title: Continuous spinal anesthesia and postoperative analgesia for elective cesarean section in a parturient with Eisenmenger's syndrome.
abstract: We describe the use of continuous spinal anesthesia (CSA) for an elective cesarean section in a 29-year-old parturient with Eisenmenger's syndrome at 30 weeks of gestation. It is essential in patients with Eisenmenger's syndrome to prevent significant increases in right-to-left shunt following the reduction in systemic vascular resistance. In this case, the patient hoped to be awake during the operation because of her fear of death. We therefore applied CSA to this patient because single-shot spinal anesthesia and epidural anesthesia might cause sudden cardiovascular depression. In fact, sudden cardiovascular changes were avoided by the titration of local anesthetics and the operation was uneventful, although prompt treatment of hypotension was essential and adjustment of the anesthetic levels was difficult. Postoperative patient-controlled spinal analgesia provided satisfactory pain relief with hemodynamic stability and no significant side effects. However, thorough experience with the requisite techniques is critical in CSA because of the technical difficulty of the procedure, and anesthesiologists must gain such experience in less-demanding cases before attempting to administer it in patients presenting extreme challenges as described in this case report.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, School of Medicine, Keio University, 35 Shinanomachi, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakuraba
authors.forename: Shuya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kiyama
authors.forename: Ryoichi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ochiai
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Saori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hashiguchi
authors.forename: Junzo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Takeda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016362:Analgesia, Obstetrical; D000773:Anesthesia, Obstetrical; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal; D002585:Cesarean Section; D004541:Eisenmenger Complex; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012307:Risk Factors