title: Prognostic evaluation of the new American Joint Committee on Cancer/International Union Against Cancer staging system for hepatocellular carcinoma: analysis of 112 cirrhotic patients resected for hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In 2002, the American Joint Committee on Cancer and the International Union Against Cancer redefined the T-classification for hepatocellular carcinoma, shifting the cutoff value for tumor size from 2 to 5 cm and giving more emphasis to vascular invasion.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective cohort study was conducted on 223 consecutive patients with hepatocellular carcinoma observed between 1990 and 2002. One hundred twelve were resected and considered for retrospective analysis. Univariate and multivariate analyses were performed on several clinicopathologic variables. After classification according to each staging system, the long-term survival of different stages was compared. The prognostic value of each staging system was further evaluated by entering each stage, in turn, into the Cox regression model with other clinicopathologic variables. The median follow-up was 19 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On multivariate analysis, the viral etiology of cirrhosis and the presence of multiple nodules were independent prognostic factors. When the new staging system was entered into the multivariate analysis, it was the only independent factor (P = .02). When stratified according to the old tumor-node-metastasis system, there were no significant differences in the survival between stage I and II (P = .14) or between stage IIIA and IVA (P = .33); only the survival of stage II and IIIA was different (P < .01). When stratified according to the new tumor-node-metastasis system, there were significant differences between stage I and II (71.7% vs. 54.7%; P = .02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The new staging system is a more reliable and objective method for T classification. It is easy to use in clinical practice and is better at stratifying curatively resected patients with respect to prognosis.
authors.affiliation: II Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, University of Rome La Sapienza, Azienda Ospedaliera Sant'Andrea, UOC Chirurgia A. Via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189, Rome, Italy. giovanni.ramacciato@uniroma1.it
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ramacciato
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mercantini
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cautero
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Corigliano
authors.forename: Fabrizio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Benedetto
authors.forename: Cristiano
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Quintini
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ercolani
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Varotti
authors.forename: Vincenzo
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ziparo
authors.forename: Antonio Daniele
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Pinna
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging / Q000379:methods*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis