[Structural, functional and genetic aspects of peroxisome biogenesis].
Intracellular organelles, peroxisomes, occur in cells of most eukaryotic species. Human severe congenital disorders are associated with defective assembly and functioning of peroxisomes, which partly explains the attention of researchers paid to peroxisome biogenesis. It has been shown that peroxisomes are involved in the realization of eukaryotic developmental programs (in particular, neuroblast differentiation and postembryonic development). Cytobiochemical and electron-microscopic studies of mutations involving peroxisomes showed that the primary role in peroxisome biogenesis is played by synthesis of proteins (peroxins) and their transport and incorporation into peroxisome membranes. More than 30 peroxin-encoding genes have been examined. These genes are synthesized on free polysomes and transported into peroxisomes by means of specific signaling peptides, PTS1, PTS2, and PTS3. The import of matrix proteins depends on at least two shuttle receptor proteins, Pex5p and Pex7p. Some proteins regulating peroxisome proliferation in cells have been identified.
Kurbatova
E M
EM
Dutova
T A
TA
Trotsenko
Iu A
IuA
D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation; D018901:Peroxisomal Disorders / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000074437:Peroxisomal Targeting Signal 2 Receptor; D000074435:Peroxisome-Targeting Signal 1 Receptor; D020675:Peroxisomes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D021381:Protein Transport; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism
D008565:Membrane Proteins; D000074437:Peroxisomal Targeting Signal 2 Receptor; D000074435:Peroxisome-Targeting Signal 1 Receptor; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear