title: The relevance of intraventricular chemotherapy for leptomeningeal metastasis in breast cancer: a randomised study.
abstract: To assess the benefit of intraventricular chemotherapy, patients with leptomeningeal metastasis (LM) from breast cancer were randomised to treatment including intraventricular (IT) chemotherapy (n=17) or to non-intrathecal (non-IT) treatment (n=18). Appropriate systemic therapy and involved field radiation therapy (RT) were given in both arms. Intention-to-treat analysis showed neurological improvement or stabilisation in 59% of the IT and in 67% of the non-IT group, with median time to progression of 23 weeks (IT) and 24 weeks (non-IT). Median survival of IT patients was 18.3 weeks and 30.3 weeks for non-IT patients (difference 12.9 weeks; 95% Confidence Interval (CI) -5.5 to +34.3 weeks; P=0.32). Neurological complications of treatment occurred in 47% (IT) vs 6% (non-IT) (P=0.0072). In conclusion, standard systemic chemotherapy with involved field RT for LM from breast cancer is feasible. Addition of intraventricular chemotherapy does not lead to survival benefit or improved neurological response, and is associated with an increased risk of neurotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuro-Oncology, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands. w.boogerd@nki.nl
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Boogerd
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: van den Bent
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Koehler
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Heimans
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: van der Sande
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Aaronson
authors.forename: A A M
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Benraadt
authors.forename: Ch J
authors.initials: ChJ
authors.lastname: Vecht
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D007278:Injections, Spinal; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000556:secondary; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D008727:Methotrexate