title: Comparison of prednisolone 1%, rimexolone 1% and ketorolac tromethamine 0.5% after cataract extraction: a prospective, randomized, double-masked study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy, safety and patient comfort of two topical steroids (prednisolone 1% and rimexolone 1%) and a topical non-steroidal anti-inflammatory agent (ketorolac tromethamine 0.5%) after extracapsular cataract extraction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five patients were enrolled in this prospective, randomized, double-blind study. They were assigned to receive topical treatment with either prednisolone, rimexolone or ketorolac tromethamine ophthalmic solution after phacoemulsification for cataract extraction. On postoperative days 1, 3, 5, 14 and 28 best-corrected visual acuity, intraocular pressure (IOP), slit-lamp examination of the anterior segment and report of the patients' comfort were assessed and compared by Friedman rank time analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regarding the primary outcome efficacy of inflammation control the assessment of cells did not differ (p=0.165), while flare in the anterior chamber was lowest (p=0.008) in the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) group. Surface inflammation was lowest with prednisolone (p=0.002). Regarding safety, visual acuity did not differ among the groups. In the prednisolone group one patient, however, responded to steroid treatment with elevated IOP and had to be excluded. In the remaining patients IOP was even lower in the two steroidal treatment groups than with ketorolac (p=0.030). One patient receiving ketorolac had to be excluded because a corneal erosion developed. Patient comfort was highest with prednisolone (p=0.041).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ketorolac tromethamine provides good control of intraocular inflammation after cataract extraction without the risk of a steroidal IOP increase, which was also not observed under rimexolone therapy. The best surface inflammation control and patient comfort was observed with prednisolone, which remains a good choice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Ludwig Maximilians University, Mathildenstrasse 8, 80336 Munich, Germany. Christoph.Hirneiss@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hirneiss
authors.forename: Aljoscha S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Neubauer
authors.forename: Anselm
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kampik
authors.forename: Carl-Ludwig
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Schönfeld
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000368:Aged; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D020911:Ketorolac Tromethamine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular; D008297:Male; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D011182:Postoperative Care; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D011245:Pregnadienes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014606:Uveitis, Anterior / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011245:Pregnadienes; D020911:Ketorolac Tromethamine; C009935:prednisolone acetate; D011239:Prednisolone; C013769:rimexolone