title: Learning curve for laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass with totally hand-sewn anastomosis: analysis of first 600 consecutive patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Laparoscopic Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (LRYGB) is a challenging operation for the treatment of morbid obesity with well-demonstrated effectiveness in weight lost. There are several variations to the technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  From September 2000 to July 2004, 600 consecutive patients underwent surgery for morbid obesity at our institution. The surgical technique employed was LRYGB with totally hand-sewn gastrojejunal anastomosis (GJA). All patients were considered candidates for laparoscopic approach regardless of age, gender, body mass index (BMI), or previous bariatric or digestive surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean BMI was 44.4 +/- 7.6 kg/m2. Thirty-two patients had undergone previous failed bariatric procedures. Conversion to an open procedure was necessary in three patients. Seventy-two patients (12%) developed early complications, including 23 (3.8%) leaks at the GJA (eight in the first 18 patients). Mortality rate was 1.1% (one death was related to GJA leakage). Early and late reoperation rates were 5.3 and 1.8%, respectively. Rate plateau of morbidity and mortality was reached after the first 18 patients when the surgical technique was fully standardized.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LRYGB is a technically demanding procedure for the surgical treatment of morbid obesity with significant morbidity during the learning curve. The learning curve can be soon overcome, reaching a rate plateau of complications after adequate training. Morbidly obese patients should be operated on in expert bariatric surgical laparoscopic units to obtain the best results.
authors.affiliation: Centro Laparoscópico de Barcelona, Centro Médico Teknon, Vilana 12, Suite 174, 08022 Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ballesta-López
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Poves
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cabrera
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Almeida
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Macías
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000193:education* / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D007412:Intestinal Fistula / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D007415:Intestinal Obstruction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D007583:Jejunum / Q000601:surgery; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods* / Q000401:mortality; D007813:Laparotomy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000601:surgery; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D012086:Reoperation; D013270:Stomach / Q000601:surgery; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D013536:Suture Techniques; D016896:Treatment Outcome
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