title: The alternate forms reliability of the Oucher pain scale.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to determine the adequacy of the alternate forms reliability of three versions of the Oucher pain scale. Because the original large-sized posters were unwieldy for use by nurses with children in clinical settings, it became necessary to reduce it in size. To determine whether the resulting tools were psychometrically equivalent to the original versions of the Oucher, this study was undertaken. In a group of 3- to 12-year-old children who underwent surgical or dental procedures ( n = 137), scores were obtained after the procedure on small and large versions of the Oucher. The order of presentation of the two different Ouchers was randomized. Findings revealed that correlation coefficients between the scores provided for the small and large versions of the Oucher were strong, positive, and significant for the Caucasian, African-American, and Hispanic versions in 3- to 12-year-old children. These results provided evidence of the adequacy of the alternate forms reliability of these scales.
authors.affiliation: School of Nursing, University of Missouri-Kansas City, 2220 Holmes Street, Kansas City, MO 64108, USA. jbeyer@kc.rr.com
authors.forename: Judith E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Beyer
authors.forename: Shawndra B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: Leah
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Onikul
authors.forename: Brenda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bohaty
mesh_terms: D001741:Black or African American / Q000208:ethnology*; D000367:Age Factors; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior / Q000208:ethnology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005149:Facial Expression; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000208:ethnology*; D006776:Hospitals, Pediatric; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015146:Midwestern United States; D009730:Nursing Assessment / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods* / Q000451:nursing / Q000592:standards; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002666:Psychology, Child; D011594:Psychometrics; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D044465:White People / Q000208:ethnology*