title: Identification of novel mutations of the human N-acetylglutamate synthase gene and their functional investigation by expression studies.
abstract: The mitochondrial enzyme N-acetylglutamate synthase (NAGS) produces N-acetylglutamate serving as an allosteric activator of carbamylphosphate synthetase 1, the first enzyme of the urea cycle. Autosomal recessively inherited NAGS deficiency (NAGSD) leads to severe neonatal or late-onset hyperammonemia. To date few patients have been described and the gene involved was described only recently. In this study, another three families affected by NAGSD were analyzed for NAGS gene mutations resulting in the identification of three novel missense mutations (C200R [c.598T > C], S410P [c.1228T > C], A518T [c.1552G > A]). In order to investigate the effects of these three and two additional previously published missense mutations on enzyme activity, the mutated proteins were overexpressed in a bacterial expression system using the NAGS deficient E. coli strain NK5992. All mutated proteins showed a severe decrease in enzyme activity providing evidence for the disease-causing nature of the mutations. In addition, we expressed the full-length NAGS wild type protein including the mitochondrial leading sequence, the mature protein as well as a highly conserved core protein. NAGS activity was detected in all three recombinant proteins but varied regarding activity levels and response to stimulation by l-arginine. In conclusion, overexpression of wild type and mutated NAGS proteins in E. coli provides a suitable tool for functional analysis of NAGS deficiency.
authors.affiliation: Universitätsklinikum Münster, Klinik für Kinder-und Jugendmedizin, Albert-Schweitzer-Str. 33, 48149 Münster, Germany.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Jean-Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Nuoffer
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Häberle
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pauli
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Guffon
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vianey-Saban
authors.forename: Bendicht
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wermuth
authors.forename: Hans Georg
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Koch
mesh_terms: D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D051046:Amino-Acid N-Acetyltransferase; D001120:Arginine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000235:genetics; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D022124:Hyperammonemia / Q000235:genetics*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D020125:Mutation, Missense; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D021382:Protein Sorting Signals; D001120:Arginine; D000123:Acetyltransferases; D051046:Amino-Acid N-Acetyltransferase; C494874:NAGS protein, human