title: Description of complete DNA sequence of two plasmids from the nukacin ISK-1 producer, Staphylococcus warneri ISK-1.
abstract: We report the whole DNA sequence of two plasmids, pPI-1 (30.2 kb) and pPI-2 (2.8 kb). These plasmids are from Staphylococcus warneri ISK-1, which produces a lantibiotic, nukacin ISK-1. Curing of pPI-1 resulted in a loss of bactericidal activity in the culture supernatant and the host's immunity to nukacin ISK-1, suggesting that the biosynthetic genes of the bacteriocin are encoded by pPI-1. Based on the results of a homology search of each open reading flame, pPI-1 is comprised of the following four distinct regions: (1) the nukacin ISK-1 biosynthesis and immunity gene cluster, (2) the thioredoxin gene cluster, (3) the replication region, and (4) a region of Staphylococcus epidermidis ATCC 12228, highly homologous to pSE-12228-05. Gene organization in the nukacin ISK-1 biosynthesis and immunity gene cluster is different from that in other lacticin-481 type gene clusters. The features of the replication protein encoded in the replicating region are somewhat different from other staphylococcus theta-replicating plasmids. pPI-2 comprised a disinfectant resistant gene, qacC, and the whole DNA sequence showed significant similarity to those of other qacC plasmids such as pSK108, suggesting that pPI-2 belongs to the qacC plasmid group.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Division of Microbial Science and Technology, Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Graduate School, Kyushu University, 6-10-1 Hakozaki, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8581, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Aso
authors.forename: Hanako
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sashihara
authors.forename: Jun-Ichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nagao
authors.forename: Youhei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanemasa
authors.forename: Jiro
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sonomoto
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001430:Bacteriocins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000235:genetics; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D013879:Thioredoxins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001430:Bacteriocins; C421186:nukacin ISK-1; D013879:Thioredoxins