title: Health-related quality of life and psychosocial adjustment in steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate quality of life (QOL) and psychosocial adjustment by standardized tests in well-characterized patients with steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five patients were investigated at a median age of 9.8 years (range, 3.4 to 19.8) and 5.9 years (range, 0.1 to 16.3) since diagnosis. Child- and parent-rated QOL was evaluated by the The Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research Academical Medical Center (TNO-AZL) Child Quality of life Questionnaire. Psychosocial adjustment was assessed by the Child Behavior Checklist and the Teacher Report Form.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients, only the QOL subscale "social functioning" was impaired compared with that in control subjects, whereas parents rated 4 of a total of 7 subscales as abnormal. Psychosocial adjustment was impaired at home and at school. Steroid dependency and cytotoxic treatment had a significant negative impact on QOL only, whereas family climate, especially maternal distress, negatively affected both QOL and psychosocial adjustment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  QOL and psychosocial adjustment are impaired in steroid-sensitive nephrotic syndrome. Both illness-related variables and family climate play an important role.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Nephrology and Department of Psychiatry and Psychosomatics, University Children's Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. Eva-Maria.Rueth@gmx.de
authors.forename: Eva-Maria
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Rüth
authors.forename: Markus A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Landolt
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Neuhaus
authors.forename: Markus J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kemper
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012008:Recurrence; D012917:Social Adjustment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013557:Switzerland