title: Role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha in down-regulation of hepatic cytochrome P450 and P-glycoprotein by endotoxin.
abstract: We investigated the role of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) in the down-regulation of hepatic P-glycoprotein and cytochrome P450 (CYP) by endotoxin, using TNF-alpha gene-deficient (TNF-alpha-/-) mice. In the case of P-glycoprotein, endotoxin (10 mg/kg) significantly decreased the expression of hepatic P-glycoprotein in wild-type mice 6 h, but not 24 h, after intraperitoneal injection, with no significant differences in the constitutional expression of P-glycoprotein between wild-type mice and TNF-alpha-/- mice. However, endotoxin had no effect on the expression of P-glycoprotein in TNF-alpha-/- mice either 6 or 24 h after injection. When doxorubicin was administered intravenously to TNF-alpha-/- mice treated 6 h earlier with and without endotoxin, no significant differences in the plasma concentrations of doxorubicin 3 h after injection were observed between endotoxin-treated and untreated TNF-alpha-/- mice. These results suggest that TNF-alpha plays a pivotal role in the down-regulation of P-glycoprotein by endotoxin. In the case of CYP, the constitutive expression of hepatic CYP3A2 and CYP2C11 had a tendency to decline in TNF-alpha-/- mice compared with that in wild-type mice. Endotoxin significantly decreased the expression of hepatic CYP3A2 and CYP2C11 in wild-type mice 24 h after injection, and that decreased expression was significantly greater in TNF-alpha-/- mice than wild-type mice. When antipyrine was administered intravenously to wild-type mice and TNF-alpha-/- mice treated 24 h earlier with endotoxin, the plasma concentrations of antipyrine in TNF-alpha-/- mice 3 h after injection were significantly higher than those in wild-type mice. These findings suggest that TNF-alpha plays a key role in endotoxin-induced down-regulation of hepatic P-glycoprotein, as well as plays a protective role in the regulation of hepatic CYP3A2 and CYP2C11 against endotoxin-induced acute inflammatory response. In TNF-alpha-/- mice, other cytokines appear to function as compensation for the lack of endogenous TNF-alpha.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Technology, Nagoya University School of Health Sciences, 1-1-20 Daikominami, Higashi-ku, Nagoya 461-867, Japan.
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyoshi
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nadai
authors.forename: Atsumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nitta
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ueyama
authors.forename: Akemi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Toshitaka
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nabeshima
authors.forename: Kenzo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Kuniaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hasegawa
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000818:Animals; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000172:deficiency / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D004731:Endotoxins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System