title: [ACL reconstruction with bone-patellar tendon-bone graft and proximal fixation with the EndoButton: a 2- to 5-year follow-up].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Interference screw fixation in ACL reconstruction with bone-patellar tendon-bone graft (BPTB) is a potential source of intraoperative complications such as graft laceration. Further problems are artifacts on MRI and screw removal in revision surgery. These problems can be avoided by using distant fixation with the EndoButton. We designed this study to evaluate the clinical as well as the subjective outcome of ACL reconstruction with BPTB graft and femoral fixation with the EndoButton.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 51 patients (7 female, 44 male) were examined 2-5 years after ACL reconstruction with BPTB graft and femoral fixation with the EndoButton. We used the IKDC form, Lysholm score, Tegner activity score, and digital radiographs (AP, lateral, axial) for the evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of all the patients included in the study, 87% showed a "normal" or "nearly normal" knee function according to the IKDC score, Lysholm score 94.2+/-7.9, Tegner score 6.4+/-1.2, and subjective IKDC 89.9+/-11.9. Radiological signs of arthritic changes could be seen in ten cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clinical outcome of ACL reconstruction with EndoButton fixation is comparable to other studies on ACL reconstruction with interference screw fixation. However, since the EndoButton avoids potential problems of the interference screw fixation, we recommend this fixation technique for ACL reconstruction with BPTB graft.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Unfallchirurgie und Sporttraumatologie, Universität Innsbruck, Osterreich.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tecklenburg
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hoser
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sailer
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Oberladstätter
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fink
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016118:Anterior Cruciate Ligament / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D000070598:Anterior Cruciate Ligament Injuries; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D016267:External Fixators / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017847:Patellar Ligament / Q000637:transplantation; D011859:Radiography; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D016896:Treatment Outcome