title: Effects of n-3 fatty acids from fish on premature ventricular complexes and heart rate in humans.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A large body of evidence suggests that n-3 fatty acids from fish prevent fatal heart disease. They may be an effective and safe alternative to drug treatment for reducing the risk of arrhythmia and sudden cardiac death.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the effect of n-3 fatty acids on heart rate and premature ventricular complexes (PVCs), a common form of arrhythmia that may trigger arrhythmias that are more life-threatening.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients (n=84) with >or=1440 PVCs/24 h in a previous Holter recording were randomly assigned to receive 1.5 g/d of either n-3 fatty acids or placebo. Two 24-h Holter recordings were made at baseline, and 2 were made after an intervention of approximately 14 wk.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment did not significantly affect the number of PVCs. The number decreased in the fish-oil group by 867/24 h more than it decreased in placebo group (95% CI: -3187, 1453). However, the mean 24-h heart rate was significantly affected, decreasing in the fish-oil group by a mean of 2.1 beats/min more than it decreased in the placebo group (95% CI: -3.9, -0.3).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Supplementation with 1.5 g n-3 fatty acids/d from fish does not substantially suppress the number of PVCs in a patient population with frequent PVCs. However, n-3 fatty acids decreased heart rate by 2.1 beats/min, a significant decrease that predicts a lower risk of sudden death.
authors.affiliation: Wageningen Centre for Food Sciences and Division of Human Nutrition, Wageningen University, Wageningen, Netherlands. anouk.geelen@wur.nl
authors.forename: Anouk
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Geelen
authors.forename: Ingeborg A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Brouwer
authors.forename: Evert G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Schouten
authors.forename: Arie C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Maan
authors.forename: Martijn B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Katan
authors.forename: Peter L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Zock
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000517:prevention & control; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015716:Electrocardiography, Ambulatory; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018879:Ventricular Premature Complexes / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D005395:Fish Oils; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid