title: Penicillin resistance and serotypes/serogroups of Streptococcus pneumoniae in nasopharyngeal carrier children younger than 2 years in Lima, Peru.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the carriage rate, susceptibility pattern, and serotype distribution of Streptococcus pneumoniae in the nasopharynx of children younger than 2 years old in Lima, Peru. A total of 666 children were evaluated during 3 periods, 1997, 2001, and 2003. The overall pneumococcal carrier rate was 41%. Reduced susceptibility to penicillin was found in 5% (4/75) of isolates in 1997, 20% (15/75) in 2001, and 37% (40/109) in 2003. Reduced susceptibility to ceftriaxone was found in 12% of isolates in 2003. Serogroups 6, 19, 23, 15, and 14 accounted for 68% of all the isolates and for 81% of the penicillin-nonsusceptible strains. Only 65% of the isolated strains had serogroups found in the 7-valent conjugate pneumococcal vaccine. This highlights the importance of regional surveillance studies for effective vaccine strategies and treatment protocols.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Infectious Diseases, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA. theresa.j.ochao@uth.tmc.edu
authors.forename: Theresa J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Ochoa
authors.forename: Rocio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rupa
authors.forename: Humberto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Guerra
authors.forename: Herminio
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chaparro
authors.forename: Jesus
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tamariz
authors.forename: Audrey
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wanger
authors.forename: Edward O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Mason
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002353:Carrier State / Q000382:microbiology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009305:Nasopharynx / Q000382:microbiology*; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D010568:Peru / Q000453:epidemiology; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D012703:Serotyping; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents