title: Peribulbar anesthesia: a percutaneous single injection technique with a small volume of anesthetic.
abstract: We evaluated the efficacy and safety of a single injection technique with a small volume of anesthetic for ocular peribulbar anesthesia. We included 857 patients undergoing various ophthalmic procedures. Anesthesia consisted of a medial percutaneous injection of 5-6.5 mL of 2% lidocaine. At 2 min 85.6% of the patients had a motor block of at least 50% and at 5 min 78.6% had a motor block >80%. After 5 min 100% of the patients had adequate surgical anesthesia. There were no serious block-related complications. The described technique is a simple and satisfactory alternative to the classical techniques.
authors.affiliation: *Department of Critical Care Medicine and Surgery, Section of Anesthesiology, †Department of Epidemiology, ‡Department of Oto-Neuro-Ophthalmological Surgery, Section of Ophthalmology, §Department of Pathologic Anatomy, University of Florence, Florence, Italy.
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marini
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rosati
authors.forename: Italo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Calamai
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nesi
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Salvini
authors.forename: Cinzia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mazzini
authors.forename: Fiamma
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Campana
authors.forename: Enzo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brizzi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000765:Anesthesia, Conduction / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005123:Eye / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D009915:Orbit / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D008012:Lidocaine