title: The measurement of enamel and dentine abrasion by tooth whitening products using an in situ model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the enamel and dentine wear of two whitening toothpastes using an in situ model with ex vivo brushing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Human enamel/dentine (approximately 50:50) blocks (approximately 4 x 4mm) were placed in the upper buccal aspects of full or partial dentures of a group of 25 subjects. Subjects brushed the specimens ex vivo with either a calcium carbonate/perlite or silica containing whitening toothpaste under exaggerated conditions as compared to normal for 30 s, twice per day. Specimens were removed after 4, 8 and 12 weeks and the wear to the enamel and dentine was determined. Enamel wear was determined by change in Knoop indent length and dentine wear was determined from the enamel-dentine step height, measured using optical profilometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean wear after 12 weeks was for enamel 0.27 and 0.19 microns, and for dentine 34.3 and 61.1 microns, for the calcium carbonate/perlite and silica toothpastes respectively. There were no significant differences between products after 12 weeks. The rate of wear was found to decrease throughout the duration of the study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There were no significant differences between the two whitening toothpastes in terms of enamel and dentine wear after 12 weeks brushing.
authors: Unilever Oral Care, Port Sunlight Laboratory, Bebington, Wirral, UK. Andrew.Joiner@Unilever.com
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Joiner
authors: L Z
authors: LZ
authors: Collins
authors: T F
authors: TF
authors: Cox
authors: M J
authors: MJ
authors: Pickles
authors: E
authors: E
authors: Weader
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Liscombe
authors: J S
authors: JS
authors: Holt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000473:pathology*; D003804:Dentin / Q000473:pathology*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D014072:Tooth Abrasion / Q000145:classification / Q000209:etiology*; D014075:Tooth Discoloration / Q000628:therapy; D014099:Toothbrushing; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D014100:Toothpastes; C003076:Perlite; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D002119:Calcium Carbonate; D000537:Aluminum Oxide