title: Biochemistry and general genetics of nonribosomal peptide synthetases in fungi.
abstract: Peptides like penicillin or cyclosporin are nonribosomally synthesised by large multifunctional enzymes. Peptide synthetase genes are coexpressed with other biosynthesis genes organised in clusters. Such clusters are common in fungal genomes, and the respective products are thought to be advantageous though not essential for survival. The biochemistry of the sequential polymerisation reactions is reviewed, including multienzyme organization, amino acid activation and modification reactions.
authors.affiliation: Technical University Berlin, Department of Chemistry, Research Group of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Franklinstrasse 29, 10587 Berlin, Germany. doehren@chem.tu-berlin.de
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: von Döhren
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification; D001671:Biochemistry / Q000379:methods; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal / Q000502:physiology*; D024861:Genetic Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D010453:Peptide Synthases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D047090:beta-Lactams / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D012269:Ribosomal Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D047090:beta-Lactams; D010453:Peptide Synthases