title: Quantification of acetogenins in Annona muricata linked to atypical parkinsonism in guadeloupe.
abstract: Atypical parkinsonism in Guadeloupe has been associated with the consumption of fruit and infusions or decoctions prepared from leaves of Annona muricata L. (Annonaceae), which contains annonaceous acetogenins, lipophilic inhibitors of complex I of the mitochondrial respiratory chain. We have determined the concentrations of annonacin, the major acetogenin in A. muricata, in extracts of fruit and leaves by matrix-assisted laser desorption-ionization mass spectrometry. An average fruit is estimated to contain about 15 mg of annonacin, a can of commercial nectar 36 mg, and a cup of infusion or decoction 140 microg. As an indication of its potential toxicity, an adult who consumes one fruit or can of nectar a day is estimated to ingest over 1 year the amount of annonacin that induced brain lesions in rats receiving purified annonacin by intravenous infusion.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pharmacognosy, UMR 8076 Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique BioCIS, Faculté de Pharmacie Paris XI, Châtenay-Malabry, France.
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Champy
authors.forename: Alice
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Melot
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Guérineau Eng
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gleye
authors.forename: Djibril
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fall
authors.forename: Gunter U
authors.initials: GU
authors.lastname: Höglinger
authors.forename: Merle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruberg
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lannuzel
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Laprévote
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laurens
authors.forename: Reynald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hocquemiller
mesh_terms: D054378:Acetogenins; D031041:Annona / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000633:toxicity; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D005233:Fatty Alcohols / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D019430:Guadeloupe / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007783:Lactones / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D008970:Molecular Weight; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D054378:Acetogenins; D005233:Fatty Alcohols; D007783:Lactones; D010936:Plant Extracts