FcgammaRIIIb genotypes and smoking in periodontal disease progression among community-dwelling older adults in Japan.
BACKGROUND
FcgammaRIIIb genotypes and smoking are risk factors for periodontal disease. However, the interaction of FcgammaRIIIb- NA1-NA2 polymorphism with smoking remains unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine if FcgammaRIIIb-NA1-NA2 polymorphism and smoking are associated with periodontal disease progression among elderly people.


METHODS
Among 70-year-old subjects, 164 with neither diabetes mellitus nor blood sugar > or =140 mg/dl, who had more than 20 teeth and who could participate in both the baseline and the follow-up examinations were included in the study. The NA1 group comprised subjects with FcgammaRIIIb-NA1NA1 genotype (N = 53), while the NA2 group included subjects with FcgammaRIIIb-NA1NA2 or NA2NA2 genotype (N = 111). We examined the progression of periodontitis by measuring attachment loss during 3 years.


RESULTS
The frequency of subjects who showed > or =4 mm additional attachment loss at one or more sites was 55.6% for smokers and 37.2% for non-smokers. The odds ratio (OR) was 2.13 (confidence interval [CI]: 0.92 to 4.76). We found a better association between periodontal progression and smoking in the NA2 group. The OR for smokers was 3.03 (CI:1.12 to 8.33, P = 0.028). Additionally, the mean number of sites with > or =4 mm additional attachment loss per person between smokers and non-smokers in the NA2 group or between smokers and non-smokers in the NA1 group was 2.90 3.42 and 0.74 1.53 or 0.57 0.79 and 0.68 1.03, respectively (P <0.001; analysis of variance [ANOVA]).


CONCLUSIONS
Our results may suggest an association between smoking and periodontal disease progression in elderly people with FcgammaRIIIb-NA2 polymorphism.
Division of Preventive Dentistry, Department of Oral Health Science, Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Niigata University, Niigata, Japan.
Akihiro
A
Yoshihara
Noriko
N
Sugita
Kouji
K
Yamamoto
Tetsuo
T
Kobayashi
Toshinobu
T
Hirotomi
Hiroshi
H
Ogawa
Hideo
H
Miyazaki
Hiromasa
H
Yoshie
D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D017452:Receptors, IgG / Q000235:genetics*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000235:genetics*
D015703:Antigens, CD; C428200:FCGR3B protein, human; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D017452:Receptors, IgG