Thyroid hormone and remyelination in adult central nervous system: a lesson from an inflammatory-demyelinating disease.
Re-myelination in the adult CNS has been demonstrated in different experimental models of demyelinating diseases. However, there is no clear evidence that re-myelination is effective in multiple sclerosis (MS), the most diffuse demyelinating disease. Moreover, chronic disabilities in MS are believed to be due to remyelination failure and consequent neuron damage and degeneration. Due to the presence of numerous oligodendrocyte precursors inside demyelination plaques, reasons for remyelination failure are unknown. In this paper, we reviewed data from embryonic development and in vitro studies supporting the primary role of thyroid hormone in oligodendrocyte maturation. We also reviewed personal data on the possibility of promoting myelination in chronic experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (EAE), a widely used experimental model of MS, by recruiting progenitors and channeling them into oligodendroglial lineage through the administration of thyroid hormone.
Calzà
Laura
L
Department of Veterinary Morphophysiology and Animal Production, University of Bologna, Italy. lcalza@vet.unibo.it
Fernandez
Mercedes
M
Giuliani
Alessandro
A
D'Intino
Giulia
G
Pirondi
Stefania
S
Sivilia
Sandra
S
Paradisi
Michela
M
Desordi
Nadia
N
Giardino
Luciana
L
D000818:Animals; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003711:Demyelinating Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000378:metabolism; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use
D013963:Thyroid Hormones