title: Toxicity of several delta-endotoxins of Bacillus thuringiensis against Helicoverpa armigera (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) from Spain.
abstract: Toxicity and larval growth inhibition of 11 insecticidal proteins of Bacillus thuringiensis were evaluated against neonate larvae of Helicoverpa armigera, a major pest of important crops in Spain and other countries, by a whole-diet contamination method. The most active toxins were Cry1Ac4 and Cry2Aa1, with LC50 values of 3.5 and 6.3 microg/ml, respectively. At the concentrations tested, Cry1Ac4, Cry2Aa1, Cry9Ca, Cry1Fa1, Cry1Ab3, Cry2Ab2, Cry1Da, and Cry1Ja1, produced a significant growth inhibition, whereas Cry1Aa3, Cry1Ca2, and Cry1Ea had no effect.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Ciencias Agroforestales, Escuela Universitaria de Ingeniería Técnica Agrícola, Universidad de Sevilla, Carretera de Utrera, km 1. E-41013 Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Avilla
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vargas-Osuna
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: González-Cabrera
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ferré
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: González-Zamora
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis / Q000378:metabolism*; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000506:poisoning*; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D007915:Lepidoptera / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods*; D013030:Spain
chemical_list: D004731:Endotoxins