title: Effect of IL-4 and IL-13 on collagen production in cultured LI90 human hepatic stellate cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recently, it has been reported that interleukin 4 (IL-4) and 13 (IL-13) directly activate fibroblasts and promote fibrosis. In the process of hepatic fibrosis, the effects of these cytokines on hepatic stellate cells (HSCs) are not well known.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated the effects of IL-4 and IL-13 on the collagen production and the proliferation of LI90, a hepatic stellate cell line. We also examined whether interferon (IFN) interferes with the expression of collagen, since IFN has been reported to clinically suppress hepatic fibrosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The receptor complex for IL-4 and IL-13 was IL-4Ralpha/IL-13Ralpha1 on LI90 cells, and the phosphorylation of Stat6 was induced by IL-4 and IL-13. The treatment of LI90 cells with IL-4 or IL-13 increased the production of collagen I protein levels by nearly three times in comparison with untreated cells. Collagen mRNA levels were increased roughly 10-fold by IL-4 and 100-fold by IL-13. Interestingly, BrdU incorporation in LI90 cells was decreased by IL-4 or IL-13 treatment. Furthermore, induction of collagen I production by these cytokines was blocked by IFNalpha or IFNbeta treatment, although neither treatment alone suppressed collagen production.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data suggested that IL-4 and IL-13 directly affected HSCs by increasing collagen production and suppressing cell proliferation. The anti-fibrogenetic effect of IFN may be due in part to the blockade of IL-4 and IL-13 stimulation of HSCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: Munechika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Enjoji
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamuta
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Motoyuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kohjima
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuniyoshi
authors.forename: Eiichiro
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arimura
authors.forename: Shusuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morizono
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kotoh
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nawata
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D015153:Blotting, Western; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000187:drug effects; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D018793:Interleukin-13 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000473:pathology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011336:Probability; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D012016:Reference Values; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D018793:Interleukin-13; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D015847:Interleukin-4; D003094:Collagen