title: Influence of fluid therapy on gentamicin pharmacokinetics in colic horses.
abstract: The aminoglycoside antibiotic gentamicin is commonly used in equine medicine for the prevention and treatment of Gram-negative and staphylococcal bacteria in surgically treated colic patients. The pharmacokinetics of gentamicin in these patients might be altered by the disease status, and/or under the influence of fluid therapy. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of intravenous fluid treatment on gentamicin kinetics in colic patients. Colic patients subjected to laparotomy were given fluid infusions according to clinical status. Following gentamicin administration, blood samples were taken for gentamicin analysis at different time points, and the main pharmacokinetic parameters including Vc, Vss, t(1/2) and MRT were calculated. Horses undergoing fluid therapy showed a significantly different t(1/2), clearance and MRT as compared to non-infused patients. However, taking into account the clinical status of the patients receiving fluid support, the data suggest that endotoxaemia, rather than fluid therapy, influence gentamicin pharmacokinetics following laparotomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Equine Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Utrecht University, Yalelaan 12, 3584 CM Utrecht, The Netherlands. m.r.vanderHarst@vet.uu.nl
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: van der Harst
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bull
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Laffont
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Klein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D003085:Colic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy / Q000662:veterinary; D005440:Fluid Therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D006736:Horses; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005839:Gentamicins
references.citation: Surgery. 2001 May;129(5):559-66
references.pmid: 11331448
references.citation: Eur J Pharmacol. 2001 Jul 13;424(1):75-83
references.pmid: 11470263
references.citation: J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 2001 Jun;24(3):237-40
references.pmid: 11442805
references.citation: J Pharmacokinet Biopharm. 1978 Apr;6(2):165-75
references.pmid: 671222
references.citation: Aust Vet J. 1988 Jul;65(7):197-8
references.pmid: 3048237
references.citation: Equine Vet J. 1992 Nov;24(6):475-9
references.pmid: 1459063
references.citation: Clin Pharmacokinet. 2001;40(11):833-68
references.pmid: 11735605
references.citation: Exp Nephrol. 2000 Jul-Oct;8(4-5):275-82
references.pmid: 10940727
references.citation: J Pharmacobiodyn. 1981 Nov;4(11):879-85
references.pmid: 7328489
references.citation: J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1986 Oct 1;189(7):784-9
references.pmid: 3771340
references.citation: Am J Vet Res. 1993 Oct;54(10):1758-64
references.pmid: 8250404
references.citation: J Chemother. 2001 Oct;13(5):461-72
references.pmid: 11760211
references.citation: J Vet Pharmacol Ther. 1998 Jun;21(3):247-9
references.pmid: 9673967
references.citation: J Pharm Sci. 1982 Apr;71(4):474-5
references.pmid: 7086666
references.citation: J Immunol. 2002 Jun 1;168(11):5817-23
references.pmid: 12023385
references.citation: Life Sci. 1997;60(6):413-24
references.pmid: 9031688
references.citation: J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1982 Mar 15;180(6):648-51
references.pmid: 7068505
references.citation: J Am Vet Med Assoc. 1999 Aug 15;215(4):503-6
references.pmid: 10461634
references.citation: Am J Vet Res. 1983 Sep;44(9):1746-9
references.pmid: 6354019