title: [Effects of hypoxia and tumor necrosis factor-alpha on production of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 in human proximal renal tubular cells].
abstract: Chronic hypoxia has been newly proposed as a common mechanism of tubulointerstitial fibrosis in the progression of various chronic inflammatory renal diseases, where PAI-1 plays an important role in the accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) through inhibition of plasmin-dependent ECM degradation. In the present study, we investigated the presence of PAI-1 in renal tubular cells by immunostaining renal biopsy samples. We also closely examined the effects of hypoxia and TNF-alpha on PAI-1 expression in cultured human proximal renal tubular cells (HRCs). Confluent cells growth-arrested in DMEM for 24h were exposed to hypoxia (1% O2) and/or TNF-alpha at 10 ng/ml for 24 hours. Amounts of PAI-1 protein and mRNA after stimulation were measured by ELISA and TaqMan quantitative PCR, respectively and compared to those in cells incubated under control conditions (18% O2 without TNF-alpha). HIF-1alpha was demonstrated by immunoblot analysis. In crescentic glomerulonephritis, clusters of proximal tubules were specifically stained for PAI-1. Treatment of 24 hours with hypoxia, TNF-alpha and their combination induced a 2.7-fold, a 1.8-fold, and a 4.6-fold increase in PAI-1 protein secretion, and produced a 3.6-fold, a 3.3-fold, and a 12.1-fold increase at the PAI-1 mRNA level, respectively. Immunoblot analysis revealed that hypoxia-inducible factor-1alpha (HIF-1alpha) was markedly accumulated in the nuclear fraction after 16-hours exposure of HPTECs to hypoxia but not to TNF-alpha. In conclusion, hypoxia induces PAI-1 expression via remarkable nuclear accumulation of HIF-1alpha in HRCs. TNF-alpha can enhance this hypoxia-induced PAI-1 expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Fukui University Hospital, Yoshida-gun, Fukui-pref. 910-1193.
authors.forename: Kunio
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Torii
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Xuan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Toshiharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imura
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Furusaki
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Haruyoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005921:Glomerulonephritis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007687:Kidney Tubules, Proximal / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha