title: The resistance of polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine-poly(-caprolactone) blends to adherence of Escherichia coli.
abstract: In this study, the resistance of biodegradable biomaterials, composed of blends of poly(-caprolactone) (PCL) and the polymeric antimicrobial complex, polyvinylpyrrolidone-iodine (PVP-I) to the adherence of a clinical isolate of Escherichia coli is described. Blends of PCL composed of a range of high (50,000 g mol(-1)) to low (5000 g mol(-1)) molecular weight ratios of polymer and either devoid of or containing PVP-I (1% w/w) were prepared by solvent evaporation. Following incubation (4 h), there was no relationship between m. wt. ratio of PCL in films devoid of PVP-I and adherence of E. coli. Conversely, microbial adherence to PCL containing PVP-I decreased as the ratio of high:low m. wt. polymer was decreased and was approximately 1000 fold lower than that to comparator films devoid of PVP-I. Following periods of immersion of PVP-I containing PCL films under sink conditions in phosphate buffered saline, subsequent adherence of E. coli was substantially reduced for 2 days (40:60 m. wt. ratio) and 6 days (100:0 m. wt. ratio). Concurrent exposure of PCL and E. coli to sub-minimum inhibitory concentrations (sub-MIC) of PVP-I significantly reduced microbial adherence to the biomaterial; however, the molecular weight ratio of PCL did not affect this outcome. Pretreatment of PCL with similar sub-MIC of PVP-I prior to inclusion within the microbial adherence assay significantly decreased the subsequent adherence of E. coli. Greatest reduction in adherence was observed following treatment of PCL (40:60 m. wt. ratio) with 0.0156% w/w PVP-I. In conclusion, this study has illustrated the utility of PVP-I as a suitable therapeutic agent for incorporation within PCL as a novel biomaterial. Due to the combined antimicrobial and biodegradable properties, these biomaterials offer a promising strategy for the reduction in medical device related infection.
authors.affiliation: Medical Devices Group, School of Pharmacy, The Queen's University of Belfast, Medical Biology Centre, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK. d.jones@qub.ac.uk
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Jasmina
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Djokic
authors.forename: Sean P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Gorman
mesh_terms: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004058:Diffusion; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004866:Equipment Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D008422:Materials Testing; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry*; D011206:Povidone-Iodine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D011091:Polyesters; C016240:polycaprolactone; D011206:Povidone-Iodine