title: NEMO mutations in 2 unrelated boys with severe infections and conical teeth.
abstract: X-linked recessive anhidrotic ectodermal dysplasia with immunodeficiency is a developmental and immunologic disorder caused by mutations in nuclear factor-kappaB essential modulator (NEMO), which is essential for nuclear factor-kappaB activation. Early in life, affected boys present a typical appearance, with hypotrichosis or atrichosis, hypohidrosis or anhidrosis, and hypodontia or anodontia with conical incisors. They are also susceptible to various microorganisms, mostly pyogenic bacteria and mycobacteria. Here we report 2 unrelated boys, aged 6 and 11 years, who have novel mutations in NEMO and present conical incisors and hypodontia as their sole and long-unrecognized developmental anomaly. One child had isolated recurrent pneumococcal disease, whereas the other had multiple infections. Our observations indicate that conical incisors should prompt the search for NEMO mutations in boys with unusual infectious diseases.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Human Genetics of Infectious Diseases, University of Paris René Descartes-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale U550, Necker Medical School, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Cheng-Lung
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dupuis-Girod
authors.forename: Anna-Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Dittrich
authors.forename: Jacinta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bustamante
authors.forename: Orchidée Filipe
authors.initials: OF
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Ilka
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schulze
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bertrand
authors.forename: Gérard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Couly
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bodemer
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Bossuyt
authors.forename: Capucine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Picard
authors.forename: Jean-Laurent
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Casanova
mesh_terms: D000848:Anodontia / Q000235:genetics; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D004476:Ectodermal Dysplasia / Q000235:genetics*; D040181:Genetic Diseases, X-Linked / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000097:blood; D007153:Immunologic Deficiency Syndromes / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D009154:Mutation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D014071:Tooth Abnormalities / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D007136:Immunoglobulins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; C496559:CHUK protein, human; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase; C496560:IKBKB protein, human; C496565:IKBKE protein, human