title: Mechanisms of combined treatment with celiprolol and candesartan for ventricular remodeling in experimental heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Both beta-adrenergic blockers and angiotensin-II receptor blockers were reported to improve the prognosis of patients with heart failure, but the efficacy of combination therapy with these agents has not been fully elucidated. Also the efficacy of celiprolol, a beta1-selective adrenoceptor antagonist with partial beta2-agonist properties, for heart failure treatment is still controversial. We examined the cardioprotective effects and mechanisms of the therapy with celiprolol or candesartan, an angiotensin-II receptor blockers and their combination in heart failure induced by isoproterenol (ISO).
  
  
  RESULTS
  ISO 300 mg/kg was injected in rats to produce heart failure. Two months after the injection, the ISO-injected rats were divided into 4 groups (8 rats each) and treated for 4 weeks as follows: (a) vehicle; (b) celiprolol 10 mg/kg per day (BB); (c) candesartan 0.2 mg/kg per day (ARB); and (d) their combination BB+ARB. ISO significantly elevated left ventricular (LV) end-diastolic pressure, decreased peak-negative dP/dt and LV ejection fraction. BB and ARB similarly ameliorated cardiac dysfunction due to ISO, but BB+ARB were more potent than the individual therapies. Separately, ARB preserved the histological structure in LV myocardium. In contrast, BB ameliorated calcium handling, as shown by the increased ratio of SERCA2 to phospholamban protein, despite having little effect on the histology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both celiprolol and candesartan showed cardioprotective effects in this heart failure model. The potential use of the combination treatment in heart failure might result in a synergistic effect through the different cardioprotective mechanisms of celiprolol and candesartan.
authors.affiliation: Third Department of Medicine, Osaka Medical College, Japan. tatmori@yahoo.co.jp
authors.forename: Tatsuhiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sohmiya
authors.forename: Nobuaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Okuda
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimomura
authors.forename: Mamoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohkita
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshiyama
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitaura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017272:Celiprolol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D020257:Ventricular Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D013777:Tetrazoles; D017272:Celiprolol; C077793:candesartan cilexetil