title: Context-dependency of cue-elicited urge to smoke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Earlier studies have suggested that the cue-induced urge to smoke depends on the expectation of the availability of smoking. The present study investigated whether a 'room context' change could undo the learned discrimination between two stimuli, respectively, predicting smoking availability or smoking unavailability.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 2 (smoking cue) x 2 (availability context cue) x 6 (trial) x 2 (room context change) within-subjects design was used. Participants were repeatedly presented with a context cue predicting smoking availability (blue serving tray) and a context cue predicting unavailability (yellow serving tray) in one room and tested for an effect of context change in a different room.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two distinct rooms located in different department buildings of Maastricht University.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen daily smokers who had smoked at least five cigarettes a day for at least 2 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Self-reported urge to smoke using a visual analogue scale (VAS).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results replicated the finding that a context cue that predicted smoking elicited greater urges to smoke than a context cue that predicted no smoking, irrespective of the presence of smoking cues. In addition, this study showed that this differential effect on the urge to smoke was generalized to a context other than the context in which learning took place. These findings are discussed in relation to the significance of a context change regarding the predictive value of smoking availability.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical, Clinical and Experimental Psychology, Maastricht University, The Netherlands. r.thewissen@psychology.unimaas.nl
authors.forename: Roy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Thewissen
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van den Hout
authors.forename: Remco C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Havermans
authors.forename: Anita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jansen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003214:Conditioning, Classical; D003463:Cues; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D000074606:Smoking Prevention