Molecular characterization of allospecific T suppressor and tolerogenic dendritic cells: review.
T suppressor and regulatory cells have been shown to play an important role in the maintenance of central and peripheral tolerance thereby preventing allograft rejection, autoimmunity and allergy. We have previously described a distinct population of antigen-specific CD8(+)CD28(-) T suppressor cells (T(S)). These CD8(+)CD28(-) T(S) cells can be generated in vitro after multiple rounds of stimulation of human peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) with either allogenic- or xenogeneic-donor APCs. CD8(+)CD28(-) T(S) cells are FOXP3+, MHC class I-restricted and tolerize both professional antigen presenting cells, such as dendritic cells (DC) and nonprofessional APC such as endothelial cells (EC) by up-regulating the cell surface expression of inhibitory receptors immunoglobulin-like transcript (ILT)-3 and ILT4 and down-regulating the expression of costimulatory molecules such as CD58 and CD86. Tolerized ILT3(high), ILT4(high) APC anergize CD4(+) T(H) cells and can induce the generation of antigen-specific CD4(+)CD25(+) T regulatory cells (T(R)) cells and CD8(+)CD28(-) T(S) cells. In this review, we present our recent studies on the molecular characterization of these antigen specific T suppressor cells and tolerogenic APC.
Suciu-Foca
Nicole
N
Columbia University, Department of Pathology, 630 West 168 Street-P&S 14-401, New York, NY 10032, USA. ns20@columbia.edu
Manavalan
John S
JS
Scotto
Luigi
L
Kim-Schulze
Seunghee
S
Galluzzo
Sara
S
Naiyer
Afzal J
AJ
Fan
Jianshe
J
Vlad
George
G
Cortesini
Raffaello
R
D002460:Cell Line; D003713:Dendritic Cells; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000276:immunology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory