title: Detection of binary-toxin genes (cdtA and cdtB) among Clostridium difficile strains isolated from patients with C. difficile-associated diarrhoea (CDAD) in Poland.
abstract: Clostridium difficile A+ B+ and A- B+ strains isolated from stool samples of patients with C. difficile-associated diarrhoea (CDAD) were selected from the University Hospital Warsaw collection. The binary-toxin genes cdtA and cdtB were detected by PCR in five of the 41 A+ B+ strains tested, but in none of the 17 A- B+ strains tested, giving 8.6 % prevalence (5/58) of binary-toxin-positive strains. All of the strains that were positive for binary-toxin genes were grouped into toxinotype IV, suggesting that in this institution toxinotype IV might dominate among the population of C. difficile with binary-toxin genes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 5 Chalubinski Street, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland 2Department of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pituch
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 5 Chalubinski Street, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland 2Department of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Maja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rupnik
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 5 Chalubinski Street, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland 2Department of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Obuch-Woszczatyński
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 5 Chalubinski Street, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland 2Department of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grubesic
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 5 Chalubinski Street, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland 2Department of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Felicja
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Meisel-Mikołajczyk
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Medical University of Warsaw, 5 Chalubinski Street, 02-004 Warsaw, Poland 2Department of Biology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Mirosław
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Łuczak
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016360:Clostridioides difficile / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000382:microbiology*; D004761:Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous / Q000382:microbiology; D004768:Enterotoxins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004768:Enterotoxins; C041348:tcdA protein, Clostridium difficile; C031815:toxB protein, Clostridium difficile