title: [Lid retraction etiology].
abstract: The upper lid position is abnormal if it exposes a white band of sclera between the lid margin and the upper corneal limbus while the retracted lower lid lies below the inferior corneal margin and is tethered to the orbital margin. Lid retraction is a sign of many congenital and acquired diseases and is characterised by multifactorial etiology. The aim of this study was to discuss the etiology of lid retraction divided into four categories: neurogenic, myogenic, mechanical and miscellaneous, what suggests a successful differential diagnostic and therapeutic approach.
authors.affiliation: Klinika za ocne bolesti, Klinicki bolnicki centar Zagreb, Zagreb, Hrvatska.
authors.forename: Smiljka
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Popović Suić
authors.forename: Branimir
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cerovski
authors.forename: Miljenka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tojagić
mesh_terms: D005141:Eyelid Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans