title: Fear-related activity in subgenual anterior cingulate differs between men and women.
abstract: Functional magnetic resonance imaging in association with an instructed fear/anticipatory anxiety paradigm was used to explore sex differences in the human fear response. During anticipation of mild electrodermal stimulation, women, as compared with men, demonstrated increased activity in the subgenual anterior cingulate cortex and functionally related regions of the insula and brainstem. The subgenual anterior cingulate cortex is a region critical for emotional control implicated in the pathogenesis of psychiatric disease. Present findings suggest a contributory neural substrate for the greater susceptibility of women to anxiety and affective disorders, and emphasize the importance of considering participant sex when designing and interpreting functional neuroimaging studies.
authors: Functional Neuroimaging Laboratory, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, New York, USA. tab2006@med.cornell.edu
authors: Tracy
authors: T
authors: Butler
authors: Hong
authors: H
authors: Pan
authors: Jane
authors: J
authors: Epstein
authors: Xenia
authors: X
authors: Protopopescu
authors: Oliver
authors: O
authors: Tuescher
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Goldstein
authors: Marylene
authors: M
authors: Cloitre
authors: Yihong
authors: Y
authors: Yang
authors: Elizabeth
authors: E
authors: Phelps
authors: Jack
authors: J
authors: Gorman
authors: Joseph
authors: J
authors: Ledoux
authors: Emily
authors: E
authors: Stern
authors: David
authors: D
authors: Silbersweig
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects; D005239:Fear / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006179:Gyrus Cinguli / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000098:blood supply / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D010545:Peroxides / Q000097:blood; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012867:Skin / Q000294:innervation / Q000528:radiation effects; D014508:Urea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D010545:Peroxides; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D014508:Urea