title: Graded partial tenotomy of vertical rectus muscles for treatment of hypertropia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of graded (adjustable intraoperatively) partial vertical rectus muscle tenotomy at the insertion in correcting small degrees of hypertropia.
  
  
  METHODS
  All patients with best-corrected visual acuity of better than 6/30 in both eyes who over a 30-month period underwent partial tenotomy of vertical rectus muscle(s) only (no concurrent oblique muscles) were included. Improvement was evaluated 6 weeks postoperatively as change in alignment in prism diopters (PD) in primary gaze and in the field of action of the affected rectus muscle(s). Binocular function was evaluated by Titmus stereoacuity and the Worth 4-light tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 24 patients who met criteria for inclusion had diplopia preoperatively versus seven patients (29%) postoperatively (P < .005, Student's paired t test). Prisms were used by six preoperatively versus two postoperatively (P < .05, Student's paired t test). The average vertical deviation in primary gaze decreased from 8 PD to 2 PD (P < .005, Student's paired t test). In the field of action of the treated rectus muscle, hypertropia decreased from an average of 8 PD to 3 PD (P < .005, Student's paired t test). For the preoperative and the postoperative assessments available, stereoacuity improved after 10 (56%) of the 18 procedures and Worth 4-light testing showed improvement or maintenance of fusion after 15 (79%) of 19 procedures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Graded vertical rectus partial tenotomy can effectively reduce small degrees of hypertropia and associated diplopia, improve binocular function, and reduce or eliminate the need for prism correction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, The Catholic University of Korea, and Our Lady of Mercy Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Bin
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Yim
authors.forename: Albert W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Biglan
authors.forename: Tara H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Cronin
mesh_terms: D003867:Depth Perception; D004172:Diplopia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D004867:Equipment Design; D005139:Eyeglasses; D006801:Humans; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000601:surgery*; D013285:Strabismus / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D013710:Tendons / Q000601:surgery*; D014792:Visual Acuity