title: Total synthesis of ciguatoxin CTX3C: a venture into the problems of ciguatera seafood poisoning.
abstract: After a twelve-year struggle, the total synthesis of ciguatoxin CTX3C has been achieved. Annually, more than 20,000 people worldwide suffer from ciguatera seafood poisoning. The extremely small amounts of the causative neurotoxin, ciguatoxin, in fish hampered the isolation, structural elucidation, detailed biological study, and preparation of anti-ciguatoxin antibodies for detecting these toxins. The large (3 nanometers long) and complicated molecular structure of ciguatoxins hindered chemists from completing a total synthesis. The chemical synthesis of CTX3C, determination of the absolute configuration, and synthesis-based preparation of the monoclonal antibodies as well as the effect of synthetic CTX3C on voltage-sensitive sodium channels are outlined.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Graduate School of Science, Tohoku University, and SORST, Japan Science and Technology Corporation (JST), Sendai 980-8578, Japan. hirama@ykbsc.chem.tohoku.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirama
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D036841:Ciguatera Poisoning; D002922:Ciguatoxins / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D007118:Immunoassay; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008968:Molecular Conformation
chemical_list: C466858:ciguatoxin 3C; D002922:Ciguatoxins