Inhibition of implant-associated infections via nitric oxide release.
The in vivo antibacterial activity of nitric oxide (NO)-releasing xerogel coatings was evaluated against an aggressive subcutaneous Staphylococcus aureus infection in a rat model. The NO-releasing implants were created by coating a medical-grade silicone elastomer with a sol-gel-derived (xerogel) film capable of storing NO. Four of the bare or xerogel-coated silicone materials were subcutaneously implanted into male rats. Ten rats were administered 10 microl of a 10(8) cfuml(-1)S. aureus colony directly into the subcutaneous pocket with the implant prior to wound closure. Infection was quantitatively and qualitatively evaluated after 8d of implantation with microbiological and histological methods, respectively. A 82% reduction in the number of infected implants was achieved with the NO-releasing coating. Histology revealed that the capsule formation around infected bare silicone rubber controls was immunoactive and that a biofilm may have formed. Capsule formation in response to NO-releasing implants had greater vascularity in comparison with uninoculated or untreated controls. These results suggest that NO-releasing coatings may dramatically reduce the incidence of biomaterial-associated infection.
Department of Chemistry, The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, 27599-3290, USA.
Brian J
BJ
Nablo
Heather L
HL
Prichard
Renita D
RD
Butler
Bruce
B
Klitzman
Mark H
MH
Schoenfisch
D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry*; D004343:Drug Implants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D020100:Hydrogels / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry*; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004343:Drug Implants; D020100:Hydrogels; D009569:Nitric Oxide