title: Catechins prevent vascular smooth muscle cell invasion by inhibiting MT1-MMP activity and MMP-2 expression.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Regular consumption of green tea is associated with a reduced risk of mortality due to coronary diseases and cancer. The present study examined whether a green tea extract (GTE) inhibits activation of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), a major collagenase involved in vascular remodeling of atherosclerotic plaques, in vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of MMP-2 was assessed by Northern and Western blot analyses in human aortic VSMCs. MMP-2 activity was evaluated by zymography, membrane-type1-MMP (MT1-MMP, MMP-14) activity by an enzymatic assay, and cell invasion by a modified Boyden chamber assay. The thrombin-induced activation of secreted MMP-2 was abolished by GTE and the green tea polyphenols (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) and (-)-epicatechin-3-gallate (ECG). GTE reduced the expression of MMP-2 mRNA and protein. GTE, EGCG and ECG directly inhibited cell-associated MT1-MMP activity, the physiological activator of MMP-2, in a reversible manner. Thrombin-stimulated VSMCs invasion was abolished by EGCG and ECG, and reduced by GTE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GTE inhibits thrombin-induced VSMCs invasion most likely by preventing MMP-2 expression and its activation by a direct inhibition of MT1-MMP. The ability of green tea to prevent cell invasion and matrix degradation might contribute to its protective effect on atherosclerosis and cancer.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacologie et Physico-Chimie des Interactions Cellulaires et Moléculaires, UMR CNRS 7034, France.
authors.forename: Jasser
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: El Bedoui
authors.forename: Min-Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Oak
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Anglard
authors.forename: Valérie B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Schini-Kerth
mesh_terms: D001011:Aorta; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D015152:Blotting, Northern / Q000379:methods; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000379:methods; D002392:Catechin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002465:Cell Movement; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D053504:Matrix Metalloproteinases, Membrane-Associated; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D013662:Tea; D013917:Thrombin / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D013662:Tea; D002392:Catechin; C062669:epicatechin gallate; C045651:epigallocatechin gallate; D013917:Thrombin; D053504:Matrix Metalloproteinases, Membrane-Associated; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2