[Stomach cancer].
Despite its decline in incidence in developed countries, gastric cancer is the second digestive cancer in France and remains the second most cause of cancer-related deaths in the world. Gastritis induced by H. pylori infection and food regimen are the most frequent precancerous gastric factors. However there is no definite clinical evidence of the benefit of eradication on cancer risk. By waiting for effective anti-H. pylorivaccine, H. pylori should be only eradicated in selected patients at the highest risk of cancer. The stake is to develop inexpensive tests for identification of individuals at high risk, depending on genotypic polymorphisms of both the bacterium and the host. The endoscopic diagnosis is currently made at an advanced stage, related to non-specific and late symptoms. The prognosis remains poor with 5 years overall survival rate less than 20%. Surgical resection with D1 lymphadenectomy is the gold standard curative treatment. An adjuvant therapy with chemoradiotherapy should be considered for patients at high risk for recurrence. Gastric cancer is considered to be a chemotherapy sensitive disease, but polychemotherapy regimens (fluorouraci +/- cisplatin +/- epirubicin) result in modest increased survival (median 9 months); yet, the promising effectiveness of new drugs (irinotecan, docetaxel, oxaliplatin, capecitabin, targeted biotherapies) makes us hope an improvement of results. A number of entities, linitis plastica, gastric MALT lymphoma and stromal tumors should be recognised, because must have a different treatment.
Bouché
Olivier
O
Service d'hépato-qastro-entérologie, CHU Robert Debré, Avenue du Géneral Koenig, 51092 Reims, Courriel. obouche@chu-reims.fr
Lagarde
Stéphanie
S
D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis; D012307:Risk Factors; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery