title: Effect of cervical and vaginal insemination with liquid semen stored at room temperature on fertility of goats.
abstract: The effect of vaginal and cervical deposition of liquid semen stored at room temperature on the fertility of goats was tested in a field trial in which 217 Norwegian Dairy goats aged between 6 months and 7.5 years from 14 farms were inseminated after natural oestrous. Cervical insemination with 200 x 10(6) spermatozoa resulted in 25-day non-return and kidding rates of 87.0 and 78.0%, and vaginal insemination gave 85.5 and 74.3%, respectively. There was no significant difference between the cervical and vaginal inseminations (P = 0.59 for the 25-day non-return and P = 0.40 for the kidding rates). Farm had a significant effect on the 25-day non-return rate (P = 0.03) but not on the kidding rate (P = 0.07). There were no significant differences between the fertility rates for different bucks (P = 0.36 for the 25-day non-return and P = 0.15 for the kidding rates). Fertility results after vaginal insemination were encouragingly high. Vaginal insemination is a simple, less costly and time consuming technique compared to others, also bringing into focus the animal welfare aspects of the artificial insemination procedure. As the final goal is to establish a technique that could be applied similarly on a large scale by all farmers, vaginal insemination must be considered as a method that would simplify the use of liquid buck semen in Norway.
authors.affiliation: Team Semin, PO Box 8146 Dep, NO-0033 Oslo, Norway. heiko.paulenz@veths.no
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Paulenz
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Söderquist
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Adnøy
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Soltun
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Saether
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Fjellsøy
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Andersen Berg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000502:physiology*; D006041:Goats / Q000502:physiology*; D007315:Insemination, Artificial / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D012661:Semen / Q000502:physiology*; D014621:Vagina / Q000502:physiology*