title: Effects of cyclosporine on oxidant/antioxidant status in rat ovary tissues: protective role of black grape extract.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It has been demonstrated that immunosuppressive drug cyclosporine A (CsA) increases the synthesis of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation products in vitro and in vivo studies, but its possible toxic effects in ovary tissue have not been defined yet. This study was designed to elucidate possible relation between CsA treatment and oxidant/antioxidant status in rat ovary tissue and, to determine if antioxidant supplementation is beneficial.
  
  
  METHODS
  CsA and black grape extracts were given to rats orally for 10 days. In each group (control, CsA, CsA plus black grape and black grape alone), there were 7 animals (28 rats in total). After the animals were sacrificed, their ovaries were removed to be used in the measurement of malondialdehyde (MDA) level and activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT) and xanthine oxidase (XO) enzymes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the control, CsA plus black grape and black grape alone groups, MDA levels were significantly lower than CsA group. Xanthine oxidase activities were significantly higher in CsA and CsA plus black grape groups than control group. In addition, XO activity was significantly lower in black grape alone group than all the other groups including control group. There were no significant differences in the activities of SOD and CAT enzymes between the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that CsA leads to oxidant stress and peroxidation in rat ovary tissues mainly due to increased XO activity. It has been suggested that this oxidant stress and peroxidation reactions can be prevented by antioxidant food supplementation like black grape.
authors.affiliation: Ankara University School of Medicine, Department of Biochemistry, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Imge B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Ergüder
authors.forename: Recep
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cetin
authors.forename: Erdinç
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Devrim
authors.forename: Bülent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kiliçoğlu
authors.forename: Aslihan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avci
authors.forename: Ilker
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Durak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D010053:Ovary / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D027843:Vitis; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D016572:Cyclosporine; D002374:Catalase; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase