title: Rigid external distraction using skeletal anchorage to cleft maxilla united with alveolar bone grafting.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Documentation of the application of maxillary distraction osteogenesis using rigid external distraction (RED) with skeletal anchorage combined with predistraction alveolar bone grafting (ABG) in cleft maxilla.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report.
  
  
  METHODS
  A patient with numerous congenital missing teeth and severe maxillary deficiency related to complete bilateral cleft lip and palate with large alveolar bone defect.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patient received preoperative orthodontic treatment, predistraction ABG, and maxillary distraction osteogenesis using RED with skeletal anchorage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Predistraction ABG completely united the cleft maxilla. The united maxilla was successfully advanced by the RED system with skeletal anchorage, despite unsound dentition with numerous congenital missing teeth.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study demonstrates that the combination of predistraction ABG and RED system with skeletal anchorage is effective for the treatment of severe maxillary deficiency related to complete bilateral cleft lip and palate with large bone defect and numerous congenital missing teeth.
authors.affiliation: Health Administration Center, Tohoku University, Sendai, Japan. h-kita@mail.tains.tohoku.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hiroki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kita
authors.forename: Shoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kochi
authors.forename: Yoshimichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Tai
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000848:Anodontia / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D002508:Cephalometry; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000150:complications; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000150:complications; D015921:Dental Implants; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007569:Jaw Abnormalities / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D008437:Maxilla / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery*; D017090:Occlusal Splints; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D063173:Retrognathia / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants