title: Mandibular incisal edge demineralization and caries associated with Twin Block appliance design.
abstract: Demineralization and caries are well documented and unwanted complications of orthodontic therapy. These are most commonly reported in relation to fixed appliance therapy. Five cases are presented of patients undergoing Twin Block appliance therapy with the appliances incorporating lower labial segment capping, illustrating a pattern of demineralization and caries of the incisal tips of the mandibular labial segment, influenced by the incisal capping and the frequent intake of carbonated soft drinks.
authors.affiliation: Orthodontic Department, Derby Royal Infirmary, London Road, Derby DE1 2QY, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dixon
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: I E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Mackie
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Derwent
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002253:Carbonated Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000209:etiology; D003804:Dentin / Q000473:pathology; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D017289:Orthodontic Appliances, Functional / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000209:etiology*