title: Estimated costs of treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia in Brazil.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) presents 2 options: medical or surgical, and there are doubts about what is the best treatment since 80% of patients who undergo surgery become asymptomatic and 10 to 40% of those under medical regimen undergo surgery within a 5 years period. It is difficult to assess the actual costs of treating BPH in Brazil due to several factors, among them regional particularities and the scarcity of current statistical data.
  
  
  METHODS
  Recently, in the Ribeirao Preto area, Sao Paulo, Brazil, the IPSS (International Prostatic Symptoms Score) and quality of life were verified in 934 volunteers. It was determined the percentage of individuals with ages ranging from 40 to 79 years with moderate symptoms (score 8-19) and with severe symptoms (score 20-35), values for which are indicated medical and surgical treatment, respectively, according to the Brazilian Society of Urology consensus on BPH. Data on Brazilian population in that age range were obtained from the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics referent to the year of 2000. It was determined the number of patients, according to the criteria above, subjected to either one of the treatments mentioned. Surgical costs of prostate transurethral resection were researched according to Unified Health System - SUS tables (173 US dollars) and of Brazilian Medical Society - AMB with a mean cost in 3 hospitals of 933 US dollars. Drug costs were calculated by the annual mean price (355 US dollars) of 4 alpha-blockers (tamsulosin, alfuzosin, doxazosin and terazosin).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The estimated population for medical treatment was 5,397,321 individuals, with a cost corresponding to 1,916,489,055.00 US dollars. The estimated population for surgical treatment was 2,040,299 men, what would represent a cost of 353,291,204.00 US dollars based on the SUS table and of 1,904,279,066.00 US dollars based on AMB with hospital expenses included.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All theses facts induce us to predict that the treatment of BPH in a not-so-far future can become a public health problem for Brazilian society, since the current estimate would be, approximately, costs around 2.26 - 3.83 billion dollars, added by the yearly increase in the risk population (24.99%) for the group under medical treatment and over the non-operated amount of the surgical group.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Haylton J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Suaid
authors.forename: Marco A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gonçalves
authors.forename: Antonio A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: João P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: Adauto J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Cologna
authors.forename: Antonio C P
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Martins