title: Different optic nerve injury sites result in different responses of retinal ganglion cells to brain-derived neurotrophic factor but not neurotrophin-4/5.
abstract: In this study, we investigated whether brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotrophin-4/5 (NT-4/5) can achieve prolonged protection on retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) and whether site of axon injury modulates RGC response to neurotrophins. Two optic nerve (ON) injury paradigms, proximal and distal transections, were used. Autologous sciatic nerves were grafted onto ON stump in some animals to provide a suitable environment for axons to regrow. Multiple intravitreal injections of saline, BDNF, or NT-4/5 were performed. Immunohistochemistry was used to determine the proportion of RGCs that were expressing trkB. Twenty days after proximal injury, both BDNF and NT-4/5 promoted RGC survival; this protection diminished 30 days after injury. One month after distal injury, BDNF, but not NT-4/5, promoted RGC survival (by 2-fold). No difference in the proportion of trkB expressing RGCs among the viable ones was seen between the two injury models or after BDNF treatment. Interestingly, the mean size of RGC somata was larger after proximal injury than distal injury. This study demonstrates that (1) RGCs respond differently to neurotrophins under different injury conditions, (2) BDNF but not NT-4/5 significantly enhances survival of distally but not proximally injured RGCs over a prolonged period.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Neural Repair, Shantou University Medical College, 22 Xinling Road, Shantou 515031, China.
authors.forename: Ye
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhi
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Cheng-Wu
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Henry K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Yip
authors.forename: Kwok-Fai
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: So
authors.forename: Qi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Cui
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019771:Axotomy; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D048429:Cell Size / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D006224:Cricetinae; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000601:surgery; D020221:Optic Nerve Injuries; D020813:Receptor, trkB / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000637:transplantation; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor; C089191:neurotrophin 4(5) receptor; D020813:Receptor, trkB