Osteoporosis after solid organ transplantation.
With the rapid increase in the number of organs transplanted worldwide and the improved survival of transplant recipients, osteoporosis has emerged as a frequent complication of the transplantation process. In the past decade, the wider recognition of transplantation-related osteoporosis has led to a decrease in the risk of fracture for the individual patient. Nonetheless, fracture rates remain unacceptably high in transplant recipients. This presentation reviews the epidemiology of transplantation-related osteoporosis, the factors contributing to the pathogenesis of this complication, and the evaluation, prevention, and treatment options available for kidney, liver, lung, and heart transplant recipients.
Maalouf
Naim M
NM
Department of Medicine, College of Physicians and Surgeons, Columbia University, PH8-864, 630 West 168th Street, New York, New York 10032, USA.
Shane
Elizabeth
E
D015519:Bone Density; D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D012080:Chronic Kidney Disease-Mineral and Bone Disorder / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000150:complications; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000378:metabolism
D065095:Calcineurin Inhibitors; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D014807:Vitamin D