title: Clinical characteristics and mechanism of liver damage in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Abnormal liver function was found in patients with severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS). This study was undertaken to explore the clinical characteristics and mechanisms of liver damage.
  
  
  METHODS
  The serial laboratory data of liver function test and hepatic histological examination from 168 patients with SARS were retrospectively analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The abnormalities of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT) were 52.5%, 71.8%, 85.7% and 85.2%. The average levels of ALT of the patients were 56.07+/-51.57 U/L, 86.46+/-69.93 U/L, 106.69+/-102.50 U/L and 111.32+/-160.24 U/L, and the average levels of serum albumin were 37.25+/-5.37 g/L, 35.82+/-4.74 g/L, 34.49+/-5.04 g/L, and 34.26+/-4.70 g/L, at the day of admission, the first week, second week, and third week after hospitalization, respectively. Significant correlation was not shown among liver damage, blood oxygen saturation (SaO2), degree of fever, and immune functional disorder in this study. Hepatic histological examination of 4 patients demonstrated that non-specific inflammation existed in the liver.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Liver damage of patients with SARS usually occurs in the early stage of the disease with a high occurrence rate and a prolonged profile, which can be characterized by early, obvious decrease of albumin levels and slightly abnormal levels of ALT. The liver damage induced by SARS seems to be caused by SARS virus directly rather than by low SaO2 or high fever. Hepatotoxic drugs may play a role in increasing the severity of liver damage or prolonging the time of liver function recovery.
authors.affiliation: Guangzhou No.8 People's Hospital, Guangzhou 510060, China. yangzhangz@21cn.com
authors.forename: Zhang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jun-Qing
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Wei-Dong
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Jia
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000032:analysis; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D015994:Incidence; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D045473:Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D045169:Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017678:Sex Distribution; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000410:Alanine Transaminase