[Cardiovascular disease and risk factors in candidates for renal transplantation].
OBJECTIVE
To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and traditional risk factors in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing evaluation for inclusion on the renal transplantation list.


METHODS
One hundred ninety-five patients with dialytic chronic renal failure underwent clinical evaluation and complementary tests and were compared with a group of 334 hypertensive patients paired for age. The Framingham equations were used for calculating the absolute risk (AR). The relative risk (RR) was calculated based on the absolute risk of the low-risk Framingham cohort.


RESULTS
Thirty-seven percent of the patients had some sort of cardiovascular disease on the initial evaluation, peripheral vascular disease (23%) being the most prevalent. Patients with cardiovascular disease were excluded. Regarding traditional risk factors, a significant difference was observed in systolic blood pressure and total cholesterol (greater in the hypertensive group), and in the prevalence of men, diabetes, and smoking, which were greater in the chronic renal failure group. The latter had a greater degree of left ventricular hypertrophy, lower diastolic blood pressure, and a lower prevalence of familial history of cardiovascular disease and obesity. The relative risk for cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic renal failure was greater compared with that in the Framingham control population, but it did not differ from that observed in the group of hypertensive individuals.


CONCLUSIONS
The prevalence of cardiovascular disease and traditional risk factors is high among candidates for renal transplantation; the Framingham equations do not adequately quantify the real cardiovascular risk, and other risk factors specific for that population should contribute for their greater cardiovascular risk.
Gowdak
Luís Henrique Wolff
LH
Incor, Hospital das Clínicas, FMUSP, São Paulo, SP. luis.gowdak@incor.usp.br
Paula
Flávio Jota de
FJ
Giorgi
Dante Marcelo Artigas
DM
Vieira
Marcelo Luís Campos
ML
Krieger
Eduardo Moacyr
EM
Lima
José Jayme Galvão de
JJ
D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011300:Preoperative Care; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014850:Waiting Lists