title: Influence of standard haemodialysis treatment on transcription of human serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase SGK1 and taurine transporter TAUT in blood leukocytes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Standard haemodialysis (HD) rapidly alters osmolality and composition of extracellular fluid and, thus, challenges cell volume constancy. Cell volume-sensitive genes upregulated by osmotic cell shrinkage include those encoding for taurine transporter TAUT as well as for serum- and glucocorticoid-inducible kinase SGK1.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six HD patients were haemodialysed for 4 h with high-flux dialysers. Blood was drawn from the arterial section of the fistula immediately prior to start of HD and subsequently after 60, 120 and 240 min of HD treatment and, in addition, 120 min after HD treatment. Taurine plasma concentrations ([taurine]p) and erythrocytic taurine content ([taurine]e) were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography. SGK1 and TAUT transcript levels in leukocytes were quantified by real-time polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The [taurine]p was significantly higher in HD patients before HD treatment when compared with healthy controls and it decreased significantly during 4 h of HD. The ratio of SGK1/GAPDH and of TAUT/GAPDH transcript levels increased significantly by 50% or 27%, respectively, during HD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Standard HD treatment decreases plasma taurine concentration and upregulates leukocyte SGK1 and TAUT transcription. As SGK1 is a potent regulator of ion channels and transporters in nervous system, heart muscle and epithelial cells, the deranged regulation of SGK1 may contribute to acute side effects of HD treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Friedrich
authors.forename: Dorothea
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: Wilhelm Karl
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Aicher
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Duszenko
authors.forename: Thomas Patrick
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Schaub
authors.forename: Jutta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Passlick-Deetjen
authors.forename: Siegfried
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Waldegger
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Teut
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Risler
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lang
mesh_terms: D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000097:blood; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D000099247:Taurine Transporters; D000099184:Serum-Glucocorticoid Regulated Kinases
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000099247:Taurine Transporters; D000099184:Serum-Glucocorticoid Regulated Kinases