Low physical activity as a predictor for antihypertensive drug treatment in 25-64-year-old populations in eastern and south-western Finland.
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether low leisure-time physical activity, occupational physical activity and commuting activity independently increase the risk of hypertension when adjusted for most risk factors for hypertension and for different forms of physical activity.


METHODS
Population-based prospective cohort study.


METHODS
Eastern and south-western Finland.


METHODS
Men (n = 5935) and women (n = 6227) aged 25-64 years.


METHODS
Initiation of free-of-charge medication for hypertension during a mean follow-up time of 11.3 years.


RESULTS
Men with high leisure-time physical activity had a reduced risk of hypertension when adjustment had been made for age, area and year of survey, education, smoking, alcohol intake, baseline systolic blood pressure (SBP), body mass index (BMI), commuting activity and occupational physical activity [hazard ratio (HR) 0.79; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.63 to 0.99]. Women with high leisure-time physical activity had a reduced risk of hypertension when adjusted for age, area and time of survey (HR 0.65; 95% CI 0.46 to 0.91). This association was no longer significant when further adjustments were made for other covariates (HR 0.73; 95% CI 0.52 to 1.03). High occupational physical activity reduced the risk of hypertension only among men and women combined when adjustment was made for age, area and time of survey, education, smoking and alcohol intake, in addition to baseline SBP, BMI, commuting activity and leisure-time physical activity (HR 0.83; 95% CI 0.72 to 0.96). Commuting activity was not associated with risk of hypertension in multivariate models.


CONCLUSIONS
High levels of leisure-time physical activity are associated with a reduced risk of hypertension, independently of most common risk factors for hypertension, occupational physical activity and commuting activity. Promoting leisure-time physical activity is essential to prevent hypertension.
Barengo
Noël C
NC
Department of Public Health and General Practice, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland. noel.barengo@uku.fi
Hu
Gang
G
Kastarinen
Mika
M
Lakka
Timo A
TA
Pekkarinen
Heikki
H
Nissinen
Aulikki
A
Tuomilehto
Jaakko
J
D000328:Adult; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007899:Leisure Activities; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000959:Antihypertensive Agents