title: Therapeutic management of broncholithiasis.
abstract: Broncholithiasis is characterized by calcified perihilar and mediastinal lymph nodes eroding into the tracheobronchial tree. We report herein 4 cases of symptomatic broncholithiasis managed by surgical resection in 2 cases and bronchoscopic removal in 2 cases. From our experience and from the literature review, bronchoscopic removal should be considered in cases of uncomplicated and loose broncholithiasis, whereas surgical management should be chosen first in complicated cases such as obstructive pneumonitis, bronchiectasis, massive hemoptysis, and bronchoesophageal fistulas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Maison Blanche Hospital, Reims, France.
authors.forename: Franck
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Menivale
authors.forename: Gaëtan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Deslee
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vallerand
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Toubas
authors.forename: Gonzague
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Delepine
authors.forename: Pierre José
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Guillou
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lebargy
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000175:diagnosis; D001982:Bronchial Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000150:complications*