title: Childhood esotropia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the most recent studies on childhood esotropia, and to summarize recent changes in treatment approach.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Constant, large-angle esotropia present in the first few months of life may be suitable for early surgery. Earlier surgical intervention, within the first several months of onset, is associated with better sensory outcomes. Similar findings are true for accommodative esotropia; children treated within the first 4 months of constant esotropia have better outcomes. Refractive surgery has been used successfully in adult patients to treat accommodative esotropia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  New developments pertaining to infantile esotropia have helped clarify the pathophysiology of the condition and the best treatment approaches. Abnormal binocular visual input early in life contributes to poor outcomes in both infantile and accommodative esotropia.
authors.affiliation: Children's National Medical Center, Washington, DC 20010, USA. kellyhutcheson@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Kelly A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Hutcheson
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004948:Esotropia; D006801:Humans; D015348:Vision, Binocular