title: Gene expression profile in rat renal isografts from brain dead donors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Brain death (BD) and the subsequent ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury have cardinal implications for the pathogenesis of kidney transplantation (Tx). However, the precise mechanistic pathway of BD and the subsequent I/R injury are unknown. In this study, we performed genome-wide analysis for differential gene expression in kidney isografts from BD donors. Their gene expressions were compared with those from living sources.
  
  
  METHODS
  Kidneys from BD rats were engrafted and their gene expressions were compared with those from living controls. Donors were intubated, and mechanically ventilated for 6 hours. Grafts were harvested 6 hours after BD, and 1 hour after engraftment. The expression profile of approximately 20,500 genes was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Gene expression of chemokines (Scya2 and Gro1), cytokines (IL-1 and -6) and adhesion molecules (E- and P-selectin and ICAM-1) were upregulated in the BD kidneys and 1 hour after engraftment. An antiapoptotic gene (Birc2), IkappaB-zeta, and protective gene (HO-1) were also upregulated. Other upregulated genes included oncogenes (lipocalin2, Bcl3, and CCAAT/enhancer binding protein delta), Calgranulin B, DEXRAS1, insulin-like growth factor binding protein-1, inhibin beta-B-subunit gene, IgG Fc receptor, and FK 506 binding protein 5. We also observed downregulation of the genes Amphiphsin, Jagged 1, Pace 4, Slc15a2, Kcnn2, and gap junction membrane channel protein alpha5 only in kidneys from BD donors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This is the first demonstration of global gene expression analysis using the rat brain-death isograft model. These results provide new insights for the detection of novel target genes for treatment and prognosis of grafts from brain-dead and extended marginal donors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Development Center for Targeted and Minimally Invasive Diagnosis and Treatment, Fujita Health University School of Medicine, Toyoake, Aichi, Japan. mkusaka@fujita-hu.ac.jp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kusaka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuroyanagi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Terauchi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kowa
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kurahashi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hoshinaga
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001926:Brain Death; D018925:Chemokines / Q000235:genetics; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000502:physiology*; D023421:Models, Animal; D051381:Rats; D014019:Tissue Donors; D014185:Transplantation, Isogeneic / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1