title: Topical exposure to carbon disulfide induces epidermal permeability alterations in physiological and pathological changes.
abstract: Carbon disulfide (CS2) has been suggested its possible skin toxicity. Neither a dose-response relationship nor any mechanism of CS2-exposure regarding epidermal permeability alterations has been postulated. The objectives of this study were to evaluate the dose-dependent association and the pathological changes with CS2 topically applied to mouse epidermis. Four concentrations of CS2 (0% (controls), 10%, 15%, and 20% in ethanol) were topically applied to a 1.8 cm2 area of the lateral abdomen of female nude mice for 10 min. Time-series transepidermal water loss (TEWL) profile, morphological examinations by both light microscopy (hematoxylin/eosin stain and Nile Red stain) and electronic microscopy, and lipid analysis by high performance thin-layer chromatography (HPTLC) were used to evaluate the epidermal impairment. We found no recovery occurred within 72 h exposure to 20% CS2 in contrast to substantial recovery found in 10% and 15% CS2-exposure. Clear dose-dependent fashions were shown in TEWL elevations, recovery retardation, and lipid extraction across the ethanol (control), 10%, 15%, and 20% CS2 exposures. Two mechanistic pathways were raised to account for CS2-induced epidermal alterations: intercellular lipid depletion and keratinocyte damage. A study with different test animal species is warranted owing to the discrepancies in epidermis between nude mice and other species.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, 138 Sheng-Li Road, Tainan 704, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Tzu-Chieh
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Jui-Chen
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Hamm-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Sheu
authors.forename: Chauying-J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Jen
authors.forename: Tung-Sheng
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Shih
authors.forename: Ho-Yuan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D002246:Carbon Disulfide / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004817:Epidermis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure; D005260:Female; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000378:metabolism; D008055:Lipids / Q000032:analysis; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D010539:Permeability; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D012869:Skin Absorption
chemical_list: D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D008055:Lipids; D002246:Carbon Disulfide