title: Differential expression of full-length telomerase reverse transcriptase mRNA and telomerase activity between normal and malignant renal tissues.
abstract: Activation of telomerase, a key event during immortalization and malignant transformation, requires expression of the telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT). Consistently, lack of telomerase activity and hTERT expression occurs in most normal human somatic cells. However, it has been observed that both normal and cancerous renal tissues express hTERT whereas only the latter exhibits telomerase activity. The mechanism underlying the dissociation between hTERT expression and telomerase activity is unclear. In the present study, we examined telomerase activity and alternative splicing of hTERT transcripts in renal cell carcinoma (RCC) specimens and adjacent normal tissues from 33 patients with RCC. Telomerase activity was detectable in 27 of 33 (82%) RCC samples but none in their normal counterparts. Thirty-two of 33 tumors expressed overall hTERT mRNA and 27 of them contained full-length hTERT transcripts, all with telomerase activity. Although 42% (14 of 33) of normal renal samples expressed hTERT mRNA, none of them had full-length hTERT transcripts, coinciding with lack of telomerase activity. The presence of full-length hTERT mRNA and telomerase activity was significantly associated with c-MYC induction. In tumors, absence of full-length hTERT mRNA or telomerase activity defines a subgroup of nonmetastatic, early-stage RCCs. Taken together, telomerase repression in normal renal tissues is attributed to the absence of full-length hTERT transcripts, whereas telomerase activation is achieved via induction of or switch to expression of full-length hTERT mRNA during the oncogenic process of kidneys, and associated with aggressive RCCs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Department of Surgery, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Yidong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Zhaoxu
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiaolei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Peng
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Fenglan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.forename: Magnus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Björkholm
authors.forename: Astrid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gruber
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ekman
authors.forename: Dawei
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D019098:Telomerase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D019098:Telomerase