Twenty years of calcium imaging: cell physiology to dye for.
The use of fluorescent dyes over the past two decades has led to a revolution in our understanding of calcium signaling. Given the ubiquitous role of Ca(2+) in signal transduction at the most fundamental levels of molecular, cellular, and organismal biology, it has been challenging to understand how the specificity and versatility of Ca(2+) signaling is accomplished. In excitable cells, the coordination of changing Ca(2+) concentrations at global (cellular) and well-defined subcellular spaces through the course of membrane depolarization can now be conceptualized in the context of disease processes such as cardiac arrhythmogenesis. The spatial and temporal dimensions of Ca(2+) signaling are similarly important in non-excitable cells, such as endothelial and epithelial cells, to regulate multiple signaling pathways that participate in organ homeostasis as well as cellular organization and essential secretory processes.
Knot
Harm J
HJ
Department of Pharmacology & Therapeutics and Division of Cardiology College of Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.
Laher
Ismail
I
Sobie
Eric A
EA
Guatimosim
Silvia
S
Gomez-Viquez
Leticia
L
Hartmann
Hali
H
Song
Long-Sheng
LS
Lederer
W J
WJ
Graier
Wolfgang F
WF
Malli
Roland
R
Frieden
Maud
M
Petersen
Ole H
OH
D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling; D002468:Cell Physiological Phenomena; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology; D051381:Rats; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013997:Time Factors
D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D002118:Calcium