title: Baseline endometrial assessment before tamoxifen for breast cancer in asymptomatic menopausal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study is to estimate the prevalence of endometrial pathology before the start of tamoxifen therapy in menopausal breast cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-one gynecologically asymptomatic patients, suffering from estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer and scheduled for adjuvant tamoxifen, underwent pretreatment endometrial assessment. In all patients, a transvaginal ultrasonography was carried out; a double-layered endometrial stripe measuring above 4 mm was considered as abnormal. In these patients, outpatient hysteroscopy and endometrial biopsy were performed. Pathologic findings were considered the reference test in estimating the prevalence of endometrial morbidity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 34 patients (37.3%) a thickened endometrium was an indication for hysteroscopic and pathologic assessment. Endometrial polyps, simple hyperplasias, and complex atypical hyperplasias were found in 10 (10.9%), 4 (4.3%), and 3 (3.2%) patients, respectively, leading to an overall prevalence of baseline endometrial morbidity of 18.6%. Established individual risk factors for development of endometrial pathology, such as body mass index, age at menarche and menopause, and parity, did not significantly differ in patients with and without endometrial abnormalities. Only patients' age (63.8 +/- 8.6 and 52.2 +/- 11.8; P = 0.03) and endometrial thickness (10.5 +/- 3.5 and 3.9 +/- 3.0; P > 0.001) were significant predictive factors of endometrial pathology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Menopausal women with estrogen receptor-positive breast cancer appear to have high risk of baseline subclinical endometrial abnormalities; therefore, an endometrial assessment, before the start of tamoxifen therapy, is always recommended in such patients.
authors.affiliation: Obstetrics and Gynecologic Department, Lodi Hospital, via Savoia 1, 26900-Lodi, Italy. giancarlo.garuti@tiscali.it
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Garuti
authors.forename: Fulvia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cellani
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Centinaio
authors.forename: Giulia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sita
authors.forename: Giulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nalli
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Luerti
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D004717:Endometrium / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008593:Menopause; D008875:Middle Aged; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D013629:Tamoxifen