title: Nurse-recorded clinic and ambulatory blood pressures correlate equally well with left ventricular mass and carotid intima-media thickness.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess relationships between noninvasive ambulatory blood pressure (BP), clinic BP (mean value of three readings in the seated position measured by nurses), structural cardiac indices, intima-media thickness of the common carotid artery and several hormones.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional study of 75 subjects with hypertension and left ventricular hypertrophy (HTH) according to echocardiography, 35 subjects with hypertension and normal left ventricular dimensions (HT) and 23 normotensive subjects (NT).
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found an excellent correlation between mean 24-h ambulatory BP and clinic BP, the r-value for systolic BP being 0.82 and for diastolic levels 0.78 (both P < 0.0001). Clinic and ambulatory BP correlated equally well with left ventricular (LV) mass index (r-values between 0.55 and 0.64, all P < 0.0001) and to intima-media thickness of the carotid artery (r = 0.18-0.34, P < 0.01). The systolic white-coat effect (clinic BP - day-time BP) was higher in the HTH and HT compared with NT and was weakly correlated to LV mass index (r = 0.18, P = 0.04). Nondippers (mean arterial night/day BP ratio of > 0.9) had higher brain (6.1 +/- 7.5 pmol L(-1) vs. 3.7 +/- 3.2 pmol L(-1), P = 0.01) and atrial (14 +/- 3.4 pmol L(-1) vs. 9.3 +/- 5.4 pmol L(-1), P = 0.04) natriuretic peptide levels, and also exhibited a lower ejection fraction (49 +/- 8% vs. 57 +/- 9%, P = 0.006), than dippers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinic BP recordings performed by nurses as three measurements 1 min apart provide excellent relationship to target organ damage. Nondippers exhibited signs of a more advanced hypertensive organ damage than dippers which corresponds well with the poor prognosis linked to this condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Care, Diabetes Research Centre, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping, Sweden. fredrik.nystrom@lio.se
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Nyström
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Malmqvist
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lind
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kahan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor / Q000032:analysis; D001795:Blood Pressure Determination / Q000379:methods*; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory / Q000379:methods; D017536:Carotid Artery, Common / Q000473:pathology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007328:Insulin / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000032:analysis; D009732:Nursing Care / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D009320:Atrial Natriuretic Factor