title: Taking two TRAILS.
abstract: The TNF-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) has well-described anti-inflammatory effects in models of autoimmune disease, including experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). In this issue of Neuron, Aktas, Smorodchenko, and colleagues present evidence that TRAIL exerts anti-inflammatory effects, but also induces neuronal apoptosis, in EAE. This report poses the therapeutic challenge of facilitating TRAIL expression in the periphery while inhibiting TRAIL in the CNS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosciences, Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA. ransohr@ccf.org
authors.forename: Richard M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Ransohoff
authors.forename: Bruce D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Trapp
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D004681:Encephalomyelitis, Autoimmune, Experimental / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha