Tumor cell proliferation and cyclooxygenase inhibitory constituents in horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) and Wasabi (Wasabia japonica).
Cyclooxygenase and human tumor cell growth inhibitory extracts of horseradish (Armoracia rusticana) and wasabi (Wasabia japonica) rhizomes upon purification yielded active compounds 1-3 from horseradish and 4 and 5 from wasabi rhizomes. Spectroscopic analyses confirmed the identities of these active compounds as plastoquinone-9 (1), 6-O-acyl-beta-d-glucosyl-beta-sitosterol (2), 1,2-dilinolenoyl-3-galactosylglycerol (3), linolenoyloleoyl-3-beta-galactosylglycerol (4), and 1,2-dipalmitoyl-3-beta-galactosylglycerol (5). 3-Acyl-sitosterols, sinigrin, gluconasturtiin, and phosphatidylcholines isolated from horseradish and alpha-tocopherol and ubiquinone-10 from wasabi rhizomes isolated were inactive in our assays. At a concentration of 60 microg/mL, compounds 1 and 2 selectively inhibited COX-1 enzyme by 28 and 32%, respectively. Compounds 3, 4, and 5 gave 75, 42, and 47% inhibition of COX-1 enzyme, respectively, at a concentration of 250 microg/mL. In a dose response study, compound 3 inhibited the proliferation of colon cancer cells (HCT-116) by 21.9, 42.9, 51.2, and 68.4% and lung cancer cells (NCI-H460) by 30, 39, 44, and 71% at concentrations of 7.5, 15, 30, and 60 microg/mL, respectively. At a concentration of 60 microg/mL, compound 4 inhibited the growth of colon, lung, and stomach cancer cells by 28, 17, and 44%, respectively. This is the first report of the COX-1 enzyme and cancer cell growth inhibitory monogalactosyl diacylglycerides from wasabi and horseradish rhizomes.
Weil
Marvin J
MJ
Bioactive Natural Products and Phytoceuticals, Department of Horticulture and National Food Safety and Toxicology Center, Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan 48824, USA.
Zhang
Yanjun
Y
Nair
Muraleedharan G
MG
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D031215:Armoracia / Q000737:chemistry*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology; D038983:Galactolipids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010971:Plastoquinone / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D027343:Rhizome / Q000737:chemistry; D012855:Sitosterols / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D031228:Wasabia / Q000737:chemistry*
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D038983:Galactolipids; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012855:Sitosterols; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; C496511:PTGS1 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D010971:Plastoquinone