title: Electron injection at dye-sensitized semiconductor electrodes.
abstract: Electron injection at dye-sensitized semiconductors is reviewed. Particular emphasis is placed on theoretical and photoelectrochemical studies of dye-sensitized planar and single-crystal electrodes. The accepted mechanism of electron injection, which was derived from these classical studies, is introduced. Selected photoelectrochemical studies of dye-sensitized nanocrystalline semiconductors are reviewed; emphasis is given to factors that influence the efficiencies of electron injection and charge recombination. The development of quasi-solid-state nanocrystalline dye-sensitized solar cells is also discussed. Recent time-resolved spectroscopic studies of electron injection and charge recombination are reviewed. These studies have led to a better understanding of electron injection mechanisms, and have revealed the limitations of the classical models.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14260-3000, USA. dwatson3@buffalo.edu
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Gerald J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Meyer
mesh_terms: D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004566:Electrodes; D004583:Electrons; D007267:Injections; D036103:Nanotechnology; D010777:Photochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D017975:Ruthenium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D012666:Semiconductors; D013053:Spectrophotometry
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D017975:Ruthenium Compounds