title: Development of an extensive set of 16S rDNA-targeted primers for quantification of pathogenic and indigenous bacteria in faecal samples by real-time PCR.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The microbiota of the human intestinal tract constitutes a complex ecosystem. We report the design and optimization of an extensive set of 16S rDNA-targeted species- and group-specific primers for more accurate quantification of bacteria from faecal samples with real-time PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A linear range of quantification between 0.1-10 pg and 10 ng of specific target genome was obtained, which corresponds to detection of ca 30-4500 to 1.9 x 10(6)-6.0 x 10(6) target bacterial genomes. Functionality of the assays was confirmed by quantification of target bacterial DNA from faecal DNA preparations of healthy volunteers and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) patients. Additionally, spiking of faecal preparations with Helicobacter pylori, Clostridium difficile or Campylobacter jejuni was used to confirm the accurate and sensitive quantification.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Real-time PCR is a very sensitive and precise technique for an extensive quantitative evaluation of gut microbiota and is feasible for detection of human pathogens from faecal samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To design and optimize an extensive set of real-time PCR assays targeting a large group of predominant and pathogenic GI microbial species for further use in updating the current knowledge of the putative role of gut microbiota in health and disease.
authors.affiliation: Section of Microbiology, Department of Basic Veterinary Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Helsinki University, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rinttilä
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kassinen
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Malinen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Krogius
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Palva
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001483:Base Sequence; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D003013:Clostridium / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017931:DNA Primers; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis*; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D003959:Diamines; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000032:analysis; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D043183:Irritable Bowel Syndrome / Q000382:microbiology; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D011804:Quinolines; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D052160:Benzothiazoles; D017931:DNA Primers; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D003959:Diamines; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D011804:Quinolines; C098022:SYBR Green I