title: [Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and treatment of postoperative deep vein thrombosis].
abstract: Most postoperative deep vein thrombosis (DVT) arises from the venous systems of the pelvis and lower extremities, especially the soleal veins. Embolization of venous thrombi is related to the size and location of thrombi and movement of the lower limbs and commonly occurs within 1 week from the onset of formation. There are three steps in the final diagnosis of DVT: probable diagnosis by anamnesis and physical examination; screening diagnosis using quantitative tests; and definitive diagnosis using imaging tests. To determine embolic sources, venous echography, which is noninvasive and convenient, is the first choice. Therapeutic methods are selected based on thrombi extent and time after formation. Anticoagulant therapy is indicated in all cases except in patients with possible bleeding tendency and continues for 3 months or more. Among the endovascular therapies, catheter-directed thrombolysis is a more effective approach when combined with a temporary vena cava filter than operative thrombectomy. Although the prevention of DVT is mandatory for surgeons, it is difficult to avoid venous thromboembolism completely. Systemic early diagnosis and emergent therapeutic strategies for venous thromboembolism are clinically effective and promising.
authors.affiliation: Division of Organ Regeneration Surgery, Department of Surgery, Tottori University, Faculty of Medicine, Yonago, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigetsugu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohgi
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanaoka
authors.forename: Norimasa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Yoshimasa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Yuhji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy