title: Decreased repopulation as well as increased reoxygenation contribute to the improvement in local control after targeting of the EGFR by C225 during fractionated irradiation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Inhibition of repopulation and enhanced reoxygenation has been suggested to contribute to improvement of local tumour control after fractionated irradiation combined with inhibitors of the epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR). The present study addresses this hypothesis in FaDu human squamous cell carcinoma. For this tumour model marked repopulation and incomplete reoxygenation during fractionated irradiation has previously been demonstrated. Furthermore, the anti-EGFR monoclonal antibody C225 has been shown to significantly improve the results of fractionated irradiation in this tumour.
  
  
  METHODS
  FaDu tumours in nude mice were irradiated with 18 fractions in 18 days (18f/18d) or 18 fractions in 36 days (18f/36d). Three Gy fractions were given either under ambient or under clamp hypoxic conditions. C225 or carrier was applied four times during the course of treatment. Fractionated irradiations were followed by graded top-up doses to obtain complete dose-response curves for local tumour control. Tumour control dose 50% (TCD50) was determined at day 120 after end of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant repopulation and reoxygenation occurred during fractionated irradiation of FaDu tumours (P-values between 0.028 and <0.001). Application of C225 significantly decreased TCD50 for 18f/36d under ambient conditions (P=0.04). Bootstrap analysis revealed decreased repopulation and increased reoxygenation after application of C225 (P=0.06 for the combined effect). This was further corroborated by a significant effect of C225 on the 'repopulated' dose under ambient conditions which is influenced by both, reoxygenation and repopulation (P=0.012).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study provides evidence that both decreased repopulation as well as increased reoxygenation contribute to the improvement of local control after targeting of EGFR by C225 during fractionated irradiation of FaDu tumours.
authors: Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical Faculty Carl Gustav Carus, University of Technology Dresden, Germany.
authors: Mechthild
authors: M
authors: Krause
authors: Gernot
authors: G
authors: Ostermann
authors: Cordula
authors: C
authors: Petersen
authors: Ala
authors: A
authors: Yaromina
authors: Franziska
authors: F
authors: Hessel
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Harstrick
authors: Albert J
authors: AJ
authors: van der Kogel
authors: Howard D
authors: HD
authors: Thames
authors: Michael
authors: M
authors: Baumann
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000528:radiation effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D000068818:Cetuximab; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D000068818:Cetuximab