title: Beta-catenin regulates differentiation of respiratory epithelial cells in vivo.
abstract: An activated form of beta-catenin [Catnb(Delta(ex3))] was expressed in respiratory epithelial cells of the developing lung. Although morphogenesis was not altered at birth, air space enlargement and epithelial cell dysplasia were observed in the early postnatal period and persisted into adulthood. The Catnb(Delta(ex3)) protein caused squamous, cuboidal, and goblet cell dysplasia in intrapulmonary conducting airways. Atypical epithelial cells that stained for surfactant pro protein C (pro-SP-C) and had morphological characteristics of alveolar type II cells were observed in bronchioles of the transgenic mice. Catnb(Delta(ex3)) inhibited expression of Foxa2 and caused goblet cell hyperplasia associated with increased staining for mucins and the MUC5A/C protein. In vitro, both wild type and activated beta-catenin negatively regulated the expression of the Foxa2 promoter. Catnb(Delta(ex3)) also caused pulmonary tumors in adult mice. Activation of beta-catenin caused ectopic differentiation of alveolar type II-like cells in conducting airways, goblet cell hyperplasia, and air space enlargement, demonstrating a critical role for the Wnt/beta-catenin signal transduction pathway in the differentiation of the respiratory epithelium in the postnatal lung.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA. michael.mucenski@cchmc.org
authors.forename: Michael L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Mucenski
authors.forename: Jennifer M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Nation
authors.forename: Angela R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Thitoff
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Besnard
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Wert
authors.forename: Naomoto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Makoto M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Taketo
authors.forename: Mildred T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Stahlman
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Whitsett
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000235:genetics; D020397:Goblet Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D051542:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3-beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology*; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009024:Morphogenesis / Q000235:genetics; D055271:Mucin 5AC; D009077:Mucins / Q000378:metabolism; D010455:Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000378:metabolism; D037721:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein C; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C496503:Foxa2 protein, mouse; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C524679:Muc5ac protein, mouse; D055271:Mucin 5AC; D009077:Mucins; D010455:Peptides; D011498:Protein Precursors; D037721:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein C; C489680:Sftpc protein, mouse; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D051176:beta Catenin; D051542:Hepatocyte Nuclear Factor 3-beta