title: Adolescents' responses to the gender valence of cigarette advertising imagery: the role of affect and the self-concept.
abstract: The studies presented in this manuscript evaluated the role that affect and the self-concept play in adolescent never smokers' reactions to the gender valence of cigarette advertising imagery. Study 1 (n=29; 59% female) revealed that adolescent females have more positive affective reactions to female-valenced cigarette advertising imagery compared to male-valenced cigarette advertising imagery. Study 2 (n=101; 56% female) revealed that adolescent females viewed female-valenced cigarette advertising imagery as more relevant to their self-concepts compared to male-valenced cigarette advertising imagery. Across both studies, male adolescents did not respond differently as a function of the gender valence of cigarette advertising imagery. Thus, female-valenced cigarette advertising imagery may have specific effects on never smoking female adolescents by enhancing positive affect and suggesting that women who smoke hold the same characteristics as do the young women themselves.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, 130 North Bellefield Avenue, 5th floor, Pittsburgh, PA 15260, USA. wgs1@pitt.edu
authors.forename: William G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Shadel
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Niaura
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Abrams
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000208:ethnology / Q000523:psychology*; D000329:Advertising; D000339:Affect; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012649:Self Concept; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*