title: Lipopolysaccharide-induced c-Src expression plays a role in nitric oxide and TNFalpha secretion in macrophages.
abstract: As tyrosine kinases are indispensable in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced macrophage activation, the myeloid-specific Src members (i.e. Lyn, Fgr and Hck) are speculated to play important roles in this process. However, the normal LPS responsiveness in lyn(-/-)fgr(-/-)hck(-/-) macrophages implicates the presence of an elusive, compensating tyrosine kinase(s). In this study, we demonstrate the upregulation of c-Src in Raw264.7 and peritoneal macrophages (PEMs) by LPS, which is inhibited by PP2 (an inhibitor for Src family kinases), pyrrolidinedithiocarbamate (PDTC; NF-kappaB inhibitor) and LY294002 (PI3K inhibitor). And this LPS-mediated c-Src induction is also observed in macrophages recovered from LPS-challenged rats. Intriguingly, PP2 attenuates the ability of PEMs to elicit COX-2 expression and nitric oxide production in response to LPS. Similar results are also observed when macrophages recovered from rats receiving either LPS alone or LPS and PP2 both are compared. Furthermore, administration of PP2 in Raw264.7 and animal models of sepsis greatly suppresses TNFalpha secretion and serum TNFalpha level, respectively. Therefore, we conclude that c-Src, with its LPS induction, has an unperceived role in transmitting LPS signaling in macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan 70101, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tzeng-Horng
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Leu
authors.forename: Suparat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Charoenfuprasert
authors.forename: Chia-Kuang
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Yen
authors.forename: Chiung-Wen
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Ming-Chei
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Maa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D016391:Genes, src; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D010538:Peritonitis / Q000473:pathology; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D011392:Proline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013859:Thiocarbamates / Q000494:pharmacology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000172:deficiency / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C412373:AG 1879; D002867:Chromones; D005419:Flavonoids; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009025:Morpholines; D016328:NF-kappa B; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D011743:Pyrimidines; D013859:Thiocarbamates; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C440499:lipopolysaccharide, Escherichia coli O111 B4; C066229:prolinedithiocarbamate; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C085911:2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; D011392:Proline; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C489691:Ptgs2 protein, rat; D019061:src-Family Kinases; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one