title: A novel device for the non-invasive measurement of free hemoglobin in blood bags.
abstract: The production of red blood cell concentrates from human donors is a very expensive procedure and human resources are in short supply. Under perfect storage conditions at a temperature of 2-6 degrees C, a blood bag must be used within 35-49 days (in Germany). Visual inspection of the bag for apparent hemolysis by a blood bank physician is a crucial but subjective quality control assessment. Since an interruption of the cold chain cannot be definitely ruled out, bags are often disposed of prematurely for safety reasons. There is currently no method of testing a closed blood bag with respect to hemolysis for its suitability to be used in a transfusion. The proposed optical measuring device is a hemoglobin sensor which determines the free hemoglobin in standard erythrocyte concentrates without opening the bag. The optical measurements are done on the flexible tube connected to the main bag. The optical measurements were evaluated using standard hemoglobin solutions with an accuracy of 0.005 g/dL. These investigations show that in the future each blood bag can be tested non-invasively for its content of free hemoglobin. This will contribute to decreasing the wastage rate of red blood cell concentrates.
authors.affiliation: Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Institut für Medizinische Physik und Lasermedizin, Berlin. martina.meinke@charite.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meinke
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Friebel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Helfmann
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Notter
mesh_terms: D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D001793:Blood Preservation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D010783:Photometry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014159:Transducers
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins