title: The delay and worry experience of African American women with breast cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the delay in seeking treatment and worry experiences of African American women with breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive, correlational.
  
  
  METHODS
  Urban northeastern United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  60 African American women diagnosed with breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consenting participants completed the worry subscale of the Ware Health Perception questionnaire and a Demographic and Illness-Related Information Sheet during a one-hour personal interview. Data analysis consisted of descriptive statistics and Pearson correlations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Delay in seeking treatment, worry about breast cancer and symptoms, and sociodemographic characteristics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Contrary to the literature, participants reported short patient and provider delay. As a result of little variability in delay, predicting those for whom worry was a deterrent or a motivator to seek prompt treatment was not possible.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although delay does exist, African American women with sociodemographic characteristics similar to white women who do not delay are likely to have similarly short symptom durations. Further study to determine who is helped and who is hurt by worry and other possible intervening factors would be useful. Including biologic characteristics such as tumor staging and hormone receptor information in future studies would allow for a closer examination of stage at diagnosis and biologic influence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Interventions with African American women cannot assume that delay exists. Strategies that consider both individual and cultural group differences are essential to the early seeking of a diagnosis and treatment for breast cancer symptoms among African American women.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Villanova University, PA, USA. patricia.bradley@villanova.edu
authors.forename: Patricia K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Bradley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology*; D000368:Aged; D001007:Anxiety; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D005239:Fear; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006296:Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D013997:Time Factors; D014505:Urban Population