title: Evaluation of potential reduction in blood and body fluid exposures by use of alternative instruments.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Injuries from needlestick, sharps injuries and splashes lead to exposure to blood and body fluids with the potential for transmission of blood-borne viruses.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify alternative instruments, which if used would improve worker safety.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of 161 injuries with identification of safer alternative products for instruments that caused injury. The proportion of injuries that could be prevented was calculated [with 95% confidence intervals (CI)].
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average rate of injury was 7.8/1000 employees per annum (95% CI, 6.8-9.4/1000). In the 2 years the highest rates of injury occurred in pre-registration house officers (164/1000; 95% CI, 64-264/1000), phlebotomists (154/1000; 95% CI, 15-291/1000) and senior house officers (45/1000; 95% CI, 13-77/1000). An upper estimate of 65% (95% CI, 58-72%) of incidents would have been preventable with a change to alternative devices.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Change to the use of intrinsically safer instrumentation has the potential to prevent injury to healthcare workers.
authors.affiliation: Occupational Health Service, NHS Argyll and Clyde, Dykebar Hospital, Grahamston Road, Paisley PA2 7DE, UK. Eugene.Waclawski@renver-pct.scot.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Eugene R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Waclawski
mesh_terms: D000062:Accidents, Occupational; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection; D001826:Body Fluids; D002404:Catheterization; D004867:Equipment Design; D006282:Health Personnel; D006801:Humans; D009339:Needles / Q000009:adverse effects; D016602:Needlestick Injuries / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012449:Safety; D013523:Surgical Equipment