title: Functional effects of single dose first- and second-generation antipsychotic administration in subjects with schizophrenia.
abstract: Using PET with (15)O water, we characterized the time course of functional brain changes following the acute administration of a first- and a second-generation antipsychotic. Volunteers with schizophrenia were scanned while drug-free (baseline) and after single dose administration of haloperidol (n=6) or olanzapine (n=6) during a time course adapted to their plasma kinetics. To obtain brain location information, we contrasted each post-drug scan to baseline-acquired scans. We plotted the regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) extracted in these locations and calculated the kinetic characteristics of the curves. Further, we compared and contrasted the rCBF changes induced by the drugs over the first 4 h post-drug administration. Dorsal and ventral striatum, thalamus and anterior cingulate cortex were activated with haloperidol, while frontal, temporal and cerebellum regions evidenced reduced flow. With olanzapine, ventral striatum, anterior cingulate and temporal cortices evidenced increases, and thalamus and lingual cortex decreases, in rCBF. Both drugs activated the caudate nucleus. Haloperidol induced greater activation of the dorsal striatum than did olanzapine. These data reveal important differences in patterns of brain activation between the drugs. Differences in the involvement in basal ganglia parallel known differences between the drugs in the emergence of acute EPS upon emergency administration.
authors.affiliation: Maryland Psychiatric Research Center, University of Maryland School of Medicine, P.O. Box 21247, Baltimore, MD 21228, USA. alahti@mprc.umaryland.edu
authors.forename: Adrienne C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Lahti
authors.forename: Martin A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Weiler
authors.forename: Deborah R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Medoff
authors.forename: Carol A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Tamminga
authors.forename: Henry H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Holcomb
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects*; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000077152:Olanzapine; D011388:Prolactin / Q000097:blood; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D011388:Prolactin; D006220:Haloperidol; D000077152:Olanzapine