title: Duloxetine for the treatment of major depressive disorder in older patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The efficacy and safety of duloxetine, a dual reuptake inhibitor of serotonin (5-HT) and norepinephrine (NE), were evaluated in the treatment of major depressive disorder (MDD) and associated pain symptoms in patients age 55 and older.
  
  
  METHODS
  Efficacy data were obtained from patients age > or =55 who participated in two identical, multicenter, double-blind studies in which patients with MDD were randomized to receive placebo (N=43) or duloxetine (60 mg/day; N=47) for 9 weeks. The primary efficacy measure was the mean change in Ham-D-17 total score. Pain symptoms were assessed with visual-analog scales. Safety data for patients age > or =55 were pooled from six randomized, 8- or 9-week, double-blind studies of duloxetine in which patients with MDD were randomized to receive placebo (N=90) or duloxetine (40 mg/day-120 mg/day; N=119).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The combined results of these two investigations found that duloxetine was significantly superior to placebo for mean change in Ham-D-17 total score. The estimated probability of remission for duloxetine-treated patients (44.1%) was also significantly higher than that for placebo (16.1%). Reductions in overall pain, back pain, and pain while awake were also significantly greater for duloxetine than placebo. The rate of discontinuation due to adverse events was significantly higher for duloxetine-treated patients (21.0%) than placebo (6.7%). Abnormal elevations in vital signs at endpoint were not significantly different from placebo.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In these two investigations, duloxetine 60 mg/day was an efficacious treatment for MDD and also alleviated pain symptoms in depression patients age 55 and older.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of California at San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
authors.forename: J Craig
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: Madelaine M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Wohlreich
authors.forename: Craig H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Mallinckrodt
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Detke
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Watkin
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kennedy
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000068736:Duloxetine Hydrochloride; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000068736:Duloxetine Hydrochloride; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors; D013876:Thiophenes