title: Cyclooxygenase-1-deficient mice have high sleep-to-wake blood pressure ratios and renal vasoconstriction.
abstract: We used cyclooxygenase-1 (COX-1)-deficient mice to test the hypothesis that COX-1 regulates blood pressure (BP) and renal hemodynamics. The awake time (AT) mean arterial pressures (MAPs) measured by telemetry were not different between COX-1(+/+) and COX-1(-/-) (131+/-2 versus 126+/-3 mm Hg; NS). However, COX-1(-/-) had higher sleep time (ST) MAP (93+/-1 versus 97+/-2 mm Hg; P<0.05) and sleep-to-awake BP ratio (+8.6%; P<0.05). Under anesthesia with moderate sodium loading, COX-1(-/-) had higher MAP (109+/-5 versus 124+/-4 mm Hg; P<0.05), renal vascular resistance (23.5+/-1.6 versus 30.7+/-1.7 mm Hg . mL(-1) . min(-1) . g(-1); P<0.05) and filtration fraction (33.7+/-2.1 versus 40.2+/-2.0%; P<0.05). COX-1(-/-) had a 89% reduction (P<0.0001) in the excretion of TxB2, a 76% reduction (P<0.01) in PGE2, a 40% reduction (P<0.0002) in 6-ketoPGF1alpha (6keto), a 27% reduction (P<0.02) in 11-betaPGF2alpha (11beta), a 35% reduction (P<0.01) in nitrate plus nitrite (NOx), and a 52% increase in metanephrine (P<0.02). The excretion of normetanephrine, a marker for sympathetic nervous activity, was reduced during ST in COX-1(+/+) (6.9+/-0.9 versus 3.2+/-0.6 g . g(-1) creatinine . 10(-3); P<0.01). This was blunted in COX-1(-/-) (5.1+/-0.9 versus 4.9+/-0.7 g . g(-1) creatinine . 10(-3); NS). Urine collection during ST showed lower excretion of 6keto, 11beta, NOx, aldosterone, sodium, and potassium than during AT in both COX-1(+/+) and COX-1(-/-), and there were positive correlations among these parameters (6keto versus NOx; P<0.005; 11beta versus NOx; P<0.005; and NOx versus sodium; P<0.005). In conclusion, COX-1 mediates a suppressed sympathetic nervous activity and enhanced NO, which may contribute to renal vasodilatation and a reduced MAP while asleep or under anesthesia. COX-1 contributes to the normal nocturnal BP dipping phenomenon.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Kidney Institute, Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Georgetown University, Washington, DC 20007-2197, USA.
authors.forename: Noritaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawada
authors.forename: Glenn
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Solis
authors.forename: Nathan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ivey
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Connors
authors.forename: Kathryn
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dennehy
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Modlinger
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hamel
authors.forename: Julie T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Kawada
authors.forename: Enyu
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Imai
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Langenbach
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Welch
authors.forename: Christopher S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Wilcox
mesh_terms: D000450:Aldosterone / Q000652:urine; D000818:Animals; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000652:urine; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D002395:Catecholamines / Q000378:metabolism; D006339:Heart Rate; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009043:Motor Activity; D009318:Natriuresis; D009566:Nitrates / Q000652:urine; D009573:Nitrites / Q000652:urine; D011188:Potassium / Q000652:urine; D012079:Renal Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D012890:Sleep / Q000502:physiology*; D013686:Telemetry; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000502:physiology*; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D002395:Catecholamines; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D000450:Aldosterone; D011188:Potassium