title: [Horner syndrome as the first symptom of nasopharyngeal cancer. Two case reports].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Horner syndrome (HS) is produced by damage to the oculosympathetic pathway and gives rise to palpebral ptosis, enophthalmos and myosis. Anhidrosis also occurs in cases in which the lesion is located before the separation of the vasomotor and sudomotor fibres at the start of the internal carotid artery. Nasopharyngeal cancer may damage the cranial nerves, mainly in the cavernous sinus, and very few cases of HS due to infiltration of the tumour into the parapharyngeal space have been reported.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case 1: a 67-year-old male with a 10-day history of HS on the left side without anhidrosis. The aetiological study revealed a nasopharyngeal lymphoepithelioma; the tumour became smaller and HS disappeared following treatment with chemotherapy. Case 2: a 48-year-old male with a 1-week history of HS without anhidrosis, and a 2-month history of deafness and pain in the right ear. The aetiological study showed a nasopharyngeal lymphoepithelioma and serous otitis. The tumour became smaller and HS disappeared following treatment with chemotherapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is important to carry out studies of the nasopharynx in patients with this syndrome to allow early diagnosis and treatment of a region that is not readily available for direct examination. The existence of an associated pathology in the ear or the paranasal sinuses strongly suggests that its origins lie in the nasopharynx.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Neurología, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Complejo Hospitalario de Toledo, 45005 Toledo, Spain. pjimenez1010j@yahoo.es
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Caballero
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marsal-Alonso
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Tejerina
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D006732:Horner Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009303:Nasopharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed