Reimmunization after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation.
Hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients lose immune memory of exposure to infectious agents and vaccines accumulated through a lifetime, and therefore need to be revaccinated. Reimmunization protocols vary greatly among hematopoietic stem cell transplant centers. Diphtheria and tetanus toxoids, pertussis vaccine, Haemophilus influenza type B conjugate, 23-valent pneumococcal polysaccharide, inactivated influenza and polio vaccine and live attenuated measles-mumps-rubella vaccine are the currently recommended vaccines to be included in a vaccination program after hematopoietic stem cell transplant. Other variables, such as stem cell source, new adjuvants, T-cell depleted transplants, nonmyeloablative conditioning and donor immunization have recently been introduced and a constant update of current recommendations are needed. Studies recently published, the use of other vaccines and the perspectives for different vaccination protocols are discussed in this review.
Machado
Clarisse M
CM
Virology Laboratory, São Paulo Institute of Tropical Medicine, University of São Paulo, SP, Brazil. clarimm@usp.br
D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D007117:Immunization, Secondary / Q000379:methods*