On-line liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry for the characterization of kappa- and iota-carrageenans. Application to the hybrid iota-/nu-carrageenans.
An on-line liquid chromatography electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (MS) method was developed for the characterization of polymers of kappa- (extracted from Kappaphycus alvarezii), iota-, and hybrid iota-/nu-carrageenans (both extracted from Eucheuma denticulatum) enzymatically digested with specific carrageenase enzymes. Applying either CID MS/MS or in-source fragmentation mechanisms, the results demonstrated that none of the polymers of kappa- or iota-carrageenans existed with their ideal repeating units. On the polymer of kappa-carrageenan, the nonideal structures identified consisted of iota-neocarrabiose sulfate units. On the polymer of iota-carrageenan, the nonideal structures identified consisted of the following: (i) kappa-neocarrabiose sulfate units, (ii) iota-neocarrabiose sulfate units with an additional sulfate group, and (iii) iota-neocarrabiose sulfate units with an additional sulfate and a pyruvate acetal group. For both kappa- and iota-carrageenans, the nonideal structures were randomly distributed on the polymers. The method was then applied for the characterization of a hybrid polymer of iota-/nu-carrageenans, enzymatically digested with iota-carrageenase. The results did not reveal an ideal oligosaccharide of nu-carrageenan, suggesting that the iota-carrageenase enzyme could cleave only reduced "densities" of nu-carrageenan repeating units. In addition, information about the sequence of hybrid iota-/nu-carrageenans from E. denticulatum is deduced.
Antonopoulos
Aristotelis
A
UMR CNRS 6005, Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique (ICOA), Université d'Orléans, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
Favetta
Patrick
P
Helbert
William
W
Lafosse
Michel
M
D002236:Carbohydrate Conformation; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D000461:Rhodophyta / Q000378:metabolism; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*
D002351:Carrageenan