title: [Determination of butane in respiratory gases by means of GC/MS and GC/MS-MS].
abstract: Butane is inhaled in order to achieve a pleasurable state of intoxication. An overdose can lead to death. In two deaths from our own investigation material the circumstances were suspicious for the inhalation of liquid gas, and the presence of butane should be demonstrated in the respiratory gases. For detection, a method of ion trap gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and tandem-mass spectrometry (GC/MS-MS) was developed, whereby the gas samples from the lung tissue were directly injected into the GC. The GC/MS tests revealed the presence of butane. Moreover, it was found that during the MS-MS tests reaction products appeared which had formed in the ion trap. Systematic investigations of these reaction products showed that these appeared regularly and could be used as additional backup for the proof of butane. Thus phenomena in the ion trap were used which would not have been expected to occur in normal mass spectrometry or tandem-MS and had not been described in the forensic literature so far. The detected amount of butane could be quantified by means of serial dilutions with nitrogen and room air. The described method shows that small molecules or gases can be demonstrated with the ion trap mass spectrometer.
authors.affiliation: Aus dem Institut für Rechtsmedizin der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen.
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jungheim
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kijewski
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001344:Autopsy / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D001944:Breath Tests; D002073:Butanes / Q000032:analysis*; D002423:Cause of Death; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D002073:Butanes; C046888:butane