title: Primary prevention of low back pain through the application of biomechanics in manual materials handling tasks.
abstract: Biomechanical models of the torso have become quite sophisticated in recent years. This paper describes how injurious stresses on the low back can be predicted by such models during the early phases of designing materials handling tasks in industry. It is shown that these biomechanical models can be used to simulate novel materials handling tasks, and thus be used to guide the design of such tasks to reduce various low back stresses. In addition, biomechanical simulations are described which continue to play a major role in understanding the complex stresses that can cause low back pain. These simulations provide a scientific basis for specific ergonomics guidelines meant to reduce the risk of future low back pain in industry. Limitations in the present biomechanical simulations are also presented to stimulate additional research.
authors.affiliation: University of Michigan, Ann Arbor 48109-2117, USA.
authors.forename: Don B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Chaffin
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D006801:Humans; D017770:Lifting; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008961:Models, Structural; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*