title: Aryl hydrocarbon receptor-mediated transcription: ligand-dependent recruitment of estrogen receptor alpha to 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin-responsive promoters.
abstract: Using chromatin immunoprecipitation assays, we studied the 2,3,7,8-tetrachlorodibenzo-p-dioxin (TCDD)-mediated recruitment of the aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) and several co-regulators to the CYP1A1 promoter. AhR displayed a time-dependent recruitment, reaching a peak at 75 min and maintaining promoter occupancy for the remainder of the time course. Recruitment of AhR was followed by TIF2/SRC2, which preceded CBP, histone H3 acetylation, and RNA polymerase II (RNAPII). Simultaneous recruitment to the enhancer and the TATA box region suggests the formation of a large multiprotein complex bridging the two promoter regions. Interestingly, estrogen receptor alpha (ERalpha) displayed a TCDD- and time-dependent recruitment to the CYP1A1 promoter, which was increased by co-treatment with estradiol. Transfection in HuH7 human liver cells confirmed previously reported ERalpha enhancement of AhR activity. In contrast, TCDD did not induce the recruitment of ERalpha to the estrogen-responsive pS2 promoter, and after 120 min of co-treatment with estradiol, ERalpha is still present on the CYP1A1 promoter but no longer at pS2. RNA interference studies with T47D cells support a role for ERalpha in TCDD-dependent CYP1A1 expression. Our data suggest that ERalpha acts as a coregulator of AhR-mediated transcriptional activation and that the recruitment of ERalpha by AhR represents a novel mechanism AhR-ERalpha cross talk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosciences at Novum, Karolinska Institutet, Novum 14157, Sweden. jason.matthews@biosci.ki.se
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Matthews
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wihlén
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thomsen
authors.forename: Jan-Ake
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Gustafsson
mesh_terms: D000107:Acetylation; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000235:genetics; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008024:Ligands; D008156:Luciferases / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D051958:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 2; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D016392:Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src) / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D034622:RNA Interference; D020239:Receptor Cross-Talk / Q000187:drug effects; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D006657:Histones; D008024:Ligands; C498001:NCOA2 protein, human; D051958:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 2; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D018336:Receptors, Aryl Hydrocarbon; C441328:SLA2 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; D004958:Estradiol; D008156:Luciferases; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D016392:Proto-Oncogene Proteins pp60(c-src)