title: The ubiquitin-protein ligase Itch regulates p73 stability.
abstract: p73, a member of the p53 family of transcription factors, is upregulated in response to DNA damage, inducing cell cycle arrest and apoptosis. Besides indications that this p73 response is post-transcriptional, little is known about the underlying molecular mechanisms of p73 protein degradation. Ubiquitination and proteasomal-dependent degradation of p53 are regulated by its transcriptional target MDM2. However, unlike p53, p73 binds to, but is not degraded by, MDM2. Here we describe the binding of p73 to Itch, a Hect ubiquitin-protein ligase. Itch selectively binds and ubiquitinates p73 but not p53; this results in the rapid proteasome-dependent degradation of p73. Upon DNA damage Itch itself is downregulated, allowing p73 protein levels to rise and thus interfere with p73 function. In conclusion, we have identified a key mechanism in the control of p73 protein levels both in normal as well as in stress conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of Rome Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: De Laurenzi
authors.forename: Eliana
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Munarriz
authors.forename: Douglas R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Yun-Cai
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Karen H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Vousden
authors.forename: Gianni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cesareni
authors.forename: Gerry
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Melino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D004249:DNA Damage; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D000072160:Tumor Protein p73; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism*; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C000606460:TP73 protein, human; C000606368:Trp73 protein, mouse; D000072160:Tumor Protein p73; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D025801:Ubiquitin; C432966:ITCH protein, human; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases