title: Interactions between obstructive sleep apnea and the metabolic syndrome.
abstract: The metabolic syndrome, an emerging public health problem, represents a constellation of cardiovascular risk factors. It has been suggested that the presence of obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) may increase the risk of developing some of the features of the metabolic syndrome, including hypertension, insulin resistance, and type 2 diabetes. In this article, we discuss the parallels between the metabolic syndrome and obstructive sleep apnea and describe possible OSA-related factors that may contribute to the metabolic syndrome, specifically the roles of obesity, hypertension, dyslipidemia, sex hormones, inflammation, vascular dysfunction, leptin, insulin resistance, and sleep deprivation.
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street, SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Svatikova
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wolk
authors.forename: Apoor S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Gami
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pohanka
authors.forename: Virend K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Somers
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology; D020738:Leptin / Q000502:physiology; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D020738:Leptin