[Therapy of tic-disorders].
BACKGROUND
Within the last decade therapeutic approaches to tic disorders are reflected in many new studies. The advent of novel neuroleptics and the more sophisticated behavioural therapeutic techniques may give new hope to children and adolescents with tic disorders.


OBJECTIVE
Hence, the progress in the field should be explored to find out the state of the art.


METHODS
A critical review of the empirically based literature and practical experience.


RESULTS
Worldwide, drug treatment with clonidine and (from the group of novel antipsychotics) risperidone show the broadest empirical basis while in Europe benzamides have a good empirical clinical background. Behaviour therapy presents more and more helpful empirical data.


CONCLUSIONS
Risperidone may become the first-line drug in treatment of tic disorders and behaviour therapy might be increasingly used within a multimodal treatment program.
Roessner
Veit
V
Klinik für Kinder- und Jugendpsychiatrie und Psychotherapie, Universität Göttingen. vroessn@gwdg.de
Banaschewski
Tobias
T
Rothenberger
Aribert
A
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D001549:Benzamides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D003000:Clonidine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D018967:Risperidone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013981:Tic Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*
D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001549:Benzamides; D018967:Risperidone; D003000:Clonidine