title: Keratinocyte growth factor-1 expression in healthy and diseased human periodontal tissues.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Keratinocyte growth factor-1 (KGF-1) is up-regulated in chronic inflammation and specifically stimulates epithelial cell proliferation by signaling through the epithelial-specific keratinocyte growth factor receptor (KGFR). We examined KGF-1 and KGFR protein and gene expression in healthy and diseased periodontal tissues.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tissues were collected from patients with periodontal health or disease, immediately frozen and stained for KGF-1 and KGFR protein expression. Laser capture microdissection of epithelial and connective tissue cells with reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) examined KGF-1 and KGFR gene expression profiles and enzymatic digestion with heparitinase, chondroitinase ABC or pre-treatment with suramin examined epithelial surface molecule interactions with KGF-1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In tissues collected from healthy patients, KGF-1 protein localized to areas of junctional and basal oral epithelial cells and was significantly increased in periodontal pocket epithelium (p<0.01) and in the oral epithelium (p<0.05) of disease-associated tissues. KGFR localized to the junctional and the parabasal cells of oral epithelium, with the relative staining intensity being increased in disease-associated pocket epithelium (p<0.05). Laser capture microdissection with RT-PCR confirmed KGF-1 and KGFR were specifically expressed by connective tissue and epithelium, respectively. KGF-1 localization to epithelial cells was largely eliminated by suramin pre-treatment, indicating interaction with the KGFR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  KGF-1 and KGFR proteins are expressed in healthy periodontal tissues but significantly increased in diseased periodontal tissues. We hypothesize up-regulation of KGF-1 and KGFR protein associated with disease regulates epithelial cell behavior associated with onset and progression of periodontal pocket formation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Periodontal Biology, Department of Oral Biological and Medical Sciences, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: James D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Firth
authors.forename: Edward E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Putnins
mesh_terms: D051523:Fibroblast Growth Factor 7; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods; D005881:Gingiva / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007834:Lasers; D042282:Microdissection / Q000379:methods; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D051497:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C496453:FGF7 protein, human; D017468:Receptors, Fibroblast Growth Factor; D051523:Fibroblast Growth Factor 7; D005346:Fibroblast Growth Factors; D051497:Receptor, Fibroblast Growth Factor, Type 2; C065104:keratinocyte growth factor receptor