[Effects of vegetal oil supplementation on the lipid profile of Wistar rats ].
BACKGROUND
Dietary tocopherols, tocotrienols and saturated, mono and polyunsaturated fatty acids have been reported to have an effect on blood lipid profiles. In Colombia, vegetable oils (palm, soy, corn, sunflower, and canola) are a common dietary constituent and consumed in high quantities.


OBJECTIVE
In the current study, the effects of vegetable oil consumption was examined by measuring blood concentrations of triglycerides (TG), total cholesterol (TC) and HDL cholesterol (HDL-C) in male Wistar rats.


METHODS
The concentrations of tocopherols, tocotrienols, and fatty acids in each oil was quantified by High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). Each rat diet was supplemented with 0.2 ml/day with one oil type. Over a 4-week period, groups of animals were sacrificed weekly and blood samples were obtained to quantify TC, TG and HDL-C for each oil class. Statistical analyses included mean, standard deviation, ANOVA and Bonferroni comparisons tests.


RESULTS
Triglyceride content was not affected except in the control and the soy group in the third treatment week, although a tendency for decreased TG was noted in the palm oil group and for increased TG in the sunflower oil and canola oil groups. No significant differences in total cholesterol were observed. In HDL-C, significant differences were present for every treatment week (p = 0.005); this represented a decreasing trend in palm oil group and an increasing trend in the sunflower and corn oil groups.


CONCLUSIONS
The oils effected changes in the blood lipid profile. A small amount of saturated fatty acids (tocopherol and tocotrienol) were favourable for the HDL-C increase. The presenct of tocorienols tended to decrease the TG and probably helped attenuate the unfavorable effects of the saturated fatty acids.
Poveda
Elpidia
E
Grupo de Nutrición, Subdirección de Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Salud, Bogotá, D.C., Colombia. epoveda@ins.gov.co
Ayala
Paola
P
Milena
Rodríguez
R
Ordóñez
Edgar
E
Baracaldo
Cesar
C
Delgado
Willman
W
Guerra
Martha
M
D000818:Animals; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D008055:Lipids; D010938:Plant Oils