title: Prognostic factors in locally advanced colon cancer treated by extended resection.
abstract: The impact of clinical, pathologic, and surgical variables on the postoperative morbidity, mortality, and survival of patients undergoing extended resections of colon carcinoma were evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of 95 patients who underwent extended resections for colon carcinoma between 1953 and 1996 were reviewed. In all cases, in addition to colectomy, 1 or more organs and/or structures were resected en bloc due to a macroscopically based suspicion of tumor invasion. The clinical, pathologic, and surgical parameters were analyzed. Overall survival rates were analyzed according to the method of Kaplan and Meier. Multivariate analysis was performed using the Cox proportional hazards model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty-six patients were treated by curative surgeries and the remaining by palliative resections. Invasion of the organs and/or adjacent structures and regional lymph nodes was found microscopically in 48 and 31 patients, respectively. The median follow-up without postoperative mortality was 47.7 months. The 5-year overall survival rates was 52.6%. The 5-year overall survival rates for patients undergoing curative and palliative surgeries was 58.3% and 0%, respectively. The mean survival time in the palliative surgery group was 3.1 months. Multivariate analysis showed that Karnofsky performance status was strongly related to the risk of postoperative complications (P = .01), and postoperative deaths were associated with the type of surgery and Karnofsky performance status at the time of admission (P = .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some patients with locally advanced colon adenocarcinomas undergoing extended resections have a 5-year overall survival rates of 58.3%. Patients could benefit from palliative-intent procedures, but these measures should cautiously be indicated and avoided in patients with low Karnofsky performance status due to high rates of postoperative mortality and poor survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pelvic Surgery and Pathology, Hospital do Câncer A. C. Camargo, Fundação Antonio Prudente, São Paulo, SP, Brasil.
authors.forename: René A C
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.forename: Ademar
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lopes
authors.forename: Paulo A C
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.forename: Benedito M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Wilson T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Fabio O
authors.initials: FO
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Celso A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Melo
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D017567:Karnofsky Performance Status; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis