title: Susceptibilties of two Enterococcus faecalis phenotypes to root canal medications.
abstract: This study aimed to investigate and compare the efficacy of selected root canal irrigants and a medicament on a clinical isolate of Enterococcus faecalis grown as biofilm or planktonic suspension phenotype. A cell-dense pellet "presentation" prepared from planktonic phenotype was also tested. Each bacterial presentation was exposed to calcium hydroxide (pH 12.3), 0.2% chlorhexidine gluconate, 17% ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetic acid, 10% povidone iodine, or 3.0% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) for a range of time periods (1, 2, 4, 8, 15, 30, and 60 min). Phosphate buffered saline was used as a control agent. The difference in gradients of bacterial killing among the biofilm, planktonic suspension or pellet presentation was significant (p < 0.05) and dependent upon the test agent except in the case of NaOCl and calcium hydroxide where no difference could be detected. NaOCl was the most effective agent and achieved 100% kills for all presentations of E. faecalis after a 2 min contact time.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Endodontology, Eastman Dental Institute for Oral Health Care Sciences, University College London, London, UK.
authors.forename: Mariam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.forename: Yuan-Ling
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Kishor
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gulabivala
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Moles
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Spratt
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D016014:Linear Models; D010641:Phenotype; D011206:Povidone-Iodine / Q000494:pharmacology; D019233:Retreatment; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D011206:Povidone-Iodine; D004492:Edetic Acid; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; C010882:chlorhexidine gluconate; D002126:Calcium Hydroxide; D002710:Chlorhexidine