title: Effect of carbohydrate on portal vein blood flow during exercise.
abstract: Effects of carbohydrate ingestion and exercise on portal vein blood flow were studied. Flow was measured by pulsed-electronic Doppler. Eight male subjects performed four tests after a standardised breakfast and 5 h fast. Beverages were CHO (10 % glucose, 30 mmol . l (-1) NaCl) and W (water, 30 mmol . l (-1) NaCl). Exercise experiments comprised a resting measurement, 10 min warm-up and 60 min 70 % VO(2)max cycling. Every 10 min subjects stopped cycling briefly (approximately 30 s) for measurements. Beverage was consumed after warm-up (500 ml) and at 20 and 40 min (250 ml). Similar tests were done at rest. Blood samples were taken concurrently with flow measurements for hormonal concentrations. Exercise decreased blood flow (repeated measures ANOVA, p < 0.0001) and carbohydrate ingestion increased flow (p = 0.015). At rest, flow was greater with CHO than with W at 20 (177 +/- 31; 101 +/- 25 %, resp.) (mean +/- SE), 30 (209 +/- 37; 120 +/- 20 %), 40 (188 +/- 32; 108 +/- 12 %), and 60 min (195 +/- 19; 112 +/- 12 %) (1-way ANOVA, Fisher's PLSD, p < 0.05). Flow was similar during exercise with CHO and W, with a tendency for CHO to maintain flow better, at 10 (124 +/- 27; 77 +/- 21 %), 20 (81 +/- 10; 60 +/- 13 %), 30 (106 +/- 26; 56 +/- 10 %), 40 (109 +/- 28; 54 +/- 8 %), 50 (85 +/- 17; 54 +/- 13 %), and 60 min (61 +/- 15; 47 +/- 7 %). A positive correlation between glucagon and flow and an inverse correlation between noradrenaline and flow were observed. Exercise reduces, and carbohydrate increases, portal vein flow. Changes in plasma concentrations suggest that noradrenaline and glucagon, respectively, may play a role in modulating flow.
authors.affiliation: Department of Sports Medicine and Human Physiology, Academic Hospital, Free University of Brussels, Brussels, Belgium. nancy.rehrer@stonebow.otago.ac.nz
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Rehrer
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Goes
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: DuGardeyn
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Reynaert
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: DeMeirleir
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001628:Beverages; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood; D011169:Portal Vein / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D005934:Glucagon; D009638:Norepinephrine