title: Pars screw fixation of a hangman's fracture: technical case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Traumatic spondylolisthesis of the axis may be treated by external immobilization or surgical fixation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We report the case of a 23-year-old man who sustained an Effendi Type II fracture of the axis, for which halo immobilization did not provide adequate stability.
  
  
  METHODS
  The unstable fracture was treated by placing lag screws in the pars interarticularis of C2, which reduced the fracture directly but sacrificed no normal spinal motion. The patient developed a solid fusion, and cervical alignment was normal at his 6-month follow-up examination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although this technique has been reported previously, it is more commonly used in multilevel cervical fusions than for stand-alone repair of C2. Management options, anatomy, and technical considerations for the treatment of traumatic spondylolisthesis are reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurological Surgery, Barrow Neurological Institute, St. Joseph's Hospital and Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bristol
authors.forename: Jeffrey S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Henn
authors.forename: Curtis A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Dickman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001863:Bone Screws; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D016268:Internal Fixators; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*