title: [Relations between the retinoic acid acceptor and teratogenesis of retinoids].
abstract: Retinoic acid can induce teratogenesis of the fetus of many animals including human, and its biological activities are induced by a serious of different retinoic acid accepters and their ligands. The retinoic acid acceptor RAR plays key roles in the teratogenesis, and the ligands of RAR are strong teratogens. The intensity sequence of the relative teratogenesis is ligandalpha, ligandbeta and ligandgamma. The ligands of the retinoic acid acceptor RXR cannot induce teratogenesis, but they can enhance the teratogenesis of the RAR stimulus. The retinoic acid acceptors can also affect the development of the fetus by adjusting the expression of the other genes. The relations between the gene mutation of the retinoic acid acceptor, various retinoic acid acceptors and their ligands and teratogenesis of retinoic acid are summarized in this article. In addition, the regulations of the retinoic acid acceptors to the other genes are also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Genetics, China Medical University, Shenyang 110 001, China. hgprt67@hotamil.com
authors.forename: Zeng-Gang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Kai-Lai
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D047109:Fetal Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D009154:Mutation; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors / Q000235:genetics; D012176:Retinoids / Q000633:toxicity*; D013723:Teratogens / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D008024:Ligands; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors; D012176:Retinoids; D013723:Teratogens