Cytotoxicity, genotoxicity and antimutagenicity of hexane extracts of Agaricus blazei determined in vitro by the comet assay and CHO/HGPRT gene mutation assay.
Agaricus blazei Murrill ss. Heinem, known as the sun mushroom or himematsutake, is a basidiomycete native to Brazil, which is popular for its medicinal properties. The aim of this study was to test hexane extracts (one fraction and its four sub-fractions) of A. blazei for bioactivity in cultured mammalian cells (CHO-K1). The comet assay, the colony forming assay (CFA) and CHO/HGPRT gene mutation assay were used respectively to determine genotoxicity, cytotoxicity and antimutagenicity of these extracts at different concentrations. The cells were incubated in culture medium and treated for 3h according to the standard protocol for each assay. The DNA damage-inducing agent ethylmethane sulfonate (EMS) was utilized as the positive control and also in combination with extracts to test for a protective effect. Statistical analysis of the data was performed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Tukey's test. A relationship between cytotoxicity and genotoxicity could be established and two extracts EH6B and EH6D showed a protective tendency, while the others did not, with the primary extract EH6 causing the most substantial damage to genetic material. These findings warrant more in-depth studies of the active principles of this mushroom.
Machado
Melissa Pereira
MP
Universidade Estadual de Londrina, Biologia Geral, CCB, BIO, 86051-990 Londrina, Paraná, Brazil. biomsm@uel.br
Filho
Edson Rodrigues
ER
Terezan
Ana Paula
AP
Ribeiro
Lúcia Regina
LR
Mantovani
Mário Sérgio
MS
D000364:Agaricus / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016466:CHO Cells; D020552:Comet Assay; D006224:Cricetinae; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D005020:Ethyl Methanesulfonate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity; D007041:Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase / Q000235:genetics*; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity; D014410:Tumor Stem Cell Assay
D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009153:Mutagens; D005020:Ethyl Methanesulfonate; D007041:Hypoxanthine Phosphoribosyltransferase