title: Zn, Cd and Pb accumulation and arbuscular mycorrhizal colonisation of pennycress Thlaspi praecox Wulf. (Brassicaceae) from the vicinity of a lead mine and smelter in Slovenia.
abstract: Significant hyperaccumulation of Zn, Cd and Pb in field samples of Thlaspi praecox Wulf. collected from a heavy metal polluted area in Slovenia was found, with maximal shoot concentrations of 14,590 mg kg(-1) Zn, 5960 mg kg(-1) Cd and 3500 mg kg(-1) Pb. Shoot/root ratios of 9.6 for Zn and 5.6 for Cd show that the metals were preferentially transported to the shoots. Shoot bioaccumulation factors exceeded total soil Cd levels 75-fold and total soil Zn levels 20-fold, further supporting the hyperaccumulation of Cd and Zn. Eighty percent of Pb was retained in roots, thus indicating exclusion as a tolerance strategy for Pb. Low level colonisation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) of a Paris type was observed at the polluted site, whereas at the non-polluted site Arum type colonisation was more common. To our knowledge this is the first report of Cd hyperaccumulation and AMF colonisation in metal hyperaccumulating T. praecox.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Vecna pot 111, SI-1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia. katrina.vogel@uni-lj.si
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vogel-Mikus
authors.forename: Damjana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Drobne
authors.forename: Marjana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Regvar
mesh_terms: D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity; D008669:Metallurgy; D008906:Mining; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D031227:Thlaspi / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium; D007854:Lead; D015032:Zinc