title: Association of the NAD(P)H: quinone oxidoreductase C609T polymorphism and the risk of cervical cancer in Japanese subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, genetic polymorphisms, NQO1 C609T, GSTM1 positive/null, and GSTT1 positive/null, were examined with reference to cervical cancer risk in a population-based incident case-control study in Japanese.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cases comprised 131 cervical cancer patients: 87 cases with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and 44 with adenocarcinoma (ADC) or adenosquamous carcinoma (ADSC). Controls were sampled from 320 healthy women who underwent a health checkup.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cervical cancer risk was substantially elevated with smoking for all cases, SCC cases, and ADC/ADSC cases (OR = 4.50, 95% CI = 2.48-8.17, P < 0.001; OR = 5.68, 95% CI = 2.99-10.78, P < 0.001; and OR = 2.57, 95% CI = 1.09-6.08, P = 0.032; respectively). The frequency of the NQO1 609TT genotype, reported to be associated with null enzyme activity, was higher in individuals with all cases and SCC than in the healthy controls (OR = 1.97, 95% CI = 1.06-3.66, P = 0.032; and OR = 2.42, 95% CI = 1.21-4.82, P = 0.012; respectively), but not in ADC/ADSC cases. Analysis of polymorphisms for GSTM1 and GSTT1 showed no significant differences between cervical cancer patients and controls. In stratification analysis, significant elevated risk of all cases and SCC was associated with the NQO1 609TT genotype among nonsmokers (OR = 2.15, 95% CI = 1.08-4.30, P = 0.030; and OR = 2.83, 95% CI = 1.21-6.31, P = 0.011; respectively), but not smokers. No gene-gene interaction was observed in our case subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report that the NQO1 gene might be important in relation to the risk of squamous cell carcinoma of the cervix.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine/Biostatistics and Medical Decision Making, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan. ytt-niwa@xg7.so-net.ne.jp
authors.forename: Yoshimitsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Niwa
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nawa
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuzuya
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tajima
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hamajima
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008875:Middle Aged; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012907:Smoking; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); C447479:NQO1 protein, human; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1