title: In vitro antimutagenicity of capsaicin toward heterocyclic amines in Salmonella typhimurium strain TA98.
abstract: Capsicum fruits are widely consumed as a component of the human diet. Capsaicin is the principle substance responsible for their hot, pungent taste. Heterocyclic amines (HCAs) are formed during cooking of meats and are mutagenic/carcinogenic compounds. In this study, we looked at whether capsaicin showed anti-mutagenic effects toward HCA-induced mutagenesis in Salmonella typhimurium TA98 when incubated with 0.5 mg liver S9 protein from rat, hamster and human. The HCAs used were Trp-P-2, Glu-P-1 and PhIP. Capsaicin, at non-toxic amounts of 0.25 and 0.5 micromole/plate, expressed a dose-dependent inhibition of the mutagenicity of Glu-P-1 and PhIP when they are metabolically activated by rat, hamster and human liver S9 and of Trp-P-2 when activated by rat and hamster liver S9. In contrast, capsaicin enhanced the mutagenicity of Trp-P-2 in TA98 when incubated with human liver S9. The lack of consistency in the anti-mutagenic action of capsaicin toward HCAs is puzzling and currently unresolved.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Signal Transduction, La Jolla Cancer Research Center Burham Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
authors.forename: Huong T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Huynh
authors.forename: Robert W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Teel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016587:Antimutagenic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D002211:Capsaicin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002243:Carbolines / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity; D006224:Cricetinae; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D016587:Antimutagenic Agents; D002243:Carbolines; D007093:Imidazoles; D009153:Mutagens; C023785:2-amino-6-methyldipyrido(1,2-a-3',2'-d)imidazole; C019133:3-amino-1-methyl-5H-pyrido(4,3-b)indole; C049584:2-amino-1-methyl-6-phenylimidazo(4,5-b)pyridine; D002211:Capsaicin