title: Population genetics of tumor suppressor genes.
abstract: Cancer emerges when a single cell receives multiple mutations. For example, the inactivation of both alleles of a tumor suppressor gene (TSG) can imply a net reproductive advantage of the cell and might lead to clonal expansion. In this paper, we calculate the probability as a function of time that a population of cells has generated at least one cell with two inactivated alleles of a TSG. Different kinetic laws hold for small and large populations. The inactivation of the first allele can either be neutral or lead to a selective advantage or disadvantage. The inactivation of the first and of the second allele can occur at equal or different rates. Our calculations provide insights into basic aspects of population genetics determining cancer initiation and progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Kyushu University, Hakozoki 6-10-1, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan. yiwasscb@mbox.nc.Kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yoh
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iwasa
authors.forename: Franziska
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Michor
authors.forename: Natalia L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Komarova
authors.forename: Martin A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Nowak
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D020868:Gene Silencing; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D006801:Humans; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*