title: Intranasal versus transdermal matrix oestrogen replacement in Australasian women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy and patient acceptability of intranasal and transdermal 17beta-oestradiol delivery systems for postmenopausal symptoms in Australasian women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Symptomatic postmenopausal women were randomly assigned to treatment with either intranasal 17beta-oestradiol, 300 microg daily (n = 66) or transdermal matrix patch 17beta-oestradiol, 50 microg/day (n = 66) for 12 weeks, followed by a 4-week period with the alternate treatment. Efficacy was compared between groups using the modified Greene climacteric scale, the menopause quality of life (MENQOL) questionnaire and vasomotor symptoms at week 12. Patient acceptability was compared by a satisfaction questionnaire at week 16 and patient preference at week 16.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Intranasal and transdermal therapy produced significant reductions in both the Modified Greene and MENQOL scores, and in the occurrence of hot flushes and night sweats at week 12. The overall rate of reported vasomotor symptoms was lower on patients treated with the nasal spray. Both therapies were well tolerated with similar adverse event rates. Satisfaction and preference were similar for both modes of drug delivery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intranasal oestradiol therapy route has comparable efficacy and safety to that of transdermal oestradiol matrix patch therapy with no difference in patient preference or satisfaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, The National Health and Medical Research Council Centre of Clinical Research Excellence for Study of Women's Health, Monash University, Clayton, Victoria, Australia. susan.davis@med.monash.edu.au
authors.forename: Susan R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Sonia L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Davison
authors.forename: Samantha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Jill
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shepherd
authors.forename: Beverley
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lawton
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001315:Australia; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D019584:Hot Flashes / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011788:Quality of Life; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004958:Estradiol