title: Spiritual needs in cancer patients and spiritual care based on logotherapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The suitability of Frankl's logotherapy for the spiritual care (psychotherapy) of cancer patients in Japan is suggested. Using Functional Assessment of Chronic Illness Therapy-Spiritual (FACIT-Sp, Japanese version), the Purpose in Life test (PIL test, Japanese version), and WHO-Subjective Inventory (WHO-SUBI, Japanese version), we attempted to elucidate the complicated structure of spirituality in cancer patients in order to identify possible approaches to their spiritual care and means of evaluating such care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and ninety-eight cancer patients participated in the study. All three tests were taken at the same time, and the results were evaluated by principal component analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was demonstrated that all the subscales employed in the present study could be represented by a two-dimensional structure (two principal components), and that the FACIT-Sp and PIL tests have similar contents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FACIT-Sp (Japanese version) is very similar in conception to the PIL test, which was prepared in accordance with logotherapy. The results suggest that this test can serve as an adequate evaluation scale for measuring the effectiveness of spiritual care based on Frankl's logotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Section of Liaison Psychiatry and Palliative Medicine, Graduate School of Tokyo Medical and Dental University, 1-5-45 Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8519, Japan. watarunoguchi@yahoo.co.jp
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Noguchi
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: Okihiko
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Aihara
authors.forename: Hirohiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsujii
authors.forename: Kojiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimozuma
authors.forename: Eisuke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Matsushima
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001294:Attitude to Health; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D012107:Research Design; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D026443:Spiritual Therapies; D029181:Spirituality