title: Human parvovirus B19, varicella zoster virus, and human herpes virus 6 in temporal artery biopsy specimens of patients with giant cell arteritis: analysis with quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the role of parvovirus B19 (B19), varicella zoster virus (VZV), and human herpes virus 6 (HHV-6) in the aetiopathology of giant cell arteritis (GCA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Temporal artery biopsy specimens from 57 patients with GCA and 56 controls were investigated. DNA was obtained by biopsy, and quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction assay performed to establish the prevalence and viral load of B19, VZV, and HHV-6. Amplification of the human beta-globin gene was used as internal positive control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (a) B19 was detected in 31/57 (54%) patients (median viral load 45.2 (25th-75th centiles 0-180.2) copies/microg DNA) v 21/56 (38%) controls (median viral load 0 (0-66.7) copies/microg of DNA; p = 0.07 for DNA prevalence, p = 0.007 for viral load. Among 31 B19 positive samples, 21 (68%) patients with biopsy proven GCA had >10(2) B19 copies/microg of DNA v 5/21 (24%) controls; p = 0.001. (b) No significant difference was found for VZV (p = 0.94 for DNA prevalence; p = 0.76 for viral load) and HHV-6 (p = 0.89 for DNA prevalence; p = 0.64 for viral load) in the GCA group compared with controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  B19 may have a role in the aetiopathology of GCA, particularly in those patients with high viral load; no evidence was found for VZV and HHV-6.
authors.affiliation: Rheumatology Service, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Lafuente
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fernández-Gutiérrez
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Jover
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Júdez
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Loza
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Clemente
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: García-Asenjo
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Lamas
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D013700:Giant Cell Arteritis / Q000821:virology*; D006562:Herpes Zoster / Q000150:complications; D014645:Herpesvirus 3, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015654:Herpesvirus 6, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010322:Parvoviridae Infections / Q000150:complications*; D016732:Parvovirus B19, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D019349:Roseolovirus Infections / Q000150:complications; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral