title: Sequences downstream of the bHLH domain of the Xenopus hairy-related transcription factor-1 act as an extended dimerization domain that contributes to the selection of the partners.
abstract: XHRT1 is a member of the HRT/Hey protein subfamily that are known as Notch effectors. XHRT1 is expressed in the developing floor plate and encodes a basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) transcription repressor. Here, we show that XHRT1 misexpression in the neural plate inhibits differentiation of neural precursor cells and thus may be important for floor plate cells to prevent them from adopting a neuronal fate. Deletion analysis indicated that inhibition of differentiation by XHRT1 requires the DNA-binding bHLH motif and either the Orange domain or the C-terminal region. XHRT1 could efficiently homodimerize and heterodimerize with hairy proteins. Among those hairy genes, Xhairy2b shows extensive overlap of expression with XHRT1 in floor plate precursors and may be a biologically relevant XHRT1 partner. Dimerization is mediated through both the bHLH and downstream sequences, the Orange domain being particularly important for the efficiency of the interaction. Using chimeric constructs between XHRT1 and the ESR9 bHLH-O protein that does not interact with Xhairy1 and Xhairy2b, we found that both the bHLH domain and downstream sequences of XHRT1 were required for heterodimerization with Xhairy2b, while only the XHRT1 sequences downstream of the Orange domain are required for the interaction with Xhairy1. Together, these results suggest that XHRT1 plays a role in floor plate cell development and highlight the importance of the Orange and downstream sequences in dimerization and in the selection of the bHLH partners.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire d'Embryologie Moléculaire, Université Libre de Bruxelles, Institut de Biologie et de Médecine Moléculaires (IBMM), rue des Profs. Jeener et Brachet 12, B-6041 Gosselies, Belgium.
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Taelman
authors.forename: Réginald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Van Wayenbergh
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sölter
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pichon
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pieler
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Christophe
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Bellefroid
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019281:Dimerization; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008156:Luciferases / Q000378:metabolism; D008845:Microinjections; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology; D011233:Precipitin Tests; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014404:Tubulin / Q000378:metabolism; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques; D014981:Xenopus; D029867:Xenopus Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D008156:Luciferases; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014404:Tubulin; D029867:Xenopus Proteins; C439928:HES4 protein, Xenopus; C475489:HEY1 protein, Xenopus