Acute promyelocytic leukemia after living donor partial orthotopic liver transplantation in two Japanese girls.
Organ transplant recipients are generally considered to be at greater risk for developing malignant disorders because of prolonged immunosuppression for organ grafting, but acute leukemia is a rare complication after organ transplantation (0.2 -2.5%). We encountered two girls with acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) after living donor partial orthotopic liver transplantation. In one patient, APL developed 21 months after liver transplantation for ornithine transcarbamylase deficiency. She had been administered tacrolimus for prophylaxis of graft-versus-host reaction. In the other patient, APL was diagnosed 46 months after liver transplantation for congenital biliary atresia. Both patients were successfully treated by chemotherapy including all-trans retinoic acid (ATRA), and after reaching complete remission, they have subsequently been in continuous remission. Although leukemia after liver transplantation is generally thought of as a rare complication, increases in survival rate following liver transplantation is likely to lead to more such cases, and documentation of these cases is therefore of importance.
Sato
Tomonobu
T
Department of Pediatrics, Hokkaido University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan. t-satou@med.hokudai.ac.jp
Kobayashi
Ryoji
R
Iguchi
Akihiro
A
Nakajima
Masahide
M
Koizumi
Saeko
S
Furukawa
Hiroyuki
H
Todoh
Satoru
S
Kobayashi
Kunihiko
K
D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001656:Biliary Atresia / Q000601:surgery; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003630:Daunorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D006086:Graft vs Host Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019520:Living Donors; D020163:Ornithine Carbamoyltransferase Deficiency Disease / Q000601:surgery; D012074:Remission Induction; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000008:administration & dosage
D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D003561:Cytarabine; D014212:Tretinoin; D016559:Tacrolimus; D003630:Daunorubicin