Anterior mediastinal nonseminomatous germ cell tumor with malignant transformation: a case report.
OBJECTIVE
We report a case of a 21-year-old man who presented with the unusual symptoms of heart failure and was found to have an anterior mediastinal yolk sac tumor.


METHODS
A review of the literature using the Ovid search engine was performed.


RESULTS
The patient was treated with the current standard of neoadjuvant chemotherapy: bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP) with marked reduction in tumor size, followed by en bloc surgical resection. The final pathology revealed teratoma with malignant change: chondrosarcoma, adenocarcinoma, and poorly differentiated sarcoma.


CONCLUSIONS
This is a rare initial presentation of an anterior mediastinal germ-cell tumor with treatment consisting of neoadjuvant therapy and surgical resection. In addition, we present the adverse and extremely rare malignant degeneration of this tumor.
Michel
Michael
M
Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Keesler Medical Center, Keesler Air Force Base, Biloxi, MS 39534, USA. michael.michel@keesler.af.mil
Pratt
Jerry W
JW
D000328:Adult; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000473:pathology; D018240:Endodermal Sinus Tumor / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008479:Mediastinal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D008482:Mediastinum / Q000473:pathology; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D013724:Teratoma / Q000473:pathology