title: Oliguria, volume overload, Na+ balance, and diuretics.
abstract: This article discusses the pathophysiology and treatment of common fluid and electrolyte disorders in the ICU. The presence of oliguria should alert the intensivist to identify the underlying cause rather than to resort reflexively to measures, such as diuretics or dopamine, to establish urine flow. Hypo- and hypernatremia, which are exceedingly commonly in the ICU setting, also are discussed using a pathophysiologic approach.
authors.affiliation: The Everett Clinic, 3901 Hoyt Avenue, Everett, WA 98201, USA. sanju3@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Sanjay
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Subramanian
authors.forename: Tomasz M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Ziedalski
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers; D004232:Diuretics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007010:Hyponatremia / Q000503:physiopathology; D009846:Oliguria / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D014883:Water-Electrolyte Imbalance / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004232:Diuretics