title: Fractionation of surface sediment fines based on a coupled sieve-SPLITT (split flow thin cell) method.
abstract: In traditional sediment grain-size separation using sieve technique, the bulk of the organic matter passes through the smallest mesh size (generally 38 microm) and is not further fractionated. In this study, a common sieve separation has therefore been coupled with an extra high capacity split flow thin cell fractionation (EHC-SPLITT) instrument to separate the bulk surface sediment not only into size-based sieve fractions (> 100, 63-100, 38-63 and < 38 microm) but particularly to further fractionate hydrodynamically the fine fraction (< 38 microm) using the EHC-SPLITT. Compared to the few previous studies using a smaller high capacity (HC) SPLITT cell, the EHC-SPLITT evaluated in detail here has several advantages (e.g., 23 times higher throughput and allowance for large particle diameters). First, the EHC-SPLITT was calibrated with particle standards. Then, its ability to fractionate fine surface sediments hydrodynamically was demonstrated with material from biogeochemically distinct regimes using two cutoff velocities (1 and 6 m d(-1)). The results from particle standards indicated a good agreement between theory and experiment and a satisfactory mass recovery for the sieve-SPLITT method (80-97%) was observed for sediment samples. The mass distributions revealed that particles < 38 microm were predominant (70-90%), indicating the large need for a technique such as the EHC-SPLITT to further fractionate the fine particles. There were clearly different compositions in the EHC-SPLITT-mediated sub-fractions of the sediment fines as indicated by analyses of organic and inorganic parameters (POC, Si, Fe and Al). The EHC-SPLITT technique has the potential to provide information of great utility to studies of benthic boundary layer transport and off-shelf export and how such processes fractionate geochemical signals.
authors.affiliation: Swedish Museum of Natural History, Laboratory for Isotope Geology, Box 50007, 10405 Stockholm, Sweden. laurent.coppola@nrm.se
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Coppola
authors.forename: Orjan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gustafsson
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.forename: Pär
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Axelsson
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods*; D003102:Colloids / Q000737:chemistry; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D031521:Fractionation, Field Flow / Q000379:methods*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D006112:Gravitation; D010316:Particle Size
chemical_list: D003102:Colloids