title: Value of the proximal flow convergence method for quantification of the regurgitant volume in mitral regurgitation Influence of the mechanism of regurgitation, the imaging of the flow convergence region, and different calculation modalities.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether the underlying mechanism of mitral regurgitation influences the reliability of the proximal flow con- vergence method to assess the regurgitant volume. Furthermore, the mode of imaging the flow convergence region and different correction algorithms for calculation of the regurgitant volume were compared.
  
  
  METHODS
  Regurgitant volume was assessed in 45 patients (age 61+/-13 years) with organic (n=19) and functional (n=26) mitral regurgitation by the proximal flow convergence method for aliasing velocities between 14 and 64 cm/s using two-dimensional color Doppler imaging. Different correction and calculation algorithms were compared. In addition, regurgitant volume was determined using color Doppler M-mode for an aliasing velocity of 28 cm/s. The quantitative Doppler method was used as reference.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In organic mitral regurgitation correlation coefficients (mean differences) between the proximal flow convergence method and the reference method were 0.25-0.43/ 0.58-0.67 (46-111 ml/15-17 ml) before/after geometric correction of the regurgitant volume for the aliasing velocities investigated. The correlation coefficient (mean difference) using color Doppler M-mode imaging was 0.68 (85 ml). The corresponding values in functional mitral regurgitation were 0.74-0.88/0.74-0.88 (-5-8 ml/-7-5 ml) for two-dimensional color Doppler and 0.88 (-1 ml) for M-mode imaging.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The regurgitant volume was overestimated by the proximal flow convergence method in organic mitral regurgitation irrespective of the application of different correction algorithms or the use of color Doppler M-mode. A sufficiently reliable determination of the regurgitant volume by the proximal flow convergence method was possible in functional mitral regurgitation. In that case a simplified calculation of the regurgitant volume based on the proximal flow convergence method was feasible.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für Kardiologie, Medizinische Klinik der Universität Ulm, Robert-Koch-Strasse 8, 89081 Ulm, Germany. georg.grossmann@medizin.uni-ulm.de
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Grossmann
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Marx
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Spiess
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kochs
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology*; D001810:Blood Volume / Q000502:physiology*; D018618:Echocardiography, Doppler, Color / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013223:Statistics as Topic