title: In vivo confocal microstructural analysis of corneal endothelial changes in a patient on long-term chlorpromazine therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Deposits in the cornea and lens are a known complication of long-term chlorpromazine therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 59-year-old woman had previously taken chlorpromazine for 20 years with doses up to 1,200 mg/day, with a mean dose of 400 mg/day. She presented with gradual onset of blurred vision in her left eye. Slit-lamp biomicroscopy revealed multiple fine creamy-white deposits on her corneal endothelium and anterior crystalline lens capsule bilaterally.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In vivo confocal microscopy of the cornea identified irregular hyper-reflective deposits on the posterior surface of the endothelium. The deposits varied from 1 microm to 70 microm in diameter and had well-defined edges. Endothelial morphology was otherwise normal bilaterally.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first report of in vivo confocal imaging of deposits resulting from long-term chlorpromazine use. Microstructural analysis of the corneal endothelium reveals that there were no abnormalities in cellular morphology resulting from these deposits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92019 Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Yun Shan
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Phua
authors.forename: Dipika V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Charles N J
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: McGhee
mesh_terms: D002746:Chlorpromazine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003316:Corneal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004728:Endothelium, Corneal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D002746:Chlorpromazine
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