[Molecular genetics of Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease].
Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease (CMT) affects the peripheral nervous system. It is generally inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern, but also is inherited in recessive or an X-linked pattern. The degree of severity can vary greatly from patient to patient, even within the same family. Traditionally, the different classes of CMT have been divided into demyelinating forms and axonal forms. Until 10 years ago, the genetic basis of CMT disease was largely unknown. An intrachromosomal duplication on chromosome 17 was found in 1991, and a point mutation in the peripheral myelin protein-22 gene was discovered in 1992. The work starts a new stage of the molecular basis of this large group of peripheral neuropathies. In this review, we will summarize what is known today about the genetics of CMT, and what we have learned about the underlying disease mechanisms.
Zhang
Yuan-zhi
YZ
Department of Medical Genetics, Peking University Health Science Center.
Zhong
Nanbert
N
D000818:Animals; D002607:Charcot-Marie-Tooth Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D002886:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 17 / Q000235:genetics*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009185:Myelin Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D017354:Point Mutation; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics*; D054558:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor
D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009185:Myelin Proteins; D016900:Neurofilament Proteins; C073687:PMP22 protein, human; C044882:neurofilament protein L; C086745:periaxin; C408986:MTMR2 protein, human; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D054558:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Non-Receptor