title: Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome in a child with acute lymphoblastic leukemia undergoing induction chemotherapy: case report.
abstract: Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar nonketotic syndrome, a life-threatening complication commonly associated with uncontrolled type 2 diabetes mellitus in adults, is characterized by severe hyperglycemia, a marked increase in serum osmolality, and clinical evidence of dehydration without the accumulation of beta-hydroxybutyric or acetoacetic ketoacids. There is a variable alteration in sensorium. The syndrome has been rarely reported in children with leukemia undergoing induction therapy. The authors' aim is to sensitize physicians to this life-threatening illness, which can be treated effectively if diagnosed early.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Advanced Pediatric Centre, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, 160012 Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Venkatraman
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jayashree
authors.forename: Sunit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Singhi
authors.forename: Ram K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Marwaha
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006944:Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Coma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents