title: Desensitization of cyclic GMP-mediated regulation of fatty acid metabolism in hepatocytes from ethanol-fed rats.
abstract: The mechanisms by which ethanol causes accumulation of hepatic triacylglycerols are complex. It has been proposed that nitric oxide/cyclic GMP signaling pathway may be involved in regulation of fatty acid metabolism in the liver. Here, we investigated if this mechanism may have a role in adaptation to ethanol consumption. Hepatocytes were isolated from rats fed with an ethanol-containing liquid diet and pair-fed control rats, and incubated with a range of concentrations of 8-bromo-cyclic GMP. In both types of cells, this cyclic GMP analog inhibited in parallel fatty acid synthesis de novo and acetyl-CoA carboxylase activity. Addition of 8-bromo-cyclic GMP also decreased the rate of palmitate esterification to triacylglycerols and phospholipids, whereas palmitate oxidation was increased. However, in all these metabolic effects, hepatocytes from ethanol-fed rats were significantly less sensitive to the addition of 8-bromo-cyclic GMP. In order to know if this may be a more general mechanism of adaptation to ethanol, we also studied the effects on glucose metabolism. Similarly, hepatocytes from ethanol-fed rats showed a decreased sensitivity in the inhibition by 8-bromo-cyclic GMP of glycogen synthesis, fatty acid synthesis and the synthesis of glycerol backbone of hepatic triacylglycerols. These data suggest that ethanol consumption induces a desensitization of the regulatory effects mediated by cyclic GMP in fatty acid metabolism, contributing to triacylglycerol accumulation in the liver.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular I, Facultad de Biología, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: García-Villafranca
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guillén
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Castro
mesh_terms: D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006003:Glycogen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D007700:Kinetics; D008297:Male; D010169:Palmitic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D010169:Palmitic Acids; D014280:Triglycerides; C016276:8-bromocyclic GMP; D000431:Ethanol; D006003:Glycogen; D000103:Acetyl-CoA Carboxylase; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D005947:Glucose