Significance of hepatitis B virus genotype in liver transplantation for chronic hepatitis B.
Hepatitis B virus (HBV) genotype influences chronic hepatitis B disease profile but its relevance in liver transplantation (LTx) is not known. HBV genotype was identified by direct sequencing from pre-transplant sera of 119 patients who underwent LTx using lamivudine prophylaxis (genotype A,1; B,43; C,74; D,1). The baseline characteristics and outcome of 43 genotype B and 74 genotype C patients were compared. Genotype B patients had significantly more pre-transplant acute flare, worse liver functions and higher model for end-stage liver disease score. Fewer genotype B patients had HBeAg (13% vs. 32%; p=0.017), but HBV DNA seropositivity (by bDNA assay) was comparable (26% vs. 23%; p=0.727). The 3-year graft survival was 83% for genotype B and 89% for genotype C (p=0.2). The rate of HBsAg clearance or seroreversion was the same. The cumulative rate of viral breakthrough due to lamivudine-resistant mutants at 3 years was 4% for genotype B and 21% for genotype C (p=0.017). Liver biopsy after viral breakthrough showed recurrent hepatitis B in 7 of 10 genotype C patients, including 2 with fibrosing cholestatic hepatitis, and no histologic recurrence in 2 genotype B patients. In conclusion, HBV genotypes B and C are associated with different patterns of end-stage liver diseases that required transplantation, and genotype C may carry a greater risk and severity of recurrence due to lamivudine-resistant mutants.
Lo
Chung Mau
CM
Department of Surgery, Centre for the Study of Liver Disease, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China. chungmlo@hkucc.hku.hk
Cheung
Cindy K
CK
Lau
George K
GK
Yuen
Man Fung
MF
Liu
Chi Leung
CL
Chan
See Ching
SC
Fan
Sheung Tat
ST
Wong
John
J
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics*; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000601:surgery*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011300:Preoperative Care; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D019259:Lamivudine