title: A Hydrophobin of the chestnut blight fungus, Cryphonectria parasitica, is required for stromal pustule eruption.
abstract: Hydrophobins are abundant small hydrophobic proteins that are present on the surfaces of many filamentous fungi. The chestnut blight pathogen Cryphonectria parasitica was shown to produce a class II hydrophobin, cryparin. Cryparin is the most abundant protein produced by this fungus when grown in liquid culture. When the fungus is growing on chestnut trees, cryparin is found only in the fungal fruiting body walls. Deletion of the gene encoding cryparin resulted in a culture phenotype typical of hydrophobin deletion mutants of other fungi, i.e., easily wettable (nonhydrophobic) hyphae. When grown on the natural substrate of the fungus, however, cryparin-null mutation strains were unable to normally produce its fungal fruiting bodies. Although the stromal pustules showed normal development initially, they were unable to erupt through the bark of the tree. The hydrophobin cryparin thus plays an essential role in the fitness of this important plant pathogen by facilitating the eruption of the fungal fruiting bodies through the bark of its host tree.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Pathology, University of California-Davis, One Shields Ave., Davis, CA 95616, USA. pjkkaz@ucdavis.edu
authors.forename: Pam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kazmierczak
authors.forename: Dae Hyuk
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Turina
authors.forename: Neal K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Van Alfen
mesh_terms: D001203:Ascomycota / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D048690:Fruiting Bodies, Fungal / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D017353:Gene Deletion; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D010641:Phenotype; D024301:Plant Bark / Q000382:microbiology*; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: C074967:CRP protein, Cryphonectria parasitica; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins