title: Chromosome bi-orientation on the mitotic spindle.
abstract: For proper chromosome segregation, sister kinetochores must attach to microtubules extending from opposite spindle poles prior to anaphase onset. This state is called sister kinetochore bi-orientation or chromosome bi-orientation. The mechanism ensuring chromosome bi-orientation lies at the heart of chromosome segregation, but is still poorly understood. Recent evidence suggests that mal-oriented kinetochore-to-pole connections are corrected in a tension-dependent mechanism. The cohesin complex and the Ipl1/Aurora B protein kinase seem to be key regulators for this correction. In this article, I discuss how cells ensure sister kinetochore bi-orientation for all chromosomes, mainly focusing on our recent findings in budding yeast.
authors.affiliation: School of Life Sciences, University of Dundee, Wellcome Trust Biocentre, Dow Street, Dundee DD1 5EH, Scotland, UK. t.tanaka@dundee.ac.uk
authors.forename: Tomoyuki U
authors.initials: TU
authors.lastname: Tanaka
mesh_terms: D064127:Aurora Kinases; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D020090:Chromosome Segregation / Q000502:physiology*; D015825:Chromosomes, Fungal / Q000378:metabolism*; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D018386:Kinetochores / Q000378:metabolism*; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D004718:Saccharomycetales; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D000097722:Cohesins
chemical_list: D064127:Aurora Kinases; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D000097722:Cohesins