title: Dietary intake of calcium, vitamin D, phosphorus and the risk of prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A relation of prostate cancer risk with calcium, vitamin D and phosphorus has been suggested, but remains controversial.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case-control study was conducted in Italy in 1991-2002. Cases were 1294 men with incident prostate cancer, and controls were 1451 men admitted to hospital for acute non-neoplastic diseases. Odds ratios (OR) and the corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CI) were estimated using unconditional multiple logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to the lowest one quintile of dietary calcium intake the OR was 1.18 for the highest, 1.01 for an increment of 622 mg/day of calcium, and 1.29 (95% CI 0.78-2.13) for 2000 mg/day or more of calcium. The OR of prostate cancer for the highest quintile of dietary intake of vitamin D and phosphorus were 1.33 and 1.20 respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study shows no material association of dietary intake of calcium, vitamin D and phosphorus with prostate cancer risk.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Via Eritrea 62, 20157 Milano, Italy. tavani@marionegri.it
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tavani
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bertuccio
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bosetti
authors.forename: Renato
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Talamini
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Negri
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Franceschi
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montella
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: La Vecchia
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002611:Cheese; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005518:Food Preferences; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008892:Milk; D016017:Odds Ratio; D016226:Phosphorus, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D016226:Phosphorus, Dietary; D014807:Vitamin D