title: [Estimation of X-radiation protective coats in abdominal angiography].
abstract: Medical personnel involved in abdominal angiography are exposed not only to direct radiation but also scattered radiation from inspection tables, patients, image intensifiers, and the beam-limiting system (collimator), among others. Japanese standard JISZ4831 prescribes protective coats of at least 0.25 mm lead equivalent, which is the uniform thickness of lead equivalent. The most commonly used protective coats are 0.25 mm Pb, 0.35 mm Pb, or 0.5 mm Pb in thickness. The weight of a typical protective coat is about 3 kg. While some coats weigh up to 6 kg, wearing such heavy coats becomes physically burdensome as inspection time increases. The trade-off between physical burden and protection was considered by analyzing the X-ray intensity distribution and attenuation rate of scattered radiation in each position assumed by the medical staff. In the case of inspections performed at an x-ray tube voltage of 80 kV, it may be possible to reduce the weight of the lead rubber apron by about 33%. Namely, the lead thickness can be reduced uniformly by 0.20 mm Pb at 70 cm and 0.05 mm Pb at 100 cm, when the shielding capability of a 0.25 mm thick Pb layer is accepted as the standard at 40 cm above the gonad position. The same range of permeated X-ray dose for the gonad position may be reduced as well. In the case of 110 kV, when the lead thicknesses are 0.30 mm Pb at 40 cm and 70 cm, and 0.10 mm Pb at 100 cm, it is possible to reduce the weight of the lead rubber apron by about 28%.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiological Technology, School of Health Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Kanazawa University.
authors.forename: Kichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Koshida
authors.forename: Takumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sota
authors.forename: Kimiya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Noto
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: Hiroto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Chikako
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kawabata
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000098:blood supply*; D000792:Angiography / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007854:Lead; D008503:Medical Staff; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011481:Protective Clothing / Q000592:standards; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D011874:Radiometry; D012542:Scattering, Radiation; D013679:Technology, Radiologic; D016474:Weight-Bearing
chemical_list: D007854:Lead