title: [Application of endoscopy-assistant operation in surgical treatment of breast diseases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the technique and problems of endoscope-assistant breast surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five patients with breast cancer underwent endoscope-assistant modified radical mastectomy, 30 patients with breast cancer underwent endoscope-assistant modified radical mastectomy with small incision, and 13 patients with breast cancer underwent endoscope-assistant resection of breast cancer with retained breast plus axillary lymph node dissection. Two patients with fibroadenoma and 2 patients with fibrocystic disease breast with atypical hyperplasia were treated with endoscope-assistant subcutaneous total mastectomy and breast reconstruction by one-stage silica gel filling operation. Seven patients with fibrocystic disease with atypical hyperplasia and 16 patients with gynecomastia were treated with endoscope-assistant subcutaneous total mastectomy. One 10-month-old infant with huge chest lymphangioma was treated with endoscope-assistant tumor resection via axilla.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All operations were performed smoothly. The duration of operation was 180 approximately 360 min. The frozen sections of skin and breast tissue at the incision margin resected during operation endoscope-assistant modified radical mastectomy with small incision and endoscope-assistant conservative surgery were all negative There were 2 cases of postoperative incisional bleeding, 1 case of skin margin necrosis of axillary incision, 1 case of skin margin incisional necrosis after endoscope-assistant resection of breast cancer with retained breast plus axillary lymph node dissection, 4 cases of epidermal necrosis of nipple, and one case of full thickness skin necrosis of nipple surface.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscope-assistant breast surgery has changed the routine method in breast operation and manifests the cosmetic effects that cannot be achieved by routine surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Breast Disease Centre, Southwest Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400038, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Xin-hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Lin-jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001941:Breast Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D005348:Fibrocystic Breast Disease / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D015411:Mastectomy, Modified Radical