title: Comparison of performance by otolaryngologists, pediatricians, and general practioners on an otoendoscopic diagnostic video examination.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the performance of United States, South African, and Greek otolaryngologists, pediatricians, and general practitioners in recognizing the otoscopic examination findings of acute otitis media (AOM) and otitis media with effusion (OME) as presented in an otoendoscopic video evaluation test.
  
  
  METHODS
  Otolaryngologists, pediatricians, and general practitioners from the United States (n = 273, 2190, and 360 respectively), South Africa (n = 36, 36, and 206), and Greece (n = 58, 115, and 126) viewed nine different video-recorded otoscopic examinations, including pneumatic otoscopy of tympanic membranes. The ability to differentiate AOM, OME, and normal was ascertained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, the average +/- standard deviation correct diagnosis on the otoscopic video exam by otolaryngologists was superior to pediatricians and general practitioners in all three countries: from the United States, it was 74 +/- 16% for otolaryngologists versus 51 +/- 11% for pediatricians (p < 0.000l) and 46+/-21% for general practitioners (p < 0.0001); from South Africa, it was 72 +/- 16% versus 53 +/- 21% (p = 0.16) and 47 +/- 19% (p = 0.002); and from Greece, it was 61 +/- 15% versus 36 +/- 12% (p < 0.003) and 39 +/- 10% (p = 0.009).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A video-based otoscopy examination test may be a useful tool for evaluation of otoscopy-based diagnostic skills. Otolaryngologists performed significantly better than pediatricians in differentiating AOM, OME, and normal in such a test described here. However, all specialists who examine patients with AOM or OME may benefit from viewing video otoscopies to improve diagnostic accuracy.
authors.affiliation: Elmwood Pediatric Group, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 672, Rochester, NY 14642, USA. michael_pichichero@urmc.rochester.edu
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Pichichero
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Poole
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010034:Otitis Media with Effusion / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D010036:Otolaryngology / Q000379:methods*; D038781:Otoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000379:methods*; D010821:Physicians, Family; D011361:Professional Competence; D013019:South Africa; D014432:Tympanic Membrane / Q000503:physiopathology; D014481:United States; D014741:Video Recording