Efficacy of dextran solutions in vascular surgery.
The purpose of this paper is to discuss the role and efficacy of dextran in vascular procedures using evidence-based data from the review of surgical literature. A medline search using "dextran,'' "vascular surgery,'' and "antiplatelet therapy'' as keywords was performed for English-language articles. Further references were obtained through cross-referencing the bibliography cited in each work. Dextran is commonly used in carotid endarterectomy (CEA) patients where the embolic rate is reduced by 46%, resulting in fewer procedure-related strokes. As a prophylactic agent against thrombosis, multiple randomized studies have reported its benefit over other antithrombotic medications. Dextran is also particularly useful in "difficult'' infragenicular lower extremity bypasses where artificial grafts (such as polytetrafluoroethylene [PTFE] or umbilical vein) are used in the setting of poor outflow vessels, or those with composite grafts and small-caliber venous conduits. Distal bypasses with adjunctive procedures (eg, arteriovenous fistula or anastomotic cuffs) also have a better outcome with the addition of dextran. Dextran has numerous important implications in vascular surgery, in particular with CEA patients or "difficult'' infragenicular bypasses. Its effectiveness with endovascular stents remains unknown.
Abir
Farshad
F
Yale University School of Medicine, Section of Vascular Surgery, New Haven, CT 06520-5062, USA.
Barkhordarian
Siamak
S
Sumpio
Bauer E
BE
D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003911:Dextrans / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid; D006801:Humans; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000139:chemically induced; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures
D000925:Anticoagulants; D003911:Dextrans