title: Musculoskeletal conditions of acute leukemia and malignant lymphoma in children.
abstract: We retrospectively reviewed 16 patients who presented to hospitals with orthopaedic complaints. Twelve patients experienced initial symptoms in the extremities and four patients had back pain. The leukocyte count was elevated in one patient, decreased in two patients, and normal in 13 patients. On radiographic examination, osteopenia was observed in 10 patients, osteolytic lesions were observed in five, and pathologic fractures were observed in five. Because the initial presentation of patients with leukemia often involves the musculoskeletal system, orthopaedists need to recognize the symptoms of this disease to avoid misdiagnosis and to expedite the initiation of appropriate potentially lifesaving treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe, Japan. k-daichan@ma7.seikyou.ne.jp
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Satsuma
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamegaya
authors.forename: Nobuhiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Haga
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shimomura
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujii
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshiya
mesh_terms: D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000473:pathology; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007596:Joints / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D007866:Leg / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D010014:Osteolysis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010522:Periostitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010976:Platelet Count; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012598:Sclerosis
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase