Sex differences in cell death.
Female patients experience substantial neuroprotection after experimental stroke compared with male patients, a finding attributed to the protective effects of gonadal hormones. This study examined the response of male- and female-derived organotypic hippocampal slices to oxidative and excitotoxic injury. Both oxygen and glucose deprivation and N-methyl-D-aspartic acid exposure led to neuronal death; however, female-derived cultures sustained less injury than male-derived cultures. Cell death after oxygen and glucose deprivation was ameliorated in male cultures, but not female cultures, by the addition of 7-nitroindazole, a neuronal nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. These studies have relevance to researchers investigating neuroprotective agents in mixed sex experiments.
Department of Neuropathology, Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Hong
H
Li
Scott
S
Pin
Zhiyuan
Z
Zeng
Michael M
MM
Wang
Katrin A
KA
Andreasson
Louise D
LD
McCullough
D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D005947:Glucose / Q000172:deficiency; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology*; D000860:Hypoxia; D007191:Indazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D016202:N-Methylaspartate / Q000633:toxicity; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D055748:SOXB1 Transcription Factors; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006609:High Mobility Group Proteins; D007191:Indazoles; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D055748:SOXB1 Transcription Factors; D014157:Transcription Factors; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005947:Glucose; C080122:7-nitroindazole