title: Neck posture and head movement in four rescue stretchers.
abstract: Neck posture and head movements were measured in four rescue stretchers: the Neil Robertson stretcher, which has been in service in the Royal Navy for almost 100 years, and three potential replacements. A repeated measures laboratory study was carried out to quantify neck posture and head movements while subjects reclined in the stretchers. Stretchers were compared on the basis of this critical aspect of their performance to complement the findings of ship-based usability trials. When the subjects were secured in each of the stretchers, wearing cervical collars and any restraints integral to that stretcher, the resting posture of the neck and the range of voluntary movement in flexion/extension, lateral flexion, and rotation were measured. In all of the stretchers, the neck was in an extended posture. The collars restricted head movements but they did not immobilize the neck. Stretcher 3, which had all of the functionality of the Neal Robertson stretcher, but with integral backboard and head blocks, limited head movements the most.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Naval Medicine, Crescent Road, Alverstoke, Hants PO12 2DL, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bridger
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bilzon
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chamberlain
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pickering
mesh_terms: D020378:Confined Spaces; D004638:Emergency Treatment / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D019416:Head Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007103:Immobilization / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009326:Naval Medicine / Q000295:instrumentation*; D009333:Neck / Q000502:physiology*; D009989:Orthotic Devices; D011187:Posture; D018635:Rescue Work; D012767:Ships; D006113:United Kingdom