title: Local administration of NF-kappa B decoy oligonucleotides to prevent restenosis after balloon angioplasty: an experimental study in New Zealand white rabbits.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of NF-kappa B oligonucleotides (ODN) administered by local administration with the channeled balloon catheter to prevent restenosis after balloon angioplasty in restenotic iliac arteries of New Zealand white rabbits.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vitro, 8000 rabbit vascular smooth muscle cells (rVSMC) where transfected with a liposomal carrier (TfX50) with 100 ng of decoy and scrambled ODN. Inhibition of proliferation was measured using a MTT assay after 24 hours in comparison to control. In vivo, 22 male New Zealand White rabbits were fed a 1% cholesterol diet and received denudation of both common iliac arteries with a 3 mm balloon catheter to induce an arterial stenosis. Four weeks after stenosis induction, local application of NF-kappa B in two different concentrations (1 mug: n = 14; 10 mug: n = 8) was performed randomly on one common iliac artery. Scrambled oligonucleotides without specific binding capacities were injected into the contralateral side. The channeled balloon catheter allows simultaneous balloon dilation (8 atm) of the stenosis and local application of a drug solution (2 atm). Four weeks after local drug delivery the animals were killed and the vessels were excised and computerized morphometric measurements were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NF-kappa B decoy ODN but not scrambled ODN inhibited proliferation of rVSMC in vitro. Following local ODN application in the animals, no acute vascular complications were seen. NF-kappa B ODN resulted in a statistically non significant reduction of neointimal area compared to the control group. The neointimal area was 0.97 mm(2) using 1 mug NF-kappa B ODN compared to 0.98 mm(2) in the control group. The higher dose resulted in a neointimal area of 0.97 mm(2) compared to 1.07 mm(2) at the control side.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Local drug delivery of NF-kappa B ODN using the "channeled balloon" catheter could not reduce neointimal hyperplasia in stenostic rabbit iliac arteries. Application modalities have to be improved to enhance the effect of the local application to prevent restenosis after balloon angioplasty.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Philipps University Hospital, Baldingerstrasse, 35033 Marburg, Germany. kalinows@mailer.uni-marburg.de
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kalinowski
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Viehofer
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hamann
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Barry
authors.forename: Beate
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kleb
authors.forename: Klaus Jochen
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Klose
authors.forename: Hans-Joachim
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Heiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alfke
mesh_terms: D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon; D000818:Animals; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy; D002404:Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003251:Constriction, Pathologic / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006965:Hyperplasia; D007083:Iliac Artery / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: C468119:NF-kappaB decoy; D009838:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides