title: Adenosquamous carcinoma of the extrahepatic biliary tract: clinicopathological analysis of Japanese cases of this uncommon disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We analyzed the clinicopathologic variables and postoperative outcomes in patients with extrahepatic adenosquamous carcinoma to identify important factors for predicting postresection prognosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six patients in Japan who underwent surgical resection for adenosquamous carcinoma of the extrahepatic biliary tract, with curative intent by the end of 2003, were studied. A retrospective review, with univariate and multivariate analyses, was performed on the clinical records of patients who underwent surgical exploration for adenosquamous carcinoma of the common bile duct. The clinical and pathologic factors that influenced patient survival were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The operative mortality rate in the patient cohort was 3%. The overall 1-, 3-, and 5-year survival rates were 57%, 26%, and 16%, respectively, and the median survival was 13 months. Univariate and multivariate analyses revealed that independent negative prognostic factors in resected specimens were: (1) the presence of pancreatic invasion, (2) the presence of n2 and n3 lymph node metastasis, and (3) curability C status. The presence of an abnormal arrangement of the pancreatobiliary ductal system and pathological serosal invasion of the tumor tended to be associated with poor survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Curative surgical resection for adenosquamous carcinoma remains the only effective treatment, because it offers the chance of long-term survival. New adjuvant strategies are required for improvements in patient outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Kohasu-Okocho, Nankoku, 783-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: Takehiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okabayashi
authors.forename: Michiya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nishimori
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Namikawa
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Saburo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Onishi
authors.forename: Keijiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Araki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001661:Biliary Tract Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D018196:Carcinoma, Adenosquamous / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D010179:Pancreas / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D016896:Treatment Outcome