title: Butter and walnuts, but not olive oil, elicit postprandial activation of nuclear transcription factor kappaB in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from healthy men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nuclear transcription factor kappaB (NF-kappaB) plays an important role in atherosclerosis by modulating gene expression. Postprandial lipemia has been correlated with an increase in NF-kappaB activation in vascular cells and it is associated with an increase in postprandial triacylglycerol-rich lipoproteins, which are involved in the development of atherosclerotic plaque.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to determine the effect of the intakes of 3 different foods with different fat compositions on the postprandial activation of monocyte NF-kappaB.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight healthy men followed a 4-wk baseline diet and then consumed 3 fat-load meals consisting of 1 g fat/kg body wt (65% fat) according to a randomized crossover design. Each meal had a different fatty acid composition, and the consumption of each meal was separated by 1 wk. The compositions of the 3 test meals were as follows: olive oil meal [22% saturated fatty acids (SFAs), 38% monounsaturated fatty acids (MUFAs), 4% polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), and 0.7% alpha-linolenic acid], butter meal (38% SFAs, 22% MUFAs, 4% PUFAs, and 0.7% alpha-linolenic acid), and walnut meal (20% SFAs, 24% MUFAs, 16% PUFAs, and 4% alpha-linolenic acid).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ingestion of the olive oil meal did not elicit NF-kappaB activation compared with ingestion of either the butter meal at 3 h (P <0.05) or the walnut meal at 9 h (P <0.05). There was no significant difference in the postprandial triacylglycerol response between the 3 meals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Consumption of an olive oil-enriched meal does not activate NF-kappaB in monocytes as do butter and walnut-enriched meals. This effect could enhance the cardioprotective effect of olive oil-enriched diets.
authors.affiliation: Lipids and Arteriosclerosis Unit, Hospital Universitario Reina Sofía, Córdoba, Spain.
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bellido
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: López-Miranda
authors.forename: Luis Miguel
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Blanco-Colio
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pérez-Martínez
authors.forename: Francisco José
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Muriana
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Martín-Ventura
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marín
authors.forename: Purificación
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fuentes
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Egido
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pérez-Jiménez
mesh_terms: D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D002079:Butter; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D031324:Juglans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D019518:Postprandial Period; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D008055:Lipids; D016328:NF-kappa B; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D014280:Triglycerides; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D002079:Butter