Efficacy of lifestyle modification for long-term weight control.
A comprehensive program of lifestyle modification induces loss of approximately 10% of initial weight in 16 to 26 weeks, as revealed by a review of recent randomized controlled trials, including the Diabetes Prevention Program. Long-term weight control is facilitated by continued patient-therapist contact, whether provided in person or by telephone, mail, or e-mail. High levels of physical activity and the consumption of low-calorie, portion-controlled meals, including liquid meal replacements, can also help maintain weight loss. Additional studies are needed of the effects of macronutrient content (e.g., low-fat vs. low-carbohydrate diets) on long-term changes in weight and health. Research also is needed on effective methods of providing comprehensive weight loss control to the millions of Americans who need it.
Wadden
Thomas A
TA
University of Pennsylvania, 3535 Market Street, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA. Wadden@mail.med.upenn.edu
Butryn
Meghan L
ML
Byrne
Kirstin J
KJ
D001521:Behavior Therapy; D001835:Body Weight; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002149:Energy Intake; D015444:Exercise; D005526:Food, Formulated; D006801:Humans; D020407:Internet; D008019:Life Style; D009765:Obesity / Q000628:therapy*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D013689:Telephone; D013997:Time Factors; D015430:Weight Gain
D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates