title: Infected fractures of the distal tibial metaphysis and plafond: achievement of limb salvage with free muscle flaps, bone grafting, and ankle fusion.
abstract: Infection after fractures of the tibial plafond is a challenging problem that may even result in amputation. The current study evaluates a limb salvage protocol and the associated long term functional outcome in 6 patients (mean age 46 years) who were treated for infection after a fracture of the distal tibial metaphysis and plafond. Our limb salvage protocol included 3 stages: 1) radical debridement and stabilization of the ankle with a bridging external fixator, 2) soft tissue coverage with free muscle flaps, and 3) ankle fusion using iliac crest bone graft for filling the existing defects measuring 4.2 cm on average. At a mean followup of 5.5 years (range, 2-10.5 years), limb-salvage and eradication of infection was accomplished in all extremities. Fusion of the ankle joint was achieved in all patients, with one patient requiring a supplemental bone grafting procedure for delayed healing of the fusion site. All patients are able to walk without assistive devices and five of six patients are pain free. Limb salvage with free muscle flaps, bone grafting, and ankle fusion is a viable option for the treatment of infected tibial metaphysis and plafond fractures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, LAC + USC Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
authors.forename: Charalampos G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Zalavras
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Patzakis
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Thordarson
authors.forename: Swapnil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Randy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sherman
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Holtom
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000601:surgery*; D001174:Arthrodesis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007085:Ilium / Q000637:transplantation*; D007239:Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*; D023821:Limb Salvage / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*