title: Facilitated blind nasotracheal intubation in paralysed patients with temporomandibular joint ankylosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy of blind nasal intubation technique, in cases of ankylosis of temporomandibular joint (TMJ) without the facility of fiber optic bronchoscope.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analytical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Maxillofacial Surgery Department, Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from August 2002 to October 2003.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 35 patients of ankylosis of TMJ were included in the study. Blind nasotracheal intubation technique was attempted after induction of anaesthesia and paralyzing the patients. Where blind nasotracheal intubation technique was not successful, one nasotracheal tube was passed into the esophagus and retained. Nasotracheal intubation was attempted through contralateral nares by second tube.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 35 patients male to female ratio was 1:1.2. The age of the patients ranged between 5 to 35 years with a mean age of 14.5 years. Blind nasotracheal intubation technique was successful in 23 cases (65.7%), whereas in 12 patients intubation was not successful. The 12 cases of failed blind nasotracheal intubation technique were successfully intubated nasotracheally by prior placement of nasotracheal tube into the esophagus through contralateral nares, which facilitated re-intubation (34.3%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the selected patients blind nasotracheal intubation was facilitated by prior placement of the endotracheal tube into esophagus. This technique may be helpful in reducing the psychological trauma and complications of tracheostomy in such patients. However, to-date, fiber optic intubation remains the safest and widely accepted intubation technique in such patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Combined Military Hospital, Rawalpindi. nmasood@isb.pol.com.pk
authors.forename: Naveed
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Masood
authors.forename: Syed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abdullah
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000844:Ankylosis / Q000150:complications*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009467:Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009666:Nose; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D009467:Neuromuscular Depolarizing Agents