title: Idiopathic male pseudohermaphroditism: variations in presentation and management.
abstract: Male pseudohermaphroditism (MPH) is the abnormal development of genitalia in an individual with a 46,XY chromosome complement and testicular tissue. The etiology of MPH is unknown in most cases, which are defined as idiopathic.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the data for cases of idiopathic MPH.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study of 29 patients with idiopathic MPH and no uterus.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four patients had a family history of abnormal sexual development and five had low birth weight. The initial manifestations were sexual ambiguity (26), microphallus and hypospadias (2), and primary amenorrhea (1). Basal and/or stimulated testosterone concentrations showed insufficient testosterone secretion in three patients. Genitography showed a vagina in 13 patients. Male genitoplasties were performed on 21 out of the 24 patients reared as males and female genitoplasties on five patients. Histological studies of the gonads of these showed streak gonads in one, normal gonads in one and signs of testicular dysgenesis in three others. Molecular studies on the SRY gene (17) showed no mutation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Idiopathic male pseudohermaphroditism is a heterogeneous condition, even within families with a history of this condition. We propose a set of guidelines for the management of these patients.
authors.affiliation: Université Paris V and Unité d'Endocrinologie Pédiatrique, Hôpital Bicêtre, Assistance Publique-Hopitaux de Paris, Paris, France.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Meau-Petit
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Marcou
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Trivin
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lortat-Jacob
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: McElreavey
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brauner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D012734:Disorders of Sex Development / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D024282:Genes, sry / Q000235:genetics; D005835:Genitalia / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery; D006728:Hormones / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000648:ultrastructure; D008297:Male; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012729:Sex Chromosome Aberrations; D013737:Testis / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D006728:Hormones; D004247:DNA