title: Tumor-dendritic cell fusion as a basis for cancer immunotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish the basis for use of allogeneic dendritic-tumor fusion cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fusion cells were created by electrofusion. We used 2 allogeneic murine tumor lines (D5 and 4T1) that were virally transduced to express the antigen (beta-galactosidase) as a surrogate tumor marker.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cross-immunization was achieved with irradiated allogenic tumor cells. Successful electrofusion of dendritic cells and tumor cells was confirmed by using fluorescence-activated cell sorting and cytospin. Significant responses were shown in immunized mice against tumor challenge and established 3-day pulmonary metastasis with fusion cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Allogeneic tumor sharing a common tumor antigen can immunize against syngeneic tumor challenge. Fusion cells showed successful immunization against tumor challenge and showed regression of 3-day established pulmonary metastasis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These preclinical studies provide evidence that an allogenic tumor-dendritic cell fusion vaccine is a valid approach for head and neck cancer immunotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA. wlee_ccf@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Walter T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Hide
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kuriyama
authors.forename: Hiro
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Jorgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kjaergaard
authors.forename: Suyu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002459:Cell Fusion / Q000379:methods*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006822:Hybrid Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D007167:Immunotherapy; D007763:Lac Operon / Q000502:physiology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology; D014611:Vaccination; D001616:beta-Galactosidase
chemical_list: D001616:beta-Galactosidase