title: Hypothyroidism is common in turner syndrome: results of a five-year follow-up.
abstract: Turner syndrome (TS) is caused by a sex chromosome aberration. The aim was to study the prevalence and incidence of thyroid disease in adults with TS. Women with TS (n = 91; mean age, 37.7 +/- 11 yr) were compared with an age-matched female random population sample (n = 228). At baseline, 15 (16%) TS women were treated for hypothyroidism, and elevated serum TSH was found in another eight (9%). As a result, hypothyroidism was more common in women with TS (25%) than in controls (2%; P < 0.0001). Serum free T4 was lower (P = 0.02), and serum TSH was higher (P < 0.0001) in TS women than in age-matched controls. Of all TS women with hypothyroidism, 10 (43%) had an elevated thyroid peroxidase antibody titer vs. 15 (22%) of those without hypothyroidism (P < 0.05), evenly distributed between the karyotype 45,X and mosaicism. A high body mass index, but not a family history or blood lipids, was associated with hypothyroidism in TS. After the 5-yr follow-up, an additional 11 (16%) developed hypothyroidism, of whom four (36%) had elevated thyroid peroxidase. Altogether, 34 (37%) TS women had hypothyroidism after the 5-yr follow-up. Autoimmune hypothyroidism was common, with an annual incidence of 3.2% in TS. Thyroid function should be checked regularly in TS.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Division, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, SE-413 45 Göteborg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mostafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El-Mansoury
authors.forename: Inger
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bryman
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Berntorp
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hanson
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wilhelmsen
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Landin-Wilhelmsen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007037:Hypothyroidism / Q000209:etiology*; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007453:Iodide Peroxidase / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009030:Mosaicism; D013972:Thyrotropin / Q000097:blood; D014424:Turner Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D013972:Thyrotropin; D007453:Iodide Peroxidase