title: Physiological and genome-wide transcriptional responses of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to high carbon dioxide concentrations.
abstract: Physiological effects of carbon dioxide and impact on genome-wide transcript profiles were analysed in chemostat cultures of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. In anaerobic, glucose-limited chemostat cultures grown at atmospheric pressure, cultivation under CO(2)-saturated conditions had only a marginal (<10%) impact on the biomass yield. Conversely, a 25% decrease of the biomass yield was found in aerobic, glucose-limited chemostat cultures aerated with a mixture of 79% CO(2) and 21% O(2). This observation indicated that respiratory metabolism is more sensitive to CO(2) than fermentative metabolism. Consistent with the more pronounced physiological effects of CO(2) in respiratory cultures, the number of CO(2)-responsive transcripts was higher in aerobic cultures than in anaerobic cultures. Many genes involved in mitochondrial functions showed a transcriptional response to elevated CO(2) concentrations. This is consistent with an uncoupling effect of CO(2) and/or intracellular bicarbonate on the mitochondrial inner membrane. Other transcripts that showed a significant transcriptional response to elevated CO(2) included NCE103 (probably encoding carbonic anhydrase), PCK1 (encoding PEP carboxykinase) and members of the IMD gene family (encoding isozymes of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase).
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, Delft University of Technology, Julianalaan 67, 2628 BC Delft, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aguilera
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Petit
authors.forename: Johannes H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: de Winde
authors.forename: Jack T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Pronk
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003470:Culture Media; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D016681:Genome, Fungal; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D002245:Carbon Dioxide