title: [Factorial structure of the BAKO 1-4. On the validation of the "Base competence for school years 1-4" test for determining phonological processing].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Phonological awareness in native German speaking school children in grades 1 through 4 can be tested using the BAKO 1-4. We raised the question whether BAKO 1-4 subtests probe different aspects of phonological processing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants were 62 school children aged 7-12 years. Application of the BAKO 1-4 was performed during routine clinical testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistical analysis indicated two factors with sufficient loading as latent variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data indicate that two underlying variables constitute BAKO 1-4 test performance: the first involves "conscious phonological processing in a narrow sense", and the second involves decision making. Two subtests loading on factor 2 may be related to the decision making processes. This has to be kept in mind when applying the test to indecisive children.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Phoniatrie und Pädaudiologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover. Ptok.Martin@MH-Hannover.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ptok
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Buller
mesh_terms: D001308:Auditory Perceptual Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007807:Language Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010700:Phonetics; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011932:Reading; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012574:Schools; D014956:Writing