title: Evaluation of PCDD/Fs patterns emitted from incinerator via direct ambient sampling and indirect serum levels assessment of Taiwanese.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the PCDD/Fs patterns in ambient air based on data information emitted from incinerator generated from ambient air measurements and those in serum. Four circular zones, namely A, B, C, and D, were identified based on simulated ambient annual average PCDD/Fs concentrations, from a selected municipal waste incinerator. Sixteen ambient samples were taken from the 4 circular zones across 4-seasons. Eighty-nine volunteers were recruited according to the demographic distribution within each zone. PCDD/Fs profiles were documented both for air and serum samples collected. Comparing to the congener patterns from ambient air and serum samples, we found that OCDD, OCDF, 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDD, and 1,2,3,4,6,7,8-HpCDF were the predominant groups among 17 congeners from both the ambient air and serum sample. And, factor analysis showed the distribution patterns of PCDD/Fs from ambient air and serum samples are almost identical across different zones, except for congener patterns of serum samples from residents in zone C. In addition, the average PCDD/Fs level significantly reduced for about 10 folds than those of the other three seasons when the incinerator was shut down in one of sampling periods. We might conclude that ambient air exposure was the most important contributor to PCDD/Fs levels in ambient air but not the single in serum. Therefore, another or more powerful source, such as occupational exposure, dietary intake or the consumption of local food, should be further investigated at the same time.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, National Cheng Kung University, College of Medicine, 138 Shen-Li Road, Tainan 704, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Ching C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hsiu L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Huey J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Yue L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Pao C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Liao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000032:analysis*; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry*; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012037:Refuse Disposal; D012621:Seasons; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D001572:Benzofurans; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D011108:Polymers; C016068:polychlorodibenzofuran