title: Assessment of the integrity of human oocytes retrieved from cryopreserved ovarian tissue after xenotransplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies showed that immature oocytes stored in ovarian tissue could develop to the mature stage after transplantation. However, the quality and competency of the oocytes developed in xenografted ovarian tissue have never been investigated. As a pilot study to investigate this uncharted issue, we evaluated microtubule organization and chromatin configuration of human oocytes harvested from xenografted frozen-thawed ovarian tissue.
  
  
  METHODS
  Frozen-thawed human ovarian tissue was transplanted into severe combined immunodeficient mice. All animals were stimulated with gonadotrophin from 20 weeks after transplantation. Grafts were recovered 36 h after hCG administration. The oocytes were retrieved from the antral follicles (>2 mm diameter), cultured in vitro, stained for microtubule and chromatin localization.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five oocytes from 21 female mice and seven oocytes from nine male mice were retrieved. Immunocytochemical examinations of these oocytes after in vitro maturation revealed only two developed to the metaphase II stage. Most oocytes were between prophase and metaphase with abnormal microtubule organization and chromatin configuration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Immature oocytes in stored human ovarian tissue can grow to maturity in host animals after xenotransplantation. Retrieval of oocytes from the xenograft can be carried out and is reproducible. However, many oocytes, grown in host animals and further matured in vitro, showed aberrant microtubule organization and chromatin patterns.
authors.affiliation: Department of OB/GYN, Eulji University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea. medssk@attglobal.net
authors.forename: S Samuel
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hee Gyu
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Nam Hyung
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hoi Chang
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyang Heun
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002843:Chromatin; D015925:Cryopreservation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D008870:Microtubules; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000637:transplantation*; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000166:cytology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D014015:Tissue Banks; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin