title: Effects of Anoectochilus formosanus on endurance capacity in mice.
abstract: The present study was designed to determine the effects of Anoectochilus formosanus exract (AFE) on endurance capacity in mice. Four wk-old male mice were given either a vehicle (distilled water) or AFE (500, 1,000 mg/kg) through stomach intubations for 4 wk. Mice were made to perform swimming exercises with weights attached to their tails corresponding to 10% of their body weight. Endurance capacity was evaluated by swimming time to exhaustion. The group treated with 1,000 mg/kg AFE showed a significant improvement (p<0.05) in endurance performance time. The mice were made to swim for 15 min with loads corresponding to 5% of their body weight. In the 1,000 mg/kg body weight of AFE administration group, blood lactate concentration was significantly lower than in the control group. In the AFE administration group, the plasma non-esterfied fatty acid (NEFA) was significantly increased by swimming exercise. AFE treatment also significantly decreased fat accumulation. Liver and gastrocnemius muscle glycogen after 15 min of swimming remained at significantly higher levels in the mice fed 1,000 mg/kg of AFE as compared to the control group. These results suggest that AFE activated utilization of lipid more than glucose as the energy source for performance.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods Science, Graduate school of Marine Science and Technology, Tokyo University of Marin Science and Technology, 4-5-7, Konan, Minato-ku, Tokyo 108-8477, Japan. fm03544@edu.s.kaiyodai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ikeuchi
authors.forename: Kohji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Tomio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Kazunaga
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yazawa
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D004822:Epididymis; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D006003:Glycogen / Q000032:analysis; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry; D029595:Orchidaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000187:drug effects*; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013550:Swimming
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D010936:Plant Extracts; D019344:Lactic Acid; D006003:Glycogen; D002784:Cholesterol