Laparoscopic vascular anastomoses: does robotic (Zeus-Aesop) assistance help to overcome the learning curve?
BACKGROUND
Considerable training is necessary to master laparoscopic suturing and knot-tying. Robotic systems are assumed to facilitate these skills and shorten the learning curve. The effect of laparoscopic experience and robotic assistance on the learning curve of vascular anastomoses was studied.


METHODS
A laparoscopically experienced surgeon and a laparoscopically inexperienced surgeon made alternating laparoscopic vascular anastomoses and robot-assisted laparoscopic vascular anastomoses using a Zeus-Aesop surgical robotic system with various prosthetic conduits and suture materials in a laparoscopic training box.


RESULTS
Neither laparoscopic method influenced the quality score or leakage rate, but with laparoscopic experience, significantly fewer failures were made. Suturing and knot-tying were faster with laparoscopic experience both with and without the robotic system, and fewer stitch actions and knot actions were performed. The learning curves of both surgeons were not improved by the robotic system.


CONCLUSIONS
Experience is the most important factor in the performance of laparoscopic vascular anastomoses. The robotic system was not helpful in shortening the learning curve.
Nio
D
D
Department of Surgery, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1100 DD Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Bemelman
W A
WA
Balm
R
R
Legemate
D A
DA
D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000193:education* / Q000379:methods*; D010535:Laparoscopy; D012371:Robotics; D013536:Suture Techniques / Q000193:education*; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000193:education* / Q000379:methods*