Genetics and variability in opioid response.
The human genome project has revealed data on genomic variation which may influence the pharmacological responses. In pain therapy, the genetic background influencing the efficacy of opioid therapy is of special interest. Screening for variations in expression of drug metabolizing enzymes has been suggested as a potential tool for improving patient therapy. CYP2D6 genetic variability is supposed to be a major factor of adverse drug reaction, possibly influencing hospital stay and total costs. Further candidate genes involved in pain perception, pain processing and pain management like opioid receptors, transporters and other targets of pharmacotherapy are under investigation. Aspects of genetic differences influencing efficacy, side effects and adverse outcome of pharmacotherapy will be of importance for future pain management.
Stamer
Ulrike M
UM
Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Str. 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany. ulrike.stamer@ukb.uni-bonn.de
Bayerer
Bettina
B
Stüber
Frank
F
D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019389:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 / Q000235:genetics; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D010597:Pharmacogenetics; D011957:Receptors, Opioid / Q000235:genetics
D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D011957:Receptors, Opioid; D019389:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6