title: Sex differences in bronchiolar epithelium response after the inhalation of lead acetate (Pb).
abstract: In order to identify if there were sex differences in lead (Pb) lung concentrations and in bronchiolar response after its inhalation, a mice inhalation model was conducted. Sixty CD-1 adult mice from each sex inhaled separately, lead acetate 0.1 M for 1 h, thrice weekly during 15 days. Animals were evaluated for Pb-lung concentrations by atomic absorption spectrometry and for morphological evaluation by scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Higher Pb-lung concentrations were determined in females, however, more cell damage was found in males, finding that correlated with an increased loss of the nonciliated bronchiolar cells (NCBC) more sloughing and necrosis. Differences in particle clearance, oxidative stress handling, cytokines pathway activation and cytochrome P450 enzymes activity, all influenced by sex hormones, might be a possible explanation for our findings. The relevance of further studies in this field is stressed, as well as its relation to the different development expected for each sex in disease evolution, possible complications and treatment response.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología Celular y Tisular, Edificio A 3er piso, Facultad de Medicina, UNAM, C.P. 04510 México City, Mexico. fortoul@servidor.unam.mx
authors.forename: Teresa Imelda
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Fortoul
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moncada-Hernández
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Saldivar-Osorio
authors.forename: Guadalupe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Espejel-Maya
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mussali-Galante
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: del Carmen Avila-Casado
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Colín-Barenque
authors.forename: Maria Isidra
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Hernández-Serrato
authors.forename: Maria Rosa
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Avila-Costa
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D001980:Bronchi / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004848:Epithelium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005260:Female; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D023421:Models, Animal; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D007854:Lead; C008261:lead acetate