title: The effectiveness of exercise programmes after lumbar disc surgery: a randomized controlled study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare two different exercise programmes versus a control group, after lumbar disc surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, single-blind, randomized controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Outpatient clinic of Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty patients diagnosed as having single level lumbar disc herniation with clinical examination and MRI evaluation and who had undergone lumbar discectomy (post-operative first month) at a single level. Patients with serious pathologies involving the cardiac and respiratory systems that could prevent them from doing exercises were excluded.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patients were randomly split into three groups. The first group received an intensive exercise programme and back school education while the second group received a home exercise programme and back school education. The third group was defined as the control group and did not receive education or exercise.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patients were evaluated at the beginning and end of the treatment with clinical parameters, pain levels, endurance tests and weight-lifting tests, modified Oswestry Disability Index, Beck Depression Inventory, Low Back Pain Rating Scale and return to work.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The groups doing exercises experienced a decrease in the severity of pain and disability, also functional parameters showed better improvement than the control group. The intensive exercise programme was better than the home exercise programme.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It seems that intensive exercise is more effective in reduction of pain and disability, but whether it is cost-effective is not clear.
authors.affiliation: Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Turkey.
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Filiz
authors.forename: Aysegul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cakmak
authors.forename: Emel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ozcan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000601:surgery*; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae; D008297:Male; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016037:Single-Blind Method