title: Echocardiographic parameters of ventricular dyssynchrony validation in patients with heart failure using sequential biventricular pacing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to evaluate the relationship between hemodynamic and ventricular dyssynchrony parameters in patients undergoing simultaneous and sequential biventricular pacing (BVP).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Various echocardiographic parameters of ventricular dyssynchrony have been proposed to screen and optimize BVP therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-one patients with heart failure undergoing BVP implantation were studied. Echocardiography coupled with tissue tracking and pulsed Doppler tissue imaging (DTI) was performed before and after BVP implantation and after three months of optimized BVP. Indexes of inter- or intraventricular dyssynchrony were correlated with hemodynamic changes during simultaneous and sequential BVP (10 intervals of right ventricular [RV] or left ventricular [LV] pre-excitation).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Variations in intra-LV delay(peak), intra-LV delay(onset), and index of LV dyssynchrony measured by pulsed DTI were highly correlated with those of cardiac output (r = -0.67, r = -0.64, and r = -0.67, respectively; p < 0.001) and mitral regurgitation (r = 0.68, r = 0.63, and r = 0.68, respectively; p < 0.001), whereas variations in the extent of myocardium displaying delayed longitudinal contraction (r = -0.48 and r = 0.51, respectively; p < 0.05) and the variations in septal-to-posterior wall motion delay (r = -0.41, p < 0.05 and r = 0.24, p = NS, respectively) were less correlated. The changes in interventricular dyssynchrony were not significantly correlated (p = NS). Compared with simultaneous BVP, individually optimized sequential BVP significantly increased cardiac output (p < 0.01), decreased mitral regurgitation (p < 0.05), and improved all parameters of intra-LV dyssynchrony (p < 0.01). At three months, a significant reverse mechanical LV remodeling was observed with significantly decreased LV volumes (p < 0.01) associated with an increased LV ejection fraction (p = 0.035).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Specific echocardiographic measurements of ventricular dyssynchrony are highly correlated with hemodynamic changes and may be a useful adjunct in the selection and optimization of BVP. Individually optimized sequential BVP provided a significant early hemodynamic improvement compared with simultaneous BVP.
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Cardiologique du Haut Leveque, Pessac, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bordachar
authors.forename: Stephane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lafitte
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reuter
authors.forename: Prashanthan
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jaïs
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haïssaguerre
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roudaut
authors.forename: Stephane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Garrigue
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Clementy
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002302:Cardiac Output; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000379:methods; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling