Seroincidence and phylogeny of human immunodeficiency virus infections in a cohort of commercial sex workers in Montevideo, Uruguay.
A cohort study involving 60 human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-negative male transvestite commercial sex workers (CSWs) was conducted in Montevideo, Uruguay in 1999-2001. Serum samples were tested for HIV by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay screening with immunoblot confirmation. Six participants seroconverted for an incidence-density rate of 6.03 (95% confidence interval = 2.21-13.12) per 100 person-years. Inconsistent condom use during client sex (adjusted hazard ratio [AHR] = 6.7), during oral sex (AHR = 5.6), and at the last sexual encounter (AHR = 7.8), and use of marihuana (AHR = 5.4) were marginally associated with HIV seroconversion. Five samples were genotyped in the protease and reverse transcriptase regions; three were subtypes B and two were BF recombinants. Full genome analysis of four samples confirmed all three subtype B samples and one of the two BF recombinants. Male transvestite CSWs sustained a high rate of HIV infection. Larger prospective studies are required to better define subtypes and associated sexual and drug-related risk factors.
Viñoles
Jose
J
HIV/AIDS National Control Program, and Department of Laboratories of Public Health, Ministry of Health, Montevideo, Uruguay.
Serra
Margarita
M
Russi
Jose C
JC
Ruchansky
Dora
D
Sosa-Estani
Sergio
S
Montano
Silvia M
SM
Carrion
Gladys
G
Eyzaguirre
Lindsay M
LM
Carr
Jean K
JK
Olson
James G
JG
Bautista
Christian T
CT
Sanchez
Jose L
JL
Weissenbacher
Mercedes
M
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001483:Base Sequence; D015331:Cohort Studies; D017931:DNA Primers; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D010802:Phylogeny; D012307:Risk Factors; D011477:Sex Work; D014583:Uruguay / Q000453:epidemiology
D017931:DNA Primers