title: Experimental mycotoxicosis in chickens induced by ochratoxin A and penicillic acid and intervention with natural plant extracts.
abstract: The combined toxic effect of ochratoxin A (OTA) and penicillic acid (PA) on the body mass, the weight and pathomorphology of some internal organs was studied in 85 broiler chickens fed a mouldy diet containing 130, 300 or 800 ppb OTA and 1000-2000 ppb PA. The main pathomorphological changes were cloudy swelling and granular degeneration in the epithelium and mononuclear cell proliferation and activation of capillary endothelium in the kidney and liver; degenerative changes and depletion of lymphoid cells in lymphoid organs (bursa of Fabricius, thymus and spleen) were also seen. Protective effects of 5% total water extract of artichoke and a new natural phytosubstance Rosallsat against these pathomorphological changes were observed. A significant decrease in body mass and relative weight of lymphoid organs was found after 6 weeks of exposure and a greater decrease after 10 weeks of exposure to OTA and PA, and a protective effect of artichoke extract and a slight effect of Rosallsat against that decrease was observed. A significant increase in relative weight of liver and kidneys was also observed as well as a protective effect of artichoke extract against that increase. The quantity of OTA and the percentage of positive samples were significantly lower in tissues of chickens treated with artichoke extract or Rosallsat in addition to OTA than in those treated with only OTA.
authors.affiliation: Department of General and Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Trakia University, 6000 Stara Zagora, Bulgaria. stoev@uni-sz.bg
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Stoev
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stefanov
authors.forename: St
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Denev
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Radic
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Domijan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peraica
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002060:Bursa of Fabricius / Q000473:pathology; D002645:Chickens; D031943:Cynara scolymus / Q000737:chemistry*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008208:Lymphatic System / Q000473:pathology; D015651:Mycotoxicosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000662:veterinary*; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010398:Penicillic Acid / Q000633:toxicity*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D011897:Random Allocation; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D009793:Ochratoxins; D010936:Plant Extracts; C025589:ochratoxin A; D010398:Penicillic Acid