title: Mouse ES cell lines show a variable degree of chondrogenic differentiation in vitro.
abstract: Pluripotent mouse embryonic stem (ES) cells differentiate in vitro spontaneously into cell types of all three primary germ layers when cultivated as cell aggregates, so-called 'embryoid bodies'. Many reports have shown that this system recapitulates cellular developmental processes and gene expression patterns of early embryogenesis. During ES cell differentiation, efficient and directed differentiation into a specific cell type is influenced by many parameters, for example, the batch of the serum used or the application of growth factors and signalling molecules. Because all ES cell lines are considered to be pluripotent, one should not expect remarkable differences regarding their spontaneous differentiation efficiencies. However, here we show that different ES cell lines exhibit a variable degree of spontaneous chondrogenic differentiation indicating that lines with a specific differentiation capacity could be selected. This is an important aspect if ES cells are applied for tissue regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, University of Lübeck, D-23538 Lübeck, Germany.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hegert
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hargus
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rohwedel
mesh_terms: D000423:Alcian Blue / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D002356:Cartilage / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D004396:Coloring Agents; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000166:cytology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000166:cytology; D051379:Mice / Q000196:embryology*; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D000423:Alcian Blue