title: Cognitive performance after first ever stroke related to progression of vascular brain damage: a 2 year follow up CT scan study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Stroke is one of the most common causes of cognitive impairment in the elderly. Ischaemic brain damage (white matter lesions and silent infarcts) progresses in a substantial number of stroke patients. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the progression of ischaemic brain damage is associated with cognitive functioning after first ever stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 101 stroke patients were followed up for 2 years. Neuropsychological functioning was assessed at 1, 6, 12, and 24 months after stroke. Computed tomography was performed on all patients at baseline and 2 years after stroke. Progression in white matter lesions and (silent) infarcts was recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients with progressive vascular brain damage performed worse on cognitive tasks, both 1 and 24 months after stroke, yet change in cognitive functioning was not different from that of patients without progressive vascular damage. During the follow up, improvement was noticed on most cognitive domains.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although patients with progressive vascular brain damage after a first stroke performed somewhat worse on cognitive tests than those without such damage, both groups showed an improved or stable performance 2 years later. Thus, there is not a simple relation between progression of ischaemic brain damage and decline in cognitive functioning after first ever stroke.
authors: Brain and Behaviour Research Institute, Department of Psychiatry and Neuropsychology, PO Box 5800, 6200 MD Maastricht, the Netherlands.
authors: S M C
authors: SM
authors: Rasquin
authors: F R J
authors: FR
authors: Verhey
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Lousberg
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Lodder
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D002536:Cerebral Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D003710:Demography; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed