title: Repetitive low-energy shock wave application without local anesthesia is more efficient than repetitive low-energy shock wave application with local anesthesia in the treatment of chronic plantar fasciitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It remains unclear whether application of local anesthesia (LA) interferes with clinical efficacy of extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT) for chronic plantar fasciitis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of local anesthesia on the clinical outcome after repetitive low-energy ESWT for chronic plantar fasciitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-six patients with chronic plantar fasciitis were randomly assigned to receive either low-energy ESWT without LA, given weekly for three weeks (Group I, n=45; 3 x 2000 pulses, total energy flux density per shock 0.09 mJ/mm2) or identical ESWT with LA (Group II, n=41). Primary outcome measure was: Reduction of pain from baseline to month 3 post-treatment in a pain numeric rating scale [0-10 points] during first steps in the morning, evaluated by an independent blinded observer. Calculations were based on intention-to-treat.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No difference was found between the groups at baseline. At 3 months, the average pain score was 2.2+/-2.0 points for patients of Group I, and 4.1+/-1.5 points for patients of Group II. The mean between-group difference was 1.9 points (95% CI: [1.1-2.7 points]; P<.001). Significantly more patients of Group I achieved 50% reduction of pain compared to Group II (67% vs 29%, P<.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ESWT as applied should be done without LA in patients suffering from chronic heel pain. LA applied prior treatment reduced the efficiency of low-energy ESWT.
authors: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Johannes Gutenberg University School of Medicine, Langenbeckstrasse 1, Mainz D-55101, Germany. rompe@mail.uni-mainz.de
authors: Jan D
authors: JD
authors: Rompe
authors: Andrea
authors: A
authors: Meurer
authors: Bernhard
authors: B
authors: Nafe
authors: Alexander
authors: A
authors: Hofmann
authors: Ludger
authors: L
authors: Gerdesmeyer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000009:adverse effects*; D036981:Fasciitis, Plantar / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010146:Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D010865:Pilot Projects; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D014465:Ultrasonics / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local