title: The nuclear receptor corepressors NCoR and SMRT decrease peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma transcriptional activity and repress 3T3-L1 adipogenesis.
abstract: The peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) is a central regulator of adipogenesis and recruits coactivator proteins in response to ligand. However, the role of another class of nuclear cofactors, the nuclear receptor corepressors, in modulating PPARgamma transcriptional activity is less clear. Such corepressors include the nuclear receptor corepressor (NCoR) and the silencing mediator of retinoid and thyroid hormone receptors (SMRT). Our data suggest that PPARgamma recruits SMRT and NCoR in the absence of ligand and that these corepressors are capable of down-regulating PPARgamma-mediated transcriptional activity. The addition of the PPARgamma ligand pioglitazone results in dissociation of the PPARgamma-corepressor complex. To define the role of SMRT and NCoR in PPARgamma action, 3T3-L1 cells deficient in SMRT or NCoR were generated by RNA interference. When these cells are exposed to differentiation media, they exhibit increased expression of adipocyte-specific genes and increased production of lipid droplets, as compared with control cells. These data suggest that the nuclear receptor corepressors decrease PPARgamma transcriptional activity and repress the adipogenic program in 3T3-L1 cells.
authors.affiliation: Section of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Markan
authors.forename: Karla A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Temple
authors.forename: Dianne
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Deplewski
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Brady
authors.forename: Ronald N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D008024:Ligands; D051379:Mice; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D056971:Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1; D056985:Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 2; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077205:Pioglitazone; D034622:RNA Interference; D011988:Receptors, Thyroid Hormone / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D008024:Ligands; C539128:Ncor1 protein, mouse; C539131:Ncor2 protein, mouse; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D056971:Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 1; D056985:Nuclear Receptor Co-Repressor 2; D047495:PPAR gamma; D011988:Receptors, Thyroid Hormone; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D000077205:Pioglitazone