title: Gastrointestinal manifestations in Henoch-Schönlein purpura: a review of 261 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Henoch-Schönlein purpura is an IgA-mediated autoimmune vasculitis of children. It often presents with symptoms including purpuric rash, abdominal pain, renal involvement or arthritis. Abdominal pain is a frequent symptom in children with HSP and raises the suspicion of intussusception or perforation. We sought to evaluate abdominal pain via stool occult blood and image studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study of 261 patients diagnosed with Henoch-Schönlein purpura from December 1991 to December 2001 was conducted. Image studies, including abdominal echo, abdominal CT and panendoscopy, were performed for patients who suffered from abdominal pain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 261 patients, 151 (58%) had abdominal pain, and 46 (17.6%) suffered either overt gastrointestinal bleeding or had positive stool occult blood. Seven patients had gross bloody stools. One acute intussusception and one bowel perforation were noted. One patient suffered from hypovolemic shock due to massive gastrointestinal bleeding. When stool occult blood was 3+ or 4+, the incidence of a positive image finding was high.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that stool occult blood and image studies may be necessary regarding severe gastrointestinal involvement. Ultrasonography is an important tool when intussusception or bowel perforation is suspected. Monitoring the vital signs is important, especially in patients with massive gastrointestinal bleeding.
authors.affiliation: National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: W-L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Y-H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Y-T
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: B-L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Chiang
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D011695:IgA Vasculitis / Q000150:complications*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009780:Occult Blood; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography