title: Distal ventriculoperitoneal shunt failure secondary to Clostridium difficile colitis.
abstract: Distal ventriculoperitoneal shunt obstruction is typically associated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) infection, fluid pseudocysts, bowel obstruction, bowel perforation, or improper shunt placement in the abdomen. We describe a unique etiology for distal shunt obstruction secondary to Clostridium difficile pancolitis that occurred because of inflammation and ascites, which led to incomplete drainage and absorption of CSF. This case illustrates the importance of considering distal shunt obstruction in a patient with signs of abdominal pathology in the setting of mental status changes, and the effective treatment of this patient initially with distal catheter externalization followed by internalization of a new distal catheter after resolution of the pancolitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah 84132, USA.
authors.forename: O N
authors.initials: ON
authors.lastname: Gottfried
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Binning
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sherr
authors.forename: W T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Couldwell
mesh_terms: D001201:Ascites / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000502:physiology; D016360:Clostridioides difficile; D004761:Enterocolitis, Pseudomembranous / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D007422:Intestines / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology; D010529:Peritoneal Cavity / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012086:Reoperation; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D017287:Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt / Q000009:adverse effects*