title: Brain stem glioblastoma with multiple large cyst formation and leptomeningeal dissemination in a 4-year-old girl.
abstract: The authors report a 4-year-old girl who developed brain stem glioblastoma. Meningeal irritation was present at onset. Magnetic resonance imaging revealed intracranial and intraspinal leptomeningeal dissemination, which progressed faster than the original tumor. Multiple large cysts developed at the interhemispheric and prepontine cisterns, resulting in progressive obstructive hydrocephalus. The patient survived only 5 months after presentation. Histology was verified by autopsy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Shimane University Faculty of Medicine, 89-1 Enya-cho, Izumo, Shimane, 693-8501, Japan. rkana1@med.shimane-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kanai
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tasaka
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sejima
authors.forename: Nobue
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Akinobu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.forename: Toshiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
mesh_terms: D001099:Arachnoid / Q000473:pathology; D016080:Arachnoid Cysts / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D020295:Brain Stem Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000556:secondary*; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary*; D010841:Pia Mater / Q000473:pathology; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology; D013346:Subarachnoid Space / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology