title: New approach to quantifying developmental variation in the dentition using serial microtomographic imaging.
abstract: Dental morphogenesis and cellular differentiation are expressed in the fully formed tooth by the topography of the dentin-enamel junction and outer enamel surface. These boundaries can be differentiated using a variety of imaging systems. In this study, we used serial microCT imaging to provide accurate 3D reconstructions of developing lower human second deciduous molars. These were used to quantify the volume of enamel and dentin of individual cusps in relation to basal crown height. As growth and differentiation proceed apically, the spatial orientation of cusp tips and their bases were used to estimate their order of initiation and coalescence. We found that the order of coalescence differed from the order of initiation. We also found that dentin cusp height and volume as well as rate and quantity of enamel apposition varied along mesio-distal and bucco-lingual axes, and were independent of order of initiation and duration of growth. These results demonstrate that the potential for variation in crown size and form is maintained throughout development. We propose that the microCT model developed in this study constitutes a new approach for the investigation of developmental variation and its contribution to phylogenetic variation expressed in crown form and size.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Bio-Anthropology & Ancient-DNA, Institute of Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dental Medicine, Hebrew University, Jerusalem, Israel 91120.
authors.forename: Gal
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Avishai
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Yankel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gabet
authors.forename: Itai
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bab
authors.forename: Uri
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Zilberman
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D003804:Dentin / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D003817:Dentition; D006801:Humans; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014070:Tooth / Q000254:growth & development*