title: Childbirth experiences of professional Chinese Canadian women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the connections between culture and expectations surrounding the childbirth experience for professional Chinese Canadian women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive and qualitative, using ethnographic interview.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women were recruited from a community health care center in metropolitan Toronto.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six professional Chinese Canadian women who had experienced at least one childbirth.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The respondents described adherence to many traditional values, beliefs, and practices throughout the pregnancy and childbirth experience. However, some practices were modified to address functioning in a context that could not support full expression of cultural traditions. Recent immigration to Canada was associated with less adherence to traditional Chinese rituals and beliefs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nurses cannot make assumptions about who will use traditional cultural practices or about the circumstances in which they are relevant. Nurses need to be aware of cultural expectations so they can provide culturally competent care, but they should also be aware of how to engage in discussions to clarify individual patient priorities.
authors.affiliation: Durham Region Public Health Department, Whitby, Ontario, Canada. angela.cooperbrathwaite@utoronto.ca
authors.forename: Angela Cooper
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Brathwaite
authors.forename: Charmaine C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology*; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior / Q000208:ethnology*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007743:Labor, Obstetric / Q000208:ethnology*; D008880:Midwifery / Q000379:methods; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D009864:Ontario / Q000453:epidemiology; D036801:Parturition / Q000208:ethnology*; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000208:ethnology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014931:Women, Working / Q000523:psychology