title: Parturition following transfer of embryos produced in two media under two oxygen concentrations.
abstract: In vitro-produced blastocysts were transferred singly to 99 Angus crossbred recipients. Culture treatments were a 2 x 2 factorial of medium (KSOM or SOF) and oxygen concentration (5 or 20%). At parturition, birth weight and frame measurement before colostrum intake were recorded. Fetal membranes were collected; distribution and diameter of cotyledons was recorded. Cotyledon surface area was calculated. Culture with 5% O2 tended to yield smaller birth weights than culture with 20% O2 (39.7+/-1.3 kg versus 43.1+/-1.4 kg; P < 0.1); this effect was pronounced in KSOM, suggesting a medium by oxygen interaction (P < 0.1). When expressed on a body weight basis, calves born following culture with 20% O2 had consistently smaller skeletal measurements than those from culture with 5% O2. Culture with 20% O2 significantly increased individual cotyledon areas both overall and in the fetal horn and cotyledon surface area in the fetal horn. Overall, individual cotyledons were 32% larger when culture involved 20% O2 versus 5% O2; in the fetal horn the increase was 49%. Cotyledon surface area was greater for 20% compared to 5% O2 culture, though a medium by oxygen interaction was also significant (P < 0.05). Cotyledon surface area in the nonfetal horn was greater for KSOM fetal membranes than those from culture in SOF. There was a significant medium by oxygen interaction for total cotyledon number. These data demonstrate culture system-specific effects on calf and fetal membrane traits.
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin, Department of Animal Sciences, 1675 Observatory Drive, Madison, WI 53706, USA. fischer@animal.ufl.edu
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fischer-Brown
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Crooks
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Leonard
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Monson
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Northey
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Rutledge
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001724:Birth Weight / Q000502:physiology; D001757:Blastomeres / Q000502:physiology*; D049628:Body Size / Q000502:physiology; D002417:Cattle; D003470:Culture Media / Q000494:pharmacology; D046149:Embryo Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000662:veterinary*; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000502:physiology*; D005321:Extraembryonic Membranes / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D010100:Oxygen / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011247:Pregnancy; D025341:Principal Component Analysis
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D010100:Oxygen