title: Expression patterns of cell cycle components in sporadic and neurofibromatosis type 1-related malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors.
abstract: The molecular biology underlying the development of highly malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumors (MPNSTs) remains mostly unknown. In the present study, the expression pattern of 10 selected cell cycle components is investigated in a series of 15 MPNSTs from patients with (n = 9) or without (n = 5) neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1). Thirteen tumors did not express the cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor, p16(INK4A), an observation that was related to homozygote gene deletions in three tumors, heterozygote deletions in five, and gross gene rearrangements in five. The absence of protein expression in the tumors with one seemingly intact allele was not caused by promoter hypermethylation of p16(INK4A) or p14(ARF). All tumor samples expressed normal sized RB1, cyclin D3, CDK2, CDK4, p21(CIP1), and p27(KlP1) proteins, and only a single tumor showed an aberrant protein band for one of these proteins, p21(CIP1). Cyclin D1 was absent in four tumors; all except one tumor showed expression of TP53 protein, and three of nine MPNSTs had expression of normal-sized MDM2. In conclusion, this study shows that the vast majority of MPNSTs had gross rearrangements of the p16(INK4A) gene, explaining the absence of the encoded protein in the same tumors. The level of expression was equally distributed between the familial (NF1) and sporadic cases, although it should be noted that the 2 cases with p16(INK4A) expression were sporadic. The data imply that the complete absence of p16(INK4A) is sufficient for activation of the cell cycle in most MPNSTs; thus, it is not necessary for tumor proliferation to further stimulate the cycle through alteration of other central components.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genetics, Institute for Cancer Research, Norwegian Radium Hospital, Montebello, 0310 Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Trude Holmeide
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Agesen
authors.forename: Vivi Ann
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Flørenes
authors.forename: Willemina M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Molenaar
authors.forename: Guro E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Lind
authors.forename: Jeanne-Marie
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Berner
authors.forename: Boudewijn E C
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Plaat
authors.forename: Rudy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Komdeur
authors.forename: Ola
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Myklebost
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: van den Berg
authors.forename: Ragnhild A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Lothe
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002453:Cell Cycle; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018317:Nerve Sheath Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009456:Neurofibromatosis 1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53