title: Effect of adenosine deaminase upon the antiviral activity in vitro of adenine arabinoside for vaccinia virus.
abstract: This study determined that the effect of 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosyl-adenine (adenine arabinoside, Ara-A) upon vaccinia virus plaque development in the stable monkey kidney line, LLC-MK(2), was increased approximately 40-fold when an inhibitor of adenosine deaminase (ADA) was added to the tissue culture media along with infective inocula. The concentration of Ara-A required to completely suppress plaque development (total plaque inhibitory concentration(100); TPIC(100)) was greater than 10 mug/ml. However, when ADA activity was inhibited, the TPIC(100) was 0.5 mug/ml or less. Chromatographic assay of arabinosylpurines in the media provided evidence that adenine arabinoside was rapidly deaminated to 9-beta-d-arabinofuranosylhypoxanthine by the cellular monolayers, in the absence of animal serum, and that the rate of deamination, at 5 mug/ml, by the cells was equal to the rate of diffusion of Ara-A across the cellular membrane. The half-life of Ara-A in the media, starting with 5 mug/ml, was 2 to 3 h and shorter at lower concentrations. The study demonstrates the profound effect that an indicator system, acting as an intact biological unit, can have upon a potential antiviral compound.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Connor
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sweetman
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Stuckey
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Buchanan
mesh_terms: D000243:Adenosine Deaminase / Q000502:physiology*; D058892:Adenosine Deaminase Inhibitors; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D014740:Vidarabine / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D058892:Adenosine Deaminase Inhibitors; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D000243:Adenosine Deaminase; D014740:Vidarabine