title: Glutamate-evoked redox state alterations are involved in tissue transglutaminase upregulation in primary astrocyte cultures.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the involvement of oxidative stress in glutamate-evoked transglutaminase (TGase) upregulation in astrocyte cultures (14 DIV). A 24 h exposure to glutamate caused a dose-dependent depletion of glutathione intracellular content and increased the ROS production in cell cultures. These effects were receptor-mediated, as demonstrated by inhibition with GYKI 52466. The pre-incubation with glutathione ethyl ester or cysteamine recovered oxidative status and was effective in significantly reducing glutamate-increased tissue TGase. These data suggest that tissue TGase upregulation may be part of a biochemical response to oxidative stress induced by a prolonged exposure of astrocyte cultures to glutamate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria, 6, 95100 Catania, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Campisi
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Caccamo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li Volti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Currò
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Parisi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Avola
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vanella
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ientile
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D011503:Transglutaminases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D005978:Glutathione