title: Measurements of finger doses in x-ray guided surgery, nuclear medicine and research.
abstract: The Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority has performed measurements of finger doses to nuclear medicine staff exposed to 99Tc(m), researchers handling 32P, surgeons performing X-ray guided orthopaedic surgery and surgeons and radiologists performing X-ray guided endovascular treatment of abdominal aortic aneurysms (AAA). Calibrations were done with X-ray qualities N-40, N-60 and N-300 and with the beta source 90Sr + 90Y. Annual doses were estimated for the nuclear medicine staff and the orthopaedic surgeons. The mean annual finger dose to nuclear medicine staff exposed to 99Tc(m) was estimated to be 18.8 mSv, and the mean annual finger dose to surgeons performing X-ray guided orthopaedic surgery was 13.7 mSv. The surgeons and radiologists performing X-ray guided endovascular treatment of AAA received a mean finger dose of 0.35 mSv per treatment. The majority of researchers handling 32P received no finger dose at all, and the maximum reading was 1.65 mSv. All occupational groups received finger doses well below the annual finger dose limit of 500 mSv.
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Radiation Protection Authority, P.O. Box 55, N-1332 Østerås, Norway. hilde.kjernlie.sather@nrpa.no
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Saether
authors.forename: T-M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Widmark
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wøhni
mesh_terms: D017544:Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002138:Calibration; D005385:Fingers / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D009683:Nuclear Medicine; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D010761:Phosphorus Radioisotopes; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011834:Radiation Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D011835:Radiation Protection; D011874:Radiometry; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D012107:Research Design; D013326:Strontium Radioisotopes; D013667:Technetium; D014965:X-Rays; D015021:Yttrium Radioisotopes
chemical_list: D010761:Phosphorus Radioisotopes; D013326:Strontium Radioisotopes; D015021:Yttrium Radioisotopes; D013667:Technetium