title: Effects of glucose-insulin-potassium solution added to reperfusion treatment in acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Reperfusion treatment modalities used in the routine treatment protocols of acute myocardial infarction (AMI) were found to be ineffective in establishing the nutritional cellular reperfusion in the microvascular environment even they succeed to open the infarct related artery. Glucose-insulin-potassium (GIK) solution, which is presumed to stimulate the glycolytic pathway, is experimentally proven to be the most efficacious substrate for the preservation of energy production and therefore the myocardial viability, in the setting of acute ischemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared, 54 patients who suffered AMI and received GIK solution (300 g glucose+50 IU crystallized insulin+80 mEq potassium chloride in one liter solution) in addition to conventional treatment (GIK group) with 27 patients who were traditionally treated (control group) for in-hospital and early-term (1 month) cardiac morbidity. We also compared the two groups in terms of heart rate variability (HRV).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight patients in the control group developed new-onset symptomatic congestive heart failure whereas only 5 patients in GIK group were found to have such a cardiac morbidity (p=0.01). Reduced HRV (<50 ms) was found in 3 patients of control group whereas no patient in GIK group had abnormal HRV (p=0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The GIK solution decreased the incidence of new-onset symptomatic congestive heart failure and low HRV after myocardial infarction. Larger multicenter trials need to resolve the questions on the efficiency of metabolic intervention with GIK solution in acute myocardial infarction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Uludag University, 16059 Görükle, Bursa, Turkey.
authors.forename: Baybars
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Türel
authors.forename: Kani
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gemici
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Baran
authors.forename: Dilek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yeşilbursa
authors.forename: Sümeyye
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Güllülü
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aydinlar
authors.forename: Akin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Serdar
authors.forename: Ali Riza
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Kazazoğlu
authors.forename: Ethem
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kumbay
authors.forename: Jale
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cordan
mesh_terms: D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary / Q000379:methods*; D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000628:therapy*; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control; D011188:Potassium / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002314:Cardioplegic Solutions; D007328:Insulin; C030396:glucose-insulin-potassium cardioplegic solution; D005947:Glucose; D011188:Potassium