title: A survey of publication bias within evolutionary ecology.
abstract: Publication bias has been recognized as a problem in ecology and evolution that can undermine reviews of research results. Unfortunately, direct tests of publication bias are extremely rare. Here, we quantify a well-discussed but, to our knowledge, previously untested form of publication bias: the publication of results with and without estimates of effect size. We find that results published without effect sizes are a biased sample of those that are published. This further complicates the already difficult task of compiling quantitative literature reviews and meta-analytic studies.
authors.affiliation: School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. cassey@wotan.ens.fr
authors.forename: Phillip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cassey
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Ewen
authors.forename: Tim M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Blackburn
authors.forename: Anders P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Møller
mesh_terms: D005075:Biological Evolution; D003625:Data Collection; D004463:Ecology / Q000379:methods*; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D017594:Publication Bias / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013223:Statistics as Topic / Q000379:methods