title: Cytotoxicity evaluation of gutta-percha solvents: Chloroform and GP-Solvent (limonene).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to compare the cytotoxicity of 2 gutta-percha solvents, chloroform and GP-Solvent, on cell line L929.
  
  
  METHODS
  2 gutta-percha solvents were diluted into the concentrations of 1:100, 1:400, and 1:800. The experiment was done in a 96-well tissue-culture plate. Cell viability of L929 was determined after each gutta-percha solvent was left in contact with MTT solution for 3 hours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both solvents proved toxic at the same levels of concentrations of 1:100 and 1:400 (P>.05). At the dilution of 1:800 the GP-Solvent seems to be more toxic than the chloroform (P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limitation of this experiment, GP-Solvent was not less cytotoxic than chloroform to the target cells. Because in clinical procedures we use a higher concentration of solvent to dissolve gutta-percha for retreatment than that used in this study, the overflowing of liquefied gutta-percha, or solvent out of apical foramen, should be a cause for concern.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry, Mahidol University Faculty of Dentistry, Bangkok, Thailand. dtlvj@mahidol.ac.uk
authors.forename: La-Ongthong
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Vajrabhaya
authors.forename: Suwanna K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Suwannawong
authors.forename: Roongrawee
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kamolroongwarakul
authors.forename: Lalita
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Pewklieng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002725:Chloroform / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D004396:Coloring Agents; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D006171:Gutta-Percha / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077222:Limonene; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D012997:Solvents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D013729:Terpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D012997:Solvents; D013729:Terpenes; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D002725:Chloroform; D006171:Gutta-Percha; D000077222:Limonene; C022616:thiazolyl blue