title: Cognitive performance in Alzheimer's disease patients receiving rivastigmine for up to 5 years.
abstract: This analysis aimed to assess mini-mental state examination (MMSE) scores in patients with Alzheimer's disease who received rivastigmine, an inhibitor of acetylcholinesterase and butyrylcholinesterase, for up to 5 years. Rivastigmine data came from two pooled open-label extensions of four 6-month, randomised, placebo-controlled trials. Projections of decline, had the same patients not been treated, were made using a baseline-dependent mathematical model. MMSE data were available for 1998 rivastigmine-treated patients and 657, 298 and 83 were still on treatment at 3, 4 and 5 years, respectively. The mean (+/-SD) baseline MMSE score was 19.3 (+/-4.9). Projected mean scores in model-based untreated patients declined below 10 points on the MMSE at about 3 years, while the mean MMSE score of patients who remained on rivastigmine stayed above 10 points for 5 years.
authors.affiliation: UCLA Neuropsychiatric Institute, Los Angeles, CA 90024-1759, USA. gsmall@mednet.ucla.edu
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Small
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kaufer
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Mendiondo
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Quarg
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Spiegel
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017326:Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D048448:Phenylcarbamates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D000068836:Rivastigmine; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D048448:Phenylcarbamates; D000068836:Rivastigmine