title: An 8-year retrospective study: 1,100 patients receiving 1,557 implants using the minimally invasive hydraulic sinus condensing technique.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  For many clinicians, inadequate alveolar bone height and anatomical features of the maxillary sinus complicate sinus lift procedures and placement of endosseous implants. We present a new internal crestal approach that addresses these issues.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sinus burs and condensers of increasing width are used in conjunction with pliable atraumatic bone grafting mixture and hydraulic pressure from a surgical handpiece. The risk of a membrane perforation is minimized when the surgeon's tactile skill is administered in a two-stage process to first loosen and then graft bone particulate under the Schneiderian membrane. Threaded implants can then be placed in the same visit and secured via primary closure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A retrospective investigation of 1,100 cases showed that eight implants failed and 14 required longer healing periods in patients with alveolar ridge heights varying between <1 to 5 mm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our experience suggests that hydraulic sinus condensing is a predictable and minimally invasive alternative for prosthetic rehabilitation of maxillary anterior and posterior regions in the presence of anatomical restrictions to implant placement.
authors.affiliation: The Dental Implant Institute of Las Vegas, Las Vegas, NV 89146, USA. leonchen@diilv.com
authors.forename: Leon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cha
mesh_terms: D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D015921:Dental Implants; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000601:surgery*; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000601:surgery*; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000473:pathology; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000295:instrumentation; D011312:Pressure; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D015921:Dental Implants