title: A configuration space of homologous proteins conserving mutual information and allowing a phylogeny inference based on pair-wise Z-score probabilities.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Popular methods to reconstruct molecular phylogenies are based on multiple sequence alignments, in which addition or removal of data may change the resulting tree topology. We have sought a representation of homologous proteins that would conserve the information of pair-wise sequence alignments, respect probabilistic properties of Z-scores (Monte Carlo methods applied to pair-wise comparisons) and be the basis for a novel method of consistent and stable phylogenetic reconstruction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We have built up a spatial representation of protein sequences using concepts from particle physics (configuration space) and respecting a frame of constraints deduced from pair-wise alignment score properties in information theory. The obtained configuration space of homologous proteins (CSHP) allows the representation of real and shuffled sequences, and thereupon an expression of the TULIP theorem for Z-score probabilities. Based on the CSHP, we propose a phylogeny reconstruction using Z-scores. Deduced trees, called TULIP trees, are consistent with multiple-alignment based trees. Furthermore, the TULIP tree reconstruction method provides a solution for some previously reported incongruent results, such as the apicomplexan enolase phylogeny.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CSHP is a unified model that conserves mutual information between proteins in the way physical models conserve energy. Applications include the reconstruction of evolutionary consistent and robust trees, the topology of which is based on a spatial representation that is not reordered after addition or removal of sequences. The CSHP and its assigned phylogenetic topology, provide a powerful and easily updated representation for massive pair-wise genome comparisons based on Z-score computations.
authors.affiliation: UMR 5019 CNRS-CEA-INRA-Université Joseph Fourier, Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire Végétale, Département Réponse et Dynamique Cellulaire, CEA Grenoble, 17 rue des Martyrs, F-38054, Grenoble cedex 09, France. obastien@cea.fr <obastien@cea.fr>
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bastien
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ortet
authors.forename: Sylvaine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Maréchal
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D016678:Genome; D005956:Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008957:Models, Genetic; D015233:Models, Statistical; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D010802:Phylogeny; D011336:Probability; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D016415:Sequence Alignment / Q000379:methods*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D020539:Sequence Analysis, Protein; D017423:Sequence Analysis, RNA; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D012984:Software
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; D005956:Glucose-6-Phosphate Isomerase