title: Herpes simplex virus-cell interactions studied by immunogold cryosection electron microscopy.
abstract: A technique is presented for high-resolution postembedding immunolocalization of one or two (or several) antigens in the same ultrathin cryosection using primary monoclonal antibodies from the same species. The optimized three-layer indirect immunogold-labeled cryosection electron microscopy described is recommended for studies of virus-cell interactions, because: (1) it is a simple and reproducible method; (2) colloidal gold markers are electron-dense, stable, and easy to recognize; (3) the membraneous ultrastructure and immunolabeling are well preserved; (4) immunolabeling is less in the two-layer method; (5) silver-enhanced gold particles vary in size and shape; (6) it is possible to demonstrate herpes simplex virus type 1 glycoproteins gC-1 and gD-1 in the nuclear membranes and gC-1- and gD-1-labeled viral particles in the perinuclear space and to observe virions in the endoplasmic reticulum and Golgi area. The use of buffered 3% paraformaldehyde plus 2% glutaraldehyde for 2 h at room temperature effectively destroys free anti-IgG binding sites on the secondary antibodies in double-labeling immunogold cryosection electron microscopy and is recommended because: (1) inactivation is obtained through buffered primary fixative; (2) the method is simple and reproducible; (3) cross-labeling is effectively avoided; (4) silver-intensification, high temperature, and methyl cellulose cover of ultrathin cryosections are avoided between the staining sequences; and (5) ultrastructure and antigenicity are well preserved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Rigshospitalet, University Hospital of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Helle Lone
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: Bodil
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Norrild
mesh_terms: D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000502:physiology* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D008168:Lung / Q000821:virology; D008854:Microscopy, Electron / Q000379:methods*; D018139:Simplexvirus / Q000502:physiology*