title: Solar and photocatalytic disinfection of protozoan, fungal and bacterial microbes in drinking water.
abstract: The ability of solar disinfection (SODIS) and solar photocatalytic (TiO(2)) disinfection (SPC-DIS) batch-process reactors to inactivate waterborne protozoan, fungal and bacterial microbes was evaluated. After 8 h simulated solar exposure (870 W/m(2) in the 300 nm-10 microm range, 200 W/m(2) in the 300-400 nm UV range), both SPC-DIS and SODIS achieved at least a 4 log unit reduction in viability against protozoa (the trophozoite stage of Acanthamoeba polyphaga), fungi (Candida albicans, Fusarium solani) and bacteria (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Escherichia coli). A reduction of only 1.7 log units was recorded for spores of Bacillus subtilis. Both SODIS and SPC-DIS were ineffective against the cyst stage of A. polyphaga.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infection, Immunity & Inflammation, Maurice Shock Building, School of Medicine, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 9HN, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lonnen
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kilvington
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kehoe
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Al-Touati
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: McGuigan
mesh_terms: D000048:Acanthamoeba / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000818:Animals; D002384:Catalysis; D003560:Cysts / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D004203:Disinfection / Q000379:methods*; D004326:Drinking; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005658:Fungi / Q000528:radiation effects*; D010777:Photochemistry; D012993:Solar Energy; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013472:Sunlight; D013997:Time Factors; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014881:Water Supply