IL-7 receptor alpha chain expression distinguishes functional subsets of virus-specific human CD8+ T cells.
Virus-specific CD8+ T cells emerge after infection with herpesviruses and maintain latency to these persistent pathogens. It has been demonstrated that murine memory CD8+ T-cell precursors specific for acute lymphocytic choriomeningitis virus express interleukin-7 receptor alpha (IL-7Ralpha), and IL-7 is involved in maintaining memory populations after the clearance of antigen. To investigate whether human CD8+ T cells reactive toward persistent viruses are maintained similarly, we analyzed IL-7Ralpha expression and function on these virus-specific cells. During primary infection, all cytomegalovirus (CMV)-specific CD8+ T cells and most Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-specific CD8+ T cells lacked IL-7Ralpha expression. Only some virus-specific T cells expressed IL-7Ralpha late after viral replication became undetectable. CD8+ T cells specific for cleared viruses, influenza (FLU), and respiratory syncytial virus (RSV) all expressed IL-7Ralpha. Remarkably, the percentage of IL-7Ralpha- CMV-specific T cells correlated with the height of viral replication in the acute phase. Virus-specific IL-7Ralpha+ cells proliferated vigorously in response to IL-7, IL-15, or peptide, whereas IL-7Ralpha- cells required both peptide and helper-cell activation or IL-2 or IL-15 for optimal expansion. Our data suggest that although IL-7 is essential for the maintenance of memory cells in the absence of antigen, CD8+ T cells specific for latent viruses need T-cell receptor activation plus helper factors to persist.
van Leeuwen
Ester M M
EM
Department of Experimental Immunology, G1-133, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands. e.m.vanleeuwen@amc.uva.nl
de Bree
Godelieve J
GJ
Remmerswaal
Ester B M
EB
Yong
Si-La
SL
Tesselaar
Kiki
K
ten Berge
Ineke J M
IJ
van Lier
René A W
RA
D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000821:virology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003587:Cytomegalovirus / Q000276:immunology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D007378:Interleukins / Q000494:pharmacology; D020395:Receptors, Interleukin-7 / Q000235:genetics*; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000166:cytology / Q000821:virology*; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology; D014779:Virus Replication; D014780:Viruses / Q000276:immunology*
D007378:Interleukins; D020395:Receptors, Interleukin-7; C415350:interleukin-7 receptor, alpha chain