title: ceh-16/engrailed patterns the embryonic epidermis of Caenorhabditis elegans.
abstract: engrailed is a homeobox gene essential for developmental functions such as differentiation of cell populations and the onset of compartment boundaries in arthropods and vertebrates. We present the first functional study on engrailed in an unsegmented animal: the nematode Caenorhabditis elegans. In the developing worm embryo, ceh-16/engrailed is predominantly expressed in one bilateral row of epidermal cells (the seam cells). We show that ceh-16/engrailed primes a specification cascade through three mechanisms: (1) it suppresses fusion between seam cells and other epidermal cells by repressing eff-1/fusogen expression; (2) it triggers the differentiation of the seam cells through different factors, including the GATA factor elt-5; and (3) it segregates the seam cells into a distinct lateral cellular compartment, repressing cell migration toward dorsal and ventral compartments.
authors.affiliation: ABI/Molecular Neurogenetics, LMU Munich, 80336 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cassata
authors.forename: Gidi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shemer
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Morandi
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Donhauser
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Podbilewicz
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Baumeister
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D019521:Body Patterning / Q000502:physiology*; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000196:embryology*; D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000378:metabolism; D004817:Epidermis / Q000196:embryology / Q000254:growth & development*; D050980:GATA Transcription Factors; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000502:physiology; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D029742:Caenorhabditis elegans Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C470734:EFF-1 protein, C elegans; D050980:GATA Transcription Factors; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C434745:egl-18 protein, C elegans; C106185:engrailed homeobox proteins