title: [A study of frictional resistance of archwires and ligating methods].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect of 4 archwires and 2 ligating methods on the frictional resistance.
  
  
  METHODS
  The static and dynamic friction of different combinations of 4 archwires and 6 preadjusted brackets and 2 ligating methods in the buccal segments were tested in the dry state. The friction was tested by the load cell in the LJ-500 testing machine. Orthogonal experiment design was performed in this study. The data were analysed by analysis of variance and regression analysis using the statistical analysis system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The smallest frictional resistance in 4 different archwires was produced by combination of 0.018 x 0.025 inch stainless rectangular wire and all preadjusted brackets. The biggest frictional resistance in 4 different archwires was produced by combination of 0.019 x 0.025 inch stainless rectangular wire and all preadjusted brackets. The static friction of combination of 0.020 inch stainless round wire and all preadjusted brackets were higher than 0.018 inch stainless round wire. The dynamic friction of combination of 0.018 inch stainless round wire and all preadjusted brackets were higher than 0.020 inch stainless round wire. Among 4 kinds of stainless wires, the ratio of dynamic to static friction of 0.018 inch round wire appeared the highest, followed by 0.018 x 0.025 inch rectangular wire, 0.020 inch round wire and 0.019 x 0.025 inch rectangular wire. Elastomeric ring ligature produced higher friction and the ratio of dynamic to static friction than stainless steel ligature.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  0.018 inch stainless steel round wire was not suitable for sliding mechanics in this study. One should pay attention to anchorage control in using 0.019 x 0.025 inch rectangular wire. Elastomeric ring ligature was not advantageous for sliding of brackets and wires in the dry state.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Huizhou Hospital of Stomatology, Huizhou 516001, Guangdong Province, China. L168525ping@21cn.com
authors.forename: He-ping
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Jian-yong
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D017276:Friction; D008026:Ligation / Q000379:methods*; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D009969:Orthodontic Wires; D013193:Stainless Steel
chemical_list: D013193:Stainless Steel