title: The effects of leukocyte-type 12/15-lipoxygenase on Id3-mediated vascular smooth muscle cell growth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  12/15-lipoxygenase (12/15-LO) has been implicated in the pathogenesis of vascular disease. Vascular smooth muscle cell (VSMC) proliferation is a key component of the response to injury in vascular disease. The role of 12/15-LO in regulating VSMC proliferation is poorly understood. Id3 has been shown to regulate growth in various cell types and is expressed in VSMCs within atherosclerotic and restenotic lesions. This study examines the role of Id3 in 12/15-LO-mediated VSMC proliferation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Primary aortic VSMCs from leukocyte-type 12/15-LO transgenic, leukocyte-type 12/15-LO knockout (KO), and control mice were plated in equal densities and assayed for growth, Id3 protein expression, and Id3 transcription. Results demonstrated that 12/15-LO transgenic VSMCs grew faster, whereas 12/15-LO KO VSMCs grew slower relative to control VSMCs. Further, pharmacological and molecular inhibition of 12/15-LO resulted in decreased VSMC growth. Western blots demonstrated increased Id3 protein in 12/15-LO transgenic VSMCs, whereas luciferase promoter reporter assays revealed increased Id3 transcription. In addition, overexpression of 12/15-LO increased growth in control cells but not in Id3 KO cells. 12/15-LO transgenic VSMCs demonstrated increased protein kinase C (PKC) activity. Consistent with these data, PKC inhibition decreased Id3 promoter activation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  12/15-LO is an important mediator of VSMC growth. The growth-promoting effects of 12/15-LO are at least partially mediated through induction of Id3 transcription.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Division, University of Virginia Health Sciences Center, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
authors.forename: Angela M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Ross
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hanchett
authors.forename: Rama
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Natarajan
authors.forename: Catherine C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hedrick
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Forrest
authors.forename: Jerry L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Nadler
authors.forename: Coleen A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: McNamara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta / Q000166:cytology; D001092:Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D001093:Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051796:Inhibitor of Differentiation Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: C475064:12-15-lipoxygenase; D051796:Inhibitor of Differentiation Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C067679:Idb3 protein, mouse; D001092:Arachidonate 12-Lipoxygenase; D001093:Arachidonate 15-Lipoxygenase; D011493:Protein Kinase C