title: Phenotypic analysis of dopamine receptor knockout mice; recent insights into the functional specificity of dopamine receptor subtypes.
abstract: The functional specificity of dopamine receptor subtypes remains incompletely understood, in part due to the absence of highly selective agonists and antagonists. Phenotypic analysis of dopamine receptor knockout mice has been instrumental in identifying the role of dopamine receptor subtypes in mediating dopamine's effects on motor function, cognition, reward, and emotional behaviors. In this article, we provide an update of recent studies in dopamine receptor knockout mice and discuss the limitations and future promise of this approach.
authors.affiliation: Section on Behavioral Science and Genetics, National Institute of Alcoholism and Alcohol Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. holmesan@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: Jean E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lachowicz
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Sibley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004644:Emotions / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D010641:Phenotype; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000145:classification / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine / Q000145:classification / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D021122:Protein Subunits; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine