title: The deacetylase HDAC1 negatively regulates the cardiovascular transcription factor Krüppel-like factor 5 through direct interaction.
abstract: Transcription is regulated by a network of transcription factors and related cofactors that act in concert with the general transcription machinery. Elucidating their underlying interactions is important for understanding the mechanisms regulating transcription. Recently, we have shown that Krüppel-like factor KLF5, a member of the Sp/KLF family of zinc finger factors and a key regulator of cardiovascular remodeling, is regulated positively by the acetylase p300 and negatively by the oncogenic regulator SET through coupled interaction and regulation of acetylation. Here, we have shown that the deacetylase HDAC1 can negatively regulate KLF5 through direct interaction. KLF5 interacts with HDAC1 in the cell and in vitro. Gel shift DNA binding assay showed that their interaction inhibits the DNA binding activity of KLF5, suggesting a property of HDAC1 to directly affect the DNA binding affinity of a transcription factor. Reporter assay also revealed that HDAC1 suppresses KLF5-dependent promoter activation. Additionally, overexpression of HDAC1 suppressed KLF5-dependent activation of its endogenous downstream gene, platelet-derived growth factor-A chain gene, when activated by phorbol ester. Further, HDAC1 binds to the first zinc finger of KLF5, which is the same region where p300 interacts with KLF5 and, intriguingly, HDAC1 inhibits binding of p300 to KLF5. Direct competitive interaction between acetylase and deacetylase has been hitherto unknown. Collectively, the transcription factor KLF5 is negatively regulated by the deacetylase HDAC1 through direct effects on its activities (DNA binding activity, promoter activation) and further through inhibition of interaction with p300. These findings suggest a novel role and mechanism for regulation of transcription by deacetylase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
authors.forename: Takayoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aizawa
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Munemasa
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muto
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horikoshi
authors.forename: Ryozo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nagai
mesh_terms: D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000378:metabolism; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006367:HeLa Cells; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D056284:Histone Deacetylase 1; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D008954:Models, Biological; D008957:Models, Genetic; D010703:Phorbol Esters; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014162:Transfection; D016335:Zinc Fingers; D050880:p300-CBP Transcription Factors; D000099224:p300-CBP-Associated Factor
chemical_list: D000123:Acetyltransferases; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004247:DNA; D017931:DNA Primers; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D056284:Histone Deacetylase 1; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D010703:Phorbol Esters; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D050880:p300-CBP Transcription Factors; D000099224:p300-CBP-Associated Factor; C492214:KLF5 protein, human; C075278:platelet-derived growth factor A; C110550:HDAC1 protein, human