Effects on weed and invertebrate abundance and diversity of herbicide management in genetically modified herbicide-tolerant winter-sown oilseed rape.
We evaluated the effects of the herbicide management associated with genetically modified herbicide-tolerant (GMHT) winter oilseed rape (WOSR) on weed and invertebrate abundance and diversity by testing the null hypotheses that there is no difference between the effects of herbicide management of GMHT WOSR and that of comparable conventional varieties. For total weeds, there were few treatment differences between GMHT and conventional cropping, but large and opposite treatment effects were observed for dicots and monocots. In the GMHT treatment, there were fewer dicots and monocots than in conventional crops. At harvest, dicot biomass and seed rain in the GMHT treatment were one-third of that in the conventional, while monocot biomass was threefold greater and monocot seed rain almost fivefold greater in the GMHT treatment than in the conventional. These differential effects persisted into the following two years of the rotation. Bees and Butterflies that forage and select for dicot weeds were less abundant in GMHT WORS management in July. Year totals for Collembola were greater under GMHT management. There were few other treatment effects on invertebrates, despite the marked effects of herbicide management on the weeds.
Bohan
David A
DA
Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Hertfordshire AL5 2JQ, UK. david.bohan@bbsrc.ac.uk
Boffey
Caroline W H
CW
Brooks
David R
DR
Clark
Suzanne J
SJ
Dewar
Alan M
AM
Firbank
Les G
LG
Haughton
Alison J
AJ
Hawes
Cathy
C
Heard
Matthew S
MS
May
Mike J
MJ
Osborne
Juliet L
JL
Perry
Joe N
JN
Rothery
Peter
P
Roy
David B
DB
Scott
Rod J
RJ
Squire
Geoff R
GR
Woiwod
Ian P
IP
Champion
Gillian T
GT
D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D018533:Biomass; D029688:Brassica napus / Q000235:genetics*; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D006540:Herbicides / Q000633:toxicity*; D007313:Insecta / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D063245:Plant Development; D010944:Plants / Q000187:drug effects*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics*; D011157:Population Dynamics; D012639:Seeds / Q000187:drug effects; D006113:United Kingdom
D006540:Herbicides