title: Seroprevalence of human papillomavirus type 16 in children.
abstract: We evaluated the prevalence of antibodies to human papillomavirus (HPV) type 16 in a representative sample of children 6-11 years of age in the United States. Serum samples and questionnaire data were collected between 1991 and 1994, for the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey III. HPV-16-specific immunoglobulin G antibodies were detected by an HPV-16 L1 virus-like particle-based enzyme-linked immunosorbant assay. Overall, 2.4% of 1316 children 6-11 years of age were seropositive. Seroprevalence was higher in boys than in girls (3.5% vs. 1.2%; P=.08) and in children >7 years of age than in children < or =7 years of age (3.3% vs. 0.4%; P<.05). None of the variables tested for, including race/ethnicity, socioeconomic status, and urban or rural residence, were significantly associated with HPV-16 seropositivity. To explain HPV-16 seropositivity in this population, further study is required.
authors.affiliation: Division of STD Prevention, National Center for HIV, STD, and TB Prevention, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. dde9@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Eileen F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Dunne
authors.forename: Kevin L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Karem
authors.forename: Maya R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sternberg
authors.forename: Katherine M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Stone
authors.forename: Elizabeth R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Unger
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Reeves
authors.forename: Lauri E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Markowitz
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000276:immunology; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D044469:Racial Groups; D012424:Rural Population; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014505:Urban Population
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral