title: CYP17 and SULT1A1 gene polymorphisms in Indian breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Breast cancer is the most common cancer among women worldwide. Life-time exposure to steroid hormones, especially estrogen, is a major risk factor for breast cancer. Functional polymorphisms in genes encoding steroid metabolizing enzymes may thus be important as biomarkers of individual susceptibility to breast cancer. The CYP17 and SULT1A1 genes encode for two enzymes involved in hormone biosynthesis and metabolism. Single nucleotide polymorphisms of these genes may result in inter-individual variability in steroid hormone biosynthesis and metabolism thus influence the development of breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We tested this hypothesis by conducting a case - control study on a group of 140 breast cancer cases and 140 healthy age-matched controls. Analysis of CYP17 and SULT1A1 genotypes were done by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The genetic polymorphisms of the estrogen-related genes SULT1A1(OR=2.5, 95% CI=1.28-4.98) and CYP17 (OR=4.1, 95= CI=1.78-9.63) were associated with an increased risk of breast cancer among postmenopausal women. Our data also showed evidence for the genetic regulation of serum 17 beta estradiol (E2) levels as measured by ELISA among the premenopausal women with a significant increase in the serum E2 level for the CYP17 A2 variants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that both CYP17 and SULT1A1 genotypes could be important determinants of breast cancer risk in Indian women and may help in early identification of high risk subjects. Such genotype analysis resulting in a high-risk profile holds considerable promise for individualizing screening, diagnosis and therapeutic intervention in breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Medicine, Drug Development & Chemoinformatics, Regional Cancer Centre, Thiruvananthapuram 695011, Kerala State, India.
authors.forename: Priya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chacko
authors.forename: Balakrishnan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rajan
authors.forename: Beela Sarah
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Mathew
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Joseph
authors.forename: M Radhakrishnai
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Pillai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015239:Arylsulfotransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D017931:DNA Primers; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics*; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase; D015239:Arylsulfotransferase; C117544:SULT1A1 protein, human