title: Effect of human hydrosalpinx fluid on the development of mouse embryos and role of the concentration of growth factors in culture medium with and without hydrosalpinx fluid.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of human hydrosalpinx fluid (HF) on the development and blastulation of mouse embryos and the role of the concentration of growth factors in culture medium with and without HF. In total, 2100 mouse embryos were cultured. Female mice were induced to superovulate and then mated with males. Two-cell-stage embryos were recovered from the oviduct and cultured in Ham's F-10 medium with bovine serum albumin and HF. Epidermal growth factor (EGF) and insulin-like growth factor-I (IGF-I) were analyzed by quantitative enzyme immunoassay. Mean blastulation index of 1.11, 0.97 and 0.98 was found at HF concentration of 5%, 20% and 30%, respectively (p = 0.8). The mean value of EGF in the control culture medium without HF was 11.2 pg/ml, which was statistically significantly different from that in culture medium containing HF (p < 0.001). The mean value of IGF-I in the control group without HF was 1.30 pg/ml and was not statistically significantly different from that in culture medium containing HF. Development of the two-cell-stage embryos was not affected at low (< 30%) HF concentrations. In conclusion, the present study demonstrates that even apparently normal blastulation is affected by any concentration of HF because of low embryonic EGF.
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Reproduction, IVF Unit, First Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Alexandra Maternity Hospital, Athens University Medical School, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Dimitris
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Loutradis
authors.forename: Konstantinos
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stefanidis
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kousidis
authors.forename: Ritsa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bletsa
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Drakakis
authors.forename: Spyros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Milingos
authors.forename: Nikolaos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Makris
authors.forename: Stylianos
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Michalas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D036703:Blastula / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D003470:Culture Media; D010064:Embryo Implantation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045604:Extracellular Fluid / Q000737:chemistry; D005184:Fallopian Tube Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D005187:Fallopian Tubes / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I