title: Mechanical assessment of effects of grape seed proanthocyanidins extract on tibial bone diaphysis in rats.
abstract: We studied the effects of grape seed proanthocyanidins extract (GSPE) given as a ratio of 3 mg in 100 g in a standard diet, on the tibial bone diaphysis in low-calcium fed rats. Measurements of bone density, mineral content, geometry, and bone strength using peripheral quantitative computed tomography (pQCT). Further, the whole tibia bones were tested for mechanical resistance using a material-testing machine, and mineral elements were also determined. Forty male Wistar rats, 5 weeks old, were divided into control (Co), low-calcium diet (LC), low-calcium diet . standard diet (LCS), and low-calcium diet . standard diet with supplementary GSPE (LCSG) groups. We found no significant differences in body weight among the 4 groups, whereas all of the bone parameters in LC were significantly lower than those in Co (p<0.01, except in periosteal perimeter (Peri) p<0.05). The cortical bone mineral content (CtBMC), cortical bone density (CtvBMD) and Peri in LCSG were significantly higher than those in LCS (p<0.01; p<0.01; p<0.05, respectively). All bone parameters in LCSG were significantly higher than those in LC (p<0.01, except in Peri, and stress strain index to reference axis x (xSSI) p<0.05)). In addition, Ca, P, and Zn contents in LCSG were significantly higher than those in LCS (p<0.01; p<0.01; p<0.05, respectively). Our results suggest that GSPE included in a diet mixture with calcium has a beneficial effect on bone formation and bone strength for the treatment of bone debility caused by a low level of calcium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Dentistry, Kyushu Dental College, Manazuru, Kokurakita-ku, Kitakyushu, Japan.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yahara
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tofani
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kimura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects*; D002118:Calcium / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism; D018483:Diaphyses / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004032:Diet; D008297:Male; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013977:Tibia / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D027843:Vitis
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D002118:Calcium