title: Protein bonding on biodegradable poly(L-lactide-co-caprolactone) membrane for esophageal tissue engineering.
abstract: A biodegradable and flexible poly(L-lactide-co-caprolactone) (PLLC) copolymer was synthesized and surface modification has been performed aiming at application as a scaffold in esophageal tissue engineering. The PLLC membrane surface was aminolyzed by 1,6-hexanediamine to introduce free amino groups. Using these amino groups as bridges, fibronectin and collagen were subsequently bonded with glutaraldehyde as a coupling agent. The presence of free amino groups on the aminolyzed PLLC surface was quantified using fluorescamine analysis method, which revealed that the surface NH2 density increased and eventually saturated with increasing 1,6-hexanediamine concentration or reaction time. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) confirmed the presence of both proteins separately on the modified PLLC surface. Water contact angle measurements evaluate the wettability of modified and unmodified PLLC surfaces. Protein-bonded surface presented more hydrophilic and homogeneous, yet PLLC can also adsorb some protein molecules. In vitro long-term (12d) culture of porcine esophageal cells proved that fibronectin- and collagen-modified PLLC surface (denoted PLLC-Fn and PLLC-Col, respectively) can more effectively support the growth of smooth muscle cells and epithelial cells; both modified and unmodified PLLC support fibroblasts growth. Mitochondrial activity assay and cell morphology observation indicate that the PLLC-Fn surface is more favorable to epithelium regeneration than PLLC-Col. These culture results provide much valuable information for our subsequent research on the construction of artificial scaffolds with esophageal function. Fibronectin-integrated PLLC will be a good candidate scaffold to support the growth of all types of esophageal cells.
authors: Biomedical Engineering Research Centre, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.
authors: Yabin
authors: Y
authors: Zhu
authors: Kerm Sin
authors: KS
authors: Chian
authors: Mary B
authors: MB
authors: Chan-Park
authors: Priyadarshini S
authors: PS
authors: Mhaisalkar
authors: Buddy D
authors: BD
authors: Ratner
mesh_terms: D000081:Acetamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D002208:Caproates / Q000737:chemistry; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D004947:Esophagus / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000737:chemistry; D005976:Glutaral / Q000737:chemistry; D007783:Lactones / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry*; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013552:Swine; D013696:Temperature; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts / Q000494:pharmacology; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000081:Acetamides; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002208:Caproates; D005353:Fibronectins; D007783:Lactones; D011091:Polyesters; D011506:Proteins; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; C050895:N-acetyl-1,6-diaminohexane; C121056:caprolactone; C062968:lactide-caprolactone copolymer; D003094:Collagen; D004247:DNA; C022616:thiazolyl blue; D005976:Glutaral