title: Effects of prior moderate exercise on postprandial metabolism and vascular function in lean and centrally obese men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether a session of prior exercise could ameliorate postprandial endothelial dysfunction.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Endothelial function is impaired after fat ingestion, and this may be related to rises in triglyceride concentrations. Exercise reduces postprandial triglyceride concentrations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten lean (waist <90 cm) and 10 centrally obese (waist >100 cm) middle-aged men each underwent two oral fat tolerance tests (blood taken fasting and for 8 h after a high-fat meal containing 80 g fat and 70 g carbohydrate). On the afternoon before one test, subjects performed a 90-min treadmill walk (exercise); no exercise was performed before the control test. Endothelium-dependent and -independent microvascular function was assessed using laser Doppler imaging in the fasted state and at two hourly intervals during the 8-h postprandial period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Exercise reduced both fasting and postprandial triglyceride concentrations by 25% in both the lean and centrally obese groups (p < 0.0005). For all subjects taken together, exercise improved fasting endothelium-dependent function by 25% (p < 0.05), and, although there was a significant postprandial decrease in both endothelium-dependent and -independent function in both the control and exercise trials (p < 0.01), postprandial endothelium-dependent and -independent function were 15% and 20% higher, respectively, in the exercise trial than the control trial (both p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A session of prior exercise improves fasting and postprandial vascular function in middle-aged men. This may be one mechanism by which exercise influences cardiovascular risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Biochemistry, University of Glasgow, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: Jason M R
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Mamari
authors.forename: William R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Ferrell
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Cleland
authors.forename: Chris J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Packard
authors.forename: Naveed
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sattar
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Petrie
authors.forename: Muriel J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Caslake
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000328:Adult; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000503:physiopathology; D015444:Exercise; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D019518:Postprandial Period; D013851:Thinness / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016138:Walking
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D014280:Triglycerides; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009599:Nitroprusside; D000109:Acetylcholine