title: A role for sphingolipids in producing the common features of type 2 diabetes, metabolic syndrome X, and Cushing's syndrome.
abstract: Metabolic syndrome X and type 2 diabetes share many metabolic and morphological similarities with Cushing's syndrome, a rare disorder caused by systemic glucocorticoid excess. Pathologies frequently associated with these diseases include insulin resistance, atherosclerosis, susceptibility to infection, poor wound healing, and hypertension. The similarity of the clinical profiles associated with these disorders suggests the influence of a common molecular mechanism for disease onset. Interestingly, numerous studies identify ceramides and other sphingolipids as potential contributors to these sequelae. Herein we review studies demonstrating that aberrant ceramide accumulation contributes to the development of the deleterious clinical manifestations associated with these diseases.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT 84132, USA. scott.summers@hsc.utah.edu
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Summers
authors.forename: Don H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Nelson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002518:Ceramides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D003480:Cushing Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015394:Molecular Structure
chemical_list: D002518:Ceramides