Alternate methods of teaching psychopharmacology.
OBJECTIVE
This article reviews methods used to teach psychopharmacology to psychiatry residents that utilize principles of adult learning, enlist active participation of residents, and provide faculty with skills to seek, analyze, and use new information over the course of their careers.


METHODS
The pros and cons of five "nonlecture" methods of teaching are reviewed: 1) journal clubs, 2) problem-based learning, 3) formalized patient-centered training, 4) games, and 5) the use of modern technology.


RESULTS
Several programs are beginning to find novel methods of teaching psychopharmacology that are effective and well received by trainees and faculty.


CONCLUSIONS
Programs need to go beyond the traditional lecture and apprenticeship model of psychopharmacology education to help make learning more fun, useful, relevant and self-sustaining.
Zisook
Sidney
S
University of California San Diego School of Medicine, 9500 Gillman Dr., 0603R, La Jolla, California 92093, USA. szisook@ucsd.edu
Benjamin
Sheldon
S
Balon
Richard
R
Glick
Ira
I
Louie
Alan
A
Moutier
Christine
C
Moyer
Trenton
T
Santos
Cynthia
C
Servis
Mark
M
D003479:Curriculum; D004502:Education, Medical, Continuing; D006801:Humans; D018794:Problem-Based Learning; D011600:Psychopharmacology / Q000193:education*; D011643:Publishing; D013672:Technology / Q000639:trends