title: Urinary diversion in high-risk elderly patients: modified cutaneous ureterostomy or ileal conduit?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy and safety of the type of urinary diversion during radical cystectomy in high-risk elderly patients by comparing a modified cutaneous ureterostomy with the ileal conduit urinary diversion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 481 patients who underwent radical cystectomy between 1993 and 2002, 54 individuals older than 75 years with an American Society of Anesthesiologists score of 3e, 4, or 4e were characterized as high risk. These patients were grouped according to those who underwent a modified cutaneous ureterostomy (group 1, 29 patients) and those who underwent ileal conduit urinary diversion (group 2, 25 patients). Student's t and Fisher's exact tests were used for statistical analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients in group 2 had a longer operative time (P < 0.001), an increased need for blood transfusion (P = 0.025), an increased need for intensive care monitoring (P = 0.032), and a longer mean hospitalization time (P < 0.001) than the patients in group 1. In group 2, we recorded statistically greater rates of intraoperative complications (P = 0.035), early medical and surgical complications (P = 0.031 and P = 0.012, respectively), and late surgical complications (P = 0.004). The intraoperative, early, and late surgical complication rate was 13.7%, 24.1%, and 17.2% in group 1 and 40%, 60%, and 56% in group 2, respectively. One patient in group 2 died in the early postoperative period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cutaneous ureterostomy represents a simplified alternative for urinary diversion in high-risk elderly patients. It can be performed quickly, with few early and late postoperative complications compared with the ileal conduit operation.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Urology, School of Medicine, University of Athens, Sismanoglio General Hospital, Athens, Greece. nikistra@hol.gr
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Deliveliotis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papatsoris
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chrisofos
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dellis
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liakouras
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Skolarikos
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007082:Ileum / Q000637:transplantation*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D014519:Ureterostomy / Q000379:methods*; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D014547:Urinary Diversion / Q000379:methods*