title: Cardiovascular risk factors emerge after artificial selection for low aerobic capacity.
abstract: In humans, the strong statistical association between fitness and survival suggests a link between impaired oxygen metabolism and disease. We hypothesized that artificial selection of rats based on low and high intrinsic exercise capacity would yield models that also contrast for disease risk. After 11 generations, rats with low aerobic capacity scored high on cardiovascular risk factors that constitute the metabolic syndrome. The decrease in aerobic capacity was associated with decreases in the amounts of transcription factors required for mitochondrial biogenesis and in the amounts of oxidative enzymes in skeletal muscle. Impairment of mitochondrial function may link reduced fitness to cardiovascular and metabolic disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Olav Kyrres gt. 3, 7489 Trondheim, Norway. ulrik.wisloff@medisin.ntnu.no
authors.forename: Ulrik
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wisløff
authors.forename: Sonia M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Najjar
authors.forename: Oyvind
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ellingsen
authors.forename: Per Magnus
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Haram
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Swoap
authors.forename: Qusai
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Al-Share
authors.forename: Mats
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fernström
authors.forename: Khadijeh
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rezaei
authors.forename: Sang Jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Lauren Gerard
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Koch
authors.forename: Steven L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Britton
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000332:Aerobiosis; D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001835:Body Weight; D001947:Breeding; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology; D015444:Exercise; D017079:Exercise Tolerance; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008931:Mitochondria, Muscle / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D005082:Physical Exertion; D051381:Rats; D012307:Risk Factors; D012420:Running; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D047495:PPAR gamma; D015534:Trans-Activators