title: A transitional care service for elderly chronic disease patients at risk of readmission.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Multiple hospital admissions, especially those related to chronic disease, represent a particular challenge to the acute health care sector in Australia.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether a nurse-led chronic disease management model of transitional care reduced readmissions to acute care.
  
  
  METHODS
  A quasi-experimental controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  A large tertiary metropolitan teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  166 general medical patients aged > or = 65 years with either a history of readmissions to acute care or multiple medical comorbidities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Implementation of a chronic disease management model of transitional care aimed at improving patient management and reducing readmissions to acute care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Readmission rates and emergency department presentation rates at 3-and 6-month follow up. Secondary outcome measures include quality of life, discharge destination, and primary health care service utilisation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no difference in readmission rates, emergency department presentation rates, quality of life, discharge destination or primary health care service utilisation. The difficulties inherent in evaluating this type of multifactorial intervention are discussed and consideration is given to patient factors, the difficulty of influencing readmission rates, and local system issues.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The outcomes of this study reflect the tension that exists between implementing multifaceted integrated health service programs and attempting to evaluate them within complex and changing environments using robust research methodologies.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Epidemiology & Health Service Evaluation Unit, Melbourne Health, Parkville, VIC. Caroline.brand@mh.org.au
authors.forename: Caroline A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.forename: Catherine T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Adrian J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Lowe
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: Carol A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Bellinda L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Donald A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Campbell
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001315:Australia; D002908:Chronic Disease; D019468:Disease Management; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006299:Health Services for the Aged / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D010351:Patient Discharge; D010359:Patient Readmission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016012:Poisson Distribution; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011383:Progressive Patient Care / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011788:Quality of Life