title: Changes in plasma lipid and antioxidant activity in rats as a result of naringin and red grapefruit supplementation.
abstract: The aim of this investigation was to compare the influence of naringin versus red grapefruit juice on plasma lipid levels and plasma antioxidant activity in rats fed cholesterol-containing and cholesterol-free diets. The antioxidant activity of a correlated quantity of red grapefruit juice was higher than that of naringin. Forty-two male Wistar rats were randomly divided into six groups of 7 named control, naringin, grapefruit, Chol, Chol/naringin, and Chol/grapefruit. The rats of the control group were fed basal diet (BD) and 1-2 mL of distilled water. To the BD of the other five groups were added 0.46-0.92 mg of naringin dissolved in 1-2 mL of distilled water (naringin), 1-2 mL of red grapefruit juice (grapefruit), 1% of nonoxidized cholesterol (NOC) and 1-2 mL of distilled water (Chol), 1% of NOC and 0.46-0.92 mg of naringin in 1-2 mL of water (Chol/naringin), and 1% of NOC and 1-2 mL of red grapefruit juice (Chol/grapefruit). After 30 days of different feeding, it was found that diets supplemented with red grapefruit juice and to a lesser degree with naringin improved the plasma lipid levels mainly in rats fed cholesterol and increased the plasma antioxidant activity. In conclusion, naringin is a powerful plasma lipid lowering and plasma antioxidant activity increasing flavonone. However, fresh red grapefruit is preferable than naringin: it more effectively influences plasma lipid levels and plasma antioxidant activity and, therefore, could be used as a valuable supplement for disease-preventing diets.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, The Hebrew University-Hadassah Medical School, Jerusalem, Israel. gorin@cc.huji.ac.il
authors.forename: Shela
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gorinstein
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Leontowicz
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leontowicz
authors.forename: Ryszard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Krzeminski
authors.forename: Mikolaj
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gralak
authors.forename: Efren
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Delgado-Licon
authors.forename: Alma Leticia
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Martinez Ayala
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Katrich
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Trakhtenberg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D001628:Beverages; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D032083:Citrus paradisi; D004032:Diet; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D044950:Flavanones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005638:Fruit; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D044950:Flavanones; D008055:Lipids; C005274:naringin