title: Maintenance of eupnea and gasping following alterations in potassium ion concentration of perfusates of in situ rat preparation.
abstract: Levels of extracellular potassium ion, above those in vivo, are required for the generation of rhythmic activities of in vitro preparations. Our purpose was to define whether hyperkalemia in the perfusate of an in situ preparation was likewise necessary for the expression of eupnea and gasping. Studies were performed using the in situ preparation of the juvenile rat, in which activity of the phrenic nerve was recorded as an index of the respiratory rhythm. Eupnea and gasping were impervious to modifications of potassium ion of the perfusate. Eupnea was maintained uninterrupted for more than 60 min whether the total concentration of potassium was hypokalemic (2.75 mM), normokalemic (4.0 mM), or hyperkalemic (6.25 and 7.75 mM). Gasping, with identical characteristics, was elicited at any concentration of potassium ion. We conclude that both eupnea and gasping are unaffected by modest changes in the concentration of potassium ion in the perfusate with which the in situ rat preparation is maintained. These results add further support to the conclusion that the in situ preparation represents a model that accurately reproduces mechanisms of rhythm generation of both eupnea and gasping in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Dartmouth-Hitchcock Medical Center, Lebanon, NH 03756, USA. walter.m.stjohn@dartmouth.edu
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: St-John
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Rudkin
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Harris
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Leiter
authors.forename: J F R
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Paton
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006947:Hyperkalemia / Q000503:physiopathology; D007008:Hypokalemia / Q000503:physiopathology; D008954:Models, Biological; D009448:Neurochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D009482:Neurophysiology / Q000379:methods*; D010477:Perfusion / Q000379:methods*; D010507:Periodicity; D010791:Phrenic Nerve / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood* / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D012143:Respiratory Physiological Phenomena / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D011188:Potassium