title: Chondroprotective activity of N-acetylglucosamine in rabbits with experimental osteoarthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the therapeutic efficacy of N-acetylglucosamine (GlcNAc) in rabbits with experimental osteoarthritis (OA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Experimental OA was induced in rabbits by anterior cruciate ligament transection (ACLT). In the first study, rabbits (six in each group) received intramuscular injections of GlcNAc or normal saline three times a week starting 1 week postoperatively. In the second study, rabbits (eight in each group) were injected intra-articularly with GlcNAc (either once or twice a week) or normal saline. In the third study, rabbits (seven in each group) were injected intra-articularly twice a week with either GlcNAc, hyaluronan, or normal saline. Animals were killed 8 weeks after ACLT for macroscopic and histological assessment of the knee joints.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intramuscular administration of GlcNAc in rabbits with experimental knee OA did not show chondroprotective effects but showed mild anti-inflammatory activity. In contrast, intra-articular administration of GlcNAc twice a week reduced cartilage degradation. Additionally, intra-articular GlcNAc also suppressed synovitis. Once a week intra-articular injections of GlcNAc did not demonstrate therapeutic efficacy. The chondroprotective efficacy of GlcNAc was better than that of viscosupplementation treatment with hyaluronan.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intra-articular GlcNAc has chondroprotective and anti-inflammatory activity in experimental OA.
authors.affiliation: Division of Arthritis Research, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA. shikhman@scripps.edu
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Shikhman
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Amiel
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: D'Lima
authors.forename: S-B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasho
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Lotz
mesh_terms: D000117:Acetylglucosamine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001169:Arthritis, Experimental / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011817:Rabbits; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000473:pathology; D013585:Synovitis / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D000117:Acetylglucosamine