title: Solvent effects on coupling yields during rapid solid-phase synthesis of CGRP(8-37) employing in situ neutralization.
abstract: The success of solid-phase peptide synthesis is often dependent upon solvation of the resin and the growing resin-bound peptide chain. We investigated the relationship between solvent properties and solvation of the resin and peptide-resin in order to obtain satisfactory coupling yields for the rapid solid-phase peptide synthesis, using butyloxycarbonyl-(Boc)-amino acid derivatives, of human-alpha-calcitonin gene-related peptide(8-37) (CGRP(8-37)). Solvation of (p-methylbenzhydrylamine)copoly(styrene-1% divinylbenzene (DVB) (resin) and resin covalently bound to the fully protected amino acid sequence of CGRP(8-37) (peptide-resin) was correlated to solvent Hildebrand solubility (delta) and hydrogen-bonding (delta(h)) parameters. Contour solvation plots of delta(h) vs. delta revealed maximum solvation regions of resin and peptide-resin. Maximum resin solvation occurred with N-methylpyrrolidinone (NMP), NMP : dimethylsulfoxide (DMSO) (8 : 2) and DMSO. Inefficient solvation of the peptide-resin occurred with these solvents and resulted in poor syntheses with average coupling yields of 78.1, 88.9 and 91.8%, respectively. Superior peptide-resin solvation was obtained using dimethylacetamide (DMA) and dimethylformamide (DMF), resulting in significantly higher average coupling yields of 98.0 and 99.5%, respectively. Thus, the region of maximum peptide-resin solvation shifts to solvents with higher delta(h) values. DMF provided the most effective peptide-resin solvation and was the only solvent from which CGRP(8-37) was obtained as a single major product in the crude cleaved material.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Creighton University, Omaha, NE 68178-0405, USA.
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Abel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hulce
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D010446:Peptide Fragments; D012997:Solvents; C058636:calcitonin gene-related peptide (8-37); D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide