title: Two cases of pineal germinoma with granulomatous inflammation.
abstract: We report two cases of pineal germinoma with remarkable chronic granulomatous inflammation. In the first case, the pineal mass was totally removed via an occipital transtentorial approach as symptoms were due to direct mass effect. In the second case, endoscopic third ventriculostomy and tissue biopsy was performed to alleviate worsening hydrocephalus. Pathological examination of specimens of both cases showed chronic granulomatous inflammation associated with a few germ cell tumor nests, which demonstrated positive staining for placental alkaline phosphatase. Both patients received post-operative craniospinal irradiation with no subsequent neurological deficits. Follow-up magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of the second case showed an asymptomatic, shrunken residual tumor mass. MRI of the first case showed no residual or recurrent disease. Thus, a pineal mass with unusual features on MRI and chronic granulomatous inflammation on histopathology, should raise the suspicion of germinoma. In cases with symptomatic mass effect, open resection can be considered. In cases with lesser mass effect, conventional therapeutic modalities without resection can achieve a good outcome, as for other germinomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Chonnam National University Research Institute of Medical Sciences, Gwangju, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kyung-Sub
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Min-Cheol
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyo-Cheol
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Cheon
authors.forename: In-Young
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jung-Kil
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Tae-Sun
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sam-Suk
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004724:Endoscopy; D018237:Germinoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006099:Granuloma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D010871:Pinealoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D014696:Ventriculostomy
chemical_list: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase