title: Cellular and molecular mechanisms of sex differences in renal ischemia-reperfusion injury.
abstract: Renal ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) is an important etiopathological mechanism of acute renal failure (ARF). Despite improvements in the treatment of ARF, it is associated with significant morbidity and mortality. I/R injury also occurs during renal transplantation and leads to reduced allograft survival. Sex differences have been found in I/R injury in many different organs including the kidney. Women have half the mortality of men in ARF. In animal models also, females are protected against renal I/R injury. The mechanisms by which sex affects the outcome to renal I/R injury are being actively investigated. This review will examine the evidence for gender differences in renal I/R injury and discuss the probable mechanisms by which sex affects the renal response to I/R injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kher
authors.forename: Kirstan K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Meldrum
authors.forename: Meijing
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ben M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Jeffrey M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Pitcher
authors.forename: Daniel R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Meldrum
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D006084:Graft Rejection; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism*; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous