Effect of antiepileptic drug monotherapy on urinary pH in children and young adults.
OBJECTIVE
Since alkaline urine is a risk factor for urolithiasis, the relationship between antiepileptic drugs and urinary pH was retrospectively studied in epilepsy patients treated with antiepileptic drug monotherapy for more than 1 month.


METHODS
A total of 913 urinary samples from antiepileptic drug-treated patients were compared with 780 age-matched control samples, and with 112 samples from epilepsy patients who had not been treated with antiepileptic drugs. The antiepileptic drugs administered were carbamazepine, valproate, phenobarbital, zonisamide, sulthiame, and phenytoin.


CONCLUSIONS
The proportion of the acid urine in the valproate-treated patients was lower than that in controls. The proportion of the alkaline urine in the valproate-treated patients was higher than that in controls. This effect was independent of age, sex, and the serum valproate concentration. There was no significant difference in urinary pH among the epilepsy patients treated with other antiepileptic drugs, the epilepsy patients who had not been treated with antiepileptic drugs, and the controls.
Go
Tohshin
T
Department of Infants' Brain and Cognitive Development, Tokyo Women's Medical University, Tokyo, 162-8666, Japan. gogo@abmes.twmu.ac.jp
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000652:urine*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
D000927:Anticonvulsants