title: In vivo and in situ detection of colorectal cancer using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Real-time and rapid identification of the malignant tissue can be performed during or before surgical operation. Here we aimed to detect in vivo and in situ colorectal cancer by using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy and fiber-optic technology.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of five patients with large intestine cancer were detected in vivo and in situ. Of them, three cases of colon cancer and one case of cecum cancer were detected intraoperatively and in vivo by using a FTIR spectrometer during surgical operation, and one case of rectum cancer was explored non-invasively and in vivo before the surgical operation. Normal and malignant colorectal tissues were detected in vivo and in situ using FTIR spectroscopy on the basis of fundamental studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant differences between FTIR spectra of normal and malignant colorectal tissues detected in vivo and in situ. Experimental results revealed that the spectral characteristics of normal and malignant tissues found in vivo and in situ were similar to those obtained from in vitro measurement in our previous fundamental research.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FTIR fiber-optic attenuated total reflectance (ATR) spectroscopy can identify in situ and in vivo colorectal cancer. FTIR spectroscopic method with fiber optics is a non-invasive, rapid, accurate and in vivo cancer detection technique in clinical diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Rare Earth Materials Chemistry and Applications, College of Chemistry and Molecular Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China.
authors.forename: Qing-Bo
authors.initials: QB
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Neng-Wei
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Li-Min
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jian-Sheng
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Su
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yuan-Fu
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xiao-Si
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Jing-Sen
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Jin-Guang
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002430:Cecal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D055100:Optical Fibers; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared