Role of p53 codon 72 polymorphism in the risk of development of distal gastric cancer.
OBJECTIVE
Mutations in the codon 72 of exon 4 in the p53 gene have been associated with higher risk in the development of several types of cancer. This polymorphism occurs with two alleles encoding either arginine (CGC) or proline (CCC). The aim of this study was to assess the role of the codon 72 polymorphism of p53 in the risk for the development of distal gastric cancer (GC) in a Mexican population.


METHODS
We studied 247 patients who were enrolled at the Servicio de Gastroenterologia, Hospital Universitario "Dr. José Eleuterio González" Universidad Autónoma de Nuevo León. The study group included 65 distal GC cases [mean age, 58.2 (22-84), median = 60, F:M = 0.6] and 182 patients without evidence of GC [mean age 53.9 (18-89), median = 53, F:M = 1.07) as the control group. The polymorphism in the codon 72 of the p53 gene was determined by PCR-RFLP in all the patients.


RESULTS
As expected, the majority of GC patients were old male. We found a previously unknown association of the Arg/Arg genotype and distal GC (OR: 1.96, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.06-3.61, p =0.03). Because of age and gender differences, cases and controls were matched in those two variables and the association of Arg/Arg genotype with distal GC persisted (OR: 2.29, 95% CI = 1.22-4.32, p = 0.01). When cases and controls were matched by age, gender, H. pylori positivity and excluding patients with atrophic gastritis and/or intestinal metaplasia (n=97) the association was stronger (OR = 2.37, 95% CI = 1.18-4.77, p = 0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study suggest that the carriage of the Arg/Arg genotype could be associated with the development of distal GC in this Mexican population.
Pérez-Pérez
Guillermo Ignacio
GI
Department of Medicine, New York University School of Medicine, New York, USA.
Bosques-Padilla
Francisco Javier
FJ
Crosatti
Maria Luisa
ML
Tijerina-Menchaca
Rolando
R
Garza-González
Elvira
E
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003062:Codon; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D005773:Gastroscopy; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011336:Probability; D011379:Prognosis; D012016:Reference Values; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000235:genetics*
D003062:Codon; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53