title: Inhibition of the endothelial cell activation by antithrombin in vitro.
abstract: We examined whether antithrombin (AT) inhibits tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha-induced endothelial cell activation to elucidate molecular mechanism(s) of the anti-inflammatory activity of AT. AT inhibited the increase in E-selectin expression in cultured human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) stimulated with TNF-alpha. In contrast, chemically modified AT that lacks affinity for heparin did not. AT inhibited the TNF-alpha-induced interaction of NF-kappaB p65 with p300, a homologue of cAMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB)-binding protein (CBP). AT increased both intracellular levels of cAMP and binding of phosphorylated-CREB to DNA in HUVECs. Forskolin showed the inhibitory effect similar to that of AT and pretreatment of HUVECs with KT-5720, an inhibitor of protein kinase A, reversed the inhibitory effect of AT. These observations suggested that AT inhibited the TNF-alpha-induced increase in E-selectin expression in HUVECs by inhibiting the interaction of NF-kappaB with CBP/p300 through cAMP-dependent protein kinase A-induced CREB activation. This inhibitory activity of AT might depend on its binding to heparin-like substances on the endothelial cell. Such an inhibitory effect of AT on TNF-alpha-induced endothelial cell activation might at least partly contribute to its anti-inflammatory activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Honjo 1-1-1, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uchiba
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okajima
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kaun
authors.forename: Johann
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wojta
authors.forename: Bernd R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Binder
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000991:Antithrombins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006493:Heparin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011485:Protein Binding; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D014471:Umbilical Veins / Q000166:cytology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000991:Antithrombins; D002227:Carbazoles; D019040:E-Selectin; D007211:Indoles; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D011758:Pyrroles; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D005576:Colforsin; C057416:KT 5720; D006493:Heparin; D004247:DNA; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases