title: Preschool child care and risk of overweight in 6- to 12-year-old children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if there is a relationship between center-based child care attendance from ages 3 to 5 y and future overweight at ages 6-12 y.
  
  
  METHODS
  Longitudinal, observational study of child experience and future body mass index.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1244 US children aged 6-12 y included in the 1997 Panel Study of Income Dynamics Child Development Supplement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Parent-reported child care attendance from ages 3 to 5 y, trichotomized as 'none', 'limited' (>0 but <15 h/week), and 'extensive' (> or =15 h/week). Overweight defined as a body mass index > or =95th percentile for age and gender. Candidate covariates (selected a priori): gender, race, age, poverty status, birth weight, hours of television per day, Behavior Problems Index score >90th percentile, and Home Observation for Measurement of the Environment-Short Form (HOME-SF) cognitive stimulation score.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the potential confounding variables, race, HOME-SF cognitive stimulation score, and age significantly altered the relationship between child care attendance and overweight in the multiple logistic regression model. With these covariates in the final model, limited center-based child care attendance from ages 3 to 5 y was independently associated with a decreased risk of overweight at ages 6-12 y (adjusted odds ratio=0.56, 95% confidence interval 0.34, 0.93) relative to no child care attendance. Extensive center-based child care attendance was not associated with future overweight.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Limited center-based child care attendance during the preschool years was independently associated with a decreased risk of future overweight relative to no child care attendance. Additional studies are needed to clarify these findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Communicable Diseases, Center for Human Growth and Development, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0406, USA. jlumeng@umich.edu
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lumeng
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gannon
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Appugliese
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Cabral
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zuckerman
mesh_terms: D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002654:Child Care; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009765:Obesity / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States