title: Ischemia of rat stomach mobilizes ECL cell histamine.
abstract: Microdialysis was used to study how ischemia-evoked gastric mucosal injury affects rat stomach histamine, which resides in enterochromaffin-like (ECL) cells and mast cells. A microdialysis probe was inserted into the gastric submucosa, and the celiac artery was clamped (30 min), followed by removal of the clamp. Microdialysate histamine was determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. In addition, we studied the long-term effects of ischemia on the oxyntic mucosal histidine decarboxylase activity in omeprazole-treated rats. Gastric mucosal lesions induced by the ischemia were enlarged on removal of the clamp. The microdialysate histamine concentration increased immediately on clamping (50-fold rise within 30 min) and declined promptly after the clamp was removed. In contrast, histidine decarboxylase activity of the ECL cells was lowered by the ischemia and returned to preischemic values 9 days later. Mast cell-deficient rats responded to ischemia-reperfusion much like wild-type rats with respect to histamine mobilization. Pretreatment with the irreversible inhibitor of histidine decarboxylase, alpha-fluoromethylhistidine, which is known to eliminate histamine from ECL cells, prevented the rise in microdialysate histamine. Pharmacological blockade of acid secretion (cimetidine or omeprazole) prevented the lesions induced by ischemia-reperfusion insult but not the mobilization of histamine. In conclusion, ischemia of the celiac artery mobilizes large amounts of histamine from ECL cells, which occurs independently of the gross mucosal lesions. The prompt reduction of the mucosal histidine decarboxylase activity in response to ischemia probably reflects ECL cell damage. The lesions develop not because of mobilization of histamine per se but because of ischemia plus reperfusion plus gastric acid.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Tottori, Japan. m-kitano@med.kindai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitano
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bernsand
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kishimoto
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Norlén
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Håkanson
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Haenuki
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002927:Cimetidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D019861:Enterochromaffin-like Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006632:Histamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D007511:Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000502:physiology; D008762:Methylhistidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists; D008762:Methylhistidines; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; C028309:alpha-fluoromethylhistidine; D002927:Cimetidine; D006632:Histamine; D009853:Omeprazole