title: Disposition kinetics, bioavailability and renal clearance of cefepime in calves.
abstract: The pharmacokinetics of cefepime were studied following intravenous and intramuscular administration of 6.5 mg/kg in four female Friesian calves. Following single intravenous administration, the serum concentration-time curves of cefepime were best fitted using a two-compartment open model. The elimination half-life (t(1/2)beta) was 2.38+/-0.16 h, volume of distribution at steady state (Vdss) was 0.21 +/- 0.01 L/kg, and total body clearance (ClB) was 1.1 +/- 0.08 ml/min per kg. Following intramuscular administration, the drug was rapidly absorbed with an absorption half-life (t(1/2)ab) of 0.29+/-0.02 h; maximum serum concentration (Cmax) of 21.7 +/- 1.1 microg/ml was attained after (Tmax) 1.1 +/- 0.08 h; and the drug was eliminated with an elimination half-life (t(1/2)el) of 3.02 +/- 0.18 h. The systemic bioavailability (F) after intramuscular administration of cefepime in calves was 95.7% +/- 7.44%. The in vitro serum protein-binding tendency was 10.5-16.7%. Following administration by both routes, the drug was excreted in high concentrations in urine for 24 h post administration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza 12211, Egypt. m_ism@hotmail.com
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Ismail
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000652:urine; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001682:Biological Availability; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077723:Cefepime; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000652:urine; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D006207:Half-Life; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins; D000077723:Cefepime; D003404:Creatinine
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