title: Aspergillus left ventricular assist device endocarditis.
abstract: Left ventricular assist device (LVAD) support is an established therapy for patients with end-stage heart failure as a bridge to transplant; its usage as an alternative for those patients not eligible for transplant is not an established therapy yet. A 68-year-old male had a Thoratec-Heartmate LVAD implanted as destination therapy. After an uneventful (apart from early fever) recovery in the intensive care unit, the patient developed an intractable high temperature, and generalized sepsis and died 21 days following implant. The white cell blood count never exceeded the guard limits, and the patient succumbed with severe LVAD valve malfunction. At post-mortem examination friable material consisting of fungal hyphae was found on the inflow and outflow valves. According to published clinical trials, infection accounts for more than 40% of mortality in LVAD supported patients. Fungal LVAD endocarditis is a particularly deadly disease. Successful management requires a high level of suspicion and timely institution of antifungal therapy to control the infection. This has led some authors to recommend empiric antifungal therapy in LVAD recipients with culture-negative sepsis unresponsive to broad-spectrum antibiotics.
authors.affiliation: Cardiac Surgery, Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Rozzano (MI), Italy. alessandro.barbone@unimi.it
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barbone
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pini
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grossi
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bandera
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Manasse
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Citterio
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eusebio
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Silvaggio
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Settepani
authors.forename: Annamaria
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Municinò
authors.forename: Piergiuseppe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Colombo
authors.forename: Erminia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Casari
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ornaghi
authors.forename: Edoardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gronda
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gallotti
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000601:surgery*; D006353:Heart-Assist Devices; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*