A meta-analysis of smoking cessation interventions with individuals in substance abuse treatment or recovery.
This meta-analysis examined outcomes of smoking cessation interventions evaluated in 19 randomized controlled trials with individuals in current addictions treatment or recovery. Smoking and substance use outcomes at posttreatment and long-term follow-up (> or = 6 months) were summarized with random effects models. Intervention effects for smoking cessation were significant at posttreatment and comparable for participants in addictions treatment and recovery; however, intervention effects for smoking cessation were nonsignificant at long-term follow-up. Smoking cessation interventions provided during addictions treatment were associated with a 25% increased likelihood of long-term abstinence from alcohol and illicit drugs. Short-term smoking cessation effects look promising, but innovative strategies are needed for long-term cessation. Contrary to previous concerns, smoking cessation interventions during addictions treatment appeared to enhance rather than compromise long-term sobriety.
Prochaska
Judith J
JJ
Department of Psychiatry, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0984, USA. jodijpr@itsa.ucsf.edu
Delucchi
Kevin
K
Hall
Sharon M
SM
D003289:Convalescence; D006801:Humans; D012907:Smoking / Q000628:therapy*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000628:therapy*