[Intake of pharmacologic supplements of vitamins and minerals during pregnancy. Survey conducted in Krakow].
The aim of this study was to describe pharmacological supplements during pregnancy in the sample of 406 nonsmoking women, residents of Krakow. Multivitamins' supplements were taken by 79.1%, folic acid by 41.4%, magnesium by 23.9% and iron only by 14.5% of the study group. Our results confirm that vitamin and mineral supplements, ferrum, folic acid and magnesium in particular, are inadequate in comparison to recommended intakes. Women with lower education (secondary school or lower) failed to supplement diet with multivitamins (OR = 5.74; 95% CI: 1.41-23.5) and folic acid (OR = 2.11; 95% CI: 1.22-3.66). Otherwise, health problems during the previous pregnancies and nulliparity have lowered pharmacological folic acid supplements (OR = 0.45; 95% CI: 0.21-0.97 and OR = 0.57; 95% CI: 0.32-0.99, respectively). Results of our study show that diet assessed for pregnancy period does not meet nutritional requirements. Pharmacological supplementary intake of vitamins and minerals is also insufficient. It is advisable to popularize education concerning necessity and usefulness of vitamin and microelement supplementation during medical examinations in the childbearing age.
Kaim
Irena
I
Klinika Ginekologii, Połoznictwa i Onkologii, Collegium Medicum, Uniwersytet Jagielloński, Kraków.
Penar
Agnieszka
A
Sochacka-Tatara
Elzbieta
E
Gałaś
Aleksander
A
Jedrychowski
Wiesław
W
D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009752:Nutritional Status; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011044:Poland; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D037841:Pregnant People; D011295:Prenatal Care / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D000975:Antioxidants; D018977:Micronutrients; D014131:Trace Elements; D014815:Vitamins