title: Comparison of cardiovascular responses between lower body negative pressure and head-up tilt.
abstract: To investigate local blood-flow regulation during orthostatic maneuvers, 10 healthy subjects were exposed to -20 and -40 mmHg lower body negative pressure (LBNP; each for 3 min) and to 60 degrees head-up tilt (HUT; for 5 min). Measurements were made of blood flow in the brachial (BF(brachial)) and femoral arteries (BF(femoral)) (both by the ultrasound Doppler method), heart rate (HR), mean arterial pressure (MAP), cardiac stroke volume (SV; by echocardiography), and left ventricular end-diastolic volume (LVEDV; by echocardiography). Comparable central cardiovascular responses (changes in LVEDV, SV, and MAP) were seen during LBNP and HUT. During -20 mmHg LBNP, -40 mmHg LBNP, and HUT, the following results were observed: 1) BF(brachial) decreased by 51, 57, and 41%, and BF(femoral) decreased by 40, 53, and 62%, respectively, 2) vascular resistance increased in the upper limb by 110, 147, and 85%, and in the lower limb by 76, 153, and 250%, respectively. The increases in vascular resistance were not different between the upper and lower limbs during LBNP. However, during HUT, the increase in the lower limb was much greater than that in the upper limb. These results suggest that, during orthostatic stimulation, the vascular responses in the limbs due to the cardiopulmonary and arterial baroreflexes can be strongly modulated by local mechanisms (presumably induced by gravitational effects).
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health and Sport Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba City, Ibaraki 305-8574, Japan.
authors.forename: Asami
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kitano
authors.forename: J Kevin
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Shoemaker
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ichinose
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishiyasu
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology; D000328:Adult; D017704:Baroreflex / Q000502:physiology*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D004244:Dizziness / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006487:Hemostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008150:Lower Body Negative Pressure / Q000379:methods*; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D018667:Tilt-Table Test / Q000379:methods*; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000502:physiology; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*