title: Bisphosphonate incadronate prevents total gastrectomy-induced osteopenia in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Total gastrectomy (GX) leads to osteopenia. We examined the effects of bisphosphonate incadronate (INC), a potent inhibitor of bone resorption, on bone characteristics in rats that underwent total GX.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Wistar rats were divided into four groups: (1) sham-operation (n=10); (2) total GX control (n=6); (3) total GX with 0.3 mg kg(-1) day(-1) oral administration of INC (n=7); and (4) total GX with 3.0 mg kg(-1) day(-1) oral administration of INC (n=7).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total GX significantly impaired bone mineral density; these effects were prevented by treatment with INC. Similarly, in GX control rats, morphometrical changes of femoral metaphysis stained with Villanueva's and Villanueva-Goldner's: bone volume, tissue volume, mineral apposition rate, labeled/bone surface, bone formation rate, osteoid volume, mineralization lag time as well as serum osteocalcin, and urinary deoxypyridinoline demonstrated simultaneous existence of both osteomalacia and osteopenia; these impairments were also prevented by INC. However, GX-induced decrease in serum levels of calcium as well as 25-hydroxyvitamin D/24,25-dihydroxyvitamin D and the increase in 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D were not prevented by administration of INC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results enhance the understanding of the unique pathophysiology of both osteomalacia and osteoporosis induced by total GX and suggest the possibility of using INC as preventive therapy for osteopenia in GX-treated patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Takaya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwai
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Omura
authors.forename: Nobuyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hanyu
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kashiwagi
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yanaga
authors.forename: Mitsuyoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Urashima
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D004164:Diphosphonates; C071542:cimadronate