title: Sensitive determination of heroin based on electrogenerated chemiluminescence of tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) immobilized in zeolite Y modified carbon paste electrode.
abstract: A novel method for rapid, inexpensive, sensitive and selective determination of heroin was proposed by flow injection electrogenerated chemiluminescence (ECL). Zeolite Y sieves were used for the preparation of a ECL sensor by immobilizing tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)3(2+)) in their supercages, which was achieved through the ion exchange properties of the sieves. The electrochemical and ECL behaviors of Ru(bpy)3(2+) immobilized in zeolite Y modified carbon paste electrode was investigated. The immobilized Ru(bpy)3(2+) displayed a pair of surface-controlled redox peaks with an electron transfer rate constant of 1.2 +/- 0.1 s(-1) in 0.1 mol dm(-3) pH 6.3 phosphate buffer. The modified electrode showed an electrocatalytic response to the oxidation of heroin, producing a sensitized ECL signal. The ECL sensor showed a linear response to flow injection of heroin in the range of 2.0-80 micromol dm(-3) with a detection limit of 1.1 micromol dm(-3). This method for heroin determination possessed good sensitivity and reproducibility with a coefficient of variation of 1.99% (n = 15) at 50.0 micromol dm(-3). The ECL sensor showed good selectivity and long-term stability. Its surface could be renewed quickly and reproducibly by a simple polish step.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China.
authors.forename: Yafeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.forename: Daming
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Huangxian
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ju
mesh_terms: D002244:Carbon; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D017022:Flow Injection Analysis; D003932:Heroin / Q000032:analysis*; D013287:Illicit Drugs / Q000032:analysis*; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D008839:Microelectrodes; D009294:Narcotics / Q000032:analysis*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D017641:Zeolites
chemical_list: D013287:Illicit Drugs; D009294:Narcotics; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; C415768:tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II); D017641:Zeolites; D003932:Heroin; D002244:Carbon