title: [Risk factors associated with reinfection of Schistosoma japonicum].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the risk factors of Schistosoma japonicum reinfection after chemotherapy in a hilly endemic area.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a hilly endemic area of S. japonica, data on contact to contaminated water and the rates of reinfection after mass praziquantel treatment were collected from residents who participated in a prospective cohort study on S. japonica. An unconditional logistic regression analysis was performed to identify the risk factors associated with the reinfection of S. japonicum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Logistic regression analysis data showed that three factors were associated with S. japonicum reinfection: eggs per gram stool (EPG) prior to chemotherapy (OR = 2.066, 95% CI: 1.173 - 3.639), gender (OR = 4.260, 95% CI: 1.275 - 14.235) and average degree of exposure (Index B) from April to October (OR = 1.138, 95% CI: 1.045 - 1.240). Interaction between gender and average exposure Index B from April to October was identified (OR = 0.875, 95% CI: 0.817 - 0.982).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Eggs per gram stool (EPG) prior to chemotherapy, level of exposure to infected water and gender were risk factors for reinfection with S. japonicum after chemotherapy. In addition, there appeared an antagonism between gender and level of exposure to infected water.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Qing-Wu
authors.initials: QW
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D010270:Parasite Egg Count; D011223:Praziquantel / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012554:Schistosomiasis japonica / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012908:Snails / Q000469:parasitology*
chemical_list: D011223:Praziquantel