title: Menin and MLL cooperatively regulate expression of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors.
abstract: Mutations in the MEN1 gene are associated with the multiple endocrine neoplasia syndrome type 1 (MEN1), which is characterized by parathyroid hyperplasia and tumors of the pituitary and pancreatic islets. The mechanism by which MEN1 acts as a tumor suppressor is unclear. We have recently shown that menin, the MEN1 protein product, interacts with mixed lineage leukemia (MLL) family proteins in a histone methyltransferase complex including Ash2, Rbbp5, and WDR5. Here, we show that menin directly regulates expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors p27Kip1 and p18Ink4c. Menin activates transcription by means of a mechanism involving recruitment of MLL to the p27Kip1 and p18Ink4c promoters and coding regions. Loss of function of either MLL or menin results in down-regulation of p27Kip1 and p18Ink4c expression and deregulated cell growth. These findings suggest that regulation of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor transcription by cooperative interaction between menin and MLL plays a central role in menin's activity as a tumor suppressor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Milne
authors.forename: Christina M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lloyd
authors.forename: Zhaohai
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Orit
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Rozenblatt-Rosen
authors.forename: Yali
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dou
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Schnepp
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Krankel
authors.forename: Virginia A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Livolsi
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gibbs
authors.forename: Xianxin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.forename: Robert G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Roeder
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meyerson
authors.forename: Jay L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hess
mesh_terms: D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D050763:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p18; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051788:Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D011519:Proto-Oncogenes / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D014162:Transfection; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C436291:CDKN1B protein, human; C493971:CDKN2C protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D050763:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p18; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C497422:KMT2A protein, human; C105373:MEN1 protein, human; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D051788:Myeloid-Lymphoid Leukemia Protein; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases