title: [The genetics of glioma: molecular classification].
abstract: Gliomas result from specific genetic alterations--such as activation of specific oncogenes and/or inactivation of specific tumor suppressor genes. These alterations affect specific pathways involved in either signal transduction or cell cycle control, leading to phenotypic changes such as uncontrolled proliferation, inhibition of apoptosis, genetic instability, invasive properties. Tumoral progression includes multiple molecular pathways of clinical relevance: early alterations (p53 mutations for astrocytomas, 1p and 19q loss for oligodendrogliomas) and late alterations (EGF-R amplification, PTEN and P16/CDKN2A inactivation). Genetic profile is not only of diagnostic--but also prognostic relevance, as shown by 1p associated to 19q loss in oligodendrogliomas which is predictive of better prognosis and higher response rate.
authors.affiliation: Fédération de neurologie Mazarin, Bâtiment Mazarin, Hôpital Salpétrière, 47-83 bd de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taillibert
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pedretti
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sanson
mesh_terms: D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005819:Genetic Markers; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005910:Glioma / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers