title: Catheter type does not affect the outcome of intrauterine insemination treatment: a prospective randomized study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the main outcome of IUI with the Gynetics catheter (Gynetics Medical Products, Hamont-Achel, Belgium) or the Makler cannula (Sefi-Medical Instruments, Haifa, Israel).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Infertility and endocrinology unit in a university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred fifty-one infertile couples undergoing 784 consecutive IUI treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomly assigned to undergo IUI treatment with either the Gynetics catheter (124 patients) or the Makler cannula (127 patients).
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary outcome measures were pregnancy and cumulative pregnancy rates. Secondary outcome measures were the ease of introduction of the catheter, the presence of bleeding, and semen regurgitation after removal of the catheter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The use of the Gynetics catheter resulted in similar pregnancy (10.4% vs. 9.7%) and cumulative pregnancy rates (27.9% vs. 26.4%) as compared with the Makler cannula. Difficult introduction of the catheter was more frequent in the Gynetics group than in the Makler group (19.4% vs. 8.0%, respectively), but the frequency of bleeding did not differ between groups. Sample regurgitation was observed more often in the Makler group than in the Gynetics group (49.9% vs. 17.9%, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A lower frequency of sperm regurgitation and a higher frequency of difficult introduction was observed when the Gynetics catheter was used. However, there was no significant difference in pregnancy rates with use of either the Gynetics catheter or the Makler cannula.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Semmelweis University Faculty of Medicine, Budapest, Hungary. fancsi@noi1.sote.hu
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fancsovits
authors.forename: Laszlone
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Toth
authors.forename: Akos
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Murber
authors.forename: Gyorgy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Szendei
authors.forename: Zoltan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Papp
authors.forename: Janos
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Urbancsek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002404:Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007246:Infertility / Q000628:therapy*; D007315:Insemination, Artificial / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013094:Spermatozoa