title: Subcutaneous nephrovesical and nephrocutaneous bypass.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the effectiveness of the subcutaneous bypass for ureteral obstruction in patients with advanced malignancies. Two versions of the minimally invasive technique were performed: nephrovesical and nephrocutaneous bypass.
  
  
  METHODS
  A specially designed composite implant consisting of an inner smooth silicone-covered tube covered by a coiled e-PTFE-tube was used in 14 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  10 subcutaneous nephrovesical bypasses were inserted in 10 patients, 8 nephrocutaneous bypasses in 4 patients. During the mean follow-up period of 13.1 months complications were observed in 2 patients with nephrocutaneous bypass, one encrustation and one infection of the bypass system.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The subcutaneous nephrovesical and nephrocutaneous bypass is a safe alternative for palliative treatment of ureteral obstruction caused by pelvic malignancy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Martin-Luther-University, Halle-Wittenberg, Germany.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jurczok
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Loertzer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fornara
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections; D007668:Kidney / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery*; D014547:Urinary Diversion / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*