Effect of nicotine replacement therapy on post-cessation weight gain and nutrient intake: a randomized controlled trial of postmenopausal female smokers.
This study of 94 postmenopausal female smokers evaluated the effect of nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) and hormone therapy (HT) on change in weight, energy intake, and physical activity during 2 weeks of smoking abstinence. Women, stratified by current use of HT, were randomized to nicotine or placebo patch. After 2 weeks of abstinence, women on nicotine patch had significantly larger increases in total caloric and fat intake than women on placebo patch and a trend toward larger increases in carbohydrates (total and sweet). Conversely, the nicotine group had less weight gain, 0.47 kg, than the placebo group, 1.02 kg (F=10.31, p=0.002). No effects were observed for hormone therapy. It appears that in short-term smoking abstinence, postmenopausal women on NRT gain less weight than do women on placebo, in spite of consuming more calories. This may be beneficial in the critical first 1-2 weeks of tobacco cessation, especially in light of postmenopausal weight gain.
Allen
Sharon S
SS
Department of Family Medicine and Community Health, University of Minnesota, A682Mayo Memorial Building, 420 Delaware St. S.E., MMC #381, Minneapolis, MN 55455, United States. allen001@umn.edu
Hatsukami
Dorothy
D
Brintnell
Dawn M
DM
Bade
Tracy
T
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002149:Energy Intake / Q000187:drug effects; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D009538:Nicotine / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000502:physiology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects*
D004040:Dietary Carbohydrates; D009538:Nicotine