title: Predictors of schizophrenia: evidence from the Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort and other sources.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Subtle motor, emotional, cognitive and behavioural abnormalities are often present in apparently healthy individuals who later develop schizophrenia, suggesting that some aspects of causation are established before overt psychosis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To outline the development of schizophrenia.
  
  
  METHODS
  We drew on evidence from The Northern Finland 1966 Birth Cohort supplemented by selected findings from other relevant literature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The main known risk factors in development of schizophrenia are genetic causes, pregnancy and delivery complications, slow neuromotor development, and deviant cognitive and academic performance. However, their effect size and predictive power are small.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  No powerful risk factor, premorbid sign or risk indicator has been identified that is useful for the prediction of schizophrenia in the general population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Oulu, PO Box 5000, Finland. matti.isohanni@oulu.fi
authors.forename: Matti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Isohanni
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lauronen
authors.forename: Kristiina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moilanen
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Isohanni
authors.forename: Liisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kemppainen
authors.forename: Hannu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koponen
authors.forename: Jouko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Miettunen
authors.forename: Pirjo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mäki
authors.forename: Sami
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Räsänen
authors.forename: Juha
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Veijola
authors.forename: Pekka
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tienari
authors.forename: Karl-Erik
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Wahlberg
authors.forename: Graham K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Murray
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D012307:Risk Factors; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D012737:Sex Factors