Vaccination-induced cutaneous pseudolymphoma.
BACKGROUND
Although mild early cutaneous transient reactions to vaccinations are common, late-onset chronic lesions have been scarcely reported. We report herein a series of 9 patients presenting with cutaneous and subcutaneous pseudolymphoma.


METHODS
Nine patients presenting with late-onset, chronic skin lesions occurring at the site of antihepatitis B (8 cases) and antihepatitis A (one case) vaccination were reported. Histopathologic and immunohistochemic studies, and molecular analysis of clonality of skin biopsy specimens, were performed. Furthermore, the presence of vaccine products was investigated in skin lesions by using histochemical, microanalytic, and electronic microscopy techniques.


RESULTS
Histopathologic studies showed dermal and hypodermal lymphocytic follicular infiltrates with germinal center formation. The center of follicles was mostly composed of B cells without atypia, whereas CD4+ T cells were predominant at the periphery. Molecular analysis of clonality revealed a polyclonal pattern of B-cell and T-cell subsets. Aluminium deposits were evidenced in all cases by using histochemical staining in all cases, and by microanalysis and ultrastructural studies in one case. Associated manifestations were vitiligo (one case) and chronic fatigue with myalgia (two cases).


CONCLUSIONS
Cutaneous lymphoid hyperplasia is a potential adverse effect of vaccinations including aluminium hydroxide as an adjuvant. Further prospective studies are warranted to evaluate the incidence of this complication in the immunized population.
Maubec
Eve
E
Institut de Recherche sur la Peau, Université Paris 7, Paris, France.
Pinquier
Laure
L
Viguier
Manuelle
M
Caux
Frédéric
F
Amsler
Emmanuelle
E
Aractingi
Sélim
S
Chafi
Hafid
H
Janin
Anne
A
Cayuela
Jean-Michel
JM
Dubertret
Louis
L
Authier
François-Jérôme
FJ
Bachelez
Hervé
H
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D022362:Hepatitis A Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019310:Pseudolymphoma / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology
D022362:Hepatitis A Vaccines; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines