title: Inhibition of TGFbeta signaling potentiates the FGF-2-induced stimulation of cardiomyocyte DNA synthesis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Added transforming growth factor beta (TGFbeta) inhibits the proliferation of immature cardiomyocytes. We have now examined the hypothesis that suppression of endogenous TGFbeta signaling will boost the proliferative response (DNA synthesis) of cardiac myocytes to serum and/or to the mitogenic factor fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overexpression of a kinase-deficient TGFbeta type II receptor (TGFbetaRIIDeltaKD) resulted in a 2.8-fold increase in cardiomyocyte DNA synthesis in serum-rich cultures, an effect requiring active FGFR-1 since it was not observed in the presence of excess kinase-deficient FGFR-1. This finding suggested that endogenous TGFbeta-TGFbetaRII suppressed endogenous FGFR-1-mediated signals that stimulate or are permissive for DNA synthesis. TGFbeta had no effect, however, on the FGF-2-induced acute stimulation of extracellular signal regulated kinase1/2. FGF-2, added in the absence or presence of TGFbeta inhibition, elicited a 3- or a 13-fold stimulation of DNA synthesis, respectively, pointing to a synergistic effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inhibition of TGFbetaRII-transduced signaling upregulates the proliferative response of cardiomyocytes to serum, and greatly potentiates the stimulatory effect of FGF-2. A combinatorial strategy including activation of FGF-2 and inhibition of TGFbeta-triggered signal transduction may be required for maximal stimulation of immature cardiomyocyte DNA synthesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Manitoba, 730 William Avenue, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada R3E 3J7.
authors.forename: Farah
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sheikh
authors.forename: Cheryl J A
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Hirst
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Margaret E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Bock
authors.forename: Robert R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Fandrich
authors.forename: Barbara E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Nickel
authors.forename: Brad W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Doble
authors.forename: Elissavet
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kardami
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Cattini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000077294:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D004247:DNA; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D000077294:Receptor, Transforming Growth Factor-beta Type II