A new work placement model for unemployed methadone maintenance patients.
Traditionally, methadone-maintained patients have made only limited progress in vocational rehabilitation programs, largely because they encounter multiple individual-level barriers to their employment. The Customized Employment Supports (CES) model is designed to help patients overcome these employment barriers and attain paid work as soon as possible. To facilitate this transition, the model assigns CES counselors small caseloads so that, using intensive interventions, they can engage patients in a working alliance and enhance patients' self-efficacy. Methods used to help patients increase their self-efficacy are derived from social psychological literature and include role modeling, persuasion, and minimizing emotional arousal. Because the transition to competitive work is a major change, many patients initially take smaller steps such as entering training programs and accepting informal employment. The CES model is being evaluated in a randomized clinical trial.
Blankertz
Laura
L
Institute for Treatment and Services Research at National Development and Research Institutes, New York, New York 10010, USA.
Magura
Stephen
S
Staines
Graham L
GL
Madison
Elizabeth M
EM
Spinelli
Michael
M
Horowitz
Emily
E
Bali
Priti
P
Guarino
Honoria
H
Grandy
Audrey
A
Young
Rebecca
R
D004651:Employment; D006801:Humans; D008691:Methadone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009294:Narcotics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D020377:Self Efficacy; D014830:Vocational Guidance
D009294:Narcotics; D008691:Methadone