Dendritic cells in tolerance induction.
Regulatory T cells (Treg) in broader terms consist of different subsets of T cells that are characterized by their ability to suppress proliferation of conventional effector T cells by various means. To date three main groups of Treg can de distinguished, mainly by their functional properties. The regulatory T cell family: distinct subsets and their interrelations. Briefly, T regulatory (Tr)-1 cells as well as T helper (Th)-3 T cells express common T cell markers such as CD4 and are characterized by secretion of IL-10 and TGF-beta, which provides a means by which proliferation of conventional CD4(+) cells is blocked. In contrast, genuine Treg that are characterized by their expression of CD25 block T cell proliferation by an unknown cell to cell contact dependent mechanism. However, there are many overlapping features shared by the different subtypes of regulatory T cells and the common denominator is the production of regulatory cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-beta.
Enk
Alexander H
AH
Department of Dermatol., Univ. of Heidelberg, Vossstr. 2, D-69115 Heidelberg, Germany. alexander.enk@med.uni-heidelberg.de
D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10