title: Arginine vasopressin and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide fibers make appositions with gonadotropin-releasing hormone and estrogen receptor cells in the diurnal rodent Arvicanthis niloticus.
abstract: Diurnal and nocturnal animals differ with respect to the timing of a host of behavioral and physiological events including those associated with estrus, but the neural bases of these differences have not been elucidated. We investigated this issue by examining the distribution of cells containing gonadotropin-releasing hormone (GnRH) as well as estrogen receptors (ERs) in relation to fibers containing peptides present in the suprachiasmatic nucleus (SCN) in a diurnal animal, Arvicanthis niloticus (the unstriped Nile grass rat). We found that fibers containing two peptides found in SCN cells, arginine vasopressin and vasoactive intestinal polypeptide appeared to be in contact with GnRH and ER positive cells. These data suggest that temporal information is carried along the same direct pathways from the SCN to GnRH and ER neurons in day- and night-active species.
authors.affiliation: Reproductive Sciences Program, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-1109, USA. mahoneym@umich.edu
authors.forename: Megan M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Mahoney
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Smale
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin / Q000378:metabolism*; D002452:Cell Count / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D009115:Muridae / Q000502:physiology; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D013493:Suprachiasmatic Nucleus / Q000166:cytology*; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D001127:Arginine Vasopressin; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide