title: Frozen section in laparoscopic management of macroscopically suspicious ovarian masses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the usefulness of and applications for frozen section in the laparoscopic management of adnexal masses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Historical prospective study (Canadian Task Force classification II-3).
  
  
  METHODS
  Large tertiary care hospital with university affiliation.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred forty-one women undergoing laparoscopy for a suspicious adnexal mass.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adnexal masses suspicious on ultrasound were managed by laparoscopy. After laparoscopic diagnosis, frozen sections were used to confirm a diagnosis of malignancy. Treatment was performed by laparoscopy whenever feasible.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of frozen section were compared with the results of permanent sections, and the consequences of the intraoperative diagnosis on the surgical management were evaluated. The frozen section diagnosis was correct in 125 of the 141 patients (88.7%). In one patient, the result was false negative. Specifically, frozen section diagnosis was correct in 96.8% of cases when a cyst or biopsy was sent for pathologic examination and in 86.4% when the whole adnexa was sent. It was correct in 93% of the cases involving tumors smaller than 100 mm and in 74% of larger tumors. It was correct in 92.3% of the women younger than 50 years and in 81.6% of women older than age 50. Intraoperative pathologic diagnosis was correct in 95.5% of benign tumors, 77.8% of low-malignancy tumors, and 75% of cancer cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Frozen section is a useful examination for surgical management decision making; however, the limitations and the difficulties should be taken into account.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Polyclinique de L'Hotel-Dieu, BD Leon malfreyt, 63058 Clermont-Ferrand, France.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Canis
authors.forename: Roy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mashiach
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wattiez
authors.forename: Revaz
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Botchorishvili
authors.forename: Benoit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rabischong
authors.forename: Kris
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jardon
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Safi
authors.forename: Jean Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Pouly
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Déchelotte
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mage
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005629:Frozen Sections; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies