title: Natural history of renal scarring in susceptible mIL-8Rh-/- mice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Urinary tract infections (UTIs) cause end-stage renal disease (ESRD) but the molecular mechanisms have remained unclear. Recently, the interleukin (IL)-8 receptor was shown to control disease susceptibility in mice and low IL-8 receptor expression was observed in pyelonephritis-prone patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intravesical Escherichia coli infection was established in mIL-8Rh-/- or Balb/c control mice. Survival, bacterial persistence, and histology were used as measurements of disease severity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Within 2 days, 19/30 mIL-8Rh-/- mice developed lethal infection with bacteremia. Surviving mice remained infected and developed progressive renal damage with pathologic neutrophil accumulation and abscess formation first under the pelvic epithelium and then throughout the tissue. Recruited immune effector cells were unable to remove the dying neutrophils and frustrated macrophages formed foam cell aggregates. As a result, there was successive destruction of the mucosal barrier, medulla and cortex and necrosis of the renal papilla. The mIL-8Rh+/+ mice all survived and infection was cleared within a few days without symptoms or tissue pathology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  mIL-8Rh-/- mice develop acute bacteremic pyelonephritis and renal scarring due to a dysfunctional neutrophil response. The tissue damage resembles human disease, and these mice offer a model system to study the molecular mechanisms of renal scarring.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Laboratory Medicine, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Glycobiology, University of Lund, Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Majlis
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Svensson
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Irjala
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alm
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Holmqvist
authors.forename: Ann-Charlotte
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Lundstedt
authors.forename: Catharina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Svanborg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D005355:Fibrosis; D007668:Kidney / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D020297:Mice, Congenic; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009336:Necrosis; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D011704:Pyelonephritis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D023062:Receptors, Interleukin-8A / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D023062:Receptors, Interleukin-8A