title: In vivo distribution of arsenic after i.p. injection of arsonoliposomes in balb-c mice.
abstract: We recently showed that arsonoliposomes (novel arsenic containg liposomes) demonstrate differential toxicity towards various types of cancer and normal cells, in cell culture studies, as well as anti-parasitic activity. In this study, the in-vivo distribution of the active moiety of these vesicles, As, is evaluated. Sonicated arsonoliposomes were prepared using the arsonolipid with palmitic acid acyl chain (C16) mixed with egg-phosphatidyl choline (PC) and cholesterol (Chol) [C16/PC/Chol at 8:12:10 mol/mol/mol]. A dose of arsonoliposomes, corresponding to 5 mg arsenate/kg was administered by intraperitoneal injection in balb-c mice. At various time points post-injection the mice were sacrificed and the distribution of As in the organs was measured, by atomic absorption spectroscopy. Results demonstrate that a high portion of the dose administered is rapidly excreted; since 1-h post-injection only about 30% of the dose administered was detected cumulatively in the animal tissues. After this the elimination of arsenic was a slow process with a total body elimination rate constant of 0.023 h(-1), corresponding to a half-life of 30 h. Tissues with the highest arsenic concentration during the study period are: spleen-kidneys-stomach, followed by lung, liver, intestines-heart, carcass+skin and finally blood. No acute toxicity, or effect on the body or organ weight of the mice was observed.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Department of Pharmacy, Rio 26500, Greece. santimis@upatras.gr
authors.forename: Sophia G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Antimisiaris
authors.forename: Pavlos
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Klepetsanis
authors.forename: Venetia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Zachariou
authors.forename: Eleftheria
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giannopoulou
authors.forename: Panagiotis V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Ioannou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001152:Arsenicals / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008081:Liposomes; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D013997:Time Factors; D014018:Tissue Distribution / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D001152:Arsenicals; D008081:Liposomes