title: Ross River virus: molecular and cellular aspects of disease pathogenesis.
abstract: Ross River virus (RRV) is a mosquito-borne alphavirus indigenous to Australia and the Western Pacific region and is responsible for several thousand cases of human RRV disease (RRVD) per annum. The disease primarily involves polyarthritis/arthralgia, with many patients also presenting with rash, myalgia, fever, and/or lethargy. The symptoms can be debilitating at onset, but they usually resolve within 3-6 months. Recent insights into the RRV-host relationship, associated pathology, and molecular biology of infection have generated a number of potential avenues for improved treatment. Although vaccine development has been proposed, the small market size and potential for antibody-dependent enhancement (ADE) of disease make this approach unattractive. Recent insights into the molecular basis of RRV-ADE and the virus's ability to manipulate host inflammatory and immune responses create potential new opportunities for therapeutic invention. Such interventions should overcome virus-induced dysregulation of protective host responses to promote viral clearance and/or ameliorate inflammatory immunopathology.
authors.affiliation: School of Health Sciences, University of Canberra, Kirinari Street, Canberra ACT 2601, Australia.
authors.forename: Nestor E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Rulli
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suhrbier
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hueston
authors.forename: Mark T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Heise
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Tupanceska
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zaid
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wilmes
authors.forename: Kerry
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gilmore
authors.forename: Brett A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Lidbury
authors.forename: Surendran
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mahalingam
mesh_terms: D018354:Alphavirus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D001315:Australia / Q000453:epidemiology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007249:Inflammation; D008264:Macrophages; D051379:Mice; D010139:Pacific Islands / Q000453:epidemiology; D012398:Ross River virus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes; D019562:Viral Load; D014765:Viral Vaccines
chemical_list: D014765:Viral Vaccines