title: Integrated fluidic adaptive zoom lens.
abstract: An integrated fluidic adaptive zoom lens is demonstrated for what is believed to be the first time. A zoom lens was fabricated using an UV lithographic-galvanic-like process involving soft lithography and wafer bonding. The zooming capability of such a lens was achieved by varying the focal length instead of the distance between the lenses. A zoom ratio of greater than 2 was obtained for devices that are 8 mm thick and have a 20-mm lens diameter. Including the 30-mm image distance, the total physical length of the fluidic zoom lens was less than 43 mm. More-compact systems with a higher zoom ratio can be obtained by reduction of the aperture size.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical & Computer Engineering, University of California at San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093-0407, USA. dyzhang@ece.ucsd.edu
authors.forename: De-Ying
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Justis
authors.forename: Yu-Hwa
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lo