title: [Bilateral cleft lip and palate. Anatomic and clinical characteristics and therapeutic results].
abstract: Treatment teams that conceive and nourish their ideas in a multi-disciplinary environment are best suited to elaborate therapeutic protocols. Their concepts should be based on consistent evaluation of their treatment results as documented by precise and reproducible records. In the wide array of maxillo-facial anatomical deformities presented clinically, bilateral cleft lips and palates are the rarest (20%), but they are also the most serious because of the inherent disconnection of maxillary structures that accompanies them and because of the grave disturbances they inflict on the development of the middle third of the face. Surgeons have devised an extraordinary gamut of protocols to correct these disorders and then abandoned them because of the problematical and ephemeral results they provided. The authors, after evaluating their own results, modified their therapeutic approach in 1994. They present their current protocol, which calls for an orthopedic phase carried out when the patient is 2 months old and two surgical phases when the patient is 3 and then 7 months old.
authors.affiliation: Service de Chirurgie Plastique et Maxillo-Faciale, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Grenoble, Hôpital Albert Michallon.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Morand
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Raphaël
mesh_terms: D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures; D009973:Orthodontics, Preventive / Q000295:instrumentation; D010158:Palatal Obturators; D010521:Periosteum / Q000637:transplantation; D011300:Preoperative Care; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D016896:Treatment Outcome