title: Asthma concepts in the new millennium: update in asthma pathophysiology.
abstract: This article reviewed current concepts of airway inflammation with a special emphasis on the epithelium, smooth muscle dysfunction, and airway remodeling. An alternative therapy on the importance of the airway microenvironment or epithelial mesenchymal trophic unit, myofibroblast activation, and role of growth factors was addressed. Future therapeutic strategies may involve these targets and a synergistic approach in preventing remodeling in selected asthmatic patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy and Immunology, Department of Medicine, Nassau University Medical Center, State University of New York at Stony Brook, Stony Brook, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frieri
mesh_terms: D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts; D006801:Humans; D007109:Immunity; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D004731:Endotoxins