title: Simulation modeling for nitrogen removal and experimental estimation of mass fractions of microbial groups in single-sludge system.
abstract: Nitrification-denitrification in a single-sludge nitrogen removal system (SSNRS; with a sufficient carbon source for denitrification) was performed. With an increase in the mixed liquor recycle ratio (R(m)) from 1 to 2, the total nitrogen (TN) removal efficiency at a lower volumetric loading rate (VLR=0.21 NH(4)(+)-N m(-3) d(-1)) increased, but the TN removal efficiency at a higher VLR (0.35 kg NH(4)(+)-N m(-3) d(-1)) decreased. A kinetic model that accounts for the mass fractions of Nitrosomonas, Nitrobacter, nitrate reducer and nitrite reducer (f(n1), f(n2), f(dn1), and f(dn2)) in the SSNRS and an experimental approach for the estimation of the mass fractions of nitrogen-related microbial groups are also proposed. The estimated f(dn1) plus f(dn2) (0.65-0.83) was significantly larger than the f(n1) plus f(n2) (0.28-0.32); the f(n1) (0.21-0.26) was larger than the f(n2) (0.05-0.07); and the f(dn1) (0.32-0.45) varied slightly with the f(dn2) (0.33-0.38). At the lower VLR, the f(dn1) plus f(dn2) increased with increasing R(m); however at the higher VLR, the f(dn1) plus f(dn2) did not increase with increasing R(m). By using the kinetic model, the calculated residual NH(4)(+)-N and NO(2)(-)-N in the anoxic reactor and NO(2)(-)-N and NO(3)(-)-N in the aerobic reactor were in fairly good agreement with the experimental data; the calculated NO(3)(-)-N in the anoxic reactor was over-estimated and the calculated NH(4)(+)-N in the aerobic reactor was under-estimated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering, Kun Shan University of Technology, Tainan County 710, Taiwan, ROC. huangjsd@mail.ncku.edu.tw
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Ting
mesh_terms: D000332:Aerobiosis; D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology; D007700:Kinetics; D008956:Models, Chemical; D009566:Nitrates / Q000032:analysis; D009573:Nitrites / Q000032:analysis; D009576:Nitrobacter / Q000254:growth & development*; D017672:Nitrogen Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D009606:Nitrosomonas / Q000254:growth & development*; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D017672:Nitrogen Compounds; D012722:Sewage; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D000641:Ammonia