title: Improvements in the wallpaper industry during the second half of the 19th century: micro-Raman spectroscopy analysis of pigmented wallpapers.
abstract: Scientific studies of the pigments used in the manufacturing process of some pigmented wallpapers are presented in this work. Non-destructive micro-Raman spectroscopy was selected for this purpose, and provides important information about how the 19th century wallpaper industry incorporated new materials in their works and designs. At the same time, analysis can help to date the samples of uncatalogued wallpapers. Chrome yellow, burnt Sienna, Prussian blue, ultramarine blue, red lead, carbon black, calcium carbonate, red iron oxide and a red organic pigment were identified. According to the palette used, as well as to the manufacturing process, the wallpapers in this study can be dated to the second half of the 19th century.
authors: Department of Analytical Chemistry, University of the Basque Country, P.O. Box 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain. qabcaork@lg.ehu.es
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Castro
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Vandenabeele
authors: M D
authors: MD
authors: Rodríguez-Laso
authors: L
authors: L
authors: Moens
authors: J M
authors: JM
authors: Madariaga
mesh_terms: D001154:Art / Q000266:history*; D049672:History, 19th Century; D006798:Housing / Q000266:history; D010209:Paper / Q000266:history*; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000266:history*; D013030:Spain; D013059:Spectrum Analysis, Raman / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D010860:Pigments, Biological