title: Relapse of T-cell all after stem cell transplant presenting as hypertrophic cardiomyopathy: the value of non-invasive diagnostic imaging in detecting cardiac leukemia.
abstract: We describe a 14-year-old female with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) with a mediastinal mass at diagnosis who developed hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HC) after stem cell transplantation (SCT). During refractory relapse after SCT using bone marrow from her HLA-matched sibling, she underwent whole thorax irradiation because of pleural effusion and a recurrent mediastinal mass. After a second SCT using peripheral blood from the same donor, she developed HC suspected to be related to tacrolimus. However, isolated cardiac relapse was finally diagnosed by several non-invasive imaging techniques. Cardiac irradiation resolved her cardiac failure, though she eventually developed progressive and fatal hematological disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, South-1, West-16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Japan. thori@sapmed.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tsukasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hori
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mizue
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hatakeyama
authors.forename: Motoki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takamuro
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsutsumi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000209:etiology*; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015459:Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000628:therapy; D017254:Leukemic Infiltration / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D012008:Recurrence; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed