title: Effects of ceiling-mounted HEPA-UV air filters on airborne bacteria concentrations in an indoor therapy pool building.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of a new generation of high-volume, ceiling-mounted high-efficiency particulate air (HEPA)-ultraviolet (UV) air filters (HUVAFs) for their ability to remove or inactivate bacterial aerosol. In an environmentally controlled full-scale laboratory chamber (87 m3), and an indoor therapy pool building, the mitigation ability of air filters was assessed by comparing concentrations of total bacteria, culturable bacteria, and airborne endotoxin with and without the air filters operating under otherwise similar conditions. Controlled chamber tests with pure cultures of aerosolized Mycobacterium parafortuitum cells showed that the HUVAF unit tested provided an equivalent air-exchange rate of 11 hr(-1). Using this equivalent air-exchange rate as a design basis, three HUVAFs were installed in an indoor therapy pool building for bioaerosol mitigation, and their effectiveness was studied over a 2-year period. The HUVAFs reduced concentrations of culturable bacteria by 69 and 80% during monitoring periods executed in respective years. The HUVAFs reduced concentrations of total bacteria by 12 and 76% during the same monitoring period, respectively. Airborne endotoxin concentrations were not affected by the HUVAF operation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Civil, Environmental, and Architectural Engineering, University of Colorado at Boulder, Boulder, CO 80309, USA.
authors.forename: Elmira
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kujundzic
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Zander
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: Largus T
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Angenent
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: Shelly L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols; D000392:Air Movements; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004738:Engineering; D004867:Equipment Design; D005374:Filtration; D006801:Humans; D006875:Hydrotherapy; D010316:Particle Size; D011634:Public Health; D013551:Swimming Pools; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols