title: Time course studies on the initiation of complement activation in acute myocardial infarction induced by coronary artery ligation in rats.
abstract: This study attempted to probe the role of complement activation in promoting acute myocardial infarction (AMI) induced by coronary artery ligation (CAL) in rats. The surgical technique used in this study significantly reduced early mortality (95% survival rate) and also reduced the variation in infarct size (33+/-1.87%) at 32 h after surgery. Time course studies on the initiation of AMI at various time points were carried out using physiological, biochemical, histopathological and electron microscopical techniques. Serum markers and activities of lysosomal hydrolases were found to be significantly elevated at the 8th hour post ligation. Histological studies showed polymorphonuclear cells emigration and total coagulation necrosis. Transmission electron micrograph exhibited mild distortion of muscle fibres and mitochondrial rupture with disrupted cristae. Immunoblotting studies confirmed the presence of alpha2-macroglobulin which supported the inflammatory response at 8th h of post ligation. The initiation of the complement (C) activation was observed by the increase in the level of the soluble form of the membrane attack complex (sC5b-9) in serum and left ventricle. Immunoexpression studies confirmed the initiation of the terminal C activation as shown by the expression of C5, C6, C7, C8, C9 and sC5b-9 complex at the 8th h of AMI. This study conclusively demonstrated that initiation of the C activation was observed to be significant at the 8th h of AMI induced by CAL in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Central Leather Research Institute, Adyar, Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Miriyala
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sumitra
authors.forename: Panchatcharam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Manikandan
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nayeem
authors.forename: Bhakthavatsalam Murali
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Manohar
authors.forename: Beema
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lokanadam
authors.forename: Subbiah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vairamuthu
authors.forename: Samu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Subramaniam
authors.forename: Rengarajulu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Puvanakrishnan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003167:Complement Activation; D003165:Complement System Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013997:Time Factors; D000511:alpha-Macroglobulins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000511:alpha-Macroglobulins; D003165:Complement System Proteins
references.citation: Mol Cell Biochem. 2001 Aug;224(1-2):135-42
references.pmid: 11693190
references.citation: J Exp Med. 1969 Sep 1;130(3):505-18
references.pmid: 4185247
references.citation: Coron Artery Dis. 1994 Oct;5(10):865-72
references.pmid: 7866607
references.citation: Immunol Today. 1997 Mar;18(3):111-5
references.pmid: 9078682
references.citation: Am J Cardiol. 1972 Oct;30(5):492-7
references.pmid: 5073661
references.citation: Jpn Circ J. 1982 Dec;46(12):1337-44
references.pmid: 7143702
references.citation: Fed Proc. 1973 Apr;32(4):1489-93
references.pmid: 4121833
references.citation: Am Heart J. 1981 May;101(5):593-600
references.pmid: 6164281
references.citation: Clin Chim Acta. 2003 Mar;329(1-2):39-51
references.pmid: 12589964
references.citation: J Immunol. 1981 May;126(5):1820-5
references.pmid: 7217669
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 1973 Sep 21;322(1):62-7
references.pmid: 4270367
references.citation: Can J Cardiol. 1989 May;5(4):211-21
references.pmid: 2567203
references.citation: Ann N Y Acad Sci. 1994 Jun 17;723:1-14
references.pmid: 8030857
references.citation: Eur Heart J. 1994 Mar;15(3):418-23
references.pmid: 8013522
references.citation: J Endocrinol. 1999 Jul;162(1):143-53
references.pmid: 10396031
references.citation: Pharmacology. 2002 May;65(2):103-9
references.pmid: 11937781
references.citation: Am J Cardiol. 1977 Jul;40(1):110-29
references.pmid: 327784
references.citation: Biochim Biophys Acta. 1971 Aug 20;242(2):428-36
references.pmid: 4258518
references.citation: Circ Res. 1998 Oct 19;83(8):860-9
references.pmid: 9776733
references.citation: FASEB J. 1991 Aug;5(11):2529-37
references.pmid: 1868978
references.citation: J Clin Invest. 1977 May;59(5):911-21
references.pmid: 853127
references.citation: Pharmacol Res. 2000 Jun;41(6):613-27
references.pmid: 10816330
references.citation: Clin Cardiol. 1993 Feb;16(2):143-6
references.pmid: 8435928
references.citation: Int Immunopharmacol. 2001 Mar;1(3):403-14
references.pmid: 11367525
references.citation: J Biol Chem. 1951 Nov;193(1):265-75
references.pmid: 14907713
references.citation: Angiology. 1960 Oct;11:398-407
references.pmid: 13749954
references.citation: Am J Pathol. 1978 Jul;92(1):187-214
references.pmid: 686146
references.citation: Circulation. 1999 Jul 6;100(1):96-102
references.pmid: 10393687
references.citation: Circ Res. 1969 Jun;24(6):851-6
references.pmid: 5786790
references.citation: Biochem J. 1990 Jan 1;265(1):233-41
references.pmid: 2154182