[Correlation of immunophenotype to cytogenetics and clinical features of adult acute myeloid leukemia].
OBJECTIVE
New WHO classification has been rapidly used in diagnosis of leukemia. Based on coexpression and correlation of lineage-associated antigens, multiparameter high-resolution flow cytometry has been developed to precisely identify lineage characteristics of leukemia. Some immunophenotypes correlate with cytogenetic abnormality and prognosis. This study was to analyze immunophenotype of naive acute myeloid leukemia (AML), and explore its correlations to cytogenetics, clinical features, and FAB subtype of AML.


METHODS
Multiparameter high-resolution flow cytometry with a panel of 25 different monoclonal antibodies was used to analyze the surface and cytoplasmic antigens expressions of 96 adults with AML; G-binding technique was used to analyze karyotype of 73 of the 96 patients.


RESULTS
In these AML patients, some antigens were correlated with FAB subtypes:expression of CD2 was enhanced in AML-M3; HLA-DR, CD34, and CD56 were absent in AML-M3; expression of CD19 was increased in AML-M2; expressions of CD14 and CD56 were enhanced in AML-M5; MPO was absent in AML-M0. Karyotype abnormality was detected in 40(54.8%) patients. CD22, CD56, and TdT expressions were correlated with karyotype abnormality. t(8; 21) was only detected in 10 AML-M2 patients with high expressions of CD15, CD19, CD34, and CD56; no lymphoid lineage antigens were detected in 7 AML-M3 patients with t (15; 17). Expressions of CD4 and TdT were positively correlated with patient's age; expressions of CD7 and CD14 were positively correlated with high white blood cell count; expressions of CD4, CD14, and CD56 were positively correlated with high platelet count.


CONCLUSIONS
The abnormal antigen expression of AML is tightly linked with karyotype abnormality. Detection of immunophenotype may help to diagnose and classify AML.
Wang
Xing-Bing
XB
Stem Cell Research & Applying Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, P. R. China.
Zheng
Jin-E
JE
Gu
Jun-Xia
JX
Yao
Jun-Xia
JX
Yang
Jin
J
Liu
Jun
J
Li
Xiao-Qing
XQ
He
Yan-Li
YL
Yu
Jing-Ming
JM
Wei
Jun
J
Liu
Zhong-Ping
ZP
Huang
Shi-Ang
SA
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / Q000276:immunology*; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007621:Karyotyping; D004915:Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007948:Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015479:Leukemia, Myelomonocytic, Acute / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
D015703:Antigens, CD; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments