title: The effects of ketamine and propofol on bacterial translocation in rats after burn injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bacterial translocation (BT) occurs after thermal injury and may result from an ischemic intestinal insult. The aim of the study was to investigate the effects of ketamine and propofol as anesthetic agents on BT in an animal model of burn injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty male Wistar Albino rats were randomly assigned to six groups of 10 rats each. Anesthesia was induced and maintained with ketamine in groups 1, 2 and 3 and with propofol in groups 4, 5 and 6 during 6 h. Groups 2, 3, 5 and 6 received 30% total body surface area (TBSA) third-degree burns. Groups 1 and 4 had no burn injury. Then, they were allowed to recover from the anesthesia at the end of 6 h. Mean arterial pressure (MAP) was monitored continuously and maintained within 10% of baseline (before burn injury) levels in all animals. Animals in groups 3 and 6 had a laparotomy to obtain a tissue sample from the terminal ileum for determination of intestinal lipid peroxidation by-product malondialdehyde (MDA) before (baseline) and 6 and 24 h after burn injury (ABI). So these animals were not included in the BT studies. At postburn 24 h, animals in groups 1, 2 and 4, 5 were sacrified and samples were taken from the mesenteric lymph nodes (MLN), liver and spleen for bacteriologic cultures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of BT was found to be significantly higher in group 2 than in all the other groups. Bacterial translocation incidence of group 5 was not significantly different from that of groups 4 and 1. Group 5 was associated with a significantly reduced number of enteric organisms per gram of tissue compared to group 2. Baseline MDA contents of groups 3 and 6 were similar. Ileal MDA levels were increased in group 3, but there were no significant changes in group 6 at 6 and 24 h ABI compared to baseline.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that propofol as an anesthetic agent may prevent BT by scavenging reactive oxygen species and inhibiting lipid peroxidation in an animal model of burn injury.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Anesthesiology and Reanimation, The Ministry of Health Ankara Research and Training Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. mcyagmurdur@hotmail.com
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yagmurdur
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yagmurder
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Akca
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aksoy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arslan
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Baltaci
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Dikmen
mesh_terms: D000700:Analgesics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D018988:Bacterial Translocation / Q000187:drug effects*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002056:Burns / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007082:Ileum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007649:Ketamine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000382:microbiology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008643:Mesentery / Q000382:microbiology; D015742:Propofol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013154:Spleen / Q000382:microbiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D007649:Ketamine; D015742:Propofol