title: HIV-1 Env-specific cytotoxic T-lymphocyte responses in exposed, uninfected Kenyan sex workers: a prospective analysis.
abstract: The prospective significance of HIV-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) responses in highly exposed, persistently seronegative populations is unknown. In 1996-1997 we screened for CTL responses against HIV clade B Env in 39 recently enrolled Kenyan female sex workers, and followed these women prospectively. Annual HIV incidence was 5.8%. CTL were independently associated with age and recent HIV-1 exposure,but were not prospectively associated with protection in a multivariable model that included HIV-1 exposure and duration of sex work.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, University of Nairobi, Nairobi, Kenya.
authors.forename: Rupert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaul
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rutherford
authors.forename: Sarah L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Rowland-Jones
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kimani
authors.forename: James Isaiah
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Onyango
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fowke
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: MacDonald
authors.forename: Job J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Bwayo
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: McMichael
authors.forename: Francis A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Plummer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D015752:Genes, env / Q000276:immunology*; D018023:HIV Seronegativity / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007630:Kenya; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011477:Sex Work / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology*