title: Effect of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi on phytoextraction by corn (Zea mays) of lead-contaminated soil.
abstract: The role of arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) in lead (Pb) uptake by corn (Zea mays) grown in soil supplemented with Pb was examined. Plants were subjected to four Pb levels: 0 (control); 10 (low); 100 (medium); and 500 mg L(-1) (high). At each Pb level, plants were grown in soil without and with fungicide (benomyl) (20 mg kg(-1)) to suppress AMF activity. Benomyl significantly reduced AMF colonization at high. medium, and zero Pb exposures. Benomyl application resulted in significantly lower concentrations of phosphorus in leaves at low and medium Pb exposures. The benomyl-treated plants had higher Pb and manganese concentrations in leaves than plants not treated with benomyl. In addition, benomyl-treated plants had generally lower concentrations of zinc and copper in leaves than plants not treated with benomyl. These results suggest that the role of AMF in heavy metal uptake is metal specific. Based on this work, the use of benomyl on soils contaminated with Pb can be recommended in phytoextraction.
authors.affiliation: Troy University, Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, Troy, Alabama 36082, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hovsepyan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Greipsson
mesh_terms: D001542:Benomyl / Q000494:pharmacology; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000494:pharmacology; D007854:Lead / Q000378:metabolism*; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000378:metabolism; D038821:Mycorrhizae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000378:metabolism; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism*; D013997:Time Factors; D003313:Zea mays / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D018977:Micronutrients; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D010758:Phosphorus; D007854:Lead; D001542:Benomyl