title: A comprehensive snapshot of States' small group market reforms on insurer pricing & rating practices, 1999.
abstract: This paper presents a qualitative analysis of states' small group health insurance reforms that impact small group premiums, mostly enacted by the states during 1996-99, following the federal Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act in 1996. It draws from an intensive review of statutes of 48 states and the District of Columbia as of 1999. It analyses regulations related to insurer pricing and rating practices concerning rating criteria and rating bands, pricing incentives, premium stability from year to year, minimum loss rations, reinsurance and carve-out coverage for the medically uninsurable. It also covers regulations targeting employer purchasing and coverage practices such as pooled purchasing and adverse selection. This is the second of a two-part series analyzing states' small group market reforms, the first being devoted to state reforms to promote access and improving the value of health plans offered in this market (Xirasagar et al. 2004). The variety in pricing and rating reforms illustrate the differences in the depth of reforms across states, and represent a far wider range of potential actuarial combinations than the sample of reforms documented in past literature.
authors.affiliation: University of South Carolina, School of Public Health, Department of Health Services Policy & Management, Columbia, SC, USA. sxirasar@sc.edu
authors.forename: Sudha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Xirasagar
authors.forename: Carleen H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Stoskopf
authors.forename: William R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Shrader
authors.forename: Saundra H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Glover
mesh_terms: D018166:Health Care Reform; D020408:Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act; D015273:Insurance Selection Bias; D007348:Insurance, Health / Q000191:economics* / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D036301:Qualitative Research; D011907:Rate Setting and Review / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D013219:State Government; D014481:United States