Adenoviral-mediated transfer of human wild-type p53, GM-CSF and B7-1 genes results in growth suppression and autologous anti-tumor cytotoxicity of multiple myeloma cells in vitro.
Multiple myeloma (MM) remains incurable despite the use of high-dose chemotherapy and stem cell transplantation. However, immunotherapy is expected to offer long-term disease control, or even possibly a cure. We have previously demonstrated the suppressive effect of a recombinant adenovirus carrying human wild-type p53, granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor, and B7-1 genes (Ad-p53/GM-CSF/B7-1) on the growth of laryngeal cancer cells. In the present study, we evaluated the effects of an Ad-p53/GM-CSF/B7-1-modified myeloma cell vaccine strategy aimed to induce apoptosis and to augment the immunogenicity of MM cells. Both MM cell lines and purified primary myeloma cells were infected with Ad-p53/GM-CSF/B7-1. High expression levels of these three genes were confirmed separately by Western blot, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), and flow cytometry. When wild-type p53, GM-CSF and B7-1 genes were introduced, the growth of MM cells was inhibited via enhanced apoptosis and the immunogenicity of tumor cells was augmented. The combinatorial effect of these three genes on inducing cytotoxic T lymphocytes (CTLs) was more evident than that of p53 individually or any combinations of two (p53 plus GM-CSF or p53 plus B7-1). Furthermore, significant proliferation of autologous peripheral blood lymphocytes (PBLs) and specific cytotoxicity against autologous primary MM cells were induced in vitro. These results suggest that myeloma cell vaccination co-transferred with p53, GM-CSF and B7-1 genes may be a promising immunotherapeutic approach against MM.
Department of Experimental Hematology, Beijing Institute of Radiation Medicine, 27 Taiping Road, Beijing, 100850, People's Republic of China.
Su-Ping
SP
Ren
Chu-Tse
CT
Wu
Wen-Rong
WR
Huang
Zhuo-Zhuang
ZZ
Lu
Xiang-Xu
XX
Jia
Lan
L
Wang
Miao-Fen
MF
Lao
Li-Sheng
LS
Wang
D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D017209:Apoptosis; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D016158:Genes, p53 / Q000276:immunology; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000276:immunology*; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000276:immunology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor