title: Clinical and economic effects of coronary restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention in a managed care population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The epidemiology of coronary restenosis after percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) has been documented extensively in clinical trials, but no data exist on the clinical and economic burden of restenosis in a managed care population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort with a nationally representative managed care claims database (IHCIS, Waltham, Mass.) representing 2.8 million members.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients undergoing initial PCI between 1/1/00 and 12/31/00 (N=3,258) were identified and followed to 1 year. Clinical events, resource use, and costs between 1 month and 1 year after the initial PCI were identified. The clinical restenosis rate was estimated by multiplying the observed repeat revascularization rate by 0.85, based on previously published studies. All costs are reported from a managed care perspective in Year 2000 dollars.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, 14.7 percent of patients required 1 or more repeat revascularization procedures between 1 month and 1 year after initial PCI, which implies an estimated clinical restenosis rate of 12.5 percent. Mean 1-year costs were nearly 6-fold higher among patients with and without repeat revascularization (dollars 31,954 +/- dollars 31,857 vs. dollars 5,474 +/- dollars 12,006, P<.001). After adjusting for baseline imbalances, the independent incremental cost for each patient with repeat revascularization was dollars 24,955 (95 percent confidence interval, dollars 23,401-dollars 26,510). Annual follow-up costs attributable to restenosis were dollars 3,118 per initial PCI recipient (i.e., dollars 24,955 x 12.5 percent).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical restenosis occurred in approximately 12.5 percent of real-world managed care PCI patients and increased health care costs by an average of dollars 3,118 per patient. These findings have important implications for the cost-effectiveness of new treatments that substantially reduce restenosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Economics and Outcomes Research, Boston Scientific Corp., Natick, Mass. 01760, USA. clarkm@bsci.com
authors.forename: Mary Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Ameet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bakhai
authors.forename: Elise M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Pelletier
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000191:economics* / Q000592:standards*; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000628:therapy*; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003365:Costs and Cost Analysis; D005260:Female; D005102:Health Expenditures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008329:Managed Care Programs; D008875:Middle Aged