title: Using molecular markers in sputum for the early detection of lung cancer: a review.
abstract: Recent exciting advances have been made in identifying potential molecular markers in sputum which may soon be ready for validation trials to indicate high risk for lung cancer, especially central airway squamous cell lung cancer. Hopefully, a set of biomarkers will be identified with higher sensitivity, specificity, and enough lead-time compared to traditional cytopathology to justify endobronchial evaluation and local therapy to help reduce lung-cancer mortality in high-risk patients.
authors.affiliation: University of Colorado Cancer Center, Specialized Program of Research Excellence, National Cancer Institute, 4200 E. 9th Ave., Denver, CO 80262, USA. tchesk@AOL.com
authors.forename: Timothy C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Kennedy
authors.forename: Fred R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Hirsch
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D008967:Molecular Biology / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013183:Sputum / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor