[Cancer immunotherapy with CpG-ODN].
Bacterial DNA and synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides containing CpG motifs (CpG-ODN) are the ligands for the Toll-like receptor 9 (TLR9), which is expressed by B-lymphocytes and a subset of dendritic cells. CpG-ODN are strong activators of both innate and specific immunity, and drive the immune response towards the Th1 phenotype. Given the promising results obtained in several experimental models of allergies or infections, CpG-ODN are now entering clinical trials for these diseases. In cancer, promising approaches combined CpG-ODN with tumor antigens, monoclonal antibodies or dendritic cells. When no relevant tumor antigen is known, CpG-ODN can be used alone to activate locally the innate immunity and trigger a tumor-specific immune response, overcoming the need for the identification of a tumoral antigen. Preclinical models have shown impressive results and several clinical trials are on-going worldwide in melanoma, lymphoma, renal carcinoma, breast cancer and glioblastoma.
Carpentier
Antoine F
AF
Fédération de Neurologie Mazarin et Inserm U.495, Hôpital de la Salpêtrière, 47, boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75651 Paris Cedex 13, France. antoine.carpentier@psl.ap-hop-paris.fr
D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000502:physiology; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors
D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009841:Oligonucleotides; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C495371:TLR9 protein, human; D051217:Toll-Like Receptor 9; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors