title: Evaluation of apically extruded debris in conventional and rotary instrumentation techniques.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this in vitro study was to compare two common techniques, conventional and rotary instrumentation, in debris extrusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred mature human teeth with mature apices and less than 15 degrees of root curvature as determined by Schneider's method were selected for use. Teeth were randomly divided into four groups of 50 teeth each and prepared using step-back instrumentation and profile 4 percent Taper Series 29 rotary system at three different speeds: 1,000 rpm, 8,000 rpm and 24,000 rpm. All of the speeds were reduced by contra angle to 1/6 rpm. Extruded debris were collected on pre-weighed vials containing distilled water through the apical foramen during instrumentation. The vials were then dried in a microwave oven at 150 degrees Celsius and weighed again. The difference was recorded as "the weight of the extruded debris." Eight control vials, two for each group, were weighed and filled with distilled water, dried, and reweighed. The mean weight of extruded debris for each group was statistically analyzed. T-student, unilateral variance analysis and Pearson tests were used in this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Step-back instrumentation (Group 1) produced significantly more debris than other groups. The difference in the amount of debris produced among rotary groups was not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rotary technique could reduce the amount of debris extrusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Mashhad University, Mashhad, Iran. mbidar2001@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Maryam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bidar
authors.forename: Akbar Fallh
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Rastegar
authors.forename: Pari
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ghaziani
authors.forename: M Sadegh
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Namazikhah
mesh_terms: D003737:Dental Cavity Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D003762:Dental Instruments; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D011897:Random Allocation; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D019227:Tooth Apex
chemical_list: D012388:Root Canal Irrigants