title: N-Acetyltransferase-2, glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 genetic polymorphisms, cigarette smoking and hepatocellular carcinoma: a case-control study.
abstract: Our aim was to evaluate the role of N-acetyltransferase (NAT2) and glutathione S-transferase M1 and T1 (GSTM1 and GSTT1) polymorphisms in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) according to cigarette smoking, taking into account hepatitis B (HBV) and C (HCV) viral infection as well as alcohol consumption. A hospital-based case-control study was conducted in 2 areas of north Italy. Cases (n = 200) were patients hospitalized for HCC, and controls (n = 400) were patients admitted for reasons other than liver disease, neoplasms and tobacco- and alcohol-related diseases. Genotypes were determined using PCR and the PCR/restriction fragment length polymorphism-based method. The putative risk genotypes NAT2 slow acetylator, GSTM1 null and GSTT1 null were not associated with HCC (OR = 1.3, 95% CI 0.8-2.0; OR = 1.0, 95% CI 0.6-1.5; OR = 0.8, 95% CI 0.4-1.4, respectively). Although not statistically significant, an increase in HCC risk was observed among light smokers (1-20 pack-years) carrying GSTT1 null (OR = 1.7, 95% CI 0.6-4.7) and NAT2 slow acetylator (OR = 1.3, 95% CI 0.6-3.0) genotypes. In conclusion, there was no evidence for a gene-environment interaction in HCC risk for GSTM1, GSTT1 and NAT2 genotypes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hygiene, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy. gelatti@med.unibs.it
authors.forename: Umberto
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Gelatti
authors.forename: Loredana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Covolo
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Talamini
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tagger
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barbone
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martelli
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cremaschini
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Franceschi
authors.forename: Maria Lisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Ribero
authors.forename: Seymour
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Garte
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nardi
authors.forename: Valter
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Donadon
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Donato
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D001191:Arylamine N-Acetyltransferase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C478900:NAT2 protein, human; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1