title: Cost of care of schizophrenia: a study of Indian out-patient attenders.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the cost of care of Indian out-patients with schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cost of illness in 50 out-patients with schizophrenia was assessed over a 6-month period together with structured assessments of psychopathology and disability, and compared with 50 out-patients with diabetes mellitus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total annual costs of care of schizophrenia were 274 US dollars; these were not significantly different from diabetes mellitus. Indirect costs (63%) were higher than direct costs. Drug costs were high. The main brunt of financial burden was borne by the family. Total treatment costs in schizophrenia were significantly higher in those who were unemployed, those who visited the hospital more often, and were more severely ill and disabled.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Schizophrenia is an expensive illness to treat even in developing countries. Costs of care are similar to those of chronic physical illness, such as diabetes mellitus. Costs are higher in severely ill and disabled patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Postgraduate Institute of Medical Education and Research, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grover
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avasthi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chakrabarti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhansali
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kulhara
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000191:economics*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000191:economics / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D038801:International Classification of Diseases; D008297:Male; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000191:economics*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000191:economics* / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors