Estrogen therapy increases plasma concentrations of nitric oxide metabolites in postmenopausal women but increases flow-mediated vasodilation only in younger women.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of estrogen therapy (ET) on endothelial nitric oxide (NO) production and in flow-mediated vasodilation (FMV).


METHODS
Randomized, crossover, double-blind, placebo-controlled study.


METHODS
Healthy postmenopausal women in an academic research environment.


METHODS
Forty postmenopausal women between 45 and 72 years of age.


METHODS
Women received ET or placebo during two periods of 12 weeks that were separated by 2 weeks of washout.


METHODS
Flow-mediated vasodilation, nitrite and nitrate, lipid profile, creatinine, and glucose were measured at weeks 12 and 24. Student's t or Wilcoxon tests were used for comparative analyses, and kappa test and limit analysis determined variability.


RESULTS
After placebo treatment, nitrate and nitrite mean concentration was 8.28 +/- 1.17 mmol/L; it increased to 62.6 +/- 12.82 mmol/L after ET. Percentage FMV was 18.8 +/- 2.58 after the placebo period and did not change after ET (20.1 +/- 1.92) in the whole sample, but in the subgroup (n = 15) of younger women (45-50 years of age), percentage FMV increased from 13.6 +/- 3.6 after the placebo period to 22.2 +/- 3.5 after ET.


CONCLUSIONS
An increase in plasma concentrations of nitrite and nitrate after ET was observed in all the women studied, but the improvement in FMV was observed only in the younger ones. These age-related differences in FMV in response to ET must be further investigated.
López-Jaramillo
Patricio
P
Vilano Group, Clinica Carlos Ardila Lulle, Universidad Autonoma de Bucaramanga and Fundación Cardiovascular, Bucaramanga, Colombia. jplopezj@fcv.org
Díaz
Luis Alfonso
LA
Pardo
Alberto
A
Parra
Gustavo
G
Jaimes
Hermes
H
Chaudhuri
Gautam
G
D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000502:physiology; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004966:Estrogens, Conjugated (USP) / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000097:blood*; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
D004966:Estrogens, Conjugated (USP); D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites