The story so far: Helicobacter pylori and gastric autoimmunity.
The gastric mucosal pathogen Helicobacter pylori induces autoantibodies directed against the gastric proton pump H+,K+-ATPase in 20-30% of infected patients. The presence of these autoantibodies is associated with severity of gastritis, increased atrophy, and apoptosis in the corpus mucosa, and patients with these autoantibodies infected with H. pylori display histopathological and clinical features that are similar to those of autoimmune gastritis (AIG). This review will focus on the T helper cell responses, cytokines, and adhesion molecules involved in corpus mucosal atrophy in chronic H. pylori gastritis and in AIG, and the role of H. pylori in the onset of AIG.
Bergman
Mathijs P
MP
Department of Medical Microbiology and Infection Control, VU Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. m.bergman@erasmusmc.nl
Vandenbroucke-Grauls
Christina M J E
CM
Appelmelk
Ben J
BJ
D'Elios
Mario M
MM
Amedei
Amedeo
A
Azzurri
Annalisa
A
Benagiano
Marisa
M
Del Prete
Gianfranco
G
D000752:Anemia, Pernicious / Q000150:complications; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D005756:Gastritis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D005757:Gastritis, Atrophic / Q000209:etiology; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D010295:Parietal Cells, Gastric / Q000473:pathology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
D016207:Cytokines