title: New dammarane-type saponins from the galls of Sapindus mukorossi.
abstract: Five new dammarane-type saponins, 3beta,7beta,20(S),22-tetrahydroxydammar-24-ene-3-O-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, 3beta,7beta,20(S),22,23-pentahydroxydammar-24-ene-3-O-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, 3beta,7beta,20(S),22,25-pentahydroxydammar-23-ene-3-O-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, 25-methoxy-3beta,7beta,20(S),22-tetrahydroxydammar-23-ene-3-O-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, and 25-methoxy-3beta,7beta,20(R)-trihydroxydammar-23-ene-3-O-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranoside, named sapinmusaponins A (1), B (2), C (3), D (4), and E (5), respectively, together with three known phenylpropanoid glycosides (6-8), were isolated from the galls of Sapindus mukorossi. The structures of these saponins were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic analyses and chemical methods. Preliminary bioassay data revealed that saponins 1 and 3-5 showed moderate cytotoxic activity (ED50 approximately 9-18 microg/mL) against human tumor cell lines (Hepa59T/VGH, NCI, HeLa, and Med) and that 1-5 were inactive in vitro against HIV replication in H9 lymphocytes.
authors.affiliation: National Research Institute of Chinese Medicine, Taipei 112, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yao-Haur
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Hui-Chi
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Li-Ming
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Yang Kuo
authors.forename: Ya-Wen
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Kuo-Hsiung
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Fang-Rong
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Yang-Chang
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D010941:Plant Tumors; D032127:Sapindus / Q000737:chemistry*; D012503:Saponins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000032:analysis*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D000097669:Dammaranes
chemical_list: D012503:Saponins; D014315:Triterpenes; D000097669:Dammaranes