title: Arthroscopic treatment of soft-tissue impingement lesions of the ankle in adolescents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ankle sprains are common injuries in adolescents. Most are treated conservatively with rest, ice, antiinflammatory medication, and rehabilitation. A small percentage of patients develop chronic pain and functional instability secondary to intraarticular soft-tissue impingement. This study evaluated the effectiveness of ankle arthroscopy for the treatment of functional instability of the ankle with pain specifically in adolescents between the ages of 13 and 19 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 11 patients at an average of 25 (range 15 to 38) months after arthroscopic debridement. The American Orthopaedic Foot and Ankle Society (AOFAS) ankle and hindfoot score was used to evaluate outcomes. In addition, four questions were asked: 1) Are you satisfied with the outcome of your surgery? 2) Would you have the procedure again? 3) Would you recommend it to a friend? 4) Have you returned to your preinjury level of activity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average postoperative AOFAS score was 95 (range 75 to 100). We found that 10 of 11 patients had good to excellent results with arthroscopic debridement of soft-tissue, intraarticular impingement lesions. All but one patient was satisfied with the procedure and all stated that they would have the procedure again. Two patients had repeat injuries and one subsequently developed reflex sympathetic dystrophy. These two patients had not yet returned to their preinjury level of activity at last followup.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We found ankle arthroscopy to be a safe and effective means of treatment in adolescents with functional instability from soft-tissue ankle impingement.
authors.affiliation: University of Connecticut, Department of Orthopaedics, Farmington, CT 06032, USA.
authors.forename: Heather A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Gulish
authors.forename: Raymond J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Sullivan
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aronow
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000601:surgery*; D001182:Arthroscopy; D003646:Debridement; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012189:Retrospective Studies