title: Color stability of dry earth pigmented maxillofacial silicone A-2186 subjected to microwave energy exposure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to measure spectrophotometrically the color stability of pigmented A-2186 silicone maxillofacial elastomer with 10% by volume of titanium white dry earth opacifier before and after exposure to microwave energy over a simulated 1.5-year period of microwave sterilization.
  
  
  METHODS
  A-2186 silicone elastomer opacified with titanium white dry earth pigment, pigmented with 5 cosmetic dry earth pigment colors [no pigment (control) group (Pc), red (Pr), yellow ochre (Py), burnt sienna (Po), and a mixture of Pr + Py + Po color group (P3)], was used in this study. Each of the 5 experimental groups consisted of 5 specimens. All specimens were placed in a 250 ml glass beaker filled with 150 ml of water (replenished for each microwave exposure). An exposure of 6 minutes was used 18 times (simulating 1.5 years of microwave sterilization with one 6 minute exposure monthly). Reflectance values were measured by spectrophotometer. Three- and two-way analyses of variance with repeated measures were performed for the color difference (DeltaE*) with the factors of group/color/months, and group/months, respectively. Means were compared by Tukey Honest Significant Difference (HSD) multiple range test calculated at the 0.05 level of significance using SPSS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The trained human eye can detect color changes (DeltaE*) greater than 1.0. Most DeltaE* values of the red pigment group at all intervals and the mixed pigment group at 15- and 18- month intervals increased significantly greater than 1.0 (p < 0.001) compared with the control group. Yellow and burnt sienna groups remained the most color stable over time with DeltaE* values below 0.35.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lack of color stability of red dry earth pigmented A-2186 silicone maxillofacial elastomers was clinically significant after 12-month exposure to microwave energy as compared with yellow, burnt sienna, and opacified A-2186 dry earth pigments.
authors: Department of Restorative Dentistry and Biomaterials, The University of Texas Dental Branch at Houston, Houston, TX 77030, USA. Sudarat.Kiat-amnuay@uth.tmc.edu
authors: Sudarat
authors: S
authors: Kiat-amnuay
authors: Dennis A
authors: DA
authors: Johnston
authors: John M
authors: JM
authors: Powers
authors: Rhonda F
authors: RF
authors: Jacob
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003124:Colorimetry; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes / Q000528:radiation effects*; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008447:Maxillofacial Prosthesis; D008872:Microwaves; D010860:Pigments, Biological / Q000528:radiation effects; D017797:Prosthesis Coloring; D012826:Silicone Elastomers / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013053:Spectrophotometry; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013242:Sterilization / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: C076788:A 2186; D004129:Dimethylpolysiloxanes; D010860:Pigments, Biological; D012826:Silicone Elastomers