title: [Zinc intake from daily meals in preschool children and its influence on their physical growth].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were to investigate the influence of dietary zinc intake on physical growth and to clarify effects of dietary factors in preschool children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Food consumption of 30 children aged 5-6 years (15 boys and 15 girls) was surveyed using a weighing dietary method for three consecutive days each in spring and autumn. Daily nutrient intakes were calculated using the Standard Tables of Food Composition in Japan Fifth Revised Edition, 2000. The heights and weights were also measured in each season. They were classified into low, middle and high zinc intake groups, and their physical growth and dietary factors were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average zinc intake was 6.4 +/- 1.1 mg/day in all children, which met the demands of the Japanese RDA (6.0 mg/day). Classification was a low zinc intake group (5.4 +/- 0.5 mg/day), a middle group (6.2 +/- 0.3 mg/day), and a high group (7.7 +/- 0.6 mg/day). The lower zinc intake group showed lower heights and weights, but all children who participated demonstrated increase during the 5 months from spring to autumn. In particular, increase in height in the low zinc intake group was the highest among the three groups. Regarding each food item contribution for the zinc intake, rice (20.53%), meat (16.28%), milk (15.57%), eggs (7.45%), and soybeans (6.87%) were the highest 5 of 19 items, accounting for 66.7% of the total. Zinc intake from vegetable foods (55%) was more than that from animal foods (45%). Intake of total energy, nutrients, and some food groups positively associated with average zinc intake. However, energy intake from confectionery in the lowest zinc intake group was highest among the three groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Estimation of zinc intake of Japanese children using a weighing dietary method has suggested that even a relatively low dietary value might not significantly affect the physical growth of children. Rice is the main source and reduction of zinc intake from regular meals might be related to high consumption of confectionery.
authors.affiliation: Division of Public Health, Department of Infectious Disease Control and International Medicine, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences.
authors.forename: Reiko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Naohito
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tanabe
authors.forename: Shizuko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wakai
authors.forename: Reiko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kabasawa
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005504:Food Analysis; D006128:Growth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D012621:Seasons; D015032:Zinc / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D015032:Zinc