title: Thyroid hemiagenesis is a rare variant of thyroid dysgenesis with a familial component but without Pax8 mutations in a cohort of 22 cases.
abstract: Thyroid hemiagenesis is a rare form of thyroid dysgenesis of which some familial cases have been reported, including one associated with a heterozygous mutation in the Pax8 gene. However, the physiopathology remains not well known. The objectives of this study were 1) to describe the clinical features, 2) to look for familial clustering, and 3) to search for Pax8 mutations in a relatively large cohort of affected patients. A family history of thyroid dysgenesis was found in nine patients (40%), whose affected relatives had ectopic thyroid (n = 4), athyreosis (n = 1), thyroid hemiagenesis (n = 2), or thyroglossal duct cysts (n = 2). Screening for Pax8 mutations identified abnormal migration profiles by SSCP analysis in 3 patients, but direct sequencing did not show coding region mutations in any of the 22 patients. In conclusion, this study provides the first evidence that thyroid hemiagenesis can occur as a familial disorder associated with any form of thyroid dysgenesis. This finding supports both a common underlying mechanism to the various abnormalities in thyroid development and a role for genetic factors; however, our results from Pax8 analysis suggest that this gene may not be a key factor.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U457, Robert Debré Teaching Hospital, Paris 75019, France.
authors.forename: Mireille
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Castanet
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leenhardt
authors.forename: Juliane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Léger
authors.forename: Aurore
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Simon-Carré
authors.forename: Stanislas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lyonnet
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pelet
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Czernichow
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Polak
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000235:genetics; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001483:Base Sequence; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D000072636:PAX8 Transcription Factor; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors; D010375:Pedigree; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000002:abnormalities*; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000072636:PAX8 Transcription Factor; C083325:PAX8 protein, human; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors; D015534:Trans-Activators; D004247:DNA