title: Mutagenicity and DNA repair of glycidamide-induced adducts in mammalian cells.
abstract: Glycidamide (GA)-induced mutagenesis in mammalian cells is not very well understood. Here, we investigated mutagenicity and DNA repair of GA-induced adducts utilizing Chinese hamster cell lines deficient in base excision repair (BER), nucleotide excision repair (NER) or homologous recombination (HR) in comparison to parent wild-type cells. We used the DRAG assay in order to map pathways involved in the repair of GA-induced DNA lesions. This assay utilizes the principle that a DNA repair deficient cell line is expected to be affected in growth and/or survival more than a repair proficient cell. A significant induction of mutations by GA was detected in the hprt locus of wild-type cells but not in BER deficient cells. Cells deficient in HR or BER were three or five times, respectively, more sensitive to GA in terms of growth inhibition than were wild-type cells. The results obtained on the rate of incisions in BER and NER suggest that lesions induced by GA are repaired by short patch BER rather than long patch BER or NER. Furthermore, a large proportion of the GA-induced lesions gave rise to strand breaks that are repaired by a mechanism not involving PARP. It is suggested that these strand breaks, which might be the results from alkylation of the backbone phosphate, are misrepaired by HR during replication thereby leading to a clastogenic rather than a mutagenic pathway. The type of lesion responsible for the mutagenic effect of GA cannot be concluded from the results presented in this study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Microbiology and Toxicology, Stockholm University, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Fredrik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Johansson
authors.forename: Terry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lundell
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rydberg
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Erixon
authors.forename: Dag
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jenssen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair; D004261:DNA Replication; D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded / Q000187:drug effects; D004852:Epoxy Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests / Q000379:methods*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D004277:DNA, Single-Stranded; D004852:Epoxy Compounds; D009153:Mutagens; C071834:glycidamide