title: Sonochemically fabricated enzyme microelectrode arrays for the environmental monitoring of pesticides.
abstract: This paper describes the development of a novel sonochemically fabricated microelectrode based acetylcholinesterase and polyaniline carbon/cobalt phthalocyanine biosensor for the ultra-sensitive determination of pesticides. Arrays of this type are fabricated using microelectrode templates with population densities of 2 x 10(5) cm(-2). The enzymatic response of the sensors is inhibited upon incubation with the pesticide and in this report it is shown that paraoxon may be determined down to concentrations of 1 x 10(-17) M. This sensitivity has thus far not been achieved and mechanisms accounting for the enhancement of the sensitivity reported here are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Gwent Electronic Materials, Monmouth House, Mamhilad Park, Pontypool NP4 OHZ, UK.
authors.forename: Jeanette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pritchard
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Law
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vakurov
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Millner
authors.forename: Séamus P J
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Higson
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000032:analysis; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000737:chemistry*; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D008839:Microelectrodes; D010261:Paraoxon / Q000032:analysis*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013010:Sonication / Q000295:instrumentation
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D010575:Pesticides; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; D000109:Acetylcholine; D010261:Paraoxon