title: Development of a novel computer-aided diagnosis system for automatic discrimination of malignant from benign solitary pulmonary nodules on thin-section dynamic computed tomography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  As an application of the computer-aided diagnosis of solitary pulmonary nodules (SPNs), 3-dimensional contrast-enhanced (CE) dynamic helical computed tomography (HCT) was performed to evaluate temporal changes in the internal structure of nodules to differentiate between benign nodules (BNs) and malignant nodules (MNs).
  
  
  METHODS
  There were 62 SPNs (35 MNs and 27 BNs) included in this study. Scanning (2-mm collimation) was performed before and 2 and 4 minutes after CE dynamic HCT. The CT data were sent to a computer, and the pixels inside the nodule were characterized in terms of 3 parameters (attenuation, shape index, and curvedness value).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on the CT data at 4 (MN: 1.81-27.1, BN: -42.8 to -3.29) minutes after CE-dynamic HCT, a score of 0 or higher can be assumed to indicate an MN.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Three-dimensional computer-aided diagnosis of the internal structure of SPNs using CE dynamic HCT was found to be effective for differentiating between BNs and MNs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Diseases, Tochigi Cancer Center, Tochigi, Japan. kmori@tcc.pref.tochigi.jp
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Niki
authors.forename: Teturo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Yukari
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamiyama
authors.forename: Teturo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kodama
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawada
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Moriyama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003196:Computer Graphics; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007479:Iopamidol; D016014:Linear Models; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008432:Mathematical Computing; D008875:Middle Aged; D012372:ROC Curve; D012984:Software; D003074:Solitary Pulmonary Nodule / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D007479:Iopamidol