Coming changes in accepted wisdom about "osteoporosis".
Here a voice from the past suggests 28 changes that will affect how people study, manage, classify and think about "osteoporoses" today. Those changes depend mainly on two things: (i) "Connecting the dots" between diverse evidence and ideas from many fields and sources in order to find larger "messages" hidden in mountains of often poorly-organized lesser details, (ii) and features of the still-evolving Utah paradigm of skeletal physiology. That paradigm sums contributions from many people who worked in many fields for over 100 years. In one view it is the most important development in skeletal physiology since Rudolf Virchow and others realized approximately 150 years ago that cells provide the basis for human physiology and diseases. This article emphasizes the above messages instead of the details. The messages affect ideas about the nature, pathogenesis, diagnosis, classification, study and management of osteopenias and osteoporoses, as well as some roles of muscle, drugs, hormones, other agents and fatigue damage, in those disorders. Those larger messages also concern how to classify "osteoporosis fractures", how to define bone health, the choice of absorptiometric methods for noninvasive evaluations of bones, osteopenias and muscle strength, and new criteria for selecting patient cohorts for "risk-of-fracture" analyses and in searches for genetic roles in "osteoporoses". Finally, those larger messages identify many new targets for research that should prove unusually useful in clinical and pharmaceutical domains and work.
Frost
H M
HM
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Southern Colorado Clinic, Pueblo, CO 81008-9000, USA.
D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon / Q000639:trends; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D001846:Bone Development / Q000502:physiology; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000502:physiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends; D005544:Forecasting; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D018908:Muscle Weakness / Q000150:complications; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D013314:Stress, Mechanical