title: Four-year follow up of hepatitis C patients vaccinated against hepatitis B virus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with chronic hepatitis C have been recommended to receive vaccinations against hepatitis B. Our study aimed at evaluating the hepatitis B immunogenicity and efficacy against hepatitis B virus infection 4 years after primary immunization series in a group of patients with chronic hepatitis C.
  
  
  METHODS
  We recruited 36 out of 48 hepatitis C virus (HCV) infected individuals who were vaccinated against hepatitis B virus (20 mug of recombinant HBsAg at 0-1-6 mo schedule) in 1998. Here we measured anti-HBs titers and anti-HBc 4 years after delivery of the third dose of primary immunization series.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 4 years a total of 13/36 (36%) HCV infected patients had seroprotective titers of anti-HBs compared with 9/10 (90%) in the control group, (P<0.05). Similarly the mean concentration of anti-HBs found in hepatitis C patients was significantly lower than that found in healthy subjects (18.3 and 156.0 mIU/mL respectively (P<0.05). None of the HCV infected patients or controls became infected with HBV during the study period as confirmed by anti-HBc negativity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrated that 4 years after HBV immunizations' more than 60% of vaccinated HCV patients did not maintain seroprotective levels of anti-HBs, which might put them at risk of clinically significant breakthrough infections. Further follow-up studies are required to clarify whether memory B and T lymphocytes can provide protection in chronic hepatitis C patients in the absence or inadequate titers of anti-HBs.
authors.affiliation: Mieszka I 4B 15-054 Bialystok, Poland. schlabicz@poczta.onet.pl
authors.forename: Slawomir
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chlabicz
authors.forename: Tadeusz-Wojciech
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Lapinski
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Grzeszczuk
authors.forename: Danuta
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prokopowicz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000276:immunology; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines