title: Molecular cloning and functional characterization of a neuronal choline transporter from Trichoplusia ni.
abstract: A cDNA encoding a high-affinity Na(+)-dependent choline transporter (TrnCHT) was isolated from the CNS of the cabbage looper Trichoplusia ni using an RT-PCR-based approach. The deduced amino acid sequence of the CHT cDNA predicts a 594 amino acid protein of 64.74 kDa prior to glycosylation. TrnCHT has 80%, 79%, 76%, and 58% amino acid identity to putative CHTs from Anopheles gambiae, Drosophila melanogaster and Apis mellifera, and a cloned CHT from Limulus polyphemus, respectively. In situ hybridization of TrnCHT cRNA in whole-mount preparations of caterpillar CNS revealed that TrnCHT mRNA is expressed by hundreds of presumably cholinergic neurons present in both the brain and cortex of all segmental ganglia. Na(+)-dependent [(3)H]-choline uptake was induced in Sf9 cells in vitro following infection with a TrnCHT-expressing recombinant baculovirus. Virally induced [(3)H]-choline uptake was found to approximately equal the endogenous rate of choline uptake in insect cells, seen either after infection with a control virus or in TrnCHT-infected cells exposed to [(3)H]-choline in the absence of Na(+). The Na(+)-dependent component of [(3)H]-choline uptake by TrnCHT-infected cells was saturable with a K(m) for choline transport of 8.4 microM. Several compounds reported to be potent blockers of [(3)H]-choline uptake by cloned vertebrate choline transporters proved to be relatively weak inhibitors of choline uptake by Sf9 cells expressing TrnCHT. Hemicholinium-3 (K(i)=4.1 microM) and two oxoquinuclidium analogues of choline, quireston-A (K(i) approximately 10 microM) and quireston (K(i) approximately 100 microM) inhibited 50% of control uptake only at micromolar concentrations. The endogenous low-affinity Na(+)-independent uptake of [(3)H]-choline was also inhibited by high micromolar concentrations of hemicholinium-3.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, The University of Western Ontario, London, Ont., Canada N6A 5B7.
authors.forename: Heather
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: McLean
authors.forename: LouAnn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Verellen
authors.forename: Stanley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Caveney
authors.forename: Cam
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Donly
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D015870:Gene Expression; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D007814:Larva / Q000378:metabolism; D049990:Membrane Transport Modulators; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009036:Moths / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D019476:Insect Proteins; D049990:Membrane Transport Modulators; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; C065637:choline transporter; D002794:Choline