title: A comprehensive classification system for lipids.
abstract: Lipids are produced, transported, and recognized by the concerted actions of numerous enzymes, binding proteins, and receptors. A comprehensive analysis of lipid molecules, "lipidomics," in the context of genomics and proteomics is crucial to understanding cellular physiology and pathology; consequently, lipid biology has become a major research target of the postgenomic revolution and systems biology. To facilitate international communication about lipids, a comprehensive classification of lipids with a common platform that is compatible with informatics requirements has been developed to deal with the massive amounts of data that will be generated by our lipid community. As an initial step in this development, we divide lipids into eight categories (fatty acyls, glycerolipids, glycerophospholipids, sphingolipids, sterol lipids, prenol lipids, saccharolipids, and polyketides) containing distinct classes and subclasses of molecules, devise a common manner of representing the chemical structures of individual lipids and their derivatives, and provide a 12 digit identifier for each unique lipid molecule. The lipid classification scheme is chemically based and driven by the distinct hydrophobic and hydrophilic elements that compose the lipid. This structured vocabulary will facilitate the systematization of lipid biology and enable the cataloging of lipids and their properties in a way that is compatible with other macromolecular databases.
authors.affiliation: San Diego Supercomputer Center, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, CA 92093-0505, USA.
authors.forename: Eoin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fahy
authors.forename: Shankar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Subramaniam
authors.forename: H Alex
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Christopher K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Glass
authors.forename: Alfred H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Merrill
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Christian R H
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Raetz
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Yousuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Seyama
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Friedrich
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Spener
authors.forename: Gerrit
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: van Meer
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: VanNieuwenhze
authors.forename: Stephen H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Joseph L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Witztum
authors.forename: Edward A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Dennis
mesh_terms: D003628:Database Management Systems; D008055:Lipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009626:Terminology as Topic
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids