title: Combined effects of smoking and hypercholesterolemia on inflammatory process, thrombosis/fibrinolysis system, and forearm hyperemic response.
abstract: The combined effects of smoking and hypercholesterolemia on the inflammatory process, the thrombosis/fibrinolysis system, and forearm hyperemic response were investigated. It was shown that smokers with hypercholesterolemia (n = 25) had a reduced and delayed forearm hyperemic response compared with healthy smokers (n = 24), patients with hypercholesterolemia (n = 26), and healthy controls (n = 75; p <0.01 for all). This phenomenon was associated with a respective increase in the inflammatory process and changes in the thrombosis/fibrinolysis system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Charalambos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Antoniades
authors.forename: Dimitris
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tousoulis
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vasiliadou
authors.forename: Kyriakoula
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Marinou
authors.forename: Costas
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tentolouris
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ntarladimas
authors.forename: Christodoulos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stefanadis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005342:Fibrinolysis / Q000502:physiology*; D005542:Forearm / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006940:Hyperemia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D002784:Cholesterol