title: Glucose transporter-1 expression in urothelial papilloma of the bladder.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Urothelial papilloma should be distinguished from low-grade urothelial carcinoma. We report our experience with glucose transporter-1 (Glut-1) expression in urothelial papilloma.
  
  
  METHODS
  From January 1987 to December 2002, 32 patients with papilloma were diagnosed. Glut-1 protein expression was studied in 32 cases of papilloma and 30 cases of carcinoma. Clinical information was obtained by chart review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age was 54.7 years, and the solitary lesion was 78.1%. No case of bladder papilloma expressed Glut-1 protein even in cases of recurrent papilloma. However, 67% of urothelial carcinoma specimens were stained for Glut-1 protein. Two patients developed recurrent papilloma (6.2%), 1 of whom (3.1%) developed an urothelial carcinoma 4 years after diagnosis of papilloma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study showed that papilloma does not express the Glut-1 protein in contrast to urothelial carcinoma. This distinctive expression pattern of Glut-1 will possibly contribute to differentiate urothelial papilloma from low-grade urothelial carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, School of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Jee-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Youn-Wha
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sung-Goo
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010212:Papilloma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019459:Urothelium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; C495677:SLC2A1 protein, human