[Screening, prevention and early therapy of type 2 diabetics].
For each known diabetic at least one new patient is diagnosed when the 75-g OGTT is used for screening. For early diagnosis in high risk groups, the oral glucose tolerance test is indispensable since ca. 30% of the asymptomatic diabetes cases are identified on the basis of a 2-hour postchallenge glucose value of > 11.1 mmol/l. In controlled studies on persons with IGT, every second diabetes case could be prevented through lifestyle modifications beginning in childhood. Three-year studies showed that the incidence of diabetes could be reduced by about one-third with the medications acarbose, metformin and orlistat. The observation that statins, ACE inhibitors and AT1 blockers also contributed to a reduction of new diabetes cases was made in studies on the prevention of coronary heart diseases.
Hanefeld
M
M
Zentrum für Klinische Studien, Forschungsbereich Stoffwechsel und Endokrinologie, Dresden. hanefeld@gwtonline-zks.de
Köhler
C
C
D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D011322:Primary Prevention; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents