Anthrax vaccines.
Anthrax, an uncommon disease in humans, is caused by a large bacterium, Bacillus anthracis. The risk of inhalation infection is the main indication for anthrax vaccination. Pre-exposure vaccination is provided by an acellular vaccine (anthrax vaccine adsorbed or AVA), which contains anthrax toxin elements and results in protective immunity after 3 to 6 doses. Anthrax vaccine precipitated (AVP) is administered at primovaccination in 3 doses with a booster dose after 6 months. To evoke and maintain protective immunity, it is necessary to administer a booster dose once at 12 months. In Russia, live spore vaccine (STI) has been used in a two-dose schedule. Current anthrax vaccines show considerable local and general reactogenicity (erythema, induration, soreness, fever). Serious adverse reactions occur in about 1% of vaccinations. New second-generation vaccines in current research programs include recombinant live vaccines and recombinant sub-unit vaccines.
Splino
Miroslav
M
Department of Epidemiology, Military Medical Academy, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic.
Patocka
Jiri
J
Prymula
Roman
R
Chlibek
Roman
R
D016907:Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems; D000818:Animals; D000881:Anthrax / Q000517:prevention & control; D022122:Anthrax Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology; D023482:Bioterrorism; D006801:Humans; D007117:Immunization, Secondary; D014481:United States
D022122:Anthrax Vaccines