title: Promotion of oxidative stress by 3-hydroxyglutaric acid in rat striatum.
abstract: The pathophysiology of the striatum degeneration characteristic of patients affected by the inherited neurometabolic disorder glutaryl-CoA dehydrogenase deficiency (GDD), also known as glutaric aciduria type I, is still in debate. We have previously reported that 3-hydroxyglutaric acid (3-OH-GA) considered the main neurotoxin in this disorder, induces oxidative stress in rat cerebral cotex. In the present work, we extended these studies by investigating the in vitro effect of 3-OH-GA, at concentrations ranging from 0.01 to 1.0 mmol/L on the brain antioxidant defences by measuring total radical-trapping antioxidant potential (TRAP), total antioxidant reactivity (TAR) and glutathione (GSH) levels, and on the production of hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)), nitric oxide (NO) and malondialdehyde in striatum homogenates from young rats. We observed that TRAP, TAR and GSH levels were markedly reduced (by up to 50%) when striatum homogenates were treated with 3-OH-GA. In contrast, H(2)O(2) (up to 44%), NO (up to 95%) and malondialdehyde levels (up to 28%) were significantly increased by 3-OH-GA. These data indicate that total nonenzymatic antioxidant defences (TRAP) and the tissue capacity to handle an increase of reactive species (TAR) were reduced by 3-OH-GA in the striatum. Furthermore, the results also reflect an increase of lipid peroxidation, probably secondary to 3-OH-GA-induced free radical production. Thus, it may be presumed that oxidative stress is involved in the neuropathology in GDD.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto de Ciências Básicas da Saúde, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Rua Ramiro Barcelos, 2600 - Anexo, CEP 90035-003, Porto Alegre, RS, Brasil.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Latini
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Scussiato
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Leipnitz
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Dutra-Filho
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wajner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000378:metabolism*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005977:Glutarates / Q000378:metabolism*; D050770:Glutaryl-CoA Dehydrogenase; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors / Q000172:deficiency*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C108959:3-hydroxyglutaric acid; D000975:Antioxidants; D005977:Glutarates; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D044925:Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group Donors; D050770:Glutaryl-CoA Dehydrogenase; D005978:Glutathione