title: Methodological considerations in rat brain BOLD contrast pharmacological MRI.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Blood oxygen level dependent (BOLD) contrast pharmacological magnetic resonance imaging (phMRI) is an increasingly popular technique that allows the non-invasive investigation of spatial and temporal changes in rat brain function in response to pharmacological stimulation in vivo. Rat brain BOLD contrast phMRI is, at present, established in few neuropharmacological laboratories, and various issues associated with the technique require attention. The present review is primarily aimed at psychopharmacologists with no previous experience of phMRI, who are interested in the practical aspects that phMRI studies entail.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Experimental and analytical considerations, including anaesthesia, physiological monitoring, drug dose and delivery, scanning protocols, statistical approaches and the interpretation of phMRI data, are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Neuroscience, Sir Peter Mansfield Magnetic Resonance Centre, University of Nottingham, University Park, Nottingham, NG7 2RD, UK. mbxcas@nottingham.ac.uk
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Steward
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Marsden
authors.forename: M J W
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Prior
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: Y B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Shah
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen