Effect of soybean protein on blood pressure: a randomized, controlled trial.
BACKGROUND
Epidemiologic studies suggest that vegetable protein intake is inversely related to blood pressure.


OBJECTIVE
To examine the effect of soybean protein supplementation on blood pressure in persons with prehypertension or stage 1 hypertension.


METHODS
Randomized, double-blind, controlled trial.


METHODS
Three communities in the People's Republic of China.


METHODS
302 participants 35 to 64 years of age with an initial untreated systolic blood pressure of 130 to 159 mm Hg, diastolic blood pressure of 80 to 99 mm Hg, or both.


METHODS
Study participants were randomly assigned to receive 40 g of isolated soybean protein supplements per day or complex carbohydrate control for 12 weeks; 91.4% completed the intervention.


METHODS
Blood pressure measurements were obtained by using random-zero sphygmomanometers at baseline and at 6 and 12 weeks.


RESULTS
At baseline, the mean systolic and diastolic blood pressures were 135.0 mm Hg (SD 10.9) and 84.7 mm Hg (SD 6.9), respectively. Compared with the control group, the net changes in systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure were -4.31 mm Hg (95% CI, -2.11 to -6.51 mm Hg; P < 0.001) and -2.76 mm Hg (CI, -1.35 to -4.16 mm Hg; P < 0.001), respectively, after the 12-week intervention. The net changes in systolic and diastolic blood pressure reductions were -7.88 mm Hg (CI, -4.66 to -11.1 mm Hg) and -5.27 mm Hg (CI, -3.05 to -7.49 mm Hg), respectively, in persons with hypertension and -2.34 mm Hg (CI, 0.48 to -5.17 mm Hg) and -1.28 mm Hg (CI, 0.52 to -3.07 mm Hg), respectively, in those without hypertension.


CONCLUSIONS
This trial did not examine whether the blood pressure reduction was due to protein or isoflavones in soybean.


CONCLUSIONS
Soybean protein supplementation resulted in a reduction in systolic and diastolic blood pressure. These findings suggest that increased intake of soybean protein may play an important role in preventing and treating hypertension.
He
Jiang
J
Department of Epidemiology, Tulane University School of Public Health and Tropical Medicine, 1430 Tulane Avenue, SL 18, New Orleans, LA 70112-2699, USA. jhe@tulane.edu
Gu
Dongfeng
D
Wu
Xigui
X
Chen
Jichun
J
Duan
Xiufang
X
Chen
Jing
J
Whelton
Paul K
PK
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D001835:Body Weight; D002681:China; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011188:Potassium / Q000652:urine; D012964:Sodium / Q000652:urine; D030262:Soybean Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D030262:Soybean Proteins; D012964:Sodium; D011188:Potassium