Complete substitution of cyclophosphamide by fludarabine and ATG in a busulfan-based preparative regimen for children and adolescents with beta-thalassemia.
Children and adolescents with homozygous beta-thalassemia can be cured by transplantation of normal stem cells after eradication of the thalassemic hematopoietic system. In an attempt to achieve durable engraftment and to minimize regimen-related toxicity (RRT), we have initiated a fludarabine-based pilot protocol not containing cyclophosphamide. Between 1999 and 2004, five children with beta-thalassemia major were enrolled. Median age at transplantation was 11.5 years (range 4-14 years). Three patients received conditioning with fludarabine (30 mg/m2/day x 6), oral busulfan (3.5 mg/kg/day x 4), and ATG rabbit Fresenius (10 mg/kg/day x 4). Two children received intravenous busulfan instead of oral busulfan at a dose of 2 x 1.4 mg/kg/day x 4 days. All children were transplanted with a fresh bone marrow graft from an HLA-identical sibling. Mean cell doses given were 3.7 x 10(8) nucleated cells/kg BW (range 2.4-6.2 x 10(8)/kg). Overall, 5/5 patients achieved donor engraftment and are alive and well. No GVHD exceeding grade I was observed, and 2/5 children maintained donor chimerism at 100%. One patient maintains mixed hematopoietic donor chimerism being between 94 and 97% nearly 5 years after transplant.
Pediatric Hematology-Oncolgy, Hannover Medical University, Hannover, Germany. sauer.martin@mh-hannover.de
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Sauer
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Bettoni
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Lauten
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Ghosh
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Rehe
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Grigull
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Beilken
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Welte
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Sykora
D000293:Adolescent; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000517:prevention & control; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D018183:Transplantation Chimera; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning / Q000379:methods; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D017086:beta-Thalassemia / Q000628:therapy*
D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents