title: [Prevalence and risk factors for early postoperative infection after liver transplantation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze factors related to the development of infection soon after a liver transplant.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study of 1000 liver transplants in adults between 1991 and 2004. Pre-, intra- and postoperative variables of recipients were analyzed in 2 groups according to whether infection did or did not develop.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Infection developed in 151 patients. Bacterial infections were the most common type. Significant risk factors for infection in the multivariate analysis were sex (odds ratio [OR], 0.54; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.33-0.90); Child-Pugh stage (OR, 1.89; 95% CI, 1.29-2,77); hepatitis C virus cirrhosis (OR, 0.58; 95% CI, 0.34-0.99); post-reperfusion syndrome (OR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.03-3.21); vena cava preservation technique (OR, 0.43; 95% CI, 0.22-0.84); history of diabetes mellitus (OR, 2.38; 95% CI, 1.34-4.22); respiratory distress syndrome (OR, 6.60; 95% CI, 1.16-37.45); pulmonary edema (OR, 2.36; 95% CI, 1.44-3.86); renal dysfunction (OR, 3.25; 95% CI, 1.89-5.60); acute renal insufficiency (OR, 20.24; 95% CI, 9.88-41.46); neurological alterations (OR, 3.36; 95% CI, 1.94-5.821); postoperative bleeding (OR, 2.80; 95% CI, 1.32-5.97); graft dysfunction (OR, 2.07; 95% CI, 1.21-3.53); primary graft failure (OR, 0.07; 95% CI, 0.01-0.33).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Infection is a serious complication that continues to be difficult to control. Certain risk factors can be improved with careful management (kidney failure, pulmonary edema) or appropriate donor-recipient matching (initial dysfunction). Others, however, are inherent to the procedure (post-reperfusion syndrome, sex) or to immunosuppression, which acts as a true mediator of infection with regard to both its appearance and its clinical manifestation.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario La Fe, Departamento de Anestesiología y Reanimación, Unidad de Reanimación Hospital General, Valencia.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mayo Moldes
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Galán Torres
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moreno Gázquez
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Llacer Borras
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Moreno Puigdollers
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007239:Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors