title: Effects of PRI-2191--a low-calcemic analog of 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 on the seizure-induced changes in brain gene expression and immune system activity in the rat.
abstract: Apart from the essential role of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 in calcium and phosphorus metabolism, this compound and its analogs are involved in regulating the functions of the central nervous and immune systems. Active forms of vitamin D3 have been reported to stimulate neurotrophin gene expression and to prevent neuronal damage against a variety of insults. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of PRI-2191-a low-calcemic analog of 1alpha,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (50 ng/kg i.p., once daily for 8 days) on seizure-related neuronal degeneration, changes in some brain gene expression and immune system activity. Seizures were induced by pilocarpine (400 mg/kg; i.p.) administration. An in situ hybridization study showed that the pilocarpine-induced seizures led to time-dependent changes in the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), heat shock protein 70 (HSP-70) and prepro-thyreoliberin (prepro-TRH) gene expression in several cortical and hippocampal regions. The maximal induction of gene expression was 3 h for BDNF and 24 h for HSP-70 and prepro-TRH; however, only in the case of prepro-TRH that effect was long-lasting. PRI-2191 alone had no effect on gene expression, but it enhanced the seizure-evoked expression of HSP-70, had an opposite effect on BDNF mRNA level and did not affect prepro-TRH mRNA level. Moreover, PRI-2191 had a moderate inhibitory effect on the seizure-related hippocampal damage in the CA1 field only. An immunological study revealed that PRI-2191 reversed the seizure-induced decrease in the proliferative activity of splenocytes and their ability to produce interferon-gamma. Summing up, the present study demonstrated that subchronic administration of PRI-2191 significantly modulated the seizure-related changes in both the brain and the peripheral immune system of rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Neuroendocrinology, Institute of Pharmacology, Polish Academy of Sciences, 12 Smetna Street, 31-343 Kraków, Poland.
authors.forename: Magdalena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tetich
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dziedzicka-Wasylewska
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuśmider
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kutner
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leśkiewicz
authors.forename: Lucylla
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jaworska-Feil
authors.forename: Bogusława
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Budziszewska
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kubera
authors.forename: Aye-Mu
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Myint
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Basta-Kaim
authors.forename: Mariusz
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Skowroński
authors.forename: Władysław
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lasoń
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004100:Dihydroxycholecalciferols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000517:prevention & control; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010862:Pilocarpine; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D013973:Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D004100:Dihydroxycholecalciferols; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D011498:Protein Precursors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D010862:Pilocarpine; C063596:prepro-thyrotropin-releasing hormone; D013973:Thyrotropin-Releasing Hormone; C023850:1 alpha,24-dihydroxyvitamin D3; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D002117:Calcitriol; D002118:Calcium