title: Simultaneous multicolor detection system of the single-molecular microbial antigen with total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy.
abstract: Immunological diagnostic methods have been widely performed and showed high performance in molecular and cellular biology, molecular imaging, and medical diagnostics. We have developed novel methods for the fluorescent labeling of several antibodies coupled with fluorescent nanocrystal QDs. In this study we demonstrated that two bacterial toxins, diphtheria toxin and tetanus toxin, were detected simultaneously in the same view field of a cover slip by using directly QD-conjugated antibodies. We have succeeded in detecting bacterial toxins by counting luminescent spots on the evanescent field with using primary antibody conjugated to QDs. In addition, each bacterial toxin in the mixture can be separately detected by single excitation laser with emission band pass filters, and simultaneously in situ pathogen quantification was performed by calculating the luminescent density on the surface of the cover slip. Our results demonstrate that total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM) enables us to distinguish each antigen from mixed samples and can simultaneously quantitate multiple antigens by QD-conjugated antibodies . Bioconjugated QDs could have great potentialities for in practical biomedical applications to develop various high-sensitivity detection systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Ecology and Informatics, Research Institute, International Medical Center of Japan, Toyama, Tokyo.
authors.forename: Akiyoshi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoshino
authors.forename: Kouki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujioka
authors.forename: Noriyoshi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Manabe
authors.forename: Shun-Ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamaya
authors.forename: Yoji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yasuhara
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
mesh_terms: D000941:Antigens / Q000032:analysis*; D003116:Color; D004167:Diphtheria Toxin / Q000032:analysis*; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique / Q000379:methods*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods*; D013744:Tetanus Toxin / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D004167:Diphtheria Toxin; D013744:Tetanus Toxin