title: Under-use of emergency contraception for victims of sexual assault.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Approximately 700,000 women in the reproductive age group are victims of sexual assault in the United States per year. Between 1% and 5% of sexual assaults result in pregnancy, for a total of 32,000 pregnancies per year. Of these, 14,000 are aborted because of incest or rape.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the percent of emergency departments in the state of Pennsylvania offering routine counseling and provision of emergency contraception to victims of sexual assault. Secondary objectives were to compare provision practices for Catholic versus non-Catholic hospitals, and to compare these practices with other services, such as sexually transmitted disease prophylaxis and sexual assault counseling.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 15-item survey instrument was designed to determine the volume of sexual assault patients seen per year, routinely offered services, and emergency contraception protocols. Three telephone callers administered surveys, using a pre-designed script for each call.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 165 eligible hospitals, 125 (76%) replied. Less than half (42%) of all hospitals routinely offer emergency contraception counseling, and 16% of the hospitals did not offer any counseling regarding emergency contraception.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Provision of emergency contraception to victims of sexual assault is inconsistent and insufficient. It is important that sexual assault patients not be further victimized by a system that fails to meet their needs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, John H. Stroger Jr. Hospital of Cook County Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.
authors.forename: Ashlesha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Simons
authors.forename: Z Harry
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Piotrowski
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shulman
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Petraitis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002410:Catholicism; D003281:Contraceptives, Postcoital / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003376:Counseling / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016519:Hospitals, Religious / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D010414:Pennsylvania; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D011902:Rape / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D003281:Contraceptives, Postcoital