title: Do preservation solutions protect rat cremaster microcirculation during ischemia and reperfusion?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our aim was to investigate the potential of the preservation solution Celsior to protect rat cremaster muscle microcirculation during ischemia and reperfusion, and to compare its effects with those of HTK (histidine-tryptophan-ketoglutarate-Bretschneider solution). Because of its anti-oxidant contents, we expected Celsior to be more protective than HTK.
  
  
  METHODS
  Capillary perfusion and leukocyte-endothelium interactions were examined in rat cremaster muscle using intravital microscopy. After perfusion with Celsior or HTK (4 degrees C), the cremaster was subjected to 4 or 6 h of warm (33-34 degrees C) ischemia and 2 h of reperfusion. Measurements were performed prior to perfusion and/or ischemia, and 0, 1, and 2 h after restoration of flow.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Without Celsior or HTK, capillary perfusion transiently decreased to 50% of baseline after 4 h of ischemia; it remained low (45%) after 6 h of ischemia. Whereas HTK had no significant influence, Celsior deteriorated capillary perfusion: it remained low after 4 h of ischemia (39-48%) and decreased even further after 6 h of ischemia (18-8%). Both preservation solutions similarly reduced the increase in leukocyte-endothelium interactions after ischemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Preischemic tissue perfusion with Celsior had an adverse effect on capillary perfusion in rat cremaster muscle after 4 and 6 h of ischemia, whereas HTK did not significantly influence this parameter. Both preservation solutions similarly prevented the increase in leukocyte-endothelium interactions after ischemia. These data suggest that HTK is more suited as a preservation solution for muscular tissue than Celsior, especially when the known protective effects of HTK on muscle function are taken into account.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic, Reconstructive & Hand Surgery, Utrecht University Medical Center, Utrecht, the Netherlands. jbas@spch.azm.nl
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bastiaanse
authors.forename: Dick W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Slaaf
authors.forename: Mirjam G A
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: oude Egbrink
authors.forename: Willy D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Boeckx
authors.forename: Moshe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004187:Disaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D004573:Electrolytes / Q000494:pharmacology; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D005971:Glutamates / Q000494:pharmacology; D005978:Glutathione / Q000494:pharmacology; D006639:Histidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D007511:Ischemia / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000494:pharmacology; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects*; D009132:Muscles / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects*; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D011343:Procaine / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015424:Reperfusion
chemical_list: C039984:Bretschneider cardioplegic solution; C088453:Celsior; D004187:Disaccharides; D004573:Electrolytes; D005971:Glutamates; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions; D008353:Mannitol; D006639:Histidine; D011343:Procaine; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D005978:Glutathione; D005947:Glucose