title: Triplex operation for portal hypertension with esophageal variceal bleeding: report of 140 cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Portal hypertension is a common disease. The surgical therapy of this disease focuses on the resultant upper digestive tract bleeding, which can imperil patients' life directly. This study was to evaluate the effect of triplex operation (mesocaval C shunt with artificial graft, ligation of the coronary vein and splenic artery) on portal hypertension and its associated upper digestive tract bleeding.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study was made on clinical data of 140 patients undergoing triplex operation, who had suffered from portal hypertension and upper digestive tract bleeding.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperative portal pressure was 25-43 cmH2O(preoperative portal pressure 27-45 cmH2O) with the average reduction of 10 cmH2O. One patient (0.7%) died of cerebrovascular disease. Five patients (3.5%) suffered from mild hepatic encephalopathy, which was ameliorated through conservative treatment. Lymphatic fistula occurred in 3 patients (2.1%) who recovered without treatment 5, 10 days and 3 months after operation respectively. One hundred patients were followed up for 1 month to 6 years without recurrent hemorrhage or hepatic encephalopathy. Hypersplenism and ascites disappeared in 70 patients (70%) and 80 patients (80%) respectively. A significant reduction of ascites was seen in 12 patients(12%). The artificial vessels remained unblocking detected by B type ultrasonography and Doppler sonography in 95 patients(95%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Triplex operation is suitable for patients with the following portal hypertensions: portal hypertension caused by simple occlusion of the hepatic vein (a pathological type of Budd-Chiari syndrome); thrombosis of the portal vein or prehepatic portal hypertension because of cavernous transformation; intrahepatic portal hypertension with rebleeding after splenectomy or non-operation, and those patients with liver function in grade A or B according to the Child-Pugh classification.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450052, China.
authors.forename: Liu-Shun
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qi-Ping
authors.initials: QP
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Xiu-Xian
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Yong-Fu
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Pei-Qin
authors.initials: PQ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Xiao-Ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000601:surgery; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D006975:Hypertension, Portal / Q000150:complications* / Q000601:surgery*; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011170:Portasystemic Shunt, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013157:Splenic Artery / Q000601:surgery; D014680:Veins / Q000601:surgery