title: Direct-push hydrostratigraphic profiling: coupling electrical logging and slug tests.
abstract: Spatial variations in hydraulic conductivity (K) can significantly affect the transport of contaminants in ground water. Conventional field methods, however, rarely provide a description of these variations at the level of detail necessary for reliable transport predictions and effective remediation designs. A direct-push (DP) method, hydrostratigraphic profiling, has been developed to characterize the spatial variability of both electrical conductivity (EC) and hydraulic conductivity in unconsolidated formations in a cost-effective manner. This method couples a dual-rod approach for performing slug tests in DP equipment with high-resolution EC logging. The method was evaluated at an extensively studied site in the Kansas River floodplain. A series of profiles was performed on a surface grid, resulting in a detailed depiction of the three-dimensional distribution of EC and K. Good agreement was found between K estimates obtained from this approach and those obtained using other methods. The results of the field evaluation indicate that DP hydrostratigraphic profiling is a promising method for obtaining detailed information about spatial variations in subsurface properties without the need for permanent wells.
authors.affiliation: Kansas Geological Survey, 1930 Constant Ave., Campus West, University of Kansas, Lawrence, KS 66047, USA.
authors.forename: Stephen M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Sellwood
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Healey
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Birk
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Butler
mesh_terms: D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry*; D014872:Water Movements; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical