title: Cognitive impairment after stroke - impact on activities of daily living and costs of care for elderly people. The Göteborg 70+ Stroke Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The economic burden of stroke is substantial and is likely to increase with an increasing number of elderly individuals in the population. There is thus a need for information on the use of health care resources and costs among these elderly stroke patients. We examined the impact of the cognitive impairments on the ability to perform activities of daily living (ADL) and utilization and costs of health care in a cohort of elderly stroke patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and forty-nine patients aged >/=70 years with acute stroke were included. The patients were assessed regarding their ability to carry out ADL and health resource utilization and cost during the first year after stroke. Cognitive impairments were assessed 18 months after the index stroke.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stroke severity in acute stroke and cognitive impairment at 18 months after stroke onset was associated with impairment in ADL and increased costs for utilisation of care during the first year. Patients with cognitive impairment were more dependent on personal assistance in ADL. Costs per patient during the study were three times higher for patients with cognitive impairment. Hospital care, institutional living and different kinds of support from society accounted for the highest costs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Costs of care utilisation during the first year after stroke were associated with cognitive impairments, stroke severity and dependence in ADL. The results should be interpreted cautiously as the assessment of cognitive function was made 18 months after stroke onset and costs were estimated for the first year after stroke.
authors.affiliation: Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Institute of Clinical Neuroscience, Stroke Research Group, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden. licl@neuro.gu.se
authors.forename: Lisbeth
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Claesson
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lindén
authors.forename: Ingmar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Skoog
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Blomstrand
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000191:economics / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006295:Health Resources / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020521:Stroke / Q000191:economics* / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy