title: Adhaeribacter aquaticus gen. nov., sp. nov., a Gram-negative isolate from a potable water biofilm.
abstract: A Gram-negative bacterium was isolated from a freshwater biofilm developed on a stainless steel surface under a fluid velocity of 0.26 m s(-1). The strain, MBRG1.5(T), was cultivated on R2A agar and formed pink colonies. Light microscopy and negative staining in a transmission electron microscope showed that the cells were rod-shaped, approximately 2.8-4.1 microm long by 0.9-1.7 microm wide in size and produced large quantities of extracellular fibrillar material. Additionally, following growth in batch culture, transmission electron microscopy showed that many cells plasmolysed. Stationary-phase cells were more variable in size and shape. The DNA G+C content was 40.0 mol%. The most abundant fatty acids were 15 : 0 iso (22.5 %), followed by 16 : 1omega5c (16.9 %) and 15 : 0 iso 2-OH (16.5 %). Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene showed that the strain was a member of the family 'Flexibacteraceae' of the Cytophaga-Flavobacterium-Bacteroides group. Phenotypic and genotypic analyses indicated that the strain could not be assigned to any recognized genus; therefore a novel genus and species, Adhaeribacter aquaticus gen. nov., sp. nov., is proposed, with MBRG1.5(T) (=DSM 16391(T)=NCIMB 14008(T)) as the type strain.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Rickard
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
authors.forename: A T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Stead
authors.affiliation: Molecular and Cellular Pathology, University of Dundee, Dundee DD1 7SY, UK.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: O'May
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lindsay
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Banner
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Handley
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, University of Manchester, Manchester M13 9PL, UK.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gilbert
mesh_terms: D001482:Base Composition; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D041964:Cytophagaceae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000032:analysis; D004326:Drinking; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000382:microbiology*; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D005838:Genotype; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010641:Phenotype; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S