title: Primary care, social inequalities, and all-cause, heart disease, and cancer mortality in US counties, 1990.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We tested the association between the availability of primary care and income inequality on several categories of mortality in US counties.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used cross-sectional analysis of data from counties (n=3081) in 1990, including analysis of variance and multivariate ordinary least squares regression. Independent variables included primary care resources, income inequality, and sociodemographics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Counties with higher availability of primary care resources experienced between 2% and 3% lower mortality than counties with less primary care. Counties with high income inequality experienced between 11% and 13% higher mortality than counties with less inequality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Primary care resources may partially moderate the effects of income inequality on health outcomes at the county level.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Policy and Management, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N. Broadway, Room 406, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. lshi@jhsph.edu
authors.forename: Leiyu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Macinko
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Starfield
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Politzer
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wulu
authors.forename: Jiahong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002423:Cause of Death; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006297:Health Services Accessibility; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*; D011320:Primary Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology