title: Syne proteins anchor muscle nuclei at the neuromuscular junction.
abstract: Vertebrate skeletal muscle fibers contain hundreds of nuclei, of which three to six are functionally specialized and stably anchored beneath the postsynaptic membrane at the neuromuscular junction (NMJ). The mechanisms that localize synaptic nuclei and the roles they play in neuromuscular development are unknown. Syne-1 is concentrated at the nuclear envelope of synaptic nuclei; its Caenorhabditis elegans orthologue ANC-1 functions to tether nuclei to the cytoskeleton. To test the involvement of Syne proteins in nuclear anchoring, we generated transgenic mice overexpressing the conserved C-terminal Klarsicht/ANC-1/Syne homology domain of Syne-1. The transgene acted in a dominant interfering fashion, displacing endogenous Syne-1 from the nuclear envelope. Muscle nuclei failed to aggregate at the NMJ in transgenic mice, demonstrating that localization and positioning of synaptic nuclei require Syne proteins. We then exploited this phenotype to show that synaptic nuclear aggregates are dispensable for maturation of the NMJ.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
authors.forename: R Mark
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Grady
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Starr
authors.forename: Gail L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Ackerman
authors.forename: Joshua R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Sanes
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008931:Mitochondria, Muscle / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary
chemical_list: D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C485901:Syne1 protein, mouse; D004247:DNA