Determination of ethylene thiourea in urine by HPLC-DAD.
Ethylene thiourea (ETU) is a metabolite of ethylenebisdithiocarbamates (EBDCs); it is the best indicator of exposure to these fungicides. Therefore, high-performance liquid chromatography with photodiode-array detection (HPLC-DAD) was optimized and validated for the determination of ETU in human urines. Urine samples were extracted by solid-phase extraction using Extrelut and analyzed using HPLC-DAD set at 231 nm. The analyses were carried out using a mobile phase of 0.01 M phosphate buffer (pH 4.5) on a C18 Uptisphere NEC-5-20, 250- x 4.6-mm x 5-microm column. The internal standard used was 4-pyridinecarboxylic acid hydrazide. The method was successfully validated in compliance with requirements set by the International Committee on Harmonization 1996. The lower limit of quantitation was at 1 microg/L, and the linearity was studied from 1 to 100 microg/L. There were 272 urine samples collected from farmers exposed to EBDCs in different regions in France analyzed in this study.
El Balkhi
Souleiman
S
Laboratoire de Toxicologie biologique, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2 rue Ambroise Paré, 75475 Paris, France.
Sandouk
Pierre
P
Galliot-Guilley
Martine
M
D002138:Calibration; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D005031:Ethylenethiourea / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D012015:Reference Standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry*
D005031:Ethylenethiourea