Protease inhibitor and nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor concentrations in the genital tract of HIV-1-infected women.
The pharmacokinetics of antiretrovirals (ARVs) in the female genital tract (FGT) are likely to influence vertical and sexual transmission of HIV, the development of viral resistance, and post-exposure prophylaxis regimens. This study is the first to compare ARV concentrations in direct aspirates of cervicovaginal fluid (CVF) and blood plasma (BP). This unique method provides direct assessment of concentrations without the confounding of cervicovaginal lavage dilution. Of 8 ARVs, CVF concentrations ranged from <10% to >100% of BP concentrations. These large differences in CVF penetration suggest that further research into ARV pharmacokinetics and drug efficacy in the FGT is necessary.
Min
Sherene S
SS
Schools of Medicine, University of North Carolina, Chapel Hill 27599-7360, USA.
Corbett
Amanda H
AH
Rezk
Naser
N
Cu-Uvin
Susan
S
Fiscus
Susan A
SA
Petch
Leslie
L
Cohen
Myron S
MS
Kashuba
Angela D M
AD
D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014621:Vagina / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D012367:RNA, Viral; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors