Redistribution of glucose from skeletal muscle to adipose tissue during catch-up fat: a link between catch-up growth and later metabolic syndrome.
Catch-up growth, a risk factor for later obesity, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular diseases, is characterized by hyperinsulinemia and an accelerated rate for recovering fat mass, i.e., catch-up fat. To identify potential mechanisms in the link between hyperinsulinemia and catch-up fat during catch-up growth, we studied the in vivo action of insulin on glucose utilization in skeletal muscle and adipose tissue in a previously described rat model of weight recovery exhibiting catch-up fat caused by suppressed thermogenesis per se. To do this, we used euglycemic-hyperinsulinemic clamps associated with the labeled 2-deoxy-glucose technique. After 1 week of isocaloric refeeding, when body fat, circulating free fatty acids, or intramyocellular lipids in refed animals had not yet exceeded those of controls, insulin-stimulated glucose utilization in refed animals was lower in skeletal muscles (by 20-43%) but higher in white adipose tissues (by two- to threefold). Furthermore, fatty acid synthase activity was higher in adipose tissues from refed animals than from fed controls. These results suggest that suppressed thermogenesis for the purpose of sparing glucose for catch-up fat, via the coordinated induction of skeletal muscle insulin resistance and adipose tissue insulin hyperresponsiveness, might be a central event in the link between catch-up growth, hyperinsulinemia and risks for later metabolic syndrome.
Cettour-Rose
Philippe
P
Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Geneva, Switzerland.
Samec
Sonia
S
Russell
Aaron P
AP
Summermatter
Serge
S
Mainieri
Davide
D
Carrillo-Theander
Claudia
C
Montani
Jean-Pierre
JP
Seydoux
Josiane
J
Rohner-Jeanrenaud
Françoise
F
Dulloo
Abdul G
AG
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000502:physiology; D001823:Body Composition; D001835:Body Weight; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000378:metabolism; D005508:Food Deprivation / Q000502:physiology; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006128:Growth; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases; D005947:Glucose