title: Induction of cytokines from polymorphonuclear leukocytes and epithelial cells by ocular isolates of Serratia marcescens.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  During contact lens wear, bacterial contamination of the lens can lead to the development of microbial keratitis (MK) or contact lens induced acute red eye (CLARE). Inflammatory mediators released by the host may heighten the response. We have examined the ability of human corneal epithelial cells and polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMNs) to release cytokines upon stimulation with bacteria.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serratia marcescens strains were added to corneal epithelial cells or PMNs. After incubations of up to 20 hours, supernatants were assayed for the presence of inflammatory mediators by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All strains stimulated PMNs to release IL-8 and LTB(4). Epithelial cells did not release LTB(4). IL-8 was released after exposure to most S. marcescens isolates. A sub-group of strains stimulated the release of TNF-alpha from corneal epithelial cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  S. marcescens can stimulate the release of inflammatory mediators from both PMNs and corneal epithelial cells. This release could be important in the progression and resolution of MK and CLARE.
authors.affiliation: Cooperative Research Centre for Eye Research and Technology, the University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. e.hume@crcert.unsw.edu.au
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hume
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sack
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Stapleton
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Willcox
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D019573:Epithelium, Corneal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D012706:Serratia marcescens / Q000502:physiology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D016209:Interleukin-8; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007975:Leukotriene B4