The Geriatric Depression Scale should be shortened: results of Rasch analysis.
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to examine the unidimensionality, item fit, redundancy and differential item functioning (DIF) of the 15-item version of the Geriatric Depression Scale (GDS) in a community sample of 300 Hong Kong Chinese patients with pneumoconiosis.


METHODS
Participants were randomly selected from the case register of the Pneumoconiosis Compensation Fund Board of Hong Kong. A trained research assistant administered the GDS to all participants. A psychiatrist, who was blind to the GDS scores, conducted a structured clinical interview to diagnose depressive disorders according to the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual for Mental Disorders, Version IV (DSM-IV) criteria.


RESULTS
Of the 300 participants, 37 (12.3%) had a DSM-IV diagnosis of depressive disorders. Eleven out of 15 items (73.3%) had INFIT/OUTFIT statistics between 0.7-1.3. Abbreviated versions were created by removal of misfit and redundant items resulting in similar overall performance as the original 15-item GDS. None of the items had significant DIF for age, level of education and cognitive impairment.


CONCLUSIONS
Although the GDS was overall unidimensional, there was evidence of item redundancy indicating that a shortened version would be as adequate as the original version.
Tang
Wai Kwong
WK
Department of Psychiatry, Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, SAR, China. tangwk@cuhk.edu.hk
Wong
Eric
E
Chiu
Helen F K
HF
Lum
C M
CM
Ungvari
Gabor S
GS
D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000523:psychology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015233:Models, Statistical; D011009:Pneumoconiosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017678:Sex Distribution