title: Effect of year in school on medical students' perceptions evaluated with the Cognitive Behavior Survey, Attitudes Toward Social Issues in Medicine Survey, and Learning Environment Questionnaire.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We administered selected scales from the Cognitive Behavior Survey, Attitudes Toward Social Issues in Medicine survey, and Learning Environment Questionnaire. We gathered data from other medical schools to put our results into context.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To present results on these scales from our own and other medical schools to identify the effects of "year in school" on the results.
  
  
  METHODS
  We searched for articles that had cited the articles that originally presented the scales we used. We organized the results by type of curriculum and presented data from multiple points in each course.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With a few exceptions, the data suggest that students' perceptions of their cognitive behaviors, their attitudes to social issues in medicine, and their impressions of the medical school learning environment deteriorate as they proceed through the course. In the case of PBL and hybrid curricula, this may represent a reversal of gains conferred by these curricula during the early phases of the course.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data provide a starting point for further study of some of the influences on students' perceptions of medical curricula as they proceed through the course.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Otago Medical School, Dunedin, New Zealand. peter.schwartz@stonebow.otago.ac.nz
authors.forename: Peter L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Ernest G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Loten
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003479:Curriculum / Q000592:standards*; D004504:Education, Medical, Undergraduate / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009520:New Zealand; D018794:Problem-Based Learning / Q000379:methods*; D012931:Social Environment; D013337:Students, Medical; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D013997:Time Factors