title: Predictive value of neonatal MRI with respect to late MRI findings and clinical outcome. A study in infants with periventricular densities on neonatal ultrasound.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to correlate hypoxic-ischemic white matter damage on neonatal MRI with MRI appearance and neurological outcome at the age of 1 1/2 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sequential cohort of infants with periventricular densities on neonatal ultrasound was studied with neonatal MRI. Images of 46 infants with a mean gestational age of 31 weeks were obtained at a mean age of 20 days after birth and at 1 1/2 years. To establish agreement between the neonatal and follow-up MRI (general, motor, and visual scores), the weighted Cohen's kappa test was used. To establish the predictive power of neonatal MRI with respect to the neurologic indices at the age of 1 1/2 years, the sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a moderately good to good agreement between the general, motor, and visual neonatal and follow-up MRI scores: weighted kappa = 0.59 (95% CI: 0.44 - 0.74), 0.82 (95% CI: 0.72 - 0.93), and 0.70 (95% CI: 0.56 - 0.84), respectively. Neonatal MRI scores provided a good prediction of the three neurological outcome measures (developmental delay, cerebral palsy, and cerebral visual impairment): sensitivity, specificity, and predictive values were high, with little difference between the three MRI scores. The 32 patients with (nearly) normal neonatal MRI scores were neurologically (nearly) normal at 1 1/2 years on all three outcome measures, whereas 8 patients with seriously abnormal neonatal MRI scores were neurologically abnormal at 1 1/2 years on all three outcome measures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neonatal MRI is able to predict the precise localization and size of perinatal leukomalacia on follow-up MRI and provides a good prediction of neurological outcome at 1 1/2 years.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Neurology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: L T L
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Sie
authors.forename: A A M
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Hart
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van Hof
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: de Groot
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lems
authors.forename: H N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Lafeber
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Valk
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: van der Knaap
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D020925:Hypoxia-Ischemia, Brain / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007969:Leukomalacia, Periventricular / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014792:Visual Acuity / Q000502:physiology