Bacterial toxins that modulate host cell-cycle progression.
The mammalian cell cycle is involved in many processes--such as immune responses, maintenance of epithelial barrier functions, and cellular differentiation--that affect the growth and colonization of pathogenic bacteria. Therefore it is not surprising that many bacterial pathogens manipulate the host cell cycle with respect to these functions. Cyclomodulins are a growing family of bacterial toxins and effectors that interfere with the eukaryotic cell cycle. Here, we review some of these cyclomodulins such as cytolethal distending toxins, vacuolating cytotoxin, the polyketide-derived macrolide mycolactone, cycle-inhibiting factor, cytotoxic necrotizing factors, dermonecrotic toxin, Pasteurella multocida toxin and cytotoxin-associated antigen A. We describe and compare their effects on the mammalian cell cycle and their putative role in disease, commensalism and symbiosis. We also discuss a possible link between these cyclomodulins and cancer.
Oswald
Eric
E
UMR1225 "Interactions Hôtes-Agents Pathogènes", Ecole Nationale Vétérinaire, 23 chemin des Capelles, 31076 Toulouse, France. e.oswald@envt.fr
Nougayrède
Jean-Philippe
JP
Taieb
Frédéric
F
Sugai
Motoyuki
M
D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans
D001427:Bacterial Toxins