title: Effectiveness of transvenous pacemaker leads placed through intravascular stents in patients with congenital heart disease.
abstract: Eight patients with venous obstruction secondary to Mustard baffle obstruction or previous transvenous pacemaker leads underwent intravascular stent relief of their obstructions followed by the insertion of new leads. Patients were followed from 1.3 to 6.3 years (median 3) by clinical, hemodynamic, angiographic, and intravascular ultrasound methods and pacemaker evaluations. The median stent patency was 84%, with 1 patient developing complete stent occlusion. Pacing energy thresholds and impedances remained unchanged.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Wayne State University, Detroit, Michigan, USA. kchintal@dmc.org
authors.forename: Kavitha
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chintala
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Forbes
authors.forename: Peter P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Karpawich
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000379:methods*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000628:therapy; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014654:Vascular Patency