Epigenetic regulation of protein tyrosine phosphatases: potential molecular targets for cancer therapy.
Promoter methylation-mediated silencing is a hallmark of many established tumor suppressor genes. This review focuses on the methylation and suppression of a receptor-type tyrosine phosphatase gene, PTPRO, in a variety of solid and liquid tumors. In addition, PTPRO exhibits many other characteristics of a bona fide tumor suppressor. Reactivation of genes silenced by methylation using inhibitors of DNA methyltransferases and histone deacetylases, and the potential application of PTPRO as a molecular target for cancer therapy have been discussed.
Jacob
Samson T
ST
Department of Molecular and Cellular Biochemistry, The Ohio State University, College of Medicine, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. jacob.42@osu.edu
Motiwala
Tasneem
T
D019175:DNA Methylation; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D020868:Gene Silencing; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000201:enzymology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D054623:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 2
C516868:PTPRU protein, human; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D054623:Receptor-Like Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases, Class 2