Bone mass and mineral metabolism in HIV+ postmenopausal women.
The objective of this cross-sectional study was to estimate the prevalence of and risk factors for osteoporosis in HIV+ postmenopausal women. Bone mineral density (BMD) by dual energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA) and biochemical indices of mineral metabolism were measured in 31 Hispanic and African American HIV+ postmenopausal women. BMD was compared with 186 historical controls, matched for age, ethnicity and postmenopausal status. Mean BMD was significantly lower at the lumbar spine and total hip in the HIV+ group, as compared with controls. Prevalence of osteoporosis was higher in the HIV+ group than controls at the lumbar spine (42% vs 23%, p =0.03) and total hip (10% vs 1%, p =0.003). Among HIV+ women, time since menopause and weight were significant predictors of BMD, while duration or class of antiretroviral therapy (ART), AIDS diagnosis, nadir CD4, steroid use, and vitamin D deficiency were not. Prevalence of osteoporosis is substantially higher in HIV+ Hispanic and African-American postmenopausal women than in controls. Established osteoporosis risk factors were more important in predicting BMD than factors associated with HIV infection and ART. Long-term management of the growing female HIV population should include the evaluation for and management of osteoporosis.
Yin
Michael
M
Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Medicine, Columbia College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, NY, 10032, USA. mty4@columbia.edu
Dobkin
Jay
J
Brudney
Karen
K
Becker
Carolyn
C
Zadel
Janis L
JL
Manandhar
Monica
M
Addesso
Vicki
V
Shane
Elizabeth
E
D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D001741:Black or African American; D015519:Bone Density; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood; D015663:Osteoporosis, Postmenopausal / Q000097:blood / Q000208:ethnology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood
D015675:Osteocalcin; D014807:Vitamin D