title: Analysis of a successful HCV-specific CD8+ T cell response in patients with recurrent HCV-infection after orthotopic liver transplantation.
abstract: Virus-specific CD8+ T cells play a major role in antiviral immune defenses; their significance in the transplant setting, however, is unclear. In the present study, we asked whether hepatitis C virus (HCV)-specific CD8+ T cells were detectable in the presence of an immunosuppressive treatment and whether the HCV-specific CD8+ T cell response correlates with treatment outcome in patients who receive interferon (IFN)-alpha / ribavirin therapy after orthotopic liver transplantation (OLTx). Liver- and blood-derived T cell lines of 21 patients after OLTx were studied before, at the end of, and after antiviral treatment. Virus-specific IFN-gamma production in response to a panel of previously identified HCV-specific epitopes restricted by the human leukocyte antigen (HLA) class I molecules A2, A3, B7, B35, and B44 of structural and nonstructural HCV protein was determined by enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay. Before treatment, only low numbers of HCV-specific CD8+ T cells were detectable. In 6 patients with a sustained virological response, a significant, multispecific, and sustained CD8+ T cell response was detectable, which was mainly found in the peripheral blood. Nonresponders and transient responders showed undetectable, weak, or transient HCV-specific CD8+ T cell responses. (Sustained responders vs. transient and nonresponders: Wilcoxon rank-signed test; P < .01). In conclusion, our data indicate that despite immunosuppression, HCV-specific CD8+ T cells are detectable in patients with recurrent HCV infection after OLTx and that a significant, multispecific, and long-lasting HCV-specific CD8+ T cell response contributes to viral elimination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine II, Klinikum Grosshadern, University of Munich, Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Norbert Hubert
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Gruener
authors.forename: Maria-Christina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ulsenheimer
authors.forename: Joern Tilman
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Gerlach
authors.forename: Reinhart
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zachoval
authors.forename: Helmut Michael
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Diepolder
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Baretton
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schauer
authors.forename: Gerd Rudolf
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Pape
authors.forename: Carl Albrecht
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Schirren
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000276:immunology*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011184:Postoperative Period; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins