title: Statin therapy, LDL cholesterol, C-reactive protein, and coronary artery disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent trials have demonstrated better outcomes with intensive than with moderate statin treatment. Intensive treatment produced greater reductions in both low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and C-reactive protein (CRP), suggesting a relationship between these two biomarkers and disease progression.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed intravascular ultrasonography in 502 patients with angiographically documented coronary disease. Patients were randomly assigned to receive moderate treatment (40 mg of pravastatin orally per day) or intensive treatment (80 mg of atorvastatin orally per day). Ultrasonography was repeated after 18 months to measure the progression of atherosclerosis. Lipoprotein and CRP levels were measured at baseline and follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the group as a whole, the mean LDL cholesterol level was reduced from 150.2 mg per deciliter (3.88 mmol per liter) at baseline to 94.5 mg per deciliter (2.44 mmol per liter) at 18 months (P<0.001), and the geometric mean CRP level decreased from 2.9 to 2.3 mg per liter (P<0.001). The correlation between the reduction in LDL cholesterol levels and that in CRP levels was weak but significant in the group as a whole (r=0.13, P=0.005), but not in either treatment group alone. In univariate analyses, the percent change in the levels of LDL cholesterol, CRP, apolipoprotein B-100, and non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol were related to the rate of progression of atherosclerosis. After adjustment for the reduction in these lipid levels, the decrease in CRP levels was independently and significantly correlated with the rate of progression. Patients with reductions in both LDL cholesterol and CRP that were greater than the median had significantly slower rates of progression than patients with reductions in both biomarkers that were less than the median (P=0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For patients with coronary artery disease, the reduced rate of progression of atherosclerosis associated with intensive statin treatment, as compared with moderate statin treatment, is significantly related to greater reductions in the levels of both atherogenic lipoproteins and CRP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. nissens@ccf.org
authors.forename: Steven E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Nissen
authors.forename: E Murat
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Tuzcu
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schoenhagen
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Crowe
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Sasiela
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Orazem
authors.forename: Raymond D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Magorien
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: O'Shaughnessy
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ganz
mesh_terms: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069059:Atorvastatin; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood* / Q000187:drug effects; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006538:Heptanoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000517:prevention & control; D017035:Pravastatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011758:Pyrroles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional
chemical_list: D000924:Anticholesteremic Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D006538:Heptanoic Acids; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D008055:Lipids; D011758:Pyrroles; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D000069059:Atorvastatin; D017035:Pravastatin