title: Color coding cancer cells with fluorescent proteins to visualize in vivo cellular interaction in metastatic colonies.
abstract: We report here in vivo visualization of cancer cell interaction using stable sublines of green fluorescent protein (GFP)- and red fluorescent protein (RFP)-expressing HT-1080 human fibrosarcoma cells. These color-coded fibrosarcoma cell lines show similar cell proliferation and lung metastasis potential. The color-coded cells were mixed at a ratio of 1:1 and were injected into the tail vein of severe combined immunodeficient (SCID) mice. The resulting experimental lung metastases were simultaneously imaged and their ratio was determined by color-pixel analysis. Fluorescence color coding of cancer cells enables visualization of the interaction of cancer cells and can be used to distinguish cancer cells of any genotype or phenotype.
authors.affiliation: AntiCancer, Inc., 7917 Ostrow Street, San Diego, CA 92111, USA.
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Mingxu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Kensuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: Katsuro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Moossa
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Hoffman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000502:physiology*; D048708:Cell Growth Processes / Q000502:physiology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005354:Fibrosarcoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000556:secondary; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000556:secondary*; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D000097573:Red Fluorescent Protein
chemical_list: D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D000097573:Red Fluorescent Protein