Teratogenicity and developmental toxicity of chlorpyrifos. Maternal exposure during organogenesis in mice.
Chlorpyrifos, an organophosphate pesticide, was evaluated for potential teratogenicity and developmental toxicity in mice. Pregnant females were given a single intraperitoneal injection (40 or 80 mg/kg) on day 10 of gestation and fetuses were evaluated on gestation day 17. At 80 mg/kg, chlorpyrifos treatment resulted in a significant reduction in numbers of live fetuses, and increase in resorptions, versus control litters. There was no indication of maternal toxicity. External and skeletal malformations were observed at 80 mg/kg, but not 40 mg/kg. Rates of fetuses with cleft palate increased significantly (p<0.05) following 80 mg/kg chlorpyrifos (5.97%) versus control litters (0.97%). Similarly, the absence of thoracic vertebrae was increased and the number of caudal vertebrae was significantly decreased. It is suggested that chlorpyrifos is teratogenic and embryotoxic in mice at doses below those that cause significant maternal toxicity.
Tian
Ying
Y
Department of Preventive Medicine, Shanghai Second Medical University, No. 227 ChongQing Nan Road, Shanghai 200025, China. tianmiejp@yahoo.com.cn
Ishikawa
Hitoshi
H
Yamaguchi
Tomoko
T
Yamauchi
Toru
T
Yokoyama
Kazuhito
K
D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced / Q000473:pathology; D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000139:chemically induced; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005327:Fetal Resorption / Q000139:chemically induced; D046449:Hernia, Abdominal / Q000139:chemically induced; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D018811:Maternal Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009436:Neural Tube Defects / Q000139:chemically induced; D038081:Organogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D017689:Polydactyly / Q000139:chemically induced; D011247:Pregnancy; D013131:Spine / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000187:drug effects; D013723:Teratogens; D013997:Time Factors
D007306:Insecticides; D013723:Teratogens; D004390:Chlorpyrifos