Plasmacytoid dendritic cell precursors/type I interferon-producing cells sense viral infection by Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 and TLR9.
Plasmacytoid dendritic cell (pDC) precursors, also called type I IFN (alpha/beta/omega)-producing cells (IPCs), are the key effectors in the innate immune system because of their extraordinary capacity to produce type I IFNs against microbial infection, particularly viral infection. In contrast to myeloid DCs, human pDC/IPCs selectively express Toll-like receptor (TLR) 7 and TLR9 within the endosomal compartment. These receptors are specifically designed to recognize the nucleoside-based products derived from RNA viruses and DNA viruses. Therefore, this expression profile potentially enables pDC/IPCs to sense a variety of viruses. Stimulation of TLR7 or TLR9 leads to type I IFN responses through the MyD88 pathway. Thus, pDC/IPCs may play a central role in host defense against viral infection through the TLR7 and TLR9 system.
Ito
Tomoki
T
Department of Immunology and CCIR, The University of Texas, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77030, USA. tomokiito@mdanderson.org
Wang
Yui-Hsi
YH
Liu
Yong-Jun
YJ
D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D018448:Models, Immunological; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000276:immunology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000276:immunology; D051199:Toll-Like Receptor 7; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology*
D016207:Cytokines; D007370:Interferon Type I; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C495348:TLR7 protein, human; C495371:TLR9 protein, human; D051199:Toll-Like Receptor 7; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors