title: Phase II study of 9-nitro-camptothecin in patients with advanced chordoma or soft tissue sarcoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this trial was to assess the objective clinical response, toxicity, and time to progression of treatment with 9-Nitro-Camptothecin (9-NC) in patients with advanced chordoma, soft tissue sarcoma (STS), and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST).
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with locally advanced and/or metastatic chordoma, STS, or GIST received 9-NC 1.25 mg/m2 orally for 5 consecutive days followed by 2 days of rest. Patients continued on therapy until disease progression, uncontrollable toxicity, or withdrawal of consent.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From January 2000 to May 2003, 51 patients (15 chordoma, 23 STS, 13 GIST patients) enrolled. One patient (7%) with chordoma and one patient (4%) with STS had an objective response. Median time to progression was 9.9, 8.0, and 8.3 weeks for chordoma, STS, and GIST patients, respectively. Three- and 6-month progression-free survival rates were 47% and 33% for chordoma patients, 26% and 22% for STS patients, and 31% and 23% for GIST patients, respectively. Ten patients (10%) stopped study drug before disease progression secondary to toxicity. Common adverse events included anemia (42 patients, seven with grade 3/4 toxicity), leukopenia (33 patients, nine with grade 3/4 toxicity), fatigue (30 patients, three with grade 3/4 toxicity), nausea (34 patients, six with grade 3/4 toxicity), and diarrhea (28 patients, five with grade 3/4 toxicity).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  9-NC has modest activity in delaying progression in patients with unresectable or metastatic chordoma. 9-NC is associated with moderate toxicity and shows little benefit in patients with advanced STS and GIST.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan Comprehensive Cancer Center, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Rashmi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chugh
authors.forename: Rodney
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dunn
authors.forename: Mark M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Zalupski
authors.forename: J Sybil
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Biermann
authors.forename: Vernon K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Sondak
authors.forename: Joseph R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Mace
authors.forename: Kirsten M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Leu
authors.forename: William F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Chandler
authors.forename: Laurence H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Baker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002817:Chordoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020714:Maximum Tolerated Dose; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness / Q000473:pathology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011336:Probability; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012509:Sarcoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D012983:Soft Tissue Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D002166:Camptothecin