Good and bad experiences of family presence during acute care and resuscitation. What makes the difference?
BACKGROUND
Family presence (FP) in the resuscitation room is still controversial, and its appropriateness for patient and family has been discussed. We examined both positive and negative experiences in order to establish the reasons for the difference.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of the present literature review was to describe patients', relatives' and staff's opinions and experiences of FP during invasive procedures and resuscitation.


METHODS
12 original papers, published between January 1995 and February 2003, were reviewed.


RESULTS
Most patients and relatives agreed that they had positive experiences of FP. They described how FP enhanced the feeling of support and connectedness within the family. Family members believed that FP helped them in their grieving process. Most staff members without FP experience felt that FP would increase the risk of psychological distress for the family. Those who had participated in an FP programme believed that FP was not only beneficial for the family but also for staff.


CONCLUSIONS
Family presence during resuscitation and acute care has the potential to enhance the care of the patient and to benefit everyone involved. However, implementation of FP during resuscitation must take account of potential problems.
Axelsson
Asa B
AB
Institute of Nursing, Faculty of Health Caring Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy at Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden. asa.axelsson@fhs.gu.se
Zettergren
Margaretha
M
Axelsson
Christer
C
D000208:Acute Disease / Q000523:psychology; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001294:Attitude to Health; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D006117:Grief; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006379:Helping Behavior; D006801:Humans; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010362:Patients' Rooms; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012107:Research Design; D012151:Resuscitation / Q000523:psychology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012944:Social Support; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D014789:Visitors to Patients / Q000523:psychology*