Chemokine receptor internalization and intracellular trafficking.
The internalization and intracellular trafficking of chemokine receptors have important implications for the cellular responses elicited by chemokine receptors. The major pathway by which chemokine receptors internalize is the clathrin-mediated pathway, but some receptors may utilize lipid rafts/caveolae-dependent internalization routes. This review discusses the current knowledge and controversies regarding these two different routes of endocytosis. The functional consequences of internalization and the regulation of chemokine receptor recycling will also be addressed. Modifications of chemokine receptors, such as palmitoylation, ubiquitination, glycosylation, and sulfation, may also impact trafficking, chemotaxis and signaling. Finally, this review will cover the internalization and trafficking of viral and decoy chemokine receptors.
Neel
Nicole F
NF
Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, 432 PRB, 23rd Avenue South at Pierce, Nashville, TN 37232, USA. nicole.b.fowler@vanderbilt.edu
Schutyser
Evemie
E
Sai
Jiqing
J
Fan
Guo-Huang
GH
Richmond
Ann
A
D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement; D022163:Clathrin-Coated Vesicles / Q000502:physiology*; D004705:Endocytosis; D006801:Humans; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000502:physiology; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000502:physiology; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D020691:rab GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology
D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D020691:rab GTP-Binding Proteins