Mechanisms of suppression by suppressor T cells.
Mechanisms of immunosuppression by CD4(+)CD25(+) suppressor T cells have been addressed using many in vitro and in vivo conditions. However, those studies have not yielded a single mode of action. This review will discuss the mechanisms of suppression, which include the local secretion of cytokines such as TGF-beta and direct cell contact through binding of cell surface molecules such as CTLA-4 on suppressor T cells to CD80 and CD86 molecules on effector T cells. Suppression requires the appropriate colocalization of suppressor and effector T cells in different tissue and may involve the interference with T cell receptor signaling that triggers transcription factors important in regulating effector cell function.
von Boehmer
Harald
H
Dana Farber Cancer Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. harald_von_boehmer@dfci.harvard.edu
D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D053804:Granzymes; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000276:immunology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D054353:Perforin; D052899:Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases / Q000276:immunology; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000276:immunology
D015703:Antigens, CD; D000943:Antigens, Differentiation; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human; C556707:Ctla4 protein, mouse; D007376:Interleukin-2; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D052899:Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D054353:Perforin; D053804:Granzymes; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; C509212:GZMA protein, human