title: Structural findings at hysterosalpingography in patients with infertility at two private clinics in Kampala, Uganda.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hysterosalpingography (HSG) is still a commonly used investigation in the evaluation of the female genital tract and the main indication for HSG is infertility.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to find the pathology detected at HSG in patients with infertility in our setting.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of 289 consecutive patients who underwent hysterosalpingography using ionic water-soluble contrast media was done at 2 private x-ray units in Kampala. Clinical notes and radiological findings were analysed for demographic data, uterine status, tubal and pelvic pathology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The commonest age group seen was 26-30 yrs. Most were of low parity. Secondary infertility was commoner than primary infertility. Abnormal findings at hysterosalpingography were found in 83.4%. The commonest finding was tubal blockage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The commonest pathology found on HSG in women presenting with infertility in Kampala is tubal blockage possibly secondary to chronic pelvic inflammation. The fact that secondary infertility is common points to pelvic infection complicating mismanaged pregnancies, septic abortions or sexually transmitted infections. A study to establish associated factors is recommended.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Mulago Hospital and Makerere University Medical School, Kampala, Uganda. malwadde@softhome.net
authors.forename: Elsie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kiguli-Malwadde
authors.forename: Rosemary K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Byanyima
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000554:Ambulatory Care Facilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007047:Hysterosalpingography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015994:Incidence; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology; D014599:Uterus / Q000002:abnormalities