title: A comparison of bedtime insulin glargine with bedtime neutral protamine hagedorn insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes: subgroup analysis of patients taking once-daily insulin in a multicenter, randomized, parallel group study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Basal insulin is frequently administered once daily. This subgroup analysis of a multicenter, randomized, parallel study compared insulin glargine (Lantus Aventis Pharmaceuticals, Bridgewater, NJ) with neutral protamine Hagedorn (NPH) insulin in patients with type 2 diabetes, evaluating only patients treated previously with once-daily NPH insulin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients received bedtime insulin glargine or NPH insulin, with preprandial regular insulin. One hundred patients (mean age, 57.9 years; mean glycohemoglobin, 8.4%; mean fasting blood glucose, 167 mg/dL) were treated for up to 28 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients treated with insulin glargine (n = 52) and NPH insulin (n = 48) achieved similar reductions from baseline in glycohemoglobin (-0.41% versus -0.46%) and fasting blood glucose (-22 mg/dL versus -22 mg/dL) at week 28. The proportion of patients reaching target fasting blood glucose (<120 mg/dL) at 28 weeks was 34.2% with insulin glargine and 24.4% with NPH insulin. Similar proportions of patients achieved glycohemoglobin less than 7% and less than 8% in both groups. Baseline and week-28 mean daily doses of insulin glargine (27.3 IU versus 36.4 IU) were similar to NPH insulin doses (25.5 IU versus 30.2 IU). However, significantly fewer patients reported one or more episodes of hypoglycemia with insulin glargine (46.2%) versus NPH insulin (60.4%; P < 0.05). Significantly fewer patients also reported one or more symptomatic episodes confirmed by blood glucose less than 50 mg/dL with insulin glargine (17.3%) versus NPH insulin (31.3%; P < 0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bedtime insulin glargine is as effective as bedtime NPH insulin in improving glycemic control, with significantly less hypoglycemia.
authors.affiliation: Tulane University, 430 Tulane Avenue-SL53, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. Vfonseca@tulane.edu
authors.forename: Vivian
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: Sheldon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thomson
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Mecca
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D007336:Insulin, Isophane / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007328:Insulin; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D007336:Insulin, Isophane; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting