title: Influence of smoking on serum and milk of mothers, and their infants' serum insulin-like growth factor-I and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 levels.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the serum and milk in active-smoking and nonsmoking mothers, and their infants' insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) and insulin-like growth factor binding protein-3 (IGFBP-3) levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort study conducted at a tertiary medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four mothers (age range: 21-34 years) and their newborns (7 days old) were enrolled in the study. Mothers were interviewed and classified according to their smoking status into one of two groups: the active-smoking mothers (n = 21) and the nonsmoking mothers (n = 23).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no difference noted in either IGF-I, IGFBP-3 or IGF-I/IGFBP-3 ratios in serum and milk of mothers, and their infants' serum samples according to maternal smoking.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated that maternal smoking (5-10 cigarettes/day) did not influence the maternal and infant serum levels of IGF-I and IGFBP-3 as well as the breast milk levels of these peptides.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Zonguldak Karaelmas University, Kozlu, Zonguldak, Turkey. bahriermis@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Bahri
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ermis
authors.forename: Konca
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Altinkaynak
authors.forename: Abdulkadir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yildirim
authors.forename: Behzat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ozkan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012907:Smoking / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I