title: Andrographolide interferes with binding of nuclear factor-kappaB to DNA in HL-60-derived neutrophilic cells.
abstract: 1. Andrographolide, the major active component from Andrographis paniculata, has shown to possess anti-inflammatory activity. Andrographolide inhibits the expression of several proinflammatory proteins that exhibit a nuclear factor kappa B (NF-kappaB) binding site in their gene. 2. In the present study, we analyzed the effect of andrographolide on the activation of NF-kappaB induced by platelet-activating factor (PAF) and N-formyl-methionyl-leucyl-phenylalanine (fMLP) in HL-60 cells differentiated to neutrophils. 3. PAF (100 nM) and fMLP (100 nM) induced activation of NF-kappaB as determined by degradation of inhibitory factor B alpha (IkappaB alpha) using Western blotting in cytosolic extracts and by binding to DNA using electrophoretic mobility shift assay (EMSA) in nuclear extracts. 4. Andrographolide (5 and 50 microM) inhibited the NF-kappaB-luciferase activity induced by PAF. However, andrographolide did not reduce phosphorylation of p38 MAPK or ERK1/2 and did not change IkappaB alpha degradation induced by PAF and fMLP. 5. Andrographolide reduced the DNA binding of NF-kappaB in whole cells and in nuclear extracts induced by PAF and fMLP. 6. Andrographolide reduced cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression induced by PAF and fMLP in HL-60/neutrophils. 7. It is concluded that andrographolide exerts its anti-inflammatory effects by inhibiting NF-kappaB binding to DNA, and thus reducing the expression of proinflammatory proteins, such as COX-2.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacology, Universidad Austral de Chile, PO Box 567, Isla Teja s/n, Valdivia, Chile.
authors.forename: María A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hidalgo
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Figueroa
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cortés
authors.forename: Ilona I
authors.initials: II
authors.lastname: Concha
authors.forename: Juan L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hancke
authors.forename: Rafael A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Burgos
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D008156:Luciferases / Q000378:metabolism; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D004224:Diterpenes; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; C030419:andrographolide; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; D004247:DNA; D008156:Luciferases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases