title: Stress among allogeneic bone marrow transplantation patients.
abstract: BMT (bone marrow transplantation) is acknowledged as one of the most stressful treatments in modern cancer care. When investigating the impact of BMT on patients it is crucial that the analytic method employed captures direct patient perceptions, allowing the patient to define the domains under investigation. In this study, a multivariate analytic method, concept mapping (CM), was used to identify perceived stressors among 109 allogeneic BMT recipients. CM employs multidimensional scaling and hierarchical cluster analyses to empirically identify the structure underlying the investigated conceptual domain. The analyses of the BMT stress data resulted in an eight-cluster solution. The stress clusters, ranked from the most severe to the least severe, were identified as: Change of life and impact of long-lasting treatment; Side-effects; Distress related to treatment outcome and physiological status; Family-related stress; Fear of death and depressive thoughts; Other concerns; Negative social support; and Stress related to lack of information and the medical staff. A number of stressors generated by the patients were quite novel, and identified important information likely to be useful in clinical settings as well as subsequent research with this high-risk population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. heikki.heinonen@ktl.fi
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Heinonen
authors.forename: Liisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Volin
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Zevon
authors.forename: Antti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Uutela
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barrick
authors.forename: Tapani
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ruutu
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001293:Attitude to Death; D001294:Attitude to Health; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D005239:Fear; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D007389:Internal-External Control; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008960:Models, Psychological; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011788:Quality of Life; D012307:Risk Factors; D012944:Social Support; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous