title: Immunological parameters in girls with Turner syndrome.
abstract: Disturbances in the immune system has been described in Turner syndrome, with an association to low levels of IgG and IgM and decreased levels of T- and B-lymphocytes. Also different autoimmune diseases have been connected to Turner syndrome (45, X), thyroiditis being the most common. Besides the typical features of Turner syndrome (short stature, failure to enter puberty spontaneously and infertility due to ovarian insufficiency) ear problems are common (recurrent otitis media and progressive sensorineural hearing disorder). Levels of IgG, IgA, IgM, IgD and the four IgG subclasses as well as T- and B-lymphocyte subpopulations were investigated in 15 girls with Turners syndrome to examine whether an immunodeficiency may be the cause of their high incidence of otitis media. No major immunological deficiency was found that could explain the increased incidence of otitis media in the young Turner girls.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Otorhinolaryngology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. Annika.Stenberg@cns.ki.se
authors.forename: Annika E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Stenberg
authors.forename: Lisskulla
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sylvén
authors.forename: Carl G M
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Magnusson
authors.forename: Malou
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hultcrantz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000276:immunology; D000906:Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000097:blood; D007621:Karyotyping; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology; D014424:Turner Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D003165:Complement System Proteins