title: Real-time three-dimensional optical micromanipulation of multiple particles and living cells.
abstract: Counterpropagating light fields provide a stationary optical potential well for a Brownian particle. Introducing variability in the relative strengths of the counterpropagating beams allows us to create a more general configuration-the optical elevator. An optical elevator dynamically controls the axial location of the potential minimum where the particle finds a stable equilibrium position. We describe the implementation of multiple real-time reconfigurable optical elevators with the generalized phase contrast method for dynamic manipulation of polystyrene spheres and yeast cells S. cerevisiae in three dimensions.
authors.affiliation: Optics and Plasma Research Department, Risø National Laboratory, Roskilde, Denmark.
authors.forename: Peter John
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Rodrigo
authors.forename: Vincent Ricardo
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Daria
authors.forename: Jesper
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Glückstad
mesh_terms: D002465:Cell Movement / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D008027:Light; D008846:Micromanipulation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D008863:Microspheres; D009038:Motion; D009862:Online Systems / Q000295:instrumentation; D055095:Optics and Photonics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D010316:Particle Size; D010812:Physical Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000528:radiation effects; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects*
chemical_list: D011137:Polystyrenes