Visualizing the dynamic behavior of poliovirus plus-strand RNA in living host cells.
Dynamic analysis of viral nucleic acids in host cells is important for understanding virus-host interaction. By labeling endogenous RNA with molecular beacon, we have realized the direct visualization of viral nucleic acids in living host cells and have studied the dynamic behavior of poliovirus plus-strand RNA. Poliovirus plus-strand RNA was observed to display different distribution patterns in living Vero cells at different post-infection time points. Real-time imaging suggested that the translocation of poliovirus plus-strand RNA is a characteristic rearrangement process requiring intact microtubule network of host cells. Confocal-FRAP measurements showed that 49.4 +/- 3.2% of the poliovirus plus-strand RNA molecules diffused freely (with a D-value of 9.6 +/- 1.6 x 10(-10) cm2/s) within their distribution region, while the remaining (50.5 +/- 2.9%) were almost immobile and moved very slowly only with change of the RNA distribution region. Under the electron microscope, it was found that virus-induced membrane rearrangement is microtubule-associated in poliovirus-infected Vero cells. These results reveal an entrapment and diffusion mechanism for the movement of poliovirus plus-strand RNA in living mammalian cells, and demonstrate that the mechanism is mainly associated with microtubules and virus-induced membrane structures.
Cui
Zong-Qiang
ZQ
State Key Laboratory of Virology, Wuhan Institute of Virology, Chinese Academy of Sciences Wuhan 430071, China.
Zhang
Zhi-Ping
ZP
Zhang
Xian-En
XE
Wen
Ji-Kai
JK
Zhou
Ya-Feng
YF
Xie
Wei-Hong
WH
D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000821:virology; D022162:Cytoplasmic Vesicles / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004058:Diffusion; D036681:Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008870:Microtubules / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D017955:Poliovirus / Q000235:genetics*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D014709:Vero Cells
D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D012367:RNA, Viral