title: Evaluation of results of endoscopic gastrocnemius recession.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Gastrocnemius recession is traditionally done as an open procedure. The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the safety and efficacy of gastrocnemius recession performed endoscopically.
  
  
  METHODS
  The procedure was done in 28 patients (17 men and 11 women), ranging in age from 16 to 72 years (average 47.57, SD 13.86) between January, 2001, and September, 2003. In three patients, the procedure was done bilaterally. Followup ranged from 4 to 36 months (average 22.00, SD 11.84). The procedure was done through a single medial or lateral portal using the 3M Agee Carpal Tunnel Release System (Micro Aire Surgical Instruments, Charlottesville, VA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The initial incision for portal entry was at the wrong level in two of 31 procedures (6.5%), requiring a second incision. The recession could not be accomplished in one of 31 procedures (3.2%), so an open technique was used to complete transection of the gastrocnemius aponeurosis. One patient had a superficial wound infection (3.2%). There was no incidence of sural nerve or Achilles tendon damage. Analysis of results from a modified Olerud and Molander score using a paired student t-test revealed statistically significant improvement (p < or = 0.05) in pain, stiffness, swelling, and overall average score after the procedure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of endoscopic gastrocnemius recession using the Agee Carpal Tunnel Release System have been encouraging, with limited morbidity. The technique proved both feasible and safe in this study.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas Medical Branch, Orthopaedics and Rehabilitation, Galveston, Texas 77555-0165, USA.
authors.forename: Saul
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Trevino
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gibbs
authors.forename: Vinod
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Panchbhavi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003286:Contracture / Q000601:surgery*; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome