title: Multistaged esophageal elongation technique for long gap esophageal atresia: experience with 7 cases at a single institution.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Esophageal reconstruction for long gap esophageal atresia (LGEA) is still controversial. We successfully managed 7 cases of patients with LGEA by doing staged elongation of the native esophagus and subsequent end-to-end anastomosis. The technique and efficacy of this procedure are evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  During the last 10 years, 7 patients with LGEA (Gross type A, 5; B, 1; C, 1) underwent multiple extrathoracic esophageal elongations (ETEEs) of the upper esophagus and subsequent esophagoesophagostomy. Medical records were reviewed in regard to the number of ETEE before definitive esophageal reconstruction, interval between each ETEE, operation time, time before initiation of sham feeding, duration of hospital stay, and complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The definitive esophageal reconstruction was successfully achieved without major complications in all patients after 2 to 4 stages of ETEE. The interval between each ETEE was 72 days on average. The average operation time was 98 minutes. The elongation was 1 to 3.5 cm during each session. Oral sham feeding was recommenced 4.1 days after each ETEE, and the hospital stay was 9.6 days on average. Gastroesophageal reflux occurred in all patients, requiring antireflux surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude from our experience (a) that effective esophageal lengthening with preservation of the native esophagus was achieved with multiple ETEE in LGEA and (b) that this procedure allows oral sham feeding at home until esophageal reconstruction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Kobe Children's Hospital, Kobe 654-0081, Japan. takamizawa_kch@hp.pref.hyogo.jp
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takamizawa
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nishijima
authors.forename: Chikara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tsugawa
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Muraji
authors.forename: Shiiki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tatekawa
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D002404:Catheterization; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D004933:Esophageal Atresia / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D004944:Esophagoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D004946:Esophagostomy / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014138:Tracheoesophageal Fistula / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery