title: Neutral-pH peritoneal dialysis solution improves peritoneal function and decreases matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in patients undergoing continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Conventional lactate-buffered peritoneal dialysis (PD) solutions have several bioincompatible characteristics, including acidic pH, lactate buffer, and the presence of glucose degradation products (GDPs), and these characteristics contribute to membrane dysfunction in PD patients. The formation of GDPs can be reduced by separating the glucose component of the solution from the lactate component during sterilization. This study was carried out to evaluate the clinical effect of dual-chambered neutral-pH PD solution in patients on continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen CAPD patients using conventional PD solution were enrolled in this study. The fast peritoneal equilibration test (fast PET) was performed periodically before and after treatment with neutral PD solution. The concentration of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in dialysate effluent was measured using 4-h dwelling 2.5% glucose dialysis solution. The patients were categorized into two groups, according to the value of the initial dialysate/plasma (D/P) creatinine ratio: i.e., lower transporters (group L, D/PCr < 0.65) and higher transporters (group H, D/PCr >/= 0.65).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean D/P creatinine ratio measured by fast PET, was significantly decreased (0.72 +/- 0.09 to 0.60 +/- 0.06; P < 0.03) after treatment with neutral PD solution in group H. The mean glucose level in 4-h dwelling dialysate effluent was elevated (824.6 +/- 195.9 mg/dl to 942.6 +/- 147.8 mg/dl; P < 0.022) in all subjects. In group H, a significant decrease of MMP-2 in the dialysate effluent was recognized from 15 months after the beginning of treatment with the neutral PD solution (141.4 +/- 52.5 ng/ml to 91.3 +/- 15.1 ng/ml; P < 0.05), with the lowest value being shown at 21 months (80.0 +/- 31.8 ng/ml; P < 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neutral-pH peritoneal dialysis solution decreased the MMP-2 level in dialysate and improved peritoneal function in high-transporter patients with CAPD treatment.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Tokai University, School of Medicine, Bohseidai, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan. nishina@is.icc.u-tokai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishina
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Endoh
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Ryoji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tanabe
authors.forename: Haruko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Endoh
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hirahara
authors.forename: Hideto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000201:enzymology / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; D010537:Peritoneum / Q000378:metabolism*; D012996:Solutions / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D012996:Solutions; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2