title: Soy isoflavones improve endothelial function in spontaneously hypertensive rats in an estrogen-independent manner: role of nitric-oxide synthase, superoxide, and cyclooxygenase metabolites.
abstract: The aim of this study was to analyze the effects of the isoflavones genistein and daidzein, and the mammalian estrogen 17beta-estradiol on endothelial function in isolated aortic rings from male spontaneously hypertensive rats (SHR) and Wistar Kyoto rats (WKY). Relaxation to acetylcholine on precontracted rings was impaired and endothelium-dependent contraction to acetylcholine in aortic rings was increased in SHR compared with WKY. Aortic NADPH-stimulated O(2)(-) release and prostaglandin (PG)H(2) production evoked by acetylcholine were increased, whereas nitric-oxide synthase activity was reduced in SHR versus WKY. Genistein, daidzein, or 17beta-estradiol enhanced the relaxant response to acetylcholine and decreased the endothelium-dependent vasoconstrictor responses to acetylcholine in SHR, but not in WKY, and these effects were not modified by the estrogen receptor antagonist ICI 182,780 (7alpha,17beta-[9[(4,4,5,5,5-pentafluoropentyl)-sulfinyl]nonyl]estra-1,3,5(10)-triene-3,17-diol). Moreover, isoflavones enhanced nitric-oxide (NO) synthase activity and inhibited NADPH-stimulated O(2)(-) roduction and endothelial release of PGH(2). The contractions induced by the TP receptor agonist U46619 (9,11-dideoxy-11alpha,9alpha-epoxymethanoprostaglandin F(2alpha)) in denuded aortic rings were inhibited by genistein, daidzein, and 17beta-estradiol in both strains. In conclusion, the isoflavones genistein and daidzein and 17beta-estradiol restore endothelial function in male SHR through estrogen receptor-independent mechanisms. Increased NO production and protection of NO from O(2)(-)-driven inactivation might be involved in the improvement of vascular relaxation to acetylcholine in aortic rings from SHR. Moreover, isoflavones and 17beta-estradiol inhibited aortic endothelium-dependent contraction to acetylcholine in SHR by reducing the endothelial PGH(2) release and its vasoconstrictor response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, University of Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vera
authors.forename: Milagros
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galisteo
authors.forename: Inmaculada Concepción
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Villar
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sánchez
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zarzuelo
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pérez-Vizcaíno
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Duarte
mesh_terms: D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000109:Acetylcholine / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019833:Genistein / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000502:physiology*; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism*; D013928:Thromboxane A2 / Q000378:metabolism; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D007529:Isoflavones; D013481:Superoxides; C013908:daidzin; D004958:Estradiol; D013928:Thromboxane A2; D019796:15-Hydroxy-11 alpha,9 alpha-(epoxymethano)prosta-5,13-dienoic Acid; D019833:Genistein; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D000109:Acetylcholine