title: Fumonisin B1, fumonisin B2, zearalenone and ochratoxin A contamination of maize in Croatia.
abstract: Mycotoxins are products of moulds that frequently contaminate maize. In this study the presence of mycotoxins fumonisin B1 (FB1), fumonisin B2 (FB2), zearalenone (ZEA) and ochratoxin A (OTA) was determined in 49 maize grain samples collected in autumn 2002. The most frequent finding was that of FB1(100%), followed by ZEA (84%) and OTA (39%), while FB2 was found only in three samples. The co-occurrence of two and three mycotoxins was found in 55 and 37% of samples, respectively. The concentrations (mean +/- SD) of FB1, ZEA and OTA in positive samples were 459.8 +/- 310.7, 3.84 +/- 6.68 and 1.47 +/- 0.38 microg kg(-1), respectively, and the concentrations of FB2 in three positive samples were 68.4, 109.2 and 3084.0 microg kg(-1). Although such low concentrations of mycotoxins are not a significant source of exposure in countries with a European diet, a few samples with extreme values indicate that thorough control is needed.
authors: Unit of Toxicology, Institute for Medical Research and Occupational Health, Ksaverska c. 2, 10000 Zagreb, Croatia. adomijan@imi.hr
authors: Ana-Marija
authors: AM
authors: Domijan
authors: Maja
authors: M
authors: Peraica
authors: Zeljko
authors: Z
authors: Jurjević
authors: Dario
authors: D
authors: Ivić
authors: Bogdan
authors: B
authors: Cvjetković
mesh_terms: D002273:Carcinogens / Q000032:analysis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D017523:Croatia; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D005506:Food Contamination; D037341:Fumonisins / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000032:analysis; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000032:analysis*; D011891:Rain; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry*; D015025:Zearalenone / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D037341:Fumonisins; D009183:Mycotoxins; D009793:Ochratoxins; C056934:fumonisin B2; C025589:ochratoxin A; C056933:fumonisin B1; D015025:Zearalenone