title: Development, technical performance, and clinical evaluation of a NucliSens basic kit application for detection of enterovirus RNA in cerebrospinal fluid.
abstract: The combination of nucleic acid sequence-based amplification and electrochemiluminescence detection was used to develop an internally controlled, highly sensitive and specific assay for the detection of enterovirus (EV) RNA in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). The analytical performance of the assay was determined using both in vitro-transcribed EV RNAs and viral culture isolates. The sensitivity of the assay was 10 EV RNA copies per amplification reaction. The assay detected all enteroviral isolates tested with no cross-reactivity to 21 nonenteroviral species, including rhinovirus and parechovirus. The clinical performance of the assay was evaluated by testing 992 CSF specimens collected from adult and pediatric patients. NucliSens EV results from a subset of 327 CSF samples were compared to viral culture of nasopharyngeal specimens and rectal swabs (n = 195) and/or CSF (n = 212). Of the 212 CSF samples, 96 samples were positive by either the NucliSens EV assay (94/96; 97.9%) or culture (63/96; 65.6%), and 61/96 (63.5%) were positive by both methods. The inclusion of an EV-specific internal control monitored the entire process, including the efficiency of nucleic acid extraction, amplification, and detection. In total, only five blood-clotted CSF samples (0.5%) were inhibited. The NucliSens EV assay demonstrated superior sensitivity over viral culture (P < 0.001), excellent specificity, clear delineation of positive samples, and minimal amplification inhibition.
authors.affiliation: North Shore-Long Island Jewish Health System Laboratories, 10 Nevada Drive, Lake Success, NY 11042, USA. cginocch@nshs.edu
authors.forename: Christine C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Ginocchio
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Amisha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Malhotra
authors.forename: Ryhana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manji
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sillekens
authors.forename: Helma
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Foolen
authors.forename: Marlieke
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Overdyk
authors.forename: Margot
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Peeters
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004770:Enterovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004769:Enterovirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D008163:Luminescent Measurements; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D021161:Self-Sustained Sequence Replication / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic