title: Inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysms.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inflammatory abdominal aortic aneurysms (IAAA) are a variant of aortic aneurysm characterised by extensive peri-aneurysmal fibrosis, thickened walls and dense adhesions and represent between 3 and 10% of all abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Surgery is technically challenging and is still associated with an increased morbidity and mortality. Controversy exists about aetiology and pathogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We review the literature on the current theories, the available imaging modalities and the current thinking on management of IAAA. A Medline database search was performed. Articles were cross-referenced.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aneurysm development is multifactorial with important genetic and environmental factors. The literature supports the theory that IAAA arise from the same antigenic stimulus that is responsible for the non-IAAA, representing one extreme of an inflammatory spectrum. The results after open repair have improved and there is now little difference in the mortality between non-IAAA and IAAA repair. However, there is likely to be a role for endovascular stenting in IAAA management and this requires further study. It is clear that closer follow-up of patients after IAAA repair with either technique is necessary to monitor the inflammatory process. No evidence-based follow-up protocol exists but three to six-monthly monitoring of renal function and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) for 24 months post-repair would seem a reasonable regime.
authors.affiliation: Regional Vascular Unit, Addenbrooke's NHS Trust, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Boyle
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Dixon
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Varty
mesh_terms: D017544:Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D001025:Aortitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D006801:Humans