title: Kinetic mechanism of blebbistatin inhibition of nonmuscle myosin IIb.
abstract: We examined the effect of blebbistatin on the kinetic properties of nonmuscle myosin IIB subfragment 1 (NMIIB S1). Blebbistatin is a small molecule that affects cell blebbing during the process of cell division, which has been shown to decrease the myosin ATPase activity of a number of myosins [Straight et al. (2003) Science 299, 1743-1747]. The steady-state actin-activated ATPase activity of NMIIB S1 was decreased approximately 90% at 40 microM actin in the presence of blebbistatin. Stopped-flow techniques were employed to elucidate the effect of blebbistatin on the various steps of the NMIIB S1 cross-bridge cycle. Blebbistatin did not affect ATP binding and hydrolysis. Binding to actin in the presence of ADP (0.57 +/-0.08 microM(-1) s(-1)) was reduced slightly in the presence of blebbistatin (0.38 +/- 0.03 microM(-1) s(-1)), while mantADP dissociation from acto-NMIIB S1 was reduced (approximately 30%). P(i) release was blocked in the presence of blebbistatin. Accordingly, the apparent affinity of NMIIB S1 for actin in the presence of ATP was greatly reduced. Based on the above data, we surmise that blebbistatin inhibits the ATPase activity of NMIIB S1 primarily by blocking entry into the strong binding state; secondarily, it reduces the rate of ADP release. These effects are likely mediated by binding of blebbistatin within the myosin cleft that progressively closes in forming the acto-myosin rigor state.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3700 Hamilton Walk, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104-6085, USA.
authors.forename: Bhagavathi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ramamurthy
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Yengo
authors.forename: Aaron F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Straight
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Mitchison
authors.forename: H Lee
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Sweeney
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens; D006576:Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007700:Kinetics; D015879:Myosin Subfragments / Q000378:metabolism; D024501:Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D010777:Photochemistry; D011485:Protein Binding; D011721:Pyrenes / Q000378:metabolism; D062367:ortho-Aminobenzoates / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D006576:Heterocyclic Compounds, 4 or More Rings; D015879:Myosin Subfragments; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010710:Phosphates; D011721:Pyrenes; D062367:ortho-Aminobenzoates; C472645:blebbistatin; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; C045473:3'-O-(N-methylanthraniloyl) ATP; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; C030984:pyrene; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D024501:Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB