title: Examination of spur marks found on inkjet-printed documents.
abstract: In this paper, we propose the examination of spur mark evidence on inkjet-printed documents. Spur marks are tool marks created by the spur gears in the paper conveyance system of many inkjet printers. The relationship between printouts and printers were investigated by comparing the spur marks found on printed documents with reference spur marks sampled from known printers. The comparison was based on two characteristics of spur marks: pitch and mutual distance. These characteristics extracted the geometric features of spur marks and provided information on the type of spur gears and their location in the paper conveyance system. The spur marks on a printout matched the reference spur marks within three percent of the measured values. Spur marks were considered to be effective class characteristics to identify certain brands of inkjet printers since spur gears are used in many types of these machines.
authors.affiliation: Second Information Science Section, National Research Institute of Police Science, Kashiwanoda, Kashiwa Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akao
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Seki