title: Gastrointestinal discomfort during intermittent high-intensity exercise: effect of carbohydrate-electrolyte beverage.
abstract: This study investigated whether different beverage carbohydrate concentration and osmolality would provoke gastrointestinal (GI) discomfort during intermittent, high-intensity exercise. Thirty-six adult and adolescent athletes were tested on separate days in a double-blind, randomized trial of 6 % and 8 % carbohydrate-electrolytes (CHO-E) beverages during four 12-min quarters (Q) of circuit training that included intermittent sprints, lateral hops, shuttle runs, and vertical jumps. GI discomfort and fatigue surveys were completed before the first Q and immediately after each Q. All ratings of GI discomfort were modest throughout the study. The cumulative index for GI discomfort, however, was greater for the 8 % CHO-E beverage than for the 6 % CHO-E beverage at Q3 and Q4 (P < 0.05). Averaging across all 4 quarters, the 8 % CHO-E treatment produced significantly higher mean ratings of stomach upset and side ache. In conclusion, higher CHO concentration and osmolality in an ingested beverage provokes stomach upset and side ache.
authors.affiliation: Gatorate Sports Science Institute, Barrington, IL 60010,USA.
authors.forename: Xiaocai
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Mary K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Horn
authors.forename: Kris L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Osterberg
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Stofan
authors.forename: Jeffrey J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Zachwieja
authors.forename: Craig A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Horswill
authors.forename: Dennis H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Passe
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Murray
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001628:Beverages; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D041981:Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D004573:Electrolytes