title: The clock model and its relationship with the Allan and related variances.
abstract: The clock errors are modeled by stochastic differential equations (SDE) and the relationships between the diffusion coefficients used in SDE and the Allan variance, a typical tool used to estimate clock noise, are derived. This relationship is fundamental when a mathematical clock model is used, for example in Kalman filter, noise estimation, and clock prediction activities.
authors.affiliation: Dip. di Matematica, Università di Torino, 10123 Torino, Italy.
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zucca
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tavella