title: Association of non-starch polysaccharides and ferulic acid in grain amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus L.) dietary fiber.
abstract: The association of ferulic acid, an alkali-extractable phenolic acid in amaranth (Amaranthus caudatus L., Amaranthaceae) insoluble fiber (trans-ferulic acid: 620 microg.g-1, cis-ferulic acid: 203 microg.g-1), and non-starch polysaccharides was investigated. Enzymatic hydrolysis of insoluble amaranth fiber released several feruloylated oligosaccharides that were separated using Sephadex LH-20-chromatography and reversed phase-high performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC). Three compounds were unambiguously identified: O-(6-O-trans-feruloyl-beta-D-galactopyranosyl)-(1-->4)-D-galactopyranose, O-(2-O-trans-feruloyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl)-(1-->5)-L-arabinofuranose, and O-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl-(1-->3)-O-(2-O-trans-feruloyl-alpha-L-arabinofuranosyl)-(1-->5)-L-arabinofuranose. These feruloylated oligosaccharides show that ferulic acid is predominantly bound to pectic arabinans and galactans in amaranth insoluble fiber. 5-O-trans-Feruloyl-L-arabinofuranose was the only compound isolated in pure form from an acid hydrolyzate. This compound may have its origin from pectic arabinans but also from arabinoxylans.
authors.affiliation: University of Hamburg, Department of Food Chemistry, Hamburg, Germany. mirko.bunzel@uni-hamburg.de
authors.forename: Mirko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bunzel
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ralph
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Steinhart
mesh_terms: D027721:Amaranthus / Q000737:chemistry*; D003373:Coumaric Acids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D006868:Hydrolysis; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D003373:Coumaric Acids; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D011134:Polysaccharides; C004999:ferulic acid