title: Gemcitabine combined with oxaliplatin (GEMOX) as second-line chemotherapy in patients with advanced ovarian cancer refractory or resistant to platinum and taxane.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this multicenter feasibility study was to determine the toxicity profile and antitumor activity of the gemcitabine plus oxaliplatin combination as second-line treatment in platinum plus paclitaxel resistant/refractory advanced ovarian cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients received a 30-60-min infusion of gemcitabine a week for 2 weeks, followed by 120-180 min infusion of oxaliplatin every 3 weeks. The doses used were 1,000 and 130 mg/m(2), respectively. Seventeen cases (85% of the total) were platinum resistant and 3 (15%) were platinum refractory.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Grade 3/4 thrombocytopenia occurred in 14/20 of cases (70%); there were no symptomatic cases. 2 patients required platelet transfusion and 8 patients received hydrocortisone. The dose- limiting toxicity was thrombocytopenia. Combined grade 3/4 neutropenia was observed in 8/20 (40%) of cases (no sepsis was registered). Five patients were treated with recombinant erythropoietin because of grade 3 anemia and 4 cases received G-CSF prophylactically from the first cycle. The overall response rate of the combination in terms of antitumor activity was 26% (95% CI = 9-51%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A combination of gemcitabine and oxaliplatin using this schedule gave rise to a moderate/severe toxicity profile and would be feasible only if growth factors were used and/or gemcitabine were administered at lower doses. The antitumor activity of the combination was insufficient reward for the resultant toxicity profile. However, equivalent to that of other drugs used in platinum refractory and resistant patients.
authors.affiliation: Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale per lo Studio e la Cura dei Tumori, Milano, Italy.
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Raspagliesi
authors.forename: Flavia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zanaboni
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vecchione
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hanozet
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scollo
authors.forename: Antonino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ditto
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Grijuela
authors.forename: Rosanna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fontanelli
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Solima
authors.forename: Gianbattista
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spatti
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Scibilia
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kusamura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D020714:Maximum Tolerated Dose; D008875:Middle Aged; D009503:Neutropenia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D000077150:Oxaliplatin; D017671:Platinum Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D043823:Taxoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds; D017671:Platinum Compounds; D043823:Taxoids; D000077150:Oxaliplatin; D003841:Deoxycytidine; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D000093542:Gemcitabine