title: Optimization of technical conditions for the transformation of Lactobacillus acidophilus strains by electroporation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To optimize the conditions for electroporating foreign plasmid DNA into Lactobacillus acidophilus ATCC 43121.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The conditions of electroporation were optimized to improve the transformation efficiency. Plasmid pNZ123 containing multicloning site and chloramphenicol resistance was employed to construct a cloning vector. The optimum electroporation conditions for the maximum transformation efficiency were a pulse strength of 12.5 kV cm(-1), a pulse number of 10, a pulse interval of 500 ms, and pNZ123 plasmid DNA concentration of 25 ng microl(-1). Under the optimum conditions the transformation efficiency of L. acidophilus ATCC 43121 was 1.84 +/- 0.13 x 10(4) (+/- standard error of measurements) CFU per mug of plasmid DNA. Other strains of L. acidophilus showed transformation efficiencies ranging from 1.38 +/- 0.02 x 10(4) to 9.32 +/- 0.54 x 10(4) under these conditions. A green fluorescent protein (GFP) was successfully expressed and detected by fluorescence microscopy when the pKU::slpA-GFP, pNZ123 containing GFP gene, was transformed in L. acidophilus ATCC 43121 under the optimum conditions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that electrical parameters, antibiotic concentration, and host specificity play important roles to determine transformation efficiency of lactobacilli. The optimum conditions for the transformation of L. acidophilus ATCC 43121 may be applied to improve transformation efficiency of other lactobacilli.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The optimized conditions for electrotransformation may provide a mean to improve the introduction of foreign DNA into L. acidophilus to be used as a vehicle for a heterologous protein expression.
authors.affiliation: Division of Food Science, Korea University, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000032:analysis; D002701:Chloramphenicol / Q000032:analysis; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial / Q000379:methods; D003470:Culture Media; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D018274:Electroporation / Q000379:methods*; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000235:genetics; D007779:Lactobacillus acidophilus / Q000235:genetics*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics*; D014170:Transformation, Genetic / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D003470:Culture Media; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D002701:Chloramphenicol