title: Just a spoonful of humanities makes the medicine go down: introducing literature into a family medicine clerkship.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This project introduced medicine-related poetry and prose to a Year 3 family medicine clerkship with the purpose of determining students' perception of the usefulness of such materials to enhance empathy, improve patient management, and reduce stress. Although humanities are represented in the curricula of many medical schools, we need more information on how best to incorporate them during the clinical years.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2000, we used a needs assessment survey to identify learner perceptions of medical humanities. Using this information, in 2001-03 we developed and implemented a humanities-based curriculum consisting of readings linked to clinical vignettes, comments about humanities reading in required clinical Subjective, Objective, Assessment, Plan (SOAP) notes, and either station-specific or general poetry accompanying student end-of-clerkship objective structured clinical examinations. We collected both quantitative and qualitative data assessing student reactions and examined the data using non-parametric statistics and content analysis, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Students showed moderate interest in incorporating humanities in medical education as a way of enhancing empathy, improving understanding and reducing frustration. Assessment of the clerkship humanities curriculum suggested a positive influence on students in terms of empathy for the patient's perspective, and a lesser, but still positive, impact on patient management.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Responses from this group of learners suggest that there is receptivity toward introducing medical humanities into family medicine curricular venues and that such effort can have a generally positive effect on learner empathy, awareness and understanding toward patients and doctors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, University of California Irvine College of Medicine, Orange, 92868, USA. jfshapir@uci.edu
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shapiro
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Duke
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Boker
authors.forename: C Sue
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Ahearn
mesh_terms: D002982:Clinical Clerkship / Q000379:methods*; D003479:Curriculum; D005194:Family Practice / Q000193:education*; D006809:Humanities / Q000193:education*; D020380:Needs Assessment; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011037:Poetry as Topic; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States