title: Brief case series: montelukast, at doses recommended for asthma treatment, reduces disease severity and increases soluble CD14 in children with atopic dermatitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The choice of oral therapeutic agents for the treatment of atopic dermatitis (AD) in children is limited. Montelukast, a specific cysteinyl leukotriene (LT) receptor antagonist, may be useful in alleviating AD symptoms.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical and immunological effects of montelukast in children with AD.
  
  
  METHODS
  After a 2-week run-in, children with AD were started on oral montelukast 5 mg once-daily for children < 12 years of age and 10 mg for older children. The clinical severity of AD as indicated by the SCORing Atopic Dermatitis (SCORAD) score, and serum soluble CD14 and urinary leukotriene E4 (LTE4) concentrations were evaluated at baseline and the end of a 3-month treatment period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four boys and three girls, with a median (range) age of 12 (3-16) years, participated in the study. The total SCORAD was reduced in five patients (by 30-84%) and remained similar in two patients. Their median (range) SCORAD scores before and after treatment were 34.7 (16.5-54.8) and 17.0 (6.9-36.9) (p = 0.046). The intensity component of SCORAD also decreased from 5 (2-10) to 3 (1-7) (p = 0.042). Serum sCD14 levels increased significantly from 5533 (4575-6452) ng/ml to 6259 (5617-8988) ng/ml (p = 0.028), whereas urinary LTE4 levels remained the same (p = 0.735).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Montelukast, at doses recommended for asthma treatment, resulted in over 30% reduction in the total SCORAD in some children. Treatment with montelukast may also be associated with deviation of the immune system towards the Th1-specific pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Prince of Wales Hospital, Shatin, Hong Kong, SAR, China. ehon@cuhk.edu.hk
authors.forename: K L E
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Hon
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: T F
authors.initials: TF
authors.lastname: Fok
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020024:Leukotriene Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D011804:Quinolines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013440:Sulfides; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D020024:Leukotriene Antagonists; D018950:Lipopolysaccharide Receptors; D011804:Quinolines; D013440:Sulfides; C093875:montelukast