title: [Extended hemodynamic monitoring using transpulmonary thermodilution Influence of various factors on the accuracy of the estimation of intrathoracic blood volume and extravascular lung water in critically ill patients].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The transpulmonary thermal-dye dilution (TDD) is the clinical gold standard for measurement of intrathoracic blood volume (ITBV) and extravascular lung water (EVLW). Recently, experimental and clinical studies found that ITBV and EVLW can be derived reliably by single transpulmonary thermodilution (TD), however, dependency from various factors of lung function has been discussed.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively analyzed data from 174 critically ill patients who had undergone hemodynamic monitoring by TDD. We calculated the differences of simultaneous TD and TDD determined by ITBV or EVLW measurements. Bias and standard deviations (SD) were calculated and extended Bland-Altman regression analyses were performed. Association of the differences and the potential confounders gender, age, PEEP, p(a)O(2)/F(I)O(2) ratio and the corresponding TDD measurement were analyzed by multiple linear regression and LOWESS regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall results (bias+/-SD) were 1+/-58 ml/m(2) for ITBV and 0.0+/-1.4 ml/kg bw for EVLW, but TD overestimated TDD results in patients with higher ITBV and underestimated those for lower ITBV values. The deviations were small, and the dependence of ITBV could be explained completely by dependence on PEEP and age. However, low values of EVLW are overestimated by TD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Single transpulmonary thermodilution for estimation of ITBV or EVLW is reliable in patients with severe lung injury for normal and higher values.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Jena.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wegscheider
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Sakka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000465:Algorithms; D001811:Blood Volume Determination / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016638:Critical Illness; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D015633:Extravascular Lung Water / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods*; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013815:Thermodilution / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D007202:Indicators and Reagents
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