title: Functional role played by the glycosylphosphatidylinositol anchor glycan of CD48 in interleukin-18-induced interferon-gamma production.
abstract: Interleukin (IL)-18 induces T cells and natural killer cells to produce not only interferon-gamma but also other cytokines by binding to the IL-18 receptor (IL-18R) alpha and beta subunits. However, little is known about how IL-18, IL-18Ralpha, and IL-18Rbeta form a high-affinity complex on the cell surface and transduce the signal. We found that IL-18 and IL-18Ralpha bind to glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI) glycan via the third mannose 6-phosphate diester and the second beta-GlcNAc-deleted mannose 6-phosphate of GPI glycan, respectively. To determine which GPI-anchored glycoprotein is involved in the complex of IL-18 and IL-18Ralpha, IL-18Ralpha of IL-18-stimulated KG-1 cells was immunoprecipitated together with CD48 by anti-IL-18Ralpha antibody. More than 90% of CD48 was detected as beta-GlcNAc-deleted GPI-anchored glycoprotein, and soluble recombinant human CD48 without GPI glycan bound to IL-18Ralpha, indicating that CD48 is associated with IL-18Ralpha via both the peptide portion and the GPI glycan. To investigate whether the carbohydrate recognition of IL-18 is involved in physiological activities, KG-1 cells were digested with phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C before IL-18 stimulation. Phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C treatment inhibited the phosphorylation of tyrosine kinases and the following IL-18-dependent interferon-gamma production. These observations suggest that the complex formation of IL-18.IL-18Ralpha. CD48 via both the peptide portion and GPI glycan triggers the binding to IL-18Rbeta, and the IL-18.IL-18Ralpha.CD48.IL-18Rbeta complex induces cellular signaling.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Sasaki Institute, 2-2 Kanda-Surugadai, Chiyoda-ku, Tokyo 101-0062, Japan.
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ikehara
authors.forename: Katsuko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamashita
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D000071178:CD48 Antigen; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D017261:Glycosylphosphatidylinositols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D053727:Interleukin-18 Receptor alpha Subunit; D053728:Interleukin-18 Receptor beta Subunit; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D053724:Receptors, Interleukin-18; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D000071178:CD48 Antigen; C000604065:CD48 protein, human; D017261:Glycosylphosphatidylinositols; C508572:IL18R1 protein, human; C115629:IL18RAP protein, human; D020382:Interleukin-18; D053727:Interleukin-18 Receptor alpha Subunit; D053728:Interleukin-18 Receptor beta Subunit; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011134:Polysaccharides; D011506:Proteins; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D053724:Receptors, Interleukin-18; D007371:Interferon-gamma