A mouse model of cardiac rhabdomyoma generated by loss of Tsc1 in ventricular myocytes.
Tuberous sclerosis is a hamartoma syndrome due to mutations in TSC1 or TSC2 in which cardiac rhabdomyomas are seen in approximately 60% of patients. These lesions have an unusual natural history as they are usually most prominent immediately after birth and spontaneously resolve in most cases. To develop a mouse model of this lesion, we used a conditional, floxed allele of Tsc1 and a modified myosin light chain 2v allele in which cre recombinase expression occurs in ventricular myocytes. Mice with ventricular loss of Tsc1 had a median survival of 6 months and developed a dilated cardiomyopathy with the occurrence of scattered foci of enlarged ventricular myocytes. The enlarged cells were periodic acid-Schiff positive indicating the presence of excess glycogen and expressed elevated levels of phospho-S6, similar to findings in patient rhabdomyoma cells. The observations confirm that rhabdomyomas occur through a two hit mechanism of pathogenesis. However, the mice showed no evidence of fetal/neonatal demise, and there was no evidence of proliferation in the lesions. We propose that these differences are due to the timing of loss of Tsc1 in the ventricular myocytes and/or the truncated gestational period in the mouse compared with humans, during which progestational hormones may accentuate the growth of patient rhabdomyomas.
Meikle
Lynsey
L
Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
McMullen
Julie R
JR
Sherwood
Megan C
MC
Lader
Alan S
AS
Walker
Victoria
V
Chan
Jennifer A
JA
Kwiatkowski
David J
DJ
D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D024722:Cardiac Myosins / Q000235:genetics; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006338:Heart Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019426:Integrases / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D032342:Muscle Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009154:Mutation; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018994:Myosin Light Chains / Q000235:genetics; D010766:Phosphorylation; D012207:Rhabdomyoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019893:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D014402:Tuberous Sclerosis / Q000235:genetics; D000077004:Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 Protein; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D018994:Myosin Light Chains; C000624650:TSC1 protein, human; C000624651:Tsc1 protein, mouse; D000077004:Tuberous Sclerosis Complex 1 Protein; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C107184:myosin light chain 2; D006003:Glycogen; D019893:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases; C045073:Cre recombinase; D019426:Integrases; D024722:Cardiac Myosins