title: Definitive surgery and multiagent systemic therapy for patients with localized Ewing sarcoma family of tumors: local outcome and prognostic factors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The local management of Ewing sarcoma family of tumors (ESFT) often centers on the surgical resectability of the primary lesion and physician biases regarding differences in the morbidity between primary surgical and radiotherapeutic management.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors retrospectively reviewed the records of 33 patients with localized ESFT who underwent surgery and received systemic chemotherapy at St. Jude Children's Research Hospital (Memphis, TN). Two multiagent systemic chemotherapy regimens were used: 14 patients received vincristine, doxorubicin, cyclophosphamide, and actinomycin D (VACA), and 19 received VACA in combination with ifosphamide and etoposide. The primary tumor was surgically resected via a wide, local excision (n = 32) or a marginal excision (n = 1)performed either at diagnosis or after 3-5 months of systemic chemotherapy. Clinical outcome and prognostic factors for disease control were reported in the current study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median follow-up for patients was 9.9 years. The 5-year and 10-year survival rates were 84.5% and 75.8%, respectively. At 5 years, the cumulative incidence of local disease recurrence was 12.5%, and the event-free survival (EFS) rate was 71.7%. The same values were found at 10 years. The site of tumor origin was a significant predictor of EFS. The survival rate of patients whose tumors arose in bone was 78.6%, and the survival rate of patients whose tumors originated in soft tissue was 25.0% (P = 0.028). No other factors investigated were predictive of outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Local disease control and overall outcome for patients with ESFT managed by multiagent systemic therapy and surgery was excellent. Local disease control rates remained near 90% at 10-year follow-up. Patients with extraosseous primary sites of disease may fare less well with this approach to therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiological Sciences, St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Memphis, Tennessee 38105, USA. matthew.krasin@stjude.org
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Krasin
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Davidoff
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodriguez-Galindo
authors.forename: Catherine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Billups
authors.forename: Christine E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Fuller
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Neel
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Merchant
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant / Q000379:methods; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005047:Etoposide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007069:Ifosfamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012512:Sarcoma, Ewing / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D003609:Dactinomycin; D014750:Vincristine; D005047:Etoposide; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D007069:Ifosfamide