title: Usefulness of helical computed tomography in detection of mitral annular calcification as a marker of coronary artery disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mitral annulus calcification (MAC) may be a form of atherosclerosis. The goal of the present work was to investigate whether helical CT can determine the presence of MAC and to clarify its possible association with coronary artery disease (CAD) in elderly patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred and twenty-nine consecutive elderly patients (165 men and 164 women, age range 60-79 years) underwent double helical CT of the heart to determine MAC and coronary calcifications (CC) according to a previously described protocol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MAC was documented in 60 patients (25 men, 35 women; mean age 69 +/- 4.5 years, range 60-78 years). The non-MAC group (control) included 269 patients (140 men, 129 women; mean age 67 +/- 4.6 years, range 60-79 years). Age was the only risk factor which had significant association with MAC (p = 0.01). A significant difference was found between MAC and control group for mean total CC score and advanced CC (total CC > 300) (323 +/- 565 vs. 184 +/- 429, p = 0.033 and 30% vs. 16%, p = 0.017, respectively). A significant difference was also found between groups for the prevalent proven CAD (30% vs. 16%, p = 0.008). Stepwise logistic regression analysis identified age [odds ratio (OR) 3.3, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7-6.4, p < 0.001)], gender (male) (OR 3.1, 95% CI 1.6-6.0, p = 0.001), and MAC (OR 2.4, 95% CI 1.2-5.0, p = 0.016) as the independent variables significantly associated with CAD. The independent variables significantly associated with advanced CC (TCS > 300) were MAC (OR 2.6, 95% CI 1.3-5.2, p = 0.005), gender (male) (OR 2.3, 95% CI 1.2-4.2, p = 0.012) and age (OR 1.9, 95% CI 1.0-3.7, p = 0.052).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrated the usefulness of helical computed tomography in the detection of mitral annular calcification as an additional marker of prevalent CAD. However, the diagnostic significance of the MAC detection is relatively minor and should not be considered as a direct proof for coronary atherosclerosis.
authors.affiliation: Cardiac Rehabilitation Institute, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Israel. adlery@sheba.health.gov.il
authors.forename: Yehuda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Adler
authors.forename: Enrique Z
authors.initials: EZ
authors.lastname: Fisman
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shemesh
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tanne
authors.forename: Boaz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hovav
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Motro
authors.forename: Ehud
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schwammenthal
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tenenbaum
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed