title: Monitoring of urine trans, trans-muconic acid level among smokers and non-smokers.
abstract: Smoking has contributed to various neurological, cardiovascular, and pulmonary diseases. According to carcinogens found in cigarette smog, benzene is one of the important carcinogenic compounds. The urinary trans, trans-muconic acid (ttMA) levels among a sample of 10 Thai smokers and 35 Thai non-smokers were investigated, compared and reported. The average urinary ttMA level in smokers and non-smokers were 2.19 +/- 2.32 and 0.24 +/- 0.33 mg/gCr, respectively. A significant higher urinary ttMA level among the smokers was observed (P < 0.05). Since the higher urinary ttMA indicates the higher occult risk for cancer, the usage of urinary ttMA is recommended as a monitoring tool to follow up benzene exposure in the smokers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok 10330, Thailand. wviroj@pioneer.netserv.chula.ac.th
authors.forename: Viroj
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Wiwanitkit
authors.forename: Jamsai
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Suwansaksri
authors.forename: Suphan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Soogarun
mesh_terms: D001554:Benzene / Q000633:toxicity; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012907:Smoking / Q000652:urine*; D013011:Sorbic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D013785:Thailand
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C005939:muconic acid; D001554:Benzene; D013011:Sorbic Acid