title: The effect of paternal heat stress on protein profiles of pre-implantation embryos in the mouse.
abstract: The study was undertaken to compare the protein profiles of [35S]-methionine-labelled control-sired embryos with heat-sired embryos at 7, 14 or 21 days after mature fertile B6CBF F1 male mice were kept at 36 +/- 0.3 degrees C and 62 +/- 2.7% relative humidity for 24 h. One-dimensional gel electrophoresis and autoradiographs were used to examine the protein profiles between the two-cell embryos and the blastocysts. The results obtained demonstrate that paternal heat stress 7 or 14 days earlier did not apparently affect protein patterns of two-cell embryos, four-cell to eight-cell embryos, morulae or blastocysts. However, 21 days earlier, there were changes in protein patterns of two-cell embryos and abnormal embryos, but not the morulae. To further support and extend these results, two-dimensional gel electrophoresis and phosphorimaging were employed and the results obtained show that paternal heat stress 21 days before mating affected protein profiles of two-cell embryos and morulae in the mouse. Together, these findings have indicated that paternal heat stress affects most but not all protein patterns of pre-implantation embryos, which strongly supports our previous results demonstrating that paternal heat stress significantly reduced the developmental proportion of pre-implantation embryos in the mouse.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Sydney, Camden, Australia. bzhu7534@usyd.edu.au
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maddocks
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D036703:Blastula / Q000502:physiology; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000502:physiology*; D047108:Embryonic Development; D005260:Female; D018882:Heat Stress Disorders / Q000196:embryology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D009028:Morula / Q000502:physiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D013480:Superovulation
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins