Predicting protein subcellular location using digital signal processing.
The biological functions of a protein are closely related to its attributes in a cell. With the rapid accumulation of newly found protein sequence data in databanks, it is highly desirable to develop an automated method for predicting the subcellular location of proteins. The establishment of such a predictor will expedite the functional determination of newly found proteins and the process of prioritizing genes and proteins identified by genomic efforts as potential molecular targets for drug design. The traditional algorithms for predicting these attributes were based solely on amino acid composition in which no sequence order effect was taken into account. To improve the prediction quality, it is necessary to incorporate such an effect. However, the number of possible patterns in protein sequences is extremely large, posing a formidable difficulty for realizing this goal. To deal with such difficulty, a well-developed tool in digital signal processing named digital Fourier transform (DFT) [1] was introduced. After being translated to a digital signal according to the hydrophobicity of each amino acid, a protein was analyzed by DFT within the frequency domain. A set of frequency spectrum parameters, thus obtained, were regarded as the factors to represent the sequence order effect. A significant improvement in prediction quality was observed by incorporating the frequency spectrum parameters with the conventional amino acid composition. One of the crucial merits of this approach is that many existing tools in mathematics and engineering can be easily applied in the predicting process. It is anticipated that digital signal processing may serve as a useful vehicle for many other protein science areas.
Pan
Yu-Xi
YX
Bio-X Life Science Research Center, Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200030, China.
Li
Da-Wei
DW
Duan
Yun
Y
Zhang
Zhi-Zhou
ZZ
Xu
Ming-Qing
MQ
Feng
Guo-Yin
GY
He
Lin
L
D000465:Algorithms; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019295:Computational Biology; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D021381:Protein Transport; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000379:methods*; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
D011506:Proteins