title: Induction of endoplasmic reticulum-induced stress genes in Panc-1 pancreatic cancer cells is dependent on Sp proteins.
abstract: Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress plays a critical role in multiple diseases, and pharmacologically active drugs can induce cell death through ER stress pathways. Stress-induced genes are activated through assembly of transcription factors on ER stress response elements (ERSEs) in target gene promoters. Gel mobility shift and chromatin immunoprecipitation assays have confirmed interactions of NF-Y and YY1 with the distal motifs of the tripartite ERSE from the glucose-related protein 78 (GRP78) gene promoter. The GC-rich nonanucleotide (N(9)) sequence, which forms the ER stress response binding factor (ERSF) complex binds TFII-I and ATF6; however, we have now shown that in Panc-1 pancreatic cancer cells, this complex also binds Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4 proteins. Sp proteins are constitutively bound to the ERSE; however, activation of GRP78 protein (or reporter gene) by thapsigargin or tunicamycin is inhibited after cotransfection with small inhibitory RNAs for Sp1, Sp3, and Sp4. This study demonstrates that Sp transcription factors are important for stress-induced responses through their binding to ERSEs.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biosciences and Technology, Texas A and M University System Health, Science Center, Houston, Texas 77030-3303, USA.
authors.forename: Maen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Abdelrahim
authors.forename: Shengxi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Safe
mesh_terms: D051702:Activating Transcription Factor 6; D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism*; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020218:Response Elements; D051705:Sp3 Transcription Factor; D051706:Sp4 Transcription Factor; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: C497111:ATF6 protein, human; D051702:Activating Transcription Factor 6; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; C000717247:HSPA5 protein, human; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; C497121:SP3 protein, human; C497124:SP4 protein, human; D051706:Sp4 Transcription Factor; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051705:Sp3 Transcription Factor