Bone tissue engineering on amorphous carbonated apatite and crystalline octacalcium phosphate-coated titanium discs.
Poor fixation of bone replacement implants, e.g. the artificial hip, in implantation sites with inferior bone quality and quantity may be overcome by the use of implants coated with a cultured living bone equivalent. In this study, we tested, respectively, amorphous carbonated apatite (CA)- and crystalline octacalcium phosphate (OCP)-coated discs for their use in bone tissue engineering. Subcultured rat bone marrow cells were seeded on the substrates and after 7 days of culture, the implants were subcutaneously implanted in nude mice for 4 weeks. After 7 days of culture, the cells had formed a continuous multi-layer that covered the entire surface of the substrates. The amount of cells was visually higher on the crystalline OCP-coated discs compared to the amorphous CA-coated discs. Furthermore, the amorphous CA-coated discs exhibited a visually higher amount of mineralized extracellular matrix compared to the crystalline OCP-coated discs. After 4 weeks of implantation, clear de novo bone formation was observed on all discs with cultured cells. The newly formed bone on the crystalline OCP-coated discs was more organized and revealed a significantly higher volume compared to the amorphous CA-coated discs. The percentage of bone contact with the discs was also significantly higher on the OCP-coated discs. Overall, the results suggest that a crystalline OCP coating is more suitable for bone tissue engineering than an amorphous CA coating.
Dekker
Robert J
RJ
iBME, University of Twente, J. van Gulikstraat 29, 4205 GD Gorinchem, The Netherlands. robert.dekker@rivm.nl
de Bruijn
Joost D
JD
Stigter
Martin
M
Barrere
Florence
F
Layrolle
Pierre
P
van Blitterswijk
Clemens A
CA
D000818:Animals; D001031:Apatites / Q000737:chemistry*; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
D001031:Apatites; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; C022045:octacalcium phosphate; C030782:carboapatite; D014025:Titanium