title: Abnormal distribution of aquaporin-5 in salivary glands in the NOD mouse model for Sjögren's syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To localize aquaporin-5 in healthy salivary gland acinar cells and to check if it is abnormally translocated in an experimental NOD mouse model for Sjögren's syndrome (SS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Healthy BALB/c control mice and autoimmune focal adenitis NOD mice were studied. Aquaporin-5 was stained using avidin-biotin-peroxidase complex and indirect immunofluorescence staining methods, and visualized using light and laser scanning confocal microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Aquaporin-5 was found in the apical domain of the acinar cell plasma membrane in healthy BALB/c mice. In contrast, aquaporin-5 was found in the apical and basolateral acinar plasma cell membrane in parotid, submandibular, and sublingual glands in NOD mice. This was confirmed using laser scanning confocal microscopy for optical sectioning and image reconstruction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings reveal an abnormal translocation of aquaporin-5 in an experimental SS animal model and support observations that implied a similar loss of the ordered and polarized expression of aquaporin-5 in human SS labial and lacrimal glands.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine/Invärtes medicin, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. yrjo.konttinen@helsinki.fi
authors.forename: Yrjö T
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Konttinen
authors.forename: Eve-Kai
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Tensing
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laine
authors.forename: Pauliina
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Porola
authors.forename: Jyrki
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Törnwall
authors.forename: Mika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hukkanen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D051402:Aquaporin 5; D020346:Aquaporins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D016688:Mice, Inbred NOD; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D012469:Salivary Glands / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: C496038:Aqp5 protein, mouse; D051402:Aquaporin 5; D020346:Aquaporins; D008565:Membrane Proteins