title: Transport of hypericin across chick chorioallantoic membrane and photodynamic therapy vasculature assessment.
abstract: This study examined the transport of a photosensitizer (hypericin, HY) using the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) as a model of transport after topical administration. The model correlates both the photosensitizer uptake and anti-vasculature effects after photodynamic therapy (PDT). HY formulations were prepared using N-methyl pyrrolidone (NMP) as a solvent and penetration enhancer. Fertilized chicken eggs were disinfected and incubated at 37.4 degrees C and 60% humidity. Formulations were applied on CAM and incubated for 30 min in the dark. Subsequently, the solutions were removed from the CAM surface and the HY concentration was determined. The CAM was exposed to a fixed light dose of 10 J/cm2 at 50 mW/cm2. The vascular damage induced by the light was quantitatively measured using image-processing techniques. The uptake ratio of HY in 4.8% NMP (HD group) to that of 0.6% NMP (LD group) was found to be 1.96. This ratio is correlated with the vascular damage caused by the PDT effect of HY. The HD treated CAM showed a vessel regression that was 2.37 times higher than that of LD treated CAM. This paper reports the first attempt to develop a quantitative transport study for HY using CAM and to explore the relationship between the vascular regression and amount of drug of uptake. The model has potential for other similar transport studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore.
authors.forename: Constance Lay Lay
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Saw
authors.forename: Malini
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olivo
authors.forename: William Wei Lim
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.forename: Khee Chee
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Soo
authors.forename: Paul Wan Sia
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Heng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000873:Anthracenes; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000502:physiology; D002642:Chick Embryo; D049033:Chorioallantoic Membrane / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010569:Perylene / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000873:Anthracenes; D010569:Perylene; C004965:hypericin