title: Environmental strains of Cryptococcus neoformans variety grubii in the city of Santos, SP, Brazil.
abstract: This study involved a total of 116 samples, 79 taken from pigeon droppings and 37 of atmospheric air taken close to accumulations of excrement. Cryptococcus neoformans var. grubii was isolated from 11 (13.9%) of these samples. Other species of Cryptococcus were also isolated from these samples, such as C. albidus (12.6%) and C. laurentii (8.9%). C. neoformans was not isolated from the air samples, though C. albidus (5.4%) was. All the strains of C. neoformans were found to belong to the A serotype (C. neoformans var. grubii). In regard to the studies with the antifungal agents 5-fluorocytosine, fluconazole, itraconazole, amphotericin B and voriconazole, by means of the microdilution method (EUCAST), we point out that one sample demonstrated resistance to fluconazole, this being especially significant because this is an environmental strain.
authors.affiliation: Microbiology and Immunology Section, Adolfo Lutz Institute, Santos, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Maria Cecília Bianchi
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.forename: Claudete Rodrigues
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Paula
authors.forename: Amanda L T
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Dias
authors.forename: Marcos Montani
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Caseiro
authors.forename: Sérgio Olavo Pinto da
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Costa
mesh_terms: D000391:Air Microbiology; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001938:Brazil; D010856:Columbidae; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents