title: Impact of obesity and body fat distribution on cardiovascular risk factors in Hong Kong Chinese.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Body fat distribution has been reported to differentially contribute to the development of cardiovascular risk. We report the relative associations between general and central obesity and risk factors in 2893 Chinese subjects recruited from the Hong Kong population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anthropometric parameters [waist circumference (WC) and BMI], surrogate measures of insulin resistance (fasting plasma glucose and insulin, oral glucose tolerance test, 2 hours glucose and insulin), fasting lipids (total, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, and triglycerides) and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were measured. General obesity was classified as BMI > or =25.0 kg/m(2) and central obesity as a WC > or =80 or > or =90 cm in women and men, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 39.2% of the population was found to be obese. Obesity per se increased the levels of the risk factors, but central adiposity contributed to a greater extent to adverse high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, triglyceride, and insulin resistance levels. There was a continuous relationship between increasing obesity, both general and central, and cardiovascular risk, with lowest risk associated with the lowest indices of obesity. In the 1759 nonobese subjects divided into quartiles of BMI or WC, the levels of the cardiovascular risk factors still significantly increased with increasing quartiles of adiposity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Central adiposity appears to contribute to a greater extent than general adiposity to the development of cardiovascular risk in this population. The relationship between obesity parameters and risk is a continuum, with risk factors significantly increasing even at levels usually considered nonobese. These observations support the proposed redefinition of overweight and obesity in Asian populations using lower cut-off points.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Medicine, University of Hong Kong, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong.
authors.forename: G Neil
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Sai-Yin
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Ho
authors.forename: Karen S L
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Edward D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Janus
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Hedley
authors.forename: Tai Hing
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Lam
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000886:Anthropometry; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001823:Body Composition; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D006723:Hong Kong / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D016015:Logistic Models; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides