title: Powering the porter brewery.
abstract: Before canals and railways developed as a major transport network, it was seldom profitable to transport beer inland over more than a few miles. In country towns and villages, therefore, beer would be brewed either by a small 'common' brewery that supplied a handful of pubs and private customers, or in an even smaller brew-house attached to the pub itself. Many families also brewed their own beer. However, large-scale mass-production did make sense in the major urban centres - and above all in London, with its ever-growing, thirsty population. Over the course of the 18th century, a handful of London breweries began to boast plants, outputs and distribution systems far greater than anything previously in existence.
authors.affiliation: Centre for the History of Science, Technology and Medicine, Simon Building, Brunswick Street, University of Manchester, Manchester, UK M13 9PL.
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sumner
mesh_terms: D001515:Beer / Q000266:history*; D004738:Engineering; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006801:Humans; D007221:Industry / Q000266:history*; D008131:London; D019563:Mechanics; D013660:Taxes