title: [Is obesity associated with a polymorphism Pro12Ala and Pro115Gln in the PPARgamma gene?].
abstract: PPARgamma is one of the pivotal factors that influence adipocyte differentiation. It is transcriptional factor that plays a crucial role in the regulation of genes involved in lipid utilisation and storage as well as insulin action. The objective of this study was to evaluate whether PPARgamma Pro12Ala and Pro115Gln polymorphisms are connected with obesity and its anthropological parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated 93 subjects: 72 women (37 non-obese and 35 obese) and 21 men (8 non-obese and 13 obese). We performed anthropological examination: body mass index (BMI), waist to hip ratio (WHR) and total-body densitometry in the whole group. PPARgamma polymorphism was studied using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pro12Pro ("wild" type) variant was present in 57 subjects (32 obese and 25 non-obese): 45 women (26 obese and 19 non-obese) and 12 men (6 obese and 6 non-obese). Heterozygosity Pro12Ala was observed in 20 subjects (8 obese and 12 controls): 15 women (4 obese and 11 lean) and 5 men (4 obese). Homozygosity Ala12Ala was discovered in 16 subjects (8 obese and 8 controls): 12 women (5 obese and 7 non-obese) and 4 men (3 obese). Pro115Gln variant was not found in any of the studied subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The frequency Ala allele (pro12Ala and Ala12Ala variant) was 28% in the whole group and 25% in the obese subjects. However the Pro12Ala polymorphism is quite common, it does not seem to be directly connected with onset of obesity. But it is interesting that the Ala allele is more frequent in non-obese women comparing to obese women (33 vs 20%). Reverse tendency was seen in men. Pro12Ala and/or Ala12Ala polymorphism is twice more frequent in obese subjects comparing to non-obese ones (38 vs 19%).
authors.affiliation: Klinika Endokrynologii i Diabetologii.
authors.forename: Bozena
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bidzińska
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Demissie
authors.forename: Urszula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Tworowska
authors.forename: Ryszard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Slezak
authors.forename: Tadeusz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Dobosz
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Milewicz
mesh_terms: D000409:Alanine; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005998:Glycine; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics*; D011044:Poland; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011392:Proline
chemical_list: D047495:PPAR gamma; D011392:Proline; D000409:Alanine; D005998:Glycine