title: A contact-activated kinase signals Candida albicans invasive growth and biofilm development.
abstract: For mammalian cells, contact-dependent regulatory controls are crucially important for controlling cellular proliferation and preventing diseases such as cancer. Candida albicans, an opportunistic fungal pathogen that normally resides within a mammalian host, also exhibits contact-dependent cellular behaviors such as invasive hyphal growth and biofilm development. Results reported here demonstrate that, in C. albicans, physical contact results in activation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase Mkc1p. This kinase is part of the fungal cell integrity pathway, a signal transduction pathway known to be activated by cell wall stress. It is demonstrated here that Mkc1p is required for invasive hyphal growth and normal biofilm development. Therefore, Mkc1p signaling contributes to contact-dependent regulation. Because responding to contact appropriately allows coordinated cellular behavior in a metazoan, commensal C. albicans cells behave like a part of the host, using contact-activated signaling to regulate fungal behavior.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Tufts University School of Medicine, 136 Harrison Avenue, Boston, MA 02111, USA. carol.kumamoto@tufts.edu
authors.forename: Carol A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Kumamoto
mesh_terms: D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development*; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D025141:Drug Resistance, Fungal; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D025301:Hyphae / Q000254:growth & development / Q000472:pathogenicity; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005656:Fungal Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C077336:CZF1 protein, Candida albicans; D015725:Fluconazole; C092603:MKC1 protein, Candida albicans; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases