title: Sputum induction as a research tool for the study of human respiratory mucus.
abstract: The study objectives were to compare in vitro transportability and physical properties of respiratory mucus, obtained invasively by direct collection (DC) right after endotracheal intubation and non-invasively by sputum induction with 3% hypertonic saline solution inhalation (SI) 24 h before the anesthesia. Twenty-two patients with no pulmonary disease scheduled for elective abdominal surgical procedures were studied. The parameters analyzed and the main results are as follows. (1) Transportability by cilia (MCT), SI was higher than DC (0.94+/-0.25 and 0.62+/-0.25; P<0.001). There was a significant correlation between the two methods and DC could be estimated by: DC=0.21+(0.44 SI) (r=0.44; P<0.001). (2) Transportability by cough (CC), SI was higher than DC (68.23+/-32.1 and 33.58+/-19.04 mm; P=0.002). (3) Contact angle (CA), SI was lower than DC (10+/-3 degrees and 22+/-14 degrees ; P=0.025). (4) Rheological properties (no significant difference obtained between SI and DC). These results indicated that SI changes mucus physical properties and transportability in non-expectorators.
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Diseases, Heart Institution (InCor)/HC, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil. yagi@lim05.fm.usp.br
authors.forename: Claudia S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Albertini-Yagi
authors.forename: Regiani C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Joaquim E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.forename: Elnara M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Negri
authors.forename: Luciana R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: de Oliveira
authors.forename: Paulo H N
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Saldiva
authors.forename: Geraldo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lorenzi-Filho
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009079:Mucociliary Clearance / Q000502:physiology*; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012212:Rheology / Q000379:methods; D013183:Sputum / Q000502:physiology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric