title: Effects of the cell wall of Kluyveromyces marxianus YIT 8292 on the plasma cholesterol and fecal sterol excretion in rats fed on a high-cholesterol diet.
abstract: The cellular components involved in the hypocholesterolemic activity of Kluyveromyces marxianus YIT 8292 were examined in rats fed on a high-cholesterol diet. Whole cells (KM) were heated at 115 degrees C for 10 minutes and fractionated into water-soluble extract 1 and the insoluble residue (KM-CW). After mechanical disruption by glass beads, KM-CW was separated into the cell wall (KM-W) and water-soluble extract 2. Plasma total cholesterol was decreased by feeding KM-CW or KM-W, but was not changed by feeding extract 1 or extract 2. Feeding KM-CW and KM-W increased the fecal sterol excretion and concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFA) in the cecum. The hypocholesterolemic activity of KM-CW was completely abolished by the enzymatic degradation of alpha-mannan and beta-glucan. These results suggest that alpha-mannan and beta-glucan were the major active components of KM, and that its hypocholesterolemic activity may be attributable to the increasing fecal sterol excretion and/or production of SCFA.
authors.affiliation: Yakult Central Institute for Microbiological Research, Tokyo 186-8650, Japan. yasuto-yoshida@yakult.co.jp
authors.forename: Yasuto
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Wakae
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yokoi
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohishi
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Eiichiro
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.forename: Haruji
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sawada
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002432:Cecum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002457:Cell Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002473:Cell Wall; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004032:Diet; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007716:Kluyveromyces / Q000166:cytology*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012995:Solubility; D013261:Sterols / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002457:Cell Extracts; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005227:Fatty Acids; D011134:Polysaccharides; D013261:Sterols; D002784:Cholesterol