatice
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sasmaz
authors.forename: Sule
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Korkmaz
authors.forename: Emine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kutuk
mesh_terms: D003097:Collateral Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D019040:E-Selectin; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1