title: Predicting alcohol and drug abuse in Persian Gulf War veterans: what role do PTSD symptoms play?
abstract: This study is a prospective longitudinal examination of symptoms of drug and alcohol use (SUD) and PTSD symptoms in 1006 veterans in the 6 years (T3) following return from the Persian Gulf War (PGW). Both alcohol and drug use at T3 were significantly correlated with demographic variables and all three types of PTSD symptoms (reexperiencing, avoidance, and arousal) as measured at T2. Hierarchical regressions were conducted to examine the self-medication hypothesis, which was supported for drug use but not for alcohol use at T3.
authors.affiliation: Boston University School of Medicine, USA. Jillian.Shipherd@med.va.gov
authors.forename: Jillian C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Shipherd
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stafford
authors.forename: Lynlee R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Tanner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D047830:Gulf War; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D014728:Veterans / Q000523:psychology*