title: Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy in the skull: case report and review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Melanotic neuroectodermal tumor of infancy (MNTI) is a rare neoplasm that develops during the first year of life and grows rapidly. Early diagnosis and radical surgery are critical for a long-term cure. We report a rare case of MNTI in the skull and discuss the importance of the radical surgery and the long-term follow-up results.
  
  
  METHODS
  We describe a case of a 4-month-old girl with an MNTI in the skull who underwent the operation 11 years ago. The mass in the frontotemporosphenoid region grew rapidly after birth. The patient underwent a craniotomy. By referring to the histological findings of frozen section during surgery, a total excision of the tumor including its adjacent hypertrophic bone was performed. The patient has remained well without evidence of recurrence or neurological abnormality for 11 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Radical surgery for MNTI provides complete cure. According to the literature including our case, there should be follow-up for at least 2 years after surgery. Especially in cases in which tumors recur, follow-up should be for longer periods because of the possibility of its malignant change.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima 960-1295, Japan. mat@fmu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sakuma
authors.forename: Kyouichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Masahisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Namio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kodama
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004475:Ectoderm / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005260:Female; D005624:Frontal Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D017600:Neuroectodermal Tumor, Melanotic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D012888:Skull Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D013100:Sphenoid Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed