title: Follow-up investigations of tau protein and S-100B levels in cerebrospinal fluid of patients with Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  S-100B and tau protein have a high differential diagnostic potential for the diagnosis of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). So far there has been only limited information available about the dynamics of these parameters in the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). However, there is a special interest in finding biochemical markers to monitor disease progression for differential diagnosis and treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed CSF of 45 patients with CJD and of 45 patients with other neurological diseases for tau protein and S-100B in a follow-up setting. All diagnoses of CJD were later neuropathologically verified. A ratio between tau protein differences and the time between lumbar puncture was calculated. The same was done for S-100B.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tau protein levels of 34 cases were above the cut-off level for CJD (>1,300 pg/ml) in the first CSF sample. In 7 of 11 patients with lower tau levels in the first CSF sample, tau levels rose. The above-mentioned ratio was significantly higher in the CJD group than in the group with other neurological diseases. Similar results were obtained for S-100B.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that follow-up investigations and calculation of ratios is a useful tool in the differential diagnosis of CJD. Variations in this pattern were observed in single cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Gottingen, Gottingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cepek
authors.forename: Petra
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Steinacker
authors.forename: Brit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mollenhauer
authors.forename: Birgitt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wiese
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ciesielczyk
authors.forename: Mirko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bibl
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wiltfang
authors.forename: Inga
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Zerr
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Schulz-Schaeffer
authors.forename: Hans A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Kretzschmar
authors.forename: Sigrid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Poser
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Otto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D007562:Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003704:Dementia / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004660:Encephalitis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006501:Hepatic Encephalopathy / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D014511:Uremia / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D009414:Nerve Growth Factors; D064568:S100 Calcium Binding Protein beta Subunit; D009418:S100 Proteins; D016875:tau Proteins