title: Paradoxical coronary embolism causing non-ST segment elevation myocardial infarction in a case of pulmonary embolism.
abstract: We describe the case of a 61-year-old woman who simultaneously suffered a pulmonary embolism and a myocardial infarction due to paradoxical coronary artery embolism. Transesophageal echocardiography with injection of agitated hydroxyethyl starch revealed a patent foramen ovale. Thrombophlebistis of the left saphenous vein with extension of thrombus into the femoral vein could be identified as the source of embolism. Paradoxical coronary embolism is an underrecognized cause of MI. Diagnosis is particularly difficult, when MI and PE coincide, because of the similarity in clinical signs and symptoms of both entities. A high level of clinical suspicion and echocardiography, especially if performed soon after presentation, can be the clue to early diagnosis of PDE.
authors.affiliation: I. Medizinische Klinik, Universitätsklinikum Mannheim, 68167, Mannheim, Germany. dariush.haghi@med.ma.uni-heidelberg.de
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Haghi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sueselbeck
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Papavassiliu
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Haase
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borggrefe
mesh_terms: D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D004562:Electrocardiography; D019320:Embolism, Paradoxical / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D005165:Factor V / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005268:Femoral Vein; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D006493:Heparin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D012501:Saphenous Vein; D013924:Thrombophlebitis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: C095381:factor V Leiden; D005165:Factor V; D006493:Heparin