Metabolic and cellular plasticity in white adipose tissue II: role of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha.
Chronic activation of adipocyte beta-adrenergic receptors induces remodeling of white adipose tissue (WAT) that includes a transient inflammatory response followed by mitochondrial biogenesis, induction of fatty acid oxidation genes, and elevation of tissue oxidative metabolism. Gene profiling experiments of WAT during remodeling induced by the beta(3)-adrenergic receptor agonist CL-316,243 (CL) suggested that peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-alpha (Ppara), which is upregulated by CL, might be an important transcriptional regulator of that process. Histological, physiological, and molecular analysis of CL-induced remodeling in wild-type mice and mice lacking Ppara demonstrated that Ppara was important for inducing adipocyte mitochondrial biogenesis and upregulating genes involved in fatty acid oxidation. Furthermore, Ppara-deficient mice exhibited sustained WAT inflammation during CL treatment, indicating that upregulation of Ppara limits proinflammatory signaling during chronic lipolytic activation. Together, these data support the hypothesis that WAT remodeling is an adaptive response to excessive fatty acid mobilization whereby Ppara and its downstream targets elevate fatty acid catabolism and suppress proinflammatory signaling.
Li
Pipeng
P
Department of Psychiatry, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA. jgranne@med.wayne.edu
Zhu
Zhengxian
Z
Lu
Yuyan
Y
Granneman
James G
JG
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D058667:Adrenergic beta-3 Receptor Agonists; D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D048429:Cell Size / Q000187:drug effects; D004149:Dioxoles / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D047493:PPAR alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3 / Q000378:metabolism*
D058667:Adrenergic beta-3 Receptor Agonists; D004149:Dioxoles; D047493:PPAR alpha; D022702:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-3; C076126:disodium (R,R)-5-(2-((2-(3-chlorophenyl)-2-hydroxyethyl)-amino)propyl)-1,3-benzodioxole-2,3-dicarboxylate