title: HLA-G up-regulates ILT2, ILT3, ILT4, and KIR2DL4 in antigen presenting cells, NK cells, and T cells.
abstract: The nonclassical HLA class I antigen HLA-G is an inhibitory molecule involved in immune tolerance and immune escape. HLA-G exerts its inhibitory functions via interaction with inhibitory receptors ILT2, ILT4, and KIR2DL4, differentially expressed by NK, T, and antigen-presenting cells. Cells expressing HLA-G and cells expressing its receptors are often found in the vicinity of each other, but the mechanisms responsible for this colocalization are still unknown. We report that ILT2, ILT3, ILT4, and KIR2DL4 expression is up-regulated by HLA-G in antigen-presenting cells, NK cells, and T cells. Because this up-regulation seems not to require antigenic costimulation, it might precede an immune response. Functionally, up-regulation of inhibitory receptors in immune cells before stimulation might increase their activation thresholds and participate in immune escape mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Service de Recherches en Hémato-Immunologie, Commissariat à L'Energie Atomique-DRM-DSV, Institut Universitaire d'Hématologie, Hôpital Saint Louis, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Joël
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: LeMaoult
authors.forename: Kamélia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zafaranloo
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Le Danff
authors.forename: Edgardo D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Carosella
mesh_terms: D000938:Antigen-Presenting Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D059951:HLA-G Antigens; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D000075362:Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like Receptor B1; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics*; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics*; D054340:Receptors, KIR; D054345:Receptors, KIR2DL4; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D006680:HLA Antigens; D059951:HLA-G Antigens; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; C515079:KIR2DL4 protein, human; C105299:LILRB1 protein, human; C491341:LILRB2 protein, human; C107907:LILRB4 protein, human; D000075362:Leukocyte Immunoglobulin-like Receptor B1; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D054340:Receptors, KIR; D054345:Receptors, KIR2DL4