title: [Estimation of diffuse bone marrow infiltration of the spine in multiple myeloma: correlation of MRT with histological results].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the detection of diffuse bone marrow infiltration with MRI in comparison with histopathological findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  MRI was performed on 45 patients with histologically proven multiple myeloma and on 30 healthy individuals. Three experienced radiologists read separately Tl-weighted SE sequences, STIR sequences and the combination of Tl-weighted SE and STIR sequences of the spine. Additionally, Tl-weighted SE sequences were obtained after gadolinium administration and the percentage increase in signal intensity was calculated. Bone marrow histology was used as gold standard for assessing the grade of infiltration. A dichotomous decision (infiltration yes/no) was made when assessing the MRI examinations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the visual detection of diffuse infiltration, the best sensitivity was found with Tl-weighted SE sequences, achieving 71 % on average. The specificity was 89 %. The STIR sequences showed a sensitivity of 61 % and a specificity of 98 %, and the combination of Tl-weighted/STIR-sequences achieved a sensitivity of 65 % and a specificity of 94 %. In comparison with the histological findings, the sensitivity of the Tl-weighted sequences was 35 % for low-grade, 89 % for moderate and 100 % for high-grade infiltration. The application of contrast material with calculation of the percentage signal increase improved the detection by 7 %.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The sensitivity of the visual detection of diffuse multiple myeloma with unenhanced MRI is limited for low-grade or moderate infiltration, whereas the sensitivity for high grade infiltration is reliable. The specificity is high and the diagnostic confidence improves after application of contrast material with calculation of the percentage increase in signal intensity.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Klinische Radiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. Gerwin.Schmidt@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baur
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stäbler
authors.forename: S O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Schoenberg
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Steinborn
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Baltin
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Reiser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D019046:Bone Marrow Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000473:pathology*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013125:Spinal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA