title: Testicular microlithiasis in pediatric age group: ultrasonography findings and literature review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the occurrence of testicular microlithiasis in pediatric age group by means of ultrasonography (US) examinations and to review the literature for pediatric testicular microlithiasis cases accompanied by testicular and extratesticular tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine children aged 3-16 years (mean age, 9.2 years) with testicular microlithiasis had been evaluated with US in a period ranging from 6 months to 6 years. In addition to the testicular ultrasonographic evaluation, liver US and abdominopelvic US were performed in all patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Typical testicular microlithiasis findings were seen in a total of 17 testicles. In one patient, testis did not exist in either the scrotum or the inguinal canal or the abdomen unilaterally. None of the patients displayed a focal lesion during the evaluation. The abdominal ultrasonographic findings were normal in all patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although no tumoral lesion accompanying testicular microlithiasis or occurring in the course of evaluation was detected in this study, larger population and longer control periods are required, considering the co-existence of benign and malign lesions with testicular microlithiasis in the literature.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kocaoğlu
authors.forename: Uğur
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bozlar
authors.forename: Nail
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bulakbaşi
authors.forename: Mutlu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sağlam
authors.forename: Taner
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uçöz
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Somuncu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D020347:Lithiasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D011872:Radiology Department, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013733:Testicular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology; D014463:Ultrasonography