title: Role of electrophysiologic studies, signal-averaged electrocardiography, heart rate variability, T-wave alternans, and loop recorders for risk stratification of ventricular arrhythmias.
abstract: Ventricular tachycardia and fibrillation are major causes of morbidity and mortality after myocardial infarction. Frequently, sudden cardiac death is the first manifestation of such malignant rhythms. Optimal risk stratification strategies in this population are of utmost importance. In this review the authors discuss the background and clinical use of invasive tests, such as electrophysiologic study and implantable loop recorders, and noninvasive tests, such as signal-averaged electrocardiography, heart rate variability, and T-wave alternans. The utility, indications, and limitations of each test in clinical practice are discussed, especially for the purpose of postmyocardial infarction risk stratification in the elderly population.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, St. Luke's-Roosevelt Hospital Center, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY 10025, USA.
authors.forename: Shahriar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iravanian
authors.forename: Aysha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arshad
authors.forename: Jonathan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Steinberg
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D000328:Adult; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004562:Electrocardiography; D022062:Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D018570:Risk Assessment