title: Inflammatory bowel diseases: clinical update of practical guidelines.
abstract: Idiopathic inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) includes a collection of disorders of the gastrointestinal tract of unknown aetiology, characterized by intestinal inflammation and a chronic relapsing course associated with local and systemic complications. Traditionally, IBD comprises two prototype entities, ulcerative colitis (UC) and Crohn's disease (CD) and an intermediate variant of these diseases, indeterminate colitis which shows overlapping features of the two major forms. Over the last few years, considerable progress has been made in our knowledge of the pathogenesis of IBD, which is complex and derives from genetic, environmental and immunological interactions. The aetiology remains unclear, but it is well established that the lesions and symptoms are associated with over-production of pro-inflammatory cytokines. In this paper we briefly review the pathophysiology and the new therapeutic approaches to IBD, since from these, new achievement depends the appropriate diagnostic exams to be performed and diagnostic flow charts.
authors.affiliation: Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, University "La Sapienza", Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Angelo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Viscido
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aratari
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Maccioni
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Signore
authors.forename: Renzo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Caprilli
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D010818:Practice Patterns, Physicians'
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents