title: Differential expression and regulation of the high-affinity choline transporter CHT1 and choline acetyltransferase in neurons of superior cervical ganglia.
abstract: Previous studies revealed that leukemia inhibitory factor (LIF) and retinoic acid (RA) induce a noradrenergic to cholinergic switch in cultured sympathetic neurons of superior cervical ganglia (SCG) by up-regulating the coordinate expression of choline acetyltransferase (ChAT) and the vesicular acetylcholine transporter. Here, we examined the effect of both factors on high-affinity choline uptake (HACU) and on expression of the high-affinity choline transporter CHT1. We found that HACU and CHT1-mRNA levels are up-regulated by LIF and down-regulated by RA in these neurons. Thus, in contrast to LIF, RA differentially regulates the expression of the presynaptic cholinergic proteins. Moreover, we showed that untreated SCG neurons express HACU and CHT1-mRNAs at much higher levels than ChAT activity and transcripts. In intact SCG, CHT1-mRNAs are abundant and synthesized by the noradrenergic neurons themselves. This study provides the first example of CHT1 expression in neurons which do not use acetylcholine as neurotransmitter.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de la Neurotransmission et des Processus Neurodégénératifs, CNRS, UMR 7091, Bâtiment CERVI, Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 83 boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Marie-José
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lecomte
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Gois
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guerci
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ravassard
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Faucon Biguet
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mallet
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Berrard
mesh_terms: D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002794:Choline / Q000378:metabolism; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D010641:Phenotype; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017783:Superior Cervical Ganglion / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C501512:CHT1 protein, rat; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D015850:Interleukin-6; D053605:Leukemia Inhibitory Factor; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014212:Tretinoin; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase; D002794:Choline; D000109:Acetylcholine; D009638:Norepinephrine