title: Direct molecular imaging of Lymnaea stagnalis nervous tissue at subcellular spatial resolution by mass spectrometry.
abstract: The imaging capabilities of time-of-flight secondary ion mass spectrometry (ToF-SIMS) and MALDI-MS sample preparation methods were combined. We used this method, named matrix-enhanced (ME) SIMS, for direct molecular imaging of nervous tissue at micrometer spatial resolution. Cryosections of the cerebral ganglia of the freshwater snail Lymnaea stagnalis were placed on indium-tin-oxide (ITO)-coated conductive glass slides and covered with a thin layer of 2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid by electrospray deposition. High-resolution molecular ion maps of cholesterol and the neuropeptide APGWamide were constructed. APGWamide was predominantly localized in the cluster of neurons that regulate male copulation behavior of Lymnaea. ME-SIMS imaging allows direct molecule-specific imaging from tissue sections without labeling and opens a complementary mass window (<2500 Da) to MALDI imaging mass spectrometry at an order of magnitude higher spatial resolution (<3 microm).
authors.affiliation: FOM-Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan 407, 1098 SJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A F Maarten
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Altelaar
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van Minnen
authors.forename: Connie R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Jiménez
authors.forename: Ron M A
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Heeren
authors.forename: Sander R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Piersma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D017952:Ganglia, Invertebrate / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008195:Lymnaea; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D009417:Nerve Tissue / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D018629:Spectrometry, Mass, Secondary Ion / Q000379:methods*; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D009479:Neuropeptides