title: Apolipoprotein E is the major physiological activator of lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) on apolipoprotein B lipoproteins.
abstract: Our previous studies have indicated that lecithin-cholesterol acyltransferase (LCAT) contributes significantly to the apoB lipoprotein cholesteryl ester (CE) pool. Cholesterol esterification rate (CER) in apoA-I(-)(/)(-) apoE(-)(/)(-) mouse plasma was <7% that of C57Bl/6 (B6) mouse plasma, even though apoA-I(-)(/)(-) apoE(-)(/)(-) plasma retained (1)/(3) the amount of B6 LCAT activity. This suggested that lack of LCAT enzyme did not explain the low CER in apoA-I(-)(/)(-) apoE(-)(/)(-) mice and indicated that apoE and apoA-I are the only major activators of LCAT in mouse plasma. Deleting apoE on low-density lipoprotein (LDL) reduced CER (1% free cholesterol (FC) esterified/h) compared to B6 (6% FC esterified/h) and apoA-I(-)(/)(-) (11% FC esterified/h) LDL. Similar sized LDL particles from all four genotypes were isolated by fast protein liquid chromatography (FPLC) after radiolabeling with [(3)H]-free cholesterol (FC). LDLs (1 microg FC) from each genotype were incubated with purified recombinant mouse LCAT; LDL particles from B6 and apoA-I(-)(/)(-) plasma were much better substrates for CE formation (5.7% and 6.3% CE formed/30 min, respectively) than those from apoE(-)(/)(-) and apoE(-)(/)(-) apoA-I(-)(/)(-) plasma (1.2% and 1.1% CE formed/30 min). Western blot analysis showed that the amount of apoA-I on apoE(-)(/)(-) LDLs was higher compared to B6 LDL. Adding apoE to incubations of apoA-I(-)(/)(-) apoE(-)(/)(-) very low density lipoprotein (VLDL) resulted in a 3-fold increase in LCAT CER, whereas addition of apoA-I resulted in a more modest 80% increase. We conclude that apoE is a more significant activator of LCAT than apoA-I on mouse apoB lipoproteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA.
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Fayanne E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Thorngate
authors.forename: Karl H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Weisgraber
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Parks
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000378:metabolism*; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000502:physiology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D051379:Mice; D007862:Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D017931:DNA Primers; D007862:Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase