title: Grip width and the organization of force output.
abstract: The authors investigated the structure of force production and variability as a function of grip configuration and width during precision grasping. Variability was studied in absolute (standard deviation) and relative (coefficient of variation) terms; in addition, the authors used approximate entropy to examine regularity. In Experiment 1, the participants (N = 14) used a 2-digit grasp (thumb, index), whereas in Experiment 2, the participants (N = 11) used a 3-digit grasp (thumb, index, middle). The level and regularity of force increased with grip width. The amount of variability was least at narrow grip widths for 2-digit grasping and greatest at narrow grip widths for 3-digit grasping. That pattern of findings is not necessitated by the mechanical equilibrium of grasping; thus, it also reflected adaptive neural reorganization of force output to task demands.
authors.affiliation: Department of Kinesiology, 266 Recreation Building, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA. kxj12@psu.edu
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jordan
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Pataky
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Newell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D018737:Hand Strength; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012858:Size Perception; D014584:User-Computer Interface