title: Nosocomial diarrhea.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the occurrence of nosocomial diarrhea in pediatric wards and the role of infections in its causation.
  
  
  METHODS
  75 cases conforming to the CDC definition of nosocomial diarrhea were selected for the study. Stool samples were subjected to direct microscopic examination, bacteriological culture and direct antigen detection for Clostridium difficile (C. difficile) and Rota virus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the cases were sporadic in origin. Rota virus was detected in 16.67% cases and Enteropathogenic Escherichia coli (E.P.E.C.) was detected in 12% cases. Cases in which no pathogen was detected (82.7%) outnumbered those in which a pathogen was identified (17.3%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rota virus and E.P.E.C were the most common etiological agents. C. difficile was detected in one case only. Most of the sporadic cases of nosocomial diarrhea in pediatric patients can be managed on fluids and electrolytes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad Medical College, LN Hospital, New Delhi, India. beenauppal@rediffmail.com
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Uppal
authors.forename: Vishal
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Wadhwa
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Mittal
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000821:virology*; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology