Nocardiopsis and Saccharothrix genera in Saharan soils in Algeria: isolation, biological activities and partial characterization of antibiotics.
Twenty-five soil samples were collected in the Algerian Sahara and analyzed to isolate rare actinomycetes. Eighty-six isolates with the same Nocardiopsis or Saccharothrix morphology were isolated on humic-vitamin B agar medium using dilution techniques and several antibiotics as selective agents. Certain of these antibiotics seemed to be very selective for some phenotypes. Morphological and chemotaxonomic characteristics led to identifying 54 isolates belonging to the Nocardiopsis genus and 32 isolates belonging to the Saccharothrix genus. An assessment of the antimicrobial properties of the isolates showed activities against Gram-positive bacteria, fungi and yeasts. Saccharothrix isolates possessed better antifungal activity than Nocardiopsis. One of them, labeled SA 103, was therefore selected for identification of its antifungal antibiotic activities. Production of overall antifungal and antibacterial activities was checked on the complex medium ISP2 and a synthetic medium (SM) that contains glucose or starch as carbon source, and ammonium or nitrate as nitrogen source. The SM medium containing ammonium sulfate (0.2%), supplemented with starch (0.5%) and yeast extract (0.3%), was retained for production of antibiotics. Active substances were purified by a G25-80 Sephadex column and reverse phase HPLC. Two pure substances were obtained and named ZA01 and ZA02; they were characterized on the basis of combined data resulting from chemical tests, UV visibile and IR spectra and mass spectrometry. The two antibiotics were found to be related and were partially characterized as nucleotidic or nucleosidic antibiotics. Their structures consisted of a chain of three sugar units linked to an aromatic base containing a phosphate residue.
Zitouni
Abdelghani
A
Laboratoire de Recherche sur les Produits Bioactifs et la Valorisation de la Biomasse, Ecole Normale Supérieure de Kouba, B.P. 92, 16 050 Vieux-Kouba, Alger, Algeria.
Boudjella
Hadjira
H
Lamari
Lynda
L
Badji
Boubekeur
B
Mathieu
Florence
F
Lebrihi
Ahmed
A
Sabaou
Nasserdine
N
D000192:Actinomycetales / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D000462:Algeria; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003470:Culture Media; D003889:Desert Climate; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis; D012988:Soil Microbiology
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D003470:Culture Media; D012987:Soil