title: MyD88 is critical for the development of innate and adaptive immunity during acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus infection.
abstract: We investigated the roles of Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) and myeloid differentiation factor 88 (MyD88) in the course of a lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus (LCMV) infection and revealed the following: (i) studies of transfected cells and murine peritoneal macrophages demonstrated that TLR2 and MyD88 are essential for the initial pro-inflammatory cytokine response (human IL-8, mouse IL-6) to LCMV; (ii) TLR2 knockout (KO) mice and MyD88 KO mice challenged with LCMV produced less IL-6 and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 in the serum than wild-type mice; (iii) in contrast to inflammatory cytokines, the production of type 1 IFN (IFN-alpha) in response to LCMV was MyD88 independent; (iv) MyD88 plays an essential role in antiviral CD8(+) T cell responses, CD8(+) T cells in MyD88 KO mice were defective in their expression of intracellular antiviral cytokines; and (v) the failure of MyD88 KO mice to activate CD8(+) T cells was accompanied by persistent viral infection in MyD88 KO mice. We demonstrate that TLR-mediated responses are important in the innate immune response to LCMV and that MyD88 is essential for the control of the LCMV infection and the maturation/activation of virus-specific CD8(+) T cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical Center, Worcester, USA.
authors.forename: Shenghua
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Evelyn A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Kurt-Jones
authors.forename: Leisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mandell
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cerny
authors.forename: Melvin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Douglas T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Golenbock
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Finberg
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000818:Animals; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D008216:Lymphocytic Choriomeningitis / Q000276:immunology*; D008217:Lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus / Q000276:immunology; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D016207:Cytokines; C507779:MYD88 protein, human; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; C507780:Myd88 protein, mouse; D053594:Myeloid Differentiation Factor 88; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; C495342:TLR2 protein, human; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors