title: Dental trait anxiety and pain sensitivity as predictors of expected and experienced pain in stressful dental procedures.
abstract: A prevailing hypothesis suggests that exaggerated pain expectations in dentally anxious and pain-sensitive patients might usually be disconfirmed by a lower level of pain experienced during treatment. The present study was conducted to investigate whether this contention also holds during stressful dental procedures. Patients reporting high and low levels of dental fear and of pain sensitivity were compared in their expected and experienced pain and in the concordance between the two measures. Participants were 97 patients undergoing extraction and root canal treatment. The measuring instruments used were the Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS), the Pain Sensitivity Index (PSI), affective and sensory pain descriptor scales, and a numerical pain-intensity scale. The results demonstrated that patients, in general, expected more pain than they subsequently experienced. Subjects with a high DAS score both expected and experienced more pain than those with a low DAS score. Within the group of subjects with a high DAS score, those indicating high pain sensitivity expected and experienced more pain than their counterparts; additionally, only those reporting low pain sensitivity disconfirmed their high pain expectancies. The results suggest that during stressful dental procedures, patients indicating dental anxiety and pain sensitivity above median levels are especially at risk of stabilizing exaggerated pain expectations and dental fear.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Johannes Gutenberg-University, Augustusplatz 2, 55101 Mainz, Germany. Klages@kieferortho.klinik.uni-mainz.de
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Klages
authors.forename: Ozlem
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ulusoy
authors.forename: Simin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kianifard
authors.forename: Heinrich
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wehrbein
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology; D001294:Attitude to Health; D016854:Dental Anxiety / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017288:Pain Threshold / Q000502:physiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012390:Root Canal Therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000523:psychology*