title: Modified constraint-induced therapy in acute stroke: a randomized controlled pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine modified constraint-induced therapy (mCIT) feasibility and compare its efficacy to traditional rehabilitation (TR) in acute stroke patients exhibiting upper limb hemiparesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Before-after, multiple baseline, randomized controlled pilot study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rehabilitation hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten stroke patients < 14 d poststroke and exhibiting upper limb hemiparesis and affected limb nonuse.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five patients were administered mCIT, consisting of structured therapy emphasizing more affected arm use in valued activities 3 d/week for 10 weeks and less affected arm restraint 5 d/week for 5 h. Five other patients received 1/2 sessions of traditional motor rehabilitation for the affected arm, which included affected limb manual dexterity exercises and stretching, as well as compensatory strategies with the unaffected limb. The TR regimens occurred 3 d/week for 10 weeks.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Motor Recovery (Fugl-Meyer), Action Research Arm Test (ARA), and Motor Activity Log (MAL).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before intervention, all patients exhibited stable motor deficits and more affected arm nonuse. After intervention, mCIT patients displayed increased affected arm use (+ 2.43 on the MAL amount of use scale), uniformly exhibited increases on the Fugl-Meyer and ARA (mean change scores = + 18.7 and + 21.7, respectively), and were able to again perform valued activities. TR patients exhibited nominal change in affected limb use (+ 0.07 on the MAL amount of use scale) and modest changes on the Fugl-Meyer and ARA (+ 4.4 and + 4.8, respectively). Fugl-Meyer and ARA changes were significant for the mCIT group only (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  mCIT is a promising regimen for improving more affected limb use and function in acute cerebrovascular accident. However, larger confirmatory studies need to be performed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Institute for Health Policy and Health Services Research, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, OH 45267, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Page
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: Anthony C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Leonard
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D001132:Arm; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D010291:Paresis / Q000534:rehabilitation* / Q000628:therapy*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D020521:Stroke / Q000628:therapy*; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D016896:Treatment Outcome