title: Chronic administration of aminoguanidine reduces vascular nitric oxide production and attenuates liver damage in bile duct-ligated rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of liver cirrhosis. This study investigated the activity of nitric oxide synthase (NOS) in cirrhosis induced by bile duct-ligation (BDL) with NOS inhibitors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three days after operation, rats were randomized to receive aminoguanidine (AG, 25 mg/kg/day) or L-N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME, 10 mg/kg/day) for 21 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vascular NO production, which was increased in BDL cirrhotic rats, was reduced by 75% with AG but not L-NAME chronic administration. AG treatment attenuated liver damage, while L-NAME aggravated it. AG significantly suppressed inducible NOS (iNOS) expression in aorta of BDL rats at both mRNA and protein level, but much less efficient in reducing it in liver. In contrast, endothelial NOS (eNOS) expression was not markedly affected. Calcium-independent NOS activity, which was dramatically increased in aorta of BDL rats, was abolished by AG treatment. In liver, however, both calcium-dependent and -independent NOS activity were increased by AG treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic administration of AG could reduce systemic NO levels as well as suppress iNOS expression and activity in aorta of BDL rats. It also improved liver function, possibly because of its ability to increase hepatic NOS activity, and to correct the systemic hemodynamic disorders by decreasing vascular NO production.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 10 Kent Ridge Crescent, Singapore 119260, Singapore.
authors.forename: Chang-Li
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Wei-Min
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Hon
authors.forename: Kang-Hoe
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hoon-Eng
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Khoo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000201:enzymology; D001652:Bile Ducts; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D006146:Guanidines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008026:Ligation; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006146:Guanidines; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; C496318:Nos2 protein, rat; C496316:Nos3 protein, rat; C004479:pimagedine; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester