Cigarette smoking increases human vitamin E requirements as estimated by plasma deuterium-labeled CEHC.
Cigarette smoking (CS) is a well-described oxidant burden in humans. We hypothesized that CS would accelerate alpha-tocopherol (alpha-T) utilization leaving less for metabolite (CEHC) production. After labeled alpha-T consumption (75 mg each of d(3)-RRR-alpha-TAc and d(6)-all-rac-alpha-TAc) by smokers and nonsmokers (n = 10/group), CS increased alpha-T disappearance and decreased plasma and urinary CEHCs. Plasma d(3)/d(6)-alpha-T ratios were approximately 1.4 during supplementation and approximately 2 from days 5 to 17. d(3)/d(6)-alpha-CEHC ratios were on average 0.29 +/- 0.05, confirming that all-rac-alpha-tocopherol is metabolized more efficiently. CEHC may be a good marker of vitamin E status, and smokers may have an increased vitamin E requirement.
Leonard
Scott W
SW
Linus Pauling Institute, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA.
Bruno
Richard S
RS
Ramakrishnan
Rajasekhar
R
Bray
Tammy
T
Traber
Maret G
MG
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002839:Chromans / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine; D003903:Deuterium; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
D002839:Chromans; C483420:carboxyethyl-hydroxychroman; D014810:Vitamin E; D003903:Deuterium; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol