title: Texture analysis from synchrotron diffraction images with the Rietveld method: dinosaur tendon and salmon scale.
abstract: A Rietveld method is described which extracts information on crystal structure, texture and microstructure directly from two-dimensional synchrotron diffraction images. This is advantageous over conventional texture analysis that relies on individual diffraction peaks, particularly for low-symmetry materials with many overlapping peaks and images with a poor peak-to-background ratio. The method is applied to two mineralized biological samples with hydroxylapatite fabrics: an ossified pachycephalosaurid dinosaur tendon and an Atlantic salmon scale. Both are measured using monochromatic synchrotron X-rays. The dinosaur tendon has very strongly oriented crystals with c-axes parallel to the tendon direction. The salmon scale displays a weak texture.
authors.affiliation: Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of California, Berkeley, 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lonardelli
authors.forename: Hans Rudolf
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Wenk
authors.forename: Luca
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lutterotti
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goodwin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003460:Crystallization; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray / Q000379:methods*; D025061:Dinosaurs; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry*; D010784:Photomicrography; D012474:Salmon; D013499:Surface Properties; D017356:Synchrotrons; D013710:Tendons / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D017886:Durapatite