Behavioral and hypnotic treatments for insomnia subtypes.
This investigation compared progressive muscle relaxation plus cognitive distraction (PMR/CD), hypothesized to better improve sleep onset, versus sleep restriction and stimulus control (SR/SC), hypothesized to better improve sleep maintenance, versus a flurazepam (Dalmane) positive contrast condition (MED) and a sleep hygiene education minimal treatment control condition (SHE). Participants with chronic insomnia (N = 53), completed 2 baseline weeks of sleep diaries, and were randomly assigned to a treatment group for 2 more weeks. In the second phase, PMR/CD participants were assigned to 2 weeks of PMR/CD + SR/SC + SHE while SHE participants continued SHE. Results indicated that PMR/CD had greater effect upon sleep onset than SR/SC and SHE, SR/SC had greater effect on sleep maintenance than PMR/CD, and MED was better than the other treatments. In the second phase, the treatment package produced modest additional improvements and SHE performed superior to expectations.
Waters
William F
WF
Ochsner Clinic Foundation, Baton Rouge 70809, USA. wwaters@ochsner.org
Hurry
Mark J
MJ
Binks
Paul G
PG
Carney
Colleen E
CE
Lajos
Laura E
LE
Fuller
Kristi H
KH
Betz
Brian
B
Johnson
Jack
J
Anderson
Tai
T
Tucci
James M
JM
D000328:Adult; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D005479:Flurazepam / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D017286:Polysomnography; D012064:Relaxation Therapy; D012146:Rest; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D005479:Flurazepam