title: Regional differences of superoxide dismutase activity enhance the superoxide-induced electrical heterogeneity in rabbit hearts.
abstract: During myocardial ischemia and the subsequent reperfusion, free radicals are important intermediates of the cellular damage and rhythm disturbances. We examined the effects of superoxide radicals or hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2)) on the action potentials in isolated rabbit Purkinje fibers, atrial muscle and ventricular muscle. Reactive oxygen species (ROS) donors such as adriamycin, xanthine/xanthine oxidase and menadione induced prolongation of APD(90) in Purkinje fibers. Menadione (30 microM), the most specific superoxide radical donor, prolonged the action potential duration at 90% repolarization (APD(90)) by 17% in Purkinje fibers, whereas it shortened the APD by 57% in ventricular muscle, and it did not affect the atrial APD. All these menadione-induced effects were completely blocked by 2,2,6,6-tetramethyl- 1-peperadinyloxy, a superoxide radical scavenger. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity was lowest in Purkinje fibers, it was moderate in atrial muscle and highest in ventricular muscle. H(2)O(2) shortened the APDs of all three cardiac tissues in a concentration-dependent manner. These results suggest that the different electrical responses to O(2) ([Symbol: see text]-) in different cardiac regions may result from the regional differences in the SOD activity, thereby enhancing the regional electrical heterogeneity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Cardiovascular Research, Chonbuk National University, Medical School, Chonju 560-182, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: B H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: K-Ch
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Ha
authors.forename: J-A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Y-J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: J-Ch
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: G-I
authors.initials: GI
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: H-S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Y-J
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: S-W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.forename: Y-G
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Kwak
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D000818:Animals; D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type / Q000502:physiology; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology*; D011690:Purkinje Fibers / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D011817:Rabbits; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D020746:Calcium Channels, L-Type; D003497:Cyclic N-Oxides; D007093:Imidazoles; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013481:Superoxides; C079391:2-phenyl-4,4,5,5-tetramethylimidazoline-1-oxyl-3-oxide; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; C003959:TEMPO