title: Horizontal transmission of hepatitis B virus in children with chronic hepatitis B.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the possible routes of intrafamilial transmission pattern in pediatric cases of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this descriptive retrospective study, 302 children with chronic HBV infection from 251 families and their parents attending the Social Security Children's Hospital and Doctor Sami Ulus Children's Hopsital in Ankara between December 1998 and May 2000, were enrolled in. Screenings and diagnosis of chronic HBV infections were established according to the Consensus 2000.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the studied 302 children with chronic HBV infection, mothers of 38% and fathers of 23% were HBsAg positive. The HBsAg positivity in at least two siblings of the same family was 61% when both parents were HBsAg positive.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is well known that horizontal transmission is quite common in countries where Hepatitis B Virus is moderately endemic. To our best knowledge, this is the largest series observed regarding the horizontal transmission in pediatric chronic HBV infection in Turkey. It is necessary to expand the preventive programs to target not only the newborn period but also all stages of childhood.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Gastroenterology, SSK Ankara Children's Hospital, 06018 Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tumay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Doganci
authors.forename: Gulnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Uysal
authors.forename: Tayfun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kir
authors.forename: Arzu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bakirtas
authors.forename: Necdet
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kuyucu
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Doganci
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018562:Disease Transmission, Infectious; D005260:Female; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000276:immunology / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014421:Turkey
chemical_list: D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens