title: Ribosome display of mammalian receptor domains.
abstract: Many mammalian receptor domains, among them a large number of potential therapeutic target proteins, are highly aggregation-prone upon heterologous expression in bacteria. This severely limits functional studies of such receptor domains and also their engineering towards improved properties. One of these proteins is the Nogoreceptor, which plays a central role in mediating the inhibition of axon growth and functional recovery after injury of the adult mammalian central nervous system. We show here that the ligand binding domain of the Nogoreceptor folds to an active conformation in ternary ribosomal complexes, as formed in ribosome display. In these complexes the receptor is still connected, via a C-terminal tether, to the peptidyl tRNA in the ribosome and the mRNA also stays connected. The ribosome prevents aggregation of the protein, which aggregates as soon as the release from the ribosome is triggered. In contrast, no active receptor was observed in phage display, where aggregation appears to prevent incorporation of the protein into the phage coat. This strategy sets the stage for rapidly studying defined mutations of such aggregation-prone receptors in vitro and to improve their properties by in vitro evolution using the ribosome display technology.
authors.affiliation: Biochemisches Institut der Universität Zürich, Winterthurer Strasse 190, CH-8057 Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schimmele
authors.forename: Nico
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gräfe
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Plückthun
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002942:Circular Dichroism; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008024:Ligands; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D009154:Mutation; D009185:Myelin Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000070798:Nogo Proteins; D000070816:Nogo Receptor 1; D019151:Peptide Library; D010957:Plasmids; D011485:Protein Binding; D011487:Protein Conformation; D017510:Protein Folding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012346:RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl / Q000378:metabolism; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D018000:Receptors, Peptide / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D008024:Ligands; D009185:Myelin Proteins; D000070798:Nogo Proteins; D000070816:Nogo Receptor 1; D019151:Peptide Library; D012346:RNA, Transfer, Amino Acyl; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D018000:Receptors, Peptide; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C000603197:Rtn4 protein, rat; C486581:Rtn4r protein, rat; C019037:tRNA, peptidyl-