title: Lysophospholipids enhance matrix metalloproteinase-2 expression in human endothelial cells.
abstract: Lysophosphatidic acid (LPA) and sphingosine 1-phosphate (S1P) are both low-molecular-weight lysophospholipids, which promote cell proliferation, migration, and invasion via interaction with a family of specific G protein-coupled receptors. Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) are zinc-dependent proteolytic enzymes, which are involved in degradation of the extracellular matrix and play critical roles in endothelial cell migration and matrix remodeling during angiogenesis. Among these MMPs, MMP-2 is known to trigger cell migration. In our present study, we examined the effects of LPA and S1P on MMP-2 expression in human endothelial cells. We showed that LPA and S1P enhanced MMP-2 expression in mRNA, protein levels, and also enzymatic activity of cells of the EAhy926 human endothelial cell line. The enhancement effects occurred in concentration- and time-dependent manners. Results from real-time PCR, Western blots, and substrate gels indicated that these enhancement effects were mediated through MAPK kinase/ERK-, nuclear factor-kappaB-, and calcium influx-dependent pathways. Furthermore, we show that endothelial cell invasion of the gel was enhanced by lysophospholipids, and the induction could be prevented by an MMP inhibitor, GM6001. These observations suggest that LPA and S1P may play important roles in endothelial cell invasion by regulating the expression of MMP-2.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Zoology, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan 10617, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Wen Ting
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Chiung-Nien
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chi Iou
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jiun Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hsinyu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000201:enzymology*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008246:Lysophospholipids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D013110:Sphingosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D008246:Lysophospholipids; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C060506:sphingosine 1-phosphate; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D013110:Sphingosine; C032881:lysophosphatidic acid