title: Association of chronic fatigue syndrome with human leucocyte antigen class II alleles.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A genetic component to the development of chronic fatigue syndrome (CFS) has been proposed, and a possible association between human leucocyte antigen (HLA) class II antigens and chronic fatigue immune dysfunction has been shown in some, but not all, studies.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the role of HLA class II antigens in CFS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty nine patients with CFS were genotyped for the HLA-DRB1, HLA-DQA1, and HLA-DQB1 alleles and the frequency of these alleles was compared with a control group comprising 102 normal individuals from the UK. All patients and controls were from the same region of England and, apart from two patients, were white.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis by 2 x 2 contingency tables revealed an increased frequency of HLA-DQA1*01 alleles in patients with CFS (51.0% v 35%; odds ratio (OR), 1.93; p = 0.008). HLA-DQB1*06 was also increased in the patients with CFS (30.2% v 20.0%; OR, 1.73, p = 0.052). Only the association between HLA-DQA1*01 and CFS was significant in logistic regression models containing HLA-DQA1*01 and HLA-DRQB1*06, and this was independent of HLA-DRB1 alleles. There was a decreased expression of HLA-DRB1*11 in CFS, although this association disappeared after correction for multiple comparisons.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CFS may be associated with HLA-DQA1*01, although a role for other genes in linkage disequilibrium cannot be ruled out.
authors.affiliation: Tissue Typing Laboratory, Harefield Hospital, Middlesex UB9 6JH, UK.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: E L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Fritz
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kerr
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Cleare
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wessely
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Mattey
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D015673:Fatigue Syndrome, Chronic / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005802:Genes, MHC Class II; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D059848:HLA-DQ alpha-Chains; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000235:genetics; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D006683:HLA-DQ Antigens; D059848:HLA-DQ alpha-Chains; D059866:HLA-DQ beta-Chains; C069050:HLA-DQA1 antigen; C069051:HLA-DQB1 antigen; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D059811:HLA-DRB1 Chains