Sin3: a flexible regulator of global gene expression and genome stability.
SIN3 was first identified genetically as a global regulator of transcription. Sin3 is a large protein composed mainly of protein-interaction domains, whose function is to provide structural support for a heterogeneous Sin3/histone deacetylase (HDAC) complex. The core Sin3/HDAC complex is conserved from yeast to man and consists of eight proteins. In addition to HDACs, Sin3 can sequester other enzymatic functions, including nucleosome remodeling, DNA methylation, N-acetylglucoseamine transferase activity, and histone methylation. Since the Sin3/HDAC complex lacks any DNA-binding activity, it must be targeted to gene promoters by interacting with DNA-binding proteins. Although most research on Sin3 has focused on its role as a corepressor, mounting evidence suggests that Sin3 can also positively regulate transcription. Furthermore, Sin3 is key to the propagation of epigenetically silenced domains and is required for centromere function. Thus, Sin3 provides a platform to deliver multiple combinations modifications to the chromatin, using both sequence-specific and sequence-independent mechanisms.
Silverstein
Rebecca A
RA
Karolinska Institutet, Department of Biosciences, University College Sodertorn, Alfred Nobels Allé 7, 141 89, Huddinge, Sweden.
Ekwall
Karl
K
D002843:Chromatin; D019175:DNA Methylation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D042822:Genomic Instability; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D006801:Humans; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000494:pharmacology*
D002843:Chromatin; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C071731:SIN3 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D006655:Histone Deacetylases