title: Antiangiogenic treatment with the three thrombospondin-1 type 1 repeats recombinant protein in an orthotopic human pancreatic cancer model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study investigates the antiangiogenesis and antitumor efficacy of a recombinant protein composed of the three type 1 repeats (3TSR) of thrombospondin-1 in an orthotopic human pancreatic cancer model and provides useful preclinical data for pancreatic cancer treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human pancreatic cancer cells (AsPC-1) were injected into the pancreas of severe combined immunodeficient mice. The animals were treated with 3TSR (3 mg per kg per day) or PBS for 3 weeks. Subsequently, the effects of 3TSR on tumor growth, microvessel density, cancer cell proliferation, apoptosis, and endothelial cell apoptosis were analyzed. The in vitro effects of 3TSR on human pancreatic cancer cells were also studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  3TSR treatment significantly reduced angiogenesis and tumor growth of orthotopic pancreatic cancer. 3TSR-treated mice had a 69% reduction in tumor volume (316.6 +/- 79.3 versus 1,012.2 +/- 364.5 mm(3); P = 0.0001), and a significant increase in tumor necrotic area. After 3TSR treatment, both the vessel number and average microvessel size were significantly decreased, and microvessel density was decreased from 8.0% to 3.7% (P < 0.0001). The apoptotic rate of tumoral endothelial cells in 3TSR-treated tumors increased to 14.7% comparing to 4.2% in control tumors (P < 0.0001). 3TSR showed no direct effects on pancreatic cancer cell proliferation or apoptosis either in vivo or in vitro.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  3TSR, a domain of a natural occurring angiogenesis inhibitor, showed potent therapeutic effect in pancreatic cancer by inhibiting tumor angiogenesis and may prove to be a promising agent for clinical pancreatic cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: Departments of Surgery and Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, 330 Brookline Avenue, Boston, MA 02215, USA.
authors.forename: Xuefeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Galardi
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Duquette
authors.forename: Marko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delic
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lawler
authors.forename: Sareh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Parangi
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000502:physiology*; D019700:Thrombospondin 1 / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019700:Thrombospondin 1