title: Campylobacter fetus fetus abortions in vaccinated ewes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the cause of an outbreak of ovine abortion in 1996 in a flock of 300 two-tooth (rising 2-year-old) ewes vaccinated against Campylobacter fetus fetus infection and to subsequently characterise the strain of C. fetus fetus isolated from aborted foetuses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Standard bacteriological methods were used to identify C. fetus fetus isolates which were then antigenically typed and subjected to pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and compared to the vaccine strain.
  
  
  RESULTS
  C. fetus fetus was identified as the causal agent of the abortions despite the ewes having been vaccinated before ram introduction and at the time of ram removal. Four isolates cultured from aborted material were indistinguishable when compared using antigenic typing and PFGE, but all differed from the vaccine strain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Within the limitations of the available typing systems, it is proposed that PFGE may be a useful tool to establish the distribution and strain variation of C. fetus fetus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This field case indicates the need for further study of non-vaccine C. fetus fetus strains which cause abortion in vaccinated ewes, and of the importance of these strains to the New Zealand sheep industry.
authors: Institute of Veterinary Animal and Biomedical Sciences, Massey University, Private Bag 11222, Palmerston North, New Zealand.
authors: S G
authors: SG
authors: Fenwick
authors: D M
authors: DM
authors: West
authors: J E
authors: JE
authors: Hunter
authors: N D
authors: ND
authors: Sargison
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Ahmed
authors: J S
authors: JS
authors: Lumsden
authors: M G
authors: MG
authors: Collett