Battling enteroinvasive bacteria: Nod1 comes to the rescue.
Recognition of pathogenic bacteria by mammalian hosts is largely mediated by membrane-bound Toll-like receptors (TLRs). Recently, a family of cytosolic proteins, termed NODs, with homology to plant disease-resistance gene products has been implicated in sensing microbes within the cytosol. The role of NOD family members in host defense is largely unknown. However, a recent report revealed that Nod1 is a crucial sensor for certain enteroinvasive bacteria that avoid TLR signaling. This finding suggests that Nod1 plays an important role in the initial recognition of pathogenic bacteria at epithelial surfaces, such as the gut, where innate immune responses to commensal bacteria must be avoided.
Chamaillard
Mathias
M
Department of Pathology and Comprehensive Cancer Center, The University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA.
Inohara
Naohiro
N
Nuñez
Gabriel
G
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D004751:Enteritis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D053474:Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000276:immunology*; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; C119067:NOD1 protein, human; D053474:Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors