Outcome 1 year after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage: relation between cognitive performance and neuroimaging.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the cognitive impairment and the association between neuropsychological measures and neuroimaging 1 year after aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).


METHODS
Forty-two patients were examined clinically according to Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS). Computed tomography (CT), single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) and neuropsychological examination were performed.


RESULTS
There were no association between GOS and cognitive impairment index based on the neuropsychological examination. CT showed no sign of cerebral ischemia in 17 (40%) and low attenuating areas indicating cerebral infarction(s) in 25 (60%) patients. A significant correlation (P = 0.01) was observed between the cognitive impairment index and the SPECT index (r = 0.6). SPECT measurement was the only independent predictor for cognitive impairment.


CONCLUSIONS
GOS is a crude outcome measure and patients classified with good recoveries may have significant cognitive deficits. Neuropsychological examination is the preferred method for outcome evaluation as this method specifically addresses the disabilities affecting patients' everyday life.
Egge
A
A
Department of Neurosurgery, University Hospital of North Norway, Tromsø, Norway.
Waterloo
K
K
Sjøholm
H
H
Ingebrigtsen
T
T
Forsdahl
S
S
Jacobsen
E A
EA
Romner
B
B
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D001925:Brain Damage, Chronic / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D002544:Cerebral Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D023261:Glasgow Outcome Scale; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013997:Time Factors; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed