title: Enological and genetic traits of Saccharomyces cerevisiae isolated from former and modern wineries.
abstract: Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains isolated from two different wineries in central Italy were subjected to enological and molecular characterization to investigate the influence of the winery environment. One of the selected wineries is a modern, working winery, whereas the second one was abandoned since 1914 and was located in an artificial cavern. The results obtained by our analysis of the fermentation traits underline the selectivity of the winery environment (winery effect), since strains isolated from the industrial winery showed higher values for characters typically subjected to selective pressure, such as maximum capability to produce ethanol, fermentation rate and SO(2) resistance. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE), random amplification of polymorphic DNA (RAPD)-PCR and SAU-PCR were carried out to assesss genetic differences between the two populations studied. Only RAPD-PCR could distinguish between the two populations based on their provenience, whereas PFGE and SAU-PCR gave profiles shared between strains isolated from the industrial and former winery. Moreover, analysis of the karyotypes suggested the presence of chromosomal-length polymorphism; differences in the size and number of chromosomes between the two groups of isolates, as well as within each group, were observed.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze degli Alimenti, Università di Udine, via Marangoni 97, 33100 Udine, Italy.
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cocolin
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pepe
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Comitini
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Comi
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ciani
mesh_terms: D015825:Chromosomes, Fungal; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D005285:Fermentation; D007621:Karyotyping; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D019105:Random Amplified Polymorphic DNA Technique; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D014920:Wine / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal