title: Effect of the protein kinase C inhibitor, staurosporine, on the high dose of methamphetamine-induced behavioral sensitization to dizocilpine (MK-801).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In our preliminary study, methamphetamine (METH) at 2.5 mg/kg, but not at 1.0 mg/kg, induced a delayed increase in glutamate levels in the nucleus accumbens (NAc). We hypothesize that repeated increases in glutamate levels produces behavioral sensitization to a selective uncompetitive N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, dizocilpine (MK-801), and that an activation of protein kinase C (PKC) plays an important role for this sensitization.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted to confirm delayed increases in glutamate levels induced by a higher dose of METH (2.5 mg/kg), and to examine the effect of straurosporine, a PKC inhibitor, on the higher dose of METH-induced sensitization to dizocilpine.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effects of METH on extracellular glutamate levels in the NAc were studied using in vivo microdialysis. Locomotor activity was measured by using an infrared sensor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  METH at 2.5 mg/kg, but not at 1.0 mg/kg, induced delayed increases in glutamate levels. The acute administration of staurosporine did not affect the locomotor activity by a single injection of METH (2.5 mg/kg). Repeated METH administrations (2.5 mg/kg, once in every other day, for five times) developed behavioral sensitization to the locomotion-inducing effect of dizocilpine (0.2 mg/kg), a selective uncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist. Staurosporine (0.1 mg/kg), given 120 min later for every METH treatment, inhibited the development of behavioral sensitization to dizocilpine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest the involvement of increased glutamate levels and an activation of PKC in delayed-induced synaptic and cellular plasticity underlying the higher dose of METH-induced behavioral sensitization to dizocilpine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry of Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai Mental Health Center, 600 Wan Ping Nan Road, Shanghai, 200030, China. fang-yr@online.sh.cn
authors.forename: Y R
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abekawa
authors.forename: X B
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Z C
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koyama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D019311:Staurosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D008694:Methamphetamine; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D019311:Staurosporine