Comparison of different methods for detection of diastolic filling abnormalities.
OBJECTIVE
Heart failure is associated with poor prognosis and the differentiation of patients on the basis of diastolic filling patterns helps to identify several groups of patients with incrementally higher risk. However, this is reliant on accurate definition of filling patterns. The aim of this study was to compare preload reduction with contrast-enhanced pulmonary venous Doppler recordings for the correct assessment of diastolic filling pattern.


METHODS
In all, 20 patients with heart failure and 25 healthy volunteers were studied on 2 separate days. Preload reduction was achieved with the Valsalva maneuver (nonstandardized and standardized) and sublingual nitroglycerin. Responses were compared among the 3 methods and the filling patterns obtained on each day with the various methods compared.


RESULTS
Although pulmonary venous Doppler improved the diastolic classification over mitral Doppler, preload reduction resulted in better classification and improved sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values. No advantage was observed for either the standardized Valsalva or pharmacologic preload reduction.


CONCLUSIONS
Preload reduction is an essential part of the assessment of diastolic filling grade in patients with heart failure as it can identify pseudonormal filling (mildly increased filling pressures), reversible restrictive filling (high filling pressures), and nonreversible restrictive filling pattern (very high filling pressures).
Whalley
Gillian A
GA
Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medical and Health Sciences, University of Auckland, Private Bag 92 019, Auckland, New Zealand. g.whalley@auckland.ac.nz
Walsh
Helen J
HJ
Gamble
Greg D
GD
Doughty
Robert N
RN
D000368:Aged; D003971:Diastole; D018619:Echocardiography, Doppler, Pulsed / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008943:Mitral Valve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014636:Valsalva Maneuver; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology*