title: A cetylated fatty acid topical cream with menthol reduces pain and improves functional performance in individuals with arthritis.
abstract: This investigation was an extension of a previous study conducted in our laboratory in which we showed that 1 month of treatment with a topical cream (Celadrin) consisting of cetylated fatty acids was effective for reducing pain and improving functional performance in individuals with osteoarthritis (OA) of the knee (Kraemer et al., Journal of Rheumatology, 2004). We wanted to verify that the addition of menthol to the compound would produce a similar percentage of improvement in therapeutic effects. We used a single treatment group with a pre-post experimental design to examine % treatment changes. Individuals diagnosed with OA of the knee (N = 10; age, 66.4 +/- 11.5 years) and severe pain (e.g., OA, rheumatoid arthritis) of the elbow (N = 8; age, 59.1 +/- 18.2 years) and wrist (N = 10; age, 60.3 +/- 16.8 years) were tested for pain and functional performance before and after 1 week of treatment with a topical cream consisting of cetylated fatty acids and menthol applied twice per day. In individuals with knee OA, significant improvements in stair-climbing ability (about 12%), "up-and-go" performance (about 12%), balance and strength (about 16.5%), and range of motion (about 3.5%) were observed, as were reductions in pain. In individuals with severe pain of the elbow and wrist, significant improvements in dynamic (about 22 and 24.5%, respectively) and isometric (about 33 and 42%, respectively) local muscular endurance were observed, as was a reduction in pain. Neither group demonstrated significant changes in maximal grip strength or maximal force production. One week of treatment with a topical cream consisting of cetylated fatty acids and menthol was similarly effective for reducing pain and improving functional performance in individuals with arthritis of the knee, elbow, and wrist. The % changes were consistent with our prior work on the compound without menthol. Further work is needed to determine the impact of menthol in such a cream. Nevertheless, our data support the use of a topical cream consisting of cetylated fatty acids (with or without menthol) for enhancing the potential for exercise training in this population.
authors.affiliation: Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, Connecticut 06269, USA. William.Kramer@uconn.edu
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Kraemer
authors.forename: Nicholas A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Ratamess
authors.forename: Carl M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Maresh
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Jeff S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Volek
authors.forename: David P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Tiberio
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Joyce
authors.forename: Barry N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Messinger
authors.forename: Duncan N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: French
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Sharman
authors.forename: Martyn R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Rubin
authors.forename: Ana L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Gómez
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Silvestre
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Hesslink
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000368:Aged; D001168:Arthritis / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004550:Elbow; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007717:Knee; D008297:Male; D008610:Menthol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular / Q000187:drug effects; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014953:Wrist
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008610:Menthol