title: Aortic sclerosis: not an innocent murmur but a marker of increased cardiovascular risk.
abstract: The detection of an ejection systolic murmur in the aortic valve region often corresponds to a diagnosis of aortic sclerosis or minor disruption of the aortic valve with associated turbulence but minimal obstruction. Aortic sclerosis has two important clinical implications. Firstly, aortic sclerosis is an antecedent to clinically significant aortic valve obstruction and, secondly, it acts as a marker of increased risk of cardiovascular events. This article reviews the evidence that aortic sclerosis is a useful adjunctive tool in cardiovascular risk stratification and that its progression to haemodynamically significant aortic stenosis is a potential focus for individual monitoring and for interventional studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, The Queen Elizabeth Hospital, The University of Adelaide, Adelaide, Australia. drangus@doctors.org.uk
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Nightingale
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Horowitz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000473:pathology*; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D015415:Biomarkers; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods; D006337:Heart Murmurs / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012598:Sclerosis / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers