title: Resolution-dependent estimates of multiple sclerosis lesion loads.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Changes in brain lesion loads assessed with magnetic resonance imaging obtained at 1.5 Telsa (T) are used as a measure of disease evolution in natural history studies and treatment trials of multiple sclerosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A comparison was made between the total lesion volume and individual lesions observed on 1.5 T images and on high-resolution 4 T images. Lesions were quantified using a computer-assisted segmentation tool.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a 46% increase in the total number of lesions detected with 4 T versus 1.5 T imaging (p < 0.005). The 4 T also showed a 60% increase in total lesion volume when compared with the 1.5 T (p < 0.005). In several instances, the 1.5 T scans showed individual lesions that coalesced into larger areas of abnormality in the 4 T scans. The relationship between individual lesion volumes was linear (slope 1.231) showing that the lesion volume observed at 4 T increased with the size of the lesion detected at 1.5 T. The 4 T voxels were less than one quarter the size of those used at 1.5 T and there were no consistent differences between their signal-to-noise ratios.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increase in signal strength that accompanied the increase in field strength compensated for the loss in signal amplitude produced by the use of smaller voxels. This enabled the acquisition of images with improved resolution, resulting in increased lesion detection at 4 T and larger lesion volumes.
authors: Department of Physiology, University of Western Ontario, London, Canada.
authors: M K
authors: MK
authors: Erskine
authors: L L
authors: LL
authors: Cook
authors: K E
authors: KE
authors: Riddle
authors: J R
authors: JR
authors: Mitchell
authors: S J
authors: SJ
authors: Karlik
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D009413:Nerve Fibers, Myelinated / Q000473:pathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D015203:Reproducibility of Results