title: The gene encoding acyl-CoA-binding protein is subject to metabolic regulation by both sterol regulatory element-binding protein and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha in hepatocytes.
abstract: The acyl-CoA-binding protein (ACBP) is a 10-kDa intracellular lipid-binding protein that transports acylCoA esters. The protein is expressed in most cell types at low levels; however, expression is particularly high in cells with a high turnover of fatty acids. Here we confirm a previous observation that ACBP expression in rodent liver is down-regulated by fasting, and we show that insulin but not glucose is the inducer of ACBP expression in primary rat hepatocytes. In keeping with the regulation by insulin, we show that ACBP is a sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1c (SREBP-1c) target gene in hepatocytes. Members of the SREBP family activate the rat ACBP gene through binding sites for SREBP and the auxiliary factors Sp1 and nuclear factor Y in the proximal promoter. In addition, we show that ACBP is a peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) alpha target gene in cultured hepatocytes and is induced in the liver by fibrates in a PPARalpha-dependent manner. Thus, ACBP is a dual PPARalpha and SREBP-1c target gene in hepatocytes. Fasting leads to reduced activity of SREBP but increased activity of PPARalpha in hepatocytes, and in keeping with ACBP being a dual target gene, we show that ACBP expression is significantly lower in livers from PPARalpha knock-out mice than in livers from wild type mice. In conclusion, expression of ACBP in rodent hepatocytes is subject to dual metabolic regulation by PPARalpha and SREBP-1c, which may reflect the need for ACBP during lipogenic as well as lipo-oxidative conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Southern Denmark, 5230 Odense M, Denmark.
authors.forename: Maria B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Sandberg
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bloksgaard
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Duran-Sandoval
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Duval
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Staels
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mandrup
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D023081:CCAAT-Binding Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D026261:Diazepam Binding Inhibitor; D005215:Fasting / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D017930:Genes, Reporter / Q000235:genetics; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D047493:PPAR alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020218:Response Elements / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D023081:CCAAT-Binding Factor; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D026261:Diazepam Binding Inhibitor; D007328:Insulin; D047493:PPAR alpha; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C497387:SREBF1 protein, human; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor; C497388:Srebf1 protein, mouse; C497389:Srebf1 protein, rat; D051780:Sterol Regulatory Element Binding Protein 1; D014157:Transcription Factors; C402244:nuclear factor Y; D005947:Glucose