Reconstruction of Hyman's second pacemaker.
Though journal articles and newspaper reports suggest that three Hyman pacemakers existed or were intended; a patent, descriptive photographs and a written description of an earlier model and only a photograph of a later model exist. A replica of the earlier has been made based on the patent and description, and a new replica of the second based on a critical deconstruction and analysis of the photograph of the second with a modern circuit duplicating the function of the earlier circuit. Both replicas were "operational" in that stimuli were mimicked though not delivered and neither could under any circumstances actually resuscitate the heart. The design and construction of the second Hyman pacemaker are presented.
Furman
Seymour
S
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Montefiore Medical Center and the Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York 10467, USA. sfurman@montefiore.org
Szarka
George
G
Layvand
Dmitriy
D
D004867:Equipment Design; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial / Q000266:history*; D010330:Patents as Topic; D010781:Photography; D014481:United States