title: C-MALISA (cellular magnetic-linked immunosorbent assay), a new application of cellular ELISA for MRI.
abstract: A modified cellular ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay), named cellular magnetic-linked immunosorbent assay (C-MALISA), has been developed as an application of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for in vitro clinical diagnosis. To validate the method, three contrast agents targeted to integrins were synthesized by grafting to USPIO (ultrasmall particles of iron oxide): (a) the CS1 (connecting segment-1) fragment of fibronectin (FN) (USPIO-g-FN); (b) the peptide GRGD (USPIO-g-GRGD); (c) a non-peptidic RGD mimetic (USPIO-g-mimRGD). Jurkat cells and rat mononuclear cells were stimulated to activate their integrins. After cell fixation on ELISA plates, incubation with the contrast agents, rinsing, and digestion in 5N HCl, the samples were analyzed by MRI. Paramagnetic relaxation rate enhancements (delta R2) were measured on images. Delta R2 was converted in values of iron concentration based on a calibration curve. The apparent dissociation constants (K(d)*) of the three contrast agents were estimated based on the MRI measurement of delta R2. K(d)* of 1.22 x 10(-7) M, of 7.00 x 10(-8) M, and of 1.13 x 10(-8) M were found respectively for USPIO-g-FN, USPIO-g-GRGD, and USPIO-g-mimGRG. The MRI confirmed a statistically significant difference (p < 0.01, p < 0.05) between the stimulated cells incubated with integrin-targeted compounds with respect to the controls (i.e., non-stimulated cells and stimulated cells incubated with non-specific USPIO). The integrin specificity of the three compounds was confirmed by the pre-incubation with GRGD (for USPIO-g-mimRGD and USPIO-g-GRGD) or FN (for USPIO-g-FN).
authors.affiliation: Department of Organic and Biomedical Chemistry, NMR and Molecular Imaging Laboratory, University of Mons-Hainaut, 24, Avenue du Champ de Mars, B-7000 Mons, Belgium.
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Burtea
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Laurent
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roch
authors.forename: Luce
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vander Elst
authors.forename: Robert N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Muller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003911:Dextrans; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods*; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide; D007089:Image Enhancement; D016023:Integrins / Q000378:metabolism; D007501:Iron / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008280:Magnetics; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000737:chemistry; D010087:Oxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D003911:Dextrans; D016023:Integrins; D058185:Magnetite Nanoparticles; D009842:Oligopeptides; D010087:Oxides; C097921:ferumoxtran-10; C047981:arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid; D007501:Iron; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide