title: Simulating SLI: general cognitive processing stressors can produce a specific linguistic profile.
abstract: This study attempted to model specific language impairment (SLI) in a group of 6-year-old children with typically developing language by introducing cognitive stress factors into a grammaticality judgment task. At normal speech rate, all children had near-perfect performance. When the speech signal was compressed to 50% of its original rate, to simulate reduced speed of processing, children displayed the same pattern of errors that is reported in SLI: good performance on noun morphology (plural -s) and very poor performance on verb morphology (past tense -ed and 3rd-person singular -s). A similar pattern was found when memory load was increased by adding redundant verbiage to sentence stimuli. The finding that an SLI-like pattern of performance can be induced in children with intact linguistic systems by increasing cognitive processing demands supports the idea that a processing deficit may underlie the profile of language difficulty that characterizes SLI.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Psychiatry, London, United Kingdom. m.hayiou-thomas@psychology.york.ac.uk
authors.forename: Marianna E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Hayiou-Thomas
authors.forename: Dorothy V M
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Bishop
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Plunkett
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007806:Language Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008037:Linguistics; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term; D011594:Psychometrics; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000150:complications; D013997:Time Factors