title: A serological study of Chikungunya virus transmission in Yogyakarta, Indonesia: evidence for the first outbreak since 1982.
abstract: A study of epidemic transmission of Chikungunya virus (CHIK) was initiated in April 1999 in Yogyakarta, Indonesia. Three hundred seventeen volunteers from three kelurahans (sub-districts) were recruited. Anti-CHIK IgG antibodies were detected in 68% to 74% of cases and 28% to 32% of controls. In the kelurahan with no reported CHIK illness, 29% of cases and 28% of controls had anti-CHIK IgG antibodies. None of these cases demonstrated anti-CHIK IgM antibodies. In the two kelurahans with disease activity, anti-CHIK IgM antibodies were detected in 3% to 36% of cases, with the highest percentage from the kelurahan with recently reported cases. Ten percent of controls from Gowok had anti-CHIK IgM detected in their serum. Twelve acutely ill volunteers were later included from the kelurahan Pilahan for virus identification. Samples from two volunteers were culture- and RT-PCR-positive for CHIK. This is the first documentation of epidemic transmission of CHIK in Indonesia since 1982.
authors.affiliation: Viral Diseases Program, US Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Jakarta, Indonesia. porterk@nmrc.navy.mil
authors.forename: Kevin R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.forename: Ratna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Yunry
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Istary
authors.forename: Wuryadi
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Suharyono
authors.lastname: Sutaryo
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Widjaja
authors.forename: Chairin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ma'Roef
authors.forename: Erlin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Listiyaningsih
authors.forename: Herman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kosasih
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hueston
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McArdle
authors.forename: Mohammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Juffrie
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018354:Alphavirus Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D002646:Chikungunya virus / Q000276:immunology*; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000235:genetics; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000235:genetics; D007214:Indonesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M