[Biomechanical analysis of dynamics and statics of the moving arm in musical instrumentalists].
BACKGROUND
Biomechanical measurements of the motion organ in musicians are a separate issue of studies because of specific conditioning of complex motion functions which can be observed during playing an instrument.


METHODS
The study was carried out in a group of 368 instrumentalists, taking into consideration the measurement of biomechanical parameters before, during and after musical performance.


RESULTS
An analysis of adduction in the shoulder joint during playing an instrument showed that the largest average abduction angle appears in cellists, bassists, pianists and flutists, and it is larger in the left arm in the case of the double bass, and in the right arm in the case of the flute. The lowest average values are lowest in violinists and violists, but the static adduction of their right arm is remarkably larger.


CONCLUSIONS
The study proves that playing an instrument causes specific load of the motion organ, both static and dynamic.
Janiszewski
Mirosław
M
Z Kliniki Rehabilitacji, Akademii Swietokrzyskiej w Kielcach.
Gałuszka
Grzegorz
G
Ochwanowska
Agnieszka
A
Gaciarz
Aneta
A
Hak
Aneta
A
Ochwanowski
Paweł
P
Gałuszka
Renata
R
Oryniak
Marcin
M
D000328:Adult; D001132:Arm / Q000503:physiopathology; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D006801:Humans; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D009146:Music; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D011044:Poland; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012399:Rotation; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical