title: Gustatory stimulation changes the apparent diffusion coefficient of salivary glands: initial experience.
abstract: Echo-planar diffusion-weighted (DW) magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was used to evaluate changes in the parotid glands during gustatory stimulation. The study protocol was approved by the local ethics committee, and informed consent was obtained from all volunteers. Twelve healthy volunteers (five women, seven men) with a median age of 25 years (range, 22-30 years) were examined with a 1.5-T MR unit. A DW MR imaging sequence was performed once at rest and continuously repeated over a mean period of 26 minutes (range, 24-28 minutes) during salivary stimulation with a tablet of ascorbic acid given orally. During the first 5 minutes (range, 1 minute 30 seconds--7 minutes 30 seconds) of salivary stimulation, a decrease in apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) was observed in both the parotid (P = .0001) and the submandibular (P = .0004) glands in all volunteers. During the following 15 minutes, a steady increase in ADC from the baseline value was noted for the parotid glands (P = .0022), and peak ADC was reached a median of 21 minutes (range, 14-21 minutes) after the start of gustatory stimulation. The ADC of the submandibular glands did not increase significantly after the start of gustatory stimulation compared with the ADC at baseline. In conclusion, DW MR imaging allows physicians to noninvasively demonstrate functional changes in the salivary glands.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University Hospitals Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Harriet C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Thoeny
authors.forename: Frederik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: De Keyzer
authors.forename: Filip G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Claus
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sunaert
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hermans
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D010306:Parotid Gland / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012016:Reference Values; D012472:Salivation / Q000502:physiology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013363:Submandibular Gland / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D013649:Taste / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001205:Ascorbic Acid