Vesicular stomatitis virus pseudotyped with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus spike protein.
Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) contains a single spike (S) protein, which binds to its receptor, angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), induces membrane fusion and serves as a neutralizing antigen. A SARS-CoV-S protein-bearing vesicular stomatitis virus (VSV) pseudotype using the VSVDeltaG* system was generated. Partial deletion of the SARS-CoV-S protein cytoplasmic domain allowed efficient incorporation into VSV particles and led to the generation of a pseudotype (VSV-SARS-St19) at high titre. Green fluorescent protein expression was demonstrated as early as 7 h after infection of Vero E6 cells with VSV-SARS-St19. VSV-SARS-St19 was neutralized by anti-SARS-CoV antibody and soluble ACE2, and its infection was blocked by treatment of Vero E6 cells with anti-ACE2 antibody. These results indicated that VSV-SARS-St19 infection is mediated by SARS-CoV-S protein in an ACE2-dependent manner. VSV-SARS-St19 will be useful for analysing the function of SARS-CoV-S protein and for developing rapid methods of detecting neutralizing antibodies specific for SARS-CoV infection.
Fukushi
Shuetsu
S
Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
Mizutani
Tetsuya
T
Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
Saijo
Masayuki
M
Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
Matsuyama
Shutoku
S
Laboratory of Respiratory Viral Diseases and SARS, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
Miyajima
Naoko
N
Laboratory of Respiratory Viral Diseases and SARS, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
Taguchi
Fumihiro
F
Laboratory of Respiratory Viral Diseases and SARS, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
Itamura
Shigeyuki
S
Laboratory of Influenza Virus, Department of Virology III, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
Kurane
Ichiro
I
Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
Morikawa
Shigeru
S
Special Pathogens Laboratory, Department of Virology I, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Gakuen 4-7-1, Musashimurayama, Tokyo 208-0011, Japan.
D000085962:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002268:Carboxypeptidases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; D016865:Reassortant Viruses / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D018353:Rhabdoviridae Infections / Q000821:virology*; D045473:Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; D014709:Vero Cells; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014779:Virus Replication
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D064370:Spike Glycoprotein, Coronavirus; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C578557:spike glycoprotein, SARS-CoV; C578553:spike protein, mouse hepatitis virus; D002268:Carboxypeptidases; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; C000705307:ACE2 protein, human; D000085962:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme 2