title: Transmembrane adapters: structure, biochemistry and biology.
abstract: Transmembrane adapter proteins (TRAPs) represent a relatively new and unique group of signalling molecules in hematopoetic cells. They differ from other signalling proteins as they lack any enzymatic or transcriptional activity, instead they possesses multiple tyrosine-based signalling motifs (TBSMs). Triggering of immunoreceptors induces tyrosine phosphorylation of these motifs by members of the Src-, Syk- or Tec-family of protein tyrosine kinases thus enabling the TRAPs to recruit cytosolic adapter and/or effector molecules via their SH2-domains into close proximity to the immunoreceptors, a position from which they can coordinate and modulate signal transduction pathways important for lymphocyte function.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Immunology, Otto-von Guericke-University, Leipziger Strasse 44, 39120 Magdeburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kliche
authors.forename: Jonathan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lindquist
authors.forename: Burkhart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schraven
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D021962:Membrane Microdomains; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing