title: Development of pump-oxygenator systems and the origins of open-heart surgery: a personal memoir.
abstract: Intracardiac surgery requires the use of a pump-oxygenator to maintain life while the heart is taken out of its usual circuit. Open-heart surgery became practical with the introduction of perfusion systems in the early 1950s. Many factors merged at this time to initiate the beginnings of open-heart surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Wright State University Medical School, Dayton, OH 45419, USA. radwll@cs.com
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: DeWall
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000266:history*; D002648:Child; D004285:Dogs; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000601:surgery; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000601:surgery; D006355:Heart-Lung Machine / Q000266:history*; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008910:Minnesota; D008946:Mitral Valve Stenosis / Q000601:surgery; D010106:Oxygenators / Q000266:history*; D011666:Pulmonary Valve Stenosis / Q000601:surgery; D014481:United States