title: Augmentation of T(H)-1 type response by immunoactive AT oligonucleotide from lactic acid bacteria via Toll-like receptor 9 signaling.
abstract: Toll-like receptor 9, which is expressed on the surface of antigen presenting cells and which was recently identified in the cytoplasmic follicle, recognizes bacterial CpG oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs), resulting in the induction of a potent immune response. However, in our previous study, we found that TLR9 potentially recognizes not only CpG ODN but also non-CpG ODN such as AT ODN. Therefore, in the present study, to investigate this possibility, we elucidated the effects of AT ODN on T(H)-1, T(H)-2 type cytokine induction via TLR9 by real-time quantitative PCR analysis and ELISA of the swine TLR9 transfectant. The results demonstrated that the T(H)-1 type cytokines such as interleukin (IL)-12p70 and interferon (IFN)-gamma were strongly induced by AT ODN compared to the unexposed controls, while T(H)-2 type cytokines were not induced. These results indicate that the AT ODN can augment the T(H)-1 immune response, which plays an important role in prevention of allergic responses. Moreover, the swine TLR9 transfectant demonstrated its usefulness for evaluation of immunostimulation by bacterial DNA through the detection of T(H)-1, T(H)-2 type cytokine induction via TLR9 signaling.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Agricultural Science, Tohoku University, Tsutsumidori Amamiyamachi 1-1, Aoba-ku, Sendai-shi 981-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimosato
authors.forename: Haruki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitazawa
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Katoh
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tohno
authors.forename: Iliyan Dimitrov
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Iliev
authors.forename: Chiho
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nagasawa
authors.forename: Toshiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawai
authors.forename: Tadao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
mesh_terms: D020856:AT Rich Sequence / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D018899:CpG Islands / Q000276:immunology; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000196:embryology / Q000276:immunology*; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000235:genetics*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000276:immunology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013552:Swine; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C495371:TLR9 protein, human; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors