title: Peroxynitrite and fibrinolytic system: the effect of peroxynitrite on plasmin activity.
abstract: We have shown that peroxynitrite (ONOO-) inhibits streptokinase-induced conversion of plasminogen to plasmin in a concentration-dependent manner and reduces both amidolytic (IC5o approximately 280 microM at 10 microM concentration of enzyme) and proteolytic activity of plasmin. Spectrophotometric and immunoblot analysis of peroxynitrite-treated plasminogen demonstrates a concentration-dependent increase in its nitrotyrosine residues that correlates with a decreased generation of active plasmin. Peroxynitrite (1 mM) causes the nitration of 2.9 tyrosines per plasminogen molecule. Glutathione, like deferoxamine, partially protects plasminogen from peroxynitrite-induced inactivation and reduces the extent of tyrosine nitration. These data suggest that nitration of plasminogen tyrosine residues by peroxynitrite might play an important role in the inhibition of plasmin catalytic activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Biochemistry, University of Lodz, Poland. pnowak@biol.uni.lodz.pl
authors.forename: Pawel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nowak
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kołodziejczyk
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wachowicz
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005341:Fibrinolysin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000494:pharmacology; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D016877:Oxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010958:Plasminogen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D013300:Streptokinase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016877:Oxidants; D030421:Peroxynitrous Acid; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine; D005340:Fibrinogen; D010958:Plasminogen; C007543:dityrosine; D013300:Streptokinase; D005341:Fibrinolysin; D005978:Glutathione