title: The effect of solanapyrone a produced by Ascochyta rabiei on seed germination and the elongation of radicles and hypocotyls of chickpea (Cicer areitinum L.).
abstract: Three Algerian isolates of A. rabiei (72, Mat 1.2 and 9216) were grown on Czapek Dox medium supplemented with cations and incubated for 14 days. After incubation, the mycelium of the fungus was removed by filtration through four layers of muslin cloth and spores were removed from the filtrate by centrifugation at 10,000 g for 20 min. Solanapyrone A was partially purified by liquid phase extraction into ethyl acetate and, after removal of the ethyl acetate, the toxin samples were dissolved in methanol and quantified by analytical High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Solanapyrone A was identified by superimposition of its UV spectrum, obtained from the diode array detector of the HPLC, on the spectrum of an authentic sample. The action of solanapyrone A solution on seed germination and elongation of radicles and hypocotyls was tested using a concentration of 18.2 microg/ml and a two-fold dilution series of this solution in distilled water. The three Isolates, 72, Mat1.2 and 9216 produced solanapyrone A at concentrations of 37.2, 14.2 and 11.09 microg/ml, respectively. When probit % inhibition of seed germination was plotted against log2 of solanapyrone A concentration, there was a linear relationship and the EC50 concentration was determined as 7.2 microg/ml. Similarly, when radicle and hypocotyl elongation was plotted against log2 of solanapyrone A concentration, both gave linear relationships and the EC50 concentrations were determined as 5.37 and 6.02 microg/ml, respectively. It was concluded that solanapyrone A has a considerable inhibition of chickpea. However radicles and hypocotyls were susceptible than seed germination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Univserity Ferhat Abbas of Sétif, Algeria.
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Zerroug
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bouznad
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Larous
authors.forename: R N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Strange
mesh_terms: D000462:Algeria; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000737:chemistry*; D029863:Cicer / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018525:Germination / Q000187:drug effects*; D018546:Hypocotyl / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011753:Pyrones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012639:Seeds / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D009183:Mycotoxins; D009281:Naphthalenes; D011753:Pyrones; C113266:solanapyrone A