Isolation, characterization, and antioxidant activity of E- and Z-p-coumaryl fatty acid esters from cv. Annurca apple fruits.
A total of 12 fatty acid esters of Z- and E-p-coumaryl alcohol were isolated from cv. Annurca apple fruit and characterized. This apple variety is widely cultivated in the south of Italy, and the fruits typically undergoe a reddening treatment after harvest. Structures of the p-coumaryl esters were elucidated by GC-MS and (1)H and (13)C NMR after purification of individual compounds by HPLC. It was found that the esters are localized in the fruit peel. During reddening of the fruit, there was a substantial increase in the amount of esters and particularly in molecular species with unsaturated fatty acids. The individual compounds were tested for antioxidant activity, and over half were shown to be at least as effective as alpha-tocopherol.
Cefarelli
Giuseppe
G
Dipartimento di Scienze della Vita, Seconda Università di Napoli, via Vivaldi 43, I-81100 Caserta, Italy.
D'Abrosca
Brigida
B
Fiorentino
Antonio
A
Izzo
Angelina
A
Monaco
Pietro
P
D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004952:Esters / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D027845:Malus / Q000737:chemistry*
D000975:Antioxidants; D003373:Coumaric Acids; D004952:Esters; D005227:Fatty Acids