title: An easy-to-use semiquantitative food record validated for energy intake by using doubly labelled water technique.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Estimating dietary intake is important for both epidemiological and clinical studies, but often lacks accuracy.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the accuracy and validity of energy intake estimated by an easy-to-use semiquantitative food record (EI(SQFR)) compared to total energy expenditure (TEE) estimated by doubly labelled water technique (EE(DLW)).
  
  
  METHODS
  TEE was measured in 29 nonobese subjects using the doubly labelled water method over a period of 14 days. Within this period, subjects reported their food consumption by a newly developed semiquantitative food record for 4 consecutive days. Energy intake was calculated using the German Food Code and Nutrition Data Base BLS II.3.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A good correlation was observed between EI(SQFR) and EE(DLW) (r = 0.685, P < 0.001). The mean difference between EI(SQFR) and EE(DLW) was -1.7+/-2.6 MJ/day (-14+/-21%, P = 0.002). An underestimation of EI(SQFR) <10% was observed in nine subjects (31%), of 10-20% in six subjects (21%), and of >20% in nine subjects (31%). In five subjects (17%), an overestimation of EI(SQFR) was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The easy-to-use semiquantitative food record provided good estimates of EI in free-living and nonobese adults without prior detailed verbal instructions. The presented food record has limitations regarding accuracy at the individual level.
authors: Dietary Fibre and the Metabolic Syndrome Group, German Institute of Human Nutrition Potsdam-Rehbruecke, Nuthetal, Germany. koebnick@mail.dife.de
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Koebnick
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Wagner
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Thielecke
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Dieter
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Höhne
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Franke
authors: A L
authors: AL
authors: Garcia
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Meyer
authors: I
authors: I
authors: Hoffmann
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Leitzmann
authors: U
authors: U
authors: Trippo
authors: H J F
authors: HJ
authors: Zunft
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism; D003903:Deuterium; D015930:Diet Records; D002149:Energy Intake; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D010103:Oxygen Isotopes; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*
chemical_list: D010103:Oxygen Isotopes; D003903:Deuterium