title: Atomoxetine ingestions in children: a report from poison centers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Atomoxetine uses a novel non-stimulant approach to the treatment of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder. There is limited information on overdose of atomoxetine in children or adults.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To provide information on atomoxetine in overdose.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series were conducted at 3 regional poison centers for atomoxetine ingestion in children (age < or = 17 y). Exclusion criteria were polypharmacy or lack of follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty patients were included (25 boys; 63%) in the study. The mean +/- SD age was 6.1 +/- 4.9 years (range 9 mo-17 y). Twenty-five patients were managed at home, 14 in hospital emergency departments (3 children were admitted), and 1 patient was managed in a physician's office. Symptoms reported were tachycardia, drowsiness, nausea, hypertension, and vomiting. A seizure was reported in one child who had recently started atomoxetine therapy. No arrhythmias beyond sinus tachycardia were reported. Mean maximum heart rate in patients with tachycardia was 131 +/- 14 beats/min. The mean dose ingested, categorized by medical outcome, was: no effect (n = 22), 40 +/- 32 mg; minor effect (n = 14), 167 +/- 221 mg; and moderate effect (n = 4), 249 +/- 326 mg. There were no major outcomes or fatalities. The lowest dose ingested that resulted in hypertension was 480 mg, in a 14-year-old girl (BP 136/95 mm Hg).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this case series, clinically significant cardiovascular effects requiring direct intervention did not occur. Activated charcoal and/or observation appear to be sufficient for accidental ingestion. Further investigation may be needed to indicate whether seizures occur from atomoxetine ingestion.
authors.affiliation: Kentucky Regional Poison Center, Louisville, KY 40232-5070, USA. henry.spiller@nortonhealthcare.org
authors.forename: Henry A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Spiller
authors.forename: Chris P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Lintner
authors.forename: Mark L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Winter
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000069445:Atomoxetine Hydrochloride; D002606:Charcoal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004638:Emergency Treatment / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011039:Poison Control Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011437:Propylamines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000506:poisoning*; D012640:Seizures / Q000139:chemically induced; D012646:Self Administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D013610:Tachycardia / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D011437:Propylamines; D002606:Charcoal; D000069445:Atomoxetine Hydrochloride