Cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers in Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease.
Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) is a rare neurodegenerative disorder. Since the emergence of variant CJD (vCJD) vigilance concerning the disease's incidence has increased and the interest in accurate in vivo diagnosis has augmented. So far, a large number of biomarkers has been investigated as aid in the differential diagnosis of sporadic Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (sCJD) and vCJD. These include, among others, neuron-specific enolase (NSE), microtubuli associated protein Tau, S-100beta, amyloid-beta (Abeta(1-42)) and the 14-3-3 protein. Multiple studies have confirmed that CSF detection of 14-3-3 protein by Western blot was the best single biomarker for sCJD with an average sensitivity and specificity of 92%. Also, in genetic and iatrogenic CJD (iCJD) patients with an average disease duration of less than 1 year, 14-3-3 is the best differential biomarker. Unfortunately, the 14-3-3 protein has a lower sensitivity if the disease duration exceeds beyond 1 year in both sporadic CJD and other CJD types (vCJD, and specific genetic or iatrogenic CJD types).
Van Everbroeck
B
B
Born Bunge Foundation, Laboratory of Neurobiology, Department of Neurobiology, Campus Drie Eiken, University of Antwerp, Universiteitsplein 1, B-2610 Wilrijk, Belgium.
Boons
J
J
Cras
P
P
D048948:14-3-3 Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D007562:Creutzfeldt-Jakob Syndrome / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D011328:Prions / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
D048948:14-3-3 Proteins; D015415:Biomarkers; D011328:Prions; D016875:tau Proteins