title: Matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation mass spectrometry for the direct analysis of enzymatically digested kappa- iota- and hybrid iota/nu-carrageenans.
abstract: Enzymatically digested oligosaccharides of kappa-, iota- and hybrid iota/nu-carrageenans were analysed using matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionisation time-of-flight mass spectrometry in the negative-ion mode. nor-Harmane was used as matrix. Depending on the stock concentration and the laser intensity applied, the oligosaccharides exhibited losses of sulphate units (neutralised by the Na+ ion, and thus non-stable), leaving the primary backbone structure in most cases with only the deprotonated sulphate groups (carrying the negative charge, stable). This meant that kappa- and iota-oligosaccharides could not be easily distinguished from one another since they share the same primary backbone structure. However, for the hybrid iota/nu-oligosaccharides the primary backbone structure could be identified since the nu-carrageenan repeating unit differs from that of the kappa/iota-carrageenan unit. For all types of oligosaccharides, the results indicated cleavage of an anhydrogalactose unit from the non-reducing end. Specifically, for the hybrid oligosaccharides of iota/nu-carrageenans, this type of fragmentation means that the nu-carrageenan unit is not positioned on the non-reducing end of the hybrid oligosaccharides. Dehydration reactions, and exchange reactions of Na+ with K+ and Ca2+, were also observed.
authors: UMR CNRS 6005, Institut de Chimie Organique et Analytique, Université d'Orléans, BP 6759, 45067 Orléans Cedex 2, France.
authors: Aristotelis
authors: A
authors: Antonopoulos
authors: Julie
authors: J
authors: Hardouin
authors: Patrick
authors: P
authors: Favetta
authors: William
authors: W
authors: Helbert
authors: Agnès F
authors: AF
authors: Delmas
authors: Michel
authors: M
authors: Lafosse
mesh_terms: D002351:Carrageenan / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D009844:Oligosaccharides; D002351:Carrageenan