title: Relevance of Frank's solvent classification as typically aqueous and typically non-aqueous to activities of firefly luciferase, alcohol dehydrogenase, and alpha-chymotrypsin in aqueous binaries.
abstract: Effects of cosolvent concentration on activity of fire fly luciferase, alpha-chymotrypsin, and alcohol dehydrogenase from baker's yeast (Saccharomyces cerevisiae) have been studied for several solvents with varying hydrophobicities (logP from +1.0 to -1.65) and polarities (dielectric constant from 7.4 to 109). The inhibitory effect of the cosolvent is examined in light of Frank's classification of solvents into 'typically aqueous (TA)' and 'typically non-aqueous (TNA).' The solvent concentration at which the enzyme activity decreases to half, the C(50) values, for TA solvents such as 1-cyclohexyl-2-pyrrolidinone, 2-butoxyethanol, 1-methyl-2-pyrrolidinone, tetrahydrofuran, t-butanol, and ethanol correlate quite well with their critical hydrophobic interaction concentration, rather than logP, while those for TNA solvents such as acetonitrile, dimethyl formamide, formamide, and dimethyl sulfoxide correlate well with logP. The interactions of TA solvents with proteins appear to be governed mainly by hydrophobic interactions while both hydrophobic and hydrophilic interactions play important role in case of TNA solvents.
authors.affiliation: Biotransformations Laboratory, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, CCMB Campus, Habsiguda, Hyderabad 500007, India. fadnavisnw@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Nitin Wasantrao
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Fadnavis
authors.forename: Ramanujam
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seshadri
authors.forename: Gurrala
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sheelu
authors.forename: Kallakunta Vasantha
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Madhuri
mesh_terms: D000097:Acetonitriles / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002021:Buffers; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002918:Chymotrypsin / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002942:Circular Dichroism; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D004126:Dimethylformamide / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005026:Ethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D048888:Fireflies / Q000201:enzymology; D005559:Formamides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005663:Furans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D007700:Kinetics; D049409:Luciferases, Firefly / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D020002:tert-Butyl Alcohol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000097:Acetonitriles; D002021:Buffers; D005026:Ethylene Glycols; D005559:Formamides; D005663:Furans; D011760:Pyrrolidinones; D012997:Solvents; D014867:Water; D000431:Ethanol; C018674:tetrahydrofuran; C031066:formamide; D004126:Dimethylformamide; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000426:Alcohol Dehydrogenase; D049409:Luciferases, Firefly; D002918:Chymotrypsin; C117608:alpha-chymotrypsin; C017096:n-butoxyethanol; C038678:N-methylpyrrolidone; D020002:tert-Butyl Alcohol; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide; C032159:acetonitrile