title: Identification of the Plasmodium vivax mdr-like gene (pvmdr1) and analysis of single-nucleotide polymorphisms among isolates from different areas of endemicity.
abstract: Because of the lack of methods for continuous in vitro culture of Plasmodium vivax, little is known about drug-resistance mechanisms in this malaria-causing parasite. Therefore, identification of all the genes potentially involved in drug resistance and of molecular markers related to drug resistance would provide a framework for studying the incidence and spread of drug-resistant P. vivax strains. We have identified the P. vivax orthologue of the pfmdr1 gene (pvmdr1), which was shown to have a role in the drug resistance of Plasmodium falciparum. Comparison of the alignments of both nucleotide and amino acid sequences of pvmdr1 with those of other Plasmodium multidrug-resistance genes revealed an open-reading frame of 4392 base pairs encoding a deduced protein of 1464 amino acids. Nucleotide polymorphisms at 2 codons of the pvmdr1 gene--Y976F and F1076L--were found in 14 of 23 P. vivax isolates from different areas of endemicity, including Thailand, Indonesia, Turkey, Azerbaijan, and French Guyana.
authors.affiliation: Equipe d'Accueil 37-32, Parasitologie, Mycologie Médicale et Pathologie Exotique, Faculté de Médecine, Université Claude Bernard, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brega
authors.forename: Benoit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Meslin
authors.forename: Frédérique
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: de Monbrison
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Severini
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gradoni
authors.forename: Rachanee
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Udomsangpetch
authors.forename: Inge
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sutanto
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Peyron
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Picot
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010966:Plasmodium vivax / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1