title: Effect of some volatile oils on the affinity of intact and oxidized low-density lipoproteins for adrenal cell surface receptors.
abstract: Extensive research has shown that a high plasma concentration and oxidation of low-density lipoproteins (LDL) has an important role in atherogenesis. The affinity of LDL to its classic receptor is reduced due to oxidation. Instead, it is taken up by scavenger molecules in macrophages, as a result of which foam cells are formed that have a major role in increasing the subendothelial fat layers of the blood vessels. In the present study the antioxidant effect of eight volatile compounds in plant essences, namely, anethol, eugenol, limonen, linalool, p-cymol, pulegon, thymol, and geraniol, and their effect on the affinities of intact and oxidized (with Cu(+2)) LDL for LDL receptor in sheep adrenal tissue cells in the presence of labeled LDL with fluorescein isothiocynate (FITC) were investigated. The results obtained show that eugenol and thymol have the highest antioxidant effect, on the uptake of LDL (intact and oxidized) by the adrenal cells. The order of the compounds studied with regard to their antioxidant effect on intact and oxidized LDL is as follows: On intact LDL: eugenol > or = thymol > linalool > p-cymol > limonen > geraniol > anethol; on oxidized LDL: thymol > or = eugenol > geraniol > p-cymol > linalool > pulegon. Our findings also show that the compounds, particularly thymol and eugenol, have an antioxidant property and can change the affinity of the LDL particles for the LDL receptor probably due to their lipophylic property. Further research may prove that these compounds can be used clinically, especially in atherosclerotic and hypercholesterolemic cases.
authors.affiliation: Isfahan Cardiovascular Research Center Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran. naderi32@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Gholam Ali
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Naderi
authors.forename: Seddigheh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Asgary
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ani
authors.forename: Nizal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sarraf-Zadegan
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Safari
mesh_terms: D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000378:metabolism*; D009822:Oils, Volatile / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D009822:Oils, Volatile; D011973:Receptors, LDL; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate