Levels of soluble cytokine factors in temporomandibular joint effusions seen on magnetic resonance images.
OBJECTIVE
To elucidate the correlations between joint effusion (JE) on T2-weighted magnetic resonance images (MRI) of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) and the levels of various cytokine receptors, cytokine antagonists, and protein in the synovial fluid of patients with temporomandibular joint disorders (TMD).


METHODS
Fifty-five TMJs of 55 patients with TMD were scanned by MRI, and synovial fluid samples were obtained on the same day. The grade of JE was evaluated on a scale of 0 to 3: Grades 0 and 1 indicated absence, and grades 2 and 3 indicated the presence of JE. Correlations were evaluated between JE and the concentrations of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptors I and II (sTNFR-I and sTNFR-II, respectively), IL-6 soluble receptor (IL-6sR), IL-1 soluble receptor type II, and IL-1 receptor antagonist and protein in the synovial fluid of patients with TMD.


RESULTS
The concentrations of sTNFR-I and protein in the group with JE (18 joints) were significantly higher than in the group without JE (37 joints). In addition, there were significant positive correlations between the grade of JE and the levels of sTNFR-I, sTNFR-II, and protein.


CONCLUSIONS
sTNFRs and protein may play important roles in the pathogenesis of TMD. These mediators seem to influence the expression of JE, which may reflect synovial inflammation of the TMJ.
Kaneyama
Keiseki
K
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Kanazawa Medical University, Japan. k-k@kanazawa-med.ac.jp
Segami
Natsuki
N
Sun
Wei
W
Sato
Jun
J
Fujimura
Kazuma
K
D000328:Adult; D018771:Arthralgia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D000068800:Etanercept; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D019152:Paracentesis; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin / Q000032:analysis / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism*; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6 / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D011506:Proteins; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; D019947:Receptors, Interleukin-6; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D000068800:Etanercept