title: Salivary IgA response to prolonged exercise in a hot environment in trained cyclists.
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the effects of prolonged exercise in hot conditions on saliva IgA (s-IgA) responses in trained cyclists. On two occasions, in random order and separated by 1 week, 12 male cyclists cycled for 2 h on a stationary ergometer at 62 (3)% V(.)O(2 max) [194 (4) W; mean (SEM)], on one occasion (HOT: 30.3 degrees C, 76% RH) and on another occasion (
  
  
  METHODS
  20.4 degrees C, 60% RH). Water was available ad-libitum. Venous blood samples and 2-min whole unstimulated saliva samples were collected at pre, post and 2 h post-exercise. The s-IgA concentration was determined using a sandwich-type ELISA. Exercising heart rate, rating of perceived exertion, rectal temperature, corrected body mass loss (P<0.01) and plasma cortisol (P<0.05) were greater during HOT. The decrease in plasma volume post-exercise was similar on both trials [HOT: -6.7 (1.1) and
  
  
  METHODS
  -6.6 (1.3)%; P<0.01]. Saliva flow rate decreased post-exercise by 43% returning to pre-exercise levels by 2 h post-exercise (P<0.05) with no difference between trials. Saliva IgA concentration increased post-exercise (P<0.05) with no difference between trials. Saliva IgA secretion rate decreased post-exercise by 34% returning to pre-exercise levels by 2 h post-exercise (P<0.05) with no difference between trials. These data show that a prolonged bout of exercise results in a reduction in s-IgA secretion rate. Additionally, these data demonstrate that performing prolonged exercise in the heat, with ad libitum water intake, does not influence s-IgA responses to prolonged exercise.
authors.affiliation: School of Sport, Health and Exercise Sciences, University of Wales, Bangor LL57 2PX, UK.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Laing
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Gwynne
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blackwell
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Walters
authors.forename: N P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Walsh
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000328:Adult; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D012463:Saliva / Q000276:immunology; D012472:Salivation
chemical_list: D007070:Immunoglobulin A