Fluorescent metal ion indicators based on benzoannelated crown systems: a green fluorescent indicator for intracellular sodium ions.
The synthesis and metal binding properties of cation-sensitive fluorescent indicators intended for biological applications are described. The increase of the crown ether ring size enhances the affinity for larger cations, but weakens the fluorescent response and selectivity. A compound having a 15-crown-5 chelator directly attached to a 2,7-difluoroxanthenone fluorophore loads into live cells and responds to sodium ion concentration changes with large fluorescence increases in the visible wavelength range.
Martin
Vladimir V
VV
Molecular Probes Invitrogen Detection Technologies, 29851 Willow Creek Road, Eugene, OR 97402, USA.
Rothe
Anca
A
Gee
Kyle R
KR
D001565:Benzoates / Q000737:chemistry; D001665:Binding Sites; D002412:Cations; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D007424:Intracellular Fluid / Q000378:metabolism*; D008670:Metals / Q000737:chemistry; D012964:Sodium / Q000032:analysis*; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence
D001565:Benzoates; D002412:Cations; D002614:Chelating Agents; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008670:Metals; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D012964:Sodium