title: Plasma monitoring of the myocardial specific tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-4 after alcohol septal ablation in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The overall goal of this study was to develop an assay procedure for measuring the relative abundance of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-4 in plasma, and then use this approach to determine dynamic changes of TIMP-4 levels in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathic (HOCM) patients after an acute myocardial infarction (MI). Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) contribute to tissue remodeling and are regulated by the endogenous TIMPs. TIMP-4 is observed to be expressed in higher abundance in the myocardium when compared with other types of tissues. Recent clinical studies have measured changes in TIMP-4 levels; however, these studies have been limited to measuring this protein from myocardial tissue samples. To date, no studies have monitored TIMP-4 levels in plasma samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Plasma TIMP-4 levels were examined (by semiquantitative immunoblotting) in normal (n=18) and HOCM (n=16) patients after alcohol-induced MI. Serial measurements of plasma TIMP-4 levels were examined up to 60 hours after alcohol-induced MI in patients with HOCM. Unglycosylated plasma TIMP-4 levels increased 250% in the HOCM patients when compared with normal controls. Total plasma TIMP-4 levels decreased by 20% at 30 hours after alcohol-induced MI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The unique results demonstrated that an induction of a controlled MI, specifically through alcohol ablation, caused a reduction in plasma TIMP-4 levels in HOCM patients after alcohol-induced MI that would facilitate myocardial remodeling in the early post-MI setting.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, South Carolina 29403, USA.
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Stroud
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Deschamps
authors.forename: Abigail S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Lowry
authors.forename: Amy E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Hardin
authors.forename: Rupak
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.forename: Merry L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Lindsey
authors.forename: Sammanda
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ramamoorthy
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Zile
authors.forename: William H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Spencer
authors.forename: Francis G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Spinale
mesh_terms: D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000097:blood / Q000628:therapy*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000097:blood; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006346:Heart Septum; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D008297:Male; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000139:chemically induced; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases / Q000097:blood*; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling; D000097792:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-4
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D000431:Ethanol; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; D019714:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinases; D000097792:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-4