title: Pentoxifylline does not improve outcome in a murine model for the multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of pentoxifylline (PTX) administration in a murine model for the multiple-organ dysfunction syndrome (MODS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective double-blind randomized animal study in a university research laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty C57BL/6 mice were given an aseptic intraperitoneal injection of lipopolysaccharide followed after 6 days by zymosan (day 0) at a dose of either 0.9 or 1.0 mg/g body weight. Starting on day 0 mice were administered PTX at a dose of 80 mg/kg body weight or saline per os every 8 h. On day 17 surviving animals were killed, and their liver, lungs, spleen, and kidneys were collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mortality, course of body temperature, body weight, and macroscopic lung damage were similar between zymosan-treated groups. Administration of PTX did not significantly alter survival, body temperature, body weight, or macroscopic lung damage. In addition, there were no significant differences in organ weights between mice that received PTX and mice that received PBS. Although PTX inhibited the lipopolysaccharide-induced increase in tumor necrosis factor alpha and interleukin 6 expression (but not interleukin 1beta expression) at both mRNA and protein level in a murine macrophage cell line, tumor necrosis factor alpha mRNA expression in the livers of PTX-treated mice was not significantly inhibited.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results reported here do not support the hypothesis that PTX improves outcome in zymosan-induced multiple-organ dysfunction in mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, P.O. Box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: T J H
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Volman
authors.forename: R J A
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Goris
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hendriks
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016207:Cytokines / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D010431:Pentoxifylline / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011897:Random Allocation; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015054:Zymosan
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D015054:Zymosan; D010431:Pentoxifylline