Could mitochondrial DNA quantitation be a surrogate marker for drug mitochondrial toxicity?
Nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors have been proven to inhibit mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) polymerase gamma, resulting in decreased mtDNA synthesis and consequential risk for the development of mitochondrial dysfunction in HIV-infected individuals. The depletion of mtDNA seems to correlate with the development of symptomatic hyperlactatemia and lipoatrophy. A validated quantitative mitochondrial DNA assay could be useful to monitor and prevent mitochondrial damage in HIV-infected patients, especially in those under antiretroviral therapy with nucleoside analogues. This review analyzes the current methods to determine mitochondrial damage and the available data to support their utility in clinical practice.
de Mendoza
Carmen
C
Service of Infectious Diseases, Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Spain. cmendoza@teleline.es
Sanchez-Conde
Matilde
M
Ribera
Esteve
E
Domingo
Pere
P
Soriano
Vincent
V
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000032:analysis* / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D015497:HIV-1; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D028361:Mitochondrial Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000235:genetics*; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D011247:Pregnancy
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial