title: Role of Nedd4 and ubiquitination of Rous sarcoma virus Gag in budding of virus-like particles from cells.
abstract: Rous sarcoma virus (RSV) budding requires an interaction of the L domain within the p2b region of Gag with cellular Nedd4-family E3 ubiquitin protein ligases. Members of our laboratories previously demonstrated that overexpression of a fragment of the chicken Nedd4-like protein (LDI-1 WW) inhibits Gag release in a dominant-negative manner (A. Kikonyogo, F. Bouamr, M. L. Vana, Y. Xiang, A. Aiyar, C. Carter, and J. Leis, Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. USA 98:11199-11204, 2001). We have now identified the complete 3' end of LDI-1 and determined that it has a C-terminal ubiquitin ligase HECT domain, similar to other Nedd4 family members. While overexpression of the full-length LDI-1 clone (LDI-1 FL) had little effect on Gag budding, an LDI-1 FL mutant with a substitution in the HECT domain catalytic site blocked Gag release, similar to LDI-1 WW. The coexpression of Gag and hemagglutinin-tagged ubiquitin (HA-Ub) resulted in the detection of mono- and polyubiquitinated forms of Gag in cells and mostly monoubiquitinated Gag in virus-like particles (VLPs). When the Nedd4-binding site (L domain) was deleted, ubiquitinated Gag was not detected. Interestingly, the release of Gag with ubiquitin covalently linked to the C terminus (Gag-Ub) was still blocked by LDI-1 WW. To understand the mechanism of this inhibition, we examined cells expressing Gag and LDI-1 WW by electron microscopy. In the presence of LDI-1 WW, VLPs were found in electron-dense inclusion bodies in the cytoplasm of transfected cells. In contrast, when cells that coexpressed Gag-Ub and LDI-1 WW were examined, inclusion bodies were detected but did not contain VLPs. These results indicate that the ubiquitination of Gag is dependent upon Nedd4 binding to the L domain and suggest that Nedd4 has additional functions during RSV release besides the ubiquitination of Gag.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, 303 East Chicago Ave., Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
authors.forename: Marcy L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Vana
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Aiping
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Gisselle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001358:Avian Sarcoma Viruses / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D019556:COS Cells; D002460:Cell Line; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D056827:Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D015683:Gene Products, gag / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D000075702:Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases; D011817:Rabbits; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism*; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014771:Virion / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D056827:Endosomal Sorting Complexes Required for Transport; D015683:Gene Products, gag; D025801:Ubiquitin; D000075702:Nedd4 Ubiquitin Protein Ligases; C000618483:Nedd4 protein, human; C000618461:Nedd4l protein, mouse; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases