title: HIV-1 genotype resistance pattern and evolution in patients failing nelfinavir-containing regimens.
abstract: Clinical and in vitro studies have suggested that nelfinavir (NFV)-containing regimens may not preclude the use of other protease inhibitors (PIs) in treatment sequencing. We have studied the prevalence of 30N mutation in a human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1)-infected cohort and the virological response to a PI-containing regimen in patients who had previously failed NFV. A total of 335 patients were included in the study; 32 of them were antiretroviral-naive and 303 were antiretroviral-experienced (251 were PI-experienced). Mutations 30N and/or 90M were not detected in sequences obtained either from the antiretroviral naive or non-PI-experienced patients. The 30N mutation was detected in 21/251 (8.3%) of PI-experienced patients and 90M in 103/251 (41%). Moreover, we have observed that the 88D and 77I mutations were present in more than 75% of patients harbouring the 30N HIV-1 variant and the 71T mutation was present in almost 50% of them. Finally, mutations 30N+90M were never detected together in the same HIV-1 strain. The 30N and 90M mutations were not observed together. The presence of mutations at positions 36, 46, 71, 77, and/or 88 in a 30N background, increases the risk of the cross-resistance to other PIs. The use of NFV as a first-line PI, as an application of drug sequencing strategies, may help preserve future PI options.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Infectious and Tropical Diseases, Spedali Civili of Brescia, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. Kaeniaquiros@hotmail.com
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Quiros-Roldan
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Moretti
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Torti
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tirelli
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Casari
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Carosi
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D019888:Nelfinavir / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D019888:Nelfinavir