title: Giant cell arteritis and cardiovascular disease in older adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the association between giant cell arteritis (GCA) and subsequent cardiovascular disease in older adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Population based retrospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The entire province of Ontario, Canada.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients aged 66 years and older with newly diagnosed GCA (n = 1141), osteoarthritis (n = 172,953), or neither (n = 200,000). Patients with neither were randomly selected from the general population and formed the control group.
  
  
  METHODS
  The primary composite outcome was based on a subsequent diagnosis or surgical treatment for coronary artery disease, stroke, peripheral arterial disease, or aneurysm or dissection of the aorta.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The composite end point was more common in seniors with GCA (12.1/1000 person-years) than in patients with osteoarthritis (7.3/1000 person-years) or neither condition (5.3/1000 person-years). The adjusted hazard ratio for cardiovascular disease was 1.6 (95% confidence interval (CI) 1.1 to 2.2) in patients with GCA versus patients with osteoarthritis, and 2.1 (95% CI 1.5 to 3.0) in patients with GCA versus unaffected controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Older adults with GCA appear to be at increased risk for developing cardiovascular disease. Whether an aggressive approach to cardiovascular risk factor modification is particularly beneficial in these patients remains to be determined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Inner City Health, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, 30 Bond Street, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5B 1W8. JRay515445@aol.com
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mamdani
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Geerts
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000368:Aged; D001014:Aortic Aneurysm / Q000209:etiology; D001018:Aortic Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D013700:Giant Cell Arteritis / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000150:complications; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones