title: Oxidative stress after muscle damage from immobilization and remobilization occurs locally and systemically.
abstract: Higher oxidative stress reportedly plays a key role in muscle damage caused by immobilization and subsequent remobilization. However, we have no clear understanding regarding oxidative stress during immobilization and remobilization. The purpose of this study was to clarify the characteristics of oxidative stress by measuring oxidative stress locally and systemically. Twenty-three New Zealand White rabbits were used in this study. Blood samples were collected on Days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21 of immobilization, and Days 1, 2, 3, and 4 of remobilization. The soleus muscles in immobilized and nonimmobilized limbs were harvested on Day 21 of immobilization and Day 7 or Day 14 of remobilization. Muscle wet weight was determined as the indicator of muscle atrophy. The levels of lipid peroxidation and glutathione in plasma and soleus muscles were measured. Immobilization and remobilization induced an increase in the lipid peroxidation levels and a decrease in glutathione levels in muscle and blood. These findings suggest that oxidative stress occurs locally and systemically, lasts throughout the immobilization period, but peaks at the early phase of remobilization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedics and Traumatology, Prince of Wales Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: Ming Ju
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jing Xian
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Kwong Man
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Kai Ming
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007103:Immobilization; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009133:Muscular Atrophy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009929:Organ Size; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D011336:Probability; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D012016:Reference Values; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species