title: Glycemic and lipid control in hospitalized type 2 diabetic patients: evaluation of 2 enteral nutrition formulas (low carbohydrate-high monounsaturated fat vs high carbohydrate).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Type 2 diabetic patients may need enteral nutrition support as part of their treatment. The objective was to compare glycemic and lipid control in hospitalized patients with type 2 diabetes requiring feeding via nasogastric tube using enteral feedings with either a highcarbohydrate or a high-monounsaturated-fat content.
  
  
  METHODS
  This trial included type 2 diabetes patients admitted to the hospital for neurologic disorders or head and neck cancer surgery who received either a low-carbohydrate-high-mono-unsaturated-fat (Glucerna) or a high-carbohydrate diet (Precitene Diabet). Glycemic and lipid control was determined weekly. Safety and gastrointestinal tolerance were also assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 104 patients were randomized and 63 were evaluable according to preestablished protocol criteria. Median duration of therapy was 13 days in both groups. Mean glucose was significantly increased at 7 days of treatment (p = .006) in the Precitene arm, with no significant variations in the Glucerna arm. Mean weekly blood triglycerides levels in the Precitene arm were increased without reaching statistical significance, whereas patients in the Glucerna arm showed a stable trend. Patients in the Precitene arm showed a significantly higher incidence of diarrhea than patients in Glucerna arm (p = .008), whereas the incidence of nausea was smaller in the Precitene arm than in the Glucerna arm (p = .03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An enteral formula with lower carbohydrate and higher monounsaturated fat (Glucerna) has a neutral effect on glycemic control and lipid metabolism in type 2 diabetic patients compared with a high-carbohydrate and a lower-fat formula (Precitene Diabet).
authors.affiliation: Hospital 12 de Octubre, Madrid, Spain. mleon@h12o.es
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: León-Sanz
authors.forename: Pedro P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: García-Luna
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sanz-París
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gómez-Candela
authors.forename: César
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Casimiro
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chamorro
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Pereira-Cunill
authors.forename: Angeles
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martin-Palmero
authors.forename: Roser
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Trallero
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: Francisco Javier
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Ordóñez
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: García-Peris
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Camarero
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gómez-Enterría
authors.forename: Lucio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cabrerizo
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perez-de-la-Cruz
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: Abelardo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: García-de-Lorenzo
authors.forename: Nelly
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Usán
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000378:metabolism*; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D009325:Nausea / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated