title: The apical targeting signal of the P2Y2 receptor is located in its first extracellular loop.
abstract: P2Y2 and P2Y4 receptors, which have 52% sequence identity, are both expressed at the apical membrane of Madin-Darby canine kidney cells, but the locations of their apical targeting signals are distinctly different. The targeting signal of the P2Y2 receptor is located between the N terminus and 7TM, whereas that of the P2Y4 receptor is present in its C-terminal tail. To identify the apical targeting signal in the P2Y2 receptor, regions of the P2Y2 receptor were progressively substituted with the corresponding regions of the P2Y4 receptor lacking its targeting signal. Characterization of these chimeras and subsequent mutational analysis revealed that four amino acids (Arg95, Gly96, Asp97, and Leu108) in the first extracellular loop play a major role in apical targeting of the P2Y2 receptor. Mutation of RGD to RGE had no effect on P2Y2 receptor targeting, indicating that receptor-integrin interactions are not involved in apical targeting. P2Y2 receptor mutants were localized in a similar manner in Caco-2 colon epithelial cells. This is the first identification of an extracellular protein-based targeting signal in a seven-transmembrane receptor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-7365, USA.
authors.forename: Ai-Dong
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Samuel C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Wolff
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Nicholas
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D004285:Dogs; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006801:Humans; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2 / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D058473:Receptors, Purinergic P2Y2; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: C546385:P2RY2 protein, human; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2; D058473:Receptors, Purinergic P2Y2; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D002118:Calcium