title: Flaxseed oil and inflammation-associated bone abnormalities in interleukin-10 knockout mice.
abstract: Interleukin-10-/- (IL-10) knockout (KO) mice develop an intestinal inflammation that closely mimics human inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) which is accompanied by inflammation-associated bone abnormalities and elevated serum proinflammatory cytokines. The objective of this study was to use the IL-10 KO mouse model to determine whether flaxseed oil (FO) diet, rich in alpha-linolenic acid (ALA), attenuates intestinal inflammation and inflammation-associated bone abnormalities, compared to a corn oil (CO) control diet. Male wild-type (WT) or IL-10 KO mice were fed a 10% CO or 10% FO diet from weaning (postnatal day 28) for 9 weeks. At necropsy, serum, intestine, femurs and lumbar vertebrae were collected and analyzed. IL-10 KO mice fed CO had lower femur bone mineral content (BMC; P<.001), bone mineral density (BMD; P<.001), peak load (P=.033) and lumbar vertebrae BMD (P=.02) compared to WT mice fed either diet. Flaxseed oil had a modest, favorable effect on IL-10 KO mice as femur BMC, BMD and peak load were similar to WT mice fed CO or FO. In addition, lumbar vertebra BMD was similar among IL-10 KO mice fed FO and WT mice fed CO or FO. The fact that FO attenuated serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) among IL-10 KO mice suggests that the positive effects of FO on femur BMC, BMD, peak load and vertebral BMD in IL-10 KO mice may have been partly mediated by changes in serum TNF-alpha. In conclusion, these findings suggest that a dietary level of ALA attainable from a 10% flaxseed oil diet results in modest improvements in some bone outcomes but does not attenuate intestinal inflammation that is characteristic of IL-10 KO mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada M5S 3E2.
authors.forename: Stacey L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Aideen M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Wendy E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Ward
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D001847:Bone Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000097:blood; D005269:Femur / Q000187:drug effects; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008043:Linseed Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout
chemical_list: D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005227:Fatty Acids; D016753:Interleukin-10; D008043:Linseed Oil