title: IL-2 and TNF-alpha promoter polymorphisms in patients with acute kidney graft rejection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Proinflammatory cytokines have been implicated in the pathogenesis of acute kidney allograft rejection. The aim of the study was to examine the association between interleukin (IL)-2 -330 and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha -308 promoter polymorphisms and acute kidney allograft rejection.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 72 patients with long-term stable graft function, and 57 diagnosed with acute kidney allograft rejection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with acute kidney allograft rejection showed a prevalence of subjects with TNF-alpha T2 allele (P < .05). The risk of acute kidney allograft rejection diagnosis was 2.5-fold greater among carriers of the T2 allele than those homozygous for T1T1 (OR 2.53, 95% CI 1.19 to 5.37, P < .05) There was no statistically significant difference in the distribution of IL-2 genotypes between patients with stable graft function and acute kidney allograft rejection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that TNF-alpha-308 promoter polymorphism is a risk factor for acute kidney allograft rejection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacokinetics and Therapeutic Drug Monitoring, Pomeranian Medical University, 70-111 Szczecin, Powst Wlkp 72, Poland. pawand@poczta.onet.pl
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pawlik
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Domanski
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rozanski
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Florczak
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dabrowska-Zamojcin
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dutkiewicz
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gawronska-Szklarz
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D006580:Genetic Carrier Screening; D005838:Genotype; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000235:genetics; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha