title: Cross-cultural development and validation of a patient self-administered questionnaire to assess quality of life in upper gastrointestinal disorders: the PAGI-QOL.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Summarize the Patient Assessment of Upper GastroIntestinal Disorders-Quality of Life (PAGI-QOL) development and provide results on its reliability and validity from the international psychometric validation in dyspepsia, GastroEsophageal Reflux Disease (GERD), and gastroparesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects completed the pilot PAGI-QOL at baseline and 8 weeks; and a subsample also at 2 weeks. Other assessments were: Patient Assessment of Upper Gastrointestinal Disorders-Symptom Severity Index, SF-36, number of disability days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1736 patients completed the PAGI-QOL at baseline. The questionnaire was reduced, producing a 30-item final version covering five domains: Daily Activities, Clothing, Diet and Food Habits, Relationship (REL), and Psychological Well-Being and Distress. Internal consistency was excellent (Cronbach's alpha range: 0.83-0.96). Test-retest reproducibility was good: intraclass correlations coefficients were over 0.70 except for the REL scale (0.61). Concurrent validity between the PAGI-QOL total score and all SF-36 subscale scores was good with moderate (0.52) to strong (0.72) correlations. PAGI-QOL scores showed excellent discriminant properties: patients who had spent some days in bed, had missed some days at work, and were kept from usual activities had much lower PAGI-QOL scores than those who did not (p < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PAGI-QOL is a valid and reliable instrument assessing quality of life in patients with dyspepsia, GERD, or gastroparesis.
authors.affiliation: Mapi Values, Lyon, France. cdelaloge@mapi.fr
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: de la Loge
authors.forename: Elyse
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Trudeau
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marquis
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kahrilas
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Stanghellini
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Talley
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tack
authors.forename: Dennis A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Revicki
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Rentz
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dubois
mesh_terms: D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000145:classification*; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000145:classification*; D018589:Gastroparesis / Q000145:classification*; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States