title: Effect of a short antibiotic treatment with roxithromycin on circulating adhesion molecules after coronary stenting: a single-center pilot trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to assess the effect of periprocedural antibiotic treatment with roxithromycin on circulating cell adhesion molecules and restenosis after coronary stent implantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case-control study enrolling 25 consecutive patients submitted to coronary stenting for stable, single-vessel coronary artery disease, treated with 300 mg roxithromycin once daily for 5 days, starting 2 days before the procedure (group R). Twenty-five patients, matched for lesion site, length and diameter, as control group (group C). The serological status for Chlamydia pneumoniae (CP) infection (IgG, ELISA) was assessed in all patients. The plasma concentrations of soluble intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), E-selectin and C-reactive protein at 1 month after coronary stenting were compared with baseline values. Binary restenosis (> or = 50%) was also evaluated at 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  sICAM-1 significantly decreased at 1 month in group R vs group C (371 +/- 181 vs 573 +/- 273 ng/ml, p = 0.005). This decrease was more evident in patients with a positive serology for CP (CP+) (group R 373 +/- 131 vs group C 597 +/- 255 ng/ml, p = 0.014). Antibiotic treatment had no effects on circulating E-selectin levels at 1 month (56.7 +/- 97 vs 49.8 +/- 62 ng/ml, p = 0.54). The restenosis rate (9/50, 18%) was similar in the two groups (group R 5/25 [20%], group C 4/25 [16%]). The restenosis rate was similar in the CP+ vs CP- group (6/35 [17%] vs 3/15 [20%]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A short course of treatment with roxithromycin at the time of coronary stenting induces a significant reduction in the sICAM-1 levels at 1 month but apparently does not influence the restenosis rate.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Civic Hospital, Legnano (MI), Italy. pietrovandoni@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vandoni
authors.forename: Benedetto
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Morelli
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lazzati
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Citterio
authors.forename: Arnaldo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Poli
authors.forename: Raffaela
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fetiveau
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: D'Urbano
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cafiero
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Viganò
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Servi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011336:Probability; D018570:Risk Assessment; D015575:Roxithromycin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D015575:Roxithromycin