title: Characterization and management of paradoxical upgrading reactions in HIV-uninfected patients with lymph node tuberculosis.
abstract: In a retrospective analysis, paradoxical deterioration of lymph node tuberculosis in human immunodeficiency virus-uninfected patients was common, occurring in 25 (23%) of 109 patients after treatment had been given for a median of 46 days (interquartile range, 21-139 days) and persisting for a median of 67.5 days (interquartile range, 34-111 days). We found no association between the use of steroids and the duration of reaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infection and Tropical Medicine, North West London Hospitals National Health Service Trust, Northwick Park Hospital, Harrow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Charlotte R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Hawkey
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yap
authors.forename: Janis
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: David A J
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Robert N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: Geoffrey
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pasvol
authors.forename: Onn Min
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Kon
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Wall
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Wilkinson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014388:Tuberculosis, Lymph Node / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000995:Antitubercular Agents