title: Examples of the application of optical process and quality sensing (OPQS) to beer brewing and polyurethane foaming processes.
abstract: Optical methods play an important role in process analytical technologies (PAT). Four examples of optical process and quality sensing (OPQS) are presented, which are based on three important experimental techniques: near-infrared absorption, luminescence quenching, and a novel method, photon density wave (PDW) spectroscopy. These are used to evaluate four process and quality parameters related to beer brewing and polyurethane (PU) foaming processes: the ethanol content and the oxygen (O2) content in beer, the biomass in a bioreactor, and the cellular structures of PU foam produced in a pilot production plant.
authors: Institute of Chemistry & Interdisciplinary Center of Photonics, University of Potsdam, Karl-Liebknecht-Str 24-25, 14476 Potsdam-Golm, Germany.
authors: Sonja
authors: S
authors: Engelhard
authors: Michael U
authors: MU
authors: Kumke
authors: Hans-Gerd
authors: HG
authors: Löhmannsröben
mesh_terms: D001515:Beer / Q000032:analysis*; D018533:Biomass; D000431:Ethanol / Q000032:analysis; D055095:Optics and Photonics; D010100:Oxygen / Q000032:analysis; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000032:analysis*; D011786:Quality Control; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D011140:Polyurethanes; D000431:Ethanol; D010100:Oxygen