title: The cost of immunosuppressive therapies currently used in patients with thyroid eye disease.
abstract: Thyroid eye disease (TED) is an inflammatory condition of the orbit occurring in patients with autoimmune disease. In patients with mild TED, the most important therapeutic measure is reassurance. In severe cases, immunosuppressive therapy is the mainstay of treatment and around 10 immunosuppressive regimens have been suggested and used in such patients so far. The efficacy of these regimens varies according to the number of studies that have addressed these issues. "Response" to the treatment is also variably defined. However, to the best of our knowledge, no study has reported on the cost of immunosuppressive therapy in such patients. The aim of this study was mainly to provide information concerning the cost of different immunosuppressive regimens that patients with active thyroid ophthalmopathy undergo in different European countries. We have shown that the cheapest treatment is oral glucocorticoids (GC) and the most expensive is iv immunoglobulins. Cyclosporine is the second cheapest treatment. Radiotherapy plus oral GC have a cost between 850-3200 Euro; while SS analogues (SS-a) are expensive with a cost between 5000-10000 Euro. However, it is worth noting that the patients studied so far in this group were only few and most of them selected on a basis of a positive octreoscan, the cost of which has to be considered when choosing this type of treatment. Germany is by far the most expensive country as regards the costs of the main remedies, whereas Greece is the cheapest. Denmark is the most expensive country concerning radiotherapy, while Germany is the cheapest.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Panagia General Hospital, Thessaloniki, Greece. krassas@the.forthnet.gr
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Krassas
mesh_terms: D016527:Drug Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005060:Europe; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents