title: Observed effect of age and body mass index on total and complexed PSA: analysis from a national screening program.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effect of aging and body mass index (BMI) on both serum total prostate-specific antigen (tPSA) and complexed PSA (cPSA) from the results of the 2003 Prostate Cancer Awareness Week national screening database.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 12,943 men were screened for prostate cancer. Of these, 4458 men had simultaneous measurements of tPSA and cPSA. Height and weight were used to calculate the BMI. The subjects were grouped by decade of age and categorized as either obese or nonobese with a cutoff BMI of 30 kg/m2. The rates of increase in mean tPSA and cPSA between consecutive decades were compared. The relationship among BMI, PSA, and cPSA was also analyzed using multivariate regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median age of those screened was 60 years. The median PSA and cPSA was 1.10 and 0.69 ng/dL, respectively. Both serum tPSA and cPSA levels showed an exponential increase with advancing age. The ratio of cPSA/tPSA remained relatively constant at 0.6. Compared with the nonobese cohort, men with a BMI of 30 kg/m2 or more had significantly lower tPSA and cPSA levels across all age groups (P <0.01). The overall odds ratio for all age groups was 1.8 (95% confidence interval 1.2 to 2.3).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both tPSA and cPSA levels increased with age. Across age groups, men with a greater BMI had significantly lower cPSA and tPSA levels. The clinical significance of age-adjusted cutoff levels for PSA in obese men for the diagnosis of prostate cancer should be explored further in future prospective clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Section of Urologic Oncology, University of Colorado Health Science Center School of Medicine, Denver, Colorado, USA. al.barqawi@uchsc.edu
authors.forename: Al Baha
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Barqawi
authors.forename: Brian K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Golden
authors.forename: Colin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: O'Donnell
authors.forename: Michael K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Brawer
authors.forename: E David
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Crawford
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D015992:Body Mass Index; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen