title: Simultaneous presence of paralytic and diarrheic shellfish poisoning toxins in Mytilus chilensis samples collected in the Chiloe Island, Austral Chilean fjords.
abstract: The study shown here provides the first indisputable evidence that shellfish can be contaminated with Paralytic Shellfish Poisoning (PSP) and Diarrheic Shellfish Poisoning (DSP) toxins during the summer season in the Southern Chilean fjords. Quantitative analysis of the simultaneous presence of PSP and DSP toxins in Mytilus chilensis samples collected in the Chiloe Island are shown. The High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC) analysis with pre-column derivatization method for DSP toxins and the post-column derivatization methods for PSP toxins, both with fluorescent on-line detections, showed that both type of toxins were concentrated by the filter bivalve Mytilus chilensis in amounts above the international safe limits. The phytoplankton analysis showed the presence of both Alexandrium catenella and Dinophysis acuta in the water column. The data shows stratification of the toxic dinoflagellates in the water column, since the lowest amount of both DSP and PSP toxins were measured in the superficial and deeper levels of the water column. Moreover, the highest toxicities of both types of toxins were shown by the shellfish samples collected at a depth of 6 meters with 190 nanograms of DTX-1 / gram of digestive gland and 709.8 microg of PSP toxins / 100 grams of mussel meat.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio Bioquímica de Membrana, Programa Fisiología y Biofísica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Garcá
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mardones
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sfeir
authors.forename: Néstor
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lagos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000737:chemistry*; D002677:Chile; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D008978:Mollusk Venoms / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012621:Seasons; D012758:Shellfish / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D008978:Mollusk Venoms