title: Release of Shiga toxin by membrane vesicles in Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 strains and in vitro effects of antimicrobials on toxin production and release.
abstract: Effects of various antimicrobials on in vitro Shiga toxin production and release by Shigella dysenteriae serotype 1 was investigated in this study with particular reference to the role of outer membrane vesicles in toxin release by the organism. Five antimicrobials, namely nalidixic acid, ciprofloxacin, norfloxacin, fosfomycin and mitomycin C, were chosen for the study and the toxin titre was measured by the reverse passive latex agglutination (RPLA) method using an available kit. Only mitomycin C was found to induce production of Shiga toxin in the bacteria and its release by outer membrane vesicles. The highest titre of toxin was obtained in vesicle fraction suggesting that the vesicles play an important role in the release of Shiga toxin from periplasmic space by the organism.
authors.affiliation: Microbiology Division, National Institute of Cholera and Enteric Diseases, Kolkata, India. shanta1232001@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: Shanta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dutta
authors.forename: Ken-ichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Akemi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takade
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Meno
authors.forename: Gopinath Balakrish
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.forename: Shin-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshida
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004405:Dysentery, Bacillary / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D022142:Secretory Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism; D022621:Shiga Toxin / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D012762:Shigella dysenteriae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D022621:Shiga Toxin