title: Comparison of heterotrophic and photoautotrophic induction on astaxanthin production by Haematococcus pluvialis.
abstract: During light induction for astaxanthin formation in Haematococcus pluvialis, we substituted photoautotrophic induction for heterotrophic induction using acetate, both to prevent contamination by heterotrophs due to addition of organic carbon and to enhance carbon assimilation in the induced cells. Strong photoautotrophic induction was performed by N-deprivation of photoautotrophically grown Haematococcus cells followed by supplementation with bicarbonate (HCO(3)(-)) or CO(2). Bicarbonate-induced cells contained more astaxanthin than acetate-induced cells, and even further enhancement of astaxanthin accumulation was achieved by continuous CO(2) supply. The maximum astaxanthin content (77.2 mg g(-1) biomass, 3.4-fold higher than with heterotrophic induction) was obtained under conditions of 5% CO(2), yielding astaxanthin concentration and productivity of 175.7 mg l(-1) and 6.25 mg l(-1) day(-1), respectively. The results indicate that photoautotrophic induction is more effective than heterotrophic induction for astaxanthin synthesis in H. pluvialis.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, South Korea.
authors.forename: C D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Sim
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates; D001639:Bicarbonates; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D000460:Chlorophyta / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D003470:Culture Media; D008027:Light; D024341:Xanthophylls; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D001639:Bicarbonates; D003470:Culture Media; D024341:Xanthophylls; D019207:beta Carotene; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; C005948:astaxanthine