title: Electro-clinical characteristics and postoperative outcome of medically refractory tumoral temporal lobe epilepsy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Very few studies have specifically addressed surgical treatment and outcome of patients with tumor-related temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To define the postoperative seizure outcome and the factors that influenced the outcome of patients with tumor-related TLE.
  
  
  METHODS
  We selected patients whose surgical pathology revealed a temporal lobe neoplasm and who had completed > 1 year of postoperative follow-up. We reviewed the clinical, EEG, radiological and pathological data, and the seizure outcome of these patients and assessed the factors that influenced the outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of the 409 patients who underwent surgery for refractory TLE during the 8-year study period, there were 34 (8.3%) patients with temporal lobe neoplasms. The median age at surgery was 20 years and the median duration of epilepsy prior to surgery was 9.0 years. MRI revealed tumor in the mesial location in 21 (61.8%) patients. Interictal and ictal epileptiform EEG abnormalities were localized to the side of th lesion in the majority. Mesial temporal lobe structures were included in the resection, if they were involved by the tumor; otherwise, lesionectomy alone was performed. During a median follow-up of 4 years, 27 (79%) patients were completely seizure-free. The only factor that predicted long-term seizure-free outcome was being seizure-free during the first two postoperative years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results emphasize the fact that in patients with tumoral TLE, when the seizures are medically refractory, surgery offers potential for cure of epilepsy in the majority.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, R. Madhavan Nayar Center for Comprehensive Epilepsy Care, Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences and Technology, Trivandrum 695-011, India.
authors.forename: Samhita
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Panda
authors.forename: Venkataraman V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Radhakrishnan
authors.forename: Kurupath
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Radhakrishnan
authors.forename: Ravi M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Sankara P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Sarma
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D016896:Treatment Outcome