title: Biogenic amines in wines from three Spanish regions.
abstract: One hundred and sixty-three wines from La Rioja, Utiel-Requena, and Tarragona were analyzed to determine if there were any differences in the concentrations of six biogenic amines that are found in these three regions. The influence of grape variety, type of vinification, wine pH, malolactic fermentation, and storage in bottle on biogenic amine concentrations was studied. Results show important differences in putrescine and histamine concentrations among regions, varieties of grape, and type of wine; differences were less appreciable for the remaining biogenic amines studied. Low pH prevented biogenic amine formation. Malolactic fermentation and short storage periods in bottle (3-6 months) showed increases in histamine concentration, whereas longer periods of storage led to a general decrease in histamine. Several strains of lactic acid bacteria were isolated in this work, and their ability to form biogenic amines was assayed in synthetic media, grape must, and wine. Grape varieties, different types of winemaking, pH, and lactic acid bacteria may be responsible for the differences observed in the biogenic amine concentrations of the wines analyzed.
authors.affiliation: ENOLAB, Laboratori de Microbiologia Enologica, Departament de Microbiologia i Ecologia, Facultat de Biologia, Universitat de València, c/ Dr. Moliner 50, E-46100 Burjassot, València, Spain.
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Landete
authors.forename: Sergi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ferrer
authors.forename: Lucía
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Polo
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pardo
mesh_terms: D001679:Biogenic Amines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005285:Fermentation; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D006632:Histamine / Q000032:analysis; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007777:Lactobacillaceae / Q000378:metabolism; D010376:Pediococcus / Q000378:metabolism; D011700:Putrescine / Q000032:analysis; D013030:Spain; D013045:Species Specificity; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry; D014920:Wine / Q000032:analysis* / Q000145:classification
chemical_list: D001679:Biogenic Amines; D006632:Histamine; D011700:Putrescine