What is behind a student's choice for becoming a doctor?
OBJECTIVE
To determine the reasons for choosing the medical profession by interviewing freshmen medical students from the Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo and investigating their socio-economic and psychological profiles, as well as to determine whether there are gender differences.


METHODS
One hundred and sixty three freshmen medical students answered a questionnaire regarding their socio-economical profile. Of those, 30 female and 30 male students underwent a face-to-face interview regarding the career choice, the Thematic Apperception Test (TAT) and the 16 Personality Factor Questionnaire (16 PF). The results were analyzed qualitatively and by Mann-Whitney, chi2, Fisher's Exact, and r(p) coefficient tests.


RESULTS
Most students were middle class, catholic, and had physicians in their families. Students of both genders had made an: early choice of the medical career and a persistence in taking exams many times, even after being discouraged. They also showed an awareness of the difficulties and limitations in developing their careers. The study revealed a strong valuation of the humanistic aspects of medicine; openness to new experiences; a deep personal identification with the choice of profession; a critical need for fulfillment in their careers; and conscious and unconscious desires to help people and be recognized for their usefulness, without being narcissistic. Female students were more sensitive (P <.001) and less imaginative (P = .005) than male students, who were more utilitarian and less grounded; female students tended to present greater emotional maturity while male students presented a greater tendency towards competition, and were more ambitious.


CONCLUSIONS
Students of both genders have similar socio-economical profiles and features regarding their motivations for choosing the medical profession. Slight differences were found regarding some psychological aspects.
Millan
Luiz Roberto
LR
Grapal-Psychological Counseling Group, Faculty of Medicine, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. luizmillan@uol.com.br
Azevedo
Raymundo Soares
RS
Rossi
Eneiza
E
De Marco
Orlando Lúcio Neves
OL
Millan
Marília Pereira Bueno
MP
de Arruda
Paulo Correa Vaz
PC
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001938:Brazil; D002321:Career Choice; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D010552:Personality Assessment; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology*