In-hospital mortality in patients with acute decompensated heart failure requiring intravenous vasoactive medications: an analysis from the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry (ADHERE).
OBJECTIVE
We sought to compare the in-hospital mortality of patients with acute decompensated heart failure (ADHF) who were receiving parenteral treatment with one of four intravenous vasoactive medications.


BACKGROUND
There are limited data regarding the effects of the choice of intravenous vasoactive medication on in-hospital mortality in patients hospitalized with ADHF.


METHODS
This was a retrospective analysis of observational patient data from the Acute Decompensated Heart Failure National Registry (ADHERE), a multicenter registry designed to prospectively collect data on each episode of hospitalization for ADHF and its clinical outcomes. Data from the first 65,180 patient episodes (October 2001 to July 2003) were included in this analysis. Cases in which patients received nitroglycerin, nesiritide, milrinone, or dobutamine were identified and reviewed (n = 15,230). Risk factor and propensity score-adjusted odds ratios (ORs) for in-hospital mortality were calculated.


RESULTS
Patients who received intravenous nitroglycerin or nesiritide had lower in-hospital mortality than those treated with dobutamine or milrinone. The risk factor and propensity score-adjusted ORs for nitroglycerin were 0.69 (95% confidence interval [CI] 0.53 to 0.89, p < or = 0.005) and 0.46 (94% CI 0.37 to 0.57, p < or = 0.005) compared with milrinone and dobutamine, respectively. The corresponding values for nesiritide compared with milrinone and dobutamine were 0.59 (95% CI 0.48 to 0.73, p < or = 0.005) and 0.47 (95% CI 0.39 to 0.56, p < or = 0.005), respectively. The adjusted OR for nesiritide compared with nitroglycerin was 0.94 (95% CI 0.77 to 1.16, p = 0.58).


CONCLUSIONS
Therapy with either a natriuretic peptide or vasodilator was associated with significantly lower in-hospital mortality than positive inotropic therapy in patients hospitalized with ADHF. The risk of in-hospital mortality was similar for nesiritide and nitroglycerin.
Abraham
William T
WT
Division of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, Ohio, USA. abraham-1@medctr.osu.edu
Adams
Kirkwood F
KF
Fonarow
Gregg C
GC
Costanzo
Maria Rosa
MR
Berkowitz
Robert L
RL
LeJemtel
Thierry H
TH
Cheng
Mei L
ML
Wynne
Janet
J
D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002317:Cardiovascular Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004280:Dobutamine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality*; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020105:Milrinone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
D002317:Cardiovascular Agents; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D004280:Dobutamine; D005996:Nitroglycerin; D020105:Milrinone