[Type of child care and nasopharyngeal S. pneumoniae and H. influenzae carriage in children in the Alpes-Maritimes].
OBJECTIVE
To compare the prevalence rates of nasopharyngeal carriage of Streptococcus pneumoniae (SP) and of SP with diminished susceptibility to penicillin (PDSP) according to two types of day care, i.e. children in group day-care (GDC) and those attended by a child minder (CM) before and after the implementation of a local public health campaign promoting prudent antibiotic use in pediatric care.


METHODS
Two cross sectional studies were conducted in each care setting in 1999, 2000 and 2002, on a random sample of children.


RESULTS
Initial prevalence rates for SP before the campaign were 54% in the GDC group in 1999 and 34% in the CM group in 2000, with 63% and 52% PDSP, respectively. In 2002 theses rates were 58 and 33% for SP (p<10(-5)) and 64 and 53% for PDSP, respectively. The proportion of children who received antibiotics decreased in both care settings between the two surveys, from 47 to 37% in the CM group (p=0.03) and from 60 to 51% in the GDC group (p=0.03).


CONCLUSIONS
These results are in favor of the child minder setting and also illustrate the positive impact of a public health campaign on the frequency of antibiotic prescriptions.
Dunais
B
B
Département de santé publique, Hôpital de l'Archet 1, BP 3079, 06202 Nice Cedex 3, France. dunais.b@chu-nice.fr
Carsenti-Dellamonica
H
H
Bruno
P
P
Touboul
P
P
Hofliger
P
P
Maurin
S
S
Haas
H
H
Pradier
C
C
Dellamonica
P
P
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002391:Catchment Area, Health; D002648:Child; D002669:Child Welfare; D030881:Disclosure; D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009302:Nasopharyngeal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D015588:Observer Variation; D010290:Parents; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D010406:Penicillins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015995:Prevalence; D013290:Streptococcal Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods; D018440:beta-Lactam Resistance
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010406:Penicillins; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines