title: Interleukin 1B gene (IL-1B) and interleukin 1 receptor antagonist gene (IL-1RN) polymorphisms in Helicobacter pylori-negative gastric cancer of intestinal and diffuse histotype.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polymorphisms in the interleukin 1beta gene (IL-1B-31T/C and IL-1B-511C/T single nucleotide changes) and in the interleukin 1 receptor anatagonist gene (IL-1RN2 variable number of tandem repeats) have been studied with respect to gastric cancer susceptibility. Available data support an aetiologic role of these genetic variants in the presence of concomitant Helicobacter pylori infection. Their contribution without H. pylori infection is still an open field of investigation.
  
  
  METHODS
  IL-1B and IL-1RN polymorphisms were investigated in 138 H. pylori-negative Italian patients with sporadic gastric cancer and 100 H. pylori-negative controls. Unconditional regression with odd ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (CI), haplotype and linkage disequilibrium analyses were used to investigate the association of the polymorphisms with disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all gastric cancer cases, carriers of the homozygous IL-1B-511T/T genotype showed a significant risk for the development of the disease (OR 3.2 with 95% CI 1.27-8.05). In cases with intestinal-type gastric cancer, however, both IL-1B-511T and IL-1RN2 alleles were associated with disease. In this subgroup, the odds ratio for carriers of both IL-1B-511T and IL-1RN2 was 6.49 (95% CI 2.07-20.4). Haplotype analysis supported the aetiologic contribution of these alleles in gastric cancer of the intestinal histotype.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, IL-1B-511T and IL-1RN2 may contribute to intestinal gastric cancer risk in the absence of concomitant H. pylori infection. In this setting, future epidemiologic studies should consider dietary habits and exposure to carcinogens interacting with pro-inflammatory host genotypes.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry 'G Fornaini', University of Urbino, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruzzo
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Graziano
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pizzagalli
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Santini
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Battistelli
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Panunzi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Canestrari
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Catalano
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Humar
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ficarelli
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bearzi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cascinu
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Naldi
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Testa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Magnani
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006239:Haplotypes; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012306:Risk; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins