Effect of a barley breakfast cereal on blood glucose and insulin response in normal and diabetic patients.
Prowashonupana (Prowash) is a shrunken-endosperm, short awn, waxy starch, hulless barley with low starch, high fiber, high protein, and a relatively high concentration of free sugars. The study was designed to compare equivalent breakfast meals (w/w) of Prowash and oatmeal for glycemic response in diabetic and non-diabetic subjects. A commercial liquid meal replacer (LMR) was included as a reference standard. A substantial reduction of the post-prandial glycemic peak following ingestion of Prowash was observed as compared to LMR or oatmeal. In the non-diabetic subjects, the maximal rise in glucose from baseline was 26.3 +/- 3.9 mg/dL after LMR, 41.3 +/- 3.9 mg/dL after oatmeal and 6.4 +/- 2.7 mg/dL after Prowash (p < 0.01). The maximal increase in glucose in the diabetic patients was 69.9 +/- 4.5 mg/dL after LMR, 80.8 +/- 8.8 mg/dL after oatmeal and 28.4 +/- 3.5 mg/dL after Prowash (p < 0.01). The maximal increase in insulin post-LMR was 33.9 +/- 3.6 mIU/ml in the diabetic patients and 54.0 +/- 9.8 mIU/ml in the non-diabetic controls. Oatmeal elicited a maximal insulin increase of 29.9 +/- 4.2 mIU/ml in the control subjects and 21.4 +/- 2.5 mIU/ml in the diabetic patients. In contrast, the maximal insulin increase after Prowash was 8.6 +/- 1.5 mIU/ml in the non-diabetic controls and 6.8 +/- 1.2 mIU/ml in the diabetic patients (p < 0.01).
Rendell
M
M
Creighton Diabetes Center, Creighton University School of Medicine, Omaha, NE 68134, USA.
Vanderhoof
J
J
Venn
M
M
Shehan
M A
MA
Arndt
E
E
Rao
C S
CS
Gill
G
G
Newman
R K
RK
Newman
C W
CW
D018554:Avena; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000178:diet therapy*; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D002523:Edible Grain; D005260:Female; D038321:Glycemic Index; D001467:Hordeum / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019518:Postprandial Period; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D001786:Blood Glucose; D004043:Dietary Fiber; D007328:Insulin