title: Sodium iodide symporter expression and radioiodine distribution in extrathyroidal tissues.
abstract: The functional role of the sodium iodide symporter (NIS) in extrathyroidal tissues was investigated by examining its mRNA and protein expression, together with the evidence of radioiodine (131)I uptake in 302 patients who underwent (131)I total body scanning, following the administration of high doses of (131)I for a papillary or follicular thyroid carcinoma. By using a real-time kinetic quantitative RT-PCR and immunohistochemistry, the expression of NIS protein was detected mainly in secretory tissues. In parallel, 1311 uptake was evidenced in the majority of patients in the salivary glands (in 39%) and stomach (in 78%), but was found in breast in only 4 young female patients. These data demonstrate a strong correlation between the organ radioactivity distribution, as observed in vivo, and NIS protein expression. Interestingly, (131)I is rarely concentrated by mammary glands, even when large doses are administered. Moreover, a (131)I transfer in secretion fluids may represent a potential source of contamination responsible for false positive images and diagnostic pitfalls.
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology Unit, Ospedale di Tinchi, Matera, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bruno
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Giannasio
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ronga
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Baudin
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Travagli
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Filetti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schlumberger
mesh_terms: D018263:Adenocarcinoma, Follicular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007455:Iodine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D027981:Symporters / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters
chemical_list: D007455:Iodine; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D027981:Symporters; D000099209:Sodium-Iodide Symporters