title: Stages 1-2 non-rapid eye movement sleep behavior disorder associated with dementia: a new parasomnia?
abstract: A 55-year-old woman with a progressive dementia and frontal syndrome was hospitalized because she was agitated every night after falling asleep (spoke, laughed, cried, tapped, kicked, walked, and fell down). She slept 5.5 hours during video polysomnography, but the theta rhythm electroencephalograph recording typical of sleep stages 1 to 2 and the spindles and K-complexes typical of sleep stage 2 contrasted with continuous muscular twitching, prominent rapid eye movements, vocalizations, and continuous, complex, purposeful movements typical of rapid eye movement (REM) sleep behavior disorder. This newly described stages 1--2 non-REM sleep behavior disorder suggests that central motor pattern generators were disinhibited during non-REM sleep.
authors.affiliation: Fédération des Pathologies du Sommeil, Groupe Hospitalier Pitié-Salpêtrière, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris, Paris, France. isabelle.arnuf@psl.ap-hop-paris.fr
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Arnulf
authors.forename: Tarek
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mabrouk
authors.forename: Khalil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mohamed
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Konofal
authors.forename: Jean-Philippe
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Derenne
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Couratier
mesh_terms: D003704:Dementia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D020187:REM Sleep Behavior Disorder / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index