title: Kit (CD117) immunoreactivity is rare in renal cell and upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the presence of Kit (CD117), a transmembrane tyrosinase-kinase receptor, in primary and metastatic renal cell carcinomas (RCCs) and upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinomas (TCCs).
  
  
  METHODS
  In human neoplasia, overexpression of Kit has been related to cell proliferation, differentiation, adhesion and control of apoptosis. If present, Kit may provide a suitable target for tumour therapy. Formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded specimens of 180 primary and 58 metastatic RCCs and 54 upper urinary tract TCCs were immunostained for Kit (CD117) using a tissue microarray technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In RCCs, immunoreactivity for CD117 was detected in only two of 23 (9%) chromophobe tumours, whereas all 137 conventional and 20 papillary subtypes, and metastatic RCC tissues, lacked CD117 immunoreactivity. In TCCs, CD117 expression of <10% cancer cells was found in two of 53 (4%) cases. Stromal mast cells served as a positive control and showed specific immunostaining.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Kit immunoreactivity is infrequent in both RCCs and upper urinary tract TCCs. Thus, routine screening of tumour tissues for Kit by immunohistochemistry appears to be cost-ineffective and cannot be recommended. Moreover, the lack of substantial Kit immunoreactivity in both primary and metastatic carcinomas does not provide a rationale to investigate imatinib mesylate therapy in clinical trials including patients with advanced disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Medical University of Graz, Auenbruggerplatz 25, A-8036 Graz, Austria.
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zigeuner
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ratschek
authors.forename: Cord
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Langner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000556:secondary; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000556:secondary; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000378:metabolism*; D014571:Urologic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit