title: Double-blind, double-dummy, multinational, multicenter, parallel-group design clinical trial of clinical non-inferiority of formoterol 12 microg/unit dose in a b.i.d. regimen administered via an HFA-propellant-pMDI or a dry powder inhaler in a 12-week treatment period of moderate to severe stable persistent asthma in adult patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pressurized metered-dose inhalers (pMDIs) have traditionally used CFCs as propellants. However, the worldwide phase-out of CFCs has necessitated the development of new pMDIs that use alternative propellants. One such replacement is the hydrofluoroalkane HFA-134a.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study sought to establish the clinical non-inferiority of a new HFA-134a-containing pMDI to a conventional dry powder inhaler (DPI) in the administration of formoterol to adult patients with moderate-to-severe, stable persistent asthma. The secondary aim was to collect safety data in a multiple-dose long-term study.
  
  
  METHODS
  During this multicenter, double-blind, parallel study, 500 patients were randomized to receive 12 microg of formoterol twice daily for 12 weeks via either an HFA pMDI or a DPI. If necessary, the dose could be increased to 24 microg twice daily. At baseline, all patients (aged 18-70 years) had an FEV1 40-80% of predicted and a documented positive response to the reversibility test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 12 weeks' therapy, the adjusted mean morning PEFR was 343.69 l/min in the formoterol HFA pMDI group and 344.56 l/min in the formoterol DPI group. Because the lower limit of the 95% CI for the between-group difference (-11.64 l/min) was well within the non-inferiority margin (-20 l/min), the HFA device was deemed clinically non-inferior to the DPI device. This finding was confirmed when evening PEFR and FEV1 were assessed. Both formulations of formoterol were well tolerated during prolonged multiple dosing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides evidence that the new HFA-formulated formoterol pMDI has a similar efficacy and safety profile to the conventional formoterol DPI in the treatment of patients with moderate-to-severe asthma.
authors.affiliation: Hôpital Cochin, Paris, France. daniel.dusser@cch.ap-hop-paris.fr
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dusser
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vicaut
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lefrançois
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000335:Aerosol Propellants; D000368:Aged; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D000068759:Formoterol Fumarate; D006801:Humans; D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated; D008297:Male; D036501:Metered Dose Inhalers; D008875:Middle Aged; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D010366:Peak Expiratory Flow Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D011208:Powders; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000335:Aerosol Propellants; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D004983:Ethanolamines; D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated; D011208:Powders; D000068759:Formoterol Fumarate