title: Tacrolimus ointment promotes repigmentation of vitiligo in children: a review of 57 cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Vitiligo is an autoimmune disorder characterized by loss of pigmentation. Phototherapy and application of topical corticosteroids are most commonly prescribed. However, these therapies are often not effective and use of corticosteroids on the face may lead to cutaneous atrophy, telangiectasia, and ocular complications.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to assess the efficacy of topical tacrolimus ointment in the treatment of pediatric vitiligo.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review was performed of 57 pediatric patients with vitiligo at two clinical sites. Patients were treated with tacrolimus ointment for at least 3 months. Clinical responses were documented during clinic visits, and by pretacrolimus and posttacrolimus photography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At least partial response was noted to tacrolimus ointment on the head and neck in 89%, and on the trunk and extremities in 63% of patients. Facial vitiligo of the segmental type showed the best response rate. Two patients initially experienced burning on application.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Topical tacrolimus ointment is an effective alternative therapy for childhood vitiligo, particularly involving the head and neck.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Division of Pediatric Dermatology, St Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Nanette B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Silverberg
authors.forename: Peggy
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Travis
authors.forename: Jeanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Farley-Li
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Mancini
authors.forename: Annette M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Sarah L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Chamlin
authors.forename: Amy S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Paller
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D009824:Ointments; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012880:Skin Pigmentation / Q000187:drug effects*; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D014820:Vitiligo / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D009824:Ointments; D016559:Tacrolimus