title: A case of transient left ventricular apical ballooning. A condition simulating an acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: Transient left ventricular apical ballooning, sometimes associated with intraventricular pressure gradient, is a condition simulating an acute myocardial infarction and may occur in patients presenting with chest pain, electrocardiographic changes and minimal myocardial enzyme release typically without coronary angiographic stenosis. It was originally described in the Japanese population and is often associated with cerebrovascular accidents, surgical procedures and emotional and physical stress. We report the case of a 65-year-old woman presenting with chest pain typical of myocardial ischemia, dyspnea, electrocardiographic abnormalities and signs of hemodynamic instability, occurring after a severe emotional stress. Echocardiography and contrast ventriculography showed normokinesis confined to the basal segments of the left ventricle, with a markedly decreased ejection fraction. Scintigraphy was suggestive of a large perfusion defect. The electrocardiographic abnormalities and dyskinesis persisted for many hours. Coronary angiography, performed in the acute phase, was completely normal. Five months later, the functional and electrocardiographic abnormalities had totally disappeared.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, University of Insubria, Circolo Hospital and Macchi Foundation, Varese, Italy. fabrimora@libero.it
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Morandi
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bartesaghi
authors.forename: Melania
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Romano
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Albonico
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Provasoli
authors.forename: Jorge A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Salerno-Uriarte
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002637:Chest Pain; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications; D013577:Syndrome; D013997:Time Factors; D014463:Ultrasonography; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D017725:Ventricular Pressure