title: Clinical outcome of chronic immunosuppression in patients with non-infectious uveitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the visual outcome and corticosteroid dose requirement in patients with non-infectious uveitis affecting the posterior segment treated with corticosteroids and additional second-line immunosuppression.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective, non-comparative case series was carried out. Seventy-two patients (141 eyes) with uncontrolled non-infectious uveitis on systemic prednisolone were treated with at least one second-line immunosuppressive agent in addition to systemic prednisolone and followed for at least 3 months. Visual acuity (VA), clinical disease activity, corticosteroid-sparing effect, disease relapses requiring corticosteroid dose increase,and side-effects from second-line agents were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the end of the follow-up period (mean: 55.5 months),70 eyes (49.6%) had VA of 6/9 or better. There was a reduction in the mean maintenance dose of prednisolone required before the introduction of the second-line agent (19 mg/day +/- 2 SE)when compared to the mean maintenance dose of prednisolone at the end of the data collection (9 mg/day +/- 1 SE; P <0.001). There was also a significant reduction in the number of disease relapses requiring an increase in prednisolone dose after starting the second-line agents as compared to the year before (P <0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with uveitis affecting the posterior segment, the addition of all second-line immunosuppressive therapy was effective in allowing reduction of the dose of systemic prednisolone to 10 mg/day or less, in controlling intraocular inflammation, reducing the number of relapses and in maintaining vision. Because of their side-effects, immunosuppressive treatment should be individualized and monitored closely but its addition is beneficial in the short and longer term.
authors.affiliation: Departmentof Clinical Ophthalmology, Institute of Ophthalmology, MoorfieldsEye Hospital, UK.
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Menezo
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Comer
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lightman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015866:Uveitis, Posterior / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D011239:Prednisolone