title: Stoichiometry of antibody neutralization of human immunodeficiency virus type 1.
abstract: The human immunodeficiency virus envelope glycoproteins function as trimers on the viral surface, where they are targeted by neutralizing antibodies. Different monoclonal antibodies neutralize human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infectivity by binding to structurally and functionally distinct moieties on the envelope glycoprotein trimer. By measuring antibody neutralization of viruses with mixtures of neutralization-sensitive and neutralization-resistant envelope glycoproteins, we demonstrate that the HIV-1 envelope glycoprotein trimer is inactivated by the binding of a single antibody molecule. Virus neutralization requires essentially all of the functional trimers to be occupied by at least one antibody. This model applies to antibodies differing in neutralizing potency and to virus isolates with various neutralization sensitivities. Understanding these requirements for HIV-1 neutralization by antibodies will assist in establishing goals for an effective AIDS vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Immunology and AIDS, Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, JFB-609, 44 Binney St., Boston, MA 02115, USA. Xinzhen_Yang@dfci.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Xinzhen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Svetla
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kurteva
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sodroski
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology; D000937:Antigen-Antibody Reactions; D001666:Binding Sites, Antibody; D015686:Gene Products, env / Q000276:immunology*; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D015488:HIV Antigens; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015686:Gene Products, env; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015488:HIV Antigens; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins
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