title: The novel antifungal agent PLD-118 is neither metabolized by liver microsomes nor inhibits cytochrome P450 in vitro.
abstract: PLD-118 is a novel, oral antifungal drug, under development for the treatment of Candida infections. Possible metabolism of PLD-118 by rat, dog and human S9 liver homogenates and inhibition of human cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes were investigated. PLD-118 (10 and 100 microM) incubated for 0-60 min with S9 fractions and NADPH was determined by HPLC, using the Waters AccQ.Tag method after derivatization of amino acids to stable, fluorescent derivatives. CYP assays were performed using pooled human liver microsomes with substrates, selective towards human CYP1A2, CYP2A6, CYP2B6, CYP2C9, CYP2C19, CYP2D6, CYP2E1 and CYP3A, incubated at concentrations around the Km. Incubation mixtures were preincubated with PLD-118 (0.1-100 microM) or control inhibitor for 5 min. No metabolism of PLD-118 was detected with rat and dog S9 fractions. A small (8%) decrease in PLD-118 at 100 microM (not detected at 10 microM) with human microsomes was considered to be biologically irrelevant. PLD-118 did not inhibit any of the tested CYPs. PLD-118, at concentrations up to 100 microM, is not metabolized by rat, dog or human liver S9 homogenates and does not inhibit human CYPs in vitro, suggesting little likelihood for interaction of PLD-118 with drugs metabolized by these enzymes.
authors.affiliation: PLIVA Research Institute Ltd, Zagreb, Croatia. michael.parnham@pliva.hr
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Parnham
authors.forename: J J P
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Bogaards
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Schrander
authors.forename: M W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Schut
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oresković
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mildner
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D003515:Cycloleucine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000187:drug effects; D004285:Dogs; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D000091243:Ribosomal Protein S9; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000091243:Ribosomal Protein S9; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins; D003515:Cycloleucine; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; C114614:2-amino-4-methylenecyclopentane-1-carboxylic acid