Subchronic toxicity of baltic herring oil and its fractions in the rat (III) bone tissue composition and dimension, and ratio of n-6/n-3 fatty acids in serum phospholipids.
Changes in total bone mineral density determined by the bone-ash method were recently demonstrated in rats, exposed to Herring oil from the contaminated southern part of the Baltic Sea. In the present study more detailed analysis of bone structure and biomechanics was performed and obtained results were evaluated in the context of dietary factors, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamin D and vitamin A. Baltic Sea herring oil was fractionated into one relatively pollutant-free fraction (F1), and two fractions with pronounced enrichment of pollutants (F2 and F3). Female Sprague-Dawley rats were fed diets supplemented with Baltic Herring oil, its fractions, Nordic Sea capelin oil or soy oil. Femur was scanned with peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT) and also tested by a mechanical compression analysis. Polyunsaturated fatty acids, vitamin A and D were analysed in serum. Rats fed the high dose of herring oil exhibited shorter femur length with decreased diaphyseal cortical bone mineral density, as well as lowered metaphyseal cross-sectional area compared to the soy oil group. Rats fed the high dose of F1 diet had increased cortical and decreased trabecular area, and higher total and trabecular bone mineral density. Rats fed the low dose of F2 diet showed similar changes associated with increased maximum load and energy absorption in compression test of the femoral metaphysis. In summary, our findings in changes of bone geometry and density could not be linked to any isolated exposure parameter, suggesting synergistic or antagonistic effects of several components of the test diets.
Stern
Natalia
N
Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, A-17177 Stockholm, Sweden.
Korotkova
Marina
M
Strandvik
Birgitta
B
Oxlund
Hans
H
Oberg
Mattias
M
Håkansson
Helen
H
Lind
P Monica
PM
D000818:Animals; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000032:analysis; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D004032:Diet; D004147:Dioxins / Q000032:analysis; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000633:toxicity*; D005399:Fishes; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017858:Salmoniformes; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000097:blood; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood
D001572:Benzofurans; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D004147:Dioxins; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D005395:Fish Oils; D010743:Phospholipids; D014801:Vitamin A; D014807:Vitamin D