title: Five new genome types of adenovirus type 37 caused epidemic keratoconjunctivitis in Sapporo, Japan, for more than 10 years.
abstract: Human adenovirus type 37 (HAdV-37) is a major cause of epidemic keratoconjunctivitis and has recently been the largest causative agent of keratoconjunctivitis in Japan. To investigate the genetic characteristics of HAdV-37 strains isolated in Sapporo, we analyzed the genome types and genetic relationships of 51 strains isolated there from 1990 through 2001. By using DNA restriction analysis, eight genome types (HAdV-37/D1, HAdV-37/D3, and HAdV-37/D6 to HAdV-37/D11) were identified, including five new ones. The restriction fragments of these genome types shared more than 95% identity with those of the prototype strain. By DNA sequence analysis, five and three single nucleotide substitutions, respectively, were found in partial sequences of the hexon and fiber genes. The combinations of mutations resulted in four hexon and fiber types (hx1 to hx4 and f1 to f4) and six hexon/fiber pairs (hx1/f1, hx2/f1, hx1/f2, hx1/f3, hx3/f4, and hx4/f4). The six pairs correlated well with certain genome types. In all three epidemics of keratoconjunctivitis to strike Sapporo in the past 12 years, specific genome types and fiber types were usually isolated: in the first epidemic, HAdV-37/D1 (f1) and HAdV-37/D3 (f1); in the second, HAdV-37/D6 (f2) and HAdV-37/D8 (f3); and in the third, HAdV-37/D10 (f4) and HAdV-37/D11 (f4). We conclude that mutations in the adenovirus genome occurred chronologically and that certain mutations were correlated with the epidemics of adenoviral keratoconjunctivitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, North 15, West 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8638, Japan. tsariga@med.hokudai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Toshihide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ariga
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiratori
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohgami
authors.forename: Shudo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Yoshitsugu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tagawa
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: Yoshie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyakita
authors.forename: Kozo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishiko
authors.forename: Koki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Shigeaki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohno
mesh_terms: D000258:Adenovirus Infections, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D000260:Adenoviruses, Human / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002460:Cell Line; D003236:Conjunctivitis, Viral / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D016679:Genome, Viral; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D007637:Keratoconjunctivitis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D036022:Capsid Proteins; C018315:hexon capsid protein, Adenovirus; D004262:DNA Restriction Enzymes