title: Characterization of an interaction between fetal hemoglobin and lipid A of LPS resulting in augmented induction of cytokine production in vivo and in vitro.
abstract: A previously described extract of sheep fetal liver was reported to reverse many of the cytokine changes associated with aging in mice, including an augmented spleen cell ConA-stimulated production of IL-4 and decreased production of IL-2. Similar effects were not seen with adult liver preparations. These changes were observed in various strains of mice, including BALB/c, DBA/2 and C57BL/6, using mice with ages ranging from 8 to 110 weeks. Preliminary characterization of this crude extract showed evidence for the presence of Hb gamma chain, as well as of lipid A of LPS. We show below that purified preparations of sheep fetal Hb, but not adult Hb, in concert with suboptimally stimulating doses of LPS (lipid A), cooperate in the regulation of production of a number of cytokines, including TNFalpha and IL-6, in vitro. Furthermore, isolated fresh spleen or peritoneal cells from animals treated in vivo with the same combination of Hb and LPS, showed an augmented capacity to produce these cytokines on further culture in vitro. Evidence was also obtained for a further interaction between CLP, LPS and fetal Hb itself in this augmented cytokine production. These data suggest that some of the functional activities in the fetal liver extract reported earlier can be explained in terms of a novel immunomodulatory role of a mixture of LPS (lipid A) and fetal Hb.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University Health Network, Toronto, Canada. reg.gorczynski@utoronto.ca
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Gorczynski
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bessler
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fournier
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Mach
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manuel
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ramakrishna
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Rietschel
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Th
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Waelli
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Westphal
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Zahringer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005319:Fetal Hemoglobin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008050:Lipid A / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000502:physiology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D012756:Sheep; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D014020:Tissue Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D016207:Cytokines; D015850:Interleukin-6; D008050:Lipid A; D014020:Tissue Extracts; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D005319:Fetal Hemoglobin