title: Modelling the actions of chaperones and their role in ageing.
abstract: Many molecular chaperones are also known as heat shock proteins because they are synthesised in increased amounts after brief exposure of cells to elevated temperatures. They have many cellular functions and are involved in the folding of nascent proteins, the re-folding of denatured proteins, the prevention of protein aggregation, and assisting the targeting of proteins for degradation by the proteasome and lysosomes. They also have a role in apoptosis and are involved in modulating signals for immune and inflammatory responses. Stress-induced transcription of heat shock proteins requires the activation of heat shock factor (HSF). Under normal conditions, HSF is bound to heat shock proteins resulting in feedback repression. During stress, cellular proteins undergo denaturation and sequester heat shock proteins bound to HSF, which is then able to become transcriptionally active. The induction of heat shock proteins is impaired with age and there is also a decline in chaperone function. Aberrant/damaged proteins accumulate with age and are implicated in several important age-related conditions (e.g. Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and cataract). Therefore, the balance between damaged proteins and available free chaperones may be greatly disturbed during ageing. We have developed a mathematical model to describe the heat shock system. The aim of the model is two-fold: to explore the heat shock system and its implications in ageing; and to demonstrate how to build a model of a biological system using our simulation system (biology of ageing e-science integration and simulation (BASIS)).
authors.affiliation: Henry Wellcome Laboratory for Biogerontology Research, School of Clinical and Medical Sciences-Gerontology, University of Newcastle, Newcastle upon Tyne NE4 6BE, UK. c.j.proctor@ncl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Carole J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Proctor
authors.forename: Csaba
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Soti
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Boys
authors.forename: Colin S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Gillespie
authors.forename: Daryl P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Shanley
authors.forename: Darren J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Wilkinson
authors.forename: Thomas B L
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Kirkwood
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016922:Cellular Senescence / Q000502:physiology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000076249:Heat Shock Transcription Factors; D018869:Heat-Shock Response / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000378:metabolism*; D017510:Protein Folding; D051381:Rats; D014157:Transcription Factors
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D000076249:Heat Shock Transcription Factors; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D014157:Transcription Factors