title: Chemotherapy for advanced non-small cell lung cancer patients with performance status 2.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A beneficial role for palliative chemotherapy in patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer and a good performance status (ECOG 0 or 1) is now well established. In this article, we focus on the available literature for patients with a PS of 2, in whom a role for chemotherapy has yet to be defined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the past, the results of randomized trials of comparative standard platinum-based combination chemotherapy regimens have demonstrated inferior survival rates in PS 2 patients compared with those with PS 0 or 1. Consequently, a general view has emerged that the side effects of treatment outweigh the benefits, and chemotherapy has not been recommended as a standard of care. Although few studies have been designed specifically for PS 2 patients, gemcitabine, vinorelbine or taxane monotherapy, dose-attenuated platinum combination regimens, and epidermal growth factor receptor inhibitors may provide a clinical benefit with less toxicity. For example, although the median survival of PS 2 patients treated with best supportive care is 2-3 months, chemotherapy regimens are associated with median survivals ranging from 4 to 6 months. These data provide encouragement to revisit the role of chemotherapy in this group of patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is potential with cytotoxic treatment to improve the palliative options for PS 2 patients with advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Further trials designed specifically for PS 2 patients that include measurement of symptoms, quality of life, and survival and toxicity are required to define the most active but least toxic regimens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Christie Hospital NHS Trust, Manchester, UK. Fiona.Blackhall@christie-tr.nwest.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Fiona H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Blackhall
authors.forename: Jaishree
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bhosle
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Thatcher
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D066246:ErbB Receptors