title: Plasmodium yoelii: a differential fluorescent technique using Acridine Orange to identify infected erythrocytes and reticulocytes in Duffy knockout mouse.
abstract: Both human malarial parasite Plasmodium vivax and mouse malaria parasite Plasmodium yoelii use Duffy protein as the receptor for invasion and they preferentially invade reticulocytes. Recently, it has been shown that P. yoelii invades mouse reticulocytes by a Duffy independent pathway. Parasite invasion is generally visualized by time consuming staining procedures with dyes like Giemsa or Wright-Giemsa. Fluorochromatic dye like Acridine Orange has been used for instantaneous detection of parasites in RBCs. Acridine Orange binds to both DNA and RNA but with different emission spectra; and the binding can be distinguished with a fluorescent microscope using a green or a red filter, respectively. We have used this differential emission of Acridine Orange to determine P. yoelii invasion into erythrocytes and reticulocytes of Duffy positive and Duffy knockout mice. Moreover, we show that this method can be used to determine the maturity of reticulocytes in the peripheral blood of anemic mice.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cell Biology, New York Blood Center, New York 10021, USA.
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Asok
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chaudhuri
mesh_terms: D000165:Acridine Orange; D000818:Animals; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000235:genetics; D001399:Azure Stains; D004396:Coloring Agents; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000469:parasitology*; D005260:Female; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008288:Malaria / Q000097:blood* / Q000469:parasitology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D018512:Parasitemia / Q000097:blood / Q000469:parasitology; D010967:Plasmodium yoelii / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D016053:RNA, Protozoan / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics; D012156:Reticulocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000469:parasitology*
chemical_list: D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D001399:Azure Stains; D004396:Coloring Agents; D016054:DNA, Protozoan; C066001:Duffy antigen binding protein, Plasmodium; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D016053:RNA, Protozoan; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D000165:Acridine Orange