title: Characterization of inhibitor of differentiation (Id3) gene expression in the developing cochlear tissue of rats.
abstract: CONCLUSIONS
  The Id3 gene is expressed in the developing cochlear tissue and participates in the development of cochlear progenitor hair cells during the embryonic stage.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Inhibitor of differentiation (Id3) is an important transcription factor expressed in the cochlear tissue and progenitor hair cells. It is likely to be involved in cell-cycle progression and the proliferation of cochlear progenitor hair cells during the embryonic stage. The dynamic expression of Id3 in the developing cochlear tissue is, however, poorly understood. In this study we sought to characterize the expression of Id3 in the developing cochlear tissue and to explore its role in the growth and proliferation of progenitor hair cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Expression of the Id3 gene in the developing cochlear tissue was examined by means of Northern blotting, in situ hybridization and immunohistochemistry. The effects of Id3 on primary cultures of otocyst epithelial cells and a progenitor hair cell line (OT12) were studied using specific antisense oligonucleotides.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Id3 gene was expressed in the rapidly growing otocyst on embryonic Day 12 and specifically in the fundamental structures of the cochlea, e.g. the organ of Corti, spiral ganglions and stria vascularis, on postnatal Day 1. Inhibition of Id3 gene expression with antisense oligonucleotides in cultured otocyst epithelial cells and OT12 reduced DNA synthesis and cell-cycle progression, suggesting that Id3 participates in the proliferation of cochlear progenitor hair cells.
authors.affiliation: The Auditory Molecular Biology Laboratory, Department of Otolaryngology, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA.
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ozeki
authors.forename: Eileen P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Schlentz
authors.forename: Jizhen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003051:Cochlea / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D006198:Hair Cells, Auditory / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D051796:Inhibitor of Differentiation Proteins; D008297:Male; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C499848:Id3 protein, rat; D051796:Inhibitor of Differentiation Proteins; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D014157:Transcription Factors