title: Membrane protein crystallization in amphiphile phases: practical and theoretical considerations.
abstract: Integral membrane proteins are amphiphilic molecules. In order to enable chromatographic purification and crystallization, a complementary amphiphilic microenvironment must be created and maintained. Various types of amphiphilic phases have been employed in crystallizations and intricate amphiphilic microenvironmental structures have resulted from these and are found inside membrane protein crystals. In this review the process of crystallization is put into the context of amphiphile phase transitions. Finally, practical factors are considered and a pragmatic way is suggested to pursue membrane protein crystallization trials.
authors.affiliation: deCODE BioStructures, 7869 NE Day Rd. W, Bainbridge Island, WA 98110, USA. pnollert@decode.com
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nollert
mesh_terms: D003460:Crystallization / Q000379:methods*; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D008956:Models, Chemical; D008958:Models, Molecular; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D044367:Phase Transition; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure*
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D011506:Proteins