title: A crossover analysis of mandatory minute ventilation compared to synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation in neonates.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mandatory minute ventilation (MMV) is a novel ventilator mode that combines synchronized intermittent mandatory ventilation (SIMV) breaths with pressure-supported spontaneous breaths to maintain a desired minute volume. The SIMV rate is automatically adjusted to maintain minute ventilation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate MMV in a cohort of infants without parenchymal lung disease alternately ventilated by MMV and SIMV.
  
  
  METHODS
  Neonates >33 weeks' gestational age and electively intubated for medical or surgical procedures were enrolled. Exclusionary criteria included: nonintact respiratory drive or active pulmonary disease. Infants were randomized to receive 2 hours of either SIMV or MMV and then crossed over to the other mode for 2 hours. Ventilator parameters and end-tidal CO(2) (etCO(2)) were measured via inline, mainstream monitoring and recorded every minute.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 20 infants were evaluated. No statistically significant differences were found for overall means between etCO(2), minute volumes, peak inspiratory pressure (PIP), or positive end expiratory pressure (PEEP). However, there was a significant difference in the type of ventilator breaths given and in the mean airway pressure. Additionally, there was a statistically significant negative trend in MMV over time compared to SIMV, although this was subtle and could have been due to extreme cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neonates with an intact respiratory drive can be successfully managed with MMV without an increase in etCO(2). While this mode generates similar PIP and PEEP, the decrease in mechanical breaths and the mean airway pressure generated with MMV may reduce the risk of some of the long-term complications associated with mechanical ventilation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
authors.forename: Scott O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Guthrie
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lynn
authors.forename: Bonnie J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Lafleur
authors.forename: Steven M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Donn
authors.forename: William F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Walsh
mesh_terms: D001944:Breath Tests; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D007384:Intermittent Positive-Pressure Breathing; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012122:Ventilators, Mechanical
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide