In vivo colonoscopic optical coherence tomography for transmural inflammation in inflammatory bowel disease.
OBJECTIVE
Transmural inflammation, a distinguishing feature of Crohn's disease (CD), cannot be assessed by conventional colonoscopy with mucosal biopsy. Our previous ex vivo study of histology-correlated optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging on colectomy specimens of CD and ulcerative colitis (UC) showed that disruption of the layered structure of colon wall on OCT is an accurate marker for transmural inflammation of CD. We performed an in vivo colonoscopic OCT in patients with a clinical diagnosis of CD or UC using the previously established, histology-correlated OCT imaging criterion.


METHODS
OCT was performed in 40 patients with CD (309 images) and 30 patients with UC (292 images). Corresponding endoscopic features of mucosal inflammation were documented. Two gastroenterologists blinded to endoscopic and clinical data scored the OCT images independently to assess the feature of disrupted layered structure.


RESULTS
Thirty-six CD patients (90.0%) had disrupted layered structure, whereas 5 UC patients (16.7%) had disrupted layered structure (P < .001). Using the clinical diagnosis of CD or UC as the gold standard, the disrupted layered structure on OCT indicative of transmural inflammation had a diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 90.0% (95% CI: 78.0%, 96.5%) and 83.3% (95% CI: 67.3%, 93.3%) for CD, respectively. The kappa coefficient in the interpretation of OCT images was 0.80 (95% CI: 0.75, 0.86, P < .001).


CONCLUSIONS
In vivo colonoscopic OCT is feasible and accurate to detect disrupted layered structure of the colon wall indicative of transmural inflammation, providing a valuable tool to distinguish CD from UC.
Shen
Bo
B
Department of Gastroenterology/Hepatology, the Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Ohio 44195, USA. shenb@ccf.org
Zuccaro
Gregory
G
Gramlich
Terry L
TL
Gladkova
Natalie
N
Trolli
Patricia
P
Kareta
Margaret
M
Delaney
Conor P
CP
Connor
Jason T
JT
Lashner
Bret A
BA
Bevins
Charles L
CL
Feldchtein
Felix
F
Remzi
Feza H
FH
Bambrick
Marlene L
ML
Fazio
Victor W
VW
D000328:Adult; D003113:Colonoscopy; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods*