title: Time-dependent effect of kainate-induced seizures on glutamate receptor GluR5, GluR6, and GluR7 mRNA and Protein Expression in rat hippocampus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Glutamate receptor 6 is strongly implicated in human refractory epilepsy and in kainic acid (KA)-induced status epilepticus (SE). In vitro pharmacologic studies with newer antiepileptic drugs (AEDs) are increasingly indicating the role of glutamate receptor 5 (GluR5) in epilepsy. Glutamate receptor 7 (GluR7) has been the least investigated in the context of epilepsy. We studied the messenger ribonucleic acid (mRNA) and protein expression of GluR5, GluR6, and GluR7 in rat hippocampus 72 h, 90 days, and 180 days after KA-induced SE.
  
  
  METHODS
  SE was induced by injecting KA intraperitoneally (i.p.) into adult rats. The hippocampi were isolated 72 h, 90 days, and 180 days after SE. Reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) was performed for mRNA expression. Western blots determined the protein expression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant increase was noted in GluR5 expression in KA-treated animals compared with controls at 72 h and 180 days, with no significant difference at the intervening 90-day point. Protein levels for GluR5 increased at 72 h and remained elevated until 180 days. GluR7 mRNA showed a significant decrease at 90 days after seizures. Neither the mRNA expression nor the protein levels of GluR6 differed from controls at any of the times after SE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  KA-induced SE leads to an upregulation of GluR5 mRNA and protein and a downregulation of GluR7 mRNA in rat hippocampus, with no change in GluR6 mRNA or protein expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Gautam
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ullal
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fahnestock
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Racine
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007608:Kainic Acid / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018092:Kainic Acid Receptors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D000097806:GluK2 Kainate Receptor; D000097808:GluK3 Kainate Receptor
chemical_list: D007608:Kainic Acid; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; D018092:Kainic Acid Receptors; D000097806:GluK2 Kainate Receptor; D000097808:GluK3 Kainate Receptor