title: Uterine leiomyoma among women who conceived following fertility treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective was to determine if uterine leiomyoma increases the risk of cesarean section (CS) among women who conceived following fertility treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population consisted of all women who conceived after fertility treatment with singleton gestation and who delivered between the years 1988 and 1999 in the Soroka University Medical Center. A comparison was performed between patients with and without uterine leiomyomas. The Mantel-Haenszel procedure was used to obtain the weighted odds ratio (OR) for CS, while controlling for confounding variables.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study period 1,995 women conceived following fertility treatment. Of these, 63 patients had uterine leiomyomas (3.2%). Women treated for fertility with uterine leiomyomas had statistically significant higher rates of CS than those without uterine leiomyomas (61.9% vs. 28.1%, OR=4.2, 95% CI 2.4-7.2; P<0.001). Stratified analysis (the Mantel-Haenszel technique) was used to control for possible confounders, such as gestational diabetes, hypertensive disorders, maternal age, failure of labor to progress, placental abruption, malpresentation, hydramnios, oligohydramnios, and a previous CS. None of those variables changed the significant association or explained the higher incidence of CS in the uterine leiomyoma group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Uterine leiomyoma is an independent risk factor for CS among women who conceived following fertility treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Soroka University Medical Center, Ben Gurion University of the Negev, 151 Beer-Sheva, Israel.
authors.forename: Tamar
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Biderman-Madar
authors.forename: Eyal
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sheiner
authors.forename: Amalia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Levy
authors.forename: Gad
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Potashnik
authors.forename: Moshe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mazor
mesh_terms: D000037:Abruptio Placentae / Q000209:etiology; D000328:Adult; D002585:Cesarean Section / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility; D006801:Humans; D007743:Labor, Obstetric; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000150:complications*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011225:Pre-Eclampsia / Q000209:etiology; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000209:etiology; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012307:Risk Factors; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*