title: Antisettlement activity of synthetic analogues of polymeric 3-alkylpyridinium salts isolated from the sponge Reniera sarai.
abstract: Based on the high, non-toxic and reversible antifouling activity of the polymeric 3-alkylpyridinium salts isolated from the sponge Reniera sarai, the anti-settlement activity and toxicity of a series of synthetic analogues has been studied. All the test compounds were less efficient than the natural polymers, suggesting that the high and reversible anti-macrofouling activity of the natural polymers could derive from their detergent-like properties. The values obtained for EC50sett. of inhibition of cyprid settlement and EC50imm. as naupliar toxicity for the synthetic compounds indicate that the presence of single or multiple charges in the structure is not relevant for the antifouling activity which, conversely, is favoured by increasing the length of the alkyl chain, or by the presence of uncharged pyridine units. The compound 1,8-di(3-pyridyl)octane was the most efficient (EC50sett. = 0.44 microgml(-1)), although with a higher toxicity on naupliar stage of B. amphitrite than the natural polymers.
authors: CNR-Istituto di Scienze Marine ISMAR Sezione Tecnologie Marine, Genova, Italy.
authors: Marco
authors: M
authors: Faimali
authors: Francesca
authors: F
authors: Garaventa
authors: Ines
authors: I
authors: Mancini
authors: Adriana
authors: A
authors: Sicurelli
authors: Graziano
authors: G
authors: Guella
authors: Veronica
authors: V
authors: Piazza
authors: Giuliano
authors: G
authors: Greco
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D011108:Polymers / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011161:Porifera / Q000737:chemistry*; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012492:Salts; D001468:Thoracica / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds; D012492:Salts