title: Carotid artery intima-media thickness and angiotensin-converting enzyme gene polymorphism in the offspring of parents with premature stroke.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine some common cardiovascular risk factors, alterations in the measurements of intima-media thickness (IMT) and the distribution of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) polymorphism in children of parents with premature stroke, and to investigate the cardiovascular risk of these children and the potential need for some preventive measures.
  
  
  METHODS
  A family history of cardiovascular disease represents a cardiovascular risk factor in the offspring. This association has not yet been clearly determined for cerebrovascular accidents. New technology allows us to investigate the risk for cardiovascular disease at an early presymptomatic stage. We applied the measurement of IMT of carotid arteries by ultrasound imaging and the determination of the ACE insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism in blood to evaluate the predisposition for cerebrovascular disease in the offspring of patients with previous stroke. We investigated 58 subjects whose parents had experienced a cerebrovascular accident before the age of 45 y and compared them with a matched control group whose parents had not suffered a stroke.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of IMT at various sites of the carotid arteries and the genotype distribution of the ACE gene were not significantly different between the study group and the control group. In addition, no differences were found in the serum levels of lipid fractions or other biochemical variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that determination of the carotid IMT and of the ACE I/D polymorphism do not permit discrimination of the cardiovascular risk in children of parents with or without premature stroke.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Maribor Teaching Hospital, Maribor, Slovenia. aleksander.varda@amis.net
authors.forename: N Marcun
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Varda
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Peterlin
authors.forename: S Umek
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Bradac
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gregoric
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D020521:Stroke / Q000235:genetics*; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A