title: Effect of Tomanol on the pharmacokinetics and tissue distribution of penicillin G in dairy cows.
abstract: Following concomitant intravenous administration of Tomanol and sodium penicillin G to six Dutch Friesian dairy cows a significant decrease in total body clearance of penicillin (34.7%) and a prolongation of the elimination half-life of penicillin (17.2%) was observed. Tomanol did not affect other pharmacokinetic parameters such as rate constants of drug transfer (k12/k21, alpha en beta), distribution volume of the central compartment (V1), and extrapolated serum drug levels. Intravenous or intramuscular administration of Tomanol had no effect on the tissue distribution of penicillin G, because neither a change in the ratios of muscle to serum and of kidney cortex to serum nor a change in an induced steady state level of low penicilline G serum concentrations was observed. From the data obtained it is concluded that concomitant Tomanol administration with penicillin induces an elevation of the serum penicillin concentration and prolongs the persistence of penicillin residues in carcass meat and organs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Nijmegen, 6500 HB Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hekman
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Nouws
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: van Ginneken
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D005513:Food Inspection; D006207:Half-Life; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular / Q000662:veterinary; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D010400:Penicillin G / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D010653:Phenylbutazone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011437:Propylamines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D011437:Propylamines; C003618:isopryn, phenylbutazone drug combination; D010653:Phenylbutazone; D010400:Penicillin G