title: Migraine and other headaches: associations with Rose angina and coronary heart disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association between a lifetime history of migraines and other headaches with and without aura and Rose angina and coronary heart disease (CHD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 12,409 African American and white men and women from the Atherosclerosis Risk in Communities Study, categorized by their lifetime history of headaches lasting > or =4 hours (migraine with aura, migraine without aura, other headaches with aura, other headaches without aura, no headaches). Gender-specific associations of headaches with Rose angina and CHD, adjusted for sociodemographic and cardiovascular disease risk factors, were evaluated using Poisson regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Participants with a history of migraines and other headaches were more likely to have a history of Rose angina than those without headaches. The associations were stronger for migraine and other headaches with aura (prevalence ratio [PR] = 3.0, 95% CI = 2.4, 3.7 and PR = 2.0, 95% CI = 1.5, 2.7 for women; PR = 2.2, 95% CI = 1.2, 3.9 and PR = 2.4, 95% CI = 1.4, 3.9 for men) than for migraine and other headaches without aura (PR = 1.5, 95% CI = 1.2, 1.9 and PR = 1.3, 95% CI = 1.1, 1.6 for women; PR = 1.9, 95% CI = 1.2, 2.9 and OR = 1.4, 95% CI = 1.0, 1.8 for men). In contrast, migraine and other headaches were not associated with CHD, regardless of the presence of aura.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The lack of association of migraines with coronary heart disease suggests that the association of migraine with Rose angina is not related to coronary artery disease. Future research assessing other common underlying pathologic mechanisms is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 137 E. Franklin St., Suite 306, Chapel Hill, NC 27514, USA. kathryn_rose@unc.edu
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Carson
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Sanford
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Stang
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Folsom
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szklo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000368:Aged; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000032:analysis; D006261:Headache / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000453:epidemiology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology; D007182:Income; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020325:Migraine with Aura / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology; D020326:Migraine without Aura / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005082:Physical Exertion; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014661:Vasoconstriction; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D005340:Fibrinogen