Processing dewatered sewage sludge using electrokinetic technology.
High content of heavy metals and presence of pathogens in the dewatered sewage sludge have been the main obstacles for land application of sewage sludge-made fertilizer. The aim of this study was to examine the effects of the innovative electrokinetic (EK) technology on removal of heavy metals from sewage sludge, on the reduction of pathogens, and on sludge chemical characteristics. The results showed that the removal efficiencies for Zn, Cu, Ni, Cr, As and Pb were 94.9%, 95.4%, 89.7%, 67.8%, 31.2% and 18.7%, respectively. Acidification pretreatment of the dewatered sludge for 29 h decreased the content of heterotrophic bacteria from 1.5 x 10(8) c.f.u./g of wet sludge to 1.1 x 10(4) c.f.u./g of wet sludge. Although the initial content of total coliforms and fecal coliforms in sewage sludge were 5.8 x 10(5) c.f.u./g of wet sludge and 4.0 x 10(5) c.f.u./g of wet sludge, respectively, no viable cells were detected. Minor losses of K and N were detected, but the loss of P was found to be significant in EK treated sewage sludge. The treated sludge was technically considered as very stable based on the carbon dioxide evolution rate.
Wang
J Y
JY
School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore. jywang@ntu.edu.sg
Zhang
D S
DS
Stabnikova
O
O
Tay
J H
JH
D019149:Bioreactors; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004566:Electrodes; D004867:Equipment Design; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007700:Kinetics; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D010758:Phosphorus; D012722:Sewage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology*; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods*
D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012722:Sewage; D010758:Phosphorus