title: SGK1, a potential regulator of c-fms related breast cancer aggressiveness.
abstract: The aggressive behavior of breast cancer cells can at times be modulated by hormonal mechanisms. Exposure to glucocorticoids (GC) has been shown to stimulate the invasiveness, motility and adhesiveness of breast cancer cells containing the glucocorticoid receptor. This is largely explained by GC-associated overexpression of the c-fms proto-oncogene, which encodes the receptor for the colony stimulating factor-1 (CSF-1). Our objective is to investigate additional GC-associated genetic alterations that could modulate c-fms related malignant behavior in breast cancer cells. A microarray technique using an oligonucleotide array representing 16,700 known expressed human genes was used to analyze the gene expression profile of breast cancer cells exposed to dexamethasone (Dex) or vehicle. Results were confirmed by western blot analysis. Six genes were found to be consistently differentially overexpressed in the Dex-exposed cells compared to control. We focused on serum-glucose kinase 1 (SGK1), a serine-threonine kinase known to be involved in intracellular signal transduction pathways and induced by GC and serum. An adhesion assay was performed on extracellular matrix after exposing the breast cancer cells to Dex, CSF-1 or to Dex or CSF-1 plus LY294002, a functional inhibitor of SGK1 action. Exposure to LY294002 significantly decreased both CSF-1 and Dex-induced adhesiveness to the level of control cells. SGK1 may act as a downstream intracellular regulator of c-fms, particularly of c-fms-induced adhesiveness of breast cancer cells after exposure to GC or CSF-1. This finding may have implications for potential therapeutic interventions aimed at decreasing the aggressiveness of breast cancer cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: Jacob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tangir
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bonafé
authors.forename: Maureen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gilmore-Hebert
authors.forename: Octavian
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Henegariu
authors.forename: Setsuko K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Chambers
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000556:secondary; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D016236:Genes, fms / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D000099184:Serum-Glucocorticoid Regulated Kinases
chemical_list: D003907:Dexamethasone; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000099184:Serum-Glucocorticoid Regulated Kinases; C000715470:MAS1 protein, human