title: Divergence eye movements are dependent on initial stimulus position.
abstract: Previous studies on the speed and latency of convergence and divergence eye movements have produced varied, sometimes contradictory, results. Four subjects were studied and tracked 4 degrees disparity step changes for convergence and divergence at different initial target positions. Here we report that the dynamics of divergence movements not only differ from convergence movement, but depend on the initial vergence position. Velocities of divergence eye movements in response to targets that were initially near to the subject were approximately twice that of responses to initially distant targets and also exhibited shorter temporal properties. Hence, while convergence responses are fairly similar irrespective of the initial position, divergence dynamic and temporal properties are dependent on the initial stimulus position. It is speculated that the differences observed in divergence may be the result of nonlinear properties of the extraocular muscles or a difference in the underlying neural controller potentially a difference in the magnitude of the fusion initiating component of divergence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, New Jersey Institute of Technology, University Heights, Newark, NJ 07102, USA. tara.l.alvarez@njit.edu
authors.forename: Tara L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.forename: John L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Semmlow
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pedrono
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D003290:Convergence, Ocular / Q000502:physiology; D005133:Eye Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010775:Photic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D011930:Reaction Time; D015357:Vision Disparity / Q000502:physiology; D015348:Vision, Binocular / Q000502:physiology