title: Trends in the frequency of calcium oxalate uroliths in the upper urinary tract of cats.
abstract: Medical records from cats diagnosed with uroliths at nine United States veterinary teaching hospitals from 1980 to 1999, and records of cats with uroliths submitted for analyses to the Minnesota Urolith Center from 1981 to 2000, were evaluated. A 10-fold increase in frequency of upper tract uroliths occurred in cats during the 20-year interval at the nine veterinary teaching hospitals. Calcium oxalate emerged as the predominant mineral type in upper tract uroliths, having increased more than 50-fold during the study period. These results emphasize the need for increased awareness of the occurrence of upper urinary tract uroliths in cats.
authors.affiliation: Minnesota Urolith Center, Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota 55108, USA.
authors.forename: Chalermpol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lekcharoensuk
authors.forename: Carl A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Osborne
authors.forename: Jody P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lulich
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Albasan
authors.forename: Lisa K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Ulrich
authors.forename: Lori A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Koehler
authors.forename: Kathleen A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Carpenter
authors.forename: Laurie L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Swanson
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Pederson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002129:Calcium Oxalate / Q000032:analysis*; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002415:Cats; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014545:Urinary Calculi / Q000737:chemistry / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D052878:Urolithiasis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D002129:Calcium Oxalate