title: Critical involvement of hydrogen peroxide in exercise-induced up-regulation of endothelial NO synthase.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent studies from our groups have indicated that endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) expression is increased in cell culture by both shear stress and by hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)). In vivo, exercise training, known to increase both endothelial shear stress and oxidative stress, also increases eNOS expression. It is unclear if H(2)O(2) contributes to an increase in eNOS expression in response to exercise training.
  
  
  METHODS
  To address this question, we generated mice overexpressing human catalase (hCat) driven by the murine Tie-2 promoter to specifically target this transgene to the endothelium (cat(++)).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vessels of cat(++) expressed significantly higher levels of catalase mRNA and catalase protein and activity but normal levels of eNOS. Exercise alone had no effect on catalase expression in C57BL/6. Wild-type littermates of cat(++) showed an increase in eNOS expression with 3 weeks of exercise (2.53+/-0.42-fold) comparable to C57BL/6 (2.93+/-0.45-fold). In striking contrast, 3 weeks of exercise had no effect on aortic (1.33+/-0.32-fold) and myocardial (1.1+/-0.2-fold) eNOS expression in catalase transgenic mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that endogenous H(2)O(2) plays a key role in the endothelial adaptation to exercise training by stimulating an up-regulation of eNOS.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Pharmakologie und Klinische Pharmakologie, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lauer
authors.forename: Tatsiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suvorava
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Rüther
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jacob
authors.forename: Wilfried
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kojda
mesh_terms: D000640:Amitrole / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D042787:Receptor, TIE-2 / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D002374:Catalase; C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496315:Nos3 protein, mouse; D042787:Receptor, TIE-2; D000640:Amitrole