The genome sequence of the ethanologenic bacterium Zymomonas mobilis ZM4.
We report the complete genome sequence of Zymomonas mobilis ZM4 (ATCC31821), an ethanologenic microorganism of interest for the production of fuel ethanol. The genome consists of 2,056,416 base pairs forming a circular chromosome with 1,998 open reading frames (ORFs) and three ribosomal RNA transcription units. The genome lacks recognizable genes for 6-phosphofructokinase, an essential enzyme in the Embden-Meyerhof-Parnas pathway, and for two enzymes in the tricarboxylic acid cycle, the 2-oxoglutarate dehydrogenase complex and malate dehydrogenase, so glucose can be metabolized only by the Entner-Doudoroff pathway. Whole genome microarrays were used for genomic comparisons with the Z. mobilis type strain ZM1 (ATCC10988) revealing that 54 ORFs predicted to encode for transport and secretory proteins, transcriptional regulators and oxidoreductase in the ZM4 strain were absent from ZM1. Most of these ORFs were also found to be actively transcribed in association with ethanol production by ZM4.
Seo
Jeong-Sun
JS
Macrogen Inc., World Meridian Venture Center, 60-24, Gasan-dong, Seoul 153-781, Korea. jeongsun@macrogen.com
Chong
Hyonyong
H
Park
Hyun Seok
HS
Yoon
Kyoung-Oh
KO
Jung
Cholhee
C
Kim
Jae Joon
JJ
Hong
Jin Han
JH
Kim
Hyungtae
H
Kim
Jeong-Hyun
JH
Kil
Joon-Il
JI
Park
Cheol Ju
CJ
Oh
Hyun-Myung
HM
Lee
Jung-Soon
JS
Jin
Su-Jung
SJ
Um
Hye-Won
HW
Lee
Hee-Jong
HJ
Oh
Soo-Jin
SJ
Kim
Jae Young
JY
Kang
Hyung Lyun
HL
Lee
Se Yong
SY
Lee
Kye Joon
KJ
Kang
Hyen Sam
HS
D001692:Biological Transport; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D016678:Genome; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D007655:Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex / Q000378:metabolism; D008291:Malate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism; D012313:RNA / Q000737:chemistry; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014233:Tricarboxylic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D017355:Zymomonas / Q000235:genetics*
D014233:Tricarboxylic Acids; D000431:Ethanol; D012313:RNA; D004247:DNA; D008291:Malate Dehydrogenase; D007655:Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex