title: Endothelial function and dysfunction. Part II: Association with cardiovascular risk factors and diseases. A statement by the Working Group on Endothelins and Endothelial Factors of the European Society of Hypertension.
abstract: Dysfunction of the vascular endothelium is a hallmark of most conditions that are associated with atherosclerosis and is therefore held to be an early feature in atherogenesis. However, the mechanisms by which endothelial dysfunction occurs in smoking, dyslipidaemia, hyperhomocysteinaemia, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, cerebrovascular diseases, coronary artery disease and heart failure are complex and heterogeneous. Recent data indicate that endothelial dysfunction is often associated with erectile dysfunction, which can precede and predict cardiovascular disease in men. This paper will provide a concise overview of the mechanisms causing endothelial dysfunction in the different cardiovascular risk factors and disease conditions, and of the impact of the intervention measures and treatments.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, University Hospital, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Hanspeter
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brunner
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Cockcroft
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deanfield
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Donald
authors.forename: Ele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ferrannini
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Halcox
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kiowski
authors.forename: Thomas F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Lüscher
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mancia
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Natali
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Oliver
authors.forename: Achille C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Pessina
authors.forename: Damiano
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rizzoni
authors.forename: Gian Paolo
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salvetti
authors.forename: Lukas E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Spieker
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taddei
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Webb
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide