title: Using food redistribution to reduce packing in children with severe food refusal.
abstract: Positive- and negative-reinforcement-based procedures typically have targeted acceptance for children with severe food refusal; however, these procedures do not always result in successful swallowing. Once acceptance is achieved, some children expel the food repeatedly or pack (hold or pocket) it in their mouths for extended periods of time. This study evaluated the effects of using food redistribution with a bristled massaging toothbrush to reduce packing and increase consumption in 4 children with severe feeding disorders. Packing was reduced for all children. In addition, latency to clean mouth (the duration of time from acceptance to food no longer being present in the child's mouth in the absence of expulsion) for 2 children decreased when the food-redistribution procedure was used. Results are discussed in terms of the potential operant functions of the food-redistribution procedure.
authors.affiliation: Kennedy Krieger Institute, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA. gulotta@kennedykrieger.org
authors.forename: Charles S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Gulotta
authors.forename: Cathleen C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Piazza
authors.forename: Meeta R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Stacy A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Layer
mesh_terms: D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003679:Deglutition; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D019959:Feeding and Eating Disorders of Childhood / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology