[Spider bites: araneidism of medical importance].
LIMITED RISKS: Although most species of spiders are venomous, only ten or so are able to induce human envenomations. From a systematic point of view, it is possible to distinguish the araneomorph spiders - or "true" spiders - from the mygalomorph spiders. Dangerous species for humans can be found in both groups. Regarding "true' spiders, two kinds of envenomation are frequent, ubiquitous and potentially severe: latrodectism (neurotoxic symptomatology) due to the Widow spiders of the Latrodectus species,and loxoscelism (viscero-cutaneous symptomatology). Regarding the mygalomorph spiders, the Australian species responsible for atraxism (neurotoxic symptomatology) are considered as the most dangerous. Most of the other mygalomorph spiders, when they bite, only provoke benign loco regional problems. A supplementary defensive weapon exists in certain South-American species: urticating hairs which may induce severe ocular damage.
Pommier
Philip
P
Centre antipoison, hôpital Salvator, Marseille.
Rollard
Christine
C
De Haro
Luc
L
D000818:Animals; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007299:Insect Bites and Stings / Q000150:complications*; D013020:South America / Q000453:epidemiology; D001098:Spider Bites / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D013111:Spider Venoms / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000145:classification; D013112:Spiders / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000145:classification* / Q000502:physiology
D013111:Spider Venoms