title: Increased C-reactive protein in ACE-inhibitor-induced angioedema.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to identify new factors which may contribute to angiotensin-converting-enzyme-inhibitor (ACEI)-induced angioedema.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a retrospective cohort study we examined 25 patients who used an ACEI and presented at our emergency room with acute angioedema as well as 18 patients with unknown cause of angioedema and a total of 21 patients on ACEI-therapy without previous angioedema. We measured markers of inflammation such as acute-phase proteins (C-reactive protein, fibrinogen), leukocyte count and body temperature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean interval between initiation of ACEI treatment and first manifestation of angioedema was 35.8 +/- 5.3 months. During symptomatic angioedema, mean plasma levels of C-reactive protein and fibrinogen were significantly increased by 7.3-fold and 1.5-fold, respectively, while leukocyte count and body temperature were normal. These changes disappeared after successful treatment of angioedema and were not found in patients with angioedema of unknown cause and those receiving ACEI without having experienced angioedema.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings demonstrate for the first time that ACEI-induced angioedema is associated with strongly increased plasma levels of CRP. We suggest that CRP is involved in the pathophysiology of ACEI-induced angioedema.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Heinrich-Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bas
authors.forename: T K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bier
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kojda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000799:Angioedema / Q000139:chemically induced*; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001831:Body Temperature; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012882:Skin Tests
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D005340:Fibrinogen; D002097:C-Reactive Protein