Identification of a novel alpha1-antitrypsin null variant (Q0Cairo).
Alpha1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is a common hereditary disorder associated with high risk of developing pulmonary emphysema early in life and, to a lesser extent, chronic liver disease and cirrhosis. Among Northern Europeans and Northern Americans, more than 95% of individuals with emphysema associated with AATD carry the most frequent AAT deficient gene variants, PI*Z and PI*S. Rare AAT deficient variants account for 2-4% of AATD individuals. We extend the sequence data on AAT by characterizing a novel Null allele detected in 3 subjects: a carrier belonging to an Italian/Egyptian family and 2 members of a family originating from Southern Italy. The mutation raised on a M1 (Ala213) base allele and it is characterized by an A-->T transversion at exon III, nt 218, codon 259 (AAA-->TAA) (GeneBank accession number AY 256958). The transversion results in a premature stop codon (Lys259AAA-->Stop259TAA). The proposed nomenclature of Q0cairo is from the birthplace of the father of first recognized subject. Serum levels and isoelectric focusing of AAT were consistent with the presence of the Null variant.
Zorzetto
Michele
M
Clinica Malattie Apparato Respiratorio, IRCCS Policlinico S. Matteo, Pavia 27100, Italy. m.zorzetto@smatteo.pv.it
Ferrarotti
Ilaria
I
Campo
Ilaria
I
Balestrino
Antonella
A
Nava
Stefano
S
Gorrini
Marina
M
Scabini
Roberta
R
Mazzola
Paola
P
Luisetti
Maurizio
M
D000293:Adolescent; D000483:Alleles; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin / Q000235:genetics*; D019896:alpha 1-Antitrypsin Deficiency / Q000235:genetics*
D000515:alpha 1-Antitrypsin