title: Adverse pregnancy outcomes are associated with multiple maternal thrombophilic factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine to what extent adverse pregnancy outcomes are associated with thrombophilia.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 31 women who had HELLP syndrome, placental abruption, fetal growth restriction or unexplained stillbirth (study group), matched with 12 controls. All women were tested for: Factor V, Prothrombin, methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase gene (MTHFR) mutations; for Protein C, S and Antithrombin III deficiency; for lupus anticoagulant. Correlation with 24h BP monitoring and uterine Doppler velocimetry indexes at 22-24 weeks' gestation was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women with multiple thrombophilic factors had a significant lower birth weight (1568.33+/-146.8 g versus 2546.45+/-438 g), higher 24 h mean diastolic blood pressure at second trimester (76.3+/-12.5 mmHg versus 65.2+/-7.8 mmHg) and higher RI of uterine arteries (0.69+/-0.05 versus 0.50+/-0.15) than women with single thrombophilic factor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multiple thrombophilic factors carry a major additional risk for adverse maternal and fetal outcomes and correlate well with placental maladaptation as indicated by uterine Doppler velocimetry and 24h BP monitoring.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Polytechnic University of Marche, Salesi Hospital via Corridoni 11, 60123 Ancona, Italy. tranquilli@univpm.it
authors.forename: Andrea L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Tranquilli
authors.forename: Stefano R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Giannubilo
authors.forename: Bernardo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dell'Uomo
authors.forename: Elvira
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Grandone
mesh_terms: D000037:Abruptio Placentae / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D000328:Adult; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D017359:HELLP Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D017078:Laser-Doppler Flowmetry; D010922:Placenta Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011250:Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012307:Risk Factors; D019851:Thrombophilia / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis