title: An investigation of prepulse inhibition in pediatric bipolar disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Deficits in prepulse inhibition (PPI), a measure of sensorimotor gating, have been noted in psychopathologies including schizophrenia and adult bipolar disorder (BPD). Sensorimotor gating deficits may contribute to the emotional and behavioral dysregulation characteristic of pediatric BPD. The current study investigated possible PPI deficits in children with BPD.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen children with BPD (medicated, euthymic and non-psychotic) were compared with 13 control subjects on the magnitude of startle habituation, startle-alone response, and inhibition of startle following a 60 or 120-ms prepulse.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both groups displayed startle inhibition by a prepulse, with no significant between-group differences on the magnitude of inhibition after the 60- or 120-ms prepulse. In addition, there were no between-group differences on habituation or baseline startle response. PPI level was not significantly correlated with mood symptoms and did not differ based on comorbid attention deficit hyperactivity disorder.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A lack of PPI deficits in our pediatric bipolar sample contrasts with previous results in adult bipolar and schizophrenic samples. These negative results may reflect the fact that our sample was medicated and was neither acutely manic nor psychotic. Deficits in sensorimotor gating may not be implicated in the emotional and behavioral dysregulation in pediatric BPD.
authors.affiliation: Pediatrics and Developmental Neuropsychiatry Branch, Unit on Affective Psychophysiology, Mood and Anxiety Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1255, USA. brendanrich@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Brendan A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Rich
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vinton
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Grillon
authors.forename: Robinder K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Bhangoo
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Leibenluft
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology*; D001767:Blinking / Q000502:physiology; D002648:Child; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006185:Habituation, Psychophysiologic; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000502:physiology; D013216:Reflex, Startle / Q000502:physiology; D012678:Sensation Disorders / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*