title: Prescribing patterns in high-need Health Authority populations: how does an ethnically mixed composition affect volume and cost?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prescribing is the most common therapeutic intervention in primary care, and there is substantial variation in prescribing practice across England. We investigate broad patterns of prescribing across Health Authorities in England, concentrating on ethnically diverse populations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Initially we examined the association between a number of prescribing indicators from the Prescribing Support Unit Prescribing Toolkit and 'Needs Profiles'. We then considered whether the observed patterns of prescribing were appropriate, that is, could be largely explained by variations in the prevalence of a medical condition for which the corresponding group of drugs would be prescribed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The volume and cost of prescribing was generally lower in more ethnically diverse Health Authority populations when compared with more elderly or deprived populations. There was a significant negative association between ethnic composition and net-ingredient-cost per patient of cardiovascular drugs, but this disappeared upon adjusting for mortality from coronary heart disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The volume and cost of prescribing was generally lower in more ethnically diverse Health Authority populations relative to other high-need population profiles. Further work on this subject matter is merited, particularly if individual level data is available.
authors.affiliation: National Primary Care Research and evelopment Centre, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK. mark.hann@manchester.ac.uk
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hann
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cantrill
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gill
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics* / Q000401:mortality; D016208:Databases, Factual / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004363:Drug Utilization; D004739:England; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006801:Humans; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D002317:Cardiovascular Agents