title: Clinical advantages of total cavopulmonary anastomosis without cardiopulmonary bypass.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate surgical methods and results of extracardiac conduit total cavopulmonary anastomosis (EC-TCPA) without cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).
  
  
  METHODS
  From May 2000 to April 2003, 11 patients with functional univentricle underwent off-pump EC-TCPA (no-CPB group). Their postoperative outcome was retrospectively compared with a 17-patient group who underwent EC-TCPA with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB group) over a concurrent time period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was 1 operative death in no-CPB group and 2 in CPB group; early postoperative hemodynamics appeared to significantly improve in no-CPB group. Blood and platelet transfusions decreased and blood plasma transfusion significantly lowered in no-CPB group compared with CPB group (P = 0.036). Postoperative courses of patients in no-CPB group were smooth and event free, and extubation time was substantially short Intensive cares unit stay (P = 0.04) and hospital stay (P = 0.02) postoperation were significantly shorter, hospital costs were significantly reduced (P = 0.004) in no-CPB group compared with CPB group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EC-TCPA without use of CPB is not a difficult procedure; the procedure results in improvement in postoperative hemodynamics, and decreased use of blood and blood products. It is a more efficient operation with more short recovery time and reduced hospital stay.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Institute and Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences & Peking Union Medical College, Beijing 100037. chujunmin@sina.com
authors.forename: Jun-min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Qing-yu
authors.initials: QY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jian-ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018610:Heart Bypass, Right / Q000379:methods*; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies