title: Wavelet-based compression of M-FISH images.
abstract: Multiplex fluorescence in situ hybridization (M-FISH) is a recently developed technology that enables multi-color chromosome karyotyping for molecular cytogenetic analysis. Each M-FISH image set consists of a number of aligned images of the same chromosome specimen captured at different optical wavelength. This paper presents embedded M-FISH image coding (EMIC), where the foreground objects/chromosomes and the background objects/images are coded separately. We first apply critically sampled integer wavelet transforms to both the foreground and the background. We then use object-based bit-plane coding to compress each object and generate separate embedded bitstreams that allow continuous lossy-to-lossless compression of the foreground and the background. For efficient arithmetic coding of bit planes, we propose a method of designing an optimal context model that specifically exploits the statistical characteristics of M-FISH images in the wavelet domain. Our experiments show that EMIC achieves nearly twice as much compression as Lempel-Ziv-Welch coding. EMIC also performs much better than JPEG-LS and JPEG-2000 for lossless coding. The lossy performance of EMIC is significantly better than that of coding each M-FISH image with JPEG-2000.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA. huajp@ee.tamu.edu
authors.forename: Jianping
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.forename: Zixiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xiong
authors.forename: Qiang
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Kenneth R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Castleman
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D044962:Data Compression / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods*; D036641:Microscopy, Fluorescence, Multiphoton / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted