title: Encrustation of biomaterials in the urinary tract.
abstract: This review considers the problem of the encrustation of biomaterials used for urinary prostheses. After a general discussion of the problem it deals with exciting new developments which may prove to be clinically applicable in preventing this costly and resource consuming complication. The widespread use of use of in vitro models which accurately simulate the conditions found in the human urinary tract will allow appropriate preliminary studies. Perhaps then clinical evaluation will be warranted.
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Urology and Nephrology, University College London, London, UK. gregshaw@doctors.org.uk
authors.forename: Greg L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Simon K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Choong
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fry
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D002408:Catheters, Indwelling / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014513:Ureter; D014546:Urinary Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials