title: Alternative factor models and factorial invariance of the GHQ-12: a large sample analysis using confirmatory factor analysis.
abstract: This study tested alternative factor models of the General Health Questionnaire-12 (GHQ-12), based on previous research findings, with a large sample using confirmatory factor analysis. An alternative models framework was used to test 6 factor analytic models. A 3-factor model was the best explanation of the sample data. The 3 factors were labeled Anxiety-Depression, Social Dysfunction, and Loss of Confidence. The model was found to be factorially invariant between men and women. The utility of the 3 subscales, as opposed to the total GHQ-12 score, is questioned as they appear to provide little information beyond that of a general factor.
authors: School of Psychology, University of Ulster, Magee Campus, Londonderry, United Kingdom. m.shevlin@ulster.ac.uk
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Shevlin
authors: Gary
authors: G
authors: Adamson
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012649:Self Concept; D012919:Social Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires