Cellular immune responses to feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) induced by dual-subtype FIV vaccine.
Vaccine-induced T cell responses to FIV were assessed by measuring FIV-specific cytokine and cytotoxic-effector molecule production. A total of 22 cats at 10-12 weeks of age received either dual-subtype FIV vaccine (n=12), uninfected cell lysate (n=5) consisting of cells used to produce vaccine viruses, or no immunization (n=5). Significant increases in mRNA and protein production of T-helper 1 (Th1) cytokines (IL-2, IFNgamma), mRNA production of a cytotoxic-effector molecule (perforin), and lymphoproliferation response were observed in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) from dual-subtype FIV-vaccinated cats after in vitro stimulation with inactivated FIV. In contrast, no statistically significant increase in FIV-stimulated mRNA production of Th2 cytokines (IL-4, IL-6) or other cytotoxic-effector molecules (TNFalpha, FasL) was observed in the PBMC from dual-subtype vaccinated cats. Moreover, no FIV-specific increases in the IFNgamma, IL-2, and perforin mRNA productions and in the IFNgamma bioactivity and lymphoproliferation responses were observed in the PBMC from cell-immunized cats. These observations suggest that IFNgamma induction, lymphoproliferation, and significant portion of IL-2 and perforin productions in the PBMC from dual-subtype vaccinated cats are clearly specific for viral antigens. Overall, dual-subtype FIV vaccine elicited strong Th1 response (IFN(, IL-2), which may contribute to the vaccine protection by enhancing the perforin-mediated cytotoxic-cell activity against FIV.
Omori
M
M
Department of Pathobiology, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, P.O. Box 110880, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA.
Pu
R
R
Tanabe
T
T
Hou
W
W
Coleman
J K
JK
Arai
M
M
Yamamoto
J K
JK
D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D016089:Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline / Q000276:immunology*; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D054353:Perforin; D052899:Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014611:Vaccination; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
D016207:Cytokines; D007376:Interleukin-2; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D052899:Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D054353:Perforin; D007371:Interferon-gamma