title: The "BURP" maneuver worsens the glottic view when applied in combination with cricoid pressure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine if the application of a BURP maneuver to the cricoid cartilage would combine the benefits of both the BURP and the Sellick maneuvers, resulting in an improved glottic view and offer the potential of protection against passive gastric regurgitation.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a double-blind, prospective, randomized, crossover trial. Forty-three patients scheduled for elective surgery participated in this study. General anesthesia was induced using fentanyl, propofol and rocuronium. In a random sequence for each case and blinded to the laryngoscopist, one of three maneuvers was carried out. Direct vertical pressure, using 30 newtons, a BURP maneuver with cricoid pressure, or no pressure was applied to the cricoid and the laryngoscopic view was ascertained. A separate laryngoscopy was conducted for each maneuver and the views were graded as good (part of the glottis seen), poor (only the arytenoids were seen) or no view (only the epiglottis was seen). Endotracheal intubation was then performed in each case.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that the combination of the BURP maneuver and cricoid pressure worsened the view obtained at laryngoscopy in 30% of cases (P = 0.007). Cricoid pressure alone worsened the view in 12.5% of cases (P = 0.279). No difference was seen in 65% of cases. All patients but one were intubated easily.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is no benefit to routinely applying a modified "BURP" maneuver to the cricoid cartilage during rapid sequence induction of anesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta Hospital, Canada.
authors.forename: Douglas D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Snider
authors.forename: Donna
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: Brendan T
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Finucane
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation; D003413:Cricoid Cartilage / Q000502:physiology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000517:prevention & control; D005931:Glottis / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D007828:Laryngoscopy; D008297:Male; D011312:Pressure; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013957:Thyroid Cartilage / Q000502:physiology*