title: Frequent cellular senescence in small bile ducts in primary biliary cirrhosis: a possible role in bile duct loss.
abstract: The pathogenesis of progressive bile duct loss in primary biliary cirrhosis remains unclear. In this study, the involvement of cellular senescence of biliary epithelial cells was examined in liver tissue samples from patients with primary biliary cirrhosis (n = 33), and compared with control diseased and normal livers (n = 83). In addition, cellular senescence was induced by oxidative stress in cultured mouse biliary epithelial cells. Biliary epithelial cells in small bile ducts in primary biliary cirrhosis, especially those in patients presenting with chronic non-suppurative cholangitis, frequently expressed senescence-associated beta-galactosidase, and senescence-associated p16(INK4) and p21(WAF1/CIP). In contrast, senescence-associated markers were rarely expressed in small bile ducts in control livers. The infiltration of myeloperoxidase-positive inflammatory cells into biliary epithelial cell layers was closely associated with the cellular senescence of biliary epithelial cells in early-stage PBC. Cellular senescence of cultured mouse biliary epithelial cells was induced by treatment with H2O2 via the p38MAPK-dependent pathway and nitric oxide-augmented H2O2-induced cellular senescence. Oxidative stress- and nitric oxide-mediated cellular senescence may be involved in bile duct lesions, which are followed by progressive bile duct loss in primary biliary cirrhosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Pathology, Kanazawa University Graduate School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Motoko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Haga
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Manabe
authors.forename: Yasuni
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakanuma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000032:analysis; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000032:analysis; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D008105:Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; C493957:Cdkn1a protein, mouse; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D009195:Peroxidase; D001616:beta-Galactosidase