title: What is new related to Helicobacter pylori infection in children and teenagers?
abstract: Helicobacter pylori infection is a common bacterial infection for humans, and the organism is the most prevalent gastric microbial pathogen. However, the major route of transmission remains poorly understood. The outcome of chronic H pylori infection varies from asymptomatic gastritis to peptic ulceration and gastric malignancies. Recently, H pylori has been associated with the development of extradigestive disorders, including refractory iron-deficiency (sideropenic) anemia and chronic autoimmune thrombocytopenic purpura. Virulence factors of H pylori and host genetic factors are both considered important determinants of disease outcome. Multiple tests, including novel noninvasive approaches, are available for establishing the presence of H pylori infection, but there is still little consensus about which study should be performed and in what clinical setting. Eradicating H pylori uses combination therapy, including a proton pump inhibitor and 2 antibiotics taken twice daily for 7 to 14 days. Antibiotic resistance is a growing and serious problem that interferes with the success of eradication therapy. Testing and eradication therapy for H pylori are currently recommended only for the subset of infected persons in whom the disease sequelae are proven or highly suspected.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children, Department of Paediatrics, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Seiichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Philip M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Sherman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D005756:Gastritis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors