title: Emergence of extended-spectrum-beta-lactamase (CTX-M-9)-producing multiresistant strains of Salmonella enterica serotype Virchow in poultry and humans in France.
abstract: During 2002 to 2003, eight Salmonella enterica serotype Virchow poultry and poultry product isolates from various sources (chicken farms, poultry slaughterhouse, or retail store) and one S. enterica rough strain isolated from human feces were found to produce extended-spectrum beta-lactamase CTX-M-9. Poultry and poultry product isolates were recovered from different locations in the southwest of France. The human rough isolate had sequences of flagellin genes (fliC and fljB) typical of serotype Virchow and ribotyping and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) patterns closely similar to those of serotype Virchow strains. PFGE confirmed the clonal relationship between the poultry isolates, while the human isolate displayed a pattern with 94% homology. The bla(CTX-M-9) gene was located on a conjugative plasmid and was shown to be linked to orf513. Plasmid profiling found a very similar EcoRI restriction pattern in six transconjugants studied, including transconjugants obtained from the human isolate. A single hatchery, supplying chicks to the six farms, was identified. Emergence of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing S. enterica strains in food animals is a major concern, as such strains could disseminate on a large scale and lead to antibiotic therapy difficulties.
authors.affiliation: Centre National de Référence des Salmonella, Unité de Biodiversité des Bactéries Pathogènes Emergentes, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Docteur Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France. fxweill@pasteur.fr
authors.forename: François-Xavier
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Weill
authors.forename: Renaud
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lailler
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Praud
authors.forename: Annaëlle
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kérouanton
authors.forename: Laëtitia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fabre
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brisabois
authors.forename: Patrick A D
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Grimont
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cloeckaert
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D002645:Chickens / Q000382:microbiology; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting / Q000379:methods; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D008461:Meat Products / Q000382:microbiology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010957:Plasmids; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D021521:Ribotyping; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000382:microbiology; D019779:Salmonella enterica / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D012703:Serotyping; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; C412613:CTX-M-9 protein, E coli; D001618:beta-Lactamases