title: Future directions in pelvic neuromodulation.
abstract: In view of the success of sacral nerve stimulation, new lines of research are enabling us to do more selective stimulation of the innervation of the bladder at more peripheral sites,such as pudendal nerve stimulation, and with the use of less invasive devices, such as Bion and other in situ implantable devices. The aim of this research is to determine ifa less invasive, more selective stimulation or an event-driven (detrusor overactivity ora desire for micturition) stimulus would allow for a more improved and durable response.
authors.affiliation: Center for Female Pelvic Medicine and Reconstructive Surgery, Glickman Urological Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, A100, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. daneshf@ccf.org
authors.forename: Firouz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Daneshgari
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Abrams
mesh_terms: D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A