title: Microtensile bond strength of self-etching adhesives to enamel and dentin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure the microtensile bond strength to enamel and dentin of three self-etching adhesives in comparison with a total-etch two-step system as a control.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 40 extracted human molars were stored in saline solution until use, then divided into 4 groups of 10 teeth (one group per adhesive system). Half of each of these groups underwent bond strength tests on enamel, and the other half was used for adhesion testing on dentin. The following experimental groups (n = 5) were then formed: E(1) Adper Prompt-L-Pop (AP, 3M ESPE) on enamel; E(2) Xeno CF II (X, Sanking Kogyo) on enamel; E(3) AdheSE (AS, Ivoclar-Vivadent) on enamel; E(4) Excite (EX, Ivoclar-Vivadent) on enamel; D(1) AP on dentin; D(2): X on dentin; D(3) AS on dentin; D(4) EX on dentin. Each tooth yielded 15 to 20 sticks about 0.9 x 0.9 mm in cross-sectional area for microtensile testing. Specimens were loaded in tension at a crosshead speed of 0.5 mm/minute, and bond strength at failure was calculated in MPa. A two-way ANOVA was applied to test for significance of the differences among the groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The bond strength values of Excite (the control) were significantly higher than those of the test products on enamel (42.92+/-4.8 MPa) and on dentin (45.80+/-5.79 MPa). The self-etching adhesives AdheSE (28.48+/-4.71 MPa) and Xeno CF II (27.22+/-2.74 MPa) revealed significantly stronger adhesion than Adper Prompt-L-Pop (20.16+/-2.07 MPa) on dentin. On enamel, all self-etching test materials performed similarly. The substrate did not appear to have a significant influence on adhesion, as each material reached comparable levels of bond strength on enamel and dentin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  On both substrates the self-etching adhesives tested performed significantly worse than did the total-etch system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Materials, University of Siena, Siena, Italy. cecilia.goracci@tin.it
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Goracci
authors.forename: Fernanda Tranchesi
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Sadek
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Monticelli
authors.forename: Paulo Eduardo Capel
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferrari
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate / Q000737:chemistry; D020770:Compomers / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D013718:Tensile Strength
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; C489662:AdheSE cement; C489661:Adper Prompt Self-Etch; D020770:Compomers; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C420130:Excite cement; D008689:Methacrylates; D010755:Organophosphates; C417842:Xeno compomer; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate