title: Quantitative assessment of the hepatic pharmacokinetics of the antimicrobial sitafloxacin in humans using in vivoF magnetic resonance spectroscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure hepatic concentrations of the fluorine-containing antimicrobial, sitafloxacin, using in vivo(19)F magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were acquired from eight healthy subjects at 2, 5, 8 and 24 h following doses of 500 mg day(-1) for 5 days using a (1)H/(19)F surface coil in a 1.5T clinical MR system. Tissue water was used as a reference.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Estimated liver concentrations at 2 h were 15.0 +/- 4.0 microg ml(-1) (mean +/- 95% CI), compared with 3.54 +/- 0.58 microg ml(-1) in plasma (n = 6), and fell below threshold concentrations (2 microg ml(-1)) by 24 h.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (19)F MRS is able to detect and quantify sitafloxacin in the liver. There was no evidence for the hepatic retention of the drug.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research UK Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research Group, The Institute of Cancer Research and Royal Marsden NHS Trust, Sutton, Surrey, UK. gsp@icr.ac.uk
authors.forename: Geoffrey S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Payne
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Loynds
authors.forename: Graham
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mould
authors.forename: Philip S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Andrzej S K
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Dzik-Jurasz
authors.forename: Preminda
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kessar
authors.forename: Nazneen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Haque
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Shogo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Atarashi
authors.forename: Martin O
authors.initials: MO
authors.lastname: Leach
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005462:Fluorine Radioisotopes; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006207:Half-Life; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D005462:Fluorine Radioisotopes; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; C076246:sitafloxacin