Origins of bidirectional replication of Epstein-Barr virus: models for understanding mammalian origins of DNA synthesis.
Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), provides unique advantages to understand origins of replication in higher eukaryotes. EBV establishes itself efficiently in infected B lymphocytes, where it exists as a 165 kb, circular chromosome which is duplicated once per cell cycle (Adams [1987] J Virol 61:1743-1746). Five to twenty copies of the EBV chromosome are usually present in each cell, increasing the signal/noise ratio for mapping and analyzing its replication origins. Remarkably only one viral protein is required for the synthesis and partitioning of the viral chromosomes: EBV nuclear antigen-1, or EBNA1. EBV uses distinct origins related to the ARS1 origin of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and to that of the dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) locus in Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells [Bogan et al., 2000]. We shall review the properties and the regulation of these two kinds of origins in EBV and relate them to their cellular cousins.
Wang
Jindong
J
Laboratory of Cancer Research, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA. wang@oncology.wisc.edu
Sugden
Bill
B
D000818:Animals; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000502:physiology*; D019309:Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens / Q000502:physiology*; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000821:virology; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D018741:Replication Origin; D014779:Virus Replication
D019309:Epstein-Barr Virus Nuclear Antigens; C417029:EBV-encoded nuclear antigen 1