title: Xanthones from Gentiana campestris as new acetylcholinesterase inhibitors.
abstract: In order to discover new acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitors, different plant extracts were screened by a previously established TLC bioautographic method. The methanol extract of Gentiana campestris leaves exhibited significant inhibition of AChE activity. A bioactivity-guided fractionation approach was undertaken to isolate the active components. Four xanthones, bellidin, bellidifolin, bellidin 8-O-beta-glucopyranoside (norswertianolin), and bellidifolin 8-O-beta-glucopyranoside (swertianolin), were found to be responsible for the anti-AChE activity effects. Bellidifolin showed similar activity to galanthamine in this enzyme assay.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Geneva-Lausanne School of Pharmacy, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Aurélie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urbain
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marston
authors.forename: Emerson Ferreira
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Queiroz
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ndjoko
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hostettmann
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000187:drug effects; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D030012:Gentiana; D006801:Humans; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018515:Plant Leaves; D044004:Xanthones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D010936:Plant Extracts; D044004:Xanthones; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase