title: RAGE modulates vascular inflammation and atherosclerosis in a murine model of type 2 diabetes.
abstract: Previous studies demonstrated that induction of diabetes with streptozotocin (stz) accelerated atherosclerosis in hyperlipidemic apo E null (-/-) mice. Blockade of the Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts (RAGE) in those animals suppressed acceleration of atherosclerotic lesion area, in a manner independent of changes in levels of glucose, insulin or lipids. In the present studies, we extended these concepts to a murine model of type 2 diabetes, and bred apo E -/- mice into the db/db background. Db/db mice are a model of obesity and insulin resistance-mediated hyperglycemia. Compared to apo E -/- m/db (non-diabetic) mice, apo E -/- db/db (diabetic) mice displayed accelerated atherosclerosis at the aortic sinus. Consistent with an important role for RAGE in this process, administration of soluble (s) RAGE, the extracellular ligand-binding domain of RAGE, resulted in significantly reduced atherosclerotic lesion area in a glycemia- and lipid-independent manner. In parallel, apo E -/- db/db mice displayed RAGE-dependent enhanced expression of Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1, tissue factor and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 antigen/activity in aortae compared to non-diabetic animals. In addition, consistent with the premise that upregulation of RAGE ligands and RAGE occurs even in the non-diabetic, hyperlipidemic state, albeit to lesser degrees than in diabetes, administration of sRAGE to apo E -/- m/db mice resulted in decreased atherosclerotic lesion area at the aortic sinus. Taken together, these findings establish a new murine model for the study of atherosclerosis in type 2 diabetes and highlight important roles for RAGE in proatherogenic mechanisms in hyperglycemia triggered by insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, College of Physicians and Surgeons of Columbia University, 630 W, 168th Street, Black Building 1705, New York, NY 10032, USA.
authors.forename: Thoralf
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wendt
authors.forename: Evis
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Harja
authors.forename: Loredana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bucciarelli
authors.forename: Wu
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qu
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Ling Ling
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Rong
authors.forename: Daniel G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: Guenther
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: Ann Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Shi Fang
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Yan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001167:Arteritis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism; D015151:Immunoblotting; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D000067759:Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1