title: Presence and specificity of tumor associated lymphocytes from ascites fluid in prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the present study, we had the rare opportunity to study immunological responses of TAL from ascites fluid in a patient with hormone-refractory prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated tumor antigen-specific T-cell responses, induced by either prostate specific antigen (PSA) pulsed dendritic cells (DCs) or PSA peptides, in TAL and peripheral blood lymphocytes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DC stimulation with PSA protein induced recognition of naturally processed PSA epitopes by both blood and ascites T cells. In contrast, only ascites T cells recognized the PSA-3 peptide, after stimulation with PSA-pulsed DCs or peptides. Finally, although IFNgamma secreting T cells were detectable in both blood and ascites by ELISPOT, multiplex cytokine assay detected the presence of predominantly Th2 cytokines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although tumor antigen-specific TAL were detected in ascites fluid, these cells were producing immunosuppressive cytokines which may contribute to tumor escape from recognition and/or destruction by the immune system.
authors.affiliation: Immune and Gene Therapy Laboratory, Cancer Centre Karolinska, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Volkan
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ozenci
authors.forename: Ashley M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Palmborg
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Egevad
authors.forename: Georg A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Jaremko
authors.forename: Karl Mikael
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kälkner
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pisa
mesh_terms: D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000032:analysis; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte; D006801:Humans; D018793:Interleukin-13 / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000276:immunology*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte; D018793:Interleukin-13; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen