title: Cerebral arteriovenous fistulas induced by dural arteriovenous shunts.
abstract: Dural arteriovenous shunts and pial arteriovenous fistulas are uncommonly associated. Their etiology, pathogenesis, and natural history are still unclear and are likely different. We present three cases of high-flow dural arteriovenous shunts associated with pial arteriovenous fistulas and discuss their pathogenesis, anatomic association, and angioarchitecture. We propose that venous steal effect in the dural sinus secondary to the high-flow dural arteriovenous shunt induced the pial arteriovenous fistulas. Treatment of the high-flow dural arteriovenous shunts and the induced pial arteriovenous fistulas are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Hong Kong Baptist Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Agid
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: van den Berg
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ter Brugge
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001164:Arteriovenous Fistula / Q000209:etiology*; D001166:Arteriovenous Shunt, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002536:Cerebral Arteries; D002550:Cerebral Veins; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male