title: Alleviation of aflatoxin B1-induced oxidative stress in HepG2 cells by volatile extract from Allii Fistulosi Bulbus.
abstract: The volatile extract from Allii Fistulosi Bulbus (VEAF) was isolated by steam distillation under reduced pressure, followed by continuous liquid-liquid extraction, and its effects on aflatoxin B1 (AFB1)-induced oxidative stress were investigated in human hepatoma cells (HepG2). The main constituents of the VEAF, identified by gas chromatography/mass spectrometry, were 2-octyl-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2-hexyl-5-methyl-3(2H)-furanone, 2,5-dimethylthiophene, 3,5-diethyl-1,2,4-trithiolane and 3,4-dimethyl-2,5-dihydro-thiophene-2-one. VEAF significantly inhibited the formation of intracellular reactive oxygen species caused by AFB1 in a dose-dependent manner, concomitant with a significant decrease in the AFB1-induced cytotoxicity. VEAF pretreatment significantly reduced the levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, an indicator of lipid peroxidation, whereas increased the level of reduced glutathione. The level of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine, a DNA oxidative stress marker, was also decreased by 49-59% with pretreatment of VEAF. With respect to the activity of AFB1 metabolizing enzymes, VEAF significantly increased the activity of glutathione S-transferase, and significantly decreased the cytochrome (CYP) P450 3A4 activity, but had a little effect on the CYP1As. These results suggest that VEAF may be selectively effective in alleviating the AFB1-induced oxidative stress, and lead to cytoprotection against AFB1 exposure.
authors.affiliation: Food Function Research Division, Korea Food Research Institute, San 46-1, Backhyun, Bundang-gu, Sungnam, Kyonggi-do 463-746, South Korea.
authors.forename: Joon-Kyoung
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eun Hye
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Kwang-Geun
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hyang Sook
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Chun
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D016604:Aflatoxin B1 / Q000633:toxicity*; D000490:Allium / Q000737:chemistry*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000032:analysis; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D016604:Aflatoxin B1; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D003849:Deoxyguanosine; D005978:Glutathione