title: Antioxidative properties of lycopene and other carotenoids from tomatoes: synergistic effects.
abstract: Lycopene is the major carotenoid in tomatoes. Tomatoes contain a matrix of many bioactive components, including vitamin C, vitamin E, other carotenoids (a-, beta-, gamma- carotene, lutein), and flavonoids. Their synergistic interactions, when used in combination, may be responsible for the observed beneficial effects of tomato-based products. This study investigated the synergistic antioxidant activity of lycopene in combination with beta-carotene, vitamin E, and lutein. A liposome system was used to test the synergistic antioxidant activity. The carotenoid mixtures were more efficient in protecting liposome from oxidation than the individual carotenoid. Mixtures of lycopene and vitamin E appear to have the greatest synergistic antioxidant activity.
authors.affiliation: Food Research Program, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 93 Stone Road West, Guelph, Ontario N1G 5C9, Canada. shij@agr.gc.ca
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kakuda
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yeung
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008081:Liposomes; D014975:Lutein / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077276:Lycopene; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D008517:Phytotherapy; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000032:analysis; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D008081:Liposomes; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014810:Vitamin E; D002338:Carotenoids; D000077276:Lycopene; D014975:Lutein