title: Hypercoagulable states: a review.
abstract: Vascular surgeons are often asked to evaluate patients with recurrent thromboses or thromboses in unusual locations either arterial or venous. There may be obvious inciting factors, but in many of these patients the possibility of a previously undiagnosed hypercoagulable state must be considered. Hypercoagulable states can be acquired (smoking, medication, change in physiologic status as occurs with pregnancy) or congenital. Congenital hypercoagulable disorders are more prevalent in families or patients with a history of thromboembolic events early in life or multiple miscarriages and include conditions such as protein C or S deficiencies, factor V Leiden mutation, and prothrombin gene variant. This article reviews the hypercoagulable states that are encountered in clinical practice as well as guidelines for testing and goals of therapy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Vascular Surgery, University of Missouri Health Care, Columbia, MO, USA.
authors.forename: Colleen M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Mureebe
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Silver
mesh_terms: D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000009:adverse effects; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000150:complications; D001780:Blood Coagulation Tests; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009336:Necrosis / Q000139:chemically induced; D011247:Pregnancy; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D019851:Thrombophilia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D003276:Contraceptives, Oral