title: Ocular fundus images by scanning laser ophthalmoscopy in a patient with enhanced S-cone syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present ocular fundus images in a patient with enhanced S-cone syndrome by scanning laser ophthalmoscopy. A 34-year-old Japanese woman whose parents were consanguineous showed mismatched electroretinographic responses to photopically balanced single-flash stimuli, with a larger signal to blue light than to red light. The central macula lacked a foveal reflex, and the surface was dull. Yellowish flecks and retinal pigment epithelium atrophy were evident in a ring at and around the vascular arcades. Faint black pigmentation was deposited in the mid peripheral retina.
  
  
  METHODS
  The ocular fundus of the patient was observed by scanning laser ophthalmoscopy with the use of an argon blue laser (wavelength, 488 nm), a helium-neon laser (633 nm), and an infrared laser (780 nm).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The argon blue laser showed numerous black spots of pigment, which were observed as faint pigmentation by conventional ophthalmoscopy. The spots were more enhanced with the argon blue laser than with the helium-neon laser. The white spots, which corresponded to the yellowish flecks in a ring at and around the vascular arcades, were more enhanced with the helium-neon laser than with the argon blue or infrared laser. Hypopigmentation of the retinal pigment epithelium was best shown with the infrared laser.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An abnormality of the retinal structure in enhanced S-cone syndrome may exist in the inner and outer retinal levels, in at least some patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Ophthalmology, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan. usuit@med.niigata-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tomoaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Usui
authors.forename: Mikio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ichibe
authors.forename: Naoyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tanimoto
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ueki
authors.forename: Mineo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
authors.forename: Haruki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyagawa
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001284:Atrophy; D003623:Dark Adaptation; D004596:Electroretinography; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005654:Fundus Oculi; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D009887:Ophthalmoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D010857:Pigment Epithelium of Eye / Q000473:pathology; D017949:Retinal Cone Photoreceptor Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D017299:Rod Opsins; D013577:Syndrome; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence
chemical_list: D017299:Rod Opsins; C095853:short-wavelength opsin