title: The relationship between antioxidant enzymes and bladder cancer.
abstract: Carcinogenesis proceeds through at least three distinct stages - initiation, promotion and progression. Free radicals play an important role in the multistep complex course of carcinogenesis. Urinary bladder has been recognized as a target organ for many carcinogens, including benzidine, beta-napthylamine, 2 napthylamine, 4-aminobiphenyl. Antioxidants have been shown to inhibit both initiation and promotion in carcinogenesis. The aim of presented study was to determine and compare the oxidant and antioxidant status in different clinical stages of bladder cancer and of control groups. Study was conducted in fifty-two (n=52) patients with transitional cell epithelial cancer of bladder and in twenty-four (n=24) healthy adults as plasma and erythrocyte controls. Malondialdehyde levels (4.636+/-1.118, 2.853+/-0.576 / 262.112+/-61.772, 203.788+/-35.340) were significantly higher and erythrocyte glutathione levels (6.272+/-1.708, 7.523+/-1.346) were significantly lower in bladder cancer patients group than in control group. Erythrocyte glutathione reductase and glutathione peroxidase (3.935+/-1.155, 5.481+/-1.626 / 8.729+/-1.614, 12.362+/-1.707) activities were significantly lower in cancer patients. In the other hand, glutathione S-transferase activities (3.100+/-1.177, 1.071+/-0.471) were found significantly increases. We suggest that the values of glutathione S-transferase enzyme activity can be used for a tumor detection approach and even as an indicator of the biological behavior of the bladder carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Baskent University School of Medicine, Alanya Hospital, 07400 Antalya, Turkey. serapa@baskent-aln.edu.tr
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arikan
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akcay
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Konukoglu
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Obek
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Kural
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000975:Antioxidants; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000009:adverse effects; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000201:enzymology; D005260:Female; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016877:Oxidants; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002273:Carcinogens; D016877:Oxidants; D005982:Glutathione Transferase