title: Viagra-associated serous macular detachment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the OCT findings in two cases of idiopathic serous macular detachments associated with Sildenafil (Viagra) use.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two patients were identified with idiopathic serous macular detachments associated with Viagra use. Each patient underwent rigorous historical questioning to rule out known causes of serous macular detachments and to determine contributing factors. A comprehensive ocular examination was performed including dilated biomicroscopic examination of the macula and indirect ophthalmoscopic evaluation of the retinal periphery. Additional evaluation included color fundus photography with FA and ICG, OCT analysis of the macula and B-scan ultrasonography. Systemic workup included MRI of the brain and orbits, CT of the brain, orbits, chest and abdomen, blood chemistries and electrophoresis, lumbar puncture with CSF analysis and chest radiographs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both patients demonstrated idiopathic serous macular detachment associated with peri-macular vitelliform deposits. Although notable peripapillary atrophy and RPE mottling were present, there was no evidence of heme, exudate, or fibrosis to suggest a CNVM. FA showed no focal areas of leakage. Early and late frames of the ICG demonstrated engorged choroidal vessels without frank leakage. Extensive medical evaluation failed to reveal a systemic etiology. OCT findings demonstrated large serous macular detachments that corresponded to the use or discontinuation of Viagra. Discontinuation of Viagra coincided with complete resolution of the serous macular detachment in one patient and improvement of the serous macular detachment in the other. When one patient resumed Viagra use, he experienced a recurrent serous macular detachment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We report the OCT findings of two cases of idiopathic serous macular detachment associated with use of the potent vasodilator Sildenafil (Viagra).
authors.affiliation: Jules Stein Eye Institute, UCLA, 100 Stein Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. quiram@jsei.ucla.edu
authors.forename: Polly
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Quiram
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dumars
authors.forename: Bobbie
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Parwar
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sarraf
mesh_terms: D015106:3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000368:Aged; D002829:Choroid / Q000098:blood supply; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D010879:Piperazines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011687:Purines; D012008:Recurrence; D012163:Retinal Detachment / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013450:Sulfones; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D010879:Piperazines; D011687:Purines; D013450:Sulfones; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D015106:3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases; D007208:Indocyanine Green