title: Application of the compound probability density function for characterization of breast masses in ultrasound B scans.
abstract: The compound probability density function (pdf) is investigated for the ability of its parameters to classify masses in ultrasonic B scan breast images. Results of 198 images (29 malignant and 70 benign cases and two images per case) are reported and compared to the classification performance reported by us earlier in this journal. A new parameter, the speckle factor, calculated from the parameters of the compound pdf was explored to separate benign and malignant masses. The receiver operating characteristic curve for the parameter resulted in an A(z) value of 0.852. This parameter was combined with one of the parameters from our previous work, namely the ratio of the K distribution parameter at the site and away from the site. This combined parameter resulted in an A(z) value of 0.955. In conclusion, the parameters of the K distribution and the compound pdf may be useful in the classification of breast masses. These parameters can be calculated in an automated fashion. It should be possible to combine the results of the ultrasonic image analysis with those of traditional mammography, thereby increasing the accuracy of breast cancer diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Drexel University, 3141 Chestnut St., Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. pshanker@coe.drexel.edu
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Shankar
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Piccoli
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Forsberg
authors.forename: B B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: Goldberg
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008954:Models, Biological; D015233:Models, Statistical; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016008:Statistical Distributions; D014463:Ultrasonography