title: Genistein stimulates the osteoblastic differentiation via NO/cGMP in bone marrow culture.
abstract: The soybean phytoestrogen, genistein (Gen), has anabolic effects on bone through mechanisms that remain to be elucidated. We examined the role of nitric oxide (NO) and its downstream effector guanylyl cyclase (GC) in mediating the effects of Gen on the proliferation and osteoblastic maturation of primary mouse bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells (BMSCs). Gen (10(-8) approximately 10(-6) M) resulted in a dose-dependent increase in cell proliferation as measured by increased [3H]thymidine incorporation, and stimulated osteoblastic maturation as assessed by culture duration-dependent increments in alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity, calcium deposition into extracellular matrix and Runx2/Cbfa1 gene expression in BMSCs cultures. Gen also resulted in a dose-dependent increase in NO synthase (NOS) activity, NO formation, and cGMP production in BMSCs cultures. The effects of Gen were mimicked by 17beta-estradiol (E2, 10(-8) M). Concurrent treatment with the estrogen receptor (ER) antagonist ICI182,780 (10(-7) M) or the NOS inhibitor L-NAME (3 x 10(-3) M) diminished the Gen (10(-6) M)-mediated increase in NOS activity, NO production, and cGMP content. In contrast, a soluble GC inhibitor 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo [4,3,-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ, 10(-6) M) selectively blocked the Gen (10(-6) M)-mediated increase in cGMP content but not in NO production and NOS activity. Moreover, inhibition of ER, NOS activity or cGMP blocked Gen-induced proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of BMSCs and Runx2/Cbfa1 gene expression in culture. Gen has estrogen-like activity and stimulates the proliferation and osteoblastic differentiation of mouse BMSCs at least in part through NO/cGMP pathway.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Central South University, Changsha 410078, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: L Darryl
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Quarles
authors.forename: Li-Hua
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Yan-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: Hong-Bo
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Chang-Hong
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Han-Wu
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Yuan-Jian
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hong-Hao
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Zhou-Sheng
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Xiao
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004958:Estradiol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D000077267:Fulvestrant; D019833:Genistein / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase / Q000378:metabolism; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D013936:Thymidine / Q000378:metabolism; D050656:Transcription Factor AP-2; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D050659:Core Binding Factor Alpha 1 Subunit; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D004965:Estrogen Antagonists; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; C493716:Runx2 protein, mouse; D050656:Transcription Factor AP-2; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000077267:Fulvestrant; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D004958:Estradiol; D019833:Genistein; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D002118:Calcium; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester; D013936:Thymidine