title: ATP-independent activation of natriuretic peptide receptors.
abstract: Natriuretic peptide receptor A (NPR-A) is an essential cardiovascular regulator that is stimulated by atrial natriuretic peptide and B-type natriuretic peptide, whereas natriuretic peptide receptor B (NPR-B) stimulates long bone growth in a C-type natriuretic peptide-dependent manner. Many reports indicate that ATP is essential for NPR-A and NPR-B activation. Current models suggest that natriuretic peptide binding to receptor extracellular domains causes ATP binding to intracellular kinase homology domains, which derepresses adjacent catalytic domains. Here, we report 100-fold activations of natriuretic peptide receptors in the absence of ATP. The addition of a nonhydrolyzable ATP analog had no effect at early time periods (measured in seconds) but increased cGMP production about 2-fold after longer incubations (measured in minutes), consistent with a stabilization, not activation, mechanism. These data indicate that ATP does not activate natriuretic peptide receptors as has been repeatedly reported. Instead, ATP increases activity primarily by maintaining proper receptor phosphorylation status but also serves a previously unappreciated enzyme stabilizing function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, and Biophysics, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA.
authors.forename: Laura K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Antos
authors.forename: Sarah E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Abbey-Hosch
authors.forename: Darcy R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Flora
authors.forename: Lincoln R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Potter
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004795:Enzyme Stability / Q000187:drug effects; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D051379:Mice; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D017461:Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D000099242:Atrial Natriuretic Factor Receptor B
chemical_list: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D006162:Guanylate Cyclase; D017461:Receptors, Atrial Natriuretic Factor; D000099242:Atrial Natriuretic Factor Receptor B; C091715:atrial natriuretic factor receptor A