title: Puncture-site metastasis in a radiologically inserted gastrostomy tube: case report and literature review.
abstract: Gastrostomy-site metastases from head and neck cancer have been reported numerous times following endoscopic insertion, with direct implantation being implicated. We present the first reported case of gastrostomy-site metastasis following radiological insertion, and discuss the mechanisms by which this may have occurred. These include: direct implantation, hematogenous dissemination, or the natural shedding of tumor cells into the gastrointestinal tract.
authors.affiliation: Department of ENT Surgery, Derriford Hospital, Plymouth, Devon, UK.
authors.forename: R M A
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Hawken
authors.forename: R W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: M W M
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Bridger
authors.forename: C B A
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Lyons
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Jackson
mesh_terms: D000008:Abdominal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary*; D034861:Abdominal Wall / Q000473:pathology*; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000556:secondary*; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D005774:Gastrostomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009366:Neoplasm Seeding; D011677:Punctures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D014062:Tongue Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology