title: Contributions of gender and systemic estradiol and testosterone concentrations to maximal secretagogue drive of burst-like growth hormone secretion in healthy middle-aged and older adults.
abstract: To test whether concentrations of estradiol and testosterone predict GH responses to mechanistically distinct secretagogues in healthy older adults, we studied 16 volunteers (n = 10 men, n = 6 women, age 49-72 yr) in each of six randomly ordered sessions as follows: 1) saline; 2) l-arginine; 3) aerobic exercise; 4) GHRH; 5) GH-releasing peptide (GHRP)-2; and 6) somatostatin-induced rebound. Statistical comparisons disclosed that stimulus type (P < 0.001) and the interaction between gender and stimulus type (P = 0.023) determine GH secretion. In women, each secretagogue, except exercise and somatostatin-induced rebound, stimulated GH secretion by 2.6- to 6.4-fold over saline/rest (P < 0.023). In men, somatostatin-induced rebound drove GH secretion by 4.6-fold (P = 0.004), exercise by 16-fold (P < 0.001), and other secretagogues by 18- to 109-fold over saline/rest (each P < 0.001). Gender comparisons disclosed greater GH secretion in men than women after somatostatin-induced rebound (P = 0.008) and GHRP-2 injection (P < 0.001) and conversely greater GH secretion in women than men after saline (P = 0.013). Regression analysis showed that individual concentrations of estradiol (r = 0.80, P = 0.002) and testosterone (r = 0.63, P = 0.008) and their combination (r = 0.86, P < 0.001) strongly predict responses to GHRP-2 only. We conclude that among healthy middle-aged and older adults, the action of GHRP is uniquely determined by gender and physiological concentrations of testosterone and estradiol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Medical and Graduate Schools of Medicine, General Clinical Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. veldhuis.johannes@mayo.edu
authors.forename: Johannes D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Veldhuis
authors.forename: James T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Patrie
authors.forename: Kimberly T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Brill
authors.forename: Judith Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Weltman
authors.forename: Eugenio E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: Cyril Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Bowers
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Weltman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D001120:Arginine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D013739:Testosterone; D004958:Estradiol; D013004:Somatostatin; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone; D001120:Arginine