title: The selective epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor PD153035 suppresses expression of prometastasis phenotypes in malignant pleural mesothelioma cells in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Malignant pleural mesothelioma is notoriously refractory to aggressive multimodality therapy. Epidermal growth factor receptor expression has been observed on malignant pleural mesothelioma cells. Epidermal growth factor receptor-mediated signaling promotes tumorigenesis and metastasis of cancer cells. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the ability of the epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor PD153035 to abrogate the expression of prometastasis phenotypes in malignant pleural mesothelioma cells in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  Epidermal growth factor receptor expression of malignant pleural mesothelioma cells and primary normal cells was quantitated by means of flow cytometry. PD153035-mediated growth inhibition was determined by means of 1-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-3,5-diphenylformazan and clonogenic assays. Cell motility and invasion of extracellular matrix was evaluated with in vitro wound-healing and Matrigel invasion assays, respectively. Vascular epidermal growth factor levels in conditioned media were measured by using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Epidermal growth factor receptor expression was detected on all 6 cultured malignant pleural mesothelioma cells, with 4 of 6 having normal receptor expression and 2 of 6 overexpressing the receptor. PD153035 suppressed cell motility and cell invasion through a Matrigel membrane, regardless of the baseline epidermal growth factor receptor expression. Decreased vascular epidermal growth factor production and significant inhibition of growth only occurred in malignant pleural mesothelioma cells that overexpress epidermal growth factor receptor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Epidermal growth factor receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitor PD153035 significantly inhibited motility and invasion in malignant pleural mesothelioma cells in vitro, regardless of their epidermal growth factor receptor expression levels. Inhibition of epidermal growth factor receptor-dependent signaling might be a useful strategy to diminish malignant pleural mesothelioma recurrence after aggressive cytoreductive surgery.
authors.affiliation: Section of Thoracic Oncology, Surgery Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute/NIH, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: George W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.forename: Annette M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Alleva
authors.forename: Rishindra M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Reddy
authors.forename: Justin B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Maxhimer
authors.forename: JingTong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.forename: David S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Schrump
authors.forename: Dao M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Nguyen
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003043:Cocarcinogenesis; D003094:Collagen; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000032:analysis / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007797:Laminin; D008654:Mesothelioma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control; D010641:Phenotype; D010997:Pleural Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011509:Proteoglycans; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014410:Tumor Stem Cell Assay; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D007797:Laminin; D011509:Proteoglycans; D011799:Quinazolines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C059485:matrigel; D003094:Collagen; D066246:ErbB Receptors; C088860:4-((3-bromophenyl)amino)-6,7-dimethoxyquinazoline