title: Risk factors for herdsman-reported foot-and-mouth disease in the Adamawa Province of Cameroon.
abstract: We analysed responses from 147 Fulani herdsmen to a questionnaire about cattle herd-level risk factors for foot-and-mouth disease (FMD) in the previous year. The study used a cross-sectional design with a stratified, two-stage random sample of cattle herds in the Adamawa Province of Cameroon. The questionnaire was pre-tested at a local cattle market before a final version was translated into Foulfoulde (the local Fulani dialect). Variables were screened using a univariable analysis and logistic multiple-regression models were developed in a forward-selection process. Fifty-eight percent (50-65; 90% CIs) of herdsmen reported FMD in their herd in the previous 12 months. Important risk factors for FMD in the previous 12 months included going on transhumance (OR=2.6), buying cattle from markets (OR=2.2), mixing of herds at watering points (OR=2.4), feeding cotton-seed cake (OR=3.3), buffalo near the herd (OR=2.2) and administrative division. For the subset of herds that went on transhumance, coming in contact with an FMDV-diseased herd while on transhumance was the strongest factor (OR=16).
authors.affiliation: University of Liverpool, Department Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Leahurst Veterinary Teaching Hospital, Neston, South Wirral CH64 7TE, UK. mark.bronsvoort@ed.ac.uk
authors.forename: B M de C
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Bronsvoort
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nfon
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hamman
authors.forename: V N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Tanya
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Kitching
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Morgan
mesh_terms: D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000818:Animals; D002163:Cameroon / Q000453:epidemiology; D002417:Cattle; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires