title: Expression of the type I interferon receptor and the interferon-induced Mx protein in human endometrium during the menstrual cycle.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression of the type I interferon receptor (IFNAR) and interferon-induced Mx protein (Mx) in normal human endometrium throughout the menstrual cycle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical university in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-seven normal endometrial tissues from fertile women who had undergone hysterectomies for reasons other than endometrial disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  IFNAR-1, IFNAR-2, MxA, and MxB gene expression was analyzed by reverse transcription-real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Moreover, localization of IFNAR-1 and IFNAR-2 were studied by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  METHODS
  Expression of IFNAR-1, IFNAR-2, MxA, and MxB.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Expression of IFNAR-2 gene was significantly increased in the menstrual and midsecretory phase as compared with in the proliferative phase. Immunohistochemistry for IFNAR-1 and IFNAR-2 revealed weak staining of glandular epithelium and weak staining of stromal cells during the proliferative phase. However, an intense immunohistochemical staining of IFNAR-2 was observed on the surface and basement membrane of glands in the secretory phase. There was no statistical difference between MxA and MxB gene expression throughout the menstrual cycle.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that IFNAR and Mx are expressed in the human endometrium and that the expression of IFNAR is cyclically changed during the menstrual cycle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Seirei Hamamatsu General Hospital, Hamamatsu, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Haruhiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kanasaki
authors.forename: Kohji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iida
authors.forename: Kohji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
mesh_terms: D004717:Endometrium / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000378:metabolism*; D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D053633:Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta; D017471:Receptors, Interferon / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C579071:MX1 protein, human; C579068:MX2 protein, human; D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017471:Receptors, Interferon; D053633:Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins