title: Long-term effects of supervised physical training in secondary prevention of low back pain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the last few years, several studies have focused on short-term treatment effects of exercise therapy. However, there is a lack of knowledge concerning the long-term treatment effects recorded after several years. Hence, this study was performed to investigate the short- and long-term effects of supervised physical training on functional ability, self-rated pain and disability in secondary prevention of low back pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and eighty-three hospital employees with chronic low back pain were randomly assigned either to back school (comparison group), or three-months supervised physical training including a back school (exercise group). Various measurements of functional ability were performed and subjects completed questionnaires on self-rated pain, disability, and general well-being before treatment, immediately after intervention, and at six-months follow-up. At one-year and at ten-years follow-up participants evaluated treatment effectiveness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 183 employees, 148 completed the program. Participation at follow-ups ranged from 66 to 96%. Supervised physical training significantly improved muscular endurance and isokinetic strength during a six-months follow-up, and effectively decreased self-rated pain and disability during a one-year follow-up. At ten-years follow-up the subjects' assessment of the effectiveness of treatment was significantly better in the exercise group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Supervised physical training effectively improved functional capacity and decreased LBP and disability up to one-year follow-up. The subjects' positive evaluation of the treatment effect at ten-years follow-up suggests a long-term benefit of training.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hygiene and Applied Physiology, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology, Zurich, Switzerland. Irina.Maul@web.de
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Maul
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Läubli
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oliveri
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Krueger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006282:Health Personnel; D006801:Humans; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009786:Occupational Health Services / Q000379:methods*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010809:Physical Fitness; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards
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