title: Mitochondrial beta-oxidation in Aspergillus nidulans.
abstract: Beta-oxidation (beta-ox) occurs exclusively in the peroxisomes of Saccharomyces cerevisiae and other yeasts, leading to the supposition that fungi lack mitochondrial beta-ox. Here we present unequivocal evidence that the filamentous fungus Aspergillus nidulans houses both peroxisomal and mitochondrial beta-ox. While growth of a peroxisomal beta-ox disruption mutant (DeltafoxA) was eliminated on a very long-chain fatty acid (C(22:1)), growth was only partially impeded on a long-chain fatty acid (C(18:1)) and was not affected at all on short chain (C4-C6) fatty acids. In contrast, growth of a putative enoyl-CoA hydratase mutant (DeltaechA) was abolished on short-chain and severely restricted on long- and very long-chain fatty acids. Furthermore fatty acids inhibited growth of the DeltaechA mutant but not the DeltafoxA mutant in the presence of an alternate carbon source (lactose). Disruption of echA led to a 28-fold reduction in 2-butenoyl-CoA hydratase activity in a preparation of organelles. EchA was also required for growth on isoleucine and valine. The subcellular localization of the FoxA and EchA proteins was confirmed through the use of red and green fluorescent protein fusions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, University of Wisconsin-Madison, 882 Russell Labs, 1630 Linden Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
authors.forename: Lori A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Maggio-Hall
authors.forename: Nancy P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Keller
mesh_terms: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A / Q000378:metabolism; D001233:Aspergillus nidulans / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D004746:Enoyl-CoA Hydratase / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D007532:Isoleucine / Q000378:metabolism; D007785:Lactose / Q000378:metabolism; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism; D063991:Mitochondrial Trifunctional Protein; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D020675:Peroxisomes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D014633:Valine / Q000378:metabolism; D000097573:Red Fluorescent Protein
chemical_list: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A; D004746:Enoyl-CoA Hydratase; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D007532:Isoleucine; D007785:Lactose; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D063991:Mitochondrial Trifunctional Protein; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014633:Valine; D000097573:Red Fluorescent Protein; C075847:2-butynoyl-coenzyme A