title: Medical students' perceptions of the elements of effective inpatient teaching by attending physicians and housestaff.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Most studies of effective inpatient teaching have focused on teaching by attending physicians.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify and compare medical students' perceptions of behaviors associated with teaching effectiveness of attending physicians and housestaff (residents and interns).
  
  
  METHODS
  Third-year students who spent 4 weeks on a general internal medicine inpatient service during academic year 2003-2004 completed surveys using a 5-point Likert-type scale. Students evaluated numerous teaching behaviors of attendings and housestaff and then evaluated their overall teaching effectiveness.
  
  
  METHODS
  Each behavior was correlated with the perceived teaching effectiveness in univariate and regression analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-two students were taught by 23 attendings and 73 housestaff. Of 144 possible teaching evaluations, they completed 142 (98.6%) for attendings and 128 (88.9%) for housestaff. The mean rating for perceived teaching effectiveness was 4.48 (SD 0.82) for attendings and 4.39 (SD 0.80) for housestaff. For attending physicians, teaching effectiveness correlated most strongly with enthusiasm for teaching (R(2)=63.6%) but was also associated with inspiring confidence in knowledge and skills, providing feedback, and encouraging students to accept increasing responsibility. Housestaff teaching effectiveness correlated most strongly with providing a role model (R(2)=61.8%) but was also associated with being available to students, performing effective patient education, inspiring confidence in knowledge and skills, and showing enthusiasm for teaching. Regression models explained 79.7% and 73.6% of the variance in evaluations of attendings and housestaff, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Students' perceptions of effective teaching behaviors differ for attending physicians and housestaff, possibly reflecting differences in teaching roles or methods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA, USA. elnickim@upmc.edu
authors.forename: D Michael
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Elnicki
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cooper
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D007388:Internal Medicine / Q000193:education*; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010414:Pennsylvania; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012938:Social Perception; D013337:Students, Medical; D013663:Teaching / Q000379:methods*