title: Combined angiotensin receptor blocker and ACE inhibitor on myocardial fibrosis and left ventricular stiffness in dogs with heart failure.
abstract: Angiotensin receptor blocker (ARB) and angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor (ACEI) each act in a different manner to prevent myocardial fibrosis and left ventricular (LV) stiffness in animals with pathways in the heart for generating ANG II as well as ACE. A model of pacing-induced congestive heart failure (CHF) was used to test the central hypothesis that ARB + ACEI prevents myocardial fibrosis and decreases LV stiffness to a greater extent than ARB or ACEI alone. Thirty-five dogs were assigned to the following treatment protocols on the 8th day of a 4-wk pacing schedule: 1) rapid ventricular pacing, 2) ARB (candesartan cilexetil, 1.5 mg.kg(-1).day(-1)) with pacing, 3) ACEI (enalapril, 1.9 mg.kg(-1).day(-1)) with pacing, 4) ARB (candesartan cilexetil, 0.75 mg.kg(-1).day(-1)) + ACEI (enalapril, 0.95 mg.kg(-1).day(-1)) with pacing, and 5) sham operation. The LV stiffness coefficient was significantly increased after rapid pacing but was significantly lower with ARB + ACEI than with ARB or ACEI alone. The collagen volume fraction and mRNA levels of collagen I and III, which were increased by rapid pacing, were significantly lower with ARB + ACEI than with ARB or ACEI alone. Thus ARB + ACEI prevents myocardial fibrosis and decreases LV stiffness during the progression of CHF compared with ARB or ACEI alone.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Laboratory Medicine, Mie Univ. School of Medicine, 2-174 Edobashi, Tsu 514-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Funabiki
authors.forename: Katsuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Onishi
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dohi
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koji
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imanaka-Yoshida
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Isaka
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nobori
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakano
mesh_terms: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002306:Cardiac Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000235:genetics; D024061:Collagen Type III / Q000235:genetics; D004285:Dogs; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004656:Enalapril / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005355:Fibrosis; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000187:drug effects; D017725:Ventricular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D024042:Collagen Type I; D024061:Collagen Type III; D013777:Tetrazoles; D004656:Enalapril; C077793:candesartan cilexetil; D009638:Norepinephrine