title: Metal-enhanced fluorescence: an emerging tool in biotechnology.
abstract: Over the past 15 years, fluorescence has become the dominant detection/sensing technology in medical diagnostics and biotechnology. Although fluorescence is a highly sensitive technique, where single molecules can readily be detected, there is still a drive for reduced detection limits. The detection of a fluorophore is usually limited by its quantum yield, autofluorescence of the samples and/or the photostability of the fluorophores; however, there has been a recent explosion in the use of metallic nanostructures to favorably modify the spectral properties of fluorophores and to alleviate some of these fluorophore photophysical constraints. The use of fluorophore-metal interactions has been termed radiative decay engineering, metal-enhanced fluorescence or surface-enhanced fluorescence.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Advanced Medical Plasmonics, Medical Biotechnology Center, University of Maryland Biotechnology Institute, 725 West Lombard Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA.
authors.forename: Kadir
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aslan
authors.forename: Ignacy
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gryczynski
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Malicka
authors.forename: Evgenia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Matveeva
authors.forename: Joseph R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lakowicz
authors.forename: Chris D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Geddes
mesh_terms: D001709:Biotechnology / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D043942:Nanotubes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000648:ultrastructure; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D013673:Technology Assessment, Biomedical
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008670:Metals
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