title: Synaptically activated ca2+ release from internal stores in CNS neurons.
abstract: Synaptically activated postsynaptic [Ca2+]i increases occur through three main pathways: Ca2+ entry through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ entry through ligand-gated channels, and Ca2+ release from internal stores. The first two pathways have been studied intensively; release from stores has been the subject of more recent investigations. Ca2+ release from stores in CNS neurons primarily occurs as a result of IP3 mobilized by activation of metabotropic glutamatergic and/or cholingergic receptors coupled to PLC. Ca2+ release is localized near spines in Purkinje cells and occurs as a wave in the primary apical dendrites of pyramidal cells in the hippocampus and cortex. The amplitude of the [Ca2+]i increase can reach several micromolar, significantly larger than the increase due to backpropagating spikes. The large amplitude, long duration, and unique location of the [Ca2+]i increases due to Ca2+ release from stores suggests that these increases can affect specific downstream signaling mechanisms in neurons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York 10595, USA. ross@nymc.edu
authors.forename: William N
authors.initials: WN
authors.lastname: Ross
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Larkum
authors.forename: Nechama
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lasser-Ross
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000166:cytology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D013569:Synapses / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002118:Calcium