title: N4,N9-dioleoyl spermine is a novel nonviral lipopolyamine vector for plasmid DNA formulation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effect of synthesized N4,N9-dioleoyl spermine on DNA condensation and then measure its transfection efficiency in cell culture.
  
  
  METHODS
  The lipopolyamine was synthesized from the naturally occurring polyamine spermine. The ability of this novel compound to condense DNA was studied using ethidium bromide fluorescence quenching and light scattering assays. Transfection efficiency was studied in primary skin cells (FEK4) and in an immortalized cancer cell line (HtTA), and compared with the commercially available transfection formulations Lipofectin and Lipofectamine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The synthesized N4,N9-dioleoyl spermine formula is efficient at condensing calf thymus and circular plasmid DNA and effectively transfects both primary skin cells and cancer cell lines at low charge ratios of (+/- ammonium/phosphate) 2.5.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  N4,N9-Dioleoyl spermine condenses DNA and achieves high transfection levels in cultured cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath, BA2 7AY, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Osama A A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Noppadon
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Adjimatera
authors.forename: Charareh
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pourzand
authors.forename: Ian S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Blagbrough
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004247:DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D004996:Ethidium / Q000737:chemistry; D005079:Excipients; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D008081:Liposomes; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics*; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D013096:Spermine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D005079:Excipients; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008081:Liposomes; C505141:N4,N9-dioleoylspermine; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D013096:Spermine; D004247:DNA; D004996:Ethidium; C022616:thiazolyl blue