title: Exercise ending 30 min pre-dive has no effect on bubble formation in the rat.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We have previously shown that exercise performed 20 h before a dive significantly reduces bubble formation in both rats and humans. Furthermore, exercise performed closer to the dive did not prevent bubble formation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The present study was designed to determine whether exercise 30 min prior to a dive promotes bubble formation. The occurrence of many bubbles is linked to a higher risk of developing decompression sickness.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 58 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into a sedentary control group (n = 29) and an exercise group (n = 29). Rats in the exercise group ran on a treadmill for a total of 90 min at variable intensity up to 85-90% of VO2max. Then, 30 min after exercise, one rat from each group rested in a pressure chamber at 700 kPa (7 atm) breathing air, performing a simulated dive. Bottom time was 45 min; decompression rate was 50 kPa x min(-1) (0.5 atm x min(-1)). Immediately after surfacing (100 kPa, 1 atm), the rats were anesthetized and bubbles were measured discontinuously for the next 60 min.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences in survival (p = 0.55), median bubble grade (p = 0.67), survival time (p = 0.53), or the number of rats getting a bubble score > or = 2 (p = 0.79) between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The same type and intensity of exercise that reduces bubble formation when performed 20 h prior to a dive neither promotes nor reduces bubble formation if performed 30 min before a dive. The present data indicate that exercise completed 30 min before a dive does not increase the risk of developing decompression sickness in the rat.
authors.affiliation: Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Faculty of Medicine, NTNU, Trondheim, Norway. vegardbe@stud.ntnu.no
authors.forename: Vegard J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Berge
authors.forename: Arve
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jørgensen
authors.forename: Are
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Løset
authors.forename: Ulrik
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wisløff
authors.forename: Alf O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Brubakk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003665:Decompression Sickness; D004242:Diving / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D011446:Prospective Studies; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors