title: Myasthenia gravis: how to treat?
abstract: Myasthenia Gravis is an acquired autoimmune disorder caused by a neuromuscular transmission defect which is clinically characterized by fluctuating weakness of voluntary muscles and fatigability. It can be diagnosed by clinical features, clinical, pharmacological and electrophysiological tests and serological evaluation. Treatment modalities include symptomatic treatment in the form of cholinesterase inhibitors and plasmapheresis and immunotherapy in the form of immunosuppressant medications, immunomodulating therapy and thymectomy. No single regimen is appropriate for all patients and up to now no mode of therapy has been proven to be clearly superior. The response to any form of treatment is difficult to assess because the severity of symptoms fluctuate. We retrospectively analyzed the clinical records of 33 myasthenia gravis patients which were managed at our clinic between 1995-2003. All patients were treated with anticholinesterase medications sometime during their treatment. Most patients recieved immunosupressant and/or immunomodulator therapy. Patients were referred for thymectomy when indicated. We evaluated the outcome with different treatment modalities, focusing on the role of thymectomy. We also investigated the possible correlations between clinicopathological features and clinical outcome. We conclude that as for the medical treatment of myasthenia gravis azathioprine plus steroid improves the outcome; and for the surgical treatment, early thymectomy should be performed in all generalize myasthenia patients.
authors.affiliation: Haydarpaşa Numune Education and Research Hospital, 2nd Department of Neurology, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tireli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Karlikaya
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tutkavul
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akpinar
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okay
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001379:Azathioprine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009157:Myasthenia Gravis / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013934:Thymectomy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D001379:Azathioprine; D011241:Prednisone