title: [Continent urinary diversion: the Mitrofanoff principle].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Continent urinary diversion (based on Mitrofanoff's principle), despite its complexity, is the gold standard in the treatment of those vesicourethral disfunctions that need clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) to achieve complete vesical voiding, in patients with non easily catheterizable native urethra.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analize our experience in continent urinary diversion at our centre.
  
  
  METHODS
  We have reviewed the records of the 14 cases of continent urinary diversion in the last 8 years. They were grouped in order to the underliying condition: 1-Bladder exstrophy group (n=5): Mean age at diversion time was 5.5 years (range 3-7). In all patients the original Mitrofanoff s technique was performed (continent cutaneous appendicovesicostomy). Associated procedures were: ureterovesical reimplantation in all 5 cases; bladder neck reconstruction also in all 5 (3 of them needed vesicourethral transection); and bladder augmentation in two cases, using ileum and sigmoid respectively. 2- Myelomeningocele group (n=9, 10 procedures): Mean age was 11.5 years (range 6-16). Appendicovesicostomy was performed in 7 cases and a reconfigured ileum with the Casale technique was used in 3 cases (primarily in 2 and as an alternative in one). Associated procedures were: ureterovesical reimplantetion in 5 cases and bladder augmentation in 7 (using sigmoid in 4, ileum in 2 and urether in one case).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all patients complete continence was achieved. Complications found were: one appendicostomy prolapse, one appendix necrosis (that was then diverted with Casale's technique), one appendicular conduit stenosis and one case with catheterization difficulties that needed a tappering of the ileum conduit. Nowadays, 13 out of 14 pacients follow the CIC program each 3-4 hours without complication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Continent urinary diversion improves autonomy and life quality in those patients that need a definitive urinary diversion and have a long life expectancy. We have used these procedure with good results in patients with severe vesicourethral disfunction (of an intrinsic or neuropathic origin) in which clean intermittent catheterization was not possible through native urethra, or in patients with refractary incontinence in which vesicourethral transection was the only effective treatment.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cirugía Pediátrica, Unidad Integrada, Hospital Sant Joan de Déu/Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Universidad de Barcelona. anabosque@hsjdbcn.es
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Tarrado
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodó
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sepúlveda
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: García Aparicio
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Morales
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003559:Cystostomy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014547:Urinary Diversion / Q000379:methods*; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000601:surgery*