title: TNFalpha and IL10 SNPs act together to predict disease behaviour in Crohn's disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The cytokines tumour necrosis factor (TNF)alpha and interleukin (IL)10 have been implicated in the pathogenesis of Crohn's disease (CD), with increased concentrations reported in patients with active disease. However, limited data exist on their effects on disease phenotype in the same population. Certain single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within the promoter region of the IL10 (-1082G/A, -592C/A) and TNFalpha (-308G/A, -857C/T) genes have been associated with altered levels of circulating IL10 and TNFalpha.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted an Australian based case-control study (304 CD patients; 231 healthy controls) of these four SNPs. Further investigation of two SNPs was conducted using a logistic regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified a possible association of both IL10 SNPs and TNFalpha-857 with CD. Further investigation of a relationship with disease severity showed a significant association of higher producing IL10-1082G and TNFalpha-857C alleles with stricturing behaviour, which was strongest when these alleles were combined and persisted after multivariate analysis (p = 0.007; odds ratio (OR) 2.37, 95% CI 1.26 to 4.43). In addition, the TNFalpha-857CC genotype was independently associated with familial CD (p = 0.03; OR 3.12; 95% CI 1.15 to 8.46).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These two SNPs may help to predict disease behaviour in CD patients, which may be clinically useful in shaping treatment of the disease at an earlier stage.
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Eri
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hume
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Johnstone
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pandeya
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lincoln
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Templeton
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Radford-Smith
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D010641:Phenotype; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10