title: Aerobic exercise and HDL2-C: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Use the meta-analytic approach to examine the effects of aerobic exercise on high-density lipoprotein two cholesterol (HDL2-C) in adults. STUDY SOURCES: (1) Computerized literature searches; (2) cross-referencing from retrieved articles; (3) hand-searching; and (4) expert review of our reference list.
  
  
  METHODS
  (1) Randomized controlled trials; (2) aerobic exercise > or = 8 weeks; (3) adults > or = 18 years of age; (4) studies published in journal, dissertation, or master's thesis format; (5) studies published in the English-language between January 1, 1955 and January 1, 2003; and (6) assessment of HDL2-C in the fasting state.
  
  
  METHODS
  All coding conducted by both authors, independent of each other. Discrepancies were resolved by consensus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nineteen randomized controlled trials representing 20 HDL2-C outcomes from 984 males and females (516 exercise, 468 control) were pooled for analysis. Using random-effects modeling and bootstrap confidence intervals (BCI), a statistically significant increase of approximately 11% was observed for HDL2-C (X +/- S.E.M., 2.6 +/- 0.9 mg/dl, 95% BCI, 1.0-4.4 mg/dl). With each study deleted from the model once, results remained statistically significant. Increases in HDL2-C were independent of decreases in body weight, body mass index (kg/m2), and percent body fat.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aerobic exercise increases HDL2-C in adults.
authors.affiliation: Meta-Analytic Research Group, Department of Community Medicine, Robert C. Byrd Health Sciences Center, School of Medicine, West Virginia University, P.O. Box 9190, Morgantown, WV 26506-9190, USA. gkelley@hsc.wvu.edu
authors.forename: George A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Kelley
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kelley
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000534:rehabilitation; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D053439:Lipoproteins, HDL2; D008297:Male; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D053439:Lipoproteins, HDL2