Efficacy of the novel camptothecin gimatecan against orthotopic and metastatic human tumor xenograft models.
OBJECTIVE
Gimatecan, a novel oral lipophilic camptothecin characterized by favorable features at molecular/cellular level and by a promising profile of preclinical activity, is currently in clinical phase I/II. The aim of the study was to additionally investigate the therapeutic potential of the drug in human tumor xenografts growing in different organs as models representative of tumor growth in the clinical setting.


METHODS
The models include two orthotopic central nervous system tumors, two melanomas growing intracranially, and an ovarian carcinoma growing i.p. In addition, gimatecan was tested against experimental lung metastases of two tumor types (lung and ovarian carcinomas). Gimatecan was delivered by oral gavage according to various schedules (daily or intermittent). The time (in days) mice required to show evident signs of disease was used as end point for drug efficacy.


RESULTS
Gimatecan was highly effective in delaying disease manifestations in all tumor systems investigated. In the intracranially growing tumors, a significant time increase (versus control mice) was achieved by the drug administered according to all of the schedules. In addition, almost all treated mice were alive and tumor-free at the end of the experiment in the metastatic models and in the ascitic ovarian tumor. The daily prolonged treatment schedule was the best one.


CONCLUSIONS
In all tumor systems investigated, including orthotopic tumor growth models and lung metastases, the oral administration of gimatecan showed a therapeutic benefit in terms of survival increase. The good oral availability allowed a prolonged daily treatment regimen, which seems the most promising to exploit the therapeutic potential of the drug.
De Cesare
Michelandrea
M
Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Milan, Italy.
Pratesi
Graziella
G
Veneroni
Silvia
S
Bergottini
Raffaella
R
Zunino
Franco
F
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy; D009423:Nervous System Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D013997:Time Factors; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
C433984:ST 1481; D002166:Camptothecin