title: Short-course chemotherapy for paediatric respiratory tuberculosis: 5-year report.
abstract: This report presents the 5-year follow-up of 137 children with respiratory tuberculosis enrolled in a randomised clinical trial of two different anti-tuberculosis regimens 9HR and 2HRZ3/4RH2. Both regimens had similar cure rates, with low relapse rates and mortality. Of 134 children followed up to 5 years, 86% had normal radiographs, with more sequelae in the 9HR group (15% vs. 1.5%, P < 0.01). One patient relapsed and there was one accidental death. Short-course chemotherapy in children is safe, effective and well tolerated, and leads to excellent long-term results, with a small proportion of children left with radiological sequelae.
authors.affiliation: Division of HIV/AIDS, Tuberculosis Research Center (Indian Council of Medical Research), Chetput, Chennai 600031, India. doctorsoumya@yahoo.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Swaminathan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Raghavan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Duraipandian
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Kripasankar
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ramachandran
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011718:Pyrazinamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D012293:Rifampin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D011718:Pyrazinamide; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin