title: Genetic origin and imprinting in hydatidiform moles. Comparison between DNA polymorphism analysis and immunoreactivity of p57KIP2.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether p57KIP2 expression is concordant with the result of DNA polymorphism analysis in molar pregnancy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven molar pregnancies diagnosed by pathologic findings between October 2002 and April 2004 were studied. Histopathologic diagnosis, DNA polymorphism analysis and p57KIP2 immunohistochemistry were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DNA polymorphism analysis identified 3 biparental conceptuses as well as 4 dispermic androgenetic complete moles (CMs) and 4 suggestive monospermic CMs. Distinctly positive nuclear immunoreactivity of p57KIP2 was observed in a significant proportion of the villous cytotrophoblast and mesenchyme (30-60% of cells positive) in 3 cases of biparental conceptuses proven by DNA polymorphism. In contrast, p57KIP2 expression was negative (< 5% positive cells) in either the villous cytotrophoblast or mesenchyme in 8 cases of androgenetic conceptuses proven by DNA polymorphism. In all 11, p57KIP2 immunostaining was observed in the nuclei of extravillous trophoblasts that served as internal positive controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Negative p57KIP2 immunoreactivity (paternally imprinted, maternally expressed gene) was in perfect concordance with the androgenetic origin of molar pregnancies proven by DNA polymorphism. The results suggest that p57KIP2 immunoreactivity, which can be performed in routine pathologic examinations, is a promising ancillary diagnostic tool to differentiate androgenetic CM from biparental conceptuses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Reproductive Medicine and Molecular Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba, Japan. mkihara@restaff.chiba-u.jp
authors.forename: Maki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kihara
authors.forename: Hideo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Katsuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seki
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagai
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wake
authors.forename: Souei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sekiya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D050761:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D018392:Genomic Imprinting; D006801:Humans; D006828:Hydatidiform Mole / Q000235:genetics*; D007118:Immunoassay; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011247:Pregnancy; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C493964:CDKN1C protein, human; D050761:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p57; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D004247:DNA