title: Antioxidants and methimazole in the treatment of Graves' disease: effect on urinary malondialdehyde levels.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We have postulated that metabolic oxidation could be the source of signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism. The present study was designed to evaluate urinary malondialdehyde levels in Graves' disease and compare this oxidative stress biomarker with the clinical evolution of patients suffering this illness.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated the concentration of urinary and serum malondialdehyde (MDA) in 36 patients with Graves' disease. Patients were treated with the antithyroid drug methimazole (MMI; Group A) or antioxidant mixture (200 mg vitamin E, 3 mg beta-carotene, 250 mg vitamin C, 1 mg Cu, 7.5 mg Zn, 1.5 mg Mn, and 15 microg Se; Group B).
  
  
  RESULTS
  MDA concentrations were higher in hyperthyroid patients compared to euthyroid controls, and a positive correlation was observed between serum and urinary MDA levels. Group A decreased urinary MDA to control values. There was a positive correlation between the clinical score and the heart rate of patients with urinary MDA before and during the treatment with MMI (Group A). Similar results were observed after treatment with the antioxidant mixture.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Urinary MDA might be a good parameter in the follow-up of patients during MMI treatment. We proposed that oxidative stress correlates with signs and symptoms of hyperthyroidism.
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology Unit, Hospital Israelita EZRAH, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Liliana N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Guerra
authors.forename: María Del Carmen
authors.initials: Mdel C
authors.lastname: Ríos de Molina
authors.forename: Eliana A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Miler
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moiguer
authors.forename: Mirta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karner
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Burdman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000652:urine*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000652:urine*; D008713:Methimazole / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D008713:Methimazole