p53 mediates cellular dysfunction and behavioral abnormalities in Huntington's disease.
We present evidence for a specific role of p53 in the mitochondria-associated cellular dysfunction and behavioral abnormalities of Huntington's disease (HD). Mutant huntingtin (mHtt) with expanded polyglutamine (polyQ) binds to p53 and upregulates levels of nuclear p53 as well as p53 transcriptional activity in neuronal cultures. The augmentation is specific, as it occurs with mHtt but not mutant ataxin-1 with expanded polyQ. p53 levels are also increased in the brains of mHtt transgenic (mHtt-Tg) mice and HD patients. Perturbation of p53 by pifithrin-alpha, RNA interference, or genetic deletion prevents mitochondrial membrane depolarization and cytotoxicity in HD cells, as well as the decreased respiratory complex IV activity of mHtt-Tg mice. Genetic deletion of p53 suppresses neurodegeneration in mHtt-Tg flies and neurobehavioral abnormalities of mHtt-Tg mice. Our findings suggest that p53 links nuclear and mitochondrial pathologies characteristic of HD.
Bae
Byoung-Il
BI
Department of Neuroscience, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 725 North Wolfe Street, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
Xu
Hong
H
Igarashi
Shuichi
S
Fujimuro
Masahiro
M
Agrawal
Nishant
N
Taya
Yoichi
Y
Hayward
S Diane
SD
Moran
Timothy H
TH
Montell
Craig
C
Ross
Christopher A
CA
Snyder
Solomon H
SH
Sawa
Akira
A
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D001519:Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D003720:Densitometry; D004330:Drosophila; D004579:Electron Transport / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D004924:Escape Reaction / Q000502:physiology; D017353:Gene Deletion; D017930:Genes, Reporter / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D000071058:Huntingtin Protein; D006816:Huntington Disease / Q000473:pathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000502:physiology; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000502:physiology* / Q000633:toxicity; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000502:physiology* / Q000633:toxicity; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D012162:Retinal Degeneration / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000502:physiology; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000502:physiology*
C086055:HTT protein, human; C506812:Htt protein, mouse; D000071058:Huntingtin Protein; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53