title: Expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase is increased in rat Barrett's esophagus induced by duodenal contents reflux.
abstract: Barrett's esophagus is a premalignant condition of esophageal adenocarcinoma. Inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) is induced by cytokines and can generate locally high concentrations of nitric oxide (NO), whose metabolites can mediate genotoxicity and influence multistage carcinogenesis by causing DNA damage. Therefore, we evaluated the immunolocalization and expression of iNOS in surgically induced rat Barrett's esophagus. Esophagoduodenal anastomosis was performed in rats for inducing reflux of duodenal contents. Rats were killed at postoperative 10, 20, 30 and 40 weeks. We examined histologic changes and iNOS expression in esophagus by immunohistochemistry and reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Eighty six percent of experimental rats showed Barrett's esophagus above esophagoduodenal junction. iNOS immunoreactivity was clearly observed in the epithelial cells of Barrett's esophagus, predominantly at the apical surface of epithelial cells. Cytoplasmic staining was also seen only in atypical Barrett's esophagus. iNOS mRNA was detected only in the lower esophagus of experimental group. In conclusion, this study suggests that iNOS has some roles on Barrett's esophagus formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Dongguk University College of Medicine, Kyoungju, Korea. jong-dals@hanmail.net
authors.forename: Jong Dae
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Ki Hoon
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Woo Sup
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Sung Han
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Tae Jung
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Jang
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D000818:Animals; D001471:Barrett Esophagus / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000601:surgery*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D004249:DNA Damage; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004386:Duodenum / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000601:surgery; D004947:Esophagus / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000473:pathology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D012313:RNA / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D012313:RNA; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 1996 Oct;111(4):871-85
references.pmid: 8831582
references.citation: Prostaglandins Leukot Essent Fatty Acids. 1996 Apr;54(4):229-38
references.pmid: 8804119
references.citation: Carcinogenesis. 1998 May;19(5):711-21
references.pmid: 9635855
references.citation: Cancer Res. 1998 Jul 15;58(14):2929-34
references.pmid: 9679948
references.citation: Carcinogenesis. 1998 Aug;19(8):1445-9
references.pmid: 9744541
references.citation: Cancer Res. 1997 Apr 1;57(7):1233-7
references.pmid: 9102204
references.citation: Carcinogenesis. 1997 Nov;18(11):2265-70
references.pmid: 9395230
references.citation: Cancer Metastasis Rev. 1998 Mar;17(1):25-37
references.pmid: 9544421
references.citation: Carcinogenesis. 2000 Aug;21(8):1587-91
references.pmid: 10910963
references.citation: Carcinogenesis. 2001 Aug;22(8):1119-29
references.pmid: 11470739
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 2001 Oct;121(4):889-99
references.pmid: 11606502
references.citation: Cancer Res. 2001 Dec 1;61(23):8357-60
references.pmid: 11731407
references.citation: Gastroenterology. 2002 Apr;122(4):1101-12
references.pmid: 11910360
references.citation: Int J Cancer. 2004 Jan 20;108(3):384-9
references.pmid: 14648704
references.citation: Gut. 2004 Jan;53(1):27-33
references.pmid: 14684572
references.citation: Br J Surg. 1988 Jun;75(6):540-3
references.pmid: 3395818
references.citation: Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A. 1993 Aug 1;90(15):7240-4
references.pmid: 7688473
references.citation: Mutat Res. 1994 Mar 1;305(2):241-52
references.pmid: 7510035
references.citation: Biochem J. 1994 Mar 1;298 ( Pt 2):249-58
references.pmid: 7510950
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 1994 May 13;269(19):13725-8
references.pmid: 7514592
references.citation: Cell. 1994 Sep 23;78(6):919-25
references.pmid: 7923361
references.citation: Carcinogenesis. 1994 Oct;15(10):2081-5
references.pmid: 7525094
references.citation: Gut. 1994 Oct;35(10):1394-7
references.pmid: 7525417
references.citation: Ann Surg Oncol. 1994 May;1(3):252-61
references.pmid: 7842295
references.citation: Ann Surg. 1995 Oct;222(4):525-31; discussion 531-3
references.pmid: 7574932
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 1994 May;93(5):1940-7
references.pmid: 7514189
references.citation: Carcinogenesis. 1996 May;17(5):1171-4
references.pmid: 8640931
references.citation: Int J Cancer. 1996 Jul 17;67(2):269-74
references.pmid: 8760598
references.citation: Cancer Metastasis Rev. 1998 Mar;17(1):91-106
references.pmid: 9544425