title: Alkali-urea extraction of demineralized bone matrix removes noggin, an inhibitor of bone morphogenetic proteins.
abstract: Demineralized bone matrix (DBM) and native bone morphogenetic protein (nBMP) are complex mixtures of non-collagenous bone proteins. These mixtures contain many of the BMPs that are available as recombinant molecules. Information regarding the presence in these materials of molecules that may affect the availability and activity of the BMPs is very limited. We have devised a simple chemical extraction of DBM using alkali-urea that produces a water soluble extractate that inhibits the osteogenic activity of DBM. We have demonstrated the presence of noggin, an extracellular BMP ligand antagonist, in this material. We conclude that differential chemical extraction may be a useful means of removing inhibitory molecules from DBM and nBMP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Science, University of California, Los Angeles, USA.
authors.forename: Keyvan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Behnam
authors.forename: Elsa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brochmann
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murray
mesh_terms: D000468:Alkalies; D000818:Animals; D018775:Bone Demineralization Technique; D001857:Bone Matrix / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D002417:Cattle; D006878:Hydroxides; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D017680:Potassium Compounds; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014020:Tissue Extracts; D014508:Urea; D000099176:Noggin Protein
chemical_list: D000468:Alkalies; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D006878:Hydroxides; D017680:Potassium Compounds; D011506:Proteins; D014020:Tissue Extracts; D014508:Urea; D000099176:Noggin Protein; C029943:potassium hydroxide