title: Pattern of expression of HtrA1 during mouse development.
abstract: The human HtrA family of proteases consists of four members: HtrA1, HtrA2, HtrA3, and HtrA4. In humans the four HtrA homologues appear to be involved in several important functions such as cell growth, apoptosis, and inflammatory reactions, and they control cell fate via regulated protein metabolism. In previous studies it was shown that the expression of HtrA1 was ubiquitous in normal adult human tissues. Here we examined the expression of HtrA1 protein and its corresponding mRNA during mouse embryogenesis using Northern blotting hybridization, RT-PCR, and immunohistochemical staining analyses. Our results indicate that HtrA1 is expressed in a variety of tissues in mouse embryos. Furthermore, this expression is regulated in a spatial and temporal manner. Relatively low levels of HtrA1 mRNA are detected in embryos at the beginning of organogenesis (E8), and the levels of expression increase during late organogenesis (E14-E19). Our results show that HtrA1 was expressed during embryonic development in specific areas where signaling by TGFbeta family proteins plays important regulatory roles. The expression of HtrA1, documented both at mRNA and protein levels by RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry in the developing nervous system, is consistent with a possible role of this protein both in dividing and postmitotic neurons, possibly via its documented inhibitory effects on TGFbeta proteins. An exhaustive knowledge of the different cell- and tissue-specific patterns of expression of HtrA1 in normal mouse embryos is essential for a critical evaluation of the exact role played by this protein during development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Public Health, Section of Clinical Anatomy, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Luca
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Falco
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: De Luca
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Penta
authors.forename: Viji
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Shridhar
authors.forename: Feliciano
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Baldi
authors.forename: Mara
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Campioni
authors.forename: Marco G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Paggi
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baldi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D001921:Brain / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000378:metabolism*; D000074289:High-Temperature Requirement A Serine Peptidase 1; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D009928:Organ Specificity; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000074289:High-Temperature Requirement A Serine Peptidase 1; C492073:HtrA1 protein, mouse; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases