title: Influence of truck-transportation on the function of bronchoalveolar lavage fluid cells in cattle.
abstract: The study sought to evaluate whether truck-transportation had an impact on the respiratory immune system of cattle. Six castrated 6-10-month-old Holstein calves were shipped approximately 100 km by road for 4 h. Plasma and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid samples, collected immediately before transportation, at 4 h (soon after transportation), and on days 3 and 7 after transportation, were examined. A marked elevation of plasma cortisol concentration was observed at 4 h, but this level was unchanged in controls. The chemiluminescence (CL) response of phagocytes in BAL fluid cells, composed mainly of alveolar macrophage, decreased significantly after transportation (P<0.05). Transportation increased the CD3+ T cell population significantly (P<0.05), and a significant increase (P<0.05) in the ratio of CD4+ to CD8+ cells in BAL fluid was evident. We conclude that short-term road transportation alters pulmonary cells and their function, which may engender bovine respiratory disorders.
authors.affiliation: Animal Hygiene Laboratory, Department of Grazing Animal Production, National Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, 768, Senbonmatsu, Nasushiobara, Tochigi 329-2793, Japan. hishizak@affrc.go.jp
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishizaki
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hanafusa
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kariya
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018893:Bronchoalveolar Lavage / Q000662:veterinary; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D017252:CD3 Complex / Q000276:immunology; D016516:CD4-CD8 Ratio / Q000662:veterinary; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002417:Cattle / Q000276:immunology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000662:veterinary; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D016130:Immunophenotyping / Q000662:veterinary; D008163:Luminescent Measurements / Q000662:veterinary; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D018986:Motor Vehicles; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000276:immunology*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000276:immunology / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D017252:CD3 Complex; D006854:Hydrocortisone