title: Heartburn-dominant, uninvestigated dyspepsia: a comparison of 'PPI-start' and 'H2-RA-start' management strategies in primary care--the CADET-HR Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are few data on empiric, stepped therapy for heartburn relief or subsequent relapse in primary care.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare heartburn relief produced by a proton pump inhibitor-start or an H(2)-receptor antagonist-start with step-up therapy, as needed, followed by a treatment-free period to assess relapse.
  
  
  METHODS
  Heartburn-dominant uninvestigated dyspepsia patients from 46 primary care centres were randomized to one of two active treatment strategies: omeprazole 20 mg daily (proton pump inhibitor-start) or ranitidine 150 mg bid (H2-receptor antagonist-start) for the first 4-8 weeks, stepping up to omeprazole 40 or 20 mg daily, respectively, for 4-8 weeks for persistent symptoms. Daily diaries documented heartburn relief (score < or = 3/7 on < or = of 7 prior days) and relapse (score > or = 4 on > or = 2 of 7 prior days).
  
  
  RESULTS
  For 'proton pump inhibitor-start' (n = 196) vs. 'H2-receptor antagonist-start' (n = 194), respectively, heartburn relief occurred in 55.1% vs. 27.3% (P < 0.001) at 4 weeks and in 88.3% vs. 87.1% at 16 weeks. After therapy, 308 patients were heartburn-free (159 vs. 149); median times to relapse were 8 vs. 9 days and cumulative relapse rates were 78.6% vs. 75.8%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An empiric 'proton pump inhibitor-start' strategy relieves heartburn more effectively than an 'H2-receptor antagonist-start' strategy up to 12 weeks but has no effect on subsequent relapse, which is rapid in most patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada. armstro@mcmaster.ca
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.forename: S J O
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Veldhuyzen van Zanten
authors.forename: A N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Barkun
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chiba
authors.forename: A B R
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Thomson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Smyth
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sinclair
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: White
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004415:Dyspepsia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006356:Heartburn / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D011788:Quality of Life; D011899:Ranitidine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D006635:Histamine H2 Antagonists; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D011899:Ranitidine; D009853:Omeprazole