title: The role of depression symptoms in predicting drug abstinence in outpatient substance abuse treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the role of depressive symptoms in the context of specific demographic and individual treatment characteristics in predicting drug abstinence at discharge from outpatient substance abuse treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 827 clients entering a large public funded outpatient substance abuse treatment program were analyzed using logistic regression to assess the effects of depressive symptoms on drug abstinence status at discharge. Analyses on the effects of gender, race, age, education level, frequency of drug use, insurance status, referral source, and length of stay in treatment on drug abstinence status at discharge were also conducted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Higher depressive symptom scores significantly predicted a decreased likelihood of clients' abstinence at discharge even after accounting for other significant demographic and treatment variables such as insurance status, race, age, primary drug of choice, frequency of drug use at admission and length of stay in treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest that depression symptoms are an important factor affecting successful substance abuse treatment outcomes. Treatment approaches that address depressive symptoms are likely to enhance substance abuse treatment outcomes in real world clinical settings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06511, USA. rebecca.dodge@yale.edu
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dodge
authors.forename: Jody
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sindelar
authors.forename: Rajita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sinha
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000553:Ambulatory Care; D015897:Comorbidity; D003237:Connecticut; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005380:Financing, Government / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010351:Patient Discharge / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011632:Public Assistance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012044:Regression Analysis; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome