title: In vitro and in vivo immune stimulating effects of a new standardized Echinacea angustifolia root extract (Polinacea).
abstract: Polinacea is a new standardized hydroethanolic extract obtained from Echinacea angustifolia roots containing echinacoside (>4%), the high molecular weight polysaccharide IDN 5405 (>5%) and a isobutylamide fraction (<0.1%). For in vitro tests, a bacterial lipopolysaccharide-free (LPS-free) Polinacea has been prepared in order to avoid non-specific responses of immunocompetent cells. LPS-free Polinacea enhanced the immune functions as highlighted by the proliferation rate and gamma-interferon production in murine T-lymphocyte cell cultures stimulated by anti-CD3. LPS-free Polinacea did not have a direct role on macrophage response as measured in the nitric oxide production test using the J774 macrophage cells line. In vivo, Polinacea showed an immune stimulating activity by reducing the Candida albicans induced mortality both in normal and in cyclosporin A-treated mice.
authors.affiliation: Indena SpA, Direzione Scientifica, Viale Ortles 12-20139 Milano, Italy. paolo.morazzoni@indena.com
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Morazzoni
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cristoni
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Pierro
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Avanzini
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ravarino
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stornello
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zucca
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Musso
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020900:Echinacea; D005260:Female; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018517:Plant Roots; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007371:Interferon-gamma