Triggered phagocytosis by Salmonella: bacterial molecular mimicry of RhoGTPase activation/deactivation.
Salmonella Typhimurium uses the type III secretion system encoded in the Salmonella pathogenicity island I (SPI-1 TTSS) to inject toxins (effector proteins) into host cells. Here, we focus on the functional mechanism of three of these toxins: SopE, SopE2, and SptP. All three effector proteins change the GTP/GDP loading state of RhoGTPases by transient interactions. SopE and SopE2 mimic eukaryotic G-nucleotide exchange factors and thereby activate RhoGTPase signaling pathways in infected host cells. In contrast, a domain of SptP inactivates RhoGTPases by mimicking the activity of eukaryotic GTPase-activating proteins. The Salmonella-host cell interaction provides an excellent example for the use of molecular mimicry by bacterial pathogens.
Institute of Microbiology, ETH Zürich, Wolfgang-Pauli-Strasse 10, 8093 Zürich, Switzerland.
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Schlumberger
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Hardt
D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D006153:Guanosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008958:Models, Molecular; D018716:Molecular Mimicry; D010587:Phagocytosis; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000472:pathogenicity* / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D020764:cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; C103987:SopE protein, Salmonella; C436324:SopE2 protein, Salmonella typhimurium; D037521:Virulence Factors; D006153:Guanosine Diphosphate; D006160:Guanosine Triphosphate; D020764:cdc42 GTP-Binding Protein; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins