title: Insulin and insulin-like growth factors inhibit and luteinizing hormone augments ovarian theca-interstitial cell apoptosis.
abstract: Theca-interstitial (T-I) cells play a fundamental role in the control of ovarian function. Steroidogenic activity and growth of the T-I cells are regulated by many paracrine and endocrine factors. However, little is known about the mechanisms controlling T-I death. In an in vitro model of apoptosis, purified rat T-I cells were cultured for 24 h with serum and subsequently for up to an additional 24 h with serum or in serum-free medium with or without insulin, insulin-like growth factors (IGF-I and IGF-II) and LH or 8-bromo-cyclic AMP (8Br-cAMP). Apoptosis was identified by histological assessment of nuclear morphology and by detection of internucleosomal cleavage and quantified by determination of [alpha32P]-dideoxy-ATP 3'-end labeling of low molecular weight DNA. Serum withdrawal resulted in nuclear condensation and fragmentation into apoptotic bodies of T-I cells and led to pronounced DNA cleavage. Insulin (10 nM) protected T-I cells from apoptosis, reducing DNA fragmentation by 39 +/- 8% compared to serum-free controls. IGF-I (10 nM) and IGF-II (10 nM) had comparable antiapoptotic effects, decreasing DNA fragmentation by 55 +/- 9% and 37 +/- 14%, respectively. In contrast, LH (100 ng/ml) and 8Br-cAMP (1 mM) augmented the pro-apoptotic effect of serum withdrawal, increasing DNA fragmentation by 85 +/- 55% and 72 +/- 42%, respectively. The antiapoptotic effects of insulin and IGFs and the pro-apoptotic effect of LH, acting via the cAMP system, may be important in the maintenance of T-I homeostasis. Moreover, excessive levels of insulin and free IGFs may lead to T-I cell hyperplasia characteristic of conditions such as polycystic ovary syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Division of Infertility and Reproductive Endocrinology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-535 Poznan, Poland.
authors.forename: Robert Z
authors.initials: RZ
authors.lastname: Spaczynski
authors.forename: Jonathan L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Tilly
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mansour
authors.forename: Antoni J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Duleba
mesh_terms: D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013799:Theca Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D015124:8-Bromo Cyclic Adenosine Monophosphate; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone