title: Expression analysis of three isoforms of hyaluronan synthase and hyaluronidase in the synovium of knees in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis by quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction.
abstract: Hyaluronan is a major molecule in joint fluid and plays a crucial role in joint motion and the maintenance of joint homeostasis. The concentration and average molecular weight of hyaluronan in the joint fluids are reduced in osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. To elucidate the underlying mechanism, we analyzed the message expression of three isoforms of hyaluronan synthase and hyaluronidase from knee synovium, using real-time reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Synovia were obtained from 17 patients with osteoarthritis, 14 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, and 20 healthy control donors. The message expression of hyaluronan synthase-1 and -2 in the synovium of both types of arthritis was significantly less than in the control synovium, whereas that of hyaluronidase-2 in the synovium of both arthritides was significantly greater than in the control synovium. The decreased expression of the messages for hyaluronan synthase-1 and -2 and/or the increased expression of the message for hyaluronidase-2 may be reflected in the reduced concentration and decreased average molecular weight of hyaluronan in the joint fluids of patients with osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan. mamoru@jikei.ac.jp
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Shigaku
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sai
authors.forename: Keishi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Marumo
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Itano
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kimata
authors.forename: Katsuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujii
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D003199:Computer Systems; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D005260:Female; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D000076002:Hyaluronan Synthases; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D007719:Knee Joint; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000201:enzymology*
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase; C101754:HAS2 protein, human; D000076002:Hyaluronan Synthases; D006821:Hyaluronoglucosaminidase