Prognostic factors for breast cancer and their use in the clinical setting.
Breast cancer is the second leading cause of cancer deaths in US women today. This year, approximately 216,000 US women will be diagnosed with invasive breast cancer and another 60,000 with in situ disease. Numerous factors can quantify individual risks for breast cancer, guide therapy and predict outcome. This review focuses on the clinical, pathologic, molecular and genetic prognostic tools available for use in patients with breast cancer, and their impact on clinical decisions and treatment selection.
Kapoor
Avina
A
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Department of Medicine, Magee-Womens Hospital, 300 Halket Street, Room 3524, Pittsburgh, PA 15213-3180, USA. kapoora@upmc.edu
Vogel
Victor G
VG
D000367:Age Factors; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D003657:Decision Making; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D011379:Prognosis; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000032:analysis; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000032:analysis; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone / Q000032:analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors
D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D011980:Receptors, Progesterone