title: Knowledge and practice: the risk of cardiovascular disease among Asian Indians. Results from focus groups conducted in Asian Indian communities in Northern California.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The focus groups were utilized to gather information on the perceptions of cardiovascular risk within the Asian Indian community, and to identify opportunities to design health promotion and intervention programs for Asian Indian communities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Qualitative methods were utilized to obtain perceptions of cardiovascular risk within 3 Asian Indian communities. Eight focus groups were conducted in either English or Punjabi.
  
  
  METHODS
  These focus groups were conducted as part of a 3-year community-based participatory research project examining cardiovascular risk factors among the Asian Indian population in Northern California.
  
  
  METHODS
  Focus group participants were selected through referrals from community-based organizations, postings in local community centers, and businesses. Fifty-seven men and women were recruited using snowball sampling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six themes emerged from the focus groups: knowledge of cardiovascular disease, health and cultural concerns regarding diet, physical activity levels, stress as a factor for cardiovascular disease, acculturation concerns, and cardiovascular prevention ideas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of focus groups was an effective method for gathering information on perceptions of cardiovascular risk, and collecting information on risk behaviors within these Asian Indian communities. In this study, we found that psychosocial and cultural factors, especially cultural issues concerning stress and acculturation, surfaced as key elements across all 8 focus groups.
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Care Evaluation, VA Palo Alto Healthcare System (MPD 152) and Stanford University School of Medicine, CA 94025, USA. Preety.Kalra@med.va.gov
authors.forename: Preety
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kalra
authors.forename: Shobha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Srinivasan
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ivey
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Greenlund
mesh_terms: D000069:Acculturation; D002140:California; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003469:Culture; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D008297:Male; D012306:Risk; D013315:Stress, Psychological