title: Direct and indirect effects of androgens on survival of hematopoietic progenitor cells in vitro.
abstract: Androgens remain a common treatment for certain type of anemia, based upon its myelostimulating effects; however, it has not been established whether androgens affect apoptosis of hematopoietic progenitor cells (HPCs). We investigated the effects of the androgens, such as testosterone, 5beta-dihydrotestosterone (5-DHT), and oxymetholone, on apoptosis of normal hematopoietic progenitor cells in vitro. Androgens did not rescue normal bone marrow (BM) CD34+ cells and colony-forming cells (CFCs), other than mature erythroid CFCs, from apoptosis induced by serum- and growth factor deprivation. Oxymetholone did not affect growth factor-mediated survival of normal CD34+ cells or its inhibition by interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma). In a standard methylcellulose clonogenic assay, low concentrations of oxymetholone and 5-DHT stimulated the clonal growth of colony-forming unit (CFU)-erythroid, but did not affect growth of CFU-granulocyte/macrophage or burst-forming unit-erythroid. Oxymetholone and 5-DHT stimulated the production of stem cell factor in normal bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) via transcriptional regulation. In agreement with this, oxymetholone-treated BMSCs better supported the survival of HPCs. These data indicate that survival-enhancing or growth-stimulatory effects of androgens on hematopoietic progenitor cells are minimal and mostly restricted to mature erythroid progenitors, and its myelostimulating effects could be attributed, at least in part, to the stimulation of production of hematopoietic growth factors in BMSCs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejon, Korea.
authors.forename: Seong-Woo
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jin-Hee
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Jae-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Cheon
authors.forename: Nam-Sook
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sang-Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Su-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Hwan-Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yun
authors.forename: Samyong
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Deog-Yeon
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Jo
mesh_terms: D000728:Androgens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000032:analysis; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015153:Blotting, Western; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003114:Colony-Forming Units Assay; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D013196:Dihydrotestosterone / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D010110:Oxymetholone / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013739:Testosterone / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D018952:Antigens, CD34; C515255:CXCL12 protein, human; D054377:Chemokine CXCL12; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D016207:Cytokines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013196:Dihydrotestosterone; D013739:Testosterone; D010110:Oxymetholone