title: Glycoconjugates for the recognition of Bacillus spores.
abstract: Carbohydrates act as ligands in many biological processes, including the folding and secretion of proteins, cell-cell recognition, adhesion, and sporulation in the Bacillus genus. Fluorescent-labeled disaccharide glycoconjugates have been applied to evaluate binding to bacterial spores assuming that the spore surface is covered with carbohydrates. This study has shown that specific recognition of bacterial spores is based on interactions between disaccharide glycoconjugates acting as ligands and monosaccharide units expressed on the exterior of bacterial spores. Using fluorophore-assisted carbohydrate electrophoresis (FACE), carbohydrates that are expressed on the exterior of the spores were enumerated. The findings have an impact on how to improve ligand selection, essential for sensor development. In addition, the findings provide new information for inhibition of bacterial spores, and in general, demonstrate how carbohydrates function as recognition signals in nature.
authors.affiliation: The Othmer Department of Chemical and Biological Sciences and Engineering, Polytechnic University, Brooklyn, NY 11201, USA.
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tarasenko
authors.forename: Sharmin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Paquiot
authors.forename: Kalle
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Levon
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D001407:Bacillus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001409:Bacillus cereus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015374:Biosensing Techniques; D004187:Disaccharides / Q000032:analysis; D004586:Electrophoresis; D019793:Fluorescein; D006001:Glycoconjugates / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008859:Microscopy, Polarization; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D000099166:Polyacrylamides
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D004187:Disaccharides; D019793:Fluorescein; D006001:Glycoconjugates; D000099166:Polyacrylamides