title: Self-report of prostatitis and its risk factors in a random sample of middle-aged men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the risk factors for the self-reported history of prostatitis and to determine whether a self-reported history of prostatitis is related to the diagnosis of prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Random digit dialing was used to select a group of controls aged 40 to 64 years without prostate cancer matched by age with a group of patients with prostate cancer in a study on the epidemiology of prostate cancer. Controls were divided into those who reported a diagnosis of prostatitis (cases) and those who denied ever having had prostatitis (controls). We adjusted for the time from a prostatitis diagnosis to the in-person interview. We also compared the number of men with a prostatitis diagnosis to the number of men diagnosed and not diagnosed with prostate cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 645 control men without a history of prostate cancer, 58 (9.0%) reported a diagnosis of prostatitis. The men with prostatitis had a mean age of 39.5 years at diagnosis. The urinary symptoms among prostatitis cases and controls was similar. Prostatitis cases more frequently reported urinary (P < or =0.05) or urethral infections (P < or =0.01) before diagnosis. Men with prostatitis were more likely to have procedures aimed at diagnosing both prostatic and other diseases. Men with prostate cancer reported a diagnosis of prostatitis more often than the noncancer controls (13.6% versus 9.0%). After controlling for the number of prostate-specific antigen tests this difference disappeared.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nine percent of a randomly selected group of middle-aged men reported they had been diagnosed with prostatitis. The prevalence of a prostatitis diagnosis is similar in men with and without prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Washington School of Medicine; Seattle, Washington 98195-6510, USA.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rothman
authors.forename: Janet L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Stanford
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kuniyuki
authors.forename: Richard E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Berger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003955:Diagnostic Tests, Routine; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008487:Medical History Taking; D008875:Middle Aged; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011472:Prostatitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D014861:Washington