title: Herpes simplex virus-induced, death receptor-dependent apoptosis and regression of transplanted human cancers.
abstract: Inoculation of a live attenuated herpes simplex virus (HSV) vector, betaH1, into human U87MG glioblastoma cells transplanted into athymic nude mice induced complete regression of tumors. The infected cells underwent histochemically confirmed apoptosis without lymphocyte infiltration after expressing CD30, CD30 ligand (CD30L), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, TNF receptor 1 (TNF-R1), FAS, and FAS ligand (FAS-L) with activation of caspases 3 and 8. Induction of the transcripts of these receptors and ligands in inoculated tumors was confirmed by quantitative RT-PCR. To examine the specificity of apoptosis in the transplanted tumor, we inoculated betaH1 into transplanted human lung, breast, gastric, and colon cancer tumors, and similar tumor regression with apoptosis was observed in all tumors. We analyzed the roles of expression of CD30, CD30L, TNF-alpha, TNF-R1, FAS, and FAS-L in the tumors, and found that HSV-induced apoptosis was suppressed by the respective antibodies. These findings indicate that the CD30/CD30L, TNF-alpha/TNF-R1, and FAS/FAS-L interactions resulted in apoptosis and tumor regression in immunocompromised mice. In addition to the death receptor-dependent apoptosis induced by HSV, the expressed ligands and receptors might enhance the susceptibility of tumor cells to cell-mediated cyto-toxicity and augment the activation of tumor-killing lymphocytes in immunocompetent models.
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama 930-0194, Japan.
authors.forename: Hironaga
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kamiyama
authors.forename: Kunikazu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurosaki
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurimoto
authors.forename: Toyomasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Katagiri
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kurokawa
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Shunro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Kimiyasu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiraki
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D053285:CD30 Ligand; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D017730:Ki-1 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D014779:Virus Replication; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D053285:CD30 Ligand; C505661:FASLG protein, human; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; C505658:Fasl protein, mouse; D017730:Ki-1 Antigen; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; C505774:TNFSF8 protein, human; C505775:Tnfsf8 protein, mouse; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019014:fas Receptor; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; C505530:CASP8 protein, human; C505409:Casp3 protein, mouse; C505526:Casp8 protein, mouse; D053148:Caspase 3; D053181:Caspase 8; D020169:Caspases