Deficiencies of physiologic calcification inhibitors and low-grade inflammation in arterial calcification: lessons for cartilage calcification.
Apart from clinical parallels, similarities in the pathogenesis of arterial and articular cartilage calcification have come to light in recent years. These include the roles of aging, of chronic low-grade inflammation and of genetic and acquired dysregulation of inorganic pyrophosphate (PP(i)) metabolism. This review focuses on recent developments in understanding the pathogenesis of artery calcification pertinent to interpretation of the mechanistic basis for articular cartilage calcification in aging and osteoarthritis.
Rutsch
Frank
F
Klinik und Poliklinik für Kinder- und Jugendmedizin, Universitätsklinikum Münster, Albert-Schweitzer-Strasse 33, D-48149 Münster, Germany. rutschf@uni-muenster.de
Terkeltaub
Robert
R
D001158:Arteries; D001167:Arteritis / Q000150:complications*; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000172:deficiency; D002358:Cartilage, Articular; D002805:Chondrocalcinosis / Q000209:etiology*; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000172:deficiency; D006801:Humans; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000172:deficiency; D011755:Pyrophosphatases / Q000172:deficiency; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D000097568:Matrix Gla Protein
D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D011755:Pyrophosphatases; D000097568:Matrix Gla Protein; C065962:ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase 1