title: Colon cancer secreted protein-2 (CCSP-2), a novel candidate serological marker of colon neoplasia.
abstract: Cancers of the colon and rectum are the second leading cause of cancer death among adult Americans. When detected at early stages, colon cancer is highly curable. Colonoscopy, an effective but invasive screening test, has been limited in its public acceptance. The goal of this study was to identify novel serum markers of colon cancers and precancerous colon adenomas as potential candidates for noninvasive detection of early colon neoplasms. Employing expression microarrays, we identified colon cancer secreted protein-2 (CCSP-2) as a novel transcript whose expression is generally absent in normal colon and other normal body tissues, but that is induced an average of 78-fold in Stage II, III, and IV colon cancers, as well as in colon adenomas and colon cancer cell lines. These findings were validated by real-time PCR analysis in an independent panel of colon cancer cases. Moreover, CCSP-2 was shown to encode a secreted protein that circulates stably and is detectable in the blood of mice bearing human cancer xenografts transfected with epitope-tagged CCSP-2. As a novel secreted protein that is markedly induced in colon adenomas and cancers, CCSP-2 is a novel candidate for development as a diagnostic serum marker of early stage colon cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Ireland Comprehensive Cancer Center, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
authors.forename: Baozhong
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Platzer
authors.forename: Stephen P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Fink
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Reese
authors.forename: Arman
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nosrati
authors.forename: James K V
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Willson
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Sanford
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Markowitz
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors; C496188:VWA2 protein, human