title: Relationship among pregnancy associated plasma protein-A levels, clinical characteristics, and coronary artery disease extent in patients with chronic stable angina pectoris.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess, in chronic stable angina (CSA) patients, the relationship among clinical characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors, extent of coronary artery disease (CAD), and pregnancy-associated plasma protein-A (PAPP-A) levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We studied 643 CSA patients (63+/-10 years, 482 men) undergoing diagnostic coronary angiography; 97 with angiographically normal coronary arteries or <50% stenosis, 127 with single vessel disease (VD), and 419 with multi-VD. Patients' age, gender, cardiovascular risk factors, body mass index, history of previous myocardial infarction, angina class, left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF), and treatment were assessed at study entry. PAPP-A levels (mIU/L) were higher in men than in women (6.2+/-2.4 vs. 5.2+/-1.8; P<0.001) and in hypertensive vs. normotensive patients (6.4+/-2.8 vs. 5.8+/-2.1; P=0.01). PAPP-A correlated directly with age (r=0.19, P<0.001) and inversely with LVEF (r=-0.11, P=0.01). Patients with multivessel disease (VD) had higher PAPP-A levels (6.45+/-2.58) than those with single-VD (5.49+/-1.54, P<0.001) or normal coronaries (4.62+/-1.17, P<0.001). Male gender, age, history of a previous MI, hypercholesterolaemia, and PAPP-A levels were independent predictors for the presence of CAD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In CSA patients PAPP-A levels correlate with age, male gender, hypertension, and CAD extent. In the present study, PAPP-A was an independent predictor for the presence and extent of CAD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiac and Vascular Sciences, St George's Hospital Medical School, Cranmer Terrace, London SW17 0RE, UK.
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cosin-Sales
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kaski
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Christiansen
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kaminski
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Oxvig
authors.forename: Michael T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Overgaard
authors.forename: Della
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cole
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Holt
mesh_terms: D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A / Q000032:analysis*; D012372:ROC Curve; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D011266:Pregnancy-Associated Plasma Protein-A