title: Severe perineal lacerations in nulliparous women and episiotomy type.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the patient-related factors associated with severe perineal lacerations in nulliparous women and to evaluate the effect of episiotomy type on the risk of severe perineal tears.
  
  
  METHODS
  In all, 400 nulliparous women admitted in labor between June and December 2001 were prospectively enrolled. Maternal height, perineal length, fetal birth weight, fetal head circumference, and severe perineal lacerations (third and fourth degrees) were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The rate of severe perineal lacerations was 2% (8/400); 3% with midline, 1% with mediolateral groups. In patients with severe lacerations, perineal length was significantly (p < 0.001) shorter and the head circumference of their babies in the midline significantly (p < 0.05) greater than normal, and birth weights were also significantly (p < 0.05) greater in the mediolateral group. A cut-off value for perineal length of 3.05 cm was found for severe lacerations in the midline group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  If episiotomy is to be performed, it must be borne in mind that patients with a perineal length of < or = 3 cm have an elevated risk of severe perineal lacerations, and if clinical or ultrasound examination suggests that the fetal head is large, mediolateral episiotomy may be preferred. Otherwise, midline episiotomy must be considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Dr. Zekai Tahir Burak Woman Health Education and Research Hospital, Ankara, Turkey. drhakanaytan@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aytan
authors.forename: Omer L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Tapisiz
authors.forename: Gorkem
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tuncay
authors.forename: Filiz A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Avsar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D036861:Delivery, Obstetric / Q000379:methods; D004841:Episiotomy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D022125:Lacerations / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010298:Parity; D010502:Perineum / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011336:Probability; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012372:ROC Curve; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology