Daily intake of multivitamins during long-term intake of olestra in men prevents declines in serum vitamins A and E but not carotenoids.
The objective of this study was to determine whether vitamin supplementation during long-term (36 wk) ingestion of olestra supplemented with vitamin E could prevent decreases in vitamin E, vitamin A, and carotenoids. This was a 36-wk study of 37 healthy males randomly assigned to consume a control diet composed of 33% energy from fat, a similar diet in which one third of the energy from fat had been replaced with olestra, or a fat-reduced (25% of energy from fat) diet. Subjects also ingested a daily multivitamin (Centrum). Serum concentrations of alpha-tocopherol, retinol, beta-carotene, lycopene, and lutein + zeaxanthin were analyzed by HPLC. Subjects eating the olestra-containing diet had substantial decreases in serum beta-carotene, lycopene, and lutein + zeaxanthin, which occurred by 12 wk; these changes were found despite correcting for serum total cholesterol or BMI. Serum beta-carotene and lycopene concentrations were below the lower limit of the reference range (<0.186 and <0.298 mumol/L, respectively) at one or more time points. The slight decline in serum alpha-tocopherol concentration, significant at 24 wk, was caused by the decline in serum cholesterol. Retinol concentrations decreased with time in all 3 groups, but were not affected by olestra. We conclude that supplementation with a multivitamin containing vitamins A and E was adequate to prevent olestra-induced decrease in serum alpha-tocopherol and retinol. Olestra-induced decreases in serum beta-carotene, lycopene, and lutein + zeaxanthin were not prevented by the vitamin supplement used in this study.
Tulley
Richard T
RT
Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Baton Rouge, LA 70112, USA. rtulley@agcenter.lsu.edu
Vaidyanathan
Janaki
J
Wilson
Joanie B
JB
Rood
Jennifer C
JC
Lovejoy
Jennifer C
JC
Most
Marlene M
MM
Volaufova
Julia
J
Peters
John C
JC
Bray
George A
GA
D000328:Adult; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000097:blood*; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004338:Drug Combinations; D019358:Fat Substitutes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013395:Sucrose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood*; D014815:Vitamins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology
D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D004338:Drug Combinations; D019358:Fat Substitutes; D005227:Fatty Acids; D014815:Vitamins; D014801:Vitamin A; D014810:Vitamin E; D002338:Carotenoids; D013395:Sucrose; C013692:sucrose polyester