title: Adiponectin level is reduced and inversely correlated with the degree of proteinuria in type 2 diabetic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Adiponectin seems to be an important modulator for metabolic and vascular diseases. We aimed to measure plasma adiponectin levels in type 2 diabetic patients and investigate any association with the severity of proteinuria.
  
  
  METHODS
  80 patients (mean age, 46.9 +/- 5.1 years; body mass index (BMI), 25.8 +/- 1.98 kg/m2) and 47 healthy volunteers (mean age, 46.1 +/- 5.5 years; BMI 26.74 +/- 2.23 kg/m2) were included. Plasma adiponectin concentration, insulin levels, homeostasis model assessment (HOMA) indices, calculated glomerular filtration rate (GFR), high sensitive C reactive protein (hsCRP) and biochemistry panel were determined in all subjects. The association between adiponectin concentration and proteinuria was evaluated. Additionally, the relationship between adiponectin and hsCRP and calculated GFR were also investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adiponectin levels in patients were significantly lower than those of controls (n = 80; 8.76 +/- 4.50 microg/ml for patients, n = 47; 24.27 +/- 5.59 microg/ml for controls, p < 0.001). Plasma adiponectin levels in patients with proteinuria were significantly lower than those without proteinuria (n = 43; 6.81 +/- 2.82 microg/ml for proteinuria, n = 37; 11.98 +/- 3.32 microg/ml for no proteinuria, p < 0.001). There was a significant negative correlation between plasma adiponectin concentrations and the degree of proteinuria (r = -0.433, p < 0.001). There were also significant negative correlations between adiponectin concentrations and insulin levels as well as HOMA index in the patient group (r = -0.322, p = 0.004; r = -0.301, p = 0.032). Additionally there was a significant negative correlation between adiponectin and hsCRP levels in the patient group (r = -0.872, p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results show that adiponectin is lower in patients with type 2 diabetes and the levels are negatively correlated with the severity of proteinuria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Gülhane School of Medicine, Etlik-Ankara, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yenicesu
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Caglar
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sonmez
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Eyileten
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kir
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Acikel
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bingol
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Oguz
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Ikizler
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vural
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood* / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000097:blood*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D007328:Insulin; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D002097:C-Reactive Protein