title: Instar-specific phenology of Pandemis pyrusana and Choristoneura rosaceana (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae) in Washington apple orchards.
abstract: Head capsule width was used to determine the instar specific phenology of the leafroller Pandemis pyrusana Kearfott and the obliquebanded leafroller, Choristoneura rosaceana (Harris) (Lepidoptera: Tortricidae), attacking apple in Washington state during 2001-2003. In total, 7012 P. pyrusana and 6122 obliquebanded leafroller larvae were measured from apple orchards from mid-March to mid-September. Degree-day accumulations from each site were paired with the head capsule data to determine the periods during which different instars were present in the field. The implications of this work for pest management and biological control of leafrollers is discussed.
authors: Tree Fruit Research and Extension Center, Washington State University, 1100 N. Western Avenue, Wenatchee, WA 98801, USA.
authors: Vincent P
authors: VP
authors: Jones
authors: Callie C
authors: CC
authors: Eastburn
authors: Tawnee D
authors: TD
authors: Wilburn
authors: Jay F
authors: JF
authors: Brunner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007814:Larva / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development; D009036:Moths / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000145:classification* / Q000254:growth & development; D012621:Seasons