title: Effect of supplementing corn- or barley-based feedlot diets with canola oil on faecal shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by steers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted to evaluate the effect of supplementing barley- or corn-based diets with canola oil on faecal shedding of Escherichia coli O157:H7 by experimentally inoculated feedlot cattle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four groups of yearling steers fed on barley- or corn-based feedlot diets containing 0% (BA; CO) or 6% canola oil (BA-O; CO-O) were inoculated with 10(10) CFU of a mixture of four nalidixic acid-resistant strains of E. coli O157:H7. The inoculated strains were tracked in oral (mouth swab) and environmental (water, water bowl interface, feed, faecal pat) samples by enrichment and immunomagnetic separation (IMS) for 12 weeks, and in rectally collected faecal samples for 23 weeks (enumeration by dilution plating for 12 weeks; detection by IMS for a further 11 weeks). Levels of E. coli O157:H7 shed in faecal samples over the course of the enumeration period were similar (P = 0.14) among treatments. Disappearance of the inoculated strains from faeces was more rapid (P = 0.009) with barley than with corn, but shedding levels at the end of the enumeration period were similar (P = 0.21) across grain types. Canola oil supplementation did not affect (P = 0.71) the rate of disappearance of E. coli O157:H7 from faeces. The numbers of steers culture positive for E. coli O157:H7 during the enumeration period were similar (P = 0.57) among treatments. During the 11-week detection period, however, more (P < 0.001) steers were E. coli O157:H7-positive in the BA group (15/64) than in BA-O (two of 64), CO (two of 56), or CO-O (one of 56). The organism was present in two of 48 water samples (both CO-O), one of 48 water bowl swabs (BA-O), four of 48 feed samples (two of 12 BA; two of 12 CO-O), 30 of 48 pen floor faecal pat samples, and 296 of 540 mouth swabs (81/144 BA, 80/144 BA-O, 74/126 CO and 61/126 CO-O).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Supplementing corn or barley-based diets with canola oil did not affect shedding of E. coli O157:H7 by feedlot cattle.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High-shedding individuals (i.e. 'super shedders') may be responsible for disseminating E. coli O157:H7 among penmates. Faeces on pen floors appears to be a more significant source of infection than are feed or drinking water.
authors.affiliation: Pacific Agri-Food Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Bach
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Selinger
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stanford
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: McAllister
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D019453:Escherichia coli O157; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D001467:Hordeum; D008297:Male; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D003313:Zea mays
chemical_list: D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil