title: Complex biallelic IGH rearrangements in IgM-expressing Z-138 cell line: Involvement of downstream immunoglobulin class switch recombination.
abstract: Chromosomal translocations involving the immunoglobulin (Ig) receptor loci usually disrupt and silence these loci. On the basis of observations in follicular lymphoma (FL) with downstream Ig heavy chain (IGH) class switch recombination (CSR), we hypothesized that downstream CSR-mediated chromosomal translocations would leave the V(D)J-Cmu transcription unit intact, thereby still allowing IgM expression from the IGH allele involved in the translocation. To test this hypothesis, we analyzed biallelic IGH translocations in the IgM-expressing cell line Z-138 by interphase FISH, DNA fiber-FISH, long-distance vectorette PCR, and DNA sequencing. One IGH allele was involved in a t(11;14), showing a break in the JH region that juxtaposed the Emu enhancer and the 3' Calpha enhancers to the cyclin D1 gene. The other IGH allele contained a t(8;14) breakpoint involving the 3' end of a Sgamma region, whereas the reciprocal breakpoint at 8q24 was approximately 40 kb centromeric of MYC. Molecular analysis showed that this IGH allele harbored a normal V(D)J-Cmu complex, which is responsible for IgM expression. These data show that chromosomal breakpoints such as the t(8;14) can occur in downstream IGH constant regions and do not necessarily interfere with Ig expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Groningen University Medical Center, Groningen, The Netherlands. j.e.j.guikema@path.azg.nl
authors.forename: Jeroen E J
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Guikema
authors.forename: James A L
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Fenton
authors.forename: Conny
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de Boer
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kleiverda
authors.forename: Antoinette A T P
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Brink
authors.forename: Anton K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Raap
authors.forename: Zeev
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Estrov
authors.forename: Ed
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schuuring
authors.forename: Philip M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Kluin
mesh_terms: D024509:3' Flanking Region / Q000235:genetics*; D000483:Alleles; D001483:Base Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D002883:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14 / Q000235:genetics; D002898:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 8 / Q000235:genetics; D015321:Gene Rearrangement / Q000235:genetics*; D005803:Genes, Immunoglobulin / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D017578:Immunoglobulin Class Switching / Q000235:genetics*; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics*; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008224:Lymphoma, Follicular / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D014178:Translocation, Genetic / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D007075:Immunoglobulin M