title: The impact of pronuclear orientation to select chromosomally normal embryos.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To find an effective method to select embryos from ICSI with better chromosomal status when preimplantation-genetic-diagnosis (PGD) is not applied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Several morpholological evaluations were done in same embryos. Embryos from ICSI were classified on day 1 according to pronuclear-nucleoli arrangement. On day 3, classification was done according to number, fragmentation, size and shape of cells. In some patients, embryos exhibiting good quality on day 3 (at least six regular blastomeres with cell fragmentation lower than 20%) were also submitted to PGD, irrespective to pronuclear-nucleoli morphology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-two per cent of normally fertilized embryos showed pronuclear-nucleoli-good-morphology; from those, 86% were also classified as good quality on day 3. Good-quality embryos submitted to PGD have shown lower chromosomal abnormality rates when also classified as pronuclear-nucleoli-good-morphology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pronuclear-nucleoli morphology seems to be correlated with PGD results. This criterion may prove useful for pre-select embryos with normal chromosomal package when PGD is not applied.
authors: Fertility-Centro de Fertilização Assistida, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors: Edson Júnior
authors: EJ
authors: Borges
authors: Lia Mara
authors: LM
authors: Rossi
authors: Leila
authors: L
authors: Farah
authors: Patricia
authors: P
authors: Guilherme
authors: Claudia C
authors: CC
authors: Rocha
authors: Valdemar
authors: V
authors: Ortiz
authors: Assumpto Júnior
authors: AJ
authors: Iaconelli
mesh_terms: D002455:Cell Division; D002466:Cell Nucleolus / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D002875:Chromosomes / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D005306:Fertilization; D006801:Humans; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic / Q000379:methods*