title: Teratogenicity and developmental toxicity of chlorpyrifos. Maternal exposure during organogenesis in mice.
abstract: Chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate pesticide, was evaluated for potential teratogenicity and developmental toxicity in mice. Pregnant females were given a single intraperitoneal injection (40 or 80 mg/kg) on day 10 of gestation and fetuses were evaluated on gestation day 17. At 80 mg/kg, chlorpyrifos treatment resulted in a significant reduction in numbers of live fetuses, and increase in resorptions, versus control litters. There was no indication of maternal toxicity. External and skeletal malformations were observed at 80 mg/kg, but not 40 mg/kg. Rates of fetuses with cleft palate increased significantly (p<0.05) following 80 mg/kg chlorpyrifos (5.97%) versus control litters (0.97%). Similarly, the absence of thoracic vertebrae was increased and the number of caudal vertebrae was significantly decreased. It is suggested that chlorpyrifos is teratogenic and embryotoxic in mice at doses below those that cause significant maternal toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai Second Medical University, No. 227 ChongQing Nan Road, Shanghai 200025, China. tianmiejp@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.forename: Kazuhito
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced / Q000473:pathology; D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000139:chemically induced; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005327:Fetal Resorption / Q000139:chemically induced; D046449:Hernia, Abdominal / Q000139:chemically induced; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009436:Neural Tube Defects / Q000139:chemically induced; D038081:Organogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D017689:Polydactyly / Q000139:chemically induced; D011247:Pregnancy; D013131:Spine / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000187:drug effects; D013723:Teratogens; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D013723:Teratogens; D004390:Chlorpyrifos