title: Pain management after lipoplasty: a study of 303 cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The safety and efficiency of liposuction have been proven in several studies, but little attention has been paid to postoperative pain. The present study was designed to determine the demand for analgesic agents used postoperatively after liposuction.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 303 patients underwent ultrasound-assisted liposuction between January 1, 1999, and February 1, 2002, in the Department of Plastic Surgery at the Florence Nightingale Hospital, in Düsseldorf, Germany. The study is partly retrospective of the postoperative demand for analgesic agents.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study group of 244 female and 59 male patients was 42.2 +/- 13.6 years of age (range, 12 to 78 years). The average total suction volume removed was 2404.6 +/- 1704.2 cc (range, 90 to 9100 cc). Of 303 patients, 146 (48.2 percent) did not require any additional analgesic agents on the day of the operation, with 157 (51.8 percent) asking for pain relief on the operation day. On the first postoperative day, 88 (29.0 percent) of all liposuction patients asked for pain medication. That number of patients decreased to 28 (9.2 percent) on postoperative day 2, 21 (6.9 percent) on postoperative day 3, 11 (3.6 percent) on postoperative day 4, five (1.7 percent) on postoperative day 5, four (1.3 percent) on postoperative day 6, and zero on postoperative day 7. The data were further specified concerning details on analgesic agents. Of 303 patients, 146 (48.2 percent) did not require any form of pain medication. For 61 patients (20.1 percent), light analgesic agents were sufficient. Eighty-three patients (27.4 percent) asked for stronger medication, such as tramadol. Only 13 patients (4.3 percent) needed strong opioids for adequate pain management. No statistically significant difference concerning postoperative pain was observed between patients who were operated on under local anesthesia and those who received general anesthesia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study gives clear proof that liposuction is a relatively painless procedure, and 48.2 percent off all liposuction patients do not need any pain medication at all. If they do need analgesic agents postoperatively, in most cases, analgesic therapy is sufficient with oral pain medication such as paracetamol or tramadol. In addition, patients can be reassured that merely 1 week after the operation very few patients complain of pain, and they can return to normal life without any complications concerning pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, Florence Nightingale Hospital, Kaiserswerther Diakonie, Düsseldorf, Germany. dr.manassa@web.de
authors.forename: Edouard H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Manassa
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hellmich
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ronert
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hofheinz
authors.forename: Rolf-Ruediger
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Olbrisch
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000700:Analgesics; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015187:Lipectomy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D000700:Analgesics; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid