title: Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors in pregnant women and neonatal withdrawal syndrome: a database analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors (SSRIs) have been associated with withdrawal symptoms. We investigated whether use of these drugs in pregnant women might cause neonatal withdrawal syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  An association between paroxetine and neonatal convulsions was identified in December, 2001, by the data mining method routinely used to screen the WHO database of adverse drug reactions. An information component (IC) measure was used to screen for unexpected adverse reactions relative to the information in the database. We then assessed cases of neonatal convulsions and neonatal withdrawal syndrome associated with drugs included in the anatomical therapeutic chemical groups N06AB and N06AX.
  
  
  RESULTS
  By November, 2003, a total of 93 suspected cases of SSRI-induced neonatal withdrawal syndrome had been reported, and were regarded as enough information to confirm a possible causal relation. 64 of the cases were associated with paroxetine, 14 with fluoxetine, nine with sertraline, and seven with citalopram. The IC-2 SD for the group became greater than 0 in the first quarter of 1991, and the IC increased to 2.68 (IC-2 SD 0.32) by the second quarter of 2003. For each individual compound, the IC-2 SD was greater than 0.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SSRIs, especially paroxetine, should be cautiously managed in the treatment of pregnant women with a psychiatric disorder.
authors.affiliation: School of Medicine, University of La Laguna, 38071 La Laguna, Tenerife, Spain. esanz@ull.es
authors.forename: Emilio J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Sanz
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: De-las-Cuevas
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kiuru
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bate
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Edwards
mesh_terms: D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy; D020936:Epilepsy, Benign Neonatal / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009357:Neonatal Abstinence Syndrome / Q000209:etiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors