title: Highly successful living donor kidney transplantation after conversion to negative of a previously positive flow-cytometry cross-match by pretransplant plasmapheresis.
abstract: Between July 2001 and November 2003, 16 patients with a positive flow-cytometry crossmatch to their potential living donor for kidney transplant were treated with desensitization protocol based on plasmapheresis and low-dose IVIg starting 1 week before the scheduled transplant. Twelve patients (75%) converted to negative crossmatch and were successfully transplanted. Immunosuppression consisted of induction with thymoglobulin, tacrolimus, mycophenolate mofetil, and steroids. Plasmapheresis and IVIg were continued on alternate days for the first postoperative week. The 1-year patient and graft survival was 100%. The rate of acute rejection was 41% (16% cellular and 25% humoral). All of the rejection episodes resolved with treatment. Combination of plasmapheresis and IVIg allows successful conversion from positive to negative flow-cytometry crossmatch in 75% of cases; after conversion, kidney transplant can be carried out with a high rate of success.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thielke
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: DeChristopher
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sankary
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oberholzer
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Testa
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Benedetti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D019520:Living Donors; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010956:Plasmapheresis; D011300:Preoperative Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome