Mitotic rate as a predictor of sentinel lymph node positivity in patients with thin melanomas.
BACKGROUND
Lymphatic mapping and sentinel lymphadenectomy (LM/SL) provide important prognostic information for patients with early-stage melanoma. Although the use of this technique in patients with thin melanomas (< or =1.00 mm) is not routine, risk factors that may predict sentinel lymph node (SLN) positivity in this patient population are under investigation. We sought to determine whether mitotic rate (MR) is associated with SLN positivity in thin-melanoma patients and, therefore, whether it may be used to risk-stratify and select patients for LM/SL.


METHODS
Clinical and histopathologic variables were reviewed for 181 patients with thin melanomas who underwent LM/SL from January 1996 through January 2004. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses were performed to identify factors associated with SLN positivity. Risk groups were defined on the basis of the development of a classification tree.


RESULTS
The overall SLN positivity rate was 5%. All patients with positive SLNs had an MR of >0. By univariate analysis, MR and thickness were significant predictors of SLN positivity. The association between MR and SLN positivity remained significant controlling for each of the other variables evaluated. On the basis of a classification tree, patients with an MR >0 and tumor thickness > or =.76 mm were identified as a higher-risk group, with an SLN positivity rate of 12.3%.


CONCLUSIONS
In patients with thin melanomas, MR >0 seems to be a significant predictor of SLN positivity that may be used to risk-stratify and select patients for LM/SL. To confirm these results, the predictive value of MR for SLN positivity needs to be validated in other populations of thin-melanoma patients.
Kesmodel
Susan B
SB
Department of Surgery, Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
Karakousis
Giorgos C
GC
Botbyl
Jeffrey D
JD
Canter
Robert J
RJ
Lewis
Robert T
RT
Wahl
Peter M
PM
Terhune
Kyla P
KP
Alavi
Abass
A
Elder
David E
DE
Ming
Michael E
ME
Guerry
DuPont
D
Gimotty
Phyllis A
PA
Fraker
Douglas L
DL
Czerniecki
Brian J
BJ
Spitz
Francis R
FR
D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008938:Mitosis; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology*