title: Oral and pulmonary delivery of FSH-Fc fusion proteins via neonatal Fc receptor-mediated transcytosis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The alpha and beta subunits of FSH were fused to the Fc domain of IgG1 either in a single chain or a heterodimer format. These molecules were absorbed through the epithelium in lung and intestine by neonatal Fc receptor (FcRn)-mediated transcytosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Single chain and heterodimer FSH-Fc were made recombinantly in Chinese hamster ovary cells. Treatment of rats with a single s.c. dose of single chain or heterodimer FSH-Fc resulted in greater stimulation of ovarian weight (20.8+/-3.9 and 26.9+/-6.1 mg respectively) compared to those receiving vehicle (12.1+/-1.0 mg) or an equimolar dose of recombinant human FSH (14.3+/-1.7 mg). Both FSH-Fc fusion proteins were absorbed after oral dosing of newborn rats with long terminal half-lives of approximately 60 h, and pulmonary delivery in four cynomolgus monkeys produced maximum serum concentrations between 69 and 131 ng/ml with long terminal half-lives between 55 and 210 h. Serum inhibin levels increased after pulmonary dosing with single chain FSH-Fc (1.3- and 1.4-fold) and heterodimer FSH-Fc (5.9- and 7.1-fold) and remained elevated for >12 days after treatment with heterodimer FSH-Fc.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We have shown that FSH-Fc fusion proteins have increased stability in blood and improved bioactivity in vivo, and that heterodimer FSH-Fc is more active in rats and monkeys than single chain FSH-Fc. These data suggest that Fc fusion proteins offer the potential for oral and pulmonary delivery of FSH.
authors.affiliation: Syntonix Pharmaceuticals, Inc., 9 Fourth Avenue, Waltham, MA 02451, USA. slow@syntnx.com
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Low
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Nunes
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Bitonti
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Dumont
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000336:Aerosols; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001483:Base Sequence; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D007141:Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010053:Ovary / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D011961:Receptors, Fc / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D013737:Testis / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D007141:Immunoglobulin Fc Fragments; D011961:Receptors, Fc; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone