title: Direct-acting mutagenicity of extracts of coal burning-derived particulates and contribution of nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons.
abstract: Benzene-ethanol extracts from particulates produced by coal burning were separated into four fractions by silica-gel column chromatography using n-hexane (240 ml), n-hexane-dichloromethane (3:1, v/v) (200 ml), dichloromethane (200 ml) and methanol (450 ml), as the corresponding eluents. The mutagenicity of each fraction was assayed by the Ames test using the Salmonellatyphimurium YG1024 strain. The nitropolycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (NPAHs) of each fraction were assayed by high-performance liquid chromatography with chemiluminescence detection. The highest activity was observed in the n-hexane-dichloromethane fraction (Fr. 2). The mutagenic contribution of this fraction was 69.9% of the total of the four fractions. Ten of 11 NPAHs detected were in Fr. 2 and one (1-nitropyrene) was most concentrated in Fr. 3. Among the NPAHs examined, 3-nitrobenzanthrone made the largest mutagenic contribution. This is the first report of detection of 3-nitrobenzanthrone in coal burning-derived particulates.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Natural Science and Technology, Kanazawa University, Kakuma-machi, Kanazawa 920-1192, Japan.
authors.forename: Rina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Taga
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Tetsuyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Shigekatsu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Toriba
authors.forename: Ryoichi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kizu
authors.forename: Kazuichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D000397:Air Pollution; D003031:Coal / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D003031:Coal; D009153:Mutagens; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons