title: Islet cell related antibodies and type 1 diabetes associated with echovirus 30 epidemic: a case report.
abstract: Type 1 diabetes associated genes account for less than 50% of disease susceptibility. Human enteroviruses have been implicated as environmental factors that might trigger and/or accelerate this autoimmune disorder. We now report of a 12-year-old girl that developed pancreatic autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes after enteroviral infection. Diabetes-associated autoimmunity was evaluated by measurement of several islet cell related autoantibodies. Neutralizing antibodies to different enteroviruses were determined in the case and eight children suffering from aseptic meningitis during a large scale epidemic. Several types of diabetes-associated antibodies were detected post-infection in the adolescent with newly diagnosed type 1 diabetes, including islet cell antibodies (ICA) and tyrosine phosphatase antibodies (IA2A). ICA but not IA2A appeared in the non-diabetic enterovirus-infected subjects. Based on virological studies, type 1 diabetes pathogenesis process could have been triggered by echovirus 30 infections. This study provides the first evidence of an association between echovirus 30 infection with the presence of pancreatic autoimmunity and type 1 diabetes. Our data suggest that echovirus 30 Cuban strain could be considered a potentially diabetogenic enteroviral variant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology of Diabetes, National Institute of Endocrinology, Havana, Cuba. diabetes@infomed.sld.cu
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cabrera-Rode
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sarmiento
authors.forename: Gisela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Molina
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.forename: Celeste
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arranz
authors.forename: José A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Galvan
authors.forename: Mirta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prieto
authors.forename: Julio
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Barrios
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Palomera
authors.forename: Magile
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.forename: Pedro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mas
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Díaz-Díaz
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Díaz-Horta
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001170:Arthritis, Infectious / Q000097:blood; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003462:Cuba; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D009500:Neutralization Tests
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; C024211:islet cell antibody