title: A randomized trial of electronic clinical reminders to improve quality of care for diabetes and coronary artery disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of an integrated patient-specific electronic clinical reminder system on diabetes and coronary artery disease (CAD) care and to assess physician attitudes toward this reminder system.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 194 primary care physicians caring for 4549 patients with diabetes and 2199 patients with CAD at 20 ambulatory clinics. Clinics were randomized so that physicians received either evidence-based electronic reminders within their patients' electronic medical record or usual care. There were five reminders for diabetes care and four reminders for CAD care.
  
  
  METHODS
  The primary outcome was receipt of recommended care for diabetes and CAD. We created a summary outcome to assess the odds of increased compliance with overall diabetes care (based on five measures) and overall CAD care (based on four measures). We surveyed physicians to assess attitudes toward the reminder system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Baseline adherence rates to all quality measures were low. While electronic reminders increased the odds of recommended diabetes care (odds ratio [OR] 1.30, 95% confidence interval [CI] 1.01-1.67) and CAD (OR 1.25, 95% CI 1.01-1.55), the impact of individual reminders was variable. A total of three of nine reminders effectively increased rates of recommended care for diabetes or CAD. The majority of physicians (76%) thought that reminders improved quality of care.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An integrated electronic reminder system resulted in variable improvement in care for diabetes and CAD. These improvements were often limited and quality gaps persist.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medcal School, 1620 Tremont Street, Boston, MA 02120, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Sequist
authors.forename: Tejal K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Gandhi
authors.forename: Andrew S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Karson
authors.forename: Julie M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Fiskio
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bugbee
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sperling
authors.forename: E Francis
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: E John
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Orav
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Fairchild
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Bates
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001292:Attitude to Computers; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000628:therapy*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000628:therapy*; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006801:Humans; D016347:Medical Records Systems, Computerized; D010821:Physicians, Family; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D012044:Regression Analysis; D017010:Reminder Systems; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires