title: Human papillomavirus type 18 E6 protein binds the cellular PDZ protein TIP-2/GIPC, which is involved in transforming growth factor beta signaling and triggers its degradation by the proteasome.
abstract: Several viral proteins expressed by DNA or RNA transforming viruses have the particular property of binding via their C-terminal end to various cellular proteins with PDZ domains. This study is focused on the PDZ protein TIP-2/GIPC, which was originally identified in two-hybrid screens performed with two different baits: the human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 Tax oncoprotein and the regulator of G signaling RGS-GAIP. Further studies have shown that TIP-2/GIPC is also able to associate with the cytoplasmic domains of various transmembrane proteins. In this report we show that TIP-2/GIPC interacts with the E6 protein of human papillomavirus type 18 (HPV-18). This event triggers polyubiquitination and proteasome-mediated degradation of the cellular protein. In agreement with this observation, silencing of E6 by RNA interference in HeLa cells causes an increase in the intracellular TIP-2/GIPC level. This PDZ protein has been previously found to be involved in transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta) signaling by favoring expression of the TGF-beta type III receptor at the cell membrane. In line with this activity of TIP-2/GIPC, we observed that depletion of this protein in HeLa cells hampers induction of the Id3 gene by TGF-beta treatment and also diminishes the antiproliferative effect of this cytokine. Conversely, silencing of E6 increases the expression of Id3 and blocks proliferation of HeLa cells. These results support the notion that HPV-18 E6 renders cells less sensitive to the cytostatic effect of TGF-beta by lowering the intracellular amount of TIP-2/GIPC.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biologie Moléculaire de la Cellule, CNRS UMR 5161, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Lyon, Lyon, France.
authors.forename: Arnaud
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Favre-Bonvin
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Reynaud
authors.forename: Carole
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kretz-Remy
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jalinot
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral / Q000378:metabolism*; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000378:metabolism*; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D015398:Signal Transduction; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C052603:E6 protein, Human papillomavirus type 18; C492009:GIPC1 protein, human; D009479:Neuropeptides; D009856:Oncogene Proteins, Viral; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D025801:Ubiquitin; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex