title: Is GST gene polymorphism a risk factor in developing exfoliation syndrome?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the distribution of GSTM1, GSTP1, and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms in exfoliation syndrome (XFS) and the possible associations between the presence of exfoliation syndrome and glutathione S-transferase (GST) gene polymorphisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a real-time polymerase chain reaction, GSTM1, GSTP1, and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms were detected in 60 patients with exfoliation syndrome, among which 71.7% had exfoliative glaucoma (43 patients), 16.7% had XFS with elevated intraocular pressure (IOP) (10 patients), and 11.7% had XFS only (7 cases), and in 65 otherwise healthy control group of similar age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although the exfoliation syndrome group presented a higher prevalence of the GSTM1 null and GSTP1 Ile/Val genotypes than the control group, this increase was not statistically significant. GSTT1 null and GSTP1 Val/Val polymorphisms were also not different among groups. The risk of exfoliation syndrome was not increased as the number of putative high-risk genotypes increase (p = 0.73).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GSTM1, GSTP1, and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms were not different among exfoliation syndrome patients, with or without glaucoma, and the controls therefore GSTM1, GSTP1, and GSTT1 gene polymorphisms did not seem to be associated with the risk of development of exfoliation syndrome.
authors: Ophthalmology Department, Mersin University Faculty of Medicine, Mersin, Turkey. aycayilmaz@mersin.edu.tr
authors: Ayça
authors: A
authors: Yilmaz
authors: Lülüfer
authors: L
authors: Tamer
authors: Nurcan Aras
authors: NA
authors: Ates
authors: Ozlem
authors: O
authors: Yildirim
authors: Hatice
authors: H
authors: Yildirim
authors: Uğur
authors: U
authors: Atik
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017889:Exfoliation Syndrome / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012307:Risk Factors; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D051549:Glutathione S-Transferase pi; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D007527:Isoenzymes; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1; C496556:GSTP1 protein, human