title: Prosthetic heart valve thrombosis: pathogenesis, diagnosis and management.
abstract: Thrombosis of a prosthetic valve is one of the most severe complications of cardiac valve replacement. The incidence is 0.5% in the aortic and mitral positions and up to 20% in the tricuspid position. The presenting clinical picture ranges from the absence of symptoms to cardiogenic shock. The traditional treatment of this complication has been emergency surgery, but thrombolysis, which has been available for many years, is being considered as the first line of treatment more and more every day. The pathogenesis, diagnosis and treatment of thrombosis of prosthetic heart valves are reviewed here. Thrombolysis, which has an efficacy of over 80%, is emphasized in this review. Embolic complications associated with this therapeutic approach remain a great concern with rates of 3% to 10%, and some authors reporting rates up to 20%.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiology and Cardiovascular Surgery, Havana, Cuba. caceresm@infomed.sld.cu
authors.forename: Fidel Manuel
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Cáceres-Lóriga
authors.forename: Horacio
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Pérez-López
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Santos-Gracia
authors.forename: Karel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morlans-Hernandez
mesh_terms: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis; D006801:Humans; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents