title: The calcimimetic cinacalcet normalizes serum calcium in renal transplant patients with persistent hyperparathyroidism.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Treatment of persistent hyperparathyroidism in renal transplant patients resistant to calcium and vitamin D sterols is limited and often requires parathyroidectomy. Given the potential hazards linked to surgery, an alternative approach to manage excess parathyroid hormone (PTH) secretion is needed. Calcimimetics inhibit PTH secretion by modulating the calcium-sensing receptor in the parathyroid. Lowering of the serum calcium concentration with the calcimimetic cinacalcet has previously been demonstrated in patients with primary hyperparathyroidism or with secondary hyperparathyroidism on dialysis. Here we present the first clinical observations of a calcimimetic in patients with persistent hyperparathyroidism.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 30 mg dose of cinacalcet was prescribed once daily for 3 months to seven female and seven male stable renal transplant patients, aged 23-65 years, 7 months to 14 years after transplantation, with a serum creatinine ranging from 89 to 229 micromol/l and persistent hyperparathyroidism. Concomitant medication included cyclosporin and low-dose prednisone in all patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On cinacalcet, serum calcium decreased and normalized in all but two patients (baseline 2.72+/-0.03 mmol/l; 1 month 2.42+/-0.04 mmol/l, P<0.001), whereas serum PTH and phosphate levels did not change significantly. A slight reduction in renal function, as assessed by serum creatinine concentration, was observed at months 2 and 3 (P<0.05). An immunoglobulin-deficient patient developed colitis after 1 week of treatment and cinacalcet was withdrawn. No patient stopped cinacalcet because of other presumed side effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Calcimimetics are a promising therapy in renal transplant patients with persistent hyperparathyroidism. Prospective controlled studies must now be designed focusing on functionally relevant musculo-skeletal end-points and allowing the exclusion of negative effects on long-term renal and general outcome of such patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Hypertension, University Hospital Berne, Inselspital, Freiburgstrasse, CH-3010 Bern, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Anja E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Kruse
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Eisenberger
authors.forename: Felix J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Frey
authors.forename: Markus G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Mohaupt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood*; D000069449:Cinacalcet; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D010710:Phosphates / Q000097:blood; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D009281:Naphthalenes; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D010710:Phosphates; D002118:Calcium; D000069449:Cinacalcet