title: One-gland exploration for mediastinal parathyroid adenomas: cervical and thoracoscopic approaches.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In patients with sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism, preoperative localization studies may discover a solitary mediastinal parathyroid adenoma. In this circumstance a 1-gland mediastinal exploration, either cervical or thoracoscopic, may be curative.
  
  
  METHODS
  In an 18-month period, 5 of 120 consecutive patients underwent an initial 1-gland mediastinal exploration for a solitary mediastinal parathyroid adenoma and 2 patients had a 1-gland mediastinal exploration for persistent hyperparathyroidism. Clinical presentation, imaging studies, surgical techniques, and outcomes were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sestamibi scans showed a mediastinal parathyroid adenoma in all 7 patients. Computed tomography provided anatomic localization of middle mediastinal parathyroid adenomas. A cervical approach was used in 4 patients who had a superior mediastinal parathyroid adenoma. Thoracoscopic excision was performed in 3 patients with a middle mediastinal parathyroid adenoma. No complications occurred. Calcium and parathyroid hormone levels normalized in all patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sporadic primary hyperparathyroidism caused by a solitary mediastinal parathyroid adenoma can be treated successfully with 1-gland mediastinal exploration either by a cervical or a thoracoscopic approach as indicated by localization imaging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Virginia Mason Medical Center, 1100 Ninth Ave., C6-GSurg, P.O. Box 900, Seattle, WA 98101, USA.
authors.forename: Rockson C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ryan
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008482:Mediastinum; D008875:Middle Aged; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D016105:Parathyroidectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi; D013906:Thoracoscopy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi