title: Analyses comparing the antimicrobial activity and safety of current antiseptic agents: a review.
abstract: This article reviews the results and conclusions from four pivotal and two comparative clinical trials. The six randomized, controlled, single-blinded, parallel-group clinical trials were conducted to determine which antiseptic is best for use as a patient preoperative skin preparation. The objective of these studies was to compare the immediate, persistent (residual), and cumulative antimicrobial efficacy and safety of 2% chlorhexidine gluconate (CHG) combined with 70% isopropyl alcohol (IPA) (ChloraPrep); another combination CHG and IPA antiseptic (CHG+IPA) and 2% aqueous CHG alone; 4% CHG (Hibiclens) alone; 70% isopropyl alcohol (IPA) alone; and an iodine-containing solution, 10% povidone-iodine (Betadine) alone as preoperative skin topical antiseptics for potential prevention of nosocomial infections.
authors.affiliation: JSHibbard@aol.com
authors.forename: John S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hibbard
mesh_terms: D019840:2-Propanol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000985:Antisepsis / Q000379:methods*; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000592:standards; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011206:Povidone-Iodine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D012107:Research Design / Q000592:standards; D012449:Safety; D017592:Skin Care / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D011206:Povidone-Iodine; C010882:chlorhexidine gluconate; D019840:2-Propanol; D002710:Chlorhexidine