title: The economic consequences of prostate and bladder cancer in the UK.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the costs of managing prostate and bladder cancer and relate them to current expenditure on research, as the increasing prevalence of both necessitates the adequate direction of resources.
  
  
  METHODS
  All new prostate and bladder cancers diagnosed in 2001-2002 were identified from British Association of Urological Surgeons Section of Oncology database (national and local). The total cost of diagnosing, treating and following patients for 5 years was estimated as the sum of direct costs (National Health Service) and indirect costs (loss of earnings). Annual research fund allocation (RFA) for each cancer were obtained from the National Cancer Research Institute UK.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 15 099 and 7703 patients with newly diagnosed prostate (mean age 72.3 years) and bladder cancers (mean age 71.3 years). The total cost for prostate cancer was estimated at 92.74 million UK pounds, with hormonal therapy alone costing 63.1 million UK pounds. The total cost for bladder cancer was 55.39 million UK pounds, of which superficial disease cost 35.25 million. The mean cost per patient was more for bladder than for prostate cancer (8349 UK pounds vs. 7294). The RFA allocation during this period was 20.56 million UK pounds and 4.62 million UK pounds for prostate and bladder cancer, respectively, and the respective RFA allotment per pound spent on the mean cost of disease management per patient was 2818 UK pounds and 553 UK pounds.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individual patient management is more costly for bladder cancer but less is invested in research than for prostate cancer. This study suggests a need to re-evaluate future strategies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Lancashire Teaching Hospitals NHS Trust, Royal Preston Hospital, Preston PR2 9HT, Lancashire, UK.
authors.forename: Vijay K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Sangar
authors.forename: Narasimhan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ragavan
authors.forename: Shyam S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Matanhelia
authors.forename: Mike W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Rosie A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Blades
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000191:economics; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D005260:Female; D005102:Health Expenditures; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D012109:Research Support as Topic; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery