Optimization of liver biopsy RNA sampling and use of reference RNA for cDNA microarray analysis.
In this study, we used the rat liver as a model system to optimize the conditions for extracting RNA from liver biopsies for use in cDNA microarrays. We found that a 5-mm biopsy with a 16-gauge needle and storage in RNA later at 4 degrees C were optimal conditions for RNA extraction. The most important factor for the quantity and quality of RNA extraction was the sample diameter. Using the optimized sampling conditions and a cDNA microarray, we compared the expression of genes in the normal and the fibrotic tissues of the LEC rat liver, a model of liver tumorigenesis, with SD rat liver RNA as a reference. We found 29 genes that were up-regulated and 33 genes that were down-regulated in the fibrotic part of the liver. Furthermore, with the help of the reference RNA, we were able to classify the expression profiles into five groups without complex mathematical analyses; without the reference RNA, the genes could be classified into only two groups. Finally, we found that osteopontin was expressed at a very high level in the fibrotic portion of the LEC rat liver. This cDNA microarray result was validated by immunohistochemistry, which showed an elevated expression of osteopontin in the region of cholangiocarcinoma and a lack of expression in normal tissues. With optimized conditions, we should be able to apply the microarray system for routine practice.
Takemura
Fumiyo
F
JGS Japan Genome Solutions, Inc., 51 Komiya-Cho, Hachioji, Tokyo 192-0031, Japan.
Inaba
Niro
N
Miyoshi
Eiji
E
Furuya
Takako
T
Terasaki
Hiroshi
H
Ando
Satoshi
S
Kinoshita
Noriaki
N
Ogawa
Yoshiyasu
Y
Taniguchi
Naoyuki
N
Ito
Satoru
S
D000818:Animals; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D012313:RNA / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012015:Reference Standards
D018076:DNA, Complementary; D012313:RNA