title: Alcoholic liver disease. An update.
abstract: The prevalence and incidence of alcoholic liver disease are constantly evolving. Alcoholic liver disease has a wide clinical spectrum. It may progress to cirrhosis and to end-stage liver disease requiring liver transplantation. The histological manifestations range from steatosis without inflammation to liver cell injury and ultimately to fibrosis and cirrhosis. In some cases, the histological manifestation is steatohepatitis, morphologically characterized by inflammation and necrosis. Currently, although there are no specific tests to establish a diagnosis of steatohepatitis, some serological, radiological, or laboratory tests may be useful. Liver biopsy is useful in confirming a suspected diagnosis and in assessing the extent of parenchymal damage. This review synthesizes the main aspects of the epidemiology, pathogenesis, morphological characteristics, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of alcoholic liver disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Research, Gastroenterology & Liver Unit, Medica Sur Clinic & Foundation, Mexico City, Mexico. mmendez@medicasur.org.mx
authors.forename: Nahum
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Méndez-Sánchez
authors.forename: Paloma
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Almeda-Valdés
authors.forename: Misael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uribe
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008108:Liver Diseases, Alcoholic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000150:complications; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors