title: Electroretinography using contact lens electrode with built-in light source in dogs.
abstract: Electroretinography (ERG) is an effective method for the diagnosis of retinal disease. In the dog, dependable ERG recording is difficult without the use of an expensive device like a Ganzfeld full-field stimulator. The International Society for Clinical Electrophysiology of Vision has defined the standard flash stimulus condition (SF) and evaluation of the retina using the b/a ratio in humans. In dogs, evaluation using the b/a ratio has not been reported, whereas the intensity of SF has been defined. In this study, we performed a convenient ERG recording method using a contact lens electrode with a built-in light source (LED-electrode), and confirmed SF as reported previously. ERG recordings were performed on 15 healthy beagle dogs under sedation. We performed bilateral ERG at 12 different intensities after 30 min dark adaptation. After 10 min light adaptation, we recorded single flash cone and flicker cone response using the SF determined in this study. In this study, SF of 3.0 cd/m(2)/sec (6,000 cd/m(2), 0.5 msec) resulted in b/a=2. The intensity for rod response that recorded only the b-wave was 0.0096 cd/m(2)/sec (80 cd/m(2), 0.12 msec). We could achieve ERG for each response easily and smoothly under sedation, and without general anesthesia. Using an LED-electrode, we could perform more quantitative and reproducible ERG examinations than with traditional methods. We propose that the b/a ratio is the most useful parameter in ERG reporting for evaluating retinal function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Companion Animal Clinical Sciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, Ebetsu, Hokkaido 069-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Seiya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maehara
authors.forename: Norihiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wakaiki
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuzuki
authors.forename: Takahiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Seno
authors.forename: Tokiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kushiro
authors.forename: Kazuto
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamashita
authors.forename: Yasuharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Izumisawa
authors.forename: Tadao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kotani
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003261:Contact Lenses / Q000662:veterinary*; D004285:Dogs; D004566:Electrodes; D004596:Electroretinography / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000662:veterinary*