title: Stereoselective taurine conjugation of (R)-benoxaprofen enantiomer in rats: in vivo and in vitro studies using rat hepatic mitochondria and microsomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Identify (R)-BOP-T in rat bile after administration of (R)-BOT over a 12 h period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each benoxaprofen (BOP) enantiomer was administered i.v. to bile duct-cannulated rats at a dose of 5 mg/kg. The optical isomers of BOP and its metabolites in plasma, urine, and bile were quantified using a chiral HPLC column. The amounts of BOP glucuronide (BOP-G), BOP taurine conjugate (BOP-T), and BOP enantiomers excreted into the bile over 12 h after administration of (R)-BOP were as follows: (R)-BOP-G and (S)-BOP-G, 2.1 +/- 0.5 and 6.2 +/- 1.4% of the dose; (R)-BOP-T and (S)-BOP-T, 5.6 +/- 1.8 and 0.7 +/- 0.3% of the dose; (R)-BOP and (S)-BOP, 0.7 +/- 0.1 and 1.7 +/- 0.2% of the dose, respectively, whereas after (S)-BOP administration, (S)-BOP-G and (S)-BOP were mainly excreted into the bile (14.3 +/- 1.8 and 3.0 +/- 0.4% of the dose, respectively). Only after (R)-BOP administration was the taurine conjugate of BOP found in the bile, and the configuration was R. BOP-T could not be found in the bile after (S)-BOP administration. To investigate the stereoselectivity of the conjugation enzymes responsible for BOP-T formation, in vitro studies were performed using rat hepatic organelles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When (R)-BOP was used as a substrate, rat hepatic mitochondrial and microsomal fractions exhibited stereoselective BOP-T formation activity, with microsomal activity approximately 3.0 times greater than that of the mitochondria. That of (S)-BOP was approximately 2.1. Mean (R)/(S) ratios of BOP enantiomer for BOP-T formation in the mitochondrial and microsomal incubations were approximately 1.7 and 2.4, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although in the in vivo studies, only (R)-BOP-T originated from (R)-BOP was found in the bile, the configuration of BOP-T formed by the incubations of (R)-BOP or (S)-BOP with rat hepatic mitochondria or microsomes was S for both.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Pharmaceutics Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutics, Meiji Pharmaceutical University, Tokyo 204-8588, Japan. k-mohri@my-pharm.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kiminori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mohri
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Leslie Z
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Benet
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D011422:Propionates / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013654:Taurine / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D011422:Propionates; C011677:benoxaprofen; D013654:Taurine