title: Phosphoinositide 3-kinase accelerates postoperative tumor growth by inhibiting apoptosis and enhancing resistance to chemotherapy-induced apoptosis. Novel role for an old enemy.
abstract: Tumor removal remains the principal treatment modality in the management of solid tumors. The process of tumor removal may potentiate the resurgent growth of residual neoplastic tissue. Herein, we describe a novel murine model in which flank tumor cytoreduction is followed by accelerated local tumor recurrence. This model held for primary and recurrent tumors generated using a panel of human and murine (LS174T, DU145, SW480, SW640, and 3LL) cell lines and replicated accelerated tumor growth following excisional surgery. In investigating this further, epithelial cells were purified from LS174T primary and corresponding recurrent tumors for comparison. Baseline as well as tumor necrosis factor apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL)-induced apoptosis were significantly reduced in recurrent tumor epithelia. Primary and recurrent tumor gene expression profiles were then compared. This identified an increase and reduction in the expression of p110gamma and p85alpha class Ia phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) subunits in recurrent tumor epithelia. These changes were further confirmed at the protein level. The targeting of PI3K ex vivo, using LY294002, restored sensitivity to TRAIL in recurrent tumor epithelia. In vivo, adjuvant LY294002 prolonged survival and significantly attenuated recurrent tumor growth by greatly enhancing apoptosis levels. Hence, PI3K plays a role in generating the antiapoptotic and chemoresistant phenotype associated with accelerated local tumor recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Cork University Hospital, Wilton, Cork, Munster, Ireland. calvincoffey@hotmail.com
authors.forename: J Calvin
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Coffey
authors.forename: Jiang Huai
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Myles J F
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laing
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bouchier-Hayes
authors.forename: Tom G
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Cotter
authors.forename: H Paul
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Redmond
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002460:Cell Line; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology; D019295:Computational Biology; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D016513:Mice, SCID; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000737:chemistry; D010641:Phenotype; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D011419:Propidium / Q000494:pharmacology; D012313:RNA / Q000737:chemistry; D012008:Recurrence; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D002867:Chromones; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009025:Morpholines; D009841:Oligonucleotides; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; C505654:Tnfsf10 protein, mouse; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C085911:2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; D011419:Propidium; D012313:RNA; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases