A controlled trial of ondansetron in the pruritus of cholestasis.
BACKGROUND
In patients with pruritus of cholestasis, response to conventional drug treatment may be unsatisfactory. Activation of 5-hydroxytryptamine receptors on dermal sensory nerve-endings plays a role in the perception of pruritus. The 5-hydroxytryptamine(3) receptor antagonist, ondansetron, has been used in the treatment of pruritus of cholestasis, but there are few controlled data.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether ondansetron is effective in treating the pruritus of cholestasis.


METHODS
A total of 19 patients with resistant pruritus were randomized, double blind, to receive either ondansetron 8 mg or placebo as a single intravenous bolus, followed by oral ondansetron 8 mg or placebo twice daily for 5 days. Patients' perception of pruritus was recorded hourly using a visual analogue scale, and scratching activity measured by means of a piezo-electric crystal attached to the fingernail.


RESULTS
Mean pruritus score using visual analogue scale and scratching activity were reduced on the first treatment day compared with baseline in both the ondansetron and placebo groups (P < 0.05), but there were no significant differences in mean pruritus perception or scratching activity between the two groups.


CONCLUSIONS
Ondansetron was of no benefit in this group of pruritic patients during short-term treatment.
O'Donohue
J W
JW
Institute of Liver Studies, King's College Hospital, London, UK. johnod13@yahoo.com
Pereira
S P
SP
Ashdown
A C
AC
Haigh
C G
CG
Wilkinson
J R
JR
Williams
R
R
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000982:Antipruritics / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002779:Cholestasis / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008105:Liver Cirrhosis, Biliary / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017294:Ondansetron / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011537:Pruritus / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000982:Antipruritics; D017294:Ondansetron