title: Effects of different drinks on stainability of resin composite provisional restorative materials.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The ability of tooth-colored restorative materials for provisional restorations to resist stains is important when interim prostheses are worn for a long period. Discoloration of provisional restorative materials may result in patient dissatisfaction and additional time and expense for replacement. However, the effect of different staining agents on the color difference of resin composite restorative materials has not been completely clarified.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the stainability of auto- and light-polymerized composite provisional restorative materials, reinforced microfill, and microhybrid resin composite restorative materials upon exposure to different staining agents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-five cylindrical specimens (15 x 2 mm) were prepared for each of an autopolymerized bis-acryl composite provisional restorative material (Protemp II), a light-polymerized composite provisional restorative material (Revotek LC), a reinforced microfill (Micronew), and a microhybrid composite (Filtek Z250, Herculite XRV) restorative material, using a brass mold. The specimens were wet-ground with 1000-grit silicon carbide abrasive paper for 10 seconds. The 5 restorative material specimens were divided into 9 groups (n = 5) and stored for 24 hours at 37 degrees C in different types of solutions: water, coffee, coffee with sugar, tea, tea with sugar, coffee with artificial creamer and sugar, cola, red wine, or sour cherry juice. Color of all specimens was measured before and after exposure with a colorimeter using CIE L * a * b * relative, and color changes (DeltaE * ) were then calculated. The data were analyzed with a 2-way analysis of variance (ANOVA), and mean values were compared by the Tukey HSD test (alpha = .05).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The interaction of provisional restorative materials and staining agents was statistically significant ( P = .0001). For the 5 restorative materials tested, the lowest DeltaE * values were observed in the water, cola, and sour cherry juice groups. The highest color difference for all restorative materials was observed in the red wine groups. For microhybrid composite materials and light-polymerized composite provisional material, when tea and coffee groups with and without sugar were compared, both groups with sugar demonstrated a higher color difference than without sugar. When comparing the 5 different restorative materials, the reinforced microfill material group (Micronew) demonstrated significantly less color change than the other materials tested. The highest color difference in this study was observed for specimens in the light-polymerized composite provisional material group (Revotek LC).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The reinforced microfill restorative material tested was found significantly more color stable than the autopolymerized bis-acryl, light-polymerized composite provisional restorative materials, and microhybrid composites tested. The largest color difference was observed in the light-polymerized composite provisional material. The presence of sugar in coffee and tea increased the color difference compared to coffee or tea without sugar for light-polymerized composite provisional material and microhybrid composites.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Dentistry, Ondokuz Mayis University, Samsun, Turkey. auguler@omu.edu.tr
authors.forename: Ahmet Umut
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Guler
authors.forename: Fikret
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Tolga
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kulunk
authors.forename: Eda
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Guler
authors.forename: Safak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kurt
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001628:Beverages; D002253:Carbonated Beverages; D003069:Coffee; D003116:Color; D003124:Colorimetry; D003188:Composite Resins; D003794:Dental Restoration, Temporary; D005638:Fruit; D008422:Materials Testing; D019279:Resin Cements; D013395:Sucrose; D013662:Tea; D014867:Water; D014920:Wine
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D003069:Coffee; D003188:Composite Resins; C444701:Filtek Z250; C481139:MICRONEW; D019279:Resin Cements; C505099:Revotec LC; D013662:Tea; D014867:Water; C065770:Herculite XR; D013395:Sucrose; C069714:Protemp