title: Botulinum toxin a injection of the obturator internus muscle for chronic perineal pain.
abstract: Chronic perineal pain is often a difficult condition to manage. Current treatments include pudendal nerve injections and pudendal nerve release surgery. The obturator internus muscle has a close relationship to the pudendal nerve and might be a potential target for therapeutic intervention.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A case is presented of refractory perineal pain that was successfully treated by injecting the obturator internus muscle with botulinum toxin A.
authors.affiliation: Center for Pain Management, Baylor University Medical Center, Frisco, Texas 75043, USA. noorgajraj@aol.com
authors.forename: Noor M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Gajraj
mesh_terms: D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017773:Pelvic Floor / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology; D017699:Pelvic Pain / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D010502:Perineum
chemical_list: D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A