title: High genetic diversity of ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible isolates of Streptococcus pneumoniae in Poland.
abstract: We have analyzed the susceptibility to ciprofloxacin of 697 pneumococcal isolates collected in 1998-2002 in Poland from patients with respiratory tract diseases. Thirty-one ciprofloxacin-nonsusceptible isolates (MICs, > or =4 microg/ml) were identified, of which two were resistant to levofloxacin (MIC, 8 microg/ml). Serotyping, pulsed-field gel electrophoresis, multilocus sequence typing, and the analysis of resistance determinants showed their great genetic diversity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Microbiology, National Institute of Public Health, ul. Chełmska 30/34, 00-725 Warsaw, Poland. ewasadowy@cls.edu.pl
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sadowy
authors.forename: Radosław
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Izdebski
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Skoczyńska
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gniadkowski
authors.forename: Waleria
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hryniewicz
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D006801:Humans; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D011044:Poland; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D002939:Ciprofloxacin