Enhanced photodynamic activity of hypericin by penetration enhancer N-methyl pyrrolidone formulations in the chick chorioallantoic membrane model.
Hypericin (HY) was examined for photodynamic therapy (PDT)-induced vascular damage using the chick chorioallantoic membrane (CAM) model. Clinically, plasma protein was used to solubilize HY. Upon binding to albumin, free HY available to be transported through the membrane may be limited. Hence, formulations containing a biocompatible solvent, N-Methyl pyrrolidone (NMP), have the potential to enhance HY delivery into solid tumors. At suitable concentrations, NMP and/or light irradiation did not produce antivascular damage. Hypericin-PDT effects showed to be HY and NMP concentrations-dependent. These findings indicate that NMP is a promising solvent and penetration enhancer for HY-PDT clinical applications.
Saw
Constance Lay Lay
CL
Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Singapore, Singapore 117543.
Heng
Paul Wan Sia
PW
Chin
William Wei Lim
WW
Soo
Khee Chee
KC
Olivo
Malini
M
D000818:Animals; D000873:Anthracenes; D002642:Chick Embryo; D049033:Chorioallantoic Membrane / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000494:pharmacology; D008027:Light; D008954:Models, Biological; D015394:Molecular Structure; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects; D010569:Perylene / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011760:Pyrrolidinones / Q000494:pharmacology*
D000873:Anthracenes; D004337:Drug Carriers; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; D011760:Pyrrolidinones; D010569:Perylene; C004965:hypericin; C038678:N-methylpyrrolidone