title: Effect of a commercial anion dietary supplement on acid-base balance, urine volume, and urinary ion excretion in male goats fed oat or grass hay diets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether feeding a commercial anionic dietary supplement as a urinary acidifier to male goats may be useful for management of urolithiasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  8 adult sexually intact male Toggenburg, Saanen, and Nubian goats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Goats were randomly assigned by age-, breed-, and weight-matched pairs to an oat or grass hay diet that was fed for 12 days. On days 13 to 14 (early sample collection time before supplementation), measurements were made of blood and urine sodium, potassium, calcium, magnesium, chloride, phosphorus, and sulfur concentrations; blood and urine pH; urine production; and water consumption. During the next 28 days, the anionic dietary supplement was added to the oat and grass hay diets to achieve a dietary cation-anion difference of 0 mEq/100g of dry matter. Blood and urine samples were analyzed during dietary supplementation on days 12 to 13 (middle sample collection time) and 27 to 28 (late sample collection time).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Blood bicarbonate, pH, and urine pH of goats fed grass hay and goats fed oat hay were significantly decreased during the middle and late sample collection times, compared with the early sample collection time. Water consumption and urine production in all goats increased significantly during the late sample collection time, compared with the early sample collection time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The anionic dietary supplement used in our study increases urine volume, alters urine ion concentrations, and is an efficacious urinary acidifier in goats. Goats treated with prolonged anionic dietary supplementation should be monitored for secondary osteoporosis from chronic urinary calcium loss.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Meri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stratton-Phelps
authors.forename: John K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: House
mesh_terms: D000136:Acid-Base Equilibrium / Q000187:drug effects*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000838:Anions / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018554:Avena; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004326:Drinking / Q000187:drug effects; D015511:Goat Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006041:Goats; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration / Q000187:drug effects; D007477:Ions / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D006109:Poaceae; D014545:Urinary Calculi / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D007477:Ions