title: Endoscopic management and follow up of Dieulafoy lesion in the upper gastrointestinal tract.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dieulafoy's lesion is an important cause of upper gastrointestinal bleeding, and the safety and efficacy of endoscopic treatment have been widely accepted. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effectiveness of endoscopic management, including hemoclipping and injection methods, for bleeding Dieulafoy lesions in the upper gastrointestinal tract.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1995 and 2003, 61 patients with bleeding Dieulafoy lesions underwent endoscopic treatment. The available hemostatic methods were hemoclipping, hypertonic saline-epinephrine injection, and pure ethanol injection. Clinical data, endoscopic features, and treatment outcome were analyzed retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Comorbid conditions were present in 39 patients (64 %). Active bleeding was noted in 20 patients (33 %). Hemoclipping was a selected treatment in 48 patients (79 %). Initial hemostasis was achieved in 61 patients (100 %). One patient had rebleeding 6 days after the initial procedure but was successfully treated endoscopically. The 30-day mortality was 0 %. During follow-up, for a mean of 47 months, 15 patients (25 %) died of causes unrelated to the Dieulafoy lesion. Two patients had recurrent bleeding due to non-Dieulafoy gastric ulcer, and responded to endoscopic therapy. We encountered no patients who required surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dieulafoy lesion can be successfully managed by endoscopic treatment. The long-term outcome is acceptable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Ogaki Municipal Hospital, Japan.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sone
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kumada
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toyoda
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hisanaga
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kiriyama
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanikawa
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001165:Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004378:Duodenal Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004386:Duodenum / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016558:Hemostasis, Endoscopic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013270:Stomach / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology; D013272:Stomach Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome