title: Ethnic differences in cardiovascular and all-cause mortality in Birmingham, England: the Birmingham Factory Screening Project.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare cardiovascular and all-cause mortality, among white Europeans, African-Caribbeans and South-Asians, in relation to baseline demographic characteristics and blood pressure variables.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational follow-up study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Community settings in Birmingham, UK.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two thousand and eighty-nine white European and 340 African-Caribbean men and women, and 195 South-Asian men whose survival status on 31 December 2003 was known.
  
  
  METHODS
  Follow-up for assessment of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality over a mean (SD) 20.3 (4.2) years.
  
  
  METHODS
  All-cause and cardiovascular mortality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant ethnic differences in all-cause or cardiovascular mortality for men [adjusted hazard ratio (HR) = 1.02; 95% confidence interval (CI), 0.80-1.28 and HR = 1.33; 95% CI, 0.99-1.79, respectively] or women (adjusted HR = 0.61; 95% CI, 0.29-1.32 and HR = 1.19; 95% CI, 0.41-3.45, respectively) in either univariate or multivariate analyses. The only independent predictors of both all-cause and cardiovascular mortality were age, sex, smoking and mean systolic blood pressure or hypertension.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It appears that ethnicity per se is not an independent risk factor for all-cause and cardiovascular mortality between white Europeans and African-Caribbeans in the present study. The data concerning ethnic differences in all-cause and cardiovascular mortality for South-Asians is limited, given that significantly fewer South-Asian men could be traced by the Office for National Statistics (ONS), hence we do not know their survival status, and the total lack of data on South-Asian women.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Medicine, City Hospital, Birmingham, England, UK.
authors.forename: Deirdre A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Lane
authors.forename: Gregory Y H
authors.initials: GY
authors.lastname: Lip
authors.forename: D Gareth
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Beevers
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D044466:Asian People / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D044383:Black People / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000401:mortality*; D004739:England / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D016272:Occupational Health / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014505:Urban Population; D044465:White People / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data