title: The role of bcl-2 family of genes during kindling.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Several experimental models of human temporal lobe epilepsy have shown that apoptotic death of neurons is an important part of this degenerative disease. However, the role of apoptotic regulators is not clear during the epileptogenesis. Therefore we investigated the expression pattern of bcl-2 family of genes during the formation of kindling model of epilepsy in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the expression pattern of bax, bcl-2, bcl-xL, mtd, and bcl-w both at messenger RNA (mRNA) and protein level in the brain tissues during the formation of epilepsy with kindling model in adult rats, which has been the most acceptable form of experimental model of human epilepsy. We also assessed the onset of DNA fragmentation by using the terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick-end labeling (TUNEL) assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Animals have started to have epileptic discharges after day 10 of kindling model. Recurrent subthreshold electrical stimuli induced not only epileptic foci but also the expression of bax, an inducer of apoptosis, in this time period. Conversely, bcl-xL, which is an inhibitor of apoptosis, had an opposite pattern of expression both at mRNA and protein level during the formation of epilepsy. We did not observe DNA fragmentation by TUNEL staining.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study shows differential expression of Bax and Bcl-xL at the CA1 region during the formation of hippocampal kindling model. The absence of DNA fragmentation during this period suggests that epileptic changes in neurons have the potential to induce DNA fragmentation by altering the expression levels of Bax and Bcl-xL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Bilkent University, Ankara, Turkey. akcali@fen.bilkent.edu.tr
authors.forename: Kamil Can
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Akcali
authors.forename: Melike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sahiner
authors.forename: Turker
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sahiner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D019254:Genes, bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling / Q000379:methods; D007696:Kindling, Neurologic / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein
chemical_list: C494828:Bax protein, rat; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein