title: A novel osteotropic biomaterial OG-PLG: in vitro efficacy.
abstract: Previously, a novel osteotropic biomaterial, OG-PLG [simvastatin grafted to poly(lactide-co-glycolide), PLG], was synthesized and shown to have degradation-controlled release kinetics. The objective here was to determine the effect of grafting statins to PLG on bone regeneration in vitro. Rat bone marrow cells were stimulated in vitro with simvastatin dissolved in media, saponified simvastatin dissolved in media, simvastatin released through diffusion from emulsion freeze-dried scaffolds, and OG-PLG. Unstimulated cultures and cultures stimulated with dexamethasone were used as negative and positive controls, respectively. In vitro bone formation was assessed using the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) and von Kossa assays at different times up to 16 days. ALP analysis revealed that saponified simvastatin at 10(-7)M and OG-PLG significantly increased ALP expression at various time points. von Kossa assay showed that simvastatin, saponified simvastatin, and OG-PLG significantly enhanced mineralization, with the effect from OG-PLG being the most significant. In short, OG-PLG significantly enhanced in vitro bone cell mineralization beyond the effect of simvastatin or saponified simvastatin dissolved in media and simvastatin released via diffusion from scaffolds.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry, Division of Biomaterials, The University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, MSC 7890, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.
authors.forename: Kyumin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Whang
authors.forename: Edgar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Grageda
authors.forename: Ambereen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lawton
authors.forename: Neera
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Satsangi
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D003470:Culture Media; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D011917:Rats, Inbred Lew; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D011108:Polymers; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D019821:Simvastatin; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase