Societal cost of workplace homicides in the United States, 1992-2001.
BACKGROUND
The Census of Fatal Occupational Injuries (CFOI) reported 8,672 workplace homicide victims between 1992 and 2001. Although rarely calculated, cost estimates are important for prevention and research efforts.


METHODS
Societal costs were estimated using the cost-of-illness approach applied to CFOI data. The cost calculation model incorporated medical expenses, future earnings summed from the year of death until the year the decedent would have been 67, and household production losses (includes activities such as child care and housework).


RESULTS
Workplace homicide had a total cost of nearly 6.5 billion dollars and a mean cost of 800,000 dollars between 1992 and 2001. The retail trade industry division had the highest number of homicides and total cost, 2.1 billion dollars, for males and 556,000 dollars for females.


CONCLUSIONS
Estimates of the cost of work-related homicides can be used to improve occupational injury prevention and control program planning, policy analysis, evaluation of safety and health interventions, and advocacy for a safer work environment.
Hartley
Daniel
D
National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, Division of Safety Research, Morgantown, West Virginia 26505-2888, USA. DHartley@cdc.gov
Biddle
Elyce A
EA
Jenkins
E Lynn
EL
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017281:Cost of Illness; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006708:Homicide / Q000191:economics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007221:Industry / Q000145:classification / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017059:Models, Econometric; D009314:National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health, U.S.; D016272:Occupational Health; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D026712:Value of Life / Q000191:economics*; D017132:Workplace / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*