title: A community study using specified and unspecified scenarios to investigate men's views about PSA screening.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We explored the influence of different but factual scenarios about prostate-specific antigen (PSA) screening on men's interest in having PSA screening to detect early prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional, representative community survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 514 men (89% response fraction) aged 50-70 years randomly selected from a telephone directory database in Sydney, Australia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Demographic, health and psychological variables.
  
  
  METHODS
  Interest in undergoing screening in response to five unspecified scenarios and, elsewhere in our interview, a specified scenario in which PSA screening was mentioned explicitly.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When presented with a scenario describing a lack of evidence underpinning the efficacy of screening for an unspecified cancer, 61.2% of men reported that they 'probably' or 'definitely' wanted to undergo screening for an unspecified cancer. Similar proportions reported that they 'probably' or 'definitely' wanted to undergo screening even at the risk of unmasking indolent cancer (60.9%) or without expert consensus about the value of screening (62.8%). Greatest interest in screening was elicited in that scenario describing life-time risk of dying from prostate cancer (72.6%) (P < 0.001). Significantly fewer indicated they would 'probably' or 'definitely' want to undergo screening for a cancer for which there was uncertainty about treatment efficacy and known side-effects (46.1%) (P < 0.001). Increasing age was a consistent predictor of positive interest in screening. When asked later in our survey specifically about PSA screening, 68.1%'probably' or definitely' wanted PSA screening.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Public health policy makers need to ensure that men are provided with the scope of medical evidence germane to prostate cancer screening and treatment, thereby potentially improving prostate cancer screening decisions.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Practice, School of Public Health and Community Medicine, University of New South Wales, Liverpool, Australia. Melina.Gattellari@swsahs.nsw.gov.au
authors.forename: Melina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gattellari
authors.forename: Jeanette E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Ward
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009517:New South Wales; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen