title: Pharmaceutical promotions and conflict of interest in nurse practitioner's decision making: the undiscovered country.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To increase nurse practitioners' (NPs) awareness of the conflict of interest that exists between the NPs' primary goal of making the best medication choices for patients and the potentially negative impact that the pharmaceutical industry's marketing strategies have on these choices.
  
  
  METHODS
  Selected healthcare professional, philosophical, and bioethical literature was reviewed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Healthcare professionals are given gifts, dinners, and other inducements in the drug industry's effort to increase consumerism and drug sales. The current method of drug promotion increases sales but also increases healthcare expenses. Research also indicates that the pharmaceutical marketing strategies influence the judgments that NPs and other healthcare professionals make about patient care and drug prescriptions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Guidelines are presented that can reduce the likelihood that any conflict of interest that exists will influence NPs' decisions about patient care.
authors.affiliation: William Jewell College in Liberty, Missouri, USA. criggern@william.jewell.edu
authors.forename: Nancy J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Crigger
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D016265:Conflict of Interest; D003657:Decision Making / Q000941:ethics; D004345:Drug Industry / Q000941:ethics / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011307:Drug Prescriptions; D004509:Education, Nursing, Continuing / Q000941:ethics / Q000458:organization & administration; D037921:Gift Giving / Q000941:ethics; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment / Q000941:ethics; D008389:Marketing of Health Services / Q000941:ethics / Q000458:organization & administration*; D009722:Nurse Practitioners / Q000193:education / Q000941:ethics / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000523:psychology*; D024802:Nurse's Role; D009730:Nursing Assessment / Q000941:ethics / Q000458:organization & administration; D010344:Patient Advocacy / Q000941:ethics / Q000523:psychology; D018579:Patient Selection / Q000941:ethics; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011361:Professional Competence