Mass spectrometry in the study of anthocyanins and their derivatives: differentiation of Vitis vinifera and hybrid grapes by liquid chromatography/electrospray ionization mass spectrometry and tandem mass spectrometry.
A mass spectrometric-based procedure for anthocyanin profiling was set up to distinguish authentic Vitis vinifera from hybrid red grapevine cultivars. 3-O-Monoglucoside and the related acetyl-, p-coumaryl- and caffeoyl-monoglucoside anthocyanins occurred only in Vitis vinifera, whereas 3,5-O-diglucoside and the substituted acetyl-, p-coumaryl-, feruloyl- and caffeoyl-diglucoside anthocyanins were the additional pigments in hybrid grapevines. The procedure was applied expressly to identify red grape cultivars based on the anthocyanin chemo-type determination. In particular, a red grape cultivar, having 3,5-O-diglucoside anthocyanins and a novel class of anthocyanin monoglucosides, such as cyanidin-3-O-, cyanidin-3-O-(6-O-acetyl)- and cyanidin-3-O-(6-O-p-coumaryl)pentoside, was classified as hybrid. A second vine cultivar, characterized exclusively by 3-O-monoglucoside anthocyanins, was included among the Vitis vinifera species. Anthocyanin profiling by mass spectrometry could represent the core of a chemotaxonomic procedure for distinguishing American and European grapevines based on the identification of post-synthetic anthocyanidin modification.
Mazzuca
Pierluca
P
Dipartimento di Scienza degli Alimenti, Università degli Studi di Napoli Federico II, Via Università, I-80055 Portici, Naples, Italy.
Ferranti
Pasquale
P
Picariello
Gianluca
G
Chianese
Lina
L
Addeo
Francesco
F
D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis*; D002678:Chimera / Q000145:classification; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002965:Classification / Q000379:methods*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification; D008832:Microchemistry; D013045:Species Specificity; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification*
D000872:Anthocyanins