title: Prediction of adolescent outcome in children with disruptive behaviour disorders--a study of neurobiological, psychological and family factors.
abstract: In this preliminary study we explored the predictive influence of various family, psychological, demographic, and neurobiological characteristics on the persistence of antisocial behaviour in adolescence. Existing data were combined with case-records in a sample of 47 disruptive behaviour disordered (DBD) children who had been treated in in-patient and/or day-treatment units when they were between seven to 12 years old. Parent-rated and self-rated externalizing problem scores and the presence of a DBD diagnosis served as the outcome measures in adolescence. We used linear regression analyses to examine the predictors of adolescent outcome. A lower basal skin conductance level (SCL) was repeatedly found to predict poor adolescent outcome, either when rated by parents or by participants themselves. In addition, comorbid attention-deficit hyperactivity disorder, one aspect of performance on the door-opening task, and a mother of low socioeconomic status also predicted that a child would have more antisocial problems in adolescence, depending on the type of outcome measure. Results of this study support the fearlessness theory, according to which low activity of the autonomous nervous system, as manifested by low SCL, is related to the effectiveness of socializing punishment and accordingly to poor socialization and adolescent outcome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, B01-324, University Medical Centre Utrecht, PO Box 85500, 3508 GA Utrecht, The Netherlands. I.vanBokhoven@psych.azu.nl
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: van Bokhoven
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Matthys
authors.forename: Stephanie H M
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: van Goozen
authors.forename: Herman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Engeland
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000453:epidemiology; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D003710:Demography; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005712:Galvanic Skin Response / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012951:Socialization