title: Basic mechanism of three-dimensional collagen fibre transport by fibroblasts.
abstract: Collagen remodelling by fibroblasts has a crucial role in organizing tissue structures that are essential to motility during wound repair, development and regulation of cell growth. However, the mechanism of collagen fibre movement in three-dimensional (3D) matrices is not understood. Here, we show that fibroblast lamellipodia extend along held collagen fibres, bind, and retract them in a 'hand-over-hand' cycle, involving alpha2beta1 integrin. Wild-type fibroblasts move collagen fibres three to four times farther per cycle than fibroblasts lacking myosin II-B (myosin II-B(-/-)). Similarly, myosin II-B(-/-) fibroblasts contract 3D collagen gels threefold less than controls. On two-dimensional (2D) substrates, however, rates of collagen bead and cell movement are not affected by loss of myosin II-B. Green fluorescent protein (GFP)-tagged myosin II-B, but not II-A, restores normal function in knockout cells and localizes to cell processes, whereas myosin II-A is more centrally located. Additionally, GFP-myosin II-B moves out to the periphery and back during hand-over-hand fibre movement, whereas on 2D collagen, myosin II-B is more centrally distributed. Thus, we suggest that cyclic myosin II-B assembly and contraction in lamellipodia power 3D fibre movements.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Columbia University, New York, NY 10027, USA.
authors.forename: Adam S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Meshel
authors.forename: Qize
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Adelstein
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Sheetz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002465:Cell Movement; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism*; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D038982:Integrin alpha2beta1 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D024507:Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA / Q000378:metabolism; D024501:Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB; D011554:Pseudopodia / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D038982:Integrin alpha2beta1; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D003094:Collagen; D024507:Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIA; D024501:Nonmuscle Myosin Type IIB