title: Triphenyltin and Tributyltin inhibit pig testicular 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase activity and suppress testicular testosterone biosynthesis.
abstract: We previously reported that tributyltin chloride (TBT) and triphenyltin chloride (TPT) powerfully suppressed human chorionic gonadotropin- and 8-bromo-cAMP-stimulated testosterone production in pig Leydig cells at concentrations that were not cytotoxic [Nakajima Y, Sato Q, Ohno S, Nakajin S. Organotin compounds suppress testosterone production in Leydig cells from neonatal pig testes. J Health Sci 2003;49:514-9]. This study investigated the effects of these organotin compounds on the activity of enzymes involved in testosterone biosynthesis in pig testis. At relatively low concentrations of TPT, 17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase (17beta-HSD; IC(50)=2.6microM) and cytochrome P450 17alpha-hydroxylase/C(17-20) lyase (IC(50)=117microM) activities were inhibited, whereas cholesterol side-chain cleavage cytochrome P450 and 3beta-HSD/Delta(4)-Delta(5) isomerase activities were less sensitive. Overall, TPT was more effective than TBT. TPT also inhibited both ferredoxin reductase and P450 reductase activities at concentrations over 30microM; however, TBT had no effect, even at 100microM. The IC(50) values of TPT were estimated to be 25.7 and 22.8microM for ferredoxin reductase and P450 reductase, respectively. The inhibitory effect of TPT (30microM) on microsomal 17beta-HSD activity from pig testis was eliminated by pretreatment with the reducing agents dithiothreitol (1mM) and dithioerythritol (1mM). On the other hand, TPT (0.03microM) or TBT (0.1microM) exposure suppressed the testosterone production from androstenedione in pig Leydig cells indicating that these organotins inhibit 17beta-HSD activity in vivo as well as in vitro, and the IC(50) values of TPT and TBT for 17beta-HSD activity were estimated to be 48 and 114nM, respectively. Based on these results, it appears possible that the effects of TBT and TPT are largely due to direct inhibition of 17beta-HSD activity in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Hoshi University College of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-4-41 Ebara, Shinagawa-ku, Tokyo 142-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Shuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: Yonako
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Shizuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakajin
mesh_terms: D015067:17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002786:Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D004226:Dithioerythritol / Q000494:pharmacology; D004229:Dithiothreitol / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005287:Ferredoxin-NADP Reductase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D007985:Leydig Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008861:Microsomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D009251:NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D009947:Organotin Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine; D013737:Testis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D013739:Testosterone / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D014220:Trialkyltin Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D009947:Organotin Compounds; D014220:Trialkyltin Compounds; D013739:Testosterone; C011559:tributyltin; D004226:Dithioerythritol; C030665:triphenyltin; D015067:17-Hydroxysteroid Dehydrogenases; C476565:17beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 3; C044256:3 (or 17)-beta-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase; D013254:Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase; D002786:Cholesterol Side-Chain Cleavage Enzyme; D005287:Ferredoxin-NADP Reductase; D009251:NADPH-Ferrihemoprotein Reductase; D004229:Dithiothreitol