title: Adaptation of neuromagnetic N1 responses to phonetic stimuli by visual speech in humans.
abstract: The technique of 306-channel magnetoencephalogaphy (MEG) was used in eight healthy volunteers to test whether silent lip-reading modulates auditory-cortex processing of phonetic sounds. Auditory test stimuli (either Finnish vowel /ae/ or /ø/) were preceded by a 500 ms lag by either another auditory stimulus (/ae/, /ø/ or the second-formant midpoint between /ae/ and /ø/), or silent movie of a person articulating /ae/ or /ø/. Compared with N1 responses to auditory /ae/ and /ø/ when presented without a preceding stimulus, the amplitudes of left-hemisphere N1 responses to the test stimuli were significantly suppressed both when preceded by auditory and visual stimuli, this effect being significantly stronger with preceding auditory stimuli. This suggests that seeing articulatory gestures of a speaker influences auditory speech perception by modulating the responsiveness of auditory-cortex neurons.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Computational Engineering, Helsinki University of Technology, Espoo, P.O. Box 9203, Innopoli 2, Tekniikant. 14, FIN-02015 HUT Finland. iiro.jaaskelainen@hut.fi
authors.forename: Iiro P
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Jääskeläinen
authors.forename: Ville
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ojanen
authors.forename: Jyrki
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ahveninen
authors.forename: Toni
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Auranen
authors.forename: Sari
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Levänen
authors.forename: Riikka
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Möttönen
authors.forename: Iina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tarnanen
authors.forename: Mikko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sams
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology*; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001303:Auditory Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008085:Lipreading; D015225:Magnetoencephalography / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D010700:Phonetics; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D013061:Speech Acoustics; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology*