Microalbuminuria and abnormal ambulatory blood pressure in adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
OBJECTIVE
To determine whether risk factors for cardiovascular disease and diabetic nephropathy, as evidenced by abnormalities of ambulatory blood pressure (ABP), dyslipidemia, and microalbuminuria (MA), are present in adolescents with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM).


METHODS
We enrolled 26 minority adolescents recently diagnosed with T2DM and 13 obese control subjects without diabetes mellitus. ABP monitoring was performed, and a 24-hour urine, a fasting lipid profile, blood urea nitrogen, creatinine, homocysteine, and hemoglobin A 1 c levels were obtained. The patients with T2DM underwent echocardiograms.


RESULTS
Forty percent of the patients with T2DM had MA (> or = 30 mg of microalbumin/day), compared with none of the control subjects ( P < .05). There were no significant differences between patients with T2DM who had MA and patients with T2DM who didn't have MA in demographics, characteristics, casual BP, echocardiographic findings, and hemoglobin A 1 c levels. Average daytime systolic BP was greater in patients with T2DM with MA than patients without MA (129 versus 121 mm Hg, P = .03) and compared with the control subjects (113 mm Hg, P = .01). Patients with MA had an average daytime systolic BP load that was higher than patients without MA (37.1 versus 5.1%, P = .008) and compared with the control subjects (2.6%, P < .001).


CONCLUSIONS
As in adults, adolescents with T2DM exhibit abnormalities of ABP, dyslipidemia, and microalbuminuria.
Ettinger
Leigh M
LM
Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Children's Hospital at Montefiore, Bronx, New York 10467, USA.
Freeman
Katherine
K
DiMartino-Nardi
Joan R
JR
Flynn
Joseph T
JT
D000293:Adolescent; D001741:Black or African American; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000208:ethnology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000208:ethnology*; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000208:ethnology*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000208:ethnology*; D008297:Male; D009519:New York City / Q000453:epidemiology; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric