title: Genotype, phenotype and cancer: role of low penetrance genes and environment in tumour susceptibility.
abstract: Role of heredity and lifestyle in sporadic cancers is well documented. Here we focus on the influence of low penetrance genes and habits, with emphasis on tobacco habit in causing head and neck cancers. Role of such gene-environment interaction can be well studied in individuals with multiple primary cancers. Thus such a biological model may elucidate that cancer causation is not solely due to genetic determinism but also significantly relies on lifestyle of the individual.
authors.affiliation: Genetic Engineering, ACTREC, Tata Memorial Centre, Kharghar, Navi Mumbai 410 208, India.
authors.forename: Ashwin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kotnis
authors.forename: Rajiv
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sarin
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mulherkar
mesh_terms: D004777:Environment; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D033141:Genetic Determinism; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D019683:Penetrance; D010641:Phenotype; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide