title: Ultrasonic liposuction in the treatment of gynecomastia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ultrasound-assisted liposuction is a technique that is widely used all over the body for minimal access lipectomy. Recently, it has been reported to be especially suitable for the treatment of gynecomastia. To date, however, there is only one published study that specifically addresses ultrasound-assisted liposuction as a treatment modality for gynecomastia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A review was undertaken of all the gynecomastia patients treated with ultrasound-assisted liposuction by a single surgeon over a 3-year period. Thirteen consecutive patients (aged 16 to 57 years) with bilateral, diffuse, soft to moderately firm gynecomastia were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no early postoperative complications of hematoma, seroma, infection, or thermal injury. Similarly, there were no treatment-induced asymmetries, contour deformities, or irregularities. One patient requested "touch-up" ultrasound-assisted liposuction for "residual" breast tissue several months after an initial satisfactory correction of chest contour. None of the patients required initial open-excision or skin-reduction procedures. Patients were asked to rate their cosmetic results in four categories on linear analogue scales with a maximal score of 10. The average scores were 9.1 for overall satisfaction, 9.2 for scars, 9.2 for shape, and 8.9 for improved self confidence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ultrasound-assisted liposuction is an effective treatment modality in patients with homogenous soft to moderately firm gynecomastia, giving good cosmetic results and a high level of patient satisfaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Addenbrooke University Hospital, Cambridge University Hospital's NHS Trust, Cambridge, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Elaine L B
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Hodgson
authors.forename: Birgit H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Fruhstorfer
authors.forename: Charles M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Malata
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D006177:Gynecomastia / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D015187:Lipectomy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy