The doctor as focus group moderator--shifting roles and negotiating positions in health research.
BACKGROUND
Any research is inextricably entwined with the researcher's positions adopted while collecting data. This represents an important challenge to focus group moderators whose positions within the group influence data collection. This situation is particularly important in health research where moderators are doctors.


OBJECTIVE
This study explores the moderator's social interaction with the group, in particular the moderator's position and how it affects data collection, the research process and knowledge production.


METHODS
A qualitative study exploring group dynamics and the moderator's positions in focus group discussions, in particular the interaction between the moderator's position and her role as a doctor.


RESULTS
The social construction and negotiation of the doctor's position depended both on the participants' view of the moderator and on the moderator's situational response. The moderator dealt with the participants' expectations and alternated between different positions: those she chose for herself and those chosen for her by the participants. Adoption of an active strategy outlining the moderator's position clarified the framework of data collection.


CONCLUSIONS
Doctors using focus groups as research tool to gain insight into people's ideas about illness must be conscious about how their medical background influences their positions during data collection. The focus group moderator must balance between letting participants discuss the topics without being disturbed and actively intervening in the discussion to clarify the process. The researcher has to set the boundaries and guidelines as to how the research is conducted.
Reventlow
S
S
Research Unit of General Practice and Department of General Practice, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark. sr@gpract.ku.dk
Tulinius
C
C
D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006126:Group Processes; D006302:Health Services Research / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D017008:Negotiating; D010819:Physician's Role; D036301:Qualitative Research; D035844:Researcher-Subject Relations