Postoperative cardiac intensive care outcome for Down syndrome children.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study is to review the postoperative intensive care unit (ICU) course, complications and outcome of Down's syndrome children undergoing surgical repair of congenital heart diseases (CHD).


METHODS
A retrospective chart review analysis of intensive care course and outcome of Down syndrome children undergoing surgical repair of congenital heart diseases (CHD) from May 2000 to May 2004. The study was conducted in the Pediatric Cardiac ICU, King Abdul-Aziz Cardiac Center of National Guard Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. All Down's syndrome children who had surgical repair during the study period were included.


RESULTS
During the study period, 80 patients (31 males and 49 females) with Down's syndrome had surgical repair of CHD. Their average weight was 5.8 +/- 0.3 kg and age was 11.7 +/- 1.5 months. Their primary surgical interventions were as follow: atrio-ventricular septal defect repair (44), ventricular septal defect closure (24), patent ductus arteriosus ligation (6), secundum atrial septal defect closure (3), and tetralogy of Fallot repair (3). Postoperative complications occurred in 19 patients (23%). Few patients had more than one complication. The compilations were as follow: 8 patients (10%) had sepsis, 3 (4%) required permanent pacemaker insertion, 4 (5%) had chylothorax, 2 (2.5%) had life threatening pulmonary hypertensive crisis with full recovery after proper managements, 5 (6%) needed prolong intubation, more than 7 days, and one patient (1.2%) required tracheostomy. All patients survived and were discharged home except one (1.2%) who expired 8 weeks after surgery from sepsis and multi-organ failure.


CONCLUSIONS
Patients with Down's syndrome undergoing CHD repair had an acceptable postoperative morbidity and low mortality. Their results are comparable to non-Down's cardiac patients. From an ICU perspective, the majority of these patients do well postoperatively with good ICU outcome.
Kabbani
Mohamed S
MS
Department of Cardiac Science (Mail Code 1413), Pediatric Cardiac Intensive Care Unit, King Abdul-Aziz Medical City, PO Box 22490, Riyadh 11426, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. mskabbani@hotmail.com
Giridhar
Santhanam
S
Elbarbary
Mahmoud
M
Elgamal
Mohamed-Adel
MA
Najm
Hani
H
Godman
Michael
M
D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004314:Down Syndrome; D005260:Female; D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D015278:Intensive Care Units, Pediatric; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications