title: Finite element modelling of human head injuries caused by a fall.
abstract: Finite element models (FEMs) can be used as prediction tools for human head injuries caused by falls. The purpose of this paper is to demonstrate the relevance of using human head FEM to assess the possible mechanism for the origin of head injuries. The FEM of the human head used in this study was developed in the late 1990s at the University Louis Pasteur of Strasbourg (ULP) and has been validated for human head impacts for simulating human head injuries caused by car accidents. Its use in legal medicine appears to be very useful for comparing different injury mechanisms. We present the simulation obtained for two witnessed falls of the same individual, and compare our results to tolerance limits of the main human head injuries. We show that this tool can be used to discuss the possible mechanism of injury encountered for the observed lesions in a forensic case. It can also help to distinguish between possible and impossible human head injury mechanisms.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Médecine Légale, 11 rue Humann, 67085 Strasbourg, France. Jean-Sebastien.Raul@iml-ulp.u-strasbg.fr
authors.forename: Jean-Sébastien
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Raul
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Baumgartner
authors.forename: Rémy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Willinger
authors.forename: Bertrand
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ludes
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000150:complications; D003198:Computer Simulation; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D005554:Forensic Medicine; D016489:Head Injuries, Closed / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008954:Models, Biological