title: Mild hypothermia provides significant protection against ischemia/reperfusion injury in livers of obese and lean rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of anesthesia induced mild systemic hypothermia on hepatic injury in lean and obese rats during warm ischemia.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Hepatic warm ischemia during surgery remains a significant problem, particularly in organs with presumed baseline dysfunction.
  
  
  METHODS
  The left and median lobes of male lean and obese Zucker rats were exposed to 75 minutes of ischemia under either mild hypothermic or normothermic conditions. After 75 minutes of ischemia, the organs were reperfused and animals were observed for 24 hours. Surviving animals were killed and blood and tissue was harvested to determine liver enzymes and examine the histology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mild hypothermia significantly decreased hepatocellular injury in both lean and obese rats. Biochemical markers of hepatic injury were significantly reduced in hypothermic groups (P < 0.01). Survival in normo- and hypothermic lean groups were not different at 24 hours of reperfusion. However, hypothermia profoundly increased survival in obese rats when compared with normothermic obese rats (100% versus 20%, P < 0.01). Necrosis was more pronounced in both normothermic lean and obese animals who experienced more than >75% necrosis when compared with hypothermic animals. In contrast, mild hypothermia reduced necrosis in lean rats to less than 25% and in obese rats to less than 50%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrated in a clinically relevant model that mild hypothermia significantly reduces hepatic injury in a warm ischemia model in lean and obese rats and significantly improved 24-hour survival in obese rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Soojinna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Joonhwa
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Noh
authors.forename: Ryutaro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferell
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bedolli
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Claus U
authors.initials: CU
authors.lastname: Niemann
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000758:Anesthesia; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D003250:Constriction; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology; D051381:Rats; D011924:Rats, Zucker; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013851:Thinness
chemical_list: D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D003402:Creatine Kinase
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