title: Exposure to Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and progression of age-related macular degeneration.
abstract: Recent studies have found an association between exposure to Chlamydia pneumoniae infection and risk of age-related macular degeneration (AMD). To assess a potential risk of AMD progression posed by exposure to C. pneumoniae, the authors reexamined Australian residents in 2001-2002 who were aged 51-89 years with early AMD at baseline (1992-1995). Examination included macular photography and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay to determine antibody titers to the elementary bodies from C. pneumoniae AR39. AMD progression was assessed quantitatively, using both coarse and fine progression steps following an international classification for AMD grading, and also qualitatively, by side-by-side comparison of baseline and follow-up macular photographs. Serologic data were available for 246 of 254 (97%) subjects. AMD progression was associated with a higher antibody titer. After adjustment for age, smoking, family history of AMD, history of cardiovascular diseases, and source study, the subjects in the upper tertiles of antibody titers were 2.1 (95% confidence interval: 0.92, 4.69), 2.6 (95% confidence interval: 1.24, 5.41), and 3.0 (95% confidence interval: 1.46, 6.37) times more at risk of progression than those in the lowest tertile, using three definitions of progression, respectively. The fact that seroreactivity to C. pneumoniae was independently associated with the risk of AMD progression suggests that C. pneumoniae infection may be an additional risk factor for AMD progression.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Australia. liubov@unimelb.edu.au
authors.forename: Luba
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Robman
authors.forename: Olaimatu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Mahdi
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McCarty
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dimitrov
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tikellis
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McNeil
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Byrne
authors.forename: Hugh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Robyn
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guymer
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D002694:Chlamydiaceae Infections / Q000150:complications*; D016993:Chlamydophila pneumoniae / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial