title: Skeletal muscle total creatine content and creatine transporter gene expression in vegetarians prior to and following creatine supplementation.
abstract: This study examined the effect of vegetarianism on skeletal muscle total creatine (TCr) content and creatine transporter (CreaT) gene expression, prior to and during 5 d of Cr supplementation (CrS). In a double-blind, crossover design, 7 vegetarians (VEG) and nonvegetarians (NVEG) were assigned Cr or placebo supplements for 5 d and after 5 wk, received the alternative treatment. Muscle sampling occurred before, and after 1 and 5 d of treatment ingestion. Basal muscle TCr content was lower (P < 0.05) in VEG compared with NVEG. Muscle TCr increased (P < 0.05) throughout the Cr trial in both groups but was greater (P < 0.05) in VEG compared with NVEG, at days 1 and 5. CreaT gene expression was not different between VEG and NVEG. The results indicate that VEG have a lower muscle TCr content and an increased capacity to load Cr into muscle following CrS. Muscle CreaT gene expression does not appear to be affected by vegetarianism.
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, Deakin University, Burwood, Australia.
authors.forename: Kenneth K O
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Watt
authors.forename: Andrew P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Garnham
authors.forename: Rodney J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Snow
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003401:Creatine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D014676:Diet, Vegetarian; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D016482:Urinalysis
chemical_list: D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; C080679:creatine transporter; D003401:Creatine