title: Determination of metal concentration in fat supplements for swine nutrition by atomic absorption spectroscopy.
abstract: The presence of some essential and toxic metals in fat supplements for swine diet was investigated. Collected samples represented a relevant production of the Italian industry. In particular, some samples were enriched with antioxidants or waste cooking oils. The method for the determination of Ca, Cu, Cd, Fe, Mg, Mn, Ni, Pb, and Zn in fat samples was developed by means of a certified reference material (CRM 186) and a representative fatty sample (RFS). All samples were digested in closed vessels in a microwave oven and then analyzed by flame atomic absorption or graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry. The entire analytical method provided a satisfactory repeatability and reproducibility confirmed by agreement between the experimental recovery data obtained for the CRM 186 sample and, with the method of standard additions, for the RFS material. The samples generally showed a small amount of metals compared with the recommended daily intake for the essential elements. On the other hand, some samples contained a significant concentration, from an analytical point of view, of Cd, Ni, and Pb. Principal component analysis (PCA) was applied to inspect the experimental data obtained from samples analysis. Basically no differences were detected in terms of metal concentration among the fat supplements analyzed.
authors.affiliation: University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Department of Chemistry, via Campi 183, 41100 Modena, Italy.
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cocchi
authors.forename: Valerio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Faeti
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Manfredini
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Manzini
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marchetti
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sighinolfi
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000032:analysis*; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000032:analysis*; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008670:Metals / Q000032:analysis*; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D008670:Metals