title: Using laser scanning cytometry to measure PPAR-mediated peroxisome proliferation and beta oxidation.
abstract: Laser scanning cytometry (LSC) is a new technology that combines the properties and advantages of flow cytometry (FC) and immunohistochemistry (IHC), thus providing qualitative and quantitative information on protein expression with the additional perspective provided by cell and tissue localization. Formalin-fixed, paraffin embedded liver sections from rats exposed to a Peroxisome Proliferator Activated Receptor (PPAR) agonist were stained with antibodies against peroxisomal targeting signal-1 (PTS-1) (a highly conserved tripeptide contained within all peroxisomal enzymes), Acyl CoA oxidase (AOX) (the rate limiting enzyme of peroxisomal beta oxidation), and catalase (an inducible peroxisomal antioxidant enzyme) to evaluate peroxisomal beta oxidation, oxidative stress, and peroxisome proliferation. The LSC showed increased AOX, catalase, and PTS-1 expression in centrilobular hepatocytes that correlated favorably with the microscopic observation of centrilobular hepatocellular hypertrophy and with the palmitoyl CoA biochemical assay for peroxisomal beta oxidation, and provided additional morphologic information about peroxisome proliferation and tissue patterns of activation. Therefore, the LSC provides qualitative and quantitative evaluation of peroxisome activity with similar sensitivity but higher throughput than the traditional biochemical methods. The additional benefits of the LSC include the direct correlation between histopathologic observations and peroxisomal alterations and the potential utilization of archived formalin-fixed tissues from a variety of organs and species.
authors.affiliation: Pfizer Global Research and Development, Eastern Point Road, Groton, Connecticut 06340-8014, USA. ingrid_m.pruimboom-brees@groton.pfizer.com
authors.forename: Ingrid M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Pruimboom-Brees
authors.forename: Dominique J J E
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Brees
authors.forename: Amy C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Keener
authors.forename: Omar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Francone
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Amacher
authors.forename: James K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Loy
authors.forename: Roy L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Kerlin
mesh_terms: D042962:Acyl-CoA Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D047569:Laser Scanning Cytometry; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010171:Palmitoyl Coenzyme A / Q000378:metabolism; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D020025:Peroxisome Proliferators / Q000633:toxicity*; D020675:Peroxisomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015203:Reproducibility of Results
chemical_list: D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors; D020025:Peroxisome Proliferators; D010171:Palmitoyl Coenzyme A; D002374:Catalase; D042962:Acyl-CoA Oxidase