title: Pleiotropic function of Toll-like receptors.
abstract: A group of type I transmembrane proteins, Toll-like receptors (TLRs) discriminate various microorganism-associated molecular structures that can function as immune adjuvants. Each TLR signaling has an overlapping but distinct function, which largely depends on intracellular adaptor molecules. Clarifying the functions and signaling of TLRs should provide us with critical information for manipulating the host defense mechanism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Host Defense, Research Institute for Microbial Diseases, Osaka University, Yamadaoka 3-1, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Tsuneyasu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kaisho
authors.forename: Shizuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000502:physiology*; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors