title: Nitric oxide decreases surfactant protein gene expression in primary cultures of type II pneumocytes.
abstract: Inhaled nitric oxide (NO) is a selective pulmonary vasodilator effective in treating persistent pulmonary hypertension in newborns and in infants following congenital heart disease surgery. Recently, multiple in vivo and in vitro studies have shown a negative effect of NO on surfactant activity as well as surfactant protein gene expression. Although the relationship between NO and surfactant has been studied previously, the data has been hard to interpret due to the model systems used. The objective of the current study was to characterize the effect of NO on surfactant protein gene expression in primary rat type II pneumocytes cultured on a substratum that promoted the maintenance of type II cell phenotype. Exposure to a NO donor, S-nitroso-N-acetylpenicillamine (SNAP), decreased surfactant protein (SP)-A, (SP)-B, and (SP)-C mRNA levels in type II pneumocytes in a time- and dose-dependent manner. The effect was mediated in part by an increase in endothelin-1 secretion and a decrease in the intracellular messenger, phosphorylated ERK1/2 mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK). Exposing type II pneumocytes to endothelin-1 receptor antagonists PD-156707 or bosentan before exposure to SNAP partially prevented the decrease in surfactant protein gene expression. The results showed that NO mediated the decrease in surfactant protein gene expression at least in part through an increase in endothelin-1 secretion and a decrease in phosphorylated ERK1/2 MAPKs.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anesthesiology, University of California San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. leejw@anesthesia.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Jae W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.forename: Cheryl J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chapin
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Busch
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Fineman
authors.forename: Jorge A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gutierrez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002070:Butadienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015151:Immunoblotting; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology; D010396:Penicillamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D037662:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D037701:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D037721:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein C / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D037661:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms
chemical_list: D002070:Butadienes; D019332:Endothelin-1; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D009570:Nitriles; D037662:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A; D037701:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein B; D037721:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein C; D037661:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C110881:S-nitro-N-acetylpenicillamine; C113580:U 0126; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D010396:Penicillamine