title: Analysis of complications following alveolar distraction osteogenesis and implant placement in the partially edentulous mandible.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this retrospective study was to evaluate complications before, during, and after vertical alveolar distraction osteogenesis and to assess the survival rate of dental implants placed in distracted bone.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a consecutive series, 37 patients with 45 alveolar ridge deficiencies of the partially edentulous mandible were treated with 14 intraosseous and 31 subperiosteal distraction devices. Seventy-two dental implants could be placed at the time of distractor removal and 21 implants at a second stage.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complications associated with the distraction procedure affected 75.7% of patients. The majority of complications were of minor nature with the exception of fractures of basal bone (n = 3), fracture of transport segment (n = 1), breakage of distractor (n = 1), and severe mechanical problems (n = 3). Eleven secondary grafting procedures were necessary to allow the placement of dental implants. Implant survival was 95.7% (mean postloading follow-up: 35.7 months).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vertical alveolar distraction osteogenesis is not an uncomplicated procedure; however, long-term survival of dental implants inserted into distracted areas is satisfactory.
authors.affiliation: Craniomaxillofacial and Oral Surgery, University-Hospital, Medical University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria. georg.enislidis@meduniwien.ac.at
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Enislidis
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fock
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Millesi-Schobel
authors.forename: Clemens
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Klug
authors.forename: Gert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wittwer
authors.forename: Kaan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yerit
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ewers
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D003830:Denture, Partial, Fixed; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006987:Hypesthesia / Q000209:etiology; D007576:Jaw, Edentulous, Partially / Q000534:rehabilitation* / Q000601:surgery; D015993:Life Tables; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000601:surgery*; D008337:Mandibular Fractures / Q000209:etiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013529:Surgical Wound Dehiscence / Q000209:etiology