title: A new typology of home-care helpers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The formal-informal dichotomy of home care, which has been a theoretical framework in quantitative and qualitative research, might not be descriptive of older persons' views about their home-care providers. This qualitative study explores the perspectives of older women about the characteristics of their home-care providers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three interviews were conducted with each of 25 women (aged 80-94 years) during the first 4 months of participation in a 3-year phenomenological study. The women described their helpers. We differentiated helper types on the basis of the nature of the help, and we explored variations in compensation arrangements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We delineated a new typology of home-care helpers: regular helpers, on-call helpers, can-will doers, and mainstays.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When home-care helpers are categorized by type of assistance provided, the potential value of their efforts is more evident. The association of formal care with paid help and informal care with nonpaid help limits the effectiveness of the dichotomy as a basis for home-care-payment policies. The new home-care-helper typology cuts across the dimensions of the dichotomy, providing an alternative theoretical framework for further research.
authors.affiliation: MU Sinclair School of Nursing, University of Missouri-Columbia, Columbia, MO 65211, USA. PorterEJ@missouri.edu
authors.forename: Eileen J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.forename: Lawrence H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Ganong
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Drew
authors.forename: Tracy I
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Lanes
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001294:Attitude to Health; D017028:Caregivers / Q000145:classification* / Q000191:economics; D005260:Female; D006699:Home Care Services; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008923:Missouri; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012456:Salaries and Fringe Benefits; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis