title: The TPH intron 7 A218C polymorphism and TCI dimension scores in alcohol-dependent patients: hints to nonspecific psychopathology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A linkage of certain alleles of the tryptophan hydroxylase (TPH) intron 7 A218C polymorphism to suicidality and antisocial behaviour has been described. The aim of our study was to find any association between dimensions of the Temperament and Character Inventory (TCI) indicating impulsivity and the TPH polymorphism alleles in unselected alcohol-dependent patients and age-matched controls.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined 159 alcohol-dependent patients and 161 controls with the TCI and genotyped them for the TPH intron 7 A218C polymorphism alleles.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although homozygous TPH genotypes were found more often in alcohol-dependent patients than in controls, an association between TCI dimensions and TPH alleles was not observed in the complete sample. Alcohol-dependent patients, however, scored significantly higher for harm avoidance (HA) and lower for self-directedness (SD) than controls regardless of TPH genotype. Among controls, for those with the A/A genotype, harm avoidance was as high as in the group of alcohol-dependent patients, persistence (P) in that genotype was significantly lower than for all other genotypes in the patient and control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Even if there is no association between TCI dimensions and TPH genotype in our sample, hints to nonspecific psychopathology in connection with the A/A genotype are found.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Charité, University Medicine Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Eschenallee 3, 14050 Berlin, Germany. ion.anghelescu@charite.de
authors.forename: Ion
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Anghelescu
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Klawe
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fehr
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Singer
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schleicher
authors.forename: Hubertus
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Himmerich
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hiemke
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dahmen
authors.forename: Armin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szegedi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006579:Heterozygote; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior / Q000235:genetics; D007438:Introns; D008297:Male; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D013694:Temperament / Q000502:physiology; D014365:Tryptophan Hydroxylase / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D014365:Tryptophan Hydroxylase