Combination of microwave assisted micellar extraction and liquid chromatography for the determination of organophosphorous pesticides in soil samples.
A new methodology based on the microwave assisted micellar extraction (MAME) technique has been optimised, using soil samples, to extract and determine a mixture of the eight organophosphorous pesticides mainly used in agriculture. The pesticides under study have been extracted using the non-ionic surfactants polyoxyethylene 10 lauryl ether (POLE) and oligoethylene glycol monoalkyl ether (Genapol X-080). The optimal extraction variables, such as surfactant concentration, pH, radiation time and microwave power were determined for each surfactant. The results show the advantage of using POLE instead of Genapol X-080 for the extraction of the organophosphorus pesticides with recoveries higher than 70% for most of the compounds and relative standard deviations (RSD) below 2.6%. This method was successfully applied to fresh samples as well as to aged samples for the analysis of soils with different characteristics and compared with the traditional Soxhlet technique.
Padrín-Sanz
C
C
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Marine Sciences, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, 35017 Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain.
Halko
R
R
Sosa-Ferreraa
Z
Z
Santana-Rodríguez
J J
JJ
D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008823:Micelles; D008872:Microwaves; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D010278:Parathion / Q000032:analysis; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D000077423:Polidocanol; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000032:analysis*
D008823:Micelles; D009946:Organothiophosphorus Compounds; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D000077423:Polidocanol; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D010278:Parathion; C116996:genapol X 080