Weight loss regulates inflammation-related genes in white adipose tissue of obese subjects.
Adipose tissue produces inflammation and immunity molecules suspected to be involved in obesity-related complications. The pattern of expression and the nutritional regulation of these molecules in humans are poorly understood. We analyzed the gene expression profiles of subcutaneous white adipose tissue from 29 obese subjects during very low calorie diet (VLCD) using cDNA microarray and reverse transcription quantitative PCR. The patterns of expression were compared with that of 17 non-obese subjects. We determined whether the regulated genes were expressed in adipocytes or stromavascular fraction cells. Gene expression profiling identified 100 inflammation-related transcripts that are regulated in obese individuals when eating a 28 day VLCD but not a 2 day VLCD. Cluster analysis showed that the pattern of gene expression in obese subjects after 28 day VLCD was closer to the profile of lean subjects than to the pattern of obese subjects before VLCD. Weight loss improves the inflammatory profile of obese subjects through a decrease of proinflammatory factors and an increase of anti-inflammatory molecules. The genes are expressed mostly in the stromavascular fraction of adipose tissue, which is shown to contain numerous macrophages. The beneficial effect of weight loss on obesity-related complications may be associated with the modification of the inflammatory profile in adipose tissue.
Clément
Karine
K
INSERM Avenir Paris 6 University, EA 3502, Nutrition Department, AP/HP, Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, France. karine.clement@htd.ap-hop-paris.fr.
Viguerie
Nathalie
N
Poitou
Christine
C
Carette
Claire
C
Pelloux
Véronique
V
Curat
Cyrile A
CA
Sicard
Audrey
A
Rome
Sophie
S
Benis
Arriel
A
Zucker
Jean-Daniel
JD
Vidal
Hubert
H
Laville
Martine
M
Barsh
Gregory S
GS
Basdevant
Arnaud
A
Stich
Vladimir
V
Cancello
Raffaella
R
Langin
Dominique
D
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism*; D000328:Adult; D031204:Caloric Restriction; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism*; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology
C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D016753:Interleukin-10