title: Accuracy of the routine detection of mutation in mismatch repair genes in patients with susceptibility to hereditary upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To establish the clinical benefits of systematic testing for hMSH6 and hMLH1 mutations in the very rare patients with upper urinary tract transitional cell carcinomas (UUT-TCCs), a clinical predisposition for hereditary tumour and no mutation detected in hMSH2 gene.
  
  
  METHODS
  In all, 164 UUT-TCC specimen blocks were screened for microsatellite instability (MSI); 27 (16%) had high MSI levels. Eight patients (30%) had clinical criteria suspicious of hereditary tumour; in three a mutation in hMSH2 was detected. For the other patients, clinical data were collated, and DNA gene sequences analysed to detect mutations in hMLH1 and in hMSH6 genes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five patients were assessed (mean age at the diagnosis of UUT-TCC 65.2 years, sd 8, range 54-71; two aged < 60 years). Three patients had a personal history of hereditary nonpolyposis colorectal related-cancer (three colorectal). There were only mutations in hMSH2 gene detected, with none in hMSH6 and hMLH1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For the rare patients with UUT-TCC who are suspected of carrying mismatch repair gene mutations if no hMSH2 mutation is found by genetic testing, complementary DNA sequencing for hMLH1 and hMSH6 mutation does not seem to contribute and should not be recommended in daily practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology of Tenon Hospital, Paris, France. mroupret@club-internet.fr
authors.forename: Morgan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rouprêt
authors.forename: Florence
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Coulet
authors.forename: Abdel-Rahmène
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Azzouzi
authors.forename: Gaëlle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fromont
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Cussenot
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D000368:Aged; D020137:Base Pair Mismatch / Q000235:genetics*; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005820:Genetic Testing / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics*; D008875:Middle Aged; D000070957:MutL Protein Homolog 1; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014571:Urologic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D002352:Carrier Proteins; C501486:MLH1 protein, human; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D000070957:MutL Protein Homolog 1