title: Specificity of autobiographical memories and basal cortisol levels in patients with major depression.
abstract: This study investigated whether over-general retrieval of autobiographical memories in depression is related to increased basal cortisol levels. Forty-seven individuals with a current diagnosis of major depression were given the autobiographical memory test, in which they were asked to produce specific autobiographical memories following positive, negative and neutral cue words. Salivary cortisol samples were taken at fixed time intervals during testing in the afternoon. Basal cortisol levels did not appear to be markedly elevated and were not significantly correlated with autobiographical memory performance. There were, however, strong negative correlations between memory specificity and decreases of cortisol levels over time of testing. Findings suggest that while specificity of autobiographical memory may be sensitive to cortisol changes, the occurrence of over-general memory in depression is not necessarily due to increased cortisol levels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, England, UK. thorsten.barnhofer@psychiatry.oxford.ac.uk
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Barnhofer
authors.forename: Eva-Maria
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Kuehn
authors.forename: Renate
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Jong-Meyer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019540:Area Under Curve; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D006854:Hydrocortisone