title: Gamma knife surgery for glomus jugulare tumors: an intermediate report on efficacy and safety.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Glomus jugulare tumors are rare tumors that commonly involve the middle ear, temporal bone, and lower cranial nerves. Resection, embolization, and radiation therapy have been the mainstays of treatment. Despite these therapies, tumor control can be difficult to achieve particularly without undo risk of patient morbidity or mortality. The authors examine the safety and efficacy of gamma knife surgery (GKS) for glomus jugulare tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review was undertaken of the results obtained in eight patients who underwent GKS for recurrent, residual, or unresectable glomus jugulare tumors. The median radiosurgical dose to the tumor margin was 15 Gy (range 12-18 Gy). The median clinical follow-up period was 28 months, and the median period for radiological follow up was 32 months. All eight patients demonstrated neurological stability or improvement. No cranial nerve palsies arose or deteriorated after GKS. In the seven patients in whom radiographic follow up was obtained, the tumor size decreased in four and remained stable in three.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Gamma knife surgery would seem to afford effective local tumor control and preserves neurological function in patients with glomus jugulare tumors. If long-term results with GKS are equally efficacious, the role of stereotactic radiosurgery will expand.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA. jps2f@virginia.edu
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sheehan
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kondziolka
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Flickinger
authors.forename: L Dade
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Lunsford
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005925:Glomus Jugulare Tumor / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D016634:Radiosurgery / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D047368:Tumor Burden / Q000528:radiation effects