title: [Modified "Wigand" technique used in the revision endoscopic sinus surgery].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To introduce the modified "Wigand" revision endoscopic sinus surgical technique and evaluate the effect for the patients with recurrent type 3 nasal chronic sinusitis and polyps.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and thirteen cases with recurrent type 3 disease of nasal chronic sinusitis and polyps had been operated by the way of "from anterior-to-posterior-to-anterior" modified "Wigand" revision endoscopic sinus surgery. Take choanae, maxillary sinus ostium, the remnant of middle turbinate and the roof and lateral wall of sphenoid sinus as four stable anatomic landmarks. All the patients were operated bilaterally total ethmoidectomy at the same time.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-six cases of 113 (67.3%) were cured, 31 (27.4%) were improved, 6 (5.3%) were of no effect, and the total effective rate was 94.7%; the average volume of blood during surgery was 165 ml. The total operating time was no more than 1 hour. No severe complication was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  "From anterior-to-posterior-to-anterior" modified "Wigand" technique is a safe, quick and effective revision endoscopic sinus surgery. Four stable anatomic landmarks are helpful for us to resect the total ethmoid thoroughly and prevent severe complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Eye Ear Nose and Throat Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200031, China. hongmengyu@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Hongmeng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Chonghua
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009298:Nasal Polyps / Q000601:surgery*; D012008:Recurrence; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000601:surgery*