title: Hybrid procedures in pediatric cardiac surgery.
abstract: Hybrid pediatric cardiac surgery is an emerging field that combines skills and techniques used by pediatric cardiac surgeons and interventional pediatric cardiologists. This article describes the emerging indications and techniques in hybrid pediatric cardiac surgery and discusses potential future applications. It focuses on peratrial and perventricular septal defect closure, intraoperative stenting, hybrid stage I palliation for hypoplastic left heart syndrome, and percutaneous valve implantation.
authors.affiliation: Section of Cardiothoracic Surgery (Congenital and Pediatric Cardiac Surgery), The University of Chicago Children's Hospital, IL 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Emile A M
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Bacha
authors.forename: Ziyad M
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Hijazi
mesh_terms: D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D006343:Heart Septal Defects / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D018636:Hypoplastic Left Heart Syndrome / Q000601:surgery*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000379:methods*; D018579:Patient Selection; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome