Global gene expression analysis of Anopheles gambiae responses to microbial challenge.
Anopheles gambiae transcript responses to experimental challenge with heat inactivated Salmonella typhimurium, Staphylococcus aureus and Beauveria bassiana have been analyzed with an Affymetrix GeneChip comprising the entire predicted mosquito transcriptome. Significant up- or down-regulation (greater than 2-fold) can be assayed for approximately 2% of the mosquito transcriptome and affected genes represent a variety of functional classes that include immunity, apoptosis, stress response, detoxification, metabolism, blood digestion, olfaction and others. Transcript responses to the 3 microbial elicitors exhibit an exceptionally high degree of specificity and only a few genes are significantly regulated by more than 1 of the tested elicitors. This study identifies several transcripts that have not been linked directly to immune response in A. gambiae previously; their infection responsiveness and sequence features do however suggest implication in defence reactions; examples are genes encoding leucine-rich repeat domain proteins, cuticle domain proteins and proteins containing immunoglobulin and fibronectin domains.
Aguilar
Ruth
R
W. Harry Feinstone Department of Molecular Microbiology and Immunology, Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, 615 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205-2179, USA.
Jedlicka
Anne E
AE
Mintz
Margaret
M
Mahairaki
Vassiliki
V
Scott
Alan L
AL
Dimopoulos
George
G
D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000276:immunology*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000276:immunology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000276:immunology