Dendritic cells and macrophages are productively infected by poliovirus.
Expression of the poliovirus receptor (PVR) on cells is a major host determinant of infection by poliovirus. Previously, the only immune cell type known to express PVR was the blood-derived monocyte, which is susceptible to infection at very low frequency. We demonstrate that professional antigen-presenting cells-macrophages and dendritic cells, generated upon differentiation of monocytes-retain expression of PVR and are highly susceptible to infection by type 1 Mahoney strain of poliovirus. Maximal cell-associated titers of virus are obtained within 6 to 8 h postinfection, and cell death and lysis occurs within 24 h postinfection. Similar kinetics are observed in cells infected with the Sabin 1 vaccine strain. Although protein synthesis and receptor-mediated endocytosis are inhibited upon poliovirus infection of these critical antigen-presenting cells, we demonstrate for the first time that functional presentation of antigen occurs in these infected cells via the HLA class II pathway.
Wahid
Rahnuma
R
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA.
Cannon
Martin J
MJ
Chow
Marie
M
D017951:Antigen Presentation; D017209:Apoptosis; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000821:virology*; D004705:Endocytosis; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008264:Macrophages / Q000821:virology*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000821:virology; D017955:Poliovirus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral; D011506:Proteins