title: Daxx overexpression in T-lymphoblastic Jurkat cells enhances caspase-dependent death receptor- and drug-induced apoptosis in distinct ways.
abstract: The role of Daxx, in particular, its ability to promote or hinder apoptosis, still remains controversial. In order to elucidate the functional relevance of Daxx in apoptosis signaling of malignant lymphocytes, Jurkat T-cells were stably transfected with a Daxx-expressing vector or with the respective Daxx-negative control vector. We thus demonstrate that ectopic expression of Daxx substantially increases the rate of apoptosis upon incubation with death receptor agonists such as Fas and TRAIL as well as upon incubation with the cytotoxic drug doxorubicin (DOX). Analysis of the molecular changes induced in the extrinsic and intrinsic apoptosis pathways reveals that augmentation of apoptosis by Daxx overexpression is conveyed by distinctly different mechanisms. Although enforced apoptosis caused by ectopic Daxx expression is caspase-dependent in both cases, major differences between Fas/TRAIL-induced apoptosis and doxorubicin-induced apoptosis are observed in expression patterns of X-linked inhibitor of apoptosis (XIAP), p53, Bid, ZIP kinase, and prostate apoptosis response gene 4 (Par-4). Moreover, we could show that addition of a CD95 blocking antibody to the clones treated with doxorubicin was able to increase apoptosis as compared to doxorubicin treatment alone and was accompanied by an enhancement of the mitochondrial branch of apoptosis. In conclusion, we here outline the major molecular mechanisms underlying the apoptosis-promoting effect of Daxx in neoplastic lymphocytes and demonstrate fundamental molecular differences elicited by the overexpression of Daxx in the extrinsic and intrinsic signaling pathways.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital, Department of Internal Medicine III, Hematology and Oncology, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boehrer
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nowak
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hochmuth
authors.forename: Soo-Zin
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Bettina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Trepohl
authors.forename: Amina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Afkir
authors.forename: Dieter
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hoelzer
authors.forename: Paris S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Mitrou
authors.forename: Eckhart
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Weidmann
authors.forename: Kai Uwe
authors.initials: KU
authors.lastname: Chow
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D016399:Lymphoma, T-Cell / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D014162:Transfection; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011506:Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019014:fas Receptor; D004317:Doxorubicin; D020169:Caspases