title: Status Dystonicus: study of five cases.
abstract: Status Dystonicus (SD) is characterized by generalized muscle contractions in dystonic patients. We report 5 cases of SD, two of which in patients with dystonic cerebral palsy, one in a patient with primary segmental dystonia, one in a patient with Hallervorden-Spatz syndrome and one in a patient with Wilson's disease (WD). Three patients were admitted to an intensive care unit and treated with propofol and midazolam, and two were submitted to neurosurgical procedures (bilateral pallidotomy and bilateral pallidal deep brain stimulation). Triggering factors were identified in three patients as follows: infection, stress-induced and zinc therapy for WD. On follow-up, two patients presented with significant improvement of dystonia, whereas the other three cases the clinical picture ultimately returned to baseline pre-SD condition.
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Neurologia, Hospital de Clínicas, Universidade Federal do Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil. hagteive@mps.com.br
authors.forename: Hélio A G
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Teive
authors.forename: Renato P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Munhoz
authors.forename: Mônica M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Sérgio A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Antoniuk
authors.forename: Mara Lucia S F
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Santos
authors.forename: Manoel Jacobsen
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Teixeira
authors.forename: Egberto Reis
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Barbosa
authors.forename: Rodrigo C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Carvalho
authors.forename: Milberto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scaff
authors.forename: Lineu César
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Werneck
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D020821:Dystonic Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003402:Creatine Kinase