title: Pectin gel vehicles for controlled fragrance delivery.
abstract: Using citronellal as a model compound, pectin gels formulations were evaluated for the controlled fragrance release by kinetic and static methods. The pectins with higher degrees of esterification induced a stronger molecular association with the nonpolar fragrance. This resulted in a prolonged duration of fragrance release and the limitation of fragrance adsorption to the receptor skin layers. The increase in pectin concentrations suppressed the fragrance release by a diffusion mechanism. Blocking the carboxyl groups of pectin with calcium ions reduces the hydrophilicity of pectin and provides physical barriers for citronellal diffusion. The pectin/calcium microparticles are promising materials for controlled fragrance release.
authors: Crop Conversion Science and Engineering Unit, Eastern Regional Research Center, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Wyndmoor, Pennsylvania 19038, USA. lsliu@errc.ars.usda.gov
authors: LinShu
authors: L
authors: Liu
authors: Guoying
authors: G
authors: Chen
authors: Marshall L
authors: ML
authors: Fishman
authors: Kevin B
authors: KB
authors: Hicks
mesh_terms: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000327:Adsorption; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004058:Diffusion; D004951:Esterification; D005782:Gels; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D010368:Pectins / Q000737:chemistry*; D010476:Perfume / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods; D014783:Viscosity; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D000080462:Acyclic Monoterpenes; D000447:Aldehydes; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D005782:Gels; D039821:Monoterpenes; D010476:Perfume; D014677:Pharmaceutical Vehicles; D010368:Pectins; C108217:citronellal