title: Velocardiofacial syndrome with single central incisor.
abstract: Three siblings and their mother are reported who all had cytogenetically proven velocardiofacial syndrome (VCFS). One boy had normal dental and craniofacial findings, except for an increased cranial base angle. His sister had only one central incisor in the maxilla. One central incisor had also been missing in the primary dentition. She had no labial frenulum present. Cephalometry showed a small maxillary unit length indicating mild maxillary hypoplasia, an increased anterior face height, steep mandibular plane angle, retruded chin, and a large cranial base angle. Dental measurements showed retroclined lower incisors and increased interincisal angle. A second sister had a cleft of the secondary palate. All permanent teeth were present with the exception of a missing central incisor in the lower jaw: the single lower central incisor was situated in the midline. Her cephalometry showed similar findings as in her sister. All three siblings required palate surgery for speech. Mother was not available for detailed dental and other oral investigations. A single maxillary central incisor has previously been reported in VCFS, but to our knowledge a single central incisor in the mandible has not been reported previously in this entity.
authors.affiliation: Center for Craniofacial Anomalies, School of Dentistry, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA.
authors.forename: Snehlata
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oberoi
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Vargervik
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002892:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 / Q000235:genetics; D019465:Craniofacial Abnormalities; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000002:abnormalities*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D035781:Siblings; D013577:Syndrome; D014681:Velopharyngeal Insufficiency / Q000473:pathology*