The ingestion of saturated fatty acid triacylglycerols acutely affects insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in human subjects.
To assess the effects of acute dietary saturated fat intake on glucose-induced insulin secretion rate (ISR), measured by the C-peptide deconvolution method, and on insulin clearance and sensitivity, five obese and five normal-weight women (controls) were studied after either a 100 g oral butter load or a 100 ml water load. At 120 min after the oral load a hyperglycaemic clamp was performed over 180 min. A dramatic increase of ISR occurred after butter compared with the water challenge in the controls (1305.6 (SE 124.1) v. 616.1 (SE 52.5) pmol/min; P<0.01) and to a lesser degree in the obese subjects (1975.0 (SE 44.1) v. 1417.5 (se 56.0) pmol/min; P<0.05). Insulin sensitivity was impaired after butter (0.60 x 10(-2) (SE 0.11 x 10(-2)) v. 2.26 x 10(-2) (SE 0.32 x 10(-2)) ml/min per kg FFM per (pmol/l); P<0.01) in the controls but not in the obese group. Insulin clearance during the clamp was reduced after butter compared with after the water load only in the controls (0.89 (SE 0.22) v. 1.70 (SE 0.15) litres/min; P<0.01). The data are consistent with the hypothesis that acute excess lipid availability may lead to a compensatory elevation in glucose-induced insulin secretion as a result of the decline in insulin sensitivity and a reduced insulin clearance.
Manco
Melania
M
Institute of Internal Medicine, Catholic University S. Cuore, School of Medicine, Rome, Italy. melania.manco@rm.unicatt.it
Bertuzzi
Alessandro
A
Salinari
Serenella
S
Scarfone
Antonino
A
Calvani
Menotti
M
Greco
Aldo V
AV
Mingrone
Geltrude
G
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002079:Butter; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D004041:Dietary Fats; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007328:Insulin; D014280:Triglycerides; D002079:Butter; D005947:Glucose