title: Mitral valve repair for active culture positive infective endocarditis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the clinical and echocardiographic outcome after mitral valve (MV) repair for active culture positive infective MV endocarditis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1996 and 2004, 36 patients (mean (SD) age 53 (18) years) with positive blood culture up to three weeks before surgery (or positive culture of material removed at operation) and intraoperative evidence of endocarditis underwent MV repair. Staphylococci and streptococci were the most common pathogens. All patients had moderate or severe mitral regurgitation (MR). Mean New York Heart Association (NYHA) class was 2.3 (1.0). Follow up was complete (mean 38 (19) months).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Operative mortality was 2.8% (one patient). At follow up, endocarditis has not recurred. One patient developed severe recurrent MR and underwent valve replacement and one patient had moderate MR. There were two late deaths, both non-cardiac. Kaplan-Meier five year freedom from recurrent moderate to severe MR, freedom from repeat operation, and survival were 94 (4)%, 97 (3)%, and 93 (5)%, respectively. At the most recent review the mean NYHA class was 1.17 (0.3) (p < 0.0001). At the latest echocardiographic evaluation, left atrial diameters, left ventricular end diastolic diameter, and MV diameter were significantly reduced (p < 0.05) compared with preoperative values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MV repair for active culture positive endocarditis is associated with low operative mortality and provides satisfactory freedom from recurrent infection, freedom from repeat operation, and survival. Hence, every effort should be made to repair infected MVs and valves should be replaced only when repair is not possible.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac Surgery, Glenfield Hospital, University of Leicester, Leicester, UK.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Doukas
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oc
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alexiou
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Sosnowski
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Samani
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Spyt
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004452:Echocardiography; D004697:Endocarditis, Bacterial / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000601:surgery*; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000382:microbiology / Q000601:surgery*; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents