title: An adult case of moyamoya syndrome that developed dural sinus thrombosis associated with protein C deficiency: case report and literature review.
abstract: We describe a 54-year-old woman exhibiting MMS who developed delayed dural sinus thrombosis associated with PCD. Angiographic findings of the patient were so unusual that bilateral internal carotid arteries were occluded between their origin and the carotid fork with extensive development of collateral circulation via the external carotid arteries and the posterior cerebral arteries instead of moyamoya vessels at the base of the brain. Seven years after bilateral cerebral revascularization surgery, intracerebral hemorrhage occurred caused by dural sinus thrombosis. In the treatment for the patient with MMS associated with PCD, risk of sinus thrombosis should be taken into account.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan. kikuta@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Ken-ichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kikuta
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: Hiroharu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kataoka
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nozaki
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002341:Carotid Artery Thrombosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D002342:Carotid Artery, External / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D003392:Cranial Sinuses / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D009072:Moyamoya Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D020151:Protein C Deficiency / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*