Exercise capacity deterioration in patients with COPD: longitudinal evaluation over 5 years.
BACKGROUND
Although exercise capacity is an important outcome measure in patients with COPD, its longitudinal course has not been analyzed in comparison to the change in pulmonary function.


OBJECTIVE
To examine how exercise capacity would deteriorate over time in patients with COPD, and what factors would contribute to it.


METHODS
A total of 137 male outpatients with moderate-to-very-severe COPD were examined. The average age was 69.0 +/- 6.6 years (+/- SD), and the mean postbronchodilator FEV(1) was 45.9 +/- 15.4% predicted. Progressive cycle ergometry and pulmonary function testing were performed at entry, and every 6 months thereafter over 5 years. Due to the presence of missing data, a mixed-effect model analysis was then used to estimate the longitudinal changes in various clinical parameters.


RESULTS
Peak oxygen uptake (Vo(2)), peak minute ventilation (Ve), and peak tidal volume (Vt) during exercise declined significantly over time (p < 0.0001), which was no less rapid than the deterioration in FEV(1). The mean decline rates for peak Vo(2) were 32 +/- 60 mL/min/yr and 0.5 +/- 1.0 mL/min/kg/yr. Multiple regression analysis revealed that the changes in peak Ve, peak Vt, and peak respiratory rates were significant predictors for the change in peak Vo(2).


CONCLUSIONS
We demonstrated clear evidence of measurable and progressive deterioration in exercise capacity in COPD patients, which was no less rapid than the decline in airflow limitation. Dynamic ventilatory constraints during exercise also deteriorated over time, which most significantly contributed to this exercise capacity deterioration. In addition to pulmonary function, the longitudinal follow-up of exercise capacity is important not to miss the overall deterioration in COPD.
Department of Respiratory Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, 53 Kawahara, Shogoin, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan. ogat@df7.so-net.ne.jp
Toru
T
Oga
Koichi
K
Nishimura
Mitsuhiro
M
Tsukino
Susumu
S
Sato
Takashi
T
Hajiro
Michiaki
M
Mishima
D000368:Aged; D005080:Exercise Test; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests