title: Targeted activation of beta-catenin signaling in basal mammary epithelial cells affects mammary development and leads to hyperplasia.
abstract: Wnt/beta-catenin signaling pathway is involved in the maintenance of the progenitor cell population in the skin, intestine and other tissues, and its aberrant activation caused by stabilization of beta-catenin contributes to tumorigenesis. In the mammary gland, constitutive activation of Wnt/beta-catenin signaling in luminal secretory cells results in precocious lobuloalveolar differentiation and induces adenocarcinomas, whereas the impact of this signaling pathway on the function of the second major mammary epithelial cell lineage, the basal myoepithelial cells, has not been analyzed. We have used the keratin (K) 5 promoter to target the expression of stabilized N-terminally truncated beta-catenin to the basal cell layer of mouse mammary epithelium. The transgenic mice presented an abnormal mammary phenotype: precocious lateral bud formation, increased proliferation and premature differentiation of luminal epithelium in pregnancy, persistent proliferation in lactation and accelerated involution. Precocious development in pregnancy was accompanied by increased Myc and cyclin D1 transcript levels, and a shift in p63 variant expression towards the DeltaNp63 form. The expression of ECM-degrading proteinases and their inhibitors was altered in pregnancy and involution. Nulliparous transgenic females developed mammary hyperplasia that comprised undifferentiated basal (K5/14-positive, K8- and alpha-smooth muscle-actin-negative) cells. Multiparous mice, in addition, developed invasive basal-type carcinomas. Thus, activation of beta-catenin signaling in basal mammary epithelial cells affects the entire process of mammary gland development and induces amplification of basal-type cells that lack lineage markers, presumably, a subpopulation of mammary progenitors able to give rise to tumors.
authors.affiliation: UMR 144 CNRS-Institut Curie, Institut Curie, Section de Recherche, 26 rue d'Ulm, 75248, Paris, Cedex 05, France.
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Teulière
authors.forename: Marisa M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Faraldo
authors.forename: Marie-Ange
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Deugnier
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shtutman
authors.forename: Avri
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ben-Ze'ev
authors.forename: Jean Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Thiery
authors.forename: Marina A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Glukhova
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D019070:Cell Lineage; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D004848:Epithelium / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013997:Time Factors; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051176:beta Catenin
chemical_list: C495267:CTNNB1 protein, mouse; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D017931:DNA Primers; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015534:Trans-Activators; C486419:Trp63 protein, mouse; D051176:beta Catenin