title: Synthesis of isomaltooligosaccharides and oligodextrans in a recycle membrane bioreactor by the combined use of dextransucrase and dextranase.
abstract: A recycle ultrafiltration membrane reactor was used to develop a continuous synthesis process for the production of isomaltooligosaccharides (IMO) from sucrose, using the enzymes dextransucrase and dextranase. A variety of membranes were tested and the parameters affecting reactor stability, productivity, and product molecular weight distribution were investigated. Enzyme inactivation in the reactor was reduced with the use of a non-ionic surfactant but its use had severe adverse effects on the membrane pore size and porosity. During continuous isomaltooligosaccharide synthesis, dextransucrase inactivation was shown to occur as a result of the dextranase activity and it was dependent mainly on the substrate availability in the reactor and the hydrolytic activity of dextranase. Substrate and dextranase concentrations (50-200 mg/mL(-1) and 10-30 U/mL(-1), respectively) affected permeate fluxes, reactor productivity, and product average molecular weight. The oligodextrans and isomaltooligosaccharides formed had molecular weights lower than in batch synthesis reactions but they largely consisted of oligosaccharides with a degree of polymerization (DP) greater than 5, depending on the synthesis conditions. No significant rejection of the sugars formed was shown by the membranes and permeate flux was dependent on tangential flow velocity.
authors.affiliation: School of Food Biosciences, The University of Reading, P.O. Box 226, Whiteknights, Reading, RG6 6AP, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Athanasios K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Goulas
authors.forename: Julian M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: Alistair S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Grandison
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Rastall
mesh_terms: D019149:Bioreactors; D003910:Dextranase / Q000737:chemistry*; D003911:Dextrans / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004795:Enzyme Stability; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D017743:Equipment Reuse; D005964:Glucosyltransferases / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D013395:Sucrose / Q000737:chemistry*; D014462:Ultrafiltration / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D003911:Dextrans; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D009844:Oligosaccharides; C021705:maltooligosaccharides; D013395:Sucrose; D005964:Glucosyltransferases; C020025:dextransucrase; D003910:Dextranase