Inhibitory effects of mediterranean sponge extracts and metabolites on larval settlement of the barnacle Balanus amphitrite.
One of the most promising alternative technologies to antifouling paints based on heavy metals is the development of coatings whose active ingredients are compounds naturally occurring in marine organisms. This approach is based on the problem of epibiosis faced by all marine organisms and the fact that a great number of them cope with it successfully. The present study investigated the antifouling activity of a series of extracts and secondary metabolites from the epibiont-free Mediterranean sponges Ircinia oros, I. spinosula, Cacospongia scalaris, Dysidea sp., and Hippospongia communis. Antifouling efficacy was evaluated by the settlement inhibition of laboratory-reared Balanus amphitrite Darwin cyprids. The most promising activity was exhibited by the metabolites 2-[24-acetoxy]-octaprenyl-1-4-hydroquinone (8a), dihydrofurospongin II (10), and the alcoholic extract of Dysidea sp.
Hellio
Claire
C
Newcastle University, School of Marine Science and Technology, Newcastle upon Tyne, NE1 7RU, U.K.
Tsoukatou
Maria
M
Maréchal
Jean-Philippe
JP
Aldred
Nick
N
Beaupoil
Claude
C
Clare
Anthony S
AS
Vagias
Constantinos
C
Roussis
Vassilios
V
D000818:Animals; D006873:Hydroquinones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008522:Mediterranean Sea; D011161:Porifera / Q000737:chemistry*; D016019:Survival Analysis; D001468:Thoracica / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D014020:Tissue Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*
D006873:Hydroquinones; D014020:Tissue Extracts