title: Fatal adverse pulmonary reaction in calves after inadvertent intravenous vaccination.
abstract: Fatal adverse reactions to vaccination are uncommon and poorly documented. To our knowledge, this is the first case report of fatal adverse reaction to an inadvertent intravenous vaccination in three calves vaccinated against respiratory (Somnustar Ph) and clostridial (Tasvax 8) diseases. All three calves had severe acute interstitial pneumonia with multifocal pulmonary hemorrhages that resulted in fatal respiratory failure. Qualitatively, the pulmonary lesions in these calves were similar to those in septicemic/endotoxemic calves; however, the severity and extensity of pulmonary hemorrhages were of a higher degree than those usually observed in clinical septicemia/endotoxemia. In addition, approximately 30% of the arterioles and small arteries were surrounded by hemorrhages, which occasionally extended around adjacent bronchioles. A unilateral peri-jugular hematoma with recent transmural perforation of jugular vein found in all three calves was believed to have been caused by the injection needle during vaccination, and the fatal pulmonary changes were believed to have been secondary to the intravenous injection of vaccine.
authors: Department of Veterinary Pathology, Western College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Drive, Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada.
authors: J D
authors: JD
authors: Ramsay
authors: C L
authors: CL
authors: Williams
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Simko
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002417:Cattle; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000662:veterinary*; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006652:Histological Techniques / Q000662:veterinary; D007049:Iatrogenic Disease / Q000662:veterinary*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000662:veterinary; D007601:Jugular Veins / Q000473:pathology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000009:adverse effects; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides