title: Exercise hemodynamics of bovine versus porcine bioprostheses: a prospective randomized comparison of the mosaic and perimount aortic valves.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This prospective randomized study compares a porcine with a bovine bioprosthesis in the aortic position with regard to hemodynamic performance during exercise.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between August of 2000 and December of 2002, 136 patients underwent aortic valve replacement with the porcine Medtronic Mosaic (n = 66) or the bovine Carpentier-Edwards Perimount (n = 70) bioprosthesis. Transthoracic echocardiography was performed to assess hemodynamic and dimensional data preoperatively and 10 months postoperatively; the latter follow-up included stress echocardiography with treadmill exercise.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At rest and during exercise (25 and 50 W), there was a significant difference in mean pressure gradient between the bovine and the porcine valves with labeled sizes 21 and 23, with superiority of the Perimount prosthesis. There was no difference in effective orifice area and incidence of patient-prosthesis mismatch among all sizes. The left ventricular mass index decreased significantly within 10 months postoperatively in the size 23 bovine group and the size 25 porcine group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data show a significant superiority of pressure gradients for the bovine bioprosthesis, especially with small valve sizes, when compared with the porcine device, which is more distinctive during exercise.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, German Heart Center Munich, Lazarettstrasse 36, 80636 Munich, Germany. eichinger@dhm.mhn.de
authors.forename: Walter B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Eichinger
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Botzenhardt
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Keithahn
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guenzinger
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bleiziffer
authors.forename: Ina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bauernschmitt
authors.forename: Ruediger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lange
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D001705:Bioprosthesis / Q000592:standards*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002417:Cattle; D004452:Echocardiography; D015444:Exercise; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis / Q000592:standards*; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D006801:Humans; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D011475:Prosthesis Failure; D017755:Prosthesis Fitting; D012146:Rest; D013318:Stroke Volume; D013552:Swine; D016896:Treatment Outcome