title: Rapid acquisition of stable azole resistance by Candida glabrata isolates obtained before the clinical introduction of fluconazole.
abstract: Five azole-susceptible Candida glabrata isolates obtained before 1975 became resistant to fluconazole, itraconazole, and voriconazole within 4 days of in vitro fluconazole exposure. This cross-resistance was stable for at least 4 months after removal of fluconazole and was associated with increased CgCDR1 and CgCDR2 expression.
authors.affiliation: Mycotic Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Rd., N.E., Mailstop G-11, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA.
authors.forename: Annemarie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Borst
authors.forename: Maria T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Raimer
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Warnock
authors.forename: Christine J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Morrison
authors.forename: Beth A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Arthington-Skaggs
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001393:Azoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D041221:Candida glabrata / Q000187:drug effects*; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D001393:Azoles; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D015725:Fluconazole