title: Tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II)-zirconia-Nafion composite films applied as solid-state electrochemiluminescence detector for capillary electrophoresis.
abstract: The major goal of this work was to develop a new solid-state electrochemiluminescence (ECL) detector suitable for capillary electrophoresis (CE). The detector was fabricated by coating a sol-gel derived zirconia (ZrO(2))-Nafion composite film on a graphite electrode, then the zirconia-Nafion modified electrode was immersed in tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II) (Ru(bpy)(3) (2+)) solution to immobilize this active chemiluminescence reagent. The voltammetric and ECL behaviors of the detector were investigated and optimized in tripropylamine solution. The ratio of 53% for zirconia in the zirconia-Nafion composite provided the highest luminescence intensity of immobilized Ru(bpy)(3) (2+). The ECL can maintain its stability very well in the phosphate solution in the period of 5-90 h when the solid-state ECL detector was immersed in the solution all the time. The optimum distance of capillary outlet to the solid-state ECL detector has been found to be ca. 50-80 microm for a 75 microm capillary. The effects of ionic strength and pH of ECL solution on peak height were investigated. The CE with solid-state ECL detector system was successfully used to detect tripropylamine, lidocaine, and proline. The detection limits (S/N = 3) were 5 x 10(-9) mol.L(-1) for tripropylamine, 1 x 10(-8) mol.L(-1) for lidocaine and 5 x 10(-6) mol.L(-1) for proline, and the linear ranges were from 1.0 x 10(-8) to 1.0 x 10(-5) mol.L(-1) for tripropylamine, 5.0 x 10(-7) mol.L(-1) to 1.0 x 10(-5) mol.L(-1) for lidocaine and 1.0 x 10(-5) to 1.0 x 10(-3) mol.L(-1) for proline, respectively.
authors.affiliation: The Key Lab of Analytical Chemistry for Life Science, Department of Chemistry, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210 093, China.
authors.forename: Shou-Nian
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Jing-Juan
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Hong-Yuan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000379:methods*; D005465:Fluorocarbon Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000032:analysis; D008163:Luminescent Measurements / Q000379:methods*; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D011392:Proline / Q000032:analysis; D011437:Propylamines / Q000032:analysis; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D005465:Fluorocarbon Polymers; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D011437:Propylamines; C415768:tris(2,2'-bipyridyl)ruthenium(II); C096226:tripropylamine; C040402:perfluorosulfonic acid; D008012:Lidocaine; D011392:Proline; D015040:Zirconium; C028541:zirconium oxide