title: Reproducibility of forearm vasodilator response to intra-arterial infusion of calcitonin gene-related peptide assessed by venous occlusion plethysmography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the reproducibility of the forearm blood flow (FBF) response to intra-arterial infusion of calcitonin-gene related peptide (CGRP), measured by venous occlusion plethysmography. In addition, to compare different ways of expressing the FBF response and perform sample size calculations.
  
  
  METHODS
  On two separate visits, CGRP (10 ng min(-1) dl(-1) forearm) was infused for 45 min into the brachial artery of six healthy subjects. Reproducibility was assessed by calculating mean difference, repeatability coefficient, within-subject coefficient of variation (WCV) and intraclass correlation coefficient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CGRP increased FBF from 2.8 +/- 0.4 and 3.2 +/- 0.7 (at baseline) to 15.4 +/- 1.4 and 15.2 +/- 1.5 ml min(-1) dl(-1) forearm (at 45 min) on visits 1 and 2, respectively (P < 0.0001 for both visits). Mean difference in FBF at 45 min between both visits was 0.3 ml min(-1) dl(-1) forearm (repeatability coefficient: 4.1 ml min(-1) dl(-1) forearm). This FBF response appeared to be more reproducible when expressed as absolute FBF in the infused arm (WCV 11%) compared with absolute FBF-ratio between both arms (WCV 37%), percentage change from baseline in FBF in the infused arm (WCV 29%) and percentage change from baseline in FBF-ratio (WCV 40%). When expressed as absolute FBF, a sample size of five (95% confidence interval: 2-12) subjects gives 90% power at a type I error probability of 0.05 to detect a 25% shift in FBF response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intra-arterial infusion of CGRP results in a forearm vasodilator response which is reproducible between days. This response is most reproducible when expressed as absolute FBF. The presented methodology provides a suitable pharmacodynamic model to assess the in vivo activity of CGRP-receptor antagonists in a small number of subjects.
authors.affiliation: Center for Clinical Pharmacology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg (K.U. Leuven), Leuven, Belgium. floris.vanmolkot@med.kuleuven.ac.be
authors.forename: Floris H M
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Vanmolkot
authors.forename: Jan N J M
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: de Hoon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm / Q000098:blood supply*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010991:Plethysmography; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide