title: Estimating drug treatment needs among state prison inmates.
abstract: Growing prison populations in the U.S. are largely due to drug-related crime and drug abuse. Yet, relatively few inmates receive treatment, existing interventions tend to be short-term or non-clinical, and better methods are needed to match drug-involved inmates to level of care. Using data from the 1997 Survey of Inmates in State Correctional Facilities, a nationally representative sample of 14,285 inmates from 275 state prisons, we present a framework for estimating their levels of treatment need. The framework is drawn partly from the American Society of Addiction Medicine Patient Placement Criteria and other client matching protocols, incorporating drug use severity, drug-related behavioral consequences, and other social and health problems. The results indicate high levels of drug involvement, but considerable variation in severity/recency of use and health and social consequences. We estimate that one-third of male and half of female inmates need residential treatment, but that half of male and one-third of female inmates may need no treatment or short-term interventions. Treatment capacity in state prisons is quite inadequate relative to need, and improvements in assessment, treatment matching, and inmate incentives are needed to conserve scarce treatment resources and facilitate inmate access to different levels of care.
authors.affiliation: Treatment Research Institute at the University of Pennsylvania, 600 Public Ledger Building, 150 South Independence Mall West, Philadelphia, PA 19106-3475, USA. sbelenko@tresearch.org
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Belenko
authors.forename: Jordon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peugh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D015897:Comorbidity; D003415:Crime / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003625:Data Collection / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D013287:Illicit Drugs; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011329:Prisoners / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011330:Prisons / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D040841:Resource Allocation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States; D014754:Violence / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs