title: Cooled transurethral microwave thermotherapy for intractable chronic prostatitis--results of a pilot study after 1 year.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the side effects, tolerability, and efficacy of transurethral microwave thermotherapy with urethral cooling (cooled TUMT) for chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome in a prospective feasibility trial. Cooled TUMT, using the Targis system from Urologix, is an established treatment option for benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) with minimal side effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with intractable chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome and symptoms for more than 3 of the 6 months before treatment (National Institutes of Health-Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index [NIH-CPSI] pain score of at least 8) were randomized to cooled TUMT at an intraprostatic temperature of either approximately 55 degrees C or approximately 70 degrees C. Tolerability, side effects, and efficacy were measured with standard diagnostic tests, including the NIH-CPSI. Subgroup analysis was performed to evaluate the effects with and without BPH comorbidity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 42 patients were included in the study; 39 patients successfully completed treatment and 35 completed follow-up through 12 months. The baseline versus 12-month mean NIH-CPSI score was total score 23.4 +/- 6.4 versus 11.5 +/- 10.2 (improvement in mean value of 51%), pain score 11.5 +/- 2.8 versus 4.6 +/- 4.9 (improvement in mean value of 60%), quality-of-life impact score 7.2 +/- 2.9 versus 3.8 +/- 3.8 (improvement in mean value of 47%; all P <0.0001), and urinary score 4.7 +/- 2.8 versus 3.1 +/- 3.0 (improvement in mean value of 34%; P = 0.0079). Treatment discomfort was within the ranges reported for patients with Targis-treated BPH. Two patients had reduced sperm motility. Side effects were minimal and transient, resolved spontaneously or with medication, and were similar regardless of treatment temperature or BPH comorbidity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cooled TUMT appears to be promising for intractable chronic prostatitis with or without BPH. Longer follow-up and a larger trial are required to evaluate the fertility impact and longer term durability further.
authors.affiliation: East Surrey Hospital, Redhill, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Christof
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kastner
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hochreiter
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Huidobro
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cabezas
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008872:Microwaves / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011472:Prostatitis / Q000628:therapy*