[The neurobehavioral rating scale-revised: assessment of concurrent validity].
Cognitive and behavioral impairment are a major source of disability in daily living of patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI). The Neurobehavioral Rating Scale-Revised (NRS-R) is a short, easy-to administer interview tool developed to improve assessment by clinicians. Data are available on its criterion validity and reliability, but the concurrent validity of the French NRS-R was not yet documented.


OBJECTIVE
To assess the concurrent validity of the NRS-R with current psychometric tests.


METHODS
One hundred and four patients with TBI enrolled in a community adjustment program underwent concurrent examination with the NRS-R, cognitive tests assessing memory, attention, and executive functions, and scales of anxiety (STAI) and depressive mood (CES-D). Intercorrelations were undertaken between these variables and the five factors of the NRS-R: F1, intentional behavior; F2, lowered emotional state; F3, survival-oriented behaviour/hightened emotional state; F4, arousal state; and F5, language. Patients were 82 men and 22 women, the mean age was 28.5 years, and 70% had severe TBI (Glasgow coma score [GCS] below 8 on admission). They were assessed 52 months on average after their injury.


RESULTS
Factor F1 was correlated with results on the GCS (P<0.05), the Tower of London test (TL, P<0.01), the Trail Making Test (TMT, P<0.01), divided attention (DA) and inhibition (IN) subscales of the Zimmermann and Fimm's Attention battery (TEA) (P<0.01) and reverse digit span (DS, P<0.05). Factor F2 was positively related to age at injury, time since injury (TSI) (P<0.05) and CESD and STAI scores (P<0.001). Factor F3 was related to DA (P<0.01) TL scores and TSI (P<0.05). Factor F4 was related to TL, TMT, DA, flexibility, DS (P<0.05), TSI, duration of post-traumatic amnesia, CES-D score (P<0.05) and STAI scores (P<0.01). Factor F5 was related to GCS, DA (P<0.05), and reaction time on the subscales IN and Go/nogo (GO) of the TEA battery (P<0.01). The NRS-R total score was related to CESD, STAI scores, TMT score, DA (P<0.01) and TL score, IN and GO scores and TSI (P<0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
As McCauley et al found with the English version of the NRS-R, significant relationships were found between NRS-R factor scores, cognitive tests and emotional scales. Relationships were also found between factor scores and indicators of injury severity and time since injury. These data suggest fair concurrent validity of the NRS-R.
Soury
S
S
Unité UEROS, service MP réadaptation, hôpital Pellegrin, CHU de Bordeaux, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
Mazaux
J M
JM
Lambert
J
J
De Seze
M
M
Joseph
P A
PA
Lozes-Boudillon
S
S
McCauley
S
S
Vanier
M
M
Levin
H S
HS
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests