title: Evaluation of medium supplemented with insulin-transferrin-selenium for culture of primary bovine calf chondrocytes in three-dimensional hydrogel scaffolds.
abstract: Insulin-transferrin-selenium (ITS) was investigated as a complete or partial replacement for fetal bovine serum (FBS) during in vitro culture of bovine calf chondrocytes in hydrogel scaffolds. Chondrocyte-seeded agarose and self-assembling peptide hydrogels were maintained in Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium plus 10% FBS, 1% ITS plus 0.2% FBS, or 1% ITS and evaluated for biosynthesis, cell division, and surface outgrowth of fibroblastic-like cells and fibrous capsule formation over several weeks of culture. In peptide hydrogels, cells cultured in ITS plus 0.2% FBS medium exhibited high rates of biosynthesis and showed similar cell division trends as seen in 10% FBS cultures. ITS medium alone did not support glycosaminoglycan accumulation beyond 5 days of culture, and cell division was less than that in both serum-containing cultures. Extensive cellular outgrowth and fibrous capsule formation were observed in 10% FBS medium, whereas little outgrowth was observed in ITS plus 0.2% FBS and none was seen in ITS medium alone. In agarose hydrogels, chondrocyte biosynthesis and cell division in ITS medium were similar to that in 10% serum culture over 5 weeks, and cellular outgrowth was eliminated. Taken together, ITS was suitable as a partial (peptide) or complete (agarose) substitute for serum, and also provided the benefit of reducing or eliminating cell outgrowth and fibrous capsule formation on the hydrogel surface.
authors.affiliation: Biological Engineering Division, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors.forename: John D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Kisiday
authors.forename: Bodo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kurz
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: DiMicco
authors.forename: Alan J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Grodzinsky
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D003470:Culture Media / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012643:Selenium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014168:Transferrin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D007328:Insulin; D014168:Transferrin; D020136:Hydrogel, Polyethylene Glycol Dimethacrylate; D012643:Selenium