title: Foundations of advanced magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: During the past decade, major breakthroughs in magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) quality were made by means of quantum leaps in scanner hardware and pulse sequences. Some advanced MRI techniques have truly revolutionized the detection of disease states and MRI can now-within a few minutes-acquire important quantitative information noninvasively from an individual in any plane or volume at comparatively high resolution. This article provides an overview of the most common advanced MRI methods including diffusion MRI, perfusion MRI, functional MRI, and the strengths and weaknesses of MRI at high magnetic field strengths.
authors.affiliation: Lucas MRS/I Center, Department of Radiology, Stanford University, California, USA. rbammer@stanford.edu
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bammer
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Skare
authors.forename: Rexford
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Newbould
authors.forename: Chunlei
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Thijs
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ropele
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Clayton
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Krueger
authors.forename: Michael E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Moseley
authors.forename: Gary H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Glover
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology; D038524:Diffusion Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology*; D010477:Perfusion