title: Closing wedge osteotomy versus opening wedge osteotomy in ankylosing spondylitis with thoracolumbar kyphotic deformity.
abstract: METHODS
  Retrospective.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare lumbar posterior opening wedge osteotomy (OWO) and closing wedge osteotomy (CWO) in patients with thoracolumbar kyphotic deformity attributable to ankylosing spondylitis.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  OWO and CWO have been used to correct ankylosing spondylitis-related kyphotic deformity, but the ideal surgical procedure remains controversial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-six patients underwent OWO, and 51 underwent CWO (102 male, 15 female; mean age, 34.8 years; age range, 17-55 years). Radiographic results, complications, and patient satisfaction were analyzed over a mean follow-up of 3.6 years (range, 2.1-5.3 years)
  
  
  RESULTS
  For OWO and CWO, mean operative times were 183 and 218 minutes, and mean blood losses were 1101 and 1915 mL, respectively. Lumbar lordosis increased by 37 degrees with OWO versus 36 degrees with CWO group, as shown on final radiographs. Sagittal imbalance improved 80 and 77 mm with OWO and CWO, respectively. Complications included delayed union in three patients and a broken rod at the osteotomy site in the OWO group. Six transient neurologic deficits occurred overall. No mortality or major complications occurred. Five patients developed junctional kyphosis (two undergoing OWO, three undergoing CWO), and all required repeat operation. Satisfactory clinical outcomes were achieved in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both OWO and CWO were safe and enabled substantial correction, with good clinical results. CWO resulted in a significantly longer operative time and more bleeding but offered fewer instances of paralytic ileus or delayed union with a broken rod.
authors: Taiwan Spine Center, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Armed Forces Taichung General Hospital, Taiwan, Republic of China. iscspine@ms45.url.com.tw
authors: Kao-Wha
authors: KW
authors: Chang
authors: Ying-Yu
authors: YY
authors: Chen
authors: Chien-Chung
authors: CC
authors: Lin
authors: Hsiang-Lan
authors: HL
authors: Hsu
authors: Ke-Chun
authors: KC
authors: Pai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000601:surgery; D007738:Kyphosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000628:therapy; D011187:Posture; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013123:Spinal Fusion; D013167:Spondylitis, Ankylosing / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome