Synergy of human Pol II core promoter elements revealed by statistical sequence analysis.
BACKGROUND
The subject of our paper is bioinformatics analysis of the distinguishing features of human promoter DNA sequences, in particular of synergetic combinations of core promoter elements therein. We suppose that specific scenarios of transcription initiation are essentially related to various particular implementations of the interaction of basal transcription machinery with promoter DNA, depending on the presence and mutual positioning of core promoter elements.


RESULTS
In addition to the combinations of core promoter elements previously experimentally confirmed [TATA box and Initiator (Inr), Downstream Promoter Element (DPE) and Inr, and TFIIB recognition element (BRE) and TATA box] we propose other alternate synergetic combinations: BRE and Inr, BRE and DPE, and TATA and DPE with respective models. The suggestion is based on a high statistical significance of the alternate combinations in promoters, comparable with the significance of the known combinations. We also present arguments that the BRE element is statistically more important than previously thought, and suggest possible mechanisms of action of the core elements in the promoters with multiple transcription start sites.


BACKGROUND
ioschikhes-1@medctr.osu.edu


BACKGROUND
Supplementary information is available at http://bmi.osu.edu/~ilya/synergy/Gershenzon_SuppMat-R.pdf.
Gershenzon
Naum I
NI
Department of Biomedical Informatics, The Ohio State University, 3184 Graves Hall, 333 W. 10th Avenue, Columbus, OH 43210, USA.
Ioshikhes
Ilya P
IP
D004257:DNA Polymerase II / Q000235:genetics*; D030541:Databases, Genetic; D006801:Humans; D008957:Models, Genetic; D015233:Models, Statistical; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D020218:Response Elements / Q000235:genetics; D016415:Sequence Alignment / Q000379:methods*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA / Q000379:methods*; D024363:Transcription Initiation Site; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000235:genetics*
D004257:DNA Polymerase II