title: Bulk characterization of pharmaceutical powders by low-pressure compression.
abstract: Low-pressure compression of pharmaceutical powders using small amounts of sample (50 mg) was evaluated as an alternative to traditional bulk powder characterization by tapping volumetry. Material parameters were extrapolated directly from the compression data and by fitting with the Walker, the Kawakita, and the Log-Exp compression models. The compression-derived material parameters were compared to the poured and tapped density and the Compressibility Index determined by tapping. The repeatability of the compression-derived parameters was generally high, supporting their potential for characterization purposes. Significant correlation was demonstrated between several of the compression and tapping-derived parameters. The discriminative power of the low-pressure compression test was discussed using the compressed density at 0.2 MPa, correlated with the tapped density, and the relative Walker coefficient, correlated with the Compressibility Index, as examples. The compressed density at 0.2 MPa and the relative Walker coefficient demonstrated excellent discriminative power, superior to the discriminative power of the correlated tapping derived parameters. The low-pressure compression test was concluded to provide a cost-effective and sensitive alternative to traditional tapping volumetry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, The Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Arne Hagsten
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Sørensen
authors.forename: Jørn Møller
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sonnergaard
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hovgaard
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005079:Excipients; D015233:Models, Statistical; D011208:Powders / Q000737:chemistry*; D011312:Pressure; D012015:Reference Standards
chemical_list: D005079:Excipients; D011208:Powders