title: Immune response characteristics following emergency vaccination of pigs against foot-and-mouth disease.
abstract: Pigs were vaccinated with the emergency inactivated foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) vaccine--water-in-oil-in-water emulsion with Montanide ISA206--known to protect after 3-5 days. Peripheral blood leukocyte (PBL) sub-populations did not differ between vaccinates and controls post-vaccination. There was neither lymphopenia nor inflammatory reaction. FMDV-specific antibody and T lymphocyte activity developed in the vaccinates. Virus-induced Th1-like cytokine protein and mRNA (IFNgamma and IL-2) were identified, particularly IFNgamma. Th2-like cytokine protein and mRNA (IL-4 and IL-6) were also induced in an FMDV-specific manner. IL-10 was induced by both virus and mock antigen. The current emergency FMDV vaccine induces a diverse immune defence network--innate, and both Th1-like and Th2-like responses--without adverse reactions such as lymphopenia or inflammatory responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Institute of Virology and Immunoprophylaxis, CH-3147 Mittelhäusern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Amanda L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Barnard
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arriens
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Barnett
authors.forename: Birte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kristensen
authors.forename: Artur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Summerfield
authors.forename: Kenneth C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: McCullough
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D006224:Cricetinae; D004630:Emergencies; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D013552:Swine; D014611:Vaccination / Q000379:methods*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D014765:Viral Vaccines