Memory reconsolidation engages only a subset of immediate-early genes induced during consolidation.
The relationship between memory consolidation and reconsolidation at the molecular level is poorly understood. Here, we identify three immediate-early genes that are differentially regulated in the mouse hippocampus after contextual fear conditioning and reactivation of the context-shock memory: serum- and glucocorticoid-induced kinase 1 (SGK1), SGK3, and nerve growth factor-inducible gene B (NGFI-B). The upregulation of SGK1 expression was not specific for the context-shock association and therefore not suitable for a comparison of contextual memory consolidation and reconsolidation. SGK3 expression was upregulated during both consolidation and reconsolidation. Analysis of SGK3 expression showed that expression changes elicited by a context-shock association during consolidation can subsequently be recapitulated during reconsolidation and that the transcriptional changes induced by retrieval depend on the remoteness of the memory. On the other hand, we found that NGFI-B is regulated during consolidation but not reconsolidation. This consolidation-specific regulation occurs in hippocampal area CA1. Our discovery of a consolidation-specific transcription indicates that reconsolidation is only a partial recapitulation of consolidation at the transcriptional level. Such partial rather than total recapitulation may have evolved as a more economic and reliable mechanism for organisms to modify memory.
von Hertzen
Laura S J
LS
Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, United Kingdom.
Giese
K Peter
KP
D000818:Animals; D000841:Anisomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D003214:Conditioning, Classical; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D004597:Electroshock; D005108:Extinction, Psychological; D005239:Fear / Q000502:physiology*; D046352:Freezing Reaction, Cataleptic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017781:Genes, Immediate-Early; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000502:physiology*; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D057105:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D011987:Receptors, Steroid / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D000099184:Serum-Glucocorticoid Regulated Kinases
D000841:Anisomycin; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D057105:Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D011987:Receptors, Steroid; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000099184:Serum-Glucocorticoid Regulated Kinases; C539818:Nr4a1 protein, mouse; C504729:Sgk2 protein, mouse
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