title: Enuresis in childhood, and urinary and fecal incontinence in adult life: do they share a common cause?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether there is any association between urinary or fecal incontinence and childhood bedwetting, and given such a relationship, to detect which type of urinary incontinence (UI) is associated with childhood bedwetting.
  
  
  METHODS
  In all, 1021 patients who were admitted to the outpatient gynaecology clinics of the authors' institution for an annual gynaecological examination were included in this descriptive clinical study. A simple multi-choice screening questionnaire was used to collect data for analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a history of bedwetting in childhood in 181 (21.1%) of women without and in 48 (29.6%) of those with UI; the difference was significant (chi-square, P < 0.05). Women with stress UI had significantly higher rates of enuresis in childhood (35.4%) than those without UI (21.1%; P = 0.003). Of women who had a history of bedwetting in childhood, 12.2% had stress UI, but only 6.4% of those with no such history had stress UI. Fecal incontinence was significantly more common in women with a history of bedwetting in childhood (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A history of childhood bedwetting seems to increase the risk of having UI, stress UI and fecal incontinence. Being aware of this association may provide an opportunity to avoid exposing these women to additional risk factors for these condition.
authors.affiliation: Zeynep Kamil Women and Children Diseases Education and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Ayse
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gurbuz
authors.forename: Ates
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karateke
authors.forename: Canan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kabaca
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D004775:Enuresis / Q000150:complications*; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000209:etiology*; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000209:etiology