title: The incremental value of troponin-I testing in patients with intermediate risk unstable angina.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Classification of patients with unstable angina (UA) by Agency for Health Care Policy and Research (AHCPR) guidelines in the emergency department reliably stratifies risk of death or myocardial infarction (MI) for triage to outpatient evaluation (low-risk), hospitalization (high-risk), or additional testing (intermediate-risk). Cardiac troponin-I elevation may identify patients at higher risk, but the incremental value may vary with AHCPR clinical risk.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to determine whether cardiac troponin-I had any additional value beyond triage based upon history, physical examination, and electrocardiogram, in the evaluation of patients with UA.
  
  
  METHODS
  In all, 212 consecutive patients with UA and normal serum creatine kinase (CK)-MB levels and elevated troponin-I were risk stratified by AHCPR guidelines to evaluate the incremental value of adding routine troponin-I measurements to our current model for risk stratification.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Primary events (death/nonfatal MI) occurred in 35% of high-risk, 15% of intermediate-risk, and 0% of low-risk patients (p < 0.001 by chi-square for trend). High troponin-I (> or =2.0 ng/dl) occurred in 48% of high-risk, 21% of intermediate-risk, and 19% of low-risk patients. The remaining patients in each risk group had indeterminate troponin-I levels (> or =0.4 < 2 ng/dl). Of those with high troponin-I, a primary event occurred in 36, 42, and 0% in the respective high-, intermediate-, and low-risk groups (p < 0.001). High troponin-I levels corresponded with a statistically significant increased rate of primary events only in patients at AHCPR intermediate risk: 42.4 vs. 7.3%, p < 0.001.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The AHCPR guidelines risk stratify patients with UA. High troponin-I adds significant (p < 0.001) prognostic value in the patients at AHCPR intermediate risk and should be evaluated further in larger trials of such patients.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Institute, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Evan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Appelbaum
authors.forename: M Urooj
authors.initials: MU
authors.lastname: Zafar
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Glick
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stec
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Southern
authors.forename: Laszlo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sarkozi
authors.forename: Sylvan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wallenstein
authors.forename: James H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chesebro
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Farkouh
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D000789:Angina, Unstable / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003955:Diagnostic Tests, Routine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000592:standards*; D014218:Triage / Q000592:standards; D019210:Troponin I / Q000276:immunology; D014481:United States; D016270:United States Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019210:Troponin I