title: Model system for testing the efficacy of antioxidants in muscle foods.
abstract: The objective of this research was to study the effect of the antioxidants, delta-tocopherol, butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), tertiary butylhydroquinone (TBHQ), and propyl gallate in a model system of lean muscle and canola oil and to compare the effects with those in minced herring. Two carrier solvents with different dielectric constants (epsilon), ethanol (epsilon = 24) and oil (epsilon= 2), were used. Oxidation was measured using thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and sensory analysis. In both the lean muscle-canola oil model system and in herring muscle, the hydrophilic antioxidants, propyl gallate and TBHQ, were more effective in providing oxidative stability than the lipophilic antioxidants, delta-tocopherol and BHT. The oxidative stability of a cod muscle-canola oil system in the presence of propyl gallate, and delta-tocopherol was not affected by the dielectric constant of the carrier solvent, while BHA was more effective as an antioxidant when added in the polar solvent ethanol.
authors.affiliation: Massachusetts Agricultural Experiment Station, Department of Food Science, University of Massachusetts/Amherst, Marine Station, P.O. Box 7128, Gloucester, Massachusetts 01930, USA. siva.kr@gmail.com
authors.forename: Sivakumar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Raghavan
authors.forename: Herbert O
authors.initials: HO
authors.lastname: Hultin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005399:Fishes; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D009132:Muscles / Q000737:chemistry*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000032:analysis; D024505:Tocopherols / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D012997:Solvents; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D000431:Ethanol; C479072:delta-tocopherol; D024505:Tocopherols