title: Statistical design of experiments: study of cross-linking process through the phase-resolved photoacoustic method as a multivariable response.
abstract: This work presents an add-on result of cross-linking using photoacoustic spectroscopy (PAS) phases in a multivariable process using the phase-resolved photoacoustic (PRPA) method. The method is tested to separate contributions from groupings -OH, -CH(2)-, -CH(3), and Si-OH overtones in the range from 700 to 2600 nm. Samples of the copolymers ethylene vinyltrimethoxysilane (EVS) and grafted vinyltrimethoxysilane (VTS) on low-density polyethylene (LDPE) were prepared having concentrations (C) of 3, 5, and 7% of catalyst and temperatures (T) of 70, 80, and 90 degrees C. By considering the condensation reaction, the reduction of -OH groups is monitored. The PRPA analysis was carried out using the surface response methodology and results indicated the optimum point for both answers (signal and phase-resolved) and for both factors of interest (C, T). For the copolymers, it was found that C approximately (5.00 +/- 1.14)% and T approximately (82.4 +/- 4.3) degrees C, while for grafted LDPE PE(g) it was found that C approximately (4.92 +/- 0.85)% and T approximately (80.8 +/- 2.5) degrees C. These results agreed with the chemical analysis for gel content, which showed as the optimum point 5% of catalyst and temperature of 80 degrees C. Further, it is an advantage that the photoacoustic method allows one to per- form a nondestructive analysis.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Av. Colombo 5790, 87020-900, Maringá-PR, Brazil.
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Medina
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Baesso
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Bento
mesh_terms: D000162:Acoustics; D000465:Algorithms; D020650:Combinatorial Chemistry Techniques; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D007834:Lasers; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011108:Polymers / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012107:Research Design; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013057:Spectrum Analysis / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D011108:Polymers