title: Treatment of Staphylococcus epidermidis endophthalmitis with intravitreal moxifloxacin in a rabbit model.
abstract: Staphylococcus epidermidis is one of the most common causes of postoperative infectious endophthalmitis, which is a serious complication of ocular surgery and penetrating trauma. Moxifloxacin is a newly developed fluoroquinolone with a potent antimicrobial activity. Corticosteroids are used in endophthalmitis to suppress devastating intraocular inflammatory response. This study was designed to assess the efficacy of intravitreal moxifloxacin alone and in combination with intravitreal dexamethasone. To the best of our knowledge, there is no published report demonstrating the effect of intravitreal moxifloxacin on bacterial endophthalmitis. One eye of each rabbit (n=24) was infected by inoculation of 10(5) colony-forming units (CFU) of S. epidermidis into the vitreus cavity. Rabbits received intravitreal injection of moxifloxacin (50 microg) or a combination of moxifloxacin (50 microg) and dexamethasone (400 microg). No treatment was given to control group. Clinical and histopathological examination scores and microbiological analysis of vitreus aspirates were compared. In the treatment groups, the clinical and histopathological scores and mean CFU were significantly lower than those in the control group (p <0.05) but showed no significant difference between the treatment groups. These results suggest that intravitreal injection of moxifloxacin is effective against S. epidermidis in this experimental rabbit model. Moxifloxacin may be a promising agent in the treatment of bacterial endophthalmitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, School of Medicine, University of Afyon Kocatepe, Turkey. sametermis@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Sitki Samet
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Ermis
authors.forename: Zafer
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cetinkaya
authors.forename: Halil
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiyici
authors.forename: Faruk
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ozturk
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001372:Aza Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy*; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D007249:Inflammation; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D011804:Quinolines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011817:Rabbits; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000378:metabolism*; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000378:metabolism*; D013234:Stem Cells; D013997:Time Factors; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001372:Aza Compounds; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D011804:Quinolines; D003907:Dexamethasone; D000077266:Moxifloxacin