title: Nuclear factor {kappa}B inactivation in the rat liver ameliorates short term total warm ischaemia/reperfusion injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In hepatic ischaemia/reperfusion injury, activated liver macrophages (Kupffer cells) are dominantly regulated by a transcription factor, nuclear factor kappaB (NFkappaB), with respect to expression of inflammatory cytokines, acute phase response proteins, and cell adhesion molecules.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We assessed whether inactivation of NFkappaB in the liver could attenuate total hepatic warm ischaemia/reperfusion injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied rats with hepatic overexpression of inhibitor kappaBalpha super-repressor (IkappaBalpha SR) caused by a transgene introduced using an adenoviral vector. Hepatic ischaemia/reperfusion injury was induced under warm conditions by total occlusion of hepatoduodenal ligament structures for 20 minutes, followed by reperfusion. Controls included uninfected and control virus (AdLacZ) infected rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IkappaBalpha SR was overexpressed in Kupffer cells as well as in hepatocytes, blocking nuclear translocation of NFkappaB (p65) into the nucleus after reperfusion. Gene transfection with IkappaBalpha SR, but not with LacZ, markedly attenuated ischaemia/reperfusion injury, suppressing inducible nitric oxide synthase and nitrotyrosine expression in the liver. Moreover, no remarkable hepatocyte apoptosis was detected under IkappaBalpha SR overexpression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adenoviral transfer of the IkappaBalpha SR gene in the liver ameliorates short term warm ischaemia/reperfusion injury, possibly through attenuation of hepatic macrophage activation.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Surgery, Hyogo College of Medicine, 1-1 Mukogawa-cho, Nishinomiya, Hyogo 663-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suetsugu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Iimuro
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uehara
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishio
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hatano
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamaoka
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007728:Kupffer Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D014162:Transfection; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D016328:NF-kappa B; C000606206:Nfkbia protein, rat; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000072000:NF-KappaB Inhibitor alpha; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine; C027576:4-hydroxy-2-nonenal