title: Evaluation of facial thermographic changes before and after low-level laser irradiation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to evaluate the facial thermographic changes before and after low-level laser irradiation applied to the temporomandibular joint in normal subjects.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Although this therapy has been reported to be effective in the pain management of patients with rheumatoid arthritis and degenerative joint disease, several researchers have stated that this therapy has no effect on pain of myogeneous origin.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine healthy subjects underwent irradiation using the continuous wave setting of a CO2 laser with a power output of 1.0 W. The laser tip was positioned 10 cm above the skin over the right TMJ area for 10 min. The actual fluence on the facial surface was 7.64 J/cm2. Variation of the facial temperature was evaluated by using thermography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The facial temperature 10 min after stopping irradiation was higher than that after 10 min of irradiation applied to the opposite side. The warmer area was found not only over the TMJ area but also over the temporal area, forehead area, and eyelid area on both sides.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggested that low-level laser irradiation had a long-lasting effect on facial cutaneous tissues.
authors.affiliation: Division of Occlusion and Maxillofacial Reconstruction, Kyushu Dental College, Kitakyushu, Japan.
authors.forename: Eri
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Makihara
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Makihara
authors.forename: Shin-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Masumi
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
mesh_terms: D005145:Face / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy; D012881:Skin Temperature / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000528:radiation effects; D013817:Thermography