title: In vitro methods in the prediction of kinetics of drugs: focus on drug metabolism.
abstract: The absorption, distribution, metabolism, excretion and toxicity (ADMET) properties of a candidate drug influence its final clinical success. These properties have traditionally been evaluated by using various in vivo animal approaches, but recently, a number of in vitro and in silico methods have been introduced to determine key ADMET features. Basic events, such as absorption through the gut wall, binding to plasma proteins, active and passive transfer through the blood-brain barrier, and various metabolic parameters, can now be screened with rapid in vitro and computer modelling methods. The focus in this short review is on the basic in vitro and in silico methods that are used for studying the metabolism properties of new drug molecules.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Kuopio, Kuopio, Finland. hannu.raunio@uku.fi
authors.forename: Hannu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Raunio
authors.forename: Päivi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Taavitsainen
authors.forename: Paavo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Honkakoski
authors.forename: Risto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Juvonen
authors.forename: Olavi
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pelkonen
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D000826:Animal Testing Alternatives; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007408:Intestinal Absorption; D008099:Liver; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000378:metabolism*; D010599:Pharmacokinetics; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D018675:Toxicity Tests
chemical_list: D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System