Extended release amoxicillin/clavulanate: optimizing a product for respiratory infections based on pharmacodynamic principles.
Acute bacterial respiratory tract infections cause a great deal of human morbidity and mortality. Treatment guidelines for these infections include macrolides, doxycycline, beta-lactams and beta-lactam/beta-lactamase inhibitor combinations such as amoxicillin/clavulanic acid to provide coverage for the common respiratory pathogens, including penicillin and macrolide nonsusceptible Streptococcus pneumoniae, as well as beta-lactamase-producing Haemophilus influenzae and Moraxella catarrhalis. In response to recent guidelines recommending higher dose amoxicillin to extend coverage to a higher percentage of S. pneumoniae, a new formulation of amoxicillin/clavulanic acid was developed. This formulation includes a higher amoxicillin dose, with part of the amoxicillin dose being in an extended release formulation, without increasing the clavulanate dose, for twice-daily oral treatment of these infections. Clinical studies of community-acquired pneumonia and acute rhinosinusitis have shown that the new formulation is well tolerated and highly efficacious, with clinical outcomes equivalent to comparators.
Jacobs
Michael R
MR
Department of Pathology, University Hospitals of Cleveland, Case Western Reserve University, 11100 Euclid Avenue, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA. mrj6@cwru.edu
D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D006801:Humans; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination