title: N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline prevents renal insufficiency and mesangial matrix expansion in diabetic db/db mice.
abstract: We have previously reported that N-acetyl-seryl-aspartyl-lysyl-proline (Ac-SDKP), which is a tetrapeptide hydrolyzed by ACE, inhibits the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta)-induced expression of extracellular matrix proteins via inhibition of the Smad signaling in human mesangial cells. To test in vivo the antifibrotic efficacy of Ac-SDKP, we examined whether long-term Ac-SDKP treatment can prevent renal insufficiency and glomerulosclerosis in diabetic db/db mice. Diabetic db/db mice or nondiabetic db/m mice were treated with Ac-SDKP for 8 weeks using osmotic minipumps. The treatment with Ac-SDKP increased plasma Ac-SDKP concentrations by approximately threefold in both groups but did not affect the blood glucose levels. Histologically, the increased glomerular surface area, mesangial matrix expansion, and overproduction of extracellular matrix proteins in db/db mice were significantly inhibited by Ac-SDKP. Furthermore, Ac-SDKP treatment normalized the increased plasma creatinine value in db/db mice, whereas the albuminuria in Ac-SDKP-treated db/db mice was somewhat decreased as compared with nontreated db/db mice, although the difference was not statistically significant. In addition, the nuclear translocation of Smad3 was inhibited by Ac-SDKP. These results demonstrate that long-term Ac-SDKP treatment ameliorates renal insufficiency and glomerulosclerosis in db/db mice via inhibition of TGF-beta/Smad pathway, suggesting that Ac-SDKP could be useful in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Shiga University of Medical Science, Otsu, Shiga, 520-2192, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shibuya
authors.forename: Keizo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kanasaki
authors.forename: Motohide
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Isono
authors.forename: Haruhisa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Mitsugu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Omata
authors.forename: Toshiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: Shin-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Isshiki
authors.forename: Atsunori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kashiwagi
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haneda
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Koya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D024141:Collagen Type IV / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D005920:Glomerular Mesangium / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051900:Smad3 Protein; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D024141:Collagen Type IV; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D005353:Fibronectins; D009842:Oligopeptides; D051900:Smad3 Protein; C497791:Smad3 protein, mouse; D015534:Trans-Activators; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C058504:goralatide