title: Partly occupied Wannier functions.
abstract: We introduce a scheme for constructing partly occupied, maximally localized Wannier functions (WFs) for both molecular and periodic systems. Compared to the traditional occupied WFs the partly occupied WFs possess improved symmetry and localization properties achieved through a bonding-antibonding closing procedure. We demonstrate the equivalence between bonding-antibonding closure and the minimization of the average spread of the WFs in the case of a benzene molecule and a linear chain of Pt atoms. The general applicability of the method is demonstrated through the calculation of WFs for a metallic system with an impurity: a Pt wire with a hydrogen molecular bridge.
authors.affiliation: Center for Atomic-scale Materials Physics, Department of Physics, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Kongens Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Thygesen
authors.forename: L B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Jacobsen