title: Immunopathological effect of the mycotoxins cyclopiazonic acid and T-2 toxin on broiler chicken.
abstract: Forty, newly hatched, unsexed broiler chicks were fed diets containing 10 ppm cyclopiazonic acid (CPA) and 1 ppm T-2 toxin (T2) either individually or in combination for 28 days to study the immunopathological effects. Lymphoid organs revealed lymphocytolysis and lymphoid depletion in all toxin fed birds. Thymic and splenic CD+4 and CD+8 lymphocytes decreased significantly (p<0.01) in toxin fed birds when compared to the control. Thymic CD+8 lymphocytes of T2 and CPA-T2 showed significant (p<0.01) decrease from that of CPA and control groups. Splenic CD+4 and CD+8 lymphocytes showed significant (p<0.01) decrease in CPA and CPA-T2 fed groups when compared to the control. The T2 group did not differ significantly from that of control. The stimulation index (SI) of splenocytes to concavalin A revealed significant (p<0.01) decrease in all toxin fed birds. Significant (p<0.01) decrease were observed for the haemagglutination inhibition (HI) titres to Newcastle disease virus vaccine F strain (NDV) of birds fed CPA, T2 and in combination. Significant (p<0.01) interaction was found for lymphocyte subsets, SI and HI titres to NDV. The study indicated the immunosuppressive effect of these toxins either alone or in combination in broiler chicks.
authors.affiliation: Toxicology Department, Jai Research Foundation, Valvada, 396 108, India.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kamalavenkatesh
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vairamuthu
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Balachandran
authors.forename: B Murali
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Manohar
authors.forename: G Dhinakar
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: raj
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002645:Chickens / Q000276:immunology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000662:veterinary; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D007211:Indoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D009522:Newcastle disease virus / Q000276:immunology; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D013154:Spleen / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D013605:T-2 Toxin / Q000633:toxicity*; D013950:Thymus Gland / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007211:Indoles; D013605:T-2 Toxin; C000543:cyclopiazonic acid