Antifungal susceptibilities of clinical isolates of Candida species, Cryptococcus neoformans, and Aspergillus species from Taiwan: surveillance of multicenter antimicrobial resistance in Taiwan program data from 2003.
The susceptibilities of nonduplicate isolates to six antifungal agents were determined for 391 blood isolates of seven Candida species, 70 clinical isolates (from blood or cerebrospinal fluid) of Cryptococcus neoformans, and 96 clinical isolates of four Aspergillus species, which were collected in seven different hospitals in Taiwan (as part of the 2003 program of the study group Surveillance of Multicenter Antimicrobial Resistance in Taiwan). All isolates of Candida species other than C. glabrata and C. krusei were susceptible to fluconazole. Among the 59 C. glabrata isolates, 16 (27%) were not susceptible to fluconazole, and all were dose-dependently susceptible or resistant to itraconazole. For three (5.1%) C. glabrata isolates, voriconazole MICs were 2 to 4 microg/ml, and for all other Candida species isolates, voriconazole MICs were </=0.5 microg/ml. The proportions of isolates for which amphotericin B MICs were >/=2 microg/ml were 100% (3 isolates) for C. krusei, 11% (23 of 207 isolates) for Candida albicans, 3.0% (2 of 67 isolates) for Candida tropicalis, 20% (12 of 59 isolates) for C. glabrata, and 0% for both Candida parapsilosis and Candida lusitaniae. For three (4%) Cryptococcus neoformans isolates, fluconazole MICs were >/=16 microg/ml, and two (3%) isolates were not inhibited by 1 mug of amphotericin B/ml. For four (4.2%) of the Aspergillus isolates, itraconazole MICs were 8 microg/ml. Aspergillus flavus was less susceptible to amphotericin B, with the MICs at which 50% (1 microg/ml) and 90% (2 microg/ml) nsrsid417869\delrsid7301351 of isolates were inhibited being twofold greater than those for Aspergillus fumigatus and Aspergillus niger. All Aspergillus isolates were inhibited by </=1 microg of voriconazole/ml, including isolates with increased resistance to amphotericin B and itraconazole. This study revealed the emergence in Taiwan of decreased susceptibilities of Candida species to amphotericin B and of C. neoformans to fluconazole and amphotericin B. Voriconazole was the most potent agent against the fungal isolates tested, including fluconazole- and amphotericin B-nonsusceptible strains.
Hsueh
Po-Ren
PR
Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No. 7 Chung-Shan South Rd., Taipei 100, Taiwan. hsporen@ha.mc.ntu.edu.tw
Lau
Yeu-Jun
YJ
Chuang
Yin-Ching
YC
Wan
Jen-Hsien
JH
Huang
Wen-Kuei
WK
Shyr
Jainn-Ming
JM
Yan
Jing-Jou
JJ
Yu
Kwok-Woon
KW
Wu
Jiunn-Jong
JJ
Ko
Wen-Chien
WC
Yang
Yi-Chueh
YC
Liu
Yung-Ching
YC
Teng
Lee-Jene
LJ
Liu
Cheng-Yi
CY
Luh
Kwen-Tay
KT
D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000187:drug effects*; D001393:Azoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D003453:Cryptococcosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011159:Population Surveillance; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D001393:Azoles