One-week once-daily triple therapy with esomeprazole, levofloxacin and azithromycin compared to a standard therapy for Helicobacter pylori eradication.
BACKGROUND
Primary antibiotic-resistance and poor compliance are the main causes of Helicobacter pylori eradication failure of standard regimens.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate eradication rate, patient compliance and tolerability of a 1-week once-daily levofloxacin plus azithromycin triple therapy versus the standard twice-daily triple therapy.


METHODS
A total of 164 H. pylori-positive patients were randomised to either esomeprazole 20mg, levofloxacin 500 mg and azithromycin 500 mg once-daily (ELAz) or esomeprazole 20mg, clarithromycin 500 mg and amoxycillin 1g twice-daily (ECA) for 1 week. H. pylori infection was defined at entry by histology and urea breath test; cure of infection was determined both by negative urea breath test and H. pylori stool antigens.


RESULTS
H. pylori eradication rates of ELAz and ECA were similar at intention-to-treat (both 65%) and per-protocol analyses (70% versus 76%, respectively). Incidence of poor compliance was lower, although not significantly, in patients randomised to ELAz than to ECA (4% versus 10%); tolerability was significantly higher for ELAz than for ECA (88% versus 70%; P=0.01).


CONCLUSIONS
Once-daily levofloxacin plus azithromycin-based triple therapy achieves an H. pylori eradication rate comparable to that of standard twice-daily triple therapy, but is associated with higher patient compliance and might even be better tolerated.
Iacopini
F
F
Gastroenterology Unit, Department of Clinical Sciences, University 'La Sapienza', Rome, Italy.
Crispino
P
P
Paoluzi
O A
OA
Consolazio
A
A
Pica
R
R
Rivera
M
M
Palladini
D
D
Nardi
F
F
Paoluzi
P
P
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D017963:Azithromycin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D064098:Esomeprazole / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D064704:Levofloxacin; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D010349:Patient Compliance / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D064704:Levofloxacin; D017963:Azithromycin; D015242:Ofloxacin; D064098:Esomeprazole