A toxicologic and dermatologic assessment of cinnamyl alcohol, cinnamaldehyde and cinnamic acid when used as fragrance ingredients.
Bickers
D
D
Department of Dermatology, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, 161 Fort Washington Avenue, New York, NY 10032, USA.
Calow
P
P
Greim
H
H
Hanifin
J M
JM
Rogers
A E
AE
Saurat
J H
JH
Sipes
I G
IG
Smith
R L
RL
Tagami
H
H
D000171:Acrolein / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D017484:Dermatitis, Phototoxic / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005421:Flavoring Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000139:chemically induced; D008297:Male; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D019055:No-Observed-Adverse-Effect Level; D010476:Perfume / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D020005:Propanols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology*; D012869:Skin Absorption; D014018:Tissue Distribution
D002934:Cinnamates; D005421:Flavoring Agents; D010476:Perfume; D020005:Propanols; C029010:cinnamic acid; D000171:Acrolein; C012843:cinnamaldehyde; C020722:cinnamyl alcohol