Mullerian agenesis and thrombocytopenia absent radius syndrome: a case report and review of syndromes associated with Mullerian agenesis.
Mullerian agenesis, commonly referred to as Mayer-Rokitansky-Kuster-Hauser syndrome (MRKHS), is a congenital defect that is most commonly associated with renal and spinal malformations. It is very rare for Mullerian agenesis to be accompanied by malformations of the extremities. In this report, we describe a 22-year-old woman with Mullerian agenesis and thrombocytopenia absent radius syndrome (TARS). We also review rare syndromes associated with Mullerian anomalies, including Mullerian hypoplasia/aplasia-renal agenesis-cervicothoracic somite dysplasia (MURCS), Roberts syndrome, Bardet-Biedl syndrome (BBS), McKusick-Kaufman syndrome (MKS), Wolf-Hirschhorn syndrome, and others. The pathogenesis of these complex malformation syndromes is not well understood as a result of their sporadic occurrence. However, some of these syndromes do follow a pattern of inheritance, suggesting that they could provide insights into our understanding of their origins.


BACKGROUND
Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Family Physicians


OBJECTIVE
After completion of this article, the reader should be able to review the rare congenital defects associated with Mullerian agenesis, to determine the genetic etiologies of the associated syndromes with Mullerian agenesis, and to discuss information for parental counseling related to inheritance patterns and growth and development of the affected child.
Behera
Millie
M
Division of Reproductive Endocrinology, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA.
Couchman
Grace
G
Walmer
David
D
Price
Thomas M
TM
D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009095:Mullerian Ducts / Q000002:abnormalities*; D009139:Musculoskeletal Abnormalities / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D011884:Radius / Q000002:abnormalities*; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital*; D014564:Urogenital Abnormalities / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology