title: Effect of Annona senegalensis rootbark extracts on Naja nigricotlis nigricotlis venom in rats.
abstract: Annona senegalensis Pers (family: Annonaceae) is used traditionally in Nigeria to treat victims of snakebite. The potency of the methanol extract of the root bark of the plant was tested against cobra (Naja nigricotlis nigricotlis Wetch) venom in rats. The extract was also tested on brine shrimp (Artemia saline Leach). The activity of the extract against the venom induced mortality, occurrence of toxic signs, activity on liver enzymes as well as its ability to reverse experimentally induced increase in body temperature were evaluated. Results indicated that the extract caused reduction in the induced hyperthermia and directly detoxified the snake venom used by 16-33%. It, however, failed to restore the biochemical functions (sGOT and sGPT) of the liver. The extract exhibited an LC(50) of 232.7 microg/ml in the brine shrimp test.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute for Pharmaceutical Research and Development (NIPRD), PMB 21 Abuja, Nigeria. bulusadzu@yahoo.com
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Adzu
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Abubakar
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Izebe
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Akumka
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Gamaniel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D031041:Annona; D001156:Artemia; D001681:Biological Assay; D001831:Body Temperature / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004546:Elapid Venoms / Q000506:poisoning*; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000188:drug therapy; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008517:Phytotherapy; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000737:chemistry; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000737:chemistry; D011041:Poisoning / Q000188:drug therapy; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D004546:Elapid Venoms; D010936:Plant Extracts