title: About the neurobiological foundations of the De-Qi--stimulus-response relation.
abstract: In acupunctural reflexotherapy, it is usually stated that no appreciable therapeutic effect is obtained under a certain stimulation level, which is determined by the appearance of a particular sensation known as De-Qi. Given that afference control actions of the central nervous system do not work in this way, but rather adapt, with some peculiarities, to a classical schedule of proportionality between stimulus and response, our aim is to evaluate the extent to which acupunctural stimuli of increasing intensity can also increasingly modify neurophysiological parameters, by focusing on quantification of metameric levels, by an F-wave study and by means of somatosensorial evoked potential in the telencephalus. Twenty-one healthy volunteers were studied; values corresponding to the parameters indicated in a basal situation were taken and both a non-acupunctural point and the classical 4IG point were punctured simply, until the De-Qi sensation was obtained, following which, electrical stimulation was applied. Clear progressiveness was observed in the modifications of both the F-value and somesthesic potential values with increasing stimuli. It is true that the main inflexion occurs where obtaining De-Qi, but when overstimulation is applied from that time, greater variations take place, which is particularly patent in the case of somesthesic potential latency. Furthermore, the puncture of an extrachannel point shows that the mere puncturing of the skin does not produce any of the aforementioned effects. Despite the classical postulates, it is observed that, the greater the intensity of the acupunctural stimulus, the greater the modifications in the neurophysiological parameters studied. Control of somesthesic afference by acupuncture has already been demonstrated and quantified; now, however, the direct relation between the intensity of this effect and that of the stimulus used to produce it, which is quite far removed from the classical energetic conceptions, is also observed. The effect of acupunctural stimulation is closely related to the intensity of the stimulus applied and the De-Qi sensation is not required to obtain neurofunctional modifications and stimulations that go beyond it producing greater effects.
authors.affiliation: GIAZ (Zaragoza's Group of Acupuncture Research), Medicine School of the University of Zaragoza, Spain. fabada@salud.aragob.es
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Abad-Alegría
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pomarón
mesh_terms: D026881:Acupuncture; D015669:Acupuncture Points; D000328:Adult; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology; D004566:Electrodes; D005073:Evoked Potentials, Somatosensory / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009424:Nervous System Physiological Phenomena; D009446:Neurobiology / Q000379:methods; D013131:Spine / Q000502:physiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome