title: [Immunological effects of polyacrylamide hydrogel injection in human body].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To observe the immunologic changes in patients who have complications after polyacrylamide hydrogel (HPG) injection.
  
  
  METHODS
  To compare the patients in the HPG injection group and the control group, the expressions of immunoglobulin IgG, IgM, IgA and complement C3, C4 of serum were measured by immunoturbidimetry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expressions of IgG and C3 in the injection group were lower than the control group with extremely significant difference (P < 0.01). The expressions of IgM were higher than the control group with significant difference (P < 0.05). The expression of IgA and C4 had no significant differences between the two groups. The immunologic changes had no relation to the injection doses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical application of HPG as a soft tissue filling material may cause foreign-body rejection reaction. The long-term immunologic effect of HPG needs further observation in more cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Union Hospital, TongJi Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-ling
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Chuan-xun
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Yi-ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yi-ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yu-rong
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Wei-wei
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000328:Adult; D001940:Breast / Q000601:surgery; D003176:Complement C3 / Q000032:analysis; D003181:Complement C4 / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009391:Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D003176:Complement C3; D003181:Complement C4; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; C016680:polyacrylamide gels