Glutamate-evoked redox state alterations are involved in tissue transglutaminase upregulation in primary astrocyte cultures.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the involvement of oxidative stress in glutamate-evoked transglutaminase (TGase) upregulation in astrocyte cultures (14 DIV). A 24 h exposure to glutamate caused a dose-dependent depletion of glutathione intracellular content and increased the ROS production in cell cultures. These effects were receptor-mediated, as demonstrated by inhibition with GYKI 52466. The pre-incubation with glutathione ethyl ester or cysteamine recovered oxidative status and was effective in significantly reducing glutamate-increased tissue TGase. These data suggest that tissue TGase upregulation may be part of a biochemical response to oxidative stress induced by a prolonged exposure of astrocyte cultures to glutamate.
Campisi
A
A
Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical Chemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Catania, V.le A. Doria, 6, 95100 Catania, Italy.
Caccamo
D
D
Li Volti
G
G
Currò
M
M
Parisi
G
G
Avola
R
R
Vanella
A
A
Ientile
R
R
D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation
D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D011503:Transglutaminases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D005978:Glutathione