title: Efficacy of epidermal growth factor receptor-targeted molecular therapy in anaplastic thyroid cancer cell lines.
abstract: Anaplastic thyroid cancer is one of the most aggressive human malignancies and the outcomes of conventional therapy have been far from satisfactory. Recently, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-targeted therapy has been introduced as an alternative therapeutic strategy for highly malignant cancers. This study was undertaken to investigate the expression of EGFR in anaplastic thyroid cancer cell lines, and to explore the potential of therapies targeting EGFR as a new therapeutic approach. EGFR was universally expressed in anaplastic cancer cell lines at a variety of levels. Specific EGFR stimulation with epidermal growth factor showed significant phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and Akt, and resulted in marked growth stimulation in an anaplastic thyroid cancer cell line, which highly expressed EGFR. This EGFR-transmitted proliferation effect of the cancer cell line was completely inhibited by gefitinib, an EGFR tyrosine kinase inhibitor. Moreover, growth of xenografts inoculated in mice was inhibited in a dose-dependent manner with 25-50 mg kg(-1) of gefitinib administrated orally. Inhibition of EGFR-transmitted growth stimulation by gefitinib was clearly observed in anaplastic thyroid cancer cell lines. Our results suggested that EGFR-targeted therapy, such as gefitinib, might be worth further investigation for the treatment of anaplastic thyroid cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Oncology, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-4-3, Asahi-machi, Abeno-ku, Osaka 545-8585, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nobuhara
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Onoda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ogisawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takashima
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirakawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000032:analysis / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D005260:Female; D000077156:Gefitinib; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011799:Quinazolines; D066246:ErbB Receptors; C494918:AKT1 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D000077156:Gefitinib