Basic mechanisms of humoral rejection.
Humoral rejection is among the most vexing problems afflicting organ transplants. Triggered by antibodies predominantly against donor human leukocyte (HLA), humoral rejection can now be understood through consideration of basic mechanisms of immunity to foreign antigens and impact of humoral immunity on blood vessels. Basic considerations may also shed light on mechanisms by which various treatments have recently brought about vastly improved outcomes.
Cascalho
Marilia
M
Transplantation Biology and the Departments of Immunology, Surgery and Pediatrics, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
Platt
Jeffrey L
JL
D000917:Antibody Formation; D018951:Antigens, CD20 / Q000276:immunology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002648:Child; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D010956:Plasmapheresis; D013156:Splenectomy; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
D018951:Antigens, CD20