title: The CD14 C-159T polymorphism is not associated with asthma or asthma severity in an Australian adult population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  CD14 functions as a multifunctional receptor for bacterial cell wall components including endotoxin and lipopolysaccharide and is likely to play a role in the polarisation of T lymphocytes into Th1 and Th2 subsets, thereby influencing the cytokine profile and subsequent IgE production in response to antigen/allergen contact in allergic phenotypes. A functional C-159T polymorphism has been described in the promoter region of the gene and has been associated with increased gene expression, atopy, and non-atopic asthma in different ethnic populations. A study was undertaken to examine the association between the C-159T polymorphism and asthma, asthma severity, and atopy in a large Australian white population.
  
  
  METHODS
  PCR-RFLP analysis was used to characterise the C-159T polymorphism in mild (n = 264), moderate (n = 225) and severe (n = 79) asthmatic patients and non-asthmatic controls (n = 443), including atopic (n = 688) and non-atopic (n = 323) individuals. Association analyses were performed using chi(2) tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no association between the polymorphism and asthma (p = 0.468) or asthma severity (p = 0.727), and only a very weak association with atopy (p = 0.084). A meta-analysis of all studies conducted to date revealed similar genotypic frequencies in white ethnic populations and confirmed that there was no overall association with atopy (p = 0.52) or asthma (p = 0.23), although there was significant between study heterogeneity (p = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study confirms that there is no association between the CD14 C-159T polymorphism and asthma or asthma severity and a weak association between this polymorphism and atopy in an adult population.
authors.affiliation: Asthma and Allergy Research Institute, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA 6009, Australia.
authors.forename: M-A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Kedda
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lose
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Duffy
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Upham
mesh_terms: D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D006969:Hypersensitivity, Immediate / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000235:genetics*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012044:Regression Analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors
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