title: Pulmonary vasculitis in behcet disease: a cumulative analysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aims of this study were to investigate the frequency of pulmonary problems in Behçet disease (BD), and to discuss lesser-known features of pulmonary BD such as clinical characteristics, analysis of prognosis, and evaluation of treatment options with respect to the previously published cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a comprehensive review of the literature to analyze cumulated data about pulmonary involvement in BD.
  
  
  METHODS
  We found 159 articles regarding pulmonary disease associated with BD in May 2003.
  
  
  METHODS
  The evaluation of these articles demonstrated 598 pulmonary problems in 585 cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pulmonary artery aneurysms (PAAs) are the most common pulmonary lesion in BD, and these are almost always associated with hemoptysis. Seventy-eight percent of patients with aneurysms have concomitant extrapulmonary venous thrombi or thrombophlebitis. Other pulmonary problems are reported in BD, and these are principally related to vascular lesions and radiologic abnormalities.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pulmonary vascular problems, either PAA or involvement of small-sized vessels, are the main pulmonary disorders in BD. Immunopathologic findings indicate that the underlying pathogenesis is pulmonary vasculitis, which may result in thrombosis, infarction, hemorrhage, and PAA formation. Patients with small nonspecific radiologic abnormalities should be followed up closely since early diagnosis of vascular lesions may be life-saving. Immunosuppression is the main therapy for the treatment of a vasculitis. It is important that pulmonary angiitis is not mistaken for pulmonary thromboembolic disease since fatalities have occurred in BD shortly after initiation of anticoagulation/thrombolytic treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pilmonary Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Ondokuz Mayis University, Tip Fak, Göğüs Hst. ABD 55139, Kurupelit-Samsun, Turkey. oguzuzun@omu.edu.tr
authors.forename: Oguz
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Uzun
authors.forename: Tekin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akpolat
authors.forename: Levent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Erkan
mesh_terms: D000783:Aneurysm / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy; D001528:Behcet Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015897:Comorbidity; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015994:Incidence; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D011651:Pulmonary Artery; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents