title: cDNA microarray analysis of lactoferrin expression in non-neoplastic human hepatocyte PH5CH8 cells.
abstract: Lactoferrin (LF), a milk protein belonging to the iron transporter transferrin family, is known as a primary defense protein against pathogenic microorganisms. Previously, we found that bovine and human LFs prevented hepatitis C virus infection in cultured human hepatocytes by a direct interaction with the virus. Since LF is proposed to have transcriptional regulatory activity in addition to its antimicrobial function, we sought to identify the target genes that these two types of LF have in common. To this end, we were the first to perform microarray analysis (9970 genes) using human hepatocytes that expressed bovine or human LF by retrovirus-mediated gene transfer. In the results, LF could give a variety of expression profiles in the human hepatocytes, and showed that 9 and 19 genes were commonly up-regulated (more than 2.0-fold) and down-regulated (less than 0.50-fold), respectively, in both bovine and human LF-expressing cells compared with control cells. Among these genes, we found that gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-B receptor 2 was transcriptionally down-regulated by bovine and human LFs, but not by human transferrin. Furthermore, we obtained the suggestive result that LF may modulate the level of intracellular cAMP. This modulation is one of the cellular responses that the GABA-B receptor modifies. This is the first report of microarray analysis applied to search inclusively for the target genes of LF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8558, Japan.
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Akito
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nozaki
authors.forename: Ken-ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Hiromichi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dansako
authors.forename: Kazuhito
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Naka
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Katsuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kato
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001418:Baclofen / Q000494:pharmacology; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007781:Lactoferrin / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D018080:Receptors, GABA-B / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D018080:Receptors, GABA-B; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D007781:Lactoferrin; D001418:Baclofen