title: Isolation, identification and excretion profile of the principal urinary metabolite of the recently banned designer drug 1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine (TFMPP) in rats.
abstract: The metabolism of 1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine (TFMPP), a recently banned designer drug, in rats was studied by analysing its urinary metabolites. p-Hydroxy-TFMPP (p-OH-TFMPP) was isolated and identified as the main metabolite by using nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and high-performance liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (LC-ESI MS). The time-course excretion profiles of TFMPP and p-OH-TFMPP in rats were investigated following a single intraperitoneal dosing of 5 mg kg(-1) TFMPP by using an optimized analytical procedure that combined solid-phase extraction and LC-ESI MS techniques. The cumulative amount of p-OH-TFMPP excreted within the first 48 h reached approximately 64% of the dose, of which 70% was the glucuronide conjugated form. The cumulative amount of parent TFMPP excreted was less than 0.7% of the dose. The results suggest that p-OH-TFMPP would be the most relevant metabolite to be detected for TFMPP exposure in the forensic and clinical analysis of human urine.
authors.affiliation: Forensic Science Laboratory, Osaka Prefectural Police Headquarters, 1-3-18, Hommachi, Chuo-ku, Osaka 541-0053, Japan. h-tutu-oppe@iam.ne.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsutsumi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Katagi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shima
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamata
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kishi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuchihashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D010879:Piperazines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000652:urine*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods*; D016482:Urinalysis / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D010879:Piperazines; C018406:1-(3-trifluoromethylphenyl)piperazine