title: Change in mandibular trabecular pattern and hip fracture rate in elderly women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if alterations of trabecular pattern, or the rate of change of jaw trabeculae, are associated with rate of hip fracture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants in a population-based study of residents of a California retirement community (Leisure World Cohort Study) were asked for permission to obtain their dental radiographs. Periapical radiographs were retrieved on 598 women (average age at time of first radiograph=77 years). Several measurements of trabecular pattern (strut analysis), textural properties (run-length analysis) and Fourier analysis were made in several anatomical regions of the jaw. These trabecular features and clinical information self-reported by subjects in the early 1980s were examined for association with hip fracture rate using Cox proportional-hazard regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rate of hip fracture increased with decreasing average length of node-to-terminus struts in the mandibular incisor region. Each 0.01 mm per year decrease in the average length of node-to-terminus struts increased hip fracture rate by a factor of 2.9 (P=0.02, accuracy=73%). Inclusion of clinical parameters improved the predictive model compared with use of the radiographic parameter alone (accuracy=79%). Similar results were seen for percent change per year in this parameter.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Changes in radiographic trabecular structure, augmented with clinical information, are predictive of hip fracture in elderly women. Further refinement of both the radiographic and clinical parameters may lead to a screening process accessible to a large number of women and to early diagnosis and treatment of osteoporosis.
authors.affiliation: UCLA School of Dentistry, 10833 Le Conte Ave., Los Angeles, CA 90095-1668, USA. swhite@ucla.edu
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Atchison
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gornbein
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nattiv
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paganini-Hill
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Service
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Yoon
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015519:Bone Density; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005544:Forecasting; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011159:Population Surveillance; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011859:Radiography