title: Non-Hodgkin's lymphoma and other nonhepatic malignancies in Swedish patients with hepatitis C virus infection.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the association between hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL), multiple myeloma (MM), thyroid cancer (TC), chronic lymphatic leukemia (CLL), acute lymphatic leukemia (ALL), and Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL). A Swedish cohort of 27,150 HCV-infected persons notified during 1990-2000 was included in the study. The database was linked to other national registers to calculate the observation time, expressed as person-years, and to identify all incident malignancies in the cohort. The patients were stratified according to assumed time of previous HCV infection. The relative risk of malignancy was expressed as a standardized incidence ratio (SIR)-the observed number compared to the expected number. During 1990-2000 there were 50 NHL, 15 MM, 14 ALL, 8 TC, 6 CLL, and 4 HL diagnoses in the cohort. Altogether, 20 NHL, 7 MM, 5 TC, 4 CLL, 1 ALL, and 1 HL patient fulfilled the criteria to be included in the statistical analysis. The observation time was 122,272 person-years. The risk of NHL and MM was significantly increased in the stratum with more than 15 years of infection (SIR 1.89 [95% CI, 1.10-3.03] and 2.54 [95% CI, 1.11-5.69], respectively). The association was not significant in TC or CLL. In conclusion, we report the incidence of several malignancies in a nationwide cohort of HCV-infected persons. Although the delayed diagnosis of HCV probably has resulted in an underestimation of the risk, this study showed a significantly increased risk of NHL and MM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Orebro University Hospital, Orebro, Sweden. ann-sofi.duberg@orebroll.se
authors.forename: Ann-Sofi
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Duberg
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nordström
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Törner
authors.forename: Olle
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Reichard
authors.forename: Reinhild
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Strauss
authors.forename: Ragnhild
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Janzon
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bäck
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ekdahl
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000209:etiology; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000209:etiology; D009369:Neoplasms; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000209:etiology; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral