title: SAPK/JNK plays a role in transforming growth factor-beta-induced VEGF synthesis in osteoblasts.
abstract: We previously reported that transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) activates p44/p42 mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase and p38 MAP kinase, resulting in the stimulation of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) synthesis in osteoblast-like MC3T3-E1 cells. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of stress-activated protein kinase/c- Jun N-terminal kinase (SAPK/JNK), another member of the MAP kinase superfamily, in TGF-beta-induced VEGF synthesis in these cells. TGF-beta markedly induced SAPK/JNK phosphorylation. SP600125, a specific inhibitor of SAPK/JNK, markedly reduced TGF-beta-induced VEGF synthesis. SP600125 suppressed TGF-beta-induced SAPK/JNK phosphorylation. PD98059, an inhibitor of upstream kinase of p44/p42 MAP kinase and SB203580, an inhibitor of p38 MAP kinase, each failed to reduce TGF-beta-induced SAPK/JNK phosphorylation. A combination of SP600125 and PD98059 or SP600125 and SB203580 suppressed TGF-beta-stimulated VEGF synthesis in an additive manner. These results strongly suggest that TGF-beta activates SAPK/JNK in osteoblasts, and that SAPK/JNK plays a role in addition to p42/p44 MAP kinase and p38 MAP kinase in TGF-beta-induced VEGF synthesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Gifu University School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanno
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ishisaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tokuda
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Numata
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kozawa
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D000873:Anthracenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D012886:Skull / Q000166:cytology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D000873:Anthracenes; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C432165:pyrazolanthrone; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one