Application of simple mathematical expressions to relate the half-lives of xenobiotics in rats to values in humans.
BACKGROUND
Previous publications from GlaxoSmithKline and University of Toledo laboratories convey our independent attempts to predict the half-lives of xenobiotics in humans using data obtained from rats. The present investigation was conducted to compare the performance of our published models against a common dataset obtained by merging the two sets of rat versus human half-life (hHL) data previously used by each laboratory.


METHODS
After combining data, mathematical analyses were undertaken by deploying both of our previous models, namely the use of an empirical algorithm based on a best-fit model and the use of rat-to-human liver blood flow ratios as a half-life correction factor. Both qualitative and quantitative analyses were performed, as well as evaluation of the impact of molecular properties on predictability.


RESULTS
The merged dataset was remarkably diverse with respect to physiochemical and pharmacokinetic (PK) properties. Application of both models revealed similar predictability, depending upon the measure of stipulated accuracy. Certain molecular features, particularly rotatable bond count and pK(a), appeared to influence the accuracy of prediction.


CONCLUSIONS
This collaborative effort has resulted in an improved understanding and appreciation of the value of rats to serve as a surrogate for the prediction of xenobiotic half-lives in humans when clinical pharmacokinetic studies are not possible or practicable.
Ward
Keith W
KW
Preclinical Drug Discovery, Cardiovascular and Urogenital CEDD, GlaxoSmithKline, UW 2725, 709 Swedeland Road, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA. Keith_W_Ward@gsk.com
Erhardt
Paul
P
Bachmann
Kenneth
K
D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D003625:Data Collection; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply; D008433:Mathematics; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D051381:Rats; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D015262:Xenobiotics / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
D015262:Xenobiotics