title: GM-CSF promoter chromatin remodelling and gene transcription display distinct signal and transcription factor requirements.
abstract: Granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor (GM-CSF) plays a key role in myeloid cell function and is rapidly and transiently expressed in T cells in response to immune or inflammatory stimuli. Induction of GM-CSF gene expression is accompanied by changes in chromatin structure across the proximal promoter region of the gene. We show that the promoter remodelling and subsequent gene transcription occurs with distinct signal and transcription factor requirements. Activation of the protein kinase C (PKC) signalling pathway is sufficient to induce changes in chromatin structure across the promoter, but both the PKC and calcium signalling pathways are required for efficient gene transcription. Although NFAT transcription factors contribute to GM-CSF gene transcription, they are not required for promoter remodelling. However, the presence of the nuclear factor-kappaB transcription factor, c-Rel, in the nucleus is strongly correlated with and required for the events of chromatin remodelling.
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Biochemistry, University of Tasmania Private Bag 58, Hobart 7001, Tasmania, Australia.
authors.forename: Kate H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Brettingham-Moore
authors.forename: Sudha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Torsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Juelich
authors.forename: M Frances
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Shannon
authors.forename: Adele F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Holloway
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000032:analysis; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D020569:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-rel / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D020569:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-rel; D014157:Transcription Factors; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor