title: Use of ecotoxicological tools to evaluate the health of New Bedford Harbor sediments: a microbial biomarker approach.
abstract: We have been investigating microbial communities in sediments from New Bedford Harbor (NBH), Massachusetts, USA, for a number of years. NBH is a U.S. Environmental Protection Agency-designated Superfund site heavily contaminated with polychlorinated biphenyls, polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons, and heavy metals. Microorganisms are thought to contribute to the fate and distribution of contaminants in NBH through a variety of mechanisms, including direct transformations and formation of soluble and insoluble species. Our more recent research has focused on changes in microbial community structure and function in response to exposure to toxic contaminants, with the ultimate goal of using microbes as ecotoxicological tools. Microbial diversity, as measured by restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis, changes along pollution gradients, with an apparent increase in diversity at the most contaminated sites, concomitant with an increase in genetic relatedness. Current work on microbial communities examines the presence of arsenic-resistance genes in NBH isolates. In collaboration with the Plymouth Environmental Research Center, Plymouth University, United Kingdom, we have also used more conventional ecotoxicological approaches to examine the health of the NBH biota.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Montana State University, Bozeman, Montana 59717, USA. tford@montana.edu
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ford
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jay
authors.forename: Anand
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Molly
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kile
authors.forename: Phanida
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Prommasith
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Galloway
authors.forename: Ross
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sanger
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Depledge
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D015415:Biomarkers; D049872:Bivalvia / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D019015:Geologic Sediments; D008404:Massachusetts; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012623:Seawater; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical