title: Radiologic study of marginal bone loss around 108 dental implants and its relationship to smoking, implant location, and morphology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate peri-implant bone resorption around 108 ITI dental implants 1 year after prosthetic loading using extraoral panoramic, conventional intraoral periapical, and digital radiologic techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 108 implants were placed (59 in the maxilla and 49 in the mandible) in 42 patients (16 men and 26 women) with a mean age of 44.2 years (range 14 to 68 years). Orthopantomographic, conventional periapical, and digital radiographs were obtained at loading and again 1 year later. Bone loss was calculated from the difference between the initial and final measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean loss in alveolar bone height was determined to be 1.36 mm by extraoral panoramic radiography, 0.76 mm by intraoral periapical radiography, and 0.95 mm by digital radiography. The implants located in the maxilla and those placed in patients who smoked 11 to 20 cigarettes per day were associated with significantly greater bone loss.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results in relation to peri-implant bone loss in the first year after loading were similar to those published by other authors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Conventional periapical films and digital radiographs were more accurate than orthopantomography in the assessment of peri-implant bone loss. Smoking and implant location in the maxilla were associated with increased peri-implant marginal bone resorption.
authors.affiliation: Valencia University Medical and Dental School, Spain. penarroc@uv.es
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peñarrocha
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Palomar
authors.forename: José María
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sanchis
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guarinos
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Balaguer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015921:Dental Implants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011861:Radiography, Dental / Q000379:methods; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants