title: Plasma albumin cysteinylation is regulated by cystathionine beta-synthase.
abstract: High homocysteine (Hcy) levels are a well-known independent risk factor for endothelial damage in atherosclerosis. We examined whether a rat intestinal model of ischemia-reperfusion was associated with high Hcy and with the modification of plasma albumin into cysteinylated species (CysAlb). The three treatment groups were as follows: midline abdominal incision (group A, n=10), followed by ligation of the superior mesenteric artery for a period of 2h (group B, n=3), and followed by reperfusion for 1h (group C, n=10). Hcy levels were 2.5-fold higher in group C than group A (p<0.05). 100% and 73.44+/-0.04% of Alb were modified into Cys species in groups C and B, respectively, compared to 51.2% in group A. A cystathionine beta-synthase (CBS) deficient mouse model, known to have high plasma Hcy levels, was also used to determine the extent of CysAlb. Hcy levels, %CysAlb, and %HcyAlb were 180.1+/-45.7 microM, 0%, and 23.4+/-4.4% in CBS deficient mice, while in control mice, those values were 5.7+/-1.8 microM, 24.2+/-4.1%, and 0%, respectively (p<0.05). High CysAlb and Hcy levels were observed in a rat model of bowel ischemia/reperfusion while high HcyAlb and Hcy levels with no CysAlb were observed in the CBS deficient mice. CysAlb may serve as a biomarker for the severity of gut ischemia, and high Hcy may explain endothelial damage associated with this model. Additionally, active CBS is essential for the formation of CysAlb.
authors.affiliation: Trauma Research Department, Swedish Medical Center, Englewood, CO, USA. dbaror@dmibio.com
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bar-Or
authors.forename: C Gerald
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Curtis
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: Leonard T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Rael
authors.forename: Gregory W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Craun
authors.forename: Raphael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bar-Or
authors.forename: Kenneth N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Maclean
authors.forename: Jan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kraus
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003541:Cystathionine beta-Synthase / Q000097:blood* / Q000172:deficiency; D003545:Cysteine / Q000097:blood*; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood; D006712:Homocystinuria / Q000097:blood* / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000097:blood* / Q000201:enzymology*; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D012709:Serum Albumin; D006710:Homocysteine; D003541:Cystathionine beta-Synthase; D003545:Cysteine