title: The use and rationale of selective alpha blockade in children with non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder dysfunction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We present here a long-term observation of 2 children with a rare syndrome with a non-neurogenic neurogenic bladder dysfunction (Hinman's syndrome), and we investigated the safety and efficacy of long-term use of terazosine in association with prophylactic antibiotics, timed voiding and a bowel regimen.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two children, 7 years-old (22 kg) and 11 years-old (36 kg) presented in 1997 to our pediatric urology clinic with symptoms of urgency, frequency, urge incontinence and nocturnal enuresis. Both children were placed in a regimen of terazosine (starting with 0.5 mg increasing until 2 mg).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant side effects throughout the entire treatment. The first 7-year old boy however developed some dizziness when the dose of terazosine was increased to 2 mg (after 4 weeks of administrating 1 mg), and this disappeared immediately when the dosage was reduced back to 1 mg daily. The urgency symptoms improved in both boys after 3 weeks of 1 mg terazosine. The secondary enuresis in the 11 year-old boy resolved after 2 months of 2 mg terazosine.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is possible to say that the alpha-blocker medication, terazosine can be administered safely to children with a non-neurogenic bladder dysfunction, also known as the Hinman's syndrome. These results have shown that dysfunctional voiding, postvoiding residual and upper tract involvement can disappear over time when long term terazosine is given in combination with timed voiding, prophylactic antibiotic therapy and treatment of the associated constipation. Our observations also suggest a permanent effect after discontinuing the medication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Pediatric Urology, UZ Leuven, Belgium. guy.bogaert@uzleuven.br
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bogaert
authors.forename: Goedele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Beckers
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lombaerts
mesh_terms: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D003248:Constipation / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011224:Prazosin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013577:Syndrome; D014463:Ultrasonography; D001750:Urinary Bladder, Neurogenic / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; C041226:Terazosin; D011224:Prazosin