title: Quantification of apolipoprotein E receptors in human brain-derived cell lines by real-time polymerase chain reaction.
abstract: Apolipoprotein (apo) E4 is a risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative diseases, compared to wild-type apoE3. The mechanism(s) is unknown. One possibility, demonstrated in peripheral tissue cell lines, is that apoE stimulates nitric oxide synthase (NOS) via a receptor-dependent signalling pathway and that apoE4 generates inappropriate amounts of nitric oxide (NO) compared to apoE3. Prior to biochemical investigations, we have quantified the expression of several candidate receptor genes, including low-density lipoprotein-receptor (LDL-r) family members and scavenger receptor class B, types I and II (SR-BI/II), as well as the three NOS isoenzymes and protein kinase B (Akt), in 38 human cell lines, of which 12 derive from brain. Expression of apoE receptor 2 (apoER2), a known signalling receptor in brain, was readily detected in SH-SY-5Y and CCF-STTG1 cells, common models of neurons and astrocytes, respectively, and was highest in H4 neuroglioma, NT-2 precursor cells and IMR-32 neuroblastoma cells. Transcripts of the other lipoprotein receptors were widely, but variably, distributed across the different cell types. Of particular note was the predominant expression of SR-BII over SR-BI in many of the brain-derived cells. As the C-terminus of SR-BII, like apoER2, contains potential SH3 signalling motifs, we suggest that in brain SR-BII functions as a signal transducer receptor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Royal Free and University College Medical School, Royal Free Campus, University College London, London NW3 2PF, UK.
authors.forename: Shanaka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thilakawardhana
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Everett
authors.forename: Paul R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Murdock
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dingwall
authors.forename: James S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Owen
mesh_terms: D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000378:metabolism; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D018955:CD36 Antigens; D002460:Cell Line; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D026503:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism*; D051116:Receptors, Scavenger; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D051122:Scavenger Receptors, Class B
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D018955:CD36 Antigens; D026503:Low Density Lipoprotein Receptor-Related Protein-1; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D051116:Receptors, Scavenger; C495124:SCARB1 protein, human; D051122:Scavenger Receptors, Class B; D009569:Nitric Oxide