title: PROGINS Alu sequence insertion is associated with hyperprolactinaemia but not leiomyoma susceptibility.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Leiomyoma and hyperprolactinaemia are both progesterone-dependent diseases. Hormone-related genes, such as the progesterone receptor (PGR), might be involved in their pathogenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects were divided into three groups: (i) leiomyoma (n = 120); (ii) hyperprolactinaemia (n = 101); (iii) normal controls (n = 140). We investigated the Alu (306-bp DNA) insertion in intron G of the PGR gene in all individuals. PGR gene polymorphisms [T1 (wild-type); T2 (PROGINS, with Alu insertion)] were determined by PCR and electrophoresis. Genotype and allele frequencies of the PROGINS in each group were detected and compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We observed no significant difference of the PGR*T1/T2 genotypes and allele frequencies between leiomyoma and other two groups. The proportions of T1 homozygote/heterozygote/T2 homozygote in each group were (i) 90/8.3/1.7%; (ii) 84.2/9.9/5.9%; (iii) 92.9/6.4/0.7%. In contrast, a higher percentage of T2-related genotype and allele were noted in hyperprolactinaemic women compared to other two groups. The proportions of T1/T2 alleles in each group were: (i) 94.2/5.8%; (ii) 89.1/10.9%; (iii) 96.1/3.9%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PROGIN*T2-related genotype and allele are related to a higher susceptibility to hyperprolactinaemia. The PROGINS polymorphism is not associated with leiomyoma development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, 75 Po-Ai Street, Hsinchu 300, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yao-Yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Ian-Pan
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Hsin-I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chi-Chen
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Ching-Wei
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Chich-Sheng
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D020087:Alu Elements; D044466:Asian People; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D006966:Hyperprolactinemia / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics*; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000235:genetics*; D013624:Taiwan; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D011980:Receptors, Progesterone