title: Short- and long-term beneficial effects of a combined dietary-behavioral-physical activity intervention for the treatment of childhood obesity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obesity has become the most common pediatric chronic disease in the modern era. Early prevention and treatment of childhood and adolescent obesity is mandated. Surprisingly, however, only a minor fraction of obese children participate in weight reduction interventions, and the longer-term effects of these weight-reduction interventions among children have not been elucidated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine prospectively the short- and long-term effects of a 3-month, combined dietary-behavioral-physical activity intervention on anthropometric measures, body composition, dietary and leisure-time habits, fitness, and lipid profiles among obese children.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this randomized prospective study, 24 obese subjects completed the 3-month intervention and were compared with 22 obese, age- and gender-matched, control subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 3 months, there were significant differences in changes in body weight (-2.8 +/- 2.3 kg vs 1.2 +/- 2.2 kg), BMI (-1.7 +/- 1.1 kg/m2 vs -0.2 +/- 1.0 kg/m2), body fat percentage (from skinfold tests; -3.3 +/- 2.6% vs 1.4 +/- 4.7%), serum total cholesterol level (-24.6 +/- 15.1 mg/dL vs 0.8 +/- 18.7 mg/dL), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol level (-23.3 +/- 15.2 mg/dL vs -3.7 +/- 17.3 mg/dL), and fitness (215 +/- 107 seconds vs 50 +/- 116 seconds) in the intervention group versus the control group. After a 1-year follow-up period, there were significant differences between the intervention group (n = 20) and the control group (n = 20) in body weight (0.6 +/- 6.0 kg vs 5.3 +/- 2.7 kg), BMI (-1.7 +/- 2.3 kg/m2 vs 0.6 +/- 0.9 kg/m2), and body fat percentage. There was a significant increase in leisure-time physical activity among the intervention participants, compared with a decrease among the control subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data demonstrate the short- and longer-term beneficial effects of a combined dietary-behavioral-physical activity intervention among obese children. These results highlight the importance of multidisciplinary programs for the treatment of childhood obesity and emphasize their encouraging long-term effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Child Health and Sports Center, Meir General Hospital, Kfar-Saba, Israel. nemet_d@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Nemet
authors.forename: Sivan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Barkan
authors.forename: Yoram
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Epstein
authors.forename: Orit
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Friedland
authors.forename: Galit
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kowen
authors.forename: Alon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eliakim
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001827:Body Height; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002648:Child; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015930:Diet Records; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000178:diet therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D010809:Physical Fitness; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids