title: A peptide vaccine administered transcutaneously together with cholera toxin elicits potent neutralising anti-FMDV antibody responses.
abstract: In this study a synthetic peptide representing residues 141-159 from the GH loop of VP1 protein of foot-and-mouth disease virus was tested for its capacity to elicit virus neutralising antibodies in mice after transcutaneous immunisation. Topical application of the peptide conjugated to bovine serum albumin together with cholera toxin as an adjuvant elicited anti-peptide antibody responses with strong virus neutralising activity. The combination of cholera toxin with an immunostimulatory CpG motif resulted in the induction of IgG1 and IgG2a anti-peptide antibodies with significantly enhanced virus neutralising activity. To shed more light on the mechanisms of cholera toxin adjuvanticity we demonstrated its binding to keratinocytes via GM(1)-gangliosides. This was followed by an increase of the intracellular cAMP and the rapid diffusion of cholera toxin throughout the epidermis. These findings demonstrate that peptide-based vaccines when combined with the appropriate adjuvant(s) can elicit potent virus neutralising antibody responses after transcutaneous immunisation. However, experiments in target species will be required to confirm the potential of this simple vaccination procedure in livestock.
authors.affiliation: UPR 9021, Institut de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire, CNRS, 15 rue René Descartes, F-67084 Strasbourg, France.
authors.forename: Anne-Sophie
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Beignon
authors.forename: Fred
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Eftekhari
authors.forename: Ed
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Briand
authors.forename: Sylviane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.forename: Charalambos D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Partidos
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D001706:Biopsy; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D002772:Cholera Toxin / Q000276:immunology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005536:Foot-and-Mouth Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000276:immunology; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit / Q000276:immunology* / Q000592:standards; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C442501:VP1 protein, Foot-and-mouth disease virus; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D002772:Cholera Toxin; D000242:Cyclic AMP