title: Regio- and diastereoselective insertion of allenes into stable oxapalladacycles with a metal-bonded stereogenic carbon. preparation of contiguously substituted 3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyrans.
abstract: Insertion of monosubstituted allenes into stable oxapalladacycle I was studied. The aim of this work was to define steric and electronic parameters of allenes that would allow for a regio- and diastereoselective synthesis of 2,3-disubstituted 3,4-dihydro-2H-1-benzopyrans, which could not be prepared via related catalytic protocols. Allenes with electron-donating alkyl substituents R sterically unencumbered at the C-3 and C-4 carbons reacted with palladacycles I to afford benzopyrans IV in good yields (45-81%), exclusively as cis diastereomers. Less than 10% of the regioisomeric benzopyrans V was detected in the crude reaction mixtures. Methoxy 1,2-propadiene afforded benzopyran IV in 98% yield as the trans diastereomer in 92% de. In contrast, allenes with electron-withdrawing substituents yielded benzopyrans V with an E double bond exclusively. Nonracemic palladacycles featuring a palladium-bonded stereogenic carbon as the only element of asymmetry underwent the allene insertion with 63-93% retention of the stereochemical information, providing benzopyrans IV or V in 40-47% ee. These results demonstrated that O-bonded palladium enolates did not operate as predominant intermediates in the insertion process. The study highlights the configurational stability of carbon-bonded palladium ester enolates, especially notable in systems lacking chiral nonracemic auxiliary ligands.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Kansas, 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, Lawrence, Kansas 66045-7582, USA.
authors.forename: Genliang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Helena C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Malinakova
mesh_terms: D000466:Alkadienes / Q000737:chemistry*; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D002384:Catalysis; D003500:Cyclization; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D010165:Palladium / Q000737:chemistry*; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D000466:Alkadienes; D001578:Benzopyrans; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D010165:Palladium; D002244:Carbon