title: Noninvasive imaging of angiogenesis inhibition following nitric oxide synthase blockade in the ischemic rat heart in vivo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Nitric oxide synthase inhibition has anti-angiogenic properties. Magnetic resonance (MR) imaging was used to image the functional significance of these microvascular changes in a rat model of chronic ischemic myocardium in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors quantitatively determined myocardial perfusion and regional blood volume, left ventricular geometry, and function using MR imaging. Animals received either L-NAME + hydralazine or no treatment and were investigated 1 and 2 weeks after induction of coronary artery stenosis or sham operation at rest and during vasodilatation. Double-labeling immunohistochemistry was used to visualize angiogenesis and to compare with data obtained by MR imaging.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Left ventricular mass and end-diastolic volumes were comparable in both groups 2 weeks after treatment. However, basal and maximum perfusion in animals with L-NAME + hydralazine treatment were reduced compared to animals not treated (p < .05). Basal regional blood volume remained constant in all groups, whereas maximum regional blood volume was reduced by L-NAME + hydralazine (p < .05). Endothelial cell proliferation, a direct marker for angiogenesis, was reduced by L-NAME + hydralazine (p < .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MR imaging allows noninvasive quantification of functional microcirculation and angiogenesis in the rat heart in vivo. Nitric oxide synthase blockade results in changes in functional microcirculation and in an inhibition of angiogenesis in both ischemic and nonischemic myocardial tissue.
authors: Medizinische Universitätsklinik, Würzburg, Germany. waller_c@medizin.uni-wuerzburg.de
authors: Christiane
authors: C
authors: Waller
authors: Karl-Heinz
authors: KH
authors: Hiller
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Rüdiger
authors: Günter
authors: G
authors: Kraus
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Konietzko
authors: Nelly
authors: N
authors: Hardt
authors: Georg
authors: G
authors: Ertl
authors: Wolfgang Rudolf
authors: WR
authors: Bauer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular; D005260:Female; D006334:Heart Function Tests; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester