title: Arterial stiffness is associated with diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetes.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between arterial stiffness and diabetic retinopathy. The subjects comprised 1004 patients with type 2 diabetes. Pulse-wave velocity (PWV) was used as a marker of arterial stiffness. Clinical characteristics, including PWV and diabetic retinopathy (DR), were investigated in a cross-sectional study. PWV, duration of diabetes, systolic blood pressure and hemoglobin A1c level were all significantly higher in patients with diabetic retinopathy than in individuals without this disorder. The association between brachial-ankle PWV and diabetic retinopathy remained significant after statistical adjustment, with increasing odds ratios (ORs) from the second quartile (OR, 2.09; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.21-3.61), to the third (OR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.61-4.86) and fourth (OR, 4.64; 95% CI, 2.54-8.52) quartiles. Diabetic retinopathy was, therefore, associated with arterial stiffness in patients with type 2 diabetes. Our findings also suggested that PWV might be a marker of vascular injury caused by chronic hyperglycemia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Metabolism and Endocrinology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan. GGD03273@nifty.ne.jp
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Chisa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Tomiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakaniwa
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Ryuzo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kawamori
mesh_terms: D000842:Ankle / Q000098:blood supply; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003187:Compliance; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D005783:Gender Identity; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011674:Pulse
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin