title: Individual QT-R-R relationship: average stability over time does not rule out an individual residual variability: implication for the assessment of drug effect on the QT interval.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Universal QT correction formulae have been shown to under or overcorrect the QT interval duration. Individual QT-R-R modeling has been proposed as a preferable solution for heart rate correction of QT intervals. However, the QT-R-R relationship stability over time needs to be evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  The present report is part of randomized, double-dummy, and placebo-controlled 4-way crossover phase 1 study (48 healthy volunteers). Each randomized period included a run-in placebo day followed the day after by drug administration, with moxifloxacin as a positive control for QT interval measurement. Digital Holter ECG data were analyzed using the "bin" approach. For each period, individual QT-R-R relationship were calculated using two different models (linear and parabolic log-log models).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean intrasubject variability for the alpha coefficient of the linear modeling (SDintra = 0.011 +/- 0.005) reached 28.6 +/- 10.2%. When the parabolic model was considered, the SDintra was 0.026 +/- 0.009 for the alpha coefficient. The QT-R-R relationship variability was in part related to long-term RR changes (R2 = 30%, P < 0.05). However, no significant time effect (ANOVA) was evidenced for QT-R-R coefficients. Moxifloxacin significantly increased the alpha coefficient of the QT-R-R relationship from 0.07 +/- 0.018 to 0.085 +/- 0.019, P < 0.05 (linear model).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The individual QT-R-R relationship shows a residual variability in part related to long-term autonomic changes. In addition, the QT-R-R relationship might be modulated by the drug tested. As a consequence, pretherapy QT-R-R relationship obtained in a given patient cannot be used as a fingerprint throughout a drug trial.
authors.affiliation: Lariboisière Hospital, Paris, France. fabrice.extramiana@lrb.ap-hop-paris.fr
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Extramiana
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maison-Blanche
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Badilini
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Beaufils
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leenhardt
mesh_terms: D001372:Aza Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D015716:Electrocardiography, Ambulatory / Q000187:drug effects*; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000187:drug effects*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D000077266:Moxifloxacin; D011804:Quinolines / Q000494:pharmacology; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
chemical_list: D001372:Aza Compounds; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D011804:Quinolines; D000077266:Moxifloxacin