title: [Tolerable upper intake level on vitamins and minerals].
abstract: According to the safety assessments of all vitamins and minerals intake undertaken by the US Institute of Medicine's Food and Nutrition Board (FNB), UK MAFF Expert Group on Safety and European Scientific Committee on Food, we are reviewing that the rationale of making ULs (the risk of experiencing adverse effects, assessment for dosage and reaction and Uncertainty Factors); comparing ULs of main vitamins and minerals between Chinese and American, and introducing new concepts of ULs on vitamin A, D, Ca, Cu, I, P, Se, Fe and V.
authors.affiliation: Wyeth Consumer Healthcare, Shanghai 200041, China.
authors.forename: Jianlie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Xiaoshu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D008903:Minerals / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D018673:Nutrition Policy; D014481:United States; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D008903:Minerals; D014815:Vitamins