title: Isocyanato- and methacryloxysilanes promote Bis-GMA adhesion to titanium.
abstract: In dentistry, adhesion promotion with 3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane is usually sufficient, but its hydrolytic stability is a continuous concern. The hydrolytic stability of an alternative, 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane, was compared with that of conventional 3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane. Two silanes, both in 0.1 and 1.0 vol-% in ethanol-water, were evaluated in the attachment of an experimental bis-phenol-A-diglycidyldimethacrylate (Bis-GMA) resin to grit-blasted (with two different systems) titanium. Silane hydrolysis was monitored by FTIR spectrometry. Bis-GMA resin was applied and photo-polymerized on titanium. The specimens were thermocycled (6000 cycles, 5-55 degrees C). Surface analysis was carried out with scanning electron microscopy. Statistical analysis (ANOVA) showed that the highest shear bond was achieved with 0.1% 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane (12.5 MPa) with silica-coating, and the lowest with 1.0% 3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (3.4 MPa) with alumina-coating. The silane, its concentration, and the grit-blasting method significantly affected the shear bond strength (p < 0.05). SEM images indicated cohesive failure of bonding, and, in conclusion, 3-isocyanatopropyltriethoxysilane is a potential coupling agent.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Dentistry, Department of Prosthetic Dentistry and Biomaterials Research, University of Turku, Lemminkäisenkatu 2, FI-20520 Turku, Finland. jukka.matinlinna@utu.fi
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Matinlinna
authors.forename: L V J
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Lassila
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kangasniemi
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Vallittu
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D000537:Aluminum Oxide; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003738:Dental Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D015394:Molecular Structure; D033081:Shear Strength; D012821:Silanes / Q000737:chemistry*; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D013052:Spectrometry, X-Ray Emission; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014025:Titanium
chemical_list: C492426:(3-isocyanatopropyl) triethoxysilane; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D003738:Dental Cements; D008689:Methacrylates; D012821:Silanes; C017492:methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D014025:Titanium; D000537:Aluminum Oxide