title: Induced recruitment of NK cells to lymph nodes provides IFN-gamma for T(H)1 priming.
abstract: Naive T cells are stimulated by antigen-presenting dendritic cells (DCs) in secondary lymphoid organs, but whether other types of cell participate in T cell priming is unclear. Here we show in mice that natural killer (NK) cells, which are normally excluded from lymph nodes, are rapidly recruited in a CCR7-independent, CXCR3-dependent manner to lymph nodes on stimulation by the injection of mature DCs. Recruitment of NK cells is also induced by some, but not all, adjuvants and correlates with the induction of T helper cell type 1 (T(H)1) responses. NK cell depletion and reconstitution experiments show that NK cells provide an early source of interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) that is necessary for T(H)1 polarization. Taken together, our results identify an induced pathway of NK cell migration in antigen-stimulated lymph nodes and a mechanism by which some adjuvants may facilitate T(H)1 responses.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Research in Biomedicine, 6500 Bellinzona, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martín-Fontecha
authors.forename: Lindy L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Thomsen
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brett
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gerard
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lipp
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lanzavecchia
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sallusto
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002465:Cell Movement; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000276:immunology*; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D054400:Receptors, CCR7; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; C515371:Ccr7 protein, mouse; C515188:Cxcr3 protein, mouse; D054400:Receptors, CCR7; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D007371:Interferon-gamma