DNA typing: an accessory evidence in doping control.
A clear positive case for anabolic steroids doping was confounded by alleged urine tampering during doping control procedures. Review of the chain of custody showed no flaws, but nevertheless the athlete was adamant that the urine sample should be analyzed for DNA in order to support her contention that she was not the donor of the sample. The results obtained showed that the urine sample that scored positive for steroids contained nuclear DNA that could not be matched to the DNA obtained from the athlete's blood. On the other hand, the same urine sample contained mitochondrial DNA whose nucleotide sequences spanning the hyper variable regions HV1 and HV2 proved to be identical to those determined in mitochondrial DNA amplified from the athlete's blood. The occurrence of an extraneous genotype is compatible with exogenous nuclear DNA admixture to the athlete's urine. Alternatively, taking in consideration the mitochondrial DNA, we could not exclude that a sibling or a maternal relative of the athlete could have acted as a donor of the urine utilized for doping control and DNA analysis. Both situations point to possible tampering of the urine by the athlete. Adjudication at CAS maintained previous national and international federation decision that there was no proof of a chain of custody flaw to justify the athlete's allegation of urine substitution after collection.
Sípoli Marques
Marlice Aparecida
MA
LABDOP-LADETEC, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Ilha do Fundão, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil-21949-900.
Pinto Damasceno
Lucia Meneses
LM
Gualberto Pereira
Henrique Marcelo
HM
Caldeira
Concy Maya
CM
Pereira Dias
Bianca Faria
BF
de Giacomo Vargens
Daniela
D
Amoedo
Nívea Dias
ND
Volkweis
Rosana Oliveira
RO
Volkweis Viana
Rosane Oliveira
RO
Rumjanek
Franklin David
FD
Aquino Neto
Francisco Radler
FR
D045930:Anabolic Agents / Q000652:urine; D001483:Base Sequence; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000652:urine; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D017931:DNA Primers; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000737:chemistry / Q000652:urine; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004300:Doping in Sports; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection / Q000379:methods; D016482:Urinalysis
D045930:Anabolic Agents; D017931:DNA Primers; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D004247:DNA