title: Kv1 K+ channels control Purkinje cell output to facilitate postsynaptic rebound discharge in deep cerebellar neurons.
abstract: Purkinje cells (PCs) generate the sole output of the cerebellar cortex and govern the timing of action potential discharge from neurons of the deep cerebellar nuclei (DCN). Here, we examine how voltage-gated Kv1 K+ channels shape intrinsically generated and synaptically controlled behaviors of PCs and address how the timing of DCN neuron output is modulated by manipulating PC Kv1 channels. Kv1 channels were studied in cerebellar slices at physiological temperatures with Kv1-specific toxins. Outside-out voltage-clamp recordings indicated that Kv1 channels are present in both somatic and dendritic membranes and are activated by Na+ spike-clamp commands. Whole-cell current-clamp recordings revealed that Kv1 K+ channels maintain low frequencies of Na+ spike and Ca-Na burst output, regulate the duration of plateau potentials, and set the threshold for Ca2+ spike discharge. Kv1 channels shaped the characteristics of climbing fiber (CF) responses evoked by extracellular stimulation or intracellular simulated EPSCs. In the presence of Kv1 toxins, CFs discharged spontaneously at approximately 1 Hz. Finally, "Kv1-intact" and "Kv1-deficient" PC tonic and burst outputs were converted to stimulus protocols and used as patterns to stimulate PC axons and synaptically activate DCN neurons. We found that the Kv1-intact patterns facilitated short-latency and high-frequency DCN neuron rebound discharges, whereas DCN neuron output timing was markedly disrupted by the Kv1-deficient stimulus protocols. Our results suggest that Kv1 K+ channels are critical for regulating the excitability of PCs and CFs and optimize the timing of PC outputs to generate appropriate discharge patterns in postsynaptic DCN neurons.
authors.affiliation: Hotchkiss Brain Institute, University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada T2N 4N1.
authors.forename: Bruce E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: McKay
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Molineux
authors.forename: W Hamish
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Mehaffey
authors.forename: Ray W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Turner
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology; D003712:Dendrites / Q000502:physiology; D004546:Elapid Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D019706:Excitatory Postsynaptic Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D017136:Ion Transport / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D010721:Phosphinic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D010852:Picrotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D011188:Potassium / Q000502:physiology; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011689:Purkinje Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012604:Scorpion Venoms / Q000494:pharmacology; D051637:Shaker Superfamily of Potassium Channels; D012964:Sodium / Q000502:physiology; D013779:Tetrodotoxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D014633:Valine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D004546:Elapid Venoms; D009498:Neurotoxins; D010721:Phosphinic Acids; D010852:Picrotoxin; D011188:Potassium; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; D015221:Potassium Channels; D011412:Propanolamines; D011810:Quinoxalines; D012604:Scorpion Venoms; D051637:Shaker Superfamily of Potassium Channels; D012964:Sodium; D013779:Tetrodotoxin; D014633:Valine; C110392:hongotoxin 1; C085075:CGP 55845A; C077910:margatoxin; C056723:FG 9041; C020273:dendrotoxin; C056639:2-amino-5-phosphopentanoic acid