title: Reference cardiopulmonary values in normal dogs.
abstract: The purpose of this project was to collate canine cardiopulmonary measurements from published and unpublished studies in our laboratory in 97 instrumented, unsedated, normovolemic dogs. Body weight; arterial and mixed-venous pH and blood gases; mean arterial, pulmonary arterial, pulmonary artery occlusion, and central venous blood pressures; cardiac output; heart rate; hemoglobin; and core temperature were measured. Body surface area; bicarbonate concentration; base deficit; cardiac index; stroke volume index, systemic and pulmonary vascular resistance indices; left and right cardiac work indices; alveolar partial pressure of oxygen (pO2) ; alveolar-arterial pO2 gradient (A-apO2); arterial, mixed-venous, and pulmonary capillary oxygen content; oxygen delivery; oxygen consumption; oxygen extraction; venous admixture; arterial and mixed-venous blood CO2 contents; and CO2 production were calculated. In the 97 normal, resting dogs, mean arterial and mixed-venous pH were 7.38 and 7.36, respectively; partial pressure of carbon dioxide (pCO2), 40.2 and 44.1 mm Hg, respectively; base-deficit, -2.1 and -1.9 mEq/liter, respectively; pO2, 99.5 and 49.3 mm Hg, respectively; oxygen content, 17.8 and 14.2 ml/dl, respectively; A-a pO2 was 6.3 mm Hg; and venous admixture was 3.6%. The mean arterial blood pressure (ABPm), mean pulmonary arterial blood pressure (PAPm), pulmonary artery occlusion pressure (PAOP) were 103, 14, and 5.5 mm Hg, respectively; heart rate was 87 beats/min; cardiac index (CI) was 4.42 liters/min/m2; systemic and pulmonary vascular resistances were 1931 and 194 dynes.sec.cm-5, respectively; oxygen delivery, consumption and extraction were 790 and 164 ml/min/m2 and 20.5%, respectively. This study represents a collation of cardiopulmonary values obtained from a large number of dogs (97) from a single laboratory using the same measurement techniques.
authors.affiliation: University of California-Davis, Department of Surgery and Radiological Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Davis, California 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haskins
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Pascoe
authors.forename: Jan E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Ilkiw
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fudge
authors.forename: Kate
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hopper
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aldrich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002320:Cardiovascular Physiological Phenomena; D002319:Cardiovascular System; D003625:Data Collection; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology*; D008168:Lung / Q000502:physiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests