Metalloporphyrins for the treatment of neonatal jaundice.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the safety and efficacy of metalloporphyrins for the treatment of neonatal hyperbilirubinemia.


RESULTS
Since the 1980s and 1990s, there have been no publications on trials to determine the efficacy of metalloporphyrins in the treatment of neonatal jaundice. In the past year, a single case report was presented on the compassionate use of tin mesoporphyrin in a very low birth weight infant with intrauterine growth retardation who did not respond to phototherapy. Subcutaneous administration of a single dose of tin mesoporphyrin at 46 hours of life was associated with a greater than 25% reduction in serum bilirubin. This further supports existing evidence that tin mesoporphyrin is efficacious in lowering bilirubin production. In the laboratory, most metalloporphyrins were shown to induce heme oxygenase, and in addition, metalloporphyrins modulate cardiac cell function in vitro. These observations suggest that the therapeutic benefits may be obviated if such considerations hold true in humans.


CONCLUSIONS
Recent case reports and previous evidence from larger clinical trials conducted in Greece and Argentina in the 1980s and 1990s demonstrate that tin mesoporphyrin is useful in the treatment of neonatal jaundice. Its long-term safety is not well understood but will be important to determine, before its widespread or prophylactic use in neonates with hyperbilirubinemia can be recommended.
Dennery
Phyllis A
PA
Department of Pediatrics, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, and Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Division of Neonatology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA. dennery@email.chop.edu
D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007567:Jaundice, Neonatal / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008665:Metalloporphyrins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D008665:Metalloporphyrins; D001663:Bilirubin