title: Antimalarial effects of macrolactones related to FK520 (ascomycin) are independent of the immunosuppressive properties of the compounds.
abstract: The polyketide macrolactone FK506 inhibits the growth of Plasmodium falciparum in culture and the enzymatic (peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase [PPIase]) and chaperone activities of a recently identified P. falciparum FK506-binding protein (PfFKBP35). However, the potent immunosuppressive properties of FK506 exclude it from consideration as an antimalarial drug. We describe the antimalarial actions of the related compound FK520 and a number of its nonimmunosuppressive analogues. All compounds were shown to be strong inhibitors of parasite growth, regardless of their immunosuppressive potency. Although some of the compounds inhibited the PPIase activity of recombinant PfFKBP35, they all inhibited the chaperone activity of this bifunctional protein. These findings suggest that the antimalarial effects of this class of drug may be mediated via inhibition of the chaperone activity rather than via the enzymatic activity of PfFKBP35. Elucidating the precise intracellular functions of PfFKBP35 may facilitate the design of more potent inhibitors that retain their specificity for parasite target protein.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, Moyne Institute of Preventive Medicine, Trinity College, Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Monaghan
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fardis
authors.forename: W Peter
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Revill
authors.forename: Angus
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002950:Citrate (si)-Synthase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007783:Lactones / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000378:metabolism; D015394:Molecular Structure; D019696:Peptidylprolyl Isomerase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry*; D022021:Tacrolimus Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D013884:Thiosulfate Sulfurtransferase / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D007783:Lactones; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; C058028:immunomycin; D002950:Citrate (si)-Synthase; D013884:Thiosulfate Sulfurtransferase; D022021:Tacrolimus Binding Proteins; D019696:Peptidylprolyl Isomerase; D016559:Tacrolimus