title: An in vitro investigation of the anti-inflammatory properties of potassium humate.
abstract: In this study the anti-inflammatory potential of potassium humate, derived from bituminous coal, has been investigated in vitro. Exposure of resting and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate (PMA) stimulated human neutrophils to potassium humate resulted in a decreased expression of CR3 by activated, but not resting cells, in a dose-related way. Humate also inhibited the adhesion of PMA-stimulated neutrophils to a baby hamster kidney cell line expressing ICAM1 (the CR3 ligand) (BHK331-7). Similar results were obtained using normal BHK cells indicating that this inhibition does not only target specific adhesion molecules on the neutrophil and eosinophil membrane by activated phagocytes, but also affects other mechanisms involved in cell adhesion. Opsonised Sephadex or FMLP/Cyto B-induced degranulation of neutrophils and eosinophils were also decreased by humate treatment. Inhibition of the adhesion of activated phagocytes, as well as inhibition of the release of granule polypeptides, both of which are responsible for tissue damage during inflammatory processes, are attractive targets for anti-inflammatory drugs. Because humate is well tolerated with an excellent safety profile it merits further evaluation in patients suffering from inflammatory conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa.
authors.forename: Gisela Käthe
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Jooné
authors.forename: Constance Elizabeth Jansen
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: van Rensburg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015550:Cell Degranulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003031:Coal; D006224:Cricetinae; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D006812:Humic Substances; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011188:Potassium / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D003031:Coal; D006812:Humic Substances; D016177:Macrophage-1 Antigen; D011188:Potassium