title: Chromosomal analysis of mouse spermatozoa following physical and chemical treatments that are effective in inactivating HIV.
abstract: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) can be inactivated by heating at 56 degrees C for 30 min, treating with 50% ethanol at room temperature for 10 min, or treating with 2% sodium hypochlorite solution (NaClO) at room temperature for 60 min. Using a mouse model, we evaluated the risk of generating chromosome damage in spermatozoa following these treatments. The spermatozoa were all dead after the treatments. Although 41.3% of oocytes injected with ethanol-treated spermatozoa successfully activated, none of the oocytes injected with heated or NaClO-treated spermatozoa activated. When artificial stimulation with strontium was used, the fertilization of oocytes with heated or ethanol-treated spermatozoa was completely rescued. Sperm nuclei treated with NaClO neither decondensed nor developed to a male pronucleus. The incidences of structural chromosome aberrations in 1-cell zygotes derived from the heated spermatozoa (45.6%) and ethanol-treated spermatozoa (91.2%) were significantly higher than those in the matched controls (5.5% and 10.5%, respectively). Further study is needed to develop a methodology for the protection of spermatozoa against chromosome damage or the separation of damaged spermatozoa before intracytoplasmic sperm injection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan. morozumi@fmu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kazuto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morozumi
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tateno
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yanagida
authors.forename: Haruo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Katayose
authors.forename: Yujiroh
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamiguchi
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000139:chemically induced*; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006678:HIV; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice / Q000235:genetics*; D009865:Oocytes / Q000502:physiology; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000494:pharmacology; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic / Q000379:methods; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000166:cytology* / Q000821:virology; D013324:Strontium; D038301:Virus Inactivation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; D013324:Strontium