Regulation of nuclear transport: central role in development and transformation?
Transport of macromolecules into and out of the nucleus is generally effected by targeting signals that are recognized by specific members of the importin/exportin transport receptor family. The latter mediate passage through the nuclear envelope-embedded nuclear pore complexes (NPCs) by conferring interaction with NPC constituents, as well as with other components of the nuclear transport machinery, including the guanine nucleotide-binding protein Ran. Importantly, nuclear transport is regulated at multiple levels via a diverse range of mechanisms, such as the modulation of the accessibility and affinity of target signal recognition by importins/exportins, with phosphorylation/dephosphorylation as a major mechanism. Alteration of the level of the expression of components of the nuclear transport machinery also appears to be a key determinant of transport efficiency, having central importance in development, differentiation and transformation.
Poon
Ivan K H
IK
Department for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Nuclear Signalling Laboratory, Box 13D, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria 3168, Australia.
Jans
David A
DA
D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D005718:Gametogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006801:Humans; D028884:Karyopherins / Q000502:physiology*; D009685:Nuclear Envelope / Q000502:physiology; D019913:Nuclear Localization Signals / Q000502:physiology; D022022:Nuclear Pore / Q000378:metabolism; D028861:Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction
D028884:Karyopherins; D019913:Nuclear Localization Signals; D028861:Nuclear Pore Complex Proteins