title: Glycogen synthase kinase-3beta participates in nuclear factor kappaB-mediated gene transcription and cell survival in pancreatic cancer cells.
abstract: Recent studies using glycogen synthase kinase-3beta (GSK-3beta)-deficient mouse embryonic fibroblasts suggest that GSK-3beta positively regulates nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB)-mediated gene transcription. Because NFkappaB is suggested to participate in cell proliferation and survival pathways in pancreatic cancer, we investigated the role of GSK-3beta in regulating these cellular processes. Herein, we show that pancreatic cancer cells contain a pool of active GSK-3beta and that pharmacologic inhibition of GSK-3 kinase activity using small molecule inhibitors or genetic depletion of GSK-3beta by RNA interference leads to decreased cancer cell proliferation and survival. Mechanistically, we show that GSK-3beta influences NFkappaB-mediated gene transcription at a point distal to the Ikappa kinase complex, as only ectopic expression of the NFkappaB subunits p65/p50, but not an Ikappa kinase beta constitutively active mutant, could rescue the decreased cellular proliferation and survival associated with GSK-3beta inhibition. Taken together, our results simultaneously identify a previously unrecognized role for GSK-3beta in cancer cell survival and proliferation and suggest GSK-3beta as a potential therapeutic target in the treatment of pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Oncology Research and GI Research Unit, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA
authors.forename: Andrei V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Ougolkov
authors.forename: Martin E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Fernandez-Zapico
authors.forename: Doris N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Savoy
authors.forename: Raul A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Urrutia
authors.forename: Daniel D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Billadeau
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D048708:Cell Growth Processes / Q000502:physiology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; D006801:Humans; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000502:physiology*; D014508:Urea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D013844:Thiazoles; C479831:N-(4-methoxybenzyl)-N'-(5-nitro-1,3-thiazol-2-yl)urea; D014508:Urea; C000605506:GSK3B protein, human; D000071679:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3 beta; C000605507:Gsk3b protein, mouse; D038362:Glycogen Synthase Kinase 3