title: Skeletal effects of bite jumping therapy on the mandible - removable vs. fixed functional appliances.
abstract: AUTHORS: Shen G, Hagg U, Darendeliler MA.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Based on an extensive review of the literature, the aim of this study was to explore the mainstream consensus on the controversial topic of whether the bite jumping treatment could enhance mandibular growth.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data for removable and fixed functional appliances were respectively comprehended and analyzed with regard to their attributes in mandibular growth modification. Furthermore, numerous reported findings were assessed by relating them to some important factors influencing the effects of bite jumping, such as treatment timing, treatment duration and post-treatment follow-up, to allow for a more objective and accurate evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The key differences between removable and fixed appliances are working hours (intermittent vs. continuous), length of treatment time (long vs. short), optimal treatment timing (before puberty growth vs. at or after puberty spurt), and mode of bite-jumping (considerable vertical opening vs. limited vertical opening). These different features lead to different treatment effects on mandibular and TMJ growth, such as the intensity of possibly increased growth (clinically less significant vs. significant), the direction of enhanced growth (vertical vs. horizontal), and the stability of treatment changes (unstable vs. stable). The short-term or long-term post-treatment relapse mainly relates to the rebound of dental position.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The immediate effects of bite jumping functional appliances on the mandibular growth enhancement are convincing during actual treatment. This extra gain of growth might be sustainable during the short-term and long-term post-treatment period.
authors.affiliation: Discipline of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, The University of Sydney, Level 2, 2 Chalmers Street, Surry Hill, NSW 2010, Australia. gshe6437@mail.usyd.edu.au
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hägg
authors.forename: Ma
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Darendeliler
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D006801:Humans; D019186:Mandibular Advancement / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000254:growth & development*; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D017289:Orthodontic Appliances, Functional; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000254:growth & development