title: Intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide injection as primary treatment for diabetic macular edema.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of intravitreal triamcinolone injection on the course of diabetic macular edema.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight eyes of 48 diabetic patients were treated with 8 mg of intravitreal triamcinolone injection as the primary therapy for diabetic macular edema. The main outcome measures included best-corrected visual acuity, fundus fluorescein angio- graphy, macular edema map values of Heidelberg Retinal Tomograph II (HRT II), and intraocular pressures before and after intravitreal injection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The visual acuity increased in 41 of 48 eyes (85.4%) during a mean follow-up time of 7.5 months. The mean baseline best-corrected logMAR (logarithm of minimal angle of resolution) value for visual acuities of the patients before intravitreal triamcinolone injection was 1.17+/-0.20. After treatment, it was 0.85+/-0.29 at 1 month, 0.73+/-0.30 at 3 months, and 0.74+/-0.31 at 6 months, and the differences were significant when compared with baseline values (for each, p<0.001). The mean edema map values significantly decreased by 36% at the 6-month examinations when compared with preinjection values (p<0.001). Average intraocular pressure rose 24.3%, 29.1%, and 11.8% from baseline at the 1-, 3-, and 6-month follow-up intervals. Intraocular pressure elevation exceeding 21 mmHg was observed in 8 of 48 eyes (16.6%), but was controlled with topical antiglaucomatous medications in all eyes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intravitreal triamcinolone application provides significant improvement in visual acuity of diabetic patients and clinical course of macular edema, and may therefore be a promising approach in the primary treatment of diabetic macular edema.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Erciyes University Medical Faculty, Kayseri - Turkey. aozkiris@erciyes.edu.tr
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ozkiris
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Evereklioglu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Erkiliç
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tamçelik
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mirza
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014822:Vitreous Body
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide