title: High Th1/Th2 ratio in patients with multiple myeloma.
abstract: To determine the clinical significance of the T helper 1(Th1)/T helper 2 (Th2) ratio in multiple myeloma, the intracellular IFN-gamma and IL-4 were analyzed by flow cytometry in 56 patients with multiple myeloma. The mean Th1/Th2 ratio of cases in the initial diagnosis phase and the refractory phase were higher than that of the control group. The mean serum beta-2-microglobulin in the high Th1/Th2 subgroup was significantly higher than that in the normal Th1/Th2 subgroup (P < 0.05). In conclusion, the Th1/Th2 ratio was closely related to the disease status of multiple myeloma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Gunma University, 3-39-15 Showa-machi, Maebashi, Gunma 371-8511, Japan.
authors.forename: Hatsue
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ogawara
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Handa
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Takuma
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toda
authors.forename: Kensuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Natsumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nishimoto
authors.forename: Wedad Hamdi Saleh
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Al-ma'Quol
authors.forename: Yoriaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kaneko
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsushima
authors.forename: Norifumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsukamoto
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nojima
authors.forename: Morio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Morio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sawamura
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Murakami
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016516:CD4-CD8 Ratio; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000276:immunology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000032:analysis; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000032:analysis; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D007136:Immunoglobulins; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma