Messenger RNA transcripts of the meiotic regulator BOULE in the testis of azoospermic men and their application in predicting the success of sperm retrieval.
BACKGROUND
Testicular sperm retrieval can lead to paternity for azoospermic patients with spermatogenic failure. The human BOULE gene, a meiotic regulator of germ cells, is a gene whose altered expression may be associated with sterility. We determined the levels of BOULE transcripts in the testes of azoospermic patients, and evaluated the relationship between BOULE transcript levels and patients' testicular phenotypes, clinical parameters and sperm retrieval results.


RESULTS
BOULE transcript levels in the testes of 41 azoospermic patients were examined by quantitative competitive-reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. A significant decrease in BOULE transcript levels was detected in patients with spermatogenic failure, and BOULE transcript levels progressively decreased with increasing severity of testicular failure. BOULE transcript levels did not correlate with the serum hormone parameters measured. Significantly higher BOULE transcript levels were detected in 19 patients with successful sperm retrieval than in 12 patients with failed sperm retrieval. When using a cut-off value of 0.5 for BOULE transcript ratio to predict the success of sperm retrieval, both the sensitivity and specificity value were 100%.


CONCLUSIONS
We suggest the BOULE transcript plays an important role in human spermatogenesis and that the levels may predict the presence of testicular sperm in patients with spermatogenic failure.
Lin
Yung Ming
YM
Department of Urology, National Cheng Kung University, College of Medicine, Tainan, Taiwan. linym@mail.ncku.edu.tw
Kuo
Pao Lin
PL
Lin
Ying Hung
YH
Teng
Yen Ni
YN
Nan Lin
Johnny Shinn
JS
D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009845:Oligospermia / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D013091:Spermatogenesis; D013094:Spermatozoa; D013737:Testis / Q000378:metabolism*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting; D016896:Treatment Outcome
C481351:BOLL protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D013739:Testosterone; D005987:Glyceraldehyde-3-Phosphate Dehydrogenases