title: [A clinical, neurophysiological and molecular study of 12 patients from 4 families with spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Spinal and bulbar muscular atrophy (SBMA) is an X-linked, late-onset neuro-endocrine disorder resulting from an expansion of a CAG repeat in the androgen receptor gene. Material and method. We report the detailed phenotypic study in a series of 12 SBMA patients evaluated in four kindreds.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clinical phenotypic spectrum varied considerably, ranging from childhood-onset weakness and atrophy mimicking limb-girdle myopathy in patients with 53 CAG repeats to isolated hyperCKemia in an adult with 42 CAG repeats. All male patients had gynecomastia. Two female carriers presented with paresthesias and hand action tremor. Homozygous deletions of SMN1 and SMN2 genes were not found in any patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This report demonstrates that SBMA may present with a wider clinical spectrum than previously described and suggests that clinical phenotype severity in SBMA is partially linked to the number of CAG repeats. It also suggests that SMN1 and SMN2 genes do not act as modifying genes in SBMA.
authors.affiliation: Département de Neurologie, Hôpital Civil de Strasbourg. Echaniz-Laguna@medecine.u-strasbg.fr
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Echaniz-Laguna
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rousso
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Anheim
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fleury
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cossée
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tranchant
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009134:Muscular Atrophy, Spinal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D020966:Muscular Disorders, Atrophic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D010375:Pedigree