title: Enhanced matrix metalloproteinase activity in skeletal muscles of rats with congestive heart failure.
abstract: Patients with congestive heart failure (CHF) are prone to increased skeletal muscle fatigue. Elevated circulatory concentrations of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1, which may stimulate matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) activity and, thereby, contribute to skeletal muscle dysfunction, are frequently found in CHF. However, whether skeletal muscle MMP activity is altered in CHF is unknown. Hence, we have used a gelatinase assay to assess the activity of MMP and tissue inhibitors of MMP in single skeletal muscles of rats with CHF 6 wk after induction of myocardial infarction. Sham-operated (Sham) rats were used as controls. We also measured the gene expression and protein contents of MMP-2 and MMP-9 in skeletal muscles of these rats. Plasma MMP activity was nearly seven times higher (P < 0.05) in CHF than in Sham rats. Concomitantly, the MMP activity within single slow- and fast-twitch skeletal muscles of CHF rats increased two- to fourfold compared with Sham animals, whereas tissue inhibitor of MMP activity did not differ (P > 0.05). Preformed MMP-2 and MMP-9 were probably activated in CHF, because neither their gene expression nor protein levels were altered (P > 0.05). Serum concentrations of TNF-alpha and monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 remained unchanged (P > 0.05) between CHF and Sham rats during the 6-wk observation period. We conclude that development of CHF in rats enhances MMP activity, which in turn may distort the normal contractile function of skeletal muscle, thereby contributing to increased skeletal muscle fatigue.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Experimental Medical Research, Ullevaal University Hospital, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Hanne M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Schiøtz Thorud
authors.forename: Annicke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stranda
authors.forename: Jon-Arne
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Birkeland
authors.forename: Per K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Lunde
authors.forename: Ivar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sjaastad
authors.forename: Svein O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Kolset
authors.forename: Ole M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Sejersted
authors.forename: Per O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Iversen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000201:enzymology*; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C491766:Ccl2 protein, rat; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9