title: Pair density wave in the pseudogap state of high temperature superconductors.
abstract: Recent scanning tunneling microscopy experiments of Bi(2)Sr(2)CaCu(2)O(8+delta) have shown evidence of real-space organization of electronic states at low energies in the pseudogap state [Science 303, 1995 (2004)]]. We argue based on symmetry considerations as well as model calculations that the experimentally observed modulations are due to a density wave of d-wave Cooper pairs without global phase coherence. We show that scanning tunneling microscopy measurements can distinguish a pair density wave from more typical electronic modulations such as those due to charge density wave ordering or scattering from an on site periodic potential.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Physics, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: Han-Dong
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Oskar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vafek
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yazdani
authors.forename: Shou-Cheng
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Zhang