title: [Spinal anesthesia with isobaric 0.5% bupivacaine for lower limb surgery: effects of different volumes].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The effects of different volumes (2.4, 2.6, 2.8 and 3.0 ml) of isobaric 0.5% bupivacaine used for spinal anesthesia were compared in 206 patients scheduled for lower limb surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The spinal anesthesia was performed with the patients in the lateral position and the isobaric 0.5% bupivacaine was injected intrathecally at the L3-4 interspace.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The time to maximum cephalad spread of anesthesia (loss of cold sensation) varied between 25 and 40 min. A significant difference was found in cephalad spread between 2.4 ml group and 3.0 ml group (T11 vs T7), and between 2.6 ml group and 3.0 ml group (T11 vs T7). Severe hypotension did not occur during the study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Spinal anesthesia with 2.8 ml of isobaric 0.5% bupivacaine proved satisfactory for lower limb surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, Yamaguchi Prefectural Central Hospital, Hofu 747-8511.
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Haranishi
authors.forename: Yasutoshi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matayoshi
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshitomi
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Kumiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Seiichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shibasaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012996:Solutions; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D012996:Solutions; D002045:Bupivacaine