title: Delay of gastric emptying measured by 13C-acetate breath test in neurologically impaired children with gastroesophageal reflux.
abstract: Delayed gastric emptying often occurs in patients, including children, with gastroesophageal reflux (GER) due to neurological impairment (NI). The aim of this study was to evaluate gastric emptying of liquids in children with symptomatic GER using the (13)C- acetate breath test (ABT), and to compare the gastric emptying rates between children without and with NI. Thirteen patients were divided into 2 groups: group I without NI (5 patients) and group II with NI (8 patients). The liquid test meal consisted of Racoltrade mark (5 ml/kg) mixed with (13)C- acetate (50 mg for infants, 100 mg for children, and 150 mg for adolescents). Breath samples were collected for (13)CO (2) measurement before the intake of the meal, every 15 minutes during the first 2 hours after the meal and every 30 minutes thereafter to assess the ingestion of (13)C- acetate and Racoltrade mark. (13)CO (2) was measured using a gas chromatograph-isotope ratio mass spectrometer. The results were expressed as % of (13)C expired per hour and cumulative (13)C excretion over a 3-hour period. The half excretion time in (13)C- ABT(t (1/2) ex) was 1.095 hour for group I and 1.817 hour for group II (p = 0.0045). The lag time (t lag), which reflected the initial delay of gastric emptying, was 0.666 h for group I and 1.002 h for group II (p = 0.0045). Gastric emptying studies can be easily and reliably carried out in children with NI using (13)C- ABT. We showed that we were able to determine the gastric emptying rate by (13)C- ABT in patients with GER due to NI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Third Internal Medicine, Endoscopy, First Surgery, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. okadata@med.hokudai.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Asaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Todo
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates; D000293:Adolescent; D001944:Breath Tests / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019988:Children with Disabilities; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000502:physiology; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018589:Gastroparesis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates