title: Single laboratory validation of a method for the determination of hydroxymethylfurfural in honey by using solid-phase extraction cleanup and liquid chromatography.
abstract: A method is described for the determination of hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) in honey. The method, which is based on solid-phase extraction cleanup followed by liquid chromatography (LC) with UV absorbance detection, was tested on a variety of different honey types: liquid, set, blended, filtered, crystalline, and comb honey. A sample of honey fortified with a known amount of HMF acted as an in-house reference material. LC with diode-array detection showed that the HMF peak did not contain any peaks of coeluting interfering species. Stability studies showed that honey samples should not be repeatedly frozen and thawed because the temperature changes caused a gradual increase in the HMF concentration. It was also shown that aqueous HMF standard solutions should be kept in the dark at 4 degrees C to avoid degradation of the HMF. The method was internally validated, and the measurement uncertainty was estimated to be +/-9.0 at 40 mg/kg, the legal limit. A comparison of the relative standard uncertainty with the Horwitz relative standard deviation showed that the method was suitable for its purpose and should be validated by a collaborative trial.
authors.affiliation: Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York, YO41 1LZ, United Kingdom. m.driffield@csl.gov.uk
authors.forename: Malcolm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Driffield
authors.forename: Danny
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Roy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Macarthur
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: MacDonald
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Brereton
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wood
mesh_terms: D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical / Q000379:methods*; D002845:Chromatography; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D005662:Furaldehyde / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis*; D006722:Honey; D015233:Models, Statistical; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D013696:Temperature; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: C008046:5-hydroxymethylfurfural; D005662:Furaldehyde