The primate hippocampus: ontogeny, early insult and memory.
Recent evidence suggests that in primates, as in rodents, the hippocampus shows a developmental continuum that affects memory abilities from infancy to adulthood. In primates relatively few hippocampal-dependent abilities (e.g. some aspects of recognition memory) are present in early infancy, whereas others (e.g. relational memory) begin to show adult-like characteristics around 2 years of age in monkeys and 5-7 years in humans. Profound and persistent memory loss resulting from insult to the hippocampus in infancy becomes evident in everyday behavior only later in childhood. This pattern of results suggests a maturational gradient within the medial temporal lobe memory system, with most abilities crucially dependent upon the hippocampus emerging in later stages of development, supporting a model of hierarchical organization of memory within the medial temporal lobe.
Bachevalier
Jocelyne
J
Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954 Gatewood Rd, Atlanta, GA, USA. jbachev@emory.edu
Vargha-Khadem
Faraneh
F
D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology; D009415:Nerve Net / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D011323:Primates / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors