title: Testicular cancer, occupation and exposure to chemical agents among Finnish men in 1971-1995.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To find associations between testicular cancer, occupation and chemical exposure.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cohort of all economically active Finnish men born between 1906 and 1945 was followed-up for 19.7 million person-years during 1971-1995. Incident cases of testicular cancer (n=387) were identified in a record linkage with the Finnish Cancer Registry. The Census occupations in 1970 were converted to chemical exposures with a job-exposure matrix (FINJEM). Cumulative exposure (CE) was calculated as the product of prevalence, level, and duration of the exposure. Standardised incidence ratio (SIR) was calculated for each of the 393 occupations, and for CE categories of the 43 chemical agents, using average male population as reference. Relative risks (RR) comparing various CE-categories with unexposed ones were defined for selected agents by Poisson regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Elevated SIRs were observed among railway traffic supervisors (5.8, 95% CI 1.6-14.7), programmers (4.3, 1.4-9.9), university teachers (4.1, 1.3-9.5) and electrical engineers (3.9, 1.1-10.1). A significant exposure-response trend (mainly contributed by seminoma) was observed for pesticides, textile dust, aliphatic and alicyclic hydrocarbons, and some other organic solvents.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Risk of testicular cancer increased only in four occupations. Pesticides, textile dust, and some organic solvents may be related to an excess risk of seminoma.
authors.affiliation: Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Topeliuksenk, Helsinki, Finland. johannes.guo@medivire.fi
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Eero
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pukkala
authors.forename: Pentti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kyyrönen
authors.forename: Marja-Liisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Lindbohm
authors.forename: Pirjo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Heikkilä
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kauppinen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004738:Engineering / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005178:Faculty / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000009:adverse effects; D006840:Hydrocarbons, Alicyclic / Q000009:adverse effects; D015994:Incidence; D048088:Informatics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009676:Noxae / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D009790:Occupations / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000009:adverse effects; D011890:Railroads / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D018239:Seminoma / Q000453:epidemiology; D012997:Solvents / Q000009:adverse effects; D013736:Testicular Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013784:Textiles / Q000009:adverse effects; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D006838:Hydrocarbons; D006840:Hydrocarbons, Alicyclic; D009676:Noxae; D010575:Pesticides; D012997:Solvents