title: Neuron-based microarray sensors for environmental sensing.
abstract: We present a novel sensing scheme for detecting the effects of unburned fossil fuels by integrating microarray technology and dielectrophoresis to develop single-neuron arrays. These arrays have the capability to sense and identify the two fuels, at parts per billion (ppb) concentrations, as well to determine the associated physiological changes at the single-cell level. Identification is achieved through frequency domain analysis of the measured changes to the extracellular electrical activity due to the effect of the fossil fuels. This yields unique electrical identifiers known as "signature patterns". Simultaneous optical visualization to the physiological changes is obtained by specific fluorescent staining. The correlation between the signature patterns and the cellular biological behavior establishes the veracity of this identification technique.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of California, Riverside 92521, USA.
authors.forename: Shalini
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Cengiz S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Ozkan
authors.forename: Mihrimah
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ozkan
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D004594:Electrophysiology; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000494:pharmacology; D004867:Equipment Design; D005742:Gasoline / Q000633:toxicity; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology; D006801:Humans; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000633:toxicity; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000187:drug effects; D046228:Microarray Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005742:Gasoline; D006838:Hydrocarbons; D007473:Ion Channels; D002118:Calcium