title: Recent progress of structural biology of tRNA processing and modification.
abstract: Transfer RNA (tRNA) is a key molecule to decode the genetic information on mRNA to amino aicds (protein), in a ribosome. For tRNA to fulfill its adopter function, tRNA should be processed into the standard length, and be post-transcriptionally modified. This modification step is essential for the tRNA to maintain the canonical L-shaped structure, which is required for the decoding function of tRNA. Otherwise, it has recently been proposed that modification procedure itself contributes to the RNA (re)folding, where the modification enzymes function as a kind of RNA chaperones. Recent genome analyses and post-genome (proteomics and transcriptomics) analyses have identified genes involved in the tRNA processings and modifications. Furthermore, post-genomic structural analysis has elucidated the structural basis for the tRNA maturation mechanism. In this paper, the recent progress of the structural biology of the tRNA processing and modification is reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Information, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, Kanagawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kotaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakanishi
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nureki
mesh_terms: D000604:Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D012323:RNA Processing, Post-Transcriptional; D012343:RNA, Transfer / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D012270:Ribosomes; D012359:tRNA Methyltransferases / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D012343:RNA, Transfer; D012359:tRNA Methyltransferases; D000604:Amino Acyl-tRNA Synthetases