title: Evaluation of the pituitary-adrenal axis function following single intraarticular injection of methylprednisolone.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effects of a single session of intraarticular methylprednisolone (IA-MP) injections on the function of the pituitary-adrenal axis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five patients with rheumatic diseases were treated with a single IA-MP injection. The dose varied between 20 and 160 mg. The basal cortisol level and the response to 1 microg adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH) stimulation were determined before treatment, at 1 day, and at 1 week after IA-MP injections. Further tests were carried out for up to 6 weeks in patients with blunted cortisol response. Results were compared with those obtained in a group of 22 healthy subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Before treatment, all patients had normal basal and peak cortisol responses to ACTH (>396 nmoles/liter at 30 minutes). Reduced fasting cortisol levels (<147 nmoles/liter) were detected in 12 of 25 patients (48%) after 1 day, in 1 of 25 patients (4%) after 1 week, and in 1 of 25 patients (4%) 2 weeks after IA-MP injections. Blunted peak cortisol response (<396 nmoles/liter at 30 minutes) was observed in 1 of 25 patients (4%) after 1 day, in 3 of 25 patients (12%) after 1 week, and in 1 of 25 patients (4%) 2 weeks after IA-MP injections. Decreased fasting levels and peak cortisol responses to ACTH stimulation were more common in patients with inflammatory diseases and in those injected with 80-160 mg MP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Single-session IA-MP injection(s) are associated with systemic absorption of MP, causing impaired adrenocortical reserve. Recovery is expected in most patients after 1-2 weeks. Only a few patients exhibited suppression for up to 2 weeks. The magnitude of this suppression depends on the dose injected, and is more common in patients with inflammatory joint diseases. Caution is required if repeated large doses of IA-MP are considered in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Ha'Emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel. Mader_r@clalit.org.il <Mader_r@clalit.org.il>
authors.forename: Reuven
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mader
authors.forename: Idit
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lavi
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luboshitzky
mesh_terms: D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007270:Injections, Intra-Articular; D008297:Male; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D012216:Rheumatic Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone; D006854:Hydrocortisone; D008775:Methylprednisolone