title: Rumen simulation technique study on the interactions of dietary lauric and myristic acid supplementation in suppressing ruminal methanogenesis.
abstract: The interactions of lauric (C12) and myristic acid (C14) in suppressing ruminal methanogenesis and methanogens were investigated with the rumen simulation technique (Rusitec) using bovine ruminal fluid. The fatty acids were added to basal substrates (grass hay:concentrate, 1:1.5) at a level of 48 g/kg DM, provided in C12:C14 ratios of 5:0, 4:1, 3:2, 2.5:2.5, 2:3, 1:4 and 0:5. Additionally, an unsupplemented control consisting of the basal substrates only was employed. Incubation periods lasted for 15 (n 4) and 25 (n 2) d. CH4 formation was depressed by any fatty acid mixture containing at least 40 % C12, and effects persisted over the complete incubation periods. The greatest depression (70 % relative to control) occurred with a C12:C14 ratio of 4:1, whereas the second most effective treatment in suppressing CH4 production (60 % relative to control) was found with a ratio of 3:2. Total methanogenic counts were decreased by those mixtures of C12 and C14 also successful in suppressing methanogenesis, the 4:1 treatment being most efficient (60 % decline). With this treatment in particular, the composition of the methanogenic population was altered in such a way that the proportion of Methanococcales increased and Methanobacteriales decreased. Initially, CH4 suppression was associated with a decreased fibre degradation, which, however, was reversed after 10 d of incubation. The present study demonstrated a clear synergistic effect of mixtures of C12 and C14 in suppressing methanogenesis, mediated probably by direct inhibitory effects of the fatty acids on the methanogens.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Science, Animal Nutrition, Laboratory of Food Biotechnology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Switzerland. carla.soliva@inw.agrl.ethz.ch
authors.forename: Carla R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Soliva
authors.forename: Leo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Meile
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cieślak
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kreuzer
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Machmüller
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005285:Fermentation / Q000187:drug effects; D007850:Lauric Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008697:Methane / Q000378:metabolism*; D019814:Myristic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012417:Rumen / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D007850:Lauric Acids; D019814:Myristic Acid; D008697:Methane