title: Use of matrix population models to estimate the efficacy of euthanasia versus trap-neuter-return for management of free-roaming cats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of trap-neuter-return and trap-euthanatize management strategies for controlling urban free-roaming cat populations by use of matrix population models.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Estimates of free-roaming cat populations in urban environments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from the literature describing the biology of free-roaming cat populations in urban environments were gathered. A matrix population model was developed with a range of high and low survival and fecundity values and all combinations of those values. The response of population growth rate to a range of management actions was assessed with an elasticity analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All possible combinations of survival and fecundity values of free-roaming cats led to predictions of rapid, exponential population growth. The model predicted effective cat population control by use of annual euthanasia of > or = 50% of the population or by annual neutering of > 75% of the fertile population. Elasticity analyses revealed that the modeled population was most susceptible to control through euthanasia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Free-roaming cat populations have a high intrinsic growth rate, and euthanasia is estimated to be more effective at reducing cat populations than trap-neuter-return programs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Fishery and Wildlife Sciences, New Mexico State University, Las Cruces, NM 88003-0003, USA.
authors.forename: Mark C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Andersen
authors.forename: Brent J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Gary W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Roemer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild; D002369:Castration / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D002415:Cats / Q000502:physiology / Q000601:surgery*; D037901:Euthanasia, Animal; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D011155:Population Control / Q000379:methods*; D011157:Population Dynamics; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis