title: Use of a mixed endothelin receptor antagonist in portopulmonary hypertension: a safe and effective therapy?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Portopulmonary hypertension (PPHTN), a severe complication of portal hypertension is observed in 3%-6% of patients evaluated for liver transplantation. Endothelin-1, a potent vasoconstrictor, is likely to play a role in the pathogenesis of primary pulmonary hypertension, and, in 2 recent trials, the dual endothelin receptor antagonist bosentan has shown beneficial effects in this disease. A role for endothelins in the development of both pulmonary hypertension and cirrhosis has been suggested. We therefore hypothesized that endothelin receptor blockade may be beneficial in the treatment of PPHTN.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report a case of a 42-year-old patient with PPHTN and alcoholic cirrhosis treated with the mixed endothelin receptor antagonist bosentan.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patient rapidly improved from NYHA IV to stage II, experienced a remarkable improvement of 6-minute walking distance from 0 to 590 m within 6 months, and resumed working full-time as a locksmith after 7 months of treatment. Improvement of cardiovascular parameters included a reduction of pulmonary vascular resistance by 60%, a decrease of mean pulmonary artery pressure (mPAP) from 55 to 44 mm Hg at 9 months, and a decline of plasma B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) from 339 pg/mL to 19 pg/mL after 1 year. There were no adverse events except for a transient decrease in systemic blood pressure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient with PPHTN treated with an endothelin receptor antagonist. The marked and sustained improvement supports the undertaking of controlled studies of the safety and efficacy of bosentan in PPHTN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine II, University Hospital of Munich-Grosshadern, Marchioninistrasse 15, D-81377 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kuntzen
authors.forename: Veit
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gülberg
authors.forename: Alexander L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Gerbes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000077300:Bosentan; D065128:Endothelin Receptor Antagonists; D006801:Humans; D006975:Hypertension, Portal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D008104:Liver Cirrhosis, Alcoholic / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D065128:Endothelin Receptor Antagonists; D013449:Sulfonamides; D000077300:Bosentan