title: Pyridine nucleotides and calcium signalling in arterial smooth muscle: from cell physiology to pharmacology.
abstract: It is generally accepted that the mobilisation of intracellular Ca2+ stores plays a pivotal role in the regulation of arterial smooth muscle function, paradoxically during both contraction and relaxation. However, the spatiotemporal pattern of different Ca2+ signals that elicit such responses may also contribute to the regulation of, for example, differential gene expression. These findings, among others, demonstrate the importance of discrete spatiotemporal Ca2+ signalling patterns and the mechanisms that underpin them. Of fundamental importance in this respect is the realisation that different Ca2+ storing organelles may be selected by the discrete or coordinated actions of multiple Ca2+ mobilising messengers. When considering such messengers, it is generally accepted that sarcoplasmic reticulum (SR) stores may be mobilised by the ubiquitous messenger inositol 1,4,5 trisphosphate. However, relatively little attention has been paid to the role of Ca2+ mobilising pyridine nucleotides in arterial smooth muscle, namely, cyclic adenosine diphosphate-ribose (cADPR) and nicotinic acid adenine dinucleotide phosphate (NAADP). This review will therefore focus on these novel mechanisms of calcium signalling and their likely therapeutic potential.
authors: Division of Biomedical Sciences, School of Biology, Bute Building, University of St. Andrews, St. Andrews, Fife KY16 9TS, UK. ame3@st-and.ac.uk
authors: A Mark
authors: AM
authors: Evans
authors: Christopher N
authors: CN
authors: Wyatt
authors: Nicholas P
authors: NP
authors: Kinnear
authors: Jill H
authors: JH
authors: Clark
authors: Elisa A
authors: EA
authors: Blanco
mesh_terms: D020013:Calcium Signaling; D036563:Cyclic ADP-Ribose / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular; D009249:NADP / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel / Q000502:physiology; D012519:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum / Q000502:physiology; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000502:physiology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D019837:Ryanodine Receptor Calcium Release Channel; D036563:Cyclic ADP-Ribose; D009249:NADP; C024376:NAADP