title: Abdominal tumours in children: 3-D visualisation and surgical planning.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Solid abdominal tumours are of special importance in the field of paediatric surgery. Because of the dangers of cumulative irradiation and improved delineation of soft parts MRI is usually employed in children for diagnostic assessment. Compiling the radiologic information for surgical planning is often difficult by conventional methods. Newly improved and efficient 3-D volume rendering software is now available for visual reconstruction of tumour anatomy utilising segmentation and other special techniques. Because the intraoperative complication rate is close to 20 % as described in the literature, optimal preoperative visualisation and planning would seem imperative.
  
  
  METHODS
  All children with solid abdominal tumours at Heidelberg University in the year 2002 were included in this study. MR examinations were performed with a 0.5 Tesla magnet using a standard protocol. All MR data were processed with VG Studio Max 1.1, converting the two-dimensional data into three-dimensional data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This report presents 15 cases using this special technique: 7 with abdominal neuroblastoma, 6 with nephroblastoma, 1 ganglioneuroma, and 1 ovarian teratoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our experience shows that a better understanding of the surgical anatomy, particularly regarding the surrounding organs and vasculature, can be helpful in decreasing the incidence of inadvertent intraoperative injuries to these structures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Surgery, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany. Patrick_Guenther@med.uni-heidelberg.de
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Günther
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Schenk
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wunsch
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tröger
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Waag
mesh_terms: D000008:Abdominal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D011300:Preoperative Care; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D009396:Wilms Tumor / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery