title: Phenolic-extract from argan oil (Argania spinosa L.) inhibits human low-density lipoprotein (LDL) oxidation and enhances cholesterol efflux from human THP-1 macrophages.
abstract: Argan oil is rich in unsaturated fatty acids, tocopherol and phenolic compounds. These protective molecules make further study of its cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) action interesting. Furthermore, no previous study has explored the antioxidant activity of argan oil in comparison with olive oil. The present study was conducted to evaluate the beneficial properties of Virgin argan oil phenolic extracts (VAO-PE) towards CVD by: (A) protecting human (low-density lipoprotein, LDL) against lipid peroxidation and (B) promoting high-density lipoprotein (HDL)-mediated cholesterol efflux. Human LDLs were oxidized by incubation with CuSO(4) in the presence of different concentrations of VAO-PE (0-320mug/ml). LDL lipid peroxidation was evaluated by conjugated diene and MDA formation as well as Vitamin E disappearance. Incubation of LDL with VAO-PE significantly prolonged the lag-phase and lowered the progression rate of lipid peroxidation (P<0.01) and reduced the disappearance of Vitamin E in a concentration-dependent manner. Incubation of HDL with VAO-PE significantly increased the fluidity of the HDL phospholipidic bilayer (P=0.0004) and HDL-mediated cholesterol efflux from THP-1 macrophages. These results suggest that Virgin argan oil provides a source of dietary phenolic antioxidants, which prevent cardiovascular diseases by inhibiting LDL-oxidation and enhancing reverse cholesterol transport. These properties increase the anti-atherogenic potential of HDL.
authors: Research Centre on Aging, Sherbrooke Geriatric University Institute, University of Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Que., Canada J1H 4C4.
authors: Hicham
authors: H
authors: Berrougui
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Cloutier
authors: Maxim
authors: M
authors: Isabelle
authors: Abdelouahed
authors: A
authors: Khalil
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001692:Biological Transport / Q000187:drug effects*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism*; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood*; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012016:Reference Values; D012307:Risk Factors; D029632:Sapotaceae
chemical_list: D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D002784:Cholesterol