title: A cryogenic open-cavity sapphire reference oscillator with low spurious mode density.
abstract: In this paper, we describe the implementation of a microwave cryogenic sapphire oscillator (CSO) at the Laboratoire de Physique et Métrologie des Oscillateurs. In our realization we solved the problem of the spurious modes by operating the sapphire resonator in an open cavity. The CSO compared to a hydrogen maser demonstrates a frequency stability better than 3 x 10(-14) at short term. Its long-term frequency instability of the order of 3 x 10(-12)/day is limited by a random walk process. A first attempt to use this reference oscillator to characterize other signal sources is presented.
authors.affiliation: Departement Laboratoire de Physique et de Métrologie des Oscillateurs, Institut FEMTO-ST Unité Mixte de Recherche UMR 6174, F-25044 Besançon, France.
authors.forename: Pierre-Yves
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Bourgeois
authors.forename: Yann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kersalé
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bazin
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chaubet
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Giordano