title: Early manifestations in multiple-low-dose streptozotocin-induced diabetes in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Administration of multiple low doses of streptozotocin (mld-SZ) to mice results in the development of autoimmune diabetes. Hyperglycemia does not develop until a few days after the last injection. In this study, we explored immune-related alterations found in the very early stages of this diabetic syndrome and the capacity of mononuclear spleen cells (MSs) from mld-SZ mice to impair insulin secretion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice injected with mld-SZ were used as an animal model of type 1 diabetes. MSs were isolated from control and mld-SZ mice at days 4, 6, 9, 12, and 16 after the first injection of the diabetogenic drug. MSs were transferred to normal syngeneic recipients or were cocultured with dispersed rat islet cells as an in vitro insulin secretion study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MSs from mld-SZ mice were able to diminish insulin secretion when transferred to normal syngeneic recipients and presented anti-beta-cell immune aggression when cocultured with dispersed rat islet cells as early as day 4 after mld-SZ administration. This capacity persisted throughout the experimental period. As early as 6 days after mld-SZ, islets showed insulitis followed by cell death with progressive severity. Hyperglycemia and diminished insulin secretion from perifused pancreatic islets only appeared at day 9 after mld-SZ.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that transferred or cocultured MSs from mld-SZ mice exert a functional immune aggression against beta cells at a very early stage, before donor mice develop impaired insulin secretion and hyperglycemia.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigaciones Endocrinológicas, CONICET, Hospital de Niños Ricardo Gutiérrez, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Liliana M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Karabatas
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pastorale
authors.forename: Lidia Fabiano
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: de Bruno
authors.forename: Fabricio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Maschi
authors.forename: Omar H
authors.initials: OH
authors.lastname: Pivetta
authors.forename: Yolanda B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Lombardo
authors.forename: Héctor
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chemes
authors.forename: Juan C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Basabe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015551:Autoimmunity / Q000187:drug effects*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D013311:Streptozocin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D013311:Streptozocin