title: Abuse of supraphysiologic doses of anabolic steroids.
abstract: The following article is a literature review of supraphysiologic doses of anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS). This article contains a brief review of the history of AAS, the chemistry of the varying forms of AAS, and proposed mechanisms of action. The article then focuses on how AAS are used in an illicit manner by the general population. Terms such as "stacking" and "pyramiding" are discussed. The article concludes by looking at the major detrimental side effects, such as liver damage and cardiovascular changes, which physicians may encounter when treating AAS abusers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD, USA. dr.rcwhall@att.net
authors.forename: Ryan C W
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: Richard C W
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Hall
mesh_terms: D045930:Anabolic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D000728:Androgens / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D004300:Doping in Sports; D006801:Humans; D019338:Polypharmacy; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders; D013739:Testosterone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D045930:Anabolic Agents; D000728:Androgens; D013739:Testosterone