title: Levels of L-selectin (CD62L) on human leukocytes in disseminated cryptococcosis with and without associated HIV-1 infection.
abstract: Patients with disseminated cryptococcosis typically have measurable levels of cryptococcal polysaccharide in serum samples but minimal leukocyte infiltration into infected tissues. In vitro data have shown that cryptococcal polysaccharide induces L-selectin (CD62L) shedding from leukocytes. To assess shedding in vivo, we compared leukocyte L-selectin levels in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) type 1-negative and -positive subjects with and without circulating cryptococcal polysaccharide. Results showed that subjects with cryptococcal polysaccharide in serum samples have significantly lower percentages of neutrophils, monocytes, and CD3+ T cells with L-selectin on their surfaces than do healthy subjects, regardless of HIV status. There was significantly more soluble L-selectin in serum samples from subjects with cryptococcosis than in those from uninfected subjects. Reduced L-selectin levels on leukocytes in subjects with circulating cryptococcal polysaccharide and increased serum levels of soluble L-selectin indicates that surface L-selectin shedding is a mechanism that likely explains reduced leukocyte extravasation into infected tissues of patients with disseminated cryptococcosis.
authors.affiliation: University of Oklahoma Health Sciences Center, Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
authors.forename: Lydgia A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Douglas A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Drevets
authors.forename: Zhao-Ming
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Ronald A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Greenfield
authors.forename: Juneann W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Murphy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003453:Cryptococcosis / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D019041:L-Selectin / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism; D012995:Solubility; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019041:L-Selectin