title: Effects of out-of-school care on sex initiation among young adolescents in low-income central city neighborhoods.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the association between patterns of out-of-school care over time and the initiation of sex among young adolescents living in low-income urban families.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective cohort study (using a 16-month follow-up) examining the predictive value of changes in out-of-school-care arrangements on early sex initiation.
  
  
  METHODS
  By using a multistage stratified area probability sampling strategy, we selected 494 subjects aged 11 to 13 years living in low-income central city neighborhoods who did not report having had sexual intercourse by time 1.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adolescent report of having had sexual intercourse by time 2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bivariate results suggested that being at home with an adult during out-of-school hours was related to less sex initiation than self-care, care at another person's home, and attendance at an organized/supervised activity. Adjusting for demographic attributes, parental monitoring, parental curfews, and family routines, remaining in out-of-home care or self-care was associated with a 2.5 times (95% confidence interval, 1.3-5.1 times) increase in the likelihood of initiating sexual intercourse when compared with being at home with an adult at both assessment times.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Policies and programs that enable young adolescents to spend their out-of-school hours at home with an adult may help reduce the risk of early sex initiation among youth in low-income urban areas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Population and Family Health Sciences, The Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. kroche@jhsph.edu
authors.forename: Kathleen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Roche
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ellen
authors.forename: Nan Marie
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Astone
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002654:Child Care; D003075:Coitus / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012648:Self Care; D012737:Sex Factors; D012931:Social Environment; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States; D014505:Urban Population