title: ECG artifacts during intraoperative high-field MRI scanning.
abstract: High-field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) (1.5 T) has recently been introduced into the neurosurgical operating room for intraoperative resection control and functional neuronavigational guidance. However, long-lasting neurosurgical procedures in an operating room equipped with a high-field MRI scanner raise new challenges to the anesthesiologist. In particular, monitoring of vital signs during anesthesia requires equipment compatible with working in close vicinity to the strong magnetic field. However, even MRI-compatible electrocardiographic (ECG) monitoring interferes with electromagnetic fields, so several ECG artifacts can be observed in static and pulsed magnetic fields. As shown in this study, pulsed high-frequency fields induce characteristic field frequency-based artifacts in the ECG that can imitate malignant arrhythmia or provoke ST-segment abnormalities. The knowledge of possible and characteristic ECG artifacts during high-field MRI is therefore essential to prevent misinterpretation. Moreover, interference-free parameters such as pulse oximetry or invasive blood pressure curves are highly relevant during intraoperative MRI scans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Friedrich-Alexander-University Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany. t.birkholz@gmx.de
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Birkholz
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nimsky
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schüttler
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schmitz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000758:Anesthesia; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D016477:Artifacts; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D009873:Operating Rooms