title: Jet lag and air travel: implications for performance.
abstract: This review focuses on travel stress in athletes. An outline of the circadian system is presented, followed by an explanation of how disturbances to its regulation are related to jet lag. There are consequences of jet lag that affect exercise performance and health. Measures to ameliorate adverse effects of jet lag include behavioral or pharmacologic strategies. Coaches and mentors and the athletes they support should be considered when preparing for long-haul flights across multiple meridians.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute for Sport and Exercise Sciences, Liverpool John Moores University, Henry Cotton Campus, 15-21 Webster Street, Liverpool L3 2ET, England. T.P.Reilly@livjm.ac.uk
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Reilly
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Waterhouse
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Edwards
mesh_terms: D000401:Aircraft; D002110:Caffeine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020179:Jet Lag Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010789:Phototherapy / Q000379:methods; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D013177:Sports / Q000502:physiology*; D013178:Sports Medicine / Q000379:methods; D014195:Travel
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D002110:Caffeine; D008550:Melatonin