title: Highly sensitive and selective determination of 9, 10-phenanthrenequinone in airborne particulates using high-performance liquid chromatography with pre-column derivatization and fluorescence detection.
abstract: 9,10-Phenanthrenequinone (PQ), is one of the components of diesel exhaust particulates, has potent harmful effects on human health. For the determination of PQ in airborne particulates, a highly sensitive and selective high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method was developed with fluorescence detection following the pre-column fluorescent derivatization. PQ was derivatized with benzaldehyde as a derivatizing reagent in the presence of ammonium acetate to give fluorescent 2-phenyl-1H-phenanthro [9,10-d] imidazole. The maximum fluorescence intensity of the derivative was observed by the reaction with 0.2M benzaldehyde and 0.5 M ammonium acetate at 100 degrees C for 30 min. The HPLC separation of fluorescent derivative of PQ was performed within 20 min on an ODS column with a mixture of acetonitrile-water (55:45, v/v) as a mobile phase. Highly sensitive and selective determination of PQ was attained with the detection limit of 5 fmol (S/N = 3). By the proposed method, PQ in airborne particulates was successfully determined in the range 0.26-0.30 ng/m3 (n = 3).
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Nagasaki University, 1-14 Bunkyo-Machi, Nagasaki 852-8521, Japan.
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kishikawa
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Yoshihito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohba
authors.forename: Kenichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Naotaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kuroda
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D002138:Calibration; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D010616:Phenanthrenes; C005399:9,10-phenanthrenequinone