title: Ganirelix acetate use in normal- and poor-prognosis patients and the impact of estradiol patterns.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate cycle outcomes in patients with either poor or normal prognosis undergoing IVF treatment with a GnRH antagonist (ganirelix acetate) for LH suppression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nonrandomized, noncontrolled, retrospective review.
  
  
  METHODS
  204 patients, aged 23-41 years, undergoing IVF.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients completed 225 consecutive cycles of IVF with a GnRH antagonist (Antagon; Organon, Roseland, NJ) for LH surge prevention. Sixty cycles were conducted in patients with a known poor prognosis, whereas 165 were conducted in patients with a normal IVF prognosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Pregnancy rate (PR), for the series as a whole and according to prognosis, and serum E2 patterns.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PR per initiated cycle for the series as a whole was 33.3%. The pregnancy rate was 42.1% per ET for the entire series, with a cycle cancellation rate of 21%. When evaluated by prognosis, the poor-prognosis patients had PRs of 8.3% per attempt and 15% per transfer, whereas the normal-prognosis patients had PRs of 40% per attempt and 45% per transfer. Pregnancy rate did not vary by E2 pattern (drop, plateau, or rise). Oral contraceptive pretreatment was noted to be associated with high cancellation rates in the group of known poor responders, whereas for the group as a whole, cycle outcome was unaffected by the use of oral contraceptives.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of GnRH antagonists in patients with an a priori poor IVF prognosis results in predictably poor outcomes. Patients without factors predicting poor outcome have acceptable PRs. The pattern of E2 rise immediately after initiation of GnRH antagonists does not predict cycle outcome. Oral contraceptives can be successfully used to schedule antagonist-based IVF cycles but might increase the risk of cycle cancellation in some patient populations.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Biology Associates, Atlanta, Georgia 30342, USA. Drshap26@aol.com
authors.forename: Daniel B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Shapiro
authors.forename: Dorothy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mitchell-Leef
authors.forename: Melinda
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: Zsolt Peter
authors.initials: ZP
authors.lastname: Nagy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004958:Estradiol / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006727:Hormone Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D011247:Pregnancy; D018873:Pregnancy Rate; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D003276:Contraceptives, Oral; D006727:Hormone Antagonists; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D004958:Estradiol; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; C061018:ganirelix