title: Management of diuretic-refractory, volume-overloaded patients with acutely decompensated heart failure.
abstract: Fluid overload is a common presentation for decompensated heart failure, yet management strategies are poorly defined because of relatively few randomized clinical trials that delineate an optimal strategy. Patients refractory to diuretic therapy may be considered for treatment with inotropes or vasodilators, and others may be considered for venovenous ultrafiltration. The rationale for use of each therapy is reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Scholars Program, Division of Cardiology, 1st Floor Cohen, North Shore University Hospital, 300 Community Drive, Manhasset, NY 11030, USA. jonathansb@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Jonathan D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Sackner-Bernstein
mesh_terms: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004232:Diuretics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004280:Dobutamine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006440:Hemofiltration; D006801:Humans; D010346:Patient Care Management; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D004232:Diuretics; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D004280:Dobutamine