title: Irritant threshold and histological response of epidermis to irritant application.
abstract: Individuals vary in their ability to react to irritants, which can be demonstrated for sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) using the irritant threshold (IT) test. We aimed to study whether the histological and immunohistochemical features of the skin following SLS exposure varied with subject's IT. 8 subjects were recruited. Their IT was measured. Biopsies were taken after 2 hr and 4 hr of occlusion with 20% SLS and control. The specimens were stained with haematoxylin and eosin and for Langerhans cells. At 4-hr, low-threshold subjects developed changes to a greater extent than high-threshold subjects. The relationship of histological reaction to IT could be related to a differential pro-inflammatory cytokine response in subjects. Low IT has been previously associated with a tumour necrosis factor alpha promoter region polymorphism.
authors.affiliation: St John's Institute of Dermatology, St Thomas' Hospital, London, UK. harveyandlucie@hotmail.com
authors.forename: H R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Orchard
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Calonje
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Basketter
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: McFadden
mesh_terms: D018949:Antigens, CD1 / Q000032:analysis; D001706:Biopsy; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004396:Coloring Agents; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004801:Eosine Yellowish-(YS); D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006416:Hematoxylin; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D018836:Inflammation Mediators / Q000032:analysis; D007509:Irritants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007801:Langerhans Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D018949:Antigens, CD1; C419393:CD1a antigen; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D018836:Inflammation Mediators; D007509:Irritants; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; D004801:Eosine Yellowish-(YS); D006416:Hematoxylin