title: [Antimicrobial resistance of Gram-negative bacilli isolated from patients in intensive care unit].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate antimicrobial resistance of Gram-negative bacilli isolated from patients in intensive care unit (ICU) and to provide guidance for clinical antimicrobial strategy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Antimicrobial susceptibility of Gram-negative bacilli isolated from patients in ICU from 2000 to 2003 was monitored by Epsilometer test E (E-test) methods, and at the same time Whonet 5.1 was used to analyse the results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Imipenem had the highest antimicrobial efficiency rate(90.8%), followed by cefoperazone/sulbactam, piperacillin/tazobactam, cefepime, amikacin and ceftazidime. On the other hand, the efficiency rate of the third-generation cephalosporins such as cefotaxime and ceftriaxone was as low as 42.8%. The extended-spectrum beta-lactamases (ESBLs) producing strains accounted for 36.0% in E.coli and 25.0% in K. pneumoniae. Significant difference was found between the resistant rate of ESBLs positive and that of negative strains, except imipenem (all P<0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bacterial resistance against antibiotics is still a serious clinical problem among ICU patients, therefore, surveillance of antimicrobial resistance should be strengthened, and the use of the third-generation cephalosporins should be restricted.
authors: Xiangya Hospital, Central Southern University, Changsha 410008, Hunan, China.
authors: Xun
authors: X
authors: Huang
authors: Xiu-hua
authors: XH
authors: Xu
authors: Xi-mao
authors: XM
authors: Wen
authors: Xin
authors: X
authors: Huang
authors: Jie
authors: J
authors: Li
authors: An-hua
authors: AH
authors: Wu
mesh_terms: D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001618:beta-Lactamases