title: Bone marrow-derived dendritic cell vaccination of dogs with naturally occurring melanoma by using human gp100 antigen.
abstract: Canine malignant melanoma (CMM) is a common and aggressive form of cancer in dogs. Established therapeutic approaches such as surgery, chemotherapy, and radiation therapy (RT) have not proven curative. As a coadjuvant of RT and to enhance the antimelanoma immune response, we characterized dendritic cells (DCs) from the bone marrow (BM) of dogs with CMM, ex vivo, for use in therapeutic vaccines. BM mononuclear cells from 3 dogs with melanoma and from 1 healthy dog were cultured for 12 days in media supplemented with recombinant human granulocyte-macrophage colony stimulating factor, stem cell factor, tumor necrosis factor, and Flt-3 ligand. On day 11, DCs were transduced with an adenovirus vector encoding a xenoantigen, human melanoma antigen gp100. Each dog received 3 subcutaneous vaccinations over a 4-month period. Phenotypic analysis of the expanded DC population demonstrated expression of CD11c/CD18 and major histocompatibility complex class II surface markers, and ultrastructural features characteristic of DCs were observed on electron microscopy. On functional analysis, these DCs were able to stimulate allo-reactivity and capture and express gp100. One dog demonstrated antigen-specific cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) activity in peripheral blood lymphocytes. This dog has displayed no clinical signs, either locally or systemically, of recurrent melanoma 48 months after initial DC injection. However, another dog, which was CTL negative, relapsed 22 months after vaccination. Ex vivo DC expansion is feasible for immunotherapy of spontaneous cancers in outbred dogs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gyorffy
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Lecompte
authors.forename: J Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.forename: Ronan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Foley
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kruth
authors.forename: Patricia C Y
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Liaw
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gauldie
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000276:immunology; D039521:CD11c Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D018821:CD18 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000662:veterinary; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000494:pharmacology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000662:veterinary; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology*; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000378:metabolism; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary*; D058951:gp100 Melanoma Antigen
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D039521:CD11c Antigen; D018821:CD18 Antigens; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D006133:Growth Substances; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C548637:PMEL protein, human; D058951:gp100 Melanoma Antigen