Imaging in breast cancer: Single-photon computed tomography and positron-emission tomography.
Although mammography remains a key imaging method for the early detection and screening of breast cancer, the overall accuracy of this test remains low. Several radiopharmaceuticals have been proposed as adjunct imaging methods to characterize breast masses by single-photon-emission computed tomography (SPECT) and positron-emission tomography (PET). Useful in characterizing indeterminate palpable masses and in the detection of axillary metastases, these techniques are insufficiently sensitive to detect subcentimetric tumor deposits. Their role in staging nodal involvement of the axillary areas therefore currently remains limited. Several enzymes and receptors have been targeted for imaging breast cancers with PET. [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose is particularly useful in the detection and staging of recurrent breast cancer and in assessing the response to chemotherapy. Several other ligands targeting proliferative activity, protein synthesis, and hormone and cell-membrane receptors may complement this approach by providing unique information about biological characteristics of breast cancer across primary and metastatic tumor sites.
Bénard
François
F
Metabolic and Functional Imaging Center, Clinical Research Center, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Sherbrooke, Fleurimont, QC, Canada. francois.benard@usherbrooke.ca
Turcotte
Eric
E
D000596:Amino Acids; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D009705:Nucleosides; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000596:Amino Acids; D008024:Ligands; D009705:Nucleosides; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18