title: [Gene expression profile of refractory acute myeloid leukemia (M2a)].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recurrence is the major cause of treatment failure of acute myeloid leukemia (AML). At recurrence, some patients show changes in immunophenotype and cytogenetics. Drug resistance, the main cause of refractoriness of AML, is related to abnormal genes expression. This study was to detect differential expression of genes in naive and recurrent/refractory AML, and explore potential mechanisms of recurrent/refractory AML.
  
  
  METHODS
  Differential gene expressions of bone marrow mononuclear cells between naive and recurrent/refractory diseases in 5 self-paired patients with AML-M(2a) were detected by DNA microarray.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 925 tested genes, 14 were differentially expressed between naive and recurrent/refractory diseases in the 5 self-paired patients. Of the 14 genes, 12 (involved in signal transduction, DNA replication, regulation of transcription, RNA processing, and regulation of cell cycle) were obviously up-regulated in recurrent diseases, and up-regulation of RRM1 (involved in DNA replication) was the most obvious.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Development of recurrent/refractory AML-M(2a) is concerned with various genes. Up-regulation of these genes suggests that proliferation of recurrent/refractory AML-M(2a) blasts may be higher than that of naive AML-M(2a) blasts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Nanfang Hospital, South China Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510515, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Jia-Ming
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Fan-Yi
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: An-Wei
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012008:Recurrence; D012262:Ribonucleoside Diphosphate Reductase; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C475286:RRM1 protein, human; D012262:Ribonucleoside Diphosphate Reductase