title: The Resolve to Stop the Violence Project: reducing violence in the community through a jail-based initiative.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The usual modes of incarceration have not been found to curb violent crimes significantly. A jail-based programme called the Resolve to Stop the Violence Project (RSVP) was created with the hypothesis that exposing men with a history of serious, recent and often multiple violent crimes to a certain specifiable set of social, cultural and psychological conditions would reduce the frequency and severity of their violent behaviour.
  
  
  METHODS
  Court and criminal records for 1 year following release were reviewed for 101 inmates who had spent 8 weeks or more in the programme and for the same number of those who had spent 8 weeks or more in regular custody.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Inmates who participated in RSVP had lower rearrest rates for violent crimes (-46.3 percent, p < 0.05) and spent less time in custody (-42.6 percent, p < 0.05). The decline in violent re-arrests increased with greater lengths of stay (-53.1 percent, p < 0.05 for 12 weeks or more; -82.6 percent, p < 0.05 for 16 weeks or more).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multilevel, comprehensive prevention approaches that: emphasize making available to violent individuals the kinds of tools they need in order to develop non-violent skills and reality-based sources of self-esteem; increase their capacity to experience feelings of empathy and remorse; and provide opportunities to take responsibility and amend the injuries they have inflicted on others and on the whole community, may play an important role in reducing the cycle of violent crime.
authors.affiliation: University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gilligan
authors.forename: Bandy
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003415:Crime / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000523:psychology; D006126:Group Processes; D006801:Humans; D007373:Interinstitutional Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011329:Prisoners / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*; D011330:Prisons / Q000458:organization & administration*; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011593:Psychology, Social; D012008:Recurrence; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012495:San Francisco / Q000453:epidemiology; D012919:Social Behavior; D012931:Social Environment; D012932:Social Facilitation; D012941:Social Responsibility; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014754:Violence / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data