title: Effect of multiple-load training on the force-velocity relationship.
abstract: The effect of training with a combination of different loads (multiple-load training) on the force-velocity and force-power relationships was examined with training programs that included maximal isometric contraction (Fmax) and concentric contraction of the elbow flexor muscles. Twenty-one male college students were placed into 3 equal training groups (G(30 + 60), G(30 + 100), and G(30 + 60 + 100)) and performed multiple-load training 3 days per week for 8 weeks. The training load was a set fraction of the maximal isometric strength (% Fmax). The G(30 + 60) group performed 6 repetitions of elbow flexion at 30 and 60% Fmax. The G(30 + 100) group performed 6 repetitions at 30% Fmax and six 5-second Fmax loads. The G(30 + 60 + 100) group performed 4 repetitions at 30 and 60% Fmax and four 5-second Fmax loads. After training, Fmax and maximal velocity significantly increased (p < 0.05) in all 3 training groups. The increases in maximal power were significantly (p < 0.05) different between the G(30 + 60 + 100) group (52.9%) and the G(30 + 100) group (24.2%). These results suggest that multiple-load training programs with 4-6 repetitions are effective for improving muscle power and velocity of the elbow flexors.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Health and Sport Sciences, Osaka University of Health and Sport Sciences, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toji
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaneko
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004551:Elbow Joint / Q000502:physiology*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D010806:Physical Education and Training / Q000379:methods*