title: Low plasma adiponectin levels predict progression of coronary artery calcification.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Circulating adiponectin levels are lower in men than in women and lower in advanced coronary artery disease, obesity, and type 2 but not type 1 diabetes. However, it is not known whether low adiponectin levels predict development of atherosclerosis independently of other cardiovascular risk factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Progression of coronary artery calcification (CAC) over an average of 2.6 years (range, 1.6 to 3.3) was assessed in a cohort of patients with type 1 diabetes and nondiabetic subjects 19 to 59 years of age. In this nested case-control substudy, plasma adiponectin levels were measured in 101 cases with significant CAC progression and in 205 controls. Controls were oversampled on the basis of age, gender, diabetes status, and presence of baseline CAC. In conditional logistic regression adjusted for baseline CAC volume and other significant predictors of CAC progression, adiponectin levels were inversely related to progression of CAC in diabetic (OR, 0.47; 95% CI, 0.24 to 0.94) and nondiabetic (OR, 0.15; 95% CI, 0.05 to 0.40 for a doubling in adiponectin levels) subjects. Adjustment for additional cardiovascular risk factors did not change this association. In conditional logistic regression models by quartiles of plasma adiponectin levels, the probability value for trend was statistically significant for all participants (P<0.001) and nondiabetic participants (P<0.001) and was borderline for type 1 diabetics (P=0.08).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Low plasma adiponectin levels are associated with progression of CAC in type 1 diabetic and nondiabetic subjects independently of other cardiovascular risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Barbara Davis Center for Childhood Diabetes, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, 4200 E 9th Ave, Denver, CO 80262, USA. David.Maahs@uchsc.edu
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Maahs
authors.forename: Lorraine G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Ogden
authors.forename: Gregory L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Kinney
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wadwa
authors.forename: Janet K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Snell-Bergeon
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dabelea
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Hokanson
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ehrlich
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Eckel
authors.forename: Marian
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rewers
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin; D000328:Adult; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000473:pathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000473:pathology*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins