title: Linear and nonlinear reconstruction for optical tomography of phantoms with nonscattering regions.
abstract: Most research in optical imaging incorrectly assumes that light transport in nonscattering regions in the head may be modeled by use of the diffusion approximation. The effect of this assumption is examined in a series of experiments on tissue-equivalent phantoms. Images from cylindrical and head-shaped phantoms with and without clear regions [simulating the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) filled ventricles] and a clear layer (simulating the CSF layer surrounding the brain) are reconstructed with linear and nonlinear reconstruction techniques. The results suggest that absorbing and scattering perturbations can be identified reliably with nonlinear reconstruction methods when the clear regions are also present in the reference data but that the quality of the image degrades considerably if the reference data does not contain these features. Linear reconstruction performs similarly to nonlinear reconstruction, provided the clear regions are present in the reference data, but otherwise linear reconstruction fails. This study supports the use of linear reconstruction for dynamic imaging but suggests that, in all cases, image quality is likely to improve if the clear regions are modeled correctly.
authors: Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, London WC1E 6JA, United Kingdom. agibson@medphys.ucl.ac.uk
authors: Adam P
authors: AP
authors: Gibson
authors: Jeremy C
authors: JC
authors: Hebden
authors: Jason
authors: J
authors: Riley
authors: Nicholas
authors: N
authors: Everdell
authors: Martin
authors: M
authors: Schweiger
authors: Simon R
authors: SR
authors: Arridge
authors: David T
authors: DT
authors: Delpy
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000166:cytology*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D016247:Information Storage and Retrieval / Q000379:methods; D016014:Linear Models; D008954:Models, Biological; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D041622:Tomography, Optical / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*