title: A basal epithelial phenotype is more frequent in interval breast cancers compared with screen detected tumors.
abstract: Interval breast cancer reduce the effectiveness of mammography screening programs. We studied 95 interval cancers, diagnosed during 1996 to 2001 as part of the population-based Norwegian Breast Cancer Screening Program. These cases were matched on size (+/-2.0 mm) to 95 screen-detected breast cancers, and the tumors were compared by immunohistochemical methods using tissue microarrays. Patients with interval cancers were more likely to be younger [odds ratio (OR), 4.7; P = 0.0001], to have dense breasts (OR, 3.4; P = 0.004), and to have estrogen receptor-negative tumors (OR, 2.6, P = 0.01), and p53 expression was more frequent (OR, 4.0; P = 0.001). Notably, interval cancers were more likely to have a basal epithelial phenotype, in that expression of cytokeratin 5/6 (OR, 2.3; P = 0.04) and P-cadherin (OR, 2.5; P = 0.04) was more frequent in interval cases than in size-matched, screen-detected tumors. In a logistic regression model, p53 expression, age, and breast density were independent predictors of interval cancers. Our data suggest that breast cancers with a basal epithelial phenotype are more likely than nonbasal breast cancers to present between regular mammograms.
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology Program, Karp Family Research Labs 12.125, Children's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115-5737, USA.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Collett
authors.forename: Ingunn M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Stefansson
authors.forename: Johan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eide
authors.forename: Audun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Braaten
authors.forename: Hege
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Geir Egil
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Eide
authors.forename: Steinar Ø
authors.initials: SØ
authors.lastname: Thoresen
authors.forename: William D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Foulkes
authors.forename: Lars A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Akslen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D001940:Breast / Q000502:physiology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015820:Cadherins; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005260:Female; D016158:Genes, p53; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007633:Keratins; D016015:Logistic Models; D008327:Mammography; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009664:Norway; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010641:Phenotype; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015820:Cadherins; D004396:Coloring Agents; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D007633:Keratins