title: Mechanical reperfusion in patients with acute myocardial infarction presenting more than 12 hours from symptom onset: a randomized controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  No specifically designed studies have addressed the role of primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with acute ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) presenting more than 12 hours after symptom onset. Current guidelines do not recommend reperfusion treatment in these patients.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether an immediate invasive treatment strategy is associated with a reduction of infarct size in patients with acute STEMI, presenting between 12 and 48 hours after symptom onset, vs a conventional conservative strategy.
  
  
  METHODS
  International, multicenter, open-label, randomized controlled trial conducted from May 23, 2001, to December 15, 2004, of 365 patients aged 18 to 80 years without persistent symptoms admitted with the diagnosis of acute STEMI between 12 and 48 hours after symptom onset.
  
  
  METHODS
  Random assignment to either an invasive strategy (n=182) based predominantly on coronary stenting with abciximab or a conventional conservative treatment strategy (n=183).
  
  
  METHODS
  The primary end point was final left ventricular infarct size according to single-photon emission computed tomography study with technetium Tc 99m sestamibi performed between 5 and 10 days after randomization in 347 patients (95.1%). Secondary end points included composite of death, recurrent MI, or stroke at 30 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The final left ventricular infarct size was significantly smaller in patients assigned to the invasive group (median, 8.0%; interquartile range [IQR], 2.0%-15.8%) vs those assigned to the conservative group (median, 13.0%; IQR, 3.0%-27.0%; P<.001). The mean difference in final left ventricular infarct size between the invasive and conservative groups was -6.8% (95% confidence interval [CI], -10.2% to -3.5%). The secondary end points of death, recurrent MI, or stroke at 30 days occurred in 8 patients in the invasive group (4.4%) and 12 patients in the conservative group (6.6%) (relative risk, 0.67; 95% CI, 0.27-1.62; P = .37).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  An invasive strategy based on coronary stenting with adjunctive use of abciximab reduces infarct size in patients with acute STEMI without persistent symptoms presenting 12 to 48 hours after symptom onset.
authors.affiliation: Deutsches Herzzentrum, 1 Medizinische Klinik rechts der Isar, Technische Universität, Munich, Germany. aschoemig@dhm.mhn.de <aschoemig@dhm.mhn.de>
authors.forename: Albert
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schömig
authors.forename: Julinda
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mehilli
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Antoniucci
authors.forename: Gjin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ndrepepa
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Markwardt
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Pede
authors.forename: Stephan G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Nekolla
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schlotterbeck
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schühlen
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pache
authors.forename: Melchior
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seyfarth
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martinoff
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Benzer
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dirschinger
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schwaiger
authors.forename: Adnan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kastrati
mesh_terms: D000077284:Abciximab; D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D005260:Female; D006493:Heparin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D015607:Stents; D016019:Survival Analysis; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi; D013997:Time Factors; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000925:Anticoagulants; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D006493:Heparin; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi; D000077284:Abciximab