title: Endoscopic management of pediatric brain tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Primary endoscopic procedures for children with intraventricular brain tumors include endoscopic tumor biopsy and endoscopic tumor removal. The simultaneous treatment of hydrocephalus with endoscopic third ventriculostomy (ETV) or endoscopic septostomy increases the appeal of a minimally invasive endoscopic approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty-five patients who underwent endoscopic management of an intraventricular brain tumor were identified from a prospective database. Of these patients, 26 were younger than 21 years of age at the time of diagnosis. The surgical technique, its success rate, and patient outcome were assessed. Illustrative cases are used in this study to detail the procedure of endoscopic tumor biopsy and resection. Endoscopic tumor procedures were successful in 96% of cases (23 of 24 endoscopic tumor biopsy samples and both endoscopic tumor removals). Fourteen simultaneous procedures were performed to treat hydrocephalus successfully. There was no recognized morbidity from the surgical procedures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endoscopic surgery in children with intraventricular brain tumors is an effective and safe method for sampling of the lesion and, in select cases, its resection. This minimally invasive technique should be considered in situations in which the patient might thereby avoid a more conventional procedure, given the high rate of success and low morbidity associated with endoscopic management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA. mmsouwei@med.cornell.edu
authors.forename: Mark M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Souweidane
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000601:surgery; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D010372:Pediatrics; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome