title: Fas polymorphisms influence susceptibility to autoimmune hepatitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Genetic factors associated with autoimmune hepatitis (AIH) and primary biliary cirrhosis (PBC), immune-mediated chronic inflammatory liver diseases of unknown etiology, remain to be elucidated. Polymorphisms of the gene encoding Fas have been linked to a variety of autoimmune diseases. We hypothesized that Fas gene polymorphisms might be genetic markers for AIH and PBC.
  
  
  METHODS
  To determine the frequency and significance of Fas polymorphisms in patients with AIH and PBC, 74 Japanese AIH patients, 98 Japanese PBC patients, and 132 ethnically matched control subjects were investigated by the use of the Taqman assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found significant differences between AIH patients and controls in allele frequencies of Fas-670 (p=0.009), Fas IVS (intervening sequence) 2nt176 (p=0.018), Fas IVS3nt46 (p=0.031), and Fas IVS5nt82 (p=0.013) polymorphisms. Haplotype analysis revealed that one of the haplotypes, GATGC, was associated with increased AIH prevalence. On the other hand, we found no statistically significant differences between PBC patients and controls in allele frequencies of the Fas polymorphisms genotyped in this study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate a genetic link of Fas polymorphisms to the development of AIH. Further studies are needed to determine the genetic factors contributing to the development of AIH.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Clinical Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba City, Japan.
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hiraide
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Imazeki
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Yokosuka
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanda
authors.forename: Hiroshige
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fukai
authors.forename: Yoichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: Hiromitsu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saisho
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000483:Alleles; D001706:Biopsy; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D019693:Hepatitis, Autoimmune / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D019014:fas Receptor
chemical_list: C491901:FAS protein, human; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D019014:fas Receptor; D004247:DNA