title: The bovine vitreous-derived lipid factor (bVLF) is a powerful inhibitor of retinal pigmented epithelial (hRPE) cell proliferation.
abstract: Human retinal pigmented epithelial cell (hRPE) proliferation plays a significant role in various proliferative diseases associated to the retina that leads to loss of vision, such as proliferative vitreoretinopathy. In the current study, the role of the bovine vitreous lipid factor (bVLF) in hRPE cell proliferation has been investigated. bVLF is a bioactive lipid isolated from the bovine vitreous body with strong Ca(2+)-mobilizing activity in fibroblast. In the first approach, the effects of bVLF on Ca(2+)-mobilizing activity were investigated in hRPE. The results showed that bVLF induced, in a dose-dependent manner, a Ca(2+) mobilization from PA-sensitive intracellular stores [non-Ins(1,4,5)P(3)-sensitive stores], in which extracellular Ca(2+) participated. The increase in intracellular Ca(2+) was associated with a dose-dependent inhibiting effect on cell proliferation. At a dose of 10 microg/mL, bVLF caused a 26% or a 44% inhibition in hRPE cell proliferation during the 3- or the 6-day culture periods, respectively. These effects appear to be specific in hRPE cells, since EFGR-T17 fibroblast cells treated with equivalent amounts of bVLF did not show any inhibiting effects. This inhibitory action was not associated to apoptotic/necrotic processes. Furthermore, bVLF inhibited EGF-, bFGF-, IGF-I-, PDGF-, HGF- and VEGF-induced proliferation of the hRPE cells. Moreover, this inhibitory response was also observed in FBS-induced hRPE cell proliferation. bVLF, at a concentration of 10 microg/mL, induced 16% inhibition of proliferation during a culture period of 3 days. This inhibitory action was greater during the 6-day culture period, exceeding 40%. With regard to this action, the results showed that bVLF has a potent inhibitory effect on ERK1/2 activation, and plays a key role in the control of hRPE cell proliferation. These observations contribute to the knowledge of inhibitory factors responsible for keeping antiproliferative environment that preserve the RPE-associated activities in normal states. It advances the interesting possibility that this factor or a factor with characteristics common to bVLF might be involved in the pathogenesis of abnormal proliferative eye processes.
authors: Department of Medicine, Research Area, Laboratory of Molecular Endocrinology, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario de Santiago, University of Santiago de Compostela, Spain.
authors: Esther
authors: E
authors: Díaz-Rodríguez
authors: Antonio
authors: A
authors: Piñeiro
authors: Felipe F
authors: FF
authors: Casanueva
authors: Jesús P
authors: JP
authors: Camiña
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002469:Cell Separation; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D007295:Inositol Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D009336:Necrosis; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D010857:Pigment Epithelium of Eye / Q000166:cytology*; D012160:Retina / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013997:Time Factors; D010738:Type C Phospholipases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007295:Inositol Phosphates; D010710:Phosphates; D010743:Phospholipids; C472625:bovine vitreous lipid factor; D015544:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D010738:Type C Phospholipases; D002118:Calcium