title: TNF-alpha enhances phenotypic and functional maturation of human epidermal Langerhans cells and induces IL-12 p40 and IP-10/CXCL-10 production.
abstract: Dendritic cells (DC) play a central role in immunity/tolerance decision, depending on their activation/maturation state. TNF-alpha is largely produced in the skin under inflammatory conditions. However, it still remains to be defined how TNF-alpha modulates the activation status of human LC, the most specialized DC controlling skin immunity. Here, we reported that fresh immature LC, highly purified from healthy human skin and exposed for two days to TNF-alpha under serum-free conditions, expressed up-regulated level of co-stimulatory molecules (CD40, CD54, CD86), maturation markers (CD83, DC-LAMP), CCR7 lymph node homing receptor, and down-regulated Langerin level, in a dose-dependent manner. This mature phenotype is closely associated with enhanced LC allostimulatory capacity. Furthermore, TNF-alpha significantly increased the number of viable LC and decreased their spontaneous apoptosis. More importantly, TNF-alpha induced LC to produce both IFN-gamma-inducible-protein IP-10/CXCL10, a Th1-attracting chemokine and IL-12 p40. Bioactive IL-12 p70 was never detected, even after additional CD40 stimulus. The results implicate LC as an effective target through which TNF-alpha may up- or down-regulate the inflammatory skin reactions.
authors.affiliation: Université Claude Bernard Lyon I, EA 37-32, Dermatologie, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Pavillon R, 69437 Lyon Cedex 03, France. berthier@lyon.inserm.fr
authors.forename: Odile
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Berthier-Vergnes
authors.forename: Fabienne
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bermond
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Flacher
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Massacrier
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.forename: Josette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Péguet-Navarro
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000032:analysis; D017209:Apoptosis; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078404:Epidermal Cells; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000378:metabolism*; D053762:Interleukin-12 Subunit p40; D007801:Langerhans Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000032:analysis; D037241:Mannose-Binding Lectins / Q000032:analysis; D010641:Phenotype; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000378:metabolism*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D000954:Antigens, Surface; C121916:CD207 protein, human; C114753:CXCL10 protein, human; D054357:Chemokine CXCL10; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D053762:Interleukin-12 Subunit p40; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D037241:Mannose-Binding Lectins; D021122:Protein Subunits; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D018664:Interleukin-12