title: The effect of a calcium carbonate/perlite toothpaste on the removal of extrinsic tooth stain in two weeks.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the effect of a calcium carbonate/perlite toothpaste on the levels of extrinsic stain removed at two weeks compared to a silica control toothpaste.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this parallel group, double-blind study, subjects were stratified by natural baseline stain and tobacco use and allocated at random to one of the two study toothpastes. Subjects brushed with their allocated toothpaste twice daily for two weeks before extrinsic tooth stain was again assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was performed at 4-Front Research UK Limited, Maldon, UK.
  
  
  METHODS
  152 adult subjects with at least eight assessable incisors/ canines with natural extrinsic tooth stain completed the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The extrinsic tooth stain on the facial surfaces of incisors and canines was measured using the Macpherson modification of the Lobene Stain Index.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both of the toothpaste groups had significantly less stain after two weeks of use compared to the baseline value (p<0.001). Analysis of covariance on the sum of the whole mouth stain scores showed that the calcium carbonate/perlite toothpaste removed significantly more stain over the two week study than the silica control toothpaste (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Twice daily brushing for two weeks with a calcium carbonate/perlite toothpaste removes more extrinsic stain than a silica control toothpaste.
authors: Unilever Oral Care, Bebington, UK. luisa.z.collins@unilever.com
authors: L Z
authors: LZ
authors: Collins
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Naeeni
authors: F
authors: F
authors: Schäfer
authors: C
authors: C
authors: Brignoli
authors: A
authors: A
authors: Schiavi
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Roberts
authors: P
authors: P
authors: Colgan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002119:Calcium Carbonate / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003481:Cuspid / Q000473:pathology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012907:Smoking; D014075:Tooth Discoloration / Q000145:classification / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014099:Toothbrushing; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014100:Toothpastes; C003076:Perlite; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D002119:Calcium Carbonate; D000537:Aluminum Oxide