title: Identification of genes needed for regeneration, stem cell function, and tissue homeostasis by systematic gene perturbation in planaria.
abstract: Planarians have been a classic model system for the study of regeneration, tissue homeostasis, and stem cell biology for over a century, but they have not historically been accessible to extensive genetic manipulation. Here we utilize RNA-mediated genetic interference (RNAi) to introduce large-scale gene inhibition studies to the classic planarian system. 1065 genes were screened. Phenotypes associated with the RNAi of 240 genes identify many specific defects in the process of regeneration and define the major categories of defects planarians display following gene perturbations. We assessed the effects of inhibiting genes with RNAi on tissue homeostasis in intact animals and stem cell (neoblast) proliferation in amputated animals identifying candidate stem cell, regeneration, and homeostasis regulators. Our study demonstrates the great potential of RNAi for the systematic exploration of gene function in understudied organisms and establishes planarians as a powerful model for the molecular genetic study of stem cells, regeneration, and tissue homeostasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurobiology and Anatomy, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, 84132, USA.
authors.forename: Peter W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Reddien
authors.forename: Adam L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Bermange
authors.forename: Kenneth J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Murfitt
authors.forename: Joya R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Jennings
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sánchez Alvarado
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019521:Body Patterning / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D018509:DNA, Helminth / Q000235:genetics; D017238:Genes, Helminth; D005820:Genetic Testing; D006706:Homeostasis; D010641:Phenotype; D010932:Planarians / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D034622:RNA Interference; D012038:Regeneration / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018509:DNA, Helminth