title: [Comparative study on the mutagenicity of the gasoline-fueled vehicle exhaust and methanol-fueled vehicle exhaust].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In order to compare the mutagenicity of the gasoline-fueled vehicle exhaust (gasoline exhaust for short) and the methanol-fueled vehicle exhaust (methanol exhaust for short), provide a scientific basis for replacement gasoline by methanol as fuel in vehicle.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Ames assay and A549 cell micronucleus test in vitro were applied to compare the mutagenicity of gasoline-fueled vehicle exhaust and methanol-fueled vehicle exhaust.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results showed that the gasoline-fueled vehicle exhaust expressed evident mutagenicity in Ames assay (TA98 strain) with or without rat liver-derived metabolic activation system (S9). The mutagenicity increased obviously when S9 was used and showed a good dose-response relationship. However, the methanol-fueled vehicle exhaust did not show any mutagenic potential in Ames assay (TA98, TA100 strains) with or without rat liver-derived metabolic activation system (S9). In A549 cells micronucleus test in vitro, between 0.025 - 0.2JL/ml, the rate of A549 cells micronucleus could be induced by the gasoline-fueled vehicle exhaust. For the methanol-fueled vehicle exhaust, there was no significant differences in the rate of A549 cells micronucleus between the tested groups and control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results strongly suggested that the gasoline-fueled vehicle exhaust had potential mutagenicity and the methanol-fueled vehicle exhaust did not show any potential mutagenicity. The results also provided a scientific basis for replacement gasoline by methanol as fuel in vehicle.
authors.affiliation: West China School of Public Health, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Zun-zhen
authors.initials: ZZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ran
authors.forename: Xiao-jing
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Gou
authors.forename: Chuan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chunhua
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Desheng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D005742:Gasoline / Q000633:toxicity*; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology; D000432:Methanol / Q000633:toxicity*; D015162:Micronucleus Tests; D009152:Mutagenicity Tests; D051381:Rats; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D005742:Gasoline; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D000432:Methanol