title: Influence of blood glucose level, age and fasting period on non-pathological FDG uptake in heart and gut.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Increased, non-pathological FDG uptake in myocardium, stomach and bowel is frequently observed while performing clinical positron emission tomography (PET) studies. This "physiological" increased FDG uptake is not related to (oncological) disease and is unwanted since it may interfere with correct image reading. We evaluated the role of several patient-related factors that may have an influence on this phenomenon.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and seventy-five non-diabetic patients with malignant diseases, referred to our department for routine whole-body FDG-PET, were retrospectively evaluated. Age, blood glucose levels and duration of the fasting period were recorded. FDG uptake in myocardium, bowel and stomach was visually graded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistical analysis showed that increased FDG uptake in myocardium, bowel and stomach was not significantly correlated to blood glucose level, age or duration of fasting. Most patients who underwent repeated PET scans (92 scans in 25 patients), showed no or minor changes in uptake in bowel and stomach on the consecutive scans, while myocardial uptake was more variable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Age, fasting period and blood glucose levels did not influence physiological uptake. However, there seemed to be a patient-specific pattern for stomach and bowel uptake.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine (565), University Medical Center Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. m.degroot@nucmed.umcn.nl
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Groot
authors.forename: Antoi P W
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Meeuwis
authors.forename: Peter J M
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Kok
authors.forename: Frans H M
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Corstens
authors.forename: Wim J G
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Oyen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D016477:Artifacts; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D005215:Fasting / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D006321:Heart / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism*; D007422:Intestines / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013270:Stomach / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18