title: Plasma endothelin-1 levels in patients with complex regional pain syndrome.
abstract: The clinical characteristics of complex regional pain syndrome (CRPS)--spontaneous and stimulus-evoked pain, autonomic abnormalities, motor dysfunction, and trophic changes in the affected limb--are well known. However, its pathogenesis is unclear, and the diagnosis is often delayed, in part due to lack of objective laboratory tests. Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor that has recently been shown to produce pain, allodynia, edema, and muscle weakness, as well as to exert a direct excitatory effect on nociceptive afferents. Furthermore, new evidence indicates that ET-1 is involved in various cancer- and non-cancer-related painful conditions. The aim of the present explorative study was to determine the ET-1 plasma levels in patients with CRPS in an attempt to identify a 'laboratory marker' for CRPS and to search for evidence suggesting that ET-1 may be involved in the pathogenesis of CRPS. ET-1 plasma levels were determined in 20 severely affected CRPS patients, in eight patients with non-CRPS chronic painful conditions, and in 10 healthy volunteers. The results showed that there were no significant differences in ET-1 plasma levels between the three groups. We conclude that the plasma level of ET-1 cannot be regarded as a 'marker' for CRPS. Yet, the possibility that ET-1 is involved in the pathophysiology of CRPS has not been excluded and deserves further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Pain Relief Unit, Rambam Medical Center, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, POB 9602, Haifa 31096, Israel. e_eisenberg@rambam.health.gov.il
authors.forename: Elon
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eisenberg
authors.forename: Tomer
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Erlich
authors.forename: Oren
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Zinder
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lichinsky
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Diamond
authors.forename: Dorit
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pud
authors.forename: Gudarz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Davar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D020918:Complex Regional Pain Syndromes / Q000097:blood* / Q000523:psychology; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017288:Pain Threshold; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D019332:Endothelin-1