title: Association between chronic diseases and disability in elderly subjects with low and high income: the Leiden 85-plus Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Disability in activities of daily living (ADL) might be more prevalent among elderly with low income due to higher prevalence of chronic diseases and impairments, as well as stronger associations of these factors with ADL-disability.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the Leiden 85-plus Study, we defined disability as being unable to perform one or more basic ADL activities. Presence of chronic diseases was obtained from medical records, impairments were assessed with performance-tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Elderly with low income had higher prevalence of ADL-disability (23% versus 12%; odds ratio 2.0; 95% confidence interval 1.3-3.2), higher prevalence of impairments and equal prevalence of chronic diseases, except for dementia and co-morbidity. Associations of these factors with ADL-disability were not stronger.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that ADL-disability is more prevalent in elderly with low income. Neither prevalence of chronic diseases nor the association with disability could explain this.
authors: Department of Gerontology and Geriatrics, Leiden University Medical Center, The Netherlands.
authors: Annetje
authors: A
authors: Bootsma-van der Wiel
authors: Anton J M
authors: AJ
authors: de Craen
authors: Eric
authors: E
authors: Van Exel
authors: Peter W
authors: PW
authors: Macfarlane
authors: Jacobijn
authors: J
authors: Gussekloo
authors: Rudi G J
authors: RG
authors: Westendorp
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009426:Netherlands; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012923:Social Class