title: An interleukin-10 promoter polymorphism may influence tumor development in renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Polymorphisms in the promoter of the interleukin-10 (IL-10) gene may influence tumor development by altering the levels of IL-10 present in the serum or tumor microenvironment. In this study we looked for evidence of specific polymorphisms of the IL-10 promoter and whether lymphocyte expression of IL-10 correlates with specific genotypes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Archival, paraffin embedded renal cell carcinoma tissue from 166 patients and 161 controls were genotyped for the IL-10-1082 single nucleotide polymorphism using real-time polymerase chain reaction. IL-10 protein expression in peripheral blood lymphocytes was assessed by standard enzyme-linked immunoassay in 32 patients with renal cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patient-to-control comparisons identified the AA genotype to be significantly greater in patients with renal cell carcinoma (44% vs 30%, p <0.05). However, study of IL-10 protein expression in peripheral blood lymphocytes from patients with renal cancer showed no statistical difference in IL-10 expression among the GG, AA or AG genotypes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found that there was a significantly larger proportion of patients with renal cell carcinoma with the AA homozygous genotype than in a normal population cohort. This result is in accordance with those in previous studies of prostate cancer and cutaneous malignant melanoma. In contrast to previous studies of other tumor types, no correlation could be established between IL-10-1082 polymorphism and serum IL-10.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, St.George's Hospital Medical School, London, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Havranek
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Howell
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Fussell
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Whelan
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Whelan
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Pandha
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic
chemical_list: D016753:Interleukin-10