title: Altered mesoaccumbens and nigro-striatal dopamine physiology is associated with stereotypy development in a non-rodent species.
abstract: Stress-induced changes in mesoaccumbens dopamine neurophysiology have been associated with the development of stereotypic behaviour in in-bred strains of laboratory rodents. This experiment evaluated whether similar changes are associated with environmentally-induced stereotypic behaviour in a higher-vertebrate species, the horse. D1- and D2-like dopamine receptor densities (B(max)) and dissociation constants (K(d)) were measured in control (n=9) and stereotypy (n=9) horses in the nucleus accumbens, caudate nucleus, putamen, substantia nigra and ventral tegmentum brain regions. Results revealed that stereotypy horses had significantly higher (P<0.05) dopamine D1 and D2 receptor densities (B(max)) in the nucleus accumbens compared to non-stereotypy controls. D1 receptor densities (B(max)) and D2 receptor affinity (K(d)) were also significantly lower in the caudate nucleus brain region of stereotypy horses (P<0.05). No other significant results were observed. These results demonstrate that stereotypy horses have increased activity within the mesoaccumbens dopamine pathway and, thus, that the development of environmentally-induced stereotypy may be associated with changes in motivational systems within the animal.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Rural Studies, University of Wales, Aberystwyth SY233AL, UK. sdm@aber.ac.uk
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: McBride
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hemmings
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000502:physiology*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006736:Horses; D008297:Male; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D009714:Nucleus Accumbens / Q000502:physiology*; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine / Q000502:physiology; D013239:Stereotyped Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D011954:Receptors, Dopamine; D004298:Dopamine