title: Rosuvastatin reduces experimental left ventricular infarct size after ischemia-reperfusion injury but not total coronary occlusion.
abstract: This study compared the effects of rosuvastatin on left ventricular infarct size in mice after permanent coronary occlusion vs. 60 min of ischemia followed by 24 h of reperfusion. Statins can inhibit neutrophil adhesion, increase nitric oxide synthase (NOS) expression, and mobilize progenitor stem cells after ischemic injury. Mice received blinded and randomized administration of rosuvastatin (20 mg.kg(-1).day(-1)) or saline from 2 days before surgery until death. After 60 min of ischemia with reperfusion, infarct size was reduced by 18% (P = 0.03) in mice randomized to receive rosuvastatin (n = 18) vs. saline (n = 22) but was similar after permanent occlusion in rosuvastatin (n = 17) and saline (n = 20) groups (P = not significant). Myocardial infarct size after permanent left anterior descending coronary artery occlusion (n = 6) tended to be greater in NOS3-deficient mice than in the wild-type saline group (33 +/- 4 vs. 23 +/- 2%, P = 0.08). Infarct size in NOS3-deficient mice was not modified by treatment with rosuvastatin (34 +/- 5%, n = 6, P = not significant vs. NOS3-deficient saline group). After 60 min of ischemia-reperfusion, neutrophil infiltration was similar in rosuvastatin and saline groups as was the percentage of CD34(+), Sca-1(+), and c-Kit(+) cells. Left ventricular NOS3 mRNA and protein levels were unchanged by rosuvastatin. Rosuvastatin reduces infarct size after 60 min of ischemia-reperfusion but not after permanent coronary occlusion, suggesting a potential anti-inflammatory effect. Although we were unable to demonstrate that the myocardial protection was due to an effect on neutrophil infiltration, stem cell mobilization, or induction of NOS3, these data suggest that rosuvastatin may be particularly beneficial in myocardial protection after ischemia-reperfusion injury.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Division, Brigham and Women's Hospital, 65 Landsdowne St., Cambridge, MA 02139, USA.
authors.forename: Ellen O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Weinberg
authors.forename: Marielle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scherrer-Crosbie
authors.forename: Michael H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Picard
authors.forename: Boris A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Nasseri
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: MacGillivray
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gannon
authors.forename: Qingyu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.forename: Kenneth D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Bloch
authors.forename: Richard T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D005464:Fluorobenzenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000473:pathology; D019650:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008026:Ligation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D000068718:Rosuvastatin Calcium; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D005464:Fluorobenzenes; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D011743:Pyrimidines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013449:Sulfonamides; D000068718:Rosuvastatin Calcium; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496315:Nos3 protein, mouse