title: A method for measuring the potential dermal exposure to methyl methacrylate during two different dental technical work tasks.
abstract: Dental technicians are exposed on a daily basis to undiluted methyl methacrylate (MMA) when performing various routine tasks. Although the clinical effects of this chemical have been known for decades, no previous studies have been performed to estimate the potential dermal exposure to it. In this study we describe a patch-sampling technique to intercept the MMA that would otherwise have contaminated the skin on different parts of the hand and lower arm. Two different work tasks, making an orthodontic splint and denture preparation, were both performed under simulated workplace conditions twice by two recent graduated dental technicians. Air measurements were collected simultaneously. The results indicate that the exposure patterns associated with producing an orthodontic splint and denture preparation differed. We found work task-dependent differences in the amounts of MMA collected at the different parts of each hand, and differences between the right and left hands. There was also an interaction between hand and work task, especially for the right hand. The air measurements were positively correlated with the dermal exposure. This study highlights the importance of using a measurement strategy that takes the variability within the hand/arm body parts into account when measuring potential exposure during these kinds of work tasks. In order to establish future dermal exposure limits, more workplace and experimental studies are required.
authors.affiliation: Occupational Medicine, Department of Public Health and Clinical Medicine, Umea University, S-901 87, Umea, Sweden. ingrid.liljelind@envmed.umu.se
authors.forename: Ingrid E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Liljelind
authors.forename: Kare A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Eriksson
authors.forename: Leif O
authors.initials: LO
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: I Birgitta M
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Jonsson
authors.forename: Ylva I
authors.initials: YI
authors.lastname: Burstrom
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis*; D003800:Dental Technicians; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D017575:Gloves, Protective; D006225:Hand; D006801:Humans; D007587:Job Description; D020366:Methylmethacrylate / Q000032:analysis*; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D013647:Task Performance and Analysis; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D020366:Methylmethacrylate