title: Metabotropic glutamate receptors and dopamine receptors cooperate to enhance extracellular signal-regulated kinase phosphorylation in striatal neurons.
abstract: Striatal medium spiny neurons are an important site of convergence for signaling mediated by the neurotransmitters dopamine and glutamate. We report that in striatal neurons in primary culture, signaling through group I metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs) 1/5 and the D1 class of dopamine receptors (DRs) 1/5 converges to increase phosphorylation of the mitogen-activated protein kinase ERK2 (extracellular signal-regulated kinase 2). Induction of mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase-dependent signaling cascades by either mGluR1/5 or DR1/5 gave rise to increases in phosphorylation of ERK2. Coactivation of mGluR1/5 and DR1/5 with (S)-3,5-dihydroxyphenylglycine and (+)-1-phenyl-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-(1H)-3-benzazepine-7,8-diol hydrochloride enhanced the phosphorylation of ERK2. This interaction between mGluR1/5 and DR1/5 required protein kinase C (PKC), because the PKC inhibitors calphostin C, bisindolylmaleimide I, and Gö6976 blocked DR1/5-enhanced phosphorylation of ERK2. Use of the phosphatase inhibitors calyculin and okadaic acid indicated that inhibition of protein phosphatases 1 and 2A dramatically enhanced ERK2 phosphorylation by mGluR1/5. Coactivation of mGluR1/5 and DR1/5 also enhanced cAMP-response element binding protein (CREB) phosphorylation (compared with each receptor agonist alone) but did not enhance CREB-mediated transcriptional activity. Thus, signal transduction pathways activated by DR1/5 and mGluR5 interact to modify downstream events in striatal neurons while retaining numerous regulatory checkpoints.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Plasticity Section, National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. pvoul001@umaryland.edu
authors.forename: Pamela J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Voulalas
authors.forename: Lynne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Holtzclaw
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wolstenholme
authors.forename: James T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Steven E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Hyman
mesh_terms: D015647:2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000494:pharmacology; D001565:Benzoates / Q000494:pharmacology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000166:cytology*; D003998:Dicarboxylic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D008734:Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010648:Phenylacetates / Q000494:pharmacology; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011247:Pregnancy; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1 / Q000502:physiology*; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / Q000502:physiology*; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: C107349:2-chloro-5-hydroxyphenylglycine; D001552:Benzazepines; D001565:Benzoates; D003998:Dicarboxylic Acids; D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D018492:Dopamine Antagonists; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D010648:Phenylacetates; D017447:Receptors, Dopamine D1; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; C104077:metabotropic glutamate receptor type 1; C079694:alpha-methyl-4-carboxyphenylglycine; D008734:Methoxyhydroxyphenylglycol; D015647:2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D002118:Calcium; D005998:Glycine; C010117:3,4-dihydroxyphenylglycol