title: Comparison of circulating proinflammatory cytokines and soluble apoptosis mediators in patients with chronic heart failure with versus without symptoms of depression.
abstract: This clinical study compared the expression of circulating proinflammatory (tumor necrosis factor-alpha [TNF-alpha] and interleukin-6) and anti-inflammatory (interleukin-10) cytokines and soluble apoptosis mediators (Fas/Fas ligand) between patients with stable chronic heart failure and depressive symptoms (as estimated by the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale) (n = 15) and those without these symptoms (n = 20). Patients with depressive symptoms exhibited significantly higher levels of TNF-alpha and soluble Fas ligand, as well as significantly lower levels of interleukin-10, than patients without emotional distress. A disregulated cytokine network and activated apoptosis signaling molecules may be actively implicated in the pathophysiology of chronic emotional distress and depressive symptoms in patients with heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Heart Failure Clinic, Amalia Fleming Hospital, Athens, Greece. jparissis@yahoo.com <jparissis@yahoo.com>
authors.forename: John T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Parissis
authors.forename: Stamatis
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Adamopoulos
authors.forename: Antonios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rigas
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kostakis
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Karatzas
authors.forename: Koula
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Venetsanou
authors.forename: Dimitrios Th
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Kremastinos
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017209:Apoptosis; D003863:Depression / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000097:blood*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: C505661:FASLG protein, human; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019014:fas Receptor; D016753:Interleukin-10