title: TEC-family kinases: regulators of T-helper-cell differentiation.
abstract: The TEC-family protein tyrosine kinases ITK, RLK and TEC have been identified as key components of T-cell-receptor signalling that contribute to the regulation of phospholipase C-gamma, the mobilization of Ca(2+) and the activation of mitogen-activated protein kinases. Recent data also show that TEC kinases contribute to T-cell-receptor-driven actin reorganization and cell polarization, which are required for productive T-cell activation. Functional studies have implicated TEC kinases as important mediators of pathways that control the differentiation of CD4(+) T helper cells. Here, we review studies of signalling pathways that involve TEC kinases and how these pathways might contribute to the regulation of T-helper-cell differentiation and function.
authors.affiliation: National Human Genome Research Institute, National Institutes of Health, 4A38/49 Convent Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. pams@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Pamela L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Schwartzberg
authors.forename: Lisa D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Finkelstein
authors.forename: Julie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Readinger
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D050990:GATA3 Transcription Factor; D006801:Humans; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D006377:T-Lymphocytes, Helper-Inducer / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050990:GATA3 Transcription Factor; C494749:GATA3 protein, human; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; C089848:Tec protein-tyrosine kinase; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C080813:emt protein-tyrosine kinase