title: Ganglioside GM3 inhibits proliferation and invasion of glioma.
abstract: GM3, the simplest ganglioside, modulates cell adhesion, proliferation and differentiation in the central nervous system and exogenously added GM3 regulates cell-cell and cell-extracellular matrix adhesion and induces apoptosis. To assess the anti-tumor action of exogenous GM3, we examined its effect on the proliferation and invasion of glioma cells. Its inhibitory effect on cell proliferation was demonstrated in vitro by 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazol-2-yl) 2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and in vitro in rats with meningeal gliomatosis whose survival was significantly prolonged by the intrathecal injection of GM3. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-biotin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) assay revealed that GM3 induced glioma cell apoptosis in vitro and in vitro. In rat brain slice cultures, GM3 suppressed the invasion of glioma cells; this effect manifested earlier than the inhibition of cell proliferation and before apoptosis induction. Our results suggest exogenous GM3 as a potential therapeutic agent in patients with glioma requiring adjuvant therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Osaka University Medical School, Suita, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasunori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Izumoto
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kagawa
authors.forename: Kouichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Motohiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maruno
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakatsuji
authors.forename: Toshiki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshimine
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005679:G(M3) Ganglioside / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005910:Glioma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000517:prevention & control; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D005679:G(M3) Ganglioside