title: Defective production of soluble HLA-G molecules by peripheral blood monocytes in patients with asthma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  HLA-G, a human nonclassic MHC class I molecule, is responsible for complex immunoinhibitory functions. HLA-G is expressed as membrane-bound and is secreted as soluble molecules by the peripheral blood CD14+ monocytes activated by IL-10.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  It has been reported that LPS stimulation induces IL-10 production by PBMCs and that IL-10 levels are reduced in patients with severe asthma compared with patients with mild asthma and healthy subjects. The study was designed to investigate whether this impaired IL-10 production can affect the expression and the secretion of soluble HLA-G (sHLA-G)-1/HLA-G5 molecules.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the production of sHLA-G1/HLA-G5 and IL-10 by specific ELISAs in the culture supernatants of LPS-activated PBMCs from 24 healthy subjects and 20 patients with moderate to severe persistent asthma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LPS stimulation induced the secretion of IL-10 and sHLA-G1/HLA-G5 molecules in all healthy subjects, whereas in patients with asthma, the levels of IL-10 were significantly lower (P < .001) and the number of cultures exhibiting detectable sHLA-G1/HLA-G5 was reduced (7/20; P < .001). The addition of exogenous IL-10 to LPS-stimulated PBMCs from patients with asthma restored normal sHLA-G1/HLA-G5 production.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggest that a specific deficit of IL-10 secretion in patients with asthma could prevent the normal production of sHLA-G1/HLA-G5 molecules. The reduction of immunosuppressive activity mediated by HLA-G could in turn contribute to the persistence of chronic airway inflammation in asthma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic and Experimental Medicine, Section of Medical Genetics, University of Ferrara, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.forename: Cristina E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Mapp
authors.forename: Loredana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Melchiorri
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maestrelli
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Visentin
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ferretti
authors.forename: Ilaria
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bononi
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Miotto
authors.forename: Olavio R
authors.initials: OR
authors.lastname: Baricordi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001249:Asthma / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016753:Interleukin-10