title: Detection of urine survivin in 40 patients with bladder cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether urine survivin, an inhibitor of the apoptosis protein, is useful for diagnosing bladder tumor.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured urine survivin levels in 40 patients with bladder tumors and 9 healthy volunteers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average urine survivin levels in the 40 patients and 9 healthy controls were not significantly different (3.802+/-8.669 and 1.127+/-1.529, respectively (p=0.3646) ). However, significantly high urine survivin levels were observed in 3 of the 40 patients, but not in healthy volunteers. Urine Cyfra 21-1 was not elevated (1.3 ng/ml) in one patient with a significantly elevated urine survivin level (33.54 ng/ml), while in two patients with elevated Cyfra (320 ng/ml and 240 ng/ml), the urine survivin level was not detectable.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With improvements in the sensitivity of our Elisa system for urine survivin and combined use of urine Cyfra 21-1, it is possible that urine survivin will be a useful tumor marker in detecting both new-onset and recurrent bladder tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Cell Biology, Institute of Development and Aging Sciences, Graduate School of Medicine, Nippon Medical School, Tokyo 113-8603, Japan.
authors.forename: Ikuroh
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ohsawa
authors.forename: Taiji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Go
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Matsuzawa
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hamasaki
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohta
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D008297:Male; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000652:urine*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D000077022:Survivin; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: C107489:BIRC5 protein, human; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D000077022:Survivin