title: Clostridium botulinum type A progenitor toxin binds to Intestine-407 cells via N-acetyllactosamine moiety.
abstract: Botulism is a highly fatal disease caused by the botulinum progenitor toxin. In this study, the role of oligosaccharides for the binding of botulinum type A progenitor toxin (type A PTX) to human intestinal cells was investigated. The binding of type A PTX to Intestine-407 cells was inhibited by the addition of N-acetyllactosamine, lactose, and galactose. Treatment of Intestine-407 cells with neuraminidase led to a significant increase in the binding of type A PTX, while further digestion of cell surface oligosaccharides by beta-galactosidase and beta-N-acetylhexosaminidase decreased the binding. These results indicate that the N-acetyllactosamine moiety is responsible for the binding of type A PTX. These findings were further confirmed by a binding assay using synthesized oligosaccharides. Interestingly, sialylation or fucosylation of oligosaccharides inhibited the binding of type A PTX. These data suggest that the type A PTX binds to intestinal cells via cell surface N-acetyllactosamine moiety.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Shoudou
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Hironobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Eguchi
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ookawara
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujiwara
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Takehira
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamamura
authors.forename: Keiichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000606:Amino Sugars / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D003014:Clostridium botulinum; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000166:cytology*; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000606:Amino Sugars; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; C000458:N-acetyllactosamine; D006026:Glycoside Hydrolases; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A