Variation in the alpha2B-adrenergic receptor gene (ADRA2B) and its relationship to vascular response in vivo.
The alpha2B-adrenergic receptor (ADRA2B) plays an important role in vasoconstriction and blood pressure regulation. One common variant in the ADRA2B gene (del 301--303) has been identified, and results in markedly decreased receptor desensitization in vitro but does not alter vascular sensitivity in vivo. Therefore, we fully characterized genetic variations in ADRA2B and related them to phenotype in vivo. We examined 5812 bp of contiguous sequence of ADRA2B (promoter, exonic, and 3'-untranslated region; 3'-UTR) using the polymerase chain reaction to amplify the genomic target followed by bidirectional sequencing (n=68). Haplotypes were inferred using an expectation maximization algorithm. Vasoconstriction in response to increasing doses of the highly selective alpha2-adrenergic receptor agonist, dexmedetomidine (0.01--1000 ng/min) was measured in the dorsal hand vein using a linear variable differential transformer. The dose that produced 50% (ED50) of maximum venoconstriction (Emax) was determined for each subject from the individual dose--response curves. ED50 and Emax were compared in subjects with and without variant alleles and haplotypes of interest. We identified 24 variable sites, 12 in the promoter region, five in the coding region (including two previously described as non-synonymous variants) and seven in the 3'-UTR region. Four haplotypes were inferred, representing approximately 95% of the cohort. One haplotype, characterized by two single nucleotide polymorphisms in the promoter region, and one in the 3'-UTR, occurred in seven of 38 African-Americans, and was associated with a lower Emax, 61.3% [95% confidence interval (CI) 39.5--83.0, n=7] compared to 78.1% (CI 73.8--82.5) in wild-types (n=61) (P=0.02). There was no association between the nine common variants and dexmedetomidine ED50. We have described novel variants and haplotypes of the ADRA2B gene. These do not alter sensitivity to a selective alpha2-adrenergic receptor agonist but some may decrease maximal venoconstriction in vivo.
Muszkat
Mordechai
M
Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, Tennessee 37232-6602, USA.
Kurnik
Daniel
D
Solus
Joseph
J
Sofowora
Gbenga G
GG
Xie
Hong-Guang
HG
Jiang
Lan
L
McMunn
Chara
C
Ihrie
Patrick
P
Harris
James R
JR
Dawson
Elliott P
EP
Williams
Scott M
SM
Wood
Alastair J J
AJ
Stein
C Michael
CM
D000293:Adolescent; D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000328:Adult; D001483:Base Sequence; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000502:physiology*; D017931:DNA Primers; D020927:Dexmedetomidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D018341:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects
D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D017931:DNA Primers; D018341:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-2; D020927:Dexmedetomidine