title: Sheathless electrospray ionization interfaces for capillary electrophoresis-mass spectrometric detection advantages and limitations.
abstract: A review of sheathless interfaces for capillary electrophoresis (CE)-mass spectrometry (MS) is presented. The review discusses the on-line CE-MS system requirements, advantages and weaknesses of current sheathless interface designs for CE-electrospray ionization MS, and comparison between sheath flow and sheathless interfaces. The advantages and limitations of three sheathless designs are discussed and commented upon, these include single-capillary, two-capillary and three-piece designs.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Proteomics and Analytical Technologies, SAIC Frederick Inc., National Cancer Institute at Frederick, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 20702, USA. issaqh@mail.ncifcrf.gov
authors.forename: Haleem J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Issaq
authors.forename: George M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Janini
authors.forename: King C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Timothy D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Veenstra
mesh_terms: D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*