title: A randomized multicentre trial of insulin glargine compared with NPH insulin in people with type 1 diabetes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To compare insulin glargine with NPH human insulin for basal insulin supply in adults with type 1 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  People with type 1 diabetes (n = 585), aged 17-77 years, were randomized to insulin glargine once daily at bedtime or NPH insulin either once- (at bedtime) or twice-daily (in the morning and at bedtime) according to their prior treatment regimen and followed for 28 weeks in an open-label, multicentre study. Both groups continued with pre-meal unmodified human insulin.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference between the two insulins in change in glycated haemoglobin from baseline to endpoint (insulin glargine 0.21 +/- 0.05% (mean +/- standard error), NPH insulin 0.10 +/- 0.05%). At endpoint, self-monitored fasting blood glucose (FBG) had decreased similarly in each group (insulin glargine -1.17 +/- 0.12 mmol/L, NPH insulin -0.89 +/- 0.12 mmol/L; p = 0.07). However, people on >1 basal insulin injection per day prior to the study had a clinically relevant decrease in FBG on insulin glargine versus NPH insulin (insulin glargine -1.38 +/- 0.15 mmol/L, NPH insulin -0.72 +/- 0.15 mmol/L; p < 0.01). No significant differences in the number of people reporting >or=1 hypoglycaemic episode were found between the two groups, including severe and nocturnal hypoglycaemia. Insulin glargine was well tolerated, with a similar rate of local injection and systemic adverse events versus NPH insulin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A single, bedtime, subcutaneous dose of insulin glargine provided a level of glycaemic control at least as effective as NPH insulin, without an increased risk of hypoglycaemia.
authors: Newcastle Diabetes Centre and University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. philip.home@newcastle.ac.uk
authors: P D
authors: PD
authors: Home
authors: R
authors: R
authors: Rosskamp
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Forjanic-Klapproth
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Dressler
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000209:etiology; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007330:Insulin Antibodies / Q000032:analysis; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D007336:Insulin, Isophane / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007328:Insulin; D007330:Insulin Antibodies; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D007336:Insulin, Isophane; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting