title: Precise localization of alpha7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptors on glutamatergic axon terminals in the rat ventral tegmental area.
abstract: Alpha7 neuronal nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChRs) constitute one of the predominant nAChR subtypes in the mammalian brain. Within the ventral tegmental area (VTA), nicotine application, paired with postsynaptic stimulation, contributes to a form of long-term potentiation, an effect attributed to presynaptic alpha7 nAChRs on glutamatergic afferents (Mansvelder and McGehee, 2000). The aim of this study was to examine the precise subcellular distribution of alpha7 nAChRs in the adult rat VTA to establish whether these receptors are indeed present on glutamatergic axon terminals and to determine their relationship with cholinergic afferents. The spatial relationship between alpha7 nAChRs, labeled using the alpha7 nAChR-specific antagonist alpha-bungarotoxin, and the local neurochemical environment was investigated by the application of multiple labeling strategies with antibodies against tyrosine hydroxylase, vesicular glutamate transporters (VGluTs), vesicular acetylcholine transporter, and glial fibrillary acidic protein. alpha7 nAChRs were localized at both somatodendritic and presynaptic loci within the VTA: on subpopulations of dopaminergic and nondopaminergic neurons and glutamatergic and nonglutamatergic terminals. There was no detectable alpha7 nAChR expression within astrocytes in the VTA. Most alpha7 nAChRs were cytoplasmic (82%), and the remainder were associated with the plasma membrane. Most presynaptic receptors (75%) were on glutamatergic axon terminals, with similar levels of alpha-bungarotoxin binding present on both VGluT1- and VGluT2-immunoreactive boutons. Both preembedding and postembedding electron microscopy revealed that presynaptic alpha7 nAChRs are often located at extrasynaptic (27%) and perisynaptic (61%) loci. alpha7 nAChRs were not associated with cholinergic synapses, consistent with their activation by a paracrine mode of acetylcholine or choline delivery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology and Biochemistry, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Ian W
authors.initials: IW
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wonnacott
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000737:chemistry; D002038:Bungarotoxins; D004298:Dopamine / Q000502:physiology; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000032:analysis; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000502:physiology*; D006651:Histocytochemistry; D008297:Male; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D018733:Nicotinic Antagonists; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic / Q000032:analysis*; D016708:Synaptophysin / Q000032:analysis; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000032:analysis; D017557:Ventral Tegmental Area / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D050494:Vesicular Acetylcholine Transport Proteins; D050598:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; D064569:alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor
chemical_list: D002038:Bungarotoxins; C579165:Chrna7 protein, rat; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D018733:Nicotinic Antagonists; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic; C493466:Slc17a7 protein, rat; C493461:Slc18a3 protein, rat; D016708:Synaptophysin; D050494:Vesicular Acetylcholine Transport Proteins; D050598:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; D064569:alpha7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; D000109:Acetylcholine; D004298:Dopamine