Cardiovascular risk factors in youth with implications for aging: the Bogalusa Heart Study.
Evidence that cardiovascular (C-V) risk factors are identifiable in childhood and are predictive of future C-V risk is now irrefutable. That levels of C-V risk factors track or persist over time is important, since such phenomenon confers a life-long burden of C-V risk and indicates subtle and progressive changes in the C-V system. C-V risk factors occur often in constellation and central obesity and the attendant insulin resistance/hyperinsulinemia underlie the comorbid conditions of dyslipidemia, hypertension, thrombosis, and inflammation, among others. Autopsy studies and non-invasive subclinical C-V imaging studies in youth clearly link the multiple risk factor burdens to adverse C-V system changes. The application of multiple risk factors profiling in young individuals in conjunction with non-invasive measurements of vascular changes can promote successful aging and encourage preventive cardiology beginning in early life.
Berenson
G S
GS
Tulane Center for Cardiovascular Health, Tulane School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1440 Canal Street, Suite 1829, New Orleans, LA 70112, USA. berenson@tulane.edu
Srnivasan
S R
SR
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D044383:Black People; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007249:Inflammation / Q000453:epidemiology; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008145:Louisiana / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People; D001741:Black or African American