Tissue transglutaminase antibodies in celiac disease, comparison of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay and a dot blot assay.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of our study is to determine the sensitivity, specificity and predictive values of an enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and a dot blot assay for the detection of IgA class anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies (IgA-AtTGA) and to compare these results with those of IgA class anti-endomysium antibodies (IgA-AEA), IgA class anti-reticulin antibodies (IgA-ARA) and IgA class anti-gliadin antibodies (IgA-AGA).


METHODS
Serum samples from 143 patients (97 children, 46 adults) with untreated celiac disease (CD) confirmed by intestinal biopsy and 74 disease controls (64 children, 10 adults) were studied. Methods. - The anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies were detected by dot blot assay and an ELISA using guinea pig tissue transglutaminase (gp-tTG) as antigen. The anti-endomysium antibodies were detected by an indirect immunofluorescence technique on cryostat sections of human umbilical cord. The anti-reticulin antibodies were also investigated by indirect immunofluorescence on cryostat sections of kidney, liver and stomach of rat. The anti-gliadin antibodies were determined by an ELISA.


RESULTS
The sensitivity of an ELISA for the detection of anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies was 86% in children and 87% in adults and the sensitivity of dot blot assay was 57% in children and 54% in adults. The specificity of an ELISA and dot blot for the detection for anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies was, respectively, 96% and 88% lower than that of anti-endomysium antibodies (100%). The sensitivity of anti-gliadin antibodies was 97% in children and 91% in adults and their specificity was 85%. The sensitivity of anti-reticulin antibodies was 94% in children and 87% in adults. Their specificity was 100%.


CONCLUSIONS
The sensitivity and specificity of an ELISA for the detection of anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies were better than that of dot blot assay. However, this dot blot assay could screen four celiac patients who have not had anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies by an ELISA. The sensitivity of anti-endomysium antibodies was better than that of anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies, anti-reticulin antibodies and anti-gliadin antibodies but in children aged less than 2 years, the sensitivity of anti-gliadin antibodies was better than that of anti-tissue transglutaminase antibodies.
Mankaï
A
A
Faculty of Pharmacy, Monastir, Tunisia.
Sakly
W
W
Landolsi
H
H
Gueddah
L
L
Sriha
B
B
Ayadi
A
A
Sfar
M T
MT
Skandrani
K
K
Harbi
A
A
Essoussi
A S
AS
Korbi
S
S
Fabien
N
N
Jeddi
M
M
Ghedira
I
I
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000276:immunology*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002446:Celiac Disease / Q000276:immunology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D005903:Gliadin / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000276:immunology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D012155:Reticulin / Q000276:immunology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011503:Transglutaminases / Q000276:immunology*
D001323:Autoantibodies; D001324:Autoantigens; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D012155:Reticulin; D005903:Gliadin; D000091345:Protein Glutamine gamma Glutamyltransferase 2; D011503:Transglutaminases; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins