title: Cadaver testing to validate design criteria of an adult intraosseous infusion system.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The FAST 1 intraosseous (IO) infusion system was designed to deliver fluids and medications into the adult sternum in the prehospital and battlefield environments.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To test the prototype in 106 cadavers and excised sterna and compare it with other IO devices.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The insertion force was similar to that of other IO devices (mean, 8.5 kg; range, 2.3-19.6 kg). In 39 of 39 trials, the depth-control mechanism inserted the portal within 1.0 mm of a predetermined distance below the anterior surface of the cortical bone. If misplaced, underpenetration was more likely than overpenetration (mean displacement, -0.3 mm; SD, 0.5 mm). After release, the portal could not be advanced further into the manubrium. Marrow was accessed in 75 of 77 trials. Mean flow rates were 109 mL/min for normal saline solution and 102 mL/min for hypertonic saline/dextran, similar to the Cook Sur-Fast device.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cadaver and bench tests demonstrated the reliability and safety of the FAST 1 system at the design/prototype stage.
authors.affiliation: Pyng Medical Corp., Richmond, British Columbia, V6V 2E9, Canada.
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Judy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Findlay
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Macnab
authors.forename: Lark
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Susak
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002102:Cadaver; D004333:Drug Administration Routes; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017148:Infusions, Intraosseous / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D008875:Middle Aged; D008887:Military Medicine / Q000295:instrumentation; D013249:Sternum; D013673:Technology Assessment, Biomedical