title: Treatment with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors, angiotensin-II-antagonists and beta-blockers in an unselected group of patients with chronic heart failure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Modern diagnostics of chronic heart failure (CHF) is based on echocardiography. Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) or angiotensin-II-antagonists (AIIAs) in case of ACEI intolerance, and beta-blockers are recommended as first-line drugs in patients with CHF and left ventricular systolic dysfunction. The aims of this study were to analyse the diagnostics and treatment of patients with CHF and to identify the optimal drug profile (target level) with regard to ACEI/AIIA- and beta-blocker treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of all patients (n=635) from a part of a Swedish county who had a diagnosis of CHF in the year 2000 were analysed retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of CHF increased with age, from 0.9% and 1.6% in the age group 60-64 years in women and men, respectively, to 8.8% and 11.5%, respectively, in the age group 80-84 years. Only 17.6% of the patients had been examined by means of echocardiography. Of the patients without any contra-indication for the drugs, 45.9% received treatment with ACEI/AIIAs and 41.8% with beta-blockers. Treatment with ACEI/AIIAs and beta-blockers was given to 21.3%. The corresponding proportions for treatment of patients with CHF verified by echocardiography were 88.0% (ACEI/AIIA), 52.0% (beta-blocker) and 46.7% (the combination). The target level of the combination treatment was estimated to be about 70% in a group of unselected patients with CHF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CHF was not optimally diagnosed in this cohort of patients. Correct diagnosing seems to be associated with more adequate treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Kristinehamn's Hospital, Kristinehamn, Sweden.
authors.forename: Ragnar
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Watz
authors.forename: Ann-Britt
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Ekstrand
authors.forename: Victoria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Engelbrektson
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Beermann
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003625:Data Collection / Q000379:methods; D004071:Digitalis Glycosides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004232:Diuretics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011859:Radiography / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013148:Spironolactone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D004071:Digitalis Glycosides; D004232:Diuretics; D013148:Spironolactone