Attitude of the Belgian dentist population towards radiation protection.
OBJECTIVE
To perform a survey of private dental offices in Belgium and gain insight in the knowledge and attitude of Belgian dentists towards quality care in radiography and radiation protection.


METHODS
A questionnaire was distributed among 700 Belgian dental offices, which were included based on demographic data and the use of intraoral radiographic equipment.


RESULTS
The response rate was 71%. Implementation of standards for quality care and radiation protection was suboptimal. In most offices, exposure settings of the intraoral radiation tube were 65 kV/kVp to 70 kV/kVp and 10 mA to 12 mA, with an average exposure time of 0.45 s. No reduction of exposure time was noticed when using faster film types. About one-third of the responders worked with digital image receptors. Aiming devices and rectangular collimation were used in a minority of practices (40% and 6%, respectively). The distance of the dentist to the radiation tube during exposure was on average 2.2 m, although 8% of the dentists assisted in holding the image receptor inside the patient's mouth. One quarter of the dentists were standing behind a wall when taking radiographs. Lead aprons were worn more often by female dentists. Dose estimation revealed that male dentists received a significantly larger effective dose per year than female dentists (8.3 mSv vs 3.2 mSv).


CONCLUSIONS
The implementation of standards of quality care for radiography and radiation protection could be improved among Belgian dentists. An elaborate educational programme in dental radiography is a prerequisite. Furthermore, recommendations could help to attain a change in attitude towards the use of ionizing radiation in order to meet European guidelines.
Jacobs
R
R
Oral Imaging Centre, Faculty of Medicine, Katholieke Universiteit, Leuven, Belgium. reinhilde.jacobs@uz.kuleuven.ac.be
Vanderstappen
M
M
Bogaerts
R
R
Gijbels
F
F
D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001530:Belgium; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003815:Dentists / Q000523:psychology*; D004497:Education, Dental; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D011861:Radiography, Dental / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D019252:Radiography, Dental, Digital / Q000592:standards; D011871:Radiology / Q000193:education; D012737:Sex Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014962:X-Ray Film