title: Sargachromenol, a novel nerve growth factor-potentiating substance isolated from Sargassum macrocarpum, promotes neurite outgrowth and survival via distinct signaling pathways in PC12D cells.
abstract: We previously found that the methanol extract of a marine brown alga, Sargassum macrocarpum showed marked nerve growth factor (NGF)-dependent neurite outgrowth promoting activity to PC12D cells. The active substance purified was elucidated to be sargachromenol. The median effective dose (ED50) was 9 microM against PC12D cells in the presence of 10 ng/ml NGF, although it showed no neurotrophic effect on its own. Pretreatment of cells with protein kinase A (PKA) inhibitor or U0126 substantially suppressed the sargachromenol-enhanced neurite outgrowth from PC12D cells, suggesting that the activation of cyclic AMP-mediated protein kinase and mitogen-activated protein (MAP) kinase 1/2 was apparently required for the action of sargachromenol. On the other hand, sargachromenol significantly promoted the survival of neuronal PC12D cells at 0-50 ng/ml NGF in serum-free medium. Neither PKA inhibitor nor U0126 could inhibit the survival supporting effect of sargachromenol, whereas wortmannin significantly blocked the sargachromenol-induced survival supporting effect on neuronal PC12D cells, suggesting that sargachromenol rescued neuronal PC12D cells by activating phosphatidylinositol-3 kinase. These results demonstrate that sargachromenol promotes neuronal differentiation of PC12D cells and supports the survival of neuronal PC12D cells via two distinct signaling pathways.
authors.affiliation: Coastal Bioenvironment Center, Saga University, Karatsu, Saga 847-0021, Japan.
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Tsang
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ina
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamei
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D032404:Nardostachys / Q000502:physiology; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016501:Neurites / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D016716:PC12 Cells; D051381:Rats; D044647:Sargassum / Q000737:chemistry*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D001578:Benzopyrans; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; C503204:sargachromenol; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3