title: Activation of platelet-rich plasma using thrombin receptor agonist peptide.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study proposes an alternative preparation method of platelet-rich plasma (PRP). Specifically, we compare the use of thrombin receptor agonist peptide-6 (TRAP) and bovine thrombin as a clotting agent in the preparation of PRP.
  
  
  METHODS
  PRP was prepared by centrifugation and clotted with thrombin or TRAP. In vitro clotting times were monitored as a function of TRAP concentration, and clot retraction was determined by measuring clot diameter over time. Following the optimization of TRAP concentration, experiments were repeated with the addition of several commercially available bone substitutes. The release of PRP-relevant growth factors as a function of PRP preparation was also determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most rapid polymerization of PRP takes place with the addition of thrombin, followed by TRAP/Allogro (Ceramed, Lakewood, CO), TRAP/BioGlass (Mo-Sci, Rolla, MN), TRAP/BioOss (Osteohealth, Shirley, NY), and TRAP alone. Thrombin caused considerable clot retraction (43%), whereas TRAP alone resulted in only 15% retraction. TRAP/Allogro, TRAP/BioOss, and TRAP/BioGlass all exhibited minimal retraction (8%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of TRAP to activate clot formation in the preparation of PRP may be a safe alternative to bovine thrombin. It results in an excellent working time and significantly less clot retraction than the currently available methods of PRP production.
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, School of Dental and Oral Surgery, Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. rl351@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Landesberg
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pinsky
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vo
authors.forename: Sidney B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Eisig
authors.forename: Helen H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001777:Blood Coagulation; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002417:Cattle; D002516:Ceramics; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010949:Plasma / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013917:Thrombin / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: C022107:Bioglass; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010982:Platelet-Derived Growth Factor; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C072032:thrombin receptor peptide (42-55); D013917:Thrombin