title: Loss of peritubular capillaries in the development of chronic allograft nephropathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic allograft nephropathy (CAN) remains the most important cause of late renal graft loss. In this study, we examined the role of peritubular capillary (PTC) injury in the development of CAN.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied renal biopsies (n = 79) obtained from grafts with CAN. PTC injury was examined morphologically by immunohistochemistry for CD34. These findings were correlated with interstitial fibrosis and graft dysfunction. Humoral immunity involved in CAN was studied by C4d staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CAN cases in the present study included chronic rejection (CR) (n = 14, 17.8%) and C4d-positive chronic humoral rejection (CHR; n = 6, 42.9% in CR cases). Irrespective of CR, CHR, or other CAN, the development of CAN was characterized by injury to and loss of identifiable PTCs, accompanied with the development of interstitial fibrosis. In CR and CHR cases, the loss of PTCs was prominent and seemed to progress within a relatively short period after transplantation. A decrease in the number of PTCs significantly correlated with the development of interstitial fibrosis (r = -0.75, P < .001) and impairment of graft function (r = -0.69, P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Irrespective of whether CR, CHR, or other factors contribute to CAN, the processes involved in its development appear similar and are characterized by progressive injury and loss of PTCs, with the development of renal scarring. Immunohistochemistry for CD34 in human renal biopsies is a useful method for the detection of microvascular injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Kidney Center, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sawada
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kubota
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fuchinoue
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Teraoka
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shimizu
mesh_terms: D000917:Antibody Formation; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000032:analysis; D002196:Capillaries / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D018952:Antigens, CD34