title: Uncovering myths and transforming realities among low-SES African-American men: implications for reducing prostate cancer disparities.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prostate cancer provides the most dramatic evidence of cancer disparities based on race and ethnicity among U.S. men. African-American men still hold a commanding lead in both prostate cancer incidence and mortality, particularly among those of low socioeconomic status (SES) and the medically underserved. Therefore, the need for early intervention persists. The purpose of this exploratory pilot study was to: a) assess the knowledge of a cohort of low-SES African-American men regarding prostate health/prostate cancer, and b) uncover myths/misinformation as barriers to prostate health decisions and behaviors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Asymptomatic African-American men participated in focus groups to candidly discuss: a) health concerns, b) prostate health, c) prostate cancer screening, diagnosis and treatment, and d) factors influencing prostate health decisions/behaviors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants revealed sociocultural and psychological barriers: myths and lack of accurate/adequate knowledge about prostate health and cancer, fear, denial and apathy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest factors that may explain the reluctance and limited participation in prostate health and prostate cancer services among medically underserved, socioeconomically disadvantaged, African-American men. Lack of knowledge, which affects all barriers to care, is amenable to change. Therefore, improvements in prostate cancer outcomes are achievable through culturally and linguistically appropriate health education tailored to their specific needs.
authors.affiliation: Virginia Commonwealth University, School of Education, Richmond, VA 23284-2037, USA. jtrichar@vcu.edu
authors.forename: Joann T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: J DeWitt
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Webster
authors.forename: Norma J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Fields
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000193:education*; D017144:Focus Groups; D006266:Health Education; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009229:Mythology; D011379:Prognosis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014768:Virginia / Q000453:epidemiology