title: The impact of dydrogesterone supplementation on hormonal profile and progesterone-induced blocking factor concentrations in women with threatened abortion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The therapeutic value of progestogens in threatened abortion is still under debate. In the presence of sufficient progesterone levels during pregnancy, lymphocytes synthesize a mediator [progesterone-induced blocking factor (PIBF)] that is anti-abortive in mice. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of dydrogesterone on pregnancy outcome of threatened aborters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-seven threatened aborters were treated for 10 days with dydrogesterone (30-40 mg/day). Sixteen healthy pregnant controls received no treatment. Serum progesterone and estradiol concentrations as well as urine PIBF concentrations were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pregnancy outcomes in dydrogesterone-treated threatened aborters did not statistically differ from those in healthy controls. Serum progesterone concentrations in control patients, but not those in threatened aborters increased as pregnancy progressed. Following dydrogesterone treatment, initially low PIBF concentrations of threatened aborters significantly increased (P = 0.001) to reach the PIBF level found in healthy controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that by inducing PIBF production, dydrogesterone might improve pregnancy success rates in threatened aborters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Perinatology, I Division of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Medical University of Lodz, Poland. j.kalinka@csk.am.lodz.pl
authors.forename: Jarosław
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kalinka
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Szekeres-Bartho
mesh_terms: D000033:Abortion, Threatened / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000328:Adult; D004394:Dydrogesterone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000652:urine*; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013491:Suppressor Factors, Immunologic
chemical_list: C110058:PIBF1 protein, human; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; D013491:Suppressor Factors, Immunologic; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D004394:Dydrogesterone