title: Tamoxifen and vitamin E treatments delay symptoms in the mouse model of Niemann-Pick C.
abstract: Niemann-Pick C disease (NPC) is an irreversible neurodegenerative disorder without current treatment. It is the result of deficient intracellular cholesterol movement. We investigated the effects of tamoxifen and vitamin E (D-alpha tocopherol) treatment on patterns of weight loss and motor function in the mouse model of Niemann-Pick C disease (Npc1-/- mice). Tamoxifen has multiple metabolic effects, including reducing oxidative damage, while vitamin E primarily has this property. Npc1-/- mice were identified and treatment was initiated at an approximate age of 21 days. Tamoxifen suspended in peanut oil was administered via intraperitoneal injection (weekly, at a dose calculated to deliver 0.023 microg/g/day). Vitamin E (25 IU) was administered orally via gavage once a week. Weight loss and Rota-Rod performance were analyzed by using Kaplan-Meyer survival curves. Tamoxifen treatment by itself significantly delayed weight loss (an endpoint of neurodegeneration) in male and female mice compared to untreated controls. Motor function was evaluated by performance on a Rota-Rod. Tamoxifen maintained Rota-Rod performance for about an extra week. Vitamin E treatment significantly delayed weight loss in females only. Rota-Rod performance was maintained slightly longer in mice treated with vitamin E. Simultaneous use of both treatments did not delay weight loss longer than tamoxifen-only treatment but had a greater effect than either treatment alone on Rota-Rod performance and demonstrated a significant positive effect on the early "learning curve" portion of the Rota-Rod evaluations. We found significant but relatively small improvements in rate of disease progression by treating Npc1-/- mice with tamoxifen and/or vitamin E. Some sex differences in response and an early improvement in Rota-Rod performance suggest areas for further study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biophysics, University of Arizona, Tucson, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Eric C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Bascuñan-Castillo
authors.forename: Robert P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Erickson
authors.forename: Christy M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Howison
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Hunter
authors.forename: Randall H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Heidenreich
authors.forename: Chad
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hicks
authors.forename: Theodore P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Trouard
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Gillies
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007858:Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D000077296:Niemann-Pick C1 Protein; D009542:Niemann-Pick Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D000975:Antioxidants; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D000077296:Niemann-Pick C1 Protein; C106831:Npc1 protein, mouse; D011506:Proteins; D013629:Tamoxifen; D014810:Vitamin E