Plant wounding affects the oviposition of Hellula undalis(F.). The impact of leaf chemistry.
Crucifer specialists, such as the tropical pest Hellula undalis (F.), developed a close association to their hosts and depend on characteristic secondary plant compounds, the glucosinolates (GS), in many cases. Following tissue damage, GS undergo hydrolysis catalyzed by the enzyme myrosinase to produce a complex array of products which include isothiocyantes, cyanides, and thiocyanates depending on reaction condition and the chemical nature of the side chain. We found that mechanical plant damage to the tropical crop plant Brassica campestris L. ssp. chinensis (pak-choi) leads to increased GS content, especially of indolyl GS and affected the oviposition behaviour of H. undalis negatively. GS were detected in methanolic leaf surface extracts from intact B chinensis and Sinapis alba (L.) plants, but no hydrolysis products of GS were found in leaf extracts with methylene chloride. Furthermore, the oviposition stimulant activity of GS extracts for H. undalis was greatly reduced after hydrolysis of GS by myrosinase. These results suggest the importance of GS for inducing oviposition, thus excluding hydrolysis products as active principle. Specific produced slightly volatile hydrolysis products of GS (3-indolylmethyl-cyanide and 5-vinyloxazolidine-2-thione) reduced oviposition, when applied to the host-plant. Leaf chemistry, including volatile and non-volatile compounds, may determine oviposition in H. undalis indicating a suitable host-plant.
Mewis
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I
Humboldt University Berlin, Institute for Horticultural Science, Urban Horticulture Lentzeallee 75, D-14195 Berlin, Germany.
Ulrlchs
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Ch
D000818:Animals; D001937:Brassica / Q000469:parasitology*; D005260:Female; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D007915:Lepidoptera / Q000502:physiology*; D010058:Oviposition / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010935:Plant Diseases; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000469:parasitology*; D014329:Tropical Climate
D007306:Insecticides