title: [Analysis on synergistic action between estrogen, progesterone and human papillomaviruses in cervical cancer].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the effects of estrogen (E(2)) and progesterone (P) on cervical cancer and the synergistic action between estrogen, progesterone and human papillomaviruses (HPV).
  
  
  METHODS
  Hoted-start polymerase chain reaction (HS-PCR) was used to detect HPVs, HPV16 and ELISA was used to assay E(2) and P on 141 cases with cervical cancer and on 129 healthy controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Positive rates of HPVs and HPV16 were 75.2% and 46.8% respectively in cervical cancer group, significantly higher than that in controls. Levels of estrogen and progesterone in case group were significantly higher than that in controls and a dose-responded relationship between the levels of estrogen and cervical cancer was revealed. Estrogen and HPV showed an additive interaction in the development of cervical cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HPV16 infection played a principal role in the development of cervical cancer. The high levels of entogenous estrogen could increase the risk of cervical cancer and might serve as a cofactor in the development of HPV-induced cervical cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Public Health College, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan 030001, China.
authors.forename: Jin-tao
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Er-sheng
authors.initials: ES
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Yu-ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Jian-wen
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ding
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004967:Estrogens / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16 / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood*; D012307:Risk Factors; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D004967:Estrogens; D011374:Progesterone