title: Generalized Venn diagrams: a new method of visualizing complex genetic set relations.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Microarray experiments generate vast amounts of data. The unknown or only partially known functional context of differentially expressed genes may be assessed by querying the Gene Ontology database via GOMiner. Resulting tree representations are difficult to interpret and are not suited for visualization of this type of data. Methods are needed to effectively visualize these complex set relationships.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We present a visualization approach for set relationships based on Venn diagrams. The proposed extension enhances the usual notion of Venn diagrams by incorporating set size information. The cardinality of the sets and intersection sets is represented by their corresponding circle (polygon) sizes. To avoid local minima, solutions to this problem are sought by evolutionary optimization. This generalized Venn diagram approach has been implemented as an interactive Java application (VennMaster) specifically designed for use with GOMiner in the context of the Gene Ontology database.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  VennMaster is platform-independent (Java 1.4.2) and has been tested on Windows (XP, 2000), Mac OS X, and Linux. Supplementary information and the software (free for non-commercial use) are available at http://www.informatik.uni-ulm.de/ni/mitarbeiter/HKestler/vennm together with a user documentation.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  hans.kestler@medizin.uni-ulm.de.
authors.affiliation: Neuroinformatics, University of Ulm, 89069 Ulm, Germany. hans.kestler@medizin.uni-ulm.de
authors.forename: Hans A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Kestler
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Gress
authors.forename: Malte
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Buchholz
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D003196:Computer Graphics; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008957:Models, Genetic; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D012984:Software; D014584:User-Computer Interface