title: [Tissue engineered bone regeneration of periosteal cells using recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 induce].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate bone regeneration of the cell-biomaterial complex using strategies of tissue engineering based on cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hydroxyapatite/collagen (HAC) sandwich composite was produced to mimic the natural extracellular matrix of bone, with type I collagen serving as a template for apatite formation. A three-dimensional poly-porous scaffold was developed by mixing HAC with poly(L-lactic acid) (PLA) using a thermally induced phase separation technique (TIPS). The rabbit periosteal cells were treated with 500 ng/ml of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein 2 (rhBMP-2), followed by seeded into pre-wet HAC-PLA scaffolds. Eighteen 3-month nude mice were implanted subcutaneously cell suspension (group A, n = 6), simple HAC-PLA scaffold (group B, n = 6) and cell-biomaterial complex (group C, n = 6) respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using type I collagen to template mineralization of calcium and phosphate in solution, we get HAC sandwich composite, mimicking the natural bone both in composition and microstructure. The three dimensional HAC-PLA scaffold synthesized by TIPS had high porosity up to 90%, with pore size ranging from 50 microm to 300 microm. SEM examination proved that the scaffold supported the adhesion and proliferation of the periosteal cells. Histology results showed new bone formation 8 weeks after implantation in group C. The surface of group A was smooth without neoplasma. Fibrous tissue invasion occurred in group B and no bone and cartilage formations were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The constructed tissue engineering bone has emerged as another promising alternative for bone repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Navy General Hospital, Beijing, 100037, PR China. zcmail2002@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yunyu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Zhuo
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Shuming
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yongnian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Fuzhai
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cui
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen; D017886:Durapatite; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D010521:Periosteum / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D011108:Polymers; D011817:Rabbits; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D011108:Polymers; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C499469:recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2; D019344:Lactic Acid; D003094:Collagen; D017886:Durapatite