title: Effect of vision on postural sway in anterior cruciate ligament injured knees.
abstract: Recent clinical studies have investigated postural sway characteristics in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)-deficient knees, but the relative contributions of vision and ACL remain unclear. In the current study, we measured and compared postural sway during one-leg standing with eyes open and closed to assess the difference between legs with and without ACL injury, and we discuss the contribution of the ligament relative to vision and to postural sway in patients. We examined 32 patients (17 males, 15 females) with ACL injury before surgery from March 2001 through January 2004. None presented obvious dysfunction in the lower limbs or central nervous system. Using a gravicorder, we measured locus length per time (LG) and environmental area (AR) as the factors of postural sway during two-leg and one-leg standing with eyes open or closed. In the ACL-injured knee, the amount of postural sway increased significantly during injured leg standing with eyes closed (LG, P < 0.0001; AR, P < 0.0001), but it did not increase significantly with eyes open. There were no significant differences with respect to sex or general joint laxity. There was no correlation between postural sway and the anterior translation of the tibia measured by arthrometer KT2000 or between the muscle strength around the knee. We concluded that the amount of postural sway in the ACL-injured knee increased significantly on injured leg standing with eyes closed, and that vision appears to be dominant in compensating for the decreased contribution of the injured ACL.
authors.affiliation: Science of Functional Recovery and Reconstruction, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine and Dentistry, Okayama, Japan.
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okuda
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Yoshimi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Katayama
authors.forename: Masuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Senda
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Inoue
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology*; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014785:Vision, Ocular