title: Marinitoga hydrogenitolerans sp. nov., a novel member of the order Thermotogales isolated from a black smoker chimney on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge.
abstract: A novel, thermophilic, anaerobic bacterium that is able to tolerate hydrogen was isolated from a deep-sea hydrothermal chimney collected at the Rainbow field on the Mid-Atlantic Ridge. Cells were rod-shaped and surrounded by a sheath-like outer structure (toga); they were weakly motile by means of a polar flagellum. They appeared singly, in pairs or in short chains. They grew at 35-65 degrees C (optimum 60 degrees C), pH 4.5-8.5 (optimum pH 6.0) and 10-65 g sea salts l(-1) (optimum 30-40 g l(-1)). The isolate was organotrophic, and able to grow on various carbohydrates or complex proteinaceous substrates. Growth was not inhibited under 100 % hydrogen or in the presence of 2 % oxygen in the gas phase. The isolate reduces sulfur, although sulfur reduction is not required for growth. The fermentation products identified on glucose were acetate, ethanol, formate, hydrogen and CO(2). The G + C content of the genomic DNA was 28 +/- 1 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene placed the strain within the genus Marinitoga, order Thermotogales, in the bacterial domain. On the basis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence comparisons and physiological characteristics, the isolate is considered to represent a novel species, for which the name Marinitoga hydrogenitolerans sp. nov. is proposed. The type strain is AT1271(T) (=DSM 16785(T) = JCM 12826(T)).
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Biotechnologie des Extrêmophiles, IFREMER, Centre de Brest, BP 70, 29280 Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Postec
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Biotechnologie des Extrêmophiles, IFREMER, Centre de Brest, BP 70, 29280 Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: Claire Le
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Breton
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire IRD de Microbiologie des Anaérobies, UR 101, Universités de Provence et de la Méditerranée, CESB-ESIL, case 925, 163 avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Laure
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Fardeau
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Biotechnologie des Extrêmophiles, IFREMER, Centre de Brest, BP 70, 29280 Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: Françoise
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lesongeur
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Biotechnologie des Extrêmophiles, IFREMER, Centre de Brest, BP 70, 29280 Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pignet
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Biotechnologie des Extrêmophiles, IFREMER, Centre de Brest, BP 70, 29280 Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: Joël
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Querellou
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire IRD de Microbiologie des Anaérobies, UR 101, Universités de Provence et de la Méditerranée, CESB-ESIL, case 925, 163 avenue de Luminy, 13288 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ollivier
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Microbiologie et de Biotechnologie des Extrêmophiles, IFREMER, Centre de Brest, BP 70, 29280 Plouzané, France.
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Godfroy
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D001267:Atlantic Ocean; D001482:Base Composition; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism; D005407:Flagella / Q000502:physiology; D005561:Formates / Q000378:metabolism; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D016965:Gram-Negative Anaerobic Straight, Curved, and Helical Rods / Q000145:classification* / Q000166:cytology / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009068:Movement; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010100:Oxygen / Q000633:toxicity; D010802:Phylogeny; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012623:Seawater / Q000382:microbiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013455:Sulfur / Q000378:metabolism; D014871:Water Microbiology
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005561:Formates; D011506:Proteins; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; C030544:formic acid; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D000431:Ethanol; D013455:Sulfur; D006859:Hydrogen; D019342:Acetic Acid; D010100:Oxygen