title: [CT of the temporal bone in the study of the inner ear structures in detection of the causes of neurosensory hypoacusis].
abstract: Computed tomograms of the inner ear structures (n=175) of 150 patients (age 0-75 years) with unaffected temporal bones were studied in detail. It is shown that polyposition CT of the temporal bone is a non-invasive method of visualization of the osseous labyrinth structures: cochlea, vestibule, semicircular canals, aqueducts of the labyrinth and internal acoustic meatus which are reflected on tomograms in 100% cases irrespective of the patient age. Their age-related features are analysed. CT imaging was made in 65 patients with neurosensory hypoacusis of inherited and acquired genesis. The following causes of neurosensory hypoacusis and deafness were revealed: congenital malformation of the labyrinth of Mondini type, common cavity of the labyrinth, cochlear hypoplasia, dysplasia of the vestibule and semicircular canals, a wide aqueduct of the vestibule, stenosis of the internal acoustic meatus, bulboform enlargement of the inner acoustic meatus, neurinoma (schwannoma) of the hearing nerve, Langerhans-cell histiocytosis with affection of the labyrinth capsule, atypical cholesteatoma. The detected changes in the inner ear structures determine further treatment policy.
authors.forename: E I
authors.initials: EI
authors.lastname: Zelikovich
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018424:Cholesteatoma, Middle Ear / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D003051:Cochlea / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D003056:Cochlear Nerve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D004428:Ear Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D007758:Ear, Inner / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006319:Hearing Loss, Sensorineural / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015614:Histiocytosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009442:Neurilemmoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D012665:Semicircular Canals / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed