title: Should the inferior vena cava be reconstructed after resection for malignant tumors?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Caval replacement after circumferential resection of the inferior vena cava remains controversial. The aim of the current study is to determine whether or not inferior vena cava replacement should be performed.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed 36 cases undergoing resection of the inferior vena cava concomitant with resection of malignant neoplasms. Our criteria for circumferential resection of the inferior vena cava were half or more of the circumference of the vessel wall invaded by tumor, a primary tumor of the caval wall, or massive intraluminal tumor thrombus suspected of adhering to the caval wall. We detailed 10 patients undergoing circumferential resection of the inferior vena cava.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most of patients who did not undergo replacement of the inferior vena cava showed no sign of swelling of the lower limbs, but one showed persistent leg edema with oliguria. This patient had poor development of collateral circulation and mild obstruction of the inferior vena cava before surgery. Two patients who underwent replacement of inferior vena cava had no venous sequelae, although they had poor development of collateral circulation before surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Caval replacement after circumferential resection of the inferior vena cava may be necessary in patients who have preoperative poor development of collateral circulation or who have oliguria or unstable hemodynamics intraoperatively.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Chiba University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-8-1 Inohana, Chuo-Ku, Chiba 260-0856 Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshidome
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ambiru
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Togawa
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohtsuka
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019043:Vascular Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery*; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D014682:Vena Cava, Inferior / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*