title: Volatile organohalogen compounds in human urine: the effect of environmental exposure.
abstract: The paper presents the results of determination of volatile organohalogen compounds (VOX) in urine samples from subjects exposed to these compounds in their workplaces and through consumption of chlorinated tap water. The analytes were isolated and preconcentrated from the complex urine samples using the thin layer headspace (TLHS) technique with autogenous generation of the liquid sorbent. Final gas chromatographic determination was carried out by direct aqueous injection with electron capture detection (DAI-ECD). The results indicate that only a small fraction (<4%) of the VOX input is excreted with urine in the non-metabolized form. A positive correlation was found between the occupational levels of VOX in the workplace and their levels in urine. VOX levels in the urine of subjects not exposed to them in the workplace were significantly lower. Their presence in the organisms was most probably related to consumption of tap water produced by chlorination of surface waters.
authors: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, Narutowicza 11/12, 80-952 Gdańsk, Poland. zaneta@pg.gda.pl
authors: Zaneta
authors: Z
authors: Polkowska
authors: Katarzyna
authors: K
authors: Kozłowska
authors: Zofia
authors: Z
authors: Mazerska
authors: Tadeusz
authors: T
authors: Górecki
authors: Jacek
authors: J
authors: Namieśnik
mesh_terms: D004326:Drinking; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D006846:Hydrocarbons, Halogenated / Q000032:analysis / Q000652:urine*; D007753:Laboratories; D016273:Occupational Exposure; D014835:Volatilization; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D006846:Hydrocarbons, Halogenated