title: Effect of angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor on the calcium transients and calcium handling proteins in ventricular myocytes from rats with heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chronic heart failure (CHF) is associated with calcium transients and calcium handling proteins. Angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor has been demonstrated to have beneficial effect on CHF. Yet studies addressed to the relationship between ACE inhibitor and calcium transients in CHF are rare. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of ACE inhibitor (perindopril) on the contractility and calcium transients and calcium handling proteins in ventricular myocytes from rats with experimental heart failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Wistar rats were randomized to heart failure group treated with perindopril [CHF-T, 3 mg.kg(-1).d(-1)], heart failure group without treatment (CHF-C) and sham-operated group (PS). Heart failure was induced by abdominal aortic constriction. All groups were further followed up for 12 weeks. Left ventricular myocytes were then isolated. Single cell shortening fraction and [Ca(2+)]i were simultaneously measured by laser scanning confocal microscope under the field stimulation (1.0 Hz). Reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and Western blot were performed to evaluate the changes of mRNA and protein of Na(+)-Ca(2+) exchanger (NCX1), sarcoplasmic reticulum Ca(2+)-ATPase (SERCA2) and phospholamban (PLB).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The fraction of cell shortening (FS%) and [Ca(2+)]imax (nmol/L) were significantly reduced in group CHF-C compared with group PS (FS%: 7.51 +/- 1.15 vs 13.21 +/- 1.49; [Ca(2+)]i max: 330.85 +/- 50.05 vs 498.16 +/- 14.07; both P < 0.01), and restored at least partially in CHF-T group. In CHF-C group, the left ventricular mRNA of NCX1 and PLB were significantly upregulated in comparing with PS group (RNCX1/beta-Actin: 0.51 +/- 0.12 vs 0.19 +/- 0.06, P < 0.01; RPLB/beta-Actin: 0.26 +/- 0.12 vs 0.20 +/- 0.08, P < 0.05), while SERCA2 mRNA was downregulated (0.48 +/- 0.10 vs 0.80 +/- 0.11, P < 0.01). The mRNA levels of NCX1 and SERCA2 in CHF-T group were between the CHF-C and PS group, and the differences of the latter two groups were significant (all P < 0.05). In CHF-C and CHF-T groups, the protein expression of NCX1 were 1.141 +/- 0.047 and 1.074 +/- 0.081 times of that in PS group respectively (both P < 0.05), and SERCA2 protein levels were 0.803 +/- 0.100 and 0.893 +/- 0.084 times of that in PS group respectively (both P < 0.05). The protein expression of NCX1 and SERCA2 in the CHF-C and CHF-T groups is significantly different (both P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ACE inhibitor could improve cardiac function of failing heart through directly enhancing the contractility of single cardiomyocyte, and these effects are probably mediated by its roles in preventing the deleterious changes of calcium transients and calcium handling proteins in CHF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
authors.forename: Li-chun
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Jian-gui
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Xin-xue
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Wen-fang
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xiu-yu
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Leng
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Wei-yi
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Mai
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Wu-tao
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yu-gang
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: An-li
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Chong
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000235:genetics; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D020913:Perindopril / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D053498:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger / Q000235:genetics; D000099211:Phospholamban
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D002118:Calcium; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D020913:Perindopril; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053498:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; D000099211:Phospholamban; C506948:Atp2a2 protein, rat; C110374:sodium-calcium exchanger 1