title: Anthropoid primates from the Oligocene of Pakistan (Bugti Hills): data on early anthropoid evolution and biogeography.
abstract: Asian tarsiid and sivaladapid primates maintained relictual distributions in southern Asia long after the extirpation of their close Holarctic relatives near the Eocene-Oligocene boundary. We report here the discovery of amphipithecid and eosimiid primates from Oligocene coastal deposits in Pakistan that demonstrate that stem anthropoids also survived in southern Asia beyond the climatic deterioration that characterized the Eocene-Oligocene transition. These fossils provide data on temporal and paleobiogeographic aspects of early anthropoid evolution and significantly expand the record of stem anthropoid evolution in the Paleogene of South Asia.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Paléontologie, Institut des Sciences de l'Evolution de Montpellier, Unité Mixte de Recherche-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique 5554, c.c. 064, Université Montpellier II, Montpellier, France. marivaux@isem.univ-montp2.fr
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marivaux
authors.forename: Pierre-Olivier
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Antoine
authors.forename: Syed Rafiqul Hassan
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Baqri
authors.forename: Mouloud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Benammi
authors.forename: Yaowalak
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chaimanee
authors.forename: Jean-Yves
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Crochet
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: de Franceschi
authors.forename: Nayyer
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.forename: Jean-Jacques
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Jaeger
authors.forename: Grégoire
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Métais
authors.forename: Ghazala
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Roohi
authors.forename: Jean-Loup
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Welcomme
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D002980:Climate; D003710:Demography; D005580:Fossils; D000882:Haplorhini / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000145:classification; D009811:Odontometry; D010154:Pakistan; D010802:Phylogeny; D013045:Species Specificity; D014070:Tooth / Q000033:anatomy & histology*