The clinical application of hyaluronic acid in gingivitis therapy.
OBJECTIVE
The efficacy of a topical application of hyaluronic acid (HA) was tested for treating gingivitis.


METHODS
Sixty nonsmoking outpatients in good general condition, with clinical signs of gingivitis, were included in the study. Forty patients (HA group, 20 men, 20 women; age: 32.8 +/- 11.3 years) used a spray containing HA 5 times daily over a period of 1 week. The control group consisted of 20 patients (10 men, 10 women; age: 31.3 +/- 9.3 years). The clinical parameters DMF-T (decayed, missed, filled teeth) index, approximal plaque index, sulcus bleeding index, papilla bleeding index, and gingival crevicular fluid were measured at baseline (T1), after 3 days (T2), and after 7 days (T3).


RESULTS
A reduction in the sulcus bleeding index of the HA group (T1: 72.9 +/- 19.5%) to 50.3 +/- 21.1% was noted at T2, and at T3 the sulcus bleeding index was 40.7 +/- 23.0%. The papilla bleeding index values of the HA group were 1.6 at T1, 1.0 at T2, and 0.7 at T3. The gingival crevicular fluid showed significant reductions in the HA group. At T1 the recorded mean value was 16.3, at T2 it was 11.8, and at T3 it was 7.9. Only insignificant changes were observed in the respective indices of the control group. There were no significant alterations in the plaque values of either group throughout the study period.


CONCLUSIONS
The results obtained by this study demonstrate that the topical application of an HA-containing preparation represents a potentially useful adjunct in the therapy of gingivitis, although its use does not diminish the need for plaque reduction as a primary therapeutic measure.
Pistorius
Alexander
A
Department for Operative Dentistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
Martin
Monika
M
Willershausen
Brita
B
Rockmann
Phillip
P
D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000336:Aerosols; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004245:DMF Index; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000187:drug effects; D005884:Gingival Hemorrhage / Q000145:classification / Q000188:drug therapy; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D010512:Periodontal Index
D000336:Aerosols; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid