title: Electrophysiological-anatomic correlates of ATP-triggered vagal reflex in the dog. V. Role of purinergic receptors.
abstract: The mechanism of extracellular ATP-triggered vagal depressor reflex was further studied in a closed-chest canine model. Adenosine and ATP were administered individually in equimolar doses (0.01-1.0 mumol/kg) into the right coronary artery (RCA) and left circumflex coronary artery (LCA). When administered into the RCA, adenosine and ATP exerted an identical and relatively small negative chronotropic effect on sinus node automaticity; the time to peak negative chronotropic effect was >/=7 s. When administered into the LCA, adenosine had no effect on sinus node automaticity, whereas ATP markedly suppressed sinus node automaticity. This effect of ATP 1) reached its peak in <2 s after its administration, 2) was short lasting, and 3) was completely abolished by either intravenous administration of the muscarinic cholinergic blocker atropine (0.2 mg/kg) or intra-LCA administration of 2',3'-O-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)-ATP (TNP-ATP), a potent P2X(2/3) purinergic receptor (P2X(2/3)R) antagonist, but not by diinosine pentaphosphate (Ip(5)I), a potent inhibitor of P2X(1)R and P2X(3)R. Repetitive administrations of ATP were not associated with reduced effects, indicative of receptor desensitization, thereby excluding the involvement of the rapidly desensitized P2X(1)R in the action of ATP. It was concluded that ATP triggers a cardio-cardiac vagal depressor reflex by activating P2X(2/3)R located on vagal sensory nerve terminals localized in the left ventricle. Because these terminals mediate vasovagal syncope, these data could suggest a mechanistic role of extracellular ATP in this syndrome and, in addition, give further support to the hypothesis that endogenous ATP released from ischemic myocytes is a mediator of atropine-sensitive bradyarrhythmias associated with left ventricular myocardial infarction.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, 245 N 15th Street, M.S. #110, Philadelphia, PA 19102-1192, USA.
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kussmaul
authors.forename: Peter B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Kurnik
authors.forename: Mohamad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Al-Ahdav
authors.forename: Amir
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pelleg
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D003331:Coronary Vessels; D004285:Dogs; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005260:Female; D007269:Injections, Intra-Arterial; D008297:Male; D058919:Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2 / Q000502:physiology*; D058476:Receptors, Purinergic P2X2; D058477:Receptors, Purinergic P2X3; D012018:Reflex / Q000502:physiology*; D014630:Vagus Nerve / Q000502:physiology*; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
chemical_list: C009587:2',3'-O-(2,4,6-trinitrophenyl)adenosine 5'-triphosphate; D058919:Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2; D058476:Receptors, Purinergic P2X2; D058477:Receptors, Purinergic P2X3; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000241:Adenosine