title: Reverse obliquity and transverse fractures of the trochanteric region of the femur; a review of 101 cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Reverse obliquity and transverse fractures of the proximal femur represent a distinct fracture pattern in which the mechanical forces displace the femur medially thus increasing the risk of fixation failure. There is a paucity of published literature in this area of trauma. This study constitutes the largest series of such fractures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected data from a single institution, 101 reverse obliquity and transverse fracture patterns were identified from 3336 consecutive hip fractures. All surviving patients were followed up for 1 year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 100 patients treated operatively, 59 were treated with 135 degrees sliding hip screws (SHS), 19 with a Medoff plates modification of the SHS, three with a sliding hip screw and trochanteric stabilising plate and 19 with intramedullary sliding hip screw devices. Nine fracture fixation-healing complications occurred, with cut-out being the commonest complication (seven cases). Cut-out of the implant was associated with femoral medialisation and a larger tip to apex distance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This fracture pattern is a challenge for the orthopaedic surgeon with a high risk of fracture healing complications. The 135 degrees SHS and the intramedullary devices had similar failure rates.
authors.affiliation: East Anglian Orthopaedic Rotation, 65 Caernarvon Road, Norwich NR2 3HY, UK.
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Brammar
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kendrew
authors.forename: Riaz J K
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Martyn J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Parker
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001860:Bone Plates; D001863:Bone Screws; D005260:Female; D005594:Fracture Fixation, Intramedullary / Q000379:methods*; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017211:Treatment Failure