title: Evaluation of changes in forgoing life-sustaining treatment in Israeli ICU patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Over the last several years, there have been legal decisions and changes in medical directives concerning end-of-life decisions in Israel.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data were compared to evaluate the changes in the frequency and types of forgoing of life-sustaining treatment (FLST) in patients who were admitted to the ICU during period I (November 1994 to July 1995) and period II (January 1998 to January 1999).
  
  
  RESULTS
  During period I, there were 385 ICU admissions, and during period II there were 627 ICU admissions. In period I, FLST or death occurred in 13.5% of patients, and in 12% in period II. There was no significant difference in cardiopulmonary resuscitation (9% vs 13%, respectively), withholding therapy (90% vs 91%, respectively), or withdrawing therapy (0% vs 0%, respectively) between the two study periods.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was no significant change in the frequency or types of FLST in an Israeli ICU between 1994 and 1998, despite passage of a new Patients' Rights Law and the issuing of a Ministry of Health directive on the treatment of the terminally ill, both of which occurred in 1996, and recent district court decisions favoring the termination of life-sustaining therapies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Critical Care Medicine, Hadassah Hebrew University Medical Center, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, PO Box 12000, Jerusalem, Israel 91120, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Jakobson
authors.forename: Leonid A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Eidelman
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Worner
authors.forename: Arieh Eden
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Oppenheim
authors.forename: Reuven
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pizov
authors.forename: Charles L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Sprung
mesh_terms: D016887:Cardiopulmonary Resuscitation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005066:Euthanasia, Passive / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007557:Israel; D008020:Life Support Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data / Q000639:trends; D008875:Middle Aged; D028761:Withholding Treatment / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data* / Q000639:trends