title: Altered transcripts expression of matrix metalloproteinases and their tissue inhibitors in tenon capsule of patients with glaucoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the transcripts expression of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their tissue inhibitors (TIMPs) in Tenon capsule of patients with primary glaucoma and non-glaucomatous patients who serve as the control.
  
  
  METHODS
  Specimens of Tenon capsule were obtained intraoperatively and evaluated with the reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction method. The transcripts levels of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 relative to that of glyceraldehyde phosphate dehydrogenase were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The transcripts levels of MMP-1, MMP-2, MMP-9, TIMP-1, and TIMP-2 were not correlated with age in the control group. There were differences in the transcripts expression of MMP-2 (P < 0.001), MMP-9 (P = 0.017), TIMP-1 (P < 0.001), and TIMP-2 (P = 0.001) among the control, primary open angle glaucoma, and primary angle-closure glaucoma groups (Kruscal-Wallis H test). Comparing with the controls, open angle glaucoma had decreased transcripts levels of MMP-2 (P = 0.001) and TIMP-1 (P = 0.006) while angle-closure glaucoma had decreased transcripts levels of MMP-2 (P < 0.001), MMP-9 (P = 0.004), TIMP-1 (P < 0.001), and TIMP-2 (P < 0.001) (Mann-Whitney U tests).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The transcripts expression of certain MMPs and TIMPs is altered in Tenon capsule of glaucoma patients, which might result from long-term application of topical glaucoma medications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan. jlliu@vghtpe.gov.tw
authors.forename: Catherine J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yu-Lun
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jyh-Phen
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Ju
authors.forename: Chin-Li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Allen W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Chiu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005123:Eye / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015812:Glaucoma, Angle-Closure / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000235:genetics; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000235:genetics; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9