title: Steroid receptor coactivator-1 splice variants differentially affect corticosteroid receptor signaling.
abstract: The mechanisms of receptor- and cell-specific effects of the adrenal corticosteroid hormones via mineralo- (MRs) and glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) are still poorly understood. Because the expression levels of two splice variants of the steroid receptor coactivator-1 (SRC-1) 1a and 1e, can differ significantly in certain cell populations, we tested the hypothesis that their relative abundance could determine cell- and receptor-specific effects of corticosteroid receptor-mediated transcription. In transient transfections, we demonstrate three novel types of SRC-1a- and SRC-1e-specific effects for corticosteroid receptors. One is promoter dependence: SRC-1e much more potently coactivated transcription from several multiple response element-containing promoters. Mammalian 1-hydrid studies indicated that this likely does not involve promoter-specific coactivator recruitment. Endogenous phenylethanolamine-N-methyltransferase mRNA induction via GRs was also differentially affected by the splice variants. Another type is receptor specificity: responses mediated by the N-terminal part of the MR, but not the GR, were augmented by SRC-1e at synergizing response elements. SRC fragment SRC(988-1240) by the MR but not the GR N-terminal fragment in a 1-hybrid assay. The last type, for GRs, is ligand dependence. Due to effects on partial agonism of RU486-activated GRs, different ratios of SRC-1a and 1e can lead to large differences in the extent of antagonism of RU486 on GR-mediated transcription. Furthermore, we show that SRC-1e but not SRC-1a mRNA expression was regulated in the pituitary by corticosterone. We conclude that the cellular differences in SRC-1a to SRC-1e ratio demonstrated in vivo might be involved in cell-specific responses to corticosteroids in a promoter- and ligand-dependent way.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medical Pharmacology, Leiden/Amsterdam Center for Drug Research and Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9503, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands. o.meijer@lacdr.leidenuniv.nl
authors.forename: O C
authors.initials: OC
authors.lastname: Meijer
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kalkhoven
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: van der Laan
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Steenbergen
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Houtman
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Dijkmans
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pearce
authors.forename: E R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: de Kloet
mesh_terms: D017398:Alternative Splicing; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003345:Corticosterone / Q000378:metabolism; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008024:Ligands; D008954:Models, Biological; D056920:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 1; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011987:Receptors, Steroid / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011987:Receptors, Steroid; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; C538859:NCOA1 protein, human; D056920:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 1; D003345:Corticosterone