title: Carotid clamping time as a risk factor for early restenosis after carotid endarterectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of our study was to identify risk factors for early restenosis after carotid endarterectomy (CEA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective follow-up of 497 primary CEAs was performed at 3, 6, 12 and 24 months by clinical assessment and duplex ultrasound to identify > or = 50% restenosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Early restenosis occurred in 71 (14.3%) patients. By univariate analysis high carotid clamping time (CCT) (p = 0.002) and absence of shunt use (p = 0.03) were related to early restenosis. High CCT was the only independent predictor of early restenosis in a forward stepwise logistic regression model (OR = 2.25; CI 1.2-4.1; p = 0.008).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Carotid clamping time may be a novel risk factor for early restenosis.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Cardiology, Medical University of Warsaw, Warsaw, Poland. lamalek@amwaw.edu.pl
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Malek
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Malek
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Leszczynski
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toutounchi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elwertowski
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Spiewak
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Domagala
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D003250:Constriction; D016894:Endarterectomy, Carotid / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014654:Vascular Patency