title: Recovery of hemoglobin oxygen saturation and intrinsic fluorescence with a forward-adjoint model.
abstract: We present two forward-adjoint models for recovering intrinsic fluorescence spectra and hemoglobin oxygen saturation of turbid samples. The first fits measured diffuse reflectance spectra to obtain the absorption and scattering spectra of the medium, and these are then used to correct distortions imposed on the fluorescence spectrum by absorption and scattering. The second fits only the measured fluorescence spectrum to determine simultaneously the amplitudes of absorption and fluorescence basis spectra and scattering parameters. Both methods are validated with Monte Carlo simulations and experimentally in scattering phantoms containing nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide and human erythrocytes. Preliminary measurements from murine tumors in vivo are presented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Radiology, University of Rochester, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box 648, Rochester, New York 14642-0001, USA. finlay@xrt.upenn.edu
authors.forename: Jarod C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Finlay
authors.forename: Thomas H
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Foster
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008954:Models, Biological; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D009391:Nephelometry and Turbidimetry / Q000379:methods*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D006454:Hemoglobins; D010100:Oxygen