title: Maxillary distraction osteogenesis to treat maxillary hypoplasia: comparison of an internal and an external system.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Distraction osteogenesis (DO) has become a mainstream surgical technique for patients with jaw deformities. In cases of maxillary hypoplasia, DO with a rigid external distraction (RED) system has been used for maxillary advancement; however, DO with internal devices is currently popular.
  
  
  METHODS
  This article describes DO with an internal device and a RED system in 2 patients with maxillary hypoplasia with oligodontia. The first patient, a young girl, had a concave profile due to maxillary hypoplasia and 9 congenitally missing permanent teeth. At age 11 years 11 months, she received DO with an internal device. The second patient, a boy aged 11 years 7 months, was treated with DO with a RED system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the girl, the maxilla was advanced 5.0 mm without any dentoalveolar compensation. In the boy, the maxilla was advanced 7.0 mm, but undesirable mesial movement of posterior teeth was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DO with internal devices is simpler and more useful than the RED system for maxillary hypoplasia with oligodontia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics and Dentofacial Orthopedics, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama City, Japan.
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oya
authors.forename: Katsuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mishima
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sugahara
authors.forename: Teruko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takano-Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000848:Anodontia / Q000150:complications; D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D016267:External Fixators; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016268:Internal Fixators; D008297:Male; D008313:Malocclusion, Angle Class III / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery*; D008844:Micrognathism / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation*; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction / Q000295:instrumentation*