title: Clinical features and immunoexpression of p53, MIB-1 and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in adrenal neoplasms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the clinical features and immunoreactivity of p53 protein, MIB-1 antigen and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) in adrenal neoplasms.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 26 patients with adrenocortical adenoma and 24 patients with carcinoma were treated with adrenalectomy. Clinical features and immunohistochemical reactions were compared in adult vs pediatric tumors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a bimodal age distribution of carcinomas and adenomas, with a first peak occurring before age 5 years. The proportion of carcinomas in children (18 of 29) was higher than in adults (6 of 21). Carcinoma and adenoma occurring in children presented more commonly as the virilizing syndrome, while in adults Cushing's syndrome was more common. All adenomas in adults were p53 negative, while in children 4 of 11 adenomas (36%) were p53 positive. Histological Weiss criteria were the most reliable pathological features to distinguish adenoma from carcinoma. Other pathological features, including tumor weight, rate of mitotic figures and immunoexpression of p53 protein, MIB-1 antigen and PCNA, exhibited a striking difference in adenomas and carcinomas but none demonstrated sensitivity or specificity of 100%. Of all the computerized tomographic characteristics analyzed, including tumor size, shape, necrosis/hemorrhage, attenuation and contrast enhancement, only tumor size (greater than 5 cm) showed sensitivity and specificity of 100% in the differential diagnosis. Children and adults with carcinoma had similar curves of survival (p = 0.76). Carcinoma stage and PCNA immunoexpression displayed an association with outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endocrine syndromes differed in adults and children but other clinical features were similar in both groups. The role of p53 protein, MIB-1 antigen and proliferating cell nuclear antigen in discrimination of adenomas from carcinomas is unclear.
authors.affiliation: Medical School of Ribeirao, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Antonio C P
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: Adauto J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Cologna
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tucci
authors.forename: Haylton J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Suaid
authors.forename: Rodrigo A R
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Falconi
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D000293:Adolescent; D000310:Adrenal Gland Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000473:pathology; D000315:Adrenalectomy; D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D007223:Infant; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008939:Mitotane / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000032:analysis*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; C076055:Zw10 protein, Drosophila; D008939:Mitotane