title: Killing of periodontopathogenic bacteria by photodynamic therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to evaluate a new approach for killing periodontopathogenic bacteria using photodynamic therapy (PDT).
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we investigated the photosensitizers chlorin e6, BLC 1010, and BLC 1014 by three different methods for their effect in PDT on the viability of periodontopathogenic bacterial species. The methods included examination of inhibition zones on agar plates, determination of colony-forming units (CFU), and the use of a bacterial viability kit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using the CFU method, we were able to demonstrate that the anaerobic bacteria Porphyromonas gingivalis, Fusobacterium nucleatum, and Capnocytophaga gingivalis can be photoinactivated completely by illumination with an intensity of 5.3 J/cm2 in the presence of 10 microM chlorin e6 and 10 microM BLC 1010. With the photosensitizers chlorin e6 and BLC 1010, we were able to induce zones of inhibition on agar plates. BLC 1014 failed to produce a zone of inhibition. The results of the bacterial viability test also showed that the photosensitizer BLC 1014 provides the lowest photodynamic effect in comparison to the others.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data collected to date suggest that photodynamic therapy with chlorin e6 and BLC 1010 is advantageous for suppressing periodontopathogenic bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Conservative Dentistry, Friedrich Schiller University of Jena, Jena, Germany.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pfitzner
authors.forename: Bernd W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Sigusch
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Albrecht
authors.forename: Eike
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Glockmann
mesh_terms: D016976:Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans / Q000187:drug effects; D002206:Capnocytophaga / Q000187:drug effects; D002735:Chlorophyllides; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D016124:Eikenella corrodens / Q000187:drug effects; D016967:Fusobacterium nucleatum / Q000187:drug effects; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D011166:Porphyrins / Q000494:pharmacology; D016966:Porphyromonas gingivalis / Q000187:drug effects; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002735:Chlorophyllides; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011166:Porphyrins; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; C062985:phytochlorin