title: [Pain indicators in critical care].
abstract: In this descriptive/qualitative study, focus groups and individual interviews were completed with 48 critical care nurses and 12 critical care physicians. Results showed that many indicators are used by those clinicians for pain assessment in intubated patients, whatever their level of consciousness. Nurses and physicians mentioned giving weight to the patient's self-assessmen tof pain even when intubated, communication then being by means of signs. Behavioural and physiological indicators also provide clinicians with valuable information for pain assessment. However, for the most part these indicators are not specific to pain, limiting their usefulness in this context. The study aslo suggests recommendations for nursing practice and ideas for nursing resarch.
authors.affiliation: Université Laval.
authors.forename: Céline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gélinas
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Viens
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fortier
authors.forename: Lise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fillion
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards; D003071:Cognition; D003142:Communication; D003243:Consciousness; D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology; D004644:Emotions; D017144:Focus Groups; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology; D007697:Kinesics; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*; D009730:Nursing Assessment / Q000379:methods; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods* / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology; D036301:Qualitative Research; D011792:Quebec; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012677:Sensation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires