title: Interaction of phosphorylated c-Jun with TCF4 regulates intestinal cancer development.
abstract: The proto-oncoprotein c-Jun is a component of the AP-1 transcription factor, the activity of which is augmented in many tumour types. An important mechanism in the stimulation of AP-1 function is amino-terminal phosphorylation of c-Jun by the c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs). Phosphorylated c-Jun is biologically more active, partially because it acquires the ability to interact with binding partners. Here we show that phosphorylated c-Jun interacts with the HMG-box transcription factor TCF4 to form a ternary complex containing c-Jun, TCF4 and beta-catenin. Chromatin immunoprecipitation assays revealed JNK-dependent c-Jun-TCF4 interaction on the c-jun promoter, and c-Jun and TCF4 cooperatively activated the c-jun promoter in reporter assays in a beta-catenin-dependent manner. In the Apc(Min) mouse model of intestinal cancer, genetic abrogation of c-Jun N-terminal phosphorylation or gut-specific conditional c-jun inactivation reduced tumour number and size and prolonged lifespan. Therefore, the phosphorylation-dependent interaction between c-Jun and TCF4 regulates intestinal tumorigenesis by integrating JNK and APC/beta-catenin, two distinct pathways activated by WNT signalling.
authors: Mammalian Genetics Laboratory, CR UK London Research Institute, Lincoln's Inn Fields Laboratories, 44 Lincoln's Inn Fields, London WC2A 3PX, UK.
authors: Abdolrahman S
authors: AS
authors: Nateri
authors: Bradley
authors: B
authors: Spencer-Dene
authors: Axel
authors: A
authors: Behrens
mesh_terms: D025601:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D017491:Genes, APC; D016758:Genes, jun / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007414:Intestinal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D011485:Protein Binding; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051820:TCF Transcription Factors; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism; D058118:Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin
chemical_list: D025601:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli Protein; C495270:CTNNB1 protein, human; C495267:CTNNB1 protein, mouse; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D016755:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-jun; D051820:TCF Transcription Factors; C544894:TCF7L2 protein, human; C544895:Tcf7l2 protein, mouse; D015534:Trans-Activators; D058118:Transcription Factor 7-Like 2 Protein; D014157:Transcription Factors; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases