title: [Efficiency of a four-day course of pristinamycin compared to a five-day course of cefuroxime axetil for acute bacterial maxillary sinusitis in adult outpatients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this multicentric, randomized, double blind study was to demonstrate that a 4-day treatment with pristinamycin 1 g bid was as efficient as a 5-day treatment with cefuroxime axetil 250 mg bid in adults presenting with an acute maxillary sinusitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical diagnosis was based on the association of sub-orbital pain, purulent rhinorrhea and purulent discharge on the middle nasal meatus and was confirmed radiologically. A rhinoscopic bacteriologic sampling was made on the middle nasal meatus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four hundred and eighty five patients were included in the study: in France (n = 301), Tunisia (n = 48), Poland (n = 69) and Argentina (n = 67) between January 2001 and February 2002. Cultures were positive in 199/434 patients (46%), mainly S. pneumoniae (34.2%), H. influenzae (21.5%), S. aureus (15.4%), and M. catharralis (7.9%). The clinical cure rate at day 12-19 in the per protocol population, the main study criterion, was equal to 91.4% (201/220) and 91.1% (195/214) respectively in the pristinamycin and cefuroxime axetil groups; delta = 0.14%; 95%CI: [-5.1%; 5.3%]. The non-inferiority of 4-day pristinamycin versus 5-day cefuroxime axetil was demonstrated. The efficacy at follow up after treatment (day 26-31) was 88.6% and 85.8% respectively, confirming the non-inferiority. The bacteriological cure rate at day 12-19 was 87% (87/100) and 87.9% (87/99) respectively. Both treatments were well tolerated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A 4-day course with pristinamycin 1 g bid is as effective as a 5-day course of cefuroxime axetil 250 mg bid in the treatment of acute maxillary sinusitis in adults.
authors.affiliation: Service ORL, hôpital Bichat-Claude-Bernard, 46, rue Henri-Huchard, 75877 Paris cedex 18, France. pierre.gehanno@bch.ap-hop-paris.fr
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gehanno
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Berche
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Hercot
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: d'Arras
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cabrillac-Rives
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Derobert
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Choné
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015523:Maxillary Sinusitis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D025762:Pristinamycin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D025762:Pristinamycin