title: Reconstruction of regulatory and metabolic pathways in metal-reducing delta-proteobacteria.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Relatively little is known about the genetic basis for the unique physiology of metal-reducing genera in the delta subgroup of the proteobacteria. The recent availability of complete finished or draft-quality genome sequences for seven representatives allowed us to investigate the genetic and regulatory factors in a number of key pathways involved in the biosynthesis of building blocks and cofactors, metal-ion homeostasis, stress response, and energy metabolism using a combination of regulatory sequence detection and analysis of genomic context.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the genomes of delta-proteobacteria, we identified candidate binding sites for four regulators of known specificity (BirA, CooA, HrcA, sigma-32), four types of metabolite-binding riboswitches (RFN-, THI-, B12-elements and S-box), and new binding sites for the FUR, ModE, NikR, PerR, and ZUR transcription factors, as well as for the previously uncharacterized factors HcpR and LysX. After reconstruction of the corresponding metabolic pathways and regulatory interactions, we identified possible functions for a large number of previously uncharacterized genes covering a wide range of cellular functions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Phylogenetically diverse delta-proteobacteria appear to have homologous regulatory components. This study for the first time demonstrates the adaptability of the comparative genomic approach to de novo reconstruction of a regulatory network in a poorly studied taxonomic group of bacteria. Recent efforts in large-scale functional genomic characterization of Desulfovibrio species will provide a unique opportunity to test and expand our predictions.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Information Transmission Problems, Russian Academy of Sciences, Bolshoi Karetny per, 19, Moscow 127994, Russia. rodionov@genetika.ru
authors.forename: Dmitry A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Rodionov
authors.forename: Inna
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dubchak
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arkin
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alm
authors.forename: Mikhail S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Gelfand
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence / Q000235:genetics; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000235:genetics; D001710:Biotin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000378:metabolism; D020564:Deltaproteobacteria / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D003901:Desulfovibrio / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000235:genetics; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000235:genetics; D007506:Iron-Sulfur Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008239:Lysine / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D008670:Metals / Q000378:metabolism*; D008715:Methionine / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000235:genetics; D018085:Regulon / Q000235:genetics; D012256:Riboflavin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D013431:Sulfates / Q000378:metabolism; D013831:Thiamine / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D014805:Vitamin B 12 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D007506:Iron-Sulfur Proteins; D008670:Metals; D013431:Sulfates; C075199:prismane protein, Desulfovibrio vulgaris; D001710:Biotin; D002248:Carbon Monoxide; D008715:Methionine; D008239:Lysine; D014805:Vitamin B 12; D012256:Riboflavin; D013831:Thiamine