title: Contrasting Fos expression induced by acute reboxetine and fluoxetine in the rat forebrain: neuroanatomical substrates for the antidepressant effect.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antidepressants preferentially facilitating serotonin seem to be particularly effective for treating the anxiety and aggressive component of the depressive syndrome, whereas those with a noradrenergic profile seem to be more effective in reducing psychomotor retardation, although their overall antidepressant effects are about the same. However, the mechanism of this difference remains unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the neural substrate for the different therapeutic efficacies of fluoxetine and reboxetine, we examined the regional Fos immunoreactivity (Fos-ir) induced by the two agents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Wistar rats (290-330 g) were given a subcutaneous injection of fluoxetine (5 or 10 mg/kg), reboxetine (5 or 10 mg/kg) or saline. Two hours later, rats were perfused through the ascending aorta and their brains were processed for Fos immunohistochemistry. Fos-ir was quantified by counting the number of Fos-ir-positive nuclei in six areas of the forebrain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The shell of the nucleus accumbens was the only region in which both fluoxetine and reboxetine equally increased Fos-ir expression. Fluoxetine particularly induced Fos-ir in the central nucleus of the amygdala. In contrast, reboxetine induced Fos-ir in the cingulate cortex area 3 and the lateral orbital cortex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the shell region may be one possible target for the antidepressant effects of fluoxetine and reboxetine. Furthermore, the difference in their clinical effects may depend on their different target sites of action.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuropsychiatry, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama, 700-8558, Japan.
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hamamura
authors.forename: Youmei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Masahito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Habara
authors.forename: Takuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oka
authors.forename: Shiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Taoka
authors.forename: Shigetoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuroda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005473:Fluoxetine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D015870:Gene Expression; D016762:Genes, fos / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009714:Nucleus Accumbens / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010784:Photomicrography / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000077593:Reboxetine
chemical_list: D009025:Morpholines; D005473:Fluoxetine; D000077593:Reboxetine