title: Investigation of class characteristics in English handwriting of the three main racial groups: Chinese, Malay and Indian in Singapore.
abstract: This paper investigated the class characteristics in English handwriting of the Chinese, Malays and Indians in Singapore, many of whom learned their native language as a second language. One hundred and fifty-four handwriting exemplars were collected and features such as letter designs, pen-lifts, letter spacing and embellishments were studied. A number of characteristic features peculiar to the individual racial group were identified, which confirmed the impact of their native language writing systems on English handwriting.
authors.affiliation: Forensic Document Examiner, San Jose, CA 95134, USA.
authors.forename: Nellie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Gek Kwee
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Bei Sing
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Yap
authors.forename: Lee Tiang
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sock Kim
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Koon Puay
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D005260:Female; D044707:Forensic Sciences / Q000379:methods; D006236:Handwriting; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000208:ethnology; D007802:Language; D008296:Malaysia / Q000208:ethnology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D044469:Racial Groups; D012846:Singapore