title: Restless legs syndrome: confirmation of linkage to chromosome 12q, genetic heterogeneity, and evidence of complexity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Genes are involved in the etiology of restless legs syndrome, a common sensorimotor disorder.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To replicate and to further characterize our previously reported chromosome 12q linkage results.
  
  
  METHODS
  Family linkage study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 276 individuals from 19 families have been examined using a selection of markers spanning the identified candidate interval on chromosome 12q.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two-point analyses of individual pedigrees indicated that 5 kindreds were consistent with linkage to chromosome 12q. When considering these 5 pedigrees along with the family in which linkage was originally reported, we observed a maximum 2-point logarithm-of-odds score of 5.67 (at theta = 0.10; for marker D12S1636; autosomal recessive) and a maximum multipoint logarithm-of-odds score of 8.84 between the interval defined by markers D12S326 and D12S304. Furthermore, our results also suggest the presence of heterogeneity in restless legs syndrome as linkage was formally excluded across the region in 6 pedigrees. Interestingly, significantly higher periodic leg movements during sleep indices were observed for all probands with restless legs syndrome from linked families.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results support the presence of a major restless legs syndrome-susceptibility locus on chromosome 12q, which has been designated as RLS1, and also suggest that at least one additional locus may be involved in the origin of this prevalent condition.
authors.affiliation: Centre d'étude du sommeil, Hôpital du Sacré-Coeur de Montréal, Canada.
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Desautels
authors.forename: Gustavo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Turecki
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Montplaisir
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Arthur S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Walters
authors.forename: Bruce L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Ehrenberg
authors.forename: Kateri
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brisebois
authors.forename: Amelie K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Desautels
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gingras
authors.forename: William G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Elio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lugaresi
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Coccagna
authors.forename: Daniel L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Picchietti
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lazzarini
authors.forename: Guy A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Rouleau
mesh_terms: D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002881:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 12 / Q000235:genetics*; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005260:Female; D008040:Genetic Linkage / Q000235:genetics*; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005820:Genetic Testing; D006801:Humans; D008126:Lod Score; D008297:Male; D010375:Pedigree; D012148:Restless Legs Syndrome / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012893:Sleep Wake Disorders / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers