Effect of anti-oxidant (carvedilol and probucol) loaded stents in a porcine coronary restenosis model.
BACKGROUND
The long-term clinical efficacy of intracoronary stenting is limited by restenosis and delivery by the stent of agents inhibiting cell cycle progression should prevent in-stent neointimal hyperplasia. Carvedilol is an antioxidant that inhibits smooth muscle cell proliferation and migration, whereas probucol is a vascular protectant and reduces stent restenosis by improving the lumen dimension at the stent placement site.


RESULTS
BiodivYsio phosphorylcholine-coated stents were dip-coated with carvedilol (5 mg/ml) or probucol (50 mg/ml) by immersion in respective methanol solutions. Twenty-four stents (carvedilol=8, probucol=8, control=8) were placed in 12 pigs and histopathologic analysis was done 4 weeks later. Histomorphometry of the carvedilol-coated stent group compared with the control groups showed that the neointimal area decreased by 42% (1.12+/-0.55 mm2 in the carvedilol group vs 1.92+/-0.52 mm2 in the control, p=0.004) and the lumen area increased by 20% (5.15+/-0.90 mm2 vs 4.17+/-0.87 mm2, p=0.008), resulting in a 43% reduction of the percent area stenosis (18.22+/-9.6% vs 31.9+/-9.2%, p=0.002). In the probucol-coated stent group, the lumen area, neointimal area, and %area stenosis did not different significantly from the control group. There were 7.7+/-2.97% proliferating nuclear cell antigen-positive cells in the carvedilol-coated stent group compared with 17.8+/-1.45% in the control group (p=0.0001) and 15.9+/-1.91% in the probucol group (vs control, p=NS).


CONCLUSIONS
The carvedilol-coated stent, but not the probucol-coated one, inhibited neointimal hyperplasia in a porcine stent restenosis model.
Kim
Weon
W
Heart Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.
Jeong
Myung Ho
MH
Cha
Kwang Soo
KS
Hyun
Dae Woo
DW
Hur
Seung Ho
SH
Kim
Kwon Bae
KB
Hong
Young Joon
YJ
Park
Hyung Wook
HW
Kim
Ju Han
JH
Ahn
Young Keun
YK
Kim
Moo Hyun
MH
Cho
Jeong Gwan
JG
Park
Jong Tae
JT
Park
Jong Chun
JC
Kang
Jung Chaee
JC
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077261:Carvedilol; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D011341:Probucol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013552:Swine
D000975:Antioxidants; D002227:Carbazoles; D011412:Propanolamines; D000077261:Carvedilol; D011341:Probucol