title: The effect of a dentifrice and mouth rinse combination containing amine fluoride/stannous fluoride on plaque and gingivitis: a 6-month field study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effect of amine fluoride/stannous fluoride (AmF/SnF(2))-containing dentifrice and mouth rinse on plaque formation and gingivitis as compared with habitual oral hygiene procedures with a regular sodium fluoride (NaF) dentifrice.
  
  
  METHODS
  In total, 22 general practices participated in this research project. The participants (N=281) were randomly assigned into two groups: the test group received an AmF/SnF(2) dentifrice-mouth rinse combination and the control group received a NaF-containing dentifrice. The patients were requested to brush twice daily for approximately 2 min. The subjects of the test group had to rinse additionally in the evening for 30 s with 10 ml of the mouth rinse.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both groups started with comparable scores of plaque, bleeding and staining. At 6 months, the plaque scores were 0.95 for the AmF/SnF(2) group and 0.99 for the NaF group (decrease of 16% and 10%, respectively). Bleeding scores, although significantly different from baseline, did not show differences between the two regimes. At the end of the experimental period, the overall staining was more pronounced in the AmF/SnF(2) group (41%) than the NaF group (26%). Both plaque reduction and increase in staining seemed to be correlated to the amount of mouth rinse used in the test group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In instruction-resistant patients recruited from dental practices, the combined use of AmF/SnF(2) did not decrease gingivitis at a significant level in comparison with the regular regime of two times daily brushing with an NaF-containing dentifrice. However, the above-mentioned combination resulted in greater plaque reduction than that observed with the use of the conventional dentifrice. When used according to the manufacturer's instructions, this effect on plaque scores was more pronounced.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Academic Center for Dentistry Amsterdam (ACTA), 1006 EA Amsterdam, The Netherlands. s.paraskevas@acta.nl
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Paraskevas
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Versteeg
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Timmerman
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Van der Velden
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Van der Weijden
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000588:Amines / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D003802:Dentifrices / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D006838:Hydrocarbons; D008297:Male; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010512:Periodontal Index; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014002:Tin Fluorides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014075:Tooth Discoloration / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D000588:Amines; D003802:Dentifrices; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006838:Hydrocarbons; D009067:Mouthwashes; D014002:Tin Fluorides; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; C013553:hexadecylamine