title: Superoxide dismutase isoforms 1 and 2 in lumbar spinal cord of neonatal rats after sciatic nerve transection and melatonin treatment.
abstract: Oxidative stress has been implicated in motoneuron death secondary to axotomy in the neonatal period. We studied the effect of sciatic transection at P2 on the motoneuron population in the lumbar enlargement of newborn rats looking for a protective role of daily doses of the antioxidant melatonin. The animals were allowed to survive from P2 to P7, and the spinal cords were processed for immunohistochemistry for superoxide dismutase (SOD) isoforms 1 and 2 and nitric oxide synthase (nNOS) (at 2, 3, 5, and 7 days post-natum), histological neuron counting and immunoblotting for the SOD isoforms (both at 2, 3, and 7 days post-natum). Melatonin reduced by 75% motoneuron loss due to axotomy at P3 and P7. Neither sciatic transection nor melatonin induced any detectable changes in the immunoreactivity patterns of the enzymes. SOD1 was expressed diffusely in the cytoplasm of neurons and ependyma and in the nuclei of presumed glial cells from P2 to P7. SOD2 was detected in neurons and ependyma and its expression was similar to SOD1 at P2 but decreased later to a spotty cytoplasmic pattern in motoneurons. nNOS was localized to the cytoplasm of a few small cells in the ventral and dorsal horns and around the central canal. Immunoblotting at 1 day postaxotomy detected a significant increase in SOD1 expression in melatonin-treated axotomized rats and a decrease in controls after axotomy and vehicle. Blotting for SOD2 did not show significant changes between groups at any time. This study provides the first evidence that SOD2 immunostaining pattern varies during motoneuron postnatal development and that melatonin alters the expression of SOD1 in the present model of peripheral nerve injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, Institute of Biology, State University of Campinas, UNICAMP, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fábio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rogério
authors.forename: Simone A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.forename: Alexandre César Santos
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: de Rezende
authors.forename: Rafael Cofiño
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: de Sá
authors.forename: Luciano
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: de Souza Queiroz
authors.forename: Gilberto
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Nucci
authors.forename: Marcelo Nicolás
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Muscará
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Langone
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000379:methods; D002452:Cell Count / Q000379:methods; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D008161:Lumbosacral Region; D008550:Melatonin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D051381:Rats; D020426:Sciatic Neuropathy / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; D013997:Time Factors; D000099156:Superoxide Dismutase 2
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008550:Melatonin; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D000072105:Superoxide Dismutase-1; D000099156:Superoxide Dismutase 2; C496322:Nos1 protein, rat; C000606292:Sod1 protein, rat