title: Tacrolimus ointment is more effective than pimecrolimus cream with a similar safety profile in the treatment of atopic dermatitis: results from 3 randomized, comparative studies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy and safety of tacrolimus ointment and pimecrolimus cream in adult and pediatric patients with mild to very severe atopic dermatitis (AD).
  
  
  METHODS
  One thousand and sixty-five patients were randomized to treatment in 3 multicenter, randomized, investigator-blinded, 6-week studies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on the Eczema Area Severity Index (EASI), tacrolimus ointment was more effective than pimecrolimus cream at the end of the study in adults (54.1% vs. 34.9%, respectively; P < .0001), in children with moderate/severe disease (67.2% vs. 56.4%, respectively; P = .04), in the combined analysis (52.8% vs. 39.1%, respectively; P < .0001), and at week 1 in children with mild disease (39.2% vs. 31.2%, respectively; P = .04). Tacrolimus was also more effective than pimecrolimus based on the Investigator Global AD Assessment (IGADA), improvement in percentage of total body surface area affected, and improvement in itch scores (P < or = .05), with a faster onset of action. There was no significant difference in the incidence of adverse events (AEs), including application site reactions in the 2 studies involving 650 children. Adults treated with tacrolimus experienced a greater number of local application site reactions on day 1; both groups reported a similar incidence of application site reactions thereafter. More pimecrolimus-treated patients than tacrolimus-treated patients withdrew from the studies because of a lack of efficacy (P < or = .03) or adverse events (P = .002; pediatric mild).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tacrolimus ointment is more effective and has a faster onset of action than pimecrolimus cream in adults and children with AD; their safety profiles are similar.
authors.affiliation: Northwestern University Medical School/Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois 60611-2923, USA. apaller@northwestern.edu
authors.forename: Amy S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Paller
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lebwohl
authors.forename: Alan B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Fleischer
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Antaya
authors.forename: Richard G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Langley
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Kirsner
authors.forename: Robin R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Blum
authors.forename: M Joyce
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Rico
authors.forename: Eileen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jaracz
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Crowe
authors.forename: Gregory J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Linowski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009824:Ointments; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D009824:Ointments; C117268:pimecrolimus; D016559:Tacrolimus