title: Patient perception and provider assessment of severity of heart failure as predictors of hospitalization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the agreement between 2 methods of assigning New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class to patients with chronic heart failure (CHF): deriving NYHA class from self-report interview data versus clinician assignment. To then determine the ability of each method to predict all-cause hospitalization.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adults with CHF > or = 50 years old from an urban health system in Indianapolis, Indiana, were administered the Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (a validated CHF symptom questionnaire) at baseline. Patient self-reported functional data were then used to derive NYHA class. Clinical providers who were blinded to patients' questionnaire data independently assessed NYHA functional class. We used a weighted kappa statistic to evaluate the agreement between the NYHA class from patient-derived and that from provider-assigned methods. We then assessed the ability of patient and provider NYHA to predict time to hospitalization using Cox proportional hazards models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 156 patients with complete 6-month follow-up (mean age 63 years +/- 9 SD, 53% African American, and 68% women), the correlation coefficient was 0.43 between the patient-derived and provider-assigned NYHA methods. The weighted kappa statistic was 0.278, and the 95% confidence interval was 0.18 to 0.37, indicating only slight agreement. Patients classified themselves in worse categories than did their providers. Provider-assigned NYHA was a better predictor of hospitalization (P = .06).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is only slight agreement between patient-derived and clinician-assigned NYHA functional class. A different approach with patients may be needed if providers hope to use patients' reports to identify those at risk for hospitalization.
authors.affiliation: Roudebush Veterans Administration Medical Center, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA.
authors.forename: Usha
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Subramanian
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weiner
authors.forename: Irmina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gradus-Pizlo
authors.forename: Jingwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Wanzhu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tu
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Murray
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006282:Health Personnel; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010361:Patients; D010465:Perception; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D014505:Urban Population