Reovirus serotype 1/strain Lang-stimulated activation of antigen-specific T lymphocytes in Peyer's patches and distal gut-mucosal sites: activation status and cytotoxic mechanisms.
Intraduodenal priming of mice with reovirus serotype 1/strain Lang (reovirus 1/L) stimulates gut lymphocytes and generates precursor and effector CTLs. Our earlier studies demonstrated that germinal center and T cell Ag (GCT) is a marker which identifies reovirus 1/L-specific precursor CTL and effector CTL in Peyer's patches (PP) of reovirus 1/L-inoculated mice. In this study, we characterized the expression of the activation markers, GCT and CD11c, on reovirus 1/L-stimulated gut lymphocytes and the effector mechanisms involved in reovirus 1/L-specific cytotoxicity. We found that intraduodenal reovirus 1/L inoculation of mice induced the expression of both GCT and CD11c on PP lymphocytes (PPL), intraepithelial lymphocytes (IEL), and lamina propria lymphocytes (LPL), and these activated cells expressed Fas ligand (FasL). The majority of the GCT+ CD11c+ IEL and LPL expressed a phenotype, TCRalphabeta+ Thy-1+ CD8+ similar to that expressed on reovirus 1/L-stimulated PPL. However, splenic lymphocytes expressed GCT but not CD11c after stimulation with reovirus 1/L. Perforin, Fas-FasL, and TRAIL pathways were found to be involved in PPL, IEL, and LPL cytotoxic activity against reovirus 1/L-infected targets. In PPL, perforin and Fas-FasL pathways were more effective than TRAIL. In IEL, all three cytotoxic mechanisms were equally as effective. However, LPL prefer Fas-FasL and TRAIL over perforin. Further, we demonstrated the preferential migration of GCT+ PPL to the intraepithelial compartment and the lamina propria. These results suggest that GCT and CD11c can be used as activation markers for gut lymphocytes and CD11c can also be used to differentiate between activated gut and systemic lymphocytes.
Bharhani
Mantej S
MS
Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, SC 29425, USA.
Grewal
Jasvir S
JS
Pilgrim
Mark J
MJ
Enocksen
Candace
C
Peppler
Richard
R
London
Lucille
L
London
Steven D
SD
D000818:Animals; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D001483:Base Sequence; D039521:CD11c Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D004386:Duodenum / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D030102:Orthoreovirus, Mammalian / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D010581:Peyer's Patches / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D052899:Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins; D012088:Reoviridae Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics
D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D039521:CD11c Antigen; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; C505658:Fasl protein, mouse; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D052899:Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C505654:Tnfsf10 protein, mouse; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C483886:perforin, mouse; D004247:DNA