title: Salvage operations of free tissue transfer following internal jugular venous thrombosis: a review of 4 cases.
abstract: The internal jugular vein (IJV) is used as the optimal recipient for free-tissue transfer in reconstruction following modified radical neck dissection. Some reports documented rare cases of flap compromise following IJV thrombosis, but large sample studies are few. We present cases of emergent exploration and an analysis of factors to improve salvage rates of compromise due to IJV thrombosis. From a survey of 756 patients, four developed congestion due to IJV thrombosis and returned to the operating room. A restrospective analysis was made from the case records. This represents a rate of 0.5% for the entire series. Three flaps survived,and one failed. Detection of compromise ranged from 7-25 h postoperatively. All four IJVs recovered to provide adequate drainage after thrombectomy. While flap compromise following IJV thrombosis is rare, careful observation and early exploration are crucial for salvage, as in other microvascular venous crises.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Tokai University School of Medicine, Isehara-shi, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Muneo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyasaka
authors.forename: Kota
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Akihisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Taira
authors.forename: Kotaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Imagawa
authors.forename: Ryuzaburo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tanino
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007601:Jugular Veins; D008297:Male; D008866:Microsurgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D037981:Neck Dissection; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000098:blood supply*; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D016378:Tissue Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery