title: Results of pars plana vitrectomy in closed-globe injuries.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess surgical and visual outcomes with pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) in closed-globe injuries resulting in anterior and posterior segment pathologies and evaluate the factors influencing the prognosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective observational study. Forty-seven eyes of 47 consecutive patients who underwent PPV because of closed-globe injury between January 1992 and August 2003 were reviewed. Surgical and visual outcomes and prognostic factors were analyzed according to the Ocular Trauma Classification System.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preoperative visual acuity was less than 4/200 in 49% of eyes, classified as grades IV to V. After surgery, this ratio was 23% (P < .05). Final visual acuity was statistically significantly better in grade I (P = .0001), grade II (P = .002), and relative afferent pupillary defect-negative (P = .0001) injuries. Maculopathy was the most common adverse outcome influencing final visual acuity (32%), followed by secondary glaucoma (13%) and proliferative vitreoretinopathy (8%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PPV is a favorable treatment modality in severe closed-globe injuries. Assessment of injuries with respect to the Ocular Trauma Classification System seemed to predict visual outcomes in this series.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Haydarpasa Training Hospital, Gülhane Military Medical Academy, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Dilaver
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ersanli
authors.forename: Melih
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Unal
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aydin
authors.forename: Oguz
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gulecek
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kalemoglu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000869:Anterior Eye Segment / Q000293:injuries; D002648:Child; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D005131:Eye Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012160:Retina / Q000293:injuries; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014821:Vitrectomy; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000293:injuries; D014949:Wounds, Nonpenetrating / Q000601:surgery*