title: Comparative evaluation of the efficacy and tolerability of itopride hydrochloride and domperidone in patients with non-ulcer dyspepsia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prokinetic drugs are widely used for treatment of non-ulcer dyspepsia (NUD).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the efficacy and tolerability of a new prokinetic agent, itopride hydrochloride in patients of NUD and compare it with domperidone.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-six patients who fulfilled the inclusion and exclusion criteria were enrolled in the study. Patients underwent upper gastrointestinal endoscopy to rule out organic pathology as a cause for their symptoms. The patient's symptoms were graded on a 4-point scale (0 to 3) at the beginning of treatment and at the end of Week-one and Week-two Patients were randomly allocated to receive either one tablet of itopride hydrochloride 50mg three times daily or one tablet of domperidone 10mg three times daily for two weeks. Pre-treatment and post-treatment hemogram, liver function and renal function tests, prolactin level and ECG were done in all patients. The response to therapy was evaluated by assessing the relief of symptoms at the end of two weeks on a 5-point scale. Statistical analysis was done using two-tailed paired t-test; Wilcoxon matched pairs ranks sum test, Mann-Whitney-U test and chi-square test as applicable.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the fifty-five patients enrolled in the study (age range of 18-60 yrs, median age of 35yrs), 26 were males and twenty nine were females. They had a median duration of symptoms for 4 weeks. Twenty-seven patients received itopride and 28 received domperidone. One patient did not follow up in the domperidone group, thus 54 patients were evaluable for analysis. Moderate to complete symptomatic relief was observed in 22 (81%) patients in the itopride group and 19 patients (70%) in the domperidone group (p > 0.05, NS). Both the drugs were well tolerated and neither caused prolongation of QT interval nor any abnormality in any serum biochemistry values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therapy with itopride resulted in good symptomatic relief, was safe, well tolerated and comparable in efficacy to domperidone in relieving the symptoms of NUD. By virtue of its efficacy and tolerability, it could be an ideal choice for providing symptomatic relief to patients suffering from non-ulcer dyspepsia.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Gastroenterology, LTM Medical College and LTM General Hospital, Sion, Mumbai, 400 022, India.
authors.forename: Prabha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sawant
authors.forename: H S
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: Nutan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kalokhe
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Patil
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001549:Benzamides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001593:Benzyl Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004294:Domperidone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005773:Gastroscopy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D001593:Benzyl Compounds; D004294:Domperidone; C102254:itopride