title: [Injection technique of intra-articular hyaluronic acid for knee osteoarthritis and periarthritis of shoulder].
abstract: Osteoarthritis of the knee and periarthritis of shoulder are very common. Although conservative treatments have been advocated for periarthritis of shoulder and the early stages of osteoarthritis, few reliable options are available, consisting of lifestyle modification, physical therapy, nonsteroidal antiinflammatory medications and intraarticular steroid injections. These measures, however, are not always effective. Viscosupplementation is one of reliable options for treatments of symptomatic knee osteoarthritis and periarthritis of shoulder. This paper described how to perform intra-articular hyaluronic acid injections accurately, safely, and easily in the knee and shoulder joints.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Sakura Hospital, Toho University.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nozaki