title: Chloral hydrate. An effective agent for sedation in children with age and weight dependent response.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Diagnostic and therapeutic procedures in children are made easier using sedation. However, there is no consensus about which drug should be used to achieve this. Furthermore, none of the drugs used for sedation are risk free. The aim of this work is to study sedation indications, effectiveness, and safety at our center.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective observational study conducted at the Pediatric Day Care Unit, King Fahad National Guard Hospital, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia. The study covered 17.5 weeks in 2 periods: May 9th 1999 to June 13th 1999 and October 31st 2001 to February 11th 2002. Children <12 years were included. Collected data included demographics, indication, drug dosing and outcome. Data were reported as mean +/- SD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We included 148 patients, age 38 +/- 30 months. Adequate sedation was achieved in 79% after initial chloral hydrate (CH) dose of 56.9 +/- 9.3 mg/kg, in 95% after adding 18.5 +/- 6.4 mg/kg CH and in 96% after adding second drug. Compared to nonrespondents, first CH dose respondents were younger and lower in weight. The CH side effects were few and mild.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chloral hydrate is a safe and effective agent for sedation in children with an age and weight dependent response.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, King Fahad National Guard Hospital, PO Box 22490, Riyadh 11426, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. omanhijazi@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Omar M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Hijazi
authors.forename: Nasser A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Haidar
authors.forename: Youssef A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Al-Eissa
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000367:Age Factors; D001835:Body Weight; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002697:Chloral Hydrate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000009:adverse effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D002697:Chloral Hydrate