title: Bone morphogenetic protein 2 (BMP-2) induces in vitro invasion and in vivo hormone independent growth of breast carcinoma cells.
abstract: Breast cancer cell lines migrated towards a BMP-2 source depending on BMP-2 concentration. After a short exposure to BMP-2, the cells were able to migrate through matrigel. MCF-7 cells transfected with the BMP-2 gene also showed enhanced migratory properties and high expression of the metastasis-related gene BCSG1. In a xenograft model without estrogen supplementation MCF-7/BMP-2 cells formed tumors. These tumors were characterised by an enhanced vasculature and the formation of chondroid and osseous structures. In conclusion elevated levels of BMP-2 enhance the tumorigenic properties of breast carcinoma cells and drive the cells towards a more aggressive phenotype with estrogen independent growth.
authors: Department of Internal Medicine II, Friedrich Schiller University Jena, D-07740 Jena, Germany. joachim.clement@med.uni-jena.de
authors: Joachim H
authors: JH
authors: Clement
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Raida
authors: Jörg
authors: J
authors: Sänger
authors: Roy
authors: R
authors: Bicknell
authors: Jingwen
authors: J
authors: Liu
authors: Anke
authors: A
authors: Naumann
authors: Annette
authors: A
authors: Geyer
authors: Anja
authors: A
authors: Waldau
authors: Peter
authors: P
authors: Hortschansky
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Schmidt
authors: Klaus
authors: K
authors: Höffken
authors: Stefan
authors: S
authors: Wölft
authors: Adrian L
authors: AL
authors: Harris
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D002630:Chemotactic Factors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008325:Mammary Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013997:Time Factors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; C525718:BMP2 protein, human; C525719:Bmp2 protein, mouse; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D002630:Chemotactic Factors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D013629:Tamoxifen