title: Delayed recurrence of nasal aspergillosis in a dog.
abstract: A two-year-old, female spayed Australian cattle dog was diagnosed with nasal aspergillosis. The dog was treated topically with clotrimazole. Clinical signs recurred two months later and the clotrimazole treatment was repeated and 5 mg/kg itraconazole twice daily was added to it. The recommended dose of itraconazole for nasal aspergillosis is 5 mg/kg twice daily administered orally. The dog's symptoms completely resolved, but it developed an adverse febrile reaction to the Itraconazole. The Itraconazole was discontinued and the dog remained asymptomatic for four years. The dog then developed mucopurulent discharge from the right nostril and was diagnosed as having recurrent nasal aspergillosis. Itraconazole at 5 mg/kg twice daily was prescribed, which again induced a fever. When the itraconazole was decreased to 5 mg/kg once daily there were no fever episodes, but the nasal discharge was not completely resolved. The dog was then treated with topical clotrimazole Infusion, and maintained on 5 mg/kg itraconazole daily. To the authors' knowledge, this case is unique because of the delayed recurrence of nasal aspergillosis. Additionally, the idiosyncratic febrile reaction to the itraconazole has not previously been reported in the veterinary literature, but is similar to reports of drug-induced fever in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Schochet
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Lappin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D003022:Clotrimazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology*; D004285:Dogs; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010254:Paranasal Sinus Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D012008:Recurrence; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D017964:Itraconazole; D003022:Clotrimazole