title: Osteomyelitis of the rib due to Streptococcus pneumoniae: a very rare condition in children.
abstract: Rib osteomyelitis is a rare disease. We present a previously unreported case of Streptococcus pneumoniae osteomyelitis of the rib. A 4-month-old-infant presented with fever, irritability and abdominal tenderness. Pericostal collection was discovered incidentally on ultrasound; it was first drained by needle aspiration and appropriate antibiotic therapy was given, with resolution of fever in 24 h, but recurrence of symptoms 4 days later, with swelling over the affected rib. Surgical drainage with resection of the infected portion of the rib were done followed by a prolonged course of intravenous and then oral antibiotics, without any recurrence at 6 months follow-up. A review of the pertinent literature was made. This case demonstrates that the spectrum of pathogens potentially responsible for rib osteomyelitis may be broader than previously reported. The management and outcome are similar to rib osteomyelitis due to any other bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hôtel-Dieu de France Hospital, Saint Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kalouche
authors.forename: Ismat
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ghanem
authors.forename: Khalil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kharrat
authors.forename: Fernand
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dagher
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004322:Drainage / Q000379:methods; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000628:therapy; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D011859:Radiography; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D035583:Rare Diseases; D012272:Ribs / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents