title: Role of histone deacetylation in cell-specific expression of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase.
abstract: Histone acetylation plays an important role in chromatin remodeling and gene expression. The molecular mechanisms involved in cell-specific expression of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase (eNOS) are not fully understood. In this study we investigated whether histone deacetylation was involved in repression of eNOS expression in non-endothelial cells. Induction of eNOS expression by histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors trichostatin A (TSA) and sodium butyrate was observed in all four different types of non-endothelial cells examined. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays showed that the induction of eNOS expression by TSA was accompanied by a remarkable increase of acetylation of histone H3 associated with the eNOS 5'-flanking region in the non-endothelial cells. Moreover, DNA methylation-mediated repression of eNOS promoter activity was partially reversed by TSA treatment, and combined treatment of TSA and 5-aza-2'-deoxycytidine (AzadC) synergistically induced eNOS expression in non-endothelial cells. The proximal Sp1 site is critical for basal activity of eNOS promoter. The induction of eNOS by inhibition of HDACs in non-endothelial cells, however, appeared not mediated by the changes in Sp1 DNA binding activity. We further showed that Sp1 bound to the endogenous eNOS promoter and associated with HDAC1 in non-endothelial HeLa cells. Combined TSA and AzadC treatment increased Sp1 binding to the endogenous eNOS promoter but decreased the association between HDAC1 and Sp1 in HeLa cells. Our data suggest that HDAC1 plays a critical role in eNOS repression, and the proximal Sp1 site may serve a key target for HDCA1-mediated eNOS repression in non-endothelial cells.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Michael E. DeBakey Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Yehua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gan
authors.forename: Ying H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xinwen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Budi
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Utama
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xing Li
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D001374:Azacitidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D019175:DNA Methylation; D000077209:Decitabine; D006367:HeLa Cells; D056284:Histone Deacetylase 1; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000378:metabolism; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006657:Histones; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor; C012589:trichostatin A; D000077209:Decitabine; C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C110550:HDAC1 protein, human; D056284:Histone Deacetylase 1; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D001374:Azacitidine
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