title: Clinical and radiographic effects of enamel matrix derivative in the treatment of intrabony periodontal defects: a 12-month longitudinal placebo-controlled clinical trial in adult periodontitis patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This randomized, double-masked, placebo-controlled clinical trial evaluated the effect of enamel matrix derivative (EMD) on clinical and radiographic parameters of periodontal intrabony defects.
  
  
  METHODS
  A split-mouth design was used in 16 chronic periodontitis patients who had similar defects (> or =6 mm of probing depth). Both groups underwent scaling and root planing and were acid-etched with EDTA. The test sites received the EMD solution and the controls a placebo. Clinical examinations of all 16 patients and radiographs of 14 patients were available at baseline and 6 and 12 months after surgery. Clinical outcomes included probing depth (PD) and clinical attachment level (CAL); radiographic analysis was performed using computerized linear measurements. Intergroup comparisons were performed by paired samples t test, and over time comparisons were made by general linear model (alpha = 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A statistically significant improvement over time for PD and CAL and a decrease of the vertical component of the defect was detected in both groups. Comparisons between groups revealed at baseline a mean+/-SD value of CAL of 12.93+/-2.00 and 13.47+/-2.93 for test and control groups, respectively. These values decreased to 10.92+/-1.92 and 11.31+/-1.86 after 12 months for test and control. No statistically significant differences could be observed between groups. PD displayed similar results from 7.57+/-1.02 and 7.38+/-1.16 for test and control groups at baseline to 3.40+/-1.82 and 2.99+/-1.07 after 12 months. If the data are divided into smokers and non-smokers, no differences are observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of EMD did not result in more improvement in clinical and radiographic parameters compared to the placebo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Cassiano K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Rösing
authors.forename: Anne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Aass
authors.forename: Antonios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mavropoulos
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gjermo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008875:Middle Aged; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000601:surgery; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D011859:Radiography
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins; C109069:enamel matrix proteins