title: Aging is associated with decreased pancreatic acinar cell regeneration and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/Akt activation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The effects of aging on pancreatic acinar cell proliferation have not been clearly defined. Phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)-mediated phosphorylation of Akt is a critical step for proliferation of various cell types and insulin secretion from pancreatic endocrine cells; however, its role in acinar cell proliferation is not known. The purpose of this study was to (1) delineate the effects of aging on pancreatic regeneration after partial pancreatectomy (Px) and (2) define the involvement of the PI3K/Akt pathway in pancreatic regeneration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Following partial Px, pancreatic regeneration and activation of the PI3K pathway were compared in young and aged mice. Activation of the PI3K/Akt pathway was evaluated by Akt phosphorylation (pAkt). The role of the PI3K pathway in pancreatic regeneration after partial Px was assessed by effects of a pharmacologic PI3K inhibitor wortmannin or small interfering RNA (siRNA) to the p85alpha regulatory subunit. To confirm further the critical role of the PI3K/Akt pathway in pancreatic acinar cell proliferation, IGF-1-mediated cell proliferation was determined in cultured acinar cells pretreated with wortmannin or p85alpha siRNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pancreatic regeneration and pAkt expression after partial Px were significantly decreased with aging. Treatment with wortmannin or p85alpha siRNA reduced pancreatic regeneration after partial Px. The IGF-1-mediated cell proliferation in vitro was completely blocked by wortmannin or p85alpha siRNA but not by the MEK/ERK inhibitor PD98059.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PI3K/Akt activation plays a critical role in the regeneration of pancreatic acini after resection. Furthermore, pancreatic regeneration is markedly attenuated in the aged pancreas most likely because of decreased PI3K/Akt activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, The University of Texas Medical Branch, Galveston 77555-0536, USA.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Piotr G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Rychahou
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: B Mark
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Evers
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D000730:Androstadienes / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D046790:Pancreas, Exocrine / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000601:surgery; D010180:Pancreatectomy; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D000077191:Wortmannin
chemical_list: D000730:Androstadienes; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005419:Flavonoids; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D000077191:Wortmannin; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one