title: Benign positional vertigo after cochlear implantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify patients who underwent cochlear implantation (CI) and who subsequently developed benign positional vertigo (BPV) after the procedure and to identify any contributing factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic tertiary referral center. Cochlear implant recipients' medical records were retrospectively reviewed to identify patients with both vertigo and, more specifically, BPV. Preoperative, intraoperative, and postoperative factors were studied vis-a-vis the development of BPV.
  
  
  RESULTS
  BPV was newly diagnosed in 12 patients after CI. The etiology of hearing loss included presbycusis (16.6%), autoimmune inner ear disease (16.6%), congenital hearing loss (41.6%), Meniere's disease (8.3%), prematurity (8.3%), and idiopathic factors (8.3%). The onset of BPV varied after the procedure (mean +/- SD, 292 +/- 309 days). BPV symptoms did not affect implant performance. All patients were treated for BPV by Epley's maneuver and vestibular exercises. Symptoms disappeared in 11 patients and persisted in 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BPV is an uncommon development after CI, although it occurs more frequently than in the general population. Two theories are proposed: the introduction of bone dust into the labyrinth and the dislodging of otoconia during surgery. The diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of BPV after CI do not differ from those for non-CI-associated BPV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dizziness after CI usually develops as a result of vestibular hypofunction. BPV, which is a hyperfunctioning form of vestibular dysfunction, should be recognized as a possible sequelae of CI.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Outpatient Center, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21287, USA. climb@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Limb
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Lustig
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Niparko
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jammal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019929:Cochlear Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004244:Dizziness / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014717:Vertigo / Q000209:etiology*