title: [Distribution of haplotypes for four Y-sTR loci and validation in forensic science by using a double-fluorescent multiplex PCR system].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We focus on developing a multiplex PCR system for Y-STR loci that can be detected by double fluorescent system and assessing their usefulness in forensic mixture samples.
  
  
  METHODS
  The primers of four Y-STR loci (DYS-GATA-A10, DYS531, DYS557 and DYS448) amplified by multiplex PCR technique were labeled with fluorescence, then the PCR products of these Y-STRs loci were detecting and typing by ABI PRISM310 Genetic Analyzer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When 120 unrelated individuals from the Han population in Chengdu were detected by the system, Y-GATA-A10, DYS531, DYS557 and DYS448 showed 5, 5, 8, 7 alleles, respectively. A total of 78 different haplotypes was identified and the genetic diversity reached 0.9881. To the three cases of mixture stains failed by using conventional autosomal STR analysis, our multiplex system drew conforming conclusion comparing to the suspect's Y-STRs genotypes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show that the multiplex system of four Y-STR will be very powerful for Y-STR database establishing, the paternity testing and mixture stains identifying.
authors.affiliation: Department of Forensic Biology, West China School of Preclinical and Forensic Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Mei-sen
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Ying-bi
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Bin-wu
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Ying
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D041322:Chromosomes, Human, Y / Q000235:genetics*; D004247:DNA / Q000097:blood; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005554:Forensic Medicine; D005819:Genetic Markers; D005828:Genetics, Population; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D004247:DNA