title: Treatment with drugs to lower blood pressure and blood cholesterol based on an individual's absolute cardiovascular risk.
abstract: In this review, we outline the rationale for targeting blood pressure and blood cholesterol lowering drug treatments to patients at high absolute cardiovascular risk, irrespective of their blood pressure or blood cholesterol levels. Because the specific levels of blood pressure and cholesterol are of little clinical relevance when considered in isolation from other risk factors, terms such as hypertension or hypercholesterolaemia have limited value. Separate management guidelines for raised blood pressure and blood cholesterol need to be replaced by integrated cardiovascular risk management guidelines, and absolute cardiovascular risk prediction scores should be used routinely. Since cardiovascular risk factors interact with each other, moderate reductions in several risk factors can be more effective than major reductions in one. An affordable daily pill combining low doses of various drugs could be useful for the many individuals with slightly abnormal cardiovascular risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Section of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Population Health, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Auckland, New Zealand. rt.jackson@auckland.ac.nz
authors.forename: Rod
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Carlene M M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lawes
authors.forename: Derrick A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: Richard J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Milne
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodgers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol