title: Independent ATPase activity of Hsp90 subunits creates a flexible assembly platform.
abstract: The ATPase activity of the molecular chaperone Hsp90 is essential for its function in the assembly of client proteins. To understand the mechanism of human Hsp90, we have carried out a detailed kinetic analysis of ATP binding, hydrolysis and product release. ATP binds rapidly in a two-step process involving the formation of a diffusion-collision complex followed by a conformational change. The rate-determining step was shown to be ATP hydrolysis and not subsequent ADP dissociation. There was no evidence from any of the biophysical measurements for cooperativity in either nucleotide binding or hydrolysis for the dimeric protein. A monomeric fragment, lacking the C-terminal dimerisation domain, showed no dependence on protein concentration and, therefore, subunit association for activity. The thermodynamic linkage between client protein binding and nucleotide affinity revealed ATP bound Hsp90 has a higher affinity for client proteins than the ADP bound form. The kinetics are consistent with independent Michaelis-Menten catalysis in each subunit of the Hsp90 dimer. We propose that Hsp90 functions in an open-ring configuration for client protein activation.
authors.affiliation: Cambridge University Chemical Laboratory, Lensfield Road, Cambridge CB2 1EW, UK. shm25@cam.ac.uk
authors.forename: Stephen H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: McLaughlin
authors.forename: Laure-Anne
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Ventouras
authors.forename: Bastiaan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lobbezoo
authors.forename: Sophie E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Jackson
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D002151:Calorimetry; D019281:Dimerization; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007700:Kinetics; D011485:Protein Binding; D011487:Protein Conformation
chemical_list: D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases