title: Diurnal changes in FSH-regulatory peptides and their relationship to gonadotrophins in pubertal girls.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  FSH-regulatory peptides participate with GnRH and sex steroids to regulate serum FSH concentrations. We hypothesized that day/night variations in FSH serum concentrations would be associated with diurnal variation in FSH-regulatory peptides.
  
  
  METHODS
  Blood was obtained every 15 min for 24 h beginning at 08:00 h in eight girls [seven with variations in growth or puberty and one with idiopathic hypogonadotrophic hypogonadism (IHH)] and for 12 h beginning at 20:00 h in 12 additional girls with variant puberty, eight with gonadal dysgenesis or ovarian failure (GD/OF) and one with IHH. Samples across 3 h blocks were pooled for determination of LH, FSH, activin-A, inhibin-B and follistatin 288.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LH and FSH concentrations increased from 23:00 to 08:00 h with respect to daytime concentrations in pubertal girls (P<0.005) but only LH increased (P=0.002) in girls with GD/OF. In pubertal girls, inhibin-B declined during the day (P=0.019), reaching a nadir between 17:00 and 22:45 h just prior to the night-time increase in FSH. Follistatin concentrations exhibited diurnal variation (P=0.028), with the greatest concentrations occurring between 05:00 and 11:00 h. Activin-A concentrations declined coincident with the night-time increase in FSH in pubertal girls (P<0.0001) but not in girls with GD/OF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The directionality of changes in FSH-regulatory proteins supports the notion that FSH-regulatory peptides may contribute to the night-time augmentation of circulating FSH during puberty in girls.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics/Endocrinology and Reproductive Sciences Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0718, USA. Cmfoster@umich.edu
authors.forename: Carol M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: Pamela R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Olton
authors.forename: Vasantha
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Padmanabhan
mesh_terms: D028341:Activins / Q000097:blood; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D038681:Follistatin / Q000097:blood; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007006:Hypogonadism / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D028322:Inhibin-beta Subunits / Q000097:blood; D007265:Inhibins / Q000097:blood; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D016649:Primary Ovarian Insufficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D011627:Puberty
chemical_list: D038681:Follistatin; C422405:activin A; C422364:inhibin B; D028341:Activins; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D004958:Estradiol; D007265:Inhibins; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D028322:Inhibin-beta Subunits