title: Cardiac health: relationships among hostility, spirituality, and health risk.
abstract: This study examined hostility, spirituality, and indices of health risk among 100 young, primarily males of Hispanic background. Over half of the subjects were prehypertensive or hypertensive; one third had at least 2 objective risk factors for cardiac disease; and younger participants had lower spirituality scores and higher cynical distrust scores. Body mass index, spirituality, and glucose accounted for 29% of variance in systolic blood pressure; body mass index and age accounted for 39% of variance in diastolic blood pressure. The tools to assess cardiac risk (blood pressure, history, capillary blood screening, body mass index) are all "low tech" and low cost but used together are powerful in identifying risk populations.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing & Health Professions, University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX 78209, USA. sethness@universe.uiwtx.edu
authors.forename: Renee
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sethness
authors.forename: Maureen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rauschhuber
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Etnyre
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gilliland
authors.forename: Jolynn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lowry
authors.forename: Mary Elaine
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000374:Aggression / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000786:Anger; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology*; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000208:ethnology; D006791:Hostility; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000208:ethnology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012647:Self-Assessment; D015206:Southwestern United States; D029181:Spirituality; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D035502:Trust; D014434:Type A Personality