title: Hinderin, a five-domains protein including coiled-coil motifs that binds to SMC3.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The structural maintenance of chromosome proteins SMC1 and SMC3 play an important role in the maintenance of chromosomal integrity by preventing the premature separation of the sister chromatids at the onset of anaphase. The two proteins are constitutive components of the multimeric complex cohesin and form dimers by interacting at their central globular regions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In order to identify proteins that by binding to SMC3 may interfere with the protein dimerization process, a human cDNA library was screened by the yeast two-hybrid system by using the hinge region of SMC3 as bait. This has lead to the identification of Hinderin, a novel five domains protein including two coiled-coil motifs and sharing a strikingly structural similarity to the SMC family of proteins. Hinderin is ubiquitously expressed in human tissues. Orthologue forms of the protein are present in other vertebrates but not in lower organisms. A mapping of the interaction sites revealed that the N- and C-terminal globular domains mediate the binding of Hinderin to SMC3. Hinderin/SMC3 complexes could be recovered by immunoprecipitation from cell lysates using an anti-SMC3 antibody, thus demonstrating that the two proteins interact in vivo. On the contrary, Hinderin did not interact with SMC1. In vivo the rate of SMC1/SMC3 interaction was decreased by the ectopic expression of Hinderin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hinderin is a novel binding partner of SMC3. Based on its ability to modulate SMC1/SMC3 interaction we postulate that Hinderin affects the availability of SMC3 to engage in the formation of multimeric protein complexes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, 19107, USA. chirag.x.patel@jefferson.edu
authors.forename: Chirag A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ghiselli
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D001665:Binding Sites; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques; D000098550:Structural Maintenance of Chromosome Protein 1
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D011508:Chondroitin Sulfate Proteoglycans; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; C509344:KIAA1328 protein, human; C492318:SMC3 protein, human; D000098550:Structural Maintenance of Chromosome Protein 1