title: Nutrient-stimulated GLP-1 release in normal-weight men and women.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of a monosaccharide/fiber preload (galactose/guar gum) in combination with a standard breakfast (GG) on plasma GLP-1, insulin, glucose, free fatty acid concentrations, and appetite ratings (satiety, hunger, fullness and desire to eat) in 30 normal-weight subjects. GG was compared to water in combination with the standard breakfast (W). We also tested for differences in GLP-1 release in the described conditions between genders. In women, postprandial plasma GLP-1 concentrations after GG were significantly increased compared to W (p < 0.05). The area under the curve (AUC) for DeltaGLP-1 after GG was related to body fat (%BF) in women (r = 0.48; p = 0.02), but not in men. The rise in plasma insulin was delayed, and plasma glucose concentration was blunted after GG. Deltasatiety was significantly related to DeltaGLP-1 (W). In conclusion, galactose with guar gum increased and extended the GLP-1 release due to breakfast in women, but not in men. This may be partly explained by %BF, which is higher in women than in men since GLP-1 release appears to be related to %BF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, Nutrition and Toxicology Research Institute Maastricht (NUTRIM), 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands. T.Adam@hb.unimaas.nl
authors.forename: T C M
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Westerterp-Plantenga
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004435:Eating; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D005685:Galactans / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005690:Galactose / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005934:Glucagon / Q000097:blood*; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008351:Mannans / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000097:blood*; D053149:Plant Gums; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology*; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000097:blood*; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D005685:Galactans; D008351:Mannans; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D053149:Plant Gums; D011498:Protein Precursors; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D005934:Glucagon; C007894:guar gum; D005690:Galactose