title: Characterization of a novel feather-degrading Bacillus sp. strain.
abstract: Feather waste is generated in large amounts as a byproduct of commercial poultry processing. This residue is almost pure keratin, which is not easily degradable by common proteolytic enzymes. A feather-degrading bacterium was isolated from poultry feathers in decomposition. The strain identified as kr16 showed important feather-degrading activity when grown on basal medium containing 10 g/L of native feather as the source of energy, carbon, and nitrogen. The isolate was characterized according to the phenotypical characteristics and biochemical profiling that belong to the Bacillus genus. Keratinolytic activity of this isolate was monitored during cultivation of the bacterium on raw feathers at different temperatures. Maximum growth and feather-degrading activity were observed at 30-37 degrees C. The keratinolytic enzyme had a pH optimum ranging from 8.0 to 11.0 and a temperature optimum of 45-65 degrees C. The keratinase was strongly inhibited by EDTA and the metal ions Hg2+ and Sn2+.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Bioquímica e Microbiologia Aplicada, Departamento de Ciência de Alimentos, ICTA, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Av. Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970 Porto Alegre, Brasil.
authors.forename: Patricia Orosco
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Werlang
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brandelli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001407:Bacillus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D005241:Feathers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007220:Industrial Waste; D007633:Keratins / Q000378:metabolism; D008274:Magnesium / Q000494:pharmacology; D008462:Meat-Packing Industry / Q000379:methods; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011200:Poultry / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D013696:Temperature; D015032:Zinc / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D007633:Keratins; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; C035855:keratinase; D008274:Magnesium; D015032:Zinc