title: Left atrial systolic reserve in idiopathic vs. ischaemic-dilated cardiomyopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There are studies indicating more pronounced left atrial (LA) systolic dysfunction at rest in idiopathic (IDDC) than in ischaemic-dilated cardiomyopathy (ISDC). It was hypothesized that the findings would be similar with regards LA systolic reserve.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six patients with IDDC, 28 with ISDC and 25 normal controls underwent low-dose dobutamine stress echocardiography (5-10 microg kg(-1) min(-1) IV). Left atrial volumes were echocardiographically determined at rest and during stress at the mitral valve opening (maximal, Vmax), electrocardiographic P wave (onset of atrial systole, Vp) and mitral valve closure (minimal, Vmin) from the apical 4- and 2-chamber views (biplane area-length method). Left atrial systolic function was assessed with the LA-active emptying volume (ACTEV) = Vp-Vmin and fraction (ACTEF) = ACTEV/Vp.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vmax at rest was similar in IDDC and ISDC and greater than in the controls (54.2 +/- 12 vs. 48.5 +/- 18 vs. 27.1 +/- 6.3 cm(3) m(-2), respectively, P < 0.001) and did not change with stress (53.9 +/- 13.8 vs. 46.9 +/- 16.2 vs. 25.8 +/- 5.9 cm(3) m(-2), P < 0.001). The ACTEV at rest was similar in IDDC and ISDC and greater than in the controls (8.6 +/- 3.5 vs. 9.7 +/- 2.9 vs. 6.1 +/- 2.2 cm(3) m(-2) P < 0.01), whereas during the dobutamine infusion it remained unaltered in IDDC (10.8 +/- 4.6 cm(3) m(-2), P = NS vs. rest) and increased in ISDC (11.8 +/- 3.3 cm(3) m(-2), P < 0.05) and the controls (13.1 +/- 3.2 cm(3) m(-2), P < 0.01). The ACTEF was lower in IDDC than ISDC and the controls at rest (20 +/- 10% vs. 33 +/- 8% vs. 36 +/- 10%, P < 0.01). Dobutamine infusion was associated with no significant increase in ACTEF in IDDC (25 +/- 12%, P = NS vs. rest), and with an increase in this variable in ISDC (39 +/- 10%, P < 0.05) and the controls (49 +/- 12%, P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dobutamine infusion is associated with an increase in LA ACTEV and fraction in ISDC and no significant change in these indices in IDDC. These findings indicate a reduced LA systolic reserve in IDDC.
authors.affiliation: Laico General Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Moyssakis
authors.forename: D P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Papadopoulos
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kelepeshis
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gialafos
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Votteas
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Triposkiadis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016279:Atrial Function, Left / Q000502:physiology*; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization / Q000379:methods; D002311:Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D025401:Echocardiography, Stress; D005260:Female; D006325:Heart Atria; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013599:Systole