title: Volume expansion of albumin, gelatin, hydroxyethyl starch, saline and erythrocytes after haemorrhage in the rat.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the colloids 5% albumin, 4% gelatin and 6% hydroxyethyl starch (HES) 130/0.4 with each other and with saline, regarding their plasma-expanding effects after haemorrhage; these were also compared with the intravascular volume-expanding effect of re-transfusion with erythrocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled, prospective, randomised laboratory study.
  
  
  METHODS
  University research laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-five adult rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma volume was determined (I(125) albumin tracer technique) after haemorrhage of 20 ml/kg and 3 h after a bolus infusion of 20 ml/kg of each of the colloids or 80 ml/kg of saline, or 6.7 ml/kg of erythrocytes diluted in 9 ml/kg of saline. Blood pressure, haematocrit (Hct), blood gases and physiological parameters were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma volume after haemorrhage was 29.6+/-2.6 ml/kg (n=35). With the bolus infusion, plasma volume increased by 21.1+/-3.6 ml/kg in the albumin group (n=7), by 13.1+/-2.9 ml/kg in the gelatin group (n=7), by 13.8+/-2.2 ml/kg in the HES group (n=7), by 16.0+/-2.4 ml/kg in the saline group (n=7) and by 6.9+/-2.3 ml/kg in the erythrocyte group (n=7) 3 h after the infusion. In the latter group, there was a total increase in intravascular volume of 13.6+/-2.5 ml/kg including the erythrocyte volume. Arterial pressure was better preserved in the albumin and erythrocyte groups than in the other groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Albumin 5% was a more effective plasma volume expander than gelatin and HES. Saline, with a four times larger volume, and erythrocytes in about 1/3 of the volume had a similar volume-expanding effect to gelatin and HES.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University and University Hospital of Lund, 221 84 Lund, Sweden. Johan.Persson@mphy.lu.se
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Persson
authors.forename: Per-Olof
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Grände
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D003102:Colloids / Q000494:pharmacology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004912:Erythrocytes; D005780:Gelatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D010952:Plasma Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010953:Plasma Volume / Q000187:drug effects*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D003102:Colloids; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives; D010952:Plasma Substitutes; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D005780:Gelatin