title: The effect of botulinum toxin type A treatment of the lower extremity on the level of functional abilities in children with cerebral palsy: evaluation with goal attainment scaling.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure the effect of botulinum toxin type A (BTX-A) treatment in children with cerebral palsy with regard to individual goals concerning functional abilities, using goal attainment scaling.
  
  
  METHODS
  A single-blind randomized multiple baseline/treatment phase design across subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  The paediatric department of a rehabilitation centre.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven children with cerebral palsy participated.
  
  
  METHODS
  BTX-A treatment of the lower extremity.
  
  
  METHODS
  A six-point goal attainment scaling of three individual treatment goals at the level of functional abilities. Standardized video-tapes of each goal were recorded weekly for a period of 14 weeks. Rating on the predetermined goal attainment scaling was blinded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine of the 11 subjects showed significant improvement in 18 out of 33 goals. Seven subjects showed clinically relevant improvement (at least 2 points on the goal attainment scaling) in 11 goals. Testing the difference between all medians of baseline measurements (after correction for improvement during baseline) and the medians of the treatment phase measurements for all goal attainment scaling scores (n = 33) resulted in significant improvement (p < 0.001). Tested at subject level (medians of the three goal attainment scaling scores per assessment, n = 11), a significant improvement was also found (p = 0.005). The change in goal attainment scaling score was related to the moment of treatment with BTX-A.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinically relevant improvement in individual rehabilitation goals at ability level, achieved with the treatment of BTX-A in children with cerebral palsy, were demonstrated using the goal attainment scaling method.
authors.affiliation: Rehabilitation Centre Breda, The Netherlands. d.steenbeek@rcbreda.nl
authors.forename: Duco
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Steenbeek
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Meester-Delver
authors.forename: Jules G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Becher
authors.forename: Gustaaf J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Lankhorst
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D035002:Lower Extremity; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A