title: Hospitalization after open colectomy: expectations and practice in general surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is increasing pressure to reduce the length of stay (LOS) in hospital after colectomy. To assess the impact of unintended variations on LOS, actual discharge management was compared with the expectations expressed by general surgeons.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively examined 262 patients who underwent elective open colectomy. The effects of patient demographics, surgical variables, and functional recovery on postoperative LOS were assessed in univariate and multivariate models. We also used a structured questionnaire to assess the expectations of surgeons regarding criteria affecting patient discharge.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median LOS was 11 days, which was univariately correlated with morbidity, bowel movement, oral feeding, mobilization, surgeon, rectal procedures, comorbidity, type of analgesia, blood transfusion, and colorectal cancer. According to the multivariate analysis, morbidity (P < 0.001), colorectal cancer (P = 0.026), rectal procedure (P = 0.037), and analgesia (P = 0.04) were correlated with LOS. The surgeons we interviewed believed that discharge should be based on the return of bowel movement and the absence of morbidity. By discharging our patients on postoperative day 5 or 6, these criteria would have been respected in 84% and 88%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prolonged hospitalization after colectomy persists when critical pathways are not observed and there is a lack of institutional pressure to reduce to the LOS. Many factors affect the delay in patient discharge, possibly reflecting unwanted variation rather than the surgeons' expectations.
authors.affiliation: Cattedra di Chirurgia Generale, University of Brescia, Via Valsabbina 19, 25100, Brescia, Italy.
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nascimbeni
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cadoni
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Fabio
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Casella
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Salerni
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003082:Colectomy / Q000379:methods*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D004240:Diverticulum / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome