Glucose phosphorylation as a barrier to muscle glucose uptake.
1. Glucose phosphorylation is the first irreversible step of the muscle glucose uptake pathway and is catalysed by a hexokinase isozyme. 2. While glucose transport is the primary barrier to muscle glucose uptake during basal conditions, glucose phosphorylation becomes an important barrier to muscle glucose uptake during stimulated conditions such as hyperinsulinaemia or exercise. 3. High fat feeding markedly impairs insulin- and exercise-stimulated muscle glucose uptake. As hexokinase II overexpression corrects this dietary-induced deficit during exercise, glucose phosphorylation is a site of impairment following high fat feeding. 4. Exercise is an important tool for diagnosing deficits in glucose phosphorylation.
Fueger
Patrick T
PT
Department of Molecular Physiology and Biophysics, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN, USA. patrick.fueger@duke.edu
D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000502:physiology; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D006593:Hexokinase / Q000378:metabolism; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology
D004041:Dietary Fats; D007328:Insulin; D006593:Hexokinase; D005947:Glucose