Enrichment of low-molecular-weight proteins from biofluids for biomarker discovery.
The dramatic progress in mass spectrometry-based methods of protein identification has triggered a new quest for disease-associated biomarkers. Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry and its variant surface-enhanced laser desorption/ionization mass spectrometry, provide effective means to explore the less studied information slice of the human serum proteome -- low-molecular-weight proteins and peptides. These low-molecular-weight proteins and peptides are promising for the detection of important biomarkers. Due to the significant experimental problems imposed by high-abundance and high-molecular-weight proteins, it is important to effectively remove these species prior to mass spectrometry analysis of the low-molecular-weight serum and plasma proteomes. In this review, the advantages afforded by recently introduced methods for prefractionation of serum, as they pertain to the detection and identification of biomarkers, will be discussed.
Chertov
Oleg
O
Protein Chemistry Laboratory, National Cancer Institute, SAIC-Frederick Inc., PO Box B, Frederick, MD 21702, USA. oleg@ncifcrf.gov
Simpson
John T
JT
Biragyn
Arya
A
Conrads
Thomas P
TP
Veenstra
Timothy D
TD
Fisher
Robert J
RJ
D000097:Acetonitriles; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008970:Molecular Weight; D011506:Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012997:Solvents; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
D000097:Acetonitriles; D015415:Biomarkers; D001798:Blood Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D012709:Serum Albumin; D012997:Solvents; C032159:acetonitrile