title: Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia and chronic diffuse osteomyelitis Report of a simultaneous presentation and review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Infection, neoplasia and bone dysplasias cause alteration in bone architecture. Florid cemento-osseous dysplasia (FCOD) and chronic diffuse osteomyelitis (CDO) are two independent disease processes that may have overlapping clinical and radiographic characteristics. Differential diagnosis can be crucial, as the course of each process and its clinical management varies.
  
  
  METHODS
  A patient reported to the oral and maxillofacial radiology clinic at the University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey's New Jersey Dental School with a complaint of chronic pain in the mandible. One of the authors (S.R.S.) obtained a panoramic radiograph. Later, the patient underwent computerized tomographic examination and biopsy. On the basis of the clinical, radiographic and histopathologic examinations, the authors made diagnoses of CDO and FCOD. The bilateral presentation of CDO along with the simultaneous presence of FCOD and these conditions' vivid radiographic appearances make this case highly unusual.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Multiple, simultaneous processes can yield an atypical radiographic appearance seen on routine radiographic examinations. Characteristics unique to each process are used to make the differential diagnoses. FCOD can make the mandible more susceptible to osteomyelitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Sciences, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, New Jersey Dental School, Newark 07101, USA. singerst@umdnj.edu
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Singer
authors.forename: Muralidhar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mupparapu
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rinaggio
mesh_terms: D001706:Biopsy; D002485:Cementoma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008336:Mandibular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008339:Mandibular Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed