title: Tissue engineering strategies for cartilage generation--micromass and three dimensional cultures using human chondrocytes and a continuous cell line.
abstract: Utilizing ATDC5 murine chondrogenic cells and human articular chondrocytes, this study sought to develop facile, reproducible three-dimensional models of cartilage generation with the application of tissue engineering strategies, involving biodegradable poly(glycolic acid) scaffolds and rotating wall bioreactors, and micromass pellet cultures. Chondrogenic differentiation, assessed by histology, immunohistochemistry, and gene expression analysis, in ATDC5 and articular chondrocyte pellets was evident by the presence of distinct chondrocytes, expressing Sox-9, aggrecan, and type II collagen, in lacunae embedded in a cartilaginous matrix of type II collagen and proteoglycans. Tissue engineered explants of ATDC5 cells were reminiscent of cartilaginous structures composed of numerous chondrocytes, staining for typical chondrocytic proteins, in lacunae embedded in a matrix of type II collagen and proteoglycans. In comparison, articular chondrocyte explants exhibited areas of Sox-9, aggrecan, and type II collagen-expressing cells growing on fleece, and discrete islands of chondrocytic cells embedded in a cartilaginous matrix.
authors.affiliation: Bone and Joint Research Group, Developmental Origins of Health and Disease, University of Southampton, Southampton SO16 6YD, UK.
authors.forename: Rahul S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Tare
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: Jodie C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Pound
authors.forename: Helmtrud I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Roach
authors.forename: Richard O C
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Oreffo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000166:cytology* / Q000254:growth & development*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002470:Cell Survival; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*