title: Automatic detection of fiducial markers in fluoroscopy images for on-line calibration.
abstract: Calibrated C-arm fluoroscopy is used for a variety of medical procedures where objects and anatomical structures need to be located in space. Calibration is often based on imaging a grid of fiducial markers and using the C-arm image's geometrical measurements (radius and center) together with the positions of the markers. An on-line technique is developed to automatically locate the fiducial markers and validated on 97 images. The success rate of the detection algorithm is 96.28% with an average error of 0.46 mm and a standard deviation of 0.32 mm.
authors: The University of British Columbia, Vancouver Canada.
authors: Laurence
authors: L
authors: Smith
authors: Mike
authors: M
authors: Pleasance
authors: Rosalyn
authors: R
authors: Seeton
authors: Neculai
authors: N
authors: Archip
authors: Robert
authors: R
authors: Rohling
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001331:Automation; D001918:Brachytherapy; D002138:Calibration; D003201:Computers; D005471:Fluoroscopy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D011880:Radiotherapy Planning, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D011881:Radiotherapy, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D012984:Software