title: Examining African self-consciousness and Black racial identity as predictors of Black men's psychological well-being.
abstract: This study investigated African self-consciousness and Black racial identity as predictors of psychological distress and self-esteem for Black men. One hundred thirty Black men from a college and community sample completed the African Self-Consciousness Scale, the Racial Identity Attitude Scale-B, the Symptom Checklist 90-Revised, and the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory. Canonical correlation analysis found 2 significant roots with the 1st root indicating that Black men whose attitudes reflected Preencounter and Immersion racial identity attitudes and who do not resist against anti-African/Black forces reported greater psychological distress and less esteem. Results from the 2nd root suggested that Black men whose attitudes reflect greater Internalization racial identity attitudes, greater resistance to anti-African/Black forces, and less identification with Blacks reported greater self-esteem.
authors.affiliation: Department of Counseling, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA 02467, USA. Marpierre@generationexcel.org
authors.forename: Martin R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Pierre
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Mahalik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000349:Africa / Q000208:ethnology; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005006:Ethnicity; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012649:Self Concept; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States