title: Culture of cells harvested with nasal brushing: a method for evaluating ciliary function.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Usefulness and reliability of nasal brush samples in a monolayer cell culture was studied for evaluation of ciliary movement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cells for cultures were harvested under the middle turbinate from patients with chronic sinusitis and from controls. Ciliary function was analysed using a microscope equipped with a high-speed video camera. Ciliary beat frequency (CBF), ciliary amplitude, waveform and coordination were analysed from the cultures 4-6 h after the harvest of brush samples and 3 days after the culture.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average success rate of cell cultures was 82.5%. There were not statistically significant differences in CBF between patients and controls but there was significant difference between brush biopsy and cultured brush biopsy in controls. The ciliary beat amplitude and the waveform were normal in all samples in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Miniculture method for culturing nasal cells from brush biopsies proved reliable and non-invasive for detailed analysing of ciliary function and for excluding possible secondary ciliary dyskinesia. Compared to conventional mucosal cell cultures where thick and invasive specimens are needed for successful cultures, it is easier and quicker to perform and well tolerated by patients. Thin monolayer cultures enable the evaluation of frequency, amplitude and the waveform of the cilia beat under the microscope whereas floating cells and cell clusters do not give this opportunity.
authors: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland. elina.toskala-hannikainen@ttl.fi
authors: Elina
authors: E
authors: Toskala
authors: Juhani
authors: J
authors: Haataja
authors: Hideaki
authors: H
authors: Shirasaki
authors: Markus
authors: M
authors: Rautiainen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D002923:Cilia / Q000502:physiology*; D002925:Ciliary Motility Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008858:Microscopy, Phase-Contrast; D018715:Microscopy, Video; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D014420:Turbinates / Q000473:pathology