title: Substitution of HIV Type 1 Nef with HTLV-1 p12.
abstract: Human retroviruses, such as HTLV-1 and HIV-1, encode accessory proteins, which regulate viral pathogenesis. The p12 protein of HTLV-1 is encoded from the pX-I open reading frame, and is critical for efficient virus replication in rabbits. Although dispensable for infection, replication, and immortalization of activated lymphocytes in culture, p12 expression is important for infection of quiescent lymphocytes. Similar to HTLV-1 p12, Nef is important for virus infectivity in SIV animal models. We questioned whether p12 could replace Nef in HIV-1, and reconstitute virus replication in culture. We found that p12 could complement for effects of Nef on HIV-1 infection of Magi-CCR5 cells or macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Oncology, Departments of Medicine, Pathology and Molecular Microbiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
authors.forename: Tomonori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsukahara
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ratner
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015693:Gene Products, nef / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D006367:HeLa Cells / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000821:virology; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins; D014779:Virus Replication; D054311:nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
chemical_list: D015693:Gene Products, nef; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D054334:Viral Regulatory and Accessory Proteins; D054311:nef Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; C084305:p12I protein, Human T-lymphotropic virus 1