title: Lipid mobilization with physiological atrial natriuretic peptide concentrations in humans.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Atrial natriuretic peptide (ANP) in pharmacological concentrations stimulates lipid mobilization in humans.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to determine the hemodynamic and metabolic response to physiologically relevant ANP concentrations.
  
  
  METHODS
  The design was a human physiological study, conducted in 2004.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted at an academic research institute.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen healthy normal-weight men (30 +/- 1.2 yr) participated in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intravenous infusion of human ANP (h-ANP) was administered at rates of 6.25, 12.5, and 25 ng/kg.min.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied local changes in blood flow and glucose and lipid metabolism of abdominal sc adipose tissue and femoral skeletal muscle by microdialysis. Overall changes in energy expenditure and substrate oxidation rates were monitored by indirect calorimetry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The increase in serum nonesterified fatty acids and glycerol concentrations were correlated with ANP plasma concentrations (r(2) = 0.86 and r(2) = 0.76, respectively). In adipose tissue, glycerol increased from 53 +/- 6 micromol/liter to 87+/-13 micromol/liter (P < 0.001). In femoral skeletal muscle, glycerol concentrations did not change, whereas lactate-to-pyruvate ratio decreased from 91 +/- 23 to 32 +/- 4 (P < 0.001). Indirect calorimetry indicated an increase in lipid oxidation (P < 0.05) concomitantly with a decrease in carbohydrate oxidation (P < 0.01), without changes in overall energy expenditure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ANP briskly stimulates lipid mobilization and oxidation at plasma concentrations that are encountered in conditions such as heart failure. Natriuretic-peptide induced lipid mobilization might contribute to cardiac cachexia. Drugs that interfere with the natriuretic peptide system should be evaluated for potential metabolic side effects.
authors.affiliation: Franz-Volhard Clinical Research Center, Haus 129, Charité Campus Buch, Wiltbergstrasse 50, 13125 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Birkenfeld
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boschmann
authors.forename: Cedric
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moro
authors.forename: Frauke
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Heusser
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Franke
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berlan
authors.forename: Friedrich C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Luft
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lafontan
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jordan
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D000431:Ethanol / Q000097:blood; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D008053:Lipid Mobilization / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012016:Reference Values; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007773:Lactates; D014280:Triglycerides; D000431:Ethanol; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor