title: Inhibition of swelling-activated Cl- currents by functional anti-ClC-3 antibody in native bovine non-pigmented ciliary epithelial cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the potential role of ClC-3, a PKC-inhibitable Cl(-) channel, in mediating the swelling-activated Cl(-) current (I(Cl,swell)) of native bovine nonpigmented ciliary epithelial (NPE) cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Native bovine NPE cells were freshly harvested by enzymatic digestion. Whole-cell currents were recorded by patch-clamp measurements either in the presence or absence of a functional anti-ClC-3 antibody.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline whole-cell currents were small under isotonic conditions. Hypotonic cell swelling stimulated outwardly rectifying I(Cl,swell), which was reversibly inhibited by the Cl(-) channel blockers, phloretin (300 microM) or 5-nitro-2-(phenylpropylamino)-benzoate (NPPB, 100 microM). Intracellular dialysis with anti-ClC-3 C(670-687) antibody did not affect baseline currents, but significantly delayed and inhibited hypotonic stimulation of I(Cl,swell). Preabsorption of the antibody with its antigen prevented the inhibition of I(Cl,swell) by antibody. In addition, intracellular dialysis with control Ex(133-148) antibody did not affect the I(Cl,swell). Moreover, activation of PKC by pretreatment with 100 nM phorbol 12,13-dibutyrate (PDBu) significantly inhibited the initial stimulation of I(Cl,swell), but had no effects on the steady state currents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that endogenous ClC-3 is involved in mediating I(Cl,swell) of native bovine NPE cells. The delayed stimulation of I(Cl,swell) by PDBu may reflect upregulation of swelling-activated Cl(-) channels of different subtypes, especially when the function of ClC-3 is blocked. This information will be useful in understanding the mechanisms controlling aqueous humor formation and thereby intraocular pressure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Chi Wai
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Do
authors.forename: Wennan
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Claire H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: Mortimer M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Civan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000494:pharmacology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002417:Cattle; D018118:Chloride Channels / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology*; D002712:Chlorides / Q000378:metabolism*; D002924:Ciliary Body / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000187:drug effects; D009579:Nitrobenzoates / Q000494:pharmacology; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D010693:Phloretin / Q000494:pharmacology; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate / Q000494:pharmacology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D018118:Chloride Channels; D002712:Chlorides; C115376:ClC-3 channel; D009579:Nitrobenzoates; D015240:Phorbol 12,13-Dibutyrate; C058176:5-nitro-2-(3-phenylpropylamino)benzoic acid; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D010693:Phloretin