title: Single cell analysis shows decreasing FoxP3 and TGFbeta1 coexpressing CD4+CD25+ regulatory T cells during autoimmune diabetes.
abstract: Natural CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T (CD4(+)CD25(+) T reg) cells play a key role in the immunoregulation of autoimmunity. However, little is known about the interactions between CD4(+)CD25(+) T reg cells and autoreactive T cells. This is due, in part, to the difficulty of using cell surface markers to identify CD4(+)CD25(+) T reg cells accurately. Using a novel real-time PCR assay, mRNA copy number of FoxP3, TGFbeta1, and interleukin (IL)-10 was measured in single cells to characterize and quantify CD4(+)CD25(+) T reg cells in the nonobese diabetic (NOD) mouse, a murine model for type 1 diabetes (T1D). The suppressor function of CD4(+)CD25(+)CD62L(hi) T cells, mediated by TGFbeta, declined in an age-dependent manner. This loss of function coincided with a temporal decrease in the percentage of FoxP3 and TGFbeta1 coexpressing T cells within pancreatic lymph node and islet infiltrating CD4(+)CD25(+)CD62L(hi) T cells, and was detected in female NOD mice but not in NOD male mice, or NOR or C57BL/6 female mice. These results demonstrate that the majority of FoxP3-positive CD4(+)CD25(+) T reg cells in NOD mice express TGFbeta1 but not IL-10, and that a defect in the maintenance and/or expansion of this pool of immunoregulatory effectors is associated with the progression of T1D.
authors.affiliation: Curriculum in Oral Biology, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
authors.forename: Shannon M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Pop
authors.forename: Carmen P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Donna A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Culton
authors.forename: Stephen H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Clarke
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tisch
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D015870:Gene Expression; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012737:Sex Factors; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000378:metabolism*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; C498833:Foxp3 protein, mouse; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C508961:Tgfb1 protein, mouse; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D016753:Interleukin-10