title: Metachronous adrenal masses in resected non-small cell lung cancer patients: therapeutic implications of laparoscopic adrenalectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In literature only few reports focused on the resection of solitary adrenal gland metastasis in patients operated on for non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We report our experience on laparoscopic adrenalectomy for suspected or confirmed metachronous solitary adrenal metastasis from NSCLC and discuss its therapeutic role.
  
  
  METHODS
  From June 1993 to March 2003, 14 patients (pts), who had been undergone lung resection for NSCLC, with suspected or confirmed solitary adrenal gland metastasis at the follow-up, underwent 15 laparoscopic adrenalectomy (in 1 patient it was bilateral). All the patients had enlarged adrenal glands at the abdominal ultrasound or CT. All but 2 pts underwent at least 1 adrenal fine needle aspiration. All the patients underwent a careful staging to exclude other sites of metastasis. The adrenal gland was in 6 cases the right, in 9 cases the left.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 7 cases we had a preoperative cytological diagnosis of metastasis. In 1 case adrenalectomy was not performed because of infiltration of vena cava and in 1 case it was necessary to perform a small laparotomy because of bleeding. The pathologic examination confirmed in 11 cases a NSCLC metastasis while in 4 cases it was a cortical adenoma. Regarding the 10 patients with NSCLC metastases, 3 are still alive and well at 37-80 months from the lung resection. One patient (who underwent bilateral adrenalectomy) is still alive at 44 months with local relapse. Two patients died 5 and 6 months after the adrenalectomy for other causes, 1 died at 14 months for local and systemic relapse and the remaining 3 patients died at 12 to 38 months for systemic relapse.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic adrenalectomy in patients resected for NSCLC is a safe mini-invasive procedure. Even though this series is still too small, laparoscopic adrenalectomy should be considered an effective therapeutic tool in case of progressive adrenal gland enlargement, also with negative cytological examinations. A bigger series and other institution experiences will clarify its oncological value.
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, Cardiac and Thoracic Department, University of Pisa, Via Paradisa 2, Pisa 56124, Italy. m.lucchi@med.unipi.it <m.lucchi@med.unipi.it>
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lucchi
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dini
authors.forename: Marcello Carlo
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ambrogi
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Berti
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Materazzi
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Miccoli
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mussi
mesh_terms: D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery*; D000315:Adrenalectomy / Q000379:methods*; D000368:Aged; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015996:Survival Rate