title: Upright, weight-bearing, dynamic-kinetic MRI of the spine: initial results.
abstract: The potential relative beneficial aspects of upright, weight-bearing (pMRI), dynamic-kinetic (kMRI) spinal imaging over that of recumbent MRI (rMRI) include the revelation of occult spinal disease dependent on true axial loading, the unmasking of kinetic-dependent spinal disease and the ability to scan the patient in the position of clinically relevant signs and symptoms. This imaging unit under study also demonstrated low claustrophobic potential and yielded comparatively high resolution images with little motion/magnetic susceptibility/chemical shift artifact. Overall, it was found that rMRI underestimated the presence and maximum degree of gravity-dependent spinal pathology and missed altogether pathology of a dynamic nature, factors that are optimally revealed with p/kMRI. Furthermore, p/kMRI enabled optimal linkage of the patient's clinical syndrome with the medical imaging abnormality responsible for the clinical presentation, thereby allowing for the first time an improvement at once in both imaging sensitivity and specificity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Downstate Medical Center, State University of New York, 450 Clarkson Avenue, Brooklyn, NY 11203, USA. jrjinkins@aol.com
authors.forename: J Randy
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Jinkins
authors.forename: Jay S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Dworkin
authors.forename: Raymond V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Damadian
mesh_terms: D016477:Artifacts; D006112:Gravitation; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000175:diagnosis; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000175:diagnosis; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009068:Movement / Q000502:physiology; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000175:diagnosis; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000175:diagnosis; D013130:Spinal Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D013131:Spine / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013166:Spondylitis / Q000175:diagnosis; D013168:Spondylolisthesis / Q000175:diagnosis; D016474:Weight-Bearing / Q000502:physiology*