title: Distinct patterns of Trypanosoma cruzi infection in Leontopithecus rosalia in distinct Atlantic coastal rainforest fragments in Rio de Janeiro--Brazil.
abstract: Previous studies on infection of Trypanosoma cruzi in the Poço das Antas Biological Reserve population of wild free-ranging Leontopithecus rosalia have shown the presence of genotype T. cruzi II, associated in Brazil with human disease. Herein, this study has been extended, the infection being evaluated in L. rosalia of 3 different tamarin populations, inhabiting distinct forest areas located in the same Atlantic Coastal Rainforest. Edentata, Marsupialia, Rodentia and Chiroptera were examined exclusively in the Poço das Antas Biological Reserve. Excluding Chiroptera, T. cruzi infection was found in all orders. Biochemical and molecular characterization demonstrated that golden lion tamarins maintained stable infections by T. cruzi II. The isolates from the other mammals corresponded to T. cruzi I, suggesting independent transmission cycles occurring among the sylvatic mammals inside Poço das Antas Biological Reserve. Significant differences in the infection patterns presented by the 3 populations of wild and captive-born golden lion tamarins were noticed. In Poço das Antas a considerably higher number of positive haemocultures from tamarins with positive serological titres was observed in comparison to those obtained from other areas. The implications for conservation and public health of an active sylvatic cycle in the Atlantic Coastal Rainforest of Rio de Janeiro are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Biology of Tripanosomatid, Department of Protozoology, IOC/FIOCRUZ, Av Brasil 4365, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: C V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Lisboa
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Mangia
authors.forename: N R C
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: De Lima
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dietz
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: C R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Ramon-Miranda
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Jansen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002143:Callitrichinae / Q000469:parasitology*; D014355:Chagas Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005838:Genotype; D008297:Male; D008992:Monkey Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014349:Trypanosoma cruzi / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*