Vaccination of sheep against M. paratuberculosis: immune parameters and protective efficacy.
Johne's disease in ruminants is caused by the pathogenic bacterium Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map). Currently available Map commercial vaccines protect against clinical disease but not infection. In this study, the proprietary Johne's vaccine Neoparasec and an aqueous formulation of Map 316F (AquaVax) were tested in sheep. Detailed immunological examination of blood and gut-associated lymphoid tissues was carried out on animals after vaccination and challenge with virulent Map to identify markers of protective immunity. Neoparasec vaccination provided significant protection against disease while AquaVax did not. Immune animals had stronger cell-mediated responses and altered proportions of CD4+, CD8+, CD25+ and B cells in blood, spleen and the gut lymphatics, than diseased animals.
Disease Research Laboratory, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin, New Zealand.
D J
DJ
Begg
J F T
JF
Griffin
D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000032:analysis; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D016131:Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D016927:Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis / Q000276:immunology*; D010283:Paratuberculosis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2 / Q000032:analysis; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology
D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D015375:Receptors, Interleukin-2; D007371:Interferon-gamma