title: Identification of two novel human genes, DIPLA1 and DIPAS, expressed in placenta tissue.
abstract: Here we report the identification and expression analysis of two novel human genes--DIPLA1 (Differentially expressed in placenta 1) and DIPAS (DIPLA1 Antisense). These genes are located at chromosomal region 9q33.1, in opposite orientations, and are flanked by the pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) and astrotactin 2 (ASTN2) genes. The mRNA sequences of both genes contain several upstream AUGs (uAUG) and various potential open reading frames (ORFs). DIPLA1 mRNA is 1.8 kb long and contains a 285 nt ORF coding for a polypeptide designated as replicative senescence up-regulated (RSU) protein. Antisense DIPAS mRNA is 2.7 kb long and contains a 309 nt ORF coding for a protein with partial similitude to the gamma isoform variant of the human Ca(2+)/calmodulin (CaM)-dependent protein kinase II. Both genes are conserved in placental-species and are presumably transcribed from initiator (Inr) promoter elements located at opposite strands. In 20 human normal tissues tested, DIPLA1 mRNA expression was placenta-specific, whereas DIPAS mRNA expression was higher in placenta, brain, kidney and testis. In addition, DIPAS mRNA hybridizes with the 3'UTR region from PAPP-A mRNA, which spans over 4 kb more than previously reported, forming a potential sense-antisense double stranded RNA (dsRNA) duplex. Our results are of interest for placenta gene expression regulation and for the identification of novel genes in the human genome.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Biología Molecular Severo Ochoa, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Cantoblanco E-28049 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Job
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: José-Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Castrillo
mesh_terms: D017398:Alternative Splicing; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002899:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 9 / Q000235:genetics; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005807:Genes, Overlapping / Q000235:genetics; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; C500150:PAPPAS gene product, human; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C485184:enhanced green fluorescent protein; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A