title: Novel hydroxyl naphthoquinones with potent Cdc25 antagonizing and growth inhibitory properties.
abstract: Cdc25 phosphatases are important in cell cycle control and activate cyclin-dependent kinases (Cdk). Efforts are currently under way to synthesize specific small-molecule Cdc25 inhibitors that might have anticancer properties. NSC 95397, a protein tyrosine phosphatase antagonist from the National Cancer Institute library, was reported to be a potent Cdc25 inhibitor. We have synthesized two hydroxyl derivatives of NSC 95397, monohydroxyl-NSC 95397 and dihydroxyl-NSC 95397, which both have enhanced activity for inhibiting Cdc25s. The new analogues, especially dihydroxyl-NSC 95397, potently inhibited the growth of human hepatoma and breast cancer cells in vitro. They influenced two signaling pathways. The dual phosphorylation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) was induced, likely due to inhibition of the ERK phosphatase activity in Hep 3B cell lysate but not the dual specificity ERK phosphatase MKP-1. They also inhibited Cdc25 enzymatic activities and induced tyrosine phosphorylation of the Cdc25 target Cdks. Addition of hydroxyl groups to the naphthoquinone ring thus enhanced the potency of NSC 95397. These two new compounds may be useful probes for the biological functions of Cdc25s and have the potential for disrupting the cell cycle of growing tumor cells.
authors.affiliation: Liver Cancer Center, Starzl Transplantation Institute, Department of Surgery, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, E1552 Biomedical Science Tower, 200 Lothrop Street, Pittsburgh, PA 15213.
authors.forename: Vincent P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Peyregne
authors.forename: Siddhartha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kar
authors.forename: Seung W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Ham
authors.forename: Meifang
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ziqiu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Brian I
authors.initials: BI
authors.lastname: Carr
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019921:Biotinylation; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002474:Cell-Free System; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D054638:Dual Specificity Phosphatase 1; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013997:Time Factors; D014162:Transfection; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000737:chemistry; D020687:cdc25 Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C504348:2,3-bis(2-hydroxyethylsulfanyl)-(1,4)-5,8-dihydroxynaphthoquinone; C504347:2,3-bis(2-hydroxyethylsulfanyl)-(1,4)-5-hydroxynaphthoquinone; C451261:2,3-bis(2-hydroxyethylsulfanyl)-(1,4)naphthoquinone; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D005419:Flavonoids; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D009285:Naphthoquinones; D014443:Tyrosine; D004247:DNA; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; C517008:CDC25B protein, human; C517009:CDC25C protein, human; C517019:DUSP1 protein, human; D054638:Dual Specificity Phosphatase 1; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D020687:cdc25 Phosphatases; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one