title: Vertebral neoplastic compression fractures: assessment by dual-phase chemical shift imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare normal vertebrae with vertebrae with neoplastic compression fractures by means of opposed-phase (OP) and in-phase (IP) gradient-echo (GRE) imaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  On OP and IP T1-W GRE images (obtained at 1.5 T with the fast low-angle shot (FLASH) technique) of dual-phase chemical shift sequences, we compared the signal intensity ratios (SIRs) of normal and compression-fractured vertebrae in 108 patients. Dual-phase chemical shift sequences were measured in three groups of vertebral bone marrow in terms of the relative SIR in OP and IP images: group 1: normal vertebrae (N = 30 with 90 vertebrae); group 2: non-neoplastic compression-fractured vertebrae (N = 58 with 73 vertebrae); and group 3: neoplastic compression-fractured vertebrae (N = 20 with 27 vertebrae). The presence of compressed vertebrae was ascertained based on the consensus of two experienced radiologists. The mean SIRs among the three groups were compared by means of the Tukey-Kramer test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean SIRs of the three groups (group 1: 0.46 +/- 0.14; group 2: 0.63 +/- 0.21; and group 3: 1.02 +/- 0.11) were significantly different according to the Tukey-Kramer test (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OP and IP T1-W GRE MRI of vertebral SI abnormalities can help predict the nature of compression fractures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Saitama Medical School, Saitama, Japan. 8kozawa@saitama-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kozawa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Eito
authors.forename: Saito
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Waka
authors.forename: Nishi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Naoko
authors.forename: Arnanuma
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Makoto
authors.forename: Heshiki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Atsuko
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D013125:Spinal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000556:secondary*