title: Protective effect of Emblica officinalis ethanolic extract against 7,12-dimethylbenz(a) anthracene (DMBA) induced genotoxicity in Swiss albino mice.
abstract: Ethanolic extract of Emblica officinalis (EO) fruit extract was evaluated for protection against genotoxicity induced by the rodent carcinogen, 7,12-dimethylbenz(a)anthracene (DMBA). Oral administration of EO fruit extract in various concentrations (100, 250, 500 mg/kg b.wt) for seven consecutive days prior to a single intraperitoneal injection of DMBA decreased the frequency of bone marrow micronuclei induced in Swiss albino mice. Significant increases in the liver antioxidants, such as glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR) and detoxifying enzyme glutathione-S-transferase (GST), were found in the fruit extract treated group. The extract also reduced the hepatic levels of the activating enzymes cytochrome (Cyt) P450 and Cyt b5. These increased in the carcinogen treated group, which emphasizes its protective effect against the carcinogen. There was a dose-dependent effect of the extract against the genotoxin with the maximum effect at 500 mg/kg b.wt. The protection afforded by EO may be associated with its antioxidant capacity and through its modulatory effect on hepatic activation and detoxifying enzymes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Madras, Taramani Campus, Chennai 600113, India.
authors.forename: S Mumtaz
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Banu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Selvendiran
authors.forename: J Prince Vijeya
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sakthisekaran
mesh_terms: D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene / Q000633:toxicity*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism; D015786:Cytochromes b5 / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D029842:Phyllanthus emblica / Q000737:chemistry*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D009153:Mutagens; D010936:Plant Extracts; D015127:9,10-Dimethyl-1,2-benzanthracene; D015786:Cytochromes b5; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione