title: 14-3-3sigma expression is an independent prognostic parameter for poor survival in colorectal carcinoma patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  14-3-3sigma is an intracellular, dimeric, phosphoserine binding protein that is expressed in epithelial cells and involved in cancer development. In this study, we examined the expression of 14-3-3sigma and evaluated its clinical significance in colorectal carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Expression of 14-3-3sigma was analyzed by Western blot in nine colorectal carcinoma cell lines, eight paired colorectal carcinoma tissues, and normal mucosas. Immunohistochemistry was used to evaluate expression of 14-3-3sigma in tissues of 121 colorectal carcinoma patients and to correlate it with clinical parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Western blot analysis of colorectal carcinoma cell lines and tissues revealed strong 14-3-3sigma expression in four of eight cell lines and 14-3-3sigma overexpression in carcinomas compared with normal mucosa in six of eight colorectal carcinoma tissue pairs. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed 14-3-3sigma overexpression in 38.8% of colorectal carcinoma samples. Furthermore, highly positive immunoreactivity was significantly correlated with tumor differentiation (P < 0.001) and pT stage (P < 0.003). In Kaplan-Meier analysis, 14-3-3sigma overexpression was associated with a significantly decreased survival time compared with negatively stained or low stained cases (P < 0.0096). In multivariate regression analysis, 14-3-3sigma expression emerged as a significant independent parameter (P < 0.037).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results provide evidence that 14-3-3sigma expression increases during carcinoma progression in a subset of colorectal carcinoma. The overexpression of this antigen identifies patients at high risk. It is tempting to suggest that 14-3-3sigma overexpression either promotes tumor proliferation and/or prevents apoptotic signal transduction in colorectal carcinoma. Thus, targeting 14-3-3sigma might be a new therapeutic strategy in colorectal carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perathoner
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pirkebner
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brandacher
authors.forename: Gilbert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spizzo
authors.forename: Sylvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stadlmann
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Obrist
authors.forename: Raimund
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Margreiter
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amberger
mesh_terms: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D019073:HT29 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D048948:14-3-3 Proteins