title: Radiation-induced adaptive responses and bystander effects.
abstract: A classical paradigm [correction of paradym] of radiation biology asserts that all radiation effects on cells, tissues and organisms are due to the direct action of radiation. However, there has been a recent growth of interest in the indirect actions of radiation including the radiation-induced adaptive response, the bystander effect, low-dose hypersensitivity, and genomic instability, which are specific modes of stress exhibited in response to low-dose/low-dose rate radiation. This review focuses on the radiation-induced bystander effect and the adaptive response, provides a description of the two phenomena, and discusses the contribution of the former to the latter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Radiology and Health Physics, Faculty of Medical Science, University of Fukui, Matsuoka, Fukui, Japan. hidekim@fmsrsa.fukui-med.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Akihisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D024201:Bystander Effect; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000528:radiation effects; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018499:Linear Energy Transfer; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011836:Radiation Tolerance; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange / Q000528:radiation effects; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53
chemical_list: D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase