Who is teaching psychopharmacology? Who should be teaching psychopharmacology?
OBJECTIVE
To review the current status of psychopharmacology education for medical students, residents, and practitioners in psychiatry and other specialties.


METHODS
A search of the MEDLINE and PsychInfo data bases was conducted using four keywords: pharmacology, psychopharmacology, teaching, and student. Additional references were obtained from citations in these articles. Published material was supplemented with the experience of the author and others involved in psychopharmacology teaching.


RESULTS
The majority of psychopharmacology education is provided by faculty from disciplines that include psychiatry, primary care medicine, basic science, and pharmacy. The pharmaceutical industry supports a substantial amount of continuing medical education (CME) by psychiatrists, pharmacists, and other medical practitioners, while much of the information that office practitioners receive and an increasing amount of material provided to residents comes from pharmaceutical representatives. The most important attributes of the effective psychopharmacology educator are knowledge, enthusiasm, honesty, an ability to encourage critical thinking, and genuine interest in the student. However, the primary criteria for participation in psychopharmacology education are faculty who are most available and willing in the academic medical center and those who engage in paid CME activities.


CONCLUSIONS
Educators with clinical experience should play a core role in helping students to integrate research with actual clinical practice and should be able to teach students how to evaluate new research in psychopharmacology, especially if it is industry sponsored.
Dubovsky
Steven L
SL
Department of Psychiatry, University at Buffalo, New York, USA. dubovsky@buffalo.edu
D004501:Education, Medical; D004502:Education, Medical, Continuing / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007400:Interprofessional Relations; D011600:Psychopharmacology / Q000193:education*; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000078329:Workforce