title: Effects of external thermal manipulation on laminar temperature and perfusion scintigraphy of the equine digit.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effects of external thermal manipulation on the soft-tissue and vascular perfusion of the equine digit using nuclear scintigraphy and documented tissue temperatures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six horses were used in a randomised crossover design. Each horse was treated with external heat (47 degrees C) or external cold (4 degrees C) applied to a digit for 30 minutes. The opposite front foot was untreated and used for control measurements. Nuclear scintigraphy was performed before, during, and after therapy to assess vascular and soft-tissue perfusion to the digit in response to therapy. Dorsal hoof wall laminar-tissue temperatures were recorded before, during, and after therapy using a thermistor.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Treatment with topical cold therapy significantly decreased soft-tissue perfusion of the digit to 80.5% of the pre-cooled values. Conversely, the application of external heat significantly increased soft-tissue perfusion of the digit 25.1% above the pre-heated values. Vascular perfusion showed similar, but not statistically significant trends. External cold application to the digit caused a significant mean decrease in laminar-tissue temperatures of 11.6 degrees C during therapy, while external heat application to the digit caused a significant mean increase in laminar-tissue temperatures of 3.9 degrees C.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The external application of heat and cold to the normal equine foot could effectively alter soft-tissue perfusion and laminar-tissue temperatures within 30 minutes of treatment. The application of hot water and ice water to the digit was a safe, well-tolerated, and economical therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cooling the foot could decrease enzymatic reactions associated with laminitis, and warming could increase local perfusion when desired.
authors: Department of Clinical Sciences, Kansas State University, Manhattan, KS 66506, United States.
authors: A A
authors: AA
authors: Worster
authors: E M
authors: EM
authors: Gaughan
authors: J J
authors: JJ
authors: Hoskinson
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Sargeant
authors: J H
authors: JH
authors: Erb