title: Comparing mercury-in-glass, tympanic and disposable thermometers in measuring body temperature in healthy young people.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine whether a disposable thermometer was at least as accurate as a tympanic thermometer when compared with a mercury-in-glass thermometer and to investigate the waiting periods of mercury-in-glass thermometers.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Although different methods of temperature measurement have been widely studied and described during the last decade, comparison between readings obtained when measuring body temperature using disposable, mercury-in-glass and tympanic thermometers is little documented and there is confusion about the waiting periods of mercury-in-glass thermometers.
  
  
  METHODS
  This research was descriptive and comparative. Temperature measurements included three sequential readings using first a tympanic thermometer in the left ear, then a disposable thermometer in the left axillary area and finally a mercury-in-glass thermometer in the right axillary area. All the temperatures were measured on the Celsius (degrees C) scale. To identify the stabilization periods of the mercury-in-glass thermometers, the temperature measurement was repeated until the reading stabilized. F-tests were used to compare readings of the mean temperatures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was found that body temperature readings measured by tympanic thermometer were higher than axillary mercury-in-glass thermometer by 0.12 degrees C, body temperature readings measured by tympanic thermometer were higher than axillary disposable thermometer readings by 0.65 degrees C and body temperature readings measured by axillary mercury-in-glass thermometer were higher by 0.53 degrees C than readings measured by axillary disposable thermometer. It was found that readings measured by mercury-in-glass thermometer stabilized in the eighth minute.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When assessing body temperature it is important to take the type of thermometer into consideration. In addition, axillary mercury-in-glass thermometers must be kept in place a minimum of eight minutes.
authors.affiliation: Ege University School of Nursing, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Leyla
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Khorshid
authors.forename: Ismet
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Eşer
authors.forename: Ayten
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zaybak
authors.forename: Ulkü
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Yapucu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001365:Axilla; D001831:Body Temperature; D015400:Clinical Nursing Research; D004209:Disposable Equipment / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008628:Mercury; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000451:nursing; D009730:Nursing Assessment / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013817:Thermography / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000451:nursing; D013821:Thermometers / Q000592:standards*; D013997:Time Factors; D014432:Tympanic Membrane
chemical_list: D008628:Mercury