title: The effect of a thyroid hormone infusion on vasopressor support in critically ill children with cessation of neurologic function.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the impact of a thyroid hormone infusion (T4) on the vasopressor requirements in children with cessation of neurologic function (i.e., brain death) during evaluation for organ recovery
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 1998-2002 database of a regional organ recovery program.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children </=18 yrs with cessation of neurologic function during evaluation for organ recovery (n = 171) were included. The treated group (n = 91) received a weight-based bolus and continuous infusion of T4 according to the organ procurement agency protocol. All other children (n = 80) were considered untreated.
  
  
  METHODS
  T4 was administered at the clinician's discretion. All children (treated and untreated) had identical goals for fluids, blood pressure, and organ function criteria. Vasopressor score ([dopamine x 1] + [dobutamine x 1] + [epinephrine x 100] + [norepinephrine x 100] + [phenylephrine x 100]) at the time of the program's involvement (T0) and at organ recovery (TOR) were recorded. The Wilcoxon rank sum and Student's two-sample t-test were used to compare the average vasopressor score at T0 vs. TOR. The Wilcoxon signed rank test was used to analyze the difference in median vasopressor score at T0 vs. TOR. Multivariable linear regression was used to assess the impact of T4 on the ability to wean vasopressor support while accounting for the effects of several potential confounders.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred seventy-one subjects were included in the final analysis. T4 administration was associated with an unadjusted decrease in the vasopressor score of 32 (95% confidence interval, 12-53; p = .002). After adjusting for steroid administration, fluid balance, and baseline vasopressor score, T4 administration was associated with a decrease in vasopressor score of 24 (95% confidence interval, 6-43; p = .011).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  T4 reduced vasopressor needs in children with cessation of neurologic function and hemodynamic instability. A prospective study of T4 in critically ill and hemodynamically unstable children appears warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, Division of Critical Care Medicine, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, USA. zuppa@email.chop.edu
authors.forename: Athena F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Zuppa
authors.forename: Vinay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nadkarni
authors.forename: Lauren
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Peter C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Adamson
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Helfaer
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Elliott
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Abrams
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Durbin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001926:Brain Death / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D016638:Critical Illness / Q000628:therapy; D004280:Dobutamine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004298:Dopamine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008020:Life Support Care / Q000379:methods*; D016014:Linear Models; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting; D009927:Tissue and Organ Procurement; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D004280:Dobutamine; D013974:Thyroxine; D004298:Dopamine; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine