title: Enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis-associated diarrhea in children 0-2 years of age in rural Bangladesh.
abstract: The burden of enterotoxigenic Bacteroides fragilis (ETBF)-related diarrhea was determined in a birth cohort of 252 children in rural Bangladesh. Isolation rates of ETBF in stool and risk factors for acquisition of ETBF and disease were established. Of 382 B. fragilis-positive specimens, 14.4% of the strains found in them produced enterotoxin, as determined by a tissue-culture assay. The overall isolation rate of ETBF was 2.3% (40/1750) from diarrheal specimens and 0.3% (15/5679) from nondiarrheal specimens collected throughout the 2 years of the study (P < .001). ETBF was isolated from 20.3% (40/197) of the B. fragilis-positive diarrheal specimens and from 8.1% (15/185) of the B. fragilis-positive nondiarrheal specimens (P < .001) and was significantly associated with acute diarrheal disease in children > or = 1 year of age (P = .0001). The diarrheal illness was mild in nature. In conditional multivariate analyses that examined environmental and host risk factors, the presence of livestock in the household area was linked to the acquisition of ETBF (chickens, P < .05; cows, P = .06). ETBF was found to be a small but significant contributor to diarrheal disease in this rural community. Improved management of livestock may be useful for the prevention of ETBF infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Preeti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pathela
authors.forename: K Zahid
authors.initials: KZ
authors.lastname: Hasan
authors.forename: Eliza
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: Korshed
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Alam
authors.forename: Fazlul
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Huq
authors.forename: A Kasem
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Siddique
authors.forename: R Bradley
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Sack
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D001442:Bacteroides Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D001441:Bacteroides fragilis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D001459:Bangladesh / Q000453:epidemiology; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012423:Rural Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012621:Seasons