Disease management in the young diabetic patient: glucose monitoring, coping skills, and treatment strategies.
Type 1 diabetes mellitus was thought to be the prevalent type of diabetes in children and adolescents; however, increasing numbers of juvenile patients appear to have type 2 diabetes. Management of all diabetes in young patients should include regular assessment, careful monitoring for glycemic control and the presence of hypoglycemia, and educational training on disease management. Hypoglycemic episodes, especially nocturnal events, are frequent in the young diabetic patient. Improvements in glycemic control and nocturnal hypoglycemia have been observed with continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and insulin glargine. A continuous glucose-monitoring system can provide important insight into 24-hour glycemic control. Overall, careful management, monitoring, and education can improve glycemic control and yield positive treatment outcomes in the child or adolescent with diabetes.
Weinzimer
Stuart A
SA
Department of Pediatrics, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
Doyle
Elizabeth A
EA
Tamborlane
William V
WV
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / Q000592:standards* / Q000639:trends; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin