title: Prevention of osteoporosis: a randomized clinical trial to increase calcium intake in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the efficacy of a behavioral intervention (BI) compared to an enhanced standard of care (ESC) dietary counseling on increasing dietary calcium (Ca) intake in children with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Three-day food diaries collected at baseline and posttreatment were analyzed for Ca intake in 49 children with JRA randomly assigned to either BI or an ESC treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Children in the BI (N = 25) demonstrated a significantly greater increase in average dietary Ca intake (M = 839) than children in the ESC (N = 24; M = 420) (F = 14.39; p < .001). Post hoc analysis revealed that children in both groups demonstrated significant gains in dietary Ca intake baseline to posttreatment. A significantly greater percentage of children in the BI (92%) attained the goal of 1500 mg/Ca at posttreatment compared to the ESC (17%), X2= 28.09; p < .001.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Behavioral intervention can have a positive impact on increasing dietary Ca intake. Future research will need to evaluate the maintenance of gains in dietary Ca intake following treatment cessation and the impact of increased Ca intake on bone mineral density.
authors.affiliation: Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Division of Psychology, SEC-4, Cincinnati, Ohio 45229, USA. lori.stark@chmcc.org
authors.forename: Lori J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Stark
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Janicke
authors.forename: Ann M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: McGrath
authors.forename: Laura M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Mackner
authors.forename: Kevin A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Hommel
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lovell
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001171:Arthritis, Juvenile / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003376:Counseling / Q000379:methods; D003710:Demography; D015930:Diet Records; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary