Detection of antibody-dependent complement-mediated inactivation of both autologous and heterologous virus in primary human immunodeficiency virus type 1 infection.
Specific CD8 T-cell responses to human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) are induced in primary infection and make an important contribution to the control of early viral replication. The importance of neutralizing antibodies in containing primary viremia is questioned because they usually arise much later. Nevertheless antienvelope antibodies develop simultaneously with, or even before, peak viremia. We determined whether such antibodies might control viremia by complement-mediated inactivation (CMI). In each of seven patients studied, antibodies capable of CMI appeared at or shortly after the peak in viremia, concomitantly with detection of virus-specific T-cell responses. The CMI was effective on both autologous and heterologous HIV-1 isolates. Activation of the classical pathway and direct viral lysis were at least partly responsible. Since immunoglobulin G (IgG)-antibodies triggered the CMI, specific memory B cells could also be induced by vaccination. Thus, consideration should be given to vaccination strategies that induce IgG antibodies capable of CMI.
Aasa-Chapman
Marlén M I
MM
Windeyer Institute of Medical Sciences, Wohl Virion Centre, 46 Cleveland St., London W1T 4JF, United Kingdom.
Holuigue
Sophie
S
Aubin
Keith
K
Wong
Mailee
M
Jones
Nicola A
NA
Cornforth
David
D
Pellegrino
Pierre
P
Newton
Philippa
P
Williams
Ian
I
Borrow
Persephone
P
McKnight
Aine
A
D000328:Adult; D000920:Antibody-Dependent Cell Cytotoxicity; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015686:Gene Products, env / Q000276:immunology; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors; D014766:Viremia / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology
D015686:Gene Products, env; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D003165:Complement System Proteins