title: Updated recommendations on ultrasonography in urogynecology.
abstract: Ultrasound is a supplementary, indispensable diagnostic procedure in urogynecology; perineal, introital, and endoanal ultrasound are the most recommended techniques. The position and mobility of the bladder neck can be demonstrated. In patients undergoing diagnostic work-up for urge symptoms, ultrasound occasionally demonstrates urethral diverticula, leiomyomas, and cysts in the vaginal wall. These findings will lead to further diagnostic assessment. The same applies to the demonstration of bladder diverticula, foreign bodies in the bladder, and bullous edema. With endoanal ultrasound, different parts of the sphincter ani muscle can be evaluated. Recommendations for the standardized use of urogenital ultrasound are given.
authors.affiliation: Association of Urogynecology and Pelvic Floor Repair, Germany.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tunn
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schaer
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Peschers
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bader
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gauruder
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hanzal
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koelbl
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Koelle
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Perucchini
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Petri
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Riss
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schuessler
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Viereck
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005831:Genital Diseases, Female / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014566:Urogenital System / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014596:Uterine Prolapse / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*