Platinum toxicity and gene expression in Xenopus embryos: analysis by FETAX and differential display.
Since the level of platinum in the environment is destined to increase, because of its use in vehicle catalytic converters, the toxicity of platinum needs further investigation. In this study, the frog embryo teratogenesis assay-Xenopus (FETAX) was used to compare the embryotoxicity and teratogenicity of two common platinum species, (NH4)2PtCl4 and (NH4)2PtCl6. The uptake rates of the two platinum species were studied, and also their effects on the expression of genes encoding metallothionein and heat-shock protein 70, which are known to be induced by several stress factors. In addition, the differential display technique was used to search for genes that were specifically induced by platinum. A gene for the type I collagen alpha-chain and a novel gene were identified.
Monetti
Claudio
C
Department of Structural and Functional Biology, Università dell'Insubria, 3 Via Dunant, 21100 Varese, Italy.
Bernardini
Giovanni
G
Vigetti
Davide
D
Prati
Mariangela
M
Fortaner
Salvador
S
Sabbioni
Enrico
E
Gornati
Rosalba
R
D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D001837:Body Weights and Measures; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000235:genetics; D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000187:drug effects; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010984:Platinum / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics*
D024042:Collagen Type I; D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D010984:Platinum; D008668:Metallothionein