title: Inhibition of N-methyl-N-nitrosourea-induced mammary carcinogenesis by molecular iodine (I2) but not by iodide (I-) treatment Evidence that I2 prevents cancer promotion.
abstract: We analyzed the effect of molecular iodine (I2), potassium iodide (KI) and a subclinical concentration of thyroxine (T4) on the induction and promotion of mammary cancer induced by N-methyl-N-nitrosourea. Virgin Sprague-Dawley rats received short or continuous treatment. Continuous I2 treated rats exhibited a strong and persistent reduction in mammary cancer incidence (30%) compared to controls (72.7%). Interruption of short or long term treatments resulted in a higher incidence in mammary cancer compared to the control groups. The protective effect of I2 was correlated with the highest expression of the I-/Cl- transporter pendrin and with the lowest levels of lipoperoxidation expression in mammary glands. Triiodothyronine serum levels and Na+/I- symporter, lactoperoxidase, or p53 expression did not show any changes. In conclusion continuous I2 treatment has a potent antineoplastic effect on the progression of mammary cancer and its effect may be related to a decrease in the oxidative cell environment.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Neurobiología, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Km 15 Carretera Qro-SLP, Juriquilla, Querétaro 76230, Mexico.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: García-Solís
authors.forename: Yunuen
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Alfaro
authors.forename: Brenda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Anguiano
authors.forename: Guadalupe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Delgado
authors.forename: Raphael C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Guzman
authors.forename: Satyabrata
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nandi
authors.forename: Mauricio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Díaz-Muñoz
authors.forename: Olivia
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vázquez-Martínez
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Aceves
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D027963:Chloride-Bicarbonate Antiporters / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015994:Incidence; D007454:Iodides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007455:Iodine / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008770:Methylnitrosourea; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D000076988:Sulfate Transporters; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000494:pharmacology; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D027963:Chloride-Bicarbonate Antiporters; D007454:Iodides; C494615:Slc26A4 protein, rat; D000076988:Sulfate Transporters; D008770:Methylnitrosourea; D007455:Iodine; D013974:Thyroxine