title: Immediate complications of laparoscopic tubal sterilization: 11 years of experience.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the complications of laparoscopic tubal sterilization.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study of laparoscopic tubal sterilization performed at Maharaj Nakorn Chiang Mai Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai, Thailand was conducted. The details of the operation, including complications and operation time were collected from the operative and family planning registry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between January 1987 and December 1997, 948 cases of laparoscopic tubal sterilization were performed as an outpatient setting. The combination of intravenous sedation and local anesthesia was employed in all cases. Minor intra-operative complications were found in 4.6% of cases. The most frequent complications were meso-salphingeal and meso-ovarian bleeding. No serious complication was found in this study. The mean operation time was 19.3 minutes (range 5-75 minutes).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study suggested that out-patient laparoscopic tubal sterilization under the combination of intravenous sedation and local anesthesia is a convenient and relatively safe procedure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, 110 Intravaroros Road, Sripoom, Muang, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
authors.forename: Somsak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chaovisitsaree
authors.forename: Wirawit
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Piyamongkol
authors.forename: Saipin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pongsatha
authors.forename: Chairat
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kunaviktikul
authors.forename: Nuntana
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Morakote
authors.forename: Waraporn
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chandarawong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013246:Sterilization, Tubal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013785:Thailand