title: Psychiatric implications of language disorders and learning disabilities: risks and management.
abstract: This article reviews the relationship between different learning disabilities, language disorders, and the psychiatric disorders that are commonly associated with learning disabilities and language disorder: attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD), anxiety disorders, depression, and conduct or antisocial personality disorder. The complex associations between language disorders and specific learning disabilities--dyslexia, nonverbal learning disorder, dyscalculia--and the various psychiatric disorders are discussed. Clinical vignettes are presented to highlight the impact of these disorders on a child's social and psychological development and the importance of early recognition and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Western Institute for Neurodevelopmental Studies and Interventions, Boulder, CO 80302, USA. ssundheim@att.net
authors.forename: Suzanne T P V
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Sundheim
authors.forename: Kytja K S
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Voeller
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological / Q000502:physiology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007806:Language Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors