title: Synthesis and herbicidal activity of novel heterocyclic protoporphyrinogen oxidase inhibitors.
abstract: Protox inhibitors are applied as foliar sprays, thus causing very rapid cellular collapse and desiccation of many troublesome weeds in the presence of light. In many respects, they appear to be ideal herbicides, because they act rapidly and do not harm mammals under normal conditions. The main limitation to their widespread adoption is that few crops are naturally resistant to them. Crop tolerance has mainly been pursued with the synthesis of the cyclic imide classes containing 5- and 6-membered heterocycles, including pyrazole, pyridazine, 1,2,4-triazine, triazolinone and trifluoromethyluracil derivatives. Because of their structural novelties and biological performance, active investigations on heterocyclic protox inhibitors have been carried out in our laboratories and we have found 3-arylpyrroles to be a new class of light-activated, membrane-disrupting herbicides. They are active on both grass and broadleaf weeds at low rates. The synthesis and structure-activity relationships are presented.
authors.affiliation: Isagro Ricerca Srl, via Fauser 4, 28100 Novara, Italy. gmeazza@isagroricerca.it
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Meazza
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bettarini
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: La Porta
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Piccardi
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Signorini
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Portoso
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fornara
mesh_terms: D006540:Herbicides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D010945:Plants, Edible; D050768:Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides; D011758:Pyrroles; D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; D050768:Protoporphyrinogen Oxidase