title: Gamma delta T cells respond directly to pathogen-associated molecular patterns.
abstract: Gammadelta T cells recognize unprocessed or non-peptide Ags, respond rapidly to infection, and localize to mucosal surfaces. We have hypothesized that the innate functions of gammadelta T cells may be more similar to those of cells of the myeloid lineage than to other T cells. To begin to test this assumption, we have analyzed the direct response of cultured human and peripheral blood bovine gammadelta T cells to pathogen associated molecular patterns (PAMPs) in the absence of APCs using microarray, real-time RT-PCR, proteome array, and chemotaxis assays. Our results indicate that purified gammadelta T cells respond directly to PAMPs by increasing expression of chemokine and activation-related genes. The response was distinct from that to known gammadelta T cell Ags and different from the response of myeloid cells to PAMPs. In addition, we have analyzed the expression of a variety of PAMP receptors in gammadelta T cells. Freshly purified bovine gammadelta T cells responded more robustly to PAMPs than did cultured human cells and expressed measurable mRNA encoding a variety of PAMP receptors. Our results suggest that rapid response to PAMPs through the expression of PAMP receptors may be another innate role of gammadelta T cells.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Molecular Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59718, USA.
authors.forename: Jodi F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Hedges
authors.forename: Kirk J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Lubick
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Jutila
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002417:Cattle; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018925:Chemokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000235:genetics; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000494:pharmacology; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D018925:Chemokines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D016692:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell, gamma-delta