title: [Medicolegal aspects of witnessed suicide due to gunshot to the head. Part 1: Circumstances and psychopathology].
abstract: In the USA the frequency of witnessed suicide, i.e. suicide committed in the presence of at least one further individual, is reported to range between 5 and 15%. As up to now no detailed analysis of this special issue has been given in the medicolegal literature, this article presents and discusses a number of cases including 8 males and 1 female (age 19-58 years, mean 41.2 years) who had all committed suicide by inflicting a gunshot to the head. In 3 cases post-mortem blood alcohol concentrations of 1.73, 1.88 and 2.23 g/kg respectively were observed. Toxicological tests produced negative results. 5 cases had a medical history of psychiatric disorder with endogenous depression in 3, chronic alcohol abuse and drug abuse with concomitant psychosis in one case each. As far as the motives were known, domestic arguments were of prevailing importance. With one exception the suicides were committed at home. In 6 cases one witness was present, in 2 cases 2 individuals and in one case 22 persons witnessed the suicide. The reported cases are discussed in comparison with the psychiatric-psychological classification according to McDowell et al. with the aim to provide a solid and comprehensive medicolegal method to distinguish between homicide and suicide. Furthermore aspects of psychiatric sequelae and psychological support of the witnesses, which are also of importance for the forensic pathologist called to the scene, are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Rechtsmedizin der Universität Bonn.
authors.forename: Stephan A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Padosch
authors.forename: Peter H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Rolf D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Hirsch
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schyma
authors.forename: Lars U
authors.initials: LU
authors.lastname: Kröner
authors.forename: Reinhard B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Dettmeyer
authors.forename: Burkhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Madea
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D005104:Expert Testimony / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D020197:Head Injuries, Penetrating / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D012307:Risk Factors; D012931:Social Environment; D013405:Suicide / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000523:psychology; D014948:Wounds, Gunshot / Q000523:psychology*