title: Effects of energy restriction and fish oil supplementation on renal guanidino levels and antioxidant defences in aged lupus-prone B/W mice.
abstract: Energy restriction (ER) and dietary fish oil (FO) are known to reduce the severity of glomerulonephritis and increase the lifespan of lupus-prone (NZB x NZW) F1 (B/W) mice. In the present study, mice were fed either ad libitum or energy-restricted (a 40 % lower energy intake than the diet ad libitum), semi-purified diets containing 5 % maize oil or 5 % fish oil supplementation. To estimate the renal damage associated with oxidative stress, the total amounts of reactive oxygen species (ROS), cyclooxygenase-derived ROS and levels of guanidino compounds were measured. Additionally, we assessed the putative action of ER and FO on several key antioxidant enzymes measured in the kidney post-mitochondrial fraction. Results showed that the age-related increase in creatinine level was significantly reduced by ER and FO in old mice. In contrast, arginine and guanidino acetic acid levels showed a decrease with age but were increased by ER and FO. The GSH:GSSG ratio showed a significant decrease with age, whereas ER and FO feeding prevented the decrease. The age-related decrease in antioxidant scavenging superoxide dismutase, catalase and glutathione peroxidase activities were all reversed by ER and FO. The moderately decreased glutathione reductase and glutathione-S-transferase activities with age were significantly increased by ER and FO. Furthermore, the increased total ROS and cyclooxygenase-derived ROS levels were effectively reduced by ER and FO. In conclusion, our data strongly indicate that ER and FO maintain antioxidant status and GSH:GSSG ratio, thereby protecting against renal deterioration from oxidative insults during ageing.
authors: Department of Cosmetology, Pusan Women's College, Pusanjin-Gu, Pusan, Korea.
authors: You Jung
authors: YJ
authors: Kim
authors: Takako
authors: T
authors: Yokozawa
authors: Hae Young
authors: HY
authors: Chung
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001120:Arginine / Q000032:analysis; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D003404:Creatinine / Q000032:analysis; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000032:analysis; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide / Q000032:analysis; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D019791:Guanidine / Q000032:analysis*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D008177:Lupus Vulgaris / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005395:Fish Oils; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D001120:Arginine; D003404:Creatinine; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D005978:Glutathione; D019791:Guanidine; D019342:Acetic Acid; D019803:Glutathione Disulfide