title: Effects of cooling and ARL 67156 on synaptic ecto-ATPase activity in guinea pig and mouse vas deferens.
abstract: We have studied the influence of temperature and ARL 67156 on ATP hydrolysis in mouse and guinea pig vas deferens in order to explore the properties of the enzymatic inactivation mechanism proposed to regulate purinergic neurotransmission at the sympathetic neuromuscular junction of smooth muscle. The ectonucleotidase activity was determined by using the malachite green method to measure the inorganic phosphate (Pi) liberated with ATP used as a substrate. ATP hydrolysis in both species was found to be insensitive to ouabain (100 microM), sodium azide (1 mM), sodium vanadate (100 microM) and beta-glycerophosphate (10 mM) and was also found to depend on Ca2+ and Mg2+. V(MAX) of the ectonucleotidase activity for guinea pig and mouse vas deferens was 958.4+/-66.3 and 79.7+/-8.5 pmol/min/mg, while K(M) was 625.1+/-45.2 and 406.0+/-29.0 microM, respectively. Cooling the tissues from 35 to 25 degrees C reduced the enzyme activity significantly (P<0.01) by 52.7+/-9.2% in guinea pig vas deferens and 34.9+/-5.3% in mouse vas deferens. ARL 67156 (100 microM), the specific ecto-ATPase inhibitor, caused a reduction in enzyme activity in guinea pig and mouse vas of 54.1+/-16.4% and 53.0+/-7.6%, respectively (P<0.01). The degree of inhibition of ATP hydrolysis by lowered temperature and 100 microM ARL 67156 correlates well with the reported potentiation and prolongation of junction potentials under these conditions. It is concluded that ecto-ATPase or a closely related ectonucleotidase plays an important role in the physiological regulation of purinergic neurotransmission.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering Group, School of Bioscience; Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology-Bombay, Powai, Mumbai, Maharashtra 400076, India.
authors.forename: Para
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ghildyal
authors.forename: Rohit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manchanda
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D003080:Cold Temperature; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D013569:Synapses / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D014649:Vas Deferens / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: C092431:6-N,N-diethyl-beta,gamma-dibromomethylene-D-ATP; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; C027201:ectoATPase