title: Effects of mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate on the respiratory tract in BALB/c mice.
abstract: Airborne mono-2-ethylhexyl phthalate (MEHP) was studied for acute airway effects using a bioassay with BALB/c mice. Concentration- and time-dependent effects were obtained by continuous monitoring of the breathing pattern during exposure to 0.3-43.6 mg/m3 MEHP for 60 min. Additionally, inflammatory effects of MEHP were studied from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid. MEHP showed no upper airway irritating effect. Lower airway irritation was apparent from a concentration-dependent decrease in tidal volume (shallow respiration) with a no-observed effect level (NOEL) of 0.3 mg/m3. The respiratory rate reached a maximum at about 8 mg/m3, demonstrating a rapid shallow breathing pattern. At concentrations above 4.9 mg/m3, the time of pause, another marker of lung irritation, increased concentration-dependently, resulting in a decrease in respiratory rate at high exposure levels. BAL fluid obtained from 0 to 72 hours after a 60 min exposure to 30 mg/m3 MEHP showed that the number of macrophage reached maximum about 16 hours after exposure. The NOEL was 1.7 mg/m3. BAL content of neutrophils, lymphocytes, eosinophils and epithelial cells was normal after exposure to 30 or 1.7 mg/m3 MEHP. Based on worst case inhalation scenario in the general population, no airway irritation is expected from non-occupational levels of MEHP originating from DEHP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Working Environment, National Institute of Occupational Health, Lersø Parkallé 105, DK-2100 Copenhagen O, Denmark. stl@ami.dk
authors.forename: S Thor
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Larsen
authors.forename: J Stilund
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hammer
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Alarie
authors.forename: G Damgård
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Nielsen
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D004051:Diethylhexyl Phthalate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D007509:Irritants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D019055:No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests
chemical_list: D007509:Irritants; D004051:Diethylhexyl Phthalate; C016599:mono-(2-ethylhexyl)phthalate