Migratory Langerhans cells in mouse lymph nodes in steady state and inflammation.
Dendritic cells cells induce immunity or-in the steady state-maintain peripheral tolerance. Little is known in that regard about Langerhans cells. Therefore, we investigated migrating Langerhans cells in the steady-state versus inflammation. Increased numbers of Langerhans cells, as determined by immunostaining for Langerin/CD207, appeared in the lymph nodes in response to a contact allergen. Whereas a large proportion of Langerhans cells expressed CD86 in the steady state, CD40, and CD80 were found on a smaller percentage. During inflammation, more CD40(+), CD80(+), CD274/B7-H1/PD-L1(+), and CD273/B7-DC/PD-L2(+) Langerhans cells were found in the lymph nodes, and they expressed higher levels of these molecules. CD275/inducible T cell co-stimulator (ICOS) ligand was not detected. Langerhans cells in the nodes of contact allergen-treated mice produced more IL-12p40/70. This correlated with more interferon-gamma being produced by activated lymph node T cells. Epicutaneous immunization with ovalbumin under inflammatory conditions led to a more vigorous proliferation of antigen-specific CD4 T cells in vitro and in vivo as compared with immunization in the steady state. The latter modality, however did not induce strong CD4 T cell tolerance in this model. Thus, the overall phenotype of Langerhans cells is not an indicator for their immunogenic or tolerogenic potential.
Stoitzner
Patrizia
P
Department of Dermatology, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria. patrizia.stoitzner@uibk.ac.at
Tripp
Christoph H
CH
Douillard
Patrice
P
Saeland
Sem
S
Romani
Nikolaus
N
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000378:metabolism; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; D019013:CD40 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007249:Inflammation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007801:Langerhans Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000378:metabolism*; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D015703:Antigens, CD; D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D051940:B7-2 Antigen; D019013:CD40 Antigens; C497965:Cd86 protein, mouse; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins