title: Assessment of the hemodynamic effects of lidocaine administered IV in isoflurane-anesthetized cats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the hemodynamic effects of lidocaine (administered IV to achieve 6 plasma concentrations) in isoflurane-anesthetized cats.
  
  
  METHODS
  6 cats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cats were anesthetized with isoflurane in oxygen (end-tidal isoflurane concentration set at 1.25 times the predetermined individual minimum alveolar concentration). Lidocaine was administered IV to each cat to achieve target pseudo-steady-state plasma concentrations of 0, 3, 5, 7 9, and 11 microg/mL, and isoflurane concentration was reduced to an equipotent concentration. At each plasma lidocaine concentration, cardiovascular and blood gas variables; PCV; and plasma total protein, lactate, lidocaine, and monoethylglycinexylidide concentrations were measured in cats before and during noxious stimulation. Derived variables were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  n isoflurane-anesthetized cats, heart rate, cardiac index, stroke index, right ventricular stroke work index, plasma total protein concentration, mixed-venous PO2 and hemoglobin oxygen saturation, arterial and mixed-venous bicarbonate concentrations, and oxygen delivery were significantly lower during lidocaine administration, compared with values determined without lidocaine administration. Mean arterial pressure, central venous pressure, pulmonary artery pressure, systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance indices, PCV, arterial and mixed-venous hemoglobin concentrations, plasma lactate concentration, arterial oxygen concentration, and oxygen extraction ratio were significantly higher during administration of lidocaine, compared with values determined without lidocaine administration. Noxious stimulation did not significantly affect most variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In isoflurane-anesthetized cats, although IV administration of lidocaine significantly decreased inhalant requirements, it appeared to be associated with greater cardiovascular depression than an equipotent dose of isoflurane alone. Administration of lidocaine to reduce isoflurane requirements is not recommended in cats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Bruno H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Pypendop
authors.forename: Jan E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Ilkiw
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002415:Cats / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D004347:Drug Interactions; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010146:Pain / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D008012:Lidocaine; D007530:Isoflurane; C001173:monoethylglycinexylidide