title: Osteopoikilosis in an ancient skeleton: more than a medical curiosity.
abstract: We describe the palaeopathologic and radiographic findings of the human skeletal remains that belonged to a female who lived in Mexico's viceroyship period (seventeenth and eighteenth centuries A.D.). Radiographic studies showed numerous, radiodense, ovoid, small and well-defined foci in the long tubular bones, sacrum, scapulae and iliac bones. Computed tomography (CT) examination revealed multiple hyperdense foci located in the central marrow portion of the bones. Measurements of attenuation coefficient revealed +1548 HU. The findings are consistent with osteopoikilosis, an uncommon, benign sclerosing bone dysplasia transmitted in an autosomal dominant fashion, which in the clinical setting is important to set apart from different bone pathologies to avoid unnecessary interventions and treatments. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report of osteopoikilosis in ancient human remains.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Juan Badiano 1, Sección XVI, Tlalpan, 14080, Mexico City, Mexico.
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Amezcua-Guerra
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mansilla-Lory
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fernández-Tapia
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pijoan
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Leboreiro
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martínez-Lavín
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pineda
mesh_terms: D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D049670:History, 17th Century; D049671:History, 18th Century; D006801:Humans; D008800:Mexico; D008875:Middle Aged; D010023:Osteopoikilosis / Q000266:history* / Q000473:pathology