title: Predisposition to nevirapine hypersensitivity associated with HLA-DRB1*0101 and abrogated by low CD4 T-cell counts.
abstract: Genetic (human leukocyte antigen), disease-related and demographic risk factors for nevirapine reactions were examined in a nevirapine-exposed cohort. Cases involving combinations of hepatitis, fever or rash were associated with an interaction between HLA-DRB1*0101 and the percentage of CD4, whereas no associations were detected for isolated rash. These data suggest that HLA-DRB1*0101 and the CD4 status may determine susceptibility to nevirapine hypersensitivity, consistent with a CD4 T-cell-dependent immune response to nevirapine-specific antigens.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Clinical Immunology and Biomedical Statistics, Royal Perth Hospital and Murdoch University, Perth, Western Australia.
authors.forename: Annalise M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nolan
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: Corey
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Frank T
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Christiansen
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mallal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015234:HLA-A Antigens / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D019829:Nevirapine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens; D015234:HLA-A Antigens; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; C487961:HLA-DRB1*01:01 antigen; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D019829:Nevirapine