title: Preparation of human hepatocellular carcinoma-targeted liposome microbubbles and their immunological properties.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To prepare the human hepatocellular carcinoma-(HCC)-targeted liposome microbubbles and to investigate their immunological properties.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human hepatocarcinoma specific monoclonal antibody HAb18 was attached to the surface of home-made liposome microbubbles by static attraction to prepare the targeted liposome microbubbles. The combination of HAb18 with liposome microbubbles was confirmed by the slide agglutination test and immunofluorescent assay. Their immunological activity was measured by ELISA. Rosette formation test, rosette formation blocking test and immun-ofluorescent assay were used to identify the specific binding of targeted liposome microbubbles to SMMC-7721 hepatoma cells, and cytotoxicity assay was used to detect their effect on human hepatocytes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The targeted liposome microbubbles were positive in the slide agglutination test and immunofluorescent assay. ELISA indicated that the immunological activity of HAb18 on the liposome microbubbles was similar to that of free HAb18. SMMC-7721 cells were surrounded by the targeting liposome microbubbles to form rosettes, while the control SGC-7901 gastric cancer cells were not. Proliferation of SMMC-7721 cells and normal human hepatocytes was not influenced by the targeted liposome microbubbles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The targeted liposome microbubbles with a high specific biological activity have been successfully prepared, which specifically bind to human hepatocarcinoma cells, and are non-cytotoxic to hepatocytes. These results indicate that the liposome microbubbles can be used as a HCC-targeted ultrasound contrast agent that may enhance ultrasound images and thus improve the diagnosis of HCC, especially at the early stage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ultrasonic Diagnosis, Xinqiao Hospital, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400037, China.
authors.forename: Ai-Na
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.forename: Yun-Hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Kai-Bin
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Gong-Jun
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000276:immunology*; D002455:Cell Division; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes / Q000276:immunology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000276:immunology*; D045423:Microbubbles; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D008081:Liposomes