title: Novel quantitative assessment of myocardial perfusion by harmonic power Doppler imaging during myocardial contrast echocardiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that the power of the received signal of harmonic power Doppler imaging (HPDI) is proportional to the bubble concentration under conditions of constant applied acoustic pressure, and to determine whether a new quantitative method can overcome the acoustic field inhomogeneity during myocardial contrast echocardiography (MCE) and identify perfusion abnormalities caused by myocardial infarction.
  
  
  METHODS
  The relation between Levovist concentration and contrast signal intensity (CI) of HPDI was investigated in vitro under conditions of constant acoustic pressure. MCE was performed during continuous infusion of Levovist with intermittent HPDI every sixth cardiac cycle in 11 healthy subjects and 25 patients with previous myocardial infarction. In the apical views myocardial CI (CI(myo)) was quantified in five myocardial segments. The CI from the left ventricular blood pool adjacent to the segment was also measured in dB and subtracted from the CI(myo) (relative CI (RelCI)).
  
  
  RESULTS
  CI had a logarithmic correlation and the calculated signal power a strong linear correlation with Levovist concentration in vitro. Thus, a difference in CI of X dB indicates a microbubble concentration ratio of 10(X/10). In normal control subjects, CI(myo) differed between the five segments (p < 0.0001), with a lower CI(myo) in deeper segments. However, RelCI did not differ significantly between segments (p = 0.083). RelCI was lower (p < 0.0001) in the 39 infarct segments (mean (SD) -18.6 (2.8) dB) than in the 55 normal segments (mean (SD) -15.1 (1.6) dB). RelCI differed more than CI(myo) between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The new quantitative method described can overcome the acoustic field inhomogeneity in evaluation of myocardial perfusion during MCE. RelCI represents the ratio of myocardium to blood microbubble concentrations and may correctly reflect myocardial blood volume fraction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan. syamada@med.hokudai.ac.jp <syamada@med.hokudai.ac.jp>
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Komuro
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mikami
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Onozuka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kitabatake
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003287:Contrast Media; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D045423:Microbubbles; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D011134:Polysaccharides; C059891:SHU 508