title: Neuropsychological characterization of cognitively-impaired-not-demented (CIND) individuals: clinical comparison data.
abstract: The primary objective of the present investigation was to characterize the neuropsychological test performance of a large sample of clinic-referred individuals diagnosed as Cognitively-Impaired-Not-Demented (CIND). Participants classified as Not-Cognitively-Impaired (NCI; n = 68) differed from CIND individuals (n = 205) on a number of demographic, clinical, and neuropsychological measures. A backward stepwise logistic regression analysis revealed that measures of learning and memory, visuoconstruction abilities, and cognitive flexibility provided the best discrimination between NCI and CIND participants. Clinical comparison data for CIND participants were generated for various demographically defined groups. The amount of inter-test scatter (highest minus lowest sample-based z-score) and the overall number of cognitive impairments (impairment being defined as performance equal to or greater than 1 standard deviation below the sample mean) in CIND individuals are reported. The results support the impression that CIND is a cognitively heterogeneous condition.
authors.affiliation: University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada. kevinpeters@trentu.ca
authors.forename: Kevin R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Graf
authors.forename: Sherri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayden
authors.forename: Howard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Feldman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001245:Association Learning; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003710:Demography; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007360:Intelligence / Q000502:physiology; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D007802:Language; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D008609:Mental Status Schedule; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014705:Verbal Behavior / Q000502:physiology