title: A role for manganese superoxide dismutase in apoptosis after photosensitization.
abstract: The oxidative stress triggered by photodynamic therapy (PDT) involves generation of cytotoxic reactive oxygen species, including superoxide radical, accumulation of de novo-generated ceramide, and induction of apoptosis. Since PDT with the photosensitizer phthalocyanine Pc 4 induces mitochondrial damage and the superoxide scavenger manganese superoxide dismutase (MnSOD) is localized to mitochondria, here we tested genetically the role of MnSOD in apoptosis and ceramide accumulation after photosensitization with Pc 4. Jurkat cells overexpressing wild-type MnSOD were protected from Pc 4-PDT-initiated apoptosis, but not from increased ceramide response to Pc 4-PDT. In Jurkat cells overexpressing mutant MnSOD, however, DEVDase activation and ceramide formation were promoted post-Pc 4-PDT. Similarly, in MnSOD-null cells, Pc 4-PDT-induced apoptosis, as well as ceramide accumulation, were enhanced compared to their normal counterparts. The data show that MnSOD affects sensitivity of cells to Pc 4-PDT-initiated apoptosis, and partly ceramide accumulation, suggesting that the processes are superoxide-mediated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Fundamental and Applied Sciences, Eugene Applebaum College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, Wayne State University, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
authors.forename: Vladislav
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dolgachev
authors.forename: Larry W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Oberley
authors.forename: Ting-Ting
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Janice M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Kraniak
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Tainsky
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hanada
authors.forename: Duska
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Separovic
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008027:Light; D051379:Mice; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007211:Indoles; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; C107448:phthalocyanine Pc 4; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase