title: Facial nerve schwannomas: a report of four cases and a review of the literature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate both the surgical approaches and results of the facial nerve schwannoma cases as diagnosed in our clinic in line with the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  The files of 4 cases diagnosed in our clinic as facial nerve schwannoma between 1996 to 2002 were reviewed retrospectively. All the cases were evaluated with detailed history; ear, nose, and throat examination; computed tomography; and/or magnetic resonance imaging. If required, electromyography and audiometric evaluations were made. Fine-needle aspiration cytology was also performed in appropriate cases. The surgical approach used was determined depending on the tumor location and its extent. Facial nerve reconstruction was accomplished if the integrity of the nerve could not be protected. Cases were followed up for facial nerve function, complications, and recurrence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tumors occurred in the vertical (n = 2), internal auditory canal (n = 1), and the peripheric segment (n = 1) of the nerve. As symptoms, facial paralysis (n = 2), hearing loss (n = 3), tinnitus (n = 1), otorrhea (n = 2), parotid mass (n = 2), and external auditory canal mass (n = 1) were observed. Radiologic investigations provided important informations. However, fine-needle aspiration cytology did not contribute to a correct preoperative diagnosis. The superficial parotidectomy approach (n = 1), retrosigmoid approach (n = 1), and transmastoid-superficial parotidectomy combined approach (n = 2) were used. The integrity of the nerve could not be protected in 3 of the cases. After the reconstruction surgery, the facial nerve function was evaluated as House-Brackmann grade 3 for all 3 cases at the mean 38.6 months follow-up time. No tumors have recurred during follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Facial nerve schwannoma is a rare tumor. Through improved surgical and reconstruction techniques, postoperative morbidity is at acceptable levels. The rate of recurrence is low. It should be kept in mind for differential diagnosis of facial nerve paralysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Selcuk University School of Medicine, 42100 Konya, Turkey. chanulku@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Cagatay Han
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Ulku
authors.forename: Yavuz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uyar
authors.forename: Osman
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Acar
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yaman
authors.forename: Mustafa Cihat
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Avunduk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003390:Cranial Nerve Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D005155:Facial Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009442:Neurilemmoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed