title: Ganoderma total sterol (GS) and GS1 protect rat cerebral cortical neurons from hypoxia/reoxygenation injury.
abstract: The effect of Ganoderma total sterol (GS) and its main components(GS(1)) on rat cortical neuronal cultures exposed to hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R) was studied in vitro. GS (0.01,0.1,1 microg/ml) increased neuron viability following H/R. GS also significantly reduced malondialdehyde content and reactive oxygen species production and increased manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD) activity; furthermore, the translocation of nuclear factor-kappa B and the production of interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha induced by H/R were also blocked. These findings suggest that GS might be useful in treating H/R-induced oxidative stress and inflammatory response. We also hypothesized that Mn-SOD might play a critical role in the neuroprotective effect of GS against H/R injury. In addition, pretreatment with GS(1) (0.01, 0.1, 1 microg/ml) significantly attenuated the decline of neuron viability and the formation of reactive oxygen species. Furthermore GS(1) possessed more potent protective effect on neurons compared with GS at the same dose. These findings demonstrated that GS(1) is the main component in GS; and play a critical role in the neuroprotective effect of GS against H/R.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Peking University Health Science Center, 38 Xueyuan Road, Beijing 100083, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Hong-Bo
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Sai-Zhen
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qi-Hua
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Alex F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhi-Bin
authors.initials: ZB
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000187:drug effects*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002775:Cholestadienols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D032902:Ganoderma / Q000737:chemistry*; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002775:Cholestadienols; D016207:Cytokines; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; C000606206:Nfkbia protein, rat; D010840:Phytosterols; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; C003532:brassicasterol; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase