Whole-grain intake and the prevalence of hypertriglyceridemic waist phenotype in Tehranian adults.
BACKGROUND
Although dietary guidelines recommend increased intake of grain products to prevent chronic diseases, no epidemiologic data associate whole-grain intake with hypertriglyceridemic waist (HW) phenotype.


OBJECTIVE
We aimed to evaluate the relation between whole-grain intakes and the prevalence of HW phenotype in adults in Tehran, Iran.


METHODS
Whole-grain intake, serum triacylglycerol concentration, and waist circumference (WC) were assessed in a population-based, cross-sectional study of 827 Iranian subjects (357 men and 470 women) aged 18-74 y. HW phenotype was defined as serum triacylglycerol concentrations > or =150 mg/dL and concurrent WC > or = 80 cm (men) and > or =79 cm (women).


RESULTS
Mean (+/-SD) consumption of whole and refined grains was 93 +/- 29 and 201 +/- 57 g/d, respectively. Subjects in the highest quartile of whole-grain intake had a significantly lower prevalence of HW (29%) than did those in the lowest quartile (44%; P < 0.05). Conversely, those in the highest quartile of refined-grain intake had a significantly higher prevalence of HW (45%) than did those in the lowest quartile (27%; P < 0.05). After control for potential confounding factors, a significantly decreasing trend was observed for the risk of HW phenotype across quartiles of whole-grain intake (odds ratios among quartiles: 1.00, 0.95, 0.90, and 0.78, respectively; P for trend = 0.02). Higher consumption of refined grains was associated with better odds of HW phenotype (by quartile: 1.00, 1.38, 1.65, and 2.1; P for trend = 0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
Whole-grain intake is inversely and refined-grain intake is positively associated with the risk of HW.
Esmaillzadeh
Ahmad
A
Endocrine Research Center, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Mirmiran
Parvin
P
Azizi
Fereidoun
F
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004032:Diet; D002523:Edible Grain; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D015995:Prevalence; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood; D014505:Urban Population; D049629:Waist-Hip Ratio
D014280:Triglycerides