title: Histone deacetylase inhibitors profoundly decrease proliferation of human lymphoid cancer cell lines.
abstract: Methylation of tumor suppressor genes is frequently observed in human cancers. These genes are silenced by histone deacetylase (HDAC) recruited by methylated DNA in their promoter regions. HDAC removes acetyl groups from histones and prevents the basic transcriptional machinary access to the target gene, leading to transcriptional repression. HDAC inhibitors (HDACIs) can restore the expression of the tumor suppressor and/or cell cycle regulatory genes in cancer cells and block the cellular proliferation of these cells. In this study, we investigated the in vitro antiproliferative activities of the HDACIs, suberoylanilide hydroxamic acid (SAHA), and valproic acid against 14 human lymphoid cancer cell lines. All of these cell lines were sensitive to the antiproliferative effects of the HDACI. SAHA induced either G1 or G2-M arrest as well as apoptosis. SAHA downregulated cyclin D1 and D2, and upregulated p53, p21, and p27. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis revealed a remarkable increase in the level of acetylated histones associated with the p21 promoter after SAHA treatment. In nude mice, SAHA significantly inhibited growth of a mantle cell lymphoma without major toxic side effects. In summary, HDACIs are promising therapeutic agents for human lymphoid cancers.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Cedars Sinai Medical Center, UCLA School of Medicine, Los Angeles, CA 90048, USA.
authors.forename: Sakura
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakajiri
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kumagai
authors.forename: Norihiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawamata
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: Jonathan W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Said
authors.forename: H Phillip
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Koeffler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D016193:G1 Phase; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D007938:Leukemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D020522:Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014635:Valproic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077337:Vorinostat
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D000077337:Vorinostat; D014635:Valproic Acid