title: The upregulation of insulin-like growth factor-1 in oral submucous fibrosis.
abstract: Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) is a member of a family of two interacting polypeptide hormone ligands with close homology to proinsulin. IGF-1 can influence mesenchymal cell migration, proliferation, and extracellular matrix deposition, thus implicating it in the progression of fibrotic disorders. Currently, there is limited information about the regulation of IGF-1 expression in areca quid-associated oral submucous fibrosis (OSF). The aim of this study was to compare IGF-1 expression in normal human buccal mucosa and OSF specimens and further explore the potential mechanism that may lead to induce IGF-1 expression. Twenty OSF specimens and 10 normal buccal mucosa were examined by immunohistochemistry. The activity of IGF-1 from cells cultured from OSF and normal buccal mucosa were by using reverse-transcriptase polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Furthermore, the effect of arecoline, the major areca nut alkaloid, was added to explore the potential mechanism that may lead to induce IGF-1 expression. IGF-1 expression was significantly higher in OSF specimens (p<0.05) and expressed mainly by fibroblasts, endothelial cells, and inflammatory cells. OSF demonstrated significantly higher IGF-1 protein expression than normal buccal mucosa fibroblast (BMF) both in mRNA and protein levels (p<0.05). In addition, arecoline was also found to elevate IGF-1 mRNA and protein expression in a dose-dependent manner (p<0.05). Taken together, the data presented here demonstrated that IGF-1 expression is significantly upregulated in OSF from areca quid chewers and arecoline may be responsible for the enhanced IGF-1 expression in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Pathology, Chung Shan Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Chung-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Shun-Fa
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yi-Juai
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Ming-Yung
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Yu-Chao
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D001115:Arecoline / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D009914:Oral Submucous Fibrosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D001115:Arecoline; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I