title: Early detection of dengue infections using cluster sampling around index cases.
abstract: A two-year study using a cluster investigation method was conducted in West Jakarta, Indonesia to demonstrate the detection of dengue cases prior to onset of clinical illness. The clusters consisted of family members and neighbors of 53 hospitalized dengue index cases. Among 785 adult and child volunteers enrolled, 17 (2.2%) post-enrollment dengue (PED) infections were identified. Eight PED cases were asymptomatic and nine were symptomatic. Symptomatic cases included eight with dengue fever and one with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) (grade II). Among the eight asymptomatic PED cases, viremia was detected in two. Eleven volunteers had acute dengue infections at the time of enrollment. Four of the 11 developed DHF, resulting in a total of five DHF cases detected during the investigation. This study design can serve as a benchmark for future investigations that seek to define early immunologic events following dengue infections that contribute to the development of DHF.
authors.affiliation: Viral Diseases Program, U.S. Naval Medical Research Unit No. 2, Jakarta, Indonesia.
authors.forename: Charmagne G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Beckett
authors.forename: Herman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kosasih
authors.forename: Indra
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Faisal
authors.lastname: Nurhayati
authors.forename: Ratna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Widjaja
authors.forename: Erlin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Listiyaningsih
authors.forename: Chairin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ma'roef
authors.forename: Suharyono
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wuryadi
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bangs
authors.forename: Tatang K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Samsi
authors.forename: Djoko
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yuwono
authors.forename: Curtis G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: Kevin R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Porter
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003715:Dengue / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged