title: Risk factors associated with hepatitis C among patients co-infected with human immunodeficiency virus: a case-control study.
abstract: A case-control study was carried out to assess the risk factors associated with hepatitis C in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus. One hundred eighteen patients tested positive for hepatitis C virus (HCV) and were included as cases, and 117 tested negative for HCV and were included as controls. Information was collected through a questionnaire. The risk factors that showed a significant association with co-infection by multivariate analysis were an age of 30-39 years (odds ratio [OR] = 4.65, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.31-16.43), an age of 40-49 years (OR = 6.48, 95% CI = 1.70-24.78), an age > 50 years (OR = 7.50, 95% CI = 1.54-36.68), use of intravenous drugs (OR = 25.46, 95% CI = 4.91-131.88), use of inhaled illicit drugs (OR = 3.56, 95% CI = 1.22-10.44), anal intercourse (OR = 3.93, 95% CI = 1.27-12.13), a sexual partner with a history of liver disease (OR = 5.45, 95% CI = 1.33-22.32), a sexual partner with a history of blood transfusions (OR = 4.79, 95% CI = 0.95-24.19), and sexual partner with a history of intravenous drug use (OR = 3.46, 95% CI = 1.24-9.65).
authors.affiliation: Casa da AIDS, Division of Infectious and Parasitic Diseases, Hospital das Clinicas, Medical School, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. cassiamc@uol.com.br
authors.forename: Maria Cássia Jacintho
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Mendes-Correa
authors.forename: Antonio Alci
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Barone
authors.forename: Reinaldo José
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Gianini
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors