title: Choice and availability of takeaway and restaurant food is not related to the prevalence of adult obesity in rural communities in Australia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish whether choice and availability of takeaway and restaurant food consumption are associated with increased obesity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Crossroads Undiagnosed Disease Study: a cross-sectional study undertaken between June 2001 and March 2003.
  
  
  METHODS
  A regional centre and six shire capitals of variables size in rural Victoria, Australia.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 1454 residents of randomly selected households.
  
  
  METHODS
  Obesity (by body mass index (BMI) or waist circumference), weekly recreational activity, self-reported frequency of takeaway consumption, number of local takeaway and restaurant food outlets in the area.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of obesity ranged from 25.5-30.8% and was higher than the general Australian population among both men and women. Those in the regional centre were less likely than those in large and small shire capitals to participate in recreational activity of 150 min or more (39.7 vs 48.4%, 46.0% respectively, P=0.023) and yet reported better access to facilities and amenities for physical activity. Recreational activity of > or =150 min/week was associated with 0.75 (0.58-0.97) fold less risk of obesity. BMI was unrelated to takeaway consumption. Waist circumference was significantly lower among those eating no takeaways, but similar whether takeaways were consumed <1/month or > or =1/week. Increased takeaway consumption was associated with increased consumption of higher fat preparations of dairy and meat products. Availability of takeaway outlets and restaurants was unrelated to obesity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The obesity epidemic exists among those without significant consumption of or availability to takeaway foods. In a setting of easy availability of food, the obesity epidemic relates strongly to reduced physical activity, but not to consumption of takeaway food.
authors.affiliation: Waikato Clinical School, University of Auckland, Hamilton, New Zealand. simmonsd@waikatodhb.govt.nz
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Simmons
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McKenzie
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eaton
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zimmet
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002755:Choice Behavior; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015444:Exercise; D005511:Food Handling; D005518:Food Preferences; D005523:Food Supply; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D015995:Prevalence; D012424:Rural Population; D014739:Victoria / Q000453:epidemiology