title: A feasibility study of high intensity focused ultrasound for liver biopsy hemostasis.
abstract: This study was conducted to demonstrate the feasibility of high intensity focused ultrasound (HIFU) application to control post-liver-biopsy hemorrhage. Anesthetized Yorkshire pigs (n = 3; mean weight = 23.0 kg) were used and the liver organ was exposed surgically by an open laparotomy. Core biopsies were performed on the hepatic parenchyma with 14-gauge (n = 41) and 18-gauge (n = 33) core biopsy needles. The focus of HIFU (4.23 MHz) field was applied for 15 to 45 s to the needle entry site in the liver immediately after needle retraction. Blood loss from a biopsy site was determined using surgical sponges as absorbent applied at the site. Mean blood loss for control sites was 6.16 g (14-gauge, n = 20) and 1.22 g (18-gauge, n = 10). Virtually no blood loss was measured for biopsies after HIFU application (n = 44) for using needles of both sizes. Our results indicate that intraoperative HIFU application could successfully induce hemostasis after liver biopsy in a porcine model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106-7207, USA. cheri.deng@cwru.edu
authors.forename: Cheri X
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Vikram
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dogra
authors.forename: Agata A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Exner
authors.forename: Hesheng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Shweta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhatt
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Nicholas T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Stowe
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Haaga
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006487:Hemostasis / Q000502:physiology*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013552:Swine; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color / Q000379:methods