title: Retroperitoneoscopic management of caliceal diverticular calculi.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The management of caliceal diverticular calculi has changed from an open surgical approach to endoscopic management.
  
  
  METHODS
  Different minimally invasive treatment modalities, such as extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy, ureteroscopy, percutaneous nephrolithotomy, laparoscopy, and retroperitoneoscopy, can be offered to the patient. We report on a retroperitoneoscopic operative technique using endosonography for location and performing nephrotomy with complete excision of the caliceal diverticulum and ligation of the diverticular neck with an Endo-loop.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The advantages of this minimally invasive technique include total excision of the diverticulum with no risk of recurrence and easy and complete closure of the diverticular neck.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University Hospital of Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Stephen Frederic
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Wyler
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bachmann
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jayet
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Casella
authors.forename: Thomas C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Gasser
authors.forename: Tullio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sulser
mesh_terms: D004240:Diverticulum / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D019160:Endosonography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D009392:Nephrectomy; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D011704:Pyelonephritis / Q000601:surgery; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional