Biofilms: their structure, activity, and effect on membrane filtration.
The goal of this presentation is to identify biofouling mechanisms that cause undesirable effects to the membrane separation processes of flux decline and pressure drop. The underlying assumption of this presentation is that biofouling is unavoidable and that the operator cannot eliminate it entirely. This premise justifies research efforts toward understanding the mechanisms by which biofouling affects the membrane processes, rather than expecting that technology can entirely eliminate membrane biofouling in the near future. An improved understanding of biofouling mechanisms may lead to better membrane design, better membrane modules, and better membrane cleaning procedures.
Lewandowski
Z
Z
Center for Biofilm Engineering, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA. ZL@erc.montana.edu
Beyenal
H
H
D018407:Bacterial Physiological Phenomena; D018441:Biofilms / Q000254:growth & development*; D018533:Biomass; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005374:Filtration; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis; D020959:Polyethylene / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D016062:Porosity; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*
D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D011108:Polymers; D020959:Polyethylene; D010100:Oxygen