title: Progress report on the potential of angiogenesis inhibitors for neuro-oncology.
abstract: New therapies for brain tumors are urgently needed. Brain tumors are highly vascularized, supporting the potential of anti-angiogenic therapies in their treatment. The promise of blocking tumor growth through inhibiting new blood vessel formation with anti-angiogenic agents has been heralded as a therapeutic breakthrough, and pre-clinical data supported this enthusiasm. However, early clinical trials in humans have been somewhat disappointing. Nonetheless, great optimism for these agents remains, and many new anti-angiogenic agents and strategies are being evaluated pre-clinically and in clinical trials. A number of issues need to be considered in the application of these agents to neuro-oncology. In this review, we discuss the biology of blood vessel formation in the brain and brain tumors as it relates to anti-angiogenic therapies. The difficulties inherent in performing clinical trials of anti-angiogenic therapies in patients with brain tumors are outlined. Finally, we consider numerous individual antiangiogenic and antivascular therapies now in pre-clinical testing or in clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Neuro-Oncology Branch, National Cancer Institute, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-4089, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Purow
authors.forename: Howard A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Fine
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006801:Humans; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents