title: A novel preformulation tool to group microcrystalline celluloses using artificial neural network and data clustering.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To group microcrystalline celluloses (MCCs) using a combination of artificial neural network (ANN) and data clustering.
  
  
  METHODS
  Radial basis function (RBF) network was used to model the torque measurements of the various MCCs. Output from the RBF network was used to group the MCCs using a data clustering technique known as discrete incremental clustering (DIC). Rheological or torque profiles of various MCCs at different combinations of mixing time and water:MCC ratios were obtained using mixer torque rheometry (MTR). Correlation analysis was performed on the derived torque parameter Torque(max) and physical properties of the MCCs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Depending on the leniency of the predefined threshold parameters, the 11 MCCs can be assigned into 2 or 3 groups. Grouping results were also able to identify bulk and tapped densities as major factors governing water-MCC interaction. MCCs differed in their water retentive capacities whereby the denser Avicel PH 301 and PH 302 were more sensitive to the added water.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An objective grouping of MCCs can be achieved with a combination of ANN and DIC. This aids in the preliminary assessment of new or unknown MCCs. Key properties that control the performance of MCCs in their interactions with water can be discovered.
authors.affiliation: National University of Singapore, Department of Pharmacy, Singapore 117543.
authors.forename: Josephine L P
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Soh
authors.forename: Fei
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Celine V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Liew
authors.forename: Daming
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Paul W S
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Heng
mesh_terms: D002482:Cellulose / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer
chemical_list: D002482:Cellulose; C109691:microcrystalline cellulose