[Prussian reformers and the Polish question: Hermann von Boyen and Carl von Clausewitz and the Polish November rebellion of 1830/31].
The article tries to avoid the common opinion of German liberal acclamation to the "heroic Poles" of 1830 by showing that these liberals did not see what the governments were faced with. It informs about the memories of Clausewitz and Boyen; analyses the early essays of Boyen, 1794/95; gives first knowledge about the late memoire of 1830, which unveils a quite different meaning on a Polish state; informs about the Polish state Boyen knew, describes his reaction and his continuing thinking as a liberal reformer of Prussia; tries to explain what was - incorrectly - called his "about-turn" ("Frontweschsel"); gives information on Boyens comparing Poland and Germany; mentions briefly Boyens proposal of an independent Poland and makes sure the actuality of the problem.
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D005858:Germany; D049672:History, 19th Century; D038622:Internationality / Q000266:history*; D011044:Poland; D011057:Politics