title: A randomized, placebo-controlled trial of nandrolone decanoate in human immunodeficiency virus-infected men with mild to moderate weight loss with recombinant human growth hormone as active reference treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We compared the effectiveness of a biweekly regimen of 150 mg nandrolone with placebo in HIV-infected men with mild to moderate weight loss and contrasted its effects against a Food and Drug Administration-approved regimen of recombinant human (rh)GH.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this placebo-controlled, randomized, 12-wk trial, placebo and nandrolone (150 mg im biweekly) were administered double blind, and rhGH (6 mg sc daily) was administered in an open-label manner. Participants were HIV-infected men with 5-15% weight loss over 6 months and on stable antiretroviral therapy for more than 12 wk. Lean body mass (LBM), muscle performance, physical function, endurance, hormone levels, insulin sensitivity, sexual function, quality of life, and appetite were assessed at baseline and after 12 wk.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nandrolone administration was associated with a greater increase in LBM (+1.6 +/- 0.3 kg) by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry scan than placebo (+0.4 +/- 0.3 kg; P < 0.05); however, the change in LBMs with nandrolone was not significantly different from rhGH (+2.5 +/- 0.3 kg). Nandrolone administration was also associated with significantly greater gains in fat-free mass (+1.6 +/- 0.3 kg), body cell mass (+1.0 +/- 0.2 kg), and intracellular water (+0.9 +/- 0.2 kg) than placebo; these changes in the nandrolone group were not significantly different from the rhGH group. rhGH administration was associated with greater loss of whole body fat mass and higher frequency of drug-related adverse effects and treatment discontinuations than nandrolone and placebo and a greater increase in extracellular water than nandrolone. Nandrolone treatment was associated with greater improvements in perception of health than rhGH and sexual function than placebo. The cachexia/anorexia scores, health care resource use, and insulin sensitivity did not significantly change.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that nandrolone is superior to placebo and not significantly different from a Food and Drug Administration-approved regimen of rhGH in improving lean body mass in HIV-infected men with mild to moderate weight loss.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism, and Molecular Medicine, Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, California 90059, USA. tstorer@elcamino.edu
authors.forename: Thomas W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Storer
authors.forename: Linda J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Woodhouse
authors.forename: Fred
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sattler
authors.forename: Atam B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: E Todd
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.forename: Keith
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: MaClara
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Padero
authors.forename: Phong
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mac
authors.forename: Kevin E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Yarasheski
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Geurts
authors.forename: Arnold
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Willemsen
authors.forename: Marloes K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Harms
authors.forename: Shalender
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhasin
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000187:drug effects; D000328:Adult; D045930:Anabolic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001066:Appetite / Q000187:drug effects; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects; D001823:Body Composition / Q000187:drug effects; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000097:blood; D019247:HIV Wasting Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009277:Nandrolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D000077603:Nandrolone Decanoate; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000187:drug effects; D010919:Placebos; D011788:Quality of Life; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D019529:Sexuality / Q000187:drug effects; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D045930:Anabolic Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D010919:Placebos; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D009277:Nandrolone; D000077603:Nandrolone Decanoate