title: Establishment of embryogenic cell suspension cultures of garlic (Allium sativum L.), plant regeneration and biochemical analyses.
abstract: Embryogenic cell suspension cultures of garlic (Allium sativum L.) were initiated in liquid medium from friable embryogenic tissue. The optimal parameters for culture maintenance were: (1) an initial cell density of 1-4% (v/v); (2) medium renewal every 14 days and subculturing every 28 days; (3) a low 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid concentration (0.1-0.3 mg/l). Cultures regenerated during a 14-month period. The cell suspension cultures differentiated embryos following transfer to a semi-solid embryo induction medium, with histological studies confirming and characterising the embryogenic nature of the process. Forty percent of these embryos converted into plantlets, which produced micro bulbs in vitro. The composition of the sulphur compounds of the micro bulbs obtained from cell suspension embryo-derived plantlets differed slightly from those produced by in vitro shoot proliferation-derived plantlets, but after two cycles of multiplication in the field these differences had disappeared.
authors.affiliation: CIRAD-FLHOR, Boulevard de la Lironde, 34398, Montpellier Cedex 5, France. lfereol@netra.avrdc.org.tw
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fereol
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chovelon
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Causse
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Triaire
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Arnault
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Auger
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kahane
mesh_terms: D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000502:physiology*; D005737:Garlic / Q000196:embryology* / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D018520:Plant Shoots / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D013457:Sulfur Compounds / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D013457:Sulfur Compounds; D015084:2,4-Dichlorophenoxyacetic Acid