title: Direct analysis of molybdenum target generated x-ray spectra with a portable device.
abstract: In routine applications, information about the photon flux of x-ray tubes is obtained from exposure measurements and cataloged spectra. This approach relies mainly on the assumption that the real spectrum is correctly approximated by the cataloged one, once the main characteristics of the tube such as voltage, target material, anode angle, and filters are taken account of. In practice, all this information is not always available. Moreover, x-ray tubes with the same characteristics may have different spectra. We describe an apparatus that should be useful for quality control in hospitals and for characterizing new radiographic systems. The apparatus analyzes the spectrum generated by an x-ray mammographic unit. It is based on a commercial CZT produced by AMPTEK Inc. and a set of tungsten collimator disks. The electronics of the CZT are modified so as to obtain a faster response. The signal is digitized using an analog to digital converter with a sampling frequency of up to 20 MHz. The whole signal produced by the x-ray tube is acquired and analyzed off-line in order to accurately recognize pile-up events and reconstruct the emitted spectrum. The energy resolution has been determined using a calibrated x-ray source. Spectra were validated by comparison of the HVL measured using an ionization chamber.
authors.affiliation: Struttura Dipartimentale di Matematica e Fisica dell'Università di Sassari, Sezione INEN di Cagliari, Italy. stumbo@uniss.it
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stumbo
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bottigli
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Golosio
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Oliva
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tangaro
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008327:Mammography / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008904:Miniaturization; D008982:Molybdenum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000379:methods; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011874:Radiometry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D014965:X-Rays
chemical_list: D008982:Molybdenum