Type 2 diabetes: prevalence and associated factors in a Brazilian community--the Bambuí health and aging study.
OBJECTIVE
Diabetes is an increasing cause of death in developing countries. Our objective was to describe the prevalence and clinical factors associated with diabetes and impaired fasting glycemia among adults (18-59 years) and elderly adults (60+ years).


METHODS
Population based, cross-sectional study in Bambuí, Brazil.


METHODS
816 adult and 1,494 elderly participants were interviewed; weight, height and blood pressure measured; and blood samples collected. Diabetes was defined as plasma fasting glucose > 126 mg/dl and/or use of hypoglycemic agents; impaired fasting glycemia as glycemia of 110-125 mg/dl. Associations were investigated using multinomial logistical regression (reference: fasting glycemia < 109 mg/dl).


RESULTS
Among the elderly, 218 (14.59%) presented diabetes and 199 (13.32%) impaired fasting glycemia, whereas adult prevalences were 2.33% and 5.64%. After multinomial analysis, diabetes remained associated, for adults, with increased waist-to-hip ratio and total cholesterol > 240 mg/dl; for elderly adults, with family history of diabetes, body-mass index of 25-29 kg/m(2), body-mass index > 30 kg/m(2), increased waist-to-hip ratio, low HDL-cholesterol triglyceridemia of 200-499 mg/dl and triglyceridemia > 500 mg/dl. Among adults, impaired fasting glycemia remained associated negatively with male sex and positively with ages of 40-59 years, physical inactivity and increased waist-to-hip ratio; among the elderly, with alcohol consumption, overweight, obesity and triglycerides > 200 mg/dl.


CONCLUSIONS
The results reinforce the importance of interventions to reduce physical inactivity, alcohol consumption, obesity and dyslipidemia, so as to prevent increasing incidence of diabetes.
Passos
Valéria Maria de Azeredo
VM
Centro de Pesquisas René Rachou, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Av. Alfredo Balena 190, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. vpassos@medicina.ufmg.be
Barreto
Sandhi Maria
SM
Diniz
Leonardo Maurício
LM
Lima-Costa
Maria Fernanda
MF
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001824:Body Constitution; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged