Assessing the genotoxicity of imidacloprid and RH-5849 in human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro with comet assay and cytogenetic tests.
A combined approach employing comet assay and micronucleus (MN) and sister chromatid exchanges (SCE) tests was utilized to assess the genotoxicity of two pesticides, imidacloprid [1-(6-chloro-3-pyridylmethyl)-N-nitro-imidazolidin-2-ylideneamine] and RH-5849 [2'-benzoyl-1'-tert-butylbenzoylhydrazine], on human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro. No significant difference in the frequencies of MN and SCE from the negative groups (P>0.05) was observed at low dose levels (i.e., 0.05 mg/L for imidacloprid and 5mg/L for RH-5849). As the concentrations of imidacloprid and RH-5849 were increased to 0.1 and 25 mg/L, respectively, significant effects to the frequencies of MN and SCE (P<0.05) were achieved relative to those of the negative controls. MN and SCE frequencies increased similarly in a dose-related manner with both pesticides. With the comet assay, however, the distribution of DNA damage grades in all the pesticide-treated groups was significantly different from those in the control (P<0.01). DNA damage scores increased with the exposure levels of both pesticides, and linear dose-effect relationships were observed for both imidacloprid (r2=0.98) and RH-5849 (r2=0.92). The cytogenetic techniques and comet assay revealed potential adverse effects of both imidacloprid and RH-5849 in human peripheral blood lymphocytes in vitro. Combination of the comet assay and cytogenetic tests appears commendable to assess the potential risks of human exposure to the pesticides.
Feng
Shaolong
S
Guangzhou Institute of Geochemistry, Chinese Academy of Sciences, The State Key Laboratory of Organic Geochemistry, P.O. Box 1131, Wushan, Guangzhou 510640, China
Kong
Zhiming
Z
Wang
Xinming
X
Peng
Pingan
P
Zeng
Eddy Y
EY
D000328:Adult; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020552:Comet Assay; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D004249:DNA Damage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D006834:Hydrazines / Q000633:toxicity*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects*; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009153:Mutagens / Q000633:toxicity*; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012854:Sister Chromatid Exchange
D006834:Hydrazines; D007093:Imidazoles; D007306:Insecticides; D009153:Mutagens; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds; C056565:1,2-dibenzoyl-tert-butylhydrazine; C082359:imidacloprid