title: Endocytosis of the Nipah virus glycoproteins.
abstract: Nipah virus (NiV), a highly pathogenic member of the family Paramyxoviridae, encodes the surface glycoproteins F and G. Since internalization of the NiV envelope proteins from the cell surface might be of functional importance for viral pathogenesis either by regulating cytopathogenicity or by modulating recognition of infected cells by the immune system, we analyzed the endocytosis of the NiV F and G proteins. Interestingly, we found both glycoproteins to be internalized in infected and transfected cells. As endocytosis is normally mediated by tyrosine- or dileucine-dependent signals in the cytoplasmic tails of transmembrane proteins, all potential internalization signals in the NiV glycoproteins were mutated. Whereas the G protein appeared to be constitutively internalized with the bulk flow during membrane turnover, uptake of the F protein was found to be signal mediated. F endocytosis clearly depended on a membrane-proximal YXXPhi motif and was found to be of functional importance for the biological activity of the protein.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Virologie, Philipps University of Marburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Carola
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vogt
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eickmann
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Diederich
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moll
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maisner
mesh_terms: D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004285:Dogs; D004705:Endocytosis; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007930:Leucine / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D045405:Nipah Virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D014709:Vero Cells; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006023:Glycoproteins; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D014760:Viral Fusion Proteins; D014443:Tyrosine; D007930:Leucine
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