title: Isolation of putative glycoprotein gene from early somatic embryo of carrot and its possible involvement in somatic embryo development.
abstract: Somatic embryogenesis is a unique process in plant cells. For example, embryogenic cells (EC) of carrot (Daucus carota) maintained in a medium containing 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D) regenerate whole plants via somatic embryogenesis after the depletion of 2,4-D. Although some genes such as C-ABI3 and C-LEC1 have been found to be involved in somatic embryogenesis, the critical molecular and cellular mechanisms for somatic embryogenesis are unknown. To characterize the early mechanism in the induction of somatic embryogenesis, we isolated genes expressed during the early stage of somatic embryogenesis after 2,4-D depletion. Subtractive hybridization screening and subsequent RNA gel blot analysis suggested a candidate gene, Carrot Early Somatic Embryogenesis 1 (C-ESE1). C-ESE1 encodes a protein that has agglutinin and S-locus-glycoprotein domains and its expression is highly specific to primordial cells of somatic embryo. Transgenic carrot cells with reduced expression of C-ESE1 had wide intercellular space and decreased polysaccharides on the cell surface and showed delayed development in somatic embryogenesis. The importance of cell-to-cell attachment in somatic embryogenesis is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Gene and Totipotency, Division of Integrated Life Science, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo, Kyoto, 606-8502 Japan.
authors.forename: Kiminori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahata
authors.forename: Miyuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kamada
authors.forename: Fumihiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D003470:Culture Media; D018552:Daucus carota / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004627:Embryonic Induction; D015870:Gene Expression; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D012639:Seeds / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D006023:Glycoproteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid