[Study on the effectiveness of brief intervention for alcohol and other drug use directed to adolescents in a primary health care unit].
OBJECTIVE
The main purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a brief intervention and a preventive orientation on the use of alcohol and other drugs directed towards adolescents.


METHODS
Ninety nine youths who sought medical assistance in an out patient service specialized in adolescents were classified, according to their level of consumption of substances, into users during the last month (UM) or non users during the last month (NUM). Each of these was divided into four groups: a control group of users in the last month (COUM), a control group of non users in the last month (CONUM), a Brief Intervention group (BI--in case they were regular users) and a Preventive Orientation group (PO--in case they were non users in the last month). The preventive orientation lasted 2-3 minutes and the brief intervention took about 20 minutes, both followed a structured schedule. All participants were followed-up and evaluated for a 6 months period.


RESULTS
In the 6-month follow-up, a significant increase in cannabis, alcohol and tobacco consumption, as well as in the intensity of related-problems, was observed in the CONUM group. The increase of alcohol and tobacco consumption observed in the PO group had a significantly lesser frequency and lower intensity than in the CONUM group. Moreover, no increase in cannabis consumption was observed in this group. The BI group showed a significant reduction in the number of users during the last month with respect to most substances, as well as in relation to substance-related problems.


CONCLUSIONS
Our results confirm that a single brief intervention session is effective in reducing consumption of psychoactive substances in adolescents. Although influence of other factors could not be discarded, preventive orientation reduced the increase of cannabis consumption but increased use of tobacco and alcohol. Further and more in depth studies are required to evaluate the usefulness of preventive programs on alcohol and other drug consumption, in order to bring to light more effective and comprehensive approaches.
De Micheli
Denise
D
Departamento de Psicobiologia, Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. demicheli@psicobio.epm.br
Fisberg
Mauro
M
Formigoni
Maria Lucia O S
ML
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000592:standards*; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000592:standards; D017064:Process Assessment, Health Care / Q000592:standards*; D011614:Psychotherapy, Brief; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*