EAU guidelines on the diagnosis and treatment of urothelial carcinoma in situ.
OBJECTIVE
On behalf of the European Association of Urology (EAU), guidelines for the diagnosis, therapy and follow-up of patients with urothelial carcinoma in situ (CIS) have been established.


METHODS
The recommendations in these guidelines are based on a recent comprehensive overview and meta-analysis in which two panel members have been involved (RS and AVDM). A systematic literature search was conducted using Medline, the US Physicians' Data Query (PDQ), the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, and reference lists in trial publications and review articles.


RESULTS
Recommendations are provided for the diagnosis, conservative and radical surgical treatment, and follow-up of patients with CIS. Levels of evidence are influenced by the lack of large randomized trials in the treatment of CIS.
van der Meijden
Adrian P M
AP
Department of Urology, Jeroen Bosch Hospital, Hertogenbosch, The Netherlands. a.v.d.meijden@jbz.nl
Sylvester
Richard
R
Oosterlinck
Willem
W
Solsona
Eduardo
E
Boehle
Andreas
A
Lobel
Bernard
B
Rintala
Erkki
E
D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005060:Europe; D006801:Humans; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*