title: Aortic stiffness in systemic sclerosis is increased independently of the extent of skin involvement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the stiffness of large arteries in relation to the extent of skin and lung fibrosis, aortic distensibility was examined in patients with diffuse and limited systemic sclerosis (SSc).
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive patients (55 with diffuse and 51 with limited SSc) without signs and symptoms of heart failure or a previous history of arterial hypertension underwent echocardiography and lung function tests. Aortic stiffness was determined non-invasively by aortic distensibility and aortic strain measurements in all patients and in 50 healthy subjects, matched for age and gender.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Aortic distensibility in patients with either diffuse (2.03 +/- 0.26 x 10(-6) cm(2) dyn(-1)) or limited SSc (2.12 +/- 0.33) was similarly decreased compared with controls (2.49 +/- 0.36, P<0.001). Moreover, aortic strain was significantly reduced in both patient groups compared with controls, confirming that aortic stiffness is increased in SSc independently of the extent of skin involvement. Left ventricular performance was similar between patients and controls, while left ventricular mass and tricuspid systolic gradient were significantly increased in both SSc groups, the latter being associated with aortic stiffness in multivariate analysis. No association with serum levels of C-reactive protein or lung function abnormalities indicative of pulmonary fibrosis were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stiffness of the aorta is increased in patients with established SSc regardless of the extent of the inflammatory fibrotic process in the skin and lungs, suggesting that additional pathogenetic mechanisms contribute to the compromise of large arteries.
authors.affiliation: Laikon Hospital, Department of Cardiology, 17 Agiou Thomas Street, GR-15727 Goudi, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Moyssakis
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gialafos
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vassiliou
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Taktikou
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Katsiari
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Papadopoulos
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Sfikakis
mesh_terms: D001011:Aorta / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis; D006352:Heart Ventricles; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009929:Organ Size; D011658:Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D045743:Scleroderma, Diffuse / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D045745:Scleroderma, Limited / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein