title: An efficient method for the fabrication of temperature-sensitive hydrogel microactuators.
abstract: In this article a new method for the photolithographical deposition of temperature-sensitive hydrogels is presented. The method can be used in conjunction with standard 365 nm UV-photolithography to accurately dimension and position temperature-sensitive hydrogel microactuators in a highly parallel fashion. A number of characteristics of the hydrogels were investigated. These include: the photolithographical reproduction quality, the effect of the crosslinking density in the hydrogels on their swelling behavior, the swelling hysteresis behavior, the effect of dimensional constraints on the swelling of the hydrogels and the effect of copolymerization with an ionizable comonomer on the temperature behavior of the hydrogels. The method presents a considerable improvement in the microfabrication of temperature-sensitive hydrogel microactuators and has potential for the mass-fabrication of these interesting microactuators.
authors.affiliation: Biosensors, Faculty of Electronics, Mathematics and Informatics, Twente University, 7500AE Enschede, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Heiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van der Linden
authors.forename: Wouter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Olthuis
authors.forename: Piet
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bergveld
mesh_terms: D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D008422:Materials Testing; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D044085:Microfluidics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D008904:Miniaturization / Q000379:methods; D008968:Molecular Conformation / Q000528:radiation effects; D009038:Motion; D010781:Photography / Q000379:methods*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D020100:Hydrogels