title: Evanescent wave fluorescence biosensors.
abstract: Since discovery and first use in the mid-1970s, evanescent wave fluorescence biosensors have developed into a diverse range of instruments, each designed to meet a particular detection need. In this review, we provide a brief synopsis of what evanescent wave fluorescence biosensors are, how they work, and how they are used. In addition, we have summarized the important patents that have impacted the evolution from laboratory curiosities to fully automated commercial products. Finally, we address the critical issues that evanescent wave fluorescence biosensors will face in the coming years.
authors.affiliation: Center for Bio/Molecular Science and Engineering, US Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-5348, USA.
authors.forename: Chris Rowe
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Taitt
authors.forename: George P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Frances S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Ligler
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology / Q000295:instrumentation*; D044085:Microfluidics / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods