title: Ranitidine bismuth citrate-based triple therapies as a second-line therapy for Helicobacter pylori in Turkish patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Quadruple therapy with a proton pump inhibitor, bismuth, metronidazole and tetracycline is recommended as the optimal second-line therapy of Helicobacter pylori infection in the Maastricht Consensus Report. The aim of the present paper was to evaluate the efficacy of ranitidine bismuth citrate (RBC)-based regimens as second-line therapies after failure of the standard Maastricht triple therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and sixteen H. pylori-positive patients were given omeprazole 20 mg b.d., clarithromycin 500 mg b.d., and amoxicillin 1 g b.d for 10 days. Patients remaining H. pylori-positive (n = 29) were combined with 27 patients enrolled after an initial eradication failure from proton-pump inhibitor (PPI), amoxicillin and clarithromycin therapy for at least 7 days and were randomly given one of the following second-line 10-day treatments: RBC 400 mg b.d., amoxicillin 1 g b.d and clarithromycin 500 mg b.d. (RAC group, n = 28) and RBC 400 mg b.d., metronidazole 500 mg b.d and tetracycline 500 mg b.d. (RMT group, n = 28). Eradication was assessed by either histology and rapid urease test or (13)C urea breath test 8 weeks after therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The eradication rate of first-line Maastricht therapy was 67% for intention-to-treat analysis (95% confidence interval [CI]: 58-75). Per-protocol and intention-to-treat eradication was achieved in 60.7% of patients (95%CI: 42-79) in the RAC group and in 85.7% of patients (95%CI: 73-98) in the RMT group (P = 0.03). Fifty-three percent of patients in the RAC and 50% of patients in the RMT group experienced at least one slight side-effect (P = 0.6).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  RMT is an effective and well-tolerated second-line therapy after H. pylori eradication failure from PPI, amoxicillin, and clarithromycin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Türkiye Yüksek Ihtisas Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. dckoksal@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Aydin S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Köksal
authors.forename: Erkan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Parlak
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Filik
authors.forename: Omer F
authors.initials: OF
authors.lastname: Yolcu
authors.forename: Bülent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Odemiş
authors.forename: Aysel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ulker
authors.forename: Nurgül
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saşmaz
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ozden
authors.forename: Burhan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sahin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001729:Bismuth / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001944:Breath Tests; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011899:Ranitidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013752:Tetracycline / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D008795:Metronidazole; C073340:ranitidine bismuth citrate; D000658:Amoxicillin; D011899:Ranitidine; D013752:Tetracycline; D017291:Clarithromycin; D009853:Omeprazole; D001729:Bismuth