Preventative and therapeutic vaccines for fungal infections: from concept to implementation.
Many challenges confront the development of fungal vaccines for humans including differences in host susceptibility, varied pathogenic mechanisms employed by the different species of fungi and mechanisms of host resistance. Hence, no single antigen can be expected to serve as a pan fungal vaccine. Instead, it is likely that progress for fungal vaccines will have to be made at the level of each individual organism. In recent years, tremendous strides have been made in understanding the immunopathogenesis of medically important fungal infections and identifying putative vaccine candidates. Such discoveries will facilitate the introduction of fungal vaccines into the therapeutic armamentarium of clinicians. The fungi under discussion in this review include Candida spp., Aspergillus spp., Cryptococcus neoformans, Coccidioides spp., Histoplasma capsulatum, Blastomyces dermatitidis, Paracoccidioides brasiliensis and Pneumocystis jirovecii.
Deepe
George S
GS
University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0560, USA. george.deepe@uc.edu
D000818:Animals; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000276:immunology*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000276:immunology*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000276:immunology*; D015195:Drug Design; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D005657:Fungal Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D009181:Mycoses / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control; D014611:Vaccination
D005657:Fungal Vaccines