title: Idiopathic infantile arterial calcification and persistent pulmonary hypertension.
abstract: Idiopathic infantile arterial calcification is a rare and usually fatal disorder, which is characterized by widespread vaso-occlusive disease. Presentation is variable, but refractory hypertension is typical, with symptoms of cardiorespiratory failure. Some present in utero with evidence of fetal compromise, which may manifest as hydrops fetalis and premature delivery or stillbirth. Presentation otherwise is usually in the neonatal period with 85% of cases being fatal within the first 6 months. Coronary artery involvement is a poor prognostic feature. The pathophysiology of this disorder is well documented but the underlying etiology remains unknown. An autosomal recessive metabolic disorder is thought likely and this is supported in this case. Pulmonary hypertension has not previously been reported to be a primary feature of this disease. Here we describe such a case in which a newborn underwent extracorporeal membrane oxygenation, and during this time a diagnosis of idiopathic arterial calcification was made.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neonatology, Children's and Women's Health Centre of British Columbia, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia V6H 3V4, Canada.
authors.forename: Juliet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Farquhar
authors.forename: Nawal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Makhseed
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sargent
authors.forename: Glenn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Horacio
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Osiovich
mesh_terms: D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000473:pathology; D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008661:Metabolism, Inborn Errors / Q000473:pathology; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000172:deficiency; D011379:Prognosis; D011755:Pyrophosphatases / Q000172:deficiency; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; C065962:ectonucleotide pyrophosphatase phosphodiesterase 1; D011755:Pyrophosphatases