title: Live three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiographic assessment of thrombus in the innominate veins and superior vena cava utilizing right parasternal and supraclavicular approaches.
abstract: We report the usefulness of right parasternal and supraclavicular live three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography in the delineation and follow-up of a thrombus involving a catheter placed in superior vena cava for dialysis in an adult patient with chronic renal disease.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama 35249, USA.
authors.forename: Sailendra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Upendram
authors.forename: Navin C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Nanda
authors.forename: Srinivas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vengala
authors.forename: Vinod
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Farhat
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mehmood
authors.forename: Harvinder
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dod
authors.forename: Kunal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bodiwala
authors.forename: Ebenezer
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Frans
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016121:Brachiocephalic Veins / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014683:Vena Cava, Superior / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*