title: Transcript and proteome analysis reveals reduced expression of calgranulins in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: The calcium-binding proteins of the S100 and the annexin protein families have been implicated in a variety of important physiological functions including membrane remodeling, calcium-related intracellular signaling, cytoskeleton dynamics, tissue homeostasis, and formation of the cornified envelope in differentiating keratinocytes. Deregulated expression of members of these families has been reported in different types of neoplasia and other diseases, but the results were not consistent. Here we have applied a combination of cDNA microarrays, quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR (qRT-PCR) and surface enhanced laser desorption ionisation-time of flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS) to study differential expression of these genes in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). The calgranulins A and B and annexins 1 and 2 were found to be down-regulated in HNSCC, compared with normal mucosa, at both the mRNA and protein level. Upon validation of the differential gene expression by tissue microarray immunohistochemistry, we detected novel expression patterns of calgranulins A and B both in normal mucosa as well as in HNSCC. In contrast to squamous cancer of skin and other cancers in which the calgranulins were found to be up-regulated, most HNSCC showed reduced and widely deranged staining patterns including heterogeneous nuclear, cytoplasmic and membranous staining, and even enhanced staining in the tumor stroma. These observations suggest that the normal function of the calgranulins A and B in mucosa might be different from that in skin.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Heidelberg, INF 400, Heidelberg D-69120, Germany.
authors.forename: Mariana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roesch Ely
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nees
authors.forename: Syrus
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karsai
authors.forename: Ira
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mägele
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bogumil
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vorderwülbecke
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruess
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dietz
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schnölzer
authors.forename: Franz X
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Bosch
mesh_terms: D040501:Calgranulin A / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism*; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D040901:Proteomics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D040501:Calgranulin A; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D012333:RNA, Messenger