title: [Cardiovascular disease and risk factors in candidates for renal transplantation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and traditional risk factors in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing evaluation for inclusion on the renal transplantation list.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred ninety-five patients with dialytic chronic renal failure underwent clinical evaluation and complementary tests and were compared with a group of 334 hypertensive patients paired for age. The Framingham equations were used for calculating the absolute risk (AR). The relative risk (RR) was calculated based on the absolute risk of the low-risk Framingham cohort.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-seven percent of the patients had some sort of cardiovascular disease on the initial evaluation, peripheral vascular disease (23%) being the most prevalent. Patients with cardiovascular disease were excluded. Regarding traditional risk factors, a significant difference was observed in systolic blood pressure and total cholesterol (greater in the hypertensive group), and in the prevalence of men, diabetes, and smoking, which were greater in the chronic renal failure group. The latter had a greater degree of left ventricular hypertrophy, lower diastolic blood pressure, and a lower prevalence of familial history of cardiovascular disease and obesity. The relative risk for cardiovascular disease in patients with chronic renal failure was greater compared with that in the Framingham control population, but it did not differ from that observed in the group of hypertensive individuals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of cardiovascular disease and traditional risk factors is high among candidates for renal transplantation; the Framingham equations do not adequately quantify the real cardiovascular risk, and other risk factors specific for that population should contribute for their greater cardiovascular risk.
authors.affiliation: Incor, Hospital das Clínicas, FMUSP, São Paulo, SP. luis.gowdak@incor.usp.br
authors.forename: Luís Henrique Wolff
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Gowdak
authors.forename: Flávio Jota de
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Paula
authors.forename: Dante Marcelo Artigas
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Giorgi
authors.forename: Marcelo Luís Campos
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Vieira
authors.forename: Eduardo Moacyr
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Krieger
authors.forename: José Jayme Galvão de
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lima
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011300:Preoperative Care; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014850:Waiting Lists