title: Recent advances in the monitoring and management of diabetic ketoacidosis.
abstract: Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is still a major contributor to morbidity and mortality in diabetes. The triad of hyperglycaemia, ketosis and acidosis can be diagnosed within a few minutes of the patient presenting, by measuring blood glucose and ketones using a meter, and venous blood pH on a blood gas analyser. Quantifying ketosis allows accurate distinction between simple hyperglycaemia and metabolic decompensation. We review the management of DKA, and the emerging role of near-patient testing in diagnosing ketosis and monitoring its resolution.
authors.affiliation: Oxford Centre for Diabetes, Endocrinology and Metabolism, The Churchill Hospital, Old Road, Oxford OX3 7LJ. david.matthews@ocdem.ox.ac.uk
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Matthews
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D016883:Diabetic Ketoacidosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007657:Ketone Bodies / Q000097:blood; D008134:Long-Term Care; D011188:Potassium / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D007657:Ketone Bodies; D011188:Potassium