title: The orphan nuclear receptor, liver receptor homolog-1, regulates cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochrome p450 enzyme in human granulosa cells.
abstract: After ovulation, there is a shift in ovarian steroidogenesis from an estrogen-producing ovarian follicle to a progesterone-producing corpus luteum. The first step in human ovarian steroidogenesis is catalyzed by cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochrome P450 (CYP11A1) enzyme. Steroidogenic factor-1 is an orphan nuclear receptor that regulates several steroidogenic enzymes, including CYP11A1. Liver receptor homolog-1 (LRH-1) is another orphan nuclear receptor that is expressed in the human ovary. After ovulation there is a down-regulation in steroidogenic factor-1, which is associated with an up-regulation of LRH-1 expression. These changes coincide with increased level of CYP11A1 expression in human corpus luteum. In this study, we examined the role of LRH-1 in the regulation of human granulosa cell CYP11A1 expression. Cotransfection of human granulosa cell tumor cells with CYP11A1 promoter and LRH-1 expression vector resulted in a significant increase in CYP11A1 expression. Deletion analysis revealed two putative LRH-1 binding sites at -1580 and -40, which was confirmed by EMSA. Dosage-sensitive sex-reversal-adrenal hypoplasia congenita critical region on the X chromosome, gene-1 inhibited LRH-1 stimulated CYP11A1 expression, and that was not overcome by the presence of PKA agonist. We conclude that CYP11A1 expression in human granulosa cells is regulated by LRH-1. We propose that LRH-1 could be the major transcription factor for the post-ovulatory surge in human ovarian steroidogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Cedars Medical Center, 1400 NW 12th Avenue, East Building 4th floor, Miami, Florida 33136, USA.
authors.forename: Joung W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jon C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Havelock
authors.forename: Bruce R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.forename: George R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Attia
mesh_terms: D003994:Bucladesine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002786:Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D057137:DAX-1 Orphan Nuclear Receptor; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000502:physiology; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000502:physiology; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D054339:Steroidogenic Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D057137:DAX-1 Orphan Nuclear Receptor; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C539965:NR0B1 protein, human; C515057:NR5A1 protein, human; C082631:NR5A2 protein, human; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D054339:Steroidogenic Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors; D003994:Bucladesine; D002786:Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme