title: [In vitro induction of mature dendritic cells from malignant pleural effusions].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Dendritic cells (DCs) can activate immunologic naive T cells to initiate antigen-specific immune responses. This study was to in vitro induce mature DCs from malignant pleural effusions of patients with lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Malignant pleural effusions (500-1 000 ml) were collected from 16 patients with primary lung cancer. Precursory DCs were obtained through density gradient centrifugation and magnetic cell sorting from malignant pleural effusions, and cultured with interleukin-4 (IL-4), granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha). Morphology of DCs was observed under invert optical microscope and electronic microscope; phenotype of DCs was analyzed by flow cytometry. Effect of DCs on proliferation of tumor infiltrative lymphocytes (TILs) was observed through mixed lymphocyte reaction (MLR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mature DCs with typical morphology (elongated dendritic processions observed under invert optical microscope and electronic microscope) were induced from malignant pleural effusions. Expressions of surface phenotypes were higher in DCs induced for 48 h than in DCs induced for 0, 24, 96, and 192 h. When activated with DCs, proliferation of TILs was enhanced.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mature DCs could be induced from malignant pleural effusions of patients with lung cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Tumor, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Guangzhou Medical College, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510260, P. R. China. gzhhui123@163.com
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Bo-Hang
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Zeng
authors.forename: Jing-Qi
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000473:pathology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000494:pharmacology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D016246:Lymphocytes, Tumor-Infiltrating / Q000166:cytology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016066:Pleural Effusion, Malignant / Q000473:pathology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D015847:Interleukin-4; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor