title: Pseudoalteromonas spongiae sp. nov., a novel member of the gamma-Proteobacteria isolated from the sponge Mycale adhaerens in Hong Kong waters.
abstract: A Gram-negative, non-spore-forming, short rod-shaped bacterium (UST010723-006(T)) was isolated from the surface of the sponge Mycale adhaerens in Hong Kong waters. Cells of UST010723-006(T) did not have flagella and were non-motile. Colonies were pale orange in colour, 2-4 mm in diameter, convex with a smooth surface and an entire translucent margin. Gas bubbles were observed in the colonies and also in the agar matrix underneath and adjacent to the colonies. UST010723-006(T) was heterotrophic, strictly aerobic and required NaCl for growth (2.0-6.0%). It grew at pH 5.0-10.0 and between 12 and 44 degrees C. Phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rRNA gene sequence placed UST010723-006(T) within the genus Pseudoalteromonas of the gamma-subclass of the Proteobacteria. The DNA G+C content is 40.6 mol% and the dominant fatty acids were 12:0 3-OH, 14:0, 15:0 iso 2-OH, 16:0, 16:1omega7, 17:1omega8 and 18:1omega7 (altogether representing 75.9% of the total). These data supported the affiliation of UST010723-006(T) to the genus Pseudoalteromonas. The closest relatives were Pseudoalteromonas luteviolacea, P. phenolica, P. rubra and P. ruthenica with similarity values ranging from 95.4 to 96.8%. UST010723-006(T) differed from these closest relatives by 9-19 traits. Molecular evidence, together with phenotypic characteristics, suggests that UST010723-006(T) constitutes a novel species within the genus Pseudoalteromonas. The name Pseudoalteromonas spongiae sp. nov. is proposed for this bacterium. The type strain is UST010723-006(T) (=NRRL B-41100(T)=JCM 12884(T)).
authors: Coastal Marine Laboratory/Department of Biology, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors: Stanley C K
authors: SCK
authors: Lau
authors: Coastal Marine Laboratory/Department of Biology, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors: Mandy M Y
authors: MMY
authors: Tsoi
authors: Coastal Marine Laboratory/Department of Biology, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors: Xiancui
authors: X
authors: Li
authors: Coastal Marine Laboratory/Department of Biology, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors: Sergey
authors: S
authors: Dobretsov
authors: Coastal Marine Laboratory/Department of Biology, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors: Yulia
authors: Y
authors: Plakhotnikova
authors: Department of Biology, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shatin, N.T., Hong Kong.
authors: Po-Keung
authors: PK
authors: Wong
authors: Coastal Marine Laboratory/Department of Biology, Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Clear Water Bay, Kowloon, Hong Kong.
authors: Pei-Yuan
authors: PY
authors: Qian
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001482:Base Composition; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000032:analysis; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis; D020563:Gammaproteobacteria / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D006723:Hong Kong; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010641:Phenotype; D011161:Porifera / Q000382:microbiology*; D031161:Pseudoalteromonas / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012623:Seawater; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D005227:Fatty Acids; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S