Extremely sensitive biomarker of acute organophosphorus insecticide exposure.
Egasyn-beta-glucuronidase complex is located at the luminal site of liver microsomal endoplasmic reticulum. When organophosphorus insecticides (OP) are incorporated into the liver microsomes, they become tightly bound to egasyn, a carboxylesterase isozyme, and subsequently, beta-glucuronidase (BG) is dissociated and released into blood. Consequently, the increase in plasma BG activity becomes a good biomarker of OP exposure. Thus, the single administration of EPN (O-ethyl O-p-nitrophenylphenylphosphonothioate), acephate and chlorpyrifos increased plasma BG activity in approximately 100-fold the control level in rats. The increase in plasma BG activity after OP exposure is a much more sensitive biomarker of acute OP exposure than acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibition.
Fujikawa
Yasuhiro
Y
Drug Safety Research Laboratories, Eisai Co. Ltd., Ibaraki, Japan. y-fujikawa@hhc.eisai.co.jp
Satoh
Tetsuo
T
Suganuma
Akiyoshi
A
Suzuki
Satoshi
S
Niikura
Yasuko
Y
Yui
Shinobu
S
Yamaura
Yoshiro
Y
D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D004390:Chlorpyrifos / Q000633:toxicity; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds / Q000633:toxicity; D004849:Phenylphosphonothioic Acid, 2-Ethyl 2-(4-Nitrophenyl) Ester / Q000633:toxicity; D063088:Phosphoramides; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
D015415:Biomarkers; D007306:Insecticides; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D063088:Phosphoramides; D004849:Phenylphosphonothioic Acid, 2-Ethyl 2-(4-Nitrophenyl) Ester; C001969:acephate; D005966:Glucuronidase; D004390:Chlorpyrifos