title: Fluid-regulatory hormone responses during cycling exercise in acute hypobaric hypoxia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to describe the responses of fluid-regulating hormones during exercise in acute hypobaric hypoxia and to test the hypothesis that they would be dependent on the relative intensity of exercise rather than the absolute workload.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen men cycled for 60 min on four occasions in the same individual hydration status: in normoxia at 55% and 75% of normoxia maximal aerobic power (N55 and N75, respectively), in hypoxia (PB = 594 hPa) at the same absolute workload and at the same relative intensity as N55 (H75 and H55, respectively). VO2, heart rate, and rectal and mean skin temperatures were recorded during exercise. The total water loss was measured by the difference in nude body mass adjusted for metabolic losses. Venous blood samples were drawn before and 15, 30, 45, and 60 min after the beginning of exercise to measure variations in plasma volume, osmolality, and concentrations in arginine vasopressin (AVP), atrial natriuretic factor (ANF), plasma renin activity (ARP), aldosterone (Aldo), and noradrenaline (NA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  During N55 and H55, AVP, Aldo and ARP did not change, whereas ANF increased slightly. Increases in AVP, Aldo, ARP, and NA were greater during N75 than during H75, whereas the increase in ANF was greater during H75 than N75.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma levels of AVP, Aldo, and ARP increase during exercise when a threshold is reached and thereafter are dependent on the absolute workload, without any specific effect of hypoxia. The time course of ANF appears to be different from that of the other hormones.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Factors, National Health Research Center for Defense, CRSSA, La Tronche, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bocqueraz
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Koulmann
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guigas
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jimenez
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Melin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000450:Aldosterone / Q000097:blood; D000531:Altitude; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin / Q000097:blood; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000097:blood; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000502:physiology; D005080:Exercise Test; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D010953:Plasma Volume / Q000502:physiology; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D013542:Sweat / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001127:Arginine Vasopressin; D000450:Aldosterone; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D012083:Renin; D010100:Oxygen; D009638:Norepinephrine