title: Gynecologic cancer treatment and the impact of cancer-related infertility.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to empirically assess the emotional and sexual impact of cancer-related infertility in women with a history of gynecologic cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women with a history of gynecologic cancer were approached during their gynecologic oncology clinic appointment; they were provided a description of the study and asked to participate. All participants completed a one-time self-report survey. We present data acquired via the following methods: Center for Epidemiologic Studies-Depression Scale (CES-D), Impact of Events Scale (IES), Modified Inventory of Traumatic Grief (M-ITG), Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI), and the Menopausal Symptom Checklist.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study sample consisted of 20 women, ages 27 to 49 years (mean, approximately 40 years), who had undergone treatment for cervical (40%), ovarian (20%), or uterine (40%) cancer. Forty percent of the sample reported depressive symptoms as measured by the CES-D, with 35% of the women experiencing moderate to severe levels of distress as measured by the IES. The women in this sample experienced dissatisfaction with their overall sex lives (67%), pain during vaginal penetration (62%), and low levels of sexual desire (56%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The preliminary findings of this study indicated that feelings of depression, grief, stress, and sexual dysfunction are being experienced by women with a history of gynecologic cancer who have lost their fertility as a result of their cancer treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10021, USA. gynbreast@mskcc.org
authors.forename: Jeanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carter
authors.forename: Katherine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rowland
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chi
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Nadeem
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abu-Rustum
authors.forename: Mercedes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castiel
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barakat
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003863:Depression / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology* / Q000601:surgery*; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires