G-protein beta-3 subunit gene C825 T polymorphism: influence on plasma sodium and potassium concentrations in essential hypertensive patients.
The C825T polymorphism of the beta-3 subunit of the protein G (GNB3) has been related to an increased activity of the Na+/H+ exchanger (NHE-1) through the synthesis of an anomalous hyperactive protein. Because of the important role of this system in essential hypertension (EH), we analysed the distribution of the different genotypes of this polymorphism in normotensive subjects (NS) and essential hypertensive patients (EHP), their relationship with the condition of salt sensitivity, plasma sodium and potassium concentrations and plasma renin activity (PRA) in EHP. 144 subjects (78 EHP and 76 NS) were studied. Salt sensitivity was assessed by the rapid protocol of Weinberger and genotype determination for GNB3 C825T polymorphism was performed by PCR. The distribution of the different genotypes was similar among EHP (CC 37.2%; CT 41.1%; TT 16.7%) and NS (CC 32.9%; CT 55.3%; TT 11.8%). In regard to general characteristics of EHP (including blood pressure levels) and the condition of salt sensitivity, there were no differences among the different genotypes. Plasma sodium concentration was higher and plasma potassium was lower in TT patients (141.0+/-1.7 and 3.7+/-0.1) than in CC patients (139.1+/-1.9 and 4.0+/-0.3) p<0.05. CT patients had intermediate values (139.9+/-1.9 and 3.9+/-0.2). PRA values were similar in the three genotypes as were the rest of analytical parameters studied. Our data demonstrate an association between the C825T polymorphism of the GNB3 and plasma sodium and potassium concentrations in EHP, as expression of an increase in NHE-1 activity, without modifications in PRA nor relationship with salt sensitivity.
Unidad de Hipertensión Arterial y Lípidos, Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospitales Universitarios Virgen del Rocío, Avenida Manuel Siurot s/n, 41013-Sevilla, Spain.
Dolores Nieto
DN
Martín
Encarnación Pamies
EP
Andreu
Reposo
R
Ramírez Lorca
Pablo Stiefel
PS
García-Junco
Ignacio
I
Vallejo Maroto
Reyes Aparicio
RA
Santos
María Luisa
ML
Miranda Guisado
Ovidio Muñiz
OM
Grijalvo
José Villar
JV
Ortiz
Joaquín
J
Carneado de la Fuente
D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D009318:Natriuresis / Q000187:drug effects; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood*; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood*; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D012982:Sodium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage
C454420:G-protein beta3 subunit; D012982:Sodium, Dietary; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D012964:Sodium; D012083:Renin; D020962:Heterotrimeric GTP-Binding Proteins; D011188:Potassium