title: Intraoperative radiation therapy in recurrent ovarian cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate disease outcomes and complications in patients with recurrent ovarian cancer treated with cytoreductive surgery and intraoperative radiation therapy (IORT).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study of 24 consecutive patients with ovarian carcinoma who underwent secondary cytoreduction and intraoperative radiation therapy at our institution between 1994 and 2002 was conducted. After optimal cytoreductive surgery, IORT was delivered with orthovoltage X-rays (200 kVp) using individually sized and beveled cone applications. Outcomes measures were local control of disease, progression-free interval, overall survival, and treatment-related complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of these 24 patients, 22 were available for follow-up analysis. Additional treatment at the time of and after IORT included whole abdominopelvic radiation, 9; pelvic or locoregional radiation, 5; chemotherapy, 6; and no adjuvant treatment, 2. IORT doses ranged from 9-14 Gy (median, 12 Gy). The anatomic sites treated were pelvis (sidewalls, vaginal cuff, presacral area, anterior pubis), para-aortic and paracaval lymph node beds, inguinal region, or porta hepatitis. At a median follow-up of 24 months, 5 patients remain free of disease, whereas 17 patients have recurred, of whom 4 are alive with disease and 13 died from disease. Five patients recurred within the radiation fields for a locoregional relapse rate of 32% and 12 patients recurred at distant sites with a median time to recurrence of 13.7 months. Five-year overall survival was 22% with a median survival of 26 months from time of IORT. Nine patients (41%) experienced Grade 3 toxicities from their treatments.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In carefully selected patients with locally recurrent ovarian cancer, combined IORT and tumor reductive surgery is reasonably tolerated and may contribute to achieving local control and disease palliation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gynecologic Oncology, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA, USA. ostbeast@stanford.edu
authors.forename: O W Stephanie
authors.initials: OW
authors.lastname: Yap
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kapp
authors.forename: Nelson N H
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.forename: Amreen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Husain
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery