title: No apparent association between genetic polymorphisms (-102 C>T) and (-9 T>C) in the human manganese superoxide dismutase gene and gastric cancer(1).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) plays a critical role in the detoxification of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, constituting a major cellular defense mechanism against agents that induce oxidative stress. A genetic polymorphism in the mitochondrial targeting sequence of this gene has been associated with increased cancer risk. This one base pair transition (-9 T>C) leads to a Val to Ala amino acid change in the mitochondrial targeting sequence. In addition, the MnSOD promoter contains an activator protein-2 (AP-2) binding site that modifies transcription of MnSOD. Mutations have been identified in the proximal region of the promoter in human tumor cell lines. One of these mutations (-102 C>T) has been shown to change the binding pattern of AP-2, leading to a reduction in transcriptional activity. The aim of our study was to investigate possible associations of the (-9 T>C) and (-102 C>T) polymorphisms with gastric cancer in a population-based case-control study conducted in Warsaw, Poland.
  
  
  METHODS
  DNA was obtained from a population based case-control study of stomach cancer conducted in Warsaw, Poland, between 1994 and 1996. The MnSOD -9 T>C genotype was determined by PCR-RFLP assay. The MnSOD -102 C>T genotype was determined using a TaqMan allele discrimination assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of the -102 C>T polymorphism was 41% (38/91) in gastric cancer cases and 38% (50/130) in the controls (odds ratio [OR] 1.1, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.6-2.1). The frequency of the -9 T>C polymorphism was 44% (202/464) in cases and 56% (262/464) in controls (OR 1.1; 95% CI 0.9-1.37). The lack of association was observed in both non-smokers (OR 1.5; 95% CI 0.7-2.34) and smokers (OR 1.1; 95% CI 0.7-1.7). Furthermore, the association was not significant when smokers were segregated by extent of smoking history.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The association of the manganese superoxide dismutase polymorphisms at -102 C>T and the -9 T>C were not found to be associated with gastric cancer in a Polish case-control study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, James Graham Brown Cancer Center, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA. Robert.martin@louisville.edu
authors.forename: Robert C G
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.forename: Kalista
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Doll
authors.forename: Benjamin D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Martini
authors.forename: Jolanta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lissowska
authors.forename: Witold
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zatonski
authors.forename: Nathaniel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rothman
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Hein
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011044:Poland; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D013482:Superoxide Dismutase