title: Carisolv: an alternative to NaOCl in immature root canals?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the null hypothesis that Carisolv is no more effective than 1% sodium hypochlorite in cleaning uninstrumented, immature root canals.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 240 uniform, immature ovine incisors were decoronated at the CEJ level and randomly divided into four groups of 60. After gross pulp extirpation, canals were flooded with normal saline (negative control), 1% NaOCl, Carisolv or 5% NaOCl (positive control) and incubated for 10 min (group 1), 20 min (group 2), 30 min (group 3) or 30 min, refreshing irrigant at 10 and 20 min (group 4). SEM photomicrographs of canal wall debris in the apical, middle and coronal thirds were scored against a 5-point scale. Internal consistency was assessed by kappa statistics. Debris scores for different irrigant regimes at different canal levels were analysed by non-parametric tests (P < 0.05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Canals were consistently cleaner in the coronal and middle than apical thirds. NaOCl (5%) was consistently most effective. Carisolv and NaOCl (1%) were no more effective than normal saline in group 1 (P > 0.05), but significantly more effective than normal saline in groups 2 (middle and apical 1/3), 3 and 4 (P < 0.05). Carisolv and NaOCl (1%) had comparable activity in groups 1, 2 (middle and apical thirds) and 3, but NaOCl (1%) was significantly more effective than Carisolv in group 4 (coronal and middle thirds).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  1. The ovine incisor model presents opportunities to investigate irrigation regimes under controlled ex-vivo conditions. 2.NaOCl (5%) remains the most effective irrigant for rapid debris removal in immature root canals. 3. Carisolv cleans pulp debris from the walls of immature root canals as effectively as NaOCl (1%) during static, unrefreshed wall contact for between 20 and 30 min. 4. Refreshment of NaOCl (1%) enhances its cleaning ability above that of Carisolv.
authors.affiliation: School of Dental Sciences, Newcastle University, Framlington Place, Newcastle-upon-Tyne NE2 4BW, UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rahman
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Whitworth
authors.forename: P M H
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Dummer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D007930:Leucine; D008239:Lysine; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D011897:Random Allocation; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000379:methods; D012756:Sheep; D034561:Sheep, Domestic; D016369:Smear Layer; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: C119934:Carisolv; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite; D007930:Leucine; D008239:Lysine