cAMP-PKA signaling to the mitochondria: protein scaffolds, mRNA and phosphatases.
Energy metabolism and, specifically, the coupling of mitochondria to growth and survival is controlled by the cAMP-PKA pathway in yeast. In higher eukaryotes, cAMP signaling originating at the plasma membrane is distributed to different subcellular districts by cAMP waves received by PKA bound to PKA anchor proteins (AKAPs) tethered to these compartments. This review focuses on the subgroup of AKAPs that anchor PKA to the mitochondrial outer membrane (mtAKAPs). Only PKA anchored to mtAKAPs can efficiently transmit cAMP signals to mitochondria. mtAKAP complexes are remarkably heterogeneous. In addition to PKA regulatory subunits, they may include mRNAs, tyrosine phosphatase(s) and tyrosine kinase(s). Selective regulation of these components by cAMP-PKA integrates various signal transduction pathways and can determine which subcellular compartment receives the signal. Unveiling the interactions among the components of these large complexes will shed light on how cAMP and PKA regulate vital mitochondrial processes.
Feliciello
Antonio
A
Dipartimento di Biologia e Patologia Molecolare e Cellulare, Istituto di Endocrinologia ed Oncologia Sperimentale del C.N.R., Università Federico II, 80131 Napoli, Italy. feliciel@unina.it
Gottesman
Max E
ME
Avvedimento
Enrico V
EV
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000502:physiology; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008322:Mammals; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D021381:Protein Transport; D034443:RNA Transport; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D015003:Yeasts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure
D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases