title: Long-term pain and recurrence after repair of ventral incisional hernias by open mesh: clinical and MRI study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Polypropylene mesh repair of large incisional ventral hernias has become increasingly popular. Long-term effects of the mesh on pain and abdominal muscles are not known.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retromuscular pre-peritoneal polypropylene mesh was placed by open technique in 84 consecutive patients with large ventral hernias (mean defect size 130 cm(2)). We re-examined the patients after a mean follow-up time of 3 years to find out the frequency of recurrence and chronic pain. We measured the thickness of abdominal muscles of eight patients preoperatively, and postoperatively after 1 year, using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recurrent hernias had appeared in four patients (5%) at follow-up. Nine patients (13%) needed occasional pain-relieving drugs, but only three (4%) suffered persistent, severe, pain from the mesh. Some limitation during leisure-time physical activities was found in 10% of patients. Only ten patients (12%) were re-operated on because of wound complications or recurrence. MRI study indicated that abdominal muscles were postoperatively well preserved. Although wound infections (6%) and seroma (9%) were frequent complications, there was no need for meshes to be removed in the follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Open ventral herniorrhaphy with mesh is safe, effective and inexpensive. Small, recurrent hernias were infrequent and easy to re-operated on. Severe pain from the mesh was not common. Postoperative MRI study indicated no obvious damage of abdominal muscles after mesh placement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Radiology, Central Hospital of Mikkeli, 50100 Mikkeli, Finland. hannu.paajanen@esshp.fi
authors.forename: Hannu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Paajanen
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hermunen
mesh_terms: D000009:Abdominal Muscles; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006555:Hernia, Ventral / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D011126:Polypropylenes; D012008:Recurrence; D012086:Reoperation; D012449:Safety; D013526:Surgical Mesh / Q000009:adverse effects; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D011126:Polypropylenes