title: Miniaturised pressurised liquid extraction of chloroanilines from soil with subsequent analysis by large-volume injection-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry.
abstract: A number of chloroanilines were extracted from soil by means of miniaturised pressurised liquid extraction (PLE). The extraction procedure was optimised for both large-volume on-column (LV-OC) and programmed-temperature vaporisation (PTV) injections combined with GC-MS. Hexane was the only extraction solvent suited for LV-OC and hexane/acetone gave the best results when using a PTV. Overall, the hexane/acetone-plus-PTV procedure shows better results than the hexane-plus-LV-OC method in terms of analyte recovery (36-109% versus 5-87%), repeatability (8-13% versus 4-31%) and detection limits. Both approaches allow detection of the chloroanilines in complex soil samples down to the 5-50 ng/g range. However, the PTV-based procedure is superior as regards robustness: over one hundred samples can be analysed without any maintenance being required.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry and Applied Spectroscopy, Free University, de Boelelaan 1083, 1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands. maria.kristenson@neoresins.com
authors.forename: E Maria
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Kristenson
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Angioi
authors.forename: René J J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Vreuls
authors.forename: Maria Carla
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Gennaro
authors.forename: Udo A Th
authors.initials: UA
authors.lastname: Brinkman
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000032:analysis*; D008904:Miniaturization; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C023650:aniline