The plant multigenic family of thiol peroxidases.
Thiol peroxidases are ubiquitous recently characterized heme-free peroxidases, which catalyze the reduction of peroxynitrites and of various peroxides by catalytic cysteine residues and thiol-containing proteins as reductants. In plants, five different classes can be distinguished, according to the number and the position of conserved catalytic cysteines. Four classes are defined as peroxiredoxins and were already identified by phylogenetic sequence analysis, 1-Cys, 2-Cys, type II, and type Q peroxiredoxins, and the fifth is represented by glutathione peroxidases, which were recently shown to possess a thioredoxin-dependent activity in plants. Since the discovery of peroxiredoxins in plants in 1996, a lot of work has been devoted to the biochemical and functional characterization of the different peroxiredoxin isoforms, but in contrast, few structural data are available. The analysis of the Arabidopsis thaliana genome indicates that at least 17 isoforms of thioredoxin-dependent peroxidases are expressed in various plant compartments. The role of these proteins is discussed in terms of electron donor and substrate specificities and in light of their expression and localization. These enzymes are expressed in many plant tissues and are involved notably in the protection of the photosynthetic apparatus, in the response to various biotic or abiotic stresses by fighting reactive oxygen or nitrogen species and lipid peroxidation.
Rouhier
Nicolas
N
Unité Mixte de Recherches 1136 INRA UHP (Interaction Arbres Microorganismes), Université Henri Poincaré BP 239, 54506 Vandoeuvre Cedex, France. nrouhier@scbiol.uhp-nancy.fr
Jacquot
Jean-Pierre
JP
D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics; D060387:Ascorbate Peroxidases; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D003545:Cysteine / Q000737:chemistry; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant; D018745:Genome, Plant; D054477:Glutaredoxins; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism; D005810:Multigene Family; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D054464:Peroxiredoxins; D010788:Photosynthesis; D010802:Phylogeny; D018521:Plant Physiological Phenomena; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D013879:Thioredoxins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
D054477:Glutaredoxins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013879:Thioredoxins; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D010544:Peroxidases; D060387:Ascorbate Peroxidases; D054464:Peroxiredoxins; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase; D005978:Glutathione; D003545:Cysteine