title: Influence of age and in-patient care on prescription rate and long-term outcome in chronic heart failure: a data-based substudy of the EuroHeart Failure Survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prescription rate of neurohumoral drugs in chronic heart failure patients and the factors influencing prescription rates. Outcomes and their predisposing factors were also investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 1482 consecutive patients admitted to 3 Austrian hospitals participating in the EuroHeart Failure Survey, 341 were included in this data-based substudy. Follow-up time to evaluate outcome was up to 46 months. The prescription rates of renin-angiotensin (RAAS) antagonists and beta-blockers at the time of discharge were evaluated. The overall prescription rate and dosage were lower than the recommended levels. Hospitals with cardiac care had a significantly higher prescription rate than those without (p<0.001). Patients older than 75 years received significantly less therapy (p<0.001) and a lower dosage of RAAS antagonists (p<0.01) than younger patients. Younger patients were treated more intensively in hospitals with cardiac care (p<0.05). Patients aged >75 years were under-treated, independent of the hospital (n.s.). Multivariate analysis showed that age was the most influencing factor on survival (chi(2) 15.5, p<0.0001). Additional influencing factors of long-term survival were type of the ward (chi(2) 7.9, p<0.005) and pharmacologic treatment (chi(2) 6.2, p<0.02).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with chronic heart failure are still under-treated in clinical practice. Younger patients benefit from hospitals with specialized cardiac care. Elderly patients are obviously under-treated compared with younger patients. Of several clinical parameters, age was the only independent variable predicting long-term survival.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, University of Vienna, Währinger Gürtel 18-20, A-1090 Vienna, Austria. martin.huelsmann@meduniwien.ac.at
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hülsmann
authors.forename: Rudolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: Deddo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mörtl
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pacher
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001317:Austria; D003325:Coronary Care Units; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004363:Drug Utilization; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors