Fluorescence imaging of tumors in vivo.
We review recent progress in tumor imaging in vivo using fluorescent tags, highlight the problems of fluorescence imaging in small animals, discuss recent advances in near-infrared fluorochromes and quantum dots, and point to some future possibilities. GFP-based fluorescence imaging is briefly discussed. The authors believe that improvements in near-infrared fluorochromes are required to enable practical imaging in tissues at centimeter depths.
Ballou
Byron
B
Molecular Biosensor and Imaging Center, Department of Biology, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. bbal@andrew.cmu.edu
Ernst
Lauren A
LA
Waggoner
Alan S
AS
D000818:Animals; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D015335:Molecular Probes / Q000737:chemistry; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D045663:Quantum Dots; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared / Q000379:methods
D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D015335:Molecular Probes