title: Exploring the value of audiotapes for health literacy: a systematic review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy of audiotapes as a health information exchange intervention, specifically looking for use with the "hard-to-reach" population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Examined electronic databases and journals for articles that evaluated potential of audiotapes as an educational tool within diverse populations. The systematic review included randomized controlled trials, surveys and exploratory articles. Primary outcome variables analyzed were knowledge and recall, behavioral change, anxiety, self-care, and satisfaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Audiotapes were used to record consultations and health-related information in specific health situations. No studies were found that targeted the needs of the "hard-to-reach" population. With the exception of positive patient satisfaction, the benefits of audio taped messages remain unclear.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  If even the average person is compromised in the context of information exchange, populations with communication barriers are at even greater risk. Research needs to be conducted, aimed at determining whether audiotapes enhance communication between the "hard-to-reach" population and health professionals.
authors.affiliation: Nursing Research, Montreal General Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, 1650 Cedar Av., Rm. D6-156, Montreal, Que., Canada H3G 1A4. nresasst@muhc.mcgill.ca
authors.forename: Anelise
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santo
authors.forename: Andréa M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Laizner
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shohet
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety / Q000523:psychology; D015438:Health Behavior; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012648:Self Care; D013637:Tape Recording