title: Magnification in a restorative dental practice: from loupes to microscopes.
abstract: Dentistry requires precise motor skills guided by keen visual acuity. Many options are available to improve visual acuity--from simple loupes to surgical microscopes. Each has inherent advantages and limitations, but they all help improve precision beyond unaided vision. Data suggests that every dental professional is at risk for an occupational musculoskeletal injury. Clearly, there is a correlation between seeing clearly and maintaining good posture. Using the appropriate visual enhancement should be considered for all dental professionals to make the practice of dentistry more precise, easier, and more enjoyable and to reduce the risk of musculoskeletal injury.
authors.affiliation: Center for Dental Aesthetics, Encino, California, USA.
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Friedman
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D003748:Dental Equipment; D003814:Dentistry, Operative / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D007909:Lenses; D008853:Microscopy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D011187:Posture; D011305:Presbyopia / Q000628:therapy; D014792:Visual Acuity