title: Effect of perductal paclitaxel exposure on the development of MNU-induced mammary carcinoma in female S-D rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Breast carcinoma and precancer are thought to start in the lining of the milk duct or lobule.
  
  
  METHODS
  At 5weeks of age, rats received a intraperitoneal (ip) injection of MNU for carcinogenesis. After mammary tumors were identified macroscopically using fiberscope, the rats were treated with perductal (pd) or ip injection of paclitaxel tri-weekly. At 36 weeks after MNU injection, tumor burden (No. of >1cm palpable mammary tumors/rat), total number of mammary carcinoma, apoptosis (AI), and microvessel density (MVD) were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The administration of paclitaxel through the duct did not produce any toxic side effect. The tumor burden and total number of mammary carcinoma in the pd paclitaxel-treated group were significantly reduced compared to those seen in the ip paclitaxel-treated group. In addition, in the pd paclitaxel-treated group, AI was also increased and MVD was decreased, compared to those in the ip paclitaxel-treated group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Local administration of paclitaxel may be useful for treatment of breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Moriguchi, Osaka, 570-8506, Japan.
authors.forename: Homa
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okugawa
authors.forename: Daigo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uemura
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sakaida
authors.forename: Akihide
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanano
authors.forename: Kanji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamiyama
mesh_terms: D000477:Alkylating Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000818:Animals; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D007263:Infusions, Parenteral; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal; D015674:Mammary Neoplasms, Animal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental; D008770:Methylnitrosourea / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000477:Alkylating Agents; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D008770:Methylnitrosourea; D017239:Paclitaxel