HHV-6-DNAemia related to CMV-DNAemia after liver transplantation.
In addition to cytomegalovirus (CMV), activation of other betaherpesviruses, especially human herpesvirus 6 (HHV-6), has been reported in liver transplant patients. The purpose of this study was to investigate the posttransplant HHV-6-DNAemia in relation to CMV-DNAemia in liver transplant patients. Thirty-one adult liver allograft recipients were regularly monitored for CMV and HHV-6 during the first 3 months after transplantation. For the diagnosis of CMV infections, pp65-antigenemia assay and quantitative DNA-PCR were used. HHV-6 was demonstrated by using quantitative DNA-PCR and HHV-6 antigenemia test. Altogether 253 blood specimens of 31 recipients were analyzed. In addition, CMV and HHV-6 specific antigens were demonstrated by immunohistochemistry in liver biopsy specimens in the case of graft dysfunction. Thirteen patients (40%) developed a clinically significant CMV infection, at a mean of 33 days (range 5 to 62 days) after transplantation and were treated with intravenous ganciclovir. The peak viral loads of these symptomatic CMV infections were high (CMV-DNA 34210 +/- 37557 copies/mL plasma). Six additional asymptomatic patients demonstrated significantly lower CMV-DNAemia levels (1020 +/- 1008 copies/mL, P < .05), and were not treated. Concurrently with CMV, HHV-6 DNAemia and antigenemia were detected in 17 of 19 patients, mean 11 days (range 6 to 24 days) after transplantation. HHV-6 appeared prior to CMV in most cases (12 of 17). However, the peak viral loads were low (HHV-6-DNA <1500 copies/mL blood), even in the five patients who demonstrated HHV-6 antigens on liver biopsy. All CMV infections were successfully treated with ganciclovir and the CMV DNAemia/antigenemia subsided. HHV-6 also responded to the antiviral treatment, but more slowly and less clearly. In conclusion, HHV-6 activations were common and usually associated with CMV infection in liver transplant patients. Further investigation of the clinical significance of HHV-6 DNAemia/antigenemia is necessary.
Härmä
M
M
Department of Virology, Helsinki University Hospital and University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland. Maiju.Harma@helsinki.fi
Loginov
R
R
Piiparinen
H
H
Halme
L
L
Höckerstedt
K
K
Lautenschlager
I
I
D000328:Adult; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000235:genetics*; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015654:Herpesvirus 6, Human / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000502:physiology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000821:virology*; D011184:Postoperative Period; D019349:Roseolovirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
D004279:DNA, Viral