Type I IFN is a powerful mucosal adjuvant for a selective intranasal vaccination against influenza virus in mice and affects antigen capture at mucosal level.
In view of the increasing interest in mucosal vaccination, we investigated whether type I IFN could act as adjuvant of an intranasally administered influenza vaccine. A single intranasal administration of IFNalphabeta-adjuvanted vaccine in anesthetized C3H/HeN mice was capable of protecting the totality of animals against virus challenge, while vaccine alone was only partially effective. To mimic intranasal vaccine administration in man and to limit vaccine delivery strictly to nasal mucosa, we used a second method of vaccination based on vaccine fractionation in six doses and intranasal instillation in non-anesthetized mice. By using this vaccination schedule, IFNalphabeta-adjuvanted vaccine also prevented mice from disease development and induced an efficient long lasting immune response. Further experiments showed that IFNalphabeta increased the percentage of antigen-associated phagocytes in the nasal mucus layer, thus suggesting a new possible mechanism of action for type I IFN as an adjuvant.
Bracci
Laura
L
Department of Cell Biology and Neurosciences, Parasitic and Immune-mediated Diseases, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Viale Regina Elena 299, 00161 Rome, Italy. lbracci@iss.it
Canini
Irene
I
Puzelli
Simona
S
Sestili
Paola
P
Venditti
Massimo
M
Spada
Massimo
M
Donatelli
Isabella
I
Belardelli
Filippo
F
Proietti
Enrico
E
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D014611:Vaccination
D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D007071:Immunoglobulin A, Secretory; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D007370:Interferon Type I