title: Immune response after adjuvant mucosal immunization of mice with inactivated influenza virus.
abstract: Satisfactory mucosal immunity in the respiratory tract is very important for protection against influenza. It can be achieved only by mucosal immunization. Mucosal vaccination with inactivated influenza virus may not be sufficiently effective and suitable adjuvants are therefore sought. We tested intratracheal immunization of mice with inactivate B type influenza virus in a mixture with formolized G+ bacterium Bacillus firmus, whose adjuvant effects have previously been documented in another system. The treatment resulted in a marked increase of both systemic and mucosal antibody response in IgG and IgA classes. Stimulation of T lymphocytes after adjuvant immunization was very mild, no proliferation taking place after specific stimulation with antigen in vitro. However, slightly increased systemic (spleen) and local (lungs) production of cytokines without perceptible Th1/Th2 polarization was determined. B. firmus is an efficient adjuvant in respiratory tract immunization while with subcutaneous immunization it lowers the antibody response.
authors.affiliation: Charles University, 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Immunology and Microbiology, Studnickova 7, 12800 Prague 2, Czech Republic. pzanvit@yahoo.com
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zanvit
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Havlícková
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tácner
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jirkovská
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Petrásková
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Novotná
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cechová
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Julák
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sterzl
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Prokesová
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D004285:Dogs; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D029524:Betainfluenzavirus / Q000276:immunology*; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated / Q000276:immunology*; D038301:Virus Inactivation
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D016207:Cytokines; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated