title: Effect of rhubarb on contractile response of gallbladder smooth muscle strips isolated from guinea pigs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of rhubarb on contractile response of isolated gallbladder muscle strips from guinea pigs and its mechanism.
  
  
  METHODS
  Guinea pigs were killed to remove the whole gallbladder. Two or three smooth muscle strips (8 mm x 3 mm) were cut along the longitudinal direction. The mucosa on each strip was carefully removed. Each longitudinal muscle strip was suspended in a tissue chamber containing 5 mL Krebs solution (37 degrees), bubbled continuously with 950 mL/L O(2) and 50 mL/L CO(2). The resting tension (g), mean contractile amplitude (mm), and contractile frequency (waves/min) were simultaneously recorded on recorders. After 2-h equilibration, rhubarb (10, 20, 70, 200, 700, 1,000 g/L) was added cumulatively to the tissue chamber in turns every 2 min to observe their effects on gallbladder. Antagonists were given 3 min before administration of rhubarb to investigate the possible mechanism.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rhubarb increased the resting tension (from 0 to 0.40+/-0.02, P<0.001), and decreased the mean contractile amplitude (from 5.22+/-0.71 to 2.73+/-0.41, P<0.001). It also increased the contractile frequency of the gallbladder muscle strips in guinea pigs (from 4.09+/-0.46 to 6.08+/-0.35, P<0.001). The stimulation of rhubarb on the resting tension decreased from 3.98+/-0.22 to 1.58+/-0.12 by atropine (P<0.001), from 3.98+/-0.22 to 2.09+/-0.19 by verapamil (P<0.001) and from 3.98+/-0.22 to 2.67+/-0.43 by phentolamine (P<0.005). But the effect was not inhibited by hexamethonium (P>0.05). In addition, the action of mean amplitude and frequency was not inhibited by the above antagonists.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Rhubarb can stimulate the motility of isolated gallbladder muscle strips from guinea pigs. The stimulation of rhubarb might be relevant with M receptor, Ca(2+) channel and alpha receptor partly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Lanzhou Medical College, Lanzhou 730000, Gansu Province, China.
authors.forename: Ya-Li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Jun-Wei
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yu-Ling
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Song-Yi
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Tian-Zhen
authors.initials: TZ
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D005704:Gallbladder / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005730:Ganglionic Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D018738:Hexamethonium / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010276:Parasympatholytics / Q000494:pharmacology; D010646:Phentolamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012250:Rheum; D014700:Verapamil / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D005730:Ganglionic Blockers; D010276:Parasympatholytics; D028321:Plant Preparations; D018738:Hexamethonium; D001285:Atropine; D014700:Verapamil; D010646:Phentolamine