title: Glucosamine induces lipid accumulation and adipogenic change in C2C12 myoblasts.
abstract: Hyperglycemia-induced activation of hexosamine biosynthesis pathway (HBP) has been implicated in the development of insulin resistance in skeletal muscles. In the present study, the content of uridine-5'-diphospho-N-acetylglucosamine, the end product of the HBP, was elevated in skeletal muscle of obese diabetic KKA(y) mice, compared with control mice. To elucidate the effect of elevated HBP in the skeletal muscle, we treated C2C12 myoblasts with glucosamine, an intermediate metabolite of the HBP. Glucosamine induced lipid accumulation and significantly increased the mRNA expression levels of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma, adiponectin, and aP2 in C2C12 myoblasts. Similar mRNA changes were observed in skeletal muscles of Sprague-Dawley rats treated with glucosamine infusion. Our results provide a possible explanation of hyperglycemia-induced insulin resistance in skeletal muscle.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Pathophysiology, Graduate School of Frontier Biosciences, Osaka University, 2-2 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Shigetada
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shiotani
authors.forename: Yasuaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsushita
authors.forename: Morihiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Iichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shimomura
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006595:Hexosamines / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014537:Uridine Diphosphate N-Acetylglucosamine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006595:Hexosamines; D014537:Uridine Diphosphate N-Acetylglucosamine