title: Combination of liquid chromatography/tandem mass spectrometry and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry for the detection of 21 anabolic steroid residues in bovine urine.
abstract: For the detection of anabolic steroid residues in bovine urine, a highly sensitive liquid chromatographic/electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometric (LC/ESI-MS/MS) method was developed using both positive and negative ionization. For four compounds the ESI mode was not sensitive enough and gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric GC/MS detection was therefore still necessary as a complementary method. The sample clean-up consisted of solid-phase extraction (SPE) on a C(18) column followed by enzymatic hydrolysis and a second solid-phase extraction on a combination of a C(18) and a NH(2) column. After this last SPE clean-up, the eluate was split into two equal aliquots. One aliquot was further purified and after derivatization used for GC/MS analysis. The other aliquot was analyzed with LC/MS/MS in both ESI+ and ESI- modes. The method was validated according to the European Commission Decision 2002/657/EC. Decision limits (CCalpha) were between 0.16 and 1 ng ml(-1) for the compounds detected with the LC/MS/MS method. The developed method is used in routine analysis in our laboratory.
authors.affiliation: Ghent University, Laboratory of Food Analysis, Harelbekestraat 72, B-9000 Ghent, Belgium. christof.vanpoucke@ugent.be
authors.forename: Christof
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Van Poucke
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Van De Velde
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Van Peteghem
mesh_terms: D045930:Anabolic Agents / Q000652:urine*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D045930:Anabolic Agents