title: Phasic cardiovascular responses to mevinphos are mediated through differential activation of cGMP/PKG cascade and peroxynitrite via nitric oxide generated in the rat rostral ventrolateral medulla by NOS I and II isoforms.
abstract: The organophosphate insecticide mevinphos (Mev) acts on the rostral ventrolateral medulla (RVLM), where sympathetic vasomotor tone originates, to elicit phasic cardiovascular responses via nitric oxide (NO) generated by NO synthase (NOS) I and II. We evaluated the contribution of soluble guanylyl cyclase (sGC)/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)/protein kinase G (PKG) cascade and peroxynitrite in this process. PKG expression in ventrolateral medulla of Sprague-Dawley rats manifested an increase during the sympathoexcitatory phase (Phase I) of cardiovascular responses induced by microinjection of Mev bilaterally into the RVLM that was antagonized by co-administration of 7-nitroindazole or Nomega-propyl-L-arginine, two selective NOS I inhibitors or 1-H-[1,2,4]oxadiaolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), a selective sGC antagonist. Co-microinjection of ODQ or two PKG inhibitors, KT5823 or Rp-8-Br-cGMPS, also blunted the Mev-elicited sympathoexcitatory effects. However, the increase in nitrotyrosine, a marker for peroxynitrite, and the sympathoinhibitory circulatory actions during Phase II Mev intoxication were antagonized by co-administration of S-methylisothiourea, a selective NOS II inhibitor, Mn(III)-tetrakis-(4-benzoic acid) porphyrin, a superoxide dismutase mimetic, 5,10,15,20-tetrakis-N-methyl-4'-pyridyl)-porphyrinato iron (III), a peroxynitrite decomposition catalyst, or L-cysteine, a peroxynitrite scavenger. We conclude that sGC/cGMP/PKG cascade and peroxynitrite formation may participate in Mev-induced phasic cardiovascular responses as signals downstream to NO generated respectively by NOS I and II in the RVLM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Education and Research, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 813, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: J Y H
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: S H H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: F C H
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: A Y W
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000379:methods; D002320:Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D017869:Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000187:drug effects*; D008799:Mevinphos / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008845:Microinjections / Q000379:methods; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D013057:Spectrum Analysis / Q000379:methods; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D013481:Superoxides; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine; D008799:Mevinphos; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496322:Nos1 protein, rat; D017869:Cyclic GMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D006152:Cyclic GMP