title: Regulation of the osmoregulatory HOG MAPK cascade in yeast.
abstract: The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae has at least five signal pathways containing a MAP kinase (MAPK) cascade. The high osmolarity glycerol (HOG) MAPK pathway is essential for yeast survival in high osmolarity environment. This mini-review surveys recent developments in regulation of the HOG pathway with specific emphasis on the roles of protein phosphatases and protein subcellular localization. The Hog1 MAPK in the HOG pathway is negatively regulated jointly by the protein tyrosine phosphatases Ptp2/Ptp3 and the type 2 protein phosphatases Ptc1/Ptc2/Ptc3. Specificities of these phosphatases are determined by docking interactions as well as their cellular localizations. The subcellular localizations of the osmosensors (Sln1 and Sho1), kinases (Pbs2, Hog1), and phosphatases in the HOG pathway are intricately regulated to achieve their specific functions.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Cell Signaling, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, 4-6-1 Shirokanedai, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8639, Japan. h-saito@ims.u-tokyo.ac.jp
authors.forename: Haruo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tatebayashi
mesh_terms: D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D005990:Glycerol / Q000378:metabolism; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008954:Models, Biological; D011485:Protein Binding; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000502:physiology; D012319:RNA Polymerase II / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014882:Water-Electrolyte Balance
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; C075580:FUS3 protein, S cerevisiae; C088589:HOG1 protein, S cerevisiae; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D012319:RNA Polymerase II; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D005990:Glycerol