title: Proteomic fingerprints for potential application to early diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Definitive early-stage diagnosis of severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) is important despite the number of laboratory tests that have been developed to complement clinical features and epidemiologic data in case definition. Pathologic changes in response to viral infection might be reflected in proteomic patterns in sera of SARS patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We developed a mass spectrometric decision tree classification algorithm using surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry. Serum samples were grouped into acute SARS (n = 74; <7 days after onset of fever) and non-SARS [n = 1067; fever and influenza A (n = 203), pneumonia (n = 176); lung cancer (n = 29); and healthy controls (n = 659)] cohorts. Diluted samples were applied to WCX-2 ProteinChip arrays (Ciphergen), and the bound proteins were assessed on a ProteinChip Reader (Model PBS II). Bioinformatic calculations were performed with Biomarker Wizard software 3.1.1 (Ciphergen).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The discriminatory classifier with a panel of four biomarkers determined in the training set could precisely detect 36 of 37 (sensitivity, 97.3%) acute SARS and 987 of 993 (specificity, 99.4%) non-SARS samples. More importantly, this classifier accurately distinguished acute SARS from fever and influenza with 100% specificity (187 of 187).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This method is suitable for preliminary assessment of SARS and could potentially serve as a useful tool for early diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Center for Laboratory Diagnosis, Beijing Tiantan Hospital and Capital University of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xixiong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xiaoyi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Yong
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authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Chen
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authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Yajie
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authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Maohua
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Da
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Youchun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shengli
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bi
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Bai
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Liangping
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Xing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Jingzhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yiping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yingzhao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Liqun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Fengshuang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Suo
authors.forename: Tongyan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zeyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Yunzhuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Chunqin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000465:Algorithms; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection; D002648:Child; D003663:Decision Trees; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D040081:Protein Array Analysis; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D045473:Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D045169:Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020543:Proteome; D014764:Viral Proteins