title: Right arm pyomyositis and necrotizing fasciitis complicated with subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum in a patient with diabetes mellitus and iatrogenic Cushing syndrome.
abstract: We report a case of subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum secondary to pyomyositis and necrotizing fasciitis over the right arm of a woman with underlying diabetes mellitus and iatrogenic Cushing syndrome. Gas produced by the culprit pathogen extensively dissected the subcutaneous fat and fascia of the patient's right arm and distantly spread to her face, neck, back, and thoracic wall and penetrated the soft tissue cephalically bordering her sternum, resulting in pneumomediastinum. The patient improved-with antimicrobial therapy and localized debridement and fasciotomy over her right arm.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung Medical Center, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Chen-Hsiang
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jien-Wei
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001132:Arm / Q000473:pathology; D002437:Cefazolin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003480:Cushing Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D003646:Debridement; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus; D004646:Emphysema / Q000209:etiology*; D019115:Fasciitis, Necrotizing / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008478:Mediastinal Emphysema / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009220:Myositis / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002437:Cefazolin