Rural perspectives on HIV/AIDS prevention: a comparative study of Thailand and Ghana.
The paper compares rural perspectives in Thailand and Ghana on the level of condom acceptance in sexual relations, willingness to test oneself for HIV before and in marriage and sources of information on HIV/AIDS. We also compared the policy approaches to combating HIV/AIDS in both countries. The results indicates that in the villages studied in Thailand, all single men and the majority of the single women were in favour of using condoms in sexual relations. This group also showed a positive attitude to HIV/AIDS test before and in marriage. However, married men in rural Thailand disapproved of the use of condoms with their wives but married women in the sample population were open to the possibility of using condoms. Both married men and women were strongly against HIV/AIDS test in marriage. In contrast to Thailand, most single men in the communities studied in Ghana showed a disapproval to the use of condoms in sexual relations. However, they condoned HIV test before marriage. Married men and women in rural Ghana were against the use of condoms in sexual relations as well as HIV/AIDS test in marriage. In order to mitigate mother-to-child transmission, the Thais applied anti-retroviral drug care for HIV positive pregnant women during pregnancy and after delivery. In Ghana on the other hand, pregnant women were subject to HIV test and counselling. The mode of information acquisition on HIV/AIDS in both countries were through the media, campaigns and village volunteers. Finally, we observed that fighting poverty is a sine qua non for the success of any HIV/AIDS eradication programme.
Aheto
Denis Worlanyo
DW
Eco-Ethics International Union-Ghana-Rural Entrepreneur Development Foundation (EEIU-Ghana-REDEF), P.O. Box 343, Nsawam, Ghana. eeiu-ghana@excite.com
Gbesemete
Kwame Prosper
KP
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017280:Condoms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D005869:Ghana / Q000453:epidemiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D011203:Poverty; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy; D019035:Rural Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration; D012424:Rural Population; D012747:Sexual Partners / Q000145:classification / Q000523:psychology*; D012847:Single Person / Q000523:psychology; D018454:Spouses / Q000523:psychology; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology