title: Clarifying efficiency-equity tradeoffs through explicit criteria, with a focus on developing countries.
abstract: Expenditures on health in many developing countries are being disproportionately spent on health services that have a low overall health impact, and that disproportionately benefit the rich. Without explicit consideration of priority setting, this situation is likely to remain unchanged: resource allocation is too often dictated by historical patterns, and maintains vested interests. This paper explores how prioritization between different health interventions can be rationalised by the use of clearly defined criteria. A number of key efficiency and equity criteria are examined, in particular analysing how potential tradeoffs could be incorporated into the decision making process.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health System Financing, Expenditure and Resource Allocation, World Health Organization, 20 Avenue Appia, 1211 Geneva 27, Switzerland. jamesc@who.int
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Carrin
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Savedoff
authors.forename: Piya
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hanvoravongchai
mesh_terms: D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003657:Decision Making; D019049:Developed Countries; D003906:Developing Countries; D015276:Health Care Rationing / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D005102:Health Expenditures; D006292:Health Priorities; D006801:Humans; D011203:Poverty; D012935:Social Justice