title: Are incorrectly used drugs more frequently involved in adverse drug reactions? A prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were to identify and evaluate the frequency of drugs involved in adverse drug reactions (ADRs) for which recommendations of the Summary of Product Characteristics (SPC) had not been respected and to compare the percentages of drugs suspected of being the cause of ADRs when correctly and incorrectly used.
  
  
  METHODS
  All ADRs reported to the Regional Pharmacovigilance Centre of Tours (RPC) over a period of 5 months were analysed to identify drugs used "incorrectly" defined by drug use beyond the recommendations of the SPC, i.e. drugs used when contra-indicated and/or drugs used for an off-label indication, and/or drugs used at an inappropriate dose, and/or inappropriate duration of treatment, and/or drugs used in the presence of a potentially or definitely interacting drug.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Included in the study were 182 ADRs involving 182 patients. Of 642 drugs, 169 (26%) were incorrectly used and for 81 patients (44.5%) ADRs involved at least one "incorrectly" used drug. These included 10% (64 of 642) drug interactions, 7.3% (47 of 642) off-licence indications, 5% (32 of 642) inadequate dosage, 3% (20 of 642) incorrect duration of treatment and 1% (6 of 642) contraindications. "Correctly" used drugs appeared to be less often the cause of the ADRs than "incorrectly" used drugs (59.4% versus 75%, P=0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  "Incorrectly" used drugs were more often causally linked to ADR than correctly used drugs. A meaningful number of ADRs could probably be avoided if SPC guidelines for a safe and effective drug use are carefully adhered to.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Regional Drug Monitoring Centre, University Hospital, CHRU, 2 boulevard Tonnellé, 37044, Tours Cedex 09, France. jonville-bera@chu-tours.fr
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Jonville-Béra
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Béra
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Autret-Leca
mesh_terms: D016907:Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000009:adverse effects; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000009:adverse effects; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000009:adverse effects; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000009:adverse effects; D011431:Dextropropoxyphene / Q000009:adverse effects; D004346:Drug Information Services / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D008508:Medication Errors / Q000145:classification / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D002220:Carbamazepine; D011431:Dextropropoxyphene; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors