title: Diffuse expression of hRFI is correlated with blood vessel invasion in gastric carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  hRFI, which has a relatively high homology to XIAP, is preferentially expressed in esophageal and colorectal carcinomas, and is involved in the initial tumor formation in the colorectal adenoma-carcinoma sequence. Furthermore, its diffuse expression is associated with colorectal carcinogenesis. However, hRFI expression in gastric carcinomas has not been evaluated so far.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed immunohistochemical staining on 76 gastric carcinoma samples using the antibody to hRFI and also analyzed the correlation between the staining pattern of hRFI and the clinico-pathological characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All of the samples were stained focally (31 cases, 40.8%) or diffusely (45 cases, 59.2%) in the cancerous region. On the contrary, most of the normal gastric region showed no staining, except for a few cases that showed slight immunoreactivity in speckles. Furthermore, the proportion of blood vessel involvement was significantly higher in carcinomas with diffuse hRFI expression (28/45, 62.2%) than in carcinomas with focal expression (7/31, 22.6%) (P < 0.001). Liver metastasis was consistently observed in five cases (11.1%) in diffuse, but only one (3.3%) in focal type during the average follow up period of 5 years. However, the 3-year survival rate did not show significant difference between these different staining patterns of hRFI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the detection of the expression pattern of hRFI in gastric carcinomas can be another useful predictor of liver recurrence, especially when combined with other factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan. SASAKI-1SU@h.u-tokyo.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Joji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kitayama
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Konishi
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagawa
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000556:secondary; D000368:Aged; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D019043:Vascular Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D011506:Proteins; C461219:RNF34 protein, human