title: Pharyngeal reflux in children with chronic otitis media with effusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether there is an association between chronic otitis media (COM) with effusion and pharyngeal reflux in children by using 24-h pH monitoring with a dual probe.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective study. The study group consisted of 25 children with COM with effusion and the control group comprised 12 healthy children. All children underwent 24-h esophageal pH monitoring with a dual probe (distal and proximal esophageal pH monitoring).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the study group, the frequencies of pharyngeal and gastroesophageal reflux (GER) were 48% and 64%, respectively, and the corresponding values in the control group were 8.3% and 25%. Both of these differences were significant (p <0.05). In the study group, 28% of patients were positive for at least 1 symptom of GER; 72% of the patients did not have any symptoms but 56% of these patients had silent GER.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings indicate that pharyngeal reflux may play an important role in the etiology of COM with effusion. If patients have typical symptoms of GER, such as pyrosis, regurgitation, dysphagia and emesis, the presence of GER should be considered. The presence of silent GER and pharyngeal reflux should also be considered.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Otolaryngology, Meram Medical Faculty, Selçuk University, Konya, Turkey. baharkeles@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Bahar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Keleş
authors.forename: Kayhan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oztürk
authors.forename: Engin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Günel
authors.forename: Hamdi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arbağ
authors.forename: Bedri
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ozer
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D018670:Monitoring, Ambulatory; D010034:Otitis Media with Effusion / Q000209:etiology*; D010608:Pharyngeal Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis