title: Value of color Doppler ultrasonography in the evaluation of orbital vascular flow in end-stage renal disease patients undergoing hemodialysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate choroidal and retinal vascular flow dynamics by means of color Doppler ultrasonography in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis and to compare these findings with healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Color Doppler ultrasonography and spectral analysis of nasal and temporal posterior ciliary and central retinal artery flow of both eyes were performed in 20 patients (40 eyes) and 22 controls (44 eyes) to assess peak systolic flow velocity, end-diastolic flow velocity, and resistive indices (RI). Patients with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and any cardiac pathology were not included in the study. A general ophthalmologic examination was performed in all patients and controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average peak-systolic and end-diastolic blood flow velocities of nasal (12.88 +/- 4.91/6.88 +/- 3.26) and temporal (15.22 +/- 9.59/6.41 +/- 3.97) posterior ciliary artery and central retinal artery (14.94 +/- 8.38/6.7 +/- 4.13) in patients were significantly higher than the corresponding values of the controls. The RI values of nasal (0.52 +/- 0.10) and temporal (0.58 +/- 0.12) posterior ciliary artery and central retinal artery (0.55 +/- 0.11) in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis were significantly lower than in the controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Choroidal and retinal blood flow velocities are higher and RI values for all three vessels lower in patients with end-stage renal disease undergoing hemodialysis compared to healthy controls. These alterations may be related to either increased choroidal blood flow or vasoconstriction of the proximal vessels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, School of Medicine, Baskent University Adana and Ankara Hospital, Turkey. obarutcu@yahoo.com
authors.forename: O Barutcu
authors.initials: OB
authors.lastname: Saygili
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pelit
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Torun
authors.forename: N C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Tarhan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pelit
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yildirim
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pourbagher
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D009915:Orbit / Q000098:blood supply*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color