title: Features of promising technologies for pretreatment of lignocellulosic biomass.
abstract: Cellulosic plant material represents an as-of-yet untapped source of fermentable sugars for significant industrial use. Many physio-chemical structural and compositional factors hinder the enzymatic digestibility of cellulose present in lignocellulosic biomass. The goal of any pretreatment technology is to alter or remove structural and compositional impediments to hydrolysis in order to improve the rate of enzyme hydrolysis and increase yields of fermentable sugars from cellulose or hemicellulose. These methods cause physical and/or chemical changes in the plant biomass in order to achieve this result. Experimental investigation of physical changes and chemical reactions that occur during pretreatment is required for the development of effective and mechanistic models that can be used for the rational design of pretreatment processes. Furthermore, pretreatment processing conditions must be tailored to the specific chemical and structural composition of the various, and variable, sources of lignocellulosic biomass. This paper reviews process parameters and their fundamental modes of action for promising pretreatment methods.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Renewable Resources Engineering, Department of Agricultural and Biological Engineering, Purdue University, Potter Engineering Center, 500 Central Drive, West Lafayette, IN 47907-2022, USA.
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mosier
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wyman
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dale
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Elander
authors.forename: Y Y
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Holtzapple
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ladisch
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D003246:Conservation of Energy Resources; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D005285:Fermentation; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008031:Lignin / Q000737:chemistry*; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: C036909:lignocellulose; D000431:Ethanol; D002482:Cellulose; D008031:Lignin