title: Reflective liquid-crystal displays with asymmetric incident and exit angles.
abstract: The 2 x 2 matrix methods are extended to calculate the optical behaviors of reflective liquid-crystal displays with asymmetric incident and exit angles. Both the unfolding method and the backward-eigenwave method are employed to derive the 2 x 2 matrix representations. The simulation results for symmetric incident and exit angles from these two methods are identical and agree well with those obtained from the 4 x 4 matrix method when the air-panel surface reflections are neglected. Further, the derived 2 x 2 matrix methods are applied to the asymmetric cases with different incident and exit angles. The simulated results on the normally black vertical alignment and normally white mixed-mode twisted nematic reflective displays show reasonably good agreement with the reported experimental data. In addition, a rubbing effect related to contrast values is observed and analyzed in asymmetric reflective cases. We also find that this effect has a significant influence on the contrast ratios once the difference between the incident and exit angles becomes large.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, University of Central Florida, Orlando, Florida 32816, USA.
authors.forename: Zhibing
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Thomas X
authors.initials: TX
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Xinyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Shin-Tson
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Wu