title: Major amputation for intractable extremity melanoma after failure of isolated limb perfusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to analyse indications and results of amputation for intractable extremity melanoma after failure of isolated limb perfusion (ILP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1978 and 2001, 451 patients with loco-regional advanced extremity melanoma underwent 505 ILPs. Amputation of the affected extremity had to be carried out for intractable recurrent disease in 11 of these patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The indications for amputation were uncontrollable pain (n=2), extensive loco-regional tumour progression (n=4), loss of ankle function due to local tumour growth (n=1), and ulcerating and fungating lesions, not responding to other treatments (n=4). Four patients developed stump recurrence after amputation. Ten patients died of melanoma metastases after a median of 11 months (range 2-110 months). Two patients survived more than 5 years after amputation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Major amputation is rarely indicated for intractable extremity melanoma but long-term survival can be achieved in selected patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The Netherlands Cancer Institute/Antoni van Leeuwenhoek Hospital, Plesmanlaan 121, 1066 CX Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Kapma
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Vrouenraets
authors.forename: O E
authors.initials: OE
authors.lastname: Nieweg
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: van Geel
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Noorda
authors.forename: A M M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Eggermont
authors.forename: B B R
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Kroon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000671:Amputation, Surgical; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010478:Chemotherapy, Cancer, Regional Perfusion; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced; D007866:Leg / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D008558:Melphalan / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008875:Middle Aged; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D008558:Melphalan