title: Short-term impact of a national dental education program on children's oral health and knowledge.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this four-week, examiner-blind study was to determine the impact of an educational oral health program conducted within a Boys and Girls Club of America in Chicago, Illinois, USA. The educational program focused on the gingival health (gingivitis and plaque) of participating children who were between the ages of six and 15.
  
  
  METHODS
  The multi-week program taught the participants the basics of oral biology and disease, as well as proper oral health prevention, including oral hygiene, dietary modification, and the importance of visiting the dentist. A calibrated examiner measured whole mouth Löe-Silness Gingival Index (GI) and Turesky Modification of Quigley-Hein Plaque Index (PI) at baseline (immediately prior to the initiation of the educational program) and four weeks later. The primary efficacy analysis was based on the change from baseline for 90 subjects who were enrolled at baseline, participated in the educational program, and were examined four weeks later. In addition, subjects completed five questions at baseline and at four weeks to assess their oral health knowledge before and after exposure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean baseline GI score was 0.184, while the four-week mean GI score was reduced to 0.140. This represents a 24% reduction in GI score, with p < 0.001. The mean baseline bleeding site score was 9.99, while the four-week mean bleeding score was reduced to 7.97. This represents a 20% reduction in bleeding sites, with p = 0.005. The mean baseline PI score was 3.06, while the four-week mean PI score was reduced to 2.97. This represents a 3% reduction in PI score with p = 0.044. The subject population was found to have statistically significantly (p < 0.001) greater knowledge following the program at week four, with 37% (33 of 90) and 69% (62 of 90) of subjects answering the questions correctly at baseline and week four, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Collectively, these data support the role of an educational program in promoting improved oral health in these children over a four-week period.
authors.affiliation: The Procter and Gamble Company, Health Care Research Center, Mason, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Aaron R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Biesbrock
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Walters
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Bartizek
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002641:Chicago; D002648:Child; D003729:Dental Care; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000517:prevention & control; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000517:prevention & control; D015438:Health Behavior; D006267:Health Education, Dental; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009909:Oral Health; D009910:Oral Hygiene; D010512:Periodontal Index; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods