title: Torque resistance after fixation of Jones fractures with intramedullary screws.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intramedullary screws frequently are used for fixation of Jones fractures of the fifth metarsal. While the ability of intramedullary screw fixation in fifth metatarsals to resist bending and tensile forces is well known, the ability to withstand torsion has not been studied. This paper compares the torsional stiffness of Jones fractures treated with 6.5-mm short- threaded intramedullary screws to those treated with 5.0-mm cannulated short-threaded intramedullary screws.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine fresh-frozen, matched pairs of cadaver fifth metatarsals had an acute Jones fracture simulated with an osteotomy. They were stabilized with intramedullary screws and then loaded to failure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The torsional stiffness of the metatarsals fixed with the 6.5-mm did not differ significantly from that using 5.0-mm screws. However, to achieve stability, the 5.0-mm screw had to be long enough to reach the metatarsal head and neck. This tended to straighten the normally curved fifth metatarsal bone and caused lateral gapping at the fracture site.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both 5.0-mm or 6.5-mm screws provide equal torsional rigidity, but 5.0-mm screws may need to be longer, which could potentially straighten the fifth metatarsal shaft in patients who have a curved fifth metatarsal.
authors.affiliation: Duke University Medical Center, Division of Orthopaedic Surgery, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Horst
authors.forename: Brett J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: Richard R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Glisson
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Nunley
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001863:Bone Screws; D002102:Cadaver; D005260:Female; D005594:Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary / Q000295:instrumentation*; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008682:Metatarsal Bones / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019415:Torque