title: Increased endometrial thickness is associated with improved treatment outcome for selected patients undergoing in vitro fertilization-embryo transfer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine possible relationships between endometrial thickness and treatment outcome after IVF and embryo transfer, and to explore the role of potential confounding factors that may influence such relationships.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A university-affiliated clinical IVF center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients undergoing IVF-embryo transfer with their own oocytes.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endometrial thickness was determined on the day of hCG administration, 2 days before oocyte retrieval. Clinical pregnancy was confirmed by ultrasound observation of fetal heart activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study analyzed 897 IVF-embryo transfer cycles. Treatment outcome (clinical pregnancy) after IVF-embryo transfer was positively associated with increased endometrial thickness and peak E(2) concentrations in serum, and negatively associated with advanced age. Endometrial thickness was dependent on peak E(2) concentrations in serum, but was independent of patient age or duration of ovarian stimulation. Thin endometrium reduced PRs in relatively young patients (<38 years old), in patients who required more than 10 days of gonadotropin stimulation, or in patients whose embryo transfers consisted of poor quality embryos.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased endometrial thickness was associated with improved treatment outcome, but this association was dependent on patient age, duration of ovarian stimulation, and embryo quality.
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Infertility, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Feinberg School of Medicine of Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA. x-zhang3@northwestern.edu
authors.forename: Xingqi
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Chi-Huang
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Edmond
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Confino
authors.forename: Randall
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: Magdy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Milad
authors.forename: Ralph R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Kazer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D004717:Endometrium / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D006801:Humans; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D012372:ROC Curve; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D004958:Estradiol