title: Genes contributing to risk for common forms of stroke.
abstract: The quest for disease genes that confer risk for stroke is now being undertaken using three complementary approaches. Positional cloning using rare Mendelian phenocopies of stroke has found genes that contribute to rare forms of stroke but, so far, not to the common forms of stroke. Candidate-gene case-control association studies using the common forms of stroke have found suggestive associations of modest effect. However, positional cloning using hundreds of Icelandic families affected by the common forms of stroke has recently found two genes conferring substantial risk for ischemic stroke that have apparently been confirmed in the USA and other European populations. Both genes encode enzymes, phosphodiesterase 4D (PDE4D) and arachidonate 5-lipoxygenase-activating protein (FLAP), which suggest novel treatment strategies for stroke prevention.
authors.affiliation: deCODE genetics, Sturlagata 8, Reykjavik, Iceland 101.
authors.forename: Jeffrey R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Gulcher
authors.forename: Solveig
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gretarsdottir
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Helgadottir
authors.forename: Kari
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stefansson
mesh_terms: D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D058927:5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Proteins; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D054684:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 3; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020521:Stroke / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D058927:5-Lipoxygenase-Activating Proteins; C548592:ALOX5AP protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; D054684:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 3; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; C517376:PDE4D protein, human