Development and psychometric properties of a pain-related problem list for adolescents (PPL).
Instruments for measuring pain-related problems in adolescents with chronic pain are sparse, especially those based on the personal experiences of these adolescents. This study aimed to develop and test such an instrument, the pain-related problem list for adolescents (PPL). A sample of 129 adolescents with chronic pain without documented physiological etiology completed the 57-item problem list, which was based on interviews with a similar group of adolescents with chronic pain. Principal components analysis yielded four domains: problems related to (1) concentration; (2) mobility; (3) adaptability; and (4) mood. The questionnaire was shortened to 18 items and has good reliability (total alpha = 0.82; concentration alpha = 0.86; mobility alpha = 0.77; adaptability alpha = 0.71; and mood alpha = 0.78); the validity also proved to be adequate, especially in the general population sample. The PPL provides a tool to assess the impact of chronic pain in adolescents. Future research should focus on further validation of the PPL in a large clinical population and establishing its test-retest reliability.
Weel
Sara
S
Department of Medical Psychology and Psychotherapy, Erasmus MC-University Medical Center Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
Merlijn
Vivian
V
Passchier
Jan
J
Koes
Bart
B
van der Wouden
Johannes
J
van Suijlekom-Smit
Lisette
L
Hunfeld
Joke
J
D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000293:Adolescent; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009426:Netherlands; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires