title: Cost-effectiveness analysis of a complementary health intervention: the case of smoking relapse prevention.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assess the cost-effectiveness of smoking relapse prevention interventions designed to keep quitters from resuming the use of cigarettes. Because relapse prevention is complementary to smoking cessation efforts, the appropriate test of its cost-effectiveness is whether it reduces the incremental cost-effectiveness ratio (ICER) of smoking cessation. The major goal of the study is to carry out such a test.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from a randomized trial that ascertained the effectiveness of alternative modes of smoking relapse prevention are combined with ICER estimates of smoking cessation to assess whether relapse prevention is cost-effective.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The trial produced convincing evidence that relapse prevention yields statistically significant reductions in the proportion of quitters who are smoking at 24 months postquit. The intervention effects are substantial enough to raise the denominator terms of the smoking cessation ICER and, thereby, offset the amount relapse prevention adds to cost numerator terms. In this sense, smoking relapse prevention tends to pay for itself.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Smoking relapse prevention is a highly cost-effective addition to current efforts to curb cigarette consumption. Complementary health interventions of this sort should be assessed by different methods than those commonly found in the cost-effectiveness literature.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Prevention and Control, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612, USA. chirikos@moffitt.usf.edu
authors.forename: Thomas N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Chirikos
authors.forename: Thaddeus A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Herzog
authors.forename: Cathy D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Meade
authors.forename: Monica S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.forename: Thomas H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Brandon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010174:Pamphlets; D011177:Postal Service; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D012907:Smoking / Q000191:economics; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods; D000074606:Smoking Prevention