title: Accumulation of free ADP-ribose from mitochondria mediates oxidative stress-induced gating of TRPM2 cation channels.
abstract: TRPM2 is a member of the transient receptor potential melastatin-related (TRPM) family of cation channels, which possesses both ion channel and ADP-ribose hydrolase functions. TRPM2 has been shown to gate in response to oxidative and nitrosative stresses, but the mechanism through which TRPM2 gating is induced by these types of stimuli is not clear. Here we show through structure-guided mutagenesis that TRPM2 gating by ADP-ribose and both oxidative and nitrosative stresses requires an intact ADP-ribose binding cleft in the C-terminal nudix domain. We also show that oxidative/nitrosative stress-induced gating can be inhibited by pharmacological reagents predicted to inhibit NAD hydrolysis to ADP-ribose and by suppression of ADP-ribose accumulation by cytosolic or mitochondrial overexpression of an enzyme that specifically hydrolyzes ADP-ribose. Overall, our data are most consistent with a model of oxidative and nitrosative stress-induced TRPM2 activation in which mitochondria are induced to produce free ADP-ribose and release it to the cytosol, where its subsequent accumulation induces TRPM2 gating via interaction within a binding cleft in the C-terminal NUDT9-H domain of TRPM2.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington and Children's Hospital and Regional Medical Center, 1959 N.E Pacific Ave., Seattle, WA 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Anne-Laure
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Perraud
authors.forename: Christina L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Takanishi
authors.forename: Betty
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Megan K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Carsten
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schmitz
authors.forename: Heather M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Knowles
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ferraris
authors.forename: Weixing
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Barry L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Stoddard
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Scharenberg
mesh_terms: D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D006801:Humans; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D009536:Niacinamide / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D016877:Oxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011755:Pyrophosphatases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D050053:TRPM Cation Channels
chemical_list: D007473:Ion Channels; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D016877:Oxidants; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D050053:TRPM Cation Channels; C121934:TRPM2 protein, human; D000246:Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; D009536:Niacinamide; C429463:NUDT9; D011755:Pyrophosphatases; D002118:Calcium