title: Is routine cardiac catheterization necessary in the management of patients with single ventricles across staged Fontan reconstruction? No!
abstract: With the advent of cardiac magnetic resonance imaging and high-resolution echocardiography, cardiac catheterization is unnecessary in clinical protocols in the "routine" single ventricle patient. Catheterization adds little to clinical care in these cases, and there are significant risks and costs associated with it. Catheterization should be reserved for cases in which noninvasive evaluations are equivocal, conflictory, demonstrate deterioration, or needed for intervention. This article delineates the role of noninvasive evaluations relative to cardiac catheterization in the routine single ventricle patient.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Pediatrics, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, 34th Street and Civic Center Boulevard, Philadelphia, PA, 19104, USA. fogel@email.chop.edu
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Fogel
mesh_terms: D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D018729:Fontan Procedure; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging