title: 3D reconstruction of the proximal femur with low-dose digital stereoradiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Accurate three-dimensional (3D) geometry of the proximal femur may be helpful for fracture risk evaluation, as well as for planning and assisting surgical procedures. The purpose of this study was to apply and validate a stereoradiographic 3D reconstruction method on the proximal femur from radiographic contours identified on bi-planar radiographs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-five excised non-pathologic proximal femurs were investigated using a low-dose digital radiographic device. Three-dimensional personalized models were reconstructed using the Non-Stereo Corresponding Contours (NSCC) algorithm. Three-dimensional CT-scan reconstructions were defined as geometric references for the comparison protocol, in order to assess the accuracy and reproducibility of the personalized 3D stereoradiographic reconstructions. In addition, the reliability of a set of 3D parameters obtained from stereoradiographic models was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This study demonstrated the validity of the NSCC method when applied to the proximal femur, with good results for accuracy (mean error = 0.7 mm) and reproducibility (Wilcoxon test: p > 0.28). Moreover, a precision study for the set of 3D parameters yielded a coefficient of variation lower than 5%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Once this approach has been validated in vivo, it should find multiple applications in therapeutic fields (e.g., for surgical planning, computer assisted surgery, etc.), as well as in diagnostic contexts (e.g., equilibrium studies or osteoporosis fracture risk assessment).
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de BioMécanique ENSAM/CNRS UMR 8005/Paris France. lebras_anthony@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Le Bras
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Laporte
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bousson
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mitton
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: De Guise
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Laredo
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Skalli
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D002102:Cadaver; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*