title: Leptospirosis and pancytopenia: two case reports and review of the literature.
abstract: Besides the classical manifestations, leptospirosis may rarely occur with erythroid hypoplasia and/or pancytopenia. In this study, we reported two cases of leptospirosis presented with pancytopenia as the prevailing manifestation. In addition, the presence of pancytopenia in leptospirosis is reviewed. In both patients, the outcome was favourable as the bone marrow aplasia reversed completely after treatment with intravenous penicillin. In conclusion, this case study suggests that Leptospira infection should be included in the differential diagnosis of febrile pancytopenia, even in the absence of classical signs of severe disease as jaundice, meningitis, renal failure and pulmonary infiltrates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Medical School, University of Thessaly, Papakiriazi 22 Street, 41222 Larissa, Thessaly, Greece.
authors.forename: Aggelos
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stefos
authors.forename: Sarah P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Georgiadou
authors.forename: Chrisoula
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gioti
authors.forename: Argirios
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Loukopoulos
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ioannou
authors.forename: Spyros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pournaras
authors.forename: Georgios N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Dalekos
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005334:Fever / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007922:Leptospirosis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D010198:Pancytopenia / Q000209:etiology*; D010406:Penicillins / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D010406:Penicillins