Stimulation of resorption in cultured mouse calvarial bones by thiazolidinediones.
Dosage-dependent release of 45Ca was observed from prelabeled mouse calvarial bones after treatment with two thiazolidinediones, troglitazone and ciglitazone. Release of 45Ca by ciglitazone was decreased by the osteoclast inhibitors acetazolamide, calcitonin, 3-amino-1-hydroxypropylidene-1,1-bisphosphonate, and IL-4, but not affected by the peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma antagonist, GW 9662, the mitotic inhibitor, hydroxyurea, or indomethacin. Enhanced expression of receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappaB ligand (RANKL) mRNA and protein and decreased osteoprotegerin (OPG) mRNA and protein were noted after ciglitazone treatment of calvariae. Ciglitazone and RANKL each caused increased mRNA expression of osteoclast markers: calcitonin receptor, tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase, cathepsin K, matrix metalloproteinase-9, integrin beta3, and nuclear factor of activated T cells 2. OPG inhibited mRNA expression of RANKL stimulated by ciglitazone, mRNA expression of osteoclast markers stimulated by ciglitazone and RANKL, and 45Ca release stimulated by troglitazone and ciglitazone. Increased expression of IL-1alpha mRNA by ciglitazone was not linked to resorption stimulated by the thiazolidinedione. Ciglitazone did not increase adipogenic gene expression but enhanced osteocalcin mRNA in calvariae. In addition to exhibiting sensitivity to OPG, data indicate that stimulation of osteoclast differentiation and activity by thiazolidinediones may occur by a nonperoxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma-dependent pathway that does not require cell proliferation, prostaglandins, or IL-1alpha but is characterized by an increased RANKL to OPG ratio.
Schwab
A M
AM
Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301 West Markham Street, Slot 505, Little Rock, Arkansas 72205, USA.
Granholm
S
S
Persson
E
E
Wilkes
B
B
Lerner
U H
UH
Conaway
H H
HH
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000139:chemically induced*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D056657:Cathepsin K; D002403:Cathepsins / Q000235:genetics; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017931:DNA Primers; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D039661:Integrin beta3 / Q000235:genetics; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000235:genetics; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D053245:RANK Ligand; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012886:Skull / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics
D002352:Carrier Proteins; D017931:DNA Primers; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D039661:Integrin beta3; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D050778:NFATC Transcription Factors; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D053245:RANK Ligand; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; C505687:Tnfrsf11a protein, mouse; C505689:Tnfsf11 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors; D002403:Cathepsins; D056657:Cathepsin K; C534132:Ctsk protein, mouse; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D002118:Calcium