title: Identification of mutations in proviral long terminal repeats of HIV type 1-infected subjects naive to drug therapy.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) proviral DNA sequences in the 5' long terminal repeat (LTR) were examined among 28 drug-naive individuals. Twenty-four subjects had highly conserved LTR sequences, however, more significant changes were observed in the remaining four LTR sequences. These included a 9-bp deletion preceding the NF kappa B elements and a duplication of the RBF-2 motif. A higher overall frequency of mutations within the LTR occurred within NFAT-1 and Sp-1 sequences. Importantly, a novel 16-bp deletion was found in the distal NFAT-1 site.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Medicine Program, Ottawa Health Research Institute, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada K1H 8L6. kcopeland@ohri.ca
authors.forename: Karen F T
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Copeland
authors.forename: Zhaoxia
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Marnie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fiebig
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: Sherie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Savoy
authors.forename: Fiona M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Smaill
authors.forename: Kenneth L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Rosenthal
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D016325:HIV Long Terminal Repeat / Q000235:genetics*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D011533:Proviruses / Q000235:genetics*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA