title: DRhoGEF2 regulates actin organization and contractility in the Drosophila blastoderm embryo.
abstract: Morphogenesis of the Drosophila melanogaster embryo is associated with a dynamic reorganization of the actin cytoskeleton that is mediated by small GTPases of the Rho family. Often, Rho1 controls different aspects of cytoskeletal function in parallel, requiring a complex level of regulation. We show that the guanine triphosphate (GTP) exchange factor DRhoGEF2 is apically localized in epithelial cells throughout embryogenesis. We demonstrate that DRhoGEF2, which has previously been shown to regulate cell shape changes during gastrulation, recruits Rho1 to actin rings and regulates actin distribution and actomyosin contractility during nuclear divisions, pole cell formation, and cellularization of syncytial blastoderm embryos. We propose that DRhoGEF2 activity coordinates contractile actomyosin forces throughout morphogenesis in Drosophila by regulating the association of myosin with actin to form contractile cables. Our results support the hypothesis that specific aspects of Rho1 function are regulated by specific GTP exchange factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Lund Strategic Research Center for Stem Cell Biology and Cell Therapy, Lund University, BMC B13, 22184 Lund, Sweden.
authors.forename: Mojgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Padash Barmchi
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: Udo
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Häcker
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000205:Actomyosin / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001756:Blastoderm / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D016764:Cell Polarity / Q000502:physiology; D048430:Cell Shape / Q000502:physiology; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000502:physiology*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000502:physiology*; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; C083811:bnk protein, Drosophila; C465504:sav protein, Drosophila; D000205:Actomyosin; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins