title: Effects of behavioral and drug therapy on nocturia in older incontinent women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine changes in nocturia from a multicomponent behavioral training program or drug therapy in older women with urge or mixed (urge-predominant) urinary incontinence.
  
  
  METHODS
  A secondary analysis of data from a prospective, randomized clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Parent trial was an outpatient research protocol in Alabama.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred ninety-seven women (aged 55-92) with incontinence and urodynamic evidence of bladder dysfunction. At baseline, 131 women (66% of participants) had nocturia.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the parent study, participants received behavioral training, including four sessions of biofeedback-assisted pelvic floor muscle exercises, drug treatment (oxybutynin IR titrated from 2.5 mg per day to 5.0 mg three times a day), or placebo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participant-completed bladder diaries were used to calculate changes in nocturia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Behavioral training reduced nocturia by a median 0.50 episodes per night and was significantly more effective than drug treatment (median reduction=0.30 episodes; P=.02) and placebo (median reduction=0.00 episodes; P<.001). Also, drug treatment was more effective than control (P=.007).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both behavioral training and drug treatment reduced nocturia more than placebo, but behavioral training was the most effective.
authors.affiliation: Birmingham/Atlanta Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Centers, Birmingham, Alabama, and Decatur, Georgia.
authors.forename: Theodore M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Kathryn L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Burgio
authors.forename: David T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Redden
authors.forename: Kate Clark
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Patricia S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Goode
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001521:Behavior Therapy; D001676:Biofeedback, Psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008333:Mandelic Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008499:Medical Records; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D008333:Mandelic Acids; C005419:oxybutynin