title: DNA microarrays reveal relationship of Ewing family tumors to both endothelial and fetal neural crest-derived cells and define novel targets.
abstract: Ewing family tumors (EFTs) are small round blue cell tumors that show features of neuroectodermal differentiation. However, the histogenetic origin of EFTs is still a matter of debate. We used high-density DNA microarrays for the identification of EFT-specific gene expression profiles in comparison with normal tissues of diverse origin. We identified 37 genes that are up-regulated in EFTs compared with normal tissues and validated expression of these genes in EFTs by both conventional and quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. The expression pattern of EFT-associated genes in normal tissues indicated a high similarity between EFTs and fetal and neuronal as well as endothelial tissues and supports the concept that a primitive neural crest-derived progenitor at the transition to mesenchymal and endothelial differentiation is transformed in EFTs. EFT-associated genes could be used for molecular discrimination between EFTs and other small round blue cell tumors and clearly identified a cell line (SK-N-MC) that was initially established as neuroblastoma as being an EFT. Ectopic expression of the EFT-specific EWS-FLI1 fusion protein in human embryonic kidney (HEK293) cells was not sufficient to induce the complete EFT-specific gene expression signature, suggesting that the EFT-specific gene expression profile is not just a consequence of EWS-FLI1 expression but depends on the histogenetic background of the EFT stem cell.
authors.affiliation: Children's Cancer Research Center, Division of Pediatric Hematology and Oncology and BioCenter, Martin-Luther University Halle-Wittenberg, Halle, Germany.
authors.forename: Martin S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Staege
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hutter
authors.forename: Ingo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Foja
authors.forename: Uwe E
authors.initials: UE
authors.lastname: Hattenhorst
authors.forename: Gesine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Danny
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Afar
authors.forename: Stefan E G
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Burdach
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D004727:Endothelium / Q000473:pathology*; D005333:Fetus / Q000473:pathology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D009432:Neural Crest / Q000196:embryology / Q000473:pathology*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012512:Sarcoma, Ewing / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology