title: Live three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiographic demonstration of septal perforator coronary artery-left ventricle fistulas following myectomy.
abstract: We present an adult patient with hypertrophic cardiomyopathy status post septal myectomy in whom live three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (3D TTE) demonstrated two septal perforator coronary arteries opening directly into the left-ventricular outflow tract. Only one of these fistulas could be demonstrated by two-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (2D TTE). Our case demonstrates the potential usefulness of 3D TTE as a supplement to 2D TTE in the assessment of septal coronary artery-left ventricle fistulas.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama, USA.
authors.forename: Vinod
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Navin C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Nanda
authors.forename: Srinivas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vengala
authors.forename: Farhat
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mehmood
authors.forename: Ebenezer
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Frans
authors.forename: Kunal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bodiwala
authors.forename: Shailendra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Upendram
mesh_terms: D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000601:surgery; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004452:Echocardiography; D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006346:Heart Septum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016157:Vascular Fistula / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*