title: Pilot study of interferon gamma for chronic hepatitis C.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Currently, there are no effective therapies available for patients with chronic hepatitis C who have failed to respond to optimal interferon alfa-based regimens. The aims of this pilot study were to assess the antiviral activity and safety of interferon gamma in chronic hepatitis C.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with chronic hepatitis C, genotype 1, who had not responded to or who had relapsed after therapy with interferon alfa and ribavirin were enrolled in a trial of interferon gamma 1b given in doses of 100, 200 or 400 microg subcutaneously three times weekly for 4 weeks. Frequent blood samples were obtained for HCV RNA levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fourteen patients were enrolled. Geometric mean HCV RNA levels remained unchanged. Serum aminotransferase levels also did not change, while there were significant decreases in neutrophil counts (-41% from baseline) and hematocrit (-5%). Low grade fever and malaise were common with the first injection of interferon gamma, but no serious side effects were encountered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although relatively well tolerated, interferon gamma in doses of 100-400 microg thrice weekly had no effect on HCV RNA levels in patients with chronic hepatitis C who had failed to achieve a sustained response to interferon alfa-based therapies.
authors.affiliation: The Liver Diseases Branch, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soza
authors.forename: Theo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Heller
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ghany
authors.forename: Glen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lutchman
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jake Liang
authors.forename: June
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Germain
authors.forename: Henry H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Yoon
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jay H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hoofnagle
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001772:Blood Cell Count; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D012008:Recurrence; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000637:Transaminases / Q000097:blood; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D012367:RNA, Viral; D012254:Ribavirin; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D000637:Transaminases