title: Odour and ammonia emissions from intensive pig units in Ireland.
abstract: Odour and ammonia emissions were measured at four intensive pig units in Ireland. Odour samples were collected on-site and analysed for odour concentration using an olfactometer. Ammonia concentrations in the exhaust ventilation air were measured using a portable sensor. The geomean odour emission rates over the four pig units were 17.2, 44.4, 4.3, 9.9 and 16.8 ou(E) s(-1) animal(-1) for dry sows, farrowing sows, first stage weaners, second stage weaners and finishers, respectively. The mean ammonia emission rates, measured at two of the units, were 12.1, 17.1, 1.4, 2.9 and 10.0 g d(-1) animal(-1) for dry sows, farrowing sows, first stage weaners, second stage weaners and finishers, respectively. In general, the odour and ammonia emission rates were comparable to those reported in literature, although some odour emission rate figures were noticeably lower for finishing pigs in this study. The variability in the data highlights the need for individual site assessment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biosystems Engineering, University College Dublin, Earlsfort Terrace, Dublin 2, Ireland.
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Hayes
authors.forename: T P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Curran
authors.forename: V A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Dodd
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis*; D000822:Animal Husbandry; D000818:Animals; D006799:Housing, Animal; D007494:Ireland; D009812:Odorants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000517:prevention & control; D034421:Sus scrofa; D014866:Waste Products / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D014866:Waste Products; D000641:Ammonia