title: High-frequency oscillatory ventilation: what large-animal studies have taught us!
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Much of the information on the physiologic effects, mechanisms of gas exchange, and potential utility of high-frequency oscillation (HFO) has been acquired in animal studies. Specifically, large animal data have been useful in assessing adult application because large animals present many of the same concerns and challenges as adults.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To review the literature on HFO testing in large animal models, identifying contributions to the understanding of mechanisms of action and the physiology of HFO.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Large animal studies have clarified the mechanisms of gas exchange during HFO, identified approaches to setting mean airway pressure based on lung mechanics, and identified a potentially better approach to applying partial liquid ventilation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study of HFO in large animal models has been essential to our understanding of the optimal approach to applying HFO in human studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Kacmarek
authors.forename: Atul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Malhotra
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange / Q000502:physiology; D011846:Radio Waves; D013990:Tidal Volume