title: Neocortical and hippocampal changes after multiple pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Multiple episodes of pilocarpine-induced status epilepticus (SE) in developing rats (P7-P9) lead to progressive epileptiform activity and severe cognitive impairment in adulthood. The present work studied possible underlying abnormalities in the neocortex and hippocampus of pilocarpine-treated animals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Wistar rats were submitted to pilocarpine-induced SE at P7, P8, and P9, and were killed at P35. Immunocytochemistry was performed on 50-microm vibratome sections, by using antibodies against nonphosphorylated neurofilament (SMI-311), parvalbumin (PV), calbindin (CB), calretinin (CR), and glutamate decarboxylase (GAD-65). Ten-micron cryostat sections were processed for immunohistoblot by using antibodies against GluR1, GluR2/3, and GluR4 alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid (AMPA) receptor subunits and NR2ab N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor subunit.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adult rats submitted to SE at P7-9 showed: (a) altered distribution of neocortical interneurons; (b) increased cortical and reduced hippocampal GAD-65 expression; and (c) altered expression of hippocampal AMPA and NMDA receptors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that multiple SE episodes during P7-9 generate long-lasting disturbances that underlie behavioral and electrographic abnormalities later in life.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Alexandre Valotta da
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Regondi
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cipelletti
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Frassoni
authors.forename: Esper Abrão
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Cavalheiro
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Spreafico
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007395:Interneurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D019579:Neocortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010862:Pilocarpine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D018091:Receptors, AMPA / Q000378:metabolism; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000378:metabolism; D013226:Status Epilepticus / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018091:Receptors, AMPA; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D010862:Pilocarpine