title: Arterial stiffness evaluated by measurement of the QKD interval is an independent predictor of cardiovascular events.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The QKD interval is the time between the QRS wave on the electrocardiogram (ECG) and the detection of the last Korotkoff sound during BP measurement. Measurement of the QKD interval during ambulatory blood pressure (BP) monitoring provides an automatic evaluation of arterial stiffness. The objective of this longitudinal study was to examine the relationship between arterial stiffness assessed by this method and the occurrence of cardiovascular complications in a cohort of initially untreated hypertensive patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The initially untreated hypertensive patients were included in the cohort of hypertensives recruited to our center between January 1992 and December 1999. All benefited from ambulatory measurement of the QKD interval and BP over 24 h. Most of these patients were given antihypertensive treatment and were followed up by their family physicians, who were unaware of the QKD results. Their outcome was evaluated in 2003 by inquiring of the patients themselves or of their family physicians.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The initial population comprised 412 patients. At the end point, 33 had been lost to follow-up. We recorded 49 cardiovascular events in this population with an average follow up of 65 +/- 36 months. In a Cox model, the arterial stiffness assessed by the QKD(100-60) as a percentage of the height-predicted normal value was significantly associated with the occurrence of cardiovascular complications, independent of age and mean 24-h BP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study using ambulatory measurement of the QKD interval showed that an increase in arterial stiffness was a marker of cardiovascular risk. We show for the first time that its value persists after taking account of the mean systolic pressure over 24 h.
authors.affiliation: Service de Cardiologie/Hypertension Artérielle, Hôpital Saint André, Bordeaux, France. philippe.gosse@chu-bordeaux.fr
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gosse
authors.forename: Raphaël
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lasserre
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Minifié
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lemetayer
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Clementy
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001158:Arteries / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003187:Compliance; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006347:Heart Sounds; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors