title: Thomas Annandale and the first report of successful orchiopexy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigate the surgeon and factors behind the first report of successful orchiopexy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the first reports of orchiopexy, and the work and writings concerning Thomas Annandale and the time in which he practiced.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Annandale was a surgeon in Edinburgh, Scotland, in the late 19th century. In 1877 he successfully brought down an ectopic testicle in a 3-year-old boy. This first reported successful orchiopexy was due in large part to Lister's antiseptic technique.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Annandale performed the first successful orchiopexy by integrating the surgical and antiseptic ideas of his predecessors and contemporaries.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Melissa C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Mark T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Milen
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Bloom
mesh_terms: D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000266:history* / Q000601:surgery; D004739:England; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000266:history*