title: Bone tissue engineering on amorphous carbonated apatite and crystalline octacalcium phosphate-coated titanium discs.
abstract: Poor fixation of bone replacement implants, e.g. the artificial hip, in implantation sites with inferior bone quality and quantity may be overcome by the use of implants coated with a cultured living bone equivalent. In this study, we tested, respectively, amorphous carbonated apatite (CA)- and crystalline octacalcium phosphate (OCP)-coated discs for their use in bone tissue engineering. Subcultured rat bone marrow cells were seeded on the substrates and after 7 days of culture, the implants were subcutaneously implanted in nude mice for 4 weeks. After 7 days of culture, the cells had formed a continuous multi-layer that covered the entire surface of the substrates. The amount of cells was visually higher on the crystalline OCP-coated discs compared to the amorphous CA-coated discs. Furthermore, the amorphous CA-coated discs exhibited a visually higher amount of mineralized extracellular matrix compared to the crystalline OCP-coated discs. After 4 weeks of implantation, clear de novo bone formation was observed on all discs with cultured cells. The newly formed bone on the crystalline OCP-coated discs was more organized and revealed a significantly higher volume compared to the amorphous CA-coated discs. The percentage of bone contact with the discs was also significantly higher on the OCP-coated discs. Overall, the results suggest that a crystalline OCP coating is more suitable for bone tissue engineering than an amorphous CA coating.
authors.affiliation: iBME, University of Twente, J. van Gulikstraat 29, 4205 GD Gorinchem, The Netherlands. robert.dekker@rivm.nl
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Dekker
authors.forename: Joost D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: de Bruijn
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stigter
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Barrere
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Layrolle
authors.forename: Clemens A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: van Blitterswijk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001031:Apatites / Q000737:chemistry*; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D001031:Apatites; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; C022045:octacalcium phosphate; C030782:carboapatite; D014025:Titanium