title: Intratympanic steroid treatment: a review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review published literature regarding the use of intratympanic steroids in the treatment of Meniere's disease and sudden sensorineural hearing loss and to make recommendations regarding their use based on the literature review.
  
  
  METHODS
  Literature review from 1996 to 2003, PubMed, Medline Plus, and Web of Science.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective case series and uncontrolled prospective cohort studies were the only types of studies available for review.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  On the basis of the available literature, a weak recommendation is made to use intratympanic steroid treatment of sudden hearing loss if oral steroid therapy fails or is contraindicated. The available studies regarding intratympanic steroid treatment of Meniere's disease and tinnitus are inadequate to answer the question of the efficacy of this treatment for these conditions. Higher quality studies are needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Davis, Sacramento, California 95817, USA. karen.doyle@ucdmc.ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: Karen Jo
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Doyle
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bauch
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Battista
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Beatty
authors.forename: Gordon B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mason
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maw
authors.forename: Frank L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Musiek
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004432:Ear, Middle; D003639:Hearing Loss, Sudden / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007322:Instillation, Drug; D008575:Meniere Disease / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents