title: CX3CR1-mediated dendritic cell access to the intestinal lumen and bacterial clearance.
abstract: Dendritic cells (DCs) and macrophages are critical to innate and adaptive immunity to the intestinal bacterial microbiota. Here, we identify a myeloid-derived mucosal DC in mice, which populates the entire lamina propria of the small intestine. Lamina propria DCs were found to depend on the chemokine receptor CX3CR1 to form transepithelial dendrites, which enable the cells to directly sample luminal antigens. CX3CR1 was also found to control the clearance of entero-invasive pathogens by DCs. Thus, CX3CR1-dependent processes, which control host interactions of specialized DCs with commensal and pathogenic bacteria, may regulate immunological tolerance and inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Gastrointestinal Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
authors.forename: Jan Hendrik
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Niess
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.forename: Xiubin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Limor
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Landsman
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Beth A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: McCormick
authors.forename: Jatin M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Vyas
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boes
authors.forename: Hidde L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Ploegh
authors.forename: James G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: Dan R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Littman
authors.forename: Hans-Christian
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Reinecker
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000073883:CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1; D054428:Chemokine CX3CL1; D020523:Chemokines, CX3C / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D017353:Gene Deletion; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007082:Ileum / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D010581:Peyer's Patches / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D010587:Phagocytosis; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000073883:CX3C Chemokine Receptor 1; D054428:Chemokine CX3CL1; D020523:Chemokines, CX3C; C515539:Cx3cl1 protein, mouse; C471885:Cx3cr1 protein, mouse; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins