title: Preschool children's lead levels in rural communities of Zhejiang province, China.
abstract: The aim of the study was to determine mean blood lead levels (BLLs) and prevalence of elevated BLLs among preschool children aged 3-6 years in Zhejian rural communities, China. Data were gathered by means of a questionnaire and blood lead analyses for 217 children who attended six randomly selected kindergartens. BLLs ranged from 25-437 microg/l. Arithmetic mean was 95 microg/l and standard deviation was 56 microg/l. BLLs of 63 samples (29.0%) were > or =100 microg/l. Children with BLLs > or =100 microg/l came from families with a higher proportion of their fathers or mothers working in conditions of potential exposure to lead, as compared to those with BLLs <100 microg/l (P < 0.01). A significantly higher proportion of children with BLLs > or =100 micro/l lived in buildings that were located near small industries, such as mechanics, furniture, or paint shop, as compared to those with BLLs <100 microg/l (P < 0.01). In conclusion, the data indicate that high levels of childhood lead exposures even prevail in rural communities and deserve authorities' attention. With the recent ban of leaded gasoline in China, emphasis should shift to other sources of exposure in children.
authors.affiliation: Affiliated Children Hospital of Medical School, Zhejiang University, Zhejiang, PR China. hjsl@mail.hz.zj.cn
authors.forename: Sun
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhenyia
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lon
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hanyun
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D007855:Lead Poisoning / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012423:Rural Health