title: Effect of age on rabbit bladder function and structure following partial outlet obstruction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We determined whether young and old rabbits respond differently to partial bladder outlet obstruction.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 16 male New Zealand White rabbits were separated into 2 groups of 8 each. Group 1 consisted of young rabbits (age 7 weeks) and group 2 consisted of old rabbits (age 2 years). Four rabbits per group underwent partial outlet obstructions and 4 underwent sham operation. Four weeks following surgery individual bladder strips were used for contractile studies and the remaining tissue was examined histologically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Contractile responses to all forms of stimulation between the young and old sham operated groups were similar. Contractile responses to all forms of stimulation were significantly decreased to the same degree in the 2 obstructed groups. However, the rate of tension generation to field stimulation was decreased to a significantly greater degree in young vs old bladders. Although young and old bladders showed smooth muscle hypertrophy, older rabbits showed significantly greater thickening of the serosa than young rabbits. Young rabbits showed significant inflammation, hemorrhage and expansion of the lamina propria, whereas old rabbits showed none of these characteristics.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although there were only minor differences in the physiological response of young and old bladders to obstruction, young rabbits showed a significantly greater degree of histological damage. This may have been due to the thinner wall and greater sensitivity to distention.
authors.affiliation: Abant Izzet Baysal University Medicine School of Duzce, Duzce, Turkey.
authors.forename: Canan Aldirmaz
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Agartan
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Whitbeck
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chichester
authors.forename: Barry A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Kogan
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Levin
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D003556:Cystitis / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000473:pathology; D006984:Hypertrophy; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010812:Physical Stimulation; D011817:Rabbits; D012704:Serous Membrane / Q000473:pathology; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001748:Urinary Bladder Neck Obstruction / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*