title: Pineal tumors: analysis of treatment results in 20 patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The authors evaluate their results when using gamma knife surgery (GKS) in the management of patients with tumors in the pineal region.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is a retrospective clinical evaluation of 20 patients with primary tumors of the pineal region treated with GKS from November 1994 through August 2003. There were 13 germ cell tumors, two pineoblastomas, two low-grade gliomas, one primitive neuroectodermal tumor, one teratoma, and one pineocytoma. There were 10 male and 10 female patients. Their median age was 15.5 years (range 5-71 years). The median margin dose was 11 Gy (range 8-20 Gy). The median target volume was 3.1 cm3 (range 0.1-49.9 cm3). Five patients received sequential systemic chemotherapy and four underwent adjuvant conventional radiation therapy. Seventeen (85%) of 20 patients are alive with a median survival of 30.4 months (range 0-85.7 months). Two patients required retreatment. Three patients died: one of unrelated causes, one who presented with extensive local disease, and the other of meningeal carcinomatosis with local control of the primary tumor. No complications from GKS were noted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This initial experience suggests that GKS is a valuable treatment modality for the management of pineal region tumors. This technique offers excellent local tumor control and minimal patient morbidity, allowing for immediate use of systemic chemotherapy and/or conventional radiation if indicated.
authors.affiliation: Miami Neuroscience Center, Coral Gables, Florida 33143, USA. bamendola@internationalradonc.com
authors.forename: Beatriz E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Amendola
authors.forename: Aizik
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Sammie R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Coy
authors.forename: Marco A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Amendola
authors.forename: Daryl
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Eber
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005910:Glioma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018242:Neuroectodermal Tumors, Primitive / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D010871:Pinealoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D013724:Teratoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery