Wear particles and surface topographies are modulators of osteoclastogenesis in vitro.
Prosthetic and osteosynthetic implants from metal alloys will be indispensable in orthopedic surgery, as long as tissue engineering and biodegradable bone substitutes do not lead to products that will be applied in clinical routine for the repair of bone, cartilage, and joint defects. Therefore, the elucidation of the interactions between the periprosthetic tissues and the implant remains of clinical relevance and several factors are known to affect the longevity of implants. Within this study, the effects of metal particles and surface topography on the recruitment of osteoclasts was investigated in vitro in a coculture of osteoblasts and bone marrow cells. The cells were grown in the presence of particles of different sizes and chemical composition or on metal discs with polished or sandblasted surfaces, respectively. At the end of the culture, newly formed osteoclasts were counted. Osteoclastogenesis was reduced when particles were added directly to the coculture. The effect depended on the size of the particles, small particles exerting stronger effects than larger ones. The chemical composition of the particles, however, did not affect the development of osteoclasts. In cocultures grown on sandblasted surfaces, osteoclasts developed at higher rates than they did in cultures on polished surfaces. The data demonstrate that wear particles and implant surfaces affect osteoclastogenesis and thus may be involved in the induction of local bone resorption and the formation of osteolytic lesions, leading eventually to the loosening of orthopedic implants.
Sommer
Beatrice
B
Group for Bone Biology, Department of Clinical Research, University of Bern, Murtenstrasse 35, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland.
Felix
Rolf
R
Sprecher
Christoph
C
Leunig
Michael
M
Ganz
Reinhold
R
Hofstetter
Willy
W
D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002452:Cell Count; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D004868:Equipment Failure; D007595:Joint Prosthesis; D008670:Metals / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology*; D010316:Particle Size; D013499:Surface Properties
D018786:Bone Substitutes; D008670:Metals