title: Proteomic analysis of nuclear matrix proteins during arsenic trioxide induced apoptosis in leukemia K562 cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Arsenic trioxide (As2O3) has been identified as a very potent anti-acute leukemic agent. However its role in apoptosis needs to be elucidated. As2O3 interferes with the proliferation and survival of tumor cells via a variety of mechanisms. Drug-target interactions at the level of nuclear matrix (NM) may be critical events in the induction of cell death by As2O3. This study dealt with As2O3-target interactions at the level of NM in chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line K562 by proteomics.
  
  
  METHODS
  K562 cells were cultured in MEM and treated with different concentrations of As2O3. The nuclear matrix proteins were analyzed by high-resolution two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and computer-assisted image analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As2O3 significantly inhibited the growth of chronic myelogenous leukemia cell line K562 at low concentrations. While more than 200 protein spots were shared among the nuclear matrices, about 18 distinct spots in the nuclear matrices were found characteristic for As2O3 treated cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As2O3 induces apoptosis in K562 cells in a dose and time-dependent manner. Our results demonstrated that for the detection of the onset of apoptosis, the alteration in the composition of nuclear matrix proteins was a more sensitive indicator than nucleosomal DNA fragmentation test. These results indicated that As2O3 might be clinically useful in the treatment of chronic myelogenous leukemia. The changes of nuclear matrix proteins in the treated cells can be used as a useful indicator for this treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Beijing University, Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China. zihuiwang9@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Zi-hui
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ding
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jian-zhong
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Hao
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide; D001152:Arsenicals / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D020014:K562 Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D034521:Nuclear Matrix-Associated Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D010087:Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D040901:Proteomics
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001152:Arsenicals; D034521:Nuclear Matrix-Associated Proteins; D010087:Oxides; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide