title: Against the tide: Kurt Karl Stephan Semm (1927-2003).
authors.affiliation: Center for Health Care Ethics, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center and the UCLA School of Medicine (Emeritus). morgenstern@cshs.org.
authors.forename: Leon
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Morgenstern
mesh_terms: D005858:Germany; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D020706:Laparoscopes / Q000266:history; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000266:history*