title: [Effect of cadmium on estrogen receptor from rat uterus in vitro.].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of cadmium (Cd) on estrogen receptor and to assess its endocrine disrupting action.
  
  
  METHODS
  The estrogen receptor rich supernatant was prepared from the ovariectomized Sprague-Dawley rats. The effects of cadmium on estrogen binding were performed using a sing-dose ligand-binding assay. Extract from uterus were treated with various concentrations of cadmium (0, 10(-3), 10(-5) or 10(-7) mol/L) for various pre-incubation time (0, 30, 60, 90 min) by means of orthogonal experimental design with orthogonal layout of L16(4(5)) (the experiment was repeated for 5 times). In addition to the radioinert competitor, each assay included a zero tube and a DES standard curve for quality control purpose. Data for cadmium and the DES standard curve were plotted as percent [3H]-E2 bound versus log (molar concentration), and the IC50 for cadmium was determined. The RBA for cadmium was calculated by dividing the IC50 of DES in terms of the IC50 of cadmium.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cadmium could not block the binding of estradiol to the receptor because hormone binding did not change with increasing cadmium concentration or increasing preincubation time. The results showed that the binding of [3H]-estradiol to uterine cytosols was not significant (P > 0.05). The Bmax (its unit is pmol/mg protein) of various concentrations of cadmium (0, 10(-3), 10(-5) or 10(-7) mol/L) for pre-incubating 0 min is 203.15 +/- 75.16, 203.41 +/- 22.78, 220.82 +/- 45.35, 209.10 +/- 49.66 respectively; The Bmax of them for pre-incubating 30 min is 215.67 +/- 92.97, 139.79 +/- 53.78, 205.27 +/- 23.60, 172.63 +/- 55.09 respectively. The Bmax of them for pre-incubating 60 min is 197.11 +/- 50.68, 203.24 +/- 66.33, 183.92 +/- 31.89, 183.33 +/- 32.70, respectively. The Bmax of them for pre-incubating 90 min is 229.69 +/- 76.88, 175.70 +/- 70.28, 164.26 +/- 24.46, 150.78 +/- 65.97 respectively. Mean IC50 for cadmium is 10(-4) - 10(-3) M. If the affinities of DES binding to estrogen receptors was taken to be 100%, the relative binding affinities of cadmium was 10(-6) - 10(-7). The results indicated that cadmium had only a very poor affinity with estrogen receptor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In vitro assay cadmium did not have distinct disrupting effect on binding of estradiol to estrogen receptors from rat uterine.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350004, China.
authors.forename: Huang-yuan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wen-chang
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Nian
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Si-ying
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Ya-qing
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D014599:Uterus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D002104:Cadmium