title: Identifying best practices states in motorcycle rider education and licensing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  After decreasing to a historic low in 1997, motorcycle crash-related fatalities are increasing. Although causes remain unclear, motorcycle rider education and licensing play key roles in reducing motorcycle crashes and injuries. Yet, little is known about what constitutes effective rider training and licensing. This study develops a model of best practices in motorcycle rider education and licensing and combines primary and secondary data to identify states that most closely adhere to this model. Evidence on the validity of the model is also examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  States were rated along three areas of best practices: (a) program administration; (b) rider education; and (c) licensing based on 2001 data collected for a National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA)-sponsored study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results indicate wide variation in states' adherence to best practices; several states meet most, others very few. When the areas of best practices are considered separately, a state tends to behave similarly on all three. Initial evidence supports the validity of the model, with high best practices states having the lowest rates of motorcycle fatalities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As motorcycle-related crashes increase and state and federal support for rider education programs diminishes, it is critical that states identify deficiencies in their program and learn from successful states about efficient, cost-effective strategies for increasing best practices in motorcycle rider education and licensing.
authors.affiliation: American Institutes for Research, 1000 Thomas Jefferson St., NW, Washington, DC 20007, USA. sbaldi@air.org
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baldi
authors.forename: Justin D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Baer
authors.forename: Andrea L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Cook
mesh_terms: D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000517:prevention & control; D019985:Benchmarking; D006801:Humans; D008004:Licensure / Q000592:standards*; D009049:Motorcycles; D014481:United States