title: Epithelial cell turnover in relation to ongoing damage of the gastric mucosa in patients with early gastric cancer: increase of cell proliferation in paramalignant lesions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gastric cancer is typically an end result of Helicobacter pylori-associated chronic gastritis. The pathogenesis is thought to involve effects on gastric mucosal epithelial cell turnover. In this study, we aimed to compare apoptosis and proliferation in the noncancer-containing mucosa of H. pylori-positive patients with early gastric cancer with these phenomena in H. pylori-positive controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two specimens each were obtained from the greater and lesser curvatures of the corpus and from the greater curvature of the antrum. The histopathological grading used was the updated Sydney System. Apoptotic epithelial cells were detected using the terminal deoxy nucleotidyl transferase-mediated deoxy-uridine triphosphate (dUTP) biotin nick-end labeling (TUNEL) method. The expression of Ki 67 was evaluated by immunostaining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-five H. pylori-positive patients with endoscopic mucosal resection for early gastric cancer and 52 H. pylori-positive controls were studied. Gastric cancer was associated with a higher frequency of incomplete intestinal metaplasia (IM; odds ratio [OR], 19.1; 95% confidence interval [CI], 6.9-53.2; P < 0.001). The apoptotic index (AI) in the greater curvature of the corpus and the proliferation index (PI) in each part were significantly higher in cancer patients than in the control group. The median PI in the antrum was significantly higher in the incomplete IM group than that in the complete IM group (17.6 vs 12.6; P = 0.009). The PI and the AI in the greater curvature of the corpus correlated with the activity score, and the PI correlated with the IM score.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the cancer patients, H. pylori-induced gastritis was associated with increased cell proliferation and apoptosis compared with mucosal findings in the controls. IM seems to be one of the most important factors affecting cell proliferation and may be one of the components of carcinogenesis that results in proliferation-dominant cell kinetics.
authors.affiliation: Health Administration Center, Wakayama University, 930 Sakaedani, Wakayama 640-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shiotani
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iishi
authors.forename: Shingo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishiguro
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tatsuta
authors.forename: Yukinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakae
authors.forename: Juanita L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Merchant
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000473:pathology*; D005773:Gastroscopy; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D008297:Male; D008679:Metaplasia / Q000473:pathology; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial