title: Induction of the ABC-transporters Mdr1/P-gp (Abcb1), mrpl (Abcc1), and bcrp (Abcg2) during establishment of multidrug resistance following exposure to mitoxantrone.
abstract: Resistance to mitoxantrone is often associated with enhanced drug efflux mediated by members of the superfamily of adenosinetriphosphate-binding cassette (ABC) transporters, i.e. MDR1/P-gp (ABCB1), MRP1 (ABCC1), or BCRP (ABCG2). So far it is unclear whether the same ABC-transporter is always activated from the beginning of mitoxantrone treatment to the end of drug exposure. Here, we demonstrate that the expression of all three extrusion pumps is induced by increasing levels of mitoxantrone resistance, but in the end, merely the overexpression of a dominant single drug transporter, i.e. Mdr1/P-gp, is realized. This upregulation of Mdr1/P-gp was reflected by amplification of the Mdr1/P-gp encoding gene. Short mitoxantrone exposure demonstrated that upregulation of two different transporters, Mdr1/P-gp and Bcrp, was induced. The data indicate that mitoxantrone treatment influences the expression of several ABC-transporters, but in the end, merely a single extrusion pump will be dominant.
authors.affiliation: Charité Campus Mitte, Institute of Pathology, Schumannstr. 20/21, D-10117 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nieth
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lage
mesh_terms: D000070997:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D019450:Genes, MDR / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D008942:Mitoxantrone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D010053:Ovary / Q000166:cytology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C116614:ABCG2 protein, human; D000070997:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D008942:Mitoxantrone