title: Major phytochemicals in apple cultivars: contribution to peroxyl radical trapping efficiency.
abstract: Forty-one samples of apples (peel plus pulp), obtained from eight cultivars, were examined for concentration of some important phytochemicals and for antioxidant activity expressed as peroxyl radical trapping efficiency. Five major polyphenolic groups plus ascorbate were identified and quantified by HPLC in the apple varieties. Oligomeric and polymeric proanthocyanidins were found to be about two-thirds of total polyphenols. The antioxidant efficiency of the apple extracts and of representative pure compounds for each group of phytochemicals was measured in a micellar system mimicking lipid peroxidation in human plasma. Although the amount of polyphenols measured by HPLC is similar to that measured by standard methods, the antioxidant efficiency calculated on the basis of the contribution of the pure compounds was lower than the antioxidant efficiency of the apple extracts. The higher efficiency of apples appears to be strictly related to the overwhelming presence of oligomeric proanthocyanidins.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Chimica Biologica, Università di Padova, via G. Colombo 3, 35121 Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vanzani
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rossetto
authors.forename: Adelio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rigo
authors.forename: Urska
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Vrhovsek
authors.forename: Fulvio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mattivi
authors.forename: Elvira
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: D'Amato
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scarpa
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000032:analysis; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000032:analysis; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D027845:Malus / Q000737:chemistry*; D010545:Peroxides / Q000737:chemistry*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis; D059808:Polyphenols
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D010545:Peroxides; D010636:Phenols; D059808:Polyphenols; C049375:perhydroxyl radical; D001205:Ascorbic Acid