title: Olfactory neuroblastoma: the 22-year experience at one comprehensive cancer center.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Olfactory neuroblastoma (ONB) is a rare tumor arising from the olfactory neuroepithelium. There is no universally accepted staging system, and treatment approaches lack uniformity. We present one institution's experience with this tumor and the results of therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients treated for ONB at The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center between 1979 and 2002 were retrospectively reviewed. The diagnosis of ONB was histologically confirmed for each patient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean follow-up was 7.32 years. In 77% of cases, patients received treatment with surgery followed by postoperative radiation therapy. Sixteen percent received chemotherapy as part of their initial treatment. Overall 5-year and 10-year survival rates were 89% and 81%, respectively. Nine patients whose disease was initially stage C had a recurrence. The mean time for recurrence was 4.67 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The M. D. Anderson Cancer Center approach to ONB is complete surgical resection, usually involving a craniofacial approach, with postoperative radiation therapy. This approach seems to be curative in early-stage disease. Late recurrence warrants long-term follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Blvd, Unit 441, Houston, TX 77030, USA. ediaz@mdanderson.org
authors.forename: Eduardo M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.forename: Richard H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Johnigan
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pero
authors.forename: Adel K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: El-Naggar
authors.forename: Dianna B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Barker
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: DeMonte
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D018304:Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009296:Nasal Cavity; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D013781:Texas; D016896:Treatment Outcome