title: A pharmacoepidemiological approach to investigating inappropriate physician prescribing in a managed care setting in Israel.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify cases of inappropriate physician prescribing in a managed care setting in Israel that may have resulted from misuse of magnetic-stripe membership cards.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective drug utilization analysis of electronic patient prescription data.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a managed care setting involving approximately 1000 physicians who issue approximately 1.4 million prescriptions annually, the rate of prescription of sex-specific drugs to patients of the opposite sex for which the drugs are indicated was evaluated for 2003. The categories of drugs included in the analysis were drugs for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia or erectile dysfunction that were prescribed to women, as well as oral contraceptives, vaginal pessaries, hormone therapy, or raloxifene hydrochloride prescribed to men.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Throughout the study year, 193 different physicians wrote 341 prescriptions that matched the drug inclusion criteria for 210 different patients. The most frequently observed scenario involved the prescription for women of selective alpha-blockers, including alfuzosin hydrochloride, tamsulosin hydrochloride, and terazosin hydrochloride, that are indicated exclusively for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The electronic patient record system used in the health maintenance organization studied was programmed to block the prescription of sex-specific drugs for patients of the opposite sex for which they are intended unless proper authorization has been obtained. Furthermore, periodic investigation into prescription impropriety may be easily accomplished through the implementation of pharmacoepidemiological methods commonly used in drug utilization studies.
authors.affiliation: Leumit Health Fund, Tel Aviv, Israel. nkahan@leumit.co.il [corrected]
authors.forename: Natan R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Kahan
authors.forename: Shimon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blackman
authors.forename: Chaim
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kutz
authors.forename: Dan-Andrei
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Waitman
mesh_terms: D017047:Cost Sharing; D011307:Drug Prescriptions / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017723:Drug Utilization Review; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D005607:Fraud / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D033062:Friends; D006279:Health Maintenance Organizations / Q000592:standards*; D006300:Health Services Misuse / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel; D008280:Magnetics; D008297:Male; D016347:Medical Records Systems, Computerized / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009313:National Health Programs / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards*; D015995:Prevalence