Riluzole augmentation in treatment-resistant obsessive-compulsive disorder: an open-label trial.
BACKGROUND
Most patients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) show only partial reduction of symptoms with standard therapy. Recent imaging data suggests glutamatergic dysfunction in the corticostriatal pathway in OCD. We investigated the efficacy of augmentation therapy with riluzole, a glutamate-modulating agent, in treatment-resistant OCD.


METHODS
Thirteen patients aged between 18 and 65 years with a primary diagnosis of OCD that had proven resistant to standard treatment were treated with the addition of riluzole to their existing pharmacotherapy. Yale-Brown Obsessive Compulsive Scale (Y-BOCS), Hamilton Depression Inventory (HAM-D), and Hamilton Anxiety Inventory (HAM-A) scores were obtained weekly.


RESULTS
Thirteen treatment-resistant OCD patients received riluzole 50 mg twice a day. Y-BOCS scores improved significantly over time. Of 13 patients, 7 (54%) demonstrated a >35% reduction in Y-BOCS scores, and 5 (39%) were categorized as treatment responders. HAM-D and HAM-A scores for the group also significantly improved over time. Riluzole was well tolerated with no serious adverse effects noted.


CONCLUSIONS
Riluzole appears to have significant antiobsessional, antidepressant, and antianxiety properties. The addition of this agent may be of practical clinical benefit in patients with OCD.
Coric
Vladimir
V
Department of Psychiatry, Yale University School of Medicine and Connecticut Mental Health Center, 34 Park Street, New Haven, CT 06519, USA. vladimir.coric@yale.edu
Taskiran
Sarper
S
Pittenger
Christopher
C
Wasylink
Suzanne
S
Mathalon
Daniel H
DH
Valentine
Gerald
G
Saksa
John
J
Wu
Yu-Te
YT
Gueorguieva
Ralitza
R
Sanacora
Gerard
G
Malison
Robert T
RT
Krystal
John H
JH
D000328:Adult; D004351:Drug Resistance; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019782:Riluzole / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D019782:Riluzole