title: Laparoscopic radical prostatectomy: is intact organ removal attainable? Study of margin status.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the initial oncologic results (pathology) of specimens removed by laparoscopic radical prostatectomy (LRP) by examining the surgical margins.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 70 consecutive LRP procedures performed for clinically localized prostate cancer at Eastern Virginia Medical School from April 2001 to November 2002 were reviewed for preoperative and important intraoperative variables. The initial histopathology report and a prospective review by a single genitourinary pathologist for margin status as well parenchymal exposure of benign glands were assessed. Postoperative prostate specific antigen (PSA) levels were noted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The clinical stage distribution was as follows: T1c = 59, T2a = 10, and T2b = 1. The preoperative median PSA value was 6.96 ng/mL. The mean operative time was 307 minutes. The mean estimated blood loss was 298 mL. The prospective pathologic review results were as follows: 1 pT0 (1.4%), 60 pT2 (85.7%), and 9 pT3 (12.8%). The overall positive surgical-margin rate was 15.7%. Of those patients with pT2 disease; 8 specimens (13.3%) had a positive margin, whereas 33% of patients with pT3 disease had a positive surgical margin. Parenchymal exposure of benign glands on the inked surface was recognized in 8 patients (13.3%). Data from PSA assays 1 month postoperatively were available in 69 patients. Serum PSA was undetectable (< or =0.1 ng/mL) in 67 men (97%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An LRP can offer surgical margins comparable to those of open procedures series reported in the literature. Long-term progression and survival outcome data are necessary before this procedure should be offered as a replacement for open prostatectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Eastern Virginia Medical School, Norfolk, Virginia, USA.
authors.forename: Danny M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Rabah
authors.forename: Paul F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Schellhammer
authors.forename: Jose I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Diaz
authors.forename: Ingolf
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tuerk
authors.forename: Douglas W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Soderdahl
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Fabrizio
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010388:Pelvis; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*