title: Neurofeedback training with virtual reality for inattention and impulsiveness.
abstract: In this research, the effectiveness of neurofeedback, along with virtual reality (VR), in reducing the level of inattention and impulsiveness was investigated. Twenty-eight male participants, aged 14-18, with social problems, took part in this study. They were separated into three groups: a control group, a VR group, and a non-VR group. The VR and non-VR groups underwent eight sessions of neurofeedback training over 2 weeks, while the control group just waited during the same period. The VR group used a head-mounted display (HMD) and a head tracker, which let them look around the virtual world. Conversely, the non-VR group used only a computer monitor with a fixed viewpoint. All participants performed a continuous performance task (CPT) before and after the complete training session. The results showed that both the VR and non-VR groups achieved better scores in the CPT after the training session, while the control group showed no significant difference. Compared with the other groups, the VR group presented a tendency to get better results, suggesting that immersive VR is applicable to neurofeedback for the rehabilitation of inattention and impulsiveness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Baek-Hwan
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Saebyul
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dong Ik
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Jang Han
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sang Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: In Young
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sun I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001143:Arousal / Q000502:physiology; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D001611:Beta Rhythm; D001676:Biofeedback, Psychology / Q000379:methods* / Q000502:physiology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011329:Prisoners / Q000523:psychology; D012114:Residential Treatment; D013813:Therapy, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014584:User-Computer Interface