title: Hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction: role of ion channels.
abstract: Acute hypoxia induces pulmonary vasoconstriction and chronic hypoxia causes structural changes of the pulmonary vasculature including arterial medial hypertrophy. Electro- and pharmacomechanical mechanisms are involved in regulating pulmonary vasomotor tone, whereas intracellular Ca(2+) serves as an important signal in regulating contraction and proliferation of pulmonary artery smooth muscle cells. Herein, we provide a basic overview of the cellular mechanisms involved in the development of hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. Our discussion focuses on the roles of ion channels permeable to K(+) and Ca(2+), membrane potential, and cytoplasmic Ca(2+) in the development of acute hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction and chronic hypoxia-mediated pulmonary vascular remodeling.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of California-San Diego, 9500 Gilman Dr., MC 0725, La Jolla, CA 92093-0725, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph R H
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Mauban
authors.forename: Carmelle V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Remillard
authors.forename: Jason X-J
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Yuan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D006487:Hemostasis; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015640:Ion Channel Gating; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000378:metabolism*; D008168:Lung / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology; D008954:Models, Biological; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014661:Vasoconstriction
chemical_list: D007473:Ion Channels; D010100:Oxygen; D002118:Calcium