title: The role of positron emission tomography/computed tomography in the management of recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to evaluate the role of combined positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) fusion imaging in the detection and management of recurrent papillary thyroid cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of 33 patients with suspected recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma who had undergone PET/CT was performed. PET/CT was compared with standard imaging techniques in each patient to determine whether PET/CT contributed to the therapeutic management plan. Histopathological findings were correlated to PET/CT in patients who underwent surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The senior author reviewed the charts of 33 patients with recurrent papillary thyroid carcinoma to determine the impact PET/CT had on management. PET/CT was compared with conventional imaging results. In surgical patients, PET/CT was compared with histopathological findings to determine its sensitivity, specificity, accuracy, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 67% of the cases (22 of 33), PET/CT supplied additional information that altered or confirmed the management plan. Twenty of 33 patients underwent surgery with 36 sites assessed by histopathological analysis. PET/CT correlated with histopathological findings in 25 of 36 distinct anatomical sites, with an accuracy of 70%. The sensitivity of PET/CT in identifying recurrence was found to be 66%, with a specificity of 100%, a positive predictive value of 100%, and a negative predictive value of 27%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined PET/CT fusion scanning was most useful in the detection and management of recurrent papillary thyroid cancer in patients who had average thyroglobulin levels greater than 10 ng/mL and when the tumor no longer concentrated radioactive iodine. In 100% of the cases in which PET/CT localized a region suspicious for malignancy, histopathological analysis confirmed the results. When PET/CT is positive, it is a powerful tool for predicting exact locations of recurrent papillary thyroid cancer, thus making it a reliable guide for surgical planning. PET/CT is a supplement to conventional imaging and fine-needle aspiration in the workup of recurrent papillary thyroid cancer. A negative finding on PET/CT is not sufficiently reliable to preclude further investigation and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21287-0910, USA.
authors.forename: Zayna
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Nahas
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Goldenberg
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fakhry
authors.forename: Marjorie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ewertz
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zeiger
authors.forename: Paul W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Ladenson
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wahl
authors.forename: Ralph P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Tufano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013954:Thyroglobulin / Q000097:blood; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D013954:Thyroglobulin