title: Does cyclic AMP mediate rat urinary bladder relaxation by isoproterenol?
abstract: Cyclic AMP is the prototypical second messenger of beta-adrenergic receptors, but recent findings have questioned its role in mediating smooth muscle relaxation upon beta-adrenergic receptor stimulation. We have investigated the signaling mechanisms underlying beta-adrenergic receptor-mediated relaxation of rat urinary bladder. Concentration-response curves for isoproterenol-induced bladder relaxation were generated in the presence or absence of inhibitors, with concomitant experiments using passive tension and KCl-induced precontraction. The adenylyl cyclase inhibitor 9-(tetrahydro-2-furanyl)-9H-purin-6-amine (SQ 22,536; 1 microM), the protein kinase A inhibitors 1-(5-isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-methylpiperazine (H7; 10 microM), N-[2-(p-bromocinnamylamino)ethyl]-5-isoquinolinesulfonamide (H89; 1 microM), and Rp-adenosine 3',5'-cyclic monophosphorothioate (Rp-cAMPS; 30 microM), and the guanylyl cyclase inhibitor 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo-[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ; 3 microM) produced only minor if any inhibition of relaxation against passive tension or KCl-induced precontraction. Among various potassium channel inhibitors, BaCl2 (10 microM), tetraethylammonium (3 microM), apamin (300 nM), and glibenclamide (10 microM) did not inhibit isoproterenol-induced relaxation. Some inhibition of the isoproterenol effects against KCl-induced tone but not against passive tension was seen with inhibitors of calcium-dependent potassium channels such as charybdotoxin and iberiotoxin (30 nM each). A combination of SQ 22,536 and ODQ significantly inhibited relaxation against passive tension by about half, but not that against KCl-induced tone. Moreover, the combination failed to enhance inhibition by charybdotoxin against KCl-induced tone. We conclude that cAMP and cGMP each play a minor role in beta-adrenergic receptor-mediated relaxation against passive tension, and calcium-dependent potassium channels play a minor role against active tension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy, University of Amsterdam, Academisch Medisch Centrum, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Elfaridah P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Frazier
authors.forename: Marie-Jeanne
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Mathy
authors.forename: Stephan L M
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: Martin C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Michel
mesh_terms: D019307:1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000225:Adenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000067956:Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000502:physiology*; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000819:agonists; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000067956:Adenylyl Cyclase Inhibitors; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D015221:Potassium Channels; C017759:9-(tetrahydro-2-furyl)-adenine; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D019307:1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase; D000225:Adenine; D007545:Isoproterenol