title: Clinical and endosonographic effect of ciprofloxacin on the treatment of perianal fistulae in Crohn's disease with infliximab: a double-blind placebo-controlled study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ciprofloxacin is effective in perianal Crohn's disease but after treatment discontinuation symptoms reoccur. Infliximab is effective but requires maintenance therapy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of combined ciprofloxacin and infliximab in perianal Crohn's disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  A double-blind placebo-controlled study was conducted. Patients were randomly assigned to receive 500-mg ciprofloxacin twice daily or a placebo for 12 weeks. All patients received 5-mg/kg infliximab in week 6, 8 and 12 and were followed for 18 weeks. Primary end-point was clinical response, defined as a 50% or greater reduction from baseline in the number of draining fistulae. Secondary end-points were the change in Perianal Disease Activity Index and hydrogen peroxide enhanced three-dimensional endoanal ultrasonography findings. Analysis was by intention-to-treat.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-four patients were included but two discontinued treatment. At week 18, response was 73% (eight of 11) in the ciprofloxacin group and 39% (five of 13) in the placebo group (P = 0.12). Using logistic regression analysis patients treated with ciprofloxacin tended to respond better (OR = 2.37, CI: 0.94-5.98, P = 0.07). The Perianal Disease Activity Index score only improved (P = 0.008) in the ciprofloxacin group. Three-dimensional endoanal ultrasonography improved in three patients with a clinical response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A combination of ciprofloxacin and infliximab tended to be more effective than infliximab alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Erasmus MC University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. rlwest1@hotmail.com
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: van der Woude
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: R J F
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Felt-Bersma
authors.forename: A J P
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: van Tilburg
authors.forename: J A G
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Drapers
authors.forename: E J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Kuipers
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D019160:Endosonography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D000069285:Infliximab; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012003:Rectal Fistula / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D000069285:Infliximab