Prevalence of Type 2 diabetes and central adiposity in La Reunion Island, the REDIA Study.
La Reunion Island, a French overseas department in the Indian Ocean provides an example of rapid urbanisation and drastic changes in the way of life--from traditional to "westernized" lifestyle--over a few decades. To study the impact of this epidemiologic transition, a diabetes prevalence study was performed in 1999-2001. Fasting capillary blood glucose (cBG) and glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c) were systematically measured in a random sample of 3600 subjects aged 30-69 years. Weight, height, waist and hip circumferences were also measured to assess body mass index and waist-hip ratio. Diagnosis was assessed using an oral glucose tolerance test according to the World Health Organization recommendations in 363 subjects who had a cBG value > or =6.1 mmol/l, and/or a HbA1c value > or =6%. The overall diabetes prevalence rate was 17.7% for men and 17.3% for women, and the standardized diabetes prevalence rate was 20.1% (95% confidence interval: 18.7-21.4%). The most important morphological factor linked to Type 2 diabetes mellitus was waist-hip ratio, a marker of central adiposity, especially in women. This study confirms that Type 2 diabetes is increasing dramatically in societies in epidemiologic transition and is strongly linked to nutritional status.
Favier
François
F
INSERM U500, 39, Av. Charles Flahault, 34093 Montpellier Cedex 5, France. f.favier@ch-sudreunion.fr
Jaussent
Isabelle
I
Moullec
Nathalie Le
NL
Debussche
Xavier
X
Boyer
Marie-Claude
MC
Schwager
Jean-Claude
JC
Papoz
Laure
L
D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007195:Indian Ocean Islands / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012727:Sex Characteristics