title: Intima-media thickening of common carotid arteries is a risk factor for severe erectile dysfunction in men with vascular risk factors but no clinical evidence of atherosclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The association of erectile dysfunction (ED) with vascular damage in men without clinical atherosclerosis is unknown. By B-mode ultrasound we evaluated intima-media thickness (IMT) of common carotid arteries, a measure of vascular damage, in men reporting ED with or without vascular risk factors (VRFs) but no clinical atherosclerosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  IMT of common carotid arteries was evaluated in 270 men with ED. A total of 50 men (mean age +/- SD 39.84 +/- 12.5 years) had no VRFs, 100 (mean age 47.92 +/- 10.94 years) were overweight and/or had hyperlipidemia, and 120 (mean age 53.95 +/- 9.73 years) were affected by type 2 diabetes and/or essential arterial hypertension.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IMT was significantly lower in men with no VRFs compared to men with VRFs (p <0.05), and correlated with the severity of ED evaluated through the Sexual Health Inventory for Men (p = 0.0008). Of men with VRFs 17.7% (39 of 220) showed an IMT score indicative of vascular damage (1.00 mm or greater), while only 1 man with no VRFs had a high IMT. Men with VRFs and a high carotid IMT score demonstrated more severe ED, were older and had a higher serum level of C-reactive protein compared to men with VRFs and an IMT of less than 1.00 mm (p <0.05). A high IMT score but not an increased measure for each VRF, including aging, significantly increased the risk of severe ED (odds ratio 2.6, confidence interval 1.1 to 5.9) even after controlling for smoking and drugs associated with ED.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ED in men with VRFs was the only clinical correlate of unrecognized atherosclerosis of common carotid arteries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of L'Aquila, L'Aquila, Italy.
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bocchio
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scarpelli
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Necozione
authors.forename: Fiore
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pelliccione
authors.forename: Radu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mhialca
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Spartera
authors.forename: Felice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Francavilla
authors.forename: Sandro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Francavilla
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000473:pathology*; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology*; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000473:pathology*; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000150:complications