title: Characteristics and physiological functions of polyphenols from apples.
abstract: Apples contain many kinds of polyphenols, and the main components are oligomeric procyanidins. Applephenon is apple polyphenol extract produced commercially from unripe apples, and has been used as food additive in order to prevent oxidation of components in foods and its application in functional foods is expected. In a lipid metabolism regulation study, administration of Applephenon has the potential to exert strong anti-oxidative activity and to inhibit consumption of vitamin E and anti-oxidative enzymes. Double blind clinical trials of Applephenon on pediatric patients with atopic dermatitis, and tests using type I allergic model mice suggested that Applephenon might regulate allergic reactions. We found the no observed adverse effect level (NOAEL) of Applephenon is greater than 2000 mg/kg in a 90~day consecutive oral administration toxicity test in rats, and Applephenon is safe and acceptable based on mutagenicity tests.
authors.affiliation: Fundamental Research Laboratory, Asahi Breweries, Ltd., 1-21, Midori 1-chome, Moriya-shi, Ibaraki 302-0106, Japan. yoko.akazome@asahibeer.co.jp
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akazome
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants; D002648:Child; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D005503:Food Additives; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D027845:Malus; D051379:Mice; D010636:Phenols / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D059808:Polyphenols
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D005503:Food Additives; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols