title: Development of the multi-attribute Pediatric Asthma Health Outcome Measure (PAHOM).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a multi-attribute outcome measure for children with asthma that allows for the calculation of quality-adjusted life years in cost-effectiveness studies and can also be used to assign preference weights to asthma-symptom-free days.
  
  
  METHODS
  A literature review and two interviewer-administered surveys.
  
  
  METHODS
  Homes or community centers of participants in Seattle, United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Visual analog scale (VAS), standard gamble (SG), and relative risk attitude equation techniques were used to estimate two sets of preference weights for 10 health states. The PAHOM was used to record health states of pediatric asthma patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 94 subjects provided complete responses without any illogical ratings to VAS questions and 101 provided the same to SG questions. The VAS preference weights of the health states range from a maximum of 1 for perfect health to a minimum of 0.03 for severe asthma symptoms, emotional problems, and activity limitations. Those based on the relative risk attitude equation constructed with both VAS and SG preference weights range from 1 to 0.06. The mean PAHOM scores of pediatric asthma patients based on VAS and converted SG preference weights were 0.70 and 0.83, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PAHOM calendar can be used to identify asthma patients' health outcomes, to calculate the preference weights of asthma patients' health states, and to estimate the number of symptom-free days. These factors make the PAHOM a promising instrument for use in effectiveness and cost-effectiveness studies in children with asthma.
authors.affiliation: Cerner Health Insights, Beverly Hills, CA 90212, USA. cchiou@amgen.com
authors.forename: Chiun-Fang
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Chiou
authors.forename: Marcia R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Weaver
authors.forename: Michelle A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: Todd A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: James W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Krieger
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001249:Asthma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010147:Pain Measurement; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D014861:Washington