title: Laparoscopic hand-assisted spleen autotransplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Only recently has the spleen been perceived as an organ with a major immune function. This raised an interest in spleen salvage after spleen trauma and pancreatic tail resection, for the treatment of hematologic disorders and inducement tolerance for allogenic transplants. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of a new technique for spleen transplantation: laparoscopic spleen autotransplantation in a large animal model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten 35-kg pigs were used for this study. A laparoscopic hand-assisted splenectomy was first performed. The spleen was extracted through the handport to be flushed with a 4 degrees C saline solution and prepared extracorporeally. The graft was then reintroduced into the same animal's abdominal cavity, and a splenic-to-common iliac artery and vein bypass was performed laparoscopically using a 7-0 polytetrafluoroethylene running suture. The animal was killed 1 week postoperatively for histologic examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All 10 animals tolerated the procedure well. No conversion to open surgery was required. The mean operative time was 253 +/- 45 min. The mean time needed to create the artery and vein anastomoses was 116 +/- 165 min, and the mean blood loss was 190 +/- 120 ml. There was no intra- or postoperative death. Intraoperative complications included two stenosed vascular anastomoses, which were taken down and revised. Seven of the 10 spleens were histologically viable 1 week after surgery. The nonviable transplantations were attributable to a thrombosis of the common iliac artery (n = 1) or the transplant artery (n = 2).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hand-assisted laparoscopic spleen autotransplantation is feasible in an animal model. This procedure could constitute an option when spleen resection is necessary for pancreatic tail resection, or when spleen preservation is important to the maintenance or restoration of an immune function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Mount Sinai Hospital, 5 East, 98th Street, Box 1103, New York, NY 10029, USA.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Biertho
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gagner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Waage
authors.forename: W-W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jacob
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Faife-Faife
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sekhar
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Del Genio
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: DelGenio
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D013154:Spleen / Q000637:transplantation*; D013552:Swine