title: Computer-assisted navigational surgery enhances safety in dental implantology.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dental implants are increasingly used to restore missing dentition. These titanium implants are surgically installed in the edentulous alveolar ridge and allowed to osteointegrate with the bone during the healing phase. After osseo-integration, the implant is loaded with a prosthesis to replace the missing tooth. Conventional implant treatment planning uses study models, wax-ups and panoramic x-rays to prefabricate surgical stent to guide the preparation of the implant site. The drilling into the alveolar ridge is invariably a "blind" procedure as the part of the drill in bone is not visible. Stereotactic systems were first introduced into neurosurgery in 1986. Since then, computer-assisted navigational technology has brought major advances to neuro-, midface and orthopaedic surgeries, and more recently, to implant placement.
  
  
  METHODS
  This paper illustrates the use of real-time computer-guided navigational technology in enhancing safety in implant surgical procedures.
  Real-time computer-guided navigational technology enhances accuracy and precision of the surgical procedure, minimises complications and facilitates surgery in challenging anatomical locations.
authors: Oral & Maxillofacial Surgery, Mount Elizabeth Medical Centre #11-09/10, Mount Elizabeth Hospital, 3 Mount Elizabeth, Singapore 228510. fooichin@singnet.com.sg
authors: F C
authors: FC
authors: Ng
authors: K H
authors: KH
authors: Ho
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Wexler
mesh_terms: D003757:Dental Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012449:Safety; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted