title: Exacerbation of chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy during interferonbeta-1b therapy in a patient with childhood-onset multiple sclerosis.
abstract: Interferonbeta-1b (IFNbeta-1b) is commonly used for relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS). We report a 23-year-old woman with childhood onset relapsing-remitting MS treated with IFNbeta-1b who developed overt chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) immediately after therapy. A baseline conduction study before IFNbeta-1b therapy revealed decreased motor conduction velocities and prolonged F wave latencies in several nerves, but there was no neurological sign indicating neuropathy. The existence of subclinical demyelinating neuropathy before IFNbeta-1b treatment was suggested, although the clinical criteria for CIDP were unfulfilled. Following two months of IFNbeta-1b therapy, numbness of her right upper and lower limbs progressively worsened and all tendon reflexes were depressed. Electrophysiologically, F waves were not evoked in any limbs except for the left ulnar and tibial nerves, which showed marked prolongation of F wave latencies. Moreover, subclinical hyperthyroidism developed in association with high titers of anti-thyroglobulin and antithyroid peroxydase antibodies, which were negative before IFNbeta-1b therapy. These findings indicated that peripheral demyelination worsened at the nerve roots after IFNbeta-1b therapy. In addition to the development of autoimmune thyroid disease, the patient now fulfilled the criteria for probable CIDP. Along with the results of a previous report demonstrating IFNbeta-induced CIDP development in patients with childhood MS, this case underscores IFNbeta as a potential risk factor for CIDP in patients with childhood onset MS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka.
authors.forename: Dai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Matsuse
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ochi
authors.forename: Kenshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tashiro
authors.forename: Takuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Murai
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taniwaki
authors.forename: Jun-ichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000068576:Interferon beta-1b; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000196:embryology; D009431:Neural Conduction; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000503:physiopathology; D020277:Polyradiculoneuropathy, Chronic Inflammatory Demyelinating / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D000068576:Interferon beta-1b; D016899:Interferon-beta