title: Hip fractures in lebanese patients: determinants and prognosis.
abstract: Hip fractures are the most costly of osteoporotic fractures, but little is known about their epidemiology in the Middle East. Hip fracture patients and controls with osteoarthritis admitted to our institution from 1992 to 2002 were studied. Information on gender, age, type of fracture, comorbid conditions, and medications use was obtained. The mean age for hip fracture patients (n = 274) was 72.1(8.5) yr, and for controls (n = 112), it was 71.1(4.4) yr, two-thirds of fractures occurred in women. Fractures were 59% intertrochanteric, 34% femoral neck, and 7% subtrochanteric, with no gender differences. Hip fracture patients were more likely to have had a prior fracture and to suffer from neurological, gastrointestinal, or renal comorbidities, as compared to controls. Less than 10% of hip fracture patients received any therapy for osteoporosis, either on admission or discharge. In a subset of patients with follow-up, the mortality rate was 47% in subjects with hip fracture, and most deaths occurred within the first year postoperatively. Gender but not fracture type affected mortality. Lebanese patients with hip fractures are younger, more likely to sustain intertrochanteric fractures, and experience higher mortality than Western counterparts. Few subjects received osteoporosis therapy. This study carries important public health implications on the management of hip fracture in subjects from Lebanon and, possibly, the Middle East.
authors.affiliation: Calcium Metabolism and Osteoporosis Program, Department of Internal Medicine, American University of Beirut Medical Center, Beirut, Lebanon.
authors.forename: Haitham
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hreybe
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salamoun
authors.forename: Mohamad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Badra
authors.forename: Nadim
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Afeiche
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Baddoura
authors.forename: Suhayl
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boulos
authors.forename: Rachid
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Haidar
authors.forename: Suhayl
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lakkis
authors.forename: Ramzi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Musharrafieh
authors.forename: Afif
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nsouli
authors.forename: Assa'd
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taha
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tayim
authors.forename: Ghada El-Hajj
authors.initials: Gel-H
authors.lastname: Fuleihan
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D004194:Disease; D004358:Drug Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005265:Femoral Neck Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005596:Fractures, Closed / Q000453:epidemiology; D005597:Fractures, Open / Q000453:epidemiology; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D007861:Lebanon / Q000453:epidemiology; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000453:epidemiology; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology