title: Quality of life among younger women with breast cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe quality of life (QOL) of younger women 4 to 42 months after breast cancer diagnosis and to identify factors associated with impaired QOL.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 202 women diagnosed with stage I to III breast cancer at age 50 or younger from 4 to 42 months after breast cancer diagnosis previously completed a mailed survey. Global QOL; health-related QOL as measured by the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Breast Cancer (FACT-B); medical history; symptoms; days of work/activity missed after diagnosis; relationship, sexual, and body image problems; coping strategies; and feelings of preparedness were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  General aches and pains and unhappiness with appearance were reported by more than 70% of women. Hot flashes (P = .0007), pain with sexual intercourse (P = .02), and difficulty with bladder control (P = .002) all significantly increased with age. Global QOL was significantly lower than for a nonpatient sample of younger women (P < .0001). In general, few sociodemographic and medical factors were related to QOL. In multivariate analyses, days of work/usual activity missed immediately after diagnosis; relationship, sexual, or body image problems after diagnosis; and coping strategies were related to almost all QOL domains. Ongoing treatment, vaginal dryness, and feeling unprepared for the impact of breast cancer were related to some domains.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Younger breast cancer survivors are at risk for impaired QOL up to several years after diagnosis. Younger women, especially those at high risk for lower QOL, may need interventions that specifically target their needs related to menopausal symptoms and problems with relationships, sexual functioning, and body image. Preparing younger woman for the impact of breast cancer may also prove beneficial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Sciences, Section on Social Sciences and Health Policy, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Piedmont Plaza II, 2nd Floor, Winston-Salem, NC 27157-1063, USA. navis@wfubmc.edu
authors.forename: Nancy E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Avis
authors.forename: Sybil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.forename: Janeen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Manuel
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008603:Mental Health; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011788:Quality of Life; D018570:Risk Assessment; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires