title: Thermal stability and structure of cancellous bone mineral from the femoral head of patients with osteoarthritis or osteoporosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cancellous bone from patients with osteoarthritis (OA) has been reported to be undermineralised and that from patients with osteoporosis (OP) is more liable to fracture. Changes in the mineral component might be implicated in these processes.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the thermal stability and the mineral structure of cancellous bone from femoral heads of patients with either OA or OP.
  
  
  METHODS
  Powdered bone was prepared from femoral heads of patients with either OA or OP and a control group. Composition and thermal stability were determined using a thermogravimetric analyser coupled to a mass spectrometer. Unit cell dimensions and the crystallite size of the mineral were measured using x ray diffraction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thermal stability of the bone matrix, or of the mineral phase alone, was little altered by disease, though OA bone contained less mineral than OP or control bone. In all three groups, x ray diffraction showed that the mineral unit cell dimensions and crystallite sizes were the same. The mean carbonate content in the mineral from all three groups was between 7.2 and 7.6% and is suggested to be located in both the A site (that is, substituting for hydroxyl groups), and the B site (that is, substituting for phosphate groups).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results confirm that there is a lower mass fraction of mineral in OA bone, and indicate that the nature of the mineral is not a factor in either disease process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Foresterhill, Aberdeen AB25 2ZD, Scotland, UK.
authors.forename: L D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Mkukuma
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Imrie
authors.forename: J M S
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Skakle
authors.forename: D W L
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Hukins
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Aspden
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002254:Carbonates / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005270:Femur Head / Q000737:chemistry*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis*; D015207:Osteoarthritis, Hip / Q000378:metabolism*; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000378:metabolism*; D013818:Thermogravimetry / Q000379:methods; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D002254:Carbonates; D008903:Minerals