title: Management of portal hypertension.
abstract: Treatment of portal hypertension is evolving based on randomised controlled trials. In acute variceal bleeding, prophylactic antibiotics are mandatory, reducing mortality as well as preventing infections. Terlipressin or somatostatin combined with endoscopic ligation or sclerotherapy is the best strategy for control of bleeding but there is no added effect of vasoactive drugs on mortality. Non-selective beta-blockers are the first choice therapy for both secondary and primary prevention; if contraindications or intolerance to beta-blockers are present then band ligation should be used. Novel therapies target the increased intrahepatic resistance caused by microcirculatory intrahepatic deficiency of nitric oxide and contraction of activated intrahepatic stellate cells.
authors.affiliation: Liver Transplant and Hepatobiliary Medicine Unit, Royal Free Hospital, Pond Street, London NW3 2QG, UK. andrew.burroughs@royalfree.nhs.uk
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Samonakis
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Triantos
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Thalheimer
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Patch
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Burroughs
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077261:Carvedilol; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D006975:Hypertension, Portal / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012008:Recurrence
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D002227:Carbazoles; D011412:Propanolamines; D000077261:Carvedilol