title: Rules for the classification of younger children with nonverbal learning disabilities and basic phonological processing disabilities.
abstract: Rules for the classification of Nonverbal Learning Disabilities (NLD) and Basic Phonological Processing Disabilities (BPPD) that had been generated and tested on older children (ages 9-15) were applied to younger children (ages 7-8). The goal was to evaluate the applicability of these classification rules for a younger population with NLD and BPPD, and to make revisions if necessary. These rules were used to differentiate these two subtypes of learning disabilities using levels and patterns of performance on motor/psychomotor, tactile/perceptual, visual-spatial, auditory-perceptual, problem solving, and language measures. An experienced child-clinical neuropsychologist classified each child. Only those children who received a classification of NLD or BPPD by the neuropsychologist and those who met criteria for definite or probable NLD and BPPD as defined by the rules were used in this study. Revisions were made to these rules for younger children. Revised rules allow for their use as a source of information to assist a clinician in deciding whether a comprehensive neuropsychological evaluation would be valuable. They may also be useful for research purposes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Windsor, Windsor, Ont., Canada N9B 3P4. craigpatdrummond@sympatico.ca
authors.forename: Christine R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Drummond
authors.forename: Saadia A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Byron P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Rourke
mesh_terms: D001184:Articulation Disorders / Q000145:classification*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D017408:Guidelines as Topic; D006801:Humans; D007804:Language Development; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000145:classification*; D008297:Male; D011340:Problem Solving; D011594:Psychometrics; D012016:Reference Values