title: Exploration of glenohumeral instability under anesthesia: the shoulder jerk test.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to develop a new protocol for the performance of jerk tests under anesthesia, and to study its correlation to intra-articular pathology and the diagnosis of a lax or unstable shoulder.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a systematic examination, in the office as well as under anesthesia, of 300 patients (600 shoulders) divided into 3 homogeneous groups: 100 presented with instability resulting from recurrent dislocation of one or both shoulders, 100 presented with alternative shoulder symptomatology without signs of instability, and a further 100 underwent surgery for other locomotor system pathologies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The following statistical sensitivity values were found: anterior jerk, 90.7%; inferior jerk, 96.2%. Correct interpretation of jerk tests under anesthesia will help us decide the type and scope of required surgical therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Level III, Diagnostic Study of Nonconsecutive Patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Traumatology and Orthopaedic Surgery, The Donostia Hospital, University of Basque Country, San Sebastián, Spain. rcuellar@chdo.osakidetza.net
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cuéllar
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Gaspar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: de la Herrán
authors.forename: Jaime
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Usabiaga
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D001182:Arthroscopy; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology; D009207:Myoclonus / Q000503:physiopathology; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery