title: Mycotoxin fumonisin B1 alters the cytokine profile and decreases the vaccinal antibody titer in pigs.
abstract: Fumonisin B1 (FB1), a mycotoxin produced by Fusarium verticillioides, may contaminate feed and food. In the present study, we investigated the effect of FB1 on the modulation of the cytokine profile and on the establishment of a vaccinal antibody response. In vitro investigations on pig peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) indicate that FB1 decreased interleukin-4 (IL-4) and increased interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma) synthesis at both the protein and mRNA levels. A short in vivo exposure (7 days) of weanling piglets to 1.5 mg/kg body weight of purified FB1 altered the cytokine balance in mesenteric lymph nodes and spleen similarly to the in vitro PBMC results. We also investigated the effect of FB1 on the antibody response during a vaccination process. A prolonged in vivo exposure (28 days) of weanling piglets to feed contaminated with 8 mg FB1/kg significantly decreased the expression of IL-4 mRNA by porcine whole blood cells and diminished the specific antibody titer after vaccination against Mycoplasma agalactiae. By contrast, ingestion of the contaminated feed had no effect on the serum concentration of the immunoglobulin subset (IgG, IgA, and IgM). Taken together, our data suggest that FB1 alters the cytokine profile and decreases the specific antibody response built during a vaccination protocol. These results may have implications for humans or animals eating contaminated food or feed.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology and Toxicology Laboratory, UR 66, National Institute of Agronomic Research INRA, Toulouse, France.
authors.forename: Ionelia
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Taranu
authors.forename: Daniela E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Marin
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bouhet
authors.forename: Florentina
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pascale
authors.forename: Jean-Denis
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Bailly
authors.forename: J David
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pinton
authors.forename: Isabelle P
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Oswald
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D000917:Antibody Formation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D037341:Fumonisins / Q000633:toxicity*; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D045644:Mycoplasma agalactiae / Q000276:immunology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D002274:Carcinogens, Environmental; D037341:Fumonisins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015847:Interleukin-4; C056933:fumonisin B1; D007371:Interferon-gamma