title: The macromolecular polymers for the preparation of hydrodynamically balanced systems--methods of evaluation.
abstract: Evaluation of macromolecular polymers used as excipients for the preparation of hydrodynamically balanced systems (HBS) was carried out. Hard gelatine capsules were filled with polymeric substances belonging to various chemical groups (chitosan, sodium alginate, hydroxypropylmethycellulose--HPMC). The following properties of the HBS were investigated: density, hydration, erosion and floating force. The solvent penetration process into the HBS was visualized using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique. Densities of the HBS in hydrochloric acid (0.1 M) ranged from 0.37 g/cm3 to 0.71 g/cm3. Each polymer demonstrated different hydration/erosion abilities and floating properties. The maximum floating force (F(float max)) for capsules size 0, ranged from 26.7 mN (sodium alginate) to 64.7 mN (chitosan). HBS formulations also varied in time to reach maximum floating force (T(float max)). HPMC and sodium alginate formulation reached F(float max) within half an hour after immersion, while in the case of chitosan formulations (deacetylation degree (d.d.) 66% and d.d. 93%), the time was 184 minutes and 218 minutes respectively. The floating properties of the dosage forms were reliant on type of the polymer and the medium-fasted state simulated gastric fluid (FaSSGF) or fed state simulated gastric fluid (FeSSGF). The size of the HBS influenced the floating force value. The mechanisms of erosion and swelling of the polymeric matrices play a dominant role in flotation of the dosage forms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmaceutics, Pharmaceutical Faculty, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dorozyński
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jachowicz
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kulinowski
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kwieciński
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Szybiński
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Skórka
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jasiński
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry; D002214:Capsules; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry; D004339:Drug Compounding; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005079:Excipients / Q000737:chemistry*; D005780:Gelatin / Q000737:chemistry; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D020100:Hydrogels; D065347:Hypromellose Derivatives; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008747:Methylcellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D008970:Molecular Weight; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D002214:Capsules; D005079:Excipients; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D020100:Hydrogels; D011108:Polymers; D012997:Solvents; D014867:Water; D065347:Hypromellose Derivatives; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D005780:Gelatin; D008747:Methylcellulose; D048271:Chitosan