title: [The place of estramustine in the treatment of prostate cancer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prostate cancer is a dynamic disease. Androgen ablation is palliative, and does not cure advanced prostate cancer. The hormone-sensitive cells die, and the hormone-resistant cells come into excess; the disease then progresses, which results in a deterioration of the condition of the patient. The theoretical basis of the curing strategy is the fact that the prostate tumour itself changes during the progression; the molecular determinants of the resistance are present in the varying stages of the disease. The treatment of advanced prostate cancer remains unsolved; it is a well-known fact that a hormone-resistant state develops after the primary treatment forms (androgen withdrawal). The drug of choice for the secondary treatment is estramustine. This can be utilized as monotherapy or in combination.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the present study, the results of estramustine treatment of 79 patients with advanced prostate cancer were evaluated. The preparation, known and clinically applied for more than 20 years, was studied in 12 centres.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean prostate-specific antigen level improved for 6 months, but rose from the 9th month on. The improvement in the subjective condition of the patients paralleled the change in the prostate-specific antigen level. The shortness of the improvement was a consequence of the very high prostate-specific antigen level and the poor general condition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Estramustine administration is recommended when the prostate-specific antigen level becomes more than doubled following the primary treatment. At a starting prostate-specific antigen level of >100 ng/ml, the treatment leads to total androgen blockade. If the prostate-specific antigen level has not decreased after treatment for 3 months, the secondary strategy is to apply chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Szegedi Tudományegyetem Altalános Orvostudományi Kar, Urológiai Tanszék, Szeged.
authors.forename: Olivér
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pintér
authors.forename: Csaba
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tóth
authors.forename: Zoltán
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Szabó
authors.forename: József
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lipták
authors.forename: Pál
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fél
authors.forename: György
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Papp
authors.forename: Endre
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Holman
authors.forename: Lajos
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hazay
authors.forename: Béla
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Streit
authors.forename: László
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kisbenedek
authors.forename: Miklós
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fehér
authors.forename: István
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kocsis
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004961:Estramustine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D004961:Estramustine; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen