title: Randomized controlled trial comparing the controlled rehabilitation with early ambulation and diet pathway versus the controlled rehabilitation with early ambulation and diet with preemptive epidural anesthesia/analgesia after laparotomy and intestinal resection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Multimodal postoperative care regimens accelerate recovery after abdominal surgery. The benefit of thoracic epidural (TE) analgesia over patient-controlled analgesia (PCA) remains unproven when used with a fast-track postoperative care plan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-six patients undergoing major intestinal resection, and on a fast-track postoperative care plan, were randomized to preemptive TE or PCA. Patients were evaluated at standard time points for pain score, quality of life (Short Form-36), and complications. Oral analgesia was substituted for TE and PCA on the second postoperative day. Discharge criteria were identical for both groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six patients (20.6%) had a failed epidural. There was no difference in length of stay (5.8 versus 6.2 days, TE versus PCA, P = .55), total length of stay (including readmissions), pain scores, quality of life, complications, or hospital costs at any time point.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TE offers no advantage over PCA for patients undergoing major intestinal resections who are on a fast-track postoperative care plan using PCA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal Surgery/A-30, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Massarat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zutshi
authors.forename: Conor P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Delaney
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Senagore
authors.forename: Nagy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mekhail
authors.forename: Brenda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: Jason T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Connor
authors.forename: Victor W
authors.initials: VW
authors.lastname: Fazio
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016058:Analgesia, Patient-Controlled; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002045:Bupivacaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003082:Colectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D004434:Early Ambulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000503:physiopathology; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009020:Morphine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D011292:Premedication; D011788:Quality of Life; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D009020:Morphine; D002045:Bupivacaine