title: Differential nucleotide regulation of KATP channels by SUR1 and SUR2A.
abstract: ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channels are heterooctamers of an inward rectifier potassium channel (Kir6) and a sulfonylurea receptor (SUR, a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter family). In the pancreatic beta-cell K(ATP) channels are dynamically active, and transgenic expression of overactive Kir6.2 mutants leads to severe neonatal diabetes and death, while in the ventricular cardiomyocyte they are closed except under conditions of severe metabolic inhibition, and similarly overactive transgenes are without gross phenotypic consequence. This discrepancy may arise in part from differences at the molecular level between the two SUR isotypes that constitute the regulatory subunit of the K(ATP) channel in those tissues: SUR1 in the pancreas, SUR2A in the heart. K(ATP) channels generated from coexpression of Kir6.2 with SUR1 exhibit greater MgADP stimulation than channels generated from coexpression of Kir6.2 with SUR2A. This difference persists when the open state stability of the channel is enhanced by application of PIP(2), consistent with each isotype transducing an intrinsically different energetic contribution to the channel pore. When expressed as isolated, affinity-purified protein constructs, NBF2 of SUR1 exhibits increased in vitro ATP hydrolysis compared to NBF2 of SUR2A. This biochemical difference may underlie the increased MgADP stimulation exhibited by SUR1-containing channels vs. SUR2A-containing channels, which may in turn contribute to physiological differences, observed at the tissue level, between pancreatic and cardiac K(ATP) channels.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA.
authors.forename: Ricard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Masia
authors.forename: Decha
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Enkvetchakul
authors.forename: Colin G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Nichols
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D019556:COS Cells; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006868:Hydrolysis; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007700:Kinetics; D008954:Models, Biological; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D019269:Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D017354:Point Mutation; D015221:Potassium Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D024661:Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011955:Receptors, Drug / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D064233:Sulfonylurea Receptors
chemical_list: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D015415:Biomarkers; D019269:Phosphatidylinositol 4,5-Diphosphate; D015221:Potassium Channels; D024661:Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; D011955:Receptors, Drug; D064233:Sulfonylurea Receptors; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases