title: Lateral cervical epidural catheter placement using nerve stimulation for continuous unilateral upper extremity analgesia following a failed continuous peripheral nerve block.
abstract: This case report describes the application of electrical stimulation (Tsui test) to confirm placement of a cervical epidural catheter for postoperative pain management in a patient with a failed brachial plexus block who underwent upper extremity surgery. An epidural catheter was easily advanced under nerve stimulation guidance to the surgical dermatome C4 level without any resistance from the C7-T1 level. Successful analgesia was achieved with a bolus of 2 mg ml(-1) ropivacaine 2 ml and fentanyl 20 microg, followed by a continuous infusion of 2 mg ml(-1) ropivacaine with 2 microg ml(-1) of fentanyl at a rate of 2 ml h(-1). This case reminds the clinician that cervical epidural analgesia may serve as an alternative to a difficult continuous peripheral nerve block. Electrical stimulation may also help to confirm cervical epidural catheter placement at the appropriate dermatome to provide effective analgesia with minimal side-effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia, University of Calgary, and Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Prusinkiewicz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: B C H
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Tsui
mesh_terms: D000577:Amides; D015360:Analgesia, Epidural / Q000379:methods*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D001917:Brachial Plexus; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005283:Fentanyl; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D009407:Nerve Block; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy; D011859:Radiography; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D017211:Treatment Failure; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000601:surgery; D014953:Wrist / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D005283:Fentanyl