title: Investigation of the pharmacokinetics and determination of tramadol in rabbit plasma by a high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector method using liquid-liquid extraction.
abstract: An HPLC system using a new, simple and rapid liquid-liquid extraction and high-performance liquid chromatography-diode array detector method (HPLC-DAD) detection was validated to determine tramadol concentration in rabbit plasma. The method described was applied to a pharmacokinetic study of intravenous tramadol injections in rabbits. The extraction with ethylacetate yielded good response. The recovery of tramadol from plasma averaged 90.40%. Serial plasma samples were obtained prior to, during and after completion of the infusion for determination of tramadol concentrations. Tramadol concentrations were measured using reverse-phase high-performance liquid chromatography and pharmacokinetic application with intravenous tramadol in rabbits revealed that tramadol followed one-compartment open model. Maximum plasma concentration (C(max)) and area under the plasma concentration-time curve (AUC) for tramadol were 14.3 microg mL(-1) and 42.2 microg h mL(-1), respectively. The method developed was successfully applied to a simple, rapid, specific, sensitive and accurate HPLC method for investigation of the pharmacokinetics of tramadol in rabbit plasma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Arts, Ataturk University, 25240 Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: Aysel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Küçük
authors.forename: Yücel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kadioğlu
authors.forename: Fikret
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Celebi
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D004355:Drug Stability; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D011817:Rabbits; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014147:Tramadol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D014147:Tramadol