Parthenolide is the component of tanacetum parthenium that inhibits nitroglycerin-induced Fos activation: studies in an animal model of migraine.
Tanacetum parthenium (TP) is a member of the Asteracee family long used empirically as a herbal remedy for migraine. So far, however, clinical trials have failed to prove consistently the effectiveness of TP extracts in preventing migraine attacks, probably as a consequence of the uncertainty as regards the active principle. In this study, the biological effects of different TP extracts and purified parthenolide were tested in an animal model of migraine based on the quantification of neuronal activation induced by nitroglycerin. The extract enriched in parthenolide significantly reduced nitroglycerin-induced Fos expression in the nucleus trigeminalis caudalis. Purified parthenolide inhibited nitroglycerin-induced neuronal activation in additional brain nuclei and, significantly, the activity of nuclear factor-kappaB. These findings strongly suggest that parthenolide is the component responsible for the biological activity of TP as regards its antimigraine effect and provide important information for future controlled clinical trials.
Tassorelli
C
C
Laboratory of Pathophysiology of Integrative Autonomic Systems, IRCCS Neurological Institute C. Mondino Foundation and University Centre for the Study of Adaptive Disorder and Headache, Pavia, Italy. cristina.tassorelli@mondino.it
Greco
R
R
Morazzoni
P
P
Riva
A
A
Sandrini
G
G
Nappi
G
G
D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects; D005996:Nitroglycerin / Q000494:pharmacology; D016761:Oncogene Proteins v-fos / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012717:Sesquiterpenes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020903:Tanacetum parthenium / Q000737:chemistry*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016328:NF-kappa B; D016761:Oncogene Proteins v-fos; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012717:Sesquiterpenes; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; C002669:parthenolide; D005996:Nitroglycerin