title: Individual monitoring for internal exposure in Europe and the integration of dosimetric data.
abstract: The European Radiation Dosimetry Group, EURADOS, established a working group consisting of experts whose aim is to assist in the process of harmonisation of individual monitoring as part of the protection of occupationally exposed workers. A catalogue of facilities and internal dosimetric techniques related to individual monitoring in Europe has been completed as a result of this EURADOS study. A questionnaire was sent in 2002 to services requesting information on various topics including type of exposures, techniques used for direct and indirect measurements including calibration and sensitivity data and the methods employed for the assessment of internal doses. Information relating to Quality Control procedures for direct and indirect measurements, Quality Assurance Programmes in the facilities and legal requirements for "approved dosimetric services" were also considered. A total of 71 completed questionnaires were returned by internal dosimetry facilities in 26 countries. This results in an overview of the actual status of the processes used in internal exposure estimation in Europe. In many ways harmonisation is a reality in internal dose assessments, especially when taking into account the measurements of the activity retained or excreted from the body. However, a future study detailing the estimation of minimum detectable activity in the laboratories is highly recommended. Points to focus on in future harmonisation activities are as follows: the process of calculation of doses from measured activity, establishment of guidelines, similar dosimetric tools and application of the same ICRP recommendations. This would lead to a better and more harmonised approach to the estimation of internal exposures in all European facilities.
authors.affiliation: CIEMAT-Internal Dosimetry, Avda. Complutense 22, 28040 Madrid, Spain. ma.lopez@ciemat.es
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lopez Ponte
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Castellani
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Currivan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Falk
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Olko
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wernli
mesh_terms: D001822:Body Burden; D003625:Data Collection; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005060:Europe; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D007373:Interinstitutional Relations; D007391:International Cooperation; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011834:Radiation Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011874:Radiometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012015:Reference Standards; D017751:Safety Management / Q000379:methods / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*