title: The effect of biofeedback physical therapy in men with Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome Type III.
abstract: Recent studies suggest that the symptoms of chronic non-bacterial prostatitis (CP) or Chronic Pelvic Pain Syndrome (CPPS) may be due to or associated with pelvic floor muscle dysfunction. Therapies aimed to improve relaxation and proper use of the pelvic floor muscles such as biofeedback physical therapy and pelvic floor re-education are expected to give symptom improvement. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of biofeedback physical therapy on the symptoms of men with CPPS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between March 2000 to March 2004, 33 consecutive men were diagnosed with CP/CPPS based on history including the NIH-CPSI questionnaire and physical examination including pelvic floor muscle tonus, urinalysis, uroflowmetry with residual urine measurement and transrectal ultrasonography of the prostate. All patients participated in a pelvic floor biofeedback re-educating program. A rectal EMG probe was used to measure resting tone of the pelvic floor muscles and was helpful for instruction pelvic floor muscles contraction and relaxation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two of the 33 men dropped out. In the remaining 31 men, mean age 43.9 years (range 23-70), the mean total Chronic Prostatitis Symptom Index (NIH-CPSI) changed from 23.6 (range 11-34) at baseline to 11.4 (range 1-25) after treatment (p<0.001). The mean value of the pelvic floor muscle tonus was 4.9 at diagnosis (range 2.0-10.0) and decreased to 1.7 (range 0.5-2.8) after treatment (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study clearly demonstrates a significant effect of biofeedback physical therapy and pelvic floor re-education for CP/CPPS patients, leading to a significant improvement of the symptom score. The correlation between the pelvic muscle tonus results with NIH-CPSI score is highly suggestive that the pelvic floor plays an important role in the pathophysiology of CP/CPPS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ziekenhuis Groep Twente location SMT, P.O. Box 546, 7550 AM Hengelo, The Netherlands. e.cornel@home.nl
authors.forename: Erik B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Cornel
authors.forename: Ernst P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: van Haarst
authors.forename: Ria W M Browning-Groote
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Schaarsberg
authors.forename: Jenet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Geels
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001676:Biofeedback, Psychology / Q000379:methods*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004576:Electromyography; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D017773:Pelvic Floor / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017699:Pelvic Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D011467:Prostate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011788:Quality of Life; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014563:Urodynamics / Q000502:physiology