title: A romifidine and morphine combination for epidural analgesia of the flank in cattle.
abstract: The objective of the study reported here was to determine the onset, duration, and degree of analgesia achieved with a combination of romifidine (50 microg/kg body weight [BW]) and morphine (0.1 mg/kg BW) administered epidurally. Ten adult Holstein Friesen cows were assigned to either a treatment group receiving the romifidine and morphine combination or a control group receiving 0.9% saline in a randomized, blinded, crossover design. Cows were assessed for degree of flank analgesia and systemic sedation at various time intervals over a period of 24 hours. The romifidine and morphine combination, compared with saline, provided significant analgesia for at least 10 minutes (P = 0.016) and up to 12 hours (P = 0.004) after epidural administration. Treated cows were sedate between 10 minutes (P = 0.016) and 6 hours (P = 0.002) after epidural administration. These results provide evidence for a potential cost-effective intra- and postoperative method of analgesia; however, the sedation seen in this study could be detrimental to patients expected return to the farm shortly after surgery. Further research into withdrawal times, systemic effects, and potential adverse effects are needed before an opiod and alpha2-adrenergic agonist combination can be used safely in a clinical setting.
authors.affiliation: Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, 52 Campus Drive, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan S7N 5B4.
authors.forename: Erin E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Fierheller
authors.forename: Nigel A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Caulkett
authors.forename: Jeremy V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Bailey
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D015360:Analgesia, Epidural / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology* / Q000601:surgery; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary; D011897:Random Allocation; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D007093:Imidazoles; D009020:Morphine; C076257:romifidine