title: Use of combined intracorporal injection and a phosphodiesterase-5 inhibitor therapy for men with a suboptimal response to sildenafil and/or vardenafil monotherapy after radical retropubic prostatectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report experience with combined therapy using intracorporal injection (ICI) of alprostadil and oral phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE-5) inhibitors for the minimally invasive treatment of erectile dysfunction (ED) after radical prostatectomy (RP), as PDE-5 inhibitors are effective but a few patients may have a suboptimal response.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a retrospective study, 34 men (aged 46-66 years) had a nerve-sparing retropubic RP and subsequent ED. Patients were titrated on sildenafil citrate or vardenafil to maximum doses. All had a suboptimal response after a maximum of eight doses of oral therapy and were then treated with ICI therapy using 15 or 20 microg alprostadil. Erectile function was assessed with the Sexual Health Inventory for Men (SHIM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 32 patients who continued combined therapy, 22 (68%) had an improvement in erectile function after ICI therapy, as assessed by the SHIM score. On follow-up, 36% of these patients used ICI therapy only intermittently, instead of regularly, as they felt that this was adequate enough for good results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PDE-5 oral pharmacotherapy is the most commonly used effective therapy for ED but may not be as effective in patients who have radical surgery; the addition of testosterone patches may have side-effects or be considered a risk in patients with a history of prostate cancer. The use of ICI therapy as an adjunct or maintenance therapy to their oral medication may be another alternative in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA. jmydlo@astro.temple.edu
authors.forename: Jack H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Mydlo
authors.forename: Rosalia
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Viterbo
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Crispen
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000368:Aged; D000527:Alprostadil / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018783:Impotence, Vasculogenic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D011687:Purines; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013450:Sulfones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014227:Triazines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000069058:Vardenafil Dihydrochloride; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D007093:Imidazoles; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D010879:Piperazines; D011687:Purines; D013450:Sulfones; D014227:Triazines; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D000069058:Vardenafil Dihydrochloride; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D000527:Alprostadil