title: [Study on the interface of Ti-porcelain fused under different surface treatment].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was made to observe the topography and ionic diffusion of the elements titanium, silicon, et cetera in the Ti-porcelain interface area which was pretreated with different methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ti-bond porcelain was fused on commercial pure titanium (CPT) with 8 different pretreatment methods; according to the temperature of the preoxidation, there were 300 degrees C, 400 degrees C, 500 degrees C and 600 degrees C groups, and based on the oxidizing-time in the air, there were 5 min, 15 min, 2 h and 24 h groups. The topography and ionic diffusion of elements in the Ti-porcelain interface area were observed with scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and electron probe microanalysis (EPMA) respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were clefts and exfoliations in the 500 degrees C pre-oxidation group and 600 degrees C pre-oxidation group in SEM images. The distribution of titanium in the interlayer in EPMA images decreased from the titanium surface to porcelain, which was opposite to the distribution of silicon.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clefts and exfoliations suggested the position of the fracture and brittleness of alpha-Ti[o] layer. The widths of ionic diffusion in the eight groups were different, but it was difficult to measure and compare them exactly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Dalian Hospital of Stomatology, Dalian 116021, China.
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yong-lie
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: Xiao-dong
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: De-peng
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Min-jie
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cong
mesh_terms: D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry*; D003764:Dental Materials; D006801:Humans; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry; D013499:Surface Properties; D013696:Temperature; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D003722:Dental Alloys; D003764:Dental Materials; D014025:Titanium; D012825:Silicon