title: Clinical inquiries. What interventions can help patients stop using chewing tobacco?
abstract: Nicotine replacement therapy (NRT), including gum and patches, decreases cravings and short-term abstinence rates, but does not improve long-term abstinence (strength of recommendation [SOR]: B, meta-analysis of small randomized controlled studies [RCT]). It is unclear if bupropion has an effect on cessation rates (SOR: B, small RCTs with conflicting results). Behavioral interventions increase abstinence rates for smokeless tobacco users (SOR: B, meta-analysis of small RCTs).
authors.affiliation: Mountain Area Health Education Center, Asheville, NC, USA.
authors.forename: Kenesha D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Mollie Ashe
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ketterman
authors.forename: Patrick O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Smith
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D016642:Bupropion / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002638:Chewing Gum; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D020340:Tobacco Use Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D014030:Tobacco, Smokeless
chemical_list: D002638:Chewing Gum; D018765:Dopamine Uptake Inhibitors; D016642:Bupropion; D009538:Nicotine