title: [Long-term results of different treatment modalities in 464 hypopharyngeal squamous-cell carcinoma patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present the treatment results and to identify the most effective therapeutic plan of different therapeutic modalities in patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of hypopharynnx.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of 464 patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx treated between 1958 and 1998 was accomplished. The clinical characteristics, results of different treatments were analyzed by SPSS 10.0 statistic software.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 464 patients, the age ranged from 20 to 88 years (mean 56.3 years) and the male to female ratio was 5.5:1. The primary lesion of 383 were originated from the pyriform sinus, 40 from posterior pharyngeal wall and 41 from the postcricoid area. According to the UICC 1997 TNM staging system, 75% had T3 or T4 lesion or 92.2% stage III or IV on presentation. 65% had neck metastases. 202 patients were treated with preoperative radiation plus surgery (R + S), 22 with surgery plus postoperative radiation (S + R), 26 surgery alone (S), 40 patients with salvage surgery after radiotherapy failure (RF) and 174 patients with radiotherapy alone. The overall 5-year survival rate was 34.2%. The overall 5-year survival rate of R + S group was 46.3%, S + R group was 49.2%, S alone group 22.8%, RF group was 40.8%, radiotherapy alone group 18.0% (P < 0.01). The overall 5-year survival rate of R + S group was higher than that of S alone group (P = 0.046). The rate of larynx preservation in R + S group was 39.6% in contrast to that of S + R and S alone group of 16.7% (P = 0.003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The survival rate of patients with squamous-cell carcinoma of the hypopharynx treated with combined therapy (R + S or S + R) is better than the other therapeutic modalities. R + S combined is able to offer an obviously higher rate of larynx preservation (39.6% vs 16.7%).
authors.affiliation: Cancer Institute (Hospital), Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100021, China.
authors.forename: Zong-Min
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ping-Zhang
authors.initials: PZ
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Zhen-Gang
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Qing-Hong
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yu-Hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Guo-Zhen
authors.initials: GZ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Gui-Yi
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Tu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007012:Hypopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate