title: The relationship between angiogenesis and cyclooxygenase-2 expression in prostate cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that angiogenesis in prostate cancer is associated with tumour invasion and metastasis, and that this is mediated through increased cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Angiogenesis was assessed in 105 patients with either prostate cancer (79) or benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH, 26) and these data correlated with levels of COX-2 expression in the same dataset. The mean microvessel density (MVD) was analysed as a marker of angiogenesis, using the endothelial antigen CD34 stained by immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no difference in MVD in progressive tumour stages compared with BPH. There was a negative correlation between MVD and COX-2 expression, but the effect of increased COX-2 expression on MVD was not marked.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that COX-2 drives tumour spread in prostate cancer by means other than the promotion of angiogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Endocrine Cancer Group, Division of Cancer Studies and Molecular Pathology, Glasgow Royal Infirmary, Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: Rono
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mukherjee
authors.forename: Joanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Underwood
authors.forename: John M S
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bartlett
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008833:Microcirculation; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases