title: Biomimetic porous scaffolds with high elasticity made from mineralized collagen--an animal study.
abstract: Histological investigations of a new hydroxyapatite-collagen composite material were carried out to evaluate its possible suitability as a bone substitute. The three-dimensional scaffolds made from biomimetically mineralized collagen exhibit an interconnecting pore structure and elastic mechanical properties. They were implanted into the subcutaneous tissue and bone defects made in the femur of rats and harvested with the surrounding tissue at 1, 2, 4, 8, and 12 weeks after surgery. The materials implanted in the subcutaneous tissue were covered by fibrous connective tissue with a slight inflammatory response, and many foreign-body giant cells were observed on the surface of the scaffolds. Most of the material implanted in the subcutaneous tissue was resorbed at 8 weeks by phagocytosis. In the bone defects, new bone formation was observed on the surface of the material at 1 week. New bone increased with time, and osteoclasts were seen on the surface of the scaffolds at 2 weeks. Resorption and replacement by new bone of many parts of the materials implanted in the femur were observed by 12 weeks. These responses occurred faster than those of other hydroxyapatite-collagen composites. The results suggested that the new biomimetically mineralized collagen scaffolds were suitable as an implant material for bone-tissue reconstruction.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 7, Kita-Ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan. yokoyama@den.hokudai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Atsuro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gelinsky
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawasaki
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kohgo
authors.forename: Ulla
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: König
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Pompe
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Watari
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic; D002122:Calcium Chloride / Q000737:chemistry; D002417:Cattle; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D003460:Crystallization; D017886:Durapatite / Q000378:metabolism; D004548:Elasticity; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D008297:Male; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D016062:Porosity; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D024042:Collagen Type I; D017886:Durapatite; D002122:Calcium Chloride