[Birth defects and health strategies in Brazil: an overview].
Birth defects have increased progressively in Brazil, shifting from the fifth to the second cause of infant mortality from 1980 to 2000, thus highlighting the need for specific health policy strategies. Some governmental and nongovernmental actions related to birth defects in Brazil include information services on teratogenic agents and inborn errors of metabolism, monitoring of birth defects, neonatal screening and treatment of some genetic diseases, and rubella immunization. In addition, flour fortification with folic acid for prevention of certain birth defects has begun recently. Despite the importance of such initiatives, it is still difficult to view birth defects from a comprehensive perspective. A specific national policy on birth defects must be formulated. Active participation is needed by the Ministry of Health, using existing genetic services as the backbone, in order to develop a regionalized, hierarchical, and functional network related to birth defects in Brazil.
Horovitz
Dafne Dain Gandelman
DD
Instituto Fernandes Figueira, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. dafne@ceresgenetica.com.br
Llerena
Juan Clinton
JC
Mattos
Ruben Araújo de
RA
D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000401:mortality; D016208:Databases, Factual; D033142:Genetic Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006285:Health Planning / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006291:Health Policy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007226:Infant Mortality; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D011295:Prenatal Care / Q000458:organization & administration*