title: Proton magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging in brain tumor diagnosis.
abstract: The current state of standard tumor diagnostics using contrast-enhanced MRI and biopsy is assessed in this review, and the progress of proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS) over the last 15 years is discussed. We summarize MRS basics and describe a typical magnetic resonance session for noninvasive routine tumor diagnostics at 1.5 T, including two-dimensional magnetic resonance spectroscopic imaging (MRSI). The results that can be obtained from such procedures are illustrated with clinical examples. Attention is turned to cutting-edge methodologic and clinical research at 3 T, with examples using high-resolution or very short echo-time three-dimensional MRSI. The current status and limitations in proton MRSI are discussed, and we look to the potential of faster data collection and even higher field strength.
authors.affiliation: Magnetic Resonance Centre of Excellence, Medical University of Vienna, Lazarettgasse 14, A-1090 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gruber
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stadlbauer
authors.forename: Vladimir
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mlynarik
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gatterbauer
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Roessler
authors.forename: Ewald
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D005910:Glioma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D011522:Protons; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D011522:Protons