In vitro cortical neuronal networks as a new high-sensitive system for biosensing applications.
By taking advantages of the main features of the microelectrode array (MEA) technology (i.e. multisite recordings, stable and long-term coupling with the biological preparation), we analyzed the changes in activity patterns induced by applying specific substances to dissociated cortical neurons from rat-embryos (E18). Data were recorded simultaneously from 60 electrodes, and the electrophysiological behavior was investigated during the third week in vitro, both at the spike and burst level. The analysis of the electrophysiological activity modulation, by applying agonists of the ionotropic glutamate receptors at low (i.e. 0.2-1-5 microM) and high (i.e. 50-100 microM) concentrations, is presented. Preliminary results show that the dynamics of the in vitro cortical neurons is very sensitive to pharmacological manipulation of the glutamatergic transmission and the effects on the network behavior are strictly dependent from the drug concentration. In particular, the addition of a high-dose of agonist determined a global and irreversible depression of the network activity, while, in the low-concentration case, the electrophysiological behavior showed different results, depending on the type of receptor involved. From these observations, we are encouraged to think of a more engineered system, based on in vitro cortical neurons, as a novel sensitive system for drug (pre)-screening and neuropharmacological evaluations.
Martinoia
S
S
Neuroengineering and Bio-nanoTechnology Group, Department of Biophysical and Electronic Engineering, University of Genova, Via all'Opera Pia 11A, 16145 Genova, Italy. martinoia@dibe.unige.it
Bonzano
L
L
Chiappalone
M
M
Tedesco
M
M
Marcoli
M
M
Maura
G
G
D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists