title: Prevalence of resistance-associated mutations in newly diagnosed HIV-1 patients in Greece.
abstract: The prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in naïve patients has been previously shown to differ greatly with the geographic origin. The purpose of this study was to prospectively estimate the prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance in Greece by analyzing a representative sample of newly HIV-1 diagnosed patients, as part of the SPREAD collaborative study. Protease (PR) and partial reverse transcriptase (RT) sequences were determined from 101 newly diagnosed HIV-1 patients, in Greece, during the period September 2002--August 2003, representing one-third of the total newly diagnosed HIV-1 patients in the same time period. The prevalence of HIV-1 drug resistance was estimated according to the IAS-USA mutation table taking into account all mutations in RT and only major mutations in PR region. The overall prevalence of resistance was 9% [95% confidence interval (CI): 4.2--16.2%]. The prevalence of mutations associated with resistance to NRTIs was 5% (95% CI: 1.6--11.2%), for NNRTIs was 4% (95% CI: 1.1--9.8%), while no major resistance mutations were found in PR. No multi-class resistance was detected in the study population. The prevalence of resistant mutations in the recent seroconverters was 22%. For two individuals, there was clear evidence for transmitted resistance based on epidemiological information for a known source of HIV-1 transmission. The prevalence of the HIV-1 non-B subtypes and recombinants was 52%.
authors: Department of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Athens University Medical School, Mikras Asias 75, GR-11527 Athens, Greece. dparask@cc.uoa.gr
authors: D
authors: D
authors: Paraskevis
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Magiorkinis
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Katsoulidou
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Hatzitheodorou
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Antoniadou
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Papadopoulos
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Poulakou
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Paparizos
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Botsi
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Stavrianeas
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Lelekis
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Chini
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Gargalianos
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Magafas
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Lazanas
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Chryssos
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Petrikkos
authors: G
authors: G
authors: Panos
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Kordossis
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Theodoridou
authors: V
authors: V
authors: Sypsa
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Hatzakis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006115:Greece / Q000453:epidemiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000821:virology*; D016333:HIV Protease / Q000235:genetics; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D015995:Prevalence; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase; D016333:HIV Protease