title: Bacterial contamination of spacer devices used by asthmatic children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate bacterial contamination in spacer devices used by asthmatic children and the device maintenance procedures practiced by parents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Spacer devices used by 62 asthmatic children were examined. Swabs taken from the inner surface of the reservoirs and face masks were cultured. Parents were interviewed regarding their spacer cleaning and disinfection routines.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bacterial contamination was noted in 22 reservoirs (35.5%) and 16 masks (25.8%). Pseudomonas aeruginosa was isolated from 21.0% of the reservoirs and 14.5% of the face masks, Klebsiella pneumoniae from 6.5% and 4.8%, and Staphylococcus aureus from 9.7% and 8.1%, respectively. Only 34 parents (54.8%) reported that they received cleaning and maintenance instructions from the medical staff at initiation of spacer use by their child, and only 38 (61.8%) cleaned the device after each use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bacterial contamination is common in spacer devices. This study demonstrates that contamination rates are significantly lower when parents clean and actually dry (preferably with an air blower) spacer devices after each use. Spacer device maintenance should be emphasized in education programs for managing asthma.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Ambulatory Center, General Health Services, Petah Tiqva, Israel.
authors.forename: Herman A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Zeev
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Cohen
authors.forename: Avi Shalom
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Pomeranz
authors.forename: Brigita
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Czitron
authors.forename: Ernesto
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kahan
mesh_terms: D001249:Asthma / Q000628:therapy*; D001419:Bacteria / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004866:Equipment Contamination; D006801:Humans; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers / Q000382:microbiology*