title: Early fetal liver readily repopulates B lymphopoiesis in adult bone marrow.
abstract: Fetal liver (FL) becomes a major organ of hematopoiesis at mouse embryonic day (E) 11 and E12, when definitive hematopoietic stem cells, originating from the aorta-gonads-mesonephros region, colonize the hepatic tissue. Unipotent B-cell progenitors are very rare in FL by day 12, whereas erythropoiesis prevails. We have studied hematopoiesis in FL from different gestational ages, with special emphasis on B lymphopoiesis. The mRNA levels of selected liver-specific genes, hematopoietic lineage-specific genes, and genes for selected cytokines/hormones as well as for their receptors were evaluated by real-time polymerase chain reaction in FL from E12.5, E14.5, and E17.5, adult liver and adult bone marrow (BM). The level of B lineage-related gene expression in FL was very low at E12.5. There was also a significantly lower fraction of B220+ and CD19+ B cells in E12.5 FL compared with E17.5 FL. To analyze whether these differences reflect different stem cell potentials occurring during FL development, 10(6) or 5 x 10(6) of FL cells collected from embryos at E12.5 or E17.5 and those from adult BM were transplanted into sublethally irradiated (3- or 6-Gy) congenic mice. Short-term and long-term repopulation of B and T cells and granulocyte/macrophage lineages from donor FL or adult BM cells were evaluated in competition to adult hematopoiesis of sublethally irradiated recipients. In short-term repopulation, the transplantation of E12.5 FL cells resulted in a lower blood chimerism compared with that of E17.5 FL cells. However, the proportion of B lymphopoiesis exerted by E12.5 FL cells was not different from that of E17.5 FL or adult BM. This study demonstrates that E12.5 FL contains hematopoietic stem cells with fully developed B-cell repopulating capacity and that the developmental period of fetal hematopoiesis between E12.5 and E17.5 is not an obligatory phase for the adult B lymphopoiesis.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathological Physiology, First Medical Faculty, Charles University, U Nemocnice 5, 128 53 Prague, Czech Republic. kotungc@bcm.tmc.edu
authors.forename: Ko-Tung
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Ludek
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sefc
authors.forename: Oskar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Psenák
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vokurka
authors.forename: Emanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Necas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D019070:Cell Lineage / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D005865:Gestational Age; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D008099:Liver / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D038041:Lymphopoiesis / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D011247:Pregnancy