title: Does a central MHC gene in linkage disequilibrium with HLA-DRB1*0401 affect susceptibility to type 1 diabetes?
abstract: Subtypes of HLA-DR4 are associated with susceptibility or protection against type 1 diabetes (T1DM). We addressed whether this reflects linkage disequilibrium with the true susceptibility locus by studying broader MHC haplotypes marked by alleles of HLA-B, IKBL (adjacent to TNFA) and complement C4. The study used a largely Caucasian cohort from Western Australia. HLA-DRB1*0401 and HLA-DRB1*0405 marked susceptibility to T1DM. In Caucasians, DRB1*0401 occurs predominantly in the 44.1 ancestral haplotype (AH; HLA-A2,B44, DRB1*0401,DQB1*0301) and the 62.1AH (HLA-A2,B15(62),DRB1*0401,DQB1*0302). HLA-B15 marked susceptibility and HLA-B44 marked with resistance to T1DM in patients and controls preselected for HLA-DRB1*0401. A gene between TNFA and HLA-B on the 8.1AH (HLA-A1,B8,;DR3,DQ2) modifies the effects of the class II alleles. Here, alleles characteristic of the 62.1AH (C4B3, IKBL+446*T and HLA-A2,B15) were screened in donors preselected for HLA-DRB1*0401. C4B3 was associated with diabetes, consistent with a diabetes gene telomeric of MHC class II. However, increases in carriage of IKBL+446*T and HLA-A2,B15 were marginal, as too few control subjects were available with the diabetogenic alleles. However, with these tools, selection of HLA-DRB1*0401, DQB1*0302 donors who are positive and negative for C4B3 will allow bidirectional mapping of diabetes genes in the central MHC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Immunology and Biochemical Genetics, Royal Perth Hospital, Perth, Australia.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Windsor
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Puschendorf
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Allcock
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sayer
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kucharzak
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gut
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: McCann
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Witt
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Christiansen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Price
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; C553505:HLA-DRB1*04:01 antigen