title: Etiology of ventilator-associated pneumonia.
abstract: This review focuses on the top ten causes of ventilator-associated pneumonia (VAP), updating an earlier study. These pathogens have specific risk factors, different patterns of clinical resolution, and a wide range of attributable mortality. The discussion herein analyzes these aspects, placing particular emphasis on risk factors, attributable mortality, resistance, and the implications for management.
authors.affiliation: Critical Care Department, Joan XXIII University Hospital, University Rovira & Virgili, Carrer Dr. Mallafre Guasch 4, Tarragona 43007, Spain. jrc@hjxxiii.scs.es
authors.forename: Jordi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rello
authors.forename: Emili
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Díaz
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
mesh_terms: D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006088:Gram-Negative Aerobic Bacteria / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006089:Gram-Negative Anaerobic Bacteria / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D012307:Risk Factors; D012122:Ventilators, Mechanical / Q000009:adverse effects*