title: Gentamicin-loaded calcium carbonate materials: comparison of two drug-loading modes.
abstract: Synthetic aragonite-based porous materials were drug loaded with gentamicin sulphate, an antibiotic active on Staphylococcus aureus responsible for osteomyelitis. Drug loading was accomplished by two different ways: by integration of gentamicin in material during processing or by soaking material into gentamicin solutions. We first investigated the influence of drug loading on compressive strength of materials. Results indicate that soaked materials presented the same compressive strength than unloaded materials with the same porosity. By contrast, the integration of gentamicin during processing increased significantly the compressive strength of materials. The materials drug content before elution was a least 10 times higher when gentamicin was integrated during processing comparatively to soaked materials. The study of in vitro gentamicin release showed that for materials with gentamicin integrated during material processing, high concentrations of gentamicin were released up to 8 or 12 days, against 4 days for soaked materials. The transport coefficients calculation, for the first step of release, indicated that the rate of release was higher for materials with integrated gentamicin because of the higher gentamicin content. The porosity rate influenced the rate of release for materials positively with gentamicin integrated during processing contrary to soaked materials for which a higher porosity rate allowed a deeper penetration of gentamicin during drug loading and then a slightly slower release. Results indicate that aragonite-based material with gentamicin integrated during material processing may be used either as resorbable device for release of high concentrations of gentamicin or as biomaterial for combined therapy: bone substitution and prevention or treatment of osteomyelitis.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Chimie de Rennes, Laboratoire Chimie du Solide et Inorganique Moléculaire, UMR 6511, Cristallochimie et Biomatériaux, Université de Rennes 1, CS 74205, Campus de Beaulieu, Bât 10B, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France. anita.lucas@univ-rennes1.fr
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lucas-Girot
authors.forename: Marie-Clémence
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Verdier
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tribut
authors.forename: Jean-Christophe
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Sangleboeuf
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Allain
authors.forename: Hassane
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oudadesse
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D001698:Biomedical Engineering; D001843:Bone Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry*; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000737:chemistry*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007700:Kinetics; D008422:Materials Testing; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000188:drug therapy; D011108:Polymers; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D016062:Porosity; D011208:Powders; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000378:metabolism*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D001843:Bone Cements; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D005839:Gentamicins; D011108:Polymers; D011208:Powders; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D002119:Calcium Carbonate