title: Effects of dietary supplementation with sodium chloride on urinary relative supersaturation with calcium oxalate in healthy dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of dietary supplementation with sodium chloride (NaCl) on urinary calcium excretion, urine calcium concentration, and urinary relative supersaturation (RSS) with calcium oxalate (CaOx).
  
  
  METHODS
  6 adult female healthy Beagles.
  
  
  METHODS
  By use of a crossover study design, a canned diet designed to decrease CaOx urolith recurrence with and without supplemental NaCl (i.e., 1.2% and 0.24% sodium on a dry-matter basis, respectively) was fed to dogs for 6 weeks. Every 14 days, 24-hour urine samples were collected. Concentrations of lithogenic substances and urine pH were used to calculate values of urinary RSS with CaOx.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When dogs consumed a diet supplemented with NaCl, 24-hour urine volume and 24-hour urine calcium excretion increased. Dietary supplementation with NaCl was not associated with a change in urine calcium concentration. However, urine oxalate acid concentrations and values of urinary RSS with CaOx were significantly lower after feeding the NaCI-supplemented diet for 28 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dietary supplementation with NaCl in a urolith-prevention diet decreased the propensity for CaOx crystallization in the urine of healthy adult Beagles. However, until long-term studies evaluating the efficacy and safety of dietary supplementation with NaCl in dogs with CaOx urolithiasis are preformed, we suggest that dietary supplementation with NaCl be used cautiously.
authors.affiliation: Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Minnesota, St Paul, MN 55108, USA.
authors.forename: Jody P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lulich
authors.forename: Carl A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Osborne
authors.forename: Sherry L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Sanderson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002129:Calcium Oxalate / Q000652:urine*; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange / Q000662:veterinary; D003404:Creatinine / Q000032:analysis / Q000652:urine; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004285:Dogs; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D005260:Female; D015592:Immunoradiometric Assay / Q000662:veterinary; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic / Q000662:veterinary; D014545:Urinary Calculi / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004573:Electrolytes; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; D002129:Calcium Oxalate; D003404:Creatinine