title: Influence of magnesium aluminium silicate on rheological, release and permeation characteristics of diclofenac sodium aqueous gels in-vitro.
abstract: The effect of magnesium aluminium silicate (MAS) on rheological, release and permeation characteristics of diclofenac sodium (DS) aqueous gels was investigated. DS aqueous gels were prepared using various gelling agents, such as 15% w/w poloxamer 407 (PM407), 1% w/w hydroxypropylmethylcellulose (HPMC), and 1% w/w high and low viscosity grades of sodium alginate (HV-SA and LV-SA, respectively). Different amounts of MAS (0.5, 1.0 and 1.5% w/w) were incorporated into the DS gels. Incorporation of MAS into the DS gels prepared using SA or PM407 caused a statistical increase in viscosity (P<0.05) and a shift from Newtonian flow to pseudoplastic flow with thixotropic property. The DS release rates of these composite gels were significantly decreased (P<0.05) when compared with the control gels. This was due to an interaction between MAS and PM407 or SA, and adsorption of DS onto MAS particles. Moreover, a longer lag time and no change in DS permeation flux were found when MAS was added to the gels. The findings suggest that the rheological characteristics of gels prepared using PM407 or SA could be improved by incorporating MAS. However, the use of MAS could retard the DS release and extend the lag time of DS permeation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Khon Kaen University, Khon Kaen 40002, Thailand. thaned@kku.ac.th
authors.forename: Thaned
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pongjanyakul
authors.forename: Aroonsri
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Priprem
authors.forename: Satit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Puttipipatkhachorn
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates; D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D017815:Elapidae; D005782:Gels; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D065347:Hypromellose Derivatives; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D017616:Magnesium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008747:Methylcellulose / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D020442:Poloxamer; D012212:Rheology; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D012869:Skin Absorption / Q000187:drug effects; D013997:Time Factors; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D005782:Gels; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D017616:Magnesium Compounds; D017640:Silicates; D020442:Poloxamer; D004008:Diclofenac; D065347:Hypromellose Derivatives; C033065:aluminum magnesium silicate; D020723:Glucuronic Acid; D008747:Methylcellulose