title: The surgical management of incidental gallbladder carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the surgical management of carcinoma of the gallbladder.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study in 65 patients who underwent simple (SC) or extended (EC) cholecystectomy for gallbladder carcinoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  28 patients underwent extended cholecystectomy (EC) and 37 had simple cholecystectomy (SC). The multivariate analysis showed that lymph-node status (positive vs negative, p=0.001, Hazard Ratio [HR]:14.2, 95% Confidence Interval [CI]:3.1-62.8) and type of surgery (SC vs EC, p=0.01, HR:10.2, 95% CI:1.7-62.8) were the most important prognostic factors related to death. This analysis indicated that EC in those with pT(2) or pT(3) was associated with a reduce hazard of death by 90% in the follow-up period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In gallbladder cancer patients who diagnose after simple cholecystectomy, those with pT(1) with clear margins need no further surgery. In patients with pT(2) or pT(3) incidental carcinoma, the completion radical re-operation is the only chance for long-term survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Ankara Oncology Teaching and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. yildirimemin@yahoo.com
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yildirim
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Celen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gulben
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Berberoglu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002763:Cholecystectomy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome