title: Experimental infection of pigtailed macaques with a simian rotavirus, YK-1.
abstract: Experimental rotavirus infection was investigated in pigtailed macaques to study the infectivity, immunity, and pathogenesis of rotavirus. A challenge virus, YK-1, was administered intragastrically to four seronegative macaques (age: 11-16 months). Although none of the monkeys developed diarrhea, an active infection occurred with high titers of rotavirus antigen detected in stools 2-10 days after challenge. These animals developed rotavirus-specific antibody responses similar to those seen following primary exposure to rotavirus. YK-1 was then inoculated in four seropositive macaques (age: 14-16 months). All animals shed viral antigen in their stool, but the titers and duration were significantly less when compared to seronegative macaques. When rechallenged 28 days after initial YK-1 challenge, the macaques demonstrated significant protection against reinfection. All seropositive animals developed a rise in rotavirus-specific serum and fecal antibodies during YK-1 challenge and rechallenge. To independently assess the role of age and preexisting IgG titers to rotavirus, a 4-month-old seronegative and 6-month-old seropositive macaque were inoculated with YK-1. The seronegative macaque shed high titers of virus for 9 days, while the seropositive macaque shed only 3 days and in low titer. These data suggest that a primate model of rotavirus infection using the YK-1 strain may be useful in examining the immune response and protection from infection in pigtailed macaques and indicate that levels and duration of shedding may provide a good measure of protection from natural infection and from that induced by oral or parenteral vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Viral Gastroenteritis Section, Division of Viral and Rickettsial Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Emory University, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. lew2@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Larry E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Westerman
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Baoming
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Harold M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: McClure
authors.forename: Roger I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Glass
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D008254:Macaca nemestrina; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000821:virology; D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines; D017201:Virus Shedding
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D022243:Rotavirus Vaccines