title: Present role and future perspectives of the evaluation of the effect of primary chemotherapy by breast imaging.
abstract: Recently, primary chemotherapy has been used not only for locally advanced breast cancers but also operable cases in an adjuvant setting. Therefore, many randomized clinical trials for primary chemotherapy have been coducted all over the world, with the result that more than one-third of the cases have become nonpalpable (clinical CR). On the contrary, accurate determination of the surgical margin has become more difficult. If some cancer remains as a nonpalpable lesion, it must be detected. Breast MRI has been assuming an important role in the assessment of the extent of cancer and does so more accurately than conventional modalities such as mammography and ultrasonography. Image-guided biopsy or mapping is promising and should be developed as soon as possible. In this article, some promising modalities for the detection of residual lesions after primary chemotherapy are extensively reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, St.Luke's International Hospital, 9-1 Akashi-cho, Chuo-ku, Tokyo 104-0044, Japan. seigonak@luke.or.jp
authors.forename: Seigo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods*; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed