title: Cost-effectiveness of imatinib versus interferon-alpha plus low-dose cytarabine for patients with newly diagnosed chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite a lack of long-term data, imatinib has become standard therapy for patients with newly diagnosed chronic-phase chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) who are not candidates for allogeneic stem cell transplantation. In the current study, the authors estimated the incremental cost-effectiveness of imatinib versus interferon-alpha plus low-dose cytarabine (IFN+LDAC) as first-line therapy for these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from the International Randomized Interferon versus STI571 Study and the literature were used to estimate lifetime costs, survival, and quality-adjusted survival. Survival estimates were based on published survival curves for patients who achieved and those who did not achieve a complete cytogenetic response after treatment with interferon-alpha.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean estimated survival with first-line imatinib therapy was 15.30 years, compared with 9.07 years with IFN+LDAC. Undiscounted lifetime costs were approximately $424,600 with imatinib and $182,800 with IFN+LDAC. Using a 3% discount rate, the incremental survival gain with imatinib was 3.93 life-years and 3.89 quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs). Incremental discounted lifetime costs were found to be $168,100 higher with imatinib, resulting in incremental cost-effectiveness ratios of $43,100 per life-year saved (95% confidence interval [95% CI], $37,600-51,100) and $43,300 per QALY (95% CI, $38,300-49,100).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the current study demonstrate that compared with IFN+LDAC, imatinib is a cost-effective first-line therapy in patients with newly diagnosed chronic-phase CML.
authors.affiliation: Center for Clinical and Genetic Economics, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Shelby D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.forename: Kevin J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Anstrom
authors.forename: Jennifer A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ludmer
authors.forename: G Alastair
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Glendenning
authors.forename: Kevin A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Schulman
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001549:Benzamides; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000191:economics; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000191:economics; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics / Q000473:pathology; D010879:Piperazines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001549:Benzamides; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D010879:Piperazines; D011743:Pyrimidines; D003561:Cytarabine; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate