title: Mitotic index and benefit of adjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy in patients with early breast cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We have evaluated whether the mitotic index could predict the benefit of adjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy in patients with early breast cancer who are eligible for adjuvant chemotherapy according to Saint Gallen guidelines.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 937 patients from a single institution were included in two randomized trials that compared adjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy with no chemotherapy. These patients account for 83% of the overall population included in these trials. The first trial included premenopausal patients with node-negative disease, and the second one included postmenopausal patients, regardless of lymph node status. The treatment benefit was assessed according to the number of mitoses per field (x400).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mitotic index was assessable in 888 patients (94%). All the patients presented as either node-positive or an average-risk breast cancer according to 2003 Saint Gallen consensus conference guidelines. The 5-year overall survival rates were 91% and 87% for patients treated or not with adjuvant chemotherapy (P = .09). In patients with low/medium mitotic index (< three mitoses/field; n = 450), the 5-year overall survival rate was 95% for patients treated or not with adjuvant chemotherapy (P = .56). In patients with high mitotic index (>/= three mitoses/field; n = 438), the 5-year overall survival rates were 86% and 79% for patients treated or not treated with adjuvant chemotherapy, respectively (P = .02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A high mitotic index is associated with the efficacy of adjuvant anthracycline-based chemotherapy in patients eligible for adjuvant chemotherapy in daily practice.
authors.affiliation: Comite 050, Institut Gustave Roussy, 39 Rue C. Desmoulins, Villejuif, France. fandre@igr.fr
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Andre
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khalil
authors.forename: Khemaies
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Slimane
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Massard
authors.forename: Marie Christine
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Mathieu
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vignot
authors.forename: Hazem
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Assi
authors.forename: Suzette
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Delaloge
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Spielmann
mesh_terms: D018943:Anthracyclines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000601:surgery; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D008940:Mitotic Index; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D018943:Anthracyclines