Identification and testing of a gene expression signature of invasive carcinoma cells within primary mammary tumors.
We subjected cells collected using an in vivo invasion assay to cDNA microarray analysis to identify the gene expression profile of invasive carcinoma cells in primary mammary tumors. Expression of genes involved in cell division, survival, and cell motility were most dramatically changed in invasive cells indicating a population that is neither dividing nor apoptotic but intensely motile. In particular, the genes coding for the minimum motility machine that regulates beta-actin polymerization at the leading edge and, therefore, the motility and chemotaxis of carcinoma cells, were dramatically up-regulated. However, ZBP1, which restricts the localization of beta-actin, the substrate for the minimum motility machine, was down-regulated. This pattern of expression implicated ZBP1 as a suppressor of invasion. Reexpression of ZBP1 in metastatic cells with otherwise low levels of ZBP1 reestablished normal patterns of beta-actin mRNA targeting and suppressed chemotaxis and invasion in primary tumors. ZBP1 reexpression also inhibited metastasis from tumors. These experiments support the involvement in metastasis of the pathways identified in invasive cells, which are regulated by ZBP1.
Wang
Weigang
W
Department of Anatomy and Structural Biology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10461, USA. wgwang@accom.yu.edu
Goswami
Sumanta
S
Lapidus
Kyle
K
Wells
Amber L
AL
Wyckoff
Jeffrey B
JB
Sahai
Erik
E
Singer
Robert H
RH
Segall
Jeffrey E
JE
Condeelis
John S
JS
D000199:Actins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000235:genetics*; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000187:drug effects; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D015854:Up-Regulation
D000199:Actins; C498634:Igf2bp1 protein, rat; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor