title: A comparison of epidemiologic and immunologic features of bronchiolitis caused by influenza virus and respiratory syncytial virus.
abstract: We studied epidemiologic and immunologic factors in infants with bronchiolitis caused by influenza virus. The proportion of these infants who were male and who had an immediate family member with a history of asthma was similar to that of a control group of infants with respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) bronchiolitis. In subjects with influenza virus infection, concentrations of the beta chemokine macrophage inflammatory protein-1alpha (MIP-1alpha), but not other beta chemokines, in nasopharyngeal secretions (NPS) were greater among infants with more severe, hypoxic bronchiolitis than in subjects with mild, nonhypoxic bronchiolitis, or upper respiratory tract infection alone. Quantities of MIP-1alpha were also correlated with lower values of oxygen saturation. These findings point out epidemiologic and immunologic similarities between bronchiolitis caused by influenza and RSV, and suggest that host factors are more important than the nature of the infecting virus in the development of severe forms of bronchiolitis caused by influenza and RSV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Roberto P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Garofalo
authors.forename: Karen H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Hintz
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Patti
authors.forename: Pearay L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Ogra
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Welliver
mesh_terms: D001990:Bronchiolitis, Viral / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000276:immunology; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: C111835:CCL2 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D054405:Chemokine CCL3; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D010100:Oxygen