title: Synthesis and anticancer activities of amphiphilic 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridylic acid prodrugs.
abstract: Amphiphilic anticancer prodrugs of 5'-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine-5'-monophosphate (5-FdUMP) were synthesized according to the hydrogen phosphonate method by coupling lipophilic cytosine derivatives or a phospholipid with 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (5-FdU). Studies within the in vitro Anticancer Screen Program of the National Cancer Institute have demonstrated high anticancer activities of the heterodinucleoside phosphates: N4-palmitoyl-2'-deoxycytidylyl-(3' --> 5')-3'-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (dC(pam)-5-FdU(Ac), N4-palmitoyl-2',3'-dideoxycytidylyl-(5' --> 5')-3'-O-acetyl-5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (ddC(pam)-(5' --> 5')-5-FdU(Ac), 5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridylyl-(3' --> 5')-5-fluoro-N4-hexadecyl-2'-deoxycytidine (5-FdU-5-FdC(hex)), and of the new liponucleotide 1-O-octadecyl-rac-glycerylyl-(3 --> 5')-5-fluoro-2'-deoxyuridine (Oct1Gro-(3 --> 5')-5-FdU). The anticancer activities of these prodrugs are comparable to those of 5-FdU and the tumor specificities are modulated by their structures. The highest cytotoxic activity being even superior to 5-FdU was expressed by the dimer 5-FdU-5-FdC(hex).
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Tübingen, Auf der Morgenstelle 18, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Peter S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Ludwig
authors.forename: Reto A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Schwendener
authors.forename: Herbert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schott
mesh_terms: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D005468:Fluorodeoxyuridylate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D011355:Prodrugs / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D011355:Prodrugs; D005468:Fluorodeoxyuridylate