Induction of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase mRNA and NO production in macrophages infected with influenza A/PR/8 virus and stimulated with its ether-split product.
We investigated the inductive activity of infective influenza A/PR/8/34 (PR8) virus and its ether-split product (ESP) on the expression of inducible nitric oxide (NO) synthase (iNOS) and NO production in RAW264.7 (RAW) cells, a murine macrophage (M psi) cell line, and thioglycolate-elicited peritoneal M psi (TPM). In both cells, PR8 virus infection induced iNOS mRNA between 4 hr and 24 hr, attaining a peak value at 12 hr. In correlation with induction of iNOS mRNA, NO amounts increased significantly from 12 to 24 hr. Moreover, this study demonstrated that ESP with the same hemagglutination titer as PR8 virus could induce iNOS mRNA and NO production, although the inductive activity of ESP was weaker than that of PR8 virus. Considering the dual role (beneficial and detrimental roles) of NO on certain inflammatory disorders and virus infections, the inductive activity of influenza virus on the iNOS-mediated NO production independent of its infectivity might contribute to a modification of influenza virus infection.
Imanishi
Nobuko
N
Department of Japanese Oriental Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Toyama, Japan.
Andoh
Tsugunobu
T
Sakai
Shinya
S
Satoh
Miyuki
M
Katada
Yuko
Y
Ueda
Kyouka
K
Terasawa
Katsutoshi
K
Ochiai
Hiroshi
H
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology*; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology
D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014764:Viral Proteins; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse