Th1/Th2 cells in inflammatory disease states: therapeutic implications.
Inflammation is initiated as a protective response by the host, but can often result in systemic pathology. Among cells of the immune system, T lymphocytes play a major role in the inflammatory response. T cell inflammation is characterised histologically by an infiltration of mononuclear cells. Key regulators of this response are a subset of T lymphocytes called T helper (Th) cells. These cells secrete soluble mediators called cytokines, which orchestrate the immune response. The appropriate regulation of Th cell immunity is critical in the control and prevention of diverse disease states. This review will focus on the role of Th cells in the inflammatory process involved in allergic disease, diabetes, infectious disease, rheumatoid arthritis, heart disease, multiple sclerosis and cancer. In the area of autoimmunity, in particular, a basic understanding of Th cells and cytokines has contributed to the development of clinically efficacious biological agents. This review also examines current and novel treatment strategies under investigation at present that regulate Th cell immunity, which may result in better treatments for immune-mediated diseases.
Moss
Ronald B
RB
Telos Pharmaceuticals LLC, 10150 Meanley Drive, San Diego, CA 92131, USA. rmoss@forestlifesciences.com
Moll
Thomas
T
El-Kalay
Mohammad
M
Kohne
Connie
C
Soo Hoo
William
W
Encinas
Jeffrey
J
Carlo
Dennis J
DJ
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology*
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II