Magnetic resonance techniques in the assessment of myelin and myelination.
Leukodystrophy is a common central nervous system manifestation of inborn errors of metabolism. Until magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) emerged as a clinical tool, the diagnosis of leukodystrophy was difficult and imprecise; MRI has allowed new understandings and classifications of leukodystrophies that have greatly enhanced both our diagnostic ability and our understanding of these complex disorders. However, optimal use of MRI in this setting requires a fundamental understanding of myelin structure, myelin development, and the changes seen on MRI with myelination and demyelination. The purpose of this review is to provide the reader with the necessary tools for the use of MRI to diagnose and follow patients with leukodystrophies.
Barkovich
A J
AJ
University of California, San Francisco, California 94143-0628, USA. jimb@radiology.ucsf.edu
D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008661:Metabolism, Inborn Errors / Q000473:pathology; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*