Aging, subjective experience, and cognitive control: dramatic false remembering by older adults.
Recent research suggests that older adults are more susceptible to interference effects than are young adults; however, that research has failed to equate differences in original learning. In 4 experiments, the authors show that older adults are more susceptible to interference effects produced by a misleading prime. Even when original learning was equated, older adults were 10 times as likely to falsely remember misleading information and were much less likely to increase their accuracy by opting not to answer under conditions of free responding. The results are well described by a multinomial model that postulates multiple modes of cognitive control. According to that model, older adults are likely to be captured by misleading information, a form of goal neglect or deficit in inhibitory functions.
Jacoby
Larry L
LL
Department of Psychology, Washington University, St. Louis, MO 63130, USA. lljacoby@artsci.wustl.edu
Bishara
Anthony J
AJ
Hessels
Sandra
S
Toth
Jeffrey P
JP
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D001288:Attention; D003071:Cognition; D003463:Cues; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011939:Mental Recall; D014825:Vocabulary