title: Impaired nonhomologous end-joining in mismatch repair-deficient colon carcinomas.
abstract: Frameshift mutations of coding mononucleotide repeat of the hRAD50 gene and formation of the mutant hMRE11 splicing variant are frequent events in tumors with mismatch repair (MMR) deficiency. Both the hRAD50 and hMRE11 proteins form a heterotrimer with the NBS1, and this heterotrimer is involved in the double strand DNA break repair by homologous recombination and nonhomologous end-joining (NHEJ). In order to clarify the role of hRAD50 and hMRE11 gene alterations in MMR-deficient tumors, we analyzed the expression of the hRAD50 and hMRE11 proteins and we evaluated NHEJ in the seven MMR-deficient and five MMR-proficient colon cancer cell lines. Frameshift mutations of the hRAD50 gene were found in five of seven MMR-deficient cell lines, and this was directly related to the decreased expression of hRAD50 mRNA and protein. The mutant hMRE11 splicing variant was found in all of the seven MMR-deficient cell lines, and this was related to the decreased hMRE11 expression in four of the seven MMR-deficient cell lines. MMR-deficient cell lines with decreased hRAD50 and hMRE11 expressions were more sensitive to gamma-irradiation, and these cell lines showed an impaired NHEJ. The impairment of NHEJ was induced after knockdown of hRAD50 and hMRE11 through small interference RNA. Our findings suggest that mutations of hRAD50 and hMRE11 genes in MMR-deficient tumors are related to the defects in NHEJ, and this may result in chromosomal changes during the progression of tumor.
authors: Department of Pathology, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors: Kwi H
authors: KH
authors: Koh
authors: Hyun J
authors: HJ
authors: Kang
authors: Long S
authors: LS
authors: Li
authors: Nam-Gyun
authors: NG
authors: Kim
authors: Kwon T
authors: KT
authors: You
authors: Eungi
authors: E
authors: Yang
authors: Hyunki
authors: H
authors: Kim
authors: Hee J
authors: HJ
authors: Kim
authors: Chae-Ok
authors: CO
authors: Yun
authors: Kyung-Sup
authors: KS
authors: Kim
authors: Hoguen
authors: H
authors: Kim
mesh_terms: D017766:Acid Anhydride Hydrolases; D020137:Base Pair Mismatch; D001483:Base Sequence; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D017931:DNA Primers; D004260:DNA Repair; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D012326:RNA Splicing; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D011995:Recombination, Genetic
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D017766:Acid Anhydride Hydrolases; C112158:RAD50 protein, human; D045643:DNA Repair Enzymes