title: Ninety-five percent insulin independence rate 3 years after pancreas transplantation alone with portal-enteric drainage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Portal-enteric drainage (PED) might be particularly suitable for pancreas transplantation alone (PTA), since it has been associated with an immunologic advantage and achieves excellent metabolic results. We describe our experience with a consecutive series of 40 PTAs with PED.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between April 2001 and March 2004, 40 consecutive PTAs were performed with PED. Recipients were selected according to the American Diabetic Association recommendations. Donors were selected according to standard criteria irrespective of HLA match, although matching for A and B loci was considered at the time of graft allocation. Immunosuppression consisted of induction treatment with basiliximab (n = 34) or thymoglobulin (n = 6), and maintenance therapy with steroids, mycophenolate mofetil, and tacrolimus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After a mean cold ischemia time of 690 minutes (range, 517-965 min) all pancreases functioned immediately. Three grafts were lost due to hyperacute or accelerated rejection. No graft was lost to vascular thrombosis, although 5 (12.5%) nonocclusive thromboses were identified and the grafts were rescued with intravenous heparin infusion. A repeat laparotomy was required in 7 recipients (17.5%) No patient required multiple repeat laparotomies, and none died. After a mean follow-up of 16.4 months (range, 1-36 mo), 2 recipients were diagnosed with rejection episodes, which were reversed with steroid boluses. Actuarial 3-year patient, and graft survival rates were 100% and 94.9%, respectively. The following parameters showed significant improvement compared with pretransplantation evaluation: hemoglobin A1C concentration, total and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, arterial blood pressure, cardiac performance, retinopathy, proteinuria, and neuropathy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pancreas transplantation alone with PED provides high rates of long-term insulin-independence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Transplantation, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Boggi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mosca
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vistoli
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Signori
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Del Chiaro
authors.forename: T Vanadia
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Bartolo
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Amorese
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coppelli
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marchetti
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mariotti
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rondinini
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Del Prato
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rizzo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000453:epidemiology; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000453:epidemiology; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000453:epidemiology; D004322:Drainage / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D016035:Pancreas Transplantation / Q000379:methods* / Q000502:physiology; D018579:Patient Selection; D011168:Portal System; D014019:Tissue Donors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin