Alkalibacterium iburiense sp. nov., an obligate alkaliphile that reduces an indigo dye.
Three indigo-reducing obligately alkaliphilic strains, M3(T), 41A and 41C, were isolated. The isolates grew at pH 9-12, but not at pH 7-8. They were Gram-positive, facultatively anaerobic, straight rod-shaped strains with peritrichous flagella. The isolates grew in 0-14% (w/v) NaCl, with optimum growth at 3-13%. They grew at temperatures between 10 and 45 degrees C, with optimum growth at around 30-37 degrees C. They did not hydrolyse starch or gelatin. DL-lactate was the major end-product from D-glucose. No quinones could be detected. The peptidoglycan type was A4beta, Orn-d-Asp. The major cellular fatty acids were C(16:0), C(16:1)7c and C(18:1)9c. The DNA G+C content was 42.6-43.2 mol%. Phylogenetic analysis based on 16S rRNA gene sequence data indicated that the isolates belong to the genus Alkalibacterium. DNA-DNA hybridization revealed low similarity (less than 16%) of the isolates with respect to the two closest phylogenetically related strains, Alkalibacterium olivapovliticus and Alkalibacterium psychrotolerans. On the basis of phenotypic and chemotaxonomic characteristics, phylogenetic data and DNA-DNA relatedness, the isolates merit classification as a novel species of the genus Alkalibacterium, for which the name Alkalibacterium iburiense is proposed. The type strain is M3(T) (=JCM 12662(T)=NCIMB 14024(T)).
Nakajima
Kenji
K
Research Institute of Genome-based Biofactory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo 062-8517, Japan.
Hirota
Kikue
K
Research Institute of Genome-based Biofactory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo 062-8517, Japan.
Nodasaka
Yoshinobu
Y
Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Graduate School of Dentistry, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan.
Yumoto
Isao
I
Graduate School of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8589, Japan.|Research Institute of Genome-based Biofactory, National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST), Tsukisamu-Higashi, Toyohira-ku, Sapporo 062-8517, Japan.
D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000378:metabolism*; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000032:analysis; D020459:Genes, rRNA; D006093:Gram-Positive Asporogenous Rods / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007203:Indigo Carmine; D007211:Indoles / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010641:Phenotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D013045:Species Specificity
D004396:Coloring Agents; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D007211:Indoles; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D007203:Indigo Carmine