Prediction of ischaemic and haemorrhagic stroke by self-measured blood pressure at home: the Ohasama study.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the predictive value of self-measured blood pressure values taken at home (home blood pressure) for risk of stroke and subtypes.


METHODS
We obtained home blood pressure measurements from 1702 people, aged > or =40 years, without a history of stroke, in the general population in Japan, and continued follow-up after a mean period of 10.6 years. The prognostic significance of blood pressure for stroke risk was examined using the Cox proportional hazards regression model, which was adjusted for possible confounding factors.


RESULTS
There was a linear relationship between home blood pressure and risk of stroke and subtypes. On average, each 10/5 mmHg elevation in home systolic/diastolic blood pressure respectively, was associated with an approximately 30/20% respectively, higher risk of total stroke. A similar relationship was observed for the risk of haemorrhagic stroke (intracerebral and subarachnoid haemorrhage), and the risk of ischaemic stroke [cerebral infarction and transient ischaemic attack (TIA)]. The risk of stroke and subtypes showed a significantly greater relation with home blood pressure values compared to conventional blood pressure values.


CONCLUSIONS
This is the first study to demonstrate that home blood pressure is an independent predictor for haemorrhagic and ischaemic stroke, in the general population.
Ohkubo
Takayoshi
T
Departments of Planning for Drug Development and Clinical Evaluation, Tohoku University Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Science and Medicine, Iwate, Japan. tohkubo@mail.tains.tohoku.ac.jp
Asayama
Kei
K
Kikuya
Masahiro
M
Metoki
Hirohito
H
Obara
Taku
T
Saito
Shin
S
Hoshi
Haruhisa
H
Hashimoto
Junichiro
J
Totsune
Kazuhito
K
Satoh
Hiroshi
H
Imai
Yutaka
Y
D000328:Adult; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology