title: Interleukin-6, interleukin-8, and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-I in the cord blood as predictors of chronic lung disease in premature infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In order to predict the late-development of chronic lung disease of prematurity (CLD), cytokines in the cord blood were assessed in this study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen premature infants with CLD were enrolled. Cord blood plasma levels of cytokines of these infants and 12 control infants without CLD were measured including interleukin (IL)-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, interferon (IFN)-gamma, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, soluble TNF receptor-I, and soluble IL-6 receptor using a cytometric bead array and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cord blood IL-6, IL-8, and sTNFR-I levels were significantly elevated in CLD infants compared with those in control (P < .05). IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-10, and IFN-gamma were undetectable in both groups. CLD infants with maternal chorioamnionitis had higher IL-6 than those without chorioamnionitis (P < .01). In CLD infants, IL-6 was higher in the infants who required prolonged oxygen therapy (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated inflammatory cytokines in the cord blood are associated with the progression to CLD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan. hiromi.ann@nifty.com
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: An
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nishimaki
authors.forename: Makiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohyama
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haruki
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Naruto
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugai
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: Shumpei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yokota
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I / Q000097:blood; D012127:Respiratory Distress Syndrome, Newborn / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I