title: Growth hormone improves mobility and body composition in infants and toddlers with Prader-Willi syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effect of growth hormone (GH) on body composition and motor development in infants and toddlers with Prader-Willi syndrome (PWS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-nine subjects with PWS (4-37 months of age) were randomized to GH treatment (1mg/m 2 /day) or observation for 12 months. Percent body fat, lean body mass, and bone mineral density were measured by dual x-ray absorptiometry; energy expenditure was measured by deuterium dilution; and motor constructs of mobility (M) and stability (S) were assessed using the Toddler Infant Motor Evaluation (TIME).
  
  
  RESULTS
  GH-treated subjects, compared with controls, demonstrated decreased percent body fat (mean, 22.6% +/- 8.9% vs 28.5% +/- 7.9%; P < .001), increased lean body mass (mean, 9.82 +/- 1.9 kg vs 6.3 +/- 1.9 kg; P < .001), and increased height velocity Z scores (mean, 5. 0 +/- 1.8 vs 1.4 +/- 1.0; P < .001). Patients who began GH before 18 months of age showed higher mobility skill acquisition compared with controls within the same age range (mean increase in raw score, 284 +/- 105 vs 206 +/- 63; P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GH treatment of infants and toddlers with PWS for 12 months significantly improves body composition and when begun before 18 months of age increases mobility skill acquisition. These results suggest that GH therapy instituted early in life may lessen deterioration of body composition in PWS while also accelerating motor development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Wisconsin Children's Hospital, Madison, USA. alcarrel@wisc.edu
authors.forename: Aaron L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Carrel
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Moerchen
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: M Tracy
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Bekx
authors.forename: Barbara Y
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Whitman
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Allen
mesh_terms: D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects*; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005260:Female; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D011218:Prader-Willi Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019382:Human Growth Hormone