Short tandem repeat (STR) genotyping of keratinised hair. Part 1. Review of current status and knowledge gaps.
We present a review of the literature on procedures for obtaining short tandem repeat (STR) genotypes from keratinised hair, being either hair shaft or telogen phase (naturally shed) hairs without associated scalp, follicle or sheath cells. Both the hair shaft and the telogen hair club have been subjected to the DNA-degrading keratinisation process and are more likely to be found at a crime scene than anagen (plucked) or catagen phase hairs. We discuss human hair structure, the human hair growth cycle, the keratinisation process and their implications for DNA extraction procedures, PCR amplification strategies and the interpretation of STR genotypes. Knowledge gaps and areas requiring research are identified and are the subject of a second article in this series.
Division of Health, Design and Science, University of Canberra, ACT 2601, Australia. dennis.mcnevin@anu.edu.au
Dennis
D
McNevin
Linzi
L
Wilson-Wilde
James
J
Robertson
Jennelle
J
Kyd
Chris
C
Lennard
D004247:DNA / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting / Q000379:methods*; D017931:DNA Primers; D005838:Genotype; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007633:Keratins / Q000032:analysis; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences
D017931:DNA Primers; D007633:Keratins; D004247:DNA