Transcriptome analysis of Anopheles stephensi-Plasmodium berghei interactions.
Simultaneous microarray-based transcription analysis of 4987 Anopheles stephensi midgut and Plasmodium berghei infection stage specific cDNAs was done at seven successive time points: 6, 20 and 40h, and 4, 8, 14 and 20 days after ingestion of malaria infected blood. The study reveals the molecular components of several Anopheles processes relating to blood digestion, midgut expansion and response to Plasmodium-infected blood such as digestive enzymes, transporters, cytoskeletal and structural components and stress and immune responsive factors. In parallel, the analysis provide detailed expression patterns of Plasmodium genes encoding essential developmental and metabolic factors and proteins implicated in interaction with the mosquito vector and vertebrate host such as kinases, transcription and translational factors, cytoskeletal components and a variety of surface proteins, some of which are potent vaccine targets. Temporal correlation between transcription profiles of both organisms identifies putative gene clusters of interacting processes, such as Plasmodium invasion of the midgut epithelium, Anopheles immune responses to Plasmodium infection, and apoptosis and expulsion of invaded midgut cells from the epithelium. Intriguing transcription patterns for highly variable Plasmodium surface antigens may indicate parasite strategies to avoid recognition by the mosquito's immune surveillance system.
Xu
Xiaojin
X
Department of Biological Sciences, Imperial College, London SW7 2AZ, UK.
Dong
Yuemei
Y
Abraham
Eappen G
EG
Kocan
Anna
A
Srinivasan
Prakash
P
Ghosh
Anil K
AK
Sinden
Robert E
RE
Ribeiro
Jose M C
JM
Jacobs-Lorena
Marcelo
M
Kafatos
Fotis C
FC
Dimopoulos
George
G
D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000469:parasitology*; D004064:Digestive System / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010962:Plasmodium berghei / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D020543:Proteome; D015800:Protozoan Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D019476:Insect Proteins; D020543:Proteome; D015800:Protozoan Proteins