Caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in cardiac myxoma: not associated with human papillomavirus or Epstein-Barr virus.
Cardiac myxoma is the most common tumor of the heart, has a variable clinical presentation and immunohistochemical profile. Viral infections, such as herpes simplex virus, human papillomavirus (HPV), and Epstein-Barr virus (EBV), may play an important role in the causes of cardiac myxoma. This investigation will demonstrate caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in cardiac myxoma without HPV or EBV infection. This study included 15 patients with cardiac myxoma, who were treated with surgical excision of the lesion. Data were collected on detailed clinical parameters. Terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick-end labeling assay, electrophoresis, and caspase-3 immunohistochemical studies were performed to characterize apoptosis. Genechip containing 39 subtypes was used to elucidate HPV; and polymerase chain reaction to detect LMP-1 gene of EBV. The patient population comprised of eight (53%) women and seven (47%) men. The mean age of patient participants was 45 years, with an age range of 30-70 years. All patient cases were sporadic myxomas rather than familial myxomas. The patient presentations included dyspnea (53%), asymptomatic (27%), stroke (7%), chest pain (7%), and fever (7%). All lesions were located in the left atrium. The individual patient cases of myxoma did not differ in location or clinical event in terms of pathological scores, such as vascular proliferation, inflammation, cellularity, hyaline, calcification, or thrombosis. Cardiac myxoma is characterized by apoptosis through caspase-dependent pathway. HPV or EBV was not detected in any of the study patient samples. In conclusion, no viral genomes of HPV or EBV were detected in these 15 patients. This study demonstrates that caspase-3-dependent apoptosis in cardiac myxoma is not dependent on concurrence of previous HPV and/or EBV infection.
Chu
Pao-Hsien
PH
The Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Chang Gung University, Taipei 105, Taiwan. pchu@adm.cgmh.org.tw
Jung
Shih-Ming
SM
Lin
Hsin-Chiung
HC
Yeh
Chi-Hsiao
CH
Wu
Hsueh-Hua
HH
Shiu
Tzu-Fang
TF
Huang
Shang L
SL
Tseng
Ngan-Ming
NM
Chu
Jaw-Ji
JJ
Lin
Pyng-Jing
PJ
Lai
Chyong-Huey
CH
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017209:Apoptosis; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D006338:Heart Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009232:Myxoma / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000821:virology
D004279:DNA, Viral; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases