title: Apoptosis and differentiation induced by staurosporine in granulosa tumor cells is coupled with activation of JNK and suppression of p38 MAPK.
abstract: We report here that staurosporine can induce apoptosis or differentiation of granulosa tumor cells depending on its dosage. In presence of staurosporine concentrations > 50 nM, apoptosis was triggered in human granulosa cell tumor cells COV434. In the presence of concentrations < 50 nM, the shape of the otherwise globular granulosa cells differentiated into a flattened epithelioid-like appearance. The process was associated by the induction of prostaglandin synthase-2 (PGS-2) and C/EBPbeta expression and by an increase in progesterone production in the supernatant culture medium. The observed effects of staurosporine were synergized by forskolin. With phosphorylation-specific Western blotting and protein kinase assays, it was demonstrated that staurosporine suppresses the phosphorylation of p38 and activates JNK. These results suggest that p38MAPK and JNK signal transduction pathways were involved in the regulation of granulosa cell differentiation by staurosporine. These results may indicate the usefulness of staurosporine or its analogs for the development of a future medical treatment of granulosa tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Research and University Women's Hospital Basel, CH-4031 Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Marielle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vollmer
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: De Geyter
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dürrenberger
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: De Geyter
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta / Q000235:genetics; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005260:Female; D006106:Granulosa Cell Tumor / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D011374:Progesterone / Q000096:biosynthesis; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D019311:Staurosporine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta; D011374:Progesterone; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D019311:Staurosporine