title: Caries-preventive agents induce remineralization of dentin in a biofilm model.
abstract: The aim was to study remineralization in dentin underneath a biofilm. This was done in a constant depth film fermentor (CDFF) which was modified so that two treatments can be applied simultaneously in one experiment. Forty-five Streptococcus mutans biofilms were grown in grooves in dentin. Growth medium (3.7 g/l BHI, 1.5 mM calcium and 25 mM PIPES) was administered alternately with 2% sucrose pulsing 4 x 30 min/day. Fluoride at 135 ppm as NaF only or in a mixture with 0.2% chlorhexidine was applied for 2 x 5 min/day. The treatments started 5 days after inoculation and lasted 15 days. Five specimens per group were removed at various time points. The biofilms were checked for viability (by plating) and acid content (by capillary electrophoresis). The dentin specimens were analysed for mineral loss and lesion depth (by transversal microradiography). Fluoride treatment had no effect on the viability but reduced lactic acid production by 75%. The mixture treatment reduced the viability by 80% and the lactic acid content by 93% on the first day and later reduced the two parameters to below the detection limits. Significant differences in changes in mineral loss and lesion depth were observed between the treatment groups. Partial remineralization but deeper lesions were observed in the fluoride group, while nearly complete remineralization was seen in the mixture group. In conclusion, the CDFF S. mutans biofilm model can be used as a de- and remineralization biofilm model, and the split mode is particularly suitable for testing caries-preventive agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cariology, Endodontolgy and Pedodontology, Academic Centre for Dentistry (ACTA), Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van Loveren
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: ten Cate
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002417:Cattle; D002710:Chlorhexidine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D003804:Dentin / Q000187:drug effects; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005459:Fluorides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D014089:Tooth Remineralization
chemical_list: D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D005459:Fluorides; D002710:Chlorhexidine