Traditional and nontraditional cardiovascular risk factors in chronic kidney disease.
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is public health problem, with as many as 20 million individuals affected in the United States. Patients with CKD should be considered in the highest-risk group for development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), and aggressive treatment of traditional and nontraditional risk factors should be instituted. Additional randomized controlled trials are urgently needed to evaluate potential treatments in this population. This article focuses attention on the major modifiable cardiovascular risk factors in CKD.
Vlagopoulos
Panagiotis T
PT
Division of Nephrology, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Box 391, 750 Washington Street, Boston, MA 02111, USA.
Sarnak
Mark J
MJ
D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications*; D012307:Risk Factors