title: A 3-arm study of early loading of rough-surfaced implants in the completely edentulous maxilla and in the edentulous posterior maxilla and mandible: results after 1 year of loading.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present prospective study was to evaluate the concept of early loading of rough-surfaced implants in the completely edentulous maxilla and in the edentulous posterior mandible and maxilla.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-four consecutive patients were treated. Twenty patients were completely edentulous in the maxilla (group A), 19 patients were edentulous in the posterior left and/or right maxilla (group B), and 15 patients were edentulous in the posterior left and/or right mandible (group C). One patient in group B and 5 in group C were bilaterally treated. Two hundred thirty-four solid screw-type, sandblasted, large-grit, acid-etched (SLA) ITI implants were placed, 58 (25%) immediately after tooth extraction. Mean placement torque and standard deviations were measured at all sites. Sixty fixed prostheses were delivered after a mean delay of 9 days (range, 4 to 22 days). Mean marginal bone reduction was measured after 1 year of loading.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two implants were lost (0.9%), 1 before functional loading and 1 after 1 year. All other implants were clinically stable, with a mean marginal bone loss of 0.75 mm (+/-1.3 mm). Marginal bone loss ranged from 0 to 3.5 mm. Mean placement torque on implants placed in healed bone or immediately after tooth extraction ranged from 29.1+/-9.3 Ncm to 35.5+/-5.8 Ncm. No statistical difference was found (P > .05) between implants placed in healed bone and those placed immediately after tooth extraction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is little documentation for immediate or early loading in the areas studied. However, in this study, favorable results were obtained in 54 consecutive patients in these regions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study population, early loading protocols can be applied with predictable results using rough-surfaced implants for rehabilitation of the completely edentulous maxilla, posterior maxilla, and posterior mandible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery, Sophiahemmet Private Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nordin
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frykholm
authors.forename: Mats
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hallman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007575:Jaw, Edentulous / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D007576:Jaw, Edentulous, Partially / Q000534:rehabilitation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010516:Periodontal Splints; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011859:Radiography; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013499:Surface Properties; D019415:Torque
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants