title: Nipple reconstruction by local flaps: a long-term comparative study between star and skate techniques.
abstract: Nipple reconstruction often gives the highest satisfaction to the patient despite being just a minor procedure. During the last 50 years, many techniques have been described in order to improve the cosmetic appearance. Star and skate flaps are two of the most frequently reported procedures. The aim of this study was to compare the personal experience of two plastic surgery departments that have been using these two different methods. Thirty patients have been included in this study. Nipple projection and cosmetic appearance have been evaluated by both patients and surgeons. Follow-up ranged between 1 and 5 years. Results have been compared. Both techniques proved to be versatile and valid. The skate flap seemed to keep projection for a longer time, while the star technique gave a better cosmetic appearance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Rome "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alfano
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tenna
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caggiati
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Campanella
mesh_terms: D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009558:Nipples / Q000601:surgery*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D013524:Surgical Flaps