title: [Hypermethylation of the death-associated protein kinase promoter in laryngeal squamous cell cancer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the relationship between hypermethylation of the promoter of death-associated protein kinase (DAPK) gene and laryngeal squamous cell cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Promoter hypermethylation and mRNA expression of DAPK gene were detected by methylation-specific PCR, RT-PCR and gene sequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 58 patients with laryngeal squamous cell cancer, hypermethylation of DAPK promoter was detected in 39 cases (67.2%). There was no significant difference in hypermethylation in relation to pathological grade and clinical staging, but a highly significant difference was observed between patients with and without lymph node metastasis (N0 and N1) (P < 0.001). DAPK promoter hypermethylation was detected in tumor adjacent tissues in 6 of the 58 cases. DAPK mRNA was not expressed in all laryngeal squamous cell cancers having hypermethylation of DAPK promoter, whereas it was expressed in normal laryngeal mucosa, laryngeal squamous cell cancers without hypermethylation and tumor adjacent tissues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypermethylation of DAPK promoter is associated with loss of its transcription in laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma. The high frequency hypermethylation of DAPK promoter illustrates its potential clinical application as tumor marker for diagnosis and prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Union Hospital of Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
authors.forename: Song
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wei-Jia
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D019175:DNA Methylation; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D064550:Death-Associated Protein Kinases; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D007830:Larynx / Q000201:enzymology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D064550:Death-Associated Protein Kinases; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases