title: Fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography as an outcome measure for castrate metastatic prostate cancer treated with antimicrotubule chemotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Standard imaging studies are limited as outcome measures for patients with metastatic prostate cancer. We tested the hypothesis that serial fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography (FDG-PET) scans can serve as an outcome measure for patients with castrate metastatic prostate cancer treated with antimicrotubule chemotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  FDG-PET scans were done at baseline, 4, and 12 weeks of treatment. The average maximum standardized uptake value (SUVmaxavg) was measured in up to five lesions and was tested as the quantitative outcome measure. Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) at 4 weeks and PSA, bone scan, and soft tissue imaging at 12 weeks were considered standard outcome measures. The change in SUVmaxavg that distinguished clinically assessed progression from nonprogression was sought.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-two PET scans were reviewed and compared with PSA at 4 weeks; 18 PETs were compared at 12 weeks with standard outcome measures. Applying the PSA Working Group Consensus Criteria guideline that a 25% PSA increase constitutes progression to the SUVmaxavg, PET correctly identified the clinical status of 20 of 22 patients (91%) at 4 weeks and 17 of 18 patients at 12 weeks (94%). The accuracy of PET could be further optimized if a >33% increase in PSA and SUVmaxavg were used to define progression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  FDG-PET is promising as an outcome measure in prostate cancer. As a single modality, it can show treatment effects that are usually described by a combination of PSA, bone scintigraphy, and soft tissue imaging. Preliminarily, a >33% increase in SUVmaxavg or the appearance of a new lesion optimally dichotomizes patients as progressors or nonprogressors.
authors.affiliation: Genitourinary Oncology Service, Department of Medicine, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer , New York, New York 10021, USA. morrism@mskcc.org
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: Timothy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akhurst
authors.forename: Steven M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Larson
authors.forename: Marisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ditullio
authors.forename: Elaina
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Siedlecki
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Verbel
authors.forename: Glenn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Heller
authors.forename: W Kevin
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Slovin
authors.forename: Lawrence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.forename: Howard I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Scher
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018450:Disease Progression; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008870:Microtubules / Q000187:drug effects; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009919:Orchiectomy; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen