title: Lipid disorders in antiretroviral-naive patients treated with lopinavir/ritonavir-based HAART: frequency, characterization and risk factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the frequency, characteristics and risk factors of lipid changes associated with lopinavir/ritonavir treatment in antiretroviral-naive patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective cohort of 107 antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected patients was followed for 12 months after starting lopinavir/ritonavir-based highly active antiretroviral therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 12 months, percentages of patients with hypercholesterolaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia were 17.4% and 40%, respectively. Mean increases in total cholesterol and triglycerides were 40.7 and 73.3 mg/dL. There was a significant increase in both low-density and high-density (HDL) cholesterol, and no increase in the total cholesterol/HDL ratio (from 4.16 at baseline to 4.49 after 12 months). Baseline cholesterol > 200 mg/dL and triglycerides > 150 mg/dL were independent risk factors for dyslipidaemia, while hepatitis C coinfection appeared to be protective.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with elevated lipid values at baseline have the greatest risk of developing hypercholesterolaemia and hypertriglyceridaemia after starting lopinavir/ritonavir. Antiretroviral-naive patients coinfected with hepatitis C have a low risk of developing hyperlipidaemia after starting lopinavir/ritonavir.
authors.affiliation: Internal Medicine Service, La Paz Hospital, Autónoma University School of Medicine, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Maria Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Montes
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pulido
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.forename: Emilia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Condes
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.forename: Concepción
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cepeda
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dronda
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Antela
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sanz
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Navas
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Miralles
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Berenguer
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.forename: Angeles
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zapata
authors.forename: Juan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: González-García
authors.forename: Jose Ma
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Peña
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Vázquez
authors.forename: Jose R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Arribas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000139:chemically induced*; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D061466:Lopinavir; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011744:Pyrimidinones / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012307:Risk Factors; D019438:Ritonavir / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D008055:Lipids; D011744:Pyrimidinones; D014280:Triglycerides; D061466:Lopinavir; D019438:Ritonavir