title: Effects of armagnac or vodka on platelet aggregation in healthy volunteers: a randomized controlled clinical trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiovascular mortality is especially low in southwest France (the French Paradox). In previous experimental studies, we found that alcohol-free extracts of armagnac could inhibit human platelet function in vitro and experimental thrombosis in vivo. To test the possible relevance of these findings, we tested the effects of daily use of small quantities of armagnac against same alcohol strength, polyphenol-free vodka in healthy volunteers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized controlled trial comparing 5-year old armagnac (30 ml/day for 2 weeks) to same alcoholic strength vodka, in 20 healthy volunteers, on platelet aggregation induced by ADP, collagen, and thrombin, as well as bleeding time, partial thromboplastin time (pTT), and plasma lipids during and after consumption. Platelet testing was done blind.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 14 days, ADP-induced platelet aggregation was inhibited more in armagnac (-31+/-3.2% compared to pretreatment values, p<.01) than in vodka (-11.0+/-6.8%, NS) users (p<.05, armagnac vs. vodka). A rebound increase of aggregation was found 2 weeks later in vodka but not in armagnac users. The same pattern was found for thrombin-induced aggregation, including post-treatment rebound. No effect was found on collagen-induced aggregation, bleeding time, pTT, or plasma lipids.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The chronic ingestion of moderate quantities of armagnac modified platelet aggregation to ADP in healthy volunteers. The difference with the effects of same alcohol degree vodka is in favour of an effect of the nonalcoholic fraction in the effects of armagnac, rather than just alcohol. All spirits may not be equal for cardioprotection.
authors.affiliation: Département de Pharmacologie, EA525 and EA3676, IFR99, Université Victor Segalen, CHU Pellegrin Carreire BP36, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Anwar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Umar
authors.forename: Fanny
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Depont
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jacquet
authors.forename: Severine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lignot
authors.forename: Marie Claude
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Segur
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boisseau
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bégaud
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Moore
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000328:Adult; D000434:Alcoholic Beverages; D001780:Blood Coagulation Tests; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D010636:Phenols / Q000494:pharmacology; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects*; D010979:Platelet Function Tests; D059808:Polyphenols; D013917:Thrombin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014920:Wine
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D005419:Flavonoids; D008055:Lipids; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols; D000431:Ethanol; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D003094:Collagen; D013917:Thrombin