title: [Physiology of the anal and urinary sphincter apparatus for continence].
abstract: This report of the 27th congress of the Société Internationale Francophone d'Urodynamique (SIFUD) describes the mechanisms which allow the anal and urethral sphincter apparatus to ensure faecal and urinary continence. It successively described sphincter anatomy, the structure and ultrastructure of its muscle components, its innervation, neurotransmission and functioning regimens at rest, on effort and on straining. This study illustrates the differences but also the similarities of functioning of these two sphincter apparatuses. This can explain the high frequency of associated urinary and anal incontinence.
authors.affiliation: Pavillon Derocque, Hôpital Charles Nicolle, Rouen, France.
authors.forename: Anne-Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Leroi
authors.forename: Loïc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Le Normand
mesh_terms: D001003:Anal Canal / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D014554:Urination / Q000502:physiology*