title: Effect of glycemic control on refractive changes in diabetic patients with hyperglycemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of intensive glycemic control on hyperglycemia- induced changes in refraction, corneal topography, lenticular and corneal thickness in diabetic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighteen diabetic patients with plasma glucose >300 mg/dl were enrolled in the study consecutively. Autorefraction, C-Scan corneal topography, Javal keratometry, corneal pachymetry and ultrasonic biometric measurements were carried out at presentation and after metabolic control of blood sugar (plasma glucose profile <200 mg/dl). One eye of each patient was selected randomly for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean plasma glucose levels were 356.00 mg/dl before and 133.78 mg/dl after treatment. The median values of the autorefractometric measurements were - 0.125 D on admission and + 0.375 D at the second examination. The difference in the refraction was statistically significant (P = 0.022). Nine of 18 patients became hyperopic, 2 became myopic and 7 showed no change after treatment. There was a significant change in the corneal topographic keratometric measurements at the flattest corneal meridian after treatment (P = 0.037). After treatment no statistically significant changes were observed in the pachymetric corneal thickness, anterior chamber depth, biometric dioptric lens calculations and Javal keratometric data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hyperglycemia is the major cause of the transient refractive changes in diabetic patients. Following intensive medical treatment, a considerable number of patients tend to become more hyperopic compared with the hyperglycemic state. During the treatment period, changes in the corneal topographic parameters might be a potential source of error for keratorefractive and cataract surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Baris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sonmez
authors.forename: Banu
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bozkurt
authors.forename: Aysegul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Atmaca
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Irkec
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Orhan
authors.forename: Umut
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Aslan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D019781:Corneal Topography; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012029:Refraction, Ocular / Q000502:physiology; D012030:Refractive Errors / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin