title: Apoptotic events induced by human rhinovirus infection.
abstract: HeLa and 16HBE14o(-) bronchial epithelium cells infected with human rhinovirus serotype 14 (HRV14) were found to exhibit typical apoptotic morphological alterations, such as cell contraction and nuclear condensation. These events coincided with high-molecular-weight DNA fragmentation, activation of caspase-9 and caspase-3 and poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase cleavage. Caspase activation was preceded by cytochrome c translocation from the mitochondria to the cytoplasm, indicating that apoptosis caused by HRV14 infection was triggered predominantly via the mitochondrial pathway. Apoptosis did not affect HRV14 replication per se, but it facilitated the release of newly formed virus from cells. As apoptosis was fully induced at the time of maximal accumulation of progeny HRV14, it is postulated that apoptosis contributed to the destabilization of the cell and facilitated viral progeny release.
authors.affiliation: Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University Departments at the Vienna Biocenter, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Dr Bohr Gasse 9/3, A-1030 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Luiza
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Deszcz
authors.affiliation: Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University Departments at the Vienna Biocenter, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Dr Bohr Gasse 9/3, A-1030 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gaudernak
authors.affiliation: Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University Departments at the Vienna Biocenter, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Dr Bohr Gasse 9/3, A-1030 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Ernst
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kuechler
authors.affiliation: Max F. Perutz Laboratories, University Departments at the Vienna Biocenter, Department of Medical Biochemistry, Medical University of Vienna, Dr Bohr Gasse 9/3, A-1030 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seipelt
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D053148:Caspase 3; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases / Q000032:analysis; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000473:pathology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000032:analysis; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000737:chemistry; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000032:analysis; D012229:Rhinovirus / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D045304:Cytochromes c; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; C506433:CASP9 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases