title: Mutagenicity evaluation of Schistosoma spp. extracts by the umu-test and V79/HGPRT gene mutation assay.
abstract: Schistosomiasis has been suspected of being a risk factor for various types of cancers for sometime, e.g., bladder cancer, colorectal cancer and hepatic cancer. Among them, the etiological relationship between urinary schistosomiasis and bladder cancer is now widely accepted. However, mechanisms of the carcinogenesis are still unclear. Here, we tested the mutagenicity of the parasite extracts by the umu-test and hypoxanthine guanine phosphoribosyltransferase (HGPRT) gene mutation assay, which both overcome disadvantages of the Ames plate assay. Adult worm extracts and egg extracts of Schistosoma haematobium and Schistosoma mansoni were tested. Under our experimental conditions, neither worm nor egg extracts were shown to have any mutagenicity in both tests even in the presence of S9 mix. Our results suggest that there is very little possibility of immediate gene mutation due to the parasite-derived substances in schistosomiasis-related carcinogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology and Tropical Public Health, The University of Occupational and Environmental Health, 1-1 Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu 807-8555, Japan. yosada@med.uoeh-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yoshio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Osada
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kumagai
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Tamotsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanazawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens; D002460:Cell Line; D006224:Cricetinae; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D007041:Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens; D009154:Mutation; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012547:Schistosoma / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D012548:Schistosoma haematobium / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D012550:Schistosoma mansoni / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D009153:Mutagens; C078202:UmuC protein, E coli; D007041:Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase; D004259:DNA-Directed DNA Polymerase