title: Microcirculation and excretory function of the liver under conditions of carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To date, the effects of increased abdominal pressure, as given during carbon dioxide (CO(2)) pneumoperitoneum, on hepatic microcirculation and biliary excretion are unknown.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a custom-made peritoneal cavity chamber, we performed intravital microscopy of the left liver lobe under conditions of CO(2) pneumoperitoneum in a rat model. In addition, biliary excretion was assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The establishment of a CO(2) pneumoperitoneum of 4 or 8 mmHg resulted in sinusoidal perfusion failure that was more pronounced in the periportal regions than in the midzonal and pericentral regions of the liver acinus. Biliary excretion was considerably reduced at an intraabdominal pressure of 8 mmHg. Leukocyte-endothelial cell interactions increased significantly in both hepatic sinusoids and postsinusoidal venules.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Alterations in hepatic microcirculation and liver function must be taken into consideration in any kind of laparoscopic surgery and may be of particular clinical relevance in patients with liver pathology.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Georg August University, Robert Kochstrasse 40, D-37075, Göttingen, Germany. Ileiste@chirurgie-goettingen.de
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Leister
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schüler
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vollmar
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Füzesi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kahler
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Markus
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008102:Liver Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide