title: Fully injectable calcium phosphate cement--a promise to dentistry.
abstract: Calcium phosphate cements (CPC) are self setting and biocompatible bone substitute materials with potential applications in dentistry. However, its clinical use has been challenged by poor rheological properties. A novel formulation of CPC has been developed, which gives a fully injectable and cohesive paste. This work investigates the suitability of the new "fully injectable calcium phosphate cement" (FI-CPC) for dental applications. The cementing properties, material characteristics, and the rheological properties were tested using a battery of material characteristics methods. The biocompatibility was also evaluated as per ISO 7405. The setting time (20 min) and compressive strength (>11 Mpa) of FI-CPC satisfy the clinical requirements. It underwent setting without any exothermic reaction, keeping good dimensional stability. The cement paste could be extruded through a 18-gauge needle, easily and fully. It showed excellent cohesion when immersed in water. FI-CPC was seen to set into a micro-porous mass of hydroxyapatite, the mineral part of human dentin. It showed good attachment to dentin walls, when filled in tooth perforations. FI-CPC was found non-toxic, non-allergic, non-pyrogenic, and soft-tissue compatible. The study shows that FI-CPC provides a self setting bio-compatible paste with excellent rheological properties for surgical applications. The set cement provides good and stable sealing. The osteoconductive property is an added advantage. FI-CPC proves to be an ideal material for endodontic sealing/filling and periodontic repair.
authors.affiliation: Sree Chitra Tirunal Institute for Medical Sciences Technology, Poojappur, Thiruvananthapuram.
authors.forename: Manoj
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Komath
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Varma
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D019245:Compressive Strength; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D017886:Durapatite / Q000737:chemistry; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D051379:Mice; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects; D012212:Rheology; D012867:Skin / Q000187:drug effects; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D003764:Dental Materials; D017886:Durapatite; C020243:calcium phosphate