title: Low levels of Her2/neu expressed by Ewing's family tumor cell lines can redirect cytokine-induced killer cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify novel treatments for pediatric solid tumors and/or for malignancies with low-level Her2/neu expression.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using fluorescence-activated cell sorting and immunohistochemistry, Her2/neu expression was determined on cell lines derived vfrom Ewing's family tumors (EFT) and neuroblastoma. Sensitivity to trastuzumab treatment was investigated using an in vitro proliferation assay. Cytotoxicity against EFT cell lines was done with either freshly isolated or ex vivo activated and expanded T cells (cytokine-induced killer cells, CIK cells), with or without addition of a CD3xHer2/neu bispecific antibody. The effects of either trastuzumab, CIK cells alone, or CD3xHer2/neu bispecific antibody redirected CIK cells was determined using a SCID/hu model of EFTs and serial, noninvasive bioluminescent imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EFT cell lines express 5- to 10-fold lower levels of her2/neu than either breast (BT-474) or ovarian (SK-OV-3) cell lines. Treatment of EFT cell lines with trastuzumab did not induce growth inhibition either in vitro or in vivo. In contrast, Her2/neu could be used to redirect CIK cell to mediate cytotoxicity against EFTs both in vitro and in vivo (using two different treatment schemas).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CD3xHer2/neu bispecific antibody and CIK cells may be a suitable approach to treat malignancies with low-level Her2/neu expression not responsive to trastuzumab.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Blood and Marrow Transplantation, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55455, USA. Verneris@UMN.edu
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Verneris
authors.forename: Arash
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arshi
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Edinger
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kornacker
authors.forename: Yaso
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Natkunam
authors.forename: Mobin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karimi
authors.forename: Mobin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Karami
authors.forename: Yu-An
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Neyssa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Marina
authors.forename: Christopher H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Contag
authors.forename: Robert S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Negrin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D000068878:Trastuzumab; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D016207:Cytokines; D018719:Erb-b2 Receptor Tyrosine Kinases; D000068878:Trastuzumab