title: Use of the Ilizarov method of distraction osteogenesis for the treatment of radial hemimelia in a dog.
abstract: A 6-month-old female crossbred dog with unilateral radial hemimelia was treated with a circular external fixator. During the first surgery, the dog underwent transverse osteotomy through the distal ulnar physis and rotation of the distal ulnar fragment (epiphysis) together with the forepaw in a lateral direction to achieve contact with the end of the proximal ulnar segment (shaft of the ulna); a circular external fixator was then applied. After removal of the fixator, a cast was applied. The initial intent was to preserve mobility of the ulnocarpal joint; however, the joint fused naturally. A second surgery was performed to lengthen the ulna by use of distraction osteogenesis. An Ilizarov external fixator was used, and the ulna was lengthened 25 mm. During the third surgery, osteotomy of the distal portion of the ulna was performed to treat residual deviation of the forepaw. The surgical treatment resulted in satisfactory use of the limb and a better quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Surgery and Anesthesiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, University of São Paulo State Botucatu, Botucatu, Brazil.
authors.forename: Sheila C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Rahal
authors.forename: Reinaldo S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Volpi
authors.forename: Renata B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Ciani
authors.forename: Luiz C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Vulcano
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs / Q000002:abnormalities*; D016267:External Fixators / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D005552:Forelimb / Q000002:abnormalities; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000662:veterinary; D013522:Surgery, Veterinary / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome