title: A cradle for new proteins: trigger factor at the ribosome.
abstract: Newly synthesized proteins leave the ribosome through a narrow tunnel in the large subunit. During ongoing synthesis, nascent protein chains are particularly sensitive to aggregation and degradation because they emerge from the ribosome in an unfolded state. In bacteria, the first protein to interact with nascent chains and facilitate their folding is the ribosome-associated chaperone trigger factor. Recently, crystal structures of trigger factor and of its ribosome-binding domain in complex with the large ribosomal subunit revealed that the chaperone adopts an extended 'dragon-shaped' fold with a large hydrophobic cradle, which arches over the exit of the ribosomal tunnel and shields newly synthesized proteins. These structural results, together with recent biochemical data on trigger factor and its interplay with other chaperones and factors that interact with the nascent chain, provide a comprehensive view of the role of trigger factor during co-translational protein folding.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Molecular Biology and Biophysics, Swiss Federal Institute of Technology (ETH Zürich), Hoenggerberg, HPK Building, CH-8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Timm
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Maier
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ferbitz
authors.forename: Elke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Deuerling
authors.forename: Nenad
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ban
mesh_terms: D001665:Binding Sites; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D008954:Models, Biological; D008956:Models, Chemical; D008958:Models, Molecular; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000737:chemistry*; D019696:Peptidylprolyl Isomerase / Q000737:chemistry*; D011485:Protein Binding; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011487:Protein Conformation; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; C403324:trigger factor, E coli; D019696:Peptidylprolyl Isomerase