Genotypic versus phenotypic characterization, with respect to susceptibility and identification, of 17 clinical isolates of Staphylococcus lugdunensis.
OBJECTIVE
To compare different methods for the identification and determination of susceptibility to penicillin and methicillin of Staphylococcus lugdunensis.


METHODS
Seventeen clinical isolates of S. lugdunensis (identified by PCR amplification and sequencing of the rpoB gene) were studied using the ATB32-Staph, Crystal, Vitek 2 and Wider commercial systems. The clumping factor test and the tube coagulase test were also performed. Beta-lactamase production was studied by chromogenic methods. Methicillin resistance was phenotypically studied by the MRSA slide latex agglutination test, growth in MRSA agar, and the Vitek 2 and Wider systems (based on oxacillin MIC), and genotypically studied by detection of the mecA gene by PCR.


RESULTS
The clumping factor test was negative in 35.3% of strains. All isolates were correctly identified to species level by the ATB32-Staph system. Species misidentification rates were 5.9%, 23.5% and 29.4% with the Crystal, the Vitek 2 and the Wider systems, respectively, mostly as Staphylococcus haemolyticus. Beta-lactamase was present in 11.8% of strains. Whereas 76.5% and 47.1% of strains exhibited oxacillin resistance (MIC range 0.5-2 mg/L) by the Vitek 2 system and the Wider system, respectively, none of the strains was positive in the MRSA slide latex agglutination test or grew in MRSA agar. All strains lacked the mecA gene.


CONCLUSIONS
The clumping factor test and some commercial systems may misidentify S. lugdunensis. Oxacillin resistance detected by commercial systems is not indicative of the presence of the mecA gene. These facts, together with beta-lactamase production, may preclude adequate treatment of infections by this virulent coagulase-negative Staphylococcus.
Mateo
María
M
Microbiology Department, Hospital Gómez-Ulla, Gta. del Ejército s/n, 28007 Madrid, Spain.
Maestre
Juan-Ramón
JR
Aguilar
Lorenzo
L
Cafini
Fabio
F
Puente
Pilar
P
Sánchez
Paloma
P
Alou
Luis
L
Giménez
María-José
MJ
Prieto
José
J
D003428:Cross Infection / Q000382:microbiology*; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007841:Latex Fixation Tests; D016106:Methicillin Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010068:Oxacillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D010403:Penicillin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D010641:Phenotype; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D013210:Staphylococcus / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000378:metabolism
D001618:beta-Lactamases; D010068:Oxacillin