title: Humoral immune response to citrullinated collagen type II determinants in early rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: Collagen type II (CII) is a relevant joint-specific autoantigen in the pathogenesis of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). Whereas the reasons for the breakage of self tolerance to this major cartilage component are still enigmatic, T cell responses to glycosylated CII determinants in RA patients indicate that post-translational modifications play a role. Since the conversion of arginine into citrulline by peptidylarginine deiminases (PAD) in some non-joint-specific antigens such as filaggrin or fibrin has been shown to give rise to RA-specific humoral immune responses, we investigated whether PAD modification of cartilage-specific CII might affect its recognition by circulating autoantibodies in early RA. In vitro treatment with purified PAD led to arginine deimination of native CII or of synthetic CII peptides as evidenced by amino acid analysis. The citrullination resulted in modified recognition of the immunodominant CII epitope C1(III) (amino acid residues 359-369) by murine and human antibodies. In a cohort of early RA patients (n=286), IgG antibodies directed toward a synthetic citrullinated C1(III) peptide (citC1(III)-P) were detectable with a prevalence of 40.4%. The partial autoantibody cross-reactivity between citC1(III)-P and citrullinated peptides mimicking epitopes of the cytoskeletal autoantigen filaggrin suggests that autoimmunity to cartilage-specific modified self might be a critical intermediate bridging recognition of PAD-modified extra-articular autoantigens with the disruption of tolerance to native cartilage constituents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine III and Institute of Clinical Immunology, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen, Germany. Harald.Burkhardt@med3.imed.uni-erlangen.de
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Burkhardt
authors.forename: Bettina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sehnert
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bockermann
authors.forename: Ake
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Engström
authors.forename: Jochen R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kalden
authors.forename: Rikard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Holmdahl
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D001120:Arginine / Q000378:metabolism; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000276:immunology*; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002956:Citrulline / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D024043:Collagen Type II / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D018985:Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D000091344:Filaggrin Proteins; D006801:Humans; D006867:Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D000076342:Protein-Arginine Deiminases; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D024043:Collagen Type II; D018985:Epitopes, B-Lymphocyte; C000717249:FLG protein, human; D000091344:Filaggrin Proteins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D002956:Citrulline; D001120:Arginine; D006867:Hydrolases; D000076342:Protein-Arginine Deiminases