title: ATP-sensitive potassium channelopathies: focus on insulin secretion.
abstract: ATP-sensitive potassium (K(ATP)) channels, so named because they are inhibited by intracellular (ATP), play key physiological roles in many tissues. In pancreatic beta cells, these channels regulate glucose-dependent insulin secretion and serve as the target for sulfonylurea drugs used to treat type 2 diabetes. This review focuses on insulin secretory disorders, such as congenital hyperinsulinemia and neonatal diabetes, that result from mutations in K(ATP) channel genes. It also considers the extent to which defective regulation of K(ATP) channel activity contributes to the etiology of type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: University Laboratory of Physiology, Oxford University, Oxford, United Kingdom. frances.ashcroft@physiol.ox.ac.uk
authors.forename: Frances M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Ashcroft
mesh_terms: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000378:metabolism*; D054086:KATP Channels; D024661:Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000099161:Kcnj11 Channel
chemical_list: D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D007328:Insulin; D054086:KATP Channels; D024661:Potassium Channels, Inwardly Rectifying; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds; D000099161:Kcnj11 Channel; C092520:uK-ATP-1 potassium channel