title: Evaluation of a single injection of a sustained-release formulation of moxidectin for prevention of experimental heartworm infection after 12 months in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of a single injection of a sustained-release formulation of moxidectin in preventing heartworm (Dirofilaria immitis) infection for 12 months in dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  14 healthy dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Group A (nontreated control dogs; n = 6) received sterile vehicle administered SC, and group B (treated dogs; n = 6) received a sustained-release formulation of moxidectin administered SC. All dogs were housed in a heartworm-endemic area for 11.5 months, and heartworm antigen and modified Knott tests were performed monthly. All dogs (including 2 additional control dogs [group C]) were then inoculated with infective-stage larvae (L3) of D. immitis, and 4.5 months later, all dogs were euthanatized and post-mortem examinations were performed. Adult D. immitis were counted and measured, and their age was estimated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All dogs in groups A and C were infected with young (4- to 4.5-month old) adult male and female D. immitis. No dogs in group B were infected with heartworms. CONCLUSIONS AND.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The age of heartworms recovered suggests that infection was the result of experimental inoculation and not natural exposure to mosquitoes during the 11.5-month period the dogs resided in a heartworm-endemic area. A single SC injection of a sustained-release formulation of moxidectin was effective in providing protection against heartworm infection after 12 months in dogs. This formulation is a convenient method of heartworm prophylaxis that could eliminate the problem of poor owner compliance.
authors.affiliation: Fort Dodge Australia Pty Ltd, PO Box 6024, Baulkham Hills BC, NSW, 2153, Australia.
authors.forename: Merete
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Holm-Martin
authors.forename: Rick
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Atwell
mesh_terms: D000330:Aedes / Q000469:parasitology; D000818:Animals; D000969:Antinematodal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001315:Australia; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004184:Dirofilariasis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004285:Dogs; D004341:Drug Evaluation / Q000662:veterinary; D018942:Macrolides / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000969:Antinematodal Agents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D018942:Macrolides; C027837:moxidectin