title: Protective effects of bendazac lysine on early experimental diabetic nephropathy in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the preventive and protective effects of bendazac lysine (BDL) on experimental early diabetic nephropathy (DN) rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  After an early DN model was induced by streptozotocin, rats were administered BDL at doses of 100, 200, and 400 mg/kg for 8 weeks. Blood glucose, microalbuminuria, kidney index, total antioxidative capacity, laminin, advanced glycation end products (AGE), aldose reductase (AR) activity, and the relative quantity of transforming growth factor beta1 (TGF- beta1) mRNA were measured by different methods. The ultrastructural morphology was observed by transmission electron microscope.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The physical behaviors of early DN rats were hypopraxia, cachexia, and polyuria, while those treated with high doses of BDL were vibrant and vigorous. For BDL-treated DN rats, when compared with vehicle-treated DN rats, the blood glucose level and the intensity of oxidative stress were ameliorated. Also, the microalbuminuria level, AGE either in serum or in renal, and AR activity were significantly reduced. Furthermore, the expression of TGF-beta1 mRNA in the kidney cortex was declined and the thickness of glomerular base membrane was decreased significantly. The ultrastructure of glomerulus and mesangial matrix of BDL-treated DN rats were ameliorated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BDL has protective effects on several pharmacological targets in the progress of DN and is a potential drug for the prevention of early DN.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, 210029, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-xing
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Yin-di
authors.initials: YD
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jian-ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Hai-wei
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Li-min
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Shao-jun
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Xiao-gang
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000201:enzymology; D005920:Glomerular Mesangium / Q000473:pathology; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000378:metabolism; D007191:Indazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007797:Laminin / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
chemical_list: D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D007191:Indazoles; D007797:Laminin; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C508962:Tgfb1 protein, rat; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; C036067:bendazac lysine; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase