title: Long-term evaluation of motor function following intraneural injection of ropivacaine using walking track analysis in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is a paucity of data regarding neurologic function following nerve injury. Our objective was the long-term evaluation of motor function following intraneural injection of ropivacaine in rats using the sciatic function index (SFI), derived from walking track analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were randomly assigned to one of four groups of 13 animals each. A needle was inserted under magnification into the left sciatic nerve and 0.2 ml of normal saline, formalin 15%, ropivacaine 0.2 or 0.75% were injected intraneurally. The right side was sham operated. Walking track analysis was performed the day before and on days 1, 4, 7, 11, 15, 18, 21, and 67 following intraneural injection. At the end of the experiment (day 67) a semi-quantitative evaluation of neuropathologic changes was performed by three independent observers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Animals treated with saline and ropivacaine (0.2 and 0.75%) had no detectable impairment of motor function at any time point. In contrast, rats treated with formalin had a complete loss of motor function immediately after the intraneural injection, which persisted until day 21 and returned to normal by day 67. Important histopathologic changes (score=2) with excellent inter-observer agreement were seen only in the group treated with formalin. This applied to both axonal degeneration and Schwann cell density evaluations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that intraneural injections of ropivacaine at concentrations routinely used in clinical practice appear to have no deleterious effect on sciatic nerve motor function in this experimental rat model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care, Hôpital Central, 54035 Nancy cedex, France.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Iohom
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Diarra
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Grignon
authors.forename: B P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Kinirons
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Girard
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Merle
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Granier
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Cahn
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bouaziz
mesh_terms: D000577:Amides / Q000633:toxicity*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001369:Axons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D005355:Fibrosis; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000633:toxicity; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D012583:Schwann Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000293:injuries / Q000502:physiology; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D005557:Formaldehyde; D000077212:Ropivacaine