title: Rapid and highly sensitive electrochemical determination of alkaline phosphatase using a composite tyrosinase biosensor.
abstract: The use of an amperometric graphite-Teflon composite tyrosinase biosensor for the rapid monitoring of alkaline phosphatase (ALP), with no need of an incubation step and using phenyl phosphate as the substrate, is reported. Phenol generated by the action of ALP is monitored at the tyrosinase composite electrode through the electrochemical reduction of the o-quinone produced to catechol, which produces a cycle between the tyrosinase substrate and the electroactive product, giving rise to the amplification of the biosensor response and to the sensitive detection of ALP. The current was measured at -0.10 V 5 min after the addition of ALP. As a compromise between high ALP activity and high sensitivity for the detection of phenol, a pH of 8.5 was chosen. The substrate concentration was also optimized. A linear calibration plot was obtained for ALP between 2.0 x 10(-13) and 2.5 x 10(-11), with a detection limit of 6.7 x 10(-14) M. Different types of milk were analyzed with good results, using an extremely simple and rapid procedure.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, University of Cambridge, Tennis Court Road, Cambridge CB2 1QT, UK.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Serra
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Morales
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Reviejo
authors.forename: E H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pingarrón
mesh_terms: D000363:Agaricales / Q000201:enzymology; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002417:Cattle; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004566:Electrodes; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008892:Milk / Q000201:enzymology; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000032:analysis*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase