title: Treatment parameters for beta and gamma devices in peripheral endovascular brachytherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine dosimetric parameters, such as radial and longitudinal dose profiles, for beta and gamma devices in peripheral endovascular brachytherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  An (192)Ir high-dose rate stepping source, a (90)Sr source train, and a (32)P-coated radiation balloon were investigated. The treatment-planning software PLATO, Monte Carlo code EGSnrc, and GafChromic film dosimetry were used to analyze the dose distribution of these devices.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For a 5-mm-diameter vessel, the ratio between the dose at 2 mm depth and the dose at the lumen surface was 1.8, 3.4, and 16.2 for the (192)Ir, (90)Sr, and (32)P devices, respectively. The dose variation at the reference depth of 2 mm into the vessel wall was 7-18 Gy, for different analyzed dose prescriptions. The reference lumen dose was different by a factor >8. For all three devices, the reference isodose length was not <5 mm on the proximal and distal edge of the active source length.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A complete set of dose parameters for beta and gamma sources has to be considered for appropriate treatment planning and performance, including reporting of reference depth dose, reference lumen dose, and reference isodose length.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiotherapy and Radiobiology, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. Christian.Kirisits@meduniwien.ac.at
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kirisits
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pokrajac
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: Erich
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Minar
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pötter
authors.forename: Dietmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Georg
mesh_terms: D001158:Arteries; D001918:Brachytherapy / Q000379:methods*; D005373:Film Dosimetry; D007496:Iridium Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D010761:Phosphorus Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D013326:Strontium Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D007496:Iridium Radioisotopes; D010761:Phosphorus Radioisotopes; D013326:Strontium Radioisotopes