title: Survival outcome of lobar or segmental transcatheter arterial embolization with ethanol-lipiodol mixture in treating hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical outcome and cost-effectiveness of transcatheter arterial ethanol-lipiodol embolotherapy on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred patients with HCC who were treated only by lobar or segmental transarterial embolization (TAE) with ethanol-lipiodol mixture were enrolled in this study. The 1st- and 2nd-year survival rates were analyzed to evaluate the feasibility of its method. These outcomes of our patients were individually correlated to the Child-Pugh classification and the computed tomographic features of HCC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall 1st- and 2nd-year survival rates were 72% and 46%, respectively. The patients were classified into three groups according to their liver function status: 68 patients as Child-Pugh class A, 26 as Child B, and 6 as Child C. Child A had better survival rate than the Child B and/or C. The 1st-year survival rates of patients with Child A-C were 84%, 50%, and 33.3% respectively and the 2nd-year survival rates were 55.5%, 28.5%, and 33.3%, respectively. According to the computed tomographic features, solitary HCC with maximum diameter less than 5 cm had the best outcome with the 1st-year survival rate of 100% and the 2nd-year survival rate of 71.4%, while solitary HCC with maximum diameter over 5 cm and multiple HCC had the 1st-year survival rates of 75% and 63.7%, respectively, and the 2nd-year survival rates of 33.3% and 44.4%, respectively. Only one patient was complicated with abscess formation and was cured with antibiotic therapy. No mortality resulted from the procedures performed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TAE with ethanol-lipiodol mixture is an economic, safe and feasible method for treating HCC, especially for the patients with smaller solitary HCC or with liver function status of Child-Pugh class A.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, 5 Fu Hsing Street, Kwei Shan, Tao Yuan Hsien, Taiwan, China.
authors.forename: Yun-Chung
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Cheung
authors.forename: Sheung-Fat
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: Shu-Hang
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: Siu-Cheung
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Yu-Fan
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000628:therapy*; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic / Q000191:economics; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004338:Drug Combinations; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007459:Iodized Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D000431:Ethanol; D007459:Iodized Oil