title: A magnetic route to measure the average oxidation state of mixed-valent manganese in manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves (OMS).
abstract: A magnetic route has been applied for measurement of the average oxidation state (AOS) of mixed-valent manganese in manganese oxide octahedral molecular sieves (OMS). The method gives AOS measurement results in good agreement with titration methods. A maximum analysis deviation error of +/-7% is obtained from 10 sample measurements. The magnetic method is able to (1) confirm the presence of mixed-valent manganese and (2) evaluate AOS and the spin states of d electrons of both single oxidation state and mixed-valent state Mn in manganese oxides. In addition, the magnetic method may be extended to (1) determine AOS of Mn in manganese oxide OMS with dopant "diamagnetic" ions, such as reducible V5+ (3d0) ions, which is inappropriate for the titration method due to interference of redox reactions between these dopant ions and titration reagents, such as KMnO4, (2) evaluate the dopant "paramagnetic" ions that are present as clusters or in the OMS framework, and (3) determine AOS of other mixed-valent/single oxidation state ion systems, such as Mo3+(3d3)-Mo4+(3d2) systems and Fe3+ in FeCl3.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materials Science, and Departments of Physics and Chemistry, University of Connecticut, 55 North Eagleville Road, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA.
authors.forename: Xiong-Fei
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Yun-Shuang
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Jia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zhao-Hui
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Joseph I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Budnick
authors.forename: William A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Hines
authors.forename: Steven L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Suib