title: Simple bone cysts of the calcaneus: a report of five cases and a review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Simple bone cysts of the calcaneus are relatively uncommon. There is no clear consensus on either their etiology or management. Pathological fractures of such cysts are exceptionally rare.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five simple bone cysts of the calcaneus were present in three males and two females with an average age of 44 years. One patient presented with pain, three cysts were incidental findings on ankle radiographs, and one patient presented with a fracture after a significant fall.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All five were managed nonoperatively and had satisfactory outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A review the literature on the etiology and management of simple bone cysts of the calcaneus and the outcomes of these patients indicate that complications of these cysts are rare and nonoperative management is appropriate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics, Milton Keynes General Hospital, Eaglestone, Milton Keynes, MK6 5LD, UK. sjhanna@lycos.co.uk
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hanna
authors.forename: Davor
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dasic
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Floyd
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001845:Bone Cysts / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D002111:Calcaneus; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged