title: Studies of binding modes of (S)-mephenytoin to wild types and mutants of cytochrome P450 2C19 and 2C9 using homology modeling and computational docking.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigated the structural features of CYP2C19 complexed with (S)-mephenytoin, using computational methods. In addition to wild-type CYP2C19 proteins (1A and 1B), which have selective 4-hydroxylase activities of (S)-mephenytoin, CYP2C19 mutants were also studied, together with a wild type and artificial mutants of CYP2C19.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three-dimensional structures of wild-type and mutant proteins of CYP2C19 and CYP2C9 were estimated from homology modeling using the crystal structure of rabbit CYP2C5 as a reference. The binding mode of (S)-mephenytoin to CYP2C19 was investigated using computational docking.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results reproduced the specific bindings between (S)-mephenytoin and the wild types of CYP2C19. Our findings suggest that Asp293 of CYP2C19 plays an important role in the binding of (S)-mephenytoin, which was surrounded by Vall13 and Ala297, and points the phenyl ring at the heme iron. In addition the wild types of CYP2C19, the computational docking studies also accounted for the experimental activities of CYP2C19 mutants, and wild-type and mutant CYP2C19 proteins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results confirm that the predicted three-dimensional structure of the CYP2C19-(S)-mephenytoin complex is reasonable, and that this strategy is useful for investigating complex structures. Virtual screening for drug discovery can also be carried out using these methods.
authors.affiliation: Discovery Laboratories, Toyama Chemical Co Ltd, 2-4-1 Shimookui, Toyama 930-8508, Japan. AKIFUMI_ODA@toyama-chemical.co.jp
authors.forename: Akifumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamaotsu
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirono
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001665:Binding Sites; D065731:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; D065729:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9; D008617:Mephenytoin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000502:physiology; D011817:Rabbits; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D040681:Structural Homology, Protein
chemical_list: D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; C450260:CYP2C9 protein, human; D065729:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C9; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; C045793:CYP2C19 protein, human; D065731:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; D008617:Mephenytoin