title: Cartilage-derived morphogenetic protein-1 promotes the differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells into chondrocytes.
abstract: Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are able to differentiate into many types of cells including chondrocytes. Transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF-beta1) is very important in the regulation of chondrogenesis. Since cartilage-derived morphogenetic protein-1 (CDMP-1) belongs to the TGF-beta superfamily, we tested whether CDMP-1 plays any role in the regulation of the differentiation of MSCs into chondrocytes using a high density pellet culture system. Based on the histological staining of glycosaminoglycan using toluidine blue dye-binding method we found that CDMP-1 could initiate chondrogenic differentiation of MSCs as did TGF-beta1. However, CDMP-1 was less stimulatory than TGF-beta1. The combination of CDMP-1 and TGF-beta1 synergically induced chondrogenesis of MSCs. This synergic chondrogenic effect of CDMP-1 together with TGF-beta1 was further confirmed by quantification of GAG using dimethylmethylene blue dye-binding assay and immunohistochemical analysis of the expression of cartilage-specific protein collagen II. This study may provide an improved induction approach using MSCs for repairing damaged cartilage.
authors.affiliation: Peking University Stem Cell Research Center, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xue Yuan Road, Beijing 100083, China.
authors.forename: Xiaowen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bai
authors.forename: Zhifeng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Yuqiong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pohl
authors.forename: Jinhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Lingsong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D037881:Aborted Fetus / Q000166:cytology; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D020219:Chondrogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000096:biosynthesis; D055428:Growth Differentiation Factor 5; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
chemical_list: D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D055428:Growth Differentiation Factor 5; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D003094:Collagen