title: Dynamic properties of biologically active synthetic heparin-like hexasaccharides.
abstract: A complete study of the dynamics of two synthetic heparin-like hexasaccharides, D-GlcNHSO3-6-SO4-alpha-(1-->4)-L-IdoA-2-SO4-alpha-(1-->4)-D-GlcNHSO3-6-SO4-alpha-(1-->4)-L-IdoA-2-SO4-alpha-(1-->4)-D-GlcNHSO3-6-SO4-alpha-(1-->4)-L-IdoA-2-SO4-alpha-1-->iPr (1) and -->4)-L-IdoA-2-SO4-alpha-(1-->4)-D-GlcNHAc-6-SO4-alpha-(1-->4)-L-IdoA-alpha-(1-->4)-D-GlcNHSO3-alpha-(1-->4)-L-IdoA-2-SO4-alpha-1-->iPr (2), has been performed using 13C-nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) relaxation parameters, T1, T2, and heteronuclear nuclear Overhauser effect (NOEs). Compound 1 is constituted from sequences corresponding to the major polysaccharide heparin region, while compound 2 contains a sequence never found in natural heparin. They differ from each other only in sulphation patterns, and are capable of stimulating fibroblast growth factors (FGFs)-1 induced mitogenesis. Both oligosaccharides exhibit a remarkable anisotropic overall motion in solution as revealed by their anisotropic ratios (tau /tau||), 4.0 and 3.0 respectively. This is a characteristic behaviour of natural glycosaminoglycans (GAG) which has also been observed for the antithrombin (AT) binding pentasaccharide D-GlcNHSO3-6-SO4-alpha-(1-->4)-D-GlcA-beta-(1-->4)-D-GlcNHSO3-(3,6-SO4)-alpha-(1-->4)-L-IdoA-2-SO4-alpha-(1-->4)-D-GlcNHSO3-6-SO4-alpha-1-->Me (3) (Hricovíni, M., Guerrini, M., Torri, G., Piani, S., and Ungarelli, F. (1995) Conformational analysis of heparin epoxide in aqueous solution. An NMR relaxation study. Carbohydr. Res., 277, 11-23). The motional properties observed for 1 and 2 provide additional support to the suitability of these compounds as heparin models in agreement with previous structural (de Paz, J.L., Angulo, J., Lassaletta, J.M., Nieto, P.M., Redondo-Horcajo, M., Lozano, R.M., Jiménez-Gallego, G., and Martín-Lomas, M. (2001) The activation of fibroblast growth factors by heparin: synthesis, structure and biological activity of heparin-like oligosaccharides. Chembiochem, 2, 673-685; Ojeda, R., Angulo, J., Nieto, P.M., and Martin-Lomas. M. (2002) The activation of fibroblast growth factors by heparin: synthesis and structural study of rationally modified heparin-like oligosaccharides. Can. J. Chem,. 80, 917-936; Lucas, R., Angulo, J., Nieto, P.M., and Martin-Lomas, M. (2003) Synthesis and structural studies of two new heparin-like hexasaccharides. Org. Biomol. Chem., 1, 2253-2266) and biological data (Angulo, J., Ojeda, R., de Paz, J.L., Lucas, R., Nieto, P.M., Lozano, R.M., Redondo-Horcajo, M., Giménez-Gallego, G., and Martín-Lomas, M. (2004) The activation of fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) by glycosaminoglycans: influence of the sulphation pattern on the biological activity of FGF-1. Chembiochem, 5, 55-61). Fast internal motions observed for the less sulphated compound 2, as compared with 1, may be related to their different behavior in stimulating FGF1-induced mitogenic activity.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Carbohidratos, Instituto de Investigaciones Químicas, CSIC, Américo Vespucio 49, Isla de la Cartuja, 41092 Sevilla, Spain.
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Angulo
authors.forename: Milos
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hricovíni
authors.forename: Margarida
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gairi
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guerrini
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: de Paz
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ojeda
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martín-Lomas
authors.forename: Pedro M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Nieto
mesh_terms: D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D016220:Fibroblast Growth Factor 1 / Q000737:chemistry; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000737:chemistry*; D006493:Heparin / Q000737:chemistry*; D006497:Heparan Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D016220:Fibroblast Growth Factor 1; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D006493:Heparin; D006497:Heparan Sulfate; C507409:isopropyl 2-deoxy-2-sulfoaminoglucopyranosyl-(1-4)-2-O-sulfoidouronosyl-(1-4)-2-deoxy-2-acetylamino-6-O-sulfoglucopyranosyl-(1-4)-idouronosyl-(1-4)-2-deoxy-2-sulfoaminoglucopyransoyl-(1-4)-2-sulfoidouronoside