title: Somatostatin inhibits gastric acid secretion more effectively than pantoprazole in patients with peptic ulcer bleeding: a prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Gastric acid inhibition is beneficial in the management of peptic ulcer bleeding (PUB). The aim of this double-blind study was to test whether somatostatin (SST) increases intragastric pH in PUB as compared with pantoprazole (PAN) and placebo (PLA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Eligible patients were randomized to receive SST (500 microg/h+250 microg bolus), or PAN (8 mg/h+80 mg bolus) or PLA (normal saline) i.v., for 24 h. All patients underwent gastric pH monitoring during the infusion of the trial drugs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The three groups (SST, n=14; PAN, n=14; PLA, n=15) were comparable for age, gender, aetiology of PUB and laboratory data at admission. Mean (+/-SE) baseline pH levels in the fundus increased during the administration of the trial drugs (SST: 1.94+/-0.18 to 6.13+/-0.37, p<0.0001; PAN: 1.93+/-0.16 to 5.65+/-0.37, p<0.0001; PLA: 1.86+/-0.12 to 2.10+/-0.15, p=0.0917). During the first 12 h of infusion, the mean (+/-SE) percentage time spent above pH 4.0 and 5.4 was higher with SST versus PAN (84.4%+/-4.8 versus 55.1%+/-8.3, p=0.0049 and 74.2%+/-6.5 versus 47.1%+/-8.3, p=0.0163, respectively) and there was a trend favouring the SST group regarding the time spent above pH 6.0 and 6.8 (65.7%+/-6.4 versus 43.3%+/-8.2, p=0.0669 and 49.2%+/-7.7 versus 28.4+/-6.6, p=0.0738, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In PUB, both SST and PAN inhibit gastric acid secretion as compared with placebo. However, during the first 12 h of the infusion, SST was more effective than PAN in maintaining high intragastric pH. These results may provide a rationale for the administration of SST in PUB.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Gastroenterology, Evangelismos Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Alec
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Avgerinos
authors.forename: Spiros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sgouros
authors.forename: Nikos
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Viazis
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vlachogiannakos
authors.forename: Kostis
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Papaxoinis
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bergele
authors.forename: Pantelis
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sklavos
authors.forename: Sotiris A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Raptis
mesh_terms: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005744:Gastric Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D005745:Gastric Acidity Determination; D006728:Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077402:Pantoprazole; D010438:Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013454:Sulfoxides / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D006728:Hormones; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D013454:Sulfoxides; D013004:Somatostatin; D000077402:Pantoprazole; D009853:Omeprazole