title: A comparison of traditional protractor versus Oxford Cobbometer radiographic measurement: intraobserver measurement variability for Cobb angles.
abstract: METHODS
  A comparison between measurement of radiographs using a traditional protractor method and the Oxford Cobbometer, which has the potential to reduce error.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess measurement variability of Cobb angles using the Oxford Cobbometer and to compare it to that of measurements made using the traditional protractor method.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Studies of the Cobb method have multiple sources of error and subsequent intraobserver variability. Estimates of intraobserver variability are from 2.8 degrees to 10 degrees.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-three scoliosis curves were measured by 3 examiners. Two measurement sets were performed using the traditional protractor method and two measurement sets performed using the Oxford Cobbometer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the protractor method, intraobserver variability was 9.01 degrees (95% confidence interval 7.32-10.88). For the Cobbometer method, the value was 5.77 degrees (95% confidence interval 3.25-7.63). The difference between error for construction and Cobbometer methods was significant (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates a lower intraobserver variability for the Oxford Cobbometer compared to the traditional construction method. The Oxford Cobbometer, besides being quick and easy to use, does not require the drawing of lines on films or the use of wide diameter radiographic markers and hence removes some sources of intrinsic error incurred during the traditional method of measuring Cobb angles.
authors.affiliation: Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Rosenfeldt
authors.forename: Ian J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Harding
authors.forename: Jennifer T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Hauptfleisch
authors.forename: Jeremy T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Fairbank
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D015588:Observer Variation; D011859:Radiography / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012107:Research Design; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging