title: Cognitive dysfunction following cardiovascular surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was the evaluation of perioperative cognitive dysfunction in patients undergoing cardiovascular surgery with or without cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and identification of the risk factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between July 2001 and October 2003, we performed cognitive examinations in 192 patients (mean age 65.5 +/- 7.6 years) who underwent elective cardiovascular surgery with or without CPB. The cognitive examinations (Hasegawa dementia scale) were done both pre- and postoperatively. Forty-six patients who had developed cognitive dysfunction postoperatively were included in Group A. The remaining 146 patients were placed in the control group (Group B).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients in Group A were noted to be significantly older than those in Group B (69.8 +/- 7.4 vs. 64.1 +/- 7.2, p < 0.05). The number of patients who at risk for cerebrovascular disease was significantly higher in Group A than in Group B (p < 0.05). Among intraoperative variables, there were no significant differences between the two groups concerning the presence or absence of CPB, CPB duration, and operation duration. The length of postoperative hospitalization of the Group A patients was greater. Age was identified as the only predictor of postoperative cognitive dysfunction in multivariate analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the present study, it is possible that CPB did not play a significant role in the genesis of cognitive dysfunction after cardiovascular surgery. Age appears to be the only significant predictor of postoperative cognitive dysfunction.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Funabashi Municipal Medical Center, Funabashi, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.forename: Yoshiharu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahara
authors.forename: Shigeyasu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mogi
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006349:Heart Valve Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis