title: Primary malignant melanoma of the urethra.
abstract: Primary malignant melanoma of the urethra is an aggressive neoplasm associated with a poor prognosis. The outcome is dependent on early diagnosis and surgical intervention. However, the diagnosis is often delayed as a result of difficulties related to differentiating this lesion from other disorders. Such difficulties result from the variety of clinical and pathologic presentations that are common to melanoma. We report a case of primary malignant melanoma of the urethra with subsequent retrograde seeding of the bladder initially diagnosed and managed as invasive urothelial carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Section of Urology, University of Chicago Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Erin E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: Kimiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzue
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Wille
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Krausz
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Rapp
authors.forename: Mitchell H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Sokoloff
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000175:diagnosis*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015653:Cystectomy; D003951:Diagnostic Errors; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009366:Neoplasm Seeding; D010413:Penis / Q000601:surgery; D011468:Prostatectomy; D014523:Urethral Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000556:secondary; D014547:Urinary Diversion; D014747:Vinblastine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D014747:Vinblastine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D002945:Cisplatin; D008727:Methotrexate