title: [Gender and phoneme discrimination ability].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Boys tend to acquire language skills later than girls. Furthermore, specific language impairment and dyslexia are more often diagnosed in males than in females indicating that efficiency of phonological processing may be gender dependent. Phoneme discrimination tests tap some phonological processing abilities. Here we raised the question if phoneme discrimination abilities in male preschool children are inferior to female's phoneme discrimination abilities thus indicating less efficient phonological processing in boys.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 161 preschool children. Phoneme discrimination was tested using minimal pair (MP) reproduction. MP were either real words or nonwords (logatoms) presented in duplets or triplets. Children were asked to repeat what they had heard (immediate serial recall task). Statistical analyses were performed using Mann-Whitney-U-tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neither a correlation was seen between gender and phoneme discrimination sum scores (i. e. all items) nor between gender and scores of each item block.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results indicate no difference between male and female children in regard to those phonological processes and representations being tapped by the test procedure employed here.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover. Ptok.Martin@MH-Hannover.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ptok
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lichte
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Buller
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wink
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuske
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Naumann
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004410:Dyslexia; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007804:Language Development; D007807:Language Tests; D008297:Male; D010700:Phonetics; D012737:Sex Factors; D013067:Speech Perception