title: Evidence for implementing nonpharmacological interventions for wandering.
abstract: Wandering is among the most frequent, problematic, and dangerous comorbid behaviors in dementia or head injury. To summarize the emerging literature on nonpharmacological interventions used to control negative consequences of wandering, a systematic review of the literature was performed. The review included searching multiple electronic databases and hand searches of individual articles. The search yielded 31 articles that met established criteria. These articles then were classified into six categories: Subjective barriers, walking/exercise and other activities, specialized environments, behavioral techniques, music, and alarms. The literature varied widely in terms of theoretical soundness, methodological rigor, and clarity. The level of evidence supporting these interventions and implications for future study are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Patient Safety Center of Inquiry, James A. Haley VAMC, Tampa, FL, USA. craig.siders@med.va.gov
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Siders
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Inez
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Joseph
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Algase
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Beattie
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Verbosky-Cadena
mesh_terms: D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000451:nursing* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine / Q000379:methods; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods; D006272:Health Facility Environment / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008134:Long-Term Care / Q000379:methods; D009147:Music Therapy / Q000379:methods; D009949:Orientation; D019145:Rehabilitation Nursing / Q000379:methods*; D016138:Walking