title: The prospective association between adiponectin and coronary artery disease among individuals with type 1 diabetes. The Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent findings suggest the potential involvement of adiponectin in obesity, diabetes and cardiovascular disease. We assessed the prospective association between adiponectin concentration and coronary artery disease in individuals with type 1 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were identified from the Pittsburgh Epidemiology of Diabetes Complications cohort, a prospective follow-up study of childhood-onset type 1 diabetes. At baseline, subjects had a mean age of 28 years, and a mean diabetes duration of 19 years. Cases (determined by physician-diagnosed angina, confirmed myocardial infraction, stenosis >or=50%, ischemic ECG or revascularization) were matched to the control subjects with respect to sex, age and diabetes duration. Samples and risk factors for analyses were identified from the earliest exam prior to incidence in cases. Sera and information on all covariates were available for 28 cases and 34 control subjects. Proportional hazards models were constructed including matching variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with those in men, adiponectin concentrations were elevated in females (p=0.009) and among individuals with macroalbuminuria (p=0.04). In multivariable analyses (adjusting for standard risk factors as well as lipoprotein measurements determined by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, E-selectin or antioxidants), adiponectin inversely predicted the incidence of coronary artery disease (hazard ratio=0.37 per 1 SD increase, 95% CI 0.19-0.73, p=0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that increased adiponectin concentration is prospectively associated with a lower risk of coronary artery disease type 1 diabetes. The potential of adiponectin determination as a useful marker of, and potential therapeutic target for, coronary artery disease prevention in type 1 diabetes should be further explored.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Costacou
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Zgibor
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Otvos
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Lopes-Virella
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Tracy
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Orchard
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012016:Reference Values; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D015415:Biomarkers; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D005947:Glucose