title: Simultaneous double second toe transfer for reconstruction of adjacent fingers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The authors reviewed their results with simultaneous double second toe transfer for reconstruction of adjacent fingers.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January of 1984 to January of 2003, simultaneous double second toe transfer was performed for reconstruction of adjacent fingers in 140 patients (48 before wound closure, 92 after). Functional thumbs were present in all of them. There were 104 male and 36 female patients, with an average age of 29.1 years (range, 2 to 57 years). Index and middle fingers were reconstructed in 90 patients, middle and ring fingers in 49 patients, and ring and little fingers in one patient. The average operation time was 11 hours 25 minutes, which was much shorter than double the average time of a single second toe transfer (8 hours 31 minutes; double time, 17 hours 2 minutes). Twenty-six toes were reexplored for vascular insufficiency and three of them were lost. Secondary surgery was performed in 98 patients to improve function and cosmesis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients were followed up at an average period of 47.5 months (range, 2 to 210 months). Forty-two patients had complete functional evaluation at a minimum 2-year follow-up. The mean active range of motion of the reconstructed finger joints in these patients was 69.4 degrees for metacarpophalangeal joints, 31.1 degrees for proximal interphalangeal joints, and 8.2 degrees for distal interphalangeal joints. Two-point discrimination was between 3 and 13 mm (average, 7.5 mm). All donor sites were closed primarily and no obvious donor-site morbidity was noted, except for one hallux valgus deformity that was corrected by surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The functional and aesthetic results of double second toe transfers for adjacent two-finger reconstruction are superior to those of a single second toe-to-single finger reconstruction in multiple-finger amputations. Double second toe transfer performed simultaneously reduces the cost and total time of the operation, enables faster rehabilitation, and hastens patient adaptation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital and Medical College, Chang Gung University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: O Koray
authors.initials: OK
authors.lastname: Coskunfirat
authors.forename: Fu-Chan
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Chih-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Hung-Chi
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yu-Te
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000673:Amputation, Traumatic / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery*; D001864:Bone Wires; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005383:Finger Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D014034:Toes / Q000637:transplantation*