title: Erythroid cell differentiation is characterized by nuclear matrix localization and phosphorylation of protein kinases C (PKC) alpha, delta, and zeta.
abstract: Protein kinases C (PKC) zeta expression and phosphorylation at nuclear level during dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)-induced differentiation in Friend erythroleukemia cells have been previously reported, suggesting a possible role of this PKC isoform in the DMSO-related signaling. In order to shed more light on this tantalizing topic, we investigated PKC intracellular and sub-cellular localization and activity during DMSO-induced erythroid differentiation. Results indicated that at least PKC alpha, zeta, and delta are strongly and temporally involved in the DMSO-induced differentiation signals since their expression and phosphorylation, though at different extents, were observed during treatments. Intriguingly, while PKC alpha and zeta associate to the nuclear matrix during the differentiation event, PKC delta appears to be residentially associated to the nuclear matrix. Furthermore, an evident downregulation of the beta-globin gene transcription (differentiation hallmark) was detected upon a progressive inhibition of these PKC isoforms by means of specific inhibitors, indicating, therefore, that PKC alpha, zeta, and delta phosphorylation play a crucial role in the control of erythroid differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Cell Signalling Unit, Section of Human Anatomy, Department of Biomorfologia, University "G.d'Annunzio" of Chieti-Pescara, Chieti, Italy.
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marchisio
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Santavenere
authors.forename: Maya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paludi
authors.forename: Anna Rita
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Gaspari
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lanuti
authors.forename: Adriana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bascelli
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ercolino
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Baldassarre
authors.forename: Sebastiano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miscia
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D041905:Erythroid Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D015530:Nuclear Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D051571:Protein Kinase C-alpha; D051745:Protein Kinase C-delta; D000099221:Protein Kinase C zeta
chemical_list: D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D051571:Protein Kinase C-alpha; D051745:Protein Kinase C-delta; D000099221:Protein Kinase C zeta