title: Detection of influenza A virus by RT-PCR and standard methods in experimental infection of Ducks.
abstract: Cloacal swabs collected from mallard ducks (Anas platyrhynchos) experimentally infected with a H7N1 avian influenza strain were examined by Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction to detect the influenza A virus. Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction was compared with standard methods: inoculation of embryonated chicken eggs and inoculation of three established cell lines: Newborn Swine Kidney cells, Newborn Pig Trachea cells and Madine Darby Canine Kidney cells. Reverse Transcription Polymerase Chain Reaction was performed using a set of primers based on conserved regions of the matrix and nucleoprotein genes.
authors.affiliation: Istituto Zooprofilattico Sperimentale della Lombardia e dell'Emilia Romagna "Bruno Ubertini", Sezione diagnostica di Parma, via dei Mercati 13/A, Parma, Italy. emanuela.foni@bs.izs.it
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Foni
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chiapponi
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lori
authors.forename: Maria Alessandra
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: De Marco
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delogu
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Raffini
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Massi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002642:Chick Embryo; D002988:Cloaca / Q000821:virology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004372:Ducks / Q000821:virology*; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000821:virology*; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013552:Swine; D014776:Virus Cultivation