title: The antimicrobial activity of extracts of the lichen Hypogymnia tubulosa and its 3-hydroxyphysodic acid constituent.
abstract: The antimicrobial activity and the MIC values of the diethyl ether, acetone, chloroform, petroleum ether, and ethanol extracts of the lichen Hypogymnia tubulosa and its 3-hydroxyphysodic acid constituent have been investigated against some microorganisms. At least one of the extracts or 3-hydroxyphysodic acid showed antimicrobial activity against Aeromonas hydrophila, Bacillus cereus, Bacillus subtilis, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Listeria monocytogenes, Proteus vulgaris, Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, and Candida albicans. No antifungal activity of the extracts has been observed against ten filamentous fungi.
authors.affiliation: Anadolu University, Department of Biology, 26470 Eskişehir, Turkey. mkivanc@anadolu.edu.tr
authors.forename: Meral
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Turgay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tay
authors.forename: Merih
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kivanç
authors.forename: Hayrettin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Türk
authors.forename: Ayşen Ozdemir
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Türk
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D003990:Dibenzoxepins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D008011:Lichens / Q000737:chemistry*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: C501217:3-hydroxyphysodic acid; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D003990:Dibenzoxepins; D010936:Plant Extracts; C043056:physodic acid