title: Olanzapine treatment of residual positive and negative symptoms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Olanzapine has been hypothesized to have superior efficacy in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. The authors examined the comparative efficacy and safety of olanzapine and haloperidol in outpatients with partially responsive schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-three outpatients with schizophrenia who met retrospective and prospective criteria for either residual positive or residual negative symptoms entered a 16-week double-blind, parallel-groups comparison of olanzapine and haloperidol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences between the two drugs in their effect on positive or negative symptoms. There were no significant differences between the two treatment groups on measures of social and functional outcome. Olanzapine-treated patients had a significant reduction in extrapyramidal symptoms and subjective measures of stiffness and dry mouth, but the increases in systolic blood pressure and weight in olanzapine-treated patients were significantly greater than they were in haloperidol-treated patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Olanzapine has limited differential benefit for either positive or negative symptoms in patients with treatment-resistant schizophrenia. Although olanzapine is associated with fewer extrapyramidal symptoms, other side effects may offset this benefit.
authors.affiliation: Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, Department of Psychiatry, University of Maryland, Baltimore 21228, USA. rwbuchanan@mprc.umaryland.edu
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Buchanan
authors.forename: M Patricia
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Weiner
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kirkpatrick
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gold
authors.forename: Robert P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: McMahon
authors.forename: William T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Carpenter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001480:Basal Ganglia Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000139:chemically induced; D000077152:Olanzapine; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D006220:Haloperidol; D000077152:Olanzapine