title: Genetic variation in XPD, sun exposure, and risk of skin cancer.
abstract: The XPD gene is involved in the nucleotide excision repair pathway removing DNA photoproducts induced by UV radiation. Genetic variation in XPD may exert a subtle effect on DNA repair capacity. We assessed the associations between two common nonsynonymous polymorphisms (Asp312Asn and Lys751Gln) with skin cancer risk in a nested case-control study within the Nurses' Health Study (219 melanoma, 286 squamous cell carcinoma, 300 basal cell carcinoma, and 874 controls) along with exploratory analysis on the haplotype structure of the XPD gene. There were inverse associations between the Lys751Gln and Asp312Asn polymorphisms and the risks of melanoma and squamous cell carcinoma. No association was observed between these two polymorphisms and basal cell carcinoma risk. We also observed that the association of the 751Gln allele with melanoma risk was modified by lifetime severe sunburns, cumulative sun exposure with a bathing suit, and constitutional susceptibility score (P for interaction = 0.03, 0.04, and 0.02 respectively). Similar interactions were also observed for the Asp312Asn. Our data suggest these two XPD nonsynonymous polymorphisms may be associated with skin cancer risk, especially for melanoma.
authors.affiliation: Channing Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 181 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. jiali.han@channing.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Jiali
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Graham A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Colditz
authors.forename: Jun S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hunter
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002280:Basal Cell Carcinoma / Q000209:etiology; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000209:etiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics*; D004260:DNA Repair; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008545:Melanoma / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D013472:Sunlight / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics*; D051759:Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group D Protein
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D004265:DNA Helicases; D051759:Xeroderma Pigmentosum Group D Protein; C497292:ERCC2 protein, human