title: Posttransplant symptomatic lymphocele treatment with percutaneous drainage and ethanol sclerosis: long-term follow-up.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Lymphocele following kidney transplantation is a well-known complication. We present here the long-term results of percutaneous drainage and ethanol sclerosis in posttransplant lymphoceles.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between October 1988 and September 2003, 18 patients with symptomatic lymphoceles were treated with percutaneous transcatheter ethanol sclerosis among 300 renal transplants followed up. Catheters were positioned under ultrasonography (US) guidance. Cavity dimensions and extravasation were evaluated by pouch graph. The day after catheter insertion, sclerotherapy with ethanol was applied. Daily output and probable complications were followed up on periodic controls, and the alcohol was instilled when required.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean initial size of the lymphoceles was 6 x 8 x 10 cm (range 3 x 4 x 6 to 7 x 12 x 21 cm), with a mean initial volume of 230 ml (range 40-1340 ml). Incomplete resolution was achieved in all patients after sclerotherapy in the first week (100%). The mean duration of therapy was 17 days (range 4-45 days). The mean therapy sitting was 12 (4-21), and the average alcohol volume in one sitting was 30 ml. One recurrence and one graft lost were seen in this series. Minor complications like discomfort and mild temperature elevation were determined in 10 patients. In one case, temporary double-J stent was required to alleviate the increased pressure in collecting system of transplanted kidney. No late complication was occurred.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As a less invasive method, percutaneous transcatheter ethanol sclerosis and drainage in the treatment of symptomatic lymphocele is a simple, safe and cost-effective method. Other treatment choices, like open or laparoscopic fenestration, can be used in case of failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Etlik, Ankara 06018, Turkey. tasarmus@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tasar
authors.forename: Bulent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gulec
authors.forename: Mutlu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saglam
authors.forename: Izzet
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yavuz
authors.forename: Ugur
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bozlar
authors.forename: Sahin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ugurel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002404:Catheterization; D004322:Drainage / Q000379:methods*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008210:Lymphocele / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D015911:Sclerotherapy; D012997:Solvents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents; D000431:Ethanol