Strategies against human papillomavirus infection and cervical cancer.
Papillomaviruses infect a wide variety of animals, including humans. The human papillomavirus (HPV), in particular, is one of the most common causes of sexually transmitted disease. More than 200 types of HPV have been identified by DNA sequence data, and 85 HPV genotypes have been well characterized to date. HPV can infect the basal epithelial cells of the skin or inner tissue linings, and are, accordingly, categorized as either cutaneous or mucosal type. HPV is associated with a panoply of clinical conditions, ranging from innocuous lesions to cervical cancer. In the early 1980s, studies first reported a link between cervical cancer and genital HPV infection. Genital HPV infections are now recognized to be a major risk factor in at least 95% of cervical cancers. 30 different HPV genotypes have been identified as causative of sexually transmitted diseases, most of which induce lesions in the cervix, vagina, vulva, penis, and anus, as the result of sexual contact. There is also direct evidence demonstrating that at least four of these genotypes are prerequisite factors in cervical cancer. The main aim of this review was to evaluate the current literature regarding the pathovirology, diagnostics, vaccines, therapy, risk groups, and further therapeutic directions for HPV infections. In addition, we reviewed the current status of HPV infections in South Korean women, as evidenced by our data.
Jung
Woon-Won
WW
MyGene Bioscience Institute, Kangnam Ku, Seoul 405-847, Republic of Korea.
Chun
Taehoon
T
Sul
Donggeun
D
Hwang
Kwang Woo
KW
Kang
Hyung-Sik
HS
Lee
Duck Joo
DJ
Han
In-Kwon
IK
D001003:Anal Canal / Q000473:pathology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D005260:Female; D005836:Genitalia, Female / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D005837:Genitalia, Male / Q000473:pathology; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007723:Korea / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology / Q000821:virology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D014611:Vaccination; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use
D014765:Viral Vaccines