title: Tissue-plastinated vs. celloidin-embedded large serial sections in video, analog and digital photographic on-screen reproduction: a preliminary step to exact virtual 3D modelling, exemplified in the normal midface and cleft-lip and palate.
abstract: This study analyses tissue-plastinated vs. celloidin-embedded large serial sections, their inherent artefacts and aptitude with common video, analog or digital photographic on-screen reproduction. Subsequent virtual 3D microanatomical reconstruction will increase our knowledge of normal and pathological microanatomy for cleft-lip-palate (clp) reconstructive surgery. Of 18 fetal (six clp, 12 control) specimens, six randomized specimens (two clp) were BiodurE12-plastinated, sawn, burnished 90 microm thick transversely (five) or frontally (one), stained with azureII/methylene blue, and counterstained with basic-fuchsin (TP-AMF). Twelve remaining specimens (four clp) were celloidin-embedded, microtome-sectioned 75 microm thick transversely (ten) or frontally (two), and stained with haematoxylin-eosin (CE-HE). Computed-planimetry gauged artefacts, structure differentiation was compared with light microscopy on video, analog and digital photography. Total artefact was 0.9% (TP-AMF) and 2.1% (CE-HE); TP-AMF showed higher colour contrast, gamut and luminance, and CE-HE more red contrast, saturation and hue (P < 0.4). All (100%) structures of interest were light microscopically discerned, 83% on video, 76% on analog photography and 98% in digital photography. Computed image analysis assessed the greatest colour contrast, gamut, luminance and saturation on video; the most detailed, colour-balanced and sharpest images were obtained with digital photography (P < 0.02). TP-AMF retained spatial oversight, covered the entire area of interest and should be combined in different specimens with CE-HE which enables more refined muscle fibre reproduction. Digital photography is preferred for on-screen analysis.
authors.affiliation: Maxillofacial and Facial Plastic Surgery, J-W. Goethe University Medical Centre, Frankfurt, Germany. c.landes@lycos.com
authors.forename: Constantin A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Landes
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Weichert
authors.forename: Philipp
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Geis
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wernstedt
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wilde
authors.forename: Helga
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fritsch
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wagner
mesh_terms: D016477:Artifacts; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000196:embryology*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000196:embryology*; D003101:Collodion; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008046:Lip / Q000196:embryology*; D008445:Maxillofacial Development / Q000502:physiology; D010159:Palate / Q000196:embryology*; D010781:Photography; D016613:Plastic Embedding; D011247:Pregnancy; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D016610:Tissue Embedding / Q000379:methods*; D014741:Video Recording
chemical_list: D003101:Collodion