title: Preconditioning with sevoflurane decreases PECAM-1 expression and improves one-year cardiovascular outcome in coronary artery bypass graft surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cardiac preconditioning is thought to be involved in the observed decreased coronary artery reocclusion rate in patients with angina preceding myocardial infarction. We prospectively examined whether preconditioning by sevoflurane would decrease late cardiac events in patients undergoing coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-two patients scheduled for elective CABG surgery were randomized to preconditioning by sevoflurane (10 min at 4 vol%) or placebo. For all patients, follow-up of adverse cardiac events was obtained 6 and 12 months after surgery. Transcript levels for platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1 (PECAM-1/CD31), catalase and heat shock protein 70 (Hsp70) were determined in atrial biopsies after sevoflurane preconditioning.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pharmacological preconditioning by sevoflurane reduced the incidence of late cardiac events during the first year after CABG surgery (sevoflurane 3% vs 17% in the placebo group, log-rank test, P=0.038). One patient in the sevoflurane group and three patients in the placebo group experienced new episodes of congestive heart failure and three additional patients had coronary artery reocclusion. Perioperative peak concentrations for myocardial injury markers were higher in patients with subsequent late cardiac events [NTproBNP, 9031 (4125) vs 3049 (1906) ng litre(-1), P<0.001; cTnT, 1.31 (0.88) vs 0.46 (0.29) microg litre(-1), P<0.001]. Transcript levels were reduced for PECAM-1 and increased for catalase but unchanged for Hsp70 in atrial biopsies after sevoflurane preconditioning.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This prospective randomized clinical study provides evidence of a protective role for pharmacological preconditioning by sevoflurane in late cardiac events in CABG patients, which may be related to favourable transcriptional changes in pro- and antiprotective proteins.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Anesthesiology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Julier
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bestmann
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zollinger
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: von Segesser
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pasch
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Spahn
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zaugg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D019157:Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D000077149:Sevoflurane