title: Full suspension mountain bike improves off-road cycling performance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the present study was to determine the effects of suspension systems on the cycling performance of cyclists during off-road bicycling.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight elite male cyclists (67.8+/-5.8 ml/min/kg of (.-)VO(2max)) performed 30-minute riding tests on bicycles with 2 different suspension setups: front suspension (FS) and front and rear suspension (FRS). Heart rate, blood lactate concentration, pedaling power, cadence, cycling velocity, and completed distance during the trial were measured creatin kinase (CK), lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) and glutamic-oxaloacetic transaminase (GOT) were measured before and after the trials.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average cadence during the trial was significantly higher (p<0.05) with the FRS (73.6+/-6.1 rpm) than the FS (70.2+/-6.2 rpm). Subjects rode significantly faster (p<0.05) on FRS (24.1+/-2.6 km/h) than FS bikes (22.9+/-2.4 km/h), although no significant difference was observed in pedaling power (240.7+/-26.6 W vs 242.2+/-28.8 W, FS vs FRS, respectively). Serum creatin kinase increased significantly (p<0.05) at 24 h after the trial when cyclists exercised with the FS bike.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the FRS improved cycling performance over rough terrain. FRS might therefore be more suitable for cross-country mountain bike races.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Exercise Physiology and Sport Biomechanics, School of Health and Sport Sciences, Chukyo University, Japan. tisii@cnc.chukyo-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishii
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Umemura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kitagawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000502:physiology; D004867:Equipment Design; D005080:Exercise Test; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009051:Mountaineering; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D010809:Physical Fitness
chemical_list: D007773:Lactates