title: Evidence for altered adipocyte function in polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adipocytokines are produced by adipose tissue and have been thought to be related to insulin resistance and other health consequences. We measured leptin, adiponectin, and resistin simultaneously in women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) and age- and weight-matched controls. Our hypothesis was that these simultaneous measurements would help determine whether adipocytokine secretion is abnormal in PCOS independent of body mass and whether these levels are related to insulin resistance as well as other hormonal changes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-two women with PCOS and 45 normal ovulatory women who were age- and weight-matched were studied. Blood was obtained for adipocytokines (leptin, adiponectin, and resistin) as well as hormonal parameters and markers of insulin resistance as assessed by the quantitative insulin-sensitivity check index. Body mass index (BMI) was stratified into obese, overweight, and normal subgroups for comparisons between PCOS and controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adiponectin was lower (P < 0.05) and resistin was higher (P < 0.05) while leptin was similar to matched controls. Breakdown of the groups into subgroups showed a strong body mass relationship for leptin with no changes in resistin although adiponectin was lower in PCOS, even controlling for BMI. In controls, leptin and adiponectin and leptin and resistin correlated (P < 0.05) but not in PCOS. In controls, all adipocytokines correlated with markers of insulin resistance but not in PCOS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When matched for BMI status, decreased adiponectin in PCOS represent the most marked change. This alteration may be the result of altered adipose tissue distribution and function in PCOS but no correlation with insulin resistance was found.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carmina
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Orio
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Palomba
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cascella
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Longo
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Colao
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lombardi
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Lobo
mesh_terms: D017667:Adipocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D052242:Adiponectin; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006729:Hormones, Ectopic / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D052243:Resistin
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D006729:Hormones, Ectopic; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D020738:Leptin; C499624:RETN protein, human; D052243:Resistin