title: Stressful life events in recent-onset schizophrenia: reduced frequencies and altered subjective appraisals.
abstract: While research strongly supports the notion that stressful life events may trigger the exacerbation of psychotic symptoms in schizophrenia, the mechanisms through which affected individuals respond to life events during the early course of this disorder have received limited attention. This 12-month longitudinal study compared the frequencies, qualitative characteristics, and subjective appraisals of life events in recent-onset schizophrenia patients (n=78) and a nonpatient comparison sample (n=63). Negative and positive life events were assessed using a semi-structured interview every 4 weeks among patients and approximately every 4 months among controls, and participants appraised each event they experienced in terms of emotional impact, controllability, and effectiveness in handling the event. Schizophrenia patients reported significantly lower rates of life events than their nonpsychiatric counterparts across nearly every type of negative and positive event examined. In the context of generally lower event frequencies, patients appraised the negative and positive events they did experience as less controllable and more poorly handled than controls, and also appraised positive events as less desirable. Results are discussed in terms of their implications for understanding susceptibility to stress during the early course of schizophrenia.
authors.affiliation: University of California, Los Angeles, CA 90095-9698, USA. horan@ucla.edu
authors.forename: William P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Horan
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ventura
authors.forename: Keith H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Nuechterlein
authors.forename: Kenneth L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Subotnik
authors.forename: Sun S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mintz
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008297:Male; D010507:Periodicity; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires