title: A new quantitative method using glucose for analysis of endodontic leakage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to introduce a new method for quantitative testing of endodontic leakage.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty straight maxillary anterior teeth were divided randomly into 3 experimental groups of 20 samples each and 2 control groups. The experimental groups were prepared using the modified double-flared technique and obturated by lateral compaction of cold gutta-percha with Pulp Canal Sealer EWT, Sealapex, or AH Plus sealer. With the leakage test device, coronal 1 mol/L glucose solution was forced under a hydrostatic pressure of 1.5 kPa toward the apical part of the root. Leakage was measured by the concentration of leaked glucose in apical reservoir at 1, 2, 4, 7, 10, 15, 20, and 30 days with the enzymatic glucose oxidase method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant difference of sealing ability was found among 3 test groups at 1, 2, 4, and 7 days. From the tenth day, Pulp Canal Sealer EWT showed the highest leakage, and the leakage was not significantly different between Sealapex and AH Plus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The quantitative method is sensitive, nondestructive, and clinically relevant. Pulp Canal Sealer EWT showed more leakage than Sealapex and AH Plus in most observation time.
authors.affiliation: School of Stomatology, Wuhan University, China.
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ming-wen
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Gary S P
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: Han-lin
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003763:Dental Leakage / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004853:Epoxy Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D005374:Filtration; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D006171:Gutta-Percha / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006874:Hydrostatic Pressure; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D012389:Root Canal Obturation; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000379:methods; D012459:Salicylates / Q000737:chemistry; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D013997:Time Factors; D019227:Tooth Apex; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004853:Epoxy Resins; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D012459:Salicylates; D015035:Zinc Oxide-Eugenol Cement; C534916:epoxy resin-based root canal sealer; C055601:Sealapex; C076543:Kerr Pulp Canal Sealer; D006171:Gutta-Percha; D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D005947:Glucose; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide