title: Do women in the community recognize hereditary and sporadic breast cancer risk factors?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe knowledge of hereditary, familial, and sporadic breast cancer risk factors among women in the community and to identify characteristics associated with this knowledge.
  
  
  METHODS
  Descriptive, cross-sectional.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community settings in the San Francisco Bay Area.
  
  
  METHODS
  184 women who had never been diagnosed with cancer, were 30-85 years old (mean = 47 + 12), and agreed to complete a questionnaire in English. Participants were from diverse racial and cultural backgrounds (i.e., 43% European descent, 27% African descent, 16% Asian descent, and 14% Hispanic descent). Many (49%) were college graduates, and 24% had a median annual family income of $30,000-$50,000.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  Knowledge of hereditary, familial, and sporadic breast cancer risk factors and characteristics associated with this knowledge.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although most women recognized heredity as a risk factor, some did not understand the impact of paternal family history on risk. Some women did not recognize the relationship between breast and ovarian cancer, risk factors associated with the Gail model, and that aging increases risk. Education level was the most important characteristic associated with knowledge of risk factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although age and family history are independent predictors of sporadic, hereditary, and familial breast cancer risk, women in the community could not distinguish between the three forms of the disease. Although the sample included a large number of educated women, their knowledge of breast cancer risk factors appeared incomplete.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Advanced practice nurses should provide individualized risk assessment and education regarding breast cancer risk factors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, University of California, San Francisco, USA. maria.katapodi@nursing.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Maria C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Katapodi
authors.forename: Bradley E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Aouizerat
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors