title: A functional polymorphism in the Eta-1 promoter is associated with allele specific binding to the transcription factor Sp1 and elevated gene expression.
abstract: Early T lymphocyte activator 1 (Eta-1), also known as Osteopontin, is a cytokine produced by macrophages and T lymphocytes. It is involved in the regulation of IL-12 and IL-10 expression in macrophages and stimulates the polarization of T cells to the Th1 subset. Three promoter polymorphisms of the human Eta-1 gene, -443T/C, -156delG/G, -66T/G, were investigated for possible influence on gene expression. Electrophoretic mobility shift assays (EMSA) with nuclear extract from the human myeloid leukaemia premonocyte cell line, THP-1, revealed sequence specific binding of the transcription factor Sp1 to the -66T allele but not the -66G allele, and haplotype -443C/-156G/-66T showed a marked increase in promoter activity of a luciferase reporter gene. Thus, a substitution of the T-base with G at position -66 in the Eta-1 promoter modulates the promoter activity of the Eta-1 gene, which might influence the Th1 versus Th2 balance. These observations are discussed in relation to a recently reported related observation on the same gene, and it is argued that discrepancies between reporter gene assays in the two studies may be due to the use of different cell lines and may reflect requirements for different transcription factors in cells involved in immune responses compared with other cells.
authors: Department of Clinical Immunology, University Hospital of Copenhagen (Rigshospitalet), Blegdamsvej 9, DK2200 Copenhagen, N, Denmark. tinahummelshoj@hotmail.com
authors: Tina
authors: T
authors: Hummelshoj
authors: Lars P
authors: LP
authors: Ryder
authors: Hans O
authors: HO
authors: Madsen
authors: Niels
authors: N
authors: Odum
authors: Arne
authors: A
authors: Svejgaard
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001483:Base Sequence; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006801:Humans; D008156:Luciferases / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D053495:Osteopontin; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C506895:SPP1 protein, human; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D016329:Sp1 Transcription Factor; D053495:Osteopontin; D008156:Luciferases