title: Practical formulation and process development of freeze-dried products.
abstract: Freeze-drying science and technology continues to evolve and increase in importance because of the emergence of biotechnology drugs that are too unstable to be commercially available as ready-to-use solutions. As more new drug compounds need to be developed as freeze-dried products, this mini-review article provides practical guidance and commentary on the latest literature articles on formulation and process development of freeze-dried products. This article contains a table that provides the quantitative formulations of all commercial freeze-dried protein pharmaceutical products through 2004.
authors.affiliation: Baxter BioPharma Solutions, Bloomington, IN, USA.
authors.forename: J Jeff
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Schwegman
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Hardwick
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Akers
mesh_terms: D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D004355:Drug Stability; D005079:Excipients; D005612:Freeze Drying / Q000379:methods*; D012997:Solvents
chemical_list: D005079:Excipients; D012997:Solvents