title: Anti-inflammatory activity of gumiganghwaltang through the inhibition of nuclear factor-kappa B activation in peritoneal macrophages.
abstract: Gumiganghwaltang (GMGHT) is an Oriental herbal prescription, which has been commonly used to treat a cold and inflammatory diseases in Korea. However, the mechanism of GMGHT is not clear. In this study, we investigated the anti-inflammatory mechanism of GMGHT in mouse peritoneal macrophages. GMGHT exerted an anti-inflammatory action through inhibiting lipopolysaccaride (LPS)-induced tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-6 production in mouse peritoneal macrophages. The maximal inhibition rate of TNF-alpha, and IL-6 production by GMGHT (1 mg/ml) was 52.31+/-2.8% and 56.31+/-3.1%, respectively. In the inflammatory process, cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) increased in peritoneal macrophages. GMGHT decreased the protein level of COX-2 and iNOS in LPS-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages. In addition, GMGHT inhibited nuclear factor-kappaB activation and IkappaB-alpha degradation. Our study suggests that an important molecular mechanism by GMKHT reduce inflammation, which might explain its beneficial effect in the regulation of inflammatory reactions.
authors.affiliation: College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 1 Hoegi-Dong, Dongdaemum-Gu, Seoul 130-701, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Su-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyun-Ja
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Phil-Dong
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Kang-Min
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hong-Beom
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hee-Jae
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Sung-Ki
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Hyung-Koo
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: Deok-Chun
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Seung-Heon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Hyung-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D016328:NF-kappa B; D028321:Plant Preparations; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse