title: Noncultured cell transplantation in an ovine model of right ventricular preparation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Beyond the first 2 months of life, pulmonary artery banding is warranted before two-stage arterial switch operation. The aim of this study was to explore whether myogenic cell transplantation could contribute to right ventricular function during pulmonary artery constriction in an ovine model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen rams were assigned to one of the following groups: group 1, simple pulmonary artery banding (n = 5); group 2, pulmonary artery banding and cell implantation in the right ventricle (n = 7); and group 3, pulmonary artery banding and placebo injection in the right ventricle (n = 4). Hemodynamic assessment with pressure-volume loops was performed on days 0 and 60. The pulmonary artery banding and the injections were achieved through a left fourth intercostal thoracotomy. Autologous myogenic cell implantation was carried out with a noncultured cell preparation, as previously described by our group. Implanted sites were processed with monoclonal antibodies to a fast skeletal-specific isoform of myosin heavy chain (MY32).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Skeletal myosin heavy chain expression was detected at 2 months after noncultured cell implantation in all grafted animals. Right ventricular training resulted in statistically significant increased signs of contractility in all three groups. There was no observed difference, however, between the cell therapy group and the other two groups with respect to signs of cardiac function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Successful engraftment of noncultured cells into right ventricular myocardium did not translate into a functional benefit that we could demonstrate in our ovine model. Cellular therapy thus is probably not useful to strengthen a left ventricle being retrained through pulmonary artery banding before arterial switch operation. However, cell transplantation may affect the outcome of right ventricular failure long term after atrial switch operation. Although preliminary, this investigation paves the way for further research into cellular cardiomyoplasty, right ventricular failure, and congenital heart disease.
authors.affiliation: IMM Recherche, Center for Experimentation and Applied Research, 42 boulevard Jourdan, 75014 Paris, France. nicolas.borenstein@imm.fr
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Borenstein
authors.forename: Zhou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jian
authors.forename: Gaelle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fromont
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bruneval
authors.forename: Mehrak
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hekmati
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Behr
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Laborde
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Montarras
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Le Bret
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001706:Biopsy; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D002302:Cardiac Output; D002470:Cell Survival; D017690:Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003250:Constriction; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006352:Heart Ventricles; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D009206:Myocardium; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000601:surgery*; D011669:Pulmonary Wedge Pressure; D011897:Random Allocation; D032496:Satellite Cells, Skeletal Muscle / Q000637:transplantation*; D012756:Sheep; D013318:Stroke Volume; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous; D014188:Transposition of Great Vessels / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016278:Ventricular Function, Right