title: Anti-thrombotic effect of proanthocyanidin, a purified ingredient of grape seed.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Moderate and regular consumption of wine reduces the risk of acute coronary thrombotic events. The mechanism of the anti-thrombotic effect of wine is not clear. Extract or purified ingredients of grapes have not yet been studied for anti-thrombotic effect.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anti-thrombotic effect of proanthocyanidin, a highly purified ingredient of grape seed, was assessed by a shear-induced thrombosis test in vitro and by a laser-induced thrombosis test in the mouse carotid artery, in vivo.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intravenously (20 mg/kg body weight, BW) or orally (2 x 200 mg/kg BW) administered proanthocyanidin significantly inhibited the laser-irradiation induced thrombus formation in the carotid artery (both P=0.01). Subsequent to oral administration of proanthocyanidin, in vitro platelet reactivity to shear stress has been inhibited. The latter suggests that the in vivo anti-thrombotic effect of proanthocyanidin may be due to a direct inhibitory effect on platelets.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Physiology, Faculty of Nutrition, and High Technology Research Centre, Kobe Gakuin University, Ikawadani-cho, Nishi-ku, Kobe 651-2180, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: Etsuko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Aki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Naemura
authors.forename: Yoshinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ijiri
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yamakoshi
authors.forename: Junichiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001780:Blood Coagulation Tests; D002339:Carotid Arteries; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D010979:Platelet Function Tests; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012639:Seeds; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*; D014920:Wine
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; C013221:proanthocyanidin