title: Analysis of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-6, interleukin-1beta, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors I and II, interleukin-6 soluble receptor, interleukin-1 soluble receptor type II, interleukin-1 receptor antagonist, and protein in the synovial fluid of patients with temporomandibular joint disorders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure the levels of various cytokines, cytokine receptors, and cytokine antagonists in the synovial fluid of patients with temporomandibular disorders (TMD) and to determine the correlations among these expression levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Synovial fluid was obtained from 55 patients with TMD and from 5 asymptomatic healthy volunteers as controls. The concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, interleukin (IL)-6, IL-1beta, soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors I and II (sTNFR-I and sTNFR-II), IL-6 soluble receptor (IL-6sR), IL-1 soluble receptor type II, and IL-1 receptor antagonist were determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The concentrations of TNF-alpha, IL-6, IL-1beta, sTNFR-I, and sTNFR-II were significantly higher in the synovial fluid of patients than in controls (P < .05). TNF-alpha level was positively correlated with those of IL-6, sTNFR-I, and sTNFR-II. In particular, there was a highly significant positive correlation between sTNFR-I and sTNFR-II.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TNF and sTNFRs in the synovial fluid of patients with TMD may be important in the pathogenesis of these disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Ishikawa-Ken, Japan. k-k@kanazawa-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Keiseki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kaneyama
authors.forename: Natsuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Segami
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Kazuma
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujimura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine / Q000032:analysis* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000032:analysis; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D011506:Proteins; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha