Pain management in children: developmental considerations and mind-body therapies.
One of the most challenging roles of medical providers serving children is to appropriately assess and treat their pain. Pain is one of the most misunderstood, underdiagnosed, and undertreated/ untreated medical problems, particularly in children. New JCAHO regulations regard pain as "the fifth vital sign" and require caregivers to regularly assess and address pain. This review focuses on the clinical assessment of pain, based on a developmental model and addresses common beliefs and myths that affect the management of pain in children. We provide a review of the pain literature that focuses on the integration of mind-body therapies into the management of procedure-related pain, headache, and recurrent abdominal pain in children.
Gerik
Susan M
SM
Pediatrics and Family Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston, TX 77555-0340, USA. sgerik@utmb.edu
D000293:Adolescent; D001676:Biofeedback, Psychology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D000529:Complementary Therapies / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006990:Hypnosis; D019018:Imagery, Psychotherapy; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D010146:Pain / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis; D059408:Pain Management; D011603:Psychophysiology