title: Outcomes and safety of surgical lung biopsy for interstitial lung disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the safety of surgical lung biopsy (SLB) in patients with interstitial lung disease (ILD), and specifically in those with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary care university-affiliated military medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Individuals undergoing SLB for suspected ILD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We examined outcomes for subjects with a clinical diagnosis of ILD who had been designated to undergo SLB. Mortality (assessed at 30 and 90 days) following SLB represented the primary end point. Morbidity resulting from complications from SLB served as a secondary end point. The cohort included 83 patients (mean [+/- SD] age, 57.3 +/- 14.2 years; men, 57.8%). IPF was eventually diagnosed in slightly more than half of the subjects. Overall, 30-day and 90-day mortality rates were low (4.8% and 6.0%, respectively). Subjects with IPF did well with SLB (30-day mortality rate, 7.1%) and did not face a higher risk of either death or complications relative to individuals with non-IPF forms of ILD. The only predictors of perioperative mortality were either the need for mechanical ventilation (MV) at the time of SLB or being immunosuppressed prior to undergoing SLB. Excluding persons who met either criterion yielded an overall 90-day post-SLB mortality rate of 1.5% in persons with IPF. Approximately 40% of patients in whom IPF was eventually diagnosed were initially thought to have another form of ILD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Persons with IPF tolerate SLB well. Requiring MV or being immunosuppressed is associated with an increased risk for death following SLB. Safety concerns should not preclude referral for SLB in patients who are clinically suspected of having IPF.
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine Service, Walter Reed Army Medical Center, Washington, DC 20307, USA. Christopher.lettieri@na.amedd.army.mil <Christopher.lettieri@na.amedd.army.mil>
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Lettieri
authors.forename: Ganesh R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Veerappan
authors.forename: Donald L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Helman
authors.forename: Charles R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Mulligan
authors.forename: Andrew F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Shorr
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011658:Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome