title: Accumulation of 8-nitroguanine in the liver of patients with chronic hepatitis C.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Nucleic acid damage by reactive nitrogen and oxygen species may contribute to inflammation-related carcinogenesis. To investigate the extent of nucleic acid damage in hepatitis C virus infection and its change after interferon treatment, we measured 8-nitroguanine and 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) in the liver of patients with chronic hepatitis C (CHC) before and after interferon therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hepatic accumulation of 8-nitroguanine and 8-OHdG was immunohistochemically evaluated in 20 CHC patients and 7 control patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immunoreactivities of 8-nitroguanine and 8-OHdG were strongly detected in the liver from patients with CHC, but not in control livers. 8-Nitroguanine accumulation was found not only in infiltrating inflammatory cells, but also hepatocytes particularly in the periportal area. The accumulation of 8-nitroguanine and 8-OHdG increased with inflammatory grade (8-nitroguanine; P = 0.0019, 8-OHdG; P = 0.0009). In the sustained virological responder group after interferon therapy, 8-nitroguanine and 8-OHdG accumulation were markedly decreased in the liver (8-nitroguanine; P = 0.018, 8-OHdG; P = 0.018).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, we demonstrated for the first time that 8-nitroguanine accumulated in the liver of patients with CHC. 8-Nitroguanine is a useful biomarker to evaluate the severity of HCV-induced chronic inflammation in relation to hepatocellular carcinoma.
authors: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Mie University School of Medicine, Tsu, Mie 514-8507, Japan.
authors: Shinichiro
authors: S
authors: Horiike
authors: Shosuke
authors: S
authors: Kawanishi
authors: Masahiko
authors: M
authors: Kaito
authors: Ning
authors: N
authors: Ma
authors: Hideaki
authors: H
authors: Tanaka
authors: Naoki
authors: N
authors: Fujita
authors: Motoh
authors: M
authors: Iwasa
authors: Yoshinao
authors: Y
authors: Kobayashi
authors: Yusuke
authors: Y
authors: Hiraku
authors: Shinji
authors: S
authors: Oikawa
authors: Mariko
authors: M
authors: Murata
authors: Jinyan
authors: J
authors: Wang
authors: Reiji
authors: R
authors: Semba
authors: Shozo
authors: S
authors: Watanabe
authors: Yukihiko
authors: Y
authors: Adachi
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000453:epidemiology; D004249:DNA Damage; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006147:Guanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species
chemical_list: C095838:8-nitroguanine; D015415:Biomarkers; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D006147:Guanine; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine