Transcriptional regulation of neuronal genes and its effect on neural functions: NAD-dependent histone deacetylase SIRT1 (Sir2alpha).
Sir2 (silent information regulator 2) is an NAD-dependent deacetylase that is broadly conserved from bacteria to humans. It catalyzes a unique deacetylation reaction using NAD, and specific inhibitors and activators of its activity have been discovered. In yeast, Sir2 deacetylates histones and participates in transcription silencing and the suppression of recombination. Sir2 is also implicated in the regulation of aging, because its increased expression extends the lifespan of yeast and nematodes. Mammalian SIRT1 (Sir2alpha) is a member of the Sir2 family. Recently, SIRT1 was shown to interact with various transcription factors such as p53, forkhead transcription factor (FOXO) family proteins, and MyoD, and to participate in stress tolerance, differentiation, and development.
Hisahara
Shin
S
Department of Pharmacology, Sapporo Medical University, School of Medicine, Japan.
Chiba
Susumu
S
Matsumoto
Hiroyuki
H
Horio
Yoshiyuki
Y
D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D051543:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3-gamma; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D056564:Sirtuin 1; D037761:Sirtuins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D000071161:Forkhead Box Protein O1; D051858:Forkhead Transcription Factors; D051543:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3-gamma; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D009243:NAD; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D056564:Sirtuin 1; D037761:Sirtuins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C496505:FOXA3 protein, human; C085126:FOXO1 protein, human; C447939:SIRT1 protein, human