title: Hypoglycemic and antidiabetic effect of ethanolic extract of leaves of Annona squamosa L. in experimental animals.
abstract: The ethanolic extract of Annona squamosa L. (Annonaceae) leaves was administered orally at different doses to normal as well as streptozotocin (STZ)-induced diabetic rats and alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. The dose of 350 mg/kg body weight (bw) reduced the fasting blood glucose (FBG) level by 6.0% within 1 h, whereas, the peak blood glucose at 1 h during glucose tolerance test (GTT) was reduced by 17.1% in normal rats. The same dose of ethanolic extract reduced FBG by 26.8% and improved glucose tolerance by 38.5 and 40.6% at 1 and 2 h, respectively, during GTT in alloxan-induced diabetic rabbits. In STZ-diabetic rats, a fall of 13.0% in FBG and an improvement in glucose tolerance by 37.2 and 60.6% at 1 and 2 h, respectively, was observed during GTT. The dose of 350 mg/kg bw of ethanolic extract in 10-day treatment of a group of STZ-diabetic rats produced 73.3% fall in FBG level and no sugar was observed in fasting urine. Treatment of severely-diabetic rabbits for 15 days with a dose of 350 mg/kg of extract reduce FBG by 52.7% and urine sugar by 75%. It brought about fall in the level of total cholesterol (TC) by 49.3% with increase of 30.3% in high-density lipoprotein (HDL) and decrease of 71.9 and 28.7% in low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and triglycerides (TG) levels, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Alternative Therapeutics Unit, Drug Development Division, Medicinal Research Laboratary, Department of Chemistry, University of Allahabad, Allahabad-211002, U.P., India.
authors.forename: Rajesh Kumar
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Achyut Narayan
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Kesari
authors.forename: P S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Murthy
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chandra
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tandon
authors.forename: Geeta
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Watal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D031041:Annona / Q000737:chemistry*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy; D000431:Ethanol; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006029:Glycosuria / Q000188:drug therapy; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000633:toxicity; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012997:Solvents; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D014280:Triglycerides; D000431:Ethanol; D002784:Cholesterol