title: Role of SCN5A Y1102 polymorphism in sudden cardiac death in blacks.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Y1102 polymorphism of the cardiac sodium channel (SCN5A) gene has been found in 13% of black Americans. It has been linked to lethal arrhythmias in black families with ventricular tachycardia. The prevalence of the Y1102 polymorphism in a series of sudden death in blacks is unknown.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We investigated the incidence of the Y1102 polymorphism in a series of 289 sudden deaths in blacks by sequencing an amplified segment of DNA that contained the polymorphic site extracted from prospectively sampled frozen splenic tissue. The deaths were classified as noncardiac controls (n=107), cardiac arrhythmias with clear anatomic substrate (n=117), cardiac arrhythmias with no anatomic substrate except mild to moderate cardiac hypertrophy (n=40), and unexplained cardiac arrhythmias (n=25). Cause of death was determined after complete forensic autopsy and postmortem cardiac examination. The overall frequency of the Y1102 polymorphism was 9.0%. The frequency was 5.6% in noncardiac deaths, 4.3% in cardiac deaths with obvious anatomic substrate, 20.0% in arrhythmias with moderate hypertrophy, and 28% in unexplained arrhythmias. Adjusted for age and sex, the relative risk of an unexplained arrhythmic death was 8.4 (95% CI 2.1 to 28.6, P=0.001) with the Y1102 allele compared with noncardiac deaths. The relative risk for cardiac arrhythmias with mild cardiac hypertrophy was 4.9 (95% CI 1.3 to 13.4, P=0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Y1102 allele is a risk factor in blacks for sudden cardiac death in the absence of obvious morphological findings or mild to moderate cardiomegaly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Pathology, Armed Forces Institute of Pathology, Washington, DC, USA. aburke1029@mac.com
authors.forename: Allen
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Creighton
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mont
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hogan
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kutys
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fowler
authors.forename: Renu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Virmani
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000349:Africa / Q000208:ethnology; D001483:Base Sequence; D044383:Black People / Q000235:genetics*; D002648:Child; D017931:DNA Primers; D016757:Death, Sudden, Cardiac / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005091:Exons; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009124:Muscle Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D062554:NAV1.5 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D015222:Sodium Channels / Q000235:genetics*; D017180:Tachycardia, Ventricular / Q000235:genetics; D014481:United States; D001741:Black or African American
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D009124:Muscle Proteins; D062554:NAV1.5 Voltage-Gated Sodium Channel; C568320:SCN5A protein, human; D015222:Sodium Channels