title: The impact of donor gender on outcome of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma: reduced relapse risk in female to male transplants.
abstract: The impact of the donor gender on outcome in HLA-identical sibling donor hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma was studied in a retrospective registry study of 1312 patients (476 male to male (M --> M); 334 female to male (F --> M); 258 male to female (M --> F); 244 female to female (F --> F) reported to the European Group for Blood and Marrow Transplantation (EBMT). The best overall survival (OS) from the time of transplantation was found in F --> F (median 41 months) with no significant difference between other groups (median 25 months in M --> M, 18 months in F --> M, 19 months in M --> F) despite a significantly higher nonrelapse mortality in F --> M. This was due to a significantly lower relapse rate (REL) in F --> M compared to all other groups. Before 1994, OS was poorer in F --> M than in M --> M, which improved to similarity from 1994 onwards (median 29 months in M --> M and 25 months in F --> M). The reduced REL contributed to this improvement in F --> M indicting a gender-specific graft vs myeloma effect. Therefore, a female donor is as good as a male one for male patients, while for female patients gender disparity is a negative factor for outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Karolinska Institute and Karolinska University Hospital, Huddinge, Stockholm, Sweden. gosta.gahrton@medhs.ki.se
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gahrton
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iacobelli
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Apperley
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bandini
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Björkstrand
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bladé
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Boiron
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cavo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cornelissen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Corradini
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kröger
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ljungman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Michallet
authors.forename: N H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Samson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schattenberg
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sirohi
authors.forename: L F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Verdonck
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Volin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zander
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Niederwieser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D020350:Graft vs Tumor Effect; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy*; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012306:Risk; D012737:Sex Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014019:Tissue Donors; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome