title: Usefulness of non-invasive tests for diagnosing Helicobacter pylori infection in patients undergoing dialysis for chronic renal failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Helicobacter pylori infection in chronic renal failure patients has been linked to peptic ulcer and gastric neoplasia after kidney transplantation. It may also contribute to the accelerated arteriosclerosis that is usual in this population. Few data are available on the usefulness of noninvasive diagnostic tests for H. pylori infection in dialyzed patients, especially regarding the new fecal antigen detection tests. The objective of this study was to determine the efficacy of a noninvasive test for H. pylori infection in patients with chronic renal failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-six patients were included in a cross-sectional study. Urea breath test, serology and three fecal tests--FemtoLab H. pylori (Connex, Germany), Premier Platinum HpSA (Meridian, USA) and Simple H. pylori (Operon SA, Spain) were performed. Helicobacter pylori status was determined by concordance of the tests. Sensitivity, specificity and positive and negative predictive values were calculated for each test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sensitivity, specificity, positive and negative predictive values were 94%, 96%, 94% and 96% for the urea breath test; 97%, 64%, 66% and 97% for serology; 86%, 100%, 100% and 91%, for FemtoLab H. pylori; 58%, 96%, 91% and 76% for Premier Platinum HpSA and 61%, 78%, 74% and 67% for Simple H. pylori.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The urea breath test seems to be the most reliable diagnostic method for H. pylori infection in patients with chronic renal failure. Serology has a low specificity, and the results of the fecal tests vary widely.
authors.affiliation: Unitat de Nefrologia, Hospital de Sabadell, Institut Universitari Parc Taulí UAB, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Thaïs
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: López
authors.forename: Mariela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Quesada
authors.forename: Jaume
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Almirall
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sanfeliu
authors.forename: Ferran
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Segura
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Calvet
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D001944:Breath Tests; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014510:Urease / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D014510:Urease