title: The effect of Viagra (sildenafil citrate) on liver injury caused by chronic ethanol intragastric feeding in rats.
abstract: Rats fed with ethanol and a nutritious diet intragastrically develop liver pathologic changes associated with cyclic elevation of blood and urinary ethanol levels (BAL and UAL cycle). At the peaks of the UAL cycle, the livers are hypoxic. When the liver portal hepatic blood flow is temporarily clamped for 2 min and then released, the livers at the peak UAL fail to recover completely compared to the control livers and the livers at the UAL cycle troughs. Viagra was fed to the ethanol-fed rats to enhance the effects of nitric oxide. Since nitric oxide is known to increase hepatic blood flow, it was anticipated that Viagra would prevent the liver hypoxia at the UAL cycle peaks and also improve the post-clamp recovery from the post-clamp ischemia challenge. Viagra tended to improve the post-clamp recovery of the liver surface pO2 levels of the ethanol-fed rats probably by slowing O2 consumption as result of NO inhibition of mitochondrial cytochrome c oxidase activity. However, Viagra increased the pathology score when fed with ethanol. For this reason, Viagra is a two-edged sword. On the one hand, it tended to be protective in the post-ischemic injury in the ethanol-fed rats and on the other hand, it enhanced the liver injury caused by ethanol. Viagra did not affect the UAL cycle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 W. Carson Street, Torrance, CA 90509, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deleon
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: French
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: French
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D007511:Ischemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008108:Liver Diseases, Alcoholic / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011687:Purines; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013450:Sulfones; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D010879:Piperazines; D011687:Purines; D013450:Sulfones; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000431:Ethanol; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D010100:Oxygen