title: Performance of drug-resistance genotypic assays among HIV-1 infected patients with predominantly CRF02_AG strains of HIV-1 in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the performance of three genotypic assays to detect resistant mutations among HIV-1 infected patients with known antiretroviral drug resistance profile in Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire, most of whom had the circulating recombinant form (CRF02_A/G) of HIV-1.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 56 patients analyzed in this study were enrolled in a pilot program to make available antiretroviral therapy (ART) to HIV-infected patients in Abidjan through the UNAIDS Drug Access Initiative (DAI). These patients had failed ART, as demonstrated by rebound in RNA viral load. Their plasma samples had been previously analyzed for ART genotypic drug-resistance by VircoGEN (Mechelen, Belgium) and were known to have primary and secondary resistance mutations, and also had phenotypic drug-resistance by a recombinant virus assay technology (Mechelen, Belgium). The two assays we evaluated were: VircoGEN, TruGene HIV-1, and ViroSEQ HIV-1 assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the reverse transcriptase gene, all 27 samples that had the T215Y/F mutation were detected by VircoGEN , ViroSEQ, and TrueGene. All 19 (100%) samples that had the K70R/E mutation detected by VircoGEN were detected by ViroSEQ, and 18 (94.7%) by TrueGene. All ten samples with the M184V mutation, three with the K65R, two with the G190A mutation, one with the K103N mutation, and one with the V75T mutation were detected similarly by all three assays. For the protease gene, all three assays detected the I84V (n = 1), M46I (n = 1), and L90M (n = 1) mutations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that any of these assays should be considered for monitoring the occurrence of drug resistance among HIV-infected patients receiving antiretroviral therapy in West Africa.
authors.affiliation: Projet RETRO-CI, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire.
authors.forename: Ebi C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Bilé
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Adjé-Touré
authors.forename: Marie-Yolande
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Borget
authors.forename: Mireille
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kalou
authors.forename: Fabien
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Diomande
authors.forename: Terence
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chorba
authors.forename: John N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Nkengasong
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001681:Biological Assay; D007560:Cote d'Ivoire / Q000453:epidemiology; D024921:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic