title: Transforming growth factor beta1 in nasal remodeling: differences between chronic rhinosinusitis and nasal polyposis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) and nasal polyposis (NP) are histopathologically characterized by different gross morphological aspects. Transforming growth factor (TGF) beta1 plays an important role in tissue remodeling, which is poorly understood in chronic diseases of the sinuses.
  
  
  METHODS
  The expression of TGF-beta1 was analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, quantitative reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction, and immunohistochemistry in nasal tissue from controls (n = 6), CRS (n = 19), or NP (n = 19).
  
  
  RESULTS
  CRS presented significantly higher concentrations of TGF-beta1 at protein (p = 0.0008) and mRNA levels (p = 0.025) when compared with NP samples. In CRS, TGF-beta1+ staining of the extracellular matrix was found abundantly and related to fibrosis. In contrast, no TGF-beta1 staining was found in the pseudocyst areas in NP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CRS was histologically characterized by fibrosis, which was reflected by a significantly higher expression of TGF-beta1 at RNA and protein levels when compared with NP. We show that TGF-beta1 expression is related to fibrosis, differentiating CRS without polyps from NP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Ghent, Belgium.
authors.forename: Jean-Baptiste
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Watelet
authors.forename: Cindy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Claeys
authors.forename: Claudina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Perez-Novo
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gevaert
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Van Cauwenberge
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bachert
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000502:physiology*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
chemical_list: C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1