title: [The effect of chronic exposure to lead and cadmium on lipid peroxidation in the rat brain].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the study was to evaluate the impact of exposure to lead and cadmium on concentrations of some lipids, lipid peroxidation, enzymatic and non-enzymatic efficiency of antioxidants in the rat brain as well as the effect of combined exposure to metals on the lipid parameters and the activity of antioxidative system. The authors also compared the results in order to detect interactions between these two heavy metals.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study used the model of chronic, sub-clinical intoxication of lead and/or cadmium in Buffalo rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tests involved the determination of lead and cadmium concentrations in the rat blood, superoxide dismutase activity, total cholesterol, lipid peroxides, and levels of vitamins C and E in tissue homogenates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Single and combined exposures to small doses of lead and cadmium in rats results in the changed parameters showing the stimulation of lipid peroxidation and antioxidative system along with interactions in their influence.
authors.affiliation: Z Kliniki Chor6b Wewnqtrznych, Zawodowych i Nadciśnienia Tetniczego, Akademii Medycznej we Wroclawiu. wiwd@esculap.pl
authors.forename: Beata
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kaczmarek-Wdowiak
authors.forename: Ryszard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Andrzejak
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Skoczyńska
authors.forename: Vladislaw
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mlynek
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007854:Lead / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011915:Rats, Inbred BUF; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D002104:Cadmium; D014810:Vitamin E; D007854:Lead; D002784:Cholesterol; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D001205:Ascorbic Acid