title: Tetanus vaccination with IL-2 during highly active antiretroviral therapy induces sustained and pronounced specific CD4 T-cell responses.
abstract: HIV-1 infection results in profound dysfunction of the CD4 T-cell population. Although highly active antiretroviral therapy allows the reconstitution of CD4 T-cell numbers, functional abnormalities remain, including inadequate responses to vaccination. IL-2 increases CD4 T-cell numbers and function. We report the effects of IL-2 given with tetanus vaccination in two patients in a larger immunotherapy study. In one case IL-2 induced sustained responses, which may have been caused by the timing of IL-2 with vaccination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Imperial College London, Chelsea and Westminster Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: Gareth A D
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Hardy
authors.forename: Nesrina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Imami
authors.forename: Ann K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: Mark R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gazzard
authors.forename: Frances M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Gotch
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D007376:Interleukin-2; D013745:Tetanus Toxoid