title: A technique for the measurement of renal ATP in a large animal model of septic shock.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The mechanisms responsible for acute renal failure in sepsis are not understood. Measurement of tissue ATP might help to understand this process but, in the large animal, it is hampered by major technical difficulties.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To develop a technique to monitor ATP in the kidney of a large mammal during the induction of septic shock and then circulatory arrest.
  
  
  METHODS
  Implantation of a custom-made phosphorus coil around the left kidney. Induction of septic shock by intravenous E. coli administration. Acquisition of 31 P magnetic resonance (MR) spectroscopic data at 3-tesla before and during septic shock over several hours. Induction of euthanasia and measurement of the same 31 P signal immediately and thirty minutes after circulatory arrest.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clear reproducible 31 P MR spectra were obtained before and after the induction of septic shock and euthanasia. They indicated limited changes in ATP during septic shock. An expected rapid and dramatic decrease in ATP occurred with euthanasia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is possible to sequentially monitor renal bioenergetics in a large mammal during septic shock using an implanted custom-made phosphorus coil and 3-tesla MR technology. This technique offers a novel approach to the investigation of septic renal failure.
authors.affiliation: Howard Florey Institute, University of Melbourne, Parkville, Australia.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Wellard
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pell
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bellomo
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D016470:Bacteremia / Q000382:microbiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000295:instrumentation; D010725:Phosphocreatine / Q000032:analysis; D010759:Phosphorus Isotopes; D012756:Sheep; D012769:Shock / Q000378:metabolism; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D013873:Thionucleotides / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D010759:Phosphorus Isotopes; D013873:Thionucleotides; C017817:adenosine 5'-(1-thio)triphosphate; D010725:Phosphocreatine; C022571:adenosine 5'-O-(3-thiotriphosphate); C022570:adenosine 5'-O-(2-thiotriphosphate); D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate