title: A pilot study of acetic acid iontophoresis and ultrasound in the treatment of systemic sclerosis-related calcinosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to perform a pilot study to investigate whether iontophoresis of acetic acid, followed by ultrasound, might be a safe and effective treatment for systemic sclerosis (SSc)-related calcinosis. This combination treatment has been used in other calcifying disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three female patients (ages 51, 62 and 59 yr) were studied. Each underwent treatment nine times over a 3-week period. Iontophoresis was with 2-5% acetic acid at 100 microA for 20 min, followed by ultrasound at 1.5 W/cm(2) for 8 min at each visit. The primary endpoint was the degree of radiographic calcinosis as quantified by image analysis after adjusting for soft tissue change.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no side-effects from treatment. Mean radiographic intensity fell in all patients (by 18.0, 8.9 and 8.5%), although the maximum density and the area of calcinosis fell in only one patient. However, none of the patients reported any benefits from the treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this small pilot study none of the patients experienced clinical improvement, despite an intensive treatment schedule over 3 weeks. However, there may have been some radiographic improvement. Given that there is currently no effective treatment for SSc-related calcinosis a larger study incorporating higher 'doses' of iontophoresis is indicated.
authors.affiliation: University of Manchester Rheumatic Diseases Centre, Salford, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shetty
authors.forename: T L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brettle
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Herrick
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007478:Iontophoresis; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011859:Radiography; D012595:Scleroderma, Systemic / Q000150:complications*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy
chemical_list: D019342:Acetic Acid