title: ACE inhibitory activity in enzymatic hydrolysates of insect protein.
abstract: In this paper, ACE inhibitory activity in insect protein hydrolyzed by various enzymes (gastrointestinal proteases, alcalase, and thermolysin) is reported for the first time. Four insects of different insect orders were tested: Spodoptera littoralis (Lepidoptera), Bombyx mori (Lepidoptera), Schistocerca gregaria (Orthoptera), and Bombus terrestris (Hymenoptera). ACE inhibitory activity was measured by two different methods: a spectrophotometric method using FAPGG (2-furanacryloyl-phenylalanyl-glycyl-glycine) as substrate, and an HPLC method using dansyltriglycine (DTG) as substrate. Hydrolysis of the insect protein resulted in an increased ACE inhibitory activity. Overall, the highest ACE inhibitory activity was obtained after gastrointestinal digestion. These results suggest a role for insect protein as antihypertensive component in functional foods and nutraceuticals. Furthermore, the ACE inhibitory activity differed according to the method used. As a consequence, there is a need to standardize methodologies to evaluate ACE inhibitory activity.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Agrozoology, Department of Crop Protection, and Laboratory of Food Science, Faculty of Bioscience Engineering, Ghent University, Belgium. lieselot.vercruysse@ugent.be
authors.forename: Lieselot
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vercruysse
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Smagghe
authors.forename: Griet
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Herregods
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Van Camp
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D012831:Bombyx / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006110:Grasshoppers / Q000737:chemistry; D006868:Hydrolysis; D006927:Hymenoptera / Q000737:chemistry; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D018411:Spodoptera / Q000737:chemistry; D013381:Subtilisins / Q000378:metabolism; D013820:Thermolysin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D019476:Insect Proteins; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; D013381:Subtilisins; D013820:Thermolysin