title: Long-term health effects of repeated exposure to multiple vaccines.
abstract: The health of 155 former workers in a US military research program who had received multiple vaccines and 265 matched community controls was assessed. The study population was mostly male (83%) and elderly (median age, 69 years). Multiply immunized (MIP) subjects received vaccines and/or skin tests (median = 154) over a median of 17.3 years; interval from start of immunizations to survey completion was 15-55 years (mean = 43.1 years). MIP subjects characterized themselves as slightly less healthy than controls (P = 0.057). Fatigue (but no other symptom) was reported more frequently in the MIP group (P = 0.011), but was not associated with number of injections, number of vaccines, or time in program. No differences between MIP and control groups were seen for numerous self-reported medical conditions. Several statistically significant abnormalities were seen in clinical laboratory tests among MIP subjects, but none appeared to be clinically significant. A significant difference in frequency of monoclonal spikes and/or paraprotein peaks between MIP (12.5%) and control (4.5%) groups (RR = 2.7, P < 0.003) was observed; no associations with lifestyle, vaccine exposure, or medical conditions were found.
authors.affiliation: United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1425 Porter Street, Fort Detrick, Maryland 21702-5011, USA. phillip.pittman@amedd.army.mil
authors.forename: Phillip R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Pittman
authors.forename: Kevin M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Coonan
authors.forename: Paul H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Gibbs
authors.forename: Helen M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Timothy L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Cannon
authors.forename: Kelly T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: McKee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008889:Military Personnel; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014612:Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D014612:Vaccines