title: [Simulation of airbag impact on eyes after trabeculectomy by finite element analysis method].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A finite element computer model of the human eye after trabeculectomy was used in an experiment of simulated airbag ocular injury.
  
  
  METHODS
  A half-layer-incised scleral flap was created on the limbus and the strength of its adhesion to the outer sclera was set at 30%, 50% and 100%. The simulations were performed at a workstation using the finite element analysis program PAM CRASH (Nihon ESI, Tokyo, Japan), and the airbag was set to hit the surface of the post-trabeculectomy eye at various velocities in two directions, straight to the corneal center or straight to the scleral flap.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the case of airbag impact on the corneal center, the scleral flap was unlikely to rupture except when the airbag impact velocity was 40 m/sec. In the case of airbag impact on the scleral flap, at the lowest impact velocity of 20 m/sec, partial scleral flap rupture was likely to occur only at the lower adhesion strength, and scleral laceration extending to the posterior sclera was observed at impact velocities of over 30 m/sec.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These simulation results suggest that current airbags may induce globe rupture in eyes after trabeculectomy treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Japan.
authors.forename: Mikako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Azukisawa
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kamezawa
authors.forename: Eiichi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.forename: Tadayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishide
authors.forename: Kazuaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kadonosono
authors.forename: Eiichi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Uchio
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Goto
mesh_terms: D017278:Air Bags / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003315:Cornea; D005131:Eye Injuries / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D012421:Rupture; D012590:Sclera / Q000293:injuries*; D012984:Software; D014130:Trabeculectomy; D014949:Wounds, Nonpenetrating / Q000209:etiology*