title: Nanocrystal-based bioelectronic coding of single nucleotide polymorphisms.
abstract: A bioelectronic method for coding unknown single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) based on the use of different encoding nanocrystals is described. Four such nanocrystals, ZnS, CdS, PbS, and CuS, linked to the adenosine, cytidine, guanosine and thymidine mononucleotides, respectively, are sequentially introduced to the DNA hybrid-coated magnetic-bead solution. Each mutation captures via base pairing different nanocrystal-mononucleotide conjugates, and yields a characteristic multipotential voltammogram, whose peak potentials reflect the identity of the mismatch. The mismatch recognition events are being amplified by the metal accumulation feature of the stripping voltammetric transduction mode. Each of the eight possible one-base mismatches can thus be identified in a single voltammetric run. The use of nanocrystal tracers for detecting two known mutations in a single DNA target is also illustrated in connection to nanocrystals linked to two nucleotides along with a single voltammetric run. The protocol presented should facilitate the rapid, simple, low-cost, and high throughput screening for SNPs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, Biodesign Institute, Arizona State University, Tempe, Arizona 85287-6006, USA.
authors.forename: Guodong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Thomas M H
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D020137:Base Pair Mismatch; D019187:Cadmium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry; D003543:Cysteamine / Q000737:chemistry; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004563:Electrochemistry; D007854:Lead / Q000737:chemistry; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry*; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry*; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011685:Purine Nucleotides / Q000737:chemistry*; D011742:Pyrimidine Nucleotides / Q000737:chemistry*; D013440:Sulfides / Q000737:chemistry*; D017967:Zinc Compounds / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D019187:Cadmium Compounds; D008670:Metals; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D011685:Purine Nucleotides; D011742:Pyrimidine Nucleotides; D013440:Sulfides; D017967:Zinc Compounds; C434331:phosphoramidite; C034939:cadmium sulfide; C018391:lead sulfide; D007854:Lead; D003543:Cysteamine; D003300:Copper; D004247:DNA; C031238:zinc sulfide