Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma2 P12A polymorphism and risk of coronary heart disease in US men and women.
OBJECTIVE
Activation of the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) improves insulin sensitivity and exerts antiatherogenic effects. A common alanine for proline substitution at codon 12 in the PPARG2 gene is related to lower receptor activity. Studies suggest that the A12 allele is associated with reduced risk of type 2 diabetes; however, data on the risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) are scarce and controversial.


RESULTS
We examined the relationship between PPARG2 P12A and CHD risk in women (Nurses' Health Study) and men (Health Professionals Follow-Up Study) in nested case control settings. Among participants free of cardiovascular disease at baseline, 249 women and 266 men developed nonfatal myocardial infarction (MI) or fatal CHD during 8 and 6 years of follow-up, respectively. Using risk-set sampling, controls were selected 2:1 matched on age, smoking, and date of blood draw. The relative risk (RR) of nonfatal MI or fatal CHD of carriers compared with noncarriers of the A12 allele was 1.17 (95% CI, 0.82 to 1.68) among women and 1.44 (95% CI, 1.00 to 2.07) among men (pooled RR, 1.30 [95% CI, 1.00 to 1.67]). We found a significantly increased risk associated with the A12 allele among individuals with a body mass index > or =25 kg/m2 (women: RR, 1.88; 95% CI, 1.01 to 3.50; men: RR, 1.55; 95% CI, 0.92 to 2.60; pooled: RR, 1.68; 95% CI, 1.13 to 2.50) but not among those <25 kg/m2 (pooled RR, 0.86; 95% CI, 0.37 to 1.97; P heterogeneity overweight versus nonoverweight 0.16).


CONCLUSIONS
These data do not support the hypothesis that the A12 allele is associated with a decreased risk of CHD. The potential interaction between PPARG2 P12A, overweight, and increased CHD risk needs further evaluation.
Pischon
Tobias
T
Department of Nutrition and Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Mass, USA. pischon@mail.dife.de
Pai
Jennifer K
JK
Manson
JoAnn E
JE
Hu
Frank B
FB
Rexrode
Kathryn M
KM
Hunter
David
D
Rimm
Eric B
EB
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000235:genetics
D047495:PPAR gamma