title: Osteogenic differentiation of rat bone marrow stromal cells cultured on Arg-Gly-Asp modified hydrogels without dexamethasone and beta-glycerol phosphate.
abstract: In this study, we investigated the effect of signaling peptides incorporated into oligo(poly(ethylene glycol) fumarate) (OPF) hydrogels on in vitro differentiation and mineralization of marrow stromal cells (MSCs) cultured in media without soluble osteogenic supplements (dexamethasone and beta-glycerol phosphate). When MSCs were cultured for 16 days on OPF hydrogels modified with Arg-Gly-Asp (RGD) containing peptides, the normalized cell number was dependent on the peptide concentration between days 0 and 5 and reached comparable values at day 10 regardless of the concentration. The alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity of MSCs on the peptide-modified OPF hydrogels was also concentration-dependent: ALP activity showed peaks on day 10 or day 13 on OPF hydrogels modified with 2.0 and 1.0 micromol peptide/g, which were significantly greater than those on the OPF hydrogels modified with 0.1 micromol peptides/g or no peptide. A characteristic marker of osteoblastic differentiation, osteopontin (OPN), was detected for all the test groups. However, OPN secretion between days 0 and 10 was significantly higher on the peptide modified hydrogels compared to that on tissue culture-treated polystyrene. Taken together, the results indicate that the presence of signaling peptide allows for a favorable microenvironment for MSCs to differentiate into osteoblasts and produce mineralized matrix, although the soluble factors may further enhance calcium deposition. These findings further support the usefulness of OPF hydrogels as scaffolds for guided bone regeneration, and represent an initial step in exploring the complex relationship between soluble and insoluble factors in osteogenic differentiation on biodegradable materials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Rice University, MS-142, P.O. Box 1892, Houston, TX 77251-1892, USA.
authors.forename: Heungsoo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Johnna S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Temenoff
authors.forename: Gregory C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Bowden
authors.forename: Kyriacos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zygourakis
authors.forename: Mary C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Farach-Carson
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Yaszemski
authors.forename: Antonios G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Mikos
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D000327:Adsorption; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005994:Glycerophosphates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D011485:Protein Binding; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D005994:Glycerophosphates; D020100:Hydrogels; D009842:Oligopeptides; C047981:arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid; D003907:Dexamethasone; C031463:beta-glycerophosphoric acid