title: High-spatial-resolution MR imaging of focal breast masses: interpretation model based on kinetic and morphological parameters.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess a new interpretation model combining kinetic pattern and morphologic characteristics using high-spatial-resolution MR imaging.
  
  
  METHODS
  Breast MR imaging was performed in 58 patients with 63 pathologically proved focal breast masses (49 malignant and 14 benign). MR imaging was performed on a 1.5-Tesla system using the volumetric interpolated breath-hold examination (VIBE) sequence. Morphological parameters were lesion shape, mass margin, rim enhancement (RE), enhancing internal septations, and internal signal on T2-weighted images. Lesion shape/margin was classified into four categories as follows: smooth (smooth/round or smooth/oval), lobulated (lobular shape), irregular (irregular margin or irregular shape), and spiculated (spiculated margin). RE was sub-classified as early RE at 60 sec and delayed RE at 4 min. Strongly high signal and the presence of internal black septations were evaluated over the entire lesion on T2-weighted images. The kinetic parameter was visually assessed as follows: washout, plateau, and progressive.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most frequent types of lesion shape/margin in the malignant lesions were irregular (47%) and spiculated (43%), whereas 13 of the benign lesions had smooth or lobular margins (93%). The most frequent characteristics in breast cancers with lobulated configuration were washout pattern (80%), whereas 78% of the lobulated benign lesions were negative for visual washout. The positive predictive value (PPV) was 98% (49/50).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  "Washout with enhancing septations" is thought be specific for carcinoma with a lobulated configuration (80%). A combination of morphological criteria (including lesion shape/margins, strongly high signal on T2-weighted images) and visual washout is useful for differentiating between benign and malignant lesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tozaki
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Igarashi
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsushima
authors.forename: Kunihiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukuda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity