title: Interleukin-1 levels in gingival crevicular fluid adjacent to restorations of calcium aluminate cement and resin composite.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this clinical study was to intra-individually compare Class V restorations of a calcium aluminate cement (CAC), resin composite and enamel with respect to the adjacent levels of interleukin (IL)-1alpha, IL-1beta and IL-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra) in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF). The hypothesis was that there are higher IL-1 levels adjacent to resin composite, compared with CAC and enamel.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 15 subjects, at least one set of two Class V restorations with subgingival margins, one CAC and one universal hybrid resin composite, and one control surface of enamel were included. In a cross-sectional study and on days 0, 3 and 7 of an experimental gingivitis study, GCFs were collected with Periopaper for 30 s. The GCF concentrations of IL-1alpha, IL-1beta and IL-1ra were quantified with enzyme linked immunosorbent assays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neither the cross-sectional study nor the experimental gingivitis study showed any significant differences in the levels of IL-1alpha, IL-1beta and IL-1ra between CAC, resin composite and enamel sites (p>0.05). In the cross-sectional study, low IL-1 concentrations were observed. The IL-1 levels increased significantly during the experimental gingivitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Regardless of CAC or resin composite, the restorations per se did not affect the GCF levels of IL-1 and IL-1ra, neither at healthy gingiva, nor at initiation of plaque-related gingival inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Hygienist Education, Umeå University, Umeå, Sweden. katarina.konradsson@odont.umu.se
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Konradsson
authors.forename: Jan W V
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: van Dijken
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000009:adverse effects; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003738:Dental Cements; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005881:Gingiva / Q000187:drug effects; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry*; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D019237:Tooth Cervix
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D003188:Composite Resins; D003738:Dental Cements; C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; C035219:calcium aluminate