Time of day for exercise on blood pressure reduction in dipping and nondipping hypertension.
Time of day (TOD) for exercise may influence blood pressure (BP) reduction in hypertension because of the diurnal variation of BP and the duration of BP reduction following a single bout of exercise. The purpose of this study was to observe the effects of TOD for exercise on ambulatory blood pressure reduction in dipping (n=5) and nondipping (n=9) hypertension (<10% drop in nighttime BP (BP(night))).


OBJECTIVE
(1) evening exercise (PM(ex)) would exhibit a greater BP(night) reduction in Non-Dippers than Dippers, (2) morning exercise (AM(ex)) would exhibit similar daytime BP (BP(day)) reduction in Dippers and Non-Dippers, (3) AM(ex) would exhibit greater 24 h BP (BP(24 h)) reduction than PM(ex) in Dippers, and (4) AM(ex) and PM(ex) would exhibit similar BP(24 h) reduction in Non-Dippers. BP responses to AM(ex) (0600-0800 h; 30 min at 50% VO(2peak)) and PM(ex) (1700-1900 h) were compared to each control day in a randomized design. Systolic (S) and diastolic (D) BP were averaged for BP(24 h), BP(day), and BP(night). A two-way ANOVA (dipping X time of exercise) using BP reduction with repeated measures were performed at P<0.05.


RESULTS
(1) Non-Dippers respond to exercise despite of TOD for exercise, (2) PM(ex) exhibited a greater SBP(night) reduction in Non-Dippers than Dippers, (3) AM(ex) exhibited similar SBP(day) reductions in Dippers and Non-Dippers, and (4) AM(ex) and PM(ex) exhibited similar SBP(24 h) reduction in Dippers and Non-Dippers. Dippers and Non-Dippers respond differently to TOD for exercise. The duration of the BP reduction persists up to 24 h after exercise.
Park
S
S
Clinical Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, Indiana University, 1025 East Seventh Street, Bloomington, IN 47405, USA.
Jastremski
C A
CA
Wallace
J P
JP
D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D019454:Chronotherapy; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016138:Walking / Q000502:physiology