title: TNF antagonists for ankylosing spondylitis.
abstract: Up to 2 in 1,000 adults in the UK have ankylosing spondylitis. This chronic inflammatory disease causes pain and stiffness in the spine and sacroiliac and peripheral joints, and may also affect the eyes, heart and ungs. Characteristic features include ankylosis of the spine with a progressive loss of spinal mobility. Treatment with NSAIDs and physical therapy can provide symptomatic relief of pain and stiffness, but does not modify the course of the disease (e.g. slow or prevent ankylosis). In general, disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs), such as gold, methotrexate and sulfasalazine, have little or no effect in ankylosing spondylitis. [symbol: see text]Etanercept (Enbrel--Wyeth) and [symbol: see text]infliximab (Remicade--Schering-Plough), two drugs which block the inflammatory effect of tumour necrosis factor (TNF), are now licensed for the treatment of patients with severe ankylosing spondylitis whose symptoms have not responded adequately to conventional therapy. Here we review the place of these TNF antagonists in the management of such individuals.
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068800:Etanercept; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069285:Infliximab; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013167:Spondylitis, Ankylosing / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000069285:Infliximab; D000068800:Etanercept