title: AANA journal course: Update for nurse anesthetists--part 6--The long-term use of opiates for pain control: Laputa revisited?
abstract: Research seeking to resolve issues regarding the use of opiate analgesia in treating non-cancer-related chronic pain is confusing. In caring for a patient experiencing pain, the relief of pain is the primary objective. Yet a number of significant concerns arise when evaluating and using opiates on a long-term basis. Specifc and measurable outcomes of functionality are available to guide use; attention to these may help to significantly improve outcome of long-term opiate therapy. This course provides an evidence-based approach to selecting and using opiates in the management of chronic, non-cancer-related pain, critiquing the appropriateness of the associated intervention(s).
authors.affiliation: Department of Nurse Anesthesia, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA, USA.
authors.forename: Biddle
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chuck
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000266:history / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D016903:Drug Monitoring; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D009293:Opioid-Related Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D010347:Patient Care Planning
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid