title: Usefulness of p16 and K-ras mutation in pancreatic adenocarcinoma and chronic pancreatitis differential diagnosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The differentiation of chronic pancreatitis (CP) from pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PA) remains a great challenge. The purpose of the study was to compare the prevalence of p16 and K-ras mutation in PA and CP in order to evaluate their usefulness in differential diagnosis of those diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 44 patients who underwent Whipple resection or distal pancreatectomy for PA (23 subjects) or CP (21 subjects). DNA from pancreatic tissue was analysed for K-ras mutation (codon 12) and p16 mutations with PCR amplifications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The K-ras gene mutation has been shown in 17 (73,9%) cases with pancreatic adenocarcinoma which was significantly more often than in chronic pancreatitis - 9 (42,8%) (p<0,01). Prevalence of p16 mutations in patients with PA was 18 (78,3%) and with CP - 7 (33,3%) (p<0,01). K-ras and p16 mutations together have been observed in 16 (69,6%) cases in patients with PC and only in 3 (14,3%) - with CP (p<0,01). No statistically significant association between K-ras or p16 mutations and tumor size, sex or patient age has been observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is suggested that simultaneous measurement of K-ras and p16 mutations may provide an additional tool in differential diagnosis of chronic pancreatitis and pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Digestive Tract Diseases, Medical University, Lodz, Poland. r-wojnarowska@wp.pl
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Talar-Wojnarowska
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gasiorowska
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Smolarz
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Romanowicz-Makowska
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Strzelczyk
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Janiak
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kulig
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Malecka-Panas
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000235:genetics*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D019942:Genes, p16 / Q000502:physiology*; D011905:Genes, ras / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D050500:Pancreatitis, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D018631:ras Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; C117307:KRAS protein, human; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D016283:Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras); D018631:ras Proteins