Giardia and Cryptosporidium in mammalian wildlife--current status and future needs.
Environmental pollution with human and domestic-animal fecal material is recognized as a potential pathogen pathway for wildlife infections with zooanthropomorphic protozoan parasites such as Giardia and Cryptosporidium. In this article, we review current knowledge about the diversity of free-living and captive terrestrial and marine mammalian wildlife species infected with Giardia and Cryptosporidium. The combination of prevalence studies with modern molecular-genotyping techniques is providing valuable insights into the host specificity and possible transmission routes of these two important parasites.
Appelbee
Amber J
AJ
World Health Organization Collaborating Centre for the Molecular Epidemiology of Parasitic Infections, School of Veterinary and Biomedical Science, Murdoch University, Murdoch 6150, Australia. ajappelbe@ucalgary.ca
Thompson
R C Andrew
RC
Olson
Merle E
ME
D000818:Animals; D000835:Animals, Wild / Q000469:parasitology*; D003457:Cryptosporidiosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D003458:Cryptosporidium / Q000254:growth & development*; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005872:Giardia / Q000254:growth & development*; D005873:Giardiasis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D008322:Mammals / Q000469:parasitology*; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission