title: Spider Screw: skeletal anchorage system.
abstract: The stability of the anchorage unit plays a very important role in orthodontic control. Controlled orthodontic movements such as retraction and/or protraction of teeth and intrusion of overerupted teeth are very difficult to achieve without patient cooperation and without causing undesirable reciprocal movement in the anchorage unit. The article describes characteristics, surgical procedure, and clinical use of the Spider Screw as an ideal non-dental and non-cooperation based anchorage system. The Spider Screws are self-tapping, titanium mini-screws with immediate loading capability. Their utilization involves a simple biomechanical principle combined with the utilization of minimum orthodontic mechanotherapy. Ideal orthodontic forces (in the range from 50 to 250 gr) can be applied to achieve the desired orthodontic movements. Complete osteointegration is neither expected nor desired with this anchorage system. The Spider Screw anchorage system can be used to support a variety of orthodontic movements specifically in clinical situations involving incomplete dental arches and limited cooperation as in many adult orthodontic cases. The ease of surgical placement combined with the reduced dimension of the Spider Screw diameter equally permits its use in clinical situations where anchorage recovery is necessary during treatment of complete dentitions in classical orthodontic therapy.
authors.affiliation: School of Maxillofacial Surgery, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. vicenza@mainog.com
authors.forename: B Giuliano
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Maino
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maino
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mura
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001863:Bone Screws; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*