title: Co-risk factors for HPV infection in Northeastern Thai women with cervical carcinoma.
abstract: HPV infection is the main cause of cervical cancer; however, factors that promote and maintain HPV infection are still unclear. This study was designed to search for factors responsible for the HPV infection in Northeastern Thai women. A total of 190 volunteers with a normal histopathologic appearance of cervix as controls (n=100) and with squamous cell cervical carcinoma (SCCA) (n=90) were the subjects. Variables of risk factors including sexual behaviors, history of reproduction, history of sexually transmitted diseases and smoking were conducted with self-report and direct interview. Number of sexual partners and smoking history increased the likelihood of high-risk HPV infection. Multiple sexual partners showed significantly higher 3.94-fold risk for HPV infection (95% CI = 1.82-8.82, p-value<0.001). Smoking history of partner increased the risk for HPV infection 3.03-fold (95%CI=1.42-6.58, p-value< 0.002). After OR were adjusted, significant difference was still observed in the number of sexual partners (p-value <0.0001) and smoking history of the partner (p-value<0.005). To decrease the incidence of cervical cancer, we should prevent HPV dissemination and be on the alert for having multiple sexual partners and a partner's smoking habit, which must be included in our public health planning.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002 Thailand. wannapa@kku.ac.th
authors.forename: Wannapa Settheetham
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Yuwanee
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Singto
authors.forename: Nipa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kanjanavirojkul
authors.forename: Uraiwon
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Chatchawan
authors.forename: Pissamai
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yuenyao
authors.forename: Dariwan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Settheetham
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishida
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012747:Sexual Partners; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology*