Stimulation of acyl-CoA oxidase by alpha-linolenic acid-rich perilla oil lowers plasma triacylglycerol level in rats.
The effect of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on hepatic peroxisomal oxidation was investigated with respect to the postprandial triacylglycerol levels. Male Sprague--Dawley rats were fed semipurified diets containing either 1% (w/w) corn oil, or 10% each of beef tallow, corn oil, perilla oil, and fish oil for 4 weeks and 4 days. Hepatic and plasma triacylglycerol levels were reduced in rats fed fish and perilla oil diets compared with corn oil and beef tallow diets. The peroxisomal beta-oxidation, catalase activity, and acyl-CoA oxidase (AOX) activity were markedly increased by fish oil feeding. To a lesser extent, perilla oil elevated AOX activity in a 4-day feeding although the effect gradually decreased in a 4-week feeding. Similarly, the mRNA levels were increased in rats fed fish and perilla oils. AOX activity was negatively correlated with postprandial triacylglycerol levels. In addition, the stimulation of AOX was highly associated with the content of long chain n-3 PUFA such as eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) in hepatic microsome. These effects were evident within 4 days of initiating feeding. Therefore, alpha-linolenic perilla oil exerts a similar effect to fish oil in stimulating hepatic activity and gene expression of AOX by enriching long chain n-3 PUFA in hepatic membrane fraction, which can partly account for the reduction of postprandial triglyceridemia.
Kim
Hye-Kyeong
HK
Department of Food and Nutrition, Seoul National University, Shillim-dong, Kwanak-gu, Seoul 151-742, Korea.
Choi
Haymie
H
D042962:Acyl-CoA Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008563:Membrane Lipids / Q000378:metabolism; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*
D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D008563:Membrane Lipids; D010938:Plant Oils; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014280:Triglycerides; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid; C058216:perilla seed oil; D002374:Catalase; D042962:Acyl-CoA Oxidase