title: Immunohistochemical identification of the pacemaker cajal cells in the normal human vagina.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is claimed that the electric waves recorded from the gut and urinary system are generated from specialized cells called interstitial cells of Cajal (ICCs). As the vagina exhibits electric activity, we investigated the hypothesis that ICCs could be detected in its wall.
  
  
  METHODS
  Vaginal specimens were obtained from 28 female cadavers (mean age 34.8+/-10.8 SD years) and fixed sections were prepared for immunohistochemical investigations using the specific ICC marker c-kit. Controls for antisera specificity consisted of tissue incubated with normal rabbit serum substituted for the primary antiserum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Branching, c-kit-positive ICC-like cells were found in the muscular layer of the vagina. They were clearly distinguishable from the smooth muscle cells which were c-kit negative and not branched and from the c-kit positive non-branched mast cells. Immunoreactivity was absent in the negative controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have, for the first time, identified in the vagina ICCs that may be responsible for initiating the slow waves recorded from the vaginal smooth muscle cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Experimental Research, Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, 2 Talaat Harb Street, Cairo, 11121, Egypt. shafik@ahmedshafik.com
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shafik
authors.forename: Olfat
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: El-Sibai
authors.forename: Ismail
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shafik
authors.forename: Ali A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Shafik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers; D002102:Cadaver; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007106:Immune Sera / Q000276:immunology; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000276:immunology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000502:physiology; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D011817:Rabbits; D014621:Vagina / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007106:Immune Sera; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D019009:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-kit