title: Pharmacokinetics of an oral drug (acetaminophen) administered at various times in relation to subcutaneous injection of exenatide (exendin-4) in healthy subjects.
abstract: Exenatide is an incretin mimetic with potential glucoregulatory activity in type 2 diabetes. This randomized, single-blind, placebo-controlled 6-way crossover study assessed exenatide's effect on acetaminophen pharmacokinetics. Of 40 randomized healthy subjects, 39 completed the study. On the placebo day, acetaminophen (1000 mg) was ingested and placebo injected subcutaneously at 0 hours. On exenatide days, acetaminophen was ingested at -1, 0, +1, +2, and +4 hours, relative to the 10 mug exenatide injected subcutaneously at 0 hours. With exenatide injection, mean plasma acetaminophen AUC(0-12 h) values were reduced by 11% to 24% (vs placebo). Peak plasma acetaminophen concentrations were similar for the -1-hour and placebo groups and reduced by 37% to 56% at other times. The most frequent adverse events were generally mild to moderate nausea and vomiting. Exenatide treatment concurrent with or preceding acetaminophen ingestion slowed acetaminophen absorption but had minimal effect on the extent of absorption.
authors.affiliation: Amylin Pharmaceuticals Inc, 9360 Towne Centre Drive, Suite 110, San Diego, CA 92121, USA.
authors.forename: Erich
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Blase
authors.forename: Kristin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Hong-Ye
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wintle
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fineman
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000494:pharmacology; D019540:Area Under Curve; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004347:Drug Interactions; D000077270:Exenatide; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010455:Peptides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014688:Venoms / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010455:Peptides; D014688:Venoms; D000082:Acetaminophen; D000077270:Exenatide