title: A novel tool to assess systolic asynchrony and identify responders of cardiac resynchronization therapy by tissue synchronization imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to investigate if tissue synchronization imaging (TSI) is useful to identify regional wall delay and predict left ventricular (LV) reverse remodeling after cardiac resynchronization therapy (CRT).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Echocardiographic assessment of systolic asynchrony is helpful to predict a positive response to CRT. Tissue synchronization imaging is a new imaging technique that allows quick evaluation of regional systolic delay.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tissue synchronization imaging was performed in 56 heart failure patients at baseline and three months after CRT. Regional wall delay was identified on TSI images and the time to regional peak systolic velocity (Ts) in LV was measured by the six-basal-six-mid-segmental model. Eight TSI parameters of systolic asynchrony were computed when Ts was measured in ejection phase or also included postsystolic shortening.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Severe lateral wall delay occurred in 17 patients, which predicted LV reverse remodeling (chi-square = 8.13, p = 0.004). Among the eight quantitative parameters of asynchrony, the predictive values were higher for parameters that measured Ts in ejection phase than in postsystolic shortening. The standard deviation of Ts of 12 LV segments in ejection phase (Ts-SD-12-ejection) was most powerful to predict reverse remodeling (r = -0.61, p < 0.001) and gain in ejection fraction (r = 0.53, p < 0.001). The area of the receiver-operating characteristic (ROC) curve was the largest for Ts-SD-12-ejection (0.90, p < 0.001), with a sensitivity of 87% and specificity of 81% at a cutoff of 34.4 ms. The combination of lateral wall delay with Ts-SD-12-ejection gave a sensitivity and specificity of 82% and 87%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tissue synchronization imaging allows quick evaluation of regional wall delay, and combined with Ts-SD-12-ejection provides a reliable way of predicting reverse remodeling after CRT.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine and Therapeutics, Prince of Wales Hospital, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. cmyu@cuhk.edu.hk
authors.forename: Cheuk-Man
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jeffrey Wing-Hong
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Fung
authors.forename: Hamish Chi-Kin
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Yat-Sun
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Gabriel Wai-Kwok
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Yip
authors.forename: Shun-Ling
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Sanderson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D018618:Echocardiography, Doppler, Color; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008133:Long QT Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D013599:Systole / Q000502:physiology*; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling / Q000502:physiology*