title: Introduction of permanent cardiac stimulation/defibrillation leads via the retro-pectoral veins.
abstract: When the cephalic vein route is not easily accessible for the introduction of permanent stimulation/defibrillation leads, retro-pectoral veins can be looked for, which are usually present and suitable in most patients. As with the cephalic vein route, it is a safer approach than direct subclavian vein puncture. Moreover, using a guidewire and a split introducer increases the rate of successful cannulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Nice Sophia Antipolis, France. camous.jp@chu-nice.fr
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Camous
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Raybaud
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lesto
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Benoit
mesh_terms: D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D006801:Humans; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D016748:Venous Cutdown / Q000379:methods*