title: A risk haplotype in the Solute Carrier Family 22A4/22A5 gene cluster influences phenotypic expression of Crohn's disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previously, we identified 2 functionally relevant polymorphisms in the SLC22A4 / 22A5 genes at the IBD5 locus that alter gene/protein function and comprise a 2-allele haplotype ( SLC22A -TC) associated with increased risk for Crohn's disease (CD). Here we examine the contribution of this susceptibility haplotype alone and in combination with CARD15 variants to CD subphenotypes and to susceptibility to ulcerative colitis (UC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Phenotype-genotype associations were evaluated in a Canadian cohort including 507 patients with CD, 216 patients with UC, and 352 ethnically matched controls genotyped for SLC22A4 C1672T, SLC22A5 G-207C, and the major CD-associated CARD15 variants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The SLC22A -TC haplotype was strongly associated ( P < .0001) with CD in the non-Jewish subgroup of this cohort, and the combination of SLC22A -TC homozygosity and one or more of the common CARD15 disease susceptibility alleles engendered a 7.5-fold increase in risk for CD ( P = 9 x 10 -8 ) and a 4.5-fold increase in risk for ileal disease ( P = .001). The risk haplotype showed only a suggestive association with CD in the Jewish subgroup and no association with UC in the cohort or in subgroups stratified by CARD15 genotypes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SLC22A -TC haplotype acts together with CARD15 disease susceptibility alleles to increase risk for CD and ileal disease among CD patients but does not contribute to risk for UC in this Canadian cohort. The association of the SLC22A -TC haplotype and CARD15 alleles with ileal disease suggests that these variants have biologically intertwined effects in the pathogenesis of CD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Bill
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: Xiangjun
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wintle
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cescon
authors.forename: Mehrdad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yazdanpanah
authors.forename: Xiangdong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Vanya
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Peltekova
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Van Oene
authors.forename: Christopher I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Amos
authors.forename: Katherine A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Siminovitch
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001483:Base Sequence; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000235:genetics; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D017931:DNA Primers; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006580:Genetic Carrier Screening; D006801:Humans; D007585:Jews / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D005810:Multigene Family; D027701:Organic Cation Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D000074058:Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5; D027981:Symporters
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D027701:Organic Cation Transport Proteins; C109807:SLC22A4 protein, human; C492020:SLC22A5 protein, human; D000074058:Solute Carrier Family 22 Member 5; D027981:Symporters