[Usefulness of conscious sedation with midazoram during transesophageal echocardiographic examination].
OBJECTIVE
Although transesophageal echocardiography is useful to identify various cardiovascular diseases, the semi-invasive nature of the examination hampers its routine application. We investigated whether conscious sedation using a low dose of intravenous midazoram was safe and useful during the examination.


METHODS
We asked 55 consecutive patients undergoing transesophageal echocardiography (44 with midazoram, mean age 59 +/- 16 years, and 11 without midazoram, mean age 62 +/- 8 years) and the examiners about the effects of midazoram using a questionnaire.


RESULTS
The mean dose of midazoram was 2.2 mg (range 1-3.5 mg). All examinations were done without any adverse events. Eighty-two percent of the patients with midazoram considered the examination under conscious sedation tolerable, whereas 91% without midazoram felt it untolerable. Most examiners felt manipulation of the echo probe was easier in patients with midazoram than in those without (69% vs 27%).


CONCLUSIONS
Conscious sedation with a low dose of intravenous midazoram facilitated and increased patient tolerance during transesophageal echocardiographic examination.
Hashimoto
Shuji
S
Echocardiography Laboratory, National Cardiovascular Center, Suita, Osaka.
Nakatani
Satoshi
S
Tanimura
Masakazu
M
Nakasone
Izuru
I
Tanaka
Norio
N
Masuda
Yoshikazu
Y
Kim
Jiyoong
J
Kanzaki
Hideaki
H
Kitakaze
Masafumi
M
Miyatake
Kunio
K
D000368:Aged; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016292:Procedural Sedation; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam; D008875:Middle Aged; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D008874:Midazolam