title: [Squamous cell carcinoma of bladder producing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF): a case report].
abstract: A case of bladder squamous cell cancer producing granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) is reported. A 55-year-old female presented with macroscopic hematuria and urinary frequency. Cystoscopy demonstrated a large bladder tumor. Computerized tomography and magnetic resonance imaging of abdomen and pelvis showed bladder muscular invasion, but did not reveal any metastasis. Laboratory examination showed leukocytosis of 23,600/mm3 and a high value of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) 77 pg/ml in the peripheral blood. She was diagnosed with bladder tumor 52 months ago, but did not seek further medical attention. The leukocyte count at that point was 10,700/mm3. Radical cystectomy was performed. The histopathological diagnosis was well differentiated squamous cell carcinoma. Immunohistochemical examination was positive for G-CSF. After surgery the leukocyte count and value of G-CSF in the peripheral blood decreased to the normal range. There has been no recurrence of cancer for 10 months after surgery without any adjuvant therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, NTT West Osaka Hospital.
authors.forename: Nobutaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Ryuichiro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Miyatake
authors.forename: Atsunobu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Esa
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D015653:Cystectomy; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor