title: Combined pH/organic solvent gradient HPLC in analysis of forensic material.
abstract: A combined pH/organic solvent linear gradient mode in high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) is presented as a new approach to determination of low concentrations of ionogenic analytes in biological material. The approach consists in simultaneous development of linear gradients of pH and organic modifier in the mobile phase. Advantages of the method are illustrated in postmortem analysis of opipramol in material from suicide victims. Very narrow peaks without tailing were obtained and several times lower limits of analyte quantitation were achieved using ultraviolet detection as compared to a standard isocratic method. The double gradient HPLC method seems to be especially valuable in case of ionogenic analytes dispersed in complex biological matrices. That is due to a high selectivity of the double gradient method and the lack of peak tailing, which is commonly observed for basic analytes chromatographed at isocratic conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacodynamics, Medical University of Gdańsk, Gen. J. Hallera 107, 80 416 Gdańsk, Poland.
authors.forename: Paweł
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wiczling
authors.forename: Michał J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Markuszewski
authors.forename: Michał
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaliszan
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Galer
authors.forename: Roman
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kaliszan
mesh_terms: D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D049429:Forensic Pathology / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000652:urine*; D012997:Solvents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D009930:Organic Chemicals; D012997:Solvents