title: Biomarkers of exposure and effect in Bulgarian petrochemical workers exposed to benzene.
abstract: Biomarkers of benzene exposure and effect were evaluated in 158 Bulgarian petrochemical workers and 50 matched controls. Air exposures to benzene averaged about 1.8 ppm, for workers and 0.02 ppm for controls. Urinary trans,trans-muconic acid, and S-phenylmuconic acid, showed dose response relationships with benzene air exposure. The dose response curve for DNA single strand breaks (SSB), but not for the metabolites, showed a saturation effect. NQO1 genotype had a significant effect on SSB. We conclude that the pathways for these metabolites may be distinct from those involved in some forms of genotoxic damage induced by benzene.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, UMDNJ, 330 George St., New Brunswick, NJ 08903, USA. sjgarte@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Seymour
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Garte
authors.forename: Todor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Popov
authors.forename: Tzveta
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Georgieva
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bolognesi
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Taioli
authors.forename: Pieralberto
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bertazzi
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Farmer
authors.forename: Domenico Franco
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Merlo
mesh_terms: D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000652:urine; D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D001554:Benzene / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D015415:Biomarkers; D002031:Bulgaria; D002617:Chemical Industry; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004249:DNA Damage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) / Q000235:genetics; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D010578:Petroleum; D013011:Sorbic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D015415:Biomarkers; D010578:Petroleum; C005939:muconic acid; C053003:S-phenyl-N-acetylcysteine; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); C447479:NQO1 protein, human; D001554:Benzene; D000111:Acetylcysteine; D013011:Sorbic Acid