Uterine restoration after repeated sloughing of fibroids or vaginal expulsion following uterine artery embolization.
The aim of our study is to present our experience with uterine restoration after repeated sloughing of uterine fibroids or transvaginal expulsion following uterine artery embolization (UAE) and to determine its safety and outcome. One hundred and twenty-four women (mean age, 40.3 years; age range, 29-52 years) with symptomatic uterine fibroids were included in this retrospective study. We performed arterial embolization with poly(vinyl alcohol) particles (250-710 microm). Clinical symptoms and follow-up information for each patient were obtained through medical records. At an average of 3.5 months (range, 1-8 months) after embolization, magnetic resonance imaging examinations with T1- and T2-weighted and gadolinium-enhanced T1-weighted images were obtained for all patients. The mean follow-up duration was 120 days (90-240 days). Eight (6.5%) patients experienced uterine restoration after repeated sloughing of uterine fibroids or spontaneous transvaginal expulsion. The locations of the leiomyomas were submucosal (n=5), intramural (n=2) and transmural (n=1). The maximum diameter of the fibroids ranged from 3.5 to 18.0 cm, with a mean of 8.4 cm. The time interval from embolization to the uterine restoration was 7-150 days (mean 70.5 days). The clinical symptoms before and during vaginal sloughing or expulsion were lower abdominal pain (n=4), vaginal discharges (n=3), infection of necrotic myomas (n=2) and cramping abdominal pain (n=1). Gentle abdominal compression (n=1) and hysteroscopic assistance (n=1) were required to remove the whole fibroid. No other clinical sequelae, either early or delayed, were documented. Magnetic resonance images revealed the disappearance of leiomyomas, intracavitary rupture resulting in transformation of intramural or transmural myomas into submucosal myomas and localized uterine wall defects. Although the small size of this study precludes a strict conclusion, there appear to be few serious complications directly related to vaginal expulsion. Vaginal expulsion or fibroid sloughing is a possible course following UAE that is manageable, and the patients should be informed about this possibility.
Park
Hye Ri
HR
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Bundang CHA General Hospital, Pochon CHA University, 351 Yatap-dong, Bundang-gu, Sungnam-si, Kyonggi-do, 463-712, Republic of Korea.
Kim
Man Deuk
MD
Kim
Nack Keun
NK
Kim
Hee Jin
HJ
Yoon
Sang-Wook
SW
Park
Won Kyu
WK
Lee
Mee Hwa
MH
D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000209:etiology; D000328:Adult; D001158:Arteries; D003287:Contrast Media; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005682:Gadolinium; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000628:therapy*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008536:Meglumine; D008875:Middle Aged; D009336:Necrosis; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012449:Safety; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D014599:Uterus / Q000098:blood supply*; D019522:Vaginal Discharge / Q000209:etiology
D003287:Contrast Media; D006490:Hemostatics; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D008536:Meglumine; D011142:Polyvinyl Alcohol; D005682:Gadolinium; C072417:gadoterate meglumine
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