title: Effect of synthetic combinations and tobacco root extract and the mixture of them on broomrape seed germination.
abstract: Various types of broomrape (Orobanche cermua), such as parasitic weeds, live on the roots of many important crops. Different methods may be advised to eradicate this parasite. But the seed size is so tiny with high stability in the soil and having strong connection with the host, it is very difficult to eradicate this parasite and there is no useful and economic method has not been suggested in this regard yet. The seeds of all types of broomrape germinate in the soil only when they are exposed to the secretions of the host's roots, therefore, providing special combinations that cause the parasite's seeds germinate in the absence of the host, can be an effective way in controlling this parasite. The effect of the tobacco root's extract and the synthetic combinations as well as their mixtures with different concentrations on the germination of the seeds of Orobanche cermua Loefi were tested to introduce an effective combination that can be used in controlling this parasite. This experiment includes 28 treatments in three replications. The tobacco root's extract was derived from the tobacco roots planted in pots containing Perlit in different stages and were prepared in different concentrations. Synthetic combinations (including combinations 1, 2 and 3) were also prepared with concentration of 1, 2 and 3 parts per million (ppm), then these combinations were tested as treatments on Broomrape's seeds. At the end of experiment, it was concluded that all the combinations used in different concentrations in this experiment significantly differ from the control treatment in their effects in causing the Broomrape's seeds germinate. Among all the combinations examined, the following were the most effective ones in the process of the germination of the Broomrape's seeds: 1. combination 2 with the concentration of one part per million, 2. combination 2 with the concentration of two parts per million, and 3 tobacco root's extract in the third stage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Protection, College of Agriculture University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran. dr_jzad@yahoo.com
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Zad
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hossieny
mesh_terms: D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D035264:Flowers / Q000254:growth & development; D018525:Germination / Q000187:drug effects*; D031672:Orobanche / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018517:Plant Roots; D012639:Seeds / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts