title: The oxidative stress response of the yeast Candida intermedia to copper, zinc, and selenium exposure.
abstract: The yeast Candida intermedia, as a model organism, was used to examine the links between the metal ions exposure, reactive oxygen species generation and oxidative stress response. To estimate intracellular peroxide and superoxide levels, the fluorescence indicators dihydrorhodamine 123 and dihydroethidium were used, respectively. Antioxidant defence systems were investigated by measuring the activity of catalase, glutathione peroxidase and superoxide dismutase and the content of reduced glutathione. Altered superoxide, peroxide, glutathione levels, and the catalase activity were perceived after the treatment with copper. In the samples treated with selenium and zinc the altered peroxide and superoxide levels, and the glutathione peroxidase activity were perceived. The results indicate that the tolerance of the yeast C. intermedia to different metal ions was correlated with the reactive oxygen species generation in the cells and with the efficiency of antioxidative defence systems.
authors.affiliation: University of Ljubljana, Biotechnical Faculty, Department of Food Science and Technology, Jamnikarjeva 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fujs
authors.forename: Zoltán
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Gazdag
authors.forename: Borut
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Poljsak
authors.forename: Vekoslava
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Stibilj
authors.forename: Radmila
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Milacic
authors.forename: Miklós
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pesti
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Raspor
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Batic
mesh_terms: D002175:Candida / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D003300:Copper / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003470:Culture Media; D005978:Glutathione / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012643:Selenium / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D015032:Zinc / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D003300:Copper; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione; D012643:Selenium; D015032:Zinc