title: Constitutive activation of phosphatidyl-inositide 3 kinase contributes to the survival of Hodgkin's lymphoma cells through a mechanism involving Akt kinase and mTOR.
abstract: The molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of the malignant Hodgkin's/Reed-Sternberg (HRS) cells of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) are largely unknown. This study investigates the contribution of phosphatidyl-inositide 3 kinase (PI3-kinase) and demonstrates that Akt, a substrate of PI3-kinase, is constitutively activated in HL-derived cell lines. Several downstream effectors of Akt signalling, including glycogen synthase kinase 3 (GSK-3) alpha and beta and mTOR substrates 4E-BP1 and p70 S6 kinase, were also phosphorylated in HL cells. The mTOR inhibitor, rapamycin, inhibited phosphorylation of these proteins. Furthermore, LY294002 inhibited phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase and 4E-BP1, suggesting that the phosphorylation of p70 S6 kinase and 4E-BP1 in HL cells is PI3-kinase dependent. Importantly, HRS cells of primary tumour samples not only expressed high levels of activated Akt but also displayed phosphorylation of downstream targets of Akt activation including GSK-3, 4E-BP1, and p70 S6 Kinase. Inhibition of PI3-kinase and mTOR showed only modest effects on cell survival at the lower serum concentrations. However, rapamycin and doxorubicin acted synergistically to reduce HL cell survival. A combination of rapamycin and chemotherapy should be investigated in the treatment of HL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dutton
authors.forename: Gary M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: Christopher W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: Lawrence S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Paul G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Murray
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa / Q000378:metabolism; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000494:pharmacology; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002867:Chromones; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3; D009025:Morpholines; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011494:Protein Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa; D020123:Sirolimus; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; C087000:EIF4EBP1 protein, human; C085911:2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; C546842:MTOR protein, human; C494918:AKT1 protein, human