title: Oridonin, a diterpenoid purified from Rabdosia rubescens, inhibits the proliferation of cells from lymphoid malignancies in association with blockade of the NF-kappa B signal pathways.
abstract: This study found that oridonin, a natural diterpenoid purified from Rabdosia rubescens, inhibited growth of multiple myeloma (MM; U266, RPMI8226), acute lymphoblastic T-cell leukemia (Jurkat), and adult T-cell leukemia (MT-1) cells with an effective dose that inhibited 50% of target cells (ED50) ranging from 0.75 to 2.7 microg/mL. Terminal deoxynucleotidyltransferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling staining showed that oridonin caused apoptosis of MT-1 cells in a time-dependent manner. We explored effects of oridonin on antiapoptotic Bcl-2 family members and found that it down-regulated levels of Mcl-1 and BCL-x(L), but not Bcl-2 protein, in both MT-1 and RPMI8226 cells. Further studies found that oridonin inhibited nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) DNA-binding activity in these cells as measured by luciferase reporter gene, ELISA-based, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays. Oridonin also blocked tumor necrosis factor-alpha- and lipopolysaccharide-stimulated NF-kappa B activity in Jurkat cells as well as RAW264.7 murine macrophages. Of note, oridonin decreased survival of freshly isolated adult T-cell leukemia (three samples), acute lymphoblastic leukemia (one sample), chronic lymphocytic leukemia (one sample), non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (three samples), and MM (four samples) cells from patients in association with inhibition of NF-kappa B DNA-binding activity. On the other hand, oridonin did not affect survival of normal lymphoid cells from healthy volunteers. Taken together, oridonin might be useful as adjunctive therapy for individuals with lymphoid malignancies, including the lethal disease adult T-cell leukemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Respiratory Medicine, KMS, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, 783-8505 Kochi, Japan. ikezoet@med.kochi-ms.ac.jp
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikezoe
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bandobashi
authors.forename: Tsuyako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takemoto
authors.forename: Hisanori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Machida
authors.forename: Kazuto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Togitani
authors.forename: H Phillip
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Koeffler
authors.forename: Hirokuni
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Taguchi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045786:Diterpenes, Kaurane; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D037602:Isodon / Q000378:metabolism*; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D007938:Leukemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D008956:Models, Chemical; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D008517:Phytotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D013936:Thymidine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014162:Transfection; D014343:Trypan Blue / Q000494:pharmacology; D051020:bcl-X Protein
chemical_list: C494811:BCL2L1 protein, human; C494812:Bcl2l1 protein, mouse; D004224:Diterpenes; D045786:Diterpenes, Kaurane; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D010936:Plant Extracts; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051020:bcl-X Protein; C011959:oridonin; D014343:Trypan Blue; D013936:Thymidine