Determinants of natriuretic peptide gene expression.
The cardiac natriuretic peptides (NP) atrial natriuretic factor or peptide (ANF or ANP) and brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) are polypeptide hormones synthesized, stored and secreted mainly by cardiac muscle cells (cardiocytes) of the atria of the heart. Both ANF and BNP are co-stored in storage granules referred to as specific atrial granules. The biological properties of NP include modulation of intrinsic renal mechanisms, the sympathetic nervous system, the rennin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS) and other determinants, of fluid volume, vascular tone and renal function. Studies on the control of baseline and stimulated ANF synthesis and secretion indicate at least two types of regulated secretory processes in atrial cardiocytes: one is stretch-stimulated and pertussis toxin (PTX) sensitive and the other is Gq-mediated and is PTX insensitive. Baseline ANF secretion is also PTX insensitive. In vivo, it is conceivable that the first process mediates stimulated ANF secretion brought about by changes in central venous return and subsequent atrial muscle stretch as observed in acute extracellular fluid volume expansion. The second type of stimulation is brought about by sustained hemodynamic and neuroendocrine stimuli such as those observed in congestive heart failure.
McGrath
Monica Forero
MF
Cardiovascular Endocrinology Laboratory, University of Ottawa Heart Institute, 40 Ruskin St., Ottawa, Ont., Canada K1Y 4W7.
de Bold
Adolfo J
AJ
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D005091:Exons; D043802:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11 / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006333:Heart Failure; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000378:metabolism; D037342:Pertussis Toxin / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction
D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D037342:Pertussis Toxin; D043802:GTP-Binding Protein alpha Subunits, Gq-G11; D002118:Calcium