title: [Seroepidemiological survey of the human immunodeficiency Virus, type 2].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To perform a seroepidemiological study and identify associated factors in a population infected by Human Immunodeficiency Virus, type 2 (HIV-2). A total of 2202 individuals were tested to determine the seroprevalence of this virus.
  
  
  METHODS
  A nine-years retrospective study was performed in 211 HIV-2 seropositives screened by ELISA and confirmed by Western Blot analysis. Eighty-two individuals were analised by synthetic peptides and 15 had an antibody pattern of double reactivity to HIV-1 and HIV-2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the HIV-2 - infected individuals was 37.44+/-14.83 years (men 38,34+/-17,18 years; women 36,77+/-12,89 years). There were 23.7% infection cases (95% CI, 18.1-30.0) in the age group 40-49 years. The infection was higher in females 57.8% (95% CI, 50.8-64.6) than in males 42.2% (95% CI, 35.4-49.2). HIV-2 infection in Blacks was 61.6 % (95% CI, 54.7-68.2). In respects to their geographical origin, the Portuguese represented 51.7% (95% CI, 44.7-58.6) followed by Guinean (Bissau) with 26.5% (95% CI, 20.7-33.0). The main mode of transmission of HIV-2 infection appears to be heterosexual transmission with 59.3% (95% CI, 47.8-70.1). Most of the evaluated individuals 54.3% (95% CI, 46.6-61.9) were classified as CDC stage II. HIV-2 seroprevalence was 1%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In considering the comparative data on the two periods of 4.5 years each, an increase of the infection in Caucasians from 32.4% to 43.4% was seen as well as a reduction in Blacks from 67.6% to 55.7%. An increase in asymptomatic persons and a reduction in the CDC stage IV/C1 was also observed. This study emphasis the need to continue efforts to decrease transmission of HIV-2 that should be directed toward epidemic and endemic regions and education about the risks of sexual transmission and how to decrease transmission by this route.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Virologia e Biopatologia Molecular. Hospital de Santa Maria, Lisboa.
authors.forename: Marília L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Pedro
authors.forename: Hugo H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Marques
authors.forename: Luísa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Sêco
authors.forename: Armindo E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Assunção
authors.forename: Bernardete N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Kuan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015528:HIV Seroprevalence; D015498:HIV-2; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies