title: beta1-Adrenoceptor gene polymorphism predicts long-term changes in body weight.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The genes controlling long-term weight changes are largely unknown. The beta1 (beta1)-adrenoceptor gene contains two nonsynonomous single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs), Ser49Gly and Gly389Arg, that both are functional in human cell lines.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the influence of these two SNPs on short- and long-term changes in body mass index (BMI) in a population-based cohort of 761 women who were examined during pregnancy in 1984-1985 and 15 y thereafter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At entry, no genotype effect on BMI was found. After 15 y, the BMI of women carrying the Gly49-genotype (25.3+/-0.3 kg/m(2)) was higher (P<0.005) than that of Ser49-women (24.4+/-0.2 kg/m(2)). Also, the BMI-increase over 15 y was higher (P=0.018) in Gly49-women (3.3+/-0.2 kg/m(2)) than in Ser49-women (2.8+/-0.1 kg/m(2)). The odds ratio for being overweight after 15 y having the Gly49-genotype was 1.6 (confidence interval 1.1-2.3, P=0.01). No effect of SNP 389 alone on BMI was found but there was a genotype-genotype interaction. Those carrying the Gly49-Gly389 combination increased their BMI about 0.7 kg/m(2) more than other combinations (P=0.025). No genotype effect on BMI changes during pregnancy for either SNP was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Polymorphism of the beta1-adrenoceptor gene influences long-term weight gain and the incidence of adult-onset overweight in women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Linné
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dahlman
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hoffstedt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1