Diarrhoea and garbage disposal in Salvador, Brazil.
The association of infantile diarrhoea with the presence of garbage in the environment was investigated in Canabrava, a peripheral neighbourhood of Salvador, northeast of Brazil. A cross-sectional study was conducted with all the 184 children aged less than two years residing in Canabrava, which is located close to the city garbage dump. Variables selected for study included the method used for the disposal of excrement, type of floor, mother's education, unemployment of the head of the family, regularity of the water supply, presence of toilet, storage of garbage inside the house, age, gender, duration of breastfeeding, and the number of people per room. The estimated prevalence of diarrhoea was 21.2%. Exposure to garbage in the environment was found to be the most important factor associated with diarrhoea (adjusted odds ratio [AOR] = 3.98, 95% CI 1.56-10.13). Other important variables were the mother's education (AOR = 2.79, 95% CI 1.09-7.13), maternal breastfeeding (AOR = 2.30, 95% CI 1.05-5.04), and unemployment of the head of the family (AOR = 2.09, 95% CI 0.93-4.69). These findings indicate the necessity of adopting solutions in the public domain and of intersectorial policies for the reduction of diarrhoea.
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Departamento de Medicina Preventiva da Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Av. Reitor Miguel Calmon, s/n, Vale do Canela, Salvador, BA, CEP 40110-100, Brazil. ritarego@ufba.br
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D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D001942:Breast Feeding; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003968:Diarrhea, Infantile / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D004522:Educational Status; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D014038:Toilet Facilities; D014478:Unemployment; D014881:Water Supply