title: Dehydrogenase and phosphomonoesterase activities in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) field after diazinon, imidacloprid and lindane treatments.
abstract: Impacts of diazinon, imidacloprid and lindane treatments on dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphomonoesterase enzyme activities were determined in groundnut (Arachis hypogaea L.) field for three consecutive years (1997-1999). Diazinon was applied as both seed and soil treatments but imidacloprid and lindane were used for seed treatments only at recommended rates. Experiments were conducted at Agricultural Research Station Durgapura, Jaipur, Rajasthan, India. Diazinon residues were persist up till 60 days in both the cases. Average half-lives (t(1/2)) of diazinon were found 29.3 and 34.8 days, respectively, for seed and soil treatments. Diazinon seed treatment had no significant effect on dehydrogenase and alkaline phosphomonoesterase enzymes activities. In diazinon soil treatment, there were a significant increase in dehydrogenase and decrease in alkaline phosphomonoesterase activities after 24 h of treatment, which continued till 30 days. In seed treatments, imidacloprid and lindane were present in soil up to 90 and 120 days with average half-lives (t(1/2)) of 40.9 and 53.3 days, respectively. Within 90 days, imidacloprid residues were declined up to 73.17% to 82.49% while decline in lindane residues ranged from 78.19% to 79.86% within 120 days. In imidacloprid seed treated field, both dehydrogenase and phosphomonoesterase activities were increased between 15 and 60 days after sowing. However, a significant decreases in both dehydrogenase and phosphomonoesterase enzyme activities were observed between 15 and 90 days after lindane seed treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, University of Delhi, Delhi 110 007, India.
authors.forename: Jitendra
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Dileep K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D010367:Arachis / Q000201:enzymology*; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D003976:Diazinon / Q000633:toxicity*; D006207:Half-Life; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane / Q000633:toxicity*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000633:toxicity*; D007194:India; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D007093:Imidazoles; D007306:Insecticides; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D012987:Soil; C082359:imidacloprid; D001556:Hexachlorocyclohexane; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D010744:Phosphoric Monoester Hydrolases; D003976:Diazinon