title: The 350-fold compacted Fugu parkin gene is structurally and functionally similar to human Parkin.
abstract: Mutations in the human parkin gene (huParkin) are the predominant genetic cause of familial parkinsonism. The huParkin locus, spanning about 1.4 Mb, is one of the largest in the human genome. Despite its huge size, huParkin codes for a rather short transcript of about 4.5 kb. To gain an insight into the structure, function and evolutionary history of huParkin, we have characterized the pufferfish [Fugu rubripes (Fugu)] ortholog of huParkin. A remarkable feature of the Fugu parkin gene (fuparkin) is its unusually compact size. It spans only about 4 kb and is thus 350-fold smaller than its human ortholog. The Fugu and human parkin genes are otherwise highly similar in their genomic organization and expression pattern. Furthermore, like human Parkin, Fugu parkin also functions as an ubiquitin ligase. These shared features between fuparkin and huParkin suggest that the physiological function and regulation of the parkin gene are conserved during the evolution of vertebrates. Conceivably, the compact locus of fuparkin could serve as a useful model to understand the transcriptional regulation of huParkin.
authors.affiliation: Gene Regulation Laboratory, National Neuroscience Institute, 11 Jalan Tan Tock Seng, Singapore 308433, Singapore.
authors.forename: Wei-Ping
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Jeanne M M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Katherine C M
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Chew
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Prasanna
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kolatkar
authors.forename: Byrappa
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Venkatesh
authors.forename: Ted M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: Kah
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Leong Lim
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D017931:DNA Primers; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D023741:Takifugu / Q000235:genetics*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; C111567:parkin protein