title: Intraoperative neurophysiologic monitoring: indications and techniques for common procedures in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery.
abstract: Intraoperative cranial nerve monitoring can be an effective adjunct in otolaryngology-head and neck surgery. Monitoring is not considered standard of care, despite indications of cost effectiveness and improved functional outcomes. Lessons learned performing facial nerve monitoring are applicable to upper and lower cranial motor nerves. Auditory nerve monitoring can be modified accord-ing to need for selected otologic and neurotologic surgery. Process standardization and effective communication can lead to improved patient outcomes.
authors: Division of Audiology and Electrophysiology, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, University of Michigan Health System, 1500 East Medical Center Drive, TC 1904, Ann Arbor, Michigan 43109, USA. bedwards@umich.edu
authors: Bruce M
authors: BM
authors: Edwards
authors: Paul R
authors: PR
authors: Kileny
mesh_terms: D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D004576:Electromyography; D005072:Evoked Potentials, Auditory; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; D006801:Humans; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D010038:Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*