title: A short duration transient ischemia induces apoptosis in retinal layers: an experimental study in rabbits.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate retinal cell apoptosis in an experimental transient, short duration ocular ischemia model.
  
  
  METHODS
  An experimental ischemia model, which simulates creating temporary high intraocular pressure to control intraocular bleeding during pars plana vitrectomy, was set up. Rabbits were randomly divided into three groups. Group 1 was the control group. In Group 2, intraocular pressure was increased to 97 mmHg for 5 minutes. In Group 3, intraocular pressure was increased to 97 mmHg for 10 minutes. After 24 hours, terminal deoxyribonucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick-end labeling assay was used to detect retinal apoptosis in rabbit eyes. Only nuclear staining in retinal cells was counted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Groups with 5 minutes and 10 minutes of ischemia showed significantly higher amount of ganglion cell layer apoptosis when compared with the control group (p<0.05). Light microscopy and standard hematoxylin-eosin did not show any significant damage in the retina cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Apoptotic cell death in the retinal cell layers occurs in temporary ischemia-reperfusion as early as 5 and 10 minutes duration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Mersin University, School of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey. ozayoz@mersin.edu.tr
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Oz
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gürelik
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Akyürek
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cinel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hondur
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D011817:Rabbits; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D012161:Retinal Artery / Q000473:pathology*; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000473:pathology*