title: [Predictive value of coagulative molecular markers for thromboembolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation: prospective five-year follow-up study].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Nonvalvular atrial fibrillation is a known risk factor for thromboembolism. This study investigated the use of coagulation markers to predict thromboembolism in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred thirty nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients (104 males, 26 females, mean age 63.7 +/- 10.7 years) treated at the Sendai Cardiovascular Center from April 1996 to August 1997 were enrolled in this study. Coagulation markers such as prothrombin fragment 1 + 2, thrombin-antithrombin III complex and D-dimer were measured, and the patients were followed up prospectively to October 2001.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred and twenty-six patents (100 males, 26 females, chase rate 96.9%) were included in this investigation based on the medical chart and telephone interview. During five-year follow-up, 16 patients had thromboembolism accidents (3.25%/year) and two were suspected to die of thromboembolism. Three patients died of malignant disease, four of heart disease, and five of other diseases. Eight (25.8%) of the 31 patients with high levels of thrombin-antithrombin III complex and 6 (33.3%) of 18 patients with high levels of D-dimer suffered thromboembolism accidents. High thrombin-antithrombin III complex and D-dimer were statistically positive predictive markers for thromboembolism in patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coagulation markers such as thrombin-antithrombin III complex and D-dimer can predict thromboembolism accidents in nonvalvular atrial fibrillation patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Heart Center, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo. qa3k-ent@asahi-net.or.jp
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Enta
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwade
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aosaki
authors.forename: Tatsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kasanuki
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000990:Antithrombin III; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000150:complications*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000032:analysis; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood*; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000097:blood*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011516:Prothrombin; D012307:Risk Factors; D013923:Thromboembolism / Q000175:diagnosis*; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000150:complications
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C046193:antithrombin III-protease complex; C036309:fibrin fragment D; C045879:prothrombin fragment 1.2; D000990:Antithrombin III; D011516:Prothrombin; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases