title: Components of diesel exhaust particles differentially affect lung expression of cyclooxygenase-2 related to bacterial endotoxin.
abstract: We have reported previously that components of diesel exhaust particles (DEP) differently affect acute lung injury related to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in mice. This study examined the effects of components of DEP on the lung expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and -2 in the presence or absence of LPS. ICR mice were divided into six experimental groups that received vehicle, LPS (2.5 mg kg(-1)), organic chemicals in DEP (DEP-OC) extracted with dichloromethane (4 mg kg(-1)), residual carbonaceous nuclei after the extraction (washed DEP: 4 mg kg(-1)), DEP-OC (4 mg kg(-1)) + LPS (2.5 mg kg(-1)) or washed DEP (4 mg kg(-1)) + LPS (2.5 mg kg(-1)) intratracheally. The expression of mRNA for both COXs in the lung was evaluated 4 h after the intratracheal administration. The magnitude of COX-1 mRNA expression was not altered in each group. The LPS treatment enhanced the COX-2 gene expression compared with vehicle treatment. Washed DEP combined with LPS further increased its expression compared with LPS alone. In contrast, combined treatment of DEP-OC with LPS decreased COX-2 gene expression compared with LPS alone. These results suggest that the residual carbonaceous nuclei of DEP predominantly enhance lung expression of COX-2 rather than the extracted organic chemicals from DEP in the presence of LPS, which is concomitant with the magnitude of acute lung injury in our previous study.
authors.affiliation: Inhalation Toxicology and Pathophysiology Research Team, National Institute for Environmental Studies, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Ken-ichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Hirohisa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takano
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yanagisawa
authors.forename: Takamichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichinose
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sadakane
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshino
authors.forename: Kouya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamaki
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
authors.forename: Toshikazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D007249:Inflammation; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D010316:Particle Size; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; C496512:Ptgs1 protein, mouse