title: Flavonoids differentially modulate nitric oxide production pathways in lipopolysaccharide-activated RAW264.7 cells.
abstract: Naturally occurring flavonoids are known to modulate various inflammatory and immune processes. Based on structural property, in this study, molecular mechanism of flavonoids in modulating nitric oxide (NO) production and its signaling pathway were investigated using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated RAW264.7 cells. Although flavonol-typed flavonoids (kaempferol and quercetin) more potently scavenged reactivity of nitric oxide (*NO) as well as peroxynitrite (ONOO-) than isoflavones (genistein and genistin), kaempferol, quercetin and genistein showed a little difference in inhibition of both inducible NO synthase expression and NO production, with IC50 values of 13.9, 20.1 and 26.8 microM. However, there was a striking pattern related to structural feature in modulation of LPS-mediated signaling pathways. Thus, flavonols only inhibited transcription factor AP-1 activation, whereas isoflavones suppressed the DNA binding activation of NF-kappaB and C/EBPbeta. Therefore, these data suggest that structural feature may be linked to decide drugs target molecule in LPS-mediated signaling pathways, rather than its potency.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Pusan National University, Pusan, Korea.
authors.forename: Ae Ra
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae Youl
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Yani
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Jae Sue
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hae Young
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse