title: Measuring progress in the management of ambient air quality: the case for population health.
abstract: Although progress has been made in the last few decades at reducing ambient concentrations of air pollutants, scientific evidence suggests that there remains a risk to human health from exposure to these pollutants at current levels in Canada. Much of the motivation for air pollution reduction efforts is to protect population health. This article presents a method of monitoring changes in air pollution-related health outcomes over time in conjunction with temporal changes in ambient pollution concentrations. The progress measure is a function of temporal changes in location-specific ambient concentrations and the potentially time-dependent association between those concentrations and daily deaths. The progress measure can be determined for a single location or at a national level. The measure can also be extended to include several pollutants. The progress measure is illustrated with an example of how changes in nitrogen dioxide levels in 12 Canadian cities from 1981 to 1999 have translated into changes in the percent of nonaccidental mortality burden attributable to this pollutant over time.
authors: Science Coordination and Services Division, Office of Policy and Program Services, Healthy Environments and Consumer Safety Branch, Health Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada. rick_burnett@hc-sc.gc.ca
authors: Richard T
authors: RT
authors: Burnett
authors: Sheryl
authors: S
authors: Bartlett
authors: Barry
authors: B
authors: Jessiman
authors: Philip
authors: P
authors: Blagden
authors: Paul R
authors: PR
authors: Samson
authors: Sabit
authors: S
authors: Cakmak
authors: Dave
authors: D
authors: Stieb
authors: Mark
authors: M
authors: Raizenne
authors: Jeffrey R
authors: JR
authors: Brook
authors: Tom
authors: T
authors: Dann
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000592:standards; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002170:Canada; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000592:standards; D011634:Public Health; D018570:Risk Assessment
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants