title: Hospitalization and death associated with potentially inappropriate medication prescriptions among elderly nursing home residents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study examines the association of potentially inappropriate medication prescribing (PIRx) with hospitalization and death among elderly long-stay nursing home residents.
  
  
  METHODS
  We defined PIRx using the combined version of the Beers criteria. Data were from the 1996 Medical Expenditure Panel Survey Nursing Home Component. The study sample included 3372 residents, 65 years and older, who had nursing home stays of 3 consecutive months or longer in 1996. We performed multivariate logistic regression analyses of longitudinal data using generalized estimating equations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Residents who received any PIRx had greater odds (odds ratio [OR], 1.27; P = .002) of being hospitalized in the following month than those receiving no PIRx. Residents with PIRx exposure for 2 consecutive months were at increased risk (OR, 1.27; P = .004) of hospitalization, as were those receiving PIRx in the second month only (OR, 1.80; P = .001), compared with those receiving no PIRx. Residents who received PIRx were at greater risk of death (OR, 1.28; P = .01) that month or the next. Residents with intermittent PIRx exposures were at greater odds of death (OR, 1.89; P<.001), compared with those with no PIRx exposure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The association of PIRx with subsequent adverse outcomes (hospitalization and death) provides new evidence of the importance of improving prescribing practices in the nursing home setting.
authors.affiliation: Buehler Center on Aging, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. d-lau@northwestern.edu
authors.forename: Denys T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.forename: Judith D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Kasper
authors.forename: D E B
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Potter
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lyles
authors.forename: Richard G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Bennett
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D011307:Drug Prescriptions / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006707:Homes for the Aged / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008508:Medication Errors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D009735:Nursing Homes / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010343:Patient Admission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology