HIV vaccine rationale, design and testing.
A central obstacle to the design of a global HIV vaccine is viral diversity. Antigenic differences in envelope proteins result in distinct HIV serotypes, operationally defined such that antibodies raised against envelope molecules from one serotype will not bind envelope molecules from a different serotype. The existence of serotypes has presented a similar challenge to vaccine development against other pathogens. In such cases, antigenic diversity has been addressed by vaccine design. For example, the poliovirus vaccine includes three serotypes of poliovirus, and Pneumovax presents a cocktail of 23 pneumococcal variants to the immune system. It is likely that a successful vaccine for HIV must also comprise a cocktail of antigens. Here, data relevant to the development of cocktail vaccines, designed to harness diverse, envelope-specific B-cell and T-cell responses, are reviewed.
Slobod
Karen S
KS
Department of Infectious Diseases, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, 332 N. Lauderdale, Memphis, TN 38105, USA.
Coleclough
Chris
C
Bonsignori
Mattia
M
Brown
Scott A
SA
Zhan
Xiaoyan
X
Surman
Sherri
S
Zirkel
Amy
A
Jones
Bart G
BG
Sealy
Robert E
RE
Stambas
John
J
Brown
Brita
B
Lockey
Timothy D
TD
Freiden
Pamela J
PJ
Doherty
Peter C
PC
Blanchard
James L
JL
Martin
Louis N
LN
Hurwitz
Julia L
JL
D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D000940:Antigenic Variation / Q000235:genetics; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003429:Cross Reactions; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000235:genetics; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins