title: Forskolin and dexamethasone synergistically induce aromatase (CYP19) expression in the human osteoblastic cell line SV-HFO.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent progress supports the importance of local estrogen secretion in human bone tissues to increase and maintain bone mineral density. In a previous study, we reported that the expression of aromatase (CYP19) is dexamethasone (Dex)-dependent and oncostatin M (OSM) increases the expression synergistically with Dex. In the present study, we examined the effects of forskolin (FSK) as another potential synergistic factor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Co-administration of 100 nM Dex and 10 microM FSK increased aromatase activity 4-fold compared with Dex alone. The results of reverse transcriptase (RT)-PCR suggest that the amount of CYP19 gene transcript was also up-regulated by FSK synergistically with Dex, and that promoter I.4, which is not activated by FSK alone, is activated by FSK synergistically with Dex. The results of RT-PCR also suggest that promoter II, which responds to FSK, was not activated even in the presence of FSK in SV-HFO. The promoter I.4 sequence that was transfected into SV-HFO was activated by FSK synergistically with Dex.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Synergistic up-regulation of aromatase activity, CYP19 gene transcript, and promoter I.4 activity were Dex-dependent and not up-regulated by FSK alone. The results of this work may form the basis of bone-specific estrogen-replacement therapy that increases the estrogen concentration in bone tissue only.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ebara, Shinagawa, Tokyo, Japan. mastada@hoshi.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masatada
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Shuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: Shizuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakajin
mesh_terms: D001141:Aromatase / Q000235:genetics*; D002460:Cell Line; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000201:enzymology*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D005576:Colforsin; D003907:Dexamethasone; D001141:Aromatase