Liver metastases from breast cancer: management of patients with significant liver dysfunction.
The liver is a common site of metastases in breast cancer. Although the development of liver metastases has long been associated with a poor prognosis in this disease, this dogma has been challenged by more recent data, perhaps reflecting some treatment and other technological advances achieved in the last decade. Nevertheless, the specific population of breast cancer patients presenting with liver disease and associated liver dysfunction remain poorly studied. These women still seem to have a poor prognosis as compared to other patients with liver metastases. This is further complicated by the fact that the most active cytotoxic agents in breast cancer have significant hepatic metabolism and/or biliary excretion. Unfortunately, since these patients have been most of the time excluded from clinical trials, there are currently no clear recommendations for the management of such dramatic presentations. With some exceptions, recommendations for dose adjustments have also been largely empirical. In this paper, we review the optimal doses of cytotoxics used in this clinical situation and provide some tips on the management of these patients, based on the limited data currently available in the literature.
Mano
Max S
MS
Beatson Oncology Centre, Western Infirmary, Dumbarton Road, Glasgow G11 6TN, UK. max.mano@northglasgow.scot.nhs.uk
Cassidy
Jim
J
Canney
Peter
P
D018943:Anthracyclines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006499:Hepatic Artery; D006801:Humans; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000556:secondary*; D017671:Platinum Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D043823:Taxoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000068878:Trastuzumab; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D014747:Vinblastine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000077235:Vinorelbine
D018943:Anthracyclines; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D017671:Platinum Compounds; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D043823:Taxoids; D000068878:Trastuzumab; D014747:Vinblastine; D000077235:Vinorelbine