Comparison of dyes for cataract surgery. Part 2: efficacy of capsule staining in a rabbit model.
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the efficacy of various dyes for anterior capsule staining to facilitate capsulorhexis during cataract surgery.


METHODS
Department of Ophthalmology and Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.


METHODS
Various concentrations of indocyanine green (ICG), methylene blue (MB), gentian violet (GV), trypan blue (TB), and fluorescein sodium (FS) were used to stain rabbit lenses in vitro. After 1 minute of exposure, the staining of each lens was evaluated using a semiquantitative scoring system in which 0 represented no staining/no contrast between the capsule and cortex and 4 represented excellent staining/remarkable contrast between the stained capsule and unstained cortex. The lowest concentration of dye with a score of 4 was considered the lowest effective concentration for capsulorhexis.


RESULTS
Based on our scoring system, the lowest effective concentrations for capsulorhexis were ICG 0.25%, MB 0.10%, GV 0.01%, TB 0.10%, and FS 1.25%. The lowest effective concentrations of the 5 dyes provided comparable contrast. Increased concentrations of dye decreased contrast between the capsule and the cortex and were considered less effective for capsulorhexis.


CONCLUSIONS
Any of the following concentrations of dyes can be used for optimal enhancement of anterior capsule visibility for capsulorhexis: ICG 0.25%, MB 0.10%, GV 0.01%, TB 0.10%, and FS 1.25%.
Chang
Yi-Sheng
YS
Department of Ophthalmology, and the Institute of Clinical Medicine, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.
Tseng
Shih-Ya
SY
Tseng
Sung-Huei
SH
D000818:Animals; D019923:Capsulorhexis / Q000379:methods*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019793:Fluorescein / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005840:Gentian Violet / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007208:Indocyanine Green / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007903:Lens Capsule, Crystalline / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D008751:Methylene Blue / Q000008:administration & dosage; D023421:Models, Animal; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011817:Rabbits; D012449:Safety; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014343:Trypan Blue / Q000633:toxicity
D004396:Coloring Agents; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D014343:Trypan Blue; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D005840:Gentian Violet; D008751:Methylene Blue; D019793:Fluorescein