title: Results of a retrospective multicenter trial of the Viatorr expanded polytetrafluoroethylene-covered stent-graft for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt creation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the results of a multicenter experience with the Viatorr expanded polytetrafluoroethylene-covered stent-graft for transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) creation in which patency and clinical outcome were evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred consecutive patients with portal hypertension, with a mean age of 52 years (range, 22-86 years), underwent implantation of the Viatorr TIPS stent-graft at one of three hospital centers. The indications for TIPS creation were variceal bleeding (n = 81) and refractory ascites (n = 19). Twenty patients had Child-Pugh class A disease, 46 had class B disease, and 34 had class C disease. Eighty-seven patients underwent de novo TIPS placements, with 13 treated for recurrent TIPS stenosis. Sixty-two patients were available for follow-up portal venography and portosystemic pressure gradient (PSG) measurement commencing 6 months after Viatorr stent-graft placement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The technical success rate was 100%. TIPS creation resulted in an immediate decrease in mean PSG (+/-SD) from 21 mm Hg +/- 6 to 7 mm Hg +/- 3. Acute repeat intervention (within 30 days) was required for portal vein thrombosis (n = 1), continued bleeding (n = 3), and encephalopathy (n = 1). The all-cause 30-day mortality rate was 12%. Two patients developed acute severe refractory encephalopathy, which led to death in one case. New or worsening encephalopathy was identified in 14% of patients. The incidence of recurrent bleeding was 8%. The cumulative survival rate at 1 year was 65%. Sixty-two patients available for venographic follow-up had a mean PSG of 9 mm Hg +/- 5 at a mean interval of 343 days (range, 56-967 days). There were four stent-graft occlusions (6%) and seven hemodynamically significant stenoses (11%), four within the stent-graft and three in the non-stent-implanted hepatic vein. The primary patency rate at 1 year by Kaplan-Meier analysis was 84%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This retrospective multicenter experience with the Viatorr stent-graft confirms the preliminary findings of other investigators of good technical results and improved patency compared with bare stents. Early mortality and symptomatic recurrence rates are low by historical standards. The theoretical increase in TIPS-related encephalopathy was not demonstrated. Longer-term follow-up will be required to determine whether the additional cost of the Viatorr stent-graft will be offset by reduced surveillance and repeat intervention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Gartnavel General Hospital, 1053 Great Western Road, Glasgow, G12 0YN, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre M
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Charon
authors.forename: Fida H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Alaeddin
authors.forename: Sheena A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Pimpalwar
authors.forename: Dominic M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Fay
authors.forename: Simon P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Olliff
authors.forename: Ralph W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Richard D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: Iain R
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Jonathan G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Moss
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000209:etiology; D006501:Hepatic Encephalopathy / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D006975:Hypertension, Portal / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010690:Phlebography / Q000379:methods; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019168:Portasystemic Shunt, Transjugular Intrahepatic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D019233:Retreatment / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D006113:United Kingdom; D014654:Vascular Patency / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene