title: Triphasic pattern in the ex vivo response of human proliferative phase endometrium to oestrogens.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the ex vivo oestrogen responsiveness of human proliferative phase endometrium using short-term explant cultures. The effects of oestrogen (17beta-E2) on proliferation and the expression of oestrogen-responsive genes known to be involved in regulating endometrial function were evaluated. Three distinct response patterns could be distinguished: (1) the menstrual (M) phase pattern (cycle days 2-5), which is characterised by a complete lack in the proliferative response to 17beta-E2, while an increased expression of AR (2.6-fold, P<0.01), PR (2.7-fold, P<0.01) and COX-2 (3.5-fold, P<0.01) at the mRNA level was observed and a similar upregulation was also found for AR, PR and COX-2 at the protein level; (2) the early proliferative (EP) phase pattern (cycle days 6-10) with 17beta-E2 enhanced proliferation in the stroma (1.7-fold, P<0.05), whereas the expression of AR, PR and COX-2 were not affected at the mRNA and protein levels and ER-alpha mRNA and protein levels were significantly reduced by 17beta-E2; (3) the late proliferative (LP) phase pattern (cycle days 11-14), which is characterised by a moderate stimulation of proliferation (1.4-fold, P<0.05) and PR mRNA expression (1.7-fold, P<0.01) by 17beta-E2. In conclusion, three distinct response patterns to 17beta-E2 could be identified with respect to proliferation and the expression of known oestrogen-responsive genes in human proliferative phase endometrium explant cultures.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute GROW, The Netherlands. chamindiem@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Punyadeera
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dunselman
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marbaix
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kamps
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Galant
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nap
authors.forename: A de
authors.initials: Ad
authors.lastname: Goeij
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ederveen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Groothuis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D004717:Endometrium / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004967:Estrogens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008875:Middle Aged; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011944:Receptors, Androgen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques
chemical_list: D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D004967:Estrogens; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011944:Receptors, Androgen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases