Potential effect of HIV type 1 antiretroviral and herpes simplex virus type 2 antiviral therapy on transmission and acquisition of HIV type 1 infection.
Biological strategies for interrupting transmission of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1 should be directed at reducing infectiousness of and susceptibility to HIV-1. Potential antiretroviral interventions include reducing the likelihood of transmission of HIV-1 by reducing HIV-1 load in the blood and genital tract of HIV-1--infected person, prophylaxis after high-risk exposure, and pre-exposure prophylaxis for very high risk populations. Antiviral treatment of herpes simplex virus (HSV) type 2, the most common cause of genital ulcers, should be evaluated as a strategy for HIV-1 infection prevention by reducing infectiousness of and susceptibility to HIV-1, on the basis of biological and epidemiological data indicating that HSV-2 facilitates transmission and acquisition of HIV-1. The rationale for antiretroviral and HSV-2-specific interventions and studies to test these strategies are described.
Celum
Connie L
CL
Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA. ccelum@u.washington.edu
Robinson
Noah J
NJ
Cohen
Myron S
MS
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006558:Herpes Genitalis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000998:Antiviral Agents