title: Genistein derivatives as selective estrogen receptor modulators: sonochemical synthesis and in vivo anti-osteoporotic action.
abstract: Genistein derivatives were synthesized from genistein through a facile sonochemical approach in high yields. The bioassay was performed on ovariectomized (OVX) rats in terms of bone mineral density (BMD) and the weight of bone ash (WBA) to lead to the discovery of eight novel genistein-based selective estrogen receptor modulators. Attention to the structure-activity relationship disclosed that the newly introduced 2-hydroxyethylthio scaffolds were essential for the anti-osteoporotic activity. Moreover, the anti-osteoporotic action of genistein, deprivable by methylation, could be restored and enhanced by subsequent sulfonation. The most promising compound was 4',5,7-tri[3-(2-hydroxyethylthio)propoxy]isoflavone, displaying 24% (or 8%) increment in BMD and 31% (or 11%) increase in WBA of the femora relative to those discerned with the OVX (or genistein) group. Acute toxicity test showed that none of the active compounds was acutely toxic.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Functional Biomolecules, State Key Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, PR China.
authors.forename: Shi F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yong H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ren X
authors.initials: RX
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005269:Femur / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D019833:Genistein / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000633:toxicity; D051379:Mice; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010052:Ovariectomy; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000097:blood; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D013010:Sonication; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D014599:Uterus / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators; D010758:Phosphorus; D019833:Genistein; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002118:Calcium