title: Mucosal expression of cyclooxygenase isoforms 1 and 2 is increased with worsening damage to the gastric mucosa.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that both COX-1 and COX-2 expression in human gastric mucosa is up-regulated in the presence of inflammation as seen in patients with gastritis and gastric ulcers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We performed immunohistochemistry using COX-1 and COX-2 monoclonal antibodies on gastric biopsies from 59 patients with normal mucosa, gastritis and gastric ulcers. Expression of COX-1 and COX-2 was quantified using an intensity proportion scoring system. Expression of COX-1 was primarily seen in the lamina propria mononuclear cells with some expression in deep gastric glands in the ulcer group. Expression of COX-2 was primarily seen in the deep gastric glands with focal expression in the lamina propria mononuclear cells. We found a stepwise increase in the expression of both COX-1 and COX-2 as mucosal damage progressed from normal to gastritis to gastric ulcer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that both COX-1 and COX-2 expression in the gastric mucosa are increased in the setting of gastritis and gastric ulceration. Although this increased expression may be due, at least in part, to an increase in inflammatory cell numbers, this study raises the possibility that both COX-1 and COX-2 are inducible, contrary to the traditionally held view of only COX-2 being inducible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Southampton University Hospitals, Southampton, UK.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bhandari
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Bateman
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Mehta
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Patel
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D005756:Gastritis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008875:Middle Aged; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496511:PTGS1 protein, human; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases