title: [Infectious diarrhea].
abstract: Traveler's diarrhea is generally a benign condition which resolves spontaneously in 48 h. Information on dietary hygiene, severity of symptoms and dehydration, as well as their management, is essential. Chemoprophylaxis and antibiotic treatment are not recommended, except in very specific situations. The incidence of chronic diarrhea in HIV-positive patients has dramatically decreased since the introduction of HAART. In the absence of any correlation with the initiation of HAART, a stepwise diagnostic workup is indicated (bacteriological cultures and microscopic examination of fecal samples followed by ileocolonoscopy and gastroduodenoscopy). Specific treatment of any pathogens identified, and HAART in the case of microsporidiasis or cryptosporidiosis, constitute the mainstay of therapeutic management of chronic diarrhea in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Service de gastro-entérologie et d'hépatologie, BH10N, Lausanne.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mottet
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: El Wafa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cavassini
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: D'Acremont
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Delarive
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D014195:Travel
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents