title: Improving the design of the letter contrast sensitivity test.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop a small-format letter contrast sensitivity test with improved accuracy, suitable for portable use and near testing, and having a simple and unambiguous scoring system that can be used with reference to existing norms.
  
  
  METHODS
  A near test, printed on resin-coated paper and mounted on plastic was developed by using Sloan letters, with 0.04 log unit contrast decrements between each letter and a simple scoring procedure. Monte Carlo methods and a Weibull function model of visual performance were used to assess test accuracy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The new test has 28% lower score standard deviations than the Pelli-Robson Contrast Sensitivity Chart, over a wide range of low misreporting rates, while maintaining test scores that differ from the Pelli-Robson by 0.01 log unit, permitting use of norms collected with the Pelli-Robson test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While maintaining comparability with Pelli-Robson norms, the new test has improved accuracy in comparison with the Pelli-Robson chart and several other advantages that result from its smaller size.
authors.affiliation: Arlene R. Gordon Research Institute, Lighthouse International, New York, NY 10022, USA. aarditi@lighthouse.org
authors.forename: Aries
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arditi
mesh_terms: D015350:Contrast Sensitivity / Q000502:physiology*; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014787:Vision Tests / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*