title: The structural integrity of the endoplasmic reticulum, and its possible regulation by inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate.
abstract: The endoplasmic reticulum (ER) is a dynamic organelle thought to consist of a single interconnected network of membranes. Using fluorescence recovery after photobleaching (FRAP) of HEK-293 cells dually transfected with soluble fluorescent proteins targeted to the ER (GFP) and mitochondria (DsRed), we have confirmed this continuity, which contrasts that of the mitochondria, which behave as a population of discrete organelles. The degree of ER integrity (interconnected versus fragmented) has been suggested to be regulated in some cells by inositol 1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate (Ins(1,3,4,5)P(4)). In HEK-293 and freshly isolated murine lacrimal acinar cells, we manipulated ER structure by disrupting cellular Ca(2+) homeostasis with the Ca(2+) ionophore ionomycin, and by permeabilisation of the plasma membrane, protocols known to cause ER fragmentation. However, we were subsequently unable to detect by FRAP any significant effect of Ins(1,3,4,5)P(4) on ER integrity.
authors: Department of Pharmacology, Cambridge, UK. David.Brough@manchester.ac.uk
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Brough
authors: Yirong
authors: Y
authors: Sim
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Thorn
authors: Robin F
authors: RF
authors: Irvine
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002460:Cell Line; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism; D004721:Endoplasmic Reticulum / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D036681:Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007295:Inositol Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism*; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015759:Ionomycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D007476:Ionophores / Q000494:pharmacology; D007765:Lacrimal Apparatus / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007295:Inositol Phosphates; D007476:Ionophores; C081655:inositol-1,3,4,5-tetrakisphosphate; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D015759:Ionomycin