title: Comparison between Candida albicans agglutinin-like sequence gene expression patterns in human clinical specimens and models of vaginal candidiasis.
abstract: Expression of the eight genes in the Candida albicans agglutinin-like sequence (ALS) family was studied by reverse transcription-PCR of RNA isolated from clinical vaginal fluid specimens and vaginal candidiasis model systems. Although expression of all ALS genes was detected across the set of clinical specimens, ALS1, ALS2, ALS3, and ALS9 transcripts were detected most frequently, and expression of ALS4 and ALS5 was detected least frequently. Laboratory strain 3153A and two C. albicans strains isolated from the clinical specimens were studied using two models of vaginal candidiasis to determine how closely these models mimicked the clinical specimens at the level of gene expression. ALS gene expression patterns in a murine vaginitis model were identical to those from the clinical specimens. Expression of more ALS genes was detected in specimens collected 7 days after infection compared to those collected at 4 days. Similar patterns of ALS gene expression were observed when the three C. albicans strains were tested in the reconstituted human vaginal epithelium model. In this model, expression of ALS4, ALS5, ALS6, and ALS7 was least frequently detected. Negative or weakened signals for ALS4 expression were observed at early time points, suggesting that ALS4 expression, which was strong in the inoculum cells, was down-regulated upon contact of C. albicans with vaginal epithelial cells in this model. The data presented here support the conclusion of host-site-specific influences on ALS gene expression and validate the use of the experimental models for evaluating the phenotype of als/als mutant strains.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathobiology, University of Illinois, Urbana, 2522 VMBSB, 2001 S. Lincoln Avenue, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
authors.forename: Georgina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wozniak
authors.forename: Matthew A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Wallig
authors.forename: Paul L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Fidel
authors.forename: Suzanne R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Trupin
authors.forename: Lois L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Hoyer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000373:Agglutinins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002181:Candidiasis, Vulvovaginal / Q000382:microbiology*; D002460:Cell Line; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D000373:Agglutinins; D005656:Fungal Proteins
references.citation: Mol Microbiol. 1998 Jul;29(2):605-15
references.pmid: 9720876
references.citation: Infect Immun. 2003 Jun;71(6):3227-34
references.pmid: 12761103
references.citation: Yeast. 2001 Jan 15;18(1):49-60
references.pmid: 11124701
references.citation: Clin Microbiol Rev. 1999 Jan;12(1):80-96
references.pmid: 9880475
references.citation: Infect Immun. 1997 Dec;65(12):5289-94
references.pmid: 9393828
references.citation: Microbiology (Reading). 2004 Feb;150(Pt 2):267-275
references.pmid: 14766904
references.citation: Microbiology (Reading). 1995 Jul;141 ( Pt 7):1507-21
references.pmid: 7551019
references.citation: J Invest Dermatol. 2000 Apr;114(4):712-7
references.pmid: 10733678
references.citation: Arch Microbiol. 2000 Nov;174(5):362-74
references.pmid: 11131027
references.citation: Mol Microbiol. 1995 Jan;15(1):39-54
references.pmid: 7752895
references.citation: J Infect Dis. 2001 Nov 1;184(9):1170-5
references.pmid: 11598840
references.citation: Biol Chem. 2002 Jul-Aug;383(7-8):1087-93
references.pmid: 12437091
references.citation: Infect Immun. 1999 May;67(5):2482-90
references.pmid: 10225911
references.citation: Yeast. 2000 Jun 30;16(9):847-55
references.pmid: 10861907
references.citation: Microbiol Mol Biol Rev. 2003 Sep;67(3):400-28, table of contents
references.pmid: 12966142
references.citation: Genome Res. 2003 Sep;13(9):2005-17
references.pmid: 12952872
references.citation: Curr Protoc Mol Biol. 2001 May;Chapter 13:Unit13.12
references.pmid: 18265096
references.citation: Mol Microbiol. 1999 Oct;34(1):169-80
references.pmid: 10540295
references.citation: Microbiology (Reading). 2004 Jul;150(Pt 7):2415-2428
references.pmid: 15256583
references.citation: J Bacteriol. 1998 Oct;180(20):5334-43
references.pmid: 9765564
references.citation: Infect Immun. 1993 May;61(5):1990-5
references.pmid: 8097493
references.citation: Antimicrob Agents Chemother. 1997 Mar;41(3):617-23
references.pmid: 9056003
references.citation: Curr Opin Microbiol. 1998 Dec;1(6):687-92
references.pmid: 10066539
references.citation: Curr Genet. 1998 Jun;33(6):451-9
references.pmid: 9644209
references.citation: Cell Microbiol. 2002 Aug;4(8):461-9
references.pmid: 12174081
references.citation: Mol Microbiol. 2002 Apr;44(1):61-72
references.pmid: 11967069
references.citation: Infect Immun. 2000 Feb;68(2):651-7
references.pmid: 10639429
references.citation: FEMS Yeast Res. 2004 Jan;4(4-5):401-8
references.pmid: 14734020
references.citation: Mol Gen Genet. 1984;198(2):179-82
references.pmid: 6394964
references.citation: Trends Microbiol. 2001 Apr;9(4):176-80
references.pmid: 11286882
references.citation: J Infect Dis. 2002 Apr 15;185(8):1094-102
references.pmid: 11930319
references.citation: Microbiology (Reading). 2003 Oct;149(Pt 10):2947-2960
references.pmid: 14523127
references.citation: J Infect Dis. 2003 Aug 1;188(3):469-79
references.pmid: 12870130
references.citation: Am J Obstet Gynecol. 1998 Feb;178(2):203-11
references.pmid: 9500475