title: Monocyte chemotactic protein-2 and -3 in amniotic fluid: relationship to microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity, intra-amniotic inflammation and preterm delivery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the presence of monocyte chemotactic protein (MCP)-2 and MCP-3 in cervical and amniotic fluid in women in preterm labor.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cervical and amniotic fluid was sampled from women with singleton pregnancies (< or =34 weeks) in preterm labor (n = 58).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Monocyte chemotactic protein-2 (range: 80-583 pg/ml) and MCP-3 (range: 36-649 pg/ml) were detectable in 7/58 women in preterm labor. Monocyte chemotactic protein-3 was found significantly more often in amniotic fluid of women delivered within 7 days (P < 0.001), <34 weeks (P = 0.002), or with intra-amniotic inflammation (P < 0.001) and microbial invasion of the amniotic fluid (P = 0.003). Women in preterm labor had detectable levels of MCP-2 significantly more often if they gave birth before 34 weeks of gestation (P = 0.038) or had intra-amniotic inflammation (P = 0.042).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presence of MCPs in amniotic fluid of women in preterm labor was associated with preterm birth before 34 weeks of gestation (MCP-2 and MCP-3), microbial invasion (MCP-3), and inflammation (MCP-2 and MCP-3) of the amniotic cavity.
authors.affiliation: Perinatal Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Institute for the Health of Women and Children, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg, Sweden. bo.jacobsson@obgyn.gu.se
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jacobsson
authors.forename: Rose-Marie
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Holst
authors.forename: Bengt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hagberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000653:Amniotic Fluid / Q000378:metabolism; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000378:metabolism; D054410:Chemokine CCL7; D054412:Chemokine CCL8; D002821:Chorioamnionitis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018945:Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019535:Mycoplasma hominis / Q000302:isolation & purification; D007752:Obstetric Labor, Premature / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011247:Pregnancy; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D016990:Ureaplasma urealyticum / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; C515450:CCL7 protein, human; C515453:CCL8 protein, human; D054410:Chemokine CCL7; D054412:Chemokine CCL8; D016207:Cytokines; D018945:Monocyte Chemoattractant Proteins