Seroprevalence of antibodies against varicella-zoster virus and response to the varicella vaccine in pediatric renal transplant patients.
The severity of varicella-zoster virus (VZV) in immunocompromised children, especially in those receiving renal transplants, is well known. However, the use of live attenuated virus vaccine in this population is controversial. This study aimed to: (i) assess the immunization status of pediatric renal transplant recipients at our center; (ii) determine the anti-VZV antibody titers in such patients; (iii) evaluate the response to VZV vaccine in seronegative children and in those who present low antibody titers (defined as <500 mAU/mL). Vaccinated children were monitored for adverse effects for 8 wk after vaccination. Fifty patients with a mean age of 13.7 yr (range, 3-17 yr) were enrolled. In 49, blood samples were collected and antibodies were screened using ELISA. Seropositivity to VZV was found in 43 (88%), and antibody titers were >/=500 mAU/mL in 37 (75.5%). Of the 12 children who were eligible for vaccination and had antibody titers <500 mAU/mL, one developed varicella before vaccination, two did not meet the inclusion criteria, and three parents refused the vaccination. In the six vaccinated children, there were no adverse reactions to the vaccine, and four (66.6%) responded with anti-VZV titers >/=500 mAU/mL 6-8 wk after vaccination. In conclusion, after renal transplantation, varicella vaccine is safe with a 66% rate of conversion to high antibody titers.
Chaves
Tânia do Socorro Souza
Tdo S
Division of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Hospital das Clinicas, University of São Paulo School of Medicine, São Paulo, Brazil.
Lopes
Marta Heloisa
MH
de Souza
Vanda Akico Ueda Fick
VA
Dos Santos
Sigrid De Sousa
Sde S
Pereira
Lilian Monteiro
LM
Reis
Alexanda Dias
AD
David-Neto
Elias
E
D000293:Adolescent; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000097:blood; D016827:CD8 Antigens / Q000097:blood; D019433:Chickenpox Vaccine; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D014645:Herpesvirus 3, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D015704:CD4 Antigens; D016827:CD8 Antigens; D019433:Chickenpox Vaccine