title: Correlation of expression of nuclear proteins pKi67 and p63 with lectin histochemical features in head and neck squamous cell cancer.
abstract: This study represents a combined lectin and immuno-histochemical analysis of normal, dysplastic and malignant squamous epithelia of the upper aerodigestive tract with emphasis on the relation between lectin reactivity and the cells' proliferative/anti-apoptotic potential. Staining by double-labeling to detect pKi67, DeltaNp63alpha, alpha2,3/6-linked sialic acid (NeuNAc) and galectin-3-reactive epitopes was performed on specimens of 8 normal cases, 27 primary tumours and 15 regional lymph node metastases. Normal epithelia expressed alpha2,6-linked NeuNAc in the basal layer, while alpha2,3-linked NeuNAc was observed in suprabasal layers. In normal epithelium pKi67 and DeltaNp63alpha positivity was seen in the basal layer and galectin-3-reactive sites in suprabasal layers. The studied squamous cell carcinomas and their metastases showed a tendency for stratification but with markedly altered architecture. The expression of the studied markers was heterogeneous between the different cancer cases but comparable between the corresponding primary and secondary lesions. Glycophenotypic properties were correlated with the level of differentiation. Tumour cell populations were characterized by occurrence of the p63+/pKi67+ alpha2,3-NeuNAc+ alpha2,6-NeuNAc+ phenotype. Analysis of the expression patterns of pKi67, p63 and galectin-3-reactive epitopes (Gal-3-RE) delineated statistically significant interrelationships (Gal-3-RE vs. p63: r = -0.709; Gal-3-RE vs. pKi67: r = -0.623; pKi67 vs. p63: r = 0.895). Of the studied markers only Gal-3-RE expression was correlated to the differentiation-dependent grading (G1 vs. G2: p = 0.007, G2 vs. G3: p = 0.006, G1 vs. G3: p = 0.002). DeltaNp63alpha expression was statistically different only between G1 and G3 (p = 0.03). No statistically significant differences were detected between the primary tumours and the corresponding regional lymph node metastases. Based on the concept of the sugar code further analysis of cell characteristics such as proliferation together with lectin histochemical features, especially using tissue lectins as probes, is thus warranted.
authors: 1st Faculty of Medicine, Institute of Anatomy, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Chovanec
authors: Karel
authors: K
authors: Smetana
authors: Jan
authors: J
authors: Betka
authors: Jan
authors: J
authors: Plzák
authors: Jirí
authors: J
authors: Brabec
authors: Violeta
authors: V
authors: Moya-Alvarez
authors: Sabine
authors: S
authors: André
authors: Roman
authors: R
authors: Kodet
authors: Hans-Joachim
authors: HJ
authors: Gabius
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D004848:Epithelium / Q000378:metabolism; D037502:Galectin 3 / Q000737:chemistry; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006651:Histocytochemistry / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D037121:Plant Lectins / Q000737:chemistry; D013223:Statistics as Topic
chemical_list: C081876:CKAP4 protein, human; D037502:Galectin 3; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D037121:Plant Lectins; D019158:N-Acetylneuraminic Acid