title: Structural characterization of TiN/NbN multilayers: X-ray diffraction, energy-filtered TEM and Fresnel contrast techniques compared.
abstract: Two TiN/NbN multilayers with wavelength 13.6 and 6.15 nm have been characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fresnel contrast analysis (FCA) and energy-filtered transmission electron microscopy (EFTEM). Good agreement between the composition profile obtained by FCA and EFTEM is obtained if the lower resolution of the EFTEM images is taken into account. The relative advantages and disadvantages of the techniques are discussed. Used together the two TEM techniques provide a quantitative characterization that is consistent with, and for some parameters provides more precise values than, that from XRD. The analysis shows that the multilayers have narrow interfaces (< 1 nm) and a composition amplitude close to 95% for the longer wavelength.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Metallurgy, University of Cambridge, Pembroke Street, Cambridge CB2 3QZ, UK. sjl16@cus.cam.ac.uk
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Lloyd
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Molina-Aldareguia
authors.forename: W J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Clegg