title: Expression of tight-junction protein claudin-7 is an early event in gastric tumorigenesis.
abstract: Trefoil factor-1 (Tff1) expression is remarkably down-regulated in nearly all human gastric cancers. Therefore, we used the Tff1 knockout mouse model to detect molecular changes in preneoplastic gastric dysplasia. Oligonucleotide microarray gene expression analysis of gastric dysplasia of Tff1-/- mice was compared to that of normal gastric mucosa of wild-type mice. The genes most overexpressed in Tff1-/- mice included claudin-7 (CLDN7), early growth response-1 (EGR1), and epithelial membrane protein-1 (EMP1). Quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemistry showed that Cldn7 was overexpressed in all 10 Tff1-/- gastric dysplasia samples. Comparison with our serial analysis of gene expression database of human gastric cancer revealed similar deregulation in human gastric cancers. Quantitative real-time reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction of human gastric adenocarcinoma samples indicated that, of these three genes, CLDN7 was the most frequently up-regulated gene. Using immunohistochemistry, both mouse and human gastric glands overexpressed Cldn7 in dysplastic but not surrounding normal glands. Cldn7 expression was observed in 30% of metaplasia, 80% of dysplasia, and 70% of gastric adenocarcinomas. Interestingly, 82% of human intestinal-type gastric adenocarcinomas expressed Cldn7 whereas diffuse-type gastric adenocarcinomas did not (P < 0.001). These results suggest that Cldn7 expression is an early event in gastric tumorigenesis that is maintained throughout tumor progression.
authors.affiliation: Digestive Health Center of Excellence, University of Virginia Health System, P.O. Box 800708, Charlottesville, VA 22908-0708, USA.
authors.forename: Adam H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Henry F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Frierson
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zaika
authors.forename: Steven M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roche
authors.forename: Sheila
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Crowe
authors.forename: Christopher A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Moskaluk
authors.forename: Wa'el
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: El-Rifai
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D057167:Claudins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006131:Growth Inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008679:Metaplasia / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D019108:Tight Junctions; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000071163:Trefoil Factor-1; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C473255:CLDN7 protein, human; D057167:Claudins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C497325:EGR1 protein, human; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1; D004967:Estrogens; D006131:Growth Inhibitors; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C051838:TFF1 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000071163:Trefoil Factor-1; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; C097051:epithelial membrane protein-1