title: Therapeutic potential of novel Na+-Ca2+ exchange inhibitors in attenuating ischemia-reperfusion injury.
abstract: The cardiac Na+-Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) plays an essential role in regulating Ca2+ under physiological and pathophysiological conditions. In its forward mode of operation, which predominates under physiological conditions, it extrudes the Ca2+ that enters the cardiac myocyte on a beat-to-beat basis. During ischemia and reperfusion, increased intracellular Na+ leads to a decrease in Ca2+ efflux and enhanced Ca2+ influx via the NCX, potentially leading to Ca2+ overload, which is one of the major pathophysiological mechanisms for ischemia-reperfusion injury. Novel NCX inhibitors discovered in recent years have shown great promise in attenuating ischemia-reperfusion injury.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences, St Boniface General Hospital Research Centre, Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada. DrCandaceLee@aol.com
authors.forename: Candace
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Naranjan S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Dhalla
authors.forename: Larry V
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Hryshko
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D006146:Guanidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010647:Phenyl Ethers / Q000494:pharmacology; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000502:physiology; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D013450:Sulfones / Q000494:pharmacology; D013890:Thiourea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C101670:2-(2-(4-(4-nitrobenzyloxy)phenyl)ethyl)isothiourea methanesulfonate; D000814:Aniline Compounds; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D006146:Guanidines; D010647:Phenyl Ethers; C430918:SEA 0400; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; D017923:Sodium-Hydrogen Exchangers; D013450:Sulfones; C093373:cariporide; D013890:Thiourea