title: Leydig cell tumour-induced bilateral gynaecomastia in a young man: endocrine abnormalities.
abstract: Among the various causes of gynaecomastia, testicular malignancies are an uncommon, life-threatening condition, which require prompt treatment. The case of a 26-year-old healthy man is described, who reported a 6-month painful bilateral gynaecomastia associated with secondary hypogonadism. Normal circulating 17beta-oestradiol (E2) levels showed an enhanced response to human chorionic gonadotrophin (hCG) testing, which led to a reduced testosterone (T)/E2 ratio. Both clinical and hormonal findings normalized following surgical exeresis of a left testicular mass, which proved to be a Leydig cell tumour (LCT) at histology. This report underlines the importance of ultrasonographic evaluation of the testes, whenever breast enlargement occurs in a healthy man, despite unremarkable findings on testicular examination. In addition, our case demonstrates that normal unstimulated circulating E2 levels do not allow the presence of a stromal testicular tumour to be ruled out and that the response of restored T levels to hCG testing can remain blunted up to 1 year after surgery. Finally, we claim that T/E2 ratio may be a useful tool in evaluating derangement of the endocrine milieu secondary to LCT.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Galliera Hospital, Genova, Italy. luca.foppiani@galliera.it
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Foppiani
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bernasconi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Del Monte
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marugo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Toncini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marugo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000097:blood; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D006177:Gynecomastia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007984:Leydig Cell Tumor / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D004958:Estradiol