title: Chefs' knowledge of coeliac disease (compared to the public): a questionnaire survey from the United Kingdom.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  For patients with coeliac disease (CD), compliance with a gluten-free diet, when eating food not prepared at home may be difficult.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We assessed whether there are differences in the eating habits of coeliac patients when compared to the general public. In addition, we compared chefs' knowledge with the public's knowledge about CD.
  
  
  METHODS
  A questionnaire survey about CD was performed on coeliac patients, chefs and the general public from the United Kingdom (UK).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three hundred and nineteen coeliac patients [mean age 53.8 years, 65.8% female], 513 members of the public [49.2 years, 62.6% female] and 322 chefs [37.6 years, 15.2% female] were interviewed. Chefs were less likely to have heard of CD when compared to the public (17.1% (55/322) versus 44.2% (227/513), respectively, P<0.0001). Coeliac patients ate less frequently at a friend's house than the general public (P = 0.003). Coeliac patients ate less frequently from take-away establishments (P<0.0001). However, coeliac patients' ate as frequently in restaurants (P = 0.078).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the UK, chefs appear to know less about CD than the general public. Patients with CD feel justifiably cautious when eating food not prepared at home. Educating chefs about a gluten-free diet may alleviate the social restrictions on coeliac patients.
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology and Liver Unit at the Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Glossop Road, Sheffield, South Yorkshire S10 2JF, UK.
authors.forename: Mohammed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Karajeh
authors.forename: David P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Hurlstone
authors.forename: Toral M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Sanders
mesh_terms: D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000178:diet therapy*; D003296:Cooking / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005522:Food Services; D005983:Glutens / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009749:Nutrition Surveys; D052756:Nutritional Sciences / Q000193:education*; D012147:Restaurants; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D005983:Glutens