title: Genetic dissection of immunity in leprosy.
abstract: Leprosy is a chronic infectious disease caused by Mycobacterium leprae that affects an estimated 700,000 new individuals each year. A strong contribution of host genetics to susceptibility to leprosy has long been suggested to account for the considerable variability observed between individuals exposed to M. leprae. As there is no relevant animal model for human leprosy, forward genetics is the main strategy used to identify the genes and, consequently, the immunological pathways involved in protective immunity to M. leprae. With respect to genome-wide screens, a major breakthrough has been reported this year; variants in the regulatory region shared by PARK2 and PACRG have been identified as being common risk factors for leprosy.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Génétique Humaine des Maladies Infectieuses, Université de Paris René Descartes, Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Medicale U.550, Faculté de Médecine Necker, Paris, France, European Union.
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alcaïs
authors.forename: Marcelo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mira
authors.forename: Jean-Laurent
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Casanova
authors.forename: Erwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schurr
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Abel
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D015894:Genome, Human; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity / Q000235:genetics*; D007918:Leprosy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D009166:Mycobacterium leprae / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; C471711:PACRG protein, human; D011506:Proteins; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; C111567:parkin protein