title: Human leukocyte antigen and cytokine gene variants as predictors of recurrent Chlamydia trachomatis infection in high-risk adolescents.
abstract: Antigen presentation and immune activation are essential to the effective control of infectious diseases. In 485 North American adolescents at high risk for genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection, we found 2 human leukocyte antigen variants (DRB1*03-DQB1*04 and DQB1*06) to be associated with recurrent Chlamydia infection (adjusted relative odds [RO], >2.0; P<.01, for both variants). A G-C-C haplotype corresponding to variants at IL10 (encoding interleukin-10 [IL-10]) promoter positions -1082, -819, and -592 was underrepresented in individuals with recurrent infection (RO, 0.59; P=.046). These genetic associations were independent of nongenetic factors, including number of sex partners, race, sex, duration of follow-up, and human immunodeficiency virus type 1 seropositivity. Consistent with the observed IL10 association, cervical secretions in female adolescents without the IL10 G-C-C haplotype had elevated IL-10 concentrations after Chlamydia infection, which may reflect involvement of a Chlamydia-specific mechanism for genetically mediated, differential IL-10 expression in the genital tract.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabam 35294-0022, USA.
authors.forename: Chengbin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jianming
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: William M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Geisler
authors.forename: Peggy A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Crowley-Nowick
authors.forename: Craig M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Kaslow
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D012634:Bodily Secretions / Q000276:immunology; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005819:Genetic Markers; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012008:Recurrence
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006680:HLA Antigens; D016753:Interleukin-10