title: Y-chromosome evidence of southern origin of the East Asian-specific haplogroup O3-M122.
abstract: The prehistoric peopling of East Asia by modern humans remains controversial with respect to early population migrations. Here, we present a systematic sampling and genetic screening of an East Asian-specific Y-chromosome haplogroup (O3-M122) in 2,332 individuals from diverse East Asian populations. Our results indicate that the O3-M122 lineage is dominant in East Asian populations, with an average frequency of 44.3%. The microsatellite data show that the O3-M122 haplotypes in southern East Asia are more diverse than those in northern East Asia, suggesting a southern origin of the O3-M122 mutation. It was estimated that the early northward migration of the O3-M122 lineages in East Asia occurred approximately 25,000-30,000 years ago, consistent with the fossil records of modern humans in East Asia.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Cellular and Molecular Evolution, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Kunming, China. sub@mail.kiz.ac.cn.
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Yong-Li
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wen
authors.forename: Chun-Jie
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Underhill
authors.forename: Pei-Dong
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Ranajit
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Su
mesh_terms: D041322:Chromosomes, Human, Y / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005202:Asia, Eastern; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000235:genetics; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010375:Pedigree; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011157:Population Dynamics
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers