title: Survival and complication rates in 300 horses undergoing surgical treatment of colic. Part 3: Long-term complications and survival.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Few studies have evaluated long-term survival and complication rates in horses following surgical treatment of colic, making it difficult to offer realistic advice concerning long-term prognosis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To review the complications occurring after discharge from hospital and survival to >12 months after surgery of 300 horses undergoing exploratory laparotomy for acute colic. Pre-, intra- and post operative factors that affected long-term complications and long-term survival were assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  History, clinical findings, surgical findings and procedures and post operative treatments of 300 consecutive surgical colic cases (1994-2001) were reviewed. Long-term follow-up information was retrieved from case records and telephone enquiries from owners.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The long-term (>12 months) survival rate for 204 horses discharged after colic surgery and for which follow-up information was available was 84%. The most common complication after discharge was colic, affecting 35.1% of horses following a single laparotomy. Colic was most common in horses that had had small intestinal obstructions, bowel resection or post operative ileus. Abdominal adhesions were most common in horses that presented with severe colic due to strangulation of small intestine. Ventral hernia formation occurred in 8% of horses, and was most common in horses that had had post operative wound drainage or infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study identified various factors that appear to predispose horses to long-term complications after colic surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Further evaluation of strategies that might reduce the incidence of such complications are needed; in particular, the value of intraperitoneal heparin should be evaluated, and procedures designed to reduce the rates of wound drainage and infection assessed.
authors: Bell Equine Veterinary Clinic, Mereworth, Maidstone, Kent ME18 5GS, UK.
authors: T S
authors: TS
authors: Mair
authors: L J
authors: LJ
authors: Smith
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003085:Colic / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D006555:Hernia, Ventral / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery; D006736:Horses; D045823:Ileus / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary; D007420:Intestine, Large / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D007813:Laparotomy / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013997:Time Factors; D000267:Tissue Adhesions / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000662:veterinary; D016896:Treatment Outcome