title: Validation of the embryonic stem cell test in the international ECVAM validation study on three in vitro embryotoxicity tests.
abstract: A detailed report is presented on the performance of the embryonic stem cell test (EST) in a European Centre for the Validation of Alternative Methods (ECVAM)-sponsored formal validation study on three in vitro tests for embryotoxicity. Twenty coded test chemicals, classified as non-embryotoxic, weakly embryotoxic or strongly embryotoxic on the basis of their in vivo effects in animals and/or humans, were tested in four laboratories. The outcome showed that the EST can be considered to be a scientifically validated test, which is ready for consideration for use in assessing the embryotoxic potentials of chemicals for regulatory purposes.
authors.affiliation: Federal Institute for Risk Assessment (BfR), Diedersdorfer Weg 1, 12277 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Elke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Genschow
authors.forename: Horst
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Spielmann
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Scholz
authors.forename: Ingeborg
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pohl
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Seiler
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Clemann
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bremer
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Becker
mesh_terms: D000826:Animal Testing Alternatives; D000818:Animals; D016002:Discriminant Analysis; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000187:drug effects*; D005060:Europe; D005472:Fluorouracil; D006801:Humans; D007391:International Cooperation; D007753:Laboratories; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000145:classification; D011786:Quality Control; D051381:Rats; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018675:Toxicity Tests / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D005472:Fluorouracil