title: Drug-induced renal failure in the ICU.
abstract: Drug-induced renal failure is a frequent complication in the setting of ICU. Generally spoken pathomechanisms leading to drug-induced renal failure can be divided into hemodynamic effects, epithelial toxicity or crystalline nephropathy. The risk of drug-induced renal failure is increased by any form of hypovolemia (i.e. true hypovolemia or reduced effective circulating volume), older age, pre-existent renal impairment, and concomitant application of two or more nephrotoxins. This article reviews drugs most frequently responsible for renal failure in the ICU and discusses preventive measures.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Internal Medicine, ICU, Medical University Innsbruck, Austria. Michael.Joannidis@uibk.ac.at
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Joannidis
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control; D000225:Adenine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000009:adverse effects; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D000077404:Cidofovir; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects; D003596:Cytosine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D017245:Foscarnet / Q000009:adverse effects; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives / Q000009:adverse effects; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000009:adverse effects; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D006895:Hydroxyethyl Starch Derivatives; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D063065:Organophosphonates; D017245:Foscarnet; C053001:adefovir; D000666:Amphotericin B; D003596:Cytosine; D000225:Adenine; D000077404:Cidofovir; D016559:Tacrolimus