title: Inferior canine hindlimb ischemia and reperfusion impairs femoral artery endothelium-dependent wall relaxation.
abstract: This experimental investigation was carried out to study the endothelium-dependent ischemia-reperfusion injury upon the release of nitric oxide (NO) in the canine femoral artery. The tested experimental model was the inferior canine hindlimb ischemia induced by infrarenal abdominal aortic clamping followed by reperfusion. The research protocol was standardized in four experimental groups (n=6): (1) Control group; (2) Ischemia (120 minutes) group; (3) Ischemia (90 minutes) and reperfusion (60 minutes) group; and (4) Ischemia (120 minutes) and reperfusion (90 minutes) group. The femoral artery vascular reactivity was studied in vitro with the aid of an eight "organ chambers'' setup, where segments from 4 to 5 mm, with and without endothelium, were suspended and connected to force transducers. The fundamental data of this study were as follows: (1) Ischemia caused by 120 minutes of infrarenal aortic clamping did not cause femoral artery endothelium dysfunction. (2) Ischemia caused by 90 minutes of clamping followed by 60 minutes of reperfusion also did not cause endothelium dysfunction, with an observed tendency to signal transduction impairment (studied by the sodium fluoride dose response curves). (3) Ischemia caused by 120 minutes of clamping followed by 90 minutes of reperfusion caused endothelium dysfunction, observed by the femoral artery impaired capacity of the endothelium-dependent NO release evoked by acetylcholine, adenosine diphosphate, and sodium fluoride. The present pharmacologic in vitro observations are concordant with the evidence that the NO-release impairment, caused by inferior canine hindlimb ischemia followed by reperfusion, is a consequence of endothelium cell membrane receptors, and G-proteins signal transduction dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Division of Surgical Research, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Edwaldo E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Joviliano
authors.forename: Carlos E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Piccinato
authors.forename: Jesualdo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cherri
authors.forename: Fermanda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Viaro
authors.forename: Paulo Roberto B
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Evora
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000098:blood supply; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D023421:Models, Animal; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000502:physiology; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000150:complications*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D009569:Nitric Oxide