title: Suboptimal physician adherence to quality indicators for the management of gout and asymptomatic hyperuricaemia: results from the UK General Practice Research Database (GPRD).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  : To examine adherence to validated quality indicators assessing the quality of allopurinol use in the treatment of gout and asymptomatic hyperuricaemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  We determined physician adherence in the UK General Practice Research Database (GPRD) to three validated quality indicators developed to assess the quality of allopurinol prescribing practices. These indicators were developed to assess: (i) dosing in renal impairment; (ii) concomitant use with azathioprine or 6-mercaptopurine; and (iii) use in the treatment of asymptomatic hyperuricaemia. We also examined the association of patient-level factors (sociodemographics, comorbidity, follow-up duration and concomitant medicine use) with the treatment of asymptomatic hyperuricaemia using multivariable logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 63 105 gout patients, 185 (0.3%) were eligible for Quality Indicator 1 and 52 (0.1%) were eligible for Quality Indicator 2. There were an additional 471 patients with asymptomatic hyperuricaemia eligible for Quality Indicator 3. Rates of practice deviation for the three individual quality indicators ranged from 25 to 57%. Male sex, older age, a history of chronic renal failure, and a greater number of concomitant medications were significantly associated with increased odds of inappropriate treatment for asymptomatic hyperuricaemia. Hypertension and diuretic use were associated with lower odds of this practice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  One-quarter to one-half of all patients eligible for at least one of the validated quality of care indicators were subject to possible allopurinol prescribing error, suggesting that inappropriate prescribing practices are widespread with this agent. Future interventions aimed at reducing inappropriate allopurinol use are needed and should be targeted towards high-risk groups, including older men and those receiving multiple concomitant medications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, 510 20th Street South, FOT 8th Floor, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Mikuls
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Farrar
authors.forename: W B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Bilker
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: K G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Saag
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000493:Allopurinol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019992:Databases as Topic; D011307:Drug Prescriptions / Q000592:standards; D005194:Family Practice / Q000592:standards*; D005260:Female; D006073:Gout / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006074:Gout Suppressants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019983:Guideline Adherence; D006801:Humans; D033461:Hyperuricemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008508:Medication Errors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D019338:Polypharmacy; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians' / Q000592:standards; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D006074:Gout Suppressants; D000493:Allopurinol