Vascular changes in the subventricular zone after distal cortical lesions.
One of the effects of cortical lesions is to produce cell proliferation in the subventricular zone (SVZ), a neurogenic zone of the adult brain distal from the lesion. The mechanisms of these effects are unknown. Recent evidence points to a relationship between the vasculature and neurogenesis both in vitro and in vivo. In the present study, we asked whether cortical lesions induced vascular modifications in the distal SVZ in vivo. Lesions of the frontoparietal cortex were produced by thermocoagulation of pial blood vessels, a method that leads to highly reproducible loss of all cortical layers, sparing the corpus callosum and underlying striatum. These lesions induced increased immunoreactivity for vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) around the walls of SVZ vessels, at a considerable distance from the lesion. Vascular permeability was markedly increased in both the SVZ and RMS by 3 days after the injury. A dramatic increase in endothelial proliferation was followed by expansion of the local SVZ vascular tree 7 days after the injury. This time course corresponded to the proliferative changes in the SVZ, and a tight correlation was observed between the number of blood vessels and the increase in SVZ cell number. The data demonstrate that thermocoagulatory cortical lesions induce distal vascular changes that could play a role in lesion-induced SVZ expansion.
Gotts
Jeffrey E
JE
Department of Neurology, Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 710 Westwood Plaza, RNRC B114, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA.
Chesselet
Marie-Françoise
MF
D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000502:physiology; D020520:Brain Infarction / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000293:injuries* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D020547:Lateral Ventricles / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A