title: A retrospective observational study of the effect of surface treatments and cementing media on the durability of gold palatal veneers.
abstract: This paper reports on the results of a retrospective observational study that sought to determine both the longevity and effects of surface treatments of gold palatal veneers used to restore tooth surface loss. Details of all gold palatal veneers fabricated from Mattident 60 were sourced from hospital records spanning 11 years and 9 months. The case notes of each individual were accessed and, for each restoration, a note was made of the date and method of cementation, together with the period of patient follow-up. When patients continued their routine checkups, the records were scrutinized closely for evidence of restoration failure. This yielded a data set of 151 palatal gold veneer cementations for which the surface treatments and/or cementing media were known. Survival analysis by the Kaplan-Meier method of alumina blasted veneers revealed median survival times of 4,663 days when cemented with Panavia 21 and 687 days if cemented with Aquacem. Veneers that were alumina blasted, oxidized and cemented with Panavia 21 had a survival probability of 1.0. A Logrank test revealed highly statistically significant differences between the survival curves (p<0.0001). It was concluded that: (1) Alumina blasting the fit surface of a gold veneer prior to cementation with Panavia 21 resulted in a significantly more durable restoration compared to alumina blasting and cementation with Aquacem and no etching of tooth substance. (2) Due to low MST cementing, gold palatal veneers with a conventional glass polyalkenoate cement are not recommended. (3) Pre-treatment of gold palatal veneers by alumina blasting and oxidation prior to cementing with Panavia 21 appears to improve the chances of obtaining a dependable restoration. A greater number of restorations would be required to statistically test this trend.
authors.affiliation: The Dental Hospital and School, Dundee, UK. r.g.chadwick@dundee.ac.uk
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Chadwick
authors.forename: K I
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Linklater
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D020906:Air Abrasion, Dental; D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D002484:Cementation / Q000379:methods*; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D003801:Dental Veneers; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D006047:Gold Alloys / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010159:Palate; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013499:Surface Properties; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D003738:Dental Cements; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D006047:Gold Alloys; C093719:Panavia TPN-S; D010710:Phosphates; D019279:Resin Cements; C045751:Aqua-cem; D000537:Aluminum Oxide