title: Inhibition of protein synthesis by Y box-binding protein 1 blocks oncogenic cell transformation.
abstract: The multifunctional Y box-binding protein 1 (YB-1) is transcriptionally repressed by the oncogenic phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) pathway (with P3K as an oncogenic homolog of the catalytic subunit) and, when reexpressed with the retroviral vector RCAS, interferes with P3K- and Akt-induced transformation of chicken embryo fibroblasts. Retrovirally expressed YB-1 binds to the cap of mRNAs and inhibits cap-dependent and cap-independent translation. To determine the requirements for the inhibitory role of YB-1 in P3K-induced transformation, we conducted a mutational analysis, measuring YB-1-induced interference with transformation, subcellular localization, cap binding, mRNA binding, homodimerization, and inhibition of translation. The results show that (i) interference with transformation requires RNA binding and a C-terminal domain that is distinct from the cytoplasmic retention domain, (ii) interference with transformation is tightly correlated with inhibition of translation, and (iii) masking of mRNAs by YB-1 is not sufficient to block transformation or to inhibit translation. We identified a noncanonical nuclear localization signal (NLS) in the C-terminal half of YB-1. A mutant lacking the NLS retains its ability to interfere with transformation, indicating that a nuclear function is not required. These results suggest that YB-1 interferes with P3K-induced transformation by a specific inhibition of translation through its RNA-binding domain and a region in the C-terminal domain. Potential functions of the C-terminal region are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, 10550 North Torrey Pines Rd., BCC239, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. andreas@scripps.edu
authors.forename: Andreas G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Bader
authors.forename: Peter K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Vogt
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002642:Chick Embryo; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000737:chemistry; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D051839:NFI Transcription Factors; D019913:Nuclear Localization Signals / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics; D017384:Sequence Deletion / Q000235:genetics; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D051840:Y-Box-Binding Protein 1
chemical_list: D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D003513:Cycloheximide; D051839:NFI Transcription Factors; D019913:Nuclear Localization Signals; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051840:Y-Box-Binding Protein 1
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