title: Design, synthesis, and biological evaluation of N-acetyl-2-(or 3-)carboxymethylbenzenesulfonamides as cyclooxygenase isozyme inhibitors.
abstract: A group of N-acetyl-2-(or 3-)carboxymethylbenzenesulfonamides, possessing either a F or a substituted-phenyl ring substituent (4-F, 2,4-F2, 4-SO2Me, 4-OCHMe2) attached to its C-4 or C-6 position, was prepared using a palladium-catalyzed Suzuki cross-coupling reaction for evaluation as selective cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) inhibitors. Although N-acetyl-3-carboxymethyl-6-fluorobenzenesulfonamide [14, COX-1 IC50 = 2.26 microM; COX-2 IC50 = 0.012 microM; COX-2 selectivity index (SI) = 188] and N-acetyl-3-carboxymethyl-6-(4-isopropoxyphenyl)benzenesulfonamide (20c, COX-1 IC50 >100 microM; COX-2 IC50 = 0.15 microM; COX-2 SI >667) exhibited potent in vitro COX-2 inhibitory activity and high COX-2 selectivity, both compounds were inactive anti-inflammatory agents in a carrageenan-induced rat paw edema assay. In contrast, the less potent and less selective COX-2 inhibitors N-acetyl-2-carboxymethyl-4-fluorobenzenesulfonamide (12, COX-1 IC50 = 4.25 microM; COX-2 IC50 = 0.978 microM; COX-2 SI = 4.3), N-acetyl-2-carboxymethyl-4-(2,4-difluorophenyl)benzenesulfonamide (17c, COX-1 IC50 = 1.02 microM; COX-2 IC50 = 1.00 microM; COX-2 SI = 1.02), and N-acetyl-3-carboxymethyl-6-(4-methanesulfonylphenyl)benzenesulfonamide (20e, COX-1 IC50 = 0.109 microM; COX-2 IC50 = 1.14 microM; COX-2 SI = 0.095) exhibited moderate anti-inflammatory activity where a 75 mg/kg oral dose reduced inflammation 26%, 14%, and 20%, respectively, at 3 h postdrug administration relative to the reference drug aspirin where a 50 mg/kg oral dose reduced inflammation by 25% at 3 h postdrug administration.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada T6G 2N8.
authors.forename: Qiao-Hong
authors.initials: QH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: P N Praveen
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Edward E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Knaus
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001241:Aspirin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001665:Binding Sites; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015195:Drug Design; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000096926:Benzenesulfonamides
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D001241:Aspirin; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D013449:Sulfonamides; C503937:N-acetyl-2-carboxymethylbenzenesulfonamide; D000096926:Benzenesulfonamides; C496512:Ptgs1 protein, mouse; C496513:Ptgs1 protein, rat