title: Climate-driven regime shifts in the biological communities of arctic lakes.
abstract: Fifty-five paleolimnological records from lakes in the circumpolar Arctic reveal widespread species changes and ecological reorganizations in algae and invertebrate communities since approximately anno Domini 1850. The remoteness of these sites, coupled with the ecological characteristics of taxa involved, indicate that changes are primarily driven by climate warming through lengthening of the summer growing season and related limnological changes. The widespread distribution and similar character of these changes indicate that the opportunity to study arctic ecosystems unaffected by human influences may have disappeared.
authors.affiliation: Paleoecological Environmental Assessment and Research Laboratory, Department of Biology, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada K7L 3N6. smolj@biology.queensu.ca
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Smol
authors.forename: Alexander P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Wolfe
authors.forename: H John B
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Birks
authors.forename: Marianne S V
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Douglas
authors.forename: Vivienne J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Atte
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Korhola
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pienitz
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rühland
authors.forename: Sanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sorvari
authors.forename: Dermot
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Antoniades
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.forename: Marie-Andrée
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Fallu
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: Bronwyn E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Keatley
authors.forename: Tamsin E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Laing
authors.forename: Neal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Michelutti
authors.forename: Larisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nazarova
authors.forename: Marjut
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nyman
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Paterson
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Perren
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Quinlan
authors.forename: Milla
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rautio
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Saulnier-Talbot
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Siitonen
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Solovieva
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weckström
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001110:Arctic Regions; D044822:Biodiversity; D003081:Cold Climate; D017753:Ecosystem; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005618:Fresh Water; D017752:Greenhouse Effect; D007448:Invertebrates; D013997:Time Factors; D014871:Water Microbiology
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