title: The treatment of advanced sinonasal malignancies with pre-operative intra-arterial cisplatin and concurrent radiation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Malignancies of the nasal and paranasal sinuses are uncommon tumors, accounting for only 3% of all aerodigestive tract neoplasms. Despite advances in surgical techniques and continued evolution of adjuvant therapies, the 5-year mortality remains unusually high at greater than 50%. In 1996, we begin utilizing a novel strategy in the treatment of advanced sinonasal carcinomas. This consisted of neoadjuvant selective intra-arterial cisplatin with concurrent radiation therapy (acronym RADPLAT) followed by a conservative craniofacial resection. We now report our results for 11 patients treated with this regimen.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between July 1996 and April 2003, 11 patients with advanced sinonasal malignancies underwent treatment utilizing the RADPLAT protocol followed by a planned surgical resection via a craniofacial approach. Patient charts, operative notes, follow-up clinic notes, and pre- and post-operative imaging studies were reviewed in detail for each subject.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histopathological analysis of the tumors revealed seven squamous cell carcinomas (64%), two adenocarcinomas (18%), one adenoid cystic carcinoma (9%), and one sinonasal undifferentiated carcinoma (9%). T4N0M0 disease was present in nine patients (81%), and two patients had T3N0M0 disease (19%). Survival was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method with an overall survival of 81% at 5 years and a progression-free survival at 5 years of 67%. Mean follow-up is 57.2 months ranging from 12 to 95 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The treatment of advanced sinonasal malignancies with pre-operative intra-arterial cisplatin and concurrent radiation results in a significant improvement in survival. This can be done safely with high response rates and excellent loco-regional control in T3 and T4 disease. Although are results are encouraging, there is a need for a cooperative, multi-institutional, prospective study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, UT College of Medicine, 847 Monroe Avenue, Suite 427, Memphis, TN, 38163, USA. lmmichael2@pol.net
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Madison Michael
authors.forename: Jeffrey M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sorenson
authors.forename: Sandeep
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Samant
authors.forename: Jon H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Robertson
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy / Q000379:methods; D010255:Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D011292:Premedication; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011838:Radiation-Sensitizing Agents; D002945:Cisplatin