title: [Experimental study on the antiviral mechanism of Ceratostigma willmattianum against herpes simplex virus type 1 in vitro].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the antiviral effect and mechanisms of the liquid extract from Ceratostigma willmattianum against herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  C. willmattianum in various concentration was applied to different steps of HSV-1 replication cycle. 50% Tissue culture infective dose (TCID50), cytopathic effect (CPE), MTT staining method, dot blotting and Northern blotting analysis were used to estimate index of antiviral activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  50% Toxic concentration (TC50) was 1077 mg x L(-1), IC50 29.46 mg x L(-1) and therapeutic index (TI) 36.56 in C. willmattianum. TC50 330 mg x L(-1), 50% Inhibiting concentration (IC50) 9.12 mg x L(-1) and TI 36.18 in ACV by MTT staining method. The liquid extract from C. willmattianum had remarkable effect on inhibiting HSV-1 in vitro. Ceratostigma could interfere absorption of HSV-1 to Vero cells to prevent HSV-1 infectivity, inhibit HSV-1 gD DNA replication and HSV-1 gD mRNA expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  C. willmattianum possesses strong anti-HSV-1 activity in vitro. The antiviral mechanisms are related to inhibiting virus absorption, HSV-1 gD gene replication and HSV-1 gD gene transcription.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041,China.
authors.forename: Tian
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wen-xiang
authors.initials: WX
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Fa-long
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Wei-qing
authors.initials: WQ
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Zai-rong
authors.initials: ZR
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Si-ping
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jin-rui
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D029623:Primulaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D014709:Vero Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000821:virology; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D006023:Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger