title: Cytokine responses induced by Mycobacterium tuberculosis in patients with HIV-1 infection and tuberculosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tuberculosis (TB) is an important opportunistic infection in HIV patients. Immune responses to Mycobacterium tuberculosis in HIV/TB patients were evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen patients with HIV/TB, ten with HIV, four with TB, and five controls were enrolled. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells were isolated and stimulated with mycobacterial antigen (PPD). Interferon (IFN)-gamma and TNF-alpha in culture supernatants were measured by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha production after PPD stimulation was markedly decreased in HIV patients, but not in HIV/TB patients. In HIV patients with a CD4 cell count of less than 200/mm3, IFN-gamma and TNF-alpha production after PPD stimulation was higher in HIV/TB patients than in HIV patients. Cytokine responses to M. tuberculosis reconstituted after highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and were prominent in HIV/TB patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cytokine responses to M. tuberculosis were retained in HIV-infected patients with tuberculosis, even in patients with a CD4 cell count of less than 200/mm3, and reconstituted after HAART.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, 110-744, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Myoung-Don
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Cheol-In
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Ui-Seok
authors.initials: US
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Nam Joong
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Bobin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hong Bin
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kang Won
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Choe
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007371:Interferon-gamma