title: Role of CT and MR imaging in predicting optimal cytoreduction of newly diagnosed primary epithelial ovarian cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the relative accuracy of CT or MR imaging in the detection of inoperable tumor sites prior to cytoreductive surgery in a large series of patients with newly diagnosed primary epithelial ovarian cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred thirty-seven women with newly diagnosed primary epithelial ovarian cancer underwent CT (n = 91) or MR imaging (n = 46) prior to cytoreductive surgery. The following imaging criteria were used to identify inoperable tumor sites: (1) peritoneal implants greater than 2 cm in maximum diameter in the porta hepatis, intersegmental fissure, gall bladder fossa, subphrenic space, gastrohepatic ligament, gastrosplenic ligament, lesser sac, or root of the small bowel mesentery; (2) retroperitoneal adenopathy greater than 2 cm in maximum diameter above the renal hila; (3) hepatic metastases or abdominal wall invasion. Imaging results were compared with operability at surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cytoreductive surgery was suboptimal in 21 of the 137 (15%) patients. Sixteen of these patients had inoperable tumor on preoperative imaging, while one additional patient had apparently inoperable tumor on imaging but was optimally debulked at surgery. The sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value of preoperative imaging for the prediction of suboptimal debulking were 76% (16/21), 99% (115/116), 94% (16/17), and 96% (115/120), respectively. CT and MR imaging were equally effective (P = 1.0) in the detection of inoperable tumor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preoperative CT and MR imaging are equally accurate in the detection of inoperable tumor and the prediction of suboptimal debulking in newly diagnosed epithelial ovarian cancer. This suggests imaging may help select patients who might be more appropriately managed by neoadjuvant chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of San Francisco, 505 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143-0628, USA. Aliya.Qayyum@radiology.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Aliya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Qayyum
authors.forename: Fergus V
authors.initials: FV
authors.lastname: Coakley
authors.forename: Antonio C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Westphalen
authors.forename: Hedvig
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hricak
authors.forename: William T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Okuno
authors.forename: Bethan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Powell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods