title: Socioeconomic status and insomnia.
abstract: This investigation compared the likelihood of insomnia and insomnia-related health consequences among individuals of different socioeconomic status. A random-digit dialing procedure was used to recruit at least 50 men and 50 women in each age decade from 20 to 80+ years old. Participants completed 2 weeks of sleep diaries as well as questionnaires related to fatigue, sleepiness, and psychological distress. Socioeconomic status was measured by education status assessed at 3 different levels: individual, household, and community. Results indicated that individuals of lower individual and household education were significantly more likely to experience insomnia even after researchers accounted for ethnicity, gender, and age. Additionally, individuals with fewer years of education, particularly those who had dropped out of high school, experienced greater subjective impairment because of their insomnia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Memphis, Memphis, TN, USA.
authors.forename: Les A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Gellis
authors.forename: Kenneth L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Lichstein
authors.forename: Isabel C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Scarinci
authors.forename: H Heith
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Durrence
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Bush
authors.forename: Brant W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Riedel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires