title: A comparison of two invasive techniques in the management of intractable pain due to inoperable pancreatic cancer: neurolytic celiac plexus block and videothoracoscopic splanchnicectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pancreatic cancer is characterized by a constant deterioration in quality of life, excruciating pain and progressive cachexia. The aim of this study was to compare the effectiveness of two invasive methods of pain treatment in these patients: neurolytic coeliac plexus block (NCPB) and videothoracoscopic splanchnicectomy (VSPL) to a conservatively treated control group concerning pain, quality of life and opiates' consumption.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty nine patients suffering from pain due to inoperable pancreatic cancer were treated invasively with NCPB (N=35) or VSPL (N=24) in two non-randomised, prospective, case-controlled protocols. Intensity of pain (VAS-pain), quality of life (FACIT and QLQ C30) and opioid intake were compared between the groups and to a control group of patients treated conservatively before the procedure and after 2 and 8 weeks of follow-up. The analysis was performed retrospectively using meta-analysis statistics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both methods of invasive pain treatment resulted in significant reduction of pain (VSPL effect size=11.27, NCPB effect size=7.29) and fatigue (effect sizes, respectively, 1.23 and 3.37). NCPB improved also significantly physical, emotional and social well-being (effect sizes, respectively, 2.37, 4.13 and 7.51) which was not observed after VSPL. No influence on ailments characteristic for the disease was demonstrated. Mean daily opioid consumption was significantly decreased after both procedures. There was no perioperative mortality and no major morbidity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both NCPB and VSPL provide significant reduction of pain and improvement of quality of life in inoperable pancreatic cancer patients. They present rather similar efficacy, but lower invasiveness of NCPB, in combination with its more positive effect on quality of life, pre-disposes it as being the preferred method.
authors.affiliation: Department of General, Endocrine and Transplant Surgery, Medical University of Gdansk, 1 Debinki Street, PL-80-211 Gdansk, Poland. wujstef@amg.gda.pl
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stefaniak
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Basinski
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vingerhoets
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Makarewicz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Connor
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kaska
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stanek
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kwiecinska
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Lachinski
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sledzinski
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002447:Celiac Plexus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D010148:Intractable Pain / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D013153:Splanchnic Nerves / Q000601:surgery*; D020775:Thoracic Surgery, Video-Assisted; D016896:Treatment Outcome