title: A placebo-controlled screening trial of celecoxib for the treatment of cocaine dependence.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To conduct a medication screening trial study on the efficacy of celecoxib versus placebo for the treatment of cocaine dependence.
  
  
  METHODS
  A modified blinded, parallel group study in an outpatient setting using the Cocaine Rapid Efficacy and Safety Trials (CREST) study design.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was performed at the New York Medications Development Research Unit (MDRU).
  
  
  METHODS
  All participants met Diagnostic and Statistical Manual version IV (DSM-IV) criteria for cocaine dependence and provided at least two urine samples positive for benzoylecgonine (BE) during the 2-week screening period. Twenty-three participants were enrolled in the treatment phase of the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  After a 2-week screening period, subjects were assigned randomly to receive either celebrex (200 mg/day) or placebo for an 8-week treatment period. All subjects also received individual cognitive behavioral counseling during treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary outcome measures included quantitative urine benzoylecgonine (BE) levels, self-report of drug use and global impression scores. Secondary outcomes included cocaine craving, study retention and related psychosocial measures. Safety measures included adverse event monitoring, vital signs and extrapyramidal side-effects tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Study retention was similar across both treatment groups and safety measures indicated that celecoxib was moderately tolerated. Cocaine use, as measured by self-report and urine BE levels at end of treatment, indicated weaker improvement in the celecoxib group. Reductions in the intensity of cocaine craving were also weaker in the celecoxib group. Cocaine abstinence rates, global impression scores and all other related psychometric measures did not differ significantly between treatment groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study does not support the effectiveness of celecoxib for the treatment of cocaine dependence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, New York University School of Medicine, VA New York Harbor Healthcare System, New York, NY 10010, USA. malcolm.reid@med.va.gov
authors.forename: Malcolm S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: Burt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Angrist
authors.forename: Sherryl
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Montgomery
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Majewska
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rotrosen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000068579:Celecoxib; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides; D000068579:Celecoxib