Pathophysiology and long-term management of the metabolic syndrome.
The metabolic syndrome has been characterized by a cluster of abnormalities that include obesity, hyperglycemia, dyslipidemia, and hypertension. Other conditions associated with this syndrome include microalbuminuria, inflammation, a prothrombotic state, and a fatty liver. Together, these abnormalities lead to an environment where the risk of developing both type 2 diabetes and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease are greatly enhanced. Recognition of this syndrome by practitioners, early treatment, and long-term management are crucial for disease prevention. Successful treatment requires the introduction of lifestyle changes initially and pharmacotherapy subsequently if lifestyle changes are not sufficient.
Pi-Sunyer
F Xavier
FX
Department of Medicine, St. Luke's/Roosevelt Hospital Center, 1111 Amsterdam Avenue, Room 1020, New York, NY 10025, USA. fxp@columbia.edu
D017667:Adipocytes; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D006728:Hormones; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*
D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D006728:Hormones; D007328:Insulin