title: Identification of murine uterine genes regulated in a ligand-dependent manner by the progesterone receptor.
abstract: Progesterone (P4) acting through its cognate receptor, the progesterone receptor (PR), plays an important role in uterine physiology. The PR knockout (PRKO) mouse has demonstrated the importance of the P4-PR axis in the regulation of uterine function. To define the molecular pathways regulated by P4-PR in the mouse uterus, Affymetrix MG U74Av2 oligonucleotide arrays were used to identify alterations in gene expression after acute and chronic P4 treatments. PRKO and wild-type mice were ovariectomized and then treated with vehicle or 1 mg P4 every 12 h. Mice were killed either 4 h after the first injection (acute P4 treatment) or after the fourth injection of P4 (chronic P4 treatment). At the genomic level, the major change in gene expression after acute P4 treatment was an increase in the expression of 55 genes. Conversely, the major change in gene expression after chronic P4 treatment was an overall reduction in the expression of 102 genes. In the analysis, retinoic acid metabolic genes, cytochrome P 450 26a1 (Cyp26a1), alcohol dehydrogenase 5, and aldehyde dehydrogenase 1a1 (Aldh1a1); kallikrein genes, Klk5 and Klk6; and specific transcription factors, GATA-2 and Cited2 [cAMP-corticosterone-binding protein/p300-interacting transactivator with glutamic acid (E) and aspartic acid (D)-rich tail], were validated as regulated by the P4-PR axis. Identification and analysis of these responsive genes will help define the role of PR in regulating uterine biology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Jae-Wook
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Kevin Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Inseok
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.forename: Lisa D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Susan G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Hilsenbeck
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Lydon
authors.forename: Francesco J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: DeMayo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics; D004798:Enzymes / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D008024:Ligands; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D010052:Ovariectomy; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D000072516:Retinoic Acid 4-Hydroxylase; D014599:Uterus / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D004798:Enzymes; D008024:Ligands; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; C000607080:Cyp26a1 protein, mouse; D000072516:Retinoic Acid 4-Hydroxylase