Induction of Th1 type response by DNA vaccinations with N, M, and E genes against SARS-CoV in mice.
Vaccination against the SARS-CoV infection is an attractive means to control the spread of viruses in public. In this study, we employed a DNA vaccine technology with the levamisole, our newly discovered chemical adjuvant, to generate Th1 type of response. To avoid the enhancement antibody issue, genes encoding the nucleocapsid, membrane, and envelope protein of SARS-CoV were cloned and their expressions in mammalian cells were determined. After the intramuscular introduction into animals, we observed that the constructs of the E, M, and N genes could induce high levels of specific antibodies, T cell proliferations, IFN-gamma, DTH responses, and in vivo cytotoxic T cells activities specifically against SARS-CoV antigens. The highest immune responses were generated by the construct encoding the nucleocapsid protein. The results suggest that the N, M, and E genes could be used as the targets to prevent SARS-CoV infection in the DNA vaccine development.
Jin
Huali
H
State Key Laboratory for Agro-Biotechnology, College of Biological Science, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100094, China.
Xiao
Chong
C
Chen
Ze
Z
Kang
Youmin
Y
Ma
Yijie
Y
Zhu
Kaichun
K
Xie
Qifa
Q
Tu
Yixian
Y
Yu
Yang
Y
Wang
Bin
B
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant / Q000379:methods; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods; D007978:Levamisole / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D045169:Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000235:genetics
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D016207:Cytokines; D019590:Nucleocapsid Proteins; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D007978:Levamisole