[18F]FDG uptake and PCNA, Glut-1, and Hexokinase-II expressions in cancers and inflammatory lesions of the lung.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationships among [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose ([18F]-FDG) uptake, Glut-1 and HK-II expressions, and grade of inflammation in resected lung lesions.


METHODS
Sixty patients had undergone preoperative 18F-FDG-PET imaging and thoracotomy. For semiquantitative analysis of 18F-FDG uptake, partial volume effect corrected maximum standardized uptake values (pSUVs) were calculated. Immunohistochemical staining was performed in resected specimens using anti-Glut-1, anti-HK-II, and anti-proliferative cellular nuclear antigen (PCNA) antibodies, and immunoreactivities were scored as G-, H-, and P-indexes on a five-point scale (0: 0%; 1: 20%, 2: 40%; 3: 60%; 4: 80%, and 5: 100% percentages of strongly immunoreactive cells).Grade of inflammation was also evaluated.


RESULTS
The malignant lesions had higher pSUV and higher G- and H- than nonmalignant lesions. pSUVs correlated with the G- (p < .001), H- (p < .01), and P-indexes (p < .01) in malignant lesions. In adenocarcinomas, cancers with lower differentiation showed higher expression of Glut-1 and HK-II than those with higher differentiation. A positive linear regression was observed between pSUVs and the grading of inflammation in nonmalignant lesions (p < .05).


CONCLUSIONS
Our study indicates that 18F-FDG uptake in lung cancer correlates well with the Glut-1, HK-II, and PCNA expression. For nonmalignant lesions, the presence of a higher inflammatory process correlated with 18F-FDG uptake.
Mamede
Marcelo
M
Department of Nuclear Medicine and Diagnostic Imaging, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan.
Higashi
Tatsuya
T
Kitaichi
Masanori
M
Ishizu
Koichi
K
Ishimori
Takayoshi
T
Nakamoto
Yuji
Y
Yanagihara
Kazuhiro
K
Li
Mio
M
Tanaka
Fumihiro
F
Wada
Hiromi
H
Manabe
Toshiaki
T
Saga
Tsuneo
T
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1; D006593:Hexokinase / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation; D016014:Linear Models; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009336:Necrosis; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D013997:Time Factors; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000378:metabolism
D051272:Glucose Transporter Type 1; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; C495677:SLC2A1 protein, human; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006593:Hexokinase