Different effect of beta-carotene on proliferation of prostate cancer cells.
It was shown that high doses of beta-carotene (>30 microM) decrease proliferation of prostate cancer cells in vitro. However, it is rather doubtful whether such concentration of beta-carotene is really accessible at cellular level. We studied the effect of 3 and 10 microM beta-carotene on proliferation and gene expression in LNCaP and PC-3 prostate cancer cell lines. Beta-carotene--more efficiently absorbed from medium by androgen-sensitive LNCaP cells--increased proliferation of LNCaP cells whereas it had weaker effect on PC-3 cells. Initial global analysis of expression of genes in both cell lines treated with 10 microM beta-carotene (Affymetrix HG-U133A) showed remarkable differences in number of responsive genes. Their recognition allows for conclusion that differences between prostate cancer cell lines in response to beta-carotene treatment are due to various androgen sensitivities of LNCaP and PC-3 cells. Detailed analysis of expression of selected genes in beta-carotene treated LNCaP cells at the level of mRNA and protein indicated that the observed increase of proliferation could have been the result of slight induction of a few genes affecting proliferation (c-myc, c-jun) and apoptosis (bcl-2) with no significant effect on major cell cycle control genes (cdk2, RB, E2F-1).
Dulińska
Joanna
J
Institute of Medical Biochemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. M. Kopernika 7, 31-034 Kraków, Poland. mblitewk@cyf-kr.edu.pl
Gil
Dorota
D
Zagajewski
Jacek
J
Hartwich
Jadwiga
J
Bodzioch
Marek
M
Dembińska-Kieć
Aldona
A
Langmann
Thomas
T
Schmitz
Gerd
G
Laidler
Piotr
P
D000728:Androgens; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002455:Cell Division / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000235:genetics; D000072482:Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000728:Androgens; C000607071:RARA protein, human; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D000072482:Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha; C082925:retinoic acid receptor beta; D019207:beta Carotene