title: Glucagon as a target for the treatment of Type 2 diabetes.
abstract: Glucagon is the key counter-regulatory hormone that opposes the action of insulin. In states of relative hypoglycaemia, glucagon acts to increase blood glucose by stimulating hepatic glycogen breakdown and gluconeogenesis to achieve euglycaemia. Type 2 diabetes is characterised by inappropriate regulation of hepatic glucose production, which is due, at least in part, to an imbalance in the bihormonal relationship between plasma levels of glucagon and insulin. The glucose-lowering effects of glucagon peptide antagonists and antiglucagon neutralising antibodies first demonstrated the potential of glucagon receptor (GCGR) antagonism as a treatment for hyperglycaemia. In recent years, the development of GCGR antisense oligonucleotides and small molecular weight GCGR antagonists have been pursued as possible therapeutic agents to target glucagon action as a treatment for Type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Discovery, Lilly Research Laboratories, Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, Indiana 46285, USA. sloop_kyle_w@lilly.com
authors.forename: Kyle W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Sloop
authors.forename: M Dodson
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Michael
authors.forename: Julie S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Moyers
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005934:Glucagon / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018027:Receptors, Glucagon / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D018027:Receptors, Glucagon; D005934:Glucagon