title: Endothelial cell dysfunction: the syndrome in making.
abstract: Endothelial cell dysfunction is emerging as the ultimate culprit for diverse cardiovascular diseases and cardiovascular complications in patients with chronic renal diseases, yet the definition of this new syndrome, its pathophysiology and therapy remain poorly defined. Here, we summarize some molecular mechanisms leading from hyperhomocysteinemia, elevated asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA) and advanced glycation end products (AGEs)-modified proteins to atherogenic endothelial phenotype and offer a model of endothelial dysfunction based on the interconnectedness of diverse functions.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology and Renal Research Institute, Department of Medicine, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York 10595, USA.
authors.forename: Edmond
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: O'Riordan
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Sergey V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Brodsky
authors.forename: Iva
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Smirnova
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Goligorsky
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016922:Cellular Senescence; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D020138:Hyperhomocysteinemia / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008954:Models, Biological; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; C018524:N,N-dimethylarginine; D001120:Arginine