Intermittent hydrostatic compression promotes nitric oxide production and osteodifferentiation of fetal dural cells.
OBJECTIVE
The aim of these studies was to evaluate the biologic response of fetal dural cell cultures to compressive mechanical force.


METHODS
Primary cell cultures from the dura mater of E18 CD-1 mice were subjected to 2 PSI of intermittent hydrostatic compression (IHC) at a frequency of 0.5 Hz. Quantitative measures of the expression of Osterix (Osx), osteopontin (OP), endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and Noggin were performed by RT-PCR following 3, 6, and 12 hours of exposure to IHC. Nitric oxide production was quantified through the measurement of NO metabolites following 6 hours of exposure to IHC.


RESULTS
IHC resulted in an increase in Osx, OP, and eNOS expression compared with controls at all time points. The expression of Noggin decreased at all time points. Exposure to IHC resulted in a significant increase in the production of NO metabolites at 6 hours when compared with controls.


CONCLUSIONS
These experiments indicate that dural cell biology is significantly altered following exposure to IHC. Specifically, IHC promotes production of NO and osteodifferentiation in fetal dural cell cultures, with increases in the expression of osteoinductive genes and decreases in inhibitors of osteogenesis.
Division of Plastic Surgery, Department of Surgery, and the Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
James M
JM
Smartt
Ines C
IC
Lin
Harry
H
Ischiropoulos
Richard E
RE
Kirschner
D000818:Animals; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004388:Dura Mater / Q000166:cytology*; D005333:Fetus; D015870:Gene Expression; D006874:Hydrostatic Pressure; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D053495:Osteopontin; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000076182:Sp7 Transcription Factor; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000099176:Noggin Protein
D002352:Carrier Proteins; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D053495:Osteopontin; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D000076182:Sp7 Transcription Factor; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000099176:Noggin Protein; C479466:Sp7 protein, mouse; C506896:Spp1 protein, mouse