title: Sentinel node biopsy to evaluate the metastatic dissemination of oesophageal adenocarcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study was to determine the feasibility and accuracy of sentinel lymph node (SLN) biopsy for oesophageal adenocarcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-seven patients with adenocarcinoma of the lower oesophagus (n = 40) or gastric cardia (n = 17) underwent endoscopic peritumoral injection of (99m)Tc-radiolabelled nanocolloid before en bloc resection with extended lymphadenectomy. SLNs were identified during surgery using a handheld gamma probe and the pattern of radioactive uptake was quantified after operation. All 1667 resected lymph nodes were examined immunohistochemically for micrometastases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SLNs were identified in all 57 patients. They contained metastases (n = 32) or micrometastases (n = 3) in 35 of 37 node-positive patients and there were two false-negative studies. The overall accuracy of SLN biopsy was 96 per cent and SLNs were more likely to contain tumour than other lymph nodes (P < 0.001). Tumour-infiltrated nodal stations had a higher proportion of radioactive uptake (P < 0.001). Lower oesophageal tumours had a greater proportion of SLNs (P = 0.018), radioactive uptake (P < 0.001) and malignant nodes (P = 0.004) in the mediastinum than gastric cardia tumours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The sentinel node concept is applicable to oesophageal adenocarcinoma and could be used to tailor the extent of lymphadenectomy. There is a close relationship between patterns of radioactive uptake and lymphatic tumour dissemination, which differ for lower oesophageal and gastric cardia tumours.
authors.affiliation: Northern Oesophago-Gastric Cancer Unit, Royal Victoria Infirmary, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lamb
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Griffin
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Burt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lloyd
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Karat
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hayes
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision / Q000379:methods; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery