title: Laser-induced changes in intraretinal oxygen distribution in pigmented rabbits.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To make the first measurements of intraretinal oxygen distribution and consumption after laser photocoagulation of the retina and to compare the efficiency of micropulsed (MP) and continuous wave (CW) laser delivery in achieving an oxygen benefit in the treated area.
  
  
  METHODS
  Oxygen-sensitive microelectrodes were used to measure oxygen tension as a function of retinal depth before and after laser treatment in anesthetized, mechanically ventilated, Dutch Belted rabbits (n = 11). Laser lesions were created by using a range of power levels from an 810-nm diode laser coupled with an operating microscope delivery system. MP duty cycles of 5%, 10%, and 15% were compared with CW delivery in each eye.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sufficient power levels of both the CW and MP laser reduced outer retinal oxygen consumption and increased oxygen level within the retina. At these power levels, which correlated with funduscopically visible lesions, there was histologically visible damage to the RPE and photoreceptors. Retinal damage was energy dependent but short-duty-cycle MP delivery was more selective in terms of retinal cell damage, with a wider safety range in comparison with CW delivery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The relationship between laser power level and mode of delivery and the resultant changes in oxygen metabolism and oxygen level in the retina was determined. Only partial destruction of RPE and photoreceptors is necessary, to produce a measurable oxygen benefit in the treated area of retina.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Ophthalmology and Visual Science, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Perth, Western Australia 6009. dyyu@cyllene.uwa.edu.au
authors.forename: Dao-Yi
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Cringle
authors.forename: Erning
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Paula K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Humayun
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dorin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017736:Ion-Selective Electrodes; D017075:Laser Coagulation; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D020419:Photoreceptor Cells, Vertebrate / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010857:Pigment Epithelium of Eye / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D011817:Rabbits; D012160:Retina / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen