title: [How children show positive and negative relationships on their drawings].
abstract: This study analyses, whether pictures of children showing a positive relationship are significantly different from those showing a negative one with respect to several criteria. The study involved a random selection of 45 children aged 4;6 to 11;6 years. The children painted a picture with themselves and a person they liked and a picture of themselves with someone they disliked. For the most part, the children drew pictures of themselves with peers both with respect to positive as well as negative images. In an interview afterwards, the children specified the criteria in their drawings by which the quality of the particular relationship can be identified. Positive and negative relationship paintings differ in the character of activity described. The sun as an element in children's paintings is painted not more frequent on positive compared to negative pictures. The colour black is used more often in the drawings signifying negative relationships. While girls used more colour in negative relationship drawings, boys used more colour in the positive ones. There was no significant difference in the use of favourite colours and decorative elements between the two groups. Only in negative relationship drawings people were looking away from each other. Smiling individuals were more common in the positive relationship pictures and in pictures painted by the 6 to 8 year olds. A greater distance between the individuals emerged on negative relationship drawings of the girls.
authors.affiliation: Psychologisches Institut der Johannes-Gutenberg-Universität, Abteilung Entwicklungs- und Pädagogische Psychologie, Mainz. gramel@uni-mainz.de
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gramel
mesh_terms: D000339:Affect; D001155:Art Therapy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007206:Individuality; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D009769:Object Attachment; D010379:Peer Group; D010552:Personality Assessment; D012737:Sex Factors; D013561:Symbolism