Effect of antiatherogenic L-aspartate and L-glutamate on serum lipoproteins cholesterol and apolipoproteins A-1 and B in rabbits fed with high cholesterol diet.
OBJECTIVE
It has been shown that aspartate and glutamate inhibit mononuclear cell adhesion to the endothelium and formation of foam cells in the intima of thoracic aorta in cholesterol-fed rabbits. The purpose of the present study was to investigate whether a high cholesterol diet supplemented with aspartate and glutamate may alter lipoproteins cholesterol and apolipoproteins A-1 and B levels in rabbits.


RESULTS
Serum total cholesterol (TC), high density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), triglycerides (TG), apolipoprotein A-1 (apoA-1), apolipoprotein B (apoB), atherogenic index (AI) and apoA-1/apoB ratio were determined in 17 male New Zealand white rabbits fed a cholesterol plus corn oil diet (control group) or the same diet supplemented with aspartate and glutamate (Asp+Glu group) for 4 weeks. Both diets were found to increase TC, LDL-C, apoB and AI, while apoA-1/apoB ratio was decreased compared to baseline values. TG did not seem to be affected in the 4 weeks time in both groups. There was a significant increase of HDL-C in Asp+Glu group and a marked decrease of apoA-1 in control group during the study.


CONCLUSIONS
Oral administration of aspartate and glutamate has been shown to inhibit fatty streak initiation in cholesterol-fed rabbits. The two amino acids did not have any effect on serum TC, LDL-C, TG and apoB concentrations. However, they increased HDL-C and maintained apoA-1 levels. Their antiatherogenic effect probably may be explained by different mechanisms than these related to the atherogenic lipids lowering, and it is possible to involve HDL-C and apoA-1.
Yanni
Amalia E
AE
The Laboratory of Nutrition and Clinical Dietetics, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Harokopio University, 70 El. Venizelou Av., 176 71 Athens, Greece. ayanni@hua.gr
Perrea
Despoina N
DN
Yatzidis
Hippocrates A
HA
D000818:Animals; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000097:blood / Q000187:drug effects; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood*; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D004036:Diet, Atherogenic; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D011897:Random Allocation; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D001053:Apolipoproteins; D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D014280:Triglycerides; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D002784:Cholesterol