title: The role of heparanase in lymph node metastatic dissemination: dynamic contrast-enhanced MRI of Eb lymphoma in mice.
abstract: Heparanase expression has been linked to increased tumor invasion, metastasis, and angiogenesis and with poor prognosis. The aim of the study was to monitor the effect of heparanase expression on lymph node metastasis, in heparanase-overexpressing subcutaneous Eb mouse T-lymphoma tumors, and their draining lymph node. Dynamic contrast-enhanced magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) using biotin-BSA-GdDTPA-FAM/ROX was applied for analysis of blood volume, vascular permeability, and interstitial convection, and for detection of very early stages of such metastatic dissemination. Eb tumors increased extravasation, interstitial convection, and lymphatic drain of the contrast material. Interstitial flow directions were mapped by showing radial outflow interrupted in some tumors by directional flow toward the popliteal lymph node. Heparanase expression significantly increased contrast enhancement of the popliteal lymph node but not of the primary tumor. Changes in MR contrast enhancement preceded the formation of pathologically detectable metastases, and were detectable when only a few enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-expressing Eb cells were found near and within the nodes. These results demonstrate very early, heparanase-dependent vascular changes in lymph nodes that were visible by MRI following administration of biotin-BSA-GdDTPA-FAM/ROX, and can be used for studying the initial stages of lymph node infiltration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Regulation, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
authors.forename: Hagit
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dafni
authors.forename: Batya
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Keren
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ziv
authors.forename: Tomer
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Israely
authors.forename: Orit
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Goldshmidt
authors.forename: Nava
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nevo
authors.forename: Alon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Harmelin
authors.forename: Israel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vlodavsky
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Neeman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001710:Biotin / Q000494:pharmacology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA / Q000494:pharmacology; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D010539:Permeability; D013997:Time Factors; D014162:Transfection; D000099175:Heparanase
chemical_list: D001710:Biotin; D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D005966:Glucuronidase; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D000099175:Heparanase