title: Influence of the endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene on conventional and ambulatory blood pressure: sib-pair analysis and haplotype study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nitric oxide is involved in the regulation of vascular basal tone and blood pressure. Polymorphisms of NOS3, the gene that codes for endothelial nitric oxide synthase, have been associated with essential hypertension.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To look for linkage and association of three di-allelic polymorphisms (Glu298Asp, intron 4 VNTR and T-786C) and the intron 13 CA-repeat of NOS3 with blood pressure as a continuous trait.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genotyping was performed in 110 dizygotic white twin pairs from Flanders, Belgium. The influence of NOS3 polymorphisms on conventional and ambulatory blood pressure was assessed by sib-pair analysis and haplotype association analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genotype frequencies were similar to those previously reported in white populations. Sib-pair analysis did not show a significant influence of either polymorphism on blood pressure. Haplotype analysis disclosed a significant association between NOS3 haplotypes and daytime ambulatory diastolic (P = 0.02) and systolic (P < 0.0001) blood pressure, the latter remaining significant after multiple testing was taken into account (P = 0.032). The association between daytime ambulatory systolic blood pressure and NOS3 haplotypes was mainly attributable to four haplotypes accounting for 11.9% of all represented haplotypes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We show for the first time a highly significant association of ambulatory blood pressure with NOS3 haplotypes in well-characterized white individuals from Flanders. These results pave the way for studies looking for the influence of NOS3 on blood pressure in high-risk subsets such as diabetic or hypertensive patients. They indicate the importance of ambulatory blood pressure and haplotype analysis in revealing the moderate effect of polymorphisms on blood pressure.
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Unit, Université Catholique de Louvain, Brussels, Belgium. alexandre.persu@nefr.ucl.ac.be
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Persu
authors.forename: Wouter J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Vinck
authors.forename: Ouarda
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: El Khattabi
authors.forename: Rob G J H
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Janssen
authors.forename: Aimée D C
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Paulussen
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Devuyst
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vlietinck
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Fagard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000802:Angiotensin Amide / Q000235:genetics*; D001530:Belgium; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000235:genetics*; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D005260:Female; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D014429:Twins, Dizygotic
chemical_list: D000802:Angiotensin Amide; C496314:NOS3 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III