[Good work: "attending to responsibilities" and "greater expections": assessment pattern of attendant behavior and introduction of non-restraint].
According to influential alienists nurses and attendants played a decisive role in the non restraint system. When Wilhelm Griesinger tried to implement this mode of treatment at the Berlin Charité he harshly criticized the often uneducated attendants. In this article judgments of conduct and behaviour of nurses and attendants are interpreted. These judgments displayed different cultural patterns on the part of the superiors of the attendants. Whereas the ,,Hausvater" Krüger saw ,,diligence" as the core attribute of ,,good labour", Carl Westphal, then functioning head of the psychiatric ward before Griesingers appointment, rather emphasized the fulfillment of official regulations. Griesingers criteria however were different from that. Attendants not only had to be diligent, non restraint posed ,,higher requirements": Nurses and attendants should be more educated and humane. In contradiction to Krüger and Westphal he not only judged the behaviour but also the mentality of the personal.
Sammet
Kai
K
Institut für Geschichte und Ethik der Medizin, Universitätsklinikum Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistr. 52, 20246 Hamburg.
D001604:Berlin; D004650:Employee Performance Appraisal / Q000266:history*; D005060:Europe; D005858:Germany; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006785:Hospitals, University / Q000266:history*; D006801:Humans; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000266:history*; D011566:Psychiatric Aides / Q000266:history*; D011567:Psychiatric Department, Hospital / Q000266:history*; D011568:Psychiatric Nursing / Q000266:history*; D012149:Restraint, Physical