title: Stereoselective pharmacokinetics of tetrahydropalmatine after oral administration of (-)-enantiomer and the racemate.
abstract: Tetrahydropalmatine (THP) is a biologically active ingredient isolated from a traditional Chinese herb Rhizoma corydalis (yanhusuo). THP is a racemic mixture which contains 50% of the (+) and 50% of (-) enantiomer. The (-) enantiomer accounts for most of the analgesic effects. Plasma concentrations of THP enantiomers were analyzed by chiral high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) on a Chiralcel OJ column with quantification by UV at 230 nm. The method was used to determine the pharmacokinetics of THP enantiomers in rats and dogs after oral administration of rac-THP or (-)-THP. The pharmacokinetic profiles of the two enantiomers after dosing with rac-THP were significantly different both in rats and dogs. The mean C(max) and AUC(0-infinity) values in rats were 1.93 +/- 0.36 microg/ml and 6.65 +/- 2.34 microg x h/ml for the (-) enantiomer, and 1.11 +/- 0.25 microg/ml and 2.03 +/- 0.45 microg x h/ml for the (+) enantiomer. The mean C(max) and AUC(0-infinity) in dogs were 1.60 +/- 0.81 microg/ml and 9.88 +/- 2.58 microg x h/ml for the (-) enantiomer, while 0.36 +/- 0.21 microg/ml and 1.22 +/- 0.40 microg x h/ml for the (+) enantiomer. rac-THP at 40 mg/kg and (-)-THP at 20 mg/kg had very similar plasma concentration-time profiles, and C(max), AUC(0-infinity), and t(1/2) of the (-) enantiomer in both rats and dogs, indicating that the two treatments were equivalent with respect to the pharmacokinetic properties of the (-) enantiomer.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai Key Laboratory for Pharmaceutical Metabolites Research, Shanghai, Peoples Republic of China.
authors.forename: Zhanying
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Guorong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Yifeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.forename: Xueping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Yutian
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001600:Berberine Alkaloids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D001682:Biological Availability; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008956:Models, Chemical; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013997:Time Factors; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D001600:Berberine Alkaloids; C014215:tetrahydropalmatine