title: Effect of fixed-dose ACE-inhibitor/calcium channel blocker combination therapy vs. ACE-inhibitor monotherapy on arterial compliance in hypertensive patients with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: Assessment of vascular compliance may be a useful measurement of the clinical effects of antihypertensive treatment. Both angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors and calcium channel blockers are known to improve vascular elasticity. A study was performed to test the hypothesis that combined therapy with an ACE inhibitor and a calcium channel blocker would have additive benefits on vascular compliance at similar levels of blood pressure (BP), as compared with monotherapy with an ACE inhibitor. This 12-week, double-blind study was a substudy of a larger clinical hypertension study conducted in patients with hypertension and type 2 diabetes. Subjects (N = 20) were randomized to either a fixed-dose combination of amlodipine besylate/benazepril HCl or to enalapril monotherapy. BP, heart rate, large- and small-vessel compliance, systemic vascular resistance, and urinary microalbumin excretion were assessed at baseline and after treatment. Both treatments were similarly effective in lowering BP, reducing systemic vascular resistance, and decreasing urinary microalbumin excretion. Improvement in large-vessel compliance was significantly greater among subjects who received ACE-inhibitor/calcium channel blocker combination therapy (52%) as compared with those who received ACE-inhibitor monotherapy (32%; p < 0.05). No significant change in small-vessel compliance was observed with either treatment. Greater improvement in large-vessel compliance with combination therapy was independent of BP lowering.
authors.affiliation: SUNY Downstate Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA. nathaniel.winer@downstate.edu
authors.forename: Nathaniel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Winer
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Folker
authors.forename: Julie A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Murphy
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: Mara
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bard
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Perkelvald
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Sowers
authors.forename: George L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Bakris
mesh_terms: D000419:Albuminuria / Q000652:urine; D017311:Amlodipine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004656:Enalapril / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009318:Natriuresis; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001552:Benzazepines; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D017311:Amlodipine; D004656:Enalapril; C044946:benazepril