title: Effects of an oral contraceptive containing drospirenone on bone turnover and bone mineral density.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of a new 21-day combined oral contraceptive containing 30 microg ethinyl/estradiol plus 3 mg drospirenone with a 21-day preparation containing 30 microg ethinyl/estradiol plus 75 microg gestodene on bone turnover and bone mineral density in young fertile women.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomized, controlled trial was conducted with healthy fertile women treated with 30 microg ethinyl/estradiol plus 3 mg drospirenone (group A; n = 24), 30 microg ethinyl/estradiol plus 75 microg gestodene (group B; n = 24) and healthy controls (group C, n = 23). At 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of the study, serum and urinary calcium, osteocalcin, urinary pyridinoline, and deoxypyridinoline were measured. At baseline and after 12 months, lumbar bone mineral density was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In groups A and B, urinary pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline at 6, 9, and 12 months were significantly reduced in comparison with basal values and group C (P < .05). Pyridinoline and deoxypyridinoline levels were lower in group A than in group B throughout the study, but not significantly. In group A serum calcium levels were significantly increased after 6 months. At 12 months, no significant difference was detected in lumbar bone mineral density values among the 3 groups and in comparison with basal values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both combined oral contraceptives exert a similar positive influence on bone turnover and bone-sparing effect in young postadolescent women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, and Pathophysiology of Human Reproduction, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Carmine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nappi
authors.forename: Attilio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Spiezio Sardo
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Greco
authors.forename: Giovanni A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Tommaselli
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giordano
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guida
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000652:urine; D000736:Androstenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects*; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003280:Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic / Q000494:pharmacology; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009652:Norpregnenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood; D045167:Progesterone Congeners / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D000736:Androstenes; D003277:Contraceptives, Oral, Combined; D003280:Contraceptives, Oral, Synthetic; D009652:Norpregnenes; D045167:Progesterone Congeners; D015675:Osteocalcin; C033273:Gestodene; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; C015484:pyridinoline; C036020:deoxypyridinoline; C035144:drospirenone; D002118:Calcium