title: Behavioral sensitization due to social defeat stress in mice: antagonism at mGluR5 and NMDA receptors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Repeated administration of psychostimulants progressively augments the behavioral response to and increases self-administration behavior of these drugs. Experience of repeated intermittent social defeat stress episodes also leads to a sensitized locomotor response following psychostimulant challenge. Both metabotropic and ionotropic glutamate receptors have been shown to be critical in the induction and expression of stimulant sensitization, but their role in sensitization due to social defeat stress remains unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the role of mGluR5 and NMDA glutamate receptors in the development of amphetamine-induced and social defeat stress-induced sensitization, using the non-competitive mGluR5 antagonist, MPEP, and the non-competitive NMDA antagonist, dizocilpine (MK-801).
  
  
  METHODS
  In adult, male CFW mice, sensitization was induced by either ten daily injections of D-amphetamine (1 mg/kg) or ten daily brief episodes of social defeat. Mice were pretreated with MPEP (3 mg/kg or 10 mg/kg) or dizocilpine (0.1 mg/kg) prior to amphetamine injections. Mice subjected to social defeat were pretreated with MPEP (10 mg/kg) or dizocilpine (0.1 mg/kg). Ten days after induction, the expression of locomotor sensitization to amphetamine was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The induction of sensitization due to social defeat stress was prevented by MPEP, yet MPEP did not inhibit the development of behavioral sensitization to amphetamine. Confirming and extending earlier results, dizocilpine pretreatment blocked both amphetamine-induced and stress-induced sensitization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data indicate that behavioral sensitization to social defeat stress is dependent on mGluR5 receptors, whereas low-dose amphetamine sensitization may not be.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Tufts University, Medford, Mass., USA.
authors.forename: Jasmine J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Yap
authors.forename: Herbert E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Covington
authors.forename: Melissa C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Gale
authors.forename: Rupak
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Datta
authors.forename: Klaus A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Miczek
mesh_terms: D000661:Amphetamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000494:pharmacology; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000187:drug effects; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D064529:Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*; D017557:Ventral Tegmental Area / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; C578936:Grm5 protein, mouse; D011725:Pyridines; D064529:Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; C121465:6-methyl-2-(phenylethynyl)pyridine; D000661:Amphetamine