title: Expression of erythropoietin and erythropoietin receptor in non-small cell lung carcinomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Expression of erythropoietin (Epo) and its receptor (Epo-R) has been shown in various normal and neoplastic nonhematopoietic tissues. This study, in non-small cell lung carcinoma, was designed to investigate the previously unreported expression of Epo and Epo-R as well as hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha), which is known to control Epo expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples from lung squamous cell carcinomas (n = 17) and adenocarcinomas (n = 12) were obtained from patients undergoing curative surgery. mRNA transcripts of Epo, Epo-R, soluble Epo-R (sEpo-R), HIF-1alpha, and factor inhibiting HIF-1 (FIH-1) were evaluated by reverse transcription-PCR, whereas localization of Epo, Epo-R, and HIF-1alpha was assessed by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Epo, Epo-R, sEpo-R, HIF-1alpha, and FIH-1 transcripts were detected by reverse transcription-PCR in all samples tested, but with heterogeneous levels of expression for Epo, Epo-R, and sEpo-R. Coordinated levels of mRNA were observed for HIF-1alpha and FIH-1.Epo was detected in carcinomatous cells by immunohistochemistry in 50% of samples and Epo-R was detected in 96% of samples. Co-expression of Epo and Epo-R was observed on contiguous sections from 50% of tumors. HIF-1alpha was immunolocalized in 80% of non-small cell lung carcinomas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Epo-R was expressed in almost all samples and Epo was expressed in one half of samples on immunohistochemistry and in 100% of samples by mRNA detection, suggesting a potential paracrine and/or autocrine role of endogenous Epo in non-small cell lung carcinoma. The detection of stabilized HIF-1alpha suggests a possible role in Epo expression. Moreover, in the light of these results, the potential interactions between therapeutic recombinant Epo and the putative neoplastic Epo/Epo-R signaling pathways must be considered.
authors.affiliation: Service d'Histologie-Biologie Tumorale and Service d'Anatomie Pathologique, Unité Propre de Recherche de l'Enseignement Supérieur EA 3499, Université Paris 6, Hôpital Tenon, 4 rue de la Chine, 75950 Paris cedex 20, France.
authors.forename: Koami
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dagnon
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pacary
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Commo
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Antoine
authors.forename: Myriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bernaudin
authors.forename: Jean-Francois
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Bernaudin
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Callard
mesh_terms: D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017467:Receptors, Erythropoietin / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C497442:HIF1A protein, human; D051795:Hypoxia-Inducible Factor 1, alpha Subunit; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017467:Receptors, Erythropoietin; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D004921:Erythropoietin; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; C439790:HIF1AN protein, human