Thalassemia and related hemoglobinopathies.
Hemoglobinopathies are the most common single gene disorders in man. There are several hundred of these disorders though the thalassemias -- alpha and beta and the sickling disorders make up the vast majority. Recent advances in the understanding of the hemoglobin structure and the genetics of its synthesis has contributed significantly to the understanding of these diseases. Disorders include those with reduced globin synthesis, abnormal globin chains and failure to switch globin chain synthesis at the appropriate age. This review focuses on the clinical features, diagnosis and management strategies of the alpha and beta thalassemias, the sickling disorders and touches on a few rarer hemoglobinopathies. It also emphasizes prevention strategies and chronic transfusion safety in countries like India where there are limited resources.
Sarnaik
Sharada A
SA
Carman and Ann Adams Department of Pediatrics, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Sickle Cell Center, Children's Hospital of Michigan, Detroit, MI, USA. ssarnaik@med.wayne.edu
D000328:Adult; D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005817:Genetic Counseling; D006453:Hemoglobinopathies / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010641:Phenotype; D011247:Pregnancy; D012805:Sickle Cell Trait / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D013156:Splenectomy; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D013789:Thalassemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D017085:alpha-Thalassemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D017086:beta-Thalassemia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy