title: Expression of matrix metalloproteinase-10 in human bladder transitional cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze matrix metalloproteinase-10 (MMP-10) expression in transitional cell carcinoma (TCC) of the bladder, evaluate the correlations between MMP-10 protein expression and clinicopathologic parameters, and address the viability of MMP-10 as a therapeutic target for TCC. MMP-mediated degradation of the extracellular matrix is an important factor in the pathogenesis of tumorigenesis and metastasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using immunohistochemistry, the expression of MMP-10 was assessed using both tissue microarrays and whole sections of archival tissue specimens representative of all grades and stages of human bladder TCC (n = 60). MMP-10 expression was also assessed in histologically normal human bladder tissue (n = 10). The immunostaining results for MMP-10 expression were examined for correlations with tumor grade and stage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Unlike most MMPs, MMP-10 was localized primarily in the tumor mass as opposed to the tumor stroma and was detectable in all grades and stages of TCC. Significantly greater levels of MMP-10 protein were observed in superficial (pTa, pT1; n = 38) tumors than in normal bladder tissue (P = 0.01). In contrast to the proposed role of MMPs in tumor invasion, no significant difference was observed between muscle-invasive tumors (pT2 or worse; n = 22) and histologically normal bladder tissue (P = 0.50). MMP-10 expression showed no significant correlation with tumor grade.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data from our study showed that, unlike most MMPs, MMP-10 was not associated with tumor aggression or invasion. Our results suggest that MMP-10 protein levels are significantly greater in the earlier stages of TCC development.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research UK Laboratories, Tom Connors Cancer Research Centre, University of Bradford, Bradford, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Jill M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Seargent
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Loadman
authors.forename: Sandie W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Naylor
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Bibby
authors.forename: Jason H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Gill
mesh_terms: D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D053506:Matrix Metalloproteinase 10; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; D053506:Matrix Metalloproteinase 10