title: Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome due to anticonvulsants in a two-year-old boy.
abstract: Drug-induced hypersensitivity syndrome (DIHS) usually refers to severe cutaneous drug eruption associated with systemic involvement and potentially fatal outcome. We report a 2-year-old Caucasian boy who developed DIHS due to phenytoin and phenobarbital and who showed extensive internal organ involvement. We are alerting that failure to recognize this drug eruption and discontinue the culprit drug may result in increased severity, greater extent of internal organ involvement, and fatal outcome. The recent research about the influence of human herpesvirus 6 co-infection on the pathogenesis of DIHS is also discussed by the authors in this paper.
authors.affiliation: Dermatology Unit, Complexo Hospitalar Padre Bento de Guarulhos, Brazil.
authors.forename: Paulo Ricardo
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Criado
authors.forename: Roberta F J
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Criado
authors.forename: Cidia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vasconcellos
authors.forename: Jose Roberto P
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Pegas
authors.forename: Patrícia Calil
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Cera
mesh_terms: D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003875:Drug Eruptions / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010634:Phenobarbital / Q000009:adverse effects; D010672:Phenytoin / Q000009:adverse effects; D012640:Seizures / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D010672:Phenytoin; D010634:Phenobarbital