title: Mild hypothermia protects against sodium taurocholate (NaTc)-induced acute pancreatitis in rats with adverse effects on serum cytokines.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the effect of mild hypothermia in reducing pancreatic damage and improving the survival of acute hemorrhagic and necrotic pancreatitis (AHNP) in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six male Sprague-Dawley rats were studied. Sham animals (n = 12) received laparotomy and normothermia; for AHNP with normothermia (n = 12), the core temperature was maintained at 37 degrees C to 37.5 degrees C after AHNP for 2 to 5 hours; for AHNP with hypothermia (n = 12), the core temperature was maintained at 32 degrees C to 33 degrees C afterward. Serum amylase and lipase, interleukin (IL)-1beta, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) were measured. The pancreas was examined histologically. In a separate experiment, the core temperature was kept either in normothermia (n = 20) or mild hypothermia (n = 20) for 12 hours after the induction of AHNP; the animals were then returned to their cage. The survival rate was monitored up to 72 hours.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mild hypothermia significantly decreased the release of serum amylase and lipase compared with AHNP normothermia at 2 and 5 hours. Histology examination revealed significantly less tissue damage in AHNP hypothermia. There was a further increase in TNF-alpha and IL-1beta in AHNP in animals with hypothermia compared with normothermia animals. The application of mild hypothermia significantly improved the survival in animals induced with AHNP.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mild hypothermia decreases amylase and lipase release and improves a survival of AHNP in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Unit, Shanghai 6th Municipal Hospital, Medical College of Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China. wangxm@sjtu.edu.cn
authors.forename: XueMin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: DongPing
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Ming
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: YanNan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hang
authors.forename: Chuanyao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tong
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000681:Amylases / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D002756:Cholagogues and Choleretics; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D007036:Hypothermia, Induced; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000097:blood*; D008049:Lipase / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size; D010179:Pancreas / Q000473:pathology; D019283:Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D015996:Survival Rate; D013656:Taurocholic Acid; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002756:Cholagogues and Choleretics; D007375:Interleukin-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D013656:Taurocholic Acid; D008049:Lipase; D000681:Amylases