title: Pathogenesis-related gene expression by specific calmodulin isoforms is dependent on NIM1, a key regulator of systemic acquired resistance.
abstract: Plants produce numerous calmodulin isoforms that exhibit differential gene expression patterns and sense different Ca2+ signals. This diversity results in different physiological responses to particular stimuli. Gm-CaM-4 and -5 are two divergent calmodulin isoforms from the soybean (Glycine max) that have been reported to be involved in plant disease resistance. However, little is known about the pathway by which these specific isoforms transduce the defense signal and up-regulate pathogenesis-related (PR) genes. Here we report that overexpression of GmCaM-4/-5 induces constitutive PR gene expression and enhances disease resistance in wild-type Arabidopsis, but not in the nim1 mutant of Arabidopsis. GmCaM-4/-5 also appear to activate trans-acting elements that bind to cis-acting elements in the Arabidopsis PR-1 promoter. Thus up-regulation of PR genes by these GmCaM isoforms is dependent on NIM1 (Non immunity 1) and unknown transcription factors.
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Life Science (Brain Korea 21 Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju 660-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Chan Young
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Won Do
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Heo
authors.forename: Jae Hyuk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Ju Huck
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Min Chul
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyun Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.forename: Byeong Cheol
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Ihn Hyeong
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyeong Cheol
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Man Soo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hyun Mi
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Ok
authors.forename: Mi Sun
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Cheong
authors.forename: Sang Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ho Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kon Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chae Oh
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Woo Sik
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Moo Je
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Cho
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000276:immunology; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D002147:Calmodulin / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D013025:Glycine max / Q000235:genetics; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D002147:Calmodulin; C105496:NPR1 protein, Arabidopsis; D020033:Protein Isoforms