title: [Relapse of Plasmodium malariae malaria 20 years after living in an endemic area].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Malaria has been eradicated in Tunisia since 1979. Although it continues to be evoked in the case of fever after travel to an endemic zone, its diagnosis is however difficult during relapses, notably when they are delayed.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 50 year-old man having lived in Mauritania from 1978 to 1982 was hospitalized for interstitial pneumopathy and urarthritis. In spite of treatment with broad spectrum antibiotics, the fever accompanied by abundant sweating persisted. A thick blood drop and blood smear was requested and led to the diagnosis of Plasmodium malariae malaria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This observation recalls the possibility of parasitic upsurge of some plasmodial species. It should prompt physicians to be careful and evoke malaria in the case of fever in subjects having stayed, even several years before, in an endemic zone. This would permit early diagnosis and treatment.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de parasitologie clinique, Institut Pasteur de Tunis.
authors.forename: Emna
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Siala
authors.forename: Moncef
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Khalfaoui
authors.forename: Aida
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bouratbine
authors.forename: Samira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hamdi
authors.forename: Kamel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hili
authors.forename: Karim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aoun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000962:Antimalarials / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D006801:Humans; D008288:Malaria / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D015767:Mefloquine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D010965:Plasmodium malariae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012008:Recurrence; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D014416:Tunisia / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000962:Antimalarials; D015767:Mefloquine