title: The significance of transarterial embolization for advanced hepatocellular carcinoma in liver transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transarterial embolization (TAE) is the treatment of choice for advanced HCC to control or even induce tumor shrinkage. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of pretransplantation TAE for treatment of advanced HCC.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1996 to 2002, we studied 12 cirrhotic patients with HCC, including six who met and six who exceeded the Milan criteria. All patients had sufficient hepatic function to undergo TAE. Liver transplantations were performed subsequently and they were followed prospectively for a median of 22 months (range = 12 to 53 months).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The explanted livers from the 12 patients who had undergone TAE were noted to have extensive tumor necrosis. The pathological specimens at LT showed downstaging of the HCC, which allowed those six patients to meet the Milan criteria. The overall 1- and 2-year survival rates were 92% and 73%, respectively. The overall 1- and 2-year disease-free survival rates were 92% and 73%, respectively. One death unrelated to liver disease at 2 years after LT was noted in the downgraded group. One patient of the initially eligible group developed lung metastasis at 6 months and died at 12 months after LT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TAE is effective to downstage advanced HCC and reduce the dropout rate on the LT waiting list. Pre-LT TAE may be considered as a better therapeutic strategy for patients with advanced HCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Taiwan.
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: T Y
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Tsang
authors.forename: Y F
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000601:surgery*; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D006499:Hepatic Artery; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000628:therapy; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000601:surgery; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies