title: Epigallocatechin-3-gallate from green tea negatively affects swine granulosa cell function.
abstract: The use of herbs as additives in livestock nutrition as an alternative to antibiotics is becoming a new goal in animal production. It is known that green tea exerts antimicrobial activity owing to specific flavonoid compounds named catechins, primarily represented by epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG). Remarkably, despite many potential benefits of green tea and EGCG consumption, it is also important to get an insight on the possible reproductive-related consequences of feeding supplementation. To this purpose, granulosa cells were harvested from follicles > 5mm and treated with 5 and 50 microg/ml of EGCG in order to evaluate the effects on the main parameters of granulosa cell function: steroidogenesis, by measuring progesterone and estradiol-17beta production, and proliferation, one of the major feature of ovarian follicular growth. Moreover, as the genesis of new vessels has been demonstrated to be fundamental for follicle development, we evaluated the effect of EGCG on the production of the main angiogenetic factor, VEGF, by swine granulosa cells. Finally, since reactive oxygen species (ROS) might be involved in the control of female reproductive activity, we studied the effect of EGCG on superoxide anion (O2-) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) production by swine granulosa cells and on the activity of the scavenging enzyme superoxide dismutase (SOD). EGCG significantly (p < 0.05) inhibited proliferation, steroidogenesis, VEGF and O2- production by swine granulosa cells; on the contrary, H2O2 levels and SOD activity were stimulated (p < 0.05) by the catechin. Therefore, since our data demonstrate that EGCG has a negative effect on reproductive performances in swine, feeding supplementation should be carefully considered.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Produzioni Animali, Biotecnologie Veterinarie, Qualità e Sicurezza degli Alimenti, Sezione di Fisiologia Veterinaria, Università di Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy. basini@unipr.it
authors.forename: Giuseppina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Basini
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bianco
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Grasselli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D028241:Camellia sinensis / Q000737:chemistry*; D002392:Catechin / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D004958:Estradiol / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D011374:Progesterone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine; D013662:Tea / Q000737:chemistry; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D013662:Tea; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D013481:Superoxides; D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D002392:Catechin; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; C045651:epigallocatechin gallate; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase