Pegylated interferon alfa-2b vs standard interferon alfa-2b, plus ribavirin, for chronic hepatitis C in HIV-infected patients: a randomized controlled trial.
BACKGROUND
Treatment of chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients is a growing concern. Most data on the virologic efficacy and safety of the combination of peginterferon alfa-2b and ribavirin in coinfected patients come from uncontrolled studies.


OBJECTIVE
To study the safety and efficacy of peginterferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin vs standard interferon alfa-2b plus ribavirin in HIV-HCV coinfected patients.


METHODS
A multicenter, randomized, parallel-group, open-label trial. Patients were enrolled from February 2000 to February 2002 and followed up for 72 weeks.


METHODS
Four hundred twelve HIV-HCV coinfected patients with detectable serum HCV-RNA, abnormal liver histology, a CD4 cell count of at least 200 x 10(6)/L, and stable plasma HIV-RNA.


METHODS
Treatment with ribavirin 400 mg twice a day, orally, plus either peginterferon alfa-2b (1.5 microg/kg subcutaneous injection once a week) or standard interferon alfa-2b (3 million units of subcutaneous injection 3 times a week) for 48 weeks.


METHODS
Sustained virologic response, defined by undetectable serum HCV-RNA at week 72.


RESULTS
More patients had sustained virologic responses in the peginterferon group than in the standard interferon group (27% vs 20%, P = .047). This difference between the treatments was found in patients with HCV genotype 1 or 4 infection (17% for peginterferon vs 6% for standard interferon, P = .006) but was not found in patients with HCV genotype 2, 3, or 5 (44% for peginterferon vs 43% for standard interferon, P = .88). Together, a decline in HCV-RNA of less than 2 log10 from baseline and detectable serum HCV-RNA at week 12 predicted 99% of treatment failures. Histologic activity diminished and fibrosis stabilized in virologic responders. The 2 regimens showed similar tolerability although dose modifications for clinical and biological events were more frequent with peginterferon. Eleven cases of pancreatitis or symptomatic hyperlactatemia were observed, all in patients receiving didanosine-containing antiretroviral regimens.


CONCLUSIONS
In combination with ribavirin, treatment with peginterferon alfa-2b is more effective than standard interferon alfa-2b for HCV infection in HIV-infected patients.
Carrat
Fabrice
F
Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Est, Université Paris 6, INSERM U444, Paris, France.
Bani-Sadr
Firouzé
F
Pol
Stanislas
S
Rosenthal
Eric
E
Lunel-Fabiani
Françoise
F
Benzekri
Asmae
A
Morand
Patrice
P
Goujard
Cécile
C
Pialoux
Gilles
G
Piroth
Lionel
L
Salmon-Céron
Dominique
D
Degott
Claude
C
Cacoub
Patrice
P
Perronne
Christian
C
D000328:Adult; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications*; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000235:genetics; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019562:Viral Load
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012254:Ribavirin; C417083:peginterferon alfa-2b