title: Correlation of VEGF production with IL1 alpha and IL6 secretion by human pituitary adenoma cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) is considered to be the most important angiogenic factor involved in the neovascularisation of solid tumours. Regulatory molecules include cytokines and growth factors. Interleukin (IL)1 and IL6 have both been shown to regulate VEGF levels in a variety of tissues. The role of cytokines in the pathogenesis of pituitary tumours remains unclear. We have examined the expression of VEGF and its relationships with IL1 and IL6 in the human pituitary tumour cell line HP75 and a series of human pituitary tumours. We have also looked at the relationship of tumour volume and invasive status to VEGF secretion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Surgically resected tumours were routinely cultured in single-cell suspension at 200 K/well (standard unit for culture of dispersed primary pituitary adenoma cells). We measured VEGF, IL1 alpha and IL6 levels by ELISA. Tumour volume and invasion grade were assessed by preoperative magnetic resonance imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VEGF was detected in conditioned medium of HP75 cells (900+/-52 pg/ml) and in 82% of tumours tested (range 26-16 464 pg/ml). Tumour volume and secretion of VEGF were significantly associated with levels of IL6 (volume, P = 0.056; VEGF, P < 0.001 (P values based on Spearman's test)) and IL1 alpha produced (volume, P < 0.005; VEGF, P < 0.001). Invasive tumours showed a higher basal secretion of VEGF that that of the non-invasive type; however, this difference was not significant. Addition of exogenous IL1 alpha, but not IL6, significantly increased VEGF production.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The significant associations between VEGF and the levels of IL6 and IL1 alpha suggest an important role for these cytokines in the development of these tumours.
authors.affiliation: Hormone and Vascular Group, Academic Unit of Endocrinology, Division of Genomic Medicine, University of Sheffield Medical School, Sheffield S10 2RX, UK.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Borg
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Kerry
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Royds
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Battersby
authors.forename: T H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D010911:Pituitary Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A