title: Interferons alpha and gamma induce p53-dependent and p53-independent apoptosis, respectively.
abstract: Type I interferon (IFN) enhances the transcription of the tumor suppressor gene p53. To elucidate the molecular mechanism mediating IFN-induced apoptosis, we analysed programmed cell death in response to type I (IFNalpha) or type II (IFNgamma) treatment in relation to p53 status. In two cell lines (MCF-7, SKNSH), IFNalpha, but not IFNgamma, enhanced apoptosis in a p53-dependent manner. Furthermore, only IFNalpha upregulated p53 as well as p53 target genes (Noxa, Mdm2 and CD95). The apoptotic response to IFNalpha decreased in the presence of ZB4, an anti-CD95 antibody, suggesting that CD95 is involved in this process. When p53 was inactivated by the E6 viral protein or the expression of a p53 mutant, IFNalpha-induced apoptosis and p53 target genes upregulation were abrogated. Altogether these results demonstrate that p53 plays a pivotal role in the IFNalpha-induced apoptotic response. IFNalpha-induced PML was unable to recruit p53 into nuclear bodies and its downregulation by siRNA did not alter CD95 expression. In contrast, IFNgamma-induced apoptosis is p53-independent. CD95 and IFN-regulatory factor 1 (IRF1) are directly upregulated by this cytokine. Apoptotic response to IFNgamma is decreased in the presence of ZB4 and strongly diminished by IRF1 siRNA, implicating both CD95 and IRF1 in IFNgamma-induced apoptotic response. Taken together, these results show that in two different cell lines, IFNalpha and IFNgamma, induce p53-dependent -independent apoptosis, respectively.
authors.affiliation: UPR CNRS 9045, Institut André Lwoff, 7 rue Guy Moquet, 94801 Villejuif, France.
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Porta
authors.forename: Reda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hadj-Slimane
authors.forename: Mohamed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nejmeddine
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pampin
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Tovey
authors.forename: Lucile
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Espert
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.forename: Mounira K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Chelbi-Alix
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000071156:Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C494257:IRF1 protein, human; D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C498702:PMAIP1 protein, human; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D000071156:Promyelocytic Leukemia Protein; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D014157:Transcription Factors; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D019014:fas Receptor; C070576:PML protein, human; D007371:Interferon-gamma; C497206:MDM2 protein, human; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2