title: Modulation of estrogen signaling by the novel interaction of heat shock protein 27, a biomarker for atherosclerosis, and estrogen receptor beta: mechanistic insight into the vascular effects of estrogens.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to discover proteins that associate with estrogen receptor beta (ERbeta) and modulate estrogen signaling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using a yeast 2-hybrid screen, we identified heat shock protein 27 (HSP27) as an ERbeta-associated protein. HSP27 is a recently identified biomarker of atherosclerosis that is secreted at reduced levels from atherosclerotic compared with normal arteries. In vitro protein-binding assays confirmed the specific interaction of HSP27 with ERbeta and not ERalpha. HSP27 expression was absent in coronary arteries with complex atherosclerotic lesions. Interestingly, HSP27 expression was also absent in 60% of coronary arteries from young males and females (27+/-6.5 years) with normal histology or nonobstructive fatty streaks/atheromas. Moreover, the absence of HSP27 in these normal or minimally diseased arteries coincided with the loss of ERbeta expression. Only 35% of arteries showed coexpression of HSP27 and ERbeta. Relative to controls, estradiol-mediated transcription was reduced 20% with overexpression of HSP27 and increased 44% when HSP27 protein levels were reduced with HSP27 siRNA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HSP27, an ERbeta-associated protein, shows attenuated expression with coronary atherosclerosis and modulates estrogen signaling.
authors.affiliation: University of Ottawa Heart Institute, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Harvey
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Poon
authors.forename: Benjamin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hibbert
authors.forename: Katey
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rayner
authors.forename: Yong-Xiang
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Edward R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: O'Brien
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000378:metabolism; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D055551:HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D047629:Estrogen Receptor beta; D004967:Estrogens; D055551:HSP27 Heat-Shock Proteins; C057725:HSPB1 protein, human; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins