title: Fabrication of a cell array on ultrathin hydrophilic polymer gels utilising electron beam irradiation and UV excimer laser ablation.
abstract: Most of the surface patterning methods currently applied are based on lithography techniques and microfabrication onto silicon or glass substrates. Here we report a novel method to prepare patterned surfaces on polystyrene substrates by grafting ultrathin cell-repellent polymer layers utilising both electron beam (EB) polymerisation and local laser ablation techniques for microfabrication. Polyacrylamide was grafted onto tissue culture polystyrene (TCPS) dishes using EB irradiation. Water contact angles for these PAAm-grafted TCPS surfaces were less than 10 degrees (costheta = 0.99) with PAAm grafted amounts of 1.6 microg/cm(2) as determined by ATR/FT-IR. UV excimer laser (ArF: 193 nm) ablation resulted in the successful fabrication of micropatterned surfaces composed of hydrophilic PAAm and hydrophobic basal polystyrene layers. Bovine carotid artery endothelial cells adhered only to the ablated domains after pretreatment of the patterned surfaces with 15 microg/mL fibronectin at 37 degrees C. The ablated domain sizes significantly influenced the number of cells occupying each domain. Cell patterning functionality of the patterned surfaces was maintained for more than 2 months without loss of pattern fidelity, indicating that more durable cell arrays can be obtained compared to those prepared by self-assembled monolayers of alkanethiols, as described in previous reports. The surface fabrication techniques presented here can be utilised for the preparation of cell-based biosensors as well as tissue engineering constructs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Waseda University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Shintaroh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwanaga
authors.forename: Yoshikatsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akiyama
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamato
authors.forename: Kiyotaka
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Teruo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okano
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D004583:Electrons; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D007834:Lasers; D008422:Materials Testing; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D013499:Surface Properties; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; C016680:polyacrylamide gels