title: Mixture of honey, beeswax and olive oil inhibits growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Honey, beeswax and olive oil mixture (1:1:1, v/v) is useful in the treatment of diaper dermatitis, psoriasis and eczema. The study was designed to investigate effects of honey, olive oil, and beeswax and the mixture on growth of Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans isolated from human specimens.
  
  
  METHODS
  The following experiments were performed: 1) honey mixture was poured on holes made on plates seeded with S. aureus or C. albicans, 2) the microorganisms were cultured onto media made of honey mixture alone, nutrient agar-honey mixture and Sabouraud glucose agar-honey mixture. The concentration of honey mixture in nutrient agar or Sabouraud glucose agar was 12.5, 25, 33, 50 and 66% (v/v), and 3) honey, olive oil or beeswax was added onto nutrient agar or Sabouraud glucose agar at a ratio of 1:2 (v/v) and then were seeded with S. aureus or C. albicans.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clear zone of inhibition was observed around holes filled with honey mixture; 3.5 mm on media seeded with C. albicans and 4 mm on media seeded with S. aureus. No growth of either microorganism was obtained on media made of honey mixture alone. The minimum concentration of honey mixture in nutrient agar-honey mixture media required to inhibit S. aureus was 50% and 66% concentration was required to inhibit C. albicans growth onto Sabouraud glucose agar-honey mixture media. No growth of S. aureus or C. albicans was obtained on media containing honey whereas mild to moderate growth was obtained on media containing olive oil or beeswax.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Honey and honey mixture apparently could inhibit growth of S. aureus or C. albicans.
authors.affiliation: Dubai Specialized Medical Center and Medical Research Labs Islamic Establishment for Education, Dubai, United Arab Emirates. noori786@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Noori S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Al-Waili
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000188:drug therapy; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006722:Honey; D006801:Humans; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014885:Waxes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D004338:Drug Combinations; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D014885:Waxes; C038228:beeswax