title: [Cellular phone dependence tendency of female university students].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the reliability and validity of a cellular phone dependence questionnaire (CPDQ) we designed.
  
  
  METHODS
  The CPDQ, a 20-item self-rated scale, was given to 168 healthy female university students (mean age, 21.7 years). Each question uses a 0 to 3 response scale; a higher score indicates greater dependence. The reliability and validity of the CPDQ were assessed by an internal consistency estimate and a factor analysis, respectively. Question scores were then summed to provide a cellular phone dependence score ranging from 0 to 60.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The reliability coefficient (Cronbach's alpha) for the CPDQ was 0.86. In addition, six significant factors were extracted by factor analysis for the 20 items of the CPDQ. The cellular phone dependence score showed a normal distribution (Kolmogorov-Smirnov's test), and the average (+/- SD) was 33.2 +/- 8.7.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the CPDQ is a useful scale for rating cellular phone dependence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toda
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Monden
authors.forename: Kazuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kubo
authors.forename: Kanehisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morimoto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D040421:Cell Phone; D003858:Dependency, Psychological; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires