title: A randomized-controlled study of encounter cards to improve oral case presentation skills of medical students.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the feasibility of oral case presentation (OCP) encounter cards as a tool for formative evaluation, to estimate the reliability and validity of the ratings when used in a medicine clerkship, and to examine whether the use of OCP encounter cards improves students' OCP skills.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medicine core clerkship at a U.S. medical school.
  
  
  METHODS
  Students enrolled in the medicine core clerkship (n=164) from January to December of 2003 were randomly assigned to receive weekly feedback using OCP encounter cards rating nine presentation compentencies or receive usual feedback. Mean OCP ratings were correlated with multiple summative assessments. Performance on an end-of-clerkship OCP was compared between intervention and control groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty percent of cards were completed. The mean OCP rating averaged over 9 competencies was 7.7 (SD=0.8) on a 9-point scale. Standard error of ratings was 0.3. OCP ratings were correlated with inpatient evaluations (r=.58), inpatient ratings of presentation skills (r=.43), and final grades (r=.40). Final OCP performance was similar for the intervention and control groups (7.0 vs 7.2, P=.09).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OCP encounter cards are a novel and feasible tool to assess clerkship students' oral case presentation skills. OCP card ratings are reproducible, and validity is suggested by their correlation with multiple markers of performance. However, encounter cards did not improve performance on summative oral presentations.
authors.affiliation: Division of General Internal Medicine, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey-Robert Wood Johnson Medical School, New Brunswick, NJ, USA. kimsa@umdnj.edu
authors.forename: Sarang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jennifer R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kogan
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Bellini
authors.forename: Judy A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Shea
mesh_terms: D002982:Clinical Clerkship; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003142:Communication; D006801:Humans; D007388:Internal Medicine / Q000193:education*; D007721:Knowledge of Results, Psychological; D008487:Medical History Taking; D010808:Physical Examination; D013337:Students, Medical