title: Apoptosis in rat jejunal mucosa is regulated partly through the central nervous system, which controls feeding behavior.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate whether central nervous system-related feeding behavior regulates mucosal apoptosis in rat small intestines.
  
  
  METHODS
  The test solutions used in this study were an H(1) receptor antagonist (chlorpheniramine maleate), 2-deoxy-D-glucose, leptin, and 1-deoxy-D-glucosamine (2-amino-1,5-anhydro-2-deoxy-D-glucitol). Test solutions were injected into the third cerebroventricles of rats. Feeding behavior and jejunal apoptosis were evaluated both with and without truncal vagotomy. Intestinal apoptosis was evaluated by percentage fragmented DNA, electrophoresis, and TUNEL staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Chlorpheniramine and 2-deoxy-D-glucose elicited feeding, whereas leptin and 1-deoxy-D-glucosamine suppressed feeding. The test solutions, which elicited feeding (0.24 and 24 micromol/rat of chlorpheniramine and 2-deoxy-D-glucose, respectively), suppressed mucosal apoptosis in the rat jejunum 1 h after cerebroventricular infusion. In contrast, the test solutions, which suppressed feeding (8 and 24 micromol/rat of leptin and 1-deoxy-D-glucosamine, respectively), induced jejunal mucosal apoptosis 3 h after infusion. The effects of the test solutions on feeding behavior and changes in apoptosis were not affected by truncal vagotomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The central nervous system, which regulates feeding behavior, might control intestinal function through the regulation of intestinal apoptosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Saga Medical School, Nabeshima, Saga 849-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Taisan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakata
authors.forename: Akifumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ootani
authors.forename: Takehiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujise
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsunada
authors.forename: Sadahiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amemori
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Danjo
authors.forename: Fumie
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Yasuhisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakata
authors.forename: Ryuichi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Iwakiri
authors.forename: Shuji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toda
authors.forename: Kazuma
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujimoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D001923:Brain Chemistry; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002744:Chlorpheniramine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D003847:Deoxyglucose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000502:physiology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation*; D007583:Jejunum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation* / Q000378:metabolism; D020738:Leptin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014628:Vagotomy
chemical_list: D006634:Histamine H1 Antagonists; D020738:Leptin; D002744:Chlorpheniramine; D003847:Deoxyglucose