title: Role of mitochondrial permeability transition pore in coated-platelet formation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Coated-platelets are a subset of cells observed during costimulation of platelets with collagen and thrombin. Important characteristics of coated-platelets include retention of multiple alpha-granule proteins and expression of phosphatidylserine on the cell surface. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) is a key step in apoptosis and is suggested to be involved in some forms of platelet activation. The objective of this study was to examine the role of MPTP in the synthesis of coated-platelets.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Flow cytometric analysis of coated-platelet production was used to examine the impact of pharmacological effectors of MPTP formation. Cyclosporin A, coenzyme Q, and bongkrekic acid all inhibit MPTP formation as well as production of coated-platelets. Phenylarsine oxide and diamide, both potentiators of MPTP formation, stimulate coated-platelet synthesis. Atractyloside, another inducer of MPTP formation, does not affect the percentage of coated-platelets synthesized; however, it does increase the level of phosphatidylserine exposed on the surface of coated-platelets.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings indicate that MPTP formation is an integral event in the synthesis of coated-platelets. Although the exact function of the MPTP remains to be determined, these data support a growing body of evidence that apoptosis-associated events are vital components of the platelet activation process. Formation of coated-platelets involves a complex set of activation events initiated by dual agonist activation. The mitochondrial permeability transition pore (MPTP) is a key intermediate in apoptosis and has been suggested to impact platelet activation. This report demonstrates that MPTP formation is essential to production of coated-platelets.
authors.affiliation: W.K. Warren Medical Research Institute, Department of Medicine, University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City 73104, USA.
authors.forename: Gyula
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Remenyi
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Szasz
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Friese
authors.forename: George L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Dale
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017209:Apoptosis; D001152:Arsenicals / Q000494:pharmacology; D001278:Atractyloside / Q000494:pharmacology; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000097:blood; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D001865:Bongkrekic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D002232:Carbocyanines; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology; D003435:Crotalid Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003594:Cytoplasmic Granules / Q000737:chemistry; D003958:Diamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000097:blood; D033681:Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins; D000083162:Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore; D010718:Phosphatidylserines / Q000097:blood; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013917:Thrombin / Q000494:pharmacology; D013925:Thromboplastin / Q000032:analysis; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001152:Arsenicals; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D002232:Carbocyanines; D003435:Crotalid Venoms; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007473:Ion Channels; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D008563:Membrane Lipids; D033681:Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins; D000083162:Mitochondrial Permeability Transition Pore; D010718:Phosphatidylserines; C029341:oxophenylarsine; D003958:Diamide; D001865:Bongkrekic Acid; D014451:Ubiquinone; D001278:Atractyloside; C068624:5,5',6,6'-tetrachloro-1,1',3,3'-tetraethylbenzimidazolocarbocyanine; C028890:convulxin; D016572:Cyclosporine; D003094:Collagen; D013925:Thromboplastin; D013917:Thrombin