title: Pain perception in major depression depends on pain modality.
abstract: One frequently described feature of depression is an increased vulnerability to pain complaints, and chronic pain is frequently accompanied by symptoms of depression. In contrast to this, a decreased sensitivity to experimental pain has been described in major depression. The physiological basis of this phenomenon is yet elusive. We investigated 30 patients suffering from a major depressive disorder and matched controls. Pain testing (threshold and tolerance) was performed on both sides of the body and included assessment of thermal, electrical and ischemic pain. While confirming hypoalgesia to heat and electrical pain in comparison to controls, we found hyperalgesia to ischemic muscle pain. Furthermore, thermal pain tolerance and electrical pain tolerance were significantly increased on the right hand side confirming previous results of a lateralized perception of pain in depression. Our main finding suggests that painful stimuli are processed differentially depending on the localization of pain induction in depression. This knowledge may enable us to understand and ultimately treat pain complaints more appropriately in depressed patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Friedrich-Schiller-University of Jena, Philosophenweg 3, 07743 Jena, Germany. karl-juergen.baer@med.uni-jena.de
authors.forename: Karl-Jürgen
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Bär
authors.forename: Stanislaw
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brehm
authors.forename: Michael Karl
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Boettger
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Boettger
authors.forename: Gerd
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Heinrich
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sauer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000150:complications*; D004558:Electric Stimulation / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007511:Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology*; D017288:Pain Threshold / Q000502:physiology / Q000523:psychology*