title: Detection of autoantibodies to survivin and livin in sera from patients with breast cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Survivin and livin are highly expressed in cancer cells and transformed cells, but show little or no expression in normal differentiated tissues. Human antibody responses to tumor-associated antigens have been detected, but little is known about the response to survivin and livin in breast cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the prevalence of anti-survivin and livin antibodies in breast cancer patients with a specific enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) using recombinant protein.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Using a cutoff value for positivity determined as the mean absorbance +2SD for healthy control samples, sera from 11 of 46 breast cancer patients (23.9%) were positive by the ELISA using recombinant survivin protein. Of 46 samples from the same breast cancer patients, 15 (32.6%) were positive for anti-livin antibodies. In addition, 24 (52.2%) were positive for 1 or both ELISAs using the respective proteins. Intensity of anti-livin antibody responses did not correlate with intensity of anti-survivin responses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Anti-livin antibodies were detected in sera from breast cancer patients by an anti-livin ELISA using full-length recombinant livin protein. Like survivin, livin may act as a major cancer antigen in breast cancer patients.
authors: Department of Clinical Laboratory Medicine, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Chuo-ku, Japan. yagihasi@sapmed.ac.jp
authors: Atsuhito
authors: A
authors: Yagihashi
authors: Tohsei
authors: T
authors: Ohmura
authors: Koichi
authors: K
authors: Asanuma
authors: Daisuke
authors: D
authors: Kobayashi
authors: Naoki
authors: N
authors: Tsuji
authors: Toshihiko
authors: T
authors: Torigoe
authors: Noriyuki
authors: N
authors: Sato
authors: Koichi
authors: K
authors: Hirata
authors: Naoki
authors: N
authors: Watanabe
mesh_terms: D000042:Absorption; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology*; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000276:immunology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology*; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology*; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology*; D000077022:Survivin
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D001323:Autoantibodies; C107489:BIRC5 protein, human; C419866:BIRC7 protein, human; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D051034:Inhibitor of Apoptosis Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D000077022:Survivin