title: Biological activities of isatin and its derivatives.
abstract: Isatin is an endogenous compound identified in humans that possesses a wide range of biological activities. Isatin has anxiogenic, sedative, anticonvulsant activities and acts as a potent antagonist on atrial natriuretic peptide receptors in vitro. A series of p-substituted isatin semicarbazones have shown anticonvulsant activity in MES, scPTZ and scSTY tests. Various isatin-N-Mannich bases of isatin-3-thiosemicarbazones have shown antiviral and tuberculostatic activity. Methisazone is an effective compound against variola and vaccinia viruses. The N-dimethyl and morpholino derivative of 5-methyl isatin and trimethoprim exhibited an EC50 of more than 4.3 and 17.7 mg mL(-1), respectively. Isatin (3-o-nitrophenyl) hydrazone has shown activity against Walker carcinoma-256. Various substituted indolinones showed antitubercular activity against M. tuberculosis H37Rv with MIC ranging from 10-20 microg mL(-1). Isatin derivatives of Mannich bases had fibrinolytic, muscle relaxant, antiallergic, immunosuppressant, and antithrombotic activity. Isatin showed cardioinhibitory effect on frog heart, and hypotensive, respiratory depression and antidiuretic effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, Institute of Technology, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221 005, India. snpandeya@rediffmail.com
authors.forename: Surendra Nath
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Pandeya
authors.forename: Sivakumar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Smitha
authors.forename: Mayank
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jyoti
authors.forename: Seshaiah Krishnan
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sridhar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007510:Isatin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008352:Mannich Bases / Q000737:chemistry; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D012545:Schiff Bases / Q000737:chemistry; D012664:Semicarbazones / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000927:Anticonvulsants; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D008352:Mannich Bases; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; D012545:Schiff Bases; D012664:Semicarbazones; D007510:Isatin