title: Molecular epidemiology and prevalence of macrolide efflux genes mef(A) and mef(E) in Streptococcus pneumoniae obtained in Canada from 1997 to 2002.
abstract: One hundred forty M phenotype Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates were evaluated by PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism, serotyping, and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Molecular genotyping revealed that the predominant macrolide resistance mechanism in S. pneumoniae in Canada is mef(E) and resistance dissemination is due to both spread of the genetic element MEGA as well as clonal dissemination of penicillin- and/or macrolide-resistant strains.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Manitoba, Canada.
authors.forename: Aleksandra K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Wierzbowski
authors.forename: Dean
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Swedlo
authors.forename: Dave
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Boyd
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mulvey
authors.forename: Kim A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Nichol
authors.forename: Daryl J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hoban
authors.forename: George G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Zhanel
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D002170:Canada; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D018942:Macrolides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D018942:Macrolides; C117866:MefA protein, Streptococcus; D008565:Membrane Proteins
references.citation: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2000 Sep;44(9):2585-7
references.pmid: 10952626
references.citation: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999 Oct;43(10):2510-2
references.pmid: 10508033
references.citation: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2001 Jul;45(7):2147-50
references.pmid: 11408241
references.citation: J Clin Microbiol. 2002 Mar;40(3):774-8
references.pmid: 11880392
references.citation: J Clin Microbiol. 2002 Sep;40(9):3313-8
references.pmid: 12202572
references.citation: J Clin Microbiol. 2003 Jan;41(1):428-31
references.pmid: 12517885
references.citation: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003 Feb;47(2):804-8
references.pmid: 12543698
references.citation: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 2003 Jul;47(7):2370-2
references.pmid: 12821502
references.citation: J Clin Microbiol. 2003 Dec;41(12):5633-9
references.pmid: 14662953
references.citation: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1996 Nov;40(11):2562-6
references.pmid: 8913465
references.citation: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1997 Oct;41(10):2251-5
references.pmid: 9333056
references.citation: J Infect Dis. 1999 Apr;179(4):892-900
references.pmid: 10068584
references.citation: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1999 Apr;43(4):944-6
references.pmid: 10103205
references.citation: J Antimicrob Chemother. 1999 Jul;44(1):133-4
references.pmid: 10459823
references.citation: J Infect Dis. 2001 Jul 1;184(1):56-65
references.pmid: 11398110