title: A brief exposure to isoflurane (50 s) significantly impacts on plasma cytokine levels in endotoxemic rats.
abstract: Induction of anesthesia by inhalation of isoflurane is a frequently used procedure in models of immunological diseases. Here we investigated effects of a brief exposure to isoflurane on cytokine production by endotoxemic rats. Anesthesia was either performed by pentobarbital/fentanyl without or accompanied by a 50-s inhalation pretreatment with isoflurane. After 4 h of endotoxemia, plasma levels of TNFalpha, IL-1beta, and RANTES were determined. Isoflurane significantly inhibited plasma levels of TNFalpha and IL-1beta by 69.3% and 61.8%, respectively. Levels of RANTES were similarly reduced by 43.1% (n.s.). Moreover, isoflurane significantly attenuated basal nitrite production by alveolar macrophages isolated from endotoxemic rats (by 59.4%). Thus, we confirm anti-inflammatory properties of isoflurane and beyond that clearly demonstrate that even a short exposure (<1 min) can profoundly affect pro-inflammatory parameters in experimental endotoxemia. These unforeseen observations suggest that short-term inhalation of isoflurane for induction of anesthesia may be an unsuitable procedure particularly in animal models of acute inflammation.
authors: Klinik für Anästhesiologie, Intensivmedizin und Schmerztherapie, Klinikum der Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors: Christian
authors: C
authors: Hofstetter
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Flondor
authors: Kim A
authors: KA
authors: Boost
authors: Patricia
authors: P
authors: Koehler
authors: Markus
authors: M
authors: Bosmann
authors: Josef
authors: J
authors: Pfeilschifter
authors: Bernhard
authors: B
authors: Zwissler
authors: Heiko
authors: H
authors: Mühl
mesh_terms: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000097:blood; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004926:Escherichia coli; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000097:blood; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D007530:Isoflurane