title: Differential expression of matrix metalloproteinase-1 in vitro corresponds to tissue morphogenesis and quality assurance of cultured skin substitutes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) was involved in the premature degradation of the dermal component in cultured skin substitutes (CSS) prepared with cells from burn patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CSS 645 and 647 were prepared from clinical human fibroblasts (HF) and keratinocytes (HK) that demonstrated premature degradation of collagen-glycosaminoglycan sponges in vitro. The control CSS were prepared from clinical HF and HK, CSS 648, and a pre-clinical cell strain, CSS 644 that did not degrade the sponges. Surface electrical capacitance measures surface hydration and was significantly higher for CSS 647 from days 9 through 14. MTT (3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]- diphenyltetrazolium bromide) conversion, an indicator of cellular viability was significantly lower for the 6-mm punch biopsies from CSS 645 and 647 at day 15 as compared to control CSS. MMP-1 protein levels measured by ELISA were significantly higher in medium from HF 645 and 647 than controls on the day of CSS inoculation. At day 14 of incubation, the mean MMP-1 concentration was significantly elevated in the medium from CSS 645 and 647 versus the controls, CSS 644 and 648. Western blots, and casein zymography demonstrated the presence of the latent and active forms of MMP-1 in the HF and CSS media, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MMP-1 was significantly higher in the media from two of the four HF strains and CSS after a 24 h incubation period. Elevated MMP-1 coincided with premature degradation of the dermal substitute in vitro, and reduced numbers of CSS that met quality assurance standards for clinical transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA.
authors.forename: Viki B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Swope
authors.forename: Steven T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Boyce
mesh_terms: D002056:Burns; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D005347:Fibroblasts; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000502:physiology*; D019984:Quality Indicators, Health Care; D012867:Skin / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D016038:Skin Transplantation; D017768:Skin, Artificial / Q000592:standards; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques
chemical_list: D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1