Issues in association analysis: error control in case-control association studies for disease gene discovery.
Several sources of errors are discussed. While genotyping errors have little effect on power in case-control association studies, they tend to strongly increase false positive results in TDT type tests unless occurrence of errors is allowed for in the analysis (e.g., TDTae test). Disregarding non-genetic risk factors is shown to lead to a form of hidden heterogeneity, which can strongly reduce power. Stratification of data into more homogeneous subgroups is advocated as a simple solution to allowing for non-genetic risk factors such as socio-economic status and food preferences.
Ott
Jurg
J
Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021-6399, USA. ott@rockefeller.edu
D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019992:Databases as Topic; D030342:Genetic Diseases, Inborn / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008957:Models, Genetic; D010641:Phenotype; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D012984:Software; D013223:Statistics as Topic / Q000379:methods*