title: Cyclic AMP and AKAP-mediated targeting of protein kinase A regulates lactate dehydrogenase subunit A mRNA stability.
abstract: Expression of the lactate dehydrogenase A subunit (ldh-A) gene is controlled through transcriptional as well as post-transcriptional mechanisms. Both mechanisms involve activation of protein kinase A (PKA) into its subunits and subsequent phosphorylation and activation of several key regulatory factors. In rat C6 glioma cells, post-transcriptional gene regulation occurs through PKA-mediated stabilization of LDH-A mRNA and subsequent increase of intracellular LDH-A mRNA levels. Previous studies have demonstrated a cAMP-stabilizing region (CSR) located in the LDH-A 3'-untranslated region which, in combination with several phosphorylated CSR-binding proteins (CSR-BP), regulates the PKA-mediated stabilization of LDH-A mRNA. However, the mechanistic details of interaction of CSR with proteins as they pertain to mRNA stabilization by PKA are so far largely unknown. In this study we tested the hypothesis that ribosomal protein extracts (RSW) from glioma cells contain PKA regulatory (RII) and catalytic (C) subunits that, in combination with a protein kinase A anchoring protein (AKAP 95) and CSR-BPs participate in forming CSR-protein complexes that are responsible for mRNA stability regulation. To demonstrate the importance of CSR-protein complex formation, the PKA subunits and AKAP 95 were removed from the RSW by immunoprecipitation, and the antigen-deleted RSW were subjected to CSR binding analysis using gel mobility shift and UV cross-linking. It was shown that AKAP 95 as well as RII formed a direct linkage with CSR during CSR-protein complex formation. In contrast, the catalytic subunit formed part of the CSR-protein complex but did not bind to CSR directly in a covalent linkage. To determine whether formation of CSR complexes that included C, RII, and AKAP 95 constituted a functional event and was necessary for mRNA stabilization, cell-free decay reactions were carried out with RSW extracts, and the kinetics of decay of LDH-A mRNA was determined. Depletion of PKA subunits and AKAP 95 from RSW extracts by immunoprecipitation resulted in a marked loss of mRNA stabilization activity indicating that the presence of the PKA regulatory and catalytic subunits as well as AKAP 95 in the CSR-protein complexes was absolutely necessary to achieve LDH-A mRNA stabilization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular and Molecular Biology, Northwestern University Medical School, Chicago, Illinois 60611-3008, USA. rjungman@northwestern.edu
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Jungmann
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Kiryukhina
mesh_terms: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D054758:A Kinase Anchor Proteins; D000818:Animals; D020134:Catalytic Domain; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D054754:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase RIIalpha Subunit; D054757:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase RIIbeta Subunit; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005910:Glioma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D008027:Light; D009154:Mutation; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011485:Protein Binding; D012323:RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D020413:3' Untranslated Regions; D054758:A Kinase Anchor Proteins; C086194:Akap8 protein, rat; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D054754:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase RIIalpha Subunit; D054757:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase RIIbeta Subunit; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C517822:Prkar2a protein, rat; C517839:Prkar2b protein, rat; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases