title: Characterization of endoleaks by dynamic computed tomographic angiography.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Current imaging modalities may not be able to detect endoleaks, differentiate between type II and type III, or localize inflow and outflow sources. We describe a new technique that can characterize endoleaks to guide secondary intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred four patients with Zenith (Cook, Inc.) endograft repair of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAAs) were monitored by serial computed tomographic angiography (CTA). Endoleaks were evaluated with a dynamic CTA using a stationary table position, 24-mm beam collimation, and continuous scanning over 30 to 40 seconds to create a cine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve patients (12%) had endoleaks that persisted or appeared more than 30 days post-deployment. Five patients in whom the standard CT surveillance protocol could not differentiate type II versus type III endoleaks underwent dynamic CTA. This technique accurately characterized the endoleaks and localized inflow and outflow branches to guide the subsequent successful secondary interventions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dynamic CTA is a useful technique to evaluate endoleaks for characterization and precise localization to guide secondary interventional therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Section of Abdominal Imaging, Richard L. Roudebush Veterans Affairs Medical Center and Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Jonas
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rydberg
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lalka
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Dolores
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cikrit
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dalsing
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sawchuk
authors.forename: Shoaib
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shafique
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction / Q000379:methods*; D017544:Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery*; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*