title: In vitro metabolism and toxicity assessment of toxin T-514 (Peroxisomicine A1) of Karwinskia humboldtiana in microsomes and primary cultured hepatocytes.
abstract: T-514 (Peroxisomicine A(1)) from Karwinskia humboldtiana is a dimeric hydroxyanthracenone with a highly selective cytotoxic effect on tumor cells. We evaluated the metabolism of this compound in two in vitro systems (liver microsomes and hepatocytes) and assessed the cytotoxicity of its metabolites on normal and tumor cells. Microsomes (12.5, 125 and 250 microg of protein/ml) and hepatocytes (1 x 10(6) cells/ml) were incubated with the toxin (25 microM) for 0.5, 1, 3, 6, 9, 12 and 24 h and the samples were examined using chromatographic analysis and UV spectra. Two metabolites (M1 and M2) were detected in the rat microsomes and one (M1) in the monkey microsomes. The retention times and UV spectra of the peaks were very similar to those of the toxin T-514. M1 was isolated and identified as a mixture of two isomers. The cytotoxicity of the metabolites was evaluated in Chang liver and Hep G2 cells but they did not show the selective cytotoxic effect on tumor cells seen in the original compound.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Farmacología y Toxicología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León, Apartado Postal 146, Col. Del Valle, Nuevo León 64460, México.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gómez-Silva
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Garza-Ocañas
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Waksman
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Rivas
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Piñeyro-López
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000873:Anthracenes / Q000633:toxicity*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D004285:Dogs; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000633:toxicity; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D000882:Haplorhini; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D031956:Karwinskia / Q000737:chemistry*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D051379:Mice; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D013045:Species Specificity; D014467:Ultraviolet Therapy
chemical_list: D000873:Anthracenes; D003603:Cytotoxins; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; C075149:Karwinskia toxin T-514