title: Graves' disease in DiGeorge syndrome: patient report with a review of endocrine autoimmunity associated with 22q11.2 deletion.
abstract: DiGeorge syndrome, which falls within a wider phenotypic spectrum associated with deletions of 22q11.2, is associated with a number of endocrine disorders. These include hypoparathyroidism, hypothyroidism and growth hormone deficiency. We report an unusual case of autoimmune hyperthyroidism (Graves' disease) presenting in a 3 year-old male with DiGeorge syndrome. The development of endocrine specific autoimmune disease in a syndrome associated with immune deficiency and the spectrum of endocrine autoimmunity associated with deletions of 22q11.2 are described. Paediatricians and patients with 22q11.2 deletions should be particularly aware of the risks of developing disorders of thyroid function.
authors.affiliation: Royal Children 's Hospital, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. justin.brown@mcri.edu.au
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Datta
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Browning
authors.forename: P G F
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Swift
mesh_terms: D013956:Antithyroid Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000002:abnormalities; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D002231:Carbimazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002892:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 / Q000235:genetics*; D004062:DiGeorge Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics*; D004700:Endocrine System Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D006343:Heart Septal Defects / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D012008:Recurrence
chemical_list: D013956:Antithyroid Agents; D001323:Autoantibodies; D002231:Carbimazole