title: Athelia: case report and review of the literature.
abstract: The absence of nipple-areola complex is a rare entity and is always associated with other anomalies. This paper described a case of bilateral athelia without other alterations. The atrophy of the dense mesenchyme due to absence of parathyroid hormone-related protein produced in epithelium may lead to nipple involution. Further cases should be studied to corroborate this theory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Av. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, Cep 05403-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. hap@uol.com.br
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: H R N
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Munhoz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kaimoto
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: F L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gemperlli
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Ferreira
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002754:Choanal Atresia / Q000209:etiology; D003884:Dermoid Cyst / Q000209:etiology; D004423:Ear / Q000002:abnormalities; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009558:Nipples / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D011045:Poland Syndrome / Q000235:genetics; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012535:Scalp / Q000002:abnormalities; D016038:Skin Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D013577:Syndrome