title: Demonstration of the appearance of the paraspinal musculoligamentous structures of the cervical spine using ultrasound.
abstract: The application of ultrasound in the imaging of the neck has primarily focussed on anterior structures (e.g., thyroid gland). Structures located on the posterior aspect of the neck have received little attention. This study illustrates the capability of modern ultrasound equipment in visualising the musculoligamentous structures of the neck, particularly the paraspinal musculature. Ten healthy adult volunteers (6 female; 4 male) underwent ultrasound examination of the cervical spine. A standardised technique for transducer placement was adopted and successive images of the neck of each subject were obtained. Spatial compound (extended field of view) images were obtained in subjects using one of two different ultrasound systems. Images of structures produced by ultrasound were compared to those achieved with magnetic resonance imaging in three subjects. Identification of key landmarks aided orientation and identification of structures. The internal architecture of the musculoligamentous structures of the cervical spine, especially the posterior neck muscles, was demonstrated well using ultrasound. Our study showed that modern ultrasound equipment is capable of producing clear images of the posterior cervical spine musculature and certain bony features.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Spinal Studies and Surgery, Queen's Medical Centre, Nottingham, United Kingdom. yl.leung@doctors.org.uk
authors.forename: Y L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: A L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Roshier
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kerslake
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: McNally
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007403:Intervertebral Disc / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008022:Ligaments / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009334:Neck Muscles / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014463:Ultrasonography; D021801:Zygapophyseal Joint / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging