title: Surgical management of prostate cancer: advances based on a rational approach to the data.
abstract: The management of localised prostate cancer has undergone important changes in the past two decades, with major improvements in surgical technique, a greater emphasis on structured assessment of quality of life, and a greater attempt to tailor treatment to biological risk. Disease diagnosis is predicated on identification of demographic risk factors, serum levels of prostate-specific antigen and its derivatives, and extended biopsy techniques. Surgical removal of the prostate may be accomplished by open or minimally invasive techniques and in experienced hands results in good functional outcomes a high rate of cure for those with organ confined disease. Radical prostatectomy is also appropriate in selected patients with locally advanced disease and after failed radiation therapy.
authors.affiliation: Glickman Urological Institute A-100, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, 9500 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Anoop M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Meraney
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haese
authors.forename: Jüri
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Palisaar
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Graefen
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Steuber
authors.forename: Hartwig
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huland
authors.forename: Eric A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Klein
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen