title: CD14 C(-260)T promoter polymorphism and prevalence of acute coronary syndromes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inflammation and infection have been implicated in atherosclerosis and its complications. The CD14 receptor mediates monocyte activation by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) of Gram-negative bacteria. The aim of this study was to assess whether the C(-260)T polymorphism in the promoter of the CD14 receptor gene is associated with a higher prevalence of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) and severity of coronary atherosclerosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 428 patients (mean age: 63+/-10 years, 67% men) consisting of 334 patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) and 94 patients with normal coronary arteriogram. Patients with CAD were subdivided in two groups: (1) no previous history of ACS (n=140; 64+/-9 years; 79% men) and (2) patients with a history of ACS (n=194; 64+/-10 years; 80% men). CD14 genotypes were determined by a Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR)-Restriction Fragment Length Polymorphism Analysis (RFLP) technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with a prior ACS had a significantly higher frequency of the T/T genotype than CAD patients without prior ACS (33% vs. 20%; P=0.009), even after multivariate analysis (odd ratio [OR] 1.8 [1.1-3.1]; confidence intervals [CI] 95%; P=0.023). T/T genotype was not significantly different in CAD patients without prior ACS compared to controls (20% vs. 22.3%; P=0.67), and there was no significant association between genotypes, or allele frequencies, and severity of CAD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CD14 C(-260)T polymorphism is associated with a history of ACS and it may represent a genetically determined risk factor for the development of ACS and atheromatous plaque vulnerability in angina patients.
authors.affiliation: Coronary Artery Disease Research Unit, Department of Cardiological Sciences, St. George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London SW 17 ORE, UK.
authors.forename: Ramón
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arroyo-Espliguero
authors.forename: Khaled
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: El-Sharnouby
authors.forename: Eugenia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vázquez-Rey
authors.forename: Kamini
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kalidas
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jeffery
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kaski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003596:Cytosine; D006801:Humans; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D013577:Syndrome; D013941:Thymine
chemical_list: D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D003596:Cytosine; D013941:Thymine