title: HDM2 phosphorylation by MAPKAP kinase 2.
abstract: p53 stability is regulated by HDM2, a RING domain protein that acts as an E3 ligase to ubiquitinate p53 and target its degradation. Phosphorylation of HDM2 on serine 166 by AKT has been shown to enhance HDM2 activity and promote the degradation of p53. Here, we show that MAPKAP kinase 2 (MK2) can phosphorylate HDM2 on serine 157 and 166 in vitro. Treatment of cells with anisomycin, which activates MK2, also results in phosphorylation of HDM2 on serine 157 and 166 in vivo. Mutation of the MK2 phosphorylation sites in HDM2 to aspartic acid renders HDM2 slightly more active in the degradation of p53, and mouse cells deficient for MK2 show reduced Mdm2 phosphorylation and elevated levels of p53 protein. Together, our results suggest that MK2 may act to dampen the extent and duration of the p53 response.
authors.affiliation: The Beatson Institute for Cancer Research, Garscube Estate, Switchback Road, Glasgow, G61 1BD, UK.
authors.forename: Hans Oliver
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Ludwig
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Morrison
authors.forename: Alexey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kotlyarov
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gaestel
authors.forename: Karen H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Vousden
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000841:Anisomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D051379:Mice; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2; D014162:Transfection; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D000099190:MAP-Kinase-Activated Kinase 2
chemical_list: D000841:Anisomycin; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D000099190:MAP-Kinase-Activated Kinase 2; C497206:MDM2 protein, human; C497207:Mdm2 protein, mouse