title: The effect of ulnar shortening on lunate and triquetrum motion--a cadaveric study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ulnar shortening osteotomy is a widely used procedure for a number of pathologic conditions. However, there is little biomechanical data on its effect on the surrounding soft tissue structures. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine the effects of progressive ulnar shortening on the distal radioulnar joint and the proximal carpal bones.
  
  
  METHODS
  The kinematics and strain between the ulnar styloid, lunate, and triquetrum were evaluated with varying supination and pronation forces. Six fresh-frozen cadaveric upper extremity specimens were tested after progressive ulnar shortening using a custom jig. Biomechanical measurements including strain and translation were made by evaluating the change in position of the digitizing markers on the carpal bones, radius and ulna.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant changes in marker positions with respect to intact specimens for each amount of shortening at the ulnar styloid (P<0.001), the lunate (P<0.001), and triquetrum (P<0.001). With progressive ulnar shortening, the strain data demonstrated that there was no significant change in lunato-triquetral strain, but demonstrated a significant increase in both ulno-triquetral and ulno-lunato strain (P<0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Progressive ulnar shortening increases ulno-triquetral and ulno-lunato strains with an ensuing reduction in motion between the carpal bones.
authors: Orthopaedic Biomechanics Laboratory, VA Healthcare System (09/151), 5901 East 7th St., Long Beach, CA 90822, USA.
authors: Ranjan
authors: R
authors: Gupta
authors: Erin
authors: E
authors: Bingenheimer
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Fornalski
authors: Michelle H
authors: MH
authors: McGarry
authors: A Lee
authors: AL
authors: Osterman
authors: Thay Q
authors: TQ
authors: Lee
mesh_terms: D002102:Cadaver; D019299:Decompression, Surgical / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D012667:Lunate Bone / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009068:Movement; D010027:Osteotomy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014457:Ulna / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*