title: A randomized, placebo-controlled, double-masked clinical trial of etanercept for the treatment of uveitis associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the safety and efficacy of etanercept in the treatment of uveitis associated with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Children who met the American College of Rheumatology diagnostic criteria for JIA with active uveitis, who had anterior chamber cells of >/=1+ or requiring topical corticosteroid >/=3 times daily, and who were on a stable regimen for arthritis treatment were eligible. Study participants received etanercept (0.4 mg/kg) or placebo administered subcutaneously twice weekly for 6 months. All participants received open-label etanercept for an additional 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five patients received placebo and 7 received etanercept. Three of the 7 patients treated with etanercept and 2 of the 5 placebo-treated patients were considered ophthalmic successes (P = 1.0). One patient in each treatment group was considered a treatment failure. Three of the 7 etanercept-treated and 2 of the 5 placebo-treated patients were neither successes nor failures by our definition. There were no serious adverse events for any patient during the entire study period. Reports of minor infections were comparable in each treatment group, 71% for etanercept and 60% for placebo (P = 0.58).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this small pilot study there was no apparent difference in the anterior segment inflammation between patients treated with etanercept and placebo. The stringent criteria used to measure ophthalmic success of treatment and the small patient population limit the implications of our findings.
authors.affiliation: National Eye Institute, NIH, Bethesda, Maryland, USA. smithj@nei.nih.gov
authors.forename: Janine A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Darby J S
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: Scott M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Whitcup
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Suhler
authors.forename: Grace
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Jonghyeon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Karyl S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Barron
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D001171:Arthritis, Juvenile / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D000068800:Etanercept; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects; D010919:Placebos; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D014605:Uveitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D010919:Placebos; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000068800:Etanercept