Mechanisms of Ca2+ liberation at fertilization.
The mechanisms underlying the Ca2+ release at fertilization of several animal organisms are reported. Four main classical theories are described, i.e., that of Ca2+ release following simple sperm contact and a G protein stimulation; that of simple sperm contact followed by a tyrosine kinase receptor activation; that of the necessity of introduction by sperm into the egg of molecules for Ca2+ release; and that the molecule introduced into the marine eggs for Ca2+ release is the same Ca2+. Two other mechanisms for Ca2+ release are also illustrated: that of ryanodine receptor stimulation and that of NAADP formation.
Geraci
Fabiana
F
Dipartimento di Biologia Cellulare e dello Sviluppo, Università di Palermo, Italy.
Giudice
Giovanni
G
D000227:Adenine Nucleotides / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D002642:Chick Embryo; D005306:Fertilization; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008954:Models, Biological; D013084:Sperm-Ovum Interactions; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000378:metabolism; D014981:Xenopus
D000227:Adenine Nucleotides; C039995:3-aminopyridine-1,N(6)-ethenoadenine dinucleotide phosphate; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D002118:Calcium