title: A costed profile audit of the surgical management of female stress incontinence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To conduct a profile audit of three surgical treatments for urinary stress incontinence through the application of an episode costing process.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four stage methodology: (1) construction or a profile of care for each of the surgical approaches (setting the standard); 2) calculation of a theoretical profile cost; (3) calculation of the observed costs from real patient episodes; (4) comparison of observed costs with profile costs, (comparing present practice with established standard).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Profiles of care were constructed and compared with 39 actual in-patient episodes. Tension free vaginal tape (TVT Gynecare) is the cheapest modality of treatment in terms of both the expected profile cost and also observed (real patient) cost. Colposuspension is the most expensive form of treatment with real costs significantly greater than the expected profile. Clinical issues such as length of stay, duration of surgery, patient selection and complication rates were revealed through the exception reporting process. Length of stay is the main determinant of overall cost.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is possible to construct a costed and auditable standard of care for a surgical procedure. This standard can be compared with real patient costs calculated using the same methodology. Exception reporting based on differences between expected and real costs can be used to facilitate the audit of clinical practice. The technique is limited, however, by the need to collect accurate and detailed activity data.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynaecology, Southern General Hospital, Glasgow. john.tierney@sgh.scot.nhs.uk
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Tierney
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Robins
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Anthony
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bjornsson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Orr
mesh_terms: D003094:Collagen / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008485:Medical Audit; D008875:Middle Aged; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000191:economics* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen