title: Identification of a dysfunctional missense single nucleotide variant of human adenylyl cyclase VI.
abstract: Genetic variants have been described for a range of G protein-coupled receptors (as well as for G proteins) linked to adenylyl cyclase. Furthermore, expression of these variants resulted in alterations in receptor-mediated activation of adenylyl cyclase, as well as alterations in more "downstream" effector pathways mediated by cyclic adenosine monophosphate. However, the identification of dysfunctional variants of adenylyl cyclase has been far more limited. Screening a region of the molecule that we recently demonstrated to be critical in regulation of enzyme activity, we have identified a missense single-nucleotide variant at amino acid 674 of human adenylyl cyclase isoform VI. In a population of 286 healthy white subjects, this variant has an allelic frequency of 3.1% (although 0/90 nonwhite subjects had this variant). Expression of this variant of adenylyl cyclase VI (whether expressed as the S674 human adenylyl cyclase VI [ADCY6] or the S686 ADCY6 rat analog) is characterized by a significant decrease in stimulated adenylyl cyclase activity (forskolin-stimulated activity of the S674 human ADCY6 variant was decreased to 56% +/- 6% of the activity of the A674 variant [mean +/- SEM]; n = 9; P = .004). Furthermore, subjects with the S674 variant demonstrated a significantly higher lymphocyte count (2.68 +/- 4.13 x 10(3)/mm3 versus 1.90 +/- 0.72 x 10(3)/mm3, P = .019). Paralleling this phenotype, expression of the variant was associated with attenuation of the forskolin-mediated reduction in cell growth rate to 64% +/- 5% of the effect seen with expression of the wild-type ADCY6 (n = 4; P = .001). In summary, these data demonstrate an unappreciated variant of adenylyl cyclase isoform VI that has a functional impact on both enzyme activity and cyclic adenosine monophosphate-mediated regulation of cell growth.
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology and Vascular Biology Research Groups, Robarts Research Institute, PO Box 5015, 100 Perth Dr, London, Ontario, Canada N6A 5K8.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gros
authors.forename: Qingming
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Henian
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Tony
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Main
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hegele
authors.forename: Ross D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Feldman
mesh_terms: D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D017931:DNA Primers; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D005576:Colforsin; D004247:DNA; D000262:Adenylyl Cyclases; C121100:adenylyl cyclase 6