title: Laparoscopic nephron-sparing surgery for a renal mass: 1-year minimum follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Because of the explosion of laparoscopy in urology coinciding with the excellent results of open nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) for small renal masses, laparoscopic NSS has become an alternative to an open surgical approach. We report our results with laparoscopic NSS in patients who have had a minimum of 1 year of follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  All consecutive laparoscopic partial nephrectomies from November 1998 through February 2002 were assessed. The mean patient age, body mass index, and American Society of Anesthesiology score were 57.1 years, 28.5 cm/kg2, and 2.0, respectively. The procedures were performed using hand-assisted (N = 28) or standard (N = 12) laparoscopic techniques. Hospital records were reviewed in order to obtain operative, perioperative, and follow-up data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median operating room time, estimated blood loss, and hospital stay were 184 minutes, 300 mL, and 2.0 days, respectively. No patients were converted to an open surgical procedure. Four patients (10%) required a blood transfusion, and one (2.5%) had a postoperative urinoma. The mean tumor size was 2.3 cm. Twenty-nine lesions were renal-cell carcinoma, and 11 were benign. With a mean CT scan follow-up of 100.0 weeks, there has not been any recurrence of renal-cell carcinoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic NSS can be performed with acceptable complication rates, which will continue to decrease as newer methods of controlling hemostasis are developed. Although follow-up is fairly short, no renal-cell carcinoma recurrences have appeared. At this point in time, the oncologic efficacy of a laparoscopic approach appears to mirror that of the open surgical technique.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Michigan Health System, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109-0330, USA.
authors.forename: Brian D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Seifman
authors.forename: Brent K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Hollenbeck
authors.forename: J Stuart
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Wolf
mesh_terms: D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D009392:Nephrectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D011183:Postoperative Complications