title: Development of a rapid detection and enumeration method for thermophilic bacilli in milk powders.
abstract: Thermophilic strains of Geobacillus, Anoxybacillus and Bacillus that are able to grow at 55 degrees C and above are recognized as commonly occurring contaminants during the production of milk powders. In particular, Anoxybacillus flavithermus strain C and Bacillus licheniformis strain F are often the most prevalent. We describe here the development of a TaqMan-based real-time-PCR assay using a small amplicon of the ribosomal 16S rRNA gene for the selective and quantitative detection of thermophilic bacilli in milk powders. We further present an effective, rapid and inexpensive method for the isolation of total bacterial DNA from milk powder for quantitative PCR analysis within 20 min. With this method, the detection of thermophilic bacilli in milk powder can be accomplished within 1 h. The detection limit for reconstituted and inoculated milk was 8 vegetative cfu ml(-1) and 64 spores ml(-1), respectively.
authors.affiliation: Thermophile Research Unit, Department of Biological Sciences, University of Waikato, Private Bag 3105, Hamilton 2001, New Zealand. Andreas.Rueckert@alumni.TU-Berlin.de
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rueckert
authors.forename: Ron S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Ronimus
authors.forename: Hugh W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Morgan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001407:Bacillus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001483:Base Sequence; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005525:Food-Processing Industry / Q000592:standards; D008892:Milk / Q000382:microbiology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S