title: Total arterial myocardial revascularization using composite and sequential grafting with the off-pump technique.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Multiple arterial myocardial revascularizations are increasingly undertaken using off-pump techniques; however, various arterial grafting techniques are utilized. This study aimed to review the outcome of combining arterial composite and sequential grafting with off-pump techniques.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the records of 107 consecutive patients who underwent coronary bypass surgery with off-pump and arterial composite grafting techniques between April 2001 and March 2004. The left internal thoracic artery (LITA) was harvested in all patients, and the right internal thoracic artery (RITA), the radial artery (RA), and the gastroepiploic artery (GEA) were harvested in 69 patients, in 83 patients, and in 53 patients, respectively. Early postoperative angiograms were evaluated in 97 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 488 distal anastomoses, an average of 4.5 per patient. Forty-four in situ LITAs were used as LITA Y-composite grafts with a free RITA (n = 19), RA (n = 24), or free GEA (n = 1). Forty-three in situ RITAs were used as RITA-RA grafts (n = 42) or a RITA-GEA graft (n = 1). Twenty-one in situ GEAs were used as composite grafts with the RA (n = 17) or a free RITA (n = 4). There were no hospital deaths. The patency of the LITA was 100%, and that of the RA was 97.3%, while patencies of both in situ and free RITA and GEA were 100%. During the follow-up period (mean: 22.1 months), there were 3 late deaths, but none were cardiac related.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Total arterial revascularization with composite and sequential grafting is a safe and effective technique in patients undergoing off-pump coronary artery bypass surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Shin-Tokyo Hospital, Chiba, Japan. tm-fukui@gem.hi-ho.ne.jp
authors.forename: Toshihiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukui
authors.forename: Shuichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takanashi
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hosoda
authors.forename: Shigefumi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suehiro
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D047549:Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump; D005260:Female; D024405:Gastroepiploic Artery / Q000637:transplantation; D006801:Humans; D007387:Internal Mammary-Coronary Artery Anastomosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000601:surgery*; D017534:Radial Artery / Q000637:transplantation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome