title: Influence of socioeconomic status on mortality after stroke: retrospective cohort study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Low socioeconomic status is associated with increased morbidity and mortality from stroke. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between 4 independent measures of socioeconomic status and mortality of patients with acute ischemic stroke and transient ischemic attack.
  
  
  METHODS
  Socioeconomic status was assessed by taking into account levels of education, occupation, occupational status, and income. The end point was overall mortality. We used Cox proportional hazard models to adjust for age, sex, and severity of stroke on admission.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 2606 stroke patients were followed up for a median of 2.5 years. Unskilled workers had a hazard ratio of 1.87 for death after stroke (95% CI, 1.37 to 2.55) and skilled workers had a hazard ratio of 1.61 (95% CI, 1.23 to 2.11) compared with white-collar workers. Of 4 income groups, patients with the second lowest level of income had a hazard ratio of 1.60 (95% CI, 1.10 to 2.33) and patients with the third lowest level of income had a hazard ratio of 1.71 (95% CI, 1.25 to 2.32) compared with patients with the highest income. The hazard ratio for death after stroke for early retired patients was 1.75 (95% CI, 1.01 to 3.04) compared with stroke patients in the active workforce at the time of the event.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Socioeconomic status is associated with survival of patients with acute stroke after adjustment for age, sex, and severity of stroke. The influence of socioeconomic status seems to continue to affect the outcome largely independent of stroke severity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna General Hospital, Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Jasmin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arrich
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lalouschek
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Müllner
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000473:pathology; D002423:Cause of Death; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004493:Education; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012042:Registries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012923:Social Class; D020521:Stroke / Q000191:economics* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome