title: Differential adaptive responses to chronic stress of maternally stressed male mice offspring.
abstract: It is well established that stress in early life can alter the activity of the hypothalamus-pituitary-adrenal (HPA) axis, but most studies to date have focused on HPA reactivity in response to a single acute stress. The present study addressed whether stress in pregnant mice could influence the adaptive responses of their offspring to chronic stress. Male offspring were exclusively used in this study. Elevated plus maze tests revealed that 14 d of repeated restraint stress (6 h per day; from postnatal d 50-63) significantly increased anxiety-like behavior in maternally stressed mice. NBI 27914, a CRH receptor antagonist, completely eliminated anxiety-related behaviors in a dose-dependent manner, indicating an involvement of a hyperactive CRH system. In accordance with increased anxiety, CRH contents in the hypothalamus and amygdala were significantly higher in these mice. Despite an increased basal activity of the CRH-ACTH system, the combination of chronic prenatal and postnatal stress resulted in a significant reduction of basal plasma corticosterone level, presumably because of a defect in adrenal function. Along with alterations in hypothalamic and hippocampal corticosteroid receptors, it was also demonstrated that a dysfunction in negative feedback inhibition of the HPA axis could be deteriorated by chronic stress in maternally stressed male mice. Taken together, these results indicate that exposure to maternal stress in the womb can affect an animal's coping capacity to chronic postnatal stress.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
authors.forename: Sooyoung
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Gi Hoon
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: Sung Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Eonyoung
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kun Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Dongho
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Geum
authors.forename: Kyungjin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000523:psychology*; D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology; D001835:Body Weight; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D004702:Endocrine Glands / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D007030:Hypothalamo-Hypophyseal System / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D010913:Pituitary-Adrenal System / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000378:metabolism; D018161:Receptors, Mineralocorticoid / Q000378:metabolism; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; D018161:Receptors, Mineralocorticoid; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone