title: Modeling growth of Clostridium perfringens in pea soup during cooling.
abstract: Clostridium perfringens is a pathogen that mainly causes food poisoning outbreaks when large quantities of food are prepared. Therefore, a model was developed to predict the effect of different cooling procedures on the growth of this pathogen during cooling of food: Dutch pea soup. First, a growth rate model based on interpretable parameters was used to predict growth during linear cooling of pea soup. Second, a temperature model for cooling pea soup was constructed by fitting the model to experimental data published earlier. This cooling model was used to estimate the effect of various cooling environments on average cooling times, taking into account the effect of stirring and product volume. The growth model systematically overestimated growth of C. perfringens during cooling in air, but this effect was limited to less than 0.5 log N/ml and this was considered to be acceptable for practical purposes. It was demonstrated that the growth model for C. perfringens combined with the cooling model for pea soup could be used to sufficiently predict growth of C. perfringens in different volume sizes of pea soup during cooling in air as well as the effect of stirring, different cooling temperatures, and various cooling environments on the growth of C. perfringens in pea soup. Although fine-tuning may be needed to eliminate inaccuracies, it was concluded that the combined model could be a useful tool for designing good manufacturing practices (GMP) procedures.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Wageningen University, Wageningen, The Netherlands. aarieke.dejong@wur.nl
authors.forename: Aarieke E I
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: de Jong
authors.forename: Rijkel R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Beumer
authors.forename: Marcel H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Zwietering
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003015:Clostridium Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D003016:Clostridium perfringens / Q000378:metabolism*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D003296:Cooking; D005502:Food; D005506:Food Contamination; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005517:Foodborne Diseases; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008460:Meat; D008461:Meat Products / Q000382:microbiology*; D015233:Models, Statistical; D018532:Pisum sativum / Q000378:metabolism*; D012034:Refrigeration; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors