title: Physical inactivity is an important lifestyle determinant of insulin resistance in hypertensive patients.
abstract: The purpose of the study is to assess the relative impact of lifestyle factors including physical inactivity, cigarette smoking, and alcohol intake on insulin resistance in hypertensive patients. In total, 872 hypertensive patients, of Chinese and Japanese origin, from the Stanford Asia and Pacific Program for Hypertension and Insulin Resistance were included for the current analysis. Homeostasis model assessment for insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) and the insulin sensitivity index ISI0,120 were chosen as surrogate measures of insulin resistance. Standardized interview-administered questionnaires were used to obtain information on demographic and lifestyle characteristics. The sedentary hypertensive patients were more insulin resistant than the non-sedentary hypertensive. There were significant differences in Log (HOMA-IR) (0.06-unit increases, p < 0.01) and Log (ISI0,120) (0.05-unit decreases, p < 0.01) between sedentary and non-sedentary hypertensive patients after controlling demographic variables. There were no differences in insulin sensitivity in subjects with different smoking status. Neither smoking nor alcohol intake was persistently associated with insulin resistance in the analysis. Our results suggest that physical inactivity is an important lifestyle determinant of insulin resistance in hypertensive patients. The influences of smoking and alcohol intake on insulin resistance are less significant than physical inactivity in hypertensive subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Taipei Veterans General Hospital, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan. chhwu@vghtpe.gov.tw
authors.forename: Chii-Min
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Hwu
authors.forename: Chin-Fu
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Hsiao
authors.forename: Shi-Wen
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Kwan-Dun
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Chih-Tai
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Ting
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Quertermous
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: Ida
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grove
authors.forename: Pao-Yang
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Low-Tone
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Hoo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects; D001213:Asian; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000208:ethnology; D007564:Japan / Q000208:ethnology; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology