title: A new human acute monocytic leukemia cell line SHI-1 with t(6;11)(q27;q23), p53 gene alterations and high tumorigenicity in nude mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Human leukemia cell lines are of great value in leukemia research. Thus far 36 leukemia cell lines carrying the 11q23 translocation and MLL rearrangements, including two cell lines with t(6;11)(q27;q23) and an MLL-AF6 fusion gene have been described. We have established a new monocytic cell line with t(6;11), designated SHI-1, and herein describe its biological characteristics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mononuclear cells isolated from the bone marrow of a patient with acute monocytic leukemia (AML-M5b) at relapse were inoculated and passaged by liquid culture. The biological features of the cell line were characterized by morphological assays, flow cytometry, cytogenetic analysis, reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR), direct sequencing, fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH), clonogenic culture, quantitative fluorescent PCR, zymography, short tandem repeating sequences-PCR (STR-PCR), multiplex-FISH (M-FISH), and tumorigenic capacity in nude mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The SHI-1 cell line has been maintained in continuous culture without any external cytokines for three years. The morphology and immunoprofile of the cells show typical features of monocytic lineage. Karyotypic analysis demonstrated a t(6;11)(q27;q23) translocation accompanied by a deletion of 17p, which are the same abnormalities as were seen in the leukemia cells of this patient in relapse. The MLL-AF6 fusion transcript and the loss of one p53 allele were proven by chromosome painting, FISH and RT-PCR analysis in both SHI-1 cells and the primary leukemia cells. A point mutation of ATC-->ACC at codon 195 of exon 6 in another p53 allele was found by direct sequencing of DNA in SHI-1 cells as well as in the primary leukemia cells. Neither Epstein-Barr virus nor mycoplasma was detected in SHI-1 cells. Tumor masses were found in all sixteen mice 9-19 days after subcutaneous injection of SHI-1 cells. DNA fingerprinting confirmed the authenticity of the cell line.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SHI-1 is a new monocytic leukemia cell line with the t(6;11) translocation, p53 gene alterations, and high tumorigenicity in nude mice. It could be a valuable tool in the study of leukemogenesis.
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Jiangsu Institute of Hematology, Suzhou, China.
authors.forename: Suning
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yongquan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Xueguang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yafang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jinlan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jiannong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ceng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D019070:Cell Lineage; D002880:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 11; D002896:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6; D016158:Genes, p53; D006801:Humans; D007948:Leukemia, Monocytic, Acute / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D017354:Point Mutation; D012008:Recurrence; D014178:Translocation, Genetic