title: Surgical training using haptics over long internet distances.
abstract: This paper describes a collaborative surgical training prototype using haptics, which has been able to operate across the world. It allows two users to collaboratively manipulate a simulation of pliable human body organs, as well as guide each other's 'hands' over 22,000 km of internet connection. It uses a force impulse collection mechanism feeding haptics data to a single physics server program. The server runs a 'pseudo' physics model that is resilient to latency.
authors.affiliation: CSIRO, Canberra, Australia. Chris.Gunn@csiro.au
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gunn
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hutchins
authors.forename: Matt
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Adcock
authors.forename: Rhys
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hawkins
mesh_terms: D001315:Australia; D002763:Cholecystectomy / Q000193:education*; D004501:Education, Medical / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D014584:User-Computer Interface