title: Isolated vertical diplopia as the initial manifestation of presumed pretectal and anterior hypothalamic germinomas.
abstract: A 21-year-old man with a 5-month history of diplopia caused by isolated vertical ocular misalignment had normal laboratory studies, including brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). Eight months after the onset of diplopia, he reported dry mouth, polydipsia, polyuria, and absent sweating. Examination now disclosed light-near dissociation of the pupillary responses, convergence-retraction nystagmus, and upgaze palsy. MRI revealed enhancing suprasellar and pretectal masses presumed to be germinomas. Two years after brain irradiation and systemic chemotherapy, no lesions are apparent on MRI and hypothalamic dysfunction has partially resolved. In a young patient with isolated vertical diplopia and normal brain imaging, one should consider an early pretectal syndrome and inquire after manifestations of hypothalamic dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology and Ophthalmology, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Bundang Hospital, 300 Gumi-dong, Bundang-gu, Seongnam-si, Gyeonggi-do 463-707, Korea.
authors.forename: So Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Moon
authors.forename: Ji Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kwang-Dong
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Seong-Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jeong Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Minsoo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004172:Diplopia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D018237:Germinoma / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007029:Hypothalamic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D007032:Hypothalamus, Anterior / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D010871:Pinealoma / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D013477:Superior Colliculi / Q000473:pathology*