title: A prospective cross-over study using a sphincterotome and a guidewire to increase the success rate of common bile duct cannulation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  During endoscopic retrograde cholangiopanc-reatography (ERCP), selective cannulation of the common bile duct (CBD) is required in most of the cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  From June 2001 till December 2002, all patients referred to our unit for ERCP were considered for entry into the study. Selective CBD cannulation was first attempted with a standard catheter with or without the use of a guidewire. In cases, where CBD cannulation was considered unsuccessful, patients were crossed over to a double-lumen sphincterotome and a guidewire. All patients were hospitalized for 24 h after the procedure in order to assess the incidence of post-ERCP complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study sample consisted of 158 patients. Selective CBD cannulation using a standard ERCP catheter with or without the assistance of a guidewire, was accomplished in 129 patients (success rate: 81.65%). From the 29 patients who were crossed over to a sphincterotome and a guidewire, selective CBD cannulation was achieved in 24; the overall success rate rising to 96.8%. Meanwhile, the use of this technique did not increase the incidence of post-ERCP complications.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of a sphincterotome and a guidewire increases the success rate of selective bile duct cannulation in cases that this has not been accomplished with a standard catheter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Athens Naval Hospital and Veterans, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Karamanolis
authors.forename: Aikaterini
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Katsikani
authors.forename: Nikos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Viazis
authors.forename: Gerasimos
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stefanidis
authors.forename: Spilios
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manolakopoulos
authors.forename: Spiros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sgouros
authors.forename: Efthimia
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Papadopoulou
authors.forename: Apostolos
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mantides
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001649:Bile Duct Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002404:Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D003135:Common Bile Duct; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016717:Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*