title: A method for profiling gangliosides in animal tissues using electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry.
abstract: Gangliosides are critical in many functions of mammalian cells but present as a minor lipid component with many molecular species of subtle differences. Conventional strategies for profiling gangliosides suffer from poor reproducibility, low sensitivity, and low-throughput capacity. Prior separation of gangliosides by thin-layer chromatography and/or high-performance liquid chromatography not only was laborious and tedious but also could introduce uneven losses of molecular species. We developed a new strategy of using electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) to profile gangliosides with high-throughput potential. This strategy involves three new findings: (i) collision-induced fragmentation of gangliosides gave rise to a common ion of m/z 290, a derivative of N-acetylneuraminic acid; (ii) phospholipids exert a profound suppression of ganglioside detection in ESI-MS/MS to prevent a direct detection in total cellular lipid extracts; and (iii) enrichment of gangliosides in the aqueous phase from total cellular lipid extracts eliminates the damping effect of phospholipids and permits direct precursor scan.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Medical Center Boulevard, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
authors.forename: Zhao-Chun
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Tsui
authors.forename: Qi-Rui
authors.initials: QR
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Samuel
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cui
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D005732:Gangliosides / Q000032:analysis*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005732:Gangliosides; D010743:Phospholipids