title: Investigation of genes coding for inflammatory components in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: Several findings obtained recently indicate that inflammation may contribute to the pathogenesis in Parkinson's disease (PD). Genetic variants of genes coding for components involved in immune reactions in the brain might therefore influence the risk of developing PD or the age of disease onset. Five single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes coding for interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma; T874A in intron 1), interferon-gamma receptor 2 (IFN-gamma R2; Gln64Arg), interleukin-10 (IL-10; G1082A in the promoter region), platelet-activating factor acetylhydrolase (PAF-AH; Val379Ala), and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1; Lys469Glu) were genotyped, using pyrosequencing, in 265 patients with PD and 308 controls. None of the investigated SNPs was found to be associated with PD; however, the G1082A polymorphism in the IL-10 gene promoter was found to be related to the age of disease onset. Linear regression showed a significantly earlier onset with more A-alleles (P = 0.0095; after Bonferroni correction, P = 0.048), resulting in a 5-year delayed age of onset of the disease for individuals having two G-alleles compared with individuals having two A-alleles. The results indicate that the IL-10 G1082A SNP could possibly be related to the age of onset of PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden. anna.hakansson@pharm.gu.se
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Håkansson
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Westberg
authors.forename: Staffan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Buervenich
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carmine
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Holmberg
authors.forename: Olof
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sydow
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Olson
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Johnels
authors.forename: Elias
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Eriksson
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nissbrandt
mesh_terms: D043203:1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000367:Age Factors; D000483:Alleles; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D017471:Receptors, Interferon / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000096743:Interferon gamma Receptor
chemical_list: D043203:1-Alkyl-2-acetylglycerophosphocholine Esterase; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D017931:DNA Primers; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D016753:Interleukin-10; D017471:Receptors, Interferon; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000096743:Interferon gamma Receptor; C111835:CCL2 protein, human