title: Isodomoic acid C, an unusual amnesic shellfish poisoning toxin from Pseudo-nitzschia australis.
abstract: An unusual isomer of domoic acid (1), isodomoic acid C (2), has been found in New Zealand shellfish contaminated by amnesic shellfish poisoning (ASP) toxins and was shown to be produced by a local strain of the pennate diatom Pseudo-nitzschia australis. A bulk culture of this strain was used to isolate 2. The structure was determined from spectroscopic data and was shown to correspond to that of 2 from a Japanese red seaweed, the only other reported occurrence of this compound. The affinity of 2 for GluR6 glutamate receptors was 240-fold lower than for 1, indicating low neurotoxic potential.
authors.affiliation: Cawthron Institute, Private Bag 2, Nelson, New Zealand. patrick.holland@cawthron.org.nz
authors.forename: Patrick T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: Andrew I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Selwood
authors.forename: Douglas O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Mountfort
authors.forename: Alistair L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Wilkins
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: McNabb
authors.forename: Lesley L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Rhodes
authors.forename: Gregory J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Doucette
authors.forename: Christina M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Mikulski
authors.forename: Kristen L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: King
mesh_terms: D000647:Amnesia / Q000139:chemically induced*; D000818:Animals; D017377:Diatoms / Q000737:chemistry*; D005068:Eutrophication / Q000502:physiology*; D005517:Foodborne Diseases; D006538:Heptanoic Acids / Q000633:toxicity*; D008387:Marine Toxins / Q000633:toxicity*; D009498:Neurotoxins / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012624:Seaweed / Q000737:chemistry; D012758:Shellfish / Q000469:parasitology*; D057096:Shellfish Poisoning
chemical_list: D006538:Heptanoic Acids; D008387:Marine Toxins; D009498:Neurotoxins; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; C504322:isodomoic acid C