title: The Lsc RhoGEF mediates signaling from thromboxane A2 to actin polymerization and apoptosis in thymocytes.
abstract: The Lsc RhoGEF (also known as p115-RhoGEF) is a GTP exchange factor (GEF), an activator of GTPases of the Rho family. Lsc has a RhoGEF domain specific for Rho GTPase and a regulator of G protein signaling (RGS) domain specific for Galpha(12/13) subunits. One G protein receptor that can couple to Galpha(12/13) subunits is the receptor for thromboxane A(2 )(TXA(2)), thromboxane-prostanoid (called TP), which is highly expressed in immature thymocytes. TXA(2) has been implicated in thymocyte apoptosis. We found that Lsc(-/-) mice on a BALB/c background show thymic hyperplasia due to increased numbers of thymocytes and that these numbers further increase with the age of the mice. To investigate a role for Lsc in TXA(2) signaling, we analyzed activation of primary thymocytes by TXA(2) in vitro. TXA(2)-induced apoptosis of double-positive thymocytes and Rho activation required Lsc, and TXA(2) stimulation of actin polymerization and cofilin phosphorylation required both Lsc and Rho kinase (ROCK). Additionally, in the absence of Lsc, phosphorylation of the survival kinase Akt in response to TXA(2) was greatly enhanced. Together, these data demonstrate that Lsc is essential for mediating TXA(2 )signaling involved in apoptosis and actin organization and suggest that TXA(2) regulates thymic cellularity via Lsc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Chemistry, University of Ulm, Ulm, Germany.
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Harenberg
authors.forename: Irute
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Girkontaite
authors.forename: Klaudia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Giehl
authors.forename: Klaus-Dieter
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Fischer
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011108:Polymers / Q000378:metabolism; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D064067:Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D013928:Thromboxane A2 / Q000502:physiology*; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; C577231:Arhgef1 protein, mouse; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; D011108:Polymers; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D064067:Rho Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; D013928:Thromboxane A2; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D020742:rhoA GTP-Binding Protein