title: CEACAM6 is a novel biomarker in pancreatic adenocarcinoma and PanIN lesions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that CEACAM6 expression is an indicator of adverse pathologic features and clinical outcome in pancreatic adenocarcinoma.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Previously, we have demonstrated carcinoembryonic antigen-related cell adhesion molecule 6 (CEACAM6) to be an oncoprotein that plays an important role in the biology of pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Suppression of CEACAM6 expression reduces tumorigenesis and metastasis in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  A tissue microarray was constructed using tumor specimens obtained from 89 consecutive patients who had undergone pancreatic resection for pancreatic adenocarcinoma with curative intent. A second microarray containing 54 pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) lesions was constructed using tissues from a separate cohort of 44 patients. Both arrays were immunostained using a specific anti-CEACAM6 monoclonal antibody. Tumoral CEACAM6 expression was dichotomized into negative and positive immunoreactivity groups. The log-rank test was used to evaluate univariate associations of CEACAM6 expression with prognosis. Survival curves were derived using the Kaplan-Meier method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tumoral CEACAM6 expression was detected in 82 (92%) pancreatic adenocarcinoma specimens. CEACAM6 expression was more prevalent in high-grade than in low-grade PanIN lesions (P = 0.0002). Negative tumoral CEACAM6 expression was associated with absence of lymph node metastases (P = 0.012), lower disease stage (P = 0.008), and longer postoperative survival (P = 0.047).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CEACAM6 is a novel biomarker for pancreatic adenocarcinoma. CEACAM6 warrants further evaluation as both a prognostic factor and a therapeutic target in pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Duxbury
authors.forename: Evan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Matros
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Clancy
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doff
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Zinner
authors.forename: Stanley W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Ashley
authors.forename: Anirban
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maitra
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Redston
authors.forename: Edward E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Whang
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015703:Antigens, CD; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C504117:CEACAM6 protein, human; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins
references.citation: Oral Oncol. 2003 Oct;39(7):648-55
references.pmid: 12907203
references.citation: Mod Pathol. 2003 Sep;16(9):902-12
references.pmid: 13679454
references.citation: J Clin Oncol. 2003 Oct 1;21(19):3638-46
references.pmid: 14512395
references.citation: Oncogene. 2004 Jan 15;23(2):465-73
references.pmid: 14724575
references.citation: Cancer Control. 2004 Jan-Feb;11(1):23-31
references.pmid: 14749620
references.citation: Br J Haematol. 1993 Jan;83(1):30-8
references.pmid: 8435334
references.citation: Br J Cancer. 1993 Jul;68(1):130-6
references.pmid: 8318403
references.citation: J Cell Biol. 1994 Feb;124(4):619-26
references.pmid: 8106557
references.citation: Exp Hematol. 1995 Dec;23(14):1484-91
references.pmid: 8542935
references.citation: Cell Growth Differ. 1996 May;7(5):655-62
references.pmid: 8732675
references.citation: J Clin Oncol. 1997 Jun;15(6):2403-13
references.pmid: 9196156
references.citation: Oncogene. 1998 May;16(20):2681-6
references.pmid: 9632144
references.citation: J Mammary Gland Biol Neoplasia. 1999 Apr;4(2):183-91
references.pmid: 10426397
references.citation: Am J Pathol. 2000 Feb;156(2):595-605
references.pmid: 10666389
references.citation: Pathol Int. 2000 Apr;50(4):273-9
references.pmid: 10849312
references.citation: Cancer Res. 2000 Jul 1;60(13):3419-24
references.pmid: 10910050
references.citation: Cancer Res. 2001 Feb 15;61(4):1707-16
references.pmid: 11245487
references.citation: Clin Cancer Res. 2001 Jul;7(7):1987-91
references.pmid: 11448915
references.citation: Cancer Res. 2002 Feb 1;62(3):819-26
references.pmid: 11830538
references.citation: Neoplasia. 2002 Mar-Apr;4(2):151-63
references.pmid: 11896570
references.citation: Acta Cient Venez. 2001;52(4):304-12
references.pmid: 11915449
references.citation: Oncogene. 2002 Apr 4;21(15):2365-75
references.pmid: 11948420
references.citation: CA Cancer J Clin. 2003 Jan-Feb;53(1):5-26
references.pmid: 12568441