title: CSF proteome: a protein repository for potential biomarker identification.
abstract: Proteomic analysis is not limited to the analysis of serum or tissues. Synovial, peritoneal, pericardial and cerebrospinal fluid represent unique proteomes for disease diagnosis and prognosis. In particular, cerebrospinal fluid serves as a rich source of putative biomarkers that are not solely limited to neurologic disorders. Peptides, proteolytic fragments and antibodies are capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier, thus providing a repository of pathologic information. Proteomic technologies such as immunoblotting, isoelectric focusing, 2D gel electrophoresis and mass spectrometry have proven useful for deciphering this unique proteome. Cerebrospinal fluid proteins are generally less abundant than their corresponding serum counterparts, necessitating the development and use of sensitive analytical techniques. This review highlights some of the promising areas of cerebrospinal fluid proteomic research and their clinical applications.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pathology, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, 9000 Rockville Pike, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. romeoma@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Martin J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Romeo
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Espina
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lowenthal
authors.forename: Benjamin H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Espina
authors.forename: Emanuel F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Petricoin
authors.forename: Lance A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Liotta
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D002559:Cerebrospinal Fluid Rhinorrhea / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D007562:Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D003704:Dementia / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000502:physiology; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D009072:Moyamoya Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D009748:Nutrition Disorders / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D020362:Paraneoplastic Cerebellar Degeneration / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D040901:Proteomics / Q000639:trends*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002556:Cerebrospinal Fluid Proteins; D020738:Leptin