title: Spina bifida occulta in functional enuresis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study incidence of spina bifida occulta in nocturnal enuresis cases and to compare outcome of enuresis with spina bifida occulta and enuresis without spina bifida occulta.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with enuresis divided into two groups based on X-ray lumbosacral spine. Outcome of these patients were compared on behavioral therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Spina bifida occulta was detected in 18 out of total 48 patients. Levels of spina bifida were L5 vertebrae in 3,L5-S1 in 5,S1 in 8 and S1-S2 in 2 patients. Outcome was evaluated in 42 patients who were followed up for more than 6 months. There was no significant difference between both the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Spina bifida occulta is a common finding in enuresis. Outcome of patients with spina bifida occulta is not different than the patients without spina bifida occulta.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Kalawati Saran Children's Hospital, Lady Hardinge Medical College, New Delhi, India. kumardrpraveen@rediffmail.com
authors.forename: Praveen
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aneja
authors.forename: Ramesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Veena
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Taluja
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004775:Enuresis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016136:Spina Bifida Occulta / Q000150:complications*; D016896:Treatment Outcome