title: Systematic molecular characterization of multidrug-resistant Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates from Spain.
abstract: We used spoligotyping and restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP) of the IS6110-insertion sequence to study the molecular epidemiology of multidrug-resistant (MDR) tuberculosis in Spain. We analyzed 180 Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates collected between January 1998 and December 2000. Consecutive isolates from the same patients (n = 23) always had identical genotypes, meaning that no cases of reinfection occurred. A total of 105 isolates (58.3%) had unique RFLP patterns, whereas 75 isolates (41.7%) were in 20 different RFLP clusters. Characterization of the katG and rpoB genes showed that 14 strains included in the RFLP clusters did not actually cluster. Only 33.8% of the strains isolated were suggestive of MDR transmission, a frequency lower than that for susceptible strains in Spain (46.6%). We found that the Beijing/W genotype, which is prevalent worldwide, was significantly associated with immigrants. The 22 isolates in the largest cluster corresponded to the Mycobacterium bovis strain responsible for two nosocomial MDR outbreaks in Spain.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Universitario Miguel Servet, C/ Isabel la Católica 1-3, 50009 Zaragoza, Spain. ssamper@salud.aragob.es
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Samper
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Iglesias
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Rabanaque
authors.forename: L I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Lafoz
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Jiménez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lezcano
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Van Soolingen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martín
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002374:Catalase / Q000235:genetics; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / Q000235:genetics; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D002374:Catalase; C480353:katG protein, Mycobacterium tuberculosis; D012321:DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases; C105078:RNA polymerase beta subunit