title: Radial artery tonometry demonstrates arterial stiffness in children with type 1 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if children with type 1 diabetes have increased arterial stiffness by estimating augmentation index with the simple noninvasive technique of radial artery tonometry.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 98 type 1 diabetic children and 57 healthy control subjects, ages 10-18 years, matched for age, sex, race, and BMI, generating 43 matched pairs. Radial artery tonometry was performed, and blood was collected for analysis of fasting lipids, HbA1c, glucose, and cytokines in all children.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children with diabetes had a significantly higher augmentation index corrected to a heart rate of 75 (AI75) than their matched control subjects. Mean AI75 in type 1 diabetic subjects was 1.11 +/- 10.15 versus -3.32 +/- 10.36 in control subjects. The case-control difference was 5.20 +/- 11.02 (P=0.0031).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children with type 1 diabetes have increased arterial stiffness compared with healthy control subjects. Radial artery tonometry is a simple noninvasive technique that could be added to the armamentarium of tests used to provide cardiovascular risk stratification in children with type 1 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Endocrinology, P.O. Box 100296, Gainesville, FL 32610, USA. hallemj@peds.ufl.edu
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Haller
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Samyn
authors.forename: Wilmer W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Nichols
authors.forename: Todd
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Brusko
authors.forename: Clive
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wasserfall
authors.forename: R Fletcher
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Atkinson
authors.forename: Jonathan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Shuster
authors.forename: Gary L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Pierce
authors.forename: Janet H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Silverstein
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry / Q000379:methods*; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D017534:Radial Artery / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012016:Reference Values