title: The role of tumor lysis in reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome.
abstract: We report on a child with B-cell lymphoma who developed hypertension and reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome (RPLS) after chemotherapy conducted during recovery from tumor lysis syndrome. After recovery from RPLS, the patient received further combination chemotherapy without recurrence of the neurological signs or symptoms suggestive of RPLS. Many etiological factors have been reported in the development of RPLS; however, little attention has been paid to tumor lysis syndrome as a contributory factor for RPLS. Tumor lysis syndrome can precipitate the development of RPLS in patients with hematological malignancies who are undergoing chemotherapy. Knowledge and awareness would help facilitate immediate management such as normalization of blood pressure and temporary cessation of chemotherapy, helping to avoid irreversible brain damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hokkaido University, Graduate School of Medicine, Kita-ku, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Emiko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kaito
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Terae
authors.forename: Ryoji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Kohsuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kudo
authors.forename: Khin Khin
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Tha
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyasaka
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000209:etiology; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects; D019575:Blindness, Cortical / Q000209:etiology; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology; D020343:Hypertensive Encephalopathy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D013577:Syndrome; D015275:Tumor Lysis Syndrome / Q000150:complications*