title: Hemolysin chrysolysin from Penicillium chrysogenum promotes inflammatory response.
abstract: Some strains of Penicillium chrysogenum produce a proteinaceous hemolysin, chrysolysinTM, when incubated on sheep's blood agar at 37 degrees C but not at 23 degrees C. However, 92% (11/12) of the indoor air isolates produced hemolysis but only 43% (3/7) of the non-indoor air isolates did so. Chrysolysin is an aggregating protein composed of approximately 2kDa monomers, contains one cysteine amino acid, and has an isoelectric point of 4.85. Treatment of murine macrophage cell line RAW 264.7 with purified chrysolysin caused statistically significant (T-test, p < 0.05) increased production of macrophage inflammatory protein-2 (MIP-2) in a dose dependent manner after 6 h treatment. This suggests that chrysolysin might act to promote the host's inflammatory response after P. chrysogenum exposures.
authors.affiliation: National Exposure Research Laboratory, US Environmental Protection Agency, Cincinnati, OH, USA.
authors.forename: Maura
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Donohue
authors.forename: Yongjoo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Matthew L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Magnuson
authors.forename: Marsha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: Mary Jane
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Selgrade
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vesper
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D054426:Chemokine CXCL2; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*; D006461:Hemolysis; D007249:Inflammation; D051379:Mice; D015846:Monokines / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010408:Penicillium chrysogenum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000145:classification; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D054426:Chemokine CXCL2; C506186:Chrysolysin, Penicillium chrysogenum; D005656:Fungal Proteins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D015846:Monokines