title: [Secreted phospholipases A2 (sPLA2): friends or foes? Are they actors in antibacterial and anti-HIV resistance?].
abstract: In this paper the authors update on the deletereous or beneficial roles of human and animal secretory phospholipases A2 (sPLA2). Although human sPLA2-IIA (inflammatory) was initially thought as a foe because its pathogenic implication in sepsis, multiorganic failure or other related syndromes, recent data indicates its role in in the antiinfectious host resistance. Thus, sPLA2-IIA exhibits potent bactericidal activities against gram-negative and gram-positive (in this case, together with other endogenous inflammatory factors) bacteria. Surprisingly, human sPLA-IIA does not show in vitro anti-human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) activity, whilst several sPLA2-IA isolated from bee and serpent venons do it: this is the case for crotoxin, a sPLA2-IA isolated from the venon of Crotalus durissus terrificus (sPLA2-Cdt). The mechanism for the in vitro anti-HIV activity of sPLA2-Cdt (inhibition of Gag p24) appears to be related to the ability of the drug to desestabilize ancorage (heparans) and fusion (cholesterol) receptors on HIV target cells.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Inmunología, Jelp and Research, Jaén, Spain. vgvilla@terra.es
authors.forename: Vicente G
authors.initials: VG
authors.lastname: Villarrubia
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Roberto A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Díez
mesh_terms: D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000502:physiology*; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000502:physiology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D010741:Phospholipases A