title: BOLD, sweat and fears: fMRI and skin conductance distinguish facial fear signals.
abstract: It is not known how the brain and autonomic systems interact during perception of facial signals of danger. We recorded blood-oxygen-level-dependent (BOLD) activity using fMRI and simultaneous skin conductance measures of autonomic arousal in healthy subjects. Distinct response profiles were elicited for fear (enhanced arousal with amygdala activity), anger (rapid onset, slow recovery arousal responses with anterior cingulate) and disgust (delayed arousal responses with insula and basal ganglia activity). The findings suggest that fear, anger and disgust perception involves specific interactions in the neural arousal systems for emotion and motivation.
authors.affiliation: Brain Dynamics Centre, University of Sydney, Westmead Hospital, NSW, 2145, Australia. lea@psych.usyd.edu.au
authors.forename: Leanne M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Pritha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Belinda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liddell
authors.forename: Gloria
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Olivieri
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peduto
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Brammer
authors.forename: Evian
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gordon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000786:Anger; D001143:Arousal; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004644:Emotions; D005239:Fear / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood*; D011930:Reaction Time; D012879:Skin Physiological Phenomena; D013542:Sweat / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen