title: Somatic symptoms most often associated with depression in an urban hospital medical setting in Japan.
abstract: Somatic symptoms are known to be a prominent characteristic in patients with depression. The aim of the present study was to investigate the major somatic and psychiatric symptoms associated with depression in each sex. Patients with a DSM-IV diagnosis of depressive disorders (n=335) and comparison patients without depression (n=423) among new outpatients in an urban hospital medical setting were eligible for study. The relationship between the the most distressing subjective symptoms at first visit, confirmed by the patient's description on a health questionnaire and the admitting physician's interview, and depression was investigated in each sex. Most (73.5%) of the complaints in patients with depression were somatic. In a simple logistic regression analysis, diarrhea, excessive sweating and psychomotor retardation in men and headache, depressed mood and grief in women were associated with depression. In multiple logistic regression analysis, diarrhea, excessive sweating and weight loss in men, and headache, dysesthesia and grief in women, as well as sleep disturbance, loss of appetite, general fatigue loss on interest and agitation in both sexes, were significantly associated with depression. Fever in men was also associated with depression by Fisher's exact test.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychosomatic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi.ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. sugahara@cepal.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hideyo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sugahara
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akamine
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Kanichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujisawa
authors.forename: Kouici
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshimasu
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tokunaga
authors.forename: Chiharu
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kudo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006786:Hospitals, Urban / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D010044:Outpatient Clinics, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011596:Psychomotor Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D012737:Sex Factors; D013001:Somatoform Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology