title: Oral alkalinizing solution as a potential prophylaxis against myoglobinuric acute renal failure: preliminary data from healthy volunteers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acute renal failure (ARF) secondary to crush injury is one of the leading causes of hospitalization and death in survivors of massive disasters. The standard therapy for crush injury, intravenous (i.v.) hydration and alkalinization of urine, is often not feasible after a mass disaster; therefore, oral rehydration and urinary alkalinization may be a useful substitute.
  
  
  METHODS
  We developed and evaluated an oral alkalinizing solution (OAS) to induce alkaline diuresis. We enrolled 12 volunteer Iranian Army recruits (mean age 19.4+/-0.8 years) who drank an average of 650 ml of OAS for 12 h. We checked the volume and pH of their urine every hour, and measured venous blood gas and electrolytes at 6, 12 and 15 h.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All subjects tolerated the OAS without adverse events, and had active diuresis (>200 ml/h) after an average of 3.0+/-0.7 h. Their urine became alkaline (pH>7.0) within an average of 3.25+/-0.8 h. There were no significant electrolyte abnormalities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OAS seems to be a safe and promising means of inducing alkaline diuresis. It may be a feasible alternative to i.v. hydration to prevent ARF secondary to crush injuries in the context of mass disasters where i.v. hydration is not possible. A dose of 10 ml/kg/h may be the correct amount to induce alkaline diuresis within the first 12 h after crush injuries. The use of OAS for this purpose should be evaluated further.
authors.affiliation: Griffin Hospital, Yale University School of Medicine, Derby, CT, USA. tolouian@usc.edu
authors.forename: Ramin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tolouian
authors.forename: Dorothea
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wild
authors.forename: Mohammad H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lashkari
authors.forename: Iraj
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Najafi
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004232:Diuretics / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009212:Myoglobinuria / Q000150:complications / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D004232:Diuretics