title: Pseudoxanthomonas mexicana sp. nov. and Pseudoxanthomonas japonensis sp. nov., isolated from diverse environments, and emended descriptions of the genus Pseudoxanthomonas Finkmann et al. 2000 and of its type species.
abstract: Three mesophilic bacteria (strains AMX 26B(T), UR374_02 and 12-3(T)) isolated respectively from an anaerobic digester, human urine and urban riverside soil were characterized. Cells were Gram-negative, motile, non-sporulating, straight to curved rods with one polar flagellum and had a strictly respiratory metabolism with O(2) as the preferential terminal electron acceptor. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequences revealed that all strains clustered within the Xanthomonadaceae branch of the Proteobacteria. Isolates AMX 26B(T) and UR374_02 exhibited 100 % 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity and both were related to strain 12-3(T) (99.6 % similarity). The closest relative of all the isolates was Pseudoxanthomonas broegbernensis DSM 12573(T) (similarity 97.1-97.5 %), and they were equidistantly related to Xanthomonas species (95.4-96.6 %), Stenotrophomonas species (95.3-96.1 %) and Pseudoxanthomonas taiwanensis ATCC BAA-4040(T) (95.3-95.4 %). Chemotaxonomic and biochemical data (branched-chain cellular fatty acid pattern without C(13 : 0) iso 3-OH, ubiquinone with eight isoprenoid units, limited range of substrates used, ability to reduce nitrite but not nitrate with the production of N(2)O) supported their affiliation to the genus Pseudoxanthomonas. The results of DNA-DNA hybridization and/or phenotypic analysis allowed them to be differentiated from the two Pseudoxanthomonas species with validly published names and showed that strain 12-3(T) was genomically and phenotypically distinct from the other two isolates. On the basis of these results, two novel species of the genus Pseudoxanthomonas are proposed: Pseudoxanthomonas mexicana sp. nov., consisting of strains AMX 26B(T) (=ATCC 700993(T)=CIP 106674(T)=JCM 11524(T)) (type strain) and UR374_02 (=DSM 15133), and Pseudoxanthomonas japonensis sp. nov., consisting of strain 12-3(T) (=CCUG 48231(T)=CIP 107388(T)=JCM 11525(T)). The report of these two novel species leads to the emendation of the description of the genus Pseudoxanthomonas and the re-evaluation of the phenotype of P. broegbernensis DSM 12573(T) necessitates the emendation of its description.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Cicerón 609, Col. Los Morales, 11530 México DF, Mexico.|Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Avenida Michoacán y la Purísima s/n, Col. Vicentina, 09340 México DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Sébastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thierry
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Microbiologie IRD, IFR-BAIM, Universités de Provence et de la Méditerranée, ESIL case 925, 163 avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille cedex 9, France.|Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD), Cicerón 609, Col. Los Morales, 11530 México DF, Mexico.|Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Avenida Michoacán y la Purísima s/n, Col. Vicentina, 09340 México DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Macarie
authors.affiliation: Central Research Laboratories, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1, Suzuki-Cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, 210-8681, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iizuka
authors.affiliation: Institut für Klinische Mikrobiologie, Immunologie und Hygiene, Wasserturmstr. 3, 91054 Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Geißdörfer
authors.affiliation: LAMIB-CRSBAN, Département de Biochimie-Microbiologie, Unité de Formation et de Recherches en Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.|Laboratoire de Microbiologie IRD, IFR-BAIM, Universités de Provence et de la Méditerranée, ESIL case 925, 163 avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Essokazi A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Assih
authors.affiliation: Leukaemia Foundation Research Unit, Queensland Institute of Medical Research, 300 Herston Rd, Herston QLD-4000, Australia.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Spanevello
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Microbiologie IRD, IFR-BAIM, Universités de Provence et de la Méditerranée, ESIL case 925, 163 avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Verhe
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Microbiologie IRD, IFR-BAIM, Universités de Provence et de la Méditerranée, ESIL case 925, 163 avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.affiliation: Central Research Laboratories, Ajinomoto Co., Inc., 1-1, Suzuki-Cho, Kawasaki-ku, Kawasaki-shi, 210-8681, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryosuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fudou
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biotecnología, Universidad Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Avenida Michoacán y la Purísima s/n, Col. Vicentina, 09340 México DF, Mexico.
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Monroy
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Microbiologie IRD, IFR-BAIM, Universités de Provence et de la Méditerranée, ESIL case 925, 163 avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille cedex 9, France.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Labat
authors.affiliation: LAMIB-CRSBAN, Département de Biochimie-Microbiologie, Unité de Formation et de Recherches en Sciences de la Vie et de la Terre, Université de Ouagadougou, 03 BP 7021, Ouagadougou 03, Burkina Faso.
authors.forename: Aboubakar S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Ouattara
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005407:Flagella; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D005840:Gentian Violet; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009068:Movement; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D010619:Phenazines; D010802:Phylogeny; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000166:cytology; D020588:Stenotrophomonas / Q000235:genetics; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000032:analysis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D014556:Urine / Q000382:microbiology*; D044166:Xanthomonadaceae / Q000145:classification* / Q000166:cytology / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D014974:Xanthomonas / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; C035863:Gram's stain; D009573:Nitrites; D010619:Phenazines; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D014451:Ubiquinone; D005840:Gentian Violet; D010100:Oxygen