title: Appearance of a ventricular 5-HT4 receptor-mediated inotropic response to serotonin in heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Current pharmacological treatment of congestive heart failure (CHF) addresses changes in neurohumoral stimulation or cardiac responsiveness to such stimulation. Yet, undiscovered neurohumoral changes, adaptive or maladaptive, may occur in CHF and suggest novel pharmacological treatment. Serotonin [5-hydroxytryptamine (5-HT)] enhances contractility and causes arrhythmias through 5-HT(4) receptors in human atrium and ventricle but not through rat ventricular 5-HT(4) receptors.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether CHF could induce ventricular responsiveness to serotonin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Postinfarction CHF was induced in male Wistar rats by coronary artery ligation. Contractility was measured in left ventricular papillary muscles 6 weeks after infarction. Messenger RNA was quantified by RT-PCR and cAMP by RIA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serotonin caused positive inotropic (-logEC(50)=7.5) and lusitropic effects in CHF but not Sham papillary muscles. The inotropic effect of 10 muM serotonin in CHF (31.3+/-2.2%) was of similar size as the effect of 10 muM isoproterenol (34.0+/-1.7%). The effects of serotonin were antagonised by GR113808 (0.5-5 nM), consistent with mediation through 5-HT(4) receptors. This was further supported by positive inotropic effects of the 5-HT(4)-selective partial agonist RS67506. Carbachol blunted the serotonin responses and serotonin increased ventricular and cardiomyocyte cAMP, consistent with coupling to G(s) and adenylyl cyclase. Quantitative RT-PCR revealed fourfold increased 5-HT(4(b)) mRNA expression in CHF vs. Sham ventricles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Functional ventricular 5-HT(4) receptors are induced by myocardial infarction and CHF of the rat heart. We propose that they are a model for ventricular 5-HT(4) receptors of human failing heart and may play a pathophysiological role in heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Oslo, 0316 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Eirik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Qvigstad
authors.forename: Trond
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Brattelid
authors.forename: Ivar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sjaastad
authors.forename: Kjetil Wessel
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Andressen
authors.forename: Kurt A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Krobert
authors.forename: Jon Arne
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Birkeland
authors.forename: Ole M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Sejersted
authors.forename: Alberto J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Kaumann
authors.forename: Tor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Skomedal
authors.forename: Jan-Bjørn
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Osnes
authors.forename: Finn Olav
authors.initials: FO
authors.lastname: Levy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism; D010210:Papillary Muscles / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D044422:Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012701:Serotonin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D007211:Indoles; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D017366:Serotonin Receptor Agonists; D013449:Sulfonamides; D044422:Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT4; C107556:RS 67506; D012701:Serotonin; D000242:Cyclic AMP; C082871:GR 113808