Results of clinical-toxicological assessments performed in the Poison Control Centre in Zagreb over a 10-year period.
The aim of this study was to see which harmful substances and which occupational settings most often required toxicological assessment, to evaluate exposure data provided by employers and to see to what extent could this assessment rely on actual measurements of harmful substances in a working environment. We reviewed the documentation that was submitted for toxicological assessment in all patients referred from occupational health physicians between 1992 and 2001. From 1992 to 2001, the Poison Control Centre performed a total of 260 toxicological evaluations of occupational exposure to harmful chemicals. In 162 cases (62%), measurements of harmful substance concentrations in the working environment would have been of primary significance for the best comparison of potential adverse effects and the level of exposure. The most frequent was exposure to organic solvents in the production line and the use of various paints and varnishes, adhesives and thinners in shoe, chemical and metal-processing industry. Follows exposure to respiratory irritants, mostly in plastic and metal processing. However, measurement data of harmful substances in the working environment were available only in 24 cases, that is, in 9% of all documents submitted for toxicological assessment. Exposure to organic solvents is characteristic for a large number of work places in industry and small enterprises in Croatia, and it is necessary to carry out a more comprehensive study about the real levels of exposure and modes of effective control. It is important because the EU regulations on the indicative occupational exposure limits (OELs) of harmful substances in the working environment, that will soon be implemented into Croatian legislation, recommend a reduction of maximum allowable concentrations (MAC) for commonly used solvents.
Turk
Rajka
R
Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Zagreb, Croatia. rturk@imi.hr
Plavec
Davor
D
Milković-Kraus
Sanja
S
Macan
Jelena
J
D017523:Croatia; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D011039:Poison Control Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014116:Toxicology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*