title: Association between single-nucleotide polymorphisms in the SEC8L1 gene, which encodes a subunit of the exocyst complex, and rheumatoid arthritis in a Japanese population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify rheumatoid arthritis (RA) susceptibility genes in a Japanese population by conducting a large-scale case-control association analysis and linkage disequilibrium (LD) mapping on chromosome 7q31-34, a candidate susceptibility locus identified in a preliminary genome-wide scan in 53 Japanese families, using single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).
  
  
  METHODS
  We prepared 728 dense, evenly spaced SNPs with a minor allele frequency >0.15 in each gene locus on chromosome 7q31-34. Using these SNPs, a 2-stage case-control analysis was performed on 760 RA patients (157 men and 603 women) and 806 non-RA controls (189 men and 617 women). Haplotypes and LD mapping results were assessed based on SNP genotypes in 380 controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-eight SNPs showed allele associations (P < 0.05) in the first set of DNA samples (380 RA cases and 380 non-RA controls; first-stage analysis). For 4 of the SNPs in the SEC8L1 gene, the association was replicated (P < 0.05) in the second, independent set of DNA samples (an additional 380 RA cases and 380 non-RA controls; second-stage analysis). When data from the 2 groups were combined, the most significant allele association was observed with SNP 441, an intronic SNP of the SEC8L1 gene (P = 0.000059). The SEC8L1 SNPs with significant allele associations were all located in a single conserved LD block (block 4). Haplotype analysis revealed the disease-risk (P = 0.0015) and disease-protective (P = 0.0000062) haplotypes. Resequencing of coding exons within block 4 did not identify any nonsynonymous SNPs. Real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction revealed that SEC8L1 was expressed ubiquitously in human tissues, including fibroblast-like synoviocytes from RA patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our locus-wide association and LD analyses identified intronic SNPs and haplotypes in the SEC8L1 gene that are strongly associated with RA. We propose that SEC8L1, which encodes a component of the exocyst complex, is a candidate susceptibility gene for RA in the Japanese population.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Health Biosciences, The University of Tokushima Graduate School, Tokushima, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hamada
authors.forename: Yoichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takata
authors.forename: Dai
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Osabe
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.forename: Syuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shinohara
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Egawa
authors.forename: Syunji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Shinomiya
authors.forename: Charles R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Scafe
authors.forename: Vincent M
authors.initials: VM
authors.lastname: Reeve
authors.forename: Tatsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: Maki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moritani
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kunika
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Natsuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yasui
authors.forename: Mitsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Itakura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000235:genetics*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; C489607:EXOC4 protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D033921:Vesicular Transport Proteins