Multiple stressors and coronary disease in women. The Stockholm Female Coronary Risk Study.
We proposed that double exposure to stressors at work and from family are associated with increased coronary risk in women and that the same exposures are accompanied by depressive feelings. The study group comprised 292 women coronary patients (30-65 years) and 292 age-matched healthy controls. Work-stress, marital-stress, and depressive symptoms were assessed by standardized questionnaires and evaluated in both case-control and 5-year follow-up analyses. We found that double exposure to stress from work and family was accompanied by the highest risk and the worst prognosis in women's coronary disease. In women patients depressive feelings were frequent, and they were more closely related to family than to work stress. In healthy women, both stressors, but in particular their combination, lead to depressive symptoms.
Orth-Gomér
Kristina
K
Karolinska Institutet, Department of Public Health Sciences, P.O. Box 220, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. k.orth-gomer@phs.ki.se
Leineweber
Constanze
C
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000401:mortality / Q000523:psychology*; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008393:Marriage / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000401:mortality / Q000523:psychology; D010359:Patient Readmission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications*; D015996:Survival Rate; D013548:Sweden; D016526:Workload / Q000523:psychology*