title: In vivo development of high-level fluoroquinolone resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.
abstract: Patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease are generally subjected to multiple regimens of antimicrobial treatment. The development of high-level levofloxacin resistance (i.e., a minimum inhibitory concentration >8 mu g/mL) in 8 patients whose previous pneumococcal isolates showed susceptibility is described. Molecular methods were used to characterize the strains and to study the sequential changes in fluoroquinolone targets.
authors: Servicio de Microbiología, Hospital Donostia, San Sebastián, Spain. mikrobiol@terra.es
authors: Emilio
authors: E
authors: Pérez-Trallero
authors: José María
authors: JM
authors: Marimón
authors: Alberto
authors: A
authors: González
authors: María
authors: M
authors: Ercibengoa
authors: Julián
authors: J
authors: Larruskain
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D064704:Levofloxacin; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D012703:Serotyping; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D064704:Levofloxacin; D015242:Ofloxacin