title: Early onset bipolar disorder: clinical and research considerations.
abstract: This article examined some of the reasons for confusion and controversy surrounding the frequency of diagnosis of bipolar disorder, especially in prepubertal children. Four case vignettes are used to articulate questions surrounding manifestations of euphoria and grandiosity, informant variance, diagnostic implications of medication-induced behavioral toxicity, and treatment implications of family history. Although extant literature cited addresses some of the issues, specific research is needed for definitive answers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Stony Brook University School of Medicine, NY 11794, USA. Gabrielle.Carlson@StonyBrook.edu
authors.forename: Gabrielle A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Carlson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000339:Affect; D017668:Age of Onset; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010375:Pedigree
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents