title: Percutaneous placement of permanent metal stents for treatment of ureteroenteric anastomotic strictures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of permanent metal stent placement in the treatment of ureteroenteric anastomotic strictures following failed balloon dilation or laser endoureterotomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Metal stents were placed in six ureteroenteric anastomotic strictures in four patients presenting with recurrent obstruction after balloon dilation or laser endoureteromy. Patients were evaluated at 1 week postoperatively with antegrade ureterography and at 3 to 6 months with renal ultrasound or CT scans. Serum creatinine assays and physical examination were performed at serial postoperative clinic visits.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 1-week follow-up, antegrade studies demonstrated a patent anastomosis in all six strictures. With a mean follow-up of 10 months (range 7-12 months), no stricture recurrence has been seen. All patients have been clinically stable, without episodes of pyelonephritis, flank pain, or need for indwelling stents or nephrostomy tube placement. Serum creatinine concentrations have been stable in all patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Metal stents offer a useful treatment option in patients who develop ureteroenteric anastomotic strictures after urinary diversion. Further, such stents may be used in patients failing balloon dilation or laser endoureterotomy. Further study to assess the long-term durability of metal stent placement is needed.
authors.affiliation: Section of Urology, Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Rapp
authors.forename: Brett A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Laven
authors.forename: Gary D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Steinberg
authors.forename: Glenn S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Gerber
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015653:Cystectomy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007415:Intestinal Obstruction / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008670:Metals; D008875:Middle Aged; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D014547:Urinary Diversion / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014567:Urography
chemical_list: D008670:Metals