title: Ultrasonographic and radiographic assessment of uncomplicated secondary fracture healing of long bones in dogs and cats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the use of ultrasonography (US) to detect bone healing in uncomplicated diaphyseal fractures of dogs and cats, and to compare these observations with detection of healing by radiography (RG).
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dogs (33) and cats (11).
  
  
  METHODS
  RG and brightness mode US were used to follow uncomplicated secondary fracture healing. Fractures were examined at admission and then every 2-4 weeks until healed or implant removal. Temporal differences in definitive detection of healed fracture by imaging technique were examined by species, patient age, bone, and fracture type.
  
  
  RESULTS
  US images obtained during uncomplicated secondary fracture healing were consistent with images of fracture healing described in humans. Mean time to US diagnosis of a healed fracture (mean 46 days) was significantly shorter than by RG (mean 66 days). Mean time until diagnosis of a healed fracture (US and RG) did not differ significantly between open and closed treatment. Patients </=7 months (n=9) healed significantly faster (P<.05) than animals aged 7-36 months (n=24) and animals >36 months (n=11), but there was no significant difference between the latter 2 groups. Diagnosis of a healed simple fracture by US was significantly quicker than for a comminuted fracture (P<.05), but no difference was noted when using RG.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  US can be used to evaluate secondary fracture healing in biologically treated fractures in dogs and cats. US permits detection of a healed fracture earlier than RG.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Earlier diagnosis of a healed fracture by US can prevent unnecessarily long limb immobilization and allow earlier dynamization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging of Domestic Animals, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University Merelbeke, Belgium. marijerisselada@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Marije
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Risselada
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: Hilde
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: de Rooster
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Taeymans
authors.forename: Piet
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Verleyen
authors.forename: Henri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Bree
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002146:Bony Callus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002415:Cats / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D018483:Diaphyses / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D004285:Dogs / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary; D005592:Fracture Fixation / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D017102:Fracture Healing / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D011859:Radiography; D013978:Tibial Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography