title: [Laparoscopic adrenalectomy for large tumors].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze indications and results of laparoscopic adrenalectomy for large tumors (> 6 cm).
  
  
  METHODS
  It is a retrospective study including patients between January 1994 and December 2003 operated on for large adrenal lesions > or =6 cm. The size was given by the pathologist. All the patients had a flank transperitoneal approach. Analysed Parameters were: operative difficulties; operative time; conversion rate; postoperative morbidity, follow-up and histologic data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fourteen patients (10 female and 4 male) were included. Mean age at the time of the diagnosis was 52 years (range: 17-79). Mean size of the lesions was 7 cm (range: 6-10 cm). Mean operative time was 132 mn (range: 120-240 mn). None of the patients experienced surgical complications. Two conversions were needed (for vena cava attachments in one case and because of a retrocava localization in the other case). Three patients had morbidity: one intraperitoneal hemorrhage occurring at the second postoperative day and needing laparotomy; one left pneumopathy; and one case of neuralgia due to a port insertion. Mean hospital stay was 4,5 days. Histologic data showed: five ganglioneuromas, three pheochromocytomas, three adenomas, two adrenocortical carcinomas, and one postpancreatitis cytosteatonecrosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic adrenalectomy is feasible for large lesions > or =6 cm when no evidence of malignity is demonstrated neither by the preoperative imaging study nor by the surgical exploration.
authors.affiliation: Service de chirurgie générale et endocrinienne, hôpital général, 3, rue du Faubourg-Raines, BP 1519, 21033 Dijon cedex, France. patrick.cougard@chu-dijon.fr
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cougard
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Spie
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Osmak
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Goudet
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000315:Adrenalectomy / Q000379:methods*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies