title: Evaluation of support in singing.
abstract: This study searched for perceptual, acoustic, and physiological correlates of support in singing. Seven trained professional singers (four women and three men) sang repetitions of the syllable [pa:] at varying pitch and sound levels (1) habitually (with support) and (2) simulating singing without support. Estimate of subglottic pressure was obtained from oral pressure during [p]. Vocal fold vibration was registered with dual-channel electroglottography. Acoustic analyses were made on the recorded samples. All samples were also evaluated by the singers and other listeners, who were trained singers, singing students, and voice specialists without singing education (a total of 63 listeners). We rated both the overall voice quality and the amount of support. According to the results, it seemed impossible to observe any auditory differences between supported singing and good singing voice quality. The acoustic and physiological correlates of good voice quality in absolute values seem to be gender and task dependent, whereas the relative optimum seems to be reached at intermediate parameter values.
authors.affiliation: Department of Communication, University of Jyväskylä, Jyväskylä, Finland. Aatto.Sonninen@cc.jyu.fi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sonninen
authors.forename: A-M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Laukkanen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Karma
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hurme
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004594:Electrophysiology / Q000295:instrumentation; D005260:Female; D005931:Glottis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009790:Occupations; D011312:Pressure; D011361:Professional Competence; D012119:Respiration; D012649:Self Concept; D013061:Speech Acoustics; D013067:Speech Perception; D014833:Voice Quality