title: Suppression of ovarian cancer cell tumorigenicity and evasion of Cisplatin resistance using a truncated epidermal growth factor receptor in a rat model.
abstract: The overexpression of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is associated with a poor prognosis in ovarian cancer. The dominant-negative EGFR (EGFR-DNR) is a truncated receptor that lacks the tyrosine kinase domain and is devoid of signaling capability. This study tested the effects of a EGFR-DNR approach in ovarian cancer cells. NuTu-19, a rat ovarian cancer cell line was rendered resistant to cisplatin. Both NuTu-19 and resistant cells were infected with a retroviral vector containing the EGFR-DNR. NuTu-19 and NuTu-DNR (NuTu-19 cells expressing the EGFR-DNR) were injected into Fisher 344 immunocompetent rats. Western blot analyses were used to assess signal transduction pathways. All rats injected with NuTu-DNR cells remained healthy following tumor injection. In contrast, 100% of the rats injected with the NuTu-19 and NuTu-Sham (NuTu-19 cells expressing an empty vector) died of disease progression at the end of 15 weeks (P = 0.00009). On Western blot analysis, both NuTu-19 and NuTu-Sham cells showed a strong activation of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) after exposure to EGF. Cisplatin-resistant cell lines showed an enhanced EGF stimulatory effect via the MAPK pathway compared with parental cells. The EGFR-DNR significantly reduced the ability of EGF to induce cell signaling through the MAPK pathway. Lastly, the EGFR-DNR can partially reverse cisplatin resistance in drug-resistant cells. The EGFR-DNR approach suggests that EGFR confers a growth advantage to NuTu-19 cells in vivo. Thus, EGFR blockade may ultimately prove to be a useful therapeutic tool in the treatment of cisplatin-sensitive and cisplatin-resistant ovarian cancers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Stanford Cancer Center, 300 Pasteur Drive HH333, Stanford, CA 94305-5317, USA. johnchan@stanford.edu
authors.forename: John K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Huyen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.forename: Xue Juan
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Noelle G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Cloven
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Burger
authors.forename: G Scott
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Kristi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Van Nostrand
authors.forename: Murray
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Korc
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Disaia
authors.forename: Hung
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012313:RNA / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D012313:RNA; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D002945:Cisplatin