title: Formalin-inactivated bovine RSV vaccine influences antibody levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid and disease outcome in experimentally infected calves.
abstract: Respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) causes severe respiratory disease in calves and human infants. In response to outbreaks, formalin inactivated (FI)-RSV vaccines were developed and found to exacerbate disease following a live RSV infection. We have reproduced vaccination induced disease enhancement in calves and screened various antibody isotypes in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from two studies: one with disease enhancement and another where moderate protection resulted from FI-bovine RSV (BRSV) vaccination. Semi-protected vaccinated calves produced BRSV-specific BALF IgG1, but not IgA and IgG2 prior to infection; whereas, calves with enhanced disease failed to develop BRSV-specific IgG1 in BALF. Ultimately, the formulation and delivery of RSV vaccines influences protective antibody levels in respiratory secretions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Microbiology, & Immunology, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Warren V
authors.initials: WV
authors.lastname: Kalina
authors.forename: Amelia R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Woolums
authors.forename: Laurel J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Gershwin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000097:blood; D000917:Antibody Formation; D018893:Bronchoalveolar Lavage; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D022261:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D018112:Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D022261:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D005557:Formaldehyde