title: Effect of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma C161T polymorphism on lipid profile in Brazilian patients with Type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of the C161T polymorphism of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma (PPARgamma) gene in Brazilian subjects with Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and controls residing in Sao Paulo City, Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genomic DNA was obtained from 207 patients with T2DM and 170 unrelated normoglycemic individuals (CG). Anthropometric data included: body mass index, waist, hip, waist-to-hip ratio; biochemical parameters: fasting plasma glucose, total cholesterol, HDL- and LDL-cholesterol, triglycerides, glycated hemoglobin and insulin. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure was also measured. Screening for mutations in the entire coding region of the PPARgamma gene was carried out by PCR, single strand conformational polymorphism analysis (SSCP) and sequencing. C161T polymorphism was analyzed by PCR-RFLP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The C161T polymorphism was the only variant found in exon 6 of the PPARgamma gene. The frequency of the 161T allele in T2DM (0.10) was similar to that found in CG (0.07, p=0.210). Serum triglycerides (p=0.040), VLDL-cholesterol (p=0.040) and Atherogenic Index of Plasma (AIP; p=0.003) were significantly lower in 161T allele carriers than non-carriers in women of the T2DM group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that the C161T polymorphism in the PPARgamma gene is not associated with variables related to T2DM or insulin resistance in the Brazilian population. However, a reduction of serum triglycerides and AIP was observed in women with 161T allele of the C161T polymorphism of the PPARgamma gene.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Toxicological Analysis, School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Sao Paulo, Sao Paulo, Brazil. vladitav@usp.br
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Tavares
authors.forename: R D C
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Monte
authors.forename: J E N
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Salles
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Scallissi
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Speranza
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gomes
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Hirata
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001483:Base Sequence; D001938:Brazil; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003596:Cytosine; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational; D013941:Thymine
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D047495:PPAR gamma; D003596:Cytosine; D013941:Thymine