title: Computer vision syndrome: a review.
abstract: As computers become part of our everyday life, more and more people are experiencing a variety of ocular symptoms related to computer use. These include eyestrain, tired eyes, irritation, redness, blurred vision, and double vision, collectively referred to as computer vision syndrome. This article describes both the characteristics and treatment modalities that are available at this time. Computer vision syndrome symptoms may be the cause of ocular (ocular-surface abnormalities or accommodative spasms) and/or extraocular (ergonomic) etiologies. However, the major contributor to computer vision syndrome symptoms by far appears to be dry eye. The visual effects of various display characteristics such as lighting, glare, display quality, refresh rates, and radiation are also discussed. Treatment requires a multidirectional approach combining ocular therapy with adjustment of the workstation. Proper lighting, anti-glare filters, ergonomic positioning of computer monitor and regular work breaks may help improve visual comfort. Lubricating eye drops and special computer glasses help relieve ocular surface-related symptoms. More work needs to be done to specifically define the processes that cause computer vision syndrome and to develop and improve effective treatments that successfully address these causes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Texas at Houston, Hermann Eye Center, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Clayton
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Blehm
authors.forename: Seema
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vishnu
authors.forename: Ashbala
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khattak
authors.forename: Shrabanee
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mitra
authors.forename: Richard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Yee
mesh_terms: D001248:Asthenopia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D016288:Computer Terminals; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006804:Ergonomics; D019466:Glare; D006801:Humans; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy