title: Urgency of evaluation and outcome of acute ovarian torsion in pediatric patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the symptoms, diagnostic studies, and rate of ovarian salvage among children and adolescents with ovarian torsion.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the medical records of all children with acute ovarian torsion treated at a university-affiliated pediatric hospital from 1987 to 2002; prenatal cases were excluded. For each child we recorded the time from onset of symptoms to initial examination and the time from initial examination to operation. We reviewed diagnostic tests used, operative reports, and pathology reports.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 22 cases; the mean age was 10.2 years (range, 3-15 years). In 6 cases (27%), the ovary was salvaged. Prolonged duration of symptoms prior to initial examination was not significantly associated with ovarian necrosis. Mean time of symptoms prior to care was 76 hours for both salvaged and nonsalvaged ovaries (range, 7-159 hours). The mean time from initial examination to operation, 11 hours for salvaged ovaries (range, 1-23 hours) and 21 hours for nonsalvaged ovaries (range, 2-71 hours), was not significantly different between groups. Twenty-one patients underwent imaging; 19 of 20 ultrasounds and 4 of 5 computed tomographic scans suggested the diagnosis. Less than half (10 of 22) of the torsed ovaries contained cysts, teratomas, or other masses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest pediatric ovarian torsion is a more salvageable condition than previously reported. Prolonged time of symptoms prior to initial examination does not preclude ovarian salvage. Ovarian tumor accounts for less than half of cases. Urgent imaging and surgical management may lead to improved outcomes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60614, USA. j-anders@md.northwestern.edu
authors.forename: Jennifer F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Anders
authors.forename: Elizabeth C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Powell
mesh_terms: D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000209:etiology; D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003560:Cysts / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006106:Granulosa Cell Tumor / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007238:Infarction / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D009325:Nausea / Q000209:etiology; D009336:Necrosis; D010049:Ovarian Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D010053:Ovary / Q000098:blood supply / Q000601:surgery; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D013724:Teratoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors; D014102:Torsion Abnormality / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery; D014839:Vomiting / Q000209:etiology