title: Is a diagnostic CT of the brain indicated in patients with choroidal metastases before radiotherapy?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is no evidence in the literature about the incidence of synchronous brain metastases in patients with choroidal metastases. This is of major importance, because the radiation fields of choroidal metastases and, later on, brain metastases, if treated consecutively, are partly overlapping, thus potentially increasing the rate of late side effects such as brain necrosis. The goal of this study was to determine the frequency of synchronous brain metastases.
  
  
  METHODS
  50 patients with choroidal metastases were enrolled into a study of the "Arbeitsgemeinschaft Radiologische Onkologie" of the German Cancer Society (ARO 95-08) with standardized 40 Gy radiotherapy, 2 Gy single dose. All patients were staged before treatment with a computed tomography of the brain (CCT). No patient showed clinical signs of brain metastases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  13 out of 50 patients (26%) had brain metastases in the CCT leading to radiotherapy of the brain and choroidal metastases in one volume.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A CCT is indicated at the diagnosis of choroidal metastases for screening of synchronous brain metastases. The incidence is about 25%, and the diagnosis of brain metastases results in a different target volume: the whole brain including the posterior parts of the eyes compared to the posterior parts of the eyes alone. Therefore, the risk of late side effects could be reduced compared with an additional later radiotherapy of the whole brain with partly overlapping fields.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology and Radiotherapy, Charité-Campus Benjamin Franklin, Berlin, Germany. dirk.bottke@medizin.uni-ulm.de
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bottke
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wiegel
authors.forename: Klaus-Martin
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Kreusel
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Höcht
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hinkelbein
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000556:secondary*; D002830:Choroid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000556:secondary*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome