title: Prognostic effect of epidermal growth factor receptor and EGFRvIII in glioblastoma multiforme patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is overexpressed in approximately 50% to 60% of glioblastoma multiforme tumors, and the most common EGFR mutant, EGFRvIII, is expressed in 24% to 67% of cases. We sought to determine whether glioblastoma multiforme expression of either overexpressed wild-type EGFR or the mutant EGFRvIII is an independent predictor of overall patient survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  Glioblastoma multiforme patients (n = 196) underwent a > or =95% volumetric tumor resection followed by conformal radiation. Their EGFR and EGFRvIII status was determined by immunohistochemistry and survival analyses were done.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In our study of glioblastoma multiforme patients, 46% (n = 91) failed to express EGFR, 54% (n = 105) had overexpression of the wild-type EGFR, and 31% (n = 61) also expressed the EGFRvIII. Patients within groups expressing the EGFR, EGFRvIII, or lacking EGFR expression did not differ in age, sex, Karnofsky performance scale score, extent of tumor resection, or radiation. The median overall survival times for patients with tumors having EGFR expression absent, overexpressed only, or mutant (EGFRvIII) were 0.96, 0.98, and 1.07 years, respectively. However, for patients surviving > or =1 year, these values were 2.03, 2.02, and 1.21 years (P < 0.0001; log-rank test comparing EGFRvIII with all others). This effect remained significant in the multivariate analysis after adjustment for all other cofactors including age and Karnofsky performance scale score (rate ratio 4.34; 95% confidence interval, 2.21-8.51).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neither the overexpressed wild-type EGFR nor EGFRvIII was an independent predictor of median overall survival in this selected cohort of patients who underwent extensive tumor resection. However, in patients surviving > or =1 year, the expression of EGFRvIII was an independent negative prognostic indicator.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Unit 442, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard, Houston, TX 77030, USA. aheimber@mdanderson.org
authors.forename: Amy B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Heimberger
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hlatky
authors.forename: Dima
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Suki
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jeff
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weinberg
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gilbert
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sawaya
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aldape
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: C410723:epidermal growth factor receptor VIII; D066246:ErbB Receptors