title: Pulmonary nodules 10 mm or less in diameter with ground-glass opacity component detected by high-resolution computed tomography have a high possibility of malignancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  For the histological diagnosis of small lung cancers of 10 mm or less in diameter (< or =10), resection by video-assisted thoracic surgery (VATS) with computed tomography (CT)-guided marking is feasible. One problem is that a small number of these pulmonary nodules are malignant. We retrospectively analyzed CT images of pulmonary nodules to find better criteria to select candidates for resection among patients with small pulmonary nodules.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-four patients with indeterminate peripheral pulmonary nodules underwent wedge resection by VATS. High-resolution CT using a 1.25 mm slice included the area of lesions. Nodules were classified by size (< or =10, 11 to 20, >20 mm) and whether they had a ground-glass opacity (GGO) component.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The histology of all 94 nodules showed 52 primary lung cancers, 6 metastatic tumors, 5 benign tumors, 8 intrapulmonary lymph nodes, and 23 inflammatory nodules. Ninety-three percent of nodules larger than 20 mm, 75% of nodules 10 to 20 mm, and 43% of nodules < or =10 mm were malignant. Introducing a classification according to GGO component to nodules, malignancy was detected in 88% of nodules with a GGO component and in 30% of nodules without a GGO component among nodules < or =10 mm. Nodules < or =10 mm with a GGO component showed a statistically significant (p < 0.01) correlation with malignancy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pulmonary nodules < or =10 mm with GGO should be considered to have a high possibility of malignancy and to be candidates for resection by VATS.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Thoracic Surgery, Rinku General Medical Center, Izumisano, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Hyung-Eun
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Kenjiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuhara
authors.forename: Toshiya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Michiura
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imakita
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nonaka
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwase
mesh_terms: D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018579:Patient Selection; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D003074:Solitary Pulmonary Nodule / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D020775:Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
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