title: Self-assembly of phosphate fluorosurfactants in carbon dioxide.
abstract: Anionic phosphodiester surfactants, possessing either two fluorinated chains (F/F) or one hydrocarbon chain and one fluorinated chain (H/F), were synthesized and evaluated for solubility and self-assembly in liquid and supercritical carbon dioxide. Several surfactants, of both F/F and H/F types and having varied counterions, were found to be capable of solubilizing water-in-CO2 (W/C), via the formation of microemulsions, expanding upon the family of phosphate fluorosurfactants already found to stabilize W/C microemulsions. Small-angle neutron scatteringwas used to directly characterize the microemulsion particles at varied temperatures, pressures, and water loadings, revealing behavior consistent with previous results on W/C microemulsions.
authors.affiliation: NSF Center for Environmentally Responsible Solvents and Processes, Department of Chemistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA.
authors.forename: Jason S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Keiper
authors.forename: Jacqueline A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Behles
authors.forename: Tracy L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Bucholz
authors.forename: Ruma
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Simhan
authors.forename: Joseph M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: DeSimone
authors.forename: Gary W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Lynn
authors.forename: George D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Wignall
authors.forename: Yuri B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Melnichenko
authors.forename: Henrich
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Frielinghaus