title: Penis reconstruction using three different operative methods.
abstract: To identify the relative success rates, including aesthetic success, of three penis reconstruction techniques, we reviewed 44 cases of penis reconstruction carried out over the past 12 years. The three operative methods we surveyed involved: lower abdominal pedicled fascia flaps; paraumbilical island flaps; and free forearm flaps. Reconstructions survived in only half of the patients receiving lower abdominal pedicled fascia flaps, but 100% success rates were obtained with paraumbilical island flaps and free forearm flaps. The paraumbilical island flap is safe in terms of its blood supply, and the operative procedure is relatively simple in that it does not require microsurgery. Although, the flap is thicker than the forearm skin flap, its shape is satisfactory in slim patients; furthermore, it can be defatted secondarily. The free forearm skin flap provides the best shape, but skilled microsurgery is necessary to carry out the procedure, and damage is likely to the forearm. In conclusion, the best methods to repair defects in the penis in our experience are the paraumbilical island flap and free forearm flap. Lower abdominal pedicled fascia flaps are unsuitable for penile reconstruction and should be used less often.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Nanfang Hospital, 1838 GuangZhou Road, GuangZhou 510515, China. doctorhzq@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Z Q
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hyakusoku
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000601:surgery; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005542:Forearm / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010413:Penis / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D013524:Surgical Flaps; D014472:Umbilicus / Q000601:surgery