title: Inducible nitric oxide synthase evoked nitric oxide counteracts capsaicin-induced airway smooth muscle contraction, but exacerbates plasma extravasation.
abstract: The contribution of nitric oxide (NO) to capsaicin-evoked airway responses was investigated in rats. The measurement of plasma NO level, airway dynamics, airway smooth muscle electromyogram, and plasma extravasation by India ink and Evans blue leakage technique was adapted. Capsaicin-evoked hypotension, bronchoconstriction, trachea plasma extravasation as well as increases in plasma NO level in a dose-dependent manner. L-732138 (NK1 receptor antagonist) or SR-48968 (NK2 receptor antagonist) pretreatment reduced capsaicin-enhanced hypotension, bronchoconstriction, plasma extravasation, and plasma NO level. N(G)-nitro-L-Arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 10 mg/kg, i.v.), a non-selective NO synthase (NOS) inhibitor, or aminoguanidine (10 mg/kg, i.v.), a selective inducible NOS (iNOS) inhibitor, reduced capsaicin-induced increases in plasma NO level and protected against capsaicin-induced plasma extravasation, whereas L-arginine (150 mg/kg, i.v.), a NO precursor, enhanced capsaicin-evoked plasma NO level and plasma extravasation. L-Arginine pretreatment ameliorated capsaicin-induced bronchoconstriction, whereas L-NAME and aminoguanidine exaggerated capsaicin-induced bronchoconstriction. In summary, NK1 and NK2 receptors and iNOS play a role in NO formation and on capsaicin-induced bronchoconstriction and plasma extravasation. NO generated by iNOS counteracts tachykinin-mediated bronchoconstriction, but exacerbates tachykinin-mediated plasma extravasation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ping-Chia
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chen-Fu
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Tin-Fan
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Chiang-Ting
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Chien
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002199:Capillary Permeability; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004576:Electromyography / Q000379:methods; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects*; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism*; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D010949:Plasma / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D012119:Respiration / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat; D002211:Capsaicin