title: Cost of Alzheimer's disease in a developing country setting.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the economic impact of AD in Denizli, Turkey.
  
  
  METHODS
  This observational study was conducted with 42 AD patients and their primary caregivers. During the initial interview, demographic data and medical histories were collected with questionnaires. For an observational period of 15 days, data on time spent for patient care were collected using standard forms. Calculations on direct cost (e.g. per day medication, outpatient physician visits during the last 3 months), indirect cost (e.g. time spent for care by caregiver for daily living (ADL) and instrumental activity of daily living (IADL)) were made by summing up and taking averages of the appropriate items. ANOVA, and linear regressions were the methods for comparisons.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The primary caregivers of the patients mainly were their children and/or spouses. The maximum mean time spent (h/week) was 21.0 (17.5) for severely damaged cognition. The average annual cost per case was between $1,766 [95% Confidence Intervals (CI); 1.300-2.231] and $4,930 (95% CI; 3.3714-6.147). The amount of caregiver cost was the most significant item in the overall cost and it showed an increase with the declining cognitive function of patients. Daily medication cost reflected the same pattern. In contrast, cost of outpatient physician was the lowest among the patients with the worst cognition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that recently AD has become a significant cost for developing countries. This pilot study gives an idea of the cost of AD in developing countries where determining the actual cost can be difficult.
authors: Pamukkale University Medical Faculty, Department of Public Health, Turkey. mzencir@pamukkale.edu.tr
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Zencir
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Kuzu
authors: N Gördeles
authors: NG
authors: Beşer
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Ergin
authors: B
authors: B
authors: Catak
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Sahiner
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000191:economics* / Q000451:nursing / Q000628:therapy; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D017028:Caregivers / Q000191:economics; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003906:Developing Countries; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006299:Health Services for the Aged / Q000191:economics; D006701:Home Nursing / Q000191:economics; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014421:Turkey