Short-term effects of prone position in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease patients with severe acute hypoxemic and hypercapnic respiratory failure.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the short-term effects of prone positioning (PP) in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) patients with severe hypoxemic and hypercapnic respiratory failure requiring invasive mechanical ventilation.


METHODS
Prospective observational study in the general intensive care unit of a university-affiliated hospital.


METHODS
11 consecutive COPD patients with persistent hypoxemia (PaO2/FIO2 < or = 200 mmHg with FIO2 > or = 0.6) and hypercapnia requiring invasive mechanical ventilation. Patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome or left ventricular failure were excluded. Mean age was 73+/-11 years, mean weight 86+/-31 kg, mean SAPS II 53+/-10, and ICU mortality 36%.


METHODS
Patients were turned every 6 h.


RESULTS
A response to PP (20% or greater PaO2/FIO2 increase) was noted in 9 (83%) patients. Blood gases were measured in the PP and supine (SP) positions 3 h after each turn, for 36 h, yielding six measurement sets (SP1, PP1, SP2, PP2, SP3, and PP3). PaO2/FIO2 was significantly better in PP: 190+/-26 vs. 113+/-9 mmHg for PP1/SP1, 175+/-22 vs. 135+/-16 mmHg for PP2/SP2, and 199+/-24 vs. 151+/-13 mmHg for PP3/SP3. After PP1 PaO2/FIO2 remained significantly improved, and the PaO2/FIO2 improvement from SP1 to SP2 was linearly related to PaO2/FIO2 during PP1 (r=0.8). The tracheal aspirate volume improved significantly from SP1 to PP1. PaCO2 was not significantly affected by position.


CONCLUSIONS
PP was effective in treating severe hypoxemia in COPD patients. The first turn in PP was associated with increased tracheal aspirate.
Medical-Surgical Intensive Care Unit, District Hospital Center, 85025 la Roche-sur-Yon, France. jean.reignier@chd-vendee.fr
Jean
J
Reignier
Olivier
O
Lejeune
Benoit
B
Renard
Maud
M
Fiancette
Christine
C
Lebert
Frederic
F
Bontemps
Eva
E
Clementi
Laurent
L
Martin-Lefevre
D000368:Aged; D001784:Blood Gas Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006935:Hypercapnia / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D016684:Prone Position; D011446:Prospective Studies; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications*; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000379:methods; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome