title: A critical appraisal of the literature on local ablative therapies for hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: Image-guided percutaneous ablation is currently accepted as the best therapeutic option for nonsurgical patients with early-stage hepatocellular carcinoma. Ethanol injection is the seminal technique for local tumor treatment, and may achieve 50% 5-year survival in selected Child A patients. Radiofrequency ablation constitutes the most assessed alternative technique. On the basis of the identified evidence, radiofrequency ablation seems to reach higher recurrence-free survival rates compared with ethanol injection. Further randomized trials are needed to establish the clinical efficacy of radiofrequency ablation with respect to other percutaneous treatments and to devise an unbiased therapeutic strategy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Department of Oncology, Transplants, and Advanced Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, Via Roma 67, Pisa I-56125, Italy. lencioni@do.med.unipi.it
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lencioni
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Crocetti
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D053685:Laser Therapy; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008872:Microwaves / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol