title: Lactic acid formation in supragingival dental plaque after schoolchildren's intake of fluoridated milk.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Milk can be used as vehicle for fluoride administration. The aim of this study was to investigate the lactic acid formation in dental plaque after daily intake of fluoridated milk.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group consisted of 15 healthy schoolchildren, 6 - 15 years of age, in a double-blind crossover study design. After a one-week fluoride depletion period, 250 ml of fluoridated (5 ppm; total amount 1.25 mg F) standard milk or non-fluoridated control milk was consumed once daily together with an ordinary meal during 3 days of plaque accumulation with no oral hygiene. On the fourth day, plaque samples were collected immediately before a final milk intake and then after 30, 60 and 180 minutes. After a washout period of two weeks, the whole procedure was repeated with the corresponding fluoridated or non-fluoridated milk regimen. All samples were suspended and the sucrose-challenged lactic acid formation rate was determined enzymatically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed a statistically significant (p < 0.05) increase of the lactic acid levels 30 min after the intake of the standard (control) milk while no such elevation was evident after the fluoride-containing milk. No differences were found after 60 and 180 min compared with baseline for any of the milks.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that fluoride added to milk may counteract the lactic acid formation that follows a non-fluoridated milk intake.
authors.affiliation: Department of Odontology/Pediatric Dentistry, Faculty and Odontology, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. kristina.engstrom@lthalland.se
authors.forename: Kristina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Engström
authors.forename: Inger
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sjöström
authors.forename: Lars G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Petersson
authors.forename: Svante
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Twetman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000517:prevention & control; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005459:Fluorides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005881:Gingiva; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008892:Milk; D012571:School Dentistry / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D019344:Lactic Acid; D005459:Fluorides