title: Xylazine-midazolam-ketamine versus medetomidine-midazolam-ketamine anesthesia in captive Siberian tigers (Panthera tigris altaica).
abstract: Two alpha2-adrenoceptor agents, xylazine and medetomidine, in combination with midazolam and ketamine safely and effectively immobilized Siberian tigers (Panthera tigris altaica). The medetomidine protocol used smaller drug volumes, and induction and recovery times were shorter. Although cardiopulmonary abnormalities were noted, none were likely to be life threatening.
authors.affiliation: Henry Doorly Zoo, 3701 S 10th Street, Omaha, Nebraska 68107, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Curro
authors.forename: Danelle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Okeson
authors.forename: Dawn
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
authors.forename: Douglas L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.forename: Lee G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Simmons
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D000836:Animals, Zoo / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007103:Immobilization / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D007649:Ketamine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D020926:Medetomidine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008874:Midazolam / Q000008:administration & dosage; D046010:Tigers / Q000502:physiology*; D014991:Xylazine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D000778:Anesthetics, Dissociative; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D014991:Xylazine; D007649:Ketamine; D020926:Medetomidine; D008874:Midazolam