title: Quantitation of long-chain acylcarnitines by HPLC/fluorescence detection: application to plasma and tissue specimens from patients with carnitine palmitoyltransferase-II deficiency.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Carnitine palmitoyltransferase-II deficiency (CPT-II deficiency) is a rare disorder of lipid metabolism, in which the accumulation of long-chain acylcarnitines is a diagnostic marker. HPLC with fluorescence detection is an attractive analysis method due to its favorable combination of sensitivity, specificity, ease of analysis and minimal capital equipment costs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Long-chain acylcarnitines were isolated from tissue homogenates (0.5-2 mg wet weight) or plasma (50 microl) using silica gel columns and derivatized with 2-(2,3-naphthalimino)ethyl trifluoromethanesulfonate. Quantitation was by HPLC and fluorescence detection with standard curves (0.0-5.0 nmol/ml) for myristoyl-, palmitoleoyl-, palmitoyl-, oleoyl- and stearoylcarnitine using heptadecanoylcarnitine as the internal standard.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significantly greater amounts of long-chain acylcarnitines were quantified in patients with CPT-II deficiency when compared to controls; e.g. (nmol/ml in patient plasma, controls mean+/-standard deviation): myristoylcarnitine (0.3, not detectable), palmitoleoylcarnitine (0.5, 0.1+/-0.1), palmitoylcarnitine (0.9, 0.1+/-0.0), oleoylcarnitine (3.0, 0.2+/-0.1), stearoylcarnitine (0.4, not detectable).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This method can be used to quantitate long-chain acylcarnitines, illustrating their accumulation in CPT-II deficiency. The analysis was accomplished using inexpensive and widely available instrumentation and is appropriate for research investigators who require precise quantitation of long-chain acylcarnitines in complex biological samples.
authors.affiliation: Medical Research Service, Louis Stokes Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Case Western Reserve University, School of Medicine, Cleveland, OH 44106, USA.
authors.forename: Paul E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Minkler
authors.forename: Janos
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kerner
authors.forename: Kathryn N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: North
authors.forename: Charles L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Hoppel
mesh_terms: D002331:Carnitine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood*; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase / Q000097:blood* / Q000172:deficiency*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008052:Lipid Metabolism, Inborn Errors / Q000097:blood*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: C116917:acylcarnitine; D002334:Carnitine O-Palmitoyltransferase; D002331:Carnitine