title: Diabetes and the risk of lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The incidence of some cancers has been reported to be higher in diabetic patients than in the general population. We estimated the incidence of lung cancer in diabetic patients and investigated the hypothesis that the rate of lung cancer is different in diabetic compared with nondiabetic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diabetic patients and age-, sex-, and general practice-matched nondiabetic control subjects were identified from U.K. computerized general practice records (General Practice Research Database), and these records searched for any incident lung cancer, demographic details, and smoking status. Primary lung cancer incidence was calculated and rates compared between diabetic patients and nondiabetic control subjects using multivariate Cox regression, adjusting for age, sex, and smoking. The comparison was repeated for incident diabetic patients followed from diagnosis and after stratifying by diabetic treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of primary lung cancer in all 66,848 diabetic patients was 1.63 per 1,000 patient-years (95% CI 1.48-1.79) and 2.05 per 1,000 patient-years (1.76-2.38) among diabetic patients followed from diagnosis. When compared with nondiabetic control subjects, the hazard ratio was 0.88 (0.79-0.97) for all diabetic patients and 1.12 (0.95-1.34) for those followed from diagnosis. When observation was truncated to allow for shorter life expectancy, the hazard ratio for the total cohort was 0.98 (0.84-1.13), and no association was found with any treatment group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No increased risk of lung cancer in diabetes was found. We hypothesize that the lower incidence may be partly due to shorter life expectancy.
authors.affiliation: Grimsdyke House, Ravenscroft Park, London, EN5 4ND, U.K. gillian_hall@gchall.demon.co.uk
authors.forename: Gillian C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: C Michael
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Magdy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boulis
authors.forename: Jingping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mo
authors.forename: Kenneth D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: MacRae
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D016208:Databases, Factual; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology