title: Is Hispanic race an important predictor of treatment failure following radical prostatectomy for prostate cancer?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hispanic-Americans are the fastest growing minority group in the United States. Many studies have compared prostate cancer treatment outcomes between black and white men, but few such studies have been done with Hispanic men. We compared clinical and pathological features as well as the treatment failure rate of radical prostatectomy in contemporaneously treated groups of Hispanic and white men with prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1995 and 2002, 136 Hispanic men and 315 white men underwent radical prostatectomy. Treatment failure was defined as having a prostate specific antigen (PSA) of 0.2 or greater more than 8 weeks after surgery or receiving any adjuvant therapy. Known predictors of failure and race were evaluated for their ability to predict treatment failure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median followup was 32 months for Hispanic and 36 months for white patients. Hispanic men were older, had a higher percentage of abnormal rectal examinations, Gleason 7 tumors and preoperative PSA levels greater than 10. Preoperative PSA, specimen Gleason score, pathological stage and surgical margin were all strongly associated with treatment failure (p<0.001). Despite differences in clinical characteristics, overall failure rates did not differ between Hispanic and white men (18.7% vs 17.8%). The odds ratio for treatment failure for Hispanic relative to white men after adjusting for the previously mentioned risk factors was 0.87 (95% CI [0.44, 1.68], p = 0.670).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows that Hispanic race does not influence the treatment failure rate of radical prostatectomy in contemporaneously treated patients with prostate cancer at 1 institution. To our knowledge this study represents the largest of its kind, but longer followup and other confirmatory studies are needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Columbia University, New York, New York 10034, USA.
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Joshua D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Sclar
authors.forename: Manisha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.forename: Mahesh M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mansukhani
authors.forename: Mitchell C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Benson
authors.forename: Erik T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Goluboff
mesh_terms: D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017211:Treatment Failure; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen