title: Managing varicoceles in children: results with microsurgical varicocelectomy.
abstract: Authors from New York present their experience of elective varicocelectomy, using microsurgical techniques, in a large series of children. They found the procedure to be safe and effective, and gave a much lower complication rate than the published rate in open varicocelectomy. The results of urethroplasty in post-traumatic paediatric urethral strictures are presented by authors from Mansoura. They found the overall success of one-stage perineal anastomotic repair of such strictures to be excellent, with very little morbidity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To report our experience of microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy in boys aged < or = 18 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Boys aged < or = 18 years treated with microsurgical varicocelectomy between 1996 and 2000 at one institution were retrospectively reviewed. Indications for surgery included ipsilateral testicular atrophy, large varicocele or pain. Microsurgery was assisted by an operating microscope (x10-25) allowing preservation of the lymphatics, and the testicular and cremasteric arteries. Patient age, varicocele grade, complications and follow-up interval were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all there were 97 microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomies (23 bilateral) in 74 boys (mean age 14.7 years). Left-sided varicoceles were significantly larger (mean grade 2.9) than right-sided (mean grade 1.4) varicoceles. The mean follow-up was 9.6 months. There were four complications: two hydroceles, of which one resolved spontaneously after 4 months; one patient had persistent orchialgia that resolved after 8 months; and one developed hypertrophic scarring at the inguinal incision site. There were no infections, haematomas or intraoperative injuries to the vas deferens or testicular arteries. All boys were discharged home on the day of surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy in boys is a safe, minimally invasive and effective means of treating varicoceles. Compared with published results of the retroperitoneal mass ligation technique, which has a 15% overall complication rate and a 7-9% hydrocele occurrence rate, the microsurgical subinguinal approach appears to offer less morbidity, with a 1% hydrocele rate. We consider that microsurgical subinguinal varicocelectomy offers the best results with lower morbidity than other techniques.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Paediatric Urology, Children's Hospital of New York, Center for Male Reproductive Medicine and Microsurgery, Cornell Institute for Reproductive Medicine, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schiff
authors.forename: Cathy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goldstein
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schlegel
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schelgel
authors.forename: Dix
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Poppas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013085:Spermatic Cord / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014646:Varicocele / Q000601:surgery*