title: Antimicrobial resistance of nosocomial strains of Staphylococcus aureus in Russia: results of a prospective study.
abstract: A total of 879 Staphylococcus aureus clinical isolates from 17 medical institutions in different regions of Russia were tested. Susceptibility to 18 antimicrobials was determined by agar dilution in accordance with the NCCLS recommendations. The most potent antimicrobials were glycopeptides, linezolid, and fusidic acid, to which no resistance was found. Other antimicrobials with low frequency of non-susceptibility were mupirocin (0.3%), trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole (0.8%), quinupristin/dalfopristin (1.8%) and rifampicin (7.0%). Fluoroquinolones displayed moderate activity (5.8% of non-susceptible strains to moxifloxacin, 9.1% to levofloxacin, 13.1% to ciprofloxacin). High rates of non-susceptibility were found to clindamycin (27.1%), gentamicin (30.7%), tetracycline (37.1%), erythromycin (39.6%) and chloramphenicol (43.1%). The prevalence of oxacillin-resistant S. aureus (ORSA) was 33.5% and varied from 0% to 89.5% in different hospitals. ORSA were isolated most frequently in the burn units (77.5%), intensive care units (54.8%), trauma and orthopedics units (42.1%). This is the first multicenter study published of antimicrobial resistance of S. aureus in Russia which meets international standards.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Antimicrobial Chemotherapy, Smolensk, Russia.
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Stratchounski
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Dekhnich
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Kretchikov
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Edelstain
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Narezkina
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Afinogenov
authors.forename: L I
authors.initials: LI
authors.lastname: Akhmetova
authors.forename: L G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Boronina
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Gugutcidze
authors.forename: L V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Gudkova
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Zdzitovetcki
authors.forename: V N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Ilyina
authors.forename: O I
authors.initials: OI
authors.lastname: Kretchikova
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Marusina
authors.forename: I G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Multih
authors.forename: S I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Pylaeva
authors.forename: I V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Smirnov
authors.forename: T N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Suborova
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Taraban
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Furletova
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Hasanova
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Schetinin
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012426:Russia / Q000453:epidemiology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents