title: Construction of anti-adhesive and antibacterial multilayer films via layer-by-layer assembly of heparin and chitosan.
abstract: Chitosan as an antibacterial agent and heparin as an anti-adhesive agent were alternatively deposited onto aminolyzed poly(ethylene terephthalate) (PET) films to construct anti-adhesive and antibacterial multilayer films. The contact-angle and UV data verified the progressive buildup of the multilayer film by alternate deposition of the polyelectrolytes. The properties of multilayer films were investigated by contact angle, atomic force microscopy (AFM), lateral force microscopy (LFM) and UV spectra. The results of initial adhesion of Escherichia coli (E. coli) on PET substrates showed that the number of E. coli adhered onto the control PET was in a much greater extent than onto the chitosan/heparin multilayer films, and the number of adhesive bacteria decreased with a decrease in assembly pH. The in vitro antibacterial test indicated that a multilayer of chitosan/heparin could kill the bacteria effectively. The number of viable bacteria decreased by 7% after 7 h in contact with the control PET films, but by 46-68% for the multilayer-modified PET films. Only 3-8% of the cells were viable for the multilayer-modified PET films after 24h. It is interesting to find the assembly pH has a remarkable effect on the antibacterial property of the multilayer. The number of viable bacteria on the multilayer assembled at pH = 3.8, 2.9 and 6.0 decreased by 68%, 58% and 46%, respectively. Such an easy processing and shape-independent method to prepare an anti-adhesive and antibacterial surface may have good potential for surface modification of cardiovascular devices.
authors.affiliation: Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China.
authors.forename: Jinhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ji
authors.forename: Weiyong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Jiacong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D013504:Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures; D002448:Cell Adhesion; D048429:Cell Size; D048271:Chitosan / Q000737:chemistry*; D046508:Culture Techniques; D004573:Electrolytes; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000378:metabolism; D006493:Heparin / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates / Q000737:chemistry; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013997:Time Factors; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004573:Electrolytes; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates; D006493:Heparin; D048271:Chitosan