title: Schoolteachers' awareness about scholastic performance and nutritional status of Egyptian schoolchildren.
abstract: Malnutrition disorders affect more than 30% of schoolchildren in Egypt. This problem appears to be largely attributable to poor dietary quality and micronutrient deficiencies, such as iron and vitamin A. Inadequate nutrition intake has important implications because malnutrition has been shown to negatively affect the cognitive development of primary schoolchildren. This study assesses the awareness of schoolteachers about the impact of malnutrition on the scholastic performance of primary schoolchildren living in Egypt. Two focus group discussions were conducted with Egyptian schoolteachers from the Quena and Kharbia Governorates. The study indicates that schoolteachers consider low body weight and thinness as the primary signs of malnutrition. They do not prioritize malnutrition as a factor for poor scholastic performance. They also suggest that unhealthful eating habits, especially a lack of breakfast, negatively affect children's interaction with schoolteachers and their ability to excel in their studies. Schoolteachers endorse a more reliable and nutritionally valuable school-feeding program as a way to increase the scholastic performance of their students. The teachers advocate developing integrated programs between the Ministry of Education, the Ministry of Health and Population, teachers, children, and parents that provide nutrition education. A lack of awareness among teachers about the relationship of nutrition and cognitive function can lead to the misdiagnosis or delayed management of malnourished and scholastically challenged schoolchildren. This paper suggests that proper school-feeding programs and nutrition education programs, which integrate government ministries, teachers, children and parents, should be developed to improve the physical and cognitive health status of Egyptian schoolchildren.
authors.affiliation: University of California, School of Public Health, Los Angeles, California 90095-1772, USA. ogalal@ucla.edu
authors.forename: Osman M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Galal
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ismail
authors.forename: Azza S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Gohar
authors.forename: Zoë
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Foster
mesh_terms: D000041:Absenteeism; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D015362:Child Nutrition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D053198:Child Nutrition Sciences / Q000193:education* / Q000502:physiology; D004522:Educational Status; D004534:Egypt; D005178:Faculty; D005260:Female; D005522:Food Services / Q000458:organization & administration* / Q000592:standards; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D012574:Schools