title: Molecular diagnostics by microelectronic microchips.
abstract: Molecular diagnostics is being revolutionized by the development of highly advanced technologies for DNA and RNA testing. One of the most important challenges is the integration of microelectronics to microchip-based nucleic acid technologies. The specific characteristics of these microsystems make the miniaturization and automation of any step of a molecular diagnostic procedure possible. This review describes the application of microelectronics to all the processes involved in a genetic test, particularly to sample preparation, DNA amplification and sequence variation detection.
authors.affiliation: IRCCS Ospedale San Raffaele, Head of the Clinical Molecular Biology & Cytogenetics Laboratory, Diagnostica e Ricerca San Raffaele SPA, and Unit of Genomics for Diagnosis of Human Pathologies, via Olgettina 60, 20132 Milan, Italy. ferrari.maurizio@hsr.it
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cremonesi
authors.forename: Pierangelo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bonini
authors.forename: Stefania
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stenirri
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Foglieni
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis*; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D046208:Microchip Analytical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012313:RNA / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D012313:RNA; D004247:DNA