Carbohydrate-active enzymes involved in the secondary cell wall biogenesis in hybrid aspen.
Wood formation is a fundamental biological process with significant economic interest. While lignin biosynthesis is currently relatively well understood, the pathways leading to the synthesis of the key structural carbohydrates in wood fibers remain obscure. We have used a functional genomics approach to identify enzymes involved in carbohydrate biosynthesis and remodeling during xylem development in the hybrid aspen Populus tremula x tremuloides. Microarrays containing cDNA clones from different tissue-specific libraries were hybridized with probes obtained from narrow tissue sections prepared by cryosectioning of the developing xylem. Bioinformatic analyses using the sensitive tools developed for carbohydrate-active enzymes allowed the identification of 25 xylem-specific glycosyltransferases belonging to the Carbohydrate-Active EnZYme families GT2, GT8, GT14, GT31, GT43, GT47, and GT61 and nine glycosidases (or transglycosidases) belonging to the Carbohydrate-Active EnZYme families GH9, GH10, GH16, GH17, GH19, GH28, GH35, and GH51. While no genes encoding either polysaccharide lyases or carbohydrate esterases were found among the secondary wall-specific genes, one putative O-acetyltransferase was identified. These wood-specific enzyme genes constitute a valuable resource for future development of engineered fibers with improved performance in different applications.
Aspeborg
Henrik
H
Royal Institute of Technology, Department of Biotechnology, AlbaNova University Center, SE-10691 Stockholm, Sweden.
Schrader
Jarmo
J
Coutinho
Pedro M
PM
Stam
Mark
M
Kallas
Asa
A
Djerbi
Soraya
S
Nilsson
Peter
P
Denman
Stuart
S
Amini
Bahram
B
Sterky
Fredrik
F
Master
Emma
E
Sandberg
Göran
G
Mellerowicz
Ewa
E
Sundberg
Björn
B
Henrissat
Bernard
B
Teeri
Tuula T
TT
D002473:Cell Wall / Q000378:metabolism*; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D016695:Glycosyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D005810:Multigene Family; D010802:Phylogeny; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D032107:Populus / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D014934:Wood
D010940:Plant Proteins; D016695:Glycosyltransferases; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases
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