title: Vasoactive prostanoids are generated from arachidonic acid by COX-1 and COX-2 in the mouse.
abstract: Generation of vasoactive prostanoids from arachidonic acid by cyclooxygenase (COX)-1 and COX-2 was investigated in anesthetized mice. Intravenous injections of the prostanoid precursor arachidonic acid increased pulmonary arterial pressure and decreased systemic arterial pressure. Pulmonary pressor and systemic depressor responses were attenuated by SC-560 and nimesulide, inhibitors of COX-1 and COX-2, in doses that did not alter responses to injected prostanoids. Pulmonary pressor responses to arachidonic acid were blocked and a depressor response was unmasked, whereas systemic depressor responses were not altered, by a thromboxane receptor antagonist. Pulmonary and systemic pressor responses to angiotensin II injections and systemic pressor responses to angiotensin II infusion were not modified by COX-1 or COX-2 inhibitors but were attenuated by losartan. Systemic depressor responses to arachidonic acid were smaller in COX-1 and COX-2 knockout mice, whereas responses to angiotensin II, norepinephrine, U-46619, endothelin-1, and PGE(1) were not different in COX-1 and COX-2 knockout and wild-type control mice. These results suggest that vasoactive prostanoids with pulmonary pressor and systemic vasodepressor activity are formed by COX-1 and COX-2 and are consistent with Western blot analysis and immunostaining showing the presence of COX-1 and COX-2. These data suggest that thromboxane A(2) (TxA(2)) is formed from the precursor by COX-1 and COX-2 in the lung and are in agreement with immunofluorescence studies showing thromboxane synthase. The present data suggest that COX-1- or COX-2-derived prostanoids do not modulate responses to angiotensin II or other vasoactive agents and that prostanoid responses are similar in CD-1 and C57BL/6 and in male and female mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, 1430 Tulane Ave., New Orleans, LA 70112, USA.
authors.forename: Syed R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Baber
authors.forename: Weiwen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: Ryan G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Master
authors.forename: Trinity J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Bivalacqua
authors.forename: Albert L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Hyman
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Kadowitz
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D013928:Thromboxane A2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D013930:Thromboxane-A Synthase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D000804:Angiotensin II; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D013928:Thromboxane A2; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; C496512:Ptgs1 protein, mouse; D013930:Thromboxane-A Synthase