title: Origin and dissemination of chloroquine-resistant Plasmodium falciparum with mutant pfcrt alleles in the Philippines.
abstract: The pfcrt allelic type and adjacent microsatellite marker type were determined for 82 Plasmodium falciparum isolates from the Philippines. Mutant pfcrt allelic types P1a and P2a/P2b were dominant in different locations. Microsatellite analysis revealed that P2a/P2b evolved independently in the Philippines, while P1a shared common ancestry with Papua New Guinea chloroquine-resistant parasites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Resistance and Diagnostics, Australian Army Malaria Institute, Weary Dunlop Drive, Gallipoli Barracks, Enoggera, Queensland 4051, Australia.
authors.forename: Nanhua
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Danny W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Cielo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pasay
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: Laura B
authors.initials: LB
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kyle
authors.forename: Qin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002738:Chloroquine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D006801:Humans; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D010679:Philippines / Q000453:epidemiology; D010963:Plasmodium falciparum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*; D015800:Protozoan Proteins
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; C416369:PfCRT protein, Plasmodium falciparum; D015800:Protozoan Proteins; D002738:Chloroquine