title: The p75 neurotrophin receptor appears in plasma in diabetic rats-characterisation of a potential early test for neuropathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study tested the premise that immunoreactivity representing the p75 neurotrophin receptor (p75(NTR)) appears in plasma of diabetic rats in association with the early stages of neuronal dysfunction or damage. We also examined whether treatment beneficial to neuropathy might reduce the p75(NTR) immunoreactivity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma proteins were fractionated by SDS-PAGE and immunoblots exposed to p75(NTR) antibody, using receptor protein from cultured PC12 cells as an external standard. Rats were made diabetic with streptozotocin for various periods and exsanguinated. Plasma glucose, HbA(1)c and plasma proteins were determined. We also studied plasma samples from diabetic mice lacking the gene coding for p75(NTR), as well as the effect of sciatic nerve crush on healthy male Wistar rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma p75(NTR) immunoreactivity began to exceed normal levels at 8 weeks after induction of diabetes, and was significantly raised at 10 (p<0.05) and 12 weeks (p<0.001). Treatment between 8 and 12 weeks with insulin, fidarestat (an aldose reductase inhibitor), nerve growth factor and neurotrophin 3 all normalised the plasma p75(NTR) immunoreactivity. Plasma from p75(NTR) (-/-) mice contained no such immunoreactivity, though it was present in plasma from wild-type mice. Following nerve crush, p75(NTR) immunoreactivity appeared in plasma of non-diabetic mice, indicating that this can be a result of nerve trauma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These observations suggest that plasma p75(NTR) immunoreactivity may serve as an early indicator of neuronal dysfunction or damage in diabetes. The time course of its appearance relates well to that of early neuropathy and its response to interventions that are neuroprotective suggests that it might mirror neurological status.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neuroscience, Faculty of Life Sciences, University of Manchester, Stopford Building, Oxford Road, Manchester, M13 9PT, UK.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chilton
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Middlemas
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gardiner
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Tomlinson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020800:Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor / Q000097:blood*; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D020800:Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor