title: Dietary patterns and risk of colon cancer and adenoma in a cohort of men (United States).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Examining the effects of dietary patterns on cancer risk may provide insights beyond the assessment of individual foods or nutrients.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the health professionals follow-up cohort, associations between the 'prudent' and the 'western' dietary pattern and risk of colon cancer and adenomas were examined in 561 colon cancer cases and 1207 distal colon adenoma cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher prudent pattern scores were only weakly and non-significantly associated with decreased risk of colon cancer or distal colon adenoma (highest versus lowest quintile: colon cancer: multivariate adjusted relative risk (RR) = 0.84 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.64-1.10); p(trend) = 0.37; distal adenoma: multivariate odds ratio (OR) = 0.88 (95% CI = 0.73-1.08); p(trend) = 0.12). Our findings suggest a moderately increased risk of colon cancer and distal adenoma with higher western pattern scores (colon cancer: RR = 1.27 (95% CI = 0.96-1.69), p(trend) = 0.05; distal adenoma: OR = 1.28 (95% CI = 1.05-1.56), p(trend) = 0.01). Adding body mass index, which is positively related to western pattern and thus may be considered an intermediate endpoint between western pattern and colon cancer, attenuated associations somewhat but not substantially.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data do not provide evidence for an appreciable inverse association between higher prudent pattern scores and risk of colon cancer or distal colon adenomas, but do support a moderate positive association between higher western pattern scores and risk of colon cancer or distal colon adenomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, Harvard School of Public Health, 665 Huntington Avenue, Building 2, Boston, MA 02115, USA. kana.wu@channing.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Kana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Frank B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fuchs
authors.forename: Eric B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Rimm
authors.forename: Walter C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Willett
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giovannucci
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000453:epidemiology*; D017677:Age Distribution; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003113:Colonoscopy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004032:Diet / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004034:Diet Surveys; D015444:Exercise; D006282:Health Personnel; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People