title: Randomized trial of three different regimens for 24 weeks for re-treatment of chronic hepatitis C patients who failed to respond to interferon-alpha monotherapy in Taiwan.
abstract: With the favorable result of interferon (IFN)-ribavirin combination therapy for 24 weeks among naive Taiwanese chronic hepatitis C (CHC) patients, the optimal regimens of re-treatment for CHC patients who failed initial IFN monotherapy is not well-established. The study evaluated the effectiveness of re-treatment for 24 weeks with 3 different regimens and predictors for sustained virological response (SVR).
  
  
  METHODS
  Total 120 Taiwanese CHC patients (81 males, 70 relapsers, mean age: 48.6 years) who failed initial IFN monotherapy were enrolled. They were assigned randomly (with a ratio of 1:1:2) to receive one of the three regimens for re-treatment for 24 weeks; group A: IFN 6 million units (MU) monotherapy (N=30), group B: combination therapy with ribavirin and IFN 3 MU (N=30) or group C: combination therapy with ribavirin and IFN 6 MU (N=60). The intention-to-treat rate of sustained virological response (SVR) was 38.3%. The SVR rate in group C (53.3%) was significantly higher than group A (16.7%, P<0.005) and group B (30%, P<0.05). Drop-out rates were similar between the three groups. Patients achieving SVR had significant improvement histologically. Hepatitis C virus (HCV) genotype non-1b infection, lower pretreatment HCV RNA levels, combined with ribavirin and with higher IFN dose, and relapsers were independent predictors for SVR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We concluded that more than one-third Taiwanese CHC patients achieved SVR after 24 weeks re-treatment and combination therapy, especially with higher dose of IFN, yielded higher efficacy.
authors.affiliation: Hepatobiliary Division, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Wan-Long
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Chia-Yen
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Shinn-Cherng
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Li-Po
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Zu-Yau
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Ming-Yuh
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Liang-Yen
authors.initials: LY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ming-Lung
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Wen-Yu
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011336:Probability; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013624:Taiwan; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012254:Ribavirin