title: Association of interleukin-8 with inflammatory and innate immune components in bronchoalveolar lavage of children with chronic respiratory diseases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The host inflammatory response and innate immunity play a complex role in respiratory diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated the levels of inflammatory mediators and antibacterial proteins in children who required bronchoscopy and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) for clinical indications such as chronic tracheostomy (n=15) and chronic suppurative lung disease (n=8).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results suggested the presence of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) and IL-8 as major inflammatory mediators in BALF samples. The level of the antibacterial protein sIgA was higher than lactoferrin and lysozyme. BALF IL-8 levels significantly correlated with the presence of IL-1beta, IL-6, IL-10, IL-16, sIgA and lysozyme. BALF IL-8 levels did not correlate with the levels of immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory clara cell 10 kDa protein (CC10) or lactoferrin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that patients with high levels of BALF IL-8 could potentially have high levels of IL-6, IL-10, IL-16, lysozyme and sIgA. Evaluating the inflammatory mediators (IL-8) in relation to other BALF protein components provides insight into understanding the role of inflammatory mediators in the regulation of host defense and the response to lung inflammation and injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Research, Nemours Research Lung Center, Alfred I. duPont Hospital for Children, 1600 Rockland Road, Wilmington, DE 19803, USA. rbabu@nemours.org
authors.forename: Polani B Ramesh
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Babu
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chidekel
authors.forename: Thomas H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Shaffer
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D001988:Bronchiolitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018893:Bronchoalveolar Lavage / Q000009:adverse effects; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D001999:Bronchoscopy / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000502:physiology*; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000378:metabolism; D012120:Respiration Disorders / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014598:Uteroglobin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007375:Interleukin-1; D016209:Interleukin-8; C556389:SCGB1A1 protein, human; D014598:Uteroglobin; D007781:Lactoferrin