title: Grape seed proanthocyanidins extract promotes bone formation in rat's mandibular condyle.
abstract: We studied the effect of dietary supplementation with grape seed proanthocyanidins extract (GSPE) 3 mg added in 100 g high-calcium diet with a calcium content of 1697 mg 100 g(-1) on mandibular condyle bone debility, which was induced by a low-calcium diet. Forty Wistar male rats, 5 week old, were randomly divided into control (Co), low-calcium diet (LC), low-calcium/high-calcium diet (LCH), and low-calcium/high-calcium with supplementary GSPE diet (LCHG) groups for 6 wk. Bone formation of the mandibular condyle was measured using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). Significant differences were not seen among the four groups for body weight, measured weekly. The LCHG group scored significantly higher in cortical bone density, total bone cross-sectional area, cortical bone cross-sectional area, cortical bone mineral content, total bone density, total bone mineral content, and in the stress-strain index to the reference axis x when compared with the LCH group. We concluded that a high-calcium diet combined with GSPE supplementation is more effective in reversing mandibular condyle bone debility in rats than is a low-calcium diet, standard diet, or high-calcium diet alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Kyushu Dental College, 2-6-1 Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu 803-8580, Japan. k-maki@kyu-dent.ac.jp
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Kenshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maki
authors.forename: Iwan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tofani
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Mitsutaka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D019412:Anatomy, Cross-Sectional; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D002118:Calcium / Q000172:deficiency; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004548:Elasticity; D008297:Male; D008335:Mandibular Condyle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects*; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012639:Seeds; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D027843:Vitis
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D008903:Minerals; D010936:Plant Extracts; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D002118:Calcium