title: Neointimal hyperplasia on a cell-seeded polytetrafluoroethylene graft is promoted by transfer of tissue plasminogen activator gene and inhibited by transfer of nitric oxide synthase gene.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to examine the effect of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) on thrombosis and neointimal hyperplasia on a polytetrafluoroethylene (PTFE) graft seeded with smooth muscle cells (SMCs).
  
  
  METHODS
  SMCs retrovirally transduced with tPA and eNOS genes were seeded on PTFE grafts and then implanted into the infrarenal rabbit aorta. Thrombosis and neointimal hyperplasia on the grafts were examined after 30 and 100 days of implantation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 30 days of implantation, thrombus was observed on the luminal surface of both unseeded and SMC seeded control grafts, whereas grafts seeded with SMCs secreting tPA were nearly free of thrombus. At 100 days, the neointima on grafts seeded with tPA transduced SMCs was significantly thicker (925 +/- 150 microm, n = 5) than neointima on the other grafts (range, 132 to 374 microm; P < .001). Neointima thickness on grafts seeded with eNOS transduced SMCs (154 +/- 27 microm) was similar to that of unseeded grafts (132 +/- 16 microm, P > .05); both were thinner than those on grafts seeded with SMCs transduced with only lacZ gene (287 +/- 35 microm). The ratio of seeded cells in the neointima was significantly higher on SMC/tPA grafts (46% +/- 8%) than SMC/NOS grafts (21% +/- 6%, P < .05), indicating tPA transduced cells proliferated more than eNOS transduced cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Engineered tPA expression in seeded SMCs causes significantly more neointimal hyperplasia, despite the favorable inhibition of luminal thrombus. eNOS expression in the seeded cells inhibits neointimal hyperplasia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, PO Box 019132, Miami, FL 33101, USA. hyu@med.miami.edu
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Wangde
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Rita L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Romaguera
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kirkman
authors.forename: Vincent L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Rowe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D006965:Hyperplasia; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; D011817:Rabbits; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000235:genetics*; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator