Calibration, information, and control strategies for braking to avoid a collision.
This study explored visual control strategies for braking to avoid collision by manipulating information about speed of self-motion. Participants watched computer-generated displays and used a brake to stop at an object in the path of motion. Global optic flow rate and edge rate were manipulated by adjusting eye-height and ground-texture size. Stopping distance, initiation of braking, and the magnitude of brake adjustments were influenced by both optical variables, but global optic flow rate had a stronger effect. A new model is introduced according to which braking is controlled by keeping the perceived ideal deceleration, based in part on global optic flow rate, within a "safe" region between 0 and the maximum deceleration of the brake.
Fajen
Brett R
BR
Department of Cognitive Science, Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute, Carnegie Building 308, 110 8th Street, Troy, NY 12180, USA. fajenb@rpi.edu
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000523:psychology*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003654:Deceleration; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009039:Motion Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D009949:Orientation / Q000502:physiology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D011601:Psychophysics; D011930:Reaction Time; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology*