title: Cardiovascular risk factors in Turkish immigrants with type 2 diabetes mellitus: comparison with Dutch patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Based on recent epidemiological studies the need for a similar approach towards management of cardiovascular risk factors in type 2 diabetics with different ethnic background can be questioned. We compared the prevalence of cardiovascular risk factors and 10-year absolute risk for a coronary heart disease between Turkish and Dutch type 2 diabetes patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study was performed using databases from three Dutch studies on type 2 diabetes, comparing 147 Turkish to 294 Dutch diabetes patients, matched for age and gender. Main outcome measures were: total (t-) cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL), triglyceride, blood pressure, and smoking. The 10-year absolute risk for a coronary event was calculated by means of the Framingham risk equation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Turkish diabetics t-cholesterol was lower than in Dutch (5.4 vs. 5.9 mmol/l; p < 0.001), in Turkish males HDL was lower than in Dutch male patients (0.94 vs. 1.08 mmol/l; p = 0.04). The total/HDL-cholesterol ratio in Turkish and Dutch diabetics was equal (5.4 vs. 5.4). Less Turkish than Dutch females smoked (9% vs. 23%; p<0.01). The 10-year absolute risk for a coronary event in both Turkish and Dutch male patients was 24%; the risk in Turkish vs. Dutch females was 13% vs. 15% (not significant).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The absolute risk for a coronary event in Turkish type 2 diabetes patients is similar to the risk in Dutch diabetes patients, although important differences in the risk profile exist, in particular, the lipid profile and smoking habits differ.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Policy and Management, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. uitewaal@bmg.eur.nl
authors.forename: Paul J M
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Uitewaal
authors.forename: Alex N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Goudswaard
authors.forename: Lielith J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Ubink-Veltmaat
authors.forename: Lielith J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Ubnik-Veltmaat
authors.forename: Marc A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bruijnzeels
authors.forename: Arno W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Hoes
authors.forename: Siep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thomas
mesh_terms: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014421:Turkey / Q000208:ethnology
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides