title: Detection of human papillomavirus DNA in breast cancer of patients with cervical cancer history.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent studies have revealed a possible role for the human papillomavirus (HPV) in the pathogenesis of breast cancer. In this study, patients having both a history of invasive cervical cancer and breast cancer as second primary cancer were selected for enrolment in a study of breast carcinomas for the presence of HPV.
  
  
  METHODS
  Paraffin-embedded tissue from cervical cancer, pelvic lymph nodes, breast cancer and axillary lymph nodes of eleven patients were examined for the presence of HPV DNA using a polymerase chain reaction - enzyme immuno assay. DNA extraction was performed with the "QIAamp Tissue Kit" according to the manufacturer's instructions. Additionally, serum samples taken between diagnosis of cervical and breast cancer, were analyzed for the presence of HPV DNA to examine a possible haematogenous spread of oncogenic HPV DNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All cervical carcinomas were HPV-positive. HPV DNA was detected in seven out of eleven cases in breast cancer and/or axillary lymph node tissue. Six patients had the same HPV type (HPV-16) in cervical cancer and in the corresponding breast cancer/lymph node tissue. In one case, the same HPV DNA type (HPV 16) was detected in cervical cancer, breast cancer and serum sample.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that HPV DNA might be transported from the original site of infection to the breast tissue by the bloodstream, and that it is possibly involved in the carcinogenesis of breast neoplasia in some patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Innsbruck University Hospital, Anichstrasse 35, A-6020 Innsbruck, Austria. andreas.widschwendter@uibk.ac.at
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Widschwendter
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Brunhuber
authors.forename: Annemarie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wiedemair
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mueller-Holzner
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marth
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000821:virology; D008875:Middle Aged; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G