title: Gastric emptying after semi-solid food in multiple system atrophy and Parkinson disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gastrointestinal symptoms such as nausea, abdominal pain, and bloating are frequent complaints in patients with Parkinson disease (PD) and in patients with multiple system atrophy (MSA), and may be associated with delayed gastric emptying (GE). Although several GE studies in patients with PD have been performed, scant data exist in patients with MSA.
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed GE half-times (T50) in 12 patients with MSA and compared them with those of 12 patients with PD and 12 age-matched healthy controls.GE was estimated scintigraphically using the left anterior oblique method after ingestion of a (99m)Tc colloid-labeled balanced semi-solid meal (yogurt). GE data were obtained every 15 minutes until there was complete emptying of the stomach. Blood pressure, heart rate, plasma glucose and glucosylated hemoglobin were regularly determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Reproducibility of the GE technique was excellent (Bland-Altman analysis, limits of agreement: -2.3 to 2.8). T50 was longer in MSA (82+/-3.4 min) and in PD (90.6+/-3.9 min) patients compared with controls (46.2+/-0.7) (two-way ANOVA, p<0.0001). T50 did not differ between patients with MSA and those with PD. No correlation existed between T50 and age, duration of the disease, magnitude of postprandial hypotension, levels of plasma glucose and glucosylated hemoglobin (Kendall's tau, p>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that patients with MSA have GE rates similar to those of patients with PD, but slower than healthy age matched individuals. It remains to be investigated whether gastrointestinal dysfunction in MSA is related to both brain and peripheral pathology, as is presumed for PD.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Neurology, Pammakaristos Hospital, 43, Iakovaton Str., 11144 Athens, Greece. theoneu@otenet.gr
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Thomaides
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Karapanayiotides
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zoukos
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Haeropoulos
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kerezoudi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Demacopoulos
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Floodas
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Papageorgiou
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Armakola
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Thomopoulos
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zaloni
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019578:Multiple System Atrophy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000503:physiopathology*