title: The analgesic effect of odour and music upon dressing change.
abstract: Vascular wounds may require frequent dressing changes over a long period of time, often involving pain, which may not be adequately controlled with conventional analgesia. Complementary analgesia may be beneficial as an adjunctive therapy. This pilot study presented eight patients with two odour therapies, lavender and lemon, two music therapies, relaxing and preferred music and a control condition, during vascular wound dressing changes. Although the therapies did not reduce the pain intensity during the dressing change there was a significant reduction in pain intensity for the lavender therapy and a reduction in pain intensity for the relaxing music therapy after the dressing change. This supports the use of these complementary therapies, which are inexpensive, easy to administer and have no known side effects, as adjunctive analgesia in this patient population. Earlier administration before dressing change may enhance these effects. Further research is required to ascertain why certain complementary therapies are more effective than others at relieving pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Stirling, UK.
authors.forename: F M A
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Kane
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Brodie
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coull
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Coyne
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Howd
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Milne
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Niven
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Robbins
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000672:Amputation Stumps; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D019341:Aromatherapy / Q000379:methods* / Q000451:nursing / Q000592:standards; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001458:Bandages / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002957:Citrus; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D027523:Lavandula; D007871:Leg Ulcer / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D009147:Music Therapy / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010864:Pilonidal Sinus / Q000150:complications; D010865:Pilot Projects; D017592:Skin Care / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009822:Oils, Volatile