title: Cognitive functioning in siblings discordant for schizophrenia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to investigate neuropsychological impairment as a genetically mediated risk indicator for schizophrenia while accounting for prevalence of schizotypy signs/symptoms in siblings.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cognitive functioning in 25 individuals with schizophrenia, 25 unaffected siblings and 25 unrelated healthy controls, was assessed using neuropsychological tests of sustained attention, memory and learning, executive function, visual-spatial ability and psychomotor performance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Unaffected siblings demonstrated better performance than patients on some measures of memory and learning and executive function. Patients and siblings demonstrated impaired Full Scale IQ and verbal fluency, otherwise siblings performed similarly to healthy controls. Controlling for differences in IQ, the shared deficit in verbal fluency disappeared.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with schizophrenia and unaffected siblings (without schizotypy personality disorder) shared a neuropsychological deficit in verbal fluency. This deficit appeared to be mediated by IQ. Deficits, which differentiated patients from controls, may not be inherited and perhaps are related to the manifestation or treatment of schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: Division of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kumari
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zachariah
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ettinger
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sumich
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sharma
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001288:Attention; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010468:Perceptual Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D011596:Psychomotor Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D035781:Siblings; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology