title: Functions of the Yersinia effector proteins in inhibiting host immune responses.
abstract: The invasion strategies used by Yersinia species involve the 'hijacking' of host cellular signaling pathways, often involving microbial gene products that mimic the functions of the cellular proteins. Yersinia uses a type III secretion system to inject these microbial gene products, referred to as Yersinia effector proteins, into the host cytosol. Yersinia effector proteins can inhibit the host immune system through a diverse array of mechanisms including inhibition of the inflammatory response by interfering with cytokine production, inhibition of phagocytosis by disrupting the actin cytoskeleton, induction of apoptosis in macrophages and through the formation of novel signaling complexes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, CA 92093-0721, USA.
authors.forename: Lorena
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: Neal M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Alto
authors.forename: Jack E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Dixon
mesh_terms: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007107:Immune System / Q000187:drug effects*; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D015007:Yersinia / Q000254:growth & development / Q000472:pathogenicity*
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins