title: Frequency and risk factors of potentially inappropriate medication use in a community-dwelling elderly population: results from the 3C Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the frequency of potentially inappropriate medication use among community-dwelling elderly subjects and to identify socio-demographic factors associated with this use.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected in the Three-City Study, a French longitudinal study on vascular factors and cognitive decline. The study population was composed of 9,294 subjects aged 65 years and older, living in the community. Inappropriate medication use was assessed using a list derived from the Beers criteria by a panel of French experts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nearly 40% of the participants used at least one potentially inappropriate medication: 23.4% used cerebral vasodilators, 9.2% long-acting benzodiazepines and 6.4% drugs with anticholinergic properties. Excluding cerebral vasodilators from the list, the frequency of potentially inappropriate medication use was 21.7%. This use was significantly more frequent among women, older subjects and poorly educated subjects. Adjusted analyses showed that these associations could not be explained by a confounding effect of medical factors. Compared with 13.0% of men with a high educational level, 27.9% of women with a low educational level used at least one potentially inappropriate medication (odds ratio=2.0; 95% confidence interval: 1.7-2.3).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study is the first attempt to evaluate the frequency of potentially inappropriate medication use in the elderly French population. Female gender and low socio-economic characteristics reduced the chances of receiving optimal pharmacotherapy. The proportion of elderly subjects receiving potentially inappropriate medication was higher than shown in previous studies. This is mainly explained by differences in the use of cerebral vasodilators.
authors.affiliation: Département de Pharmacologie, EA 3676 Médicaments, Produits et Systèmes de Santé, Université Victor Segalen Bordeaux 2, 146 rue Léo Saignat, 33076, Bordeaux Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lechevallier-Michel
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gautier-Bertrand
authors.forename: Annick
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alpérovitch
authors.forename: Claudine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Berr
authors.forename: Joël
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Belmin
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Legrain
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Saint-Jean
authors.forename: Béatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tavernier
authors.forename: Jean-François
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Dartigues
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fourrier-Réglat
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017723:Drug Utilization Review; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012307:Risk Factors; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations