title: Enamel micro-cracks produced around restorations with flowable composites.
abstract: In this study, enamel micro-cracks produced around flowable composite restorations were observed using a stereomicroscope and a scanning confocal laser microscope (SCLM). The effects of polymerization shrinkage, mobility of composite and polishing period after filling on the incidence of marginal enamel micro-cracks were examined. Enamel micro-cracks were observed on all of the composite restorations when the restoration was polished immediately after filling. Enamel micro-cracks distributed approximately parallel to the cavity margin and located 0.01-0.3 mm from the restored cavity margin. The occurrence of enamel micro-cracks was higher in conventional hybrid composite restorations than in flowable composites, and when polished 15 minutes after filling (as compared to 24 hours after filling).
authors.affiliation: Division of Cariology Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Department of Oral Health Science, Niigata University Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Japan. han4378@ybb.ne.jp
authors.forename: Linlin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okiji
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000293:injuries*; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation; D003775:Dental Polishing; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D044367:Phase Transition; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry / Q000528:radiation effects; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: C112828:Clearfil AP-X; C501417:Clearfil Flow FX; D003188:Composite Resins; C467913:Filtek Flow; C444701:Filtek Z250; D008689:Methacrylates; D011109:Polymethacrylic Acids; C501418:Unifil LoFlo Plus; C086113:palfique estelite