title: Deficits in testosterone facilitate enhanced fear response.
abstract: Testosterone has been implicated in many behaviors related to sexual and reproductive function, but its role in fear responses is unclear. Studies in both humans and animals have linked altered testosterone concentrations to externalizing behaviors like aggression and violence, but less to more internalizing behaviors like fear. Therefore, the current study was designed to investigate the effects of testosterone on innate fear response in male rats. TMT (2,5-dihydo-2,4,5-trimethylthiazoline), a chemical extracted from fox feces, was used to elicit a fear response in the male rats with normal and diminished levels of testosterone. Behavioral indices such as in freezing response, and fear-induced analgesia were monitored in response to TMT. The results demonstrate that deficits in testosterone resulted in a significant increase in the freezing time and fear-induced analgesia. These studies suggest that testosterone decline may have a significant effect on increasing innate fear response and fear-induced enhancement of analgesia in male rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, MA 01655, USA. Jean.King@umassmed.edu
authors.forename: Jean A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: Washington L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: De Oliveira
authors.forename: Nihal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Patel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005239:Fear / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005589:Foxes; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D009812:Odorants; D009919:Orchiectomy; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017288:Pain Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011930:Reaction Time; D012726:Sexual Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood / Q000172:deficiency*
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone