title: Professional and veterinary competencies: addressing human relations and the human-animal bond in veterinary medicine.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine the nature and degree of coverage of human relations and the human-animal bond in veterinary curricula across North America. The attitudes and opinions of a cohort of veterinary students and alumni about human relations skills and human-animal bond training in the veterinary program was also investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty veterinary schools across North America were contacted and data were collected regarding their coverage of human relations and the human-animal bond in the curriculum. A survey was developed to measure attitudes and opinions about this type of training. The survey was disseminated to students in years 1 to 4 and alumni from the Ontario Veterinary College (OVC). Data were analyzed descriptively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Based on availability of contact people, 20 schools in North America were contacted, and all participated in the study. Each of the veterinary schools surveyed has incorporated strategies for teaching human relations skills through required courses, electives, guest speakers, and/or community service programs. The overall participation rate for OVC students was 53%. Ninety-nine percent of all students surveyed agreed that their ability to deal with people using effective human relations skills was a concern, and all students said they would like to receive more training in this area. There was a 41% participation rate for OVC alumni. Fifty-five percent of alumni said they had learned enough in the veterinary program to employ effective human relations skills in practice, yet 65% felt they had not received enough instruction in addressing the human-animal bond specifically.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is apparent that veterinary schools recognize the need to prepare entry-level practitioners to deal with the human-animal bond and with human relations. It is also evident that students and practitioners value receiving information of this nature in the curriculum and desire further training. Specific learning objectives for veterinary curricula have been outlined based on findings from this study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Population Medicine, Ontario Veterinary College, Guelph, ON, N1G 2W1, Canada. cladams@ovc.uoguelph.ca
authors.forename: Cindy L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Adams
authors.forename: Peter D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Conlon
authors.forename: Kendra C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Long
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003479:Curriculum; D004520:Education, Veterinary; D005260:Female; D001841:Human-Animal Bond; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012582:Schools, Veterinary; D014481:United States