Biology of recently discovered cytokines: interleukin-17--a unique inflammatory cytokine with roles in bone biology and arthritis.
IL-17 and its receptor are founding members of an emerging family of cytokines and receptors with many unique characteristics. IL-17 is produced primarily by T cells, particularly those of the memory compartment. In contrast, IL-17 receptor is ubiquitously expressed, making nearly all cells potential targets of IL-17. Although it has only limited homology to other cytokines, IL-17 exhibits proinflammatory properties similar to those of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, particularly with respect to induction of other inflammatory effectors. In addition, IL-17 synergizes potently with other cytokines, placing it in the center of the inflammatory network. Strikingly, IL-17 has been associated with several bone pathologies, most notably rheumatoid arthritis.
Gaffen
Sarah L
SL
Department of Oral Biology, School of Dental Medicine, University at Buffalo, State University of New York, USA. sgaffen@acsu.buffalo.edu
D000818:Animals; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000502:physiology; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000378:metabolism; D020381:Interleukin-17 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D005810:Multigene Family; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D053722:Receptors, Interleukin-17; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014714:Vertebrates / Q000502:physiology
D016207:Cytokines; C109985:IL17RA protein, human; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D020381:Interleukin-17; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D053722:Receptors, Interleukin-17