title: Carbohydrate feedings during team sport exercise preserve physical and CNS function.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to examine the effect of carbohydrate (CHO) feedings on physical and central nervous system (CNS) function during intermittent high-intensity exercise with physical demands similar to those of team sports such as basketball.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty active men (N = 10) and women (N = 10), with experience competing in team sports, performed three practice sessions before two experimental trials during which they were fed either a 6% CHO solution or a flavored placebo (PBO). Experimental trials consisted of four 15-min quarters of shuttle running with variable intensities ranging from walking (30% VO(2max)), to running (120% VO(2max)), to maximal sprinting, and 40 jumps at a target hanging at 80% of their maximum vertical jump height. Subjects received 5 mL.kg(-1) of fluid before exercise and 3 mL.kg(-1) after exercise, in addition to 3 mL.kg(-1) over a 5-min span after the first and third quarters, and 8 mL.kg(-1) during a 20-min halftime. During each break, the subjects performed a battery of tests measuring peripheral and CNS function, including 20-m sprints, a 60-s maximal jumping test, internal and external mood evaluation, cognitive function, force sensation, tests of motor skills, and target-jumping accuracy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with PBO, CHO feedings during exercise resulted in faster 20-m sprint times and higher average jump height in the fourth quarter (P < 0.05). CHO feedings also reduced force sensation, enhanced motor skills, and improved mood late in exercise versus PBO (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that CHO feedings during intermittent high-intensity exercise similar to that of team sports benefited both peripheral and CNS function late in exercise compared with a flavored placebo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Exercise Science, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC 29208, USA.
authors.forename: Jason J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Winnick
authors.forename: J Mark
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Ralph S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Welsh
authors.forename: Martin D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Carmichael
authors.forename: E Angela
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Jill A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Blackmon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000502:physiology*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D017933:Peripheral Nervous System / Q000502:physiology; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D012016:Reference Values; D013177:Sports
chemical_list: D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates