title: Differentiation of human embryonic stem cells occurs through symmetric cell division.
abstract: Embryonic (ES) stem cells can be expanded indefinitely, yet retain the ability to form all cell types of the body. Here we report that human ES cells differentiate exclusively by symmetric cell division in each of four distinct differentiation conditions examined. This suggests that, in some respects, ES cells more closely resemble precursor or transit amplifying cells rather than adult stem cells.
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin-Madison Medical School, The Wisconsin National Primate Research Center, and The Genome Center of Wisconsin, The Genetics and Biotechnology Building, 452 Henry Mall, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Zwaka
authors.forename: James A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Thomson
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology*; D019070:Cell Lineage / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D039901:Totipotent Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology*