Porcine amelogenin is expressed from the X and Y chromosomes.
Amelogenin is the major enamel matrix component in developing teeth. In eutherian mammals, amelogenin is expressed from the X chromosome only, or from both the X and Y chromosomes. Two classes of porcine amelogenin cDNA clones have been characterized, but the chromosomal localization of the gene(s) encoding them is unknown. To determine if there are sex-based differences in the expression of porcine amelogenin, we paired PCR primers for exons 1a, 1b, 7a, and 7b, and amplified enamel organ-derived cDNA separately from porcine males and females. The results show that exons 1a/2a and 7a are always together and can be amplified from both males (XY) and females (XX). Exons 1b/2b and 7b are also always paired, but can be amplified only from females. We conclude that porcine amelogenin is expressed from separate genes on the X and Y chromosomes, and not, as previously proposed, from a single gene with two promoters.
Ikawa
T
T
Department of Biochemistry, School of Dental Medicine, Tsurumi University, 2-1-3 Tsurumi, Tsurumi-ku, Yokohama, 230-8501, Japan.
Kakegawa
A
A
Nagano
T
T
Ando
H
H
Yamakoshi
Y
Y
Tanabe
T
T
Simmer
J P
JP
Hu
C-C
CC
Fukae
M
M
Oida
S
S
D053523:Amelogenin; D000818:Animals; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004658:Enamel Organ / Q000378:metabolism*; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D007180:Incisor; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible; D012313:RNA / Q000032:analysis; D012737:Sex Factors; D013552:Swine; D014083:Tooth Germ / Q000378:metabolism*; D014960:X Chromosome / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014998:Y Chromosome / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D053523:Amelogenin; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins; D012313:RNA