title: A human PBPK model for ethanol describing inhibition of gastric motility.
abstract: A physiologically based pharmacokinetic model for investigating inter-individual and inter-racial variability in ethanol pharmacokinetics is presented. The model is a substantial modification of an existing model which described some genetic polymorphisms in the hepatic alcohol dehydrogenase enzymes. The model was modified to incorporate a description of ethanol absorption from the stomach and gastro-intestinal tract and the retardation of gastric emptying due to a concentration-dependent inhibition of gastric peristalsis. In addition, intra-venous and intra-arterial routes of administration were added to investigate whether the biological structure of the model provided a core which may be easily adapted for any route of exposure. The model is proposed as suitable for the investigation of the effects of both acute and chronic ethanol exposure.
authors.affiliation: Health and Safety Laboratory, Broad Lane, Sheffield, S3 7HQ, UK.
authors.forename: George D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Loizou
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Spendiff
mesh_terms: D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D008954:Models, Biological; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol