title: Efficacy and safety of hypoglycemic drugs in children with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the characteristics of children with type 2 diabetes mellitus and to determine the efficacy and safety of drug therapies for this disease in this population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of medical records.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endocrinology specialty clinic at a tertiary teaching children's hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-two children and adolescents with type 2 diabetes examined between January 1996 and December 2001.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Demographic information, presenting signs and symptoms, drug history, and laboratory values were obtained in all patients. Presenting signs and symptoms were similar to those seen in adults. Patients were initially treated with metformin (14.3%), sulfonylureas (14.3%), insulin (31.0%), or combination therapy (14.3%). Most drug regimens decreased hemoglobin A 1c (A1C) levels. Overall, patients treated with drugs had a significant decrease in A1C values, from 10.6% +/- 2.7% (mean +/- SD) before treatment to 8.0% +/- 2.0% at 3.2-52.9 months of treatment (p<0.001). Adverse reactions attributed to drugs included hypoglycemia and gastrointestinal distress.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Drug therapy appears to be effective in lowering A1C values in pediatric patients, although further prospective trials are necessary to determine optimal drug therapy in this population.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacy Practice and Administration, College of Pharmacy, Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Benavides
authors.forename: Jeffrey
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Striet
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Germak
authors.forename: Milap C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Nahata
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000139:chemically induced; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008687:Metformin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D008687:Metformin; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds