Septic arthritis and granulomatous synovitis caused by infection with Mycobacterium avium complex in a horse.
A 12-year-old American Saddlebred gelding was referred to a veterinary teaching hospital for evaluation of a chronic lameness problem in the right radiocarpal joint. The horse had been treated for osteoarthritis of the right radiocarpal joint with multiple injections of cortisone during the past 3 years. The horse was severely lame on the right forelimb at a trot. Radiography and computed tomography revealed a 3 x 2-cm lytic defect in the distal portion of the radius and periarticular bone proliferation around the right radiocarpal joint. Ultrasonography of the distal portion of the radius revealed a soft tissue mass in the palmarolateral aspect of the joint. Proliferative synovium with a large amount of fibrin was observed in the dorsal and palmar aspects of the joint via arthroscopic examination of the right radiocarpal joint. Histologic examination of synovial biopsy specimens revealed proliferative granulomatous synovitis with giant cells. Mycobacterium avium complex was cultured from the synovial fluid. Infection with M avium complex should be considered in horses with chronic recurring arthritis associated with granulomatous synovitis.
Hewes
Christina A
CA
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, Washington State University, Pullman, WA 99164, USA.
Schneider
Robert K
RK
Baszler
Timothy V
TV
Oaks
J Lindsay
JL
D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001170:Arthritis, Infectious / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006099:Granuloma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000601:surgery; D006736:Horses; D007794:Lameness, Animal / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D015269:Mycobacterium avium Complex; D015270:Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D010653:Phenylbutazone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013585:Synovitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000662:veterinary; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D010653:Phenylbutazone