Gut endocrine secretions and their relevance to satiety.
The three major regions of the gastrointestinal tract (stomach, upper small intestine, ileum/colon) are each the source of factors influencing food intake. These can enhance appetite or, conversely, inhibit it. The active factors include hormones, lipid mediators, nutrients and gastric distension. Vagal afferent neurons mediate the effects of some gut signals on the brain, but other gut hormones also act directly on the brain in areas where the blood-brain barrier can be penetrated. Many different interactions between these factors are now emerging. Collectively, this system presents an array of new potential targets in seeking to modify energy intake.
Dockray
Graham
G
Physiological Laboratory, University of Liverpool Crown Street, Liverpool L69 3BX, UK. g.j.dockray@liverpool.ac.uk
D000818:Animals; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones / Q000145:classification / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D012528:Satiety Response / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006113:United Kingdom
D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones