title: Development of questionnaires to measure patient preferences for intranasal corticosteroids in patients with allergic rhinitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a questionnaire to evaluate preferences for attributes of intranasal corticosteroids (INSs) in clinical trials with allergic rhinitis (AR) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Established questionnaire development practices were used, including performance of a literature review and use of patient and physician focus groups, cognitive debriefing interviews, and pilot testing before validation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Findings from patient and physician focus groups suggest that sensory attributes are relevant to AR patients when choosing INSs. Physician focus groups identified the need for 2 distinct preference instruments, a clinical trial patient preference questionnaire (CTPPQ) and a clinical practice preference questionnaire (CPPPQ). A pilot study suggests that the CTPPQ is capable of discriminating between 2 INSs in the clinical trial setting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Initial findings suggest that items in the CTPPQ and CPPPQ are easy to understand and relevant to patients. Further validation studies with larger sample sizes are needed to assess the psychometric properties of both questionnaires.
  
  
  METHODS
  B-20.
authors.affiliation: Allergy and Asthma Medical Group and Research Center, San Diego, CA 92123, USA. eomeltzer@aol.com
authors.forename: Eli O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Meltzer
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hadley
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blaiss
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Benninger
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kimel
authors.forename: Leah
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kleinman
authors.forename: Leon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dupclay
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leahy
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Georges
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000328:Adult; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000068656:Mometasone Furoate; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011244:Pregnadienediols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D011244:Pregnadienediols; D000068656:Mometasone Furoate; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide