Automated Water Analyser Computer Supported System (AWACSS) Part II: Intelligent, remote-controlled, cost-effective, on-line, water-monitoring measurement system.
A novel analytical system AWACSS (Automated Water Analyser Computer Supported System) based on immunochemical technology has been evaluated that can measure several organic pollutants at low nanogram per litre level in a single few-minutes analysis without any prior sample pre-concentration or pre-treatment steps. Having in mind actual needs of water-sector managers related to the implementation of the Drinking Water Directive (DWD) [98/83/EC, 1998. Council Directive (98/83/EC) of 3 November 1998 relating to the quality of water intended for human consumption. Off. J. Eur. Commun. L330, 32-54] and Water Framework Directive (WFD) [2000/60/EC, 2000. Directive 2000/60/EC of the European Parliament and of the Council of 23 October 2000 establishing a framework for Community action in the field of water policy. Off. J. Eur. Commun. L327, 1-72], drinking, ground, surface, and waste waters were major media used for the evaluation of the system performance. The first part article gave the reader an overview of the aims and scope of the AWACSS project as well as details about basic technology, immunoassays, software, and networking developed and utilised within the research project. The second part reports on the system performance, first real sample measurements, and an international collaborative trial (inter-laboratory tests) to compare the biosensor with conventional anayltical methods. The systems' capability for analysing a wide range of environmental organic micro-pollutants, such as modern pesticides, endocrine disrupting compounds and pharmaceuticals in surface, ground, drinking and waste water is shown. In addition, a protocol using reconstitution of extracts of solid samples, developed and applied for analysis of river sediments and food samples, is presented. Finally, the overall performance of the AWACSS system in comparison to the conventional analytical techniques, which included liquid and gas chromatographic systems with diode-array UV and mass spectrometric detectors, was successfully tested in an inter-laboratory collaborative trial among six project partners.
Tschmelak
Jens
J
Institute of Physical and Theoretical Chemistry (IPTC), Eberhard-Karls-University of Tuebingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 8, Tuebingen 72076, Germany. jens.tschmelak@ipc.uni-tuebingen.de
Proll
Guenther
G
Riedt
Johannes
J
Kaiser
Joachim
J
Kraemmer
Peter
P
Bárzaga
Luis
L
Wilkinson
James S
JS
Hua
Ping
P
Hole
J Patrick
JP
Nudd
Richard
R
Jackson
Michael
M
Abuknesha
Ram
R
Barceló
Damià
D
Rodriguez-Mozaz
Sara
S
de Alda
Maria J López
MJ
Sacher
Frank
F
Stien
Jan
J
Slobodník
Jaroslav
J
Oswald
Peter
P
Kozmenko
Helena
H
Korenková
Eva
E
Tóthová
Lívia
L
Krascsenits
Zoltan
Z
Gauglitz
Guenter
G
D000465:Algorithms; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D001709:Biotechnology / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D003628:Database Management Systems / Q000295:instrumentation; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D016247:Information Storage and Retrieval / Q000379:methods; D020407:Internet; D008832:Microchemistry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D008838:Microcomputers; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012984:Software; D012985:Software Design; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
D009930:Organic Chemicals; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical