Previous induced abortions and the risk of very preterm delivery: results of the EPIPAGE study.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the risk of very preterm birth (22-32 weeks of gestation) associated with previous induced abortion according to the complications leading to very preterm delivery in singletons.


METHODS
Multicentre, case-control study (the French EPIPAGE study).


METHODS
Regionally defined population of births in France.


METHODS
The sample consisted of 1943 very preterm live-born singletons (< 33 weeks of gestation), 276 moderate preterm live-born singletons (33-34 weeks) and 618 unmatched full-term controls (39-40 weeks).


METHODS
Data from the EPIPAGE study were analysed using polytomous logistic regression models to control for social and demographic characteristics, lifestyle habits during pregnancy and obstetric history. The main mechanisms of preterm delivery were classified as gestational hypertension, antepartum haemorrhage, fetal growth restriction, premature rupture of membranes, idiopathic preterm labor and other causes.


METHODS
Odds ratios for very preterm birth by gestational age and by pregnancy complications leading to preterm delivery associated with a history of induced abortion.


RESULTS
Women with a history of induced abortion were at higher risk of very preterm delivery than those with no such history (OR + 1.5, 95% CI 1.1-2.0); the risk was even higher for extremely preterm deliveries (< 28 weeks). The association between previous induced abortion and very preterm delivery varied according to the main complications leading to very preterm delivery. A history of induced abortion was associated with an increased risk of premature rupture of the membranes, antepartum haemorrhage (not in association with hypertension) and idiopathic spontaneous preterm labour that occur at very small gestational ages (< 28 weeks). Conversely, no association was found between induced abortion and very preterm delivery due to hypertension.


CONCLUSIONS
Previous induced abortion was associated with an increased risk of very preterm delivery. The strength of the association increased with decreasing gestational age.
Moreau
Caroline
C
Epidemiological Research Unit on Perinatal and Women's Health, INSERM U149, Villejuif, France.
Kaminski
Monique
M
Ancel
Pierre Yves
PY
Bouyer
Jean
J
Escande
Benoît
B
Thiriez
Gérard
G
Boulot
Pierre
P
Fresson
Jeanne
J
Arnaud
Catherine
C
Subtil
Damien
D
Marpeau
Loic
L
Rozé
Jean-Christophe
JC
Maillard
Françoise
F
Larroque
Béatrice
B
D000028:Abortion, Induced / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005322:Premature Rupture of Fetal Membranes / Q000209:etiology; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D008423:Maternal Age; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000209:etiology*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010923:Placenta Previa / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D017584:Reproductive History; D012307:Risk Factors