title: The well-being picture scale: a revision of the index of field energy.
abstract: This paper reports the development and psychometric properties of the Well-Being Picture Scale, a 10-item non-language based pictorial scale that measures general well-being, based on Martha Rogers'view of human beings as energy fields in continual mutual process with their environment. The Well-Being Picture Scale was designed for use with the broadest possible range of adult populations, including persons who are unable to respond to English-based text or lengthy, complex measurement instruments. Psychometric properties were established in a sample of more than 2,000 individuals from the United States, Taiwan, Japan, and Africa. The overall Cronbach's alpha is .8795.
authors.affiliation: Decker School of Nursing, State University of New York at Binghamton, Binghamton, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah Hall
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Gueldner
authors.forename: Yvonne
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Michel
authors.forename: Martha Hains
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Bramlett
authors.forename: Chin-Fang
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Linda W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Johnston
authors.forename: Emiko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Hideko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Minegishi
authors.forename: Mable Searcy
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Carlyle
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000523:psychology; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D011581:Psychological Tests; D011582:Psychological Theory; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013624:Taiwan; D014481:United States