title: Effects of the neuropeptide secretoneurin on natural killer cell migration and cytokine release.
abstract: Secretoneurin has a widespread occurrence in airway mucosal innervation of patients with allergic diseases and may play an important role in the local traffic of immune cells in human airway mucosa. Whether secretoneurin affects natural killer cell migration and cytokine release in vitro was tested. Natural killer cells were obtained from venous blood of healthy donors. Cell migration was studied by micropore filter assays. Signalling mechanisms required for secretoneurin-dependent migration were tested using signalling enzyme blockers. Cytokine release was measured in natural killer cell supernatants by ELISA. Secretoneurin significantly stimulated natural killer cell chemotaxis via activation of phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase and protein kinase C. IL-2 stimulated natural killer cells showed a stronger response toward secretoneurin than unstimulated cells. Moreover, secretoneurin increased the release of interleukin-5 in a dose-dependent manner but did not affect Th1 cytokine release by natural killer cells. Data suggest that secretoneurin stimulates directed migration of natural killer cells and may modulate Th1/Th2-response via affecting chemokine release. Thus, secretoneurin may play an important role in the early stages of allergic inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Intensive Care Unit, Clinical Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Internal Medicine, Innsbruck Medical University, Anichstrasse 35, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Clemens
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Feistritzer
authors.forename: Birgit A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Mosheimer
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Colleselli
authors.forename: Christian J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Wiedermann
authors.forename: Christian M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Kähler
mesh_terms: D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000502:physiology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D053381:Secretogranin II
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D016209:Interleukin-8; D009479:Neuropeptides; D053381:Secretogranin II; D016753:Interleukin-10; C081159:secretoneurin; D015847:Interleukin-4; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D011493:Protein Kinase C