title: Impact of influenza vaccine on response to vaccination with pneumococcal vaccine in HIV patients.
abstract: The clinical effectiveness of 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected patients is controversial, because of the low immunological response in these subjects. We studied the clinical response of pneumococcal vaccine and the relative impact of influenza vaccine by administering both pneumococcal and influenza vaccine in a group of 150 HIV patients belonging to all CDC categories. In the group of 90 HIV-infected patients vaccinated against both pneumonia and influenza virus, there was a low incidence of mild influenza (13.3%) and no case of pneumococcal pneumonia. On the contrary, among 60 nonvaccinated HIV patients, 61.6% underwent mild to severe influenza and two developed pneumococcal pneumonia. 23-valent pneumococcal vaccine (PV) seems to be clinically effective in preventing pneumonia in HIV-infected patients, and even more if strengthened by influenza vaccine.
authors.affiliation: Section of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, Ospedale San Paolo, Milan, Italy. averonelli@hspsanpaolo.mi.it
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ranieri
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Veronelli
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Santambrogio
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Pontiroli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000276:immunology; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000276:immunology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines