title: Negative regulation of melanogenesis by phospholipase D1 through mTOR/p70 S6 kinase 1 signaling in mouse B16 melanoma cells.
abstract: Melanogenesis is a principal parameter of differentiation in melanocytes and melanoma cells. Our recent study has demonstrated that phospholipase D1 (PLD1) regulates the melanogenic signaling through modulating the expression of tyrosinase, the rate-limiting step enzyme in the melanin biosynthesis. The current study was designed to gain more insight into the involvement of PLD1 in the regulation of melanogenesis. To investigate the role of PLD1, we examined the effect of knockdown of endogenous PLD1 by small interference RNA (siRNA) on melanogenesis in B16 melanoma cells. It was shown that the melanin synthesis was induced in PLD1-knockdowned cells, and also that the level of melanin synthesis was well correlated with increases in expression level of tyrosinase and its related proteins (Tyrp1 and Dct). Furthermore, the reduction of expression levels of PLD1 by siRNA transfection was accompanied by diminution of ribosomal S6 kinase 1 (S6K1) phosphorylation. The activity of mammalian target of rapamycin (mTOR) is essential for phosphorylation of S6K1 and the treatment malanoma cells with rapamycin, a potent inhibitor of mTOR effectively induced melanogenesis. The results obtained here provide possible evidence that PLD1 exerts a negative regulatory role in the melanogenic process through mTOR/S6K1 signaling.
authors.affiliation: Gifu International Institute of Biotechnology, Kakamigahara, Gifu, Japan. kohguchi@giib.or.jp
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohguchi
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Banno
authors.forename: Yoshihito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akao
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nozawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D008543:Melanins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008545:Melanoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000378:metabolism; D010739:Phospholipase D / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000494:pharmacology; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008543:Melanins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; C015482:protein kinase modulator; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase; D011494:Protein Kinases; C546843:mTOR protein, mouse; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; C448901:ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70kD, polypeptide 1; D010739:Phospholipase D; C106801:phospholipase D1; D020123:Sirolimus