Pulmonary and paradoxical embolism in protein C and S deficient patient.
We document the case of a 67-year-old woman who presented with a history of right upper quadrant anopia, dyspnea, hypoxemia, and a systolic murmur. An intracardiac embolus wedged at a patent foramen ovale was successfully removed by resecting the atrial septum along with a pulmonary embolectomy on cardiopulmonary bypass. We review the literature with specific focus on the pathogenesis and acute treatment options of this life-threatening occurrence.
Department of Cardiothoracic Surgery, Yorkshire Heart Centre, Leeds General Infirmary, Leeds, United Kingdom.
Sanjay
S
Kumar
Irfan
I
Khan
Richard
R
Milton
Ayyaz A
AA
Ali
David J
DJ
O'Regan
D000368:Aged; D019320:Embolism, Paradoxical / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases; D006344:Heart Septal Defects, Atrial / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D020151:Protein C Deficiency / Q000150:complications*; D018455:Protein S Deficiency / Q000150:complications*; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000209:etiology*; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology