title: Rho-kinase inhibitor improves increased vascular resistance and impaired vasodilation of the forearm in patients with heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Rho-kinase is suggested to have an important role in enhanced vasoconstriction in animal models of heart failure (HF). Patients with HF are characterized by increased vasoconstriction and reduced vasodilator responses to reactive hyperemia and exercise. The aim of the present study was to examine whether Rho-kinase is involved in the peripheral circulation abnormalities of HF in humans with the Rho-kinase inhibitor fasudil.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Studies were performed in patients with HF (HF group, n=26) and an age-matched control group (n=26). Forearm blood flow was measured with a strain-gauge plethysmograph during intra-arterial infusion of graded doses of fasudil or sodium nitroprusside. Resting forearm vascular resistance (FVR) was significantly higher in the HF group than in the control group. The increase in forearm blood flow evoked by fasudil was significantly greater in the HF group than in the control group. The increased FVR was decreased by fasudil in the HF group toward the level of the control group. By contrast, FVR evoked by sodium nitroprusside was comparable between the 2 groups. Fasudil significantly augmented the impaired ischemic vasodilation during reactive hyperemia after arterial occlusion of the forearm in the HF group but not in the control group. Fasudil did not augment the increased FVR evoked by phenylephrine in the control group significantly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that Rho-kinase is involved in increased FVR and impaired vasodilation of the forearm in patients with HF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Kyushu University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kishi
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirooka
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Masumoto
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Yoshikuni
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Inokuchi
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tagawa
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shimokawa
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takeshita
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sunagawa
mesh_terms: D019307:1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005542:Forearm / Q000098:blood supply; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects*; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects*; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D009599:Nitroprusside; D019307:1-(5-Isoquinolinesulfonyl)-2-Methylpiperazine; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D054460:rho-Associated Kinases; C049347:fasudil