title: Dementia subtypes in China: prevalence in Beijing, Xian, Shanghai, and Chengdu.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prevalences of Alzheimer disease (AD) and vascular dementia (VaD) in China reportedly differ from those in Western countries.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To estimate prevalence of AD and VaD in 4 regions of China.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional, population-based prevalence survey with a stratified, multistage cluster sampling design.
  
  
  METHODS
  Rural (n = 99) and urbanized (n = 71) communities of Beijing, Xian, Shanghai, and Chengdu.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 34 807 community residents (94% of those eligible) 55 years or older.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were screened with the Chinese Mini-Mental State Examination. Those who screened positive (n = 3950) underwent a standardized diagnostic workup. Screening sensitivity was assessed in a 3.3% random sample (n = 1008 of the 30 857 who passed the screening). Diagnoses of AD and VaD were made according to National Institute of Neurological and Communicative Diseases and Stroke-Alzheimer Disease and Related Disorders Association and National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke-Association Internationale pour la Recherche et l'Enseignement en Neurosciences criteria, respectively. Final diagnoses were made after a 6-month confirmation interval.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 732 AD cases and 295 VaD cases. Prevalence in persons 65 years or older was 3.5% (95% confidence interval, 3.0%-3.9%) for AD and 1.1% (95% confidence interval, 0.9%-1.1%) for VaD. After post hoc correction for negative screening errors, prevalence increased to 4.8% for AD and remained at 1.1% for VaD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prevalence of dementia subtypes in China is comparable with that in Western countries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Epidemiology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing, China. zhangzx@pumch.ac.cn
authors.forename: Zhen-Xin
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Gwendolyn E P
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Zahner
authors.forename: Gustavo C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Román
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Qiu-Ming
authors.initials: QM
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: Xie-He
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiao-Jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Cheng-Bing
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Mao-Ni
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015140:Dementia, Vascular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012111:Residence Characteristics