title: Effects of hexoses on in vitro oocyte maturation and embryo development in pigs.
abstract: The objective was to determine the effects of supplementing hexoses in oocyte maturation and embryo culture medium on in vitro maturation (IVM) and in vitro fertilization (IVF) of porcine oocytes and in vitro development of in vitro produced (IVP) porcine embryos. In the first experiment, oocytes were matured in vitro in modified North Carolina State University (NCSU)-37 medium, supplemented with hexoses (glucose, fructose or galactose) at various concentrations: 0 (control), 2.5, 5.5 and 10 mM. Supplementing the maturation medium with either glucose or fructose (5.5 mM) increased the percentages of oocytes that matured to metaphase II (79.4 and 70.2%, respectively), as compared with the control group (P < 0.05). However, supplementing galactose had no effects on meiotic maturation and fertilization. In the second experiment, cleaved embryos were collected 3 days after IVF of oocytes matured in the maturation medium supplemented with 5.5 mM of glucose; they were cultured for an additional 4 days in modified NCSU-37 medium, supplemented with 5.5mM of glucose, fructose or galactose. The incidence of blastocyst formation was higher (P < 0.05) in the glucose and fructose groups (18.6 and 18.2%, respectively) than in the galactose group and non-supplemented control group (12.9 and 9.2%). Moreover, fructose supplementation increased the total cell number/blastocyst (48.0 versus 37.6) and reduced the index of DNA-fragmented nucleus in the blastocysts (7.6% versus 11.8%), as compared with glucose supplementation (P < 0.05). In conclusion, fructose was a practical alternative to glucose for supporting IVM of porcine oocytes and fructose was superior to glucose for producing high-quality porcine embryos in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, The United Graduate School of Veterinary Science, Yamaguchi University, 1677-1 Yoshida, Yamaguchi 753-8515, Japan.
authors.forename: Pimprapar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wongsrikeao
authors.forename: Takeshige
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Otoi
authors.forename: Masayasu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Ni Wayan Kurniani
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Karja
authors.forename: Budiyanto
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Agung
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nii
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003470:Culture Media; D046508:Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary*; D047108:Embryonic Development / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000187:drug effects / Q000662:veterinary; D005632:Fructose / Q000494:pharmacology; D005690:Galactose / Q000494:pharmacology; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology; D006601:Hexoses / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D013552:Swine / Q000196:embryology / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D006601:Hexoses; D005632:Fructose; D005947:Glucose; D005690:Galactose