Response inhibition and attention deficit hyperactivity disorder with and without oppositional defiant disorder screened from a community sample.
The study compared performance of children with high levels of attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD; n=22), children with ADHD and oppositional defiant disorder (ODD; n=19), and a control group (n=20) on a Go-No-go test in a self-paced and computer-paced condition. Each condition, in turn, was run in a reward and a nonreward condition. The children were recruited through screening of a school population without ADHD or ODD (N=450). Findings indicated that children having high levels of ADHD plus ODD showed poor impulse control in all 4 conditions. No poor impulse control was found in the group with high levels of ADHD. This group demonstrated slower RTs across the computer-paced conditions. Findings were discussed in terms of the response-inhibition hypothesis, as formulated by Barkley (1997), the delay-aversion theory (Sonuga-Barke, 1995), and the state-regulation theory (Van der Meere, 2002).
Laboratory of Developmental and Experimental Clinical Psychology, Groningen, The Netherlands.
Jaap
J
Van der Meere
Gian Marco
GM
Marzocchi
Tiziana
T
De Meo
D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D019958:Attention Deficit and Disruptive Behavior Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012201:Reward