title: [Orbital decompression in graves disease: indications, techniques, results and complications].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The surgical rehabilitation of patients with Graves disease involves orbital decompression and various lid and extraocular muscle procedures.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have reviewed the literature and include a presentation of our own results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The indications for orbital decompression include not only functional reasons (optic neuropathy, keratopathy, glaucoma, pain) but also aesthetic and psychosocial reasons without visual problems. Current techniques for orbital decompression (bone versus fat removal) are described and discussed. Results demonstrating a mean reduction of proptosis (4 - 6 mm) and complications (mainly diplopia in 3 - 12 %) are presented for coronal and transconjunctival approaches and compared with other methods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Current techniques of orbital decompression are effective and safe and are therefore increasingly used not only for functional but also for aesthetic or "rehabilitative" indications.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für Neuro-Ophthalmologie, okuloplastische u. Orbitachirurgie, Zentralklinikum St. Pölten, Osterreich. orbitazentrum@kh-st-poelten.at
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ettl
mesh_terms: D019299:Decompression, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods*; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*