Hydration assessment techniques.
Water in the human body is essential for metabolism, temperature regulation, and numerous other physiological processes that are consistent with good health. Accurate, precise, and reliable methods to assess body fluid compartments are needed. This review describes the hydration assessment techniques of isotope dilution, neutron activation analysis, bioelectrical impedance, body mass change, thirst, tracer appearance, hematologic indices, and urinary markers. It also provides guidance for selecting techniques that are appropriate for use with unique individuals and situations.
Armstrong
Lawrence E
LE
Human Performance Laboratory, Department of Kinesiology, University of Connecticut, Unit 1110, 2095 Hillside Road, Storrs, CT 06269-1110, USA. lawrence.armstrong@uconn.edu
D001825:Body Fluid Compartments / Q000502:physiology; D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism*; D019411:Clinical Laboratory Techniques; D003681:Dehydration / Q000175:diagnosis*; D017097:Electric Impedance; D018495:Fluid Shifts / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D009501:Neutron Activation Analysis; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D013894:Thirst / Q000502:physiology; D016482:Urinalysis