The role of p53 in treatment responses of lung cancer.
Resistance to radio- and chemotherapy is a major problem in treatment responses of lung cancer. In this disease, biological markers, that can be predictive of response to treatment for guiding clinical practice, still need to be validated. Radiotherapy and most chemotherapeutic agents directly target DNA and in response to such therapies, p53 functions as a coordinator of the DNA repair process, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis. In fact, it participates in the main DNA repair systems operative in cells, including NHEJ, HRR, NER, BER, and MMR. Given the high p53 mutation frequency in lung cancer which likely impairs some of the p53-mediated functions, a role of p53 as a predictive marker for treatment responses has been suggested. In this review, we summarize the conflicting results coming from preclinical and clinical studies on the role of p53 as a predictive marker of responses to chemotherapy or radiotherapy in lung cancer.
Viktorsson
Kristina
K
Unit of Medical Radiobiology, Department of Oncology/Pathology, Cancer Center Karolinska R8:00, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
De Petris
Luigi
L
Lewensohn
Rolf
R
D015415:Biomarkers; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000628:therapy*; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004260:DNA Repair; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D016147:Genes, Tumor Suppressor; D016158:Genes, p53; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000628:therapy*; D009154:Mutation; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011836:Radiation Tolerance; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000072160:Tumor Protein p73; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000502:physiology*; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
D015415:Biomarkers; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; C115051:TP63 protein, human; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000072160:Tumor Protein p73; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins