Capillary electrochromatography of caffeine and its metabolites in rat brain microdialysate.
A capillary electrochromatography (CEC) method has been developed for the separation of caffeine and its two metabolites 1-methylxanthine (1-MX) and 1,7-dimethylxanthine (1,7-DX). The stationary phase was 3-(1,8-naphthalimido) propyl-modified silyl silica gel (NAIP) and the best separations were achieved with 4.0 mM citrate buffer (pH 5.0) containing 80% methanol at an applied voltage of 25 kV. The compounds were completely separated in less than 3.5 min with good repeatability, which was approximately 3-times less than that in high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) with NAIP. The proposed method coupled with microdialysis was successfully applied to the monitoring of caffeine concentration in rat brain with detection limits of 1.11 microg/mL.
Ohyama
Kaname
K
Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
Wada
Mitsuhiro
M
Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
Lord
Gwyn A
GA
MRC Bioanalytical Science Group, School of Biological &Chemical Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK.
Ohba
Yoshihito
Y
Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
Nakashima
Mihoko N
MN
Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
Nakashima
Kenichiro
K
Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
Akiyama
Shuzo
S
Department of Applied Physics and Chemistry, Fukui University of Technology, Fukui, Japan.
Lim
Chang Kee
CK
MRC Bioanalytical Science Group, School of Biological &Chemical Sciences, Birkbeck, University of London, London, UK.
Kuroda
Naotaka
N
Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Course of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nagasaki University, Nagasaki, Japan.
D000818:Animals; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002021:Buffers; D002110:Caffeine / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism*; D020374:Chromatography, Micellar Electrokinetic Capillary / Q000379:methods*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D000432:Methanol; D017551:Microdialysis; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
C498079:3-(1,8-naphthalimido)propyl-modified silica gel; D002021:Buffers; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D002110:Caffeine; D000432:Methanol
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