title: The gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor pi subunit is overexpressed in pancreatic adenocarcinomas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The identification of genes involved in tumorigenesis is essential for the development of new treatment strategies or diagnostic approaches for pancreatic cancer.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify genes overexpressed in pancreatic cancer we employed differential display, a PCR-based method of differential expression cloning. Using this method, we identified a PCR product that was consistently overexpressed in pancreatic tumors relative to normal pancreatic tissues.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five pancreatic ductal adenocarcinomas and 5 bulk pancreatic ducts isolated from independent pancreatic specimens without malignancies were analyzed by differential display. A panel of 12 pancreatic tumors at various stages of differentiation and a set of 6 pancreatic ducts without malignancies were then used to verify expression by RT-PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sequence analysis of a cDNA detected by differential display revealed that it was a portion of the recently cloned gamma-aminobutyric acid A receptor pi subunit. RT-PCR analysis of a panel of RNAs prepared from pancreatic ducts isolated from organs without malignancies and pancreatic tumors confirmed that that the gamma-butyric acid A receptor pi subunit was significantly overexpressed in pancreatic carcinomas. Analysis of 12 pancreatic tumors revealed that the pi subunit was overexpressed in 10 of the tumors (83%). The expression varied among the tumors, however, overexpression was observed in tumors of each histopathological grade. In contrast, none of the normal pancreatic tissues analyzed displayed high levels of expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The expression of the GABAA receptor pi subunit may thus play an important role in the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205-7199, USA.
authors.forename: Sarah K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Randy S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Haun
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D010183:Pancreatic Ducts / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D021122:Protein Subunits; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A