title: Why generic and disease-specific quality-of-life instruments should be used together for the evaluation of patients with persistent allergic rhinitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The importance of assessing health-related quality of life (HRQL) of patients with allergic rhinitis (AR) has been well established, but the specific roles of rhinitis-specific or general health instruments have not been delineated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We analysed the psychometric properties of a disease-specific instrument, the Rhinoconjunctivitis Quality-of-Life Questionnaire (RQLQ) and the general health instrument, the Medical Outcome Short-Form 36 (SF-36) as they are employed in combination in patients with persistent AR in clinical practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analysed the data collected from a prospective study of 43 newly diagnosed patients with persistent AR and 44 controls. We interviewed the patients four times, at baseline, weeks 4, 8 and 10.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The RQLQ and SF-36 have good discriminative property, internal consistency, and test-retest reliability. The RQLQ is superior to the SF-36 as an evaluative instrument because more of its domains respond to change, the magnitude of change was greater, and the response was faster. The SF-36 is more susceptible to floor and ceiling effects. Both instruments are unsuitable for mildly symptomatic patients based on Rasch model analysis. Each questionnaire assesses a distinct and significant portion of the total HRQL of persistent AR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SF-36 and RQLQ are good for discriminating rhinitis patients from controls, but the former is poor for detecting changes in QOL. Both are inappropriate for mildly symptomatic patients. Each instrument measures non-overlapping halves of the measurable HRQL. For an assessment of the HRQL in persistent AR that is complete and responsive both instruments should be employed together.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433. khai_pang_leong@ttsh.com.sg
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Leong
authors.forename: S C L
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Yeak
authors.forename: A S M
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Saurajen
authors.forename: P K H
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Mok
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Earnest
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Siow
authors.forename: N W C
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Chee
authors.forename: S B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Yeo
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Khoo
authors.forename: J C Y
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Seshadri
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: C Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Chng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011594:Psychometrics; D011788:Quality of Life; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000523:psychology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires