title: Effects of propolis on cell growth and gene expression in HL-60 cells.
abstract: Brazilian propolis obtained from honeybee hives was extracted with water or ethanol. Cell growth-inhibitory activities of these propolis extracts were found in HL-60 human myeloid leukemia cells. The extracts-induced apoptosis in the cells, which was characterized by morphological and nucleosomal DNA fragmentation analysis. The apoptosis was mainly attributed to the induction of granulocytic differentiation, which was evaluated by nitro blue tetrazolium (NBT) reducing assays and cytofluorometric analysis for the expression of cell surface marker CD11b. DNA microarray analysis was performed to examine the gene expression profiles in the propolis-treated HL-60 cells accompanied with granulocytic differentiation, which were compared with those in all-trans retinoic acid-treated cells. Several genes were up- or down-regulated. Two genes encoding S100 calcium binding protein A9 and ferritin, heavy polypeptide 1 were up-regulated, which were also confirmed by semi-quantitative reverse transcriptase-PCR (RT-PCR). Propolis-induced growth inhibition in HL-60 cells was, at least in part, due to differentiation with gene expression profiles, which are similar to those induced by all-trans retinoic acid.
authors.affiliation: Nagaragawa Research Center, API Co. Ltd., 692-3 Nagara, Gifu 502-0071, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mishima
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Narita
authors.forename: Satomi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chikamatsu
authors.forename: Yoshikazu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inoh
authors.forename: Shozo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Chie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akao
authors.forename: Kazu-Michi
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nozawa
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D009580:Nitroblue Tetrazolium; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011429:Propolis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D009580:Nitroblue Tetrazolium; D011429:Propolis