title: Chemosensitization by erythropoietin through inhibition of the NF-kappaB rescue pathway.
abstract: Two cell lines that exemplify erythropoietin (EPO) receptor-positive tumors, human renal carcinoma cell lines RCC and the myelomonocytic leukemia cell line U937, were investigated for the apoptosis-modulatory potential of EPO. Cells cultured in the presence of EPO exhibited an elevated apoptotic response to cancer chemotherapeutic agents such as daunorubicin (Dauno) and vinblastine (VBL). Chemosensitization by EPO did not involve an increase in p53 activation, yet correlated with enhanced Bax/Bak-dependent mitochondrial membrane perturbation and caspase maturation. In vitro monotherapy with Dauno or VBL induced the degradation of IkappaBalpha, provoked the translocation of NF-kappaB p65/50 to the nucleus and stimulated the expression of an NF-kappaB-activatable reporter gene. All these signs of NF-kappaB activation were perturbed in the presence of EPO. Inhibition of JAK2, one of the receptor-proximal elements of EPO-mediated signal transduction, greatly diminished the EPO-mediated chemosensitization and NF-kappaB inhibition. EPO lost its death-facilitating effects in the presence of an NF-kappaB inhibitor, underscoring the cause-effect relationship between EPO-mediated chemosensitization and NF-kappaB inhibition. Altogether, these results suggest that, at least in a specific subset of tumors, EPO receptor agonists can prevent activation of the NF-kappaB pathway, thereby enhancing the propensity of EPO receptor-positive tumor cells to undergo apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: INSERM-U542, Paris XI University, Hôpital Paul Brousse, 16 avenue Paul Vaillant Couturier, F-94802 Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: Gabrielle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lefaucheur
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cherbonnier
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Métivier
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chapel
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pallardy
authors.forename: Marie-Françoise
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Bourgeade
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Charpentier
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hirsch
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kroemer
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003630:Daunorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D053614:Janus Kinase 2; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D017467:Receptors, Erythropoietin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D020298:U937 Cells; D014747:Vinblastine / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D016328:NF-kappa B; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D017467:Receptors, Erythropoietin; D004921:Erythropoietin; D014747:Vinblastine; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C507924:JAK2 protein, human; D053614:Janus Kinase 2; D003630:Daunorubicin