title: Lipid-lowering efficacy of 3,4-di(OH)-phenylpropionic L-leucine in high-cholesterol fed rats.
abstract: A preliminary study revealed that 3,4-di(OH)-hydrocinnamate (HC), a polyphenolic compound, lowered the plasma lipids in high-cholesterol fed rats. Accordingly, this study was designed to test the lipid-lowering efficacy of a synthetic derivative, 3,4-di(OH)-phenylpropionic (L-leucine) amide (PPLA), in rats fed a high-cholesterol (1%, wt/wt) diet. As such, HC or PPLA was given as supplement to a high-cholesterol diet for 6 weeks at a dose of 0.137 mmol/100 g diet. The supplementation of HC and PPLA significantly lowered the plasma and hepatic cholesterol and triglyceride levels compared to the control group. The activities of hepatic HMG-CoA reductase (164 +/- 9.12 and 124.74 +/- 17.09 pmol/min/mg protein vs. 245.41 +/- 13.01 pmol/min/mg protein, p < 0.05) and ACAT (411.49 +/- 11.48 and 334.35 +/- 17.68 pmol/min/mg protein vs. 490.41 +/- 16.69 pmol/min/mg protein, p < 0.05) were significantly lower in the HC- and PPLA-supplemented groups than in the control group. However, PPLA was more effective in inhibiting the enzyme activities than HC. The excretion of neutral sterol was significantly higher in HC- and PPLA-supplemented groups than in the control group. Therefore, these results indicate that PPLA, a leucine-attached version of HC, exhibited a similar significant hypocholesterolemic effect to HC in rats fed a high-cholesterol diet.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Kyungpook National University, 702-701, Daegu, South Korea.
authors.forename: Soon-Ja
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Song-Hae
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Bok
authors.forename: Sangku
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Mi-Kyung
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yong Bok
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hye-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Myung-Sook
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases / Q000378:metabolism; D007930:Leucine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013261:Sterols / Q000378:metabolism; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: C503947:3,4-dihydroxyphenylpropionylleucinamide; D002109:Caffeic Acids; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D008055:Lipids; D013261:Sterols; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases; D007930:Leucine