title: Prevalence of obesity, binge eating, and night eating in a cross-sectional field survey of 6-year-old children and their parents in a German urban population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To assess the prevalence of obesity, obesity-related binge eating, non-obesity-related binge eating, and night eating in five- to six-year-old children and to examine the impact of parental eating disturbances.
  
  
  METHODS
  When 2020 children attended their obligatory health exam prior to school entry in the city of Aachen, Germany, 1979 parents (97.9%) filled out a questionnaire on their child's eating habits and weight development in a cross-sectional survey. Anthropometric measurements were collected for all children in a standardized form.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Episodes of binge eating were found in 2.0% of the children surveyed and night eating in 1.1%. There was a significant relationship between binge eating and obesity but not between night eating and the child's weight. Children's binge eating and night eating were strongly associated with eating disturbances on the part of their mothers (adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence intervals]: 6.1 [2.7-13.5] and 7.8 [2.1-29.4], respectively) and with a non-German native language (adjusted odds ratios [95% confidence intervals]: 2.6 [1.2-5.5] and 11.6 [3.5-38.7], respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In concurrence with studies on adulthood, binge eating is linked to obesity already in early childhood. Children of mothers with eating disorders and children of mothers with a non-German native language are at increased risk of developing eating disorders themselves. Future studies should focus on obesity and eating disorders in early childhood; prevention programs should seek to target young children at risk as early as possible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Hospital of the Technical University of Aachen, Germany. alamerz@ukaachen.de
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lamerz
authors.forename: Jutta
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kuepper-Nybelen
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bruning
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wehle
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Trost-Brinkhues
authors.forename: Hermann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Brenner
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hebebrand
authors.forename: Beate
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Herpertz-Dahlmann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002032:Bulimia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology*; D002648:Child; D016241:Child of Impaired Parents / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology*; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D010290:Parents; D015995:Prevalence; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*