title: [Detection of impaired renal function: is the modern serologic marker cystatin C more accurate than the 99mTc-MAG3 clearance?].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Renal function is usually determined by means of creatinine-clearance, and of serum Cystatin C, the latter with increasing frequency. The present study analyses, whether the diagnostic accuracy of (99m)Tc-MAG(3) clearance is comparable to that of these modern serologic methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  71 consecutive adult Caucasian patients (42 female, 29 male; age 50 +/- 16 yrs., range 20-83) who were referred to a nuclear medicine department for determination of bilateral renal function with (99m)Tc-MAG(3) were included. Following sufficient hydration, 10 ml of blood were taken for determination of Cystatin C and creatinine in serum prior to i.v. injection of the radiotracer. According to the recommendations of the National Kidney Foundation, glomerular filtration rate (GFR) was calculated from serum creatinine using either Cockcroft & Gault and Modification of Diet in Renal Disease (MDRD) study equation. These estimates of GFR served as reference. Cystatin C is a low molecular protein produced by all nuclear cells and is eliminated to 85 % by glomerular filtration. Analysis of (99m)Tc-MAG(3) clearance was performed by means of Bubeck's formula.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Linear regression analysis produced Pearson's correlation coefficients of r = 0.68 and r = -0.69 for the comparison of either Cystatin C and (99m)Tc-MAG(3) clearance with the Cockcroft & Gault equation. The comparison of Cystatin C and (99m)Tc-MAG(3) clearance with MDRD study equation resulted in correlation coefficients of r = 0.755 and r = -0.77. None of these differences were significant. The exclusion of renal impairment or the detection of an at least moderate renal impairment revealed again no significant differences between Cystatin C and (99m)Tc-MAG(3) clearance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cystatin C and (99m)Tc-MAG(3) clearance are equally suited to exclude renal impairment or to detect a relevant renal impairment. Differences between both procedures are more likely a result of the applied reference method.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Nuklearmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53127 Bonn, Germany. michael.reinhardt@ukb.uni-bonn.de
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Reinhardt
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Weidling
authors.forename: H-P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Breuel
authors.forename: H-J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Biersack
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D055316:Cystatin C; D015891:Cystatins / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008875:Middle Aged; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D017263:Technetium Tc 99m Mertiatide / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D044465:White People
chemical_list: C525030:CST3 protein, human; D055316:Cystatin C; D015891:Cystatins; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D017263:Technetium Tc 99m Mertiatide; D003404:Creatinine