title: Extraction of a plasma time-activity curve from dynamic brain PET images based on independent component analysis.
abstract: A compartment model has been used for kinetic analysis of dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) data [e.g., 2-deoxy-2-18F-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG)]. The input function of the model [the plasma time-activity curve (pTAC)] was obtained by serial arterial blood sampling. It is of clinical interest to develop a method for PET studies that estimates the pTAC without needing serial arterial blood sampling. For this purpose, we propose a new method to extract the pTAC from the dynamic brain PET images using a modified independent component analysis [extraction of the pTAC using independent component analysis (EPICA). Source codes of EPICA are freely available at http://www5f.biglobe.ne.jp/ũkimura/Software/top.html]. EPICA performs the appropriate preprocessing and independent component analysis (ICA) using an objective function that takes the various properties of the pTAC into account. After validation of EPICA by computer simulation, EPICA was applied to human brain FDG-PET studies. The results imply that the EPICA-estimated pTAC was similar to the actual measured pTAC, and that the estimated blood volume image was highly correlated with the blood volume image measured using 15O-CO inhalation. These results demonstrated that EPICA is useful for extracting the pTAC from dynamic PET images without the necessity of serial arterial blood sampling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Information Processing, Graduate School of Information Science, Nara Institute of Science and Technology, Nara 630-0192, Japan.
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naganawa
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oda
authors.forename: Kiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishiwata
authors.forename: Ayumu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Matani
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008959:Models, Neurological; D015233:Models, Statistical; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18