title: Mitochondrial diversity and phylogeographic structure of Chinese domestic goats.
abstract: China has numerous native domestic goat breeds, but so far there has been no extensive study on genetic diversity, population demographic history, and origin of Chinese goats. Here, we examined the genetic diversity and phylogeographic structure of Chinese domestic goats by determining a 481-bp fragment of the first hypervariable region of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) control region from 368 individuals representing 18 indigenous breeds. Phylogenetic analyses revealed that there were four mtDNA lineages (A-D) identified in Chinese goats, in which lineage A was predominant, lineage B was moderate, and lineages C and D were at low frequency. These results further support the multiple maternal origins of domestic goats. The pattern of genetic variation in goat mtDNA sequences indicated that the two larger lineages A and B had undergone population expansion events. In a combined analysis of previously reported sequences and our sequences belonging to lineage B, we detected two subclades, in which one was unique to eastern Asia and another was shared between eastern and southern Asia. A larger genetic variation in eastern Asia than southern Asia and the pattern of phylogeographic variation in lineage B suggest that at least one subclade of lineage B originated from eastern Asia. There was no significant geographical structuring in Chinese goat populations, which suggested that there existed strong gene flow among goat populations caused by extensive transportation of goats in history.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Conservation and Utilization of Bio-resource, Yunnan University, Kunming 650091, China.
authors.forename: Shan-Yuan
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yan-Hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Shi-Fang
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sha
authors.forename: Ya-Ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002681:China; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D017931:DNA Primers; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D003710:Demography; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005843:Geography; D006041:Goats / Q000235:genetics*; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D008957:Models, Genetic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial