title: Aly/ REF, a factor for mRNA transport, activates RH gene promoter function.
abstract: The rhesus (Rh) blood group antigens are of considerable importance in transfusion medicine as well as in newborn or autoimmune hemolytic diseases due to their high antigenicity. We identified a major DNaseI hypersensitive site at the 5' flanking regions of both RHD and RHCE exon 1. A 34 bp fragment located at -191 to -158 from a translation start position, and containing the TCCCCTCCC sequence, was involved in enhancing promoter activity, which was assessed by luciferase reporter gene assay. A biotin-labelled 34 bp probe isolated an mRNA transporter protein, Aly/REF. The specific binding of Aly/REF to RH promoter in erythroid was confirmed by chromatin immunoprecipitation assay. The silencing of Aly/REF by siRNA reduced not only the RH promoter activity of the reporter gene but also transcription from the native genome. These facts provide second proof of Aly/REF as a transcription coactivator, initially identified as a coactivator for the TCRalpha enhancer function. Aly/REF might be a novel transcription cofactor for erythroid-specific genes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Genetics, Center for Community Medicine, Jichi Medical School, Kawachi-gun, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suganuma
authors.forename: Maki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kumada
authors.forename: Toshinori
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Omi
authors.forename: Takaya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gotoh
authors.forename: Munkhtulga
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lkhagvasuren
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okuda
authors.forename: Toyomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamesaki
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kajii
authors.forename: Sadahiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwamoto
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D001692:Biological Transport; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D018983:DNA Footprinting; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D050981:Erythroid-Specific DNA-Binding Factors; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D004915:Leukemia, Erythroblastic, Acute / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D008156:Luciferases / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000494:pharmacology; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012204:Rh-Hr Blood-Group System / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: C105242:ALYREF protein, human; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050981:Erythroid-Specific DNA-Binding Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010455:Peptides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D012204:Rh-Hr Blood-Group System; C026410:Rho(D) antigen; D014157:Transcription Factors; D008156:Luciferases