title: Hemodynamic effects of portal triad clamping with and without pneumoperitoneum: an echocardiographic study.
abstract: The decrease of cardiac index observed during portal triad clamping (PTC) with and without pneumoperitoneum has been studied only with right heart catheterization. To better understand this decrease of cardiac index, we investigated the balance between the adequacy of preload and the ability of the heart to pump against an increased afterload, by using transesophageal echocardiography. Ten patients with PTC performed during laparoscopy and 10 with PTC performed during laparotomy were studied. Five minutes after PTC, the stroke volume, the left ventricular (LV) fractional area change (FAC), and the LV end-systolic wall stress (LVESWS) were measured as the conventional hemodynamic variables. Regional wall motion abnormalities (RWMA) were also recorded. In the laparotomy group, LV end-diastolic area decreased, and LVESWS did not increase significantly. FAC remained stable, and one patient developed RWMA. In the laparoscopic group, LV end-diastolic area remained stable, and LVESWS increased. FAC decreased significantly, and five patients developed RWMA. A decrease in preload was the main important change in the laparotomy group, and in the laparoscopic group a decrease in LV function was demonstrated that was likely a consequence of decreased LV preload and increased LV afterload. However, these did not necessitate stopping the procedure or releasing PTC in these study patients without cardiac disease.
authors.affiliation: *Service d'Anesthésie-Réanimation Chirurgicale and †Service de Chirurgie Digestive, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris Hôpital Henri Mondor and Université Paris XII, Créteil, France.
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Decailliot
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Streich
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Heurtematte
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Duvaldestin
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cherqui
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Stéphan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002302:Cardiac Output; D017548:Echocardiography, Transesophageal; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial; D011168:Portal System / Q000503:physiopathology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
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