title: Evaluation of cold chain system in Chandigarh during PPI campaign 2001-2002.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the maintenance of cold chain system (CCS) in intensified pulse polio immunization (IPPI) programme, during December 2001 and January 2002 in Union Territory (UT) Chandigarh.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Cross sectional time bound study was conducted in seven centres, where OPV vials were stored prior to IPPI and 20 IPPI Booths in UT, Chandigarh. Booths were selected by stratified random sampling technique. The status of cold chain equipments was assessed at headquarter of IPPI, 6 regional (distribution) centres, 20 IPPI posts and 5 house to house teams.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cold chain sickness rate was found to be 9.7% in January, 2002. There were reports of breakdown of cold chain maintenance due to defective plugs and sockets, faults in thermostat, leakage of gas. But all vaccine samples picked up randomly were reported potent, as per the test reports provided by Central Research Institute (CRI), Kasauli during the period of study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Temperature charting and cold chain maintenance was found satisfactory, but necessity of improvement, specially regarding the handling of vaccines by the female health worker. Lids of vaccine carriers not closed tightly, frequent opening of lids during immunization, direct exposure of vaccine to atmospheric temperature, keeping the vaccine vial in hand or pocket. More emphasis is to be given on maintenance of cold chain system in orientation training programme of all Health functionaries before the Intensified Pulse Polio Immunization (IPPI) programme.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Community Medicine, Govt. Medical College, Chandigarh.
authors.forename: N K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Goel
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Swami
authors.forename: S P S
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Bhatia
mesh_terms: D015925:Cryopreservation; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs; D007194:India; D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000600:supply & distribution
chemical_list: D011055:Poliovirus Vaccine, Oral