title: Feasibility of combining MR perfusion, angiography, and 3He ventilation imaging for evaluation of lung function in a porcine model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the feasibility of combining magnetic resonance (MR) perfusion, angiography, and 3He ventilation imaging for the evaluation of lung function in a porcine model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fourteen consecutive porcine models with externally delivered pulmonary emboli and/or airway occlusions were examined with MR perfusion, angiography, and 3He ventilation imaging. Ultrafast gradient-echo sequences were used for 3D perfusion and angiographic imaging, in conjunction with the use of contrast-agent injections. 2D multiple-section 3He imaging was performed subsequently via the inhalation of hyperpolarized 3He gas. The diagnostic accuracy of MR angiography for detecting pulmonary emboli was determined by two reviewers. The diagnostic confidence for different combinations of MR techniques was rated on the basis of a 5-point grading scale (5 = definite).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy of MR angiography for detecting pulmonary emboli were approximately 85.7%, 90.5%, and 88.1%, respectively. The interobserver agreement was very strong (k = 0.82). There was a clear tendency for confidence to increase when first perfusion and then ventilation imaging were added to the angiographic image (Wilcoxon signed ranks test, P = 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of the three methods of MR perfusion, angiography, and 3H ventilation imaging may provide complementary information on abnormal lung anatomy and function.
authors.affiliation: Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Jason C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Leawoods
authors.forename: Dmitriy A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Yablonskiy
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Leyendecker
authors.forename: Kyongtae T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Thomas K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Pilgram
authors.forename: Pamela K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Woodard
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Conradi
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000402:Airway Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis*; D000818:Animals; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006371:Helium; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods; D007554:Isotopes; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D015588:Observer Variation; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D007554:Isotopes; D006371:Helium; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA
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