title: Late life metabolic syndrome, early growth, and common polymorphism in the growth hormone and placental lactogen gene cluster.
abstract: Low rates of fetal and infant growth are associated with the metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease in later life. We investigated common genetic variation in the GH-CSH gene cluster on chromosome 17q23 encoding GH, placental lactogens [chorionic somatomammotropins (CSH)], and placental GH variant in relation to fetal and infant growth and phenotypic features of the metabolic syndrome in subjects aged 59-72 yr from Hertfordshire, UK. Allele groups T, D1, and D2 of a locus herein designated CSH1.01 were examined in relation to GH-CSH single nucleotide polymorphisms and to specific phenotypes. Average birth weights were similar for all genotype groups. Men with T alleles were significantly lighter at 1 yr of age, shorter as adults, and had higher blood pressures, fasting insulin (T/T 66% higher than D2/D2) and triglyceride concentrations, and insulin and glucose concentrations during a glucose tolerance test. Birth weight and 1-yr weight associations with metabolic syndrome traits were independent of the CSH1.01 effects. Common diversity in GH-CSH correlates with low 1-yr weight and with features of the metabolic syndrome in later life. GH-CSH genotype adds substantially to, but does not account for, the associations between low body weight, at birth and in infancy, and the metabolic syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Human Genetics Division, Duthie Building Mp808, Tremona Road, School of Medicine, Southampton University Hospital, Southampton, United Kingdom SO16 6YD. inmd@soton.ac.uk.
authors.forename: Ian N M
authors.initials: IN
authors.lastname: Day
authors.forename: Xiao-He
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Tom R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Gaunt
authors.forename: Tabitha H T
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Anca
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Voropanov
authors.forename: Shu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Santiago
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: Holly E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Syddall
authors.forename: Avan Aihie
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Sayer
authors.forename: Elaine M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Dennison
authors.forename: Faiza
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tabassum
authors.forename: David J P
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: Cyrus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cooper
authors.forename: David I W
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Phillips
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001724:Birth Weight; D005260:Female; D006128:Growth; D006239:Haplotypes; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D005810:Multigene Family; D010928:Placental Lactogen / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
chemical_list: D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D010928:Placental Lactogen