Modifiable risk factors for cardiovascular disease in CKD patients.
Risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD) have been studied extensively in CKD patients. It can be differentiated between modifiable, potentially-modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors. Nonetheless, even for easily modifiable risk factors there is still a lack of data demonstrating the benefit of common interventions, such as statin treatment for dyslipidemia, improvement of HbA1c levels in diabetic patients, implementation of physical exercise, normalization of Hgb and achievement of adequate dry weight in dialysis patients. This article gives an overview of modifiable and potentially modifiable risk factors and available modification strategies.
Seibert
Eric
E
Renal Research Institute, New York, N.Y., USA.
Kuhlmann
Martin K
MK
Levin
Nathan W
NW
D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D012307:Risk Factors