title: Leukocyte-platelet interaction in pregnancies complicated with preeclampsia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pregnancy is characterized by haemostasis activation, and in preeclampsia endothelial dysfunction, platelet and leukocyte activation are further characteristic features. The aim of this study was to investigate to which extent platelets from normotensive pregnant women or those with preeclampsia are circulating as microparticles or platelet-platelet aggregates. We also investigated if platelet-leukocyte multiconjugates were differently present in nonpregnant and pregnant women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using flow cytometry we investigated these parameters in basal samples and after in vitro stimulation with adenosine diphosphate (ADP) or thrombin receptor activation peptide. This was done in samples from 20 matched preeclamptic and normotensive pregnant women and in a group of 12 nonpregnant women.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the basal state we found that women with preeclampsia had a smaller portion of microparticles circulating than the normotensive pregnant women, Upon ADP stimulation both pregnancy groups showed a higher percentage of monocytes and granulocytes with platelets attached and also a higher number of platelets attached to each monocyte and granulocyte than in the group of nonpregnant individuals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This article presents further evidence that changes from the nonpregnant to the pregnant state are associated with hemostasis activation as an integrated part of an inflammatory reaction that is even more pronounced when pregnancy is complicated with preeclampsia.
authors.affiliation: Research Forum, Ullevaal University Hospital, 0407 Oslo, Norway. m.r.holthe@ioks.uio.no
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Holthe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lyberg
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Staff
authors.forename: L N
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Berge
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000328:Adult; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism*; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D015539:Platelet Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate