title: Genetic linkage analysis supports the presence of two susceptibility loci for alcoholism and heavy drinking on chromosome 1p22.1-11.2 and 1q21.3-24.2.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In order to confirm a previous finding of linkage to alcoholism on chromosome 1 we have carried out a genetic linkage study.
  
  
  METHODS
  DNA from eighteen families, densely affected by alcoholism, was used to genotype a set of polymorphic microsatellite markers at loci approximately 10 centimorgans apart spanning the short arm and part of the long arm of chromosome 1. Linkage analyses were performed using the classical lod score and a model-free method. Three different definitions of affection status were defined, these were 1. Heavy Drinking (HD) where affected subjects drank more than the Royal College of Psychiatrists recommended weekly amount. 2. The Research Diagnostic Criteria for alcoholism (RDCA) 3. Alcohol Dependence Syndrome (ADS) as defined by Edwards and Gross (1976) and now incorporated into ICD10 and DSMIV.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Linkage analyses with the markers D1S1588, D1S2134, D1S1675 covering the cytogenetic region 1p22.1-11.2 all gave positive two point and multipoint lods with a maximum lod of 1.8 at D1S1588 (1p22.1) for the RDCA definition of alcoholism. Another lod of 1.8 was found with D1S1653 in the region 1q21.3-24.2 using the HD affection model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results both support the presence of linkage in the 1p22.1-11.2 region which was previously implicated by the USA Collaborative Study of the Genetics of Alcoholism (COGA) study and also suggest the presence of another susceptibility locus at 1q21.3-24.2.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Psychiatry Laboratory, Windeyer Institute for Medical Sciences, Department of Mental Health Sciences, Royal Free and University College London Medical School, 46 Cleveland Street, London, W1T 4JF, UK. i.guerrini@ucl.ac.uk <i.guerrini@ucl.ac.uk>
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Guerrini
authors.forename: Christopher C H
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kest
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Devitgh
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McQuillin
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Curtis
authors.forename: Hugh M D
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Gurling
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000235:genetics*; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000235:genetics*; D002878:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1; D005192:Family Health; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008126:Lod Score; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats
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