title: Correlation of Narcotrend Index, entropy measures, and spectral parameters with calculated propofol effect-site concentrations during induction of propofol-remifentanil anaesthesia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the EEG parameter Narcotrend Index with the spectral and entropy-based EEG parameters median frequency, 95% spectral edge frequency, burst-compensated 95% spectral edge frequency, spectral entropy, amplitude entropy, and approximate entropy with regard to their ability to describe cerebral anaesthetic drug effects during induction of propofol-remifentanil anaesthesia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three induction schemes were studied with 10 patients each receiving 2 mg propofol/kg/60s (group 1), 4 mg/kg/120s (group 2), and 4 mg/kg/240s (group 3). The EEG was recorded with the EEG monitor Narcotrend. To analyse the relation between drug effect and EEG parameters, Spearman rank correlation of the different EEG parameters with the calculated propofol effect-site concentration was computed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all groups Narcotrend Index showed the highest correlation with the propofol effect-site concentration and the lowest variability of individual correlation values. Furthermore, only the Narcotrend Index showed a monophasic behaviour over the entire time period analysed. In the group of entropy parameters approximate entropy yielded the best results. Among the spectral parameters the burst-compensated 95% spectral edge frequency had the highest correlation with the propofol effect-site concentration. It was markedly higher than for the standard spectral edge frequency. The correlations of median frequency and amplitude entropy with propofol effect-site concentration were the lowest. CONCLUSIONS. Changes in the propofol effect-site concentration during induction of anaesthesia were best described by the multivariate Narcotrend Index compared to conventional spectral EEG parameters and different entropy measures.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Klinikum Hannover Oststadt, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany. ugrouven@aol.com
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Grouven
authors.forename: Frank A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Beger
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schultz
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schultz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000379:methods*; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002648:Child; D003625:Data Collection; D004569:Electroencephalography; D019277:Entropy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015742:Propofol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077208:Remifentanil
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D010880:Piperidines; D000077208:Remifentanil; D015742:Propofol