title: The M2 muscarinic receptor mediates contraction through indirect mechanisms in mouse urinary bladder.
abstract: We investigated the contractile role of M2 muscarinic receptors in mouse urinary bladder. When measured in the absence of other agents, contractions elicited to the muscarinic agonist oxotremorine-M exhibited properties consistent with that expected for an M3 response in urinary bladder from wild-type and M2 knockout (KO) mice. Evidence for a minor M2 receptor-mediated contraction was revealed by a comparison of responses in M3 knockout and M2/M3 double knockout mice. Treatment of wild-type and M2 knockout urinary bladder with N-2-chloroethyl-4-piperidinyl diphenylacetate (4-DAMP mustard) caused a large inhibition of the muscarinic contractile response. The residual contractions were much smaller in M2 knockout bladder compared with wild type, suggesting that M2 receptors rescue the muscarinic contractile response in wild-type bladder following inactivation of M3 receptors with 4-DAMP mustard. When measured in the presence of prostaglandin F2alpha and isoproterenol or forskolin, oxotremorine-M mediated a potent contractile response in urinary bladder from M3 KO mice. This response exhibited an M2 profile in competitive antagonism studies and was completely absent in M2/M3 KO mice. Following 4-DAMP mustard treatment, oxotremorine-M elicited a contractile response in wild-type urinary bladder in the presence of KCl and isoproterenol or forskolin, and this response was diminished in M2 KO mice. Our results show that the M2 receptor mediates contractions indirectly in the urinary bladder by enhancing M3 receptor-mediated contractions and inhibiting relaxation. We also show that it is difficult to detect M2 receptor function in competitive antagonism studies under conditions where a simultaneous activation of M2 and M3 receptors occurs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-4625, USA. fjehlert@uci.edu
authors.forename: Frederick J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Ehlert
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Griffin
authors.forename: Diane M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Tran H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Vo
authors.forename: Makoto M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Taketo
authors.forename: Toshiya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Manabe
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsui
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001667:Binding, Competitive / Q000187:drug effects; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000494:pharmacology; D004158:Diphenylacetic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects*; D010095:Oxotremorine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D043585:Receptor, Muscarinic M2 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D043587:Receptor, Muscarinic M3 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D004158:Diphenylacetic Acids; D018721:Muscarinic Agonists; D010880:Piperidines; D043585:Receptor, Muscarinic M2; D043587:Receptor, Muscarinic M3; C074183:N-(2-chloroethyl)-4-piperidinyl diphenylacetate; D005576:Colforsin; D010095:Oxotremorine; D015237:Dinoprost; D007545:Isoproterenol