title: Normalization of high-flow or removal of flow cannot stop high-flow induced endothelial proliferation.
abstract: Endothelial cells (ECs) are activated in response to high-flow. Our previous studies using arteriovenous fistula (AVF) model have demonstrated that high-flow in blood vessels induces an early and rapid proliferation of ECs before arterial dilatation. Here, we investigated the proliferation of ECs, which had once been stimulated by high-flow loading, in a situation without the influence of high-flow. First, we induced high-flow in the rabbit common carotid artery by using AVF. Then, we removed the influence of high-flow by normalization of high-flow with the closure of AVF or by removal of flow itself with tissue isolation and organ culture or with cell culture of ECs, at the timing considered that ECs began to proliferate. Kinetics of ECs was investigated by a laser scanning confocal microscopy, phase-contrast microscopy and light microscopy using bromodeoxyuridine labeling method. We found that ECs, which had once been stimulated by high-flow, transiently proliferated even after normalization of high-flow or removal of flow. We assume that proliferation of ECs is promised when these cells start to proliferate after high-flow loading.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Immunology, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
authors.forename: Misa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Mikio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Eiketsu
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sho
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nanjo
authors.forename: Kouichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Hirotake
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masuda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001166:Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine / Q000378:metabolism; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D007700:Kinetics; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D011817:Rabbits; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques
chemical_list: D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine