title: Effect of HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitors on survival in type 2 diabetes patients with end stage diabetic nephropathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We studied the effect of HMG-CoA-reductase inhibitor (= CSE-I) treatment on mortality in a population of hemodialysis patients with diabetic nephropathy due to type 2 diabetes. Since the efficacy of CSE-I in dialysis patients is discussed controversially, we tested the hypothesis that only patients with LDL-cholesterol > 100 mg/dl benefit from CSE-I.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled all 445 prevalent chronic hemodialysis patients with end-stage diabetic nephropathy from 30 centres in Southern Germany from August 1999 to January 2000 for prospective study until December 2003. Fasting lipid profiles prior to dialysis session and a complete clinical phenotype were determined at inclusion. We formed 2 patient groups (serum LDL > vs. < or = 100 mg/dl). Only CSE-I were used as lipid lowering therapy in our cohort. 122 Patients were on CSE-I therapy during the study. All cause mortality (ACM) was the primary end point. Survival analysis was performed by Kaplan Meier and multivariate Cox regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multivariate regression analysis and Kaplan Meier survival analysis showed a decrease in risk for ACM for patients on CSE-I therapy, irrespective of lipid status (multivariate hazard ratio (= HR) 0.58; p = 0.049; ACM 72.1% (no CSE-I) vs. 59.7% (+ CSE-I); mean survival 2.37 +/- 0.08 years (no CSE-I) vs. 2.77 +/- 0.12 years (+ CSE-I), p = 0.003). In patients with LDL > 100 mg/dl, statin treatment was also associated with reduced ACM: 48.0% (+ CSE-I) vs. 70.1% (no CSE-I), (multivariate HR 0.28, CI 95% 0.11 - 0.75, p = 0.01), but not in patients with LDL < or = 100 mg/dl (HR 0.84, CI 95% 0.41 - 1.72 p = 0.63).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data indicates that hemodialysis patients with type 2 diabetic nephropathy may benefit from statin therapy irrespective of baseline LDL-cholesterol level. Patients with LDL > 100 mg/dl benefit most when treated with CSE-I.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Innere Medizin II, University of Regensburg, Franz-Josef-Strauss-Allee 11, D-93053 Regensburg, Germany. angela.goetz@klinik.uni-regensburg.de.
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Götz
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Böger
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hirschmann
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schmitz
authors.forename: G A J
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Riegger
authors.forename: B K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Krämer
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000401:mortality*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors