title: Identification and structural determination of the M(3) muscarinic acetylcholine receptor basolateral sorting signal.
abstract: Muscarinic acetylcholine receptors comprise a family of G-protein-coupled receptors that display differential localization in polarized epithelial cells. We identify a seven-residue sequence, Ala(275)-Val(281), in the third intracellular loop of the M(3) muscarinic receptor that mediates dominant, position-independent basolateral targeting in Madin-Darby canine kidney cells. Mutational analyses identify Glu(276), Phe(280), and Val(281) as critical residues within this sorting motif. Phe(280) and Val(281) comprise a novel dihydrophobic sorting signal as mutations of either residue singly or together with leucine do not disrupt basolateral targeting. Conversely, Glu(276) is required and cannot be substituted with alanine or aspartic acid. A 19-amino acid peptide representing the M(3) sorting signal and surrounding sequence was analyzed via two-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Solution structures show that Glu(276) resides in a type IV beta-turn and the dihydrophobic sequence Phe(280)Val(281) adopts either a type I or IV beta-turn.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington 98195, USA.
authors.forename: Heidi A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Iverson
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: Laurie S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Nadler
authors.forename: Rachel E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Klevit
authors.forename: Neil M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Nathanson
mesh_terms: D000409:Alanine / Q000737:chemistry; D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000818:Animals; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D001703:Biophysics / Q000379:methods; D002460:Cell Line; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D004285:Dogs; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008958:Models, Molecular; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry; D010649:Phenylalanine / Q000737:chemistry; D010957:Plasmids / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding; D011487:Protein Conformation; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D043587:Receptor, Muscarinic M3 / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013696:Temperature; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D010455:Peptides; D043587:Receptor, Muscarinic M3; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D010649:Phenylalanine; D000409:Alanine