title: The inhibitory role of melatonin on isolated guinea-pig urinary bladder: an endogenous hormone effect.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of melatonin, an endogenous hormone, on acetylcholine and KCl-induced contractions of isolated guinea-pig detrusor muscle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Detrusor smooth muscle strips isolated from guinea-pig bladders were placed in an organ bath containing physiological saline at 37 degrees C and pH 7.4, constantly bubbled with 95% oxygen and 5% CO2. The effects of cumulatively applied melatonin on the acetylcholine- and KCl-induced contractions of isolated bladder strips were examined using isometric contraction measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Melatonin (100 and 300 micromol/L) significantly inhibited the peak amplitude of both acetylcholine (10 micromol/L) and KCl (30 mmol/L)-induced contraction of the isolated bladder strips (P < 0.05). Similarly, melatonin caused a significant reduction in the contractile frequency induced by KCl (eight strips) in a concentration-dependent manner, while having no significant effect on the frequency of contractile response to acetylcholine, even at the highest concentration (300 micromol/L) used (P = 0.58, 14 strips).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that melatonin inhibits acetylcholine- and KCl-induced contractions in isolated bladder strips from guinea pigs. The endogenous nature of melatonin, with its low side-effect profile, makes it a potentially useful agent to be considered in the medical management of the overactive bladder.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Abant Izzet Baysal University, Izzet Baysal Medical Faculty, Elazig, Turkey.
authors.forename: Atilla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Semerciöz
authors.forename: Rahmi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Onur
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ayar
authors.forename: Irfan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Orhan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D008550:Melatonin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008550:Melatonin