Localization of coxsackie virus and adenovirus receptor (CAR) in normal and regenerating human muscle.
The primary receptor for Adenovirus and Coxsackie virus (CAR) serves as main port of entry of the adenovirus vector mediating gene transfer into skeletal muscle. Information about CAR expression in normal and diseased human skeletal muscle is lacking. C'- or N'-terminally directed polyclonal antibodies against CAR were generated and immunohistochemical analysis of CAR on morphologically normal and regenerating human skeletal muscle of children and adults was performed. In morphologically normal human muscle fibers, CAR immunoreactivity was limited to the neuromuscular junction. In regenerating muscle fibers, CAR was abundantly co-expressed with markers of regeneration. The function of CAR at the neuromuscular junction is currently unknown. Co-expression of CAR with markers of regeneration suggests that CAR is developmentally regulated, and may serve as a marker of skeletal muscle fiber regeneration.
Sinnreich
M
M
Neuromuscular Research Group, Montreal Neurological Hospital and Institute, McGill University, 3801 University Street, Montreal, Que., Canada H3A 2B4.
Shaw
C A
CA
Pari
G
G
Nalbantoglu
J
J
Holland
P C
PC
Karpati
G
G
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D062727:Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor-Like Membrane Protein; D003893:Desmin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000276:immunology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D007223:Infant; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism*; D009135:Muscular Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D020388:Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne / Q000378:metabolism; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000378:metabolism; D019006:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D017285:Polymyositis / Q000378:metabolism; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D012038:Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods; D049411:Utrophin / Q000378:metabolism
C568771:CLMP protein, human; D062727:Coxsackie and Adenovirus Receptor-Like Membrane Protein; D003893:Desmin; C016512:IgY; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D019006:Neural Cell Adhesion Molecules; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D049411:Utrophin; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains