title: Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia. Clinical and roentgenological features in 26 cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bronchiolitis obliterans organizing pneumonia (BOOP) may be classified as cryptogenic (idiopathic) and secondary. There are no clear clinical and radiological features distinguishing between idiopathic and secondary BOOP.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the etiologic factors, clinical and radiological features, diagnostic approach and response to therapy at onset and outcome in subjects with BOOP.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical files of Erciyes University Hospital from 1995 to 2003 were retrospectively reviewed. Patients with biopsy-proven BOOP were selected for evaluation. The etiology and initial features of BOOP, treatment, resolution, relapse, and survival were obtained from medical records, and a follow-up patient questionnaire.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We have diagnosed 26 cases (13 males /13 females) with BOOP syndrome (mean age 54 +/- 15 years, range 14-93). More than half the patients (58%) were classified as idiopathic BOOP. Patients presented with cough (92%), dyspnea (70%), pleuritic chest pain, hemoptysis and fever (50%). The biopsy specimens had been obtained by transbronchial and/or transthoracic lung biopsy in 18 cases (69%). At radiological evaluation, there were bilateral patchy alveolar and/or interstitial infiltrates in 16 patients (62%), and solitary pneumonic involvement in 10 patients (38%). Three patients recovered spontaneously, 5 remained cured after resection of the focal lesion. Corticosteroid therapy was given in 17 patients (65%). Apart from four patients who died (death was attributable to BOOP in only 1 patient) and three patients who relapsed, the prognosis was good in all patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The etiology of BOOP is usually idiopathic. We observed that hemoptysis and pleuritic chest pain were a relatively frequent symptom in BOOP in the present series, in contrast to previous observations. The diversity of radiological and clinical presentations including hemotysis and pleuritic chest pain should prompt consideration of the diagnosis in patients with persisting pulmonary symptoms and radiological findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chest Disease, Erciyes University Medical Faculty, Talas/Kayseri, Turkey.
authors.forename: F Sema
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Oymak
authors.forename: H Murat
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Demirbaş
authors.forename: Ertugrul
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mavili
authors.forename: Hulya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Akgun
authors.forename: Inci
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gulmez
authors.forename: Ramazan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Demir
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ozesmi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000638:Amiodarone / Q000009:adverse effects; D000818:Animals; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000209:etiology; D003240:Connective Tissue Diseases / Q000150:complications; D003371:Cough / Q000209:etiology; D018549:Cryptogenic Organizing Pneumonia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D004417:Dyspnea / Q000209:etiology; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006469:Hemoptysis / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D007154:Immune System Diseases / Q000150:complications; D007372:Interferons / Q000009:adverse effects; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013256:Steroids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D013256:Steroids; D007372:Interferons; D000638:Amiodarone