title: GnRH agonist (buserelin) or hCG for ovulation induction in GnRH antagonist IVF/ICSI cycles: a prospective randomized study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We aimed to determine the efficacy of ovarian hyperstimulation protocols employing a GnRH antagonist to prevent a premature LH rise allowing final oocyte maturation and ovulation to be induced by a single bolus of either a GnRH agonist or hCG.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 122 normogonadotrophic patients following a flexible antagonist protocol was stimulated with recombinant human FSH and prospectively randomized (sealed envelopes) to ovulation induction with a single bolus of either 0.5 mg buserelin s.c. (n = 55) or 10,000 IU of hCG (n = 67). A maximum of two embryos was transferred. Luteal support consisted of micronized progesterone vaginally, 90 mg a day, and estradiol, 4 mg a day per os.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ovulation was induced with GnRH agonist in 55 patients and hCG in 67 patients. Significantly more metaphase II (MII) oocytes were retrieved in the GnRH agonist group (P < 0.02). Significantly higher levels of LH and FSH (P < 0.001) and significantly lower levels of progesterone and estradiol (P < 0.001) were seen in the GnRH agonist group during the luteal phase. The implantation rate, 33/97 versus 3/89 (P < 0.001), clinical pregnancy rate, 36 versus 6% (P = 0.002), and rate of early pregnancy loss, 4% versus 79% (P = 0.005), were significantly in favour of hCG.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ovulation induction with a GnRH agonist resulted in significantly more MII oocytes. However, a significantly lower implantation rate and clinical pregnancy rate in addition to a significantly higher rate of early pregnancy loss was seen in the GnRH agonist group, most probably due to a luteal phase deficiency.
authors.affiliation: The Fertility Clinic, Viborg Hospital (Skive), Denmark. peter.humaidan@sygehuviborg.dk
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Humaidan
authors.forename: H Ejdrup
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Bredkjaer
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bungum
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bungum
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Grøndahl
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Westergaard
authors.forename: C Yding
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Andersen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002064:Buserelin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000819:agonists* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D004958:Estradiol; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D002064:Buserelin