title: Functional compensation of P/Q by N-type channels blocks short-term plasticity at the calyx of Held presynaptic terminal.
abstract: Calcium channels of the P/Q subtype mediate transmitter release at the neuromuscular junction and at many central synapses, such as the calyx of Held. Transgenic mice in which alpha1A channels are ablated provide a powerful tool with which to test compensatory mechanisms at the synapse and to explore mechanisms of presynaptic regulation associated with expression of P/Q channels. Using the calyx of Held preparation from the knock-out (KO) mice, we show here that N-type channels functionally compensate for the absence of P/Q subunits at the calyx and evoke giant synaptic currents [approximately two-thirds of the magnitude of wild-type (WT) responses]. However, although evoked paired-pulse facilitation is prominent in WT, this facilitation is greatly diminished in the KO. In addition, direct recording of presynaptic calcium currents revealed that the major functional difference was the absence of calcium-dependent facilitation at the calyx in the P/Q KO animals. We conclude that one physiological function of P/Q channels is to provide additional facilitatory drive, so contributing to maintenance of transmission as vesicles are depleted during high throughput synaptic transmission.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Neurociencias, Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Carlota González
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Inchauspe
authors.forename: Francisco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Martini
authors.forename: Ian D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Forsythe
authors.forename: Osvaldo D
authors.initials: OD
authors.lastname: Uchitel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001933:Brain Stem / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D020864:Calcium Channels, N-Type / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D020865:Calcium Channels, P-Type / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D020907:Calcium Channels, Q-Type / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D005071:Evoked Potentials; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000502:physiology; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D013569:Synapses / Q000502:physiology*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium; D020864:Calcium Channels, N-Type; D020865:Calcium Channels, P-Type; D020907:Calcium Channels, Q-Type; D021122:Protein Subunits