title: Tricuspid valve repair: an old disease, a modern experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We review our experience in patients who required surgical correction of tricuspid valve disease with concomitant disease of the mitral or aortic valve, or both, operated on between 1987 and 1999.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 232 consecutive patients (mean age, 59.8 years) followed for a mean of 6.8 years (range, 2 to 12 years). All patients were investigated by means of Doppler echocardiography, with hemodynamic studies in 135. Median tricuspid insufficiency was 3+. The cause was rheumatic heart disease in 186 patients and degenerative in 46. All patients underwent suture annuloplasty (De Vega or segmental) at the time of mitral or aortic valve surgery. Tricuspid lesions were functional in 128 patients and organic in 104.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The hospital and late mortality rates were 8.1% and 23.3%, respectively. These figures were independent of the type of annuloplasty performed. Predictors of hospital mortality were biologic prosthesis, renal insufficiency, time of cardiopulmonary bypass, and use of inotropic drugs. Predictors of late mortality were age older than 60 years, left ventricular ejection fraction less than 0.50, and New York Heart Association functional class IV. At 12 years, the actuarial survival rate was 50.5% +/- 6.1%, and the actuarial curve free from reoperation 75.7% +/- 7.3%. The actuarial curve for freedom from valve-related complication was 39.0% +/- 6.3% at 11 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite the use of modern technologic advances in the diagnosis and treatment of valvular hear disease, tricuspid insufficiency continues to be a poor prognostic factor in patients with concomitant disease of the mitral or aortic valve, or both.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Hospital Universitario Valdecilla, Universidad de Cantabria, Santander, Spain. ccabmj@humv.es
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bernal
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez-Morlote
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Llorca
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: San José
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Morales
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Revuelta
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012086:Reoperation / Q000401:mortality; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D014262:Tricuspid Valve Insufficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*