Small-diameter blood vessels engineered with bone marrow-derived cells.
OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study is to investigate if bone marrow-derived cells (BMCs) regenerate vascular tissues and improve patency in tissue-engineered small-diameter (internal diameter = 3 mm) vascular grafts.


BACKGROUND
BMCs have demonstrated the ability to differentiate into endothelial-like cells and vascular smooth muscle-like cells and may offer an alternative cell source for vascular tissue engineering. Thus, we tissue-engineered small-diameter vascular grafts with BMCs and decellularized arteries.


METHODS
Canine BMCs were differentiated in vitro into smooth muscle alpha-actin/smooth muscle myosin heavy-chain-positive cells and von Willebrand factor/CD31-positive cells and seeded onto decellularized canine carotid arteries (internal diameter = 3 mm). The seeded grafts were implanted in cell donor dogs. The vascular-tissue regeneration and graft patency were investigated with immunohistochemistry and angiography, respectively.


RESULTS
The vascular grafts seeded with BMCs remained patent for up to 8 weeks in the canine carotid artery interposition model, whereas nonseeded grafts occluded within 2 weeks. Within 8 weeks after implantation, the vascular grafts showed regeneration of the 3 elements of artery (endothelium, media, and adventitia). BMCs labeled with a fluorescent dye prior to implantation were detected in the retrieved vascular grafts, indicating that the BMCs participated in the vascular tissue regeneration.


CONCLUSIONS
Here we show that BMCs have the potential to regenerate vascular tissues and improve patency in tissue-engineered small-diameter vascular grafts. This is the first report of a small-diameter neovessel engineered with BMCs as a cell source.
Cho
Seung-Woo
SW
Department of Chemical Engineering, Hanyang University, Seoul 133-791, Korea.
Lim
Sang Hyun
SH
Kim
Il-Kwon
IK
Hong
Yoo Sun
YS
Kim
Sang-Soo
SS
Yoo
Kyung Jong
KJ
Park
Hyun-Young
HY
Jang
Yangsoo
Y
Chang
Byung Chul
BC
Choi
Cha Yong
CY
Hwang
Ki-Chul
KC
Kim
Byung-Soo
BS
D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000502:physiology / Q000637:transplantation*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004285:Dogs; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology*; D006085:Graft Survival; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology*; D012038:Regeneration; D023822:Tissue Engineering; D014654:Vascular Patency
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