[Activity of separase and its regulation].
Sister chromatids separation is under precise regulation during cell cycle. Any turbulence happened in the separation process can cause instability in the transmission of inherited material, and may cause: death or disease of cell or even individual. In eukaryotic cells, one conserved mechanism governs the separation of sister chromatids. Cohesion between sister chromatids is established during DNA replication and depends on a multiprotein complex called cohesin. At the metaphase to anaphase transition, separase is activated by proteolysis of securin. Separase can cleave one of cohesin's subunits, and then promote cohesin dissociation and sister chromatids separation.
Xie
Xin-Yao
XY
Department of Molecular Genetics, the Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400 038, China. longxiang36@vip.sina.com
Pu
Xiao-Yun
XY
D000705:Anaphase / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D002842:Chromatids / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D020090:Chromosome Segregation / Q000502:physiology*; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D064249:Securin; D064247:Separase; D000097722:Cohesins
D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D010450:Endopeptidases; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D064249:Securin; D064247:Separase; D000097722:Cohesins; C490529:MCD1 protein, S cerevisiae; C578002:pituitary tumor-transforming protein 1, human; C577986:ESP1 protein, S cerevisiae; C577987:ESPL1 protein, human