title: [A preparation technique for quantitative investigation of SPIO-containing solutions and SPIO-labelled cells by MRI].
abstract: PURPOSE. This work aims to present a preparation technique for ex-vivo MR examination of SPIO (superparamagnetic iron oxide) containing solutions or SPIO labeled cells. Accumulations of SPIO particles and labeled cells were prepared in different concentrations using agar gel phantoms. Signal extinction around accumulations of magnetic material was examined systematically by gradient echo sequences with variable echo times and spatial resolution. The correlation between local iron concentration and diameter of signal extinction in MR gradient echo images was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Resovist, (SHU 555A) was used as superparamagnetic contrast medium. Different concentrations of SPIO-containing solutions (0.75 - 15 mg Fe/10 ml) and magnetically labeled SK-Mel28 cells (25,000-1,000,000 cells/10 ml) were accommodated inside a defined volume in an agar matrix. Diameters of signal void were assessed in dependence on local iron concentration, echo time (5-25 ms) and isotropic spatial resolution (length of voxel 0.25 - 0.60 mm). Measurements were performed on a clinical MR whole body scanner (3 Tesla) using a spoiled gradient echo sequence (FLASH).
  
  
  RESULTS
  For the present experimental conditions sensitivity to detect the magnetic label was maximized using TE 25 ms. In contrast, the area of signal cancellation was minimized using TE 5 ms and isotropic resolution of 0.25 mm. In the latter case the image indicated the area of magnetic material most precisely. Diameter of signal cancellation was a logarithmic function on local iron concentration. In the presented set-up detection of concentrations as low as 0.75 mg Fe/10 ml in SPIO-containing solution or 1.25 mg Fe/10 ml in SPIO-labeled SK-Mel28 cells was certainly possible.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The proposed preparation strategy with a well defined spatial distribution of the magnetic material in an agar gel phantom produced reliable results and appears clearly superior compared to set-ups with randomly distributed material in glass tubes. The diameter of the signal extinction in gradient echo images was significantly affected by the choice of echo time and spatial resolution. The calibration of signal cancellation versus iron concentrations may be valuable to assess SPIO concentrations and possibly numbers of labeled cells under specific conditions in vitro or even in vivo.
authors: Sektion für Experimentelle Radiologie und Abteilung für Radiologische Diagnostik, Universitätsklinikum Tübingen. Joerg.Pintaske@med.uni-tuebingen.de
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Pintaske
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Helms
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Bantleon
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Kehlbach
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Wiskirchen
authors: C D
authors: CD
authors: Claussen
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Schick
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000032:analysis / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007501:Iron / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008422:Materials Testing; D008545:Melanoma / Q000473:pathology*; D010087:Oxides / Q000032:analysis / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry*; D012996:Solutions; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D045424:Complex Mixtures; D003287:Contrast Media; D010087:Oxides; D012996:Solutions; D007501:Iron; D052203:Ferrosoferric Oxide