title: Automated determination of ziprasidone by HPLC with column switching and spectrophotometric detection.
abstract: An isocratic high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) method with column switching and ultraviolet (UV) detection is described for quantitative analysis of the new antipsychotic drug ziprasidone. After centrifugation of serum or plasma samples and addition of fluperlapine as internal standard, the samples were injected into the HPLC system. On-line sample clean-up was conducted on a column (10 x 4.0 mm ID) filled with silica C8 material (20-microm particle size) using 8% (vol/vol) acetonitrile in deionized water as eluent. Ziprasidone was eluted and separated on ODS Hypersil C18 material (5 microm; column size 250 x 4.6 mm ID) using acetonitrile-water-tetramethylethylendiamine (50:49.6:0.4, vol/vol/vol). The UV detector was set at 254 nm. Ziprasidone was separated within 20 minutes. The limit of quantification was 10 ng/mL. At therapeutic concentrations, the interassay reproducibility (coefficient of variation) of quality control samples was below 10%. The method was found to be robust and stable. More than 100 serum samples could be analyzed without changing the clean-up column and more than 300 samples using the same analytic column. Among multiple drugs tested for interference, only the tricyclic antidepressants trimipramine and clomipramine were found to exhibit retention times similar to that of ziprasidone. The method was applied to analyze ziprasidone concentrations in blood serum of 67 patients treated with 40 to 280 mg ziprasidone per day for at least 7 days (median 120 mg). The median steady-state serum concentration of ziprasidone was 76 ng/mL, and the 25th and 75th percentile were 43 to 131 ng/mL, respectively. Forty to 130 ng/mL may be considered the recommended target plasma concentration range. HPLC with column switching and UV detection as described here is suitable for therapeutic drug monitoring of ziprasidone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Mainz, Untere Zahlbacherstrasse 8, D-55131 Mainz, Germany.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sachse
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Härtter
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hiemke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001331:Automation / Q000379:methods*; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000097:blood; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D003024:Clozapine / Q000097:blood; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077152:Olanzapine; D010879:Piperazines / Q000097:blood* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013053:Spectrophotometry / Q000379:methods*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000097:blood* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010879:Piperazines; D013844:Thiazoles; D001569:Benzodiazepines; C092292:ziprasidone; D003024:Clozapine; D000077152:Olanzapine