title: The mode of delivery of parenteral multivitamins influences nutrient handling in an animal model of total parenteral nutrition.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Very low birthweight preterm infants receive early total parenteral nutrition (TPN) to optimize protein balance. Adding multivitamins (MVP) to the lipid emulsion (MVP+LIP) rather than to the amino acid+dextrose moiety of TPN (AA+MVP) limits the effects of light exposure on lipid peroxidation and vitamin loss.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Compare the effects of the mode of delivery of MVP on nutrient handling and indices of oxidant stress.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three-day old guinea pig pups were assigned to TPN containing MVP+amino acids+dextrose+heparin and electrolytes, with lipids provided separately (AA+MVP). Solutions were light exposed (LE, n = 8) or light protected (LP, n = 9). In a further group (n = 7), MVP was co-administered with the lipid moiety and light exposed (LIP+MVP). Variables measured in urine (creatinine, nitrogen, vitamin C) and in liver (protein, glutathione, isoprostane, vitamins A, E, C) were compared by ANOVA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Urinary nitrogen and vitamin C were higher (P<0.05) during LE, while hepatic levels of vitamin C were higher (P<0.05) with LIP+MVP. These results were not related to total peroxide levels in TPN or to markers of oxidant stress. CONCLUSION. Co-administration of MVP with lipid or light protected amino acids offers comparable beneficial effects on nitrogen and vitamin C metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Children's and Women's Health Centre of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada.
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chessex
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Friel
authors.forename: Adele
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: Thérèse
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rouleau
authors.forename: Jean-Claude
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lavoie
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D004355:Drug Stability; D004356:Drug Storage; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D008027:Light / Q000009:adverse effects; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000528:radiation effects; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D023421:Models, Animal; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000652:urine; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010289:Parenteral Nutrition, Total; D010545:Peroxides / Q000633:toxicity; D010777:Photochemistry; D012996:Solutions; D014815:Vitamins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005217:Fat Emulsions, Intravenous; D010545:Peroxides; D012996:Solutions; D014815:Vitamins; D009584:Nitrogen; D001205:Ascorbic Acid