title: Effect of panel-reactive antibody positivity on graft rejection before or after kidney transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Because it is well known that kidney transplant recipients with preformed lymphocytotoxic antibodies against HLA antigens have increased graft rejection rates, a serological crossmatch is routinely performed before kidney transplantation. But, the presence of these antibodies is not routinely monitored after transplantation. We investigated the panel-reactive antibody (PRA) response to know whether variations before or after kidney transplantation were associated with graft rejection.
  
  
  METHODS
  We prospectively analyzed sera from 350 renal allograft recipients from September 1998 to March 2003. Pretransplantation and posttransplantation sera at 3 or 5 weeks postoperatively were tested in PRA. Recipients were stratified into 3 groups according to their PRA levels group I, PRA = 0; group II, PRA = less than 50%, and group III, PRA = more than 50%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total graft rejection rate among 350 recipients was 9.4% (n = 33). Twenty-four pretransplantation PRA-positive recipients had a graft rejection rate of 20.8% (n = 5), compared with an 8.6% (n = 28) rate among 326 pretransplantation PRA-negative recipients. Six of 24 posttransplantation PRA-positive recipients (25%) experienced a graft rejection versus 27 (8.3%) of 326 posttransplantation PRA-negative subjects. Among the pretransplantation PRA stratae, the rejection rate in group III was 25% (1 of 4) versus 20% (4 of 20) in group II and 8.6% (28 of 326) in group I (P < .05). According to the postransplantation PRA level, 37.5% (3 of 8) in group III versus 18.8% (3 of 16) in group II and 8.3% (27 of 326) in group I (P < .05) had a graft rejection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study suggests that the PRA response pretransplantation and in the early posttransplantation period correlates with the kidney allograft rejection rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University, School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Joh
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: H Y
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Y G
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: W S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Huh
authors.forename: W I
authors.initials: WI
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D007518:Isoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens; D007518:Isoantibodies