title: Subcellular imaging mass spectrometry of brain tissue.
abstract: Imaging mass spectrometry provides both chemical information and the spatial distribution of each analyte detected. Here it is demonstrated how imaging mass spectrometry of tissue at subcellular resolution can be achieved by combining the high spatial resolution of secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) with the sample preparation protocols of matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI). Despite mechanistic differences and sampling 10(5) times less material, matrix-enhanced (ME)-SIMS of tissue samples yields similar results to MALDI (up to m/z 2500), in agreement with previous studies on standard compounds. In this regard ME-SIMS represents an attractive alternative to polyatomic primary ions for increasing the molecular ion yield. ME-SIMS of whole organs and thin sections of the cerebral ganglia of Lymnaea stagnalis demonstrate the advantages of ME-SIMS for chemical imaging mass spectrometry. Subcellular distributions of cellular analytes are clearly obtained, and the matrix provides an in situ height map of the tissue, allowing the user to identify rapidly regions prone to topographical artifacts and to deconvolute topographical losses in mass resolution and signal-to-noise ratio.
authors.affiliation: FOM Institute for Atomic and Molecular Physics, Kruislaan 407, 1098 SJ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Liam A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: McDonnell
authors.forename: Sander R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Piersma
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: MaartenAltelaar
authors.forename: Todd H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Mize
authors.forename: Stefan L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Luxembourg
authors.forename: Peter D E M
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Verhaert
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van Minnen
authors.forename: Ron M A
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Heeren
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000032:analysis; D003058:Cockroaches / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology*; D005841:Gentisates; D008195:Lymnaea / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D018629:Spectrometry, Mass, Secondary Ion / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014269:Trifluoroacetic Acid
chemical_list: D005841:Gentisates; D002784:Cholesterol; D014269:Trifluoroacetic Acid; C010925:2,5-dihydroxybenzoic acid