title: Inversion prepared coronary MR angiography: direct visualization of coronary blood flow.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Visualization of coronary blood flow by means of a slice-selective inversion pre-pulse in concert with bright-blood coronary MRA.
  
  
  METHODS
  Coronary magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) of the right coronary artery (RCA) was performed in eight healthy adult subjects on a 1.5 Tesla MR system (Gyroscan ACS-NT, Philips Medical Systems, Best, NL) using a free-breathing navigator-gated and cardiac-triggered 3D steady-state free-precession (SSFP) sequence with radial k-space sampling. Imaging was performed with and without a slice-selective inversion pre-pulse, which was positioned along the main axis of the coronary artery but perpendicular to the imaging volume. Objective image quality parameters such as SNR, CNR, maximal visible vessel length, and vessel border definition were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In contrast to conventional bright-blood 3D coronary MRA, the selective inversion pre-pulse provided a direct measure of coronary blood flow. In addition, CNR between the RCA and right ventricular blood pool was increased and the vessels had a tendency towards better delineation. Blood SNR and CNR between right coronary blood and epicardial fat were comparable in both sequences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of a free-breathing navigator-gated and cardiac-triggered 3D SSFP sequence with a slice-selective inversion pre-pulse allows for direct and directional visualization of coronary blood flow with the additional benefit of improved contrast between coronary and right ventricular blood pool.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (Cardiovascular Division), Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA. katoh@rad.rwth-aachen.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Katoh
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Spuentrup
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stuber
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buecker
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Manning
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Günther
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Botnar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000166:cytology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008280:Magnetics; D008297:Male; D012016:Reference Values