title: Effect of paroxetine hydrochloride (Paxil) on fatigue and depression in breast cancer patients receiving chemotherapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fatigue can significantly interfere with a cancer patient's ability to fulfill daily responsibilities and enjoy life. It commonly co-exists with depression in patients undergoing chemotherapy, suggesting that administration of an antidepressant that alleviates symptoms of depression could also reduce fatigue.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report on a double-blind clinical trial of 94 female breast cancer patients receiving at least four cycles of chemotherapy randomly assigned to receive either 20 mg of the selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitor (SSRI) paroxetine (Paxil, SmithKline Beecham Pharmaceuticals) or an identical-appearing placebo. Patients began their study medication seven days following their first on-study treatment and continued until seven days following their fourth on-study treatment. Seven days after each treatment, participants completed questionnaires measuring fatigue (Multidimensional Assessment of Fatigue, Profile of Mood States-Fatigue/Inertia subscale and Fatigue Symptom Checklist) and depression (Profile of Mood States-Depression subscale [POMS-DD] and Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression [CES-D]).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Repeated-measures ANOVAs, after controlling for baseline measures, showed that paroxetine was more effective than placebo in reducing depression during chemotherapy as measured by the CES-D (p = 0.006) and the POMS-DD (p = 0.07) but not in reducing fatigue (all measures, ps > 0.27).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although depression was significantly reduced in the 44 patients receiving paroxetine compared to the 50 patients receiving placebo, indicating that a biologically active dose was used, no significant differences between groups on any of the measures of fatigued were observed. Results suggest that modulation of serotonin may not be a primary mechanism of fatigue related to cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: University of Rochester Cancer Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 704, Rochester, New York 14642, USA. Joseph_Roscoe@urmc.rochester.edu
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Roscoe
authors.forename: Gary R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Morrow
authors.forename: Jane T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Hickok
authors.forename: Karen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Mustian
authors.forename: Jennifer J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Griggs
authors.forename: Sara E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Matteson
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bushunow
authors.forename: Raman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Qazi
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005221:Fatigue / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017374:Paroxetine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010919:Placebos; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018687:Antidepressive Agents, Second-Generation; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010919:Placebos; D017374:Paroxetine