title: Expression of Epstein-Barr virus genes in EBV-associated gastric carcinomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To understand the expression of latent and lytic genes of Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in EBV-associated gastric carcinoma (EBVaGC) and to explore the relationship between EBV-encoded genes and development of EBVaGC at molecular level.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and seventy-two gastric carcinoma tissues and 172 corresponding para-carcinoma tissues were tested for EBV genome by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-Southern blotting. EBV-encoded small RNA (EBER) 1 of the PCR positive specimens was detected by in situ hybridization (ISH). Gastric carcinomas with positive EBER1 signals were classified as EBVaGCs. RT-PCR and Southern hybridization were applied to the detection of expression of nuclear antigen (EBNA) promoters (Qp, Wp and Cp), EBNA 1 and EBNA 2, latent membrane proteins (LMP) 1, 2A and 2B and lytic genes (immediate early genes BZLF1 and BRLF1, early genes BARF1 and BHRF1, late genes BcLF1 and BLLF1) in EBVaGCs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eleven EBV positive samples existed in gastric carcinoma tissues (6.39%). No EBV positive sample was found in corresponding para-carcinoma tissues. The difference between EBV positivity in carcinoma tissues and corresponding para-carcinoma tissues was significant (chi(2) = 9.0909, P = 0.0026). Transcripts of Qp and EBNA1 were detected in all the 11 EBVaGCs, while both Wp and Cp were silent. EBNA2, LMP1 and LMP2B mRNA were absent in all the cases, while LMP2A mRNA was detected in 4 of the 11 cases. Of the 11 EBVaGCs, 7 exhibited BcLF1 transcripts and 2 exhibited BHRF1 transcripts. The transcripts of BZLF1 and BARF1 were detected in 5 cases, respectively. No BLLF1 and BRLF mRNA were detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The latent pattern of EBV in gastric carcinoma corresponds to the latency I/II. Some lytic infection genes are expressed in EBVaGCs tissues. BARF1 and BHRF1 genes may play an important role in tumorigenesis of gastric carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Qingdao University Medical College, Number 38 of Dengzhou Road, Qingdao 266021, Shandong Province, China. qingdaoluobing@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiao-Feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Li-Ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Bao-Hua
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology*; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D005814:Genes, Viral / Q000502:physiology; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology*; D017735:Virus Latency / Q000235:genetics