title: Tissue-specificity of prostate specific antigens: comparative analysis of transcript levels in prostate and non-prostatic tissues.
abstract: Activation of immune defense mechanisms against tumor antigens appears to be a promising therapeutic option for advanced prostate cancer (PCa). Specific immunotherapy critically depends on target antigens that are selectively expressed in the tumorous and optional in the normal prostate tissue in sufficient amounts. Although several prostate antigens have been described and some have already been used in clinical trials, a detailed comparative evaluation of their tissue-specificity and expression levels is still lacking. We determined the transcript levels of eight prostate targets (PSA, PAP, PSCA, PSGR, Prostein, PSMA, AIbZIP, trp-p8) in 16 different tissues by quantitative PCR and calculated a tissue-specificity index (TSI) for each molecule. Besides a preferential expression in prostate for all targets, striking differences in the expression levels and TSI were revealed which may be important for the selection of appropriate antigens for immunotherapy of PCa.
authors.affiliation: Medical Faculty, Institute of Immunology, Technical University of Dresden, Fetscherstrasse 74, D-01307 Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Ana C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Cunha
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Weigle
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kiessling
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bachmann
authors.forename: E Peter
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Rieber
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D015870:Gene Expression; D043425:Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011467:Prostate / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D018035:Receptors, Odorant / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D050053:TRPM Cation Channels / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D050976:Basic-Leucine Zipper Transcription Factors; C448322:CREB3L4 protein, human; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C417566:OR51E2 protein, human; C110843:PSCA protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018035:Receptors, Odorant; D050053:TRPM Cation Channels; C425966:TRPM8 protein, human; C422655:prostein; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; C428439:prostatic acid phosphatase; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; C473848:FOLH1 protein, human; D043425:Glutamate Carboxypeptidase II; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen