title: Use of genetically modified mouse models to assess pathways of benzene-induced bone marrow cytotoxicity and genotoxicity.
abstract: Benzene induces bone marrow cytotoxicity and chromosomal breaks as a primary mode of action for the induction of bone marrow toxicity. Our research group has used genetically modified mouse models to examine metabolic and genomic response pathways involved in benzene induced cytotoxicity and genotoxicity in bone marrow and in hematopoietic stem cells (HSC). We review our studies using NQO1-/- mice and mEH-/- mice to examine the roles of these enzymes, NAD(P)H:quinone oxidoreductase-1 (NQO1) and microsomal epoxide hydrolase (mEH) in mediating benzene-induced toxicity. NQO1 catalyzes the detoxication of benzene quinone metabolites and mEH catalyzes the hydrolysis of benzene oxide. Our studies using gene expression profiling of bone marrow and enriched HSC populations isolated from the bone marrow of benzene-exposed mice demonstrate differential gene expression responses of key genes induced by inhaled benzene. These studies show that benzene toxicity is regulated by a number of genetic pathways that affect the production of reactive metabolites and DNA damage response pathways in a target tissue.
authors.affiliation: Integrated Laboratory Systems Inc., Genetic Toxicology Program, P.O. Box 13501, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Recio
authors.forename: Alison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bauer
authors.forename: Brenda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Faiola
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001554:Benzene / Q000633:toxicity*; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone) / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D012156:Reticulocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016660:NAD(P)H Dehydrogenase (Quinone); C447479:NQO1 protein, human; D004851:Epoxide Hydrolases; D001554:Benzene