title: Physicians' views of interventions to reduce medical errors: does evidence of effectiveness matter?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Despite widespread public attention and numerous ongoing patient safety initiatives, physicians are skeptical of the most commonly prescribed interventions to reduce medical errors. This study examined the association between the published evidence of effectiveness of interventions to reduce medical errors and physicians' ratings of the effectiveness of those interventions. It further assessed whether academic affiliation was associated with physicians' ratings of effectiveness.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors conducted a literature review seeking evidence of effectiveness of 13 interventions to reduce medical errors. A four-page questionnaire was sent to a random sample of 1,332 U.S. physicians in the spring of 2002. A total of 831 (62%) responded, providing ratings of the perceived effectiveness of these interventions to reduce medical errors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified published evidence of effectiveness for six of the 13 interventions. Physicians rated 34% of these and 29% of the interventions without published evidence as "very effective" (p < .01). Physicians with an academic affiliation and those in practice for more years were slightly more likely to rate interventions with published evidence as "very effective."
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Physicians' ratings of the effectiveness of interventions to reduce medical errors are only weakly associated with published evidence of effectiveness. More evidence, better dissemination strategies for existing evidence such as inclusion in medical school curriculum or recertification examinations, and a focus on removing barriers to interventions may be needed to engage physicians in moving patient safety interventions into medical practice.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Medicine, University of Michigan Health Systems, 300 North Ingalls, Suite 7C27, Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. abrosen@umich.edu
authors.forename: Allison B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Blendon
authors.forename: Catherine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: DesRoches
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Benson
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Bates
authors.forename: Mollyann
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brodie
authors.forename: Drew E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Altman
authors.forename: Kinga
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zapert
authors.forename: Annie E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Steffenson
authors.forename: Eric C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Schneider
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019300:Medical Errors / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010820:Physicians / Q000523:psychology*; D017751:Safety Management / Q000379:methods*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States