title: [Usefulness of chemotherapy associated with surgery in the management of nontuberculous mycobacterial adenitis].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In recent years, lymphadenitis caused by atypical mycobacteria (also called nontuberculous mycobacteria [NTMB] or, more recently, environmental) have played a significant role in the differential diagnosis of adenitis in non-immunocompromised children.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the clinical and pathological findings in childhood NTMB adenitis and study the possible usefulness of antimicrobial therapy in addition to surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  We present eight cases of neck lymphadenitis occurring over a 5-year period. All of the children received combined chemotherapy, and six also underwent surgery. Of the two remaining patients, the parents of one child refused surgery and a watchful approach was adopted in the other.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete clinical recovery was achieved in all patients except one who did not undergo surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prolonged administration of two antibiotics (of which one must be clarithromycin) in addition to surgery was well-tolerated and could be useful in patients with NTMB neck lymphadenitis.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Salud Baviera, Area 2, Instituto Madrileño de la Salud, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Sanz Santaeufemia
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Ramos Amador
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giangaspro
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sánchez Granados
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Palenque
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: González Tomé
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008199:Lymphadenitis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D017291:Clarithromycin