title: In chronic myeloid leukemia white cells from cytogenetic responders and non-responders to imatinib have very similar gene expression signatures.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Imatinib induces complete cytogenetic responses (CCR) in the majority of patients with chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) in chronic phase (CP). However, a subgroup of patients is refractory at the cytogenetic level. Clinically, it would be advantageous to identify such patients a priori, since they may benefit from more aggressive therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  To elucidate mechanisms underlying cytogenetic refractoriness, we used Affymetrix oligonucleotide arrays to determine the transcriptional signature associated with cytogenetic refractoriness in unselected white blood or bone marrow cells from 29 patients with CML in first CP prior to treatment with imatinib. Patients with CCR within 9 months were defined as responders (n = 16) and patients lacking a major cytogenetic response (> 35% Philadelphia-positive metaphases) after 1 year were defined as non-responders (n = 13).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Differences in gene expression between responders and non-responders were subtle. Stringent statistical analysis with multiple comparison adjustments revealed very few differentially expressed genes. Differentially expressed genes could not be confirmed in an independent test set.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that transcriptional profiling of unselected white cells is of limited value for identifying genes consistently associated with cytogenetic refractoriness to imatinib.
authors.affiliation: Oregon Health & Science University Cancer Institute, Portland, OR 97239, USA. L.C.Crossman@ncl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Lucy C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Crossman
authors.forename: Motomi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Yi-Ching
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Thoralf
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Paschka
authors.forename: Christina A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Harrington
authors.forename: Knut
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Krohn
authors.forename: Dietger W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Niederwieser
authors.forename: Rüdiger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hehlmann
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hochhaus
authors.forename: Brian J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Druker
authors.forename: Michael W N
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Deininger
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001549:Benzamides; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D010879:Piperazines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001549:Benzamides; D010879:Piperazines; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011743:Pyrimidines; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; D012335:RNA, Ribosomal; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate