title: [Study on the coinfection of three tick-borne infectious diseases in China using polymerase chain reaction method].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the existence of Ehrluichiosis, lyme disease and tick-borne spotted fever coinfection in some areas in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using polymerase chain reaction (PCR), B. burgdorferi sensu lato, spotted fever group (SFG) Rickettsiae and human granulocytic ehrlichia (HGE), Ehrlichia chaffeensis (EC) were detected in ticks and mouse samples collected from Inner Mogolia autonomous region, Heilongjiang province, Beijing and Fujian province.
  
  
  RESULTS
  408 Ixodes persulcatus collected from Inner Mogolia autonomous region, HGE and B. burgdorferi sensu lato and SFG Rickettsiae were detected positive, with rates as 6.8%, 7.8%, 45.6%, respectively. 5 (5/408) were coinfection with HGE and B. burgdorferi sensu lato while 1 (1/408) was coinfection with HGE and SFG Rickettsiae. 46 Ixodes persulcatus collected from Helongjiang province were determined positive, with rates as 6.5%, 10.8% and 34.8%, respectively including 1 (1/46) coinfected with HGE and B. burgdorferi sensu lato. 2 of 922 ticks collected from Beijing were detected positive with B. burgdorferi sensu lato. Among 283 groups of Haemaphysalis yeni ticks (3/group) and from 38 rodent samples collected from Ninghua county of Fujian province HCE and B. burgdorferi sensu lato and SFG Rickettsiae were detected. Out of them, 25 groups were positive with EC and the minimal positive rate was 3.8% while 21 rodent samples were positive with EC with a positive rate of 56.4%. 2 ticks and 1 rodent sample were detected positive with EC and spotted fever group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Coinfection of HGE and B. burgdorferi sensu lato or spotted fever group Richi did exist in Ixodes persulcatus collected from Inner Mogolia autonomous region and Heilongjiang province. Coinfection of EC and spotted fever group Richi was found in the ticks and rodents collected from Fujian province.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, Academy of Military Medical Science, Beijing 100071, China.
authors.forename: Qiu-min
authors.initials: QM
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Xiao-ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Pan-he
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jian-min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Mao-ti
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Xi-tan
authors.initials: XT
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wu-chun
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Cao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001096:Arachnid Vectors; D015748:Borrelia burgdorferi Group / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D004199:Disease Vectors; D004536:Ehrlichia / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016873:Ehrlichiosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D018884:Ixodes / Q000382:microbiology*; D008193:Lyme Disease / Q000453:epidemiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D051381:Rats; D012281:Rickettsia / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012282:Rickettsia Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D012377:Rodentia / Q000382:microbiology; D017282:Tick-Borne Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013987:Ticks / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial