title: Genetic polymorphisms of cytokine genes and risk for trichloroethylene-induced severe generalized dermatitis: a case-control study.
abstract: Trichloroethylene (TCE)-induced severe generalized dermatitis (SGD) is considered to be a contact allergic disease and is dependent on a cell-mediated immune response. Little is known about its pathogenesis. Several lines of evidence suggest that tumour necrosis factor (TNF) and interleukin 4 (IL-4) are involved in the immunological and inflammatory reactions. To investigate the relation between polymorphisms of TNF and the IL-4 gene and the risk of TCE-induced SGD, a case-control study was conducted consisting of 111 patients diagnosed with SGD and 152 TCE-exposed workers without SGD. Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism was used to detect the polymorphisms of TNF-alpha (G-238A, G-308A), TNF-beta (intron 1) and IL-4 (C-590T). Logistic regression was applied to calculate the odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals. The results reveal that the frequency of TNF alpha-308 wild allele in cases was significantly higher than that in control subjects (p=0.049). Individuals with a heterozygous genotype of TNF alpha-308 were associated with the decreased risk of TCE-induced SGD relative to the homozygous genotype (OR=0.398, 95% CI=0.164-0.967). No significant differences in the allele and genotype frequencies could be demonstrated at any other polymorphic loci among both groups. The finding of a possible contribution of a TNF-alpha genetic polymorphism is a primary result because the pathogenesis of TCE-induced SGD is complex and likely to involve the interaction of a number of genes. A further study should be conducted to illustrate the influence of a link between certain relevant alleles in the assessment of genetic susceptibility
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Centre for Disease Control and Prevention, Manwei Road 29, Beijing 100050, China.
authors.forename: Yufei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Dai
authors.forename: Shuguang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Leng
authors.forename: Laiyu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Hanlin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Yuxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000633:toxicity*; D015415:Biomarkers; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D003872:Dermatitis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006579:Heterozygote; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012306:Risk; D013997:Time Factors; D014241:Trichloroethylene / Q000633:toxicity*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D017931:DNA Primers; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D015847:Interleukin-4; D014241:Trichloroethylene