title: Protection of gnotobiotic pigs against Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium by rough mutant of the same serotype is accompanied by the change of local and systemic cytokine response.
abstract: We have demonstrated that severe systemic disease caused by virulent LT2 strain Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium in gnotobiotic piglets can be alleviated by oral inoculation with an avirulent rough (R) mutant of the same serotype 24 h before challenge with the virulent strain. Protected piglets had no signs of enteritis. The concentrations of TNF-alpha, IL-1beta, IL-8 and IL-10 were measured by ELISA in ileal washings and plasma of uninfected and infected pigs. The cytokines were not detected in plasma of germ-free piglets, and low concentrations of IL-1beta and IL-8 were found in their ileal washings. The pre-inoculation of the rough mutant induced an increase in IL-8 and decrease in IL-1beta and IL-10 in plasma. The virulent LT2 strain induced very high TNF-alpha concentrations in the ileum which were reduced in the pigs pre-inoculated with the R mutant.
authors.affiliation: Division of Immunology and Gnotobiology, Institute of Microbiology, 549 22 Nový Hrádek, Czech Republic. spichal@biomed.cas.cz
authors.forename: Igor
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Splíchal
authors.forename: Ilja
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Trebichavský
authors.forename: Alla
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Splíchalová
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Barrow
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D005856:Germ-Free Life / Q000276:immunology*; D007082:Ileum / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007378:Interleukins / Q000276:immunology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009154:Mutation / Q000276:immunology; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013556:Swine, Miniature; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D007378:Interleukins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha