title: [Cytogenetic aberrations of esthesioneuroblastoma studied by comparative genomic hybridization].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the cytogenetic alterations of esthesioneuroblastoma (ENB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Comparative genomic hybridization (CGH) was performed on genomic DNA extracted from 12 patients with primary ENB, 4 patients with tumor recurrence and 7 with metastasis. Equal amounts of biotin-labeled tumor DNA and digoxigenin-labeled normal reference DNA were hybridized to normal meta phase chromosomes. Tumor DNA was visualized by fluorescein (FITC) and normal DNA by rhodamin (TRITC ) and detected by fluorescence microscopy. The signal intensities of the different fluorochromes were quantitated as gray levels along the single chromosomes. The over-and under-represented DNA segments were determined by computation of FITC/TRITC ratio images and average ratio profiles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Consensus deletion regions were most frequently observed on chromosomes 1p, 2q, 3p/q, 4p/q, 5p/q, 6q, 8p/q, 9p, 10p/q, 11p, 12q, 13q, 18q, and 21q. DNA over-representations were identified on chromosomes 1p, 7q, 9q, 11q, 14q, 16p/q, 17p/q, 19p/q, 20p/q and 22p/q. The genetic pattern of ENB was distinct from that of other small round-cell tumor types and neuroblastomas. The deletion on chromosome band 1p21-p31 was associated with bad prognosis. In particular, all patients died whose tumors had combined 1p21-p31 deletion, with tumors in clinical stage C or D, and of low differentiation (grade III or IV). Clonality analysis revealed a high concordance between pairs of primaries and metastases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CGH analysis identifies characteristic cytogenetic aberrations of esthesioneuroblastoma associated with its malignant phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science & Technology, Wuhan 430030, China. E-mail: drxjyou@hotmail.com.
authors.forename: Xue-Jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Iver
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: Hartmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Arps
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Draf
authors.forename: Ulrike
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bockmühl
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019046:Bone Marrow Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000556:secondary; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002872:Chromosome Deletion; D002878:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 1; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D018304:Esthesioneuroblastoma, Olfactory / Q000235:genetics* / Q000556:secondary; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009296:Nasal Cavity; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm