Apolipoprotein A1 genotype affects the change in high density lipoprotein cholesterol subfractions with exercise training.
High density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) is a primary risk factor for cardiovascular disease. Apolipoprotein A-1 (apoA1) is the major HDL-associated apolipoprotein. The -75G/A single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) in the apolipoprotein A1 gene (APOA1) promoter has been reported to be associated with HDL-C concentrations as well as HDL-C response to dietary changes in polyunsaturated fat intake. We examined the effect of this APOA1 SNP on exercise-induced changes in HDL subfraction distribution. From a cohort of healthy normolipidemic adults who volunteered for 6 months of supervised aerobic exercise, 75 subjects were genotyped for the -75G/A SNP. Of these, 53 subjects were G homozygotes (G/G) and 22 were A carriers (A/G and A/A). HDL subfractions were measured by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy by adding categories HDL-C 1+2 for the small subfraction, and HDL-C 3+4+5 for the large. The change in total HDL-C after exercise was 0.8+/-7.2 mg/dL (+1.7%), and was not statistically significant. HDL subfraction amounts also did not significantly change with exercise training in the total cohort or in G homozygotes or A carriers. The amount of the large HDL subfraction increased in the G homozygotes and decreased in the A carriers (mean+/-S.E.M., 1.8+/-6.6 mg/dL versus -6.1+/-2.3 mg/dL, p<0.0005). In contrast, the amount of the small HDL subfraction decreased in G homozygotes and increased in A carriers (-1.3+/-6.6 mg/dL versus 4.7+/-1.2 mg/dL, p<0.005). These results show that genetic variation at the APOA1 gene promoter is associated with HDL subfraction redistribution resulting from exercise training.
Ruaño
Gualberto
G
Genomas, Inc., 67 Jefferson Street, Hartford, CT 06106, USA. g.ruano@genomas.net
Seip
Richard L
RL
Windemuth
Andreas
A
Zöllner
Stefan
S
Tsongalis
Gregory J
GJ
Ordovas
Jose
J
Otvos
James
J
Bilbie
Cherie
C
Miles
Mary
M
Zoeller
Robert
R
Visich
Paul
P
Gordon
Paul
P
Angelopoulos
Theodore J
TJ
Pescatello
Linda
L
Moyna
Niall
N
Thompson
Paul D
PD
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000235:genetics*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood*; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012016:Reference Values
D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; D015415:Biomarkers; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D004247:DNA