title: Effect of ultrasonic stimulation on mRNA abundance of uncoupling protein (UCP) 2 and UCP 3 in gastrocnemius muscle of rats.
abstract: 1. The hypothesis that ultrasonic stimulation upregulates uncoupling protein (UCP) 2 and UCP3 in gastrocnemius muscle by a different mechanism of exercise was investigated in Wister rats. 2. The ultrasnonic-stimulated group was given ultrasonic stimulation to the leg (1 MHz frequency, 1 W/cm2 intensity, 10 min continuously). 3. The exercise group was given exercise training by swimming for 10 min in plastic barrels filled with warm water. 4. After 3 h, rats were killed and the gastrocnemius muscle was removed rapidly, weighed and frozen in liquid nitrogen for real-time quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction analysis. 5. In gastrocnenius muscles of ultrasonic-stimulated rats, UCP3 mRNA abundance was significantly increased 3.6-fold and UCP2 mRNA abundance was significantly increased 2.2-fold compared with control rats. 6. In gastrocnenius muscles of exercised rats, UCP3 mRNA abundance was significantly increased 3.5-fold compared with control rats, but no change in UCP2 mRNA abundance was observed. 7. Plasma free fatty acid (FFA) levels were also significantly increased in the ultrasonic stimulation group, as well as the exercise group, compared with the control group. 8. These findings show that ultrasonic stimulation lipolyses subcutaneous fat into FFA and glycerol and upregulates UCP2 and UCP3 mRNA by a mechanism different to that of exercise.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamikyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan. akogure@koto.kpu-m.ac.jp
authors.forename: Akinori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kogure
authors.forename: Toshihide
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Yasuto
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takakura
authors.forename: Tsunekazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Umekawa
authors.forename: Chizuko
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hioki
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: Kanji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshimoto
authors.forename: Toshikazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005990:Glycerol / Q000378:metabolism; D007473:Ion Channels; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014465:Ultrasonics; D000071246:Uncoupling Protein 2; D000071247:Uncoupling Protein 3; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007473:Ion Channels; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C000604391:Ucp2 protein, rat; C000604394:Ucp3 protein, rat; D000071246:Uncoupling Protein 2; D000071247:Uncoupling Protein 3; D005990:Glycerol