title: Molecular characterization of rat gastric mucosal response to potent acid inhibition.
abstract: Potent acid inhibition with proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) is widely used in clinical medicine, especially for gastroesophageal reflux disease. PPIs cause profound changes in the intragastric environment with near-neutral pH and increase serum concentration of the gastric secretagogue hormone gastrin. Long-term hypergastrinemia increases mucosal thickness and enterochromaffin-like cell density in gastric corpus mucosa and results in development of gastric carcinoids in experimental animals. Our aim was to study responses to potent acid inhibition by characterizing genome-wide gene expression changes in gastric corpus mucosa in rats dosed with the PPI omeprazole. Nine rats received 400 micromol/kg omeprazole daily for 10 wk. Seven rats received vehicle only. Analysis of gastric corpus with microarrays representing 11,848 genes identified 134 genes with changed gene expression levels in omeprazole-dosed rats. Several of the identified genes were previously known to be affected by potent acid inhibition. Of the 62 genes with known functions that changed gene expression levels after PPI dosing, 27 are known to be involved in proliferation and apoptosis and immune, inflammatory, and stress responses. Our study indicates that microarray analysis can detect relevant gene expression changes in the complex gastric tissue, and that cellular processes involved in cell growth and defense responses are strongly affected by PPI dosing. Many genes are identified that were not previously known to be affected by inhibition of gastric acid secretion or that have unknown biological functions. Characterization of the roles of these genes may give new insight into molecular responses to treatment with PPIs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Research and Molecular Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway.
authors.forename: Kristin G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Nørsett
authors.forename: Astrid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laegreid
authors.forename: Mette
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Langaas
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wörlund
authors.forename: Reidar
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fossmark
authors.forename: Helge L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Waldum
authors.forename: Arne K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sandvik
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D005744:Gastric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010295:Parietal Cells, Gastric / Q000166:cytology; D011786:Quality Control; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000378:metabolism; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: C486264:Cxcr4 protein, rat; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D009853:Omeprazole