title: Assessment of the distal anastomosis of coronary artery bypass grafts with a 2D T2-weighted turbo spin echo sequence and correlation to conventional coronary angiography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to evaluate the patency of the distal anastomoses of coronary artery bypass grafts and to detect graft stenoses and occlusions with a magnetic resonance (MR) spin echo sequence.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and eighty-five patients with 481 distal anastomoses were examined with a 1.5 T MR scanner and coronary angiography. A 2-dimensional T2-weighted breath-hold half-Fourier acquisition single-shot turbo spin echo sequence (Haste) was performed. All images were evaluated independently by a radiologist and cardiologist and compared to the conventional coronary angiography. The observers were blinded to the coronary angiography findings, but informed in regard to the surgical graft anastomosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With the Haste sequence, 76% of the distal anastomoses were recognized (368/481). Forty-five of 52 (87%) stenoses and all occlusions were identified. The sensitivity and specificity for the evaluation of the distal anastomosis with the spin echo sequence was 87% and 96%. Twenty-four percent of the distal anastomoses were not identified due to a poor image quality or motion artefacts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using the Haste sequence, a reliable assessment of graft patency of the distal anastomosis is possible. Further improvements of the spatial resolution and the image quality are necessary to recommend this MR technique for routine clinical use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, University Hospital, Frankfurt/Main, Germany. thomaswittlinger@t-online.de
authors.forename: Th
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wittlinger
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Martinovic
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moritz
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kalden
authors.forename: K F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Kreitner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical; D016477:Artifacts; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D010349:Patient Compliance; D012501:Saphenous Vein / Q000601:surgery; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014654:Vascular Patency