Influence of angiotensin-converting enzyme polymorphism gene, IGF-1, and other factors in the response rate of hematocrit to enalapril treatment in patients with posttransplant erythrocytosis.
A significant relationship between hematocrit values and serum parameters such as the insulin like growth factor (IGF-1) and calcium was observed in patients with posttransplant erythrocytosis (PTE). Since angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEI) decrease hematocrit (Ht) levels in these patients, ACE genotype should play an important role. We designed this study to investigate whether ACE genotype or baseline concentrations of IGF-1, IGF-blood binding protein 3 (BP3), growth hormone (GH), or Ca influenced the response of Ht to ACEI treatment. Twenty-one kidney graft recipients with PTE were treated with enalapril (2.5 to 5 mg/d) for 1 year. IGF-1, BP3, GH, Ca, and Ht were determined before as well as 15, 30, 90, 180, and 365 days after enalapril treatment. ACE polymorphism was also determined. Enalapril treatment significantly decreased Ht levels. Only IGF-1 baseline levels showed a positive correlation to the decreased Ht (P < .025). ACE genotype as determined in 18 patients, showed no correlation with the response to enalapril. Patients with ACE genotype II showed a tendency to an earlier display of PTE. We conclude that low doses of enalapril decrease Ht levels in PTE patients; that PTE begins earlier in patients with II ACE genotype; and that only IGF-1 baseline levels influence the Ht decrease after treatment. These observations suggest that ACEI decrease the Ht via an inhibitory effect on IGF-1, which has a stimulary effect on erythropoiesis.
Jimeno
L
L
Department of Nephrology, Arrixaca University Hospital, Murcia, Spain.
Rodado
R
R
Barrios
Y
Y
Campos
M
M
Llorente
S
S
Nicolas
F
F
Minguela
A
A
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D004656:Enalapril / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006400:Hematocrit; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011086:Polycythemia / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D018972:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 3; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D004656:Enalapril; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; D002118:Calcium