title: A retrospective study of the diagnoses and survival of elk admitted to a large animal referral clinic.
abstract: Information for veterinarians regarding diseases of farmed elk remains scarce despite an increase in the size of the industry. This retrospective study examines all (n=245) elk cases admitted to the Western College of Veterinary Medicine over an 11-year period (1991 to 2001). Age, gender, date of admission, diagnosis, and outcome were examined. Diarrhea, fractures, and other musculoskeletal problems were most common. Most (76%) cases involved elk under 1 y of age; these were more commonly diagnosed with fractures or diarrheal disease. Elk older than 1 y of age tended to be diagnosed with fractures or noninfectious diseases. Overall, the most common diagnosis was fractures, which were seen mostly as traumatic catastrophic long bone fractures. Fractures and other musculoskeletal problems occurred towards the end of summer and into the fall, while diarrhea and other infectious diseases were diagnosed in young elk in the spring and summer. The in-hospital case fatality rate was 33.5%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Large Animal Clinical Sciences, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, Saskatchewan. keppiena@cvm.msu.edu
authors.forename: Nathan J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Keppie
authors.forename: Jonathan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Naylor
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002170:Canada / Q000453:epidemiology; D002423:Cause of Death; D003141:Communicable Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary*; D003670:Deer; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012621:Seasons; D016896:Treatment Outcome