title: Applying the transtheoretical model to cancer screening behavior.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide a comprehensive review of published research on the application of the transtheoretical model (TTM) to cancer screening behavior.
  
  
  METHODS
  Studies were categorized by design, given an internal validity rating where appropriate, and rated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-two studies were reviewed. Stage-matched mammography interventions were supported; however, the body of literature was of limited size. Research on the TTM as it applies to other cancer screenings is sparse.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stage-of-change and decisional balance appear to apply to mammography. More validation research is needed on the application of the TTM to all cancer screening behaviors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Exercise Science, Rowan University, Glassboro, NJ 08028, USA. spencer@rowan.edu
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Spencer
authors.forename: Francie
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pagell
authors.forename: Troy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Adams
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003113:Colonoscopy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003657:Decision Making; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires