title: The role of the prefrontal cortex in the maintenance of verbal working memory: an event-related FMRI analysis.
abstract: Neuroimaging studies have been inconclusive in characterizing the role of the prefrontal cortex (PFC) for maintaining increasingly larger amounts of information in working memory (WM). To address this question, the authors collected event-related functional MRI data while participants performed an item-recognition task in which the number of to-be-remembered letters was parametrically modulated. During maintenance of information in WM, the dorsolateral and the ventrolateral PFC exhibited linearly increasing activation in response to increasing WM load. Prefrontal regions could not be distinguished from one another on the basis of load sensitivity, but the dorsolateral PFC had stronger functional connectivity with the parietal and motor cortex than the ventrolateral PFC. These results suggest an increasingly important role for the PFC in actively maintaining information as the amount of that information increases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA. kumar.narayanan@yale.edu
authors.forename: Nandakumar S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Narayanan
authors.forename: Vivek
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Prabhakaran
authors.forename: Silvia A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Bunge
authors.forename: Kalina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Christoff
authors.forename: Eric M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Fine
authors.forename: John D E
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Gabrieli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D014706:Verbal Learning / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen