title: Immunogenicity of a locally produced Newcastle disease I-2 thermostable vaccine in chickens in Uganda.
abstract: A locally-produced Newcastle disease (ND) I-2 thermostable vaccine of embryo-infective dose (EID50) 10(8.5) per ml was administered to 100 laboratory chickens in four test groups, each of 25 birds. It was given by the eye-drop method, in drinking water, in drinking water freshly medicated with levamisole, or using millet grains as a vaccine carrier. A fifth control group consisting of 25 birds received the heat-sensitive La Sota vaccine (EID50 10(9) per ml) by the eye-drop method. The immunological responses were monitored by the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) ND antibody technique using serum samples collected from 18 birds in each group at 3-week intervals for 3 months. The overall mean ND antibody log(10) titres and percentage positivities were 3.1, 88%; 2.9, 70%; 3.0, 83%; 3.2, 87% and 3.3, 87%, respectively. The use of water alone or medicated with levamisole for vaccine administration produced significantly lower ND antibody titres only in the first 3 weeks. The immunogenicity shown by the I-2 vaccine as a potential vaccine is discussed in relation to free-range poultry management conditions in Uganda.
authors.affiliation: Livestock Health Research Institute, P.O. Box 96, Tororo, Uganda. jamesillango@yahoo.com
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Illango
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Olaho-Mukani
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mukiibi-Muka
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Abila
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Etoori
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002645:Chickens; D004326:Drinking; D004333:Drug Administration Routes / Q000662:veterinary; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D007978:Levamisole / Q000494:pharmacology; D009521:Newcastle Disease / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000276:immunology*; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D014454:Uganda; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D014765:Viral Vaccines; D007978:Levamisole
references.citation: Vet Microbiol. 1995 Sep;46(1-3):55-62
references.pmid: 8545979
references.citation: Aust Vet J. 1970 Nov;46(11):540-1
references.pmid: 5486969
references.citation: Vet Microbiol. 1999 Aug 16;68(1-2):127-30
references.pmid: 10501169
references.citation: Trop Anim Health Prod. 1982 Nov;14(4):201-4
references.pmid: 7157477
references.citation: Aust Vet J. 1981 Jun;57(6):277-80
references.pmid: 7316892
references.citation: Avian Pathol. 1998;27(6):562-5
references.pmid: 18484044
references.citation: Trop Anim Health Prod. 1993 Feb;25(1):11-4
references.pmid: 8385372
references.citation: Bull Epizoot Dis Afr. 1968 Dec;16(4):429-54
references.pmid: 5753462