title: Temperature analysis during bonding of brackets using LED or halogen light base units.
abstract: The purpose of our investigation is to compare the intrapulpal temperature changes following blue LED system and halogen lamp irradiation at the enamel surface of permanent teeth. The fixation of brackets using composite resin is more comfortable and faster when using a photo-curable composite. Several light sources can be used: halogens, arc plasma, lasers, and recently blue LED systems. An important aspect to be observed during such a procedures is the temperature change. In this study, we have used nine human extracted permanent teeth: three central incisors, three lateral incisors, and three canines. Teeth were exposed to two light sources: blue LED system (preliminary commercial model LEC 470-II) and halogen lamp (conventional photo-cure equipment). The surface of teeth was exposed for 20, 40, and 60 sec at the buccal and lingual enamel surface with an angle of 45 degrees. Temperature values measured by a thermistor placed at pulpar chamber were read in time intervals of 1 sec. We obtained plots showing the temperature evolution as a function of time for each experiment. There is a correlation between heating quantity and exposition time of light source: with increasing exposition time, heating increases into the pulpal chamber. The halogen lamp showed higher heating than the LED system, which showed a shorter time of cooling than halogen lamp. The blue LED system seems like the indicated light source for photo-cure of composite resin during the bonding of brackets. The fixation of brackets using composite resin is more comfortable and faster when using a photo-curable composite. Blue LED equipment did not heat during its use. This could permit a shorter clinical time of operation and better performance.
authors.affiliation: Esthetic Dentistry, Faculty of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo (FORP-USP), São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo César Gomes
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Rosane
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Fátima Zanirato Lizarelli
authors.forename: Lílian Tan
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Moriyama
authors.forename: Sizenando
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Toledo Porto Neto
authors.forename: Vanderlei Salvador
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Bagnato
mesh_terms: D001831:Body Temperature / Q000502:physiology*; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000502:physiology*; D006219:Halogens; D006801:Humans; D008029:Lighting / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D006219:Halogens