title: Contribution of microscopy to a better knowledge of the biology of Giardia lamblia.
abstract: Giardia lamblia is a flagellated protozoan of great medical and biological importance. It is the causative agent of giardiasis, one of the most prevalent diarrheal disease both in developed and third-world countries. Morphological studies have shown that G. lamblia does not present structures such as peroxisomes, mitochondria, and a well-elaborated Golgi complex. In this review, special emphasis is given to the contribution made by various microscopic techniques to a better knowledge of the biology of the protozoan. The application of video microscopy, immunofluorescence confocal laser scanning microscopy, and several techniques associated with transmission electron microscopy (thin section, enzyme cytochemistry, freeze-fracture, deep-etching, fracture-flip) to the study of the cell surface, peripheral vesicles, endoplasmic reticulum-Golgi complex system, and of the encystation vesicles found in trophozoites and during the process of trophozoite-cyst transformation are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS-Bloco G, 21949-900, Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil. wsouza@biof.ufrj.br
authors.forename: Wanderley
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lanfredi-Rangel
authors.forename: Loraine
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Campanati
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016829:Giardia lamblia / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000379:methods; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission / Q000379:methods; D018715:Microscopy, Video / Q000379:methods