title: Respiratory symptoms and obstructive pulmonary disease in a population aged over 70 years.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  What is the prevalence of respiratory symptoms and obstructive pulmonary disease by age, sex, and smoking history in a population aged 70 years and older? What is the association between selected comorbidities and obstructive pulmonary disease?
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire on respiratory symptoms and disease, selected comorbidities, and smoking history was mailed to a cross-sectional, sex- and age-stratified, random sample of the population 70 years and older of Bergen, Norway.
  
  
  RESULTS
  About 11% of these elderly persons reported having at least one current obstructive pulmonary disease, 8% reported daily wheezing, and 12% reported significant dyspnea. The only respiratory symptom or disorder to show any clear age-related pattern was dyspnea, which increased through age 89 before declining. Dyspnea, current asthma, and current chronic bronchitis were about half as likely in males as females, after adjusting for smoking pack-years. Persons with obstructive pulmonary disease reported problems with walking, heart disease, and muscle/joint disease more frequently than those without.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of respiratory symptoms and obstructive pulmonary disease has been estimated. Only dyspnea was associated with age in this elderly population. Female sex was a predictor of dyspnea, current asthma, and current chronic bronchitis.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Medicine, University of Bergen, Bergen, Norway. jon.hardie@med.uib.no
authors.forename: Jon A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Hardie
authors.forename: William M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Vollmer
authors.forename: A Sonia
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Buist
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bakke
authors.forename: Odd
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mørkve
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology; D029481:Bronchitis, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology; D003371:Cough / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008173:Lung Diseases, Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000453:epidemiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires