title: The vascular relaxing effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane are more important in hypertensive than in normotensive rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The vascular response to anesthetics is altered in hypertensive patients since the functional and structural integrities of vascular smooth muscle and endothelium are deranged. The effects of anesthetics on angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced changes in vascular tone are not well understood. We investigated the effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane on Ang II-induced vasoconstriction in spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR).
  
  
  METHODS
  The dose-dependent effects of sevoflurane and isoflurane on the Ang II-induced contraction of aortic rings, in the presence and absence of an intact endothelium, were investigated in normotensive Wistar-Kyoto rats (WKY) and SHR and compared using isometric force transducers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ang II (10(-9)-10(-6) M) induced a similar transient phasic contraction of endothelium-intact rings from the two rat strains in a dose-dependent manner. Removal of the endothelium augmented the Ang II-elicited phasic contraction, to a greater extent in the SHR group than in the WKY group. Sevoflurane and isoflurane (1-3 minimum alveolar concentration) concentration-dependently inhibited the Ang II-induced contraction of endothelium-intact rings from WKY; an effect that was greatly enhanced following removal of the endothelium. A greater degree of attenuation of the Ang II-induced contraction of both endothelium-intact and -denuded rings by the two anesthetics was observed in the SHR group. The inhibitory effects of isoflurane on the Ang II-induced contraction of aortic rings from both strains appeared to be stronger than that of sevoflurane at equipotent concentrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our finding that the inhibitory effects of isoflurane and sevoflurane on Ang II-induced vasoconstriction are enhanced in SHR may, at least in part, account for the anesthesia-induced systemic hypotension frequently seen in hypertensive patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Wakayama Medical University, 811 - 1 Kimiidera, Wakayama City 641-0012, Japan.
authors.forename: Jingui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tokinaga
authors.forename: Shizue
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwahashi
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hatano
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects*; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000804:Angiotensin II; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D007530:Isoflurane