title: DNA mismatch repair.
abstract: DNA mismatch repair (MMR) is an evolutionarily conserved process that corrects mismatches generated during DNA replication and escape proofreading. MMR proteins also participate in many other DNA transactions, such that inactivation of MMR can have wide-ranging biological consequences, which can be either beneficial or detrimental. We begin this review by briefly considering the multiple functions of MMR proteins and the consequences of impaired function. We then focus on the biochemical mechanism of MMR replication errors. Emphasis is on structure-function studies of MMR proteins, on how mismatches are recognized, on the process by which the newly replicated strand is identified, and on excision of the replication error.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Genetics and Laboratory of Structural Biology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, USA. kunkel@niehs.nih.gov
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Kunkel
authors.forename: Dorothy A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Erie
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020137:Base Pair Mismatch; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D008958:Models, Molecular; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D051719:MutS DNA Mismatch-Binding Protein
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D051719:MutS DNA Mismatch-Binding Protein; C497175:MutS protein, E coli; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes