title: A clinicopathologic study of primary adenosquamous carcinoma of the liver.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adenosquamous carcinoma (ASC) is a rare tumor of the liver, which carries a poor prognosis. In this study, we reviewed reported cases of ASC and examined their clinicopathologic features.
  
  
  METHODS
  A computer MEDLINE search found 65 histologically defined primary ASC cases reported in the literature from 1975 to 2003, including our case. Of these, detailed data were obtained for 42 cases, and these were subsequently investigated clinicopathologically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 42 cases, 34 were reported to have died of ASC and 5 cases were alive at the time of the study. The mean survival of these 34 cases was 8.7 months. Multivariate analysis revealed that lymph node metastasis and the elevation of total bilirubin were associated with poor survival after surgery, and lymph node metastasis, intrahepatic metastasis, location of tumor in the right lobe, and the pathologic stage were significant factors for all cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current study highlights the prognostic factors of ASC of the liver, showing that the prognosis for patients with ASC is poor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Tumor Surgery, Kochi Medical School, Nankoku, Japan. kobayasm@kochi-ms.ac.jp
authors.forename: Michiya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Takehiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okabayashi
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Namikawa
authors.forename: Keijiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Araki
mesh_terms: D018196:Carcinoma, Adenosquamous / Q000473:pathology*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D015996:Survival Rate