title: Absence of gene mutation in TRAIL receptor 1 (TRAIL-R1) and TRAIL receptor 2 (TRAIL-R2) in chronic myelogenous leukemia and myelodysplastic syndrome, and analysis of mRNA Expressions of TRAIL and TRAIL-related genes in chronic myelogenous leukemia.
abstract: Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) is an interferon (IFN)-induced molecule with apoptotic activity. We examined gene mutations in the death domains of TRAIL receptor 1 (TRAIL-R1) and TRAIL receptor 2 (TRAIL-R2), and in the TRAIL gene promoter in 46 chronic myelogenous leukemia (CML) patients. In 23 of the 46 patients, all the coding regions of TRAIL-R2 were also examined. However, no mutation or loss of heterozygosity was found. Furthermore, no mutation in the death domains of TRAIL-R1 and TRAIL-R2 genes, which causes amino acid change, was found in 18 myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) patients. Ribonuclease protection assay (RPA) and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction using polymorphonuclear neutrophils of five new CML patients showed that the TRAIL mRNA expression was very low before in vitro IFN-alpha stimulation and markedly upregulated after IFN-alpha stimulation. FAS mRNA was also upregulated with IFN-alpha stimulation but the fold induction was far lower than that of TRAIL mRNA. In addition, RPA revealed that the ratio of (TRAIL-R1 plus TRAIL-R2) to TRAIL-R3 was also increased after IFN-alpha stimulation. Taken together, gene mutations of TRAIL-R1, TRAIL-R2 are infrequent in patients with CML and MDS. And so is the TRAIL promoter for CML. These mutations seem unrelated to tumorigenesis, disease progression, and response to IFN-alpha therapy in CML. A markedly high induction of TRAIL mRNA by IFN-alpha may have some relevance to IFN-alpha action in CML patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Oncology, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Hiroshima University, Kasumi, Hiroshima, Japan.
authors.forename: Li-Gen
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Kinro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Takuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Tanvira A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Sultana
authors.forename: Taiichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kyo
authors.forename: Akiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D019943:Amino Acid Substitution / Q000235:genetics*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D005260:Female; D015973:Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D016366:Open Reading Frames / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053220:Receptors, TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C105190:TNFRSF10A protein, human; C505639:TNFRSF10B protein, human; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha