Reinforcing effects of modafinil: influence of dose and behavioral demands following drug administration.
BACKGROUND
The reinforcing effects of stimulant drugs are modulated by behavioral demands following drug administration.


OBJECTIVE
The objective of this study was to assess the reinforcing effects of modafinil, a drug with purportedly low abuse potential, under different behavioral demands using a modified progressive-ratio procedure.


METHODS
The reinforcing effects of oral modafinil (0, 100, 200, and 400 mg) were assessed in six healthy adult volunteers under both performance and relaxation conditions. Performance sessions required volunteers to complete simple arithmetic problems for three 50-min blocks. Relaxation sessions required volunteers to sit quietly in a semi-reclined position in a darkened room for three 50-min blocks. Two sampling sessions (one performance and one relaxation session) always preceded two self-administration sessions (one performance and one relaxation session), and the order of performance and relaxation sessions was constant within a dose condition.


RESULTS
Modafinil significantly increased break point and number of capsules earned on the modified progressive-ratio procedure as an increasing function of dose under the performance, but not the relaxation, condition. Modafinil produced comparable stimulant-like subjective ratings under both the performance and relaxation conditions.


CONCLUSIONS
The findings of the present experiment demonstrate that modafinil can function as a reinforcer and that the reinforcing effects of modafinil are influenced by behavioral demands following drug administration, similar to those of other stimulant drugs.
Stoops
William W
WW
Department of Psychology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY, USA.
Lile
Joshua A
JA
Fillmore
Mark T
MT
Glaser
Paul E A
PE
Rush
Craig R
CR
D000328:Adult; D001143:Arousal / Q000187:drug effects*; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D000077408:Modafinil; D009042:Motivation; D011340:Problem Solving / Q000187:drug effects*; D012063:Relaxation; D012306:Risk; D012646:Self Administration; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology
D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D000077408:Modafinil