title: Cardiac CINE imaging with IDEAL water-fat separation and steady-state free precession.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To decompose multicoil CINE steady-state free precession (SSFP) cardiac images acquired at short echo time (TE) increments into separate water and fat images, using an iterative least-squares "Dixon" (IDEAL) method.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multicoil CINE IDEAL-SSFP cardiac imaging was performed in three volunteers and 15 patients at 1.5 T.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Measurements of signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) matched theoretical expectations and were used to optimize acquisition parameters. TE increments of 0.9-1.0 msec permitted the use of repetition times (TRs) of 5 msec or less, and provided good SNR performance of the water-fat decomposition, while maintaining good image quality with a minimum of banding artifacts. Images from all studies were evaluated for fat separation and image quality by two experienced radiologists. Uniform fat separation and diagnostic image quality was achieved in all images from all studies. Examples from volunteers and patients are shown.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multicoil IDEAL-SSFP imaging can produce high quality CINE cardiac images with uniform water-fat separation, insensitive to Bo inhomogeneities. This approach provides a new method for reliable fat-suppression in cardiac imaging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Stanford University Medical Center, Stanford, California, USA. sreeder@wisc.edu
authors.forename: Scott B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Reeder
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Markl
authors.forename: Huanzhou
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Jeffrey C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hellinger
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Herfkens
authors.forename: Norbert J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Pelc
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*