title: Antitumor effects of zerumbone from Zingiber zerumbet in P-388D1 cells in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: The fresh rhizome of Zingiber zerumbet (L.) Roscoe ex Smith (Zingiberaceae) is widely used as a folk medicine in Taiwan. In this study, the fresh rhizome was extracted with 95 % EtOH and partitioned with diethyl ether. The antitumor effects of the diethyl ether extract were measured in cultured P-388D (1) cells and in an animal model of P-388D (1)-bearing CDF (1) mice. The results indicated that the extract could induce DNA fragmentation in P-388D (1) cells in vitro, and significantly prolong the life of P-388D (1)-bearing CDF (1) mice (ILS% = 127.8) at a dosage of 5 mg/kg body weight. After column chromatography combined with an MTT cytotoxicity bioassay, zerumbone, a cyclic sesquiterpene was isolated from the diethyl ether extract. Zerumbone inhibited the growth of P-388D (1) cells, induced DNA fragmentation in culture, and significantly prolonged the life of P-388D (1)-bearing CDF (1) mice (ILS% = 120.5) at a dosage of 2 mg/kg. Furthermore, zerumbone inhibited the growth of a human leukemia cell line, HL-60 cells, in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, with IC (50) values of 22.29, 9.12, and 2.27 microg/mL for 6, 12, and 18 h, respectively. The cell cycle of HL-60 cells was observed after treatment with zerumbone, which induced G (2)/M cell cycle arrest in HL-60 cells in a time- and concentration-dependent manner, and decreased the cyclin B1/cdk 1 protein level. These results suggest that zerumbone is an active principal of Z. zerumbet and is potentially a lead compound for the development of anticancer drugs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan, R.O.C.
authors.forename: Guan-Cheng
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Ting-Yi
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Chien
authors.forename: Lih-Geeng
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ching-Chiung
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D018922:HL-60 Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D051379:Mice; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D027343:Rhizome; D030521:Zingiberaceae
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D010936:Plant Extracts