Demographic factors that influence the neutralizing antibody response in recipients of recombinant HIV-1 gp120 vaccines.
We compared neutralizing antibody responses in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 gp120 vaccine recipients by age, sex, and race. Four phase 1 or 2 trials involving 505 vaccinated subjects were analyzed. Age and sex had no detectable effect on neutralizing antibody responses. However, race influenced the response to one vaccine, MN gp120, in alum. Four inoculations with this vaccine generated higher serum titers of neutralizing antibodies in African Americans than in whites. Despite potent neutralization of T cell line-adapted HIV-1, serum from these African Americans failed to neutralize primary HIV-1 isolates. Neutralizing antibody responses did not differ between races when SF2 gp120 in MF-59 was administered either alone or with recombinant canarypox vCP205; they also did not differ when vCP1452 was administered either alone or with AIDSVAX B/B in alum. These data indicate that race may affect the neutralizing antibody response to some gp120 immunogens. To fully evaluate immunogenicity, clinical trials of candidate vaccines should enroll diverse populations of subjects.
Montefiori
David C
DC
Department of Surgery, Laboratory for AIDS Vaccine Research and Development, Duke University Medical Center, PO Box 2926, Durham, NC 27710, USA. monte@acpub.duke.edu
Metch
Barbara
B
McElrath
M Juliana
MJ
Self
Steve
S
Weinhold
Kent J
KJ
Corey
Lawrence
L
D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D001741:Black or African American; D000367:Age Factors; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000208:ethnology / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D014611:Vaccination; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology; D044465:White People
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic