title: The intrinsic toxicity of several neonicotinoids to Lygus lineolaris and Hyaliodes vitripennis, a phytophagous and a predacious mirid.
abstract: The tarnished plant bug Lygus lineolaris (Palisot de Beauvois) is a key pest of apples in eastern Canada and, currently, chemical control is the only way to manage this pest. Hyaliodes vitripennis (Say) is a univoltine indigenous predacious mirid and an integral part of biological control programs for apples in certain regions of Quebec. In worst-case laboratory conditions, thiamethoxam, thiacloprid and acetamiprid were exceptionally toxic to this predacious mirid. The adults were more susceptible than the nymphs. However, the residual toxicity of these neonicotinoids to L lineolaris in orchards was very short-lived. Because of the short residual toxicity, neonicotinoids should be applied when L lineolaris is at maximum abundance and well before eggs of H vitripennis hatch in late June.
authors.affiliation: Horticultural Research and Development Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, 430 Gouin Blvd, St Jean-sur-Richelieu, Qc, Canada, J3B 3E6. bostaniannj@agr.gc.ca
authors.forename: Noubar J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Bostanian
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Hardman
authors.forename: Estelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ventard
authors.forename: Gaétan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Racette
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D020062:Heteroptera / Q000187:drug effects*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D010078:Oxazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077922:Thiamethoxam; D013843:Thiazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D013844:Thiazoles
chemical_list: D007093:Imidazoles; D007306:Insecticides; D000073943:Neonicotinoids; D009574:Nitro Compounds; D010078:Oxazines; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D011725:Pyridines; D013843:Thiazines; D013844:Thiazoles; C082359:imidacloprid; C464485:acetamiprid; D000077922:Thiamethoxam; C417209:thiacloprid