title: Time-lapse analysis of potential cellular responsiveness to Johrei, a Japanese healing technique.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Johrei is an alternative healing practice which involves the channeling of a purported universal healing energy to influence the health of another person. Despite little evidence to support the efficacy of such practices the use of such treatments is on the rise.
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed cultured human cancer cells for potential responsiveness to Johrei treatment from a short distance. Johrei treatment was delivered by practitioners who participated in teams of two, alternating every half hour for a total of four hours of treatment. The practitioners followed a defined set of mental procedures to minimize variability in mental states between experiments. An environmental chamber maintained optimal growth conditions for cells throughout the experiments. Computerized time-lapse microscopy allowed documentation of cancer cell proliferation and cell death before, during and after Johrei treatments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Comparing eight control experiments with eight Johrei intervention experiments, we found no evidence of a reproducible cellular response to Johrei treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cell death and proliferation rates of cultured human cancer cells do not appear responsive to Johrei treatment from a short distance.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute, California Pacific Medical Center, San Francisco, USA. taftrd@sutterhealth.org
authors.forename: Ryan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Taft
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Garret
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yount
mesh_terms: D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D002452:Cell Count; D016923:Cell Death; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008602:Mental Healing; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012107:Research Design; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured