title: Successful pregnancy after the vitrification of zygotes using commercial vitrification solutions and conventional straws to protect against infections in liquid nitrogen.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report on successful birth after the transfer of postthawed human zygotes that were vitrified using a conventional straw for the purpose of protecting them from infections and a low-toxicity cryoprotectant that is commercially sold.
  
  
  METHODS
  A primary infertile couple presented at our IVF program. After being checked for fertilization, the embryos were not transferred to the uterus at that cycle. Instead, all of them were cryopreserved at the 2-pronuclei stage using our original vitrification method. After the vitrification and warming of four zygotes, two embryos were transferred into the uterus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-one 2-pronuclei embryos were vitrified in liquid nitrogen. After 2 embryos were thawed and transferred, successful pregnancy was the outcome, and a healthy boy was born at term.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vitrification is a simple procedure and requires less time than slow freezing. Vitrification of zygotes in a conventional straw seems to be sufficient for viability and works to store the zygotes safely.
authors.affiliation: St. Luke clinic. 5, Tomioka, Tsumori, Oita 870-0947, Japan. lukelab@oct-net.ne.jp
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kumasako
authors.forename: Mami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kumon
authors.forename: Takafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Utsunomiya
authors.forename: Yasuhisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Araki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015925:Cryopreservation / Q000379:methods*; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D014021:Tissue Preservation / Q000379:methods*; D015053:Zygote