title: The Research on Adverse Drug Events and Reports (RADAR) project.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In 1998, a multidisciplinary team of investigators initiated RADAR (Research on Adverse Drug events And Reports), a clinically based postmarketing surveillance program that systematically investigates and disseminates information describing serious and previously unrecognized adverse drug and device reactions (ADRs).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the structure, operations, and preliminary findings from the RADAR project and related dissemination efforts by pharmaceutical suppliers and the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA).
  
  
  METHODS
  After identifying a serious and unexpected clinical event suitable for further investigation, RADAR collaborators postulated clinical hypotheses and derived case series and incidence estimates from physician queries, published and unpublished clinical trials, published case reports, FDA databases, and manufacturer sales figures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  RADAR investigators identified 16 types of serious ADRs among 1699 patients, of whom 169 (10%) died as a result of the reaction. Initial cases were identified by 7 RADAR investigators, 4 collaborating physicians, 2 attorneys, and by reviewing 3 published reports. Additional sources included queries of occupational health programs and medical directors of interventional cardiology laboratories (3 types of ADRs), published manuscripts and clinical trials (11 types of ADRs), review of medical records at a RADAR site (2 types of ADRs), unpublished clinical trial reports (3 types of ADRs), and reports from attorneys, family members, or patients (4 types of ADRs). Incidence estimates, ranging from 0.4% to 33%, were derived from 5 clinical trial reports, 2 physician queries, and 2 observational databases. Laboratory support for hypotheses included identification of 3 neutralizing antibodies and 3 histopathological findings. ADR reports were disseminated as 8 revised package inserts, 7 "dear doctor" letters, and 9 peer-reviewed articles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A new, clinically based, hypothesis-driven approach to postmarketing surveillance may supplement existing regulatory surveillance systems and improve patient safety.
authors.affiliation: Jesse Brown VA Medical Center/Mid-West Center for Health Services and Policy Research, Chicago, Ill 60611, USA. cbenne@northwestern.edu
authors.forename: Charles L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: Jonathan R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Nebeker
authors.forename: E Allison
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Lyons
authors.forename: Matthew H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Samore
authors.forename: Marc D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Feldman
authors.forename: June M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: McKoy
authors.forename: Kenneth R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Carson
authors.forename: Steven M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Belknap
authors.forename: Steven M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Trifilio
authors.forename: Glen T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Schumock
authors.forename: Paul R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Yarnold
authors.forename: Charles J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Davidson
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Evens
authors.forename: Timothy M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Kuzel
authors.forename: Jorge P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Parada
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cournoyer
authors.forename: Dennis P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: Oliver
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sartor
authors.forename: Martin S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Tallman
authors.forename: Dennis W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Raisch
mesh_terms: D016907:Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems