title: Does rigid bronchoscopy induce bacterial translocation? An experimental study in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although some reports suggest that bronchoscopy induces bacterial translocation (BT), the mechanisms of BT remain unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to assess whether bronchoscopy or hypoxemia during bronchoscopy is responsible for BT.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 24 rats divided into three subgroups: the control group (group 1, n = 8); the rigid bronchoscopy group (group 2, n = 8), and the group receiving bronchoscopy + mechanical ventilation (group 3, n = 8). Oxygen saturation (SaO(2)) was measured during the bronchoscopic procedure. Blood and tissue cultures from mesenteric lymph nodes (MLNs), liver, spleen and cecal contents were obtained 24 h following bronchoscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group 2, SaO(2) was significantly lower than in groups 1 and 3 (p < 0.01). In group 2, BT significantly increased (6/8, 75%; p < 0.01 vs. group 1, and p < 0.05 vs. group 3). The main site of translocation was MLNs (6/8, 75%) in group 2, while BT was detected in only 1 rat in group 3 (1/8, 12.5%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypoxemia during rigid bronchoscopy resulted in intestinal mucosal damage in a rat model. Hypoxemia may have been the trigger for BT from the intestine following bronchoscopy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chest Diseases, Pamukkale University School of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey. ozkurtsibel@hotmail.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozkurt
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Herek
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Atalay
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kaleli
authors.forename: C O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Kara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D018988:Bacterial Translocation / Q000502:physiology*; D001999:Bronchoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008099:Liver / Q000382:microbiology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000382:microbiology; D008643:Mesentery; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013154:Spleen / Q000382:microbiology