title: Subcellular localization of p27kip1 expression predicts poor prognosis in human ovarian cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p27(kip1) regulates cellular progression from G(1) to S phase. Several studies have shown that loss of p27(kip1) protein expression is associated with disease progression in various malignancies. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the subcellular localization of this cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor in a large cohort of primary ovarian carcinomas and compare the results with clinicopathologic variables and overall survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subcellular localization of p27(kip1) was first assessed by Western blotting in nuclear and cytoplasmic extract from 13 cases of ovarian carcinoma. Subcellular localization of the p27(kip1) protein was evaluated using tissue microarrays containing 421 cases of ovarian carcinoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The presence of p27(kip1) in the cytoplasm regardless of the nuclear stain correlated strongly with late-stage disease (P < 0.03), extent of cytoreduction (P = 0.03), and shorter disease-specific survival (P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cytoplasmic localization of p27(kip1) predicts poorer prognosis in ovarian carcinoma, particularly in late-stage disease.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Pathology, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Daniel G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Rosen
authors.forename: Gong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Kathy Qi
authors.initials: KQ
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Bast
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Gershenson
authors.forename: Elvio G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Jinsong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D018262:Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D015153:Blotting, Western; D018269:Carcinoma, Endometrioid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018297:Neoplasms, Cystic, Mucinous, and Serous / Q000378:metabolism / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism; D015996:Survival Rate; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27