Understanding valvular heart disease in patients with systemic autoimmune diseases.
Specific systemic autoimmune diseases are associated with distict valvular heart disorders. We discuss the valvular disorders associated with rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, antiphospholipid antibody syndrome, the seronegative spondyloarthropathies, the systemic vasculitides, and scleroderma.
Maksimowicz-McKinnon
Kathleen
K
Department of Rheumatology, University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
Mandell
Brian F
BF
D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans