title: Endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene polymorphism and ischemic heart disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ischemic heart disease (IHD), the leading cause of death worldwide, is a multifactorial disease arising from the complex interplay of genetic and environmental factors. There is considerable evidence that nitric oxide (NO) plays an important role in protecting against atherosclerosis, the process underlying IHD. Endothelial NO is synthesized from the amino acid l-arginine by the endothelial isoform of NO synthase (eNOS). Thus, polymorphisms of the eNOS gene, by altering production of NO within the vascular endothelium, are potential risk factors for IHD. Several groups have investigated the role of the G894T polymorphism of the eNOS gene in IHD by using case-control association studies; however, its role is unclear because of contradictory results from these studies. We applied family-based association tests to investigate the role of this polymorphism in IHD in a well-defined Irish population.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1023 individuals from 388 families (discordant sibships and parent-offspring trios) were recruited. Linkage disequilibrium between the polymorphism and IHD was tested for by using the combined transmission disequilibrium test/sib-transmission disequilibrium test and pedigree disequilibrium test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both the combined transmission disequilibrium test/sib-transmission disequilibrium test and pedigree disequilibrium test analyses found no statistically significant excess transmission of either allele to affected individuals (P = .57 and P = .38, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using robust family-based association tests specifically designed for the study of complex diseases, we found no evidence that the G894T polymorphism of the eNOS gene has a significant role in the development of IHD in our population.
authors.affiliation: Regional Medical Cardiology Centre, Royal Victoria Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Spence
authors.forename: Paul G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: McGlinchey
authors.forename: Chris C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Patterson
authors.forename: Adrian R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Gillian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Ulvi
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bayraktutan
authors.forename: Damian G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Fogarty
authors.forename: Alun E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Pascal P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: McKeown
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D010375:Pedigree; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III