title: Searching for RET/PTC rearrangements and BRAF V599E mutation in thyroid aspirates might contribute to establish a preoperative diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Searching for multiple molecular markers in thyroid aspirates appears to be a promising approach for establishing a preoperative diagnosis of papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC).
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on this hypothesis, a total of 63 samples from 55 patients, were collected at random. RNA was extracted from the residue cells inside the needle used for fine needle aspiration cytology (FNAC) and thereafter molecular analysis was carried out both for RETrearrangements (type 1, 2, 3) and BRAF codon 599 mutation molecule. Results were compared with the cytological and histopathological diagnoses in 24 patients submitted to surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  58% PTCs presented a genetic alteration either RET/PTC rearrangement, BRAF V599E mutation or both: three cases of PTCs (25%) presented a RET/PTC rearrangement; three cases of PTCs (25%) presented a BRAF V599E mutation and in one case (8%) both alterations were identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present results suggest that searching for multiple molecular markers in thyroid aspirates may enhance the accuracy of FNAC and refine preoperative diagnosis of PTC.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigação de Patobiologia Molecular, Instituto Português de Oncologia Francisco Gentil, Centro Regional de Oncologia de Lisboa, SA, Lisboa, Portugal. rdomingues@ipolisboa.min-saude.pt
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Domingues
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mendonça
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sobrinho
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bugalho
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D015321:Gene Rearrangement / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D025202:Molecular Diagnostic Techniques / Q000379:methods; D020125:Mutation, Missense / Q000235:genetics*; D015513:Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / Q000235:genetics*; D051096:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015513:Oncogene Proteins; D051096:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-ret; C099282:RET protein, human; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C482119:BRAF protein, human; D048493:Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf