title: Anti-inflammatory activities of flavonoids isolated from Caesalpinia pulcherrima.
abstract: The anti-inflammatory activities of five flavonoids, namely 5,7-dimethoxyflavanone (1), 5,7-dimethoxy-3',4'-methylenedioxyflavanone (2), isobonducellin (3), 2'-hydroxy-2,3,4',6'-tetramethoxychalcone (4) and bonducellin (5), all of them isolated from Caesalpinia pulcherrima L. was studied in lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon (IFN)-gamma activated murine peritoneal macrophages. These five compounds significantly and dose-dependently inhibited the inflammatory mediators; nitric oxide (NO), and cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and interleukin (IL)-12]. According to their inhibitory results, the order of anti-inflammatory potency was compounds 3>5>4>2>1. Furthermore, peritoneal macrophages were pre-activated with LPS/IFN-gamma for 24h, and determined the inhibitory effects of the above-mentioned isolates on the production of NO after a further 24h. The present study supports the use of Caesalpinia pulcherrima for the treatment of inflammatory diseases in traditional medicine. This is the first study on compounds 1-5 about their anti-inflammatory activities.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, Chaoyang University of Technology, Wufeng, Taichung Country 413, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Yerra Koteswara
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Shih-Hua
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Yew-Min
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Tzeng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D029911:Caesalpinia / Q000737:chemistry*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000494:pharmacology; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009573:Nitrites / Q000378:metabolism; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D005419:Flavonoids; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D009573:Nitrites; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D018664:Interleukin-12; C022616:thiazolyl blue