title: Sensory and cognitive mechanisms for preattentive change detection in auditory cortex.
abstract: In order to react adequately to potentially relevant information outside the focus of attention, our brain preattentively scans the acoustic environment for irregularities. Two different mechanisms are currently discussed: (i) a sensory one based on differential states of refractoriness of neurons sensitive to the features of a regular event and of neurons sensitive to features of an irregular event; (ii) a cognitive one based on a comparison of short-lived memory representations encoding current stimulation and the invariance inherent in recent recurrent stimulation. Here, we identified regions that mediate either of the two mechanisms by combining functional magnetic resonance imaging with an experimental protocol controlling for refractoriness. The sensory mechanism was associated with activity in the primary auditory cortex, whereas the cognitive one revealed activity in nonprimary auditory areas in the anterior part of Heschl's Gyrus. Moreover, it turned out that in the traditional oddball paradigm both mechanisms contribute to irregularity detection.
authors.affiliation: Experimental Neuropsychology Unit, Saarland University, PO Box 15 11 50, 66041 Saarbrücken, Germany. b.opitz@mx.uni-saarland.de
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Opitz
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schröger
authors.forename: D Yes
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: von Cramon
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D000328:Adult; D001303:Auditory Cortex / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D010545:Peroxides / Q000097:blood; D014508:Urea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D010545:Peroxides; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D014508:Urea