title: Central nervous system activity of the hydroalcoholic extract of Casimiroa edulis in rats and mice.
abstract: In order to evaluate the effects produced by the hydroalcoholic extract of leaves from Casimiroa edulis on the central nervous system, different behavioral tests and animal models of depression and anxiety were performed. The extract was administered intraperitoneally in male and female rats and tested on spontaneous motor activity, locomotor activity, exploration of an elevated plus-maze (EPM) and in the forced swimming test (FST). In addition, the extract was administered orally in male and female mice and evaluated in the following tests: general observation, pentobarbital-induced hypnosis, EPM, rota-rod, hole-board, and marble-burying. The results revealed that, in rats, the extract caused considerable reduction of locomotor and exploratory activities and increased the exploration of the EPM open arms in a similar way that diazepam. In the FST, the extract was as effective as fluoxetine in inducing shortening of immobility, along with a significant increase on climbing duration. On the other hand, in mice, the extract prolonged pentobarbital-induced hypnosis, increased exploration of the EPM open arms and partially protected from the pentylenetetrazol-induced convulsions. No significant effect was evident on motor coordination, hole-board and marble-burying tests. These results suggest that the hydroalcoholic extract of Casimiroa edulis may contain sedative principles with potential anxiolytic and antidepressant properties, which need further investigation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Farmacología del Comportamiento, Programa de Farmacología Molecular y Clínica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, P.O. Box 16038, Santiago, Chile. smora@machi.med.uchile.cl
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mora
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Diaz-Veliz
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lungenstrass
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García-González
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Coto-Morales
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Poletti
authors.forename: T C M
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: De Lima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Herrera-Ruiz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tortoriello
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D032081:Casimiroa; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects*; D020834:Ethnopharmacology; D005260:Female; D008124:Locomotion / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013550:Swimming
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts