title: Aripiprazole augmentation in treatment-resistant depression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Evidence is accumulating to support the use of atypical neuroleptics as adjunctive treatment for refractory mood disorders, although there are currently no published data on the efficacy of an atypical neuroleptic in treatment-resistant depression when a previous trial of drug from the same class has failed. The authors hypothesized that aripiprazole would be efficacious in augmenting antidepressant treatment in resistant patients with non-psychotic unipolar depression who had previously failed a trial of another atypical neuroleptic.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was a retrospective chart review of the efficacy of aripiprazole augmentation in 30 treatment-resistant unipolar depression patients who had failed multiple previous antidepressant trials and had also failed augmentation with at least one other atypical neuroleptic. Prospective Global Assessment of Functioning and Clinical Global Impressions-Improvement scores were completed on each patient throughout treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Utilizing an intent-to-treat analysis (including 9 patients who dropped out prior to completion of 6 weeks), 46.7% (14/30) patients were rated much improved or very much improved with treatment. This improvement negatively correlated with Thase-Rush staging of treatment resistance. GAF scores also showed a significant improvement. Six of the 14 patients who initially improved subsequently relapsed (yielding a long-term net response rate of 26.7%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aripiprazole may be effective as an antidepressant augmentation agent in highly treatment resistant patients who had failed a prior trial of another atypical neuroleptic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA. jbarbe@lsuhsc.edu
authors.forename: James G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Barbee
authors.forename: Erich J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Conrad
authors.forename: Nowal J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Jamhour
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068180:Aripiprazole; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010879:Piperazines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D015363:Quinolones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D010879:Piperazines; D015363:Quinolones; D000068180:Aripiprazole