title: Effects of cetylpyridinium chloride resistance and treatment on fluconazole activity versus Candida albicans.
abstract: Mouthwash antiseptic cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC) has potent activity against Candida albicans; however, two of five azole-resistant strains showed reduced CPC susceptibility. To further examine the potential for cross-resistance, CPC-resistant mutants were selected in vitro and their fluconazole susceptibility was tested. MICs were unchanged, and trailing growth generally decreased. With CPC-fluconazole combinations, both antagonism and synergism were observed, which can be explained, in part, by CDR1-CDR2 multidrug transporter upregulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Drexel University of College of Medicine, 2900 Queen Ln., Philadelphia, PA 19129, USA.
authors.forename: Merritt P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Edlind
authors.forename: W Lamar
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Thomas D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Edlind
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects*; D002594:Cetylpyridinium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015151:Immunoblotting; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D000935:Antifungal Agents; C094693:CDR1 protein, Candida albicans; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009067:Mouthwashes; D015725:Fluconazole; D002594:Cetylpyridinium