title: Trigeminal neuralgia secondary to Chiari's malformation--treatment with ventriculoperitoneal shunt.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Trigeminal neuralgia (TN) is most commonly related to vascular compression of the trigeminal nerve. Trigeminal neuralgia associated with Chiari's malformation and associated hydrocephalus are rare.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 31-year-old male presented with classical TN affecting the mandibular division of the right trigeminal nerve. His symptoms were poorly controlled with increasing doses of carbamazepine. Magnetic resonance imaging scan of brain revealed Chiari's type I malformation and associated hydrocephalus. Approximately 1 month after insertion of a programmable ventriculoperitoneal shunt, his TN resolved.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chiari's malformation and hydrocephalus are rare associates of TN. The pathophysiology of TN in these cases may be due to neurovascular conflict, related to raised intracranial pressure from the hydrocephalus and/or the small posterior fossa volume in these patients. Drainage of associated hydrocephalus may be an effective surgical treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Royal London Hospital, London E1 1B8, UK. kannagnana@doctors.org.uk
authors.forename: Kanna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gnanalingham
authors.forename: Shabin Man
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: Habib
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ellamushi
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hamlyn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001139:Arnold-Chiari Malformation / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002220:Carbamazepine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D019586:Intracranial Hypertension / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D020547:Lateral Ventricles / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008340:Mandibular Nerve / Q000098:blood supply / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014277:Trigeminal Neuralgia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D017287:Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants; D002220:Carbamazepine