The insulin sensitivity, glucose sensitivity, and acute insulin response to glucose load in adolescent type 2 diabetes in Taiwanese.
BACKGROUND
Insulin sensitivity (SI), glucose sensitivity (SG), acute insulin response to glucose load (AIR), and obesity in adolescent type 2 diabetes patients (young diabetes, YDM) in Taiwan were studied.


METHODS
Forty patients diagnosed at <22 years of age were enrolled and divided into non-obese (NOYDM, BMI < 27 kg/m(2)) and obese groups (OBYDM BMI > 27 kg/m(2)). Adult-onset type 2 diabetes patients (ADM) >40 years old (n = 41) and nondiabetic young adults (N) (n = 23) served as controls. Fasting plasma lipids, insulin, and glucose were measured. Homeostasis model assessment was calculated to estimate insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function. A frequent-sampled intravenous glucose tolerance test was performed to evaluate SI, SG, and AIR.


RESULTS
SI and AIR were significantly lower in YDM and ADM than in N (0.92 +/- 0.13, 0.8 +/- 0.15 and 3.24 +/- 0.47 x 10(-4)/U/mL for SI; 40.3 +/- 20.3, 107.3 +/- 50.2, 1208 +/- 306.3 uU/min for AIR). SG of YDM and ADM were lower compared with N (0.014 +/- 0.00138, 0.0292 +/- 0.0058 vs 0.034 +/- 0.0086 min(-1) respectively). No difference was noted between YDM and ADM. SI and SG were not different in NOYDM and OBYDM. AIR was higher in OBYDM (83.6 +/- 34.3 vs -7.6 +/- 13.66 uU/min).


CONCLUSIONS
YDM had defects in SI, SG, and AIR compared to N, which was similar to the pathophysiology of ADM. The results imply that YDM may be either a different subtype of diabetes or the same type of diabetes as ADM, with severe defects associated with earlier age of onset. OBYDM had higher AIR than NOYDM.
Pei
Dee
D
Department of Internal Medicine, Buddhist Tzu Chi General Hospital, Hualien, Taiwan, ROC.
Hsiao
Chin-Fu
CF
Hung
Yi-Jen
YJ
Hsieh
Chang-Hsun
CH
Fang
Sandra-Chi
SC
Lian
Wei-Chen
WC
Hsu
Wen-Lin
WL
Fu
Chen-Chung
CC
Chen
Hsin-Dean
HD
Kuo
Shi-Wen
SW
D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000503:physiopathology; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000503:physiopathology; D013624:Taiwan
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D005947:Glucose