title: Reducing cardiovascular disease in patients with diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with diabetes may be considered high-risk for management of cardiovascular risk factors not only because of increased rates of myocardial infarction but also because of a high prevalence of significant subclinical coronary artery disease and a poorer prognosis after myocardial infarction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Appropriate management of hypertension and hyperlipidemia has been shown unequivocally to reduce cardiovascular events. Benefit has been demonstrated with multiple antihypertensive agents; however, some studies suggest an advantage for angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors or angiotensin II receptor blockers. Most data for management of lipid disorders in diabetes have been obtained using statins; the value of combination lipid-lowering therapy remains to be validated.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The role of glucose control in managing cardiovascular risk in patients with diabetes remains unclear. Epidemiologic studies suggest a strong relation between markers of glycemia and cardiovascular risk, even extending into the nondiabetic spectrum. Ongoing trials are evaluating novel strategies for reducing cardiovascular events in patients with diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Section of Diabetes and Metabolism, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA. tmazzone@uic.edu
authors.forename: Theodore
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mazzone
mesh_terms: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000517:prevention & control; D006973:Hypertension / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents