title: [Five fatalities due to inhalation of "asphyxiant gases": pathophysiological analysis in autopsy cases].
abstract: Five autopsy cases were examined to investigate fatal factors involved in inhalation of "asphyxiant gases": carbon monoxide (CO, n=3), fluorocarbons (n=1) and butane (n=1). In all cases, there was severe pulmonary edema and congestion in all viscera, suggesting advanced circulatory failure. The airway was filled with bloody froth in cases of fluorocarbons and butane inhalation. In CO intoxication, a marked increase in serum cardiac troponins suggested severe myocardial damage. There were also biochemical findings of respiratory distress (an evident increase in intra-alveolar pulmonary surfactant protein A), alveolar injury (an increase in serum surfactant protein A and D), rhabdomyolysis (myoglobinuria) and prolonged hypoxia (myogenic hyperuricemia) in cases of inhaling incomplete combustion gases. In a case of fluorocarbons gas inhalation, biochemical findings suggested respiratory distress, myocardial ischemia (an increase in serum CK-MB) and advanced hypoxia. Similar findings were observed in a case of butane inhalation, although cardiac troponin levels were low in the peripheral blood. These observations suggested that myocardial damage was prominent in CO intoxication, accompanied by respiratory distress in cases of inhaling incomplete combustion gases, whereas respiratory distress and hypoxia were major findings in cases of fluorocarbons and butane gas inhalation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Legal Medicine, Osaka City University Medical School.
authors.forename: Bao-Li
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Takaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oritani
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Quan
authors.forename: Dong-Ri
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Michiue
authors.forename: Masafumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maeda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001237:Asphyxia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D001344:Autopsy; D002073:Butanes / Q000506:poisoning*; D002249:Carbon Monoxide Poisoning / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form; D005466:Fluorocarbons / Q000506:poisoning*; D005740:Gases; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011180:Postmortem Changes; D037662:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D019210:Troponin I / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002073:Butanes; D005466:Fluorocarbons; D005740:Gases; D007527:Isoenzymes; D037662:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein A; C445842:SFTPA1 protein, human; D019210:Troponin I; C046888:butane; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form