title: Effect of exercise on age-related changes in collagen fibril diameter distributions in the common digital extensor tendons of young horses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether specific treadmill exercise regimens would accelerate age-related changes in collagen fibril diameter distributions in the common digital extensor tendon (CDET) of the forelimbs of young Thoroughbreds.
  
  
  METHODS
  24 female Thoroughbreds.
  
  
  METHODS
  Horses were trained for 18 weeks (6 horses; short term) or 18 months (5 horses; long term) on a high-speed treadmill; 2 age-matched control groups (6 horses/group) performed walking exercise only. Horses were (mean +/- SD) 24 +/- 1 months and 39 +/- 1 months old at termination of the short-term and long-term regimens, respectively. Midmetacarpal CDET specimens were obtained and processed for transmission electron microscopy. Diameter and area of at least 1,000 collagen fibrils/specimen were measured by use of computerized image analysis. Mass-average diameter (MAD) of collagen fibrils and collagen fibril index were calculated for each horse.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Collagen fibril MAD for the older horses was significantly less than that for the younger horses. Exercise did not significantly affect fibril diameter or distributions in either age group, and collagen fibril index did not differ significantly between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Age-related reduction in collagen fibril MAD agreed with findings for other tendons and species. Training did not accelerate age-related change in the CDET in contrast to a reported decrease in collagen fibril MAD in the superficial digital flexor tendon of horses trained long term. Our results support the concept that the functionally distinct nature of the CDET and superficial digital flexor tendon in horses results in fundamentally different responses to high-speed exercise regimens.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK.
authors.forename: Lindsey J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: Allen E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Goodship
authors.forename: Helen L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Birch
authors.forename: Janet C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Patterson-Kane
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005552:Forelimb / Q000502:physiology; D006736:Horses / Q000502:physiology*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission / Q000662:veterinary; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013708:Tendon Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D013710:Tendons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen