title: Autorevascularization of the testicle and spermatic vessels by bladder pedicle flap: an experimental study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to investigate revascularization of the testicle through its own tissue and spermatic vessels by a bladder pedicle flap in rabbits.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty male rabbits were used in the study. In 10 animals, the Fowler-Stephens (FS) procedure was applied to the right testicles (FS group). The FS procedure and revascularization of the testicle by a bladder pedicle flap were applied to the right testicles in 10 animals (FSO group). No surgical procedure was performed in the control group. Scintigraphic study was performed 3 weeks after the high ligation procedure in the FS and FSO groups. Both testicles were evaluated by radionuclide scintigraphy in all the animals. Macroscopic testicle weights were evaluated. Testicular biopsy scores and mean seminiferous tubule diameters were determined in the histopathologic study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The testicular blood flow of the FSO group was better than the FS group (P < .05), but there was no statistically significant difference between the FSO and the control groups (P > .01). Testicle weights, testicular biopsy scores, and seminiferous tubule diameters in the FSO group were detected, and there was a statistically significant difference when compared with the FS group (P < .05) but not with the control group (P > .01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We suppose that the surgical model of revascularization of the testicle through its own tissue and spermatic vessels by a bladder pedicle flap can be an alternative to the FS procedure in abdominal and high canalicular undescended testicles.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Surgery Department, Kirikkale University School of Medicine, 71100 Kirikkale, Turkey. somuncusal@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Salih
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Somuncu
authors.forename: Riza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rizalar
authors.forename: Ender
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aritürk
authors.forename: Ferit
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bernay
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D011817:Rabbits; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D012671:Seminiferous Tubules / Q000098:blood supply; D013670:Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m; D013085:Spermatic Cord / Q000098:blood supply*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013524:Surgical Flaps / Q000098:blood supply*; D013737:Testis / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000098:blood supply / Q000637:transplantation*; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures
chemical_list: D013670:Sodium Pertechnetate Tc 99m