title: Using concept mapping to design an indicator framework for addiction treatment centres.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study is to determine an indicator framework for addiction treatment centres based on the demands of stakeholders and in alignment with the European Foundation for Quality Management (EFQM) Excellence Model.
  
  
  METHODS
  The setting is the Jellinek Centre based in Amsterdam, the Netherlands, which serves as a prototype for an addiction treatment centre.
  
  
  METHODS
  Concept mapping was used in the construction of the indicator framework. During the 1-day workshop, 16 stakeholders generated, prioritized and sorted 73 items concerning quality and performance. Multidimensional scaling and cluster analysis was applied in constructing a framework consisting of two dimensions and eight clusters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The horizontal axis of the indicator framework is named 'Organization' and has two poles, namely, 'Processes' and 'Results'. The vertical axis is named ' Task' and the poles are named 'Efficient treatment' and 'Prevention programs'. The eight clusters in the two-dimensional framework are arranged in the following, prioritized sequence: 'Efficient treatment network', 'Effective service', ' Target group', 'Quality of life', 'Efficient service', 'Knowledge transfer', 'Reducing addiction related problems', and 'Prevention programs'. The most important items in the framework are: 'patients are satisfied with their treatment', 'early interventions', and 'efficient treatment chain'.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The indicator framework aligns with three clusters of the results criteria of the EFQM Excellence Model. It is based on the stakeholders' perspectives and is believed to be specific for addiction treatment centres. The study demonstrates that concept mapping is a suitable strategy for generating indicator frameworks.
authors.affiliation: Free University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. unabitz@jellinek.nl
authors.forename: Udo
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Nabitz
authors.forename: Wim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: van Den Brink
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jansen
mesh_terms: D019985:Benchmarking; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003210:Concept Formation; D032921:Consensus; D005060:Europe; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D009426:Netherlands; D011314:Preventive Health Services / Q000592:standards*; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care / Q000145:classification*; D011788:Quality of Life; D016320:Substance Abuse Treatment Centers / Q000592:standards*; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017749:Total Quality Management