Athelia: case report and review of the literature.
The absence of nipple-areola complex is a rare entity and is always associated with other anomalies. This paper described a case of bilateral athelia without other alterations. The atrophy of the dense mesenchyme due to absence of parathyroid hormone-related protein produced in epithelium may lead to nipple involution. Further cases should be studied to corroborate this theory.
Ishida
L H
LH
Department of Plastic Surgery, University of Sao Paulo School of Medicine, Av. Eneas de Carvalho Aguiar, Cep 05403-900 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. hap@uol.com.br
Alves
H R N
HR
Munhoz
A M
AM
Kaimoto
C
C
Ishida
L C
LC
Saito
F L
FL
Gemperlli
R
R
Ferreira
M C
MC
D000293:Adolescent; D002754:Choanal Atresia / Q000209:etiology; D003884:Dermoid Cyst / Q000209:etiology; D004423:Ear / Q000002:abnormalities; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009558:Nipples / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery; D011045:Poland Syndrome / Q000235:genetics; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012535:Scalp / Q000002:abnormalities; D016038:Skin Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D013577:Syndrome