Nogo signaling and non-physical injury-induced nervous system pathology.
The Nogo gene products were described first as myelin-associated inhibitors that prevent neuronal regeneration upon injury. Recent findings have also implicated Nogo in several neuronal pathologies that are not induced by physical injury. Nogo-A may be an important determinant of autoimmune demyelinating diseases, as active immunization with Nogo-A fragments attenuates the symptoms of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). Nogo-A levels are elevated markedly in hippocampal neurons of patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE), in brain and muscle of patients with amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), and in schizophrenic patients. Concrete evidence for a direct role of Nogo-A in the latter neuropathies is not yet available, but such a role is logically in line with new findings associated with localization of Nogo-A and Nogo-Nogo-66 receptor (NgR)-mediated signaling. We speculate on possible linkages between the effect of aberrant elevation of Nogo levels and the signaling consequences that could lead to nervous system pathology.
Teng
Felicia Yu Hsuan
FY
Department of Biochemistry and Neurobiology Programme, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
Tang
Bor Luen
BL
D000690:Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D006801:Humans; D009185:Myelin Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000070798:Nogo Proteins; D000070816:Nogo Receptor 1; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D009185:Myelin Proteins; D000070798:Nogo Proteins; D000070816:Nogo Receptor 1; C000603199:RTN4 protein, human; C486580:RTN4R protein, human; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface