title: [Expression of soluble human leukocyte antigen G and its relationship to embryo development].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To find out the expression of soluble human leukocyte antigen G (sHLA-G) and its relationship to the cleavage embryo development.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and seventy-seven day 3 cleavage embryos were detected for sHLA-G by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  sHLA-G was detected in 57.1% cleavage embryos. The positive rate of sHLA-G in cleavage embryos developed from dipronucleate fertilized eggs was 66.2% (90/136), that developed from tripronucleate fertilized eggs was 26.8% (11/41). There was significant difference between these two groups (P < 0.01). The positive rate of sHLA-G in the grade 1 cleavage embryos developed from dipronucleate fertilized eggs was 64.3% (18/28), that in the grade 2 cleavage embryos developed from dipronucleate fertilized eggs was 91.7% (66/72), that in the grade 3 cleavage embryos developed from dipronucleate fertilized eggs was 16.7% (6/36), there were significant differences between these different embryo grades (P < 0.01), and the intensity of sHLA-G had negative relationship with the embryo grades (r = -0.503). The positive rate of sHLA-G in the first class cleavage embryos developed from tripronucleate fertilized eggs was 88.9% (32/36), that from dipronucleate fertilized eggs was 64.3% (18/28). There was significant difference in these two groups (P < 0.01). The intensity of sHLA-G in cleavage embryos developed from tripronucleate fertilized eggs was higher than that from dipronucleate fertilized eggs. The positive rate of sHLA-G in the cleavage embryos developed from dipronucleate fertilized eggs whose cell number was less than 4 was 56.7% (34/60), that from dipronucleate fertilized eggs whose cell number ranged from 5 to 6 was 67.9% (36/53), and that from dipronucleate fertilized eggs whose cell number ranged from 7 to 8 was 87.0% (20/23). There were no significant differences in these three groups. The intensity of sHLA-G had no significant difference between embryos with different cell number (P > 0.05), but it had relationship with the cell number (r = 0.267).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cleavage embryos express sHLA-G which is related with the embryo development.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Center, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guang-lun
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.forename: Can-quan
authors.initials: CQ
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yi-ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Yan-wen
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ming-fan
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ming-fen
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Deng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002970:Cleavage Stage, Ovum / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000378:metabolism; D047108:Embryonic Development; D005260:Female; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I