title: Development of an improved analytical method for the determination of carcinogenic polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in transformer oil.
abstract: Polynuclear aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are natural constituents of transformer oils and are essential in prolonging transformer in-service lifetime. Issues concerning PAH carcinogenicity demand methods that provide qualitative and quantitative information on the PAH composition of new and in-service oils to allow informed operational decisions to be made. However, current analytical methods focus on PAH fingerprinting, as opposed to quantitative analysis and are also cumbersome, relying on the use of large (>100 ml) volumes of organic solvents, some of which are hazardous. This paper reports a method for the improved quantification of carcinogenic PAHs in transformer oils that is both simple and repeatable. The method uses commercially available solid-phase extraction columns and millilitre volumes of relatively non-hazardous solvents. Extraction efficiencies of > or =74% were obtained for the Environmental Protection Agency priority PAHs. The method has potential for automation and high-throughput analysis and thus is of interest to industries that use transformer oils.
authors.affiliation: Cranfield Centre for Analytical Science, Cranfield University, Silsoe, Beds MK45 4DT, UK.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pillai
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ritchie
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Heywood
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pahlavanpour
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Setford
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saini
mesh_terms: D002273:Carcinogens / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D009821:Oils / Q000737:chemistry*; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D009821:Oils; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds