title: Use of quantitative real-time PCR to monitor the response of Chlamydophila felis infection to doxycycline treatment.
abstract: Fifteen cats infected with Chlamydophila felis were monitored for the presence of C. felis DNA on ocular swabs by using real-time PCR and for clinical signs of disease. The cats were assigned to three groups: oral doxycycline at 10 mg/kg of body weight/day for 7 days (six cats), oral doxycycline at 10 mg/kg/day for 14 days (five cats), and an untreated control group (four cats). The untreated cats remained positive for C. felis throughout the trial; clinical signs were most severe on days 14 to 21 postinfection, and then they declined. Treatment with 7 and 14 days of doxycycline decreased C. felis relative copy numbers and clinical signs rapidly. C. felis became undetectable in some of the cats during or after treatment. However, after the cessation of treatment, a recurrence of high relative copy numbers of C. felis and severe clinical signs in all cats was seen. Rescue treatment with 21 days of doxycycline was successful at eliminating infection in eight of the cats; a further 28 days of doxycycline was required to eliminate infection in the remaining three cats. It was concluded that 7, 14, and, in some cases, 21 days of treatment with oral doxycycline will not eliminate C. felis infection. At least 28 days of treatment with doxycycline is required to ensure elimination of the organism. Real-time PCR is a sensitive technique for monitoring C. felis infection and the response to antibiotic treatment.
authors.affiliation: The Feline Centre, Division of Companion Animal Studies, School of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford House, Langford, Bristol, BS40 5DU UK. r.dean@bristol.ac.uk
authors.forename: Rachel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dean
authors.forename: Ross
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Harley
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Helps
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Caney
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gruffydd-Jones
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D002415:Cats; D023501:Chlamydophila / Q000187:drug effects*; D023521:Chlamydophila Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D003234:Conjunctivitis, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D004318:Doxycycline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004318:Doxycycline