title: Aerodynamic characteristics of laryngectomees breathing quietly and speaking with the electrolarynx.
abstract: The primary purpose of this study was to investigate the aerodynamic characteristics of laryngectomees under two conditions: breathing quietly and speaking with electrolarynx. Twenty male adult subjects, 8 normal speakers, and 12 laryngectomees participated the experiment. Airflow, pressure, and speech data were obtained simultaneously. The acceptability of electrolarynx speech under different conditions was also evaluated by 20 listeners (14 men, 6 women). Results indicated a higher peak expiration airflow and pressure among the laryngectomees as compared with the normal during breathing. Three different breathing patterns appeared among the laryngectomees when speaking with the electrolarynx: holding breath, exhaling, and breathing. Four long-time electrolarynx users held breath during speaking. Seven of 12 laryngectomees kept exhaling, whereas only 1 could breathe during speech production. In addition, (1) the acceptability of electrolarynx speech was the highest when speaking breathlessly; (2) no significant difference was found in the acceptability between the patterns of exhaling and breathing smoothly; and (3) the acceptability decreased if breathing quickly during phonation with the electrolarynx. It also suggests that the laryngectomees who can breathe during speaking may be more appropriate to use the new electrolarynx controlling the pitch by expiration pressure.
authors.affiliation: Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Hanjun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Mingxi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Supin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Haijun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Niu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000399:Air Pressure; D000403:Airway Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D001239:Inhalation; D007825:Laryngectomy; D007831:Larynx, Artificial; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012119:Respiration; D013018:Sound Spectrography; D013060:Speech / Q000502:physiology*; D013068:Speech Production Measurement; D013071:Speech, Alaryngeal; D014833:Voice Quality