title: Expression of manganese lipoxygenase in Pichia pastoris and site-directed mutagenesis of putative metal ligands.
abstract: Manganese lipoxygenase is secreted by the fungus Gaeumannomyces graminis. We expressed the enzyme in Pichia pastoris, which secreted approximately 30 mg Mn-lipoxygenase/L culture medium in fermentor. The recombinant lipoxygenase was N- and O-glycosylated (80-100 kDa), contained approximately 1 mol Mn/mol protein, and had similar kinetic properties (K(m) approximately 7.1 microM alpha-linolenic acid and V(max) 18 nmol/min/microg) as the native Mn-lipoxygenase. Mn-lipoxygenase could be quantitatively converted, presumably by secreted Pichia proteases, to a smaller protein (approximately 67 kDa) with retention of lipoxygenase activity (K(m) approximately 6.4 microM alpha-linolenic acid and V(max) approximately 12 nmol/min/microg). Putative manganese ligands were investigated by site-directed mutagenesis. The iron ligands of soybean lipoxygenase-1 are two His residues in the sequence HWLNTH, one His residue and a distant Asn residue in the sequence HAAVNFGQ, and the C-terminal Ile residue. The homologous sequences of Mn-lipoxygenase are H274VLFH278 and H462HVMN466QGS, respectively, and the C-terminal amino acid is Val-602. The His274Gln, His278Glu, His462Glu, and the Val-602 deletion mutants of Mn-lipoxygenase were inactive, and had lost >95% of the manganese content. His-463, Asn-466, and Gln-467 did not appear to be critical for Mn-lipoxygenase activity, as His463Gln, Asn466Gln, Asn466Leu, and Gln467Asn mutants metabolized alpha-linolenic acid to 11- and 13-hydroperoxylinolenic acids. We conclude that His-274, His-278, His-462, and Val-602 likely coordinate manganese.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Uppsala University, Biomedical Center, SE-751 24 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mirela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cristea
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Engström
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Lena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hörnsten
authors.forename: Ernst H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Oliw
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002384:Catalysis; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D007700:Kinetics; D008024:Ligands; D008084:Lipoxygenase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D010843:Pichia / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal; D008024:Ligands; C112608:manganese lipoxygenase; D008084:Lipoxygenase