title: The emerging role of the T cell-specific adaptor (TSAd) protein as an autoimmune disease-regulator in mouse and man.
abstract: T cell-specific adapter protein is a relatively recently described signaling adapter molecule expressed predominantly in T cells and NK cells. Studies in mouse and man have indicated that reduced expression of TSAd in T cells may predispose toward the development of autoimmune disease. In lupus-prone TSAd-deficient mice the development of autoimmunity is associated with an impaired T cell death response to antigens in vivo. Probably, this impaired death response is consequent to reduced T cell antigen receptor (TCR)-induced synthesis of the interleukin-2 (IL-2) cytokine in TSAd-deficient T cells. TSAd appears to contribute to IL-2 synthesis at multiple different levels acting in both the nucleus and cytoplasm of T cells. Recent advances relating to the role of TSAd in T cell signal transduction and as a regulator of autoimmune responses are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Michigan Medical School, 6606 Medical Science Building II, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0620, USA.
authors.forename: Francesc
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marti
authors.forename: Philip E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Lapinski
authors.forename: Philip D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: King
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D016923:Cell Death; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; C405691:SH2D2A protein, human; C402726:Sh2d2a protein, mouse