title: 0.2% ropivacaine with or without sufentanil for patient-controlled epidural analgesia after anterior cruciate ligament repair.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this prospective, randomized, double-blind study was to evaluate the effects of adding 0.5 microg/ml sufentanil to 0.2% ropivacaine for patient controlled epidural analgesia (PCEA) on the quality of postoperative pain control in patients undergoing anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) reconstruction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty ASA physical status I-II patients, scheduled to have elective ACL repair were studied. Combined spinal-epidural anesthesia was performed at the L3-L4 or L4-L5 interspace using a needle-through-needle technique. Spinal anesthesia was induced with 10 mg of 0.5% hyperbaric bupivacaine. Postoperative epidural analgesia was started at the end of surgery using a continuous epidural infusion of 0.2% ropivacaine alone (n=10) or 0.2% ropivacaine/0.5 mg mL(-1) sufentanil (n=10). The degree of pain was evaluated at 1, 8, 16, 24 and 48 hours after surgery; at the same observation times the degree of motor block, sedation, oxygen saturation, total consumption of PCEA solution and incremental doses given to the patient were also recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No differences in the quality of intraoperative anesthesia was observed, and in no case general anesthesia was required to complete surgery. Patients receiving the combination of ropivacaine and sufentanil showed lower levels of VAS from 16 hours after surgery as compared with ropivacaine group (P=0.02). However, no differences in the degree of pain were observed between the 2 groups during continuous passive mobilization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adding 0.5 microg/ml sufentanil to 0.2% ropivacaine for patient controlled epidural analgesia improved pain control at rest but did not result in significant improvement of postoperative analgesia during continuous passive mobilization.
authors.affiliation: University of Parma, Department of Anesthesia and Pain Therapy, Ospedale Maggiore, Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berti
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Danelli
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Antonino
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Moizo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vinciguerra
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Casati
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000577:Amides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016058:Analgesia, Patient-Controlled; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000601:surgery*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D017409:Sufentanil / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D017409:Sufentanil