title: Potential clinical impact of taking multiple blood samples for research studies in paediatric oncology: how much do we really know?
abstract: Pharmacological studies of anti-cancer agents in children are essential to determine their clinical safety and efficacy, both of which can differ considerably from that observed in adults. However, the potential clinical impact of taking blood samples, in addition to those required for standard clinical practice is commonly a concern for both medical and allied staff and parents. Frequently quoted 'safe limits' of 3%-5% of total blood volume taken on any one study day are not based on published data and may not be acceptable for all patients. This article reviews some of the reasons why clinical pharmacology data for anti-cancer drugs is often lacking in a paediatric patient population, summarises data from a retrospective study investigating the potential impact of repeated blood sampling for research purposes and discusses how this issue may be more systematically addressed in future studies. Research involving children with cancer should be limited to those studies addressing key scientific questions and should be designed to limit both the number and volume of blood samples required.
authors: Northern Institute for Cancer Research, University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Cole
authors: Alan V
authors: AV
authors: Boddy
authors: Pamela
authors: P
authors: Kearns
authors: Kok H
authors: KH
authors: Teh
authors: Lisa
authors: L
authors: Price
authors: Annie
authors: A
authors: Parry
authors: Andrew D J
authors: AD
authors: Pearson
authors: Gareth J
authors: GJ
authors: Veal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000941:ethics; D001810:Blood Volume; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000941:ethics / Q000379:methods; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012107:Research Design; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017751:Safety Management; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins