title: Early developmental 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin exposure decreases chick embryo heart chronotropic response to isoproterenol but not to agents affecting signals downstream of the beta-adrenergic receptor.
abstract: 2,3,7,8-Tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD) causes cardiovascular toxicity in laboratory animals, including alteration in several processes in which beta-adrenergic receptor (beta-AR) signaling plays important roles. Thus, our laboratory investigated the effects of TCDD on beta-AR expression and signal transduction. Fertile chicken eggs were injected with vehicle (corn oil), 0.24 or 0.3 pmol TCDD/g egg on incubation day 0 (D0) or D5. On D10, heart function was assessed by ECG in ovo. Exposure to TCDD increased the incidence of arrhythmias and decreased the positive chronotropic responsiveness of the heart to isoproterenol. The reduced beta-AR responsiveness was, in part, independent of any overt morphological changes in the heart as chick embryos exposed to TCDD on D5 displayed an intermediate responsiveness to beta-AR agonist in the absence of the dilated cardiomyopathy observed in chick embryos exposed to TCDD on D0. TCDD did not decrease the chronotropic response of the heart to agents that stimulate signals downstream of the beta-AR. In fact, TCDD-exposed embryos were more sensitive than controls to forskolin, increasing heart rates (HR) 21.8 +/- 3.5 beats per min (bpm) above baseline versus control values at 6.3 +/- 2.7 bpm above baseline. TCDD exposure also augmented the negative chronotropic response of the heart to verapamil, decreasing HR -23.2 +/- 7.4 bpm relative to baseline versus control embryos at -12.7 +/- 5.9 bpm below baseline. Finally, the mean cardiac beta1-AR mRNA expression in D10 embryos was not significantly altered by exposure to TCDD on D0. These findings establish that a functional end point of the developing chick heart is sensitive to TCDD exposure and that the TCDD-induced reduction in beta-AR responsiveness may result from alterations in signal transduction upstream of adenylyl cyclase.
authors.affiliation: Bates College, Department of Biology, Lewiston, Maine 04240-6018, and College of Pharmacy, University of New Mexico Health Sciences Center, Albuquerque, New Mexico 87131-5691, USA. rsommer@abacus.bates.edu
authors.forename: Rebecca J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Sommer
authors.forename: Adam J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Hume
authors.forename: Jessica M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ciak
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Vannostrand
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Friggens
authors.forename: Mary K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Walker
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002642:Chick Embryo; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000187:drug effects; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects / Q000196:embryology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1; D007545:Isoproterenol