Turkish coffeehouse kahvehane is an important tobacco smoke exposure area in Turkey.
This study was undertaken to investigate the extent of environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) exposure in coffeehouses, as these are commonly frequented public places in Turkey. From 86 coffeehouses in the 3 districts, 59 coffeehouse workers and 35 hospital staff members (as a control group) were evaluated. Participants answered a questionnaire about demographics, working characteristics, smoking behavior, and ETS exposure during their daily life lives. The amount of nicotine in hair was determined by using gas chromatography/mass spectrometry (GC/MS). The mean hair nicotine level of the nonsmoker and smoker coffeehouse workers were 23.2 +/- 12.3 microg/g and 62.5 +/- 49.8 microg/g, respectively. Among the hospital staff, mean hair nicotine levels were 4.5 +/- 6 microg/g in nonsmokers and 30.6 +/- 14 microg/g in smokers. Working in coffeehouses has a marked effect on hair nicotine levels and potential adverse health effects.
Fidan
Fatma
F
Department of Chest, School of Medicine, Dokuz Eylul University, Izmir, Turkey.
Guven
Hulya
H
Eminoglu
Ozlem
O
Kalkan
Sule
S
Ergor
Gul
G
Cimrin
Arif
A
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D006197:Hair / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009538:Nicotine / Q000032:analysis*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D012147:Restaurants; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D014421:Turkey
D000393:Air Pollutants; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D009538:Nicotine