title: In-patient medical resource utilization for high-level cervical spinal cord injury without bone fracture in Taiwan.
abstract: METHODS
  Retrospective review of secondary data obtained from the Bureau of National Health Insurance (BNHI) on medical resource utilization in in-patient cervical spinal cord injury patients in Taiwan.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Since the start of the National Health Insurance Program in Taiwan in 1995, costs have continued to increase each year. High-level cervical spinal cord injury, a catastrophic illness, consumes a large amount of medical resources. Appropriate control of in-patient costs for these patients is mandatory. Analyses of the factors influencing the health-care costs of these patients are needed, so cost-containment policies can be established by the BNHI to conserve health-care resources.
  
  
  METHODS
  Health-care institutions throughout Taiwan.
  
  
  METHODS
  We obtained secondary data on a randomized basis for diagnostic codes 952.00, 952.01, 952.02, or 952.03 of the International Classification of Diseases, Ninth Revision, Clinical Modification from the BNHI files of annual in-patient expenses during the period from 1998 to 2000. There were 184 hospital admission records studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The lengths of stay and in-patient costs were significantly different among different hospital types. Length of stay also was statistically different according to patient, gender, and age. The lengths of stay and in-patient costs were influenced by the hospital accreditation level and patient gender. Medical orders were influenced by patient age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Basic and selective diagnostics and therapeutics for high-level spinal cord injury without bone fracture should be established. Thus, patient needs for appropriate medical care will be met and overuse of medical resources will be prevented. Communication among doctors also should be strengthened.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: J-C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: W-Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: I-H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Hsueh
authors.forename: M-C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: W-T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: W-S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: S-S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae; D003953:Diagnosis-Related Groups; D004865:Equipment and Supplies, Hospital / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology