title: Changes in the atmospheric deposition of acidifying compounds in the UK between 1986 and 2001.
abstract: Emissions of a precursor of acidity in precipitation, sulphur dioxide (SO2), declined in the UK and the EU (15) by 71% and 72%, respectively, between 1986 and 2001, while nitrous oxide emissions declined by about 40%. Acidity in UK precipitation and the deposition of sulphate in precipitation halved during this period, but reductions were larger in the English Midlands than at the west coast and in high rainfall areas (>2000 mm). There is evidence that the smaller reductions in sulphur deposition in the west and south are due in part to shipping sources of SO2. Reductions in sulphur dry deposition (74%) are larger than in wet deposition (45%), due to changes in the canopy resistance to dry deposition. For reduced nitrogen, there has been a small (10%) reduction in emissions and deposition, while for oxidized nitrogen, a substantial reduction in emissions (40%) occurred but wet deposition of nitrate changed by less than 10%.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Bush Estate, Penicuik, Midlothian, EH26 0QB, UK. dfo@ceh.ac.uk
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.forename: R I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: J B A
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Muller
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hayman
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Vincent
mesh_terms: D015258:Acid Rain; D000392:Air Movements; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005843:Geography; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009609:Nitrous Oxide / Q000032:analysis*; D012767:Ships; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide / Q000032:analysis*; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D015258:Acid Rain; D000393:Air Pollutants; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide; D009609:Nitrous Oxide