title: Phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipase C of Bacillus anthracis down-modulates the immune response.
abstract: Phosphatidylinositol-specific phospholipases (PI-PLCs) are virulence factors produced by many pathogenic bacteria, including Bacillus anthracis and Listeria monocytogenes. Bacillus PI-PLC differs from Listeria PI-PLC in that it has strong activity for cleaving GPI-anchored proteins. Treatment of murine DCs with Bacillus, but not Listeria, PI-PLC inhibited dendritic cell (DC) activation by TLR ligands. Infection of mice with Listeria expressing B. anthracis PI-PLC resulted in a reduced Ag-specific CD4 T cell response. These data indicate that B. anthracis PI-PLC down-modulates DC function and T cell responses, possibly by cleaving GPI-anchored proteins important for TLR-mediated DC activation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104.
authors.forename: Lauren A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Zenewicz
authors.forename: Zhengyu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Howard
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Goldfine
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001408:Bacillus anthracis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D001409:Bacillus cereus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000276:immunology*; D017261:Glycosylphosphatidylinositols / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D008024:Ligands; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000276:immunology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology; D043265:Phosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D054801:Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D017261:Glycosylphosphatidylinositols; D008024:Ligands; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D037521:Virulence Factors; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D054801:Phosphoinositide Phospholipase C; D043265:Phosphatidylinositol Diacylglycerol-Lyase