title: VEGF induces proliferation, migration, and TGF-beta1 expression in mouse glomerular endothelial cells via mitogen-activated protein kinase and phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase.
abstract: The role of glomerular endothelial cells in kidney fibrosis remains incompletely understood. While endothelia are indispensable for repair of acute damage, they can produce extracellular matrix proteins and profibrogenic cytokines that promote fibrogenesis. We used a murine cell line with all features of glomerular endothelial cells (glEND.2), which dissected the effects of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) on cell migration, proliferation, and profibrogenic cytokine production. VEGF dose-dependently induced glEND.2 cell migration and proliferation, accompanied by up-regulation of VEGFR-2 phosphorylation and mRNA expression. VEGF induced a profibrogenic gene expression profile, including up-regulation of TGF-beta1 mRNA, enhanced TGF-beta1 secretion, and bioactivity. VEGF-induced endothelial cell migration and TGF-beta1 induction were mediated by the phosphatidyl-inositol-3 kinase pathway, while proliferation was dependent on the Erk1/2 MAP kinase pathway. This suggests that differential modulation of glomerular angiogenesis by selective inhibition of the two identified VEGF-induced signaling pathways could be a therapeutic approach to treat kidney fibrosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine I, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Erlangen 91054, Germany.
authors.forename: Zhao-Dong
authors.initials: ZD
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jens Peter
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bork
authors.forename: Bettina
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Krueger
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Patsenker
authors.forename: Anja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schulze-Krebs
authors.forename: Eckhart G
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: Hahn
authors.forename: Detlef
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schuppan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D007678:Kidney Glomerulus / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C508961:Tgfb1 protein, mouse; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases