title: 123I-ADAM binding to serotonin transporters in patients with major depression and healthy controls: a preliminary study.
abstract: The serotonergic system may play an important role in the pathophysiology of major depressive disorder (MDD). Few imaging studies have examined serotonin transporter (SERT) binding in patients with MDD. We hypothesized that SERT binding activity may be altered in patients with MDD. This study compared SERT binding in patients with MDD with that in healthy controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied SERT activity in 7 patients (22-50 y old) with moderate to severe MDD and 6 healthy controls (24-56 y old) using (123)I-labeled 2-((2-((dimethylamino)methyl) phenyl)thio)-5-iodophenylamine (ADAM) and SPECT brain imaging. Subjects underwent SPECT 4 h after intravenous administration of 185 MBq (5 mCi) of (123)I-ADAM. Images were reconstructed in the axial plane, and region-of-interest demarcations were placed on the midbrain, medial temporal region, and basal ganglia region.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (123)I-ADAM binding to SERT in the midbrain was significantly lower (P = 0.01) in MDD patients (1.81 +/- 0.07) than in controls (1.95 +/- 0.13). Age-adjusted (123)I-ADAM binding in the midbrain correlated significantly with scores on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale (r = 0.82; P = 0.02). A significant negative correlation was observed between (123)I-ADAM SERT binding in the midbrain and age in the healthy control group (r = 0.98; P = 0.0002). SERT binding in the basal ganglia or medial temporal regions of interest did not significantly differ between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings from this preliminary study suggest the possibility of decreased SERT binding in the midbrain region of patients with MDD, with the degree of decrease correlating with the severity of depressive symptoms. There also appears to be an age-related decline in midbrain (123)I-ADAM SERT binding in healthy subjects.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nuclear Medicine, Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3400 Spruce Street, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. andrew.newburg@uphs.upenn.edu
authors.forename: Andrew B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Newberg
authors.forename: Jay D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Amsterdam
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wintering
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ploessl
authors.forename: Randel L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Swanson
authors.forename: Justine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shults
authors.forename: Abass
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alavi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002928:Cinanserin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008636:Mesencephalon / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism; D008875:Middle Aged; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000378:metabolism*; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000378:metabolism*; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
chemical_list: C413491:2-((2-((dimethylamino)methyl)phenyl)thio)-5-iodophenylamine; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; C493230:SLC6A4 protein, human; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; D050486:Serotonin Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D002928:Cinanserin