title: Prognosis or "curabo effect?": physician prediction and patient outcome of surgery for low back pain and sciatica.
abstract: METHODS
  Prospective study with patient and physician questionnaires, clinical records, and imaging.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare physician expectations of surgery for sciatica and patient outcome.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Physician accuracy in identifying individual patient prognosis is important for therapeutic decisions.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 197 consecutive patients with low back pain and/or sciatica who underwent low back surgery in the University Hospital of Lausanne, Switzerland.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Physicians predicted "a great improvement" of quality of life after surgery for 79% and "moderate improvement" for 20% (1% others); 39% of patients had no "minimal clinically important difference" in back pain after surgery, despite physician prediction of "great improvement." Correlations between physician expectation and various dimensions of patient outcome were not significant, and agreement with patient global judgment of 1-year outcome was poor (kappa = 0.03). However, in a subgroup where the indication for treatment was not considered appropriate, physician prediction of "great improvement" was followed by greater improvement outcome on SF-36 mental component score (P = 0.05), mental health (0.02), and general health (0.03) compared with patients where the physician did not predict "great improvement."
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite clear average improvement, surgeons tended to give overly optimistic predictions that were not correlated with patient outcome. For patients receiving a treatment not meeting explicit criteria of appropriateness, more optimistic physician expectation was associated with better improvement of psychological dimensions. Besides prognostic ability, the influence of physician expectation on patient outcome is discussed and the concept of "curabo effect" (differentiated from "placebo effect") proposed.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Social and Preventive Medicine, University of Lausanne Medical Centre, Lausanne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Bertrand
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Graz
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Wietlisbach
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Porchet
authors.forename: John-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Vader
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009985:Orthopedics; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010819:Physician's Role; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D012585:Sciatica / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D016896:Treatment Outcome