Immunological patterns identifying disease course and evolution in multiple sclerosis patients.
Reliable, and easy to measure, immunological markers able to denote disease characteristics in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients are still lacking. We applied a multivariate statistical analysis on results obtained by measuring-by real-time RT-PCR-mRNA levels of 25 immunological relevant molecules in PBMCs from 198 MS patients. The combined measurement of mRNA levels of IL-1beta, TNF-alpha, TGF-beta, CCL20 and CCR3 was able to distinguish MS patients from healthy individuals. CXCR5, CCL5, and CCR3 combined mRNA levels identify primary progressive MS patients while TNF-alpha, IL-10, CXCL10 and CCR3 differentiate relapsing MS patients. Our results indicate that multi-parametric analysis of mRNA levels of immunological relevant molecules in PBMCs may represent a successful strategy for the identification of putative peripheral markers of disease state and disease activity in MS patients.
Furlan
Roberto
R
Neuroimmunology Unit, San Raffaele, Scientific Institute, Via Olgettina 58, 20132 Milan, Italy. furlan.roberto@hsr.it
Rovaris
Marco
M
Martinelli Boneschi
Filippo
F
Khademi
Mohsen
M
Bergami
Alessandra
A
Gironi
Maira
M
Deleidi
Michela
M
Agosta
Federica
F
Franciotta
Diego
D
Scarpini
Elio
E
Uccelli
Antonio
A
Zaffaroni
Mauro
M
Kurne
Asli
A
Comi
Giancarlo
G
Olsson
Tomas
T
Filippi
Massimo
M
Martino
Gianvito
G
D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers; D054418:Chemokine CCL20; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016014:Linear Models; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018448:Models, Immunological; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology*; D020528:Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D054397:Receptors, CCR3; D054380:Receptors, CXCR5; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
D015415:Biomarkers; C108355:CCL20 protein, human; C483024:CCL5 protein, human; C515350:CCR3 protein, human; C095085:CXCR5 protein, human; D054418:Chemokine CCL20; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D007375:Interleukin-1; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D054397:Receptors, CCR3; D054380:Receptors, CXCR5; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D018121:Receptors, Cytokine; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha