title: Characterization of methyl methacrylate grafting onto preirradiated biodegradable lignocellulose fiber by gamma-radiation.
abstract: Gamma-radiation-induced graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate onto natural lignocellulose (jute) fiber was carried out by the preirradiation method in an aqueous medium by using octylphenoxy-polyethoxyethanol as an emulsifier. The different factors that influenced the graft copolymer reaction process were investigated. In the case of radiation-dose-dependent grafting, samples irradiated in the presence of air produced up to 73% graft weight compared to 53% obtained in the case of irradiation in a nitrogen environment. By assuming Arrhenius reaction kinetics, the activation energy (E(a)) of the grafting reaction process was evaluated for different reaction temperatures. Moreover, the graft copolymer reaction was controlled by incorporating a homopolymer-inhibiting agent and three different chain-transfer agents in the reaction medium. The mechanical and thermal properties of jute fiber 'as received' and jute-graft-poly(methyl methacrylate) were also investigated. The results showed that the percentage of grafting with jute fiber has a significant effect on the properties. The kinetic parameters were evaluated from TGA thermograms by using Broido's method in the temperature range 240-350 degrees C. Scanning electron micrographs show that the structural changes on the surface of jute fibers were induced by graft copolymerization of methyl methacrylate monomer. Fiber-fiber surface friction was measured in terms of the average maximum load and the kinetic friction. SEM of jute-graft-poly(methyl methacrylate).
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Ordnance Systems, Royal Military College of Science (RMCS), Cranfield University, Shrivenham, Swindon, Wiltshire, SN6 8LA, UK. Ferdous_dr@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Ferdous
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000737:chemistry; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005720:Gamma Rays; D007700:Kinetics; D008031:Lignin / Q000737:chemistry*; D008422:Materials Testing; D020366:Methylmethacrylate / Q000737:chemistry*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008956:Models, Chemical; D018514:Plant Structures / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002241:Carbohydrates; D011108:Polymers; C036909:lignocellulose; D020366:Methylmethacrylate; D002482:Cellulose; D008031:Lignin; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate