title: Two somatic biallelic lesions within and near SMAD4 in a human breast cancer cell line.
abstract: Loss of chromosome arm 18q is a common event in human pancreatic, colon, and breast cancers and is often interpreted as representing loss of one or more tumor-suppressor genes. In this article, we describe two novel biallelic deletions at chromosome band 18q21.1 in a recently characterized human breast cancer cell line, HCC-1428. One lesion deletes a fragment of approximately 300 kb between SMAD4 and DCC that encodes no known genes. The second lesion is an in-frame SMAD4 deletion (amino acids 49-51) that affects the level of SMAD4 protein but not the SMAD4 message. This change accelerates 26S proteasome-mediated degradation of both endogenous and exogenous mutant SMAD4. Examination of normal DNA from the same patient demonstrated that both lesions are somatic and associated with loss of both normal alleles. These data support the concept that two independent tumor-suppressor loci exist at chromosome segment 18q21.1, one at SMAD4 and the other potentially at an enhancer of DCC or an unrelated novel gene.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Cancer Genetics, Columbia University, Russ Berrie Pavilion, 1150 St. Nicholas Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jakob
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagase
authors.forename: Adi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gazdar
authors.forename: Minchen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chien
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Morozova
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: Subhadra V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Nandula
authors.forename: Vundavalli V V S
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Murty
authors.forename: Chi-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tycko
authors.forename: Ramon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Parsons
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D019556:COS Cells; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D020223:Chromosome Painting; D022202:Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial; D002887:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 18; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D051901:Smad4 Protein; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C497796:SMAD4 protein, human; D051901:Smad4 Protein; D015534:Trans-Activators