title: Pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy with external pancreatic remnant drainage.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pancreaticoduodenectomy is the mainstay of surgical treatment for various benign and malignant diseases of the head of the pancreas and the periampullar region. The incidence of postoperative morbidity remains significantly high. Various modifications have been advocated for the restoration of the digestive continuity and drainage of bile and pancreatic ducts in order to diminish this high morbidity rate.
  
  
  METHODS
  A new modification with the combination of an end-to-end duodenojejunal anastomosis and creation of an external pancreatic fistula following pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy is described. Our initial experience with this modification in seven patients is reported and its advantages are discussed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no mortality, while morbidity was 29%, including postoperative pneumonia and psychosis in one patient, and intra-abdominal abscess in another patient. No significantly delayed gastric emptying was observed and no patient developed diabetes, anastomotic ulcer or reflux cholangitis postoperatively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The reported technique seems to be a safe modification of restoration after pancreaticoduodenectomy, with maintenance of anatomical gastrointestinal continuity, avoidance of complications from anastomosis with the pancreatic remnant, as well as maintenance of endocrine pancreatic function. However, long-term follow-up and larger comparative studies are needed to evaluate the impact of this modification on morbidity and mortality, including long-term nutritional complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, University Hospital, Medical School of Crete, Herakleion, Greece. debree@edu.uoc.gr
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Bree
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Melissas
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schoretsanitis
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sanidas
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Tsiftsis
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000601:surgery*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D004067:Digestive System Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D004322:Drainage / Q000379:methods; D004386:Duodenum / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007583:Jejunum / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010179:Pancreas / Q000601:surgery; D016577:Pancreaticoduodenectomy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome