title: Mechanistic studies on bovine cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase II, an enzyme belonging to the HAD superfamily.
abstract: Cytosolic 5'-nucleotidase/phosphotransferase specific for 6-hydroxypurine monophosphate derivatives (cN-II), belongs to a class of phosphohydrolases that act through the formation of an enzyme-phosphate intermediate. Sequence alignment with members of the P-type ATPases/L-2-haloacid dehalogenase superfamily identified three highly conserved motifs in cN-II and other cytosolic nucleotidases. Mutagenesis studies at specific amino acids occurring in cN-II conserved motifs were performed. The modification of the measured kinetic parameters, caused by conservative and nonconservative substitutions, suggested that motif I is involved in the formation and stabilization of the covalent enzyme-phosphate intermediate. Similarly, T249 in motif II as well as K292 in motif III also contribute to stabilize the phospho-enzyme adduct. Finally, D351 and D356 in motif III coordinate magnesium ion, which is required for catalysis. These findings were consistent with data already determined for P-type ATPases, haloacid dehalogenases and phosphotransferases, thus suggesting that cN-II and other mammalian 5'-nucleotidases are characterized by a 3D arrangement related to the 2-haloacid dehalogenase superfold. Structural determinants involved in differential regulation by nonprotein ligands and redox reagents of the two naturally occurring cN-II forms generated by proteolysis were ascertained by combined biochemical and mass spectrometric investigations. These experiments indicated that the C-terminal region of cN-II contains a cysteine prone to form a disulfide bond, thereby inactivating the enzyme. Proteolysis events that generate the observed cN-II forms, eliminating this C-terminal portion, may prevent loss of enzymic activity and can be regarded as regulatory phenomena.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze del Farmaco, Università di Sassari, Italy. enomis@uniss.it
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Allegrini
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scaloni
authors.forename: Maria Giovanna
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Careddu
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cuccu
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: D'Ambrosio
authors.forename: Rossana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pesi
authors.forename: Marcella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Camici
authors.forename: Lino
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferrara
authors.forename: Maria Grazia
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Tozzi
mesh_terms: D015720:5'-Nucleotidase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002417:Cattle; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology*; D017931:DNA Primers; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D011487:Protein Conformation; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D015720:5'-Nucleotidase