title: Leiomyosarcoma of the retrohepatic portion of the inferior vena cava: clinical presentation and surgical management in five patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Leiomyosarcoma (LMS) is a rare primary soft tissue sarcoma arising from the inferior vena cava (IVC). For LMS involving the retrohepatic portion of IVC there are limited published data about tumor features, surgical strategies, and IVC replacement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical data, surgical procedures, and pathologic features of five consecutive patients referred for IVC-LMS, in 5 years, were reviewed. A complete surgical resection of the tumor was performed in each patient and IVC replacement used expanded polytetrafluoroethylene grafts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Abdominal pain (n = 4) and palpable flank mass (n = 3) were the most frequent signs. To assure a complete tumoral exeresis, adjacent organ resection included hepatectomy (n = 4), extended right nephrectomy (n = 3), and right adrenalectomy (n = 1). Prosthetic IVC reconstruction was performed in four patients, three times associated with arteriovenous fistula. Median postoperative stay was 18 days. No prosthetic-related complication was observed, venous insufficiency sequela did not occur. Tumoral clearance was achieved in all patients, and direct tumoral involvement of the liver was less frequent than for kidney. Three patients died at a median followup of 34 months, two are alive and disease-free at 34 and 44 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LMS of the IVC is characterized by locally advanced status at the time of diagnosis. A radical tumoral resection associated with liberal use of venous prosthetic replacement may offer a chance for cure and good quality of life in palliative situations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Liver Transplantation, Hôpital de la Conception, 147 Boulevard Baille, 13385 Marseilles Cedex 5, France.
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hardwigsen
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Balandraud
authors.forename: Pascal
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ananian
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Saïsse
authors.forename: Y Patrice
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Le Treut
mesh_terms: D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; D005260:Female; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D007890:Leiomyosarcoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009392:Nephrectomy; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; D019043:Vascular Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene