title: Adaptation of the diaphragm and the vastus lateralis in mild-to-moderate COPD.
abstract: The chronology of diaphragm and vastus lateralis adaptation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has not been studied. The hypothesis of this study was that muscle changes would occur earlier in the diaphragm than in the vastus lateralis in COPD, a finding that would suggest that local factors would be more important than systemic factors in determining the muscle phenotypic expression, at least in mild-to-moderate disease. The adaptation of the vastus lateralis and diaphragm muscles was evaluated in patients with mild-to-moderate COPD and in subjects with normal pulmonary function. In both groups, the oxidative potential and the number of lipofuscin inclusions were higher in the diaphragm than in the vastus lateralis. Compared to control, the diaphragm in COPD had a higher oxidative capacity and a higher proportion of type I fibres, with a reciprocal decrease in type IIA fibres, while there was no difference in diaphragmatic cross sectional areas, capillarisation and lipofuscin inclusions. No significant differences were found in the vastus lateralis from both groups. In conclusion, these data indicate that the diaphragm in controls and in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease has a higher oxidative potential than the vastus lateralis, and that muscle adaptation occurs earlier in the diaphragm than in the vastus lateralis in mild-to-moderate chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Pneumologie, 2725 Chemin Ste-Foy, Ste-Foy, Québec, G1V 4G5, Canada.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doucet
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Debigaré
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Joanisse
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Côté
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leblanc
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grégoire
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deslauriers
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vaillancourt
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Maltais
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003964:Diaphragm / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008062:Lipofuscin / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D008062:Lipofuscin