title: Vav activation and function as a rac guanine nucleotide exchange factor in macrophage colony-stimulating factor-induced macrophage chemotaxis.
abstract: Signal transduction mediated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI 3-kinase) is regulated by hydrolysis of its products, a function performed by the 145-kDa SH2 domain-containing inositol phosphatase (SHIP). Here, we show that bone marrow macrophages of SHIP(-/-) animals have elevated levels of phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-trisphosphate [PI (3,4,5)P(3)] and displayed higher and more prolonged chemotactic responses to macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF) and elevated levels of F-actin relative to wild-type macrophages. We also found that the small GTPase Rac was constitutively active and its upstream activator Vav was constitutively phosphorylated in SHIP(-/-) macrophages. Furthermore, we show that Vav in wild-type macrophages is recruited to the membrane in a PI 3-kinase-dependent manner through the Vav pleckstrin homology domain upon M-CSF stimulation. Dominant inhibitory mutants of both Rac and Vav blocked chemotaxis. We conclude that Vav acts as a PI 3-kinase-dependent activator for Rac activation in macrophages stimulated with M-CSF and that SHIP regulates macrophage M-CSF-triggered chemotaxis by hydrolysis of PI (3,4,5)P(3).
authors.affiliation: The Oklahoma Medical Research Foundation, Immunobiology and Cancer Program, 825 N.E. 13th St., Oklahoma City, OK 73104, USA.
authors.forename: Vidya
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vedham
authors.forename: Hyewon
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Phee
authors.forename: K Mark
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Coggeshall
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000187:drug effects*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D018129:Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D000072183:Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-Trisphosphate 5-Phosphatases; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D021381:Protein Transport; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D051567:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-vav; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D020744:rac GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D018129:Phosphatidylinositol Phosphates; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051567:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-vav; C496619:Vav1 protein, mouse; C060974:phosphatidylinositol 3,4,5-triphosphate; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; C098706:INPPL1 protein, human; D000072183:Phosphatidylinositol-3,4,5-Trisphosphate 5-Phosphatases; D020744:rac GTP-Binding Proteins