title: Paranasal sinus mucormycosis in an immunocompetent host: efficacy and safety of combination therapy with Liposomal Amphotericin B and adjuvant rHuGM-CSF.
abstract: Invasive mucormycosis is a well-documented disease in the immunocompromised patient, but in recent years it has been reported increasingly in immunocompetent patients. We report a case of maxillary paranasal sinus mucormycosis in an immunologically competent host that was successfully treated with surgery and combined liposomal amphotericin B and rHuGM-CSF. We discuss the emerging incidence of invasive zygomycosis in immunocompetent patients and the potential clinical application of immunotherapy as adjunctive therapy for invasive mucormycosis in association with liposomal amphotericin B and surgical debridement.
authors.affiliation: Unità Operativa Malattie Infettive, Ospedale G.B. Morgagni, Forli, Italy.
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mastroianni
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007121:Immunocompetence; D008297:Male; D009091:Mucormycosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010254:Paranasal Sinus Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C068538:liposomal amphotericin B; D000666:Amphotericin B; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor