title: [Quality assurance in echocardiography. Three-level system in formation and qualifying and concept of an external quality review].
abstract: Measures of quality assurance in echocardiography can be categorized according to standard principles into measures of reviewing structure, processing, and results. This document contains 1) the description of a three level system for education and qualifying in echocardiographic examinations (quality of structure) and 2) the draft of an external quality assurance process for reviewing the results of one echocardiographic investigator or of one laboratory of echocardiography (quality of results). The document also contains a draft description of a nationwide independent institution for certification, which is needed for both projects.A level 1 investigator should be able to perform and interpret a basic investigation. A basic investigation allows to exclude most of all cardiac diseases that can be diagnosed by echocardiography, and pathological findings should be filtered out. A level 2 investigator is able to perform an extended examination, and a comprehensive echocardiographic diagnosis can be established after her or his examination. Additional specific training and experience is necessary to be certified for TEE and stress echo examinations. A level 3 echocardiographer has done research work in echocardiography and should have performed certified teaching courses in echocardiography. The external quality assurance process should provide the possibility to certify the results and reports of a single investigator or of an echo laboratory, according to standard principles of reviewing the records. The process of certification is exclusively performed on a voluntary basis. The nationwide institution of certification should be part of the academy of education in cardiology of the German Society of Cardiology.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Innere Medizin und Kardiologie, St.-Vinzenz-Hospital, Merheimer Strasse 221-223, 50733 Köln, Germany. wf@wfehske.k.uunet.de
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Fehske
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Buck
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hagendorff
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: von Bardeleben
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Voelker
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heinemann
mesh_terms: D002309:Cardiology / Q000193:education*; D002568:Certification; D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards*; D003479:Curriculum / Q000592:standards; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000592:standards*; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000592:standards*; D005858:Germany; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000592:standards*