New chemokine targets for asthma therapy.
Chemokines and chemokine receptors are part of a complex network of molecules that play a key role in leukocyte migration and activation. The chemokine family role is crucial in the immune system, orchestrating innate and acquired immune responses, but also in allergic inflammation. A subset of chemokines, including CCL11, CCL24, CCL26, CCL7, CCL13, CCL17, and CCL22 is highly expressed by the three main cell types involved in allergic inflammation: eosinophils, basophils, and Th2 lymphocytes. In vitro and in vivo experimental studies in murine models of asthma as well as evidence from patients with asthma confirm the role of these chemokines and their receptors, including CCR3, CCR4, and CCR8, establishing a subset of chemokine/chemokine receptor that is potentially important in allergic inflammation. Recent data support the concept that interfering with chemokines or chemokine receptors represents a new approach in allergy therapy. However, even if some of them have been shown to be effective in animal models, none is as yet used in human patients.
Garcia
Gilles
G
Service de Pneumologie et Réanimation respiratoire, Hôpital Antoine Béclère, 157 rue de la Porte de Trivaux, 92140 Clamart, France.
Godot
Véronique
V
Humbert
Marc
M
D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D001491:Basophils / Q000502:physiology; D054413:Chemokine CCL11; D018925:Chemokines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000502:physiology; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D054398:Receptors, CCR4; D054401:Receptors, CCR8; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
C515456:CCL11 protein, human; C515354:CCR4 protein, human; C103330:CCR8 protein, human; D054413:Chemokine CCL11; D018925:Chemokines; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D054398:Receptors, CCR4; D054401:Receptors, CCR8; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine