title: Common polymorphisms of the PPAR-gamma2 (Pro12Ala) and PGC-1alpha (Gly482Ser) genes are associated with the conversion from impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes in the STOP-NIDDM trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the effects of the common polymorphisms in the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma2 (PPAR-gamma2; Pro12Ala) and in PPAR-gamma coactivator 1alpha (PGC-1alpha; Gly482Ser) genes on the conversion from impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes in participants in the STOP-NIDDM trial. This trial aimed to study the effect of acarbose in the prevention of type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genotyping was performed in 770 study subjects whose DNA was available. The Gly482Ser variant in the PGC-1alpha gene was determined with the polymerase chain reaction amplification, Hpa II enzyme digestion, and gel electrophoresis. The Pro12Ala polymorphism of the PPAR-gamma2 gene was determined by the polymerase chain reaction-single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Pro12Pro genotype of the PPAR-gamma2 gene predicted the conversion to diabetes in women in the acarbose group (odds ratio 2.89, 95% CI 1.20 to 6.96; p=0.018). The 482Ser allele of the PGC-1alpha gene had a significant interaction with the mode of treatment (p=0.012), and in the placebo group the 482Ser allele was associated with a 1.6-fold higher risk for type 2 diabetes compared to the Gly482Gly genotype (95% CI 1.06 to 2.33; p=0.023). Acarbose prevented the development of diabetes independently of the genotype of the PPAR-gamma2 gene, but only the carriers of the 482Ser allele of the PGC-1alpha gene were responsive to acarbose treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the Pro12Pro genotype of the PPAR-gamma2 gene and the 482Ser allele of the PGC-1alpha gene are associated with the conversion from impaired glucose tolerance to type 2 diabetes in the STOP-NIDDM trial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Kuopio, 70210, Kuopio, Finland.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Andrulionytè
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zacharova
authors.forename: J-L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Chiasson
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laakso
mesh_terms: D020909:Acarbose / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000235:genetics*; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics*; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D047495:PPAR gamma; C486497:PPARGC1A protein, human; D000071248:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptor Gamma Coactivator 1-alpha; D014157:Transcription Factors; D020909:Acarbose