title: Chronotherapeutic oral drug absorption system verapamil is effective in reducing morning blood pressure in African Americans: a post hoc analysis of the chrono trial.
abstract: Results of several clinical trials have shown that verapamil is effective in reducing blood pressure (BP) in African Americans, a population at high risk for hypertension and target-organ damage. Nonetheless, adequate control of BP is perceived as difficult to achieve in this population. A post hoc analysis of data from the community-based CHRONO trial (Controlling Hypertension in the moRning with a ChrONO medication) was undertaken to assess racial/ethnic differences in the safety and efficacy of the Chronotherapeutic Oral Drug Absorption System (CODAS) formulation of verapamil in a real-world setting. Once-daily administration of the CODAS formulation of verapamil significantly reduced morning BP (P<0.0001) regardless of race or ethnicity. In the African-American population (N=466), the response rate for systolic BP (<140 mmHg or > or =10% reduction from baseline) and diastolic BP (<90 mmHg or reduction > or =10 mmHg from baseline) combined was 70.8%, and 60% of those individuals responded at the lowest (200 mg) dose. Of the 59.7% of African Americans who reached the target BP of <140/90 mmHg, 64% did so at the 200-mg dose. Response rates were not affected by gender, age or treatment history, and CODAS-verapamil was well tolerated in all ethnic/racial treatment groups. In a trial conducted in actual clinical practices, the CODAS formulation of verapamil was shown to be safe and effective in African Americans, Caucasians, Hispanics and Asians.
authors.affiliation: Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA, USA. mprisant@mail.mcg.edu
authors.forename: L Michael
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Prisant
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: Henry R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Black
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000368:Aged; D044383:Black People; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019454:Chronotherapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000208:ethnology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D014700:Verapamil / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001741:Black or African American
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D014700:Verapamil