title: [The role of cyclooxygenase-2 and vascular endothelial growth factor-C in lymphatic metastasis of gastric cancer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It has been known that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF)-C are closely related with the development of tumors. To investigate the expression of COX-2 and VEGF-C in gastric cancer and the correlation between them.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-four paraffin-embedded gastric cancer samples and 22 flesh gastric cancer samples were tested with using immunohistochemistry method and the reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction technology respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean expressive density of COX-2 and VEGF-C mRNA in gastric cancer were both significantly higher than those in non-cancerous gastric mucosa (1.363 +/- 0.351 vs 0.763 +/- 0.304, 0.972 +/- 0.331 vs 0.314 +/- 0.215, P < 0.001). The positive rates of COX-2 and VEGF-C in 64 gastric cancer samples were 72% and 64% respectively. Their expression in the groups of lymph-node metastasis were higher than that of the non-lymph-node metastasis groups respectively (P < 0.05). Moreover, there was a close correlation between COX-2 and VEGF-C expression levels (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There are high COX-2 and VEGF-C expression in gastric cancer. Gastric tumor tissues that produce VEGF-C may have a higher lymphatic invasion and metastatic potential. COX-2 may participate in VEGF-C lymphangiogenic pathway and the high expression of them may play an important role in the lymphatic proliferation and spread in gastric cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan 430060, China.
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jie-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Xiao-Ling
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiao-Dong
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Hong-Gang
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Yu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D042582:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D042582:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor C; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2