[An autopsy case of origin-unidentified meningeal carcinomatosis presenting with monoradiculopathy multiplex in the lower extremities].
A 54-year-old man with a history of partially dissected epidermoid cyst in the left cerebellopontine angle suffered from a slowly progressive dysesthesia and weakness in the lower extremities and trunk. Neurological examination revealed segmental muscular weakness and sensory disturbance in those regions, giving rise to the possibility of monoradiculopathy multiplex, as well as loss of tendon reflexes, dysuria and right facial nerve palsy. Electrophysiological studies indicated irregular motor axonopathy or neuronopathy and interruption of more central sensory pathways than the lumbosacral spinal nerve roots with spared peripheral sensory nerves. Although MRI demonstrated enhanced lesions in the cauda equina and lumbosacral leptomeninges, CSF cytology or a cauda equina biopsy showed no malignancy. His symptoms gradually progressed and he died 15 months after the onset. The autopsy failed to reveal any tumors in the general systemic internal organs. Histopathology demonstrated meningeal carcinomatosis with squamous-type carcinoma cells scattered in the cerebrospinal leptomeninges, and perineurium in almost all the spinal and cranial nerve roots, causing severe axonal degeneration. The dorsal root ganglions escaped tumor cell invasion. Absence of the malignant tumors in the systemic organs and the history of the operated epidermoid cyst indicate that the tumor may be the cause of the meningeal carcinomatosis in this case. Meningeal carcinomatosis almost always shows rapid progression and extremely poor prognosis with several month survival in general, and little attention has been paid that it can exhibit symptoms and signs of segmental involvement in the lumbosacral regions. Our present case prompts us to bear in mind that patients with this condition can survive fairly long, and raises the possibility that a careful neurological examination with segmental involvement will reveal such a feature more frequently than considered so far in this condition.
Ishikawa
Takehisa
T
Department of Neurology, Jichi Medical School.
Shimazaki
Haruo
H
Morita
Mitsuya
M
Sawada
Mikio
M
Takiyama
Yoshihisa
Y
Nakano
Imaharu
I
Kawai
Toshirou
T
D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000556:secondary; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D035002:Lower Extremity; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000556:secondary; D008875:Middle Aged; D009382:Neoplasms, Unknown Primary; D010523:Peripheral Nervous System Diseases / Q000473:pathology; D011843:Radiculopathy / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D013126:Spinal Nerve Roots / Q000473:pathology*