Glyceraldehyde-derived advanced glycation end-products preferentially induce VEGF expression and reduce GDNF expression in human astrocytes.
The blood-brain barrier (BBB) is a biological unit composed of capillary endothelial cells and astrocytes. Here we examined the effects of various types of advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) on astrocytes and BBB-forming endothelial cells. While no type of AGE we examined changed the permeability of endothelial sheets, glyceraldehyde-derived AGE induced VEGF expression most significantly in astrocytes. The expression of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), which reduces the vascular permeability, was decreased in the astrocytes by treatment with glyceraldehyde-derived AGE. These results indicate that glyceraldehyde-derived AGE is the biologically active substance for astrocytes by regulating the VEGF and GDNF expression, which is causally contributing to an increase in the permeability of the BBB.
Miyajima
Hideaki
H
Department of Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-17, Chuo-ku, Sapporo 060-8556, Japan.
Osanai
Makoto
M
Chiba
Hideki
H
Nishikiori
Nami
N
Kojima
Takashi
T
Ohtsuka
Kenji
K
Sawada
Norimasa
N
D001253:Astrocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier; D015153:Blotting, Western; D017931:DNA Primers; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000502:physiology*; D005985:Glyceraldehyde / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics*
D017931:DNA Primers; C495039:GDNF protein, human; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D005985:Glyceraldehyde