title: Evaluation of "golden proportion" in individuals with an esthetic smile.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  One of the most important tasks in esthetic dentistry is creating harmonious proportions between the widths of maxillary anterior teeth when restoring or replacing these teeth. The "golden proportion" is a main guideline introduced in this field.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to investigate the existence of the golden proportion between the widths of the maxillary anterior teeth in individuals with an esthetic smile.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was conducted with 157 dental students (75 women and 82 men), with ages ranging from 18 to 30 years. Students whose natural smile did not develop any visual tension with regard to the study's and their own criteria were selected as having esthetic smile. An image measurement program was used to measure the apparent mesiodistal widths of six maxillary anterior teeth on the scanned photographs of these subjects. The existence of the golden proportion was investigated in the width ratios of maxillary anterior teeth.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The golden proportion was not found to exist between perceived maxillary anterior teeth widths of individuals with an esthetic smile.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The golden proportion is not a common factor in esthetic smiles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This article suggests considering the dentofacial specificities of each individual and also the wide variety of natural teeth proportions when restoring or replacing the maxillary anterior teeth. However, individual cultural characteristics and perception of beauty must be considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Fixed Prosthodontics, Dental School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran. mahshidmn@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Minoo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mahshid
authors.forename: Alireza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khoshvaghti
authors.forename: Masoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Varshosaz
authors.forename: Naser
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vallaei
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004955:Esthetics, Dental / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla; D009811:Odontometry / Q000523:psychology*; D023861:Photography, Dental / Q000523:psychology; D012904:Smiling / Q000523:psychology