title: Total mercury determination in sand boxes from Montreal.
abstract: Direct mercury analysis was successfully applied to determine trace levels of total mercury in samples from sand boxes in Montréal (Québec, Canada). Twenty sand boxes were sampled from across the city and divided into two size fractions, a fine fraction (<100 microm) and a whole fraction. The concentrations of mercury ranged from 1.6 to 35 microg Hg kg(-1) dry soil for the fine fraction and from 0.7 to 6 microg Hg kg(-1) dry soil for the whole fraction. The mercury concentrations correlated with the soil organic carbon content (R2= 0.67) in the sand. The ratio of the concentration of mercury in the fine over the whole fraction varied from 2.2 to 18. Using published soil ingestion rates for children, the calculated daily intake values varied from 0 to 0.5 ng Hg kg(-1) bw d(-1) with an estimated oral ingestion of 200 mg of sand and from 0.2 to 4.7 ng Hg kg(-1) bw d(-1) with an ingestion of 1750 mg of sand. None of the sand boxes contain sufficient amounts of mercury so as to exceed the currently accepted daily intake threshold of 0.105 microg Hg kg(-1) bw d(-1) established by Health Canada.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: Paul B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Fayad
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amyot
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sauvé
mesh_terms: D002244:Carbon / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D008628:Mercury / Q000032:analysis* / Q000592:standards; D010316:Particle Size; D010988:Play and Playthings; D011792:Quebec; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D002244:Carbon; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D008628:Mercury