title: DNA insitu hybridization in the diagnosis of human papillomavirus infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Certain types of human papillomavirus (HPV) are shown to be associated with the development of genital lesions. DNA hybridization methods are used for the diagnosis of HPV infections.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To use a nonradioactive DNA in situ hybridization system for the investigation of HPV infections responsible for the development of genital lesions in women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sections from archival paraffin embedded biopsy specimens of 59 cases were screened for the presence of HPV DNA sequences by using digoxigenin labeled DNA probe which is specific for all types of HPVs and digoxigenin detection system. The study group consisted of samples diagnosed as squamous hyperplasia of the vulva (group 1), koilocytosis (group 2), condyloma acuminatum/koilocytotic atypy (group 3), cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN), and epidermoid carcinoma (group 4).
  
  
  RESULTS
  No HPV DNA was detected in groups 1 and 2 which consisted of 3 and 13 specimens respectively. Seven of 11 (63.6%) specimens in group 3 and 7 of 32 (21.9%) in group 4 were found to be positive for in situ HPV DNA. Seven positive samples in group 3 and one positive sample in group 4 were typed as HPV 6/11. Five samples of the remaining positives in group 4 were typed as HPV 16/18. One case was found to be positive with both 16/18 and 31/33.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nonradioactive DNA in situ hybridization is an easy and efficient method to be performed for the diagnosis of HPV infections. Koilocytosis with atypy is directly correlated with HPV infection and it is suggested to monitor the CIN cases with HPV type 16/18 infection since the pathology can be progressive.
authors.affiliation: Microbiology and Clinical Microbiology Department, Ege University Medical Faculty, Bornova, Yzmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Erensoy
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Erhan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zeytinog Lu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ozacar
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ozdemir
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bilgic