title: Extremely low frequency magnetic fields originating from equipment used for assisted reproduction, umbilical cord and peripheral blood stem cell transplantation, transfusion, and hemodialysis.
abstract: The extremely low-frequency (ELF) magnetic fields (MFs) originating from equipment used for assisted reproduction, umbilical cord-blood and peripheral-blood stem cell transplantation, transfusion, and hemodialysis were measured. The ELF-MF values were 0.1-1.2 microT on clean benches, <0.1-8.0 microT on inverted microscopes, <0.1-13.6 mmicroT in CO2 incubators, 4.3-11.5 microT in centrifuges, 0.4-18.8 microT in programmed freezers, <0.1-0.3 microT in deep freezers, 0.3-3.1 microT on cell separators, and 0.2-0.9 microT in hemodialysers. Frequencies of MFs were nominally 60 Hz, but some devices showed non-sinusoidal 120 Hz. Such MFs can be reduced by shielding the sources or altering the protocols employed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Fukuoka Dental College, 2-15-1 Tamura, Sawara-ku, Fukuoka, Japan. moriyama@college.fdcnet.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kosei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moriyama
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Kuniaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshitomi
mesh_terms: D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000295:instrumentation; D036101:Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000295:instrumentation; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D004869:Equipment Safety / Q000379:methods*; D004864:Equipment and Supplies; D007564:Japan; D036102:Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000295:instrumentation; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000379:methods*; D011874:Radiometry / Q000379:methods*; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000379:methods; D027724:Reproductive Techniques, Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors