title: Hunting-related shooting incidents in Pennsylvania, 1987-1999.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Characteristics and rates of shooting injuries associated with hunting various game species are unreported.
  
  
  METHODS
  For the 1,345 hunting-related shooting incidents in Pennsylvania from 1987 to 1999, age-adjusted hunter injury rates and case-fatality ratios were calculated for each of seven species hunted. Differences in the incidents and injuries were tested (p < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fall turkey hunters had the highest (7.5 per 100,000 hunters) and grouse hunters the lowest (1.9 per 100,000) injury rate. The case-fatality ratio was highest for deer hunters (10.3%) and lowest for pheasant hunters (1.3%). Poor skill was the leading cause of deer hunting injuries, and poor judgment the leading cause for injuries during the hunting of other species. Coinciding with changes in regulations requiring orange clothing for hunters, the injury rates for fall turkey hunters initially decreased (rate ratio, 4.1), then increased (rate ratio, 0.5). Hunters younger than 20 years had the highest injury rates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The rates and characteristics of hunting-related shooting injuries varied by hunted species. Hunter orange clothing regulations appeared to reduce fall turkey hunting injury rates.
authors.affiliation: Geisinger Health System, Danville, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Joseph L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: G Craig
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: Eugene J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Lengerich
mesh_terms: D000059:Accidents / Q000401:mortality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001717:Birds; D015984:Causality; D002648:Child; D003020:Clothing; D003670:Deer; D004522:Educational Status; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007600:Judgment; D008875:Middle Aged; D020380:Needs Assessment; D010414:Pennsylvania / Q000453:epidemiology; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011817:Rabbits; D011998:Recreation; D012449:Safety; D012589:Sciuridae; D012621:Seasons; D014421:Turkey; D014948:Wounds, Gunshot / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control