title: Osteogenic potential of primed periosteum graft in the rat calvarial model.
abstract: Repair of bone defects remains a major concern in plastic and maxillofacial surgery. Based on modern concepts of tissue engineering, periosteum has gained attention as a suitable osteogenic material. We tested the hypothesis that surgically released and immediately repositioned periosteum would exhibit high osteogenic capacity upon grafting in a rat calvarial defect. Seven days after periosteum was released from the tibia and immediately repositioned, the "primed periosteum graft" (PPG; n = 15) was placed into a critical-sized defect of rat calvaria and the process of bone formation was evaluated histologically, immunohistologically, and radiographically at 7, 14, and 21 days after grafting. Findings were compared with a nonprimed periosteal graft (NPG; n = 15). Endochondral ossification was observed in both the PPG and NPG. The PPG showed higher expression of proliferative cell nuclear antigen, bone morphogenetic protein, and vascular endothelial growth factor than the NPG. Three-dimensional radiographic examination revealed significantly increased bone formation in the PPG than in the NPG (P < 0.01). These findings suggested that surgical stimulation of the periosteum enhanced the osteogenic potential of periosteal cells. This method may be suitable for the clinical repair of bone defects.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Oral and Maxillofacial Reconstructive Surgery, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, 2-5-1 Shikata, Okayama 700-8525, Japan.
authors.forename: Miwa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanou
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Toshimasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kagawa
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Yoshiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakata
authors.forename: Nobuhisa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Joji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fukunaga
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugahara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000502:physiology*; D023421:Models, Animal; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D010521:Periosteum / Q000502:physiology / Q000637:transplantation*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012886:Skull / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000601:surgery