title: Single nucleotide polymorphisms of the IL18 gene are associated with atopic eczema.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human IL-18 is an inflammatory cytokine that plays a role in atopic diseases, such as atopic eczema (AE), by enhancing IL-4 and IL-13 production and stimulating the synthesis of IgE.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate associations of polymorphisms in the IL18 gene on chromosome 11q22 with AE, we performed genotyping for single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the IL18 gene in 225 patients with AE and 175 healthy control volunteers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genotyping was performed by means of restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analyses revealed significant associations of SNPs +113[t/g] and +127[c/t] in exon 1, -137[g/c] in promoter region 1, and -133[c/g] in promoter region 2 with AE. These associations were not directly dependent on a specific subtype of AE or the concomitant manifestation of allergic rhinitis or asthma. On the functional level, the amount of IL-18 in the supernatants of PBMCs of patients with AE stimulated with Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin B was significantly higher than that in healthy control subjects. In parallel, the amount of active IL-18 in the sera of patients with AE was enhanced at the exacerbation of their disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, our data suggest that SNPs in the IL18 gene might be involved in the development of AE by contributing to a functional dysregulation of the IL-18 production in vivo .
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Bonn, Sigmund-Freud-Strasse 25, 53105 Bonn, Germany. Natalija.Novak@ukb.uni-bonn.de
authors.forename: Natalija
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Novak
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kruse
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Potreck
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Maintz
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Jenneck
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Weidinger
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fimmers
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bieber
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002880:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D020382:Interleukin-18; D018664:Interleukin-12; D007073:Immunoglobulin E