title: Insulin, C-peptide, and leptin concentrations predict increased visceral adiposity at 5- and 10-year follow-ups in nondiabetic Japanese Americans.
abstract: We prospectively examined the relationship between leptin and markers of insulin resistance and secretion and future visceral adipose tissue accumulation. In this study, 518 nondiabetic Japanese-American men and women underwent the following measurements at baseline and at 5- and 10-year follow-ups: plasma glucose and insulin measured after an overnight fast and during a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test, insulin secretion ratio (ISR) [(30-min insulin - fasting insulin)/30-min glucose], fasting C-peptide levels, plasma leptin (baseline only), and fat areas (intra-abdominal and subcutaneous) measured by computed tomography. Predictors of future intra-abdominal fat (IAF) were determined using multiple linear regression. Fasting insulin and C-peptide levels at baseline were significantly associated with IAF area at 5 years (coefficient = 0.041, P = 0.001 and coefficient = 1.283, P < 0.001, respectively) and 10 years (coefficient = 0.031, P = 0.020 and coefficient = 0.221, P = 0.035, respectively). ISR was not significantly associated with IAF at 5 or 10 years. Leptin level at baseline was positively associated with IAF at 5 years (coefficient = 0.055, P = 0.002) and 10 years (coefficient = 0.059, P = 0.003). In conclusion, higher levels of fasting insulin, C-peptide, and circulating leptin level predicted visceral fat accumulation independent from subcutaneous fat accumulation in nondiabetic Japanese-American men and women in both short-term (5 years) and long-term (10 years) follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, VA Puget Sound Health Care System and Harborview Medical Center, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98108, USA. tongj@u.washington.edu <tongj@u.washington.edu>
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Wilfred Y
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: Steven E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Kahn
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Weigle
authors.forename: Marguerite J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: McNeely
authors.forename: Donna L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Leonetti
authors.forename: Jane B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Shofer
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Boyko
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D001213:Asian; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002096:C-Peptide; D007328:Insulin; D020738:Leptin