title: Constitutive nitric oxide synthases are responsible for the nitric oxide production in the ischemic aged cerebral cortex.
abstract: Aged brain shows reduced biological plasticity to meet emergency conditions such as ischemia, a process in which nitric oxide (NO) and apoptosis have been shown to play important roles. Using a model of transient global ischemia, we have analyzed the NO system and the p53, bax and bcl-2 response in the cerebral cortex of aged rats. Although immediately after ischemia the NO level is maintained, the reperfusion period increases NO concentrations together with the following: (i) greater bulk-protein nitration mainly due to a 50-kDa immunoreactive band; (ii) an increase in p53 protein; and (iii) an up-regulation of Bax together with a down-regulation of Bcl-2. These results match up with induced endothelial nitric oxide synthase expression immediately after ischemia and in neuronal nitric oxide synthase with the reperfusion. However, inducible nitric oxide synthase was not altered with ischemia/reperfusion. Altogether, these data suggest that NO production in cerebral cortex of aged ischemic animals is due to the constitutive NO synthase isoforms. This response is accompanied by the increased expression of pro-apoptotic proteins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Biology, University of Jaén, Paraje Las Lagunillas s/n, 23071 Jaén, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Martínez-Lara
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Cañuelo
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Siles
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hernández
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Del Moral
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blanco
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Pedrosa
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rodrigo
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Peinado
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000379:methods; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009252:NADPH Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein
chemical_list: C494826:BAX protein, human; C494828:Bax protein, rat; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D009252:NADPH Dehydrogenase