title: Land degradation monitoring in Namibia: a first approximation.
abstract: This paper presents development of a first approximation of a Namibian, national level, land degradation monitoring system. The process involved a large number of stakeholders and led to the definition of four primary indicators that were regarded as related to land degradation in Namibia: population pressure, livestock pressure, seasonal rainfall and erosion hazards. These indicators were calculated annually for the period 1971-1997. Annual land degradation risk maps were produced for the same period by combining the indicators. A time series analysis of results generated by indicators was undertaken at two sites. The analysis revealed a general trend towards an increased land degradation risk over the period 1971-1997. A decrease in annual rainfall and an increase in livestock numbers caused this negative trend at one site, while decreased annual rainfall and increased human population were the causes at a second site. Evaluation of resulting maps through direct field observations and long-term monitoring at selected study sites with different conditions relevant for the indicators defined, is an essential next step.
authors.affiliation: The Desert Research Foundation of Namibia, Windhoek, Namibia.
authors.forename: Patrik
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Klintenberg
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seely
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources / Q000379:methods*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D040362:Geographic Information Systems; D006801:Humans; D009276:Namibia; D011156:Population Density; D011891:Rain; D012987:Soil; D014881:Water Supply
chemical_list: D012987:Soil