title: Risk factors for the recurrence of hepatocellular carcinoma after radiofrequency ablation of hepatocellular carcinoma in patients with hepatitis C.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the risk factors of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) recurrence after radiofrequency ablation (RFA) treatment with HCV-associated hepatitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six patients with HCV-associated HCC who were followed-up for more than 12 mo were selected for this study. Risk factors for distant intrahepatic recurrences of HCC were evaluated for patients in whom complete coagulation was achieved without recurrence in the same subsegment as the primary nodule. Twelve clinical and tumoral factors were examined: Age, gender, nodule diameter, number of primary HCC nodule, Child-Pugh classification, serum platelet, serum albumin, serum AST, post RFA AST, serum ALT, post RFA ALT, post RFA treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Distant recurrences of HCC in remnant liver after RFA were observed in 14 cases and in the number of primary HCC nodules (P = 0.047), and the serum platelets (P = 0.030), the clear difference came out by the recurrence group and the non-recurrence group. The cumulative recurrence rates after 1 and 2 years were 30.8% and 86.8%, respectively for primary multinodular HCC, and 15.4% and 29.5% respectively, for primary uninodular HCC. In addition the 1-year recurrence rates for patients with serum albumin more than 3.4 g/dL and less than 3.4 g/dL were 23.1% for both, but the 2-years recurrence rates were 89.0% and 23.1%, respectively. The number of primary HCC nodules (relative risk, 6.970; P = 0.016) were found to be a statistically significant predictor for poor distant intrahepatic recurrence by univariate analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients who have multiple HCC nodules, low serum platelets and low serum albumin accompanied by HCV infection, should be carefully followed because of the high incidence of new HCC lesions in the remnant liver, even if coagulation RFA is complete.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, Mie University School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie, Japan.
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamanaka
authors.forename: Katsuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiraki
authors.forename: Kazumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyashita
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawakita
authors.forename: Yumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Saitou
authors.forename: Norihiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Atsuhiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakatsuka
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamakado
authors.forename: Kan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery* / Q000821:virology; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D005260:Female; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology*; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors