title: Placenta growth factor expression is correlated with survival of patients with colorectal cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Overexpression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) correlates with vascularity, metastasis, and proliferation in colorectal cancer but the role of its homologue, placenta growth factor (PlGF), is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate expression and clinical implications of PlGF in colorectal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated 74 tumour/non-tumour pairs of colorectal cryosections. Clinical staging was based on the UICC-TNM classification. Expression levels of mRNA for PlGF and VEGF were analysed with quantitative real time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Proteins were analysed by immunohistochemical staining and enzyme linked immunoabsorbant assay. Analysis of the differences in PlGF and VEGF levels between tumour and non-tumour tissues in the same patient were performed by paired t test; differences between localised and advanced disease patients by the Mann-Whitney, chi(2), and Fisher's exact tests and survival curves by the Kaplan-Meier method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Expression levels for both growth factors were significantly higher in tumour than in non-tumour tissues (p</=0.001). The ratio of PlGF expression in tumour to non-tumour in the advanced disease group was significantly higher than for the localised disease group (p = 0.009). Patients with more tumour PlGF mRNA had shorter survival (p = 0.028). The majority of PlGF was expressed in tumour cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that PlGF expression correlates with disease progression and patient survival and may be used as a prognostic indicator for colorectal cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, No 7 Chung Shan South Rd, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: S-C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: P-N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Tsao
authors.forename: S-C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: C-T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Shun
authors.forename: J-J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Tsai-Wu
authors.forename: C H H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Y-N
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: F-J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: J-M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000072483:Placenta Growth Factor; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011379:Prognosis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015854:Up-Regulation; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C000608036:PGF protein, human; D011257:Pregnancy Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D000072483:Placenta Growth Factor