title: Dietary patterns and pancreatic cancer risk in men and women.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetes appears to be associated with the development of pancreatic cancer. Three large prospective cohort studies observed a statistically significant relation between obesity and pancreatic cancer risk. Dietary patterns have been associated with fasting insulin levels and risk of diabetes. To determine whether dietary patterns are associated with pancreatic cancer risk, we analyzed data from two large prospective cohort studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  We combined data for men and women to obtain a total of 366 cases of incident pancreatic cancer from a total of 124,672 eligible participants. Dietary data were obtained from food frequency questionnaires in 1986 for men and in 1984 for women. We identified two major dietary patterns, prudent and western, by factor analysis. The prudent pattern was characterized by high fruit and vegetable intake; the western pattern was characterized by high meat and high fat intakes. Multivariable relative risks (RRs) were adjusted for potential confounders, including smoking and body mass index.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the pooled analysis of men and women, no associations were observed between the prudent pattern (RR = 1.32, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 0.66 to 2.63, for highest versus lowest quintile) or the western pattern (RR = 0.91, 95% CI = 0.57 to 1.47, for highest versus lowest quintile) and the risk of pancreatic cancer. Stratifying by body mass index or physical activity did not change the associations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dietary patterns were not associated with the risk of pancreatic cancer in two large cohort studies of men and women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA. dmichaud@hsph.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Dominique S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Michaud
authors.forename: Halcyon G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Skinner
authors.forename: Kana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giovannucci
authors.forename: Walter C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Willett
authors.forename: Graham A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Colditz
authors.forename: Charles S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Fuchs
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014675:Vegetables
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D004044:Dietary Proteins