title: Feasibility and safety of string wireless capsule endoscopy in the diagnosis of esophageal varices.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the feasibility, safety, accuracy, and acceptability of "string-capsule endoscopy" in the evaluation of esophageal varices.
  
  
  METHODS
  Strings were attached to the wireless capsule endoscopy device to allow its controlled movement up and down the esophagus. Time of recording and discomfort associated with the procedure was documented. Patient's preference compared to conventional esophago-gastro-duodenoscopy (EGD) was recorded. An independent endoscopist blinded to EGD diagnoses assessed the diagnostic accuracy of pictures obtained.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty patients with clinical liver cirrhosis (mean age: 54.4 yr; mean MELD score: 12.5, and mean Child-Pugh score: 6.3) were enrolled; 19 for surveillance and 11 for screening purposes. The procedure was safe (no strings were disrupted and no capsule was lost). The mean recording time was 5.8 min (2.9-8.7), the accuracy 96.7%, and discomfort was minimal. The majority (83.3%) of patients preferred string-capsule endoscopy to EGD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  String-capsule endoscopy was feasible, safe, accurate, highly acceptable, and preferred by cirrhotic patients undergoing screening/surveillance of esophageal varices. The technique may prove to be more cost effective than conventional EGD.
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Section, Departments of Medicine and Research, Carl T. Hayden Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Phoenix, Arizona, USA.
authors.forename: Francisco C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Ramirez
authors.forename: Shahina
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hakim
authors.forename: Erin M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Tharalson
authors.forename: Masud S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Shaukat
authors.forename: Rodney
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Akins
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003679:Deglutition / Q000502:physiology; D020776:Endoscopes, Gastrointestinal; D004867:Equipment Design; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004945:Esophagoscopy / Q000379:methods; D004947:Esophagus / Q000473:pathology; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005683:Gagging / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012449:Safety; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013997:Time Factors