Effect of rosuvastatin on hepatic production of apolipoprotein B-containing lipoproteins in an animal model of insulin resistance and metabolic dyslipidemia.
A novel animal model of insulin resistance, the fructose-fed Syrian golden hamster, was employed to investigate the efficacy and mechanisms of action of rosuvastatin, a HMG-CoA reductase inhibitor, in ameliorating metabolic dyslipidemia in insulin-resistant states. Fructose feeding for a 2-week period induced insulin resistance and a significant increase in hepatic secretion of VLDL. This was followed by a fructose-enriched diet with or without 10 mg/kg rosuvastatin for 14 days. Fructose feeding in the first 2 weeks caused a significant increase in plasma total cholesterol and triglyceride in both groups (n=6, p<0.001). However, there was a significant decline (30%, n=8, p<0.05) in plasma triglyceride levels following rosuvastatin feeding (10 mg/kg). A significant decrease (n=6, p<0.05) was also observed in VLDL-apoB production in hepatocytes isolated from drug-treated hamsters, together with an increased apoB degradation (n=6, p<0.05). Similar results were obtained in parallel cell culture experiments in which primary hepatocytes were first isolated from chow-fed hamsters, and then treated in vitro with 15 microM rosuvastatin for 18 h. Rosuvastatin at 5 microM caused a substantial reduction in synthesis of unesterified cholesterol and cholesterol ester (98 and 25%, n=9, p<0.01 or p<0.05) and secretion of newly synthesized unesterified cholesterol, cholesterol ester, and triglyceride (95, 42, and 60% reduction, respectively, n=9, p<0.01 or p<0.05). This concentration of rosuvastatin also caused a significant reduction (75% decrease, n=4, p<0.01) in the extracellular secretion of VLDL-apoB100, accompanied by a significant increase in the intracellular degradation of apoB100. There was a 12% reduction (not significant, p>0.05) in hepatic MTP and no changes in ER-60 (a chaperone involved in apoB degradation) protein levels. Taken together, these data suggest that the assembly and secretion of VLDL particles in hamster hepatocytes can be acutely inhibited by rosuvastatin in a process involving enhanced apoB degradation. This appears to lead to a significant amelioration of hepatic VLDL-apoB overproduction observed in the fructose-fed, insulin-resistant hamster model.
Division of Clinical Biochemistry, Research Institute, Hospital for Sick Children & Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada M5G 1X8.
Taryne
T
Chong
Mark
M
Naples
Lisa
L
Federico
Denise
D
Taylor
Graham J
GJ
Smith
Raphael C
RC
Cheung
Khosrow
K
Adeli
D000818:Animals; D001055:Apolipoproteins B / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D006224:Cricetinae; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D050171:Dyslipidemias / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005464:Fluorobenzenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000068718:Rosuvastatin Calcium; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*
D001055:Apolipoproteins B; D005464:Fluorobenzenes; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D011743:Pyrimidines; D013449:Sulfonamides; D000068718:Rosuvastatin Calcium