title: Glutathione S-transferase in the developmental stages of the insect Apis mellifera macedonica.
abstract: We investigated the pattern of glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity in the course of the development of Apis mellifera macedonica. GST activity is present in all developmental stages of A. mellifera macedonica. The highest activity towards the substrate 1-chloro-2,4-dinitrobenzene (CDNB) is found in the adult stage and the lowest in the egg. The kinetic characteristics of the whole enzyme change as the insect develops. Significant changes are observed in substrate specificity, inhibitor sensitivity and V(max). The number of isoenzymes and their rate of expression vary as the insect develops. However, two main isoenzymes are present in all developmental stages, one in the alkaline area and the other in the acidic. While in the larval stage the acidic isoenzyme is expressed at a slightly higher rate (52.2% over 47.8% for the alkaline isoenzyme), in the adult stage, the rate is reversed dramatically (13.24% and 84.2%, respectively).
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54006, Greece. thanpap@bio.auth.gr
authors.forename: Athanasios I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Papadopoulos
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Polemitou
authors.forename: Pshychoula
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Laifi
authors.forename: Astero
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yiangou
authors.forename: Chrysoula
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tananaki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001516:Bees / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000254:growth & development*; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology; D004137:Dinitrochlorobenzene / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D008018:Life Cycle Stages; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D004137:Dinitrochlorobenzene; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D005982:Glutathione Transferase