Laryngeal structure and function in the pediatric larynx: clinical applications.
This article presents an overview of the normal anatomy and physiology of the pediatric larynx, followed by some examples of pediatric voice disorders that were chosen to exemplify the alterations to the laryngeal anatomy and the subsequent modifications to laryngeal function. Vocal fold nodules are primarily reviewed due to their high incidence in the pediatric population. Three other disorders, including laryngeal hyperfunction, unilateral vocal fold paralysis, are discussed because of their more common occurrence and the uniqueness of their etiology and intervention, particularly for the case of bilateral abductor vocal fold paralysis.
Sapienza
Christine M
CM
University of Florida, Gainesville, USA. sapienza@csd.ufl.edu
Ruddy
Bari Hoffman
BH
Baker
Susan
S
D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007818:Laryngeal Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D020704:Laryngoscopes / Q000145:classification; D007828:Laryngoscopy / Q000379:methods; D007830:Larynx / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D014826:Vocal Cord Paralysis / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014827:Vocal Cords / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology