title: [Prevalence of drug resistance mutations among antiretroviral drug-naive HIV-1-infected patients in China].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To collect background information on drug-resistant HIV-1 strains in various regions before the start of nation-wide antiretroviral therapy in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty percent of the 2,000 blood samples from antiretroviral therapy naive patients collected for the 2nd national HIV molecular epidemiology survey (NHMES) in 2002 were randomly sampled for this study. The entire protease gene and 20-230 amino acids of the reverse transcriptase gene were amplified by PCR from provirus DNA and sequenced. The results were analyzed with HIV db-Drug Resistance Algorithm and genotypic resistance mutations were determined to particular anti-HIV drugs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Totally 164 protease gene sequences and 138 reverse transcriptase gene sequences were obtained from patients; 0.61% of 164 sequences displayed primary resistance mutations in the protease gene, whereas 99.39% carried 1 or more secondary mutations. Genotypic resistance to at least one nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NRTI) was present in 5.80%,and resistance to at least one non-nucleo side reverse transcriptase inhibitors (NNRTI) was present in 1.45% of samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of genotypic drug resistance is very low in drug-naive HIV infected patients from 21 provinces of China tested in this study. Laboratories participated in the NHMES have organized a network to provide drug resistance monitoring service in the current nation-wide antiviral treatment program in China.
authors.affiliation: National Center for AIDS/STD Prevention and Control, China Center for Disease Prevention and Control, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Xue-feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Si
authors.forename: Hai-long
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Yan-hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Peng-fei
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Quan
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: Yi-ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Shao
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D016333:HIV Protease / Q000235:genetics*; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000235:genetics*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018571:Sentinel Surveillance
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase; D016333:HIV Protease