Etiology and pathophysiology of osteoarthritis.
Acute or chronic insult, including normal wear and tear, age, obesity, and joint injury, may initiate an imbalance between matrix synthesis and matrix degradation in healthy cartilage that promotes chondral loss and prevents cartilage self-repair. The structure of healthy cartilage and the pathophysiological mechanisms of its degradation are described, followed by descriptions of endogenous and exogenous factors believed to be involved in the progressive course of osteoarthritis. Studies cited include research from the community of sports medicine.
Mandelbaum
Bert
B
Pepperdine University, Santa Monica Orthopedic and Sports Medicine Group, Santa Monica, Calif, USA.
Waddell
David
D
D051722:ADAM Proteins; D000071097:ADAMTS1 Protein; D000367:Age Factors; D002357:Cartilage Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D064236:Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000378:metabolism*; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000502:physiology; D019483:Disintegrins / Q000378:metabolism; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D017629:Gap Junctions / Q000502:physiology; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007596:Joints / Q000503:physiopathology; D064235:Matrilin Proteins; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors
D064236:Cartilage Oligomeric Matrix Protein; D019483:Disintegrins; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D064235:Matrilin Proteins; C577553:TSP5 protein, human; D051722:ADAM Proteins; D000071097:ADAMTS1 Protein; C103859:ADAMTS1 protein, human; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases