title: Multiple mechanisms are involved in the biliary excretion of acetaminophen sulfate in the rat: role of Mrp2 and Bcrp1.
abstract: Previous reports have demonstrated that sulfate metabolites may be excreted into bile by the multidrug resistance-associated protein 2 (Mrp2, Abcc2). Although recombinant human breast cancer resistance protein (BCRP, ABCG2) has affinity for sulfated xenobiotics and endobiotics, its relative importance in biliary excretion of sulfate metabolites in the intact liver is unknown. In the present studies, the potential contribution of Bcrp1 to the biliary excretion of acetaminophen sulfate (AS) was examined following acetaminophen administration (66 micromol, bolus) to isolated perfused livers (IPLs) from wild-type Wistar and Mrp2-deficient (TR(-)) Wistar rats in the presence or absence of the Bcrp1 and P-glycoprotein inhibitor, GF120918 [N-(4-[2-(1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-6,7-dimethoxy-2-isoquinolinyl)ethyl]-phenyl)-9,10-dihydro-5-methoxy-9-oxo-4-acridine carboxamide]. Recovery of AS in bile of TR(-) rat livers was approximately 5-fold lower relative to wild-type controls (0.3 +/- 0.1 versus 1.5 +/- 0.3 micromol). In the presence of GF120918, biliary excretion of AS was decreased approximately 2-fold in both TR(-) (0.16 +/- 0.09 micromol) and wild-type (0.8 +/- 0.3 micromol) rat IPLs. These changes were primarily due to alterations in the rate constant governing biliary excretion of AS, which was decreased approximately 90% in TR(-) relative to wild-type rat IPLs (0.02 +/- 0.01 versus 0.2 +/- 0.1 h(-1)) and was further decreased in the presence of GF120918 (0.010 +/- 0.003 and 0.12 +/- 0.05 h(-1); TR(-) and wild-type, respectively). In vitro assays indicated that impaired AS biliary excretion in the presence of GF120918 was due to inhibition of Bcrp1, and not P-glycoprotein. In conclusion, Mrp2 and, to a lesser extent, Bcrp1 mediate biliary excretion of AS in the intact liver.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, CB# 7360, Kerr Hall, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7360, USA.
authors.forename: Maciej J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Zamek-Gliszczynski
authors.forename: Keith A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Hoffmaster
authors.forename: Xianbin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Joseph W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Polli
authors.forename: Joan E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Humphreys
authors.forename: Lindsey O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Webster
authors.forename: Arlene S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Bridges
authors.forename: J Cory
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kalvass
authors.forename: Kim L R
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Brouwer
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000070997:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000166:Acridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001646:Bile / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000089762:Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010477:Perfusion; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D044005:Tetrahydroisoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000070997:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D000082:Acetaminophen; D000166:Acridines; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D000089762:Multidrug Resistance-Associated Protein 2; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins; D044005:Tetrahydroisoquinolines; C000715087:ABCC2 protein, human; C489249:Abcg2 protein, rat; C083501:Elacridar; C045667:acetaminophen sulfate ester