Long-term outcome of facial palsy in neuroborreliosis.
OBJECTIVE
The objectives of this study were to examine children with previous manifest neuroborreliosis and concommitant facial palsy to see whether there were any persisting symptoms and/or signs of persistent residual facial palsy.


METHODS
Open, controlled prospective study.


METHODS
Tertiary referral center (University Hospital).


METHODS
The study was conducted on twenty-four patients with clinically manifest neuroborreliosis and facial palsy 3 to 5 years prior to the investigation.


METHODS
Results of the clinical examination using the House-Brackmann scale were compared to results from two neuro-physiological examinations (qEMG and ENoG).


RESULTS
Approximately one-half of the patients with reported subjective symptoms of residual facial palsy had signs of slight dysfunction in the clinical examination using the House-Brackmann scale. There was no correlation between the subjective feeling of facial dysfunction and presence of clinical signs. Likewise, about one-half of the subjective facial dysfunction group, as well as the control group, were found to demonstrate pathological values in their neurophysiological examinations using qEMG and ENoG.


CONCLUSIONS
This study shows that the assumption is not true that all children who had neuroborreliosis with facial palsy will heal 100%. A small proportion of the children claim that several years after the infection, they have subjective symptoms of slight facial weakness on the affected side. Our study shows that some of these children, as well as some children without subjective symptoms of facial palsy, demonstrate a slight facial weakness when examined clinically. Likewise, signs of slight-to-moderate facial motor dysfunction were revealed in about half of the children with the two neurophysiological methods utilized in this study. It is interesting to note that there was no clear correlation between the presence of subjective symptoms, objective signs, and neurophysiological results.
Bagger-Sjöbäck
D
D
Departments of Otolaryngology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. dan.bagger-sjoback@ks.se
Remahl
S
S
Ericsson
M
M
D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004568:Electrodiagnosis; D004576:Electromyography; D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000503:physiopathology; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D020852:Lyme Neuroborreliosis; D008297:Male; D018908:Muscle Weakness / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology