title: Argatroban anticoagulation in conjunction with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention: an open-label, nonrandomized pilot study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Argatroban, a direct thrombin inhibitor, blocks clot-bound thrombin more effectively than does heparin. This multicenter, prospective pilot study evaluated the efficacy and safety of argatroban in combination with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition in patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients (N = 152) received argatroban as a 250- or 300-mug/kg bolus, followed by a 15-mug/kg/min infusion during percutaneous coronary intervention. An additional 150-mug/kg bolus was administered if activated clotting times 5-15 min after initiating argatroban were <275 s. Abciximab (N = 150) or double-bolus eptifibatide (N = 2) was administered simultaneously.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median activated clotting times at the beginning and end of the procedure were approximately 300 s. The primary efficacy endpoint-a composite of death, myocardial infarction, or urgent revascularization at 30 days-occurred in 4 (2.6%) patients (no death, 4 myocardial infarctions, and 2 revascularizations). Two (1.3%) patients had major bleeding by the Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction criteria (1 retroperitoneal, 1 groin hematoma).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Argatroban in combination with glycoprotein IIb/IIIa inhibition appears to provide adequate anticoagulation and be well tolerated with an acceptable bleeding risk for patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. Additional studies are warranted.
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Division, Gray/Bigelow 800, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 55 Fruit Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA. ijang@partners.org
authors.forename: Ik-Kyung
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Bruce E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: William H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Matthai
authors.forename: Neal S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Kleiman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D010875:Pipecolic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D013449:Sulfonamides
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D010875:Pipecolic Acids; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; D013449:Sulfonamides; D001120:Arginine; C031942:argatroban