Redox activation of p21Cip1/WAF1/Sdi1: a multifunctional regulator of cell survival and death.
Cell division requires the coordinated assembly of cyclins and cyclin-dependent kinases that promote cell-cycle progression through S phase and mitosis. Two families of cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors prevent abnormal or premature proliferation by blocking cyclin kinase activity. Expression of the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p21, a member of the Cip/Kip family, increases when cells are damaged. In addition to controlling cell-cycle progression, p21 participates in DNA repair and apoptotic processes. The recent appreciation that p21 regulates cell survival and death implies that it is a master regulator of cell fate. This review discusses how p21 can affect the cellular response to oxidative stress.
O'Reilly
Michael A
MA
Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. michael_oreilly@urmc.rochester.edu
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D002453:Cell Cycle; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016923:Cell Death; D002470:Cell Survival; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D004260:DNA Repair; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D016193:G1 Phase; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D016877:Oxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism
C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D016877:Oxidants; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53