title: Learning statistical models for annotating proteins with function information using biomedical text.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The BioCreative text mining evaluation investigated the application of text mining methods to the task of automatically extracting information from text in biomedical research articles. We participated in Task 2 of the evaluation. For this task, we built a system to automatically annotate a given protein with codes from the Gene Ontology (GO) using the text of an article from the biomedical literature as evidence.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our system relies on simple statistical analyses of the full text article provided. We learn n-gram models for each GO code using statistical methods and use these models to hypothesize annotations. We also learn a set of Naïve Bayes models that identify textual clues of possible connections between the given protein and a hypothesized annotation. These models are used to filter and rank the predictions of the n-gram models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We report experiments evaluating the utility of various components of our system on a set of data held out during development, and experiments evaluating the utility of external data sources that we used to learn our models. Finally, we report our evaluation results from the BioCreative organizers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We observe that, on the test data, our system performs quite well relative to the other systems submitted to the evaluation. From other experiments on the held-out data, we observe that (i) the Naïve Bayes models were effective in filtering and ranking the initially hypothesized annotations, and (ii) our learned models were significantly more accurate when external data sources were used during learning.
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Sciences, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53706, USA. sray@cs.wisc.edu
authors.forename: Soumya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Craven
mesh_terms: D001499:Bayes Theorem; D035843:Biomedical Research / Q000145:classification / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019295:Computational Biology / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005796:Genes; D015233:Models, Statistical; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010506:Periodicals as Topic; D011506:Proteins / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D014956:Writing
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins