title: SMAC/Diablo-dependent apoptosis induced by nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) in colon cancer cells.
abstract: Nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) form a paradigm for the chemoprevention of cancer, preventing colonic tumor progression in both experimental animals and humans. However, the mechanisms underlying the antineoplastic effects of NSAIDs are currently unclear. We found that the mitochondrial second mitochondrial-derived activator of caspase (SMAC)/direct inhibitor of apoptosis protein-binding protein with low pI (Diablo) protein translocates into the cytosol during NSAID-induced apoptosis in colon cancer cells. When SMAC/Diablo is disrupted by homologous recombination and RNA interference in these cells, the NSAID-induced apoptosis is abrogated. Biochemical markers of apoptosis, such as caspase activation, cytosolic release of cytochrome c and apoptosis-inducing factor, and mitochondrial membrane potential change, are accordingly decreased. These results establish that SMAC/Diablo is essential for the apoptosis induced by NSAIDs in colon cancer cells.
authors.affiliation: Sidney Kimmel Comprehensive Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21231, USA.
authors.forename: Manu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kohli
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Seaman
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bardelli
authors.forename: Kenneth W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Kinzler
authors.forename: Bert
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vogelstein
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lengauer
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D051033:Apoptosis Inducing Factor; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D001483:Base Sequence; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D017931:DNA Primers; D005420:Flavoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C494829:AIFM1 protein, human; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D051033:Apoptosis Inducing Factor; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C412403:DIABLO protein, human; D017931:DNA Primers; D005420:Flavoproteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D045304:Cytochromes c