title: Surface modification and functionalization through the self-assembled monolayer and graft polymerization.
abstract: The modification of a surface at the molecular level with precise control of the building blocks generates an integrated molecular system. This field has progressed rapidly in recent years through the use of self-assembled monolayer (SAM) interfaces. Recent developments on surface-initiated chemical reactions, functionalization, and graft polymerization on SAM interfaces are emphasized in the present review. A number of surface modifications by grafting are reviewed. The grafting of polyaniline on a glass surface, previously modified with a silane self-assembled monolayer (SAM), is examined in detail for both planar and 3-D systems, such as fibers, nanoparticles, and even polymer patterned surfaces. We also discuss the graft polymerization of water-soluble polymers on the surface of silicon nanoparticles, which generate stable aqueous colloidal solutions and have numerous applications. Finally, we compare and review some surface-modification techniques on the surfaces of polymers, such as two-solvent entrapment, polymer blending, and chemical grafting, which improve their biocompatibility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, State University of New York at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY 14260, USA. feaeliru@acsu.buffalo.edu
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ruckenstein
authors.forename: Z F
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D049329:Nanostructures; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011108:Polymers; C023650:aniline; D012825:Silicon