title: Predation risk affects diapause induction in the spider mite Tetranychus urticae.
abstract: Whenever diapause induction triggers movement into another microhabitat or the development of protective morphological structures, this may also alter predation risk. If the risk of being eaten is lower in the diapause phase, then there may be selection favouring diapause induction in response to predators or their cues. In this article, we studied the effect of the predatory mite Typhlodromus pyri on diapause induction in the spider mite Tetranychus urticae. We used a Greek strain because under long-night photoperiods and low temperature only part of the population enters diapause, thereby leaving room for the impact of another factor. In spider mite groups under predation, the percentage diapause induction increased whenever night-lengths were such that diapause was induced (13-16 h of night). Given this diapause induction in response to predation risk, the question arises whether entering diapause helps spider mites to escape from predation and contribute more offspring to the spring generation next year.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biodiversity and Ecosystem Dynamics, Section Population Biology, University of Amsterdam, 1098 SM Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Annemarie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kroon
authors.forename: René L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Veenendaal
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bruin
authors.forename: Martijn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Egas
authors.forename: Maurice W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Sabelis
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D003080:Cold Temperature; D005260:Female; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions / Q000502:physiology; D008925:Mites / Q000502:physiology*; D017440:Photoperiod; D011235:Predatory Behavior; D012306:Risk; D040102:Tetranychidae / Q000502:physiology*