title: Ocular findings in patients with solid tumours treated with the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor gefitinib ('Iressa', ZD1839) in Phase I and II clinical trials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the strategy used for large-scale ophthalmological monitoring in the clinical development of the novel anticancer agent gefitinib ('Iressa', ZD1839), an epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor, which had demonstrated ocular effects in preclinical animal models.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this extensive clinical trial programme, patients in Phase I and II trials underwent frequent and intensive ophthalmological monitoring at baseline and during the trials. Data were reviewed by an external independent Ophthalmology Advisory Board.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ophthalmological data for 221 patients in Phase I trials of gefitinib and 425 patients in Phase II trials revealed no evidence of any consistent or drug-related ophthalmological toxicity. Interestingly, the baseline data revealed that, in an asymptomatic population, transient ophthalmological events are identified during monitoring.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study reports the methodology and normative data in an ophthalmological screening programme that should prove useful for future studies.
authors.affiliation: Royal Eye Hospital, Manchester, UK. Andrew.Tullo@CMMC.nhs.uk
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Tullo
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Esmaeli
authors.forename: P I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Murray
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bristow
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Forsythe
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Faulkner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016903:Drug Monitoring; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D005260:Female; D000077156:Gefitinib; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011799:Quinazolines; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D000077156:Gefitinib