title: The minimal approach: an innovation in facial cosmetic procedures.
abstract: Plastic surgery is a rapidly growing field, particularly the use of less invasive procedures such as biodegradable dermal fillers and botulinum toxin. Aging is a complex process involving two important factors: volume loss throughout the face, and repetitive muscle movements that cause wrinkles and folds. Dermal fillers work by providing support for facial structures, whereas botulinum toxin reduces the mimetic effects. In combination, these products can be used effectively to reshape and rejuvenate the face and neck. Dermal fillers can be used throughout the face to raise the eyebrows, fill the tear trough, reshape the nose, lift the nose tip, fill nasolabial folds and oral comissures, fill the cheeks, raise the cheekbones, reshape the jaw line, and rejuvenate the neck area. This "minimal approach" offers a faster, less painful, and less costly alternative or complement to surgical facelifts. A variety of biodegradable injectable products are currently available, the most common of which are collagen- or hyaluronic acid-based. Using these products in combination takes advantage of their hydrophobic and hydrophilic properties and can provide better and longer-lasting results. The addition of botulinum toxin can further extend the duration of results by reducing the mimetic stress that can break down the polymers. With regular maintenance treatments, the minimal approach using dermal fillers and botulinum toxin can give patients a "whole new look" with a fast and relatively painless lunchtime procedure.
authors.affiliation: Brazilian Society of Plastic Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Brazil. mauriciodemaio@uol.com.br
authors.forename: Maurício
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Maio
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005145:Face / Q000601:surgery; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009334:Neck Muscles / Q000187:drug effects; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012060:Rejuvenation; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D015595:Skin Aging / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D001905:Botulinum Toxins