Attempted suicide in Hanoi, Vietnam.
BACKGROUND
Attempted suicide is a key predictor of suicide, which is among the dominant causes of young people's deaths worldwide. Very little is known about the characteristics of suicide attempters in Asia, especially in Vietnam.


METHODS
Medical records of 509 patients (515 attempted-suicide events) admitted to Bach Mai General Hospital in Hanoi, Vietnam from 1 January 1999 to 30 April 2001 were analysed according to the criteria of the WHO Multicentre Study of Attempted Suicide.


RESULTS
The suicide attempters' mean age was 28.3+/-12.9 years. Nearly half (48.7%) were aged 15-24. The female-to-male ratio of patients living in urban areas (2.1:1) was higher than in rural areas (1.2:1). In urban areas, students (32 %) and homeworkers (28%) and, in rural areas, farmers (56 %) and students (17%) were the salient occupational categories. Acute life stressors were the main causes (73.8%) of suicide attempts. Only in some 6% of cases had a psychiatric illness been diagnosed before the suicide attempts. As a means of attempting suicide, intoxication with analgesics and antipyretics (e. g. paracetamol) with low medical lethality scores was a frequent method among the urban patients, the majority of whom (81%) consequently stayed in hospital less than 24 h. Pesticide and rat poison, more commonly (57.2%) used by attempters in rural areas, had higher medical lethality scores and also necessitated more prolonged hospital treatment.


CONCLUSIONS
Some suicide-preventive strategies used in the West for young people may be applicable in Vietnam. Reducing access to pesticides and rat poison is comparable to western efforts to make paracetamol or firearms less freely available. Skills in resolving family and other conflicts can be taught in schools according to WHO's suicide-prevention resources for teachers.
Thanh
Huong Tran Thi
HT
Hanoi Medical University, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Jiang
Guo-Xin
GX
Van
Tuong Nguyen
TN
Minh
Duc Pham Thi
DP
Rosling
Hans
H
Wasserman
Danuta
D
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009790:Occupations; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014744:Vietnam / Q000453:epidemiology