title: Long-term outcomes after gastric bypass.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  While a great deal has been published regarding the short- and medium-term outcomes of gastric bypass surgery, much less information is available regarding long-term follow-up. Such information would be valuable in changing attitudes towards this surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  342 severely obese patients underwent gastric bypass between June 1990 and April 2003 by a single surgeon. Careful preoperative documentation and follow-up have been maintained on a computerized database. Where necessary, recent followup information has been gained by mailed questionnaire and blood tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Follow-up data from within the last 12 months is available for 88% of patients. Follow-up time ranges from 0-14 years, with a median of 48.6 months. Of those lost to follow-up, only 24 (7%) have <12 months follow-up. The series includes 261 females and 81 males. Preoperative BMI ranged from 28-99 (median 44). Before surgery, hypertension was present in 138, type 2 diabetes in 62, and dyslipidemia in 265. There was no 30-day peri-operative mortality. Three life-threatening complications occurred. BMI and % excess weight loss after 1, 2, 5 and 10 years were 28.7 and 89%, 28.3 and 87%, 31.2 and 70% and 31 and 75%, respectively. At most recent follow-up, 62% of those with hypertension before surgery were cured and 25% had improved. 85% of those with type 2 diabetes were cured and 10% had improved. No patients with impaired glucose tolerance had progressed to diabetes. 34% of those with dyslipidemia were cured and 38% had improved.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The excellent outcomes, in terms of weight loss and improvement in co-morbidities, seen in both the short- and medium-term after gastric bypass, are well maintained into the longer-term.
authors.affiliation: Wakefield Gastroenterology Centre, Wellington, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Emma
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brooks
authors.forename: Lydia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jurikova
authors.forename: Richard S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Stubbs
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015390:Gastric Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017678:Sex Distribution; D013997:Time Factors; D015431:Weight Loss