title: Brown-Séquard syndrome following removal of a cerebrospinal fluid drainage catheter after thoracic aortic surgery.
abstract: Neurological deficit remains a devastating complication of thoracic aortic surgery despite advances in methods to protect the spinal cord from ischemia. Various techniques have been used, including the combination of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) drainage and distal aortic perfusion to decrease the incidence of postoperative neurological deficit. These deficits are usually bilateral and result in paraplegia. In this case report we present a patient with Type B aortic dissection and thoracoabdominal aortic aneurysm repair with insertion of a lumbar CSF drainage catheter. Postoperatively, the patient developed unilateral neurological features consistent with Brown-Séquard syndrome after removal of the CSF catheter. The lumbar cerebrospinal fluid catheter was reinserted and the CSF was drained. Medullary T6-7 signal abnormalities were seen on spinal cord magnetic resonance imaging, and we suggest that the spinal cord suffered a direct injury during catheter removal. The patient had an uneventful recovery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We describe a patient who developed unilateral neurologic features suggestive of Brown-Sequard syndrome following removal of a cerebrospinal fluid catheter after thoracic aortic surgery. We suggest that the spinal cord was injured during catheter removal. The catheter was reinserted and the patient had a full neurologic recovery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Michigan, Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan.
authors.forename: Madhusudan Rao
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Puchakalaya
authors.forename: Kevin K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Tremper
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000601:surgery*; D018437:Brown-Sequard Syndrome / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D002404:Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000502:physiology*; D004322:Drainage / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures