title: Observations on the history of non-insect invertebrate pathology from the perspective of a participant.
abstract: This paper discusses diseases of commercially important non-insect invertebrates from both a historical and a personal perspective. Early studies of curious scientists such as Metchnikoff using invertebrate systems led to important discoveries with much wider impact. As commercial culture of oysters, shrimp, and other invertebrates grew, so did studies of their diseases. Here, the impact of pioneering scientists and important new techniques on our understanding of these diseases is described.
authors.affiliation: RACE Division, Alaska Fisheries Center, National Marine Fisheries Service, Seattle, WA 98115-0070, USA. asparks660@comcast.net
authors.forename: Albert K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Sparks
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003445:Crustacea; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D010125:Ostreidae; D010336:Pathology / Q000266:history*