title: Plasma N-terminal pro-brain natriuretic peptide as a major risk marker for cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined whether plasma N-terminal probrain natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) predicts cardiovascular outcome in patients with type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 160 microalbuminuric type 2 diabetic patients (mean age 55.1 years [SD 7.2], 119 men) were enrolled in the Steno-2 Study examining the effect of multifactorial treatment, and were divided into two groups according to baseline levels of plasma NT-proBNP below or above the median for the cohort, which was followed for an average of 7.8 years. Cardiovascular outcome was a composite of cardiovascular mortality, myocardial infarction, stroke, revascularisation procedures in the heart or legs, and amputations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the whole group, plasma NT-proBNP being above the median was associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease during follow-up, with an unadjusted hazard ratio of 4.4 (95% CI 2.3-8.4; p<0.0001). A decrease in plasma NT-proBNP of 10 pg/ml during the first 2 years of intervention was associated with a 1% relative reduction in the primary endpoint (p<0.001). Despite polypharmacological treatment targeting cardiovascular disease, the mean plasma NT-proBNP level increased during follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that high plasma NT-proBNP is a major risk marker for cardiovascular disease in patients with type 2 diabetes and microalbuminuria.
authors.affiliation: Steno Diabetes Center, Niels Steensens Vej 2, 2820 Gentofte, Denmark. phag@steno.dk
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gaede
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hildebrandt
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hess
authors.forename: H-H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Parving
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pedersen
mesh_terms: D000419:Albuminuria / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012907:Smoking; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C109794:pro-brain natriuretic peptide (1-76)