title: [Routine screening of antibiotic-resistant bacteria in acute rehabilitation units].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to evaluate the epidemiology of antibiotic-resistant bacteria among motor impaired patients admitted to an acute rehabilitation unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 2000 to December 2002, the acute rehabilitation units of R. Poincare Hospital have screened patients for methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) and extended-spectrum beta-lactamase enterobacteria (ESBL-EB) carriage by nasal and rectal swab at admission, every month and exit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Finally, MRSA was isolated form screening or diagnosis samples of 360 patients and ESBL-EB from screening or diagnosis samples of 170 patients, corresponding respectively to an incidence of 3.6 for 1000 days of hospitalization (DH) and 1.7 for 1000 DH. 66% (236/360) of MRSA carriers and 58% of ESBL-EB carriers were identified only by screening samples. Carriage origin was identified for year 2002: Cases were imported for 40% (26/65) of MRSA carriers and 43% (18/42) of ESBL-EB carriers. The median acquisition delays were of 31 days [3-154] for MRSA and 19 days [3-317] for ESBL-EB.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This allowed to set up contact precautions for more than 2 fold patients that would have allowed diagnosis samples alone.
authors.affiliation: Unité d'hygiène, hôpital R.-Poincaré, 104, boulevard R.-Poincaré, 92380 Garches, France. Christine.lawrence@rpc.aphp.fr
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lawrence
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohana
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ronco
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dizien
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Denys
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Laffont
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lortat-Jacob
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vezant
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Doussin
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gaillard
mesh_terms: D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D012046:Rehabilitation; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*