Molecular mechanisms of TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis in aging human T cell subsets.
TNF-alpha, a pro-inflammatory cytokine, exerts its biological activity by signaling via its two receptors, TNFR-1 and TNFR-2 and by activating NF-kappaB. NF-kappaB is essential for survival of many cell types; however, TNF-alpha also induces cell death. During human aging TNF-alpha production and TNF-alpha-induced apoptosis are increased. In this brief review, we will discuss the TNF-alpha-mediated signaling and various molecular mechanisms underlying increased apoptosis in T cell subsets in aged humans with a special reference to alterations in transcription factor NF-kappaB and Fas-associated death domain (FADD).
Gupta
Sudhir
S
Laboratories of Cellular and Molecular Immunology and Molecular Biology, Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, Medical Sciences I, C-240, University of California, Irvine, CA 92697, USA. sgupta@uci.edu
Gollapudi
Sastry
S
D000368:Aged; D017209:Apoptosis; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D016922:Cellular Senescence; D006801:Humans; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
D016328:NF-kappa B; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D047889:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type II; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha