Acute and long-term alteration of chemokine mRNA expression after anti-viral and anti-inflammatory treatment in herpes simplex virus encephalitis.
Mortality and morbidity rates remain high among patients with herpes simplex virus encephalitis (HSVE). Chemokine-mediated recruitment and activation of leukocytes to focal areas of viral CNS infection are crucial steps in antiviral response and clearance. However, the inflammatory reaction and cellular antiviral response may enhance collateral damage to neurons and account for chronic progressive brain damage. We identified a specific mRNA expression of the interferon-gamma-inducible chemokines (CXCL9, CXCL10 and CXCL11), and RANTES (CCL5) in the acute course and long-term of experimental HSVE. This pattern was substantially altered by anti-viral and anti-inflammatory treatment. Our findings indicate a pivotal role of these chemokines in the immunopathogenesis of HSVE.
Sellner
Johann
J
Department of Neurology, Im Neuenheimer Feld 400, Ruprecht-Karls-University Heidelberg, D-69120 Heidelberg, Germany. johann.sellner@ifik.unibe.ch
Dvorak
Florian
F
Zhou
Yilin
Y
Haas
Jürgen
J
Kehm
Roland
R
Wildemann
Brigitte
B
Meyding-Lamadè
Uta
U
D000212:Acyclovir / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018925:Chemokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D020803:Encephalitis, Herpes Simplex / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051379:Mice; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors; D019562:Viral Load / Q000379:methods
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D018925:Chemokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000212:Acyclovir; D008775:Methylprednisolone