title: Oral infections: impact on human health, well-being, and health-care costs.
abstract: Both caries and periodontal disease, as well as many diseases of the mucous membranes, tongue, and salivary glands, are infectious. If left untreated or inadequately treated, they have profound systemic, as well as local, effects. Maintenance of oral health goes beyond the physiological needs of proper nutritional intake and protection of the oral tissues. It also includes protection against oral sources of systemic infection and encompasses a range of social and psychological attributes. The rising expectations of patients in the pursuit of comfort and esthetics has provided evidence of the oral contribution to quality of life. Oral infections and their sequela account for the major portion of annual dental expenditures.
authors.affiliation: School of Dental and Oral Surgery, Columbia University, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Irwin D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Mandel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000191:economics; D002648:Child; D004194:Disease; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D008875:Middle Aged; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000191:economics / Q000382:microbiology*; D009747:Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D009909:Oral Health; D011788:Quality of Life; D012463:Saliva / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D014076:Tooth Diseases / Q000191:economics / Q000382:microbiology*