title: Real-time paramedic compared with blinded physician identification of ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction: results of an observational study.
abstract: The aim of the study were to determine if paramedics can accurately identify ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) on prehospital 12-lead (PHTL) electrocardiogram and to compare paramedic with blinded physician identification of STEMI. Paramedics identified definite STEMI, or possible acute myocardial infarction but not definite, and nondiagnostic. Two blinded readers (cardiologist and emergency physician) independently categorized each PHTL. A third reviewer assigned final diagnoses and determined whether the PHTL met STEMI criteria. One hundred sixty-six PHTL were acquired over an 8-month period. Fifteen were excluded from analysis. Sixty-two percent of the patients (94/151) were male, mean age was 61.1 years (+/-14.8 SD, range 20-92 years), and 81% had chest pain. Twenty-five patients (16.6%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 11%-23.5%) had confirmed STEMI and 16 (10.6%) had confirmed non-STEMI acute myocardial infarction. Paramedic sensitivity was 0.80 (95% CI, 0.64-0.96); specificity was 0.97 (95% CI, 0.94-1.00) with positive likelihood ratio of 25.2 and negative likelihood ratio of 0.21. Overall accuracy was similar for paramedic and physician reviewers (0.94, 0.93, 0.95). Highly trained paramedics in an urban emergency medical services system can identify patients with STEMI as accurately as blinded physician reviewers.
authors: Department of Emergency Medicine, Boston Medical Center, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA 02118, USA. jfeldma@bu.edu
authors: James A
authors: JA
authors: Feldman
authors: Kathryn
authors: K
authors: Brinsfield
authors: Sheilah
authors: S
authors: Bernard
authors: Daniel
authors: D
authors: White
authors: Thomas
authors: T
authors: Maciejko
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000488:Allied Health Personnel / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002637:Chest Pain / Q000209:etiology; D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003951:Diagnostic Errors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004635:Emergency Medicine / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008404:Massachusetts; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity