title: Interactions of stevioside and steviol with renal organic anion transporters in S2 cells and mouse renal cortical slices.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our previous studies have shown that both stevioside and steviol inhibited transepithelial transport of para-aminohippurate (PAH) in isolated rabbit renal proximal tubules by interfering with organic anion transport system. The current study examined the direct interactions of stevioside and steviol with specific organic anion transporters.
  
  
  METHODS
  S2 cells expressing human organic anion transporters (hOAT1, hOAT2, hOAT3, and hOAT4) and an intact renal epithelium were used to determine the inhibitory effect of stevioside and steviol on organic anion transport.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stevioside at 0.5-1 mM showed no interaction with any OAT. In contrast, steviol markedly inhibited substrate uptake in all S2hOAT cells. Steviol had low IC50 for hOAT1 (11.4 microM) and hOAT3 (36.5 microM) similar to that of probenecid, whereas IC50 for hOAT2 (1000 microM) and hOAT4 (285 microM) was much higher. Results obtained in mouse renal cortical slices were very similar; that is, stevioside was without inhibitory effect and steviol was a potent inhibitor of PAH and estrone sulfate (ES) transport.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stevioside has no interaction with human or mouse OATs. In contrast, steviol interacts directly with human OATs, in particular, hOAT1 and hOAT3, with a potency approximating probenecid, suggesting that the inhibition of OAT-mediated transport by steviol could alter renal drug clearance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Faculty of Science, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Chutima
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Srimaroeng
authors.forename: Promsuk
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jutabha
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Pritchard
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Endou
authors.forename: Varanuj
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chatsudthipong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D045786:Diterpenes, Kaurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004970:Estrone / Q000494:pharmacology; D005960:Glucosides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005977:Glutarates / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D007687:Kidney Tubules, Proximal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D027361:Organic Anion Transporters / Q000378:metabolism*; D010130:p-Aminohippuric Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D045786:Diterpenes, Kaurane; D005960:Glucosides; D005977:Glutarates; D027361:Organic Anion Transporters; C012043:stevioside; D004970:Estrone; C012042:steviol; D010130:p-Aminohippuric Acid