title: The humanID gait challenge problem: data sets, performance, and analysis.
abstract: Identification of people by analysis of gait patterns extracted from video has recently become a popular research problem. However, the conditions under which the problem is "solvable" are not understood or characterized. To provide a means for measuring progress and characterizing the properties of gait recognition, we introduce the HumanID Gait Challenge Problem. The challenge problem consists of a baseline algorithm, a set of 12 experiments, and a large data set. The baseline algorithm estimates silhouettes by background subtraction and performs recognition by temporal correlation of silhouettes. The 12 experiments are of increasing difficulty, as measured by the baseline algorithm, and examine the effects of five covariates on performance. The covariates are: change in viewing angle, change in shoe type, change in walking surface, carrying or not carrying a briefcase, and elapsed time between sequences being compared. Identification rates for the 12 experiments range from 78 percent on the easiest experiment to 3 percent on the hardest. All five covariates had statistically significant effects on performance, with walking surface and time difference having the greatest impact. The data set consists of 1,870 sequences from 122 subjects spanning five covariates (1.2 Gigabytes of data). The gait data, the source code of the baseline algorithm, and scripts to run, score, and analyze the challenge experiments are available at http://www.GaitChallenge.org. This infrastructure supports further development of gait recognition algorithms and additional experiments to understand the strengths and weaknesses of new algorithms. The more detailed the experimental results presented, the more detailed is the possible meta-analysis and greater is the understanding. It is this potential from the adoption of this challenge problem that represents a radical departure from traditional computer vision research methodology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, FL 33620, USA. sarkar@csee.usf.edu
authors.forename: Sudeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sarkar
authors.forename: P Jonathon
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Zongyi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Isidro Robledo
authors.initials: IR
authors.lastname: Vega
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grother
authors.forename: Kevin W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Bowyer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000465:Algorithms; D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D001699:Biometry / Q000379:methods; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D016247:Information Storage and Retrieval / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods*; D010781:Photography / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014741:Video Recording / Q000379:methods*