title: Membrane structure modulation, protein kinase C alpha activation, and anticancer activity of minerval.
abstract: Most drugs currently used for human therapy interact with proteins, altering their activity to modulate the pathological cell physiology. In contrast, 2-hydroxy-9-cis-octadecenoic acid (Minerval) was designed to modify the lipid organization of the membrane. Its structure was deduced following the guidelines of the mechanism of action previously proposed by us for certain antitumor drugs. The antiproliferative activity of Minerval supports the above-mentioned hypothesis. This molecule augments the propensity of membrane lipids to organize into nonlamellar (hexagonal H(II)) phases, promoting the subsequent recruitment of protein kinase C (PKC) to the cell membrane. The binding of the enzyme to membranes was marked and significantly elevated by Minerval in model (liposomes) and cell (A549) membranes and in heart membranes from animals treated with this drug. In addition, Minerval induced increased PKCalpha expression (mRNA and protein levels) in A549 cells. This drug also induced PKC activation, which led to a p53-independent increase in p21(CIP) expression, followed by a decrease in the cellular concentrations of cyclins A, B, and D3 and cdk2. These molecular changes impaired the cell cycle progression of A549 cells. At the cellular and physiological level, administration of Minerval inhibited the growth of cancer cells and exerted antitumor effects in animal models of cancer without apparent histological toxicity. The present results support the potential use of Minerval and related compounds in the treatment of tumor pathologies.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Biomedicine, Department of Biology, Institut Universitari d'Investigacions en Ciencies de la Salut, University of the Balearic Islands, Ctra. de Valldemossa km 7,5, E-07122 Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vögler
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Casas
authors.forename: Francisca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barceló
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alemany
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Prades
authors.forename: Tünde
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagy
authors.forename: Carmela
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baamonde
authors.forename: Philip G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Kasprzyk
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Terés
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saus
authors.forename: Pablo V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Escribá
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes; D009829:Oleic Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D051571:Protein Kinase C-alpha; D013229:Stearic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C497101:2-hydroxy-9-cis-octadecenoic acid; C114874:5-octadecenoic acid; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D008081:Liposomes; D009829:Oleic Acids; D013229:Stearic Acids; C496628:PRKCA protein, human; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D051571:Protein Kinase C-alpha