title: Evaluation of removable and irremovable cast walkers in the healing of diabetic foot wounds: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of a removable cast walker (RCW) and an "instant" total contact cast (iTCC) in healing neuropathic diabetic foot ulcerations.
  
  
  METHODS
  We randomly assigned 50 patients with University of Texas grade 1A diabetic foot ulcerations into one of two off-loading treatment groups: an RCW or the same RCW wrapped with a cohesive bandage (iTCC) so patients could not easily remove the device. Subjects were evaluated weekly for 12 weeks or until wound healing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  An intent-to-treat analysis showed that a higher proportion of patients had ulcers that were healed at 12 weeks in the iTCC group than in the RCW group (82.6 vs. 51.9%, P = 0.02, odds ratio 1.8 [95% CI 1.1-2.9]). Of the patients with ulcers that healed, those treated with an iTCC healed significantly sooner (41.6 +/- 18.7 vs. 58.0 +/- 15.2 days, P = 0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Modification of a standard RCW to increase patient adherence to pressure off-loading may increase both the proportion of ulcers that heal and the rate of healing of diabetic neuropathic wounds.
authors.affiliation: Center for Lower Extremity Ambulatory Research, Dr. William M. Scholl College of Podiatric Medicine at Rosalind Franklin University of Medicine and Science, 3333 Green Bay Rd., North Chicago, IL 60064, USA. armstrong@usa.net
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.forename: Lawrence A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Lavery
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Andrew J M
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Boulton
mesh_terms: D002370:Casts, Surgical; D017719:Diabetic Foot / Q000534:rehabilitation* / Q000601:surgery*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D012775:Shoes; D013997:Time Factors; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology; D016474:Weight-Bearing; D014945:Wound Healing