title: Prospective analysis of stoma-related complications.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Stoma-related complication rates vary between 10% and 70%, possibly because of varying lengths of follow-up. It is thought that most of the complications improve with time. Furthermore, little is known about the commonly neglected but potentially quite distressing complications such as leakage, soiling and night-time emptying. The aim of this audit was to examine prospectively whether there was any difference in the complication rates at different time-points during the postoperative follow up period.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study on 408 consecutive patients with either colostomy or ileostomy was conducted over a period of at least 2 years. Both emergency and elective procedures were included. Stoma related complications were analysed at 10 days, 3 months, 6 months, 1 year and 2 years postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both elective and emergency stomas had similar complication rates. The percentage of patients who had stenosis (1-2%), retraction (8-22%), prolapse (1-3%) or odour (6-9%) did not significantly change with time. The complication rates for skin excoriation, leakage, soiling or night-time emptying were higher amongst the ileostomy patients, and these rates did not improve with time. The proportion of patients who had parastomal hernias increased with time (from 0 to 40% in the colostomy and 0 to 22% in the ileostomy group). Daytime leakage, night-time leakage, soiling and night-time emptying were more problematic in the ileostomy group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proportion of patients who had postoperative stoma-related complications did not improve with time, but the rate of parastomal hernias in both groups and night-time emptying in the ileostomy group was worse with time. Ileostomy patients had a higher incidence of skin excoriation, leakage, soiling, and night-time emptying, and they should receive additional support.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Monklands Hospital, Airdrie, UK.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hughes
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Spiers
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Donnelly
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mackenzie
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Macdonald
mesh_terms: D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D003125:Colostomy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007081:Ileostomy; D015994:Incidence; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D054047:Surgical Stomas / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013997:Time Factors