15d-PGJ2: the anti-inflammatory prostaglandin?
15-Deoxy-Delta-12,14-prostaglandin J2 (15d-PGJ2) is the most recently discovered prostaglandin. This cyclopentanone, the dehydration end product of PGD2, differs from other prostaglandins in several respects. There is no specific prostaglandin synthase (PGS) leading to 15d-PGJ2 production and no specific 15d-PGJ2 receptor has been identified to date. Instead, 15d-PGJ2 has been shown to act via PGD2 receptors (DP1 and DP2) and through interaction with intracellular targets. In particular, 15d-PGJ2 is recognized as the endogenous ligand for the intranuclear receptor PPARgamma. This property is responsible for many of the 15d-PGJ2 anti-inflammatory functions. In this review, we summarize the current understanding of 15d-PGJ2 synthesis, biology and main effects both in molecular physiology and pathological states.
Scher
Jose U
JU
The Division of Rheumatology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY 10003, USA.
Pillinger
Michael H
MH
D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000276:immunology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000276:immunology; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000276:immunology*; D015230:Prostaglandin D2 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology*; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism
C477819:15-deoxyprostaglandin J2; D016328:NF-kappa B; D047495:PPAR gamma; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D015230:Prostaglandin D2