title: Complications from transvaginal pubovaginal slings using bone anchor fixation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the history and management of complications from transvaginally placed pubovaginal slings using bone anchor fixation.
  
  
  METHODS
  During a 3-year period, 10 patients were referred to us for complications related to transvaginally placed pubovaginal slings using bone anchor fixation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patient age ranged from 42 to 73 years. All women had a vaginally introduced bone anchor sling for stress urinary incontinence. The presenting symptoms after surgery included fever, pain, and difficulty ambulating in 1; pain and/or vaginal dyspareunia with discharge in 5; pain or dyspareunia alone in 2; and vaginal discharge alone in 2 patients. Two patients ultimately developed bone lesions on radiologic studies consistent with osteomyelitis. Six patients developed sinus drainage tracts associated with granulation tissue from at least one bone anchor that was unresponsive to outpatient management. One of the patients with pain alone had a permanent suture extending into the bladder neck. Nine patients underwent surgery, of whom five had resolution of their presenting complaint. Four of these patients were continent at last follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transvaginally placed pubovaginal slings using bone anchors can be associated with serious complications that may be intractable to common therapies. This knowledge may enable practitioners who use this technique to better counsel their patients regarding these significant complications.
authors.affiliation: Division of Female Urology and Urogynecology, University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Fialkow
authors.forename: Gretchen M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Lentz
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Jane L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016268:Internal Fixators / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000601:surgery*; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*