title: Interrelations between the parasitophorous vacuole of Toxoplasma gondii and host cell organelles.
abstract: Toxoplasma gondii, the causative agent of toxoplasmosis, is capable of actively penetrating and multiplying in any nucleated cell of warm-blooded animals. Its survival strategies include escape from fusion of the parasitophorous vacuole with host cell lysosomes and rearrangement of host cell organelles in relation to the parasitophorous vacuole. In this article we report the rearrangement of host cell organelles and elements of the cytoskeleton of LLCMK2 cells, a lineage derived from green monkey kidney epithelial cells, in response to infection by T. gondii tachyzoites. Transmission electron microscopy made on flat embedded monolayers cut horizontally to the apical side of the cells or field emission scanning electron microscopy of monolayers scraped with scotch tape before sputtering showed that association of mitochondria to the vacuole is much less frequent than previously described. On the other hand, all parasitophorous vacuoles were surrounded by elements of the endoplasmic reticulum. These data were complemented by observations by laser scanning microscopy using fluorescent probes from mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum and reinforced by three-dimensional reconstruction from serial sections observed by transmission electron microscopy and labeling of mitochondria and endoplasmic reticulum by fluorescent probes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Ultraestrutura Celular Hertha Meyer, Instituto de Biofísica Carlos Chagas Filho, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, CCS-Bloco G, CEP 21949-900-Rio de Janeiro-RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Rodrigo Cardoso
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Magno
authors.forename: Lorian Cobra
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Straker
authors.forename: Wanderley
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: de Souza
authors.forename: Marcia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Attias
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000469:parasitology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D017348:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning Transmission; D015388:Organelles / Q000469:parasitology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000648:ultrastructure