title: Technique-sensitivity of contemporary adhesives.
abstract: Besides micro-mechanical interlocking through hybrid-layer formation, self-etch adhesives may benefit from additional chemical interaction between the functional monomer and residual hydroxyapatite. One-step adhesives are commonly associated with lower bonding effectiveness, which must be attributed in part to the dissolution of hydrophilic and hydrophobic monomers in a relatively highly concentrated solvent. In this 'difficult' mixture, also water is essential as ionization medium to enable self-etching activity. Due to the high hydrophilicity, one-step self-etch adhesives have been reported to behave as semi-permeable membranes, allowing fluids to pass through and seriously jeopardizing bond durability. Recent research has also revealed that HEMA-free one-step adhesives are prone to phase-separation, which may also account for their lower bonding effectiveness. Employing an appropriate air-drying technique may, however, improve the bonding effectiveness of such phase-separating adhesives by getting rid of substantially more interfacial water than HEMA-containing adhesives, of which water might be more difficult to remove from.
authors.affiliation: Leuven BIOMAT Research Cluster, Department of Conservative Dentistry, School of Dentistry, Oral Pathology and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Catholic University of Leuven, Belgium. bart.vanmeerbeek@med.kuleuven.ac.be
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Van Meerbeek
authors.forename: Kirsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Van Landuyt
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De Munck
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Marleen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peumans
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lambrechts
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Kazuomi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000269:Adhesives / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D003745:Dental Enamel Permeability; D003806:Dentin Permeability; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D014906:Wetting Agents / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000269:Adhesives; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D005899:Glass Ionomer Cements; D008689:Methacrylates; D019279:Resin Cements; D014906:Wetting Agents; C005044:hydroxyethyl methacrylate