title: Contralateral stenosis as a risk factor for carotid endarterectomy measured by near infrared spectroscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is still controversial whether the existence of a contralateral stenosis is a risk factor during carotid endarterectomy (CEA). We used a near infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) monitoring system during CEA to evaluate the hemodynamic effect of contralateral stenosis during cross clamping of the carotid arteries.
  
  
  METHODS
  We monitored 34 consecutive cases of CEA, using NIRS. Tissue oxygen index (TOI), as a parameter of oxygenation, and total hemoglobin index (THI), as a parameter of blood volume, were measured during cross-clamping the carotid arteries. We evaluated the relationship between these results and the pre- and intraoperative characteristics including the existence of a contralateral stenosis and the results of single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bilateral TOI and THI correlated well with the severity of the stenosis of the contralateral internal carotid artery, and ipsilateral THI correlated with the cerebrovascular reserve measured by SPECT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A contralateral stenosis is a risk factor for CEA from the hemodynamical point of view, and extreme care should be taken when performing CEA in patients with bilateral stenoses.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Vascular Surgery, Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Komiyama
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyata
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Momose
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shigematsu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nagawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000379:methods; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / Q000379:methods*