Older rhesus macaque infants are more susceptible to oral infection with simian-human immunodeficiency virus 89.6P than neonates.
Earlier primate studies revealed that oral transmission of immunodeficiency viruses can occur at all ages [R. M. Ruprecht et al., J. Infect. Dis. 179(Suppl. 3):S408-S412, 1999]. Using a stock of pathogenic simian-human immunodeficiency virus, SHIV89.6P, we compared the 50% animal infectious dose needed to achieve systemic infection after oral challenge in newborn and older infant or juvenile rhesus macaques. Unexpectedly, the older monkeys required a 150-fold-lower virus challenge dose than the neonates (P=3.3 x 10(-5)). In addition, at least 60,000 times more virus was needed to achieve systemic infection in neonates by the oral route than by the intravenous route (P <1 x 10(-5)). Thus, route of inoculation and age are important determinants of SHIV89.6P infectivity in rhesus macaques.
Chenine
Agnès-Laurence
AL
Department of Cancer Immunology, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney Street, JFB809, Boston, MA 02115-6084, USA.
Ferrantelli
Flavia
F
Hofmann-Lehmann
Regina
R
Vangel
Mark G
MG
McClure
Harold M
HM
Ruprecht
Ruth M
RM
D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D008253:Macaca mulatta / Q000821:virology*; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000502:physiology; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000502:physiology; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000209:etiology* / Q000821:virology; D019562:Viral Load
D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4