title: Acute renal failure in children and infants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This review provides an overview of various topics related to acute renal failure and summarizes the results of recent advancements of particular significance in the care of children with acute renal failure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Over the past two decades, the treatment and prognosis of children with acute renal failure has notably shifted owing to advances in continuous treatment modalities, improvements in vascular access, and increased acknowledgment and understanding of the importance of optimizing nutritional support.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After discussing the various causes of acute renal failure in children and infants, this review focuses on recent advancements in the management of acute renal failure, including acute dialysis modalities and continuous renal replacement therapy.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Nephrology, Dialysis, and Transplantation, DeVos Children's Hospital, Grand Rapids, Michigan 49503, USA. gina-marie.barletta@spectrum-health.org
authors.forename: Gina-Marie
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Barletta
authors.forename: Timothy E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Bunchman
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D012042:Registries; D017582:Renal Replacement Therapy / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D019343:Citric Acid