title: Inhibition of Src kinase activity by Ad-mda7 suppresses vascular endothelial growth factor expression in prostate carcinoma cells.
abstract: The ability of an adenoviral vector expressing the melanoma differentiation-associated gene-7 (Ad-mda7) to mediate inhibition of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has recently been reported. However, the molecular mechanism by which Ad-mda7 inhibits VEGF is unknown. In an attempt to elucidate this mechanism, we studied the effects of Ad-mda7 on VEGF expression using human prostate cancer cells as a model. We found that Ad-mda7 treatment of prostate cancer cells (LNCaP and DU145) in vitro resulted in a significant (P < 0.05) inhibition of VEGF expression. Analysis of the VEGF signaling pathway showed that Ad-mda7 inhibited c-Src kinase activity and abrogated STAT-3 binding to the VEGF promoter. Correlating with these observations were reductions in VEGF mRNA and protein levels in Ad-mda7-treated cells. Furthermore, Ad-mda7 inhibited VEGF in Src(+/+) but not in Src(-/-) mouse embryo fibroblasts. These results showed that Ad-mda7 inhibited VEGF by inhibiting the Src signaling pathway. Finally, conditioned medium from Ad-mda7-treated tumor cells containing reduced VEGF inhibited VEGF receptor signaling, resulting in reduced endothelial cell proliferation and apoptosis. Our results provide evidence for the mechanism by which Ad-mda7 inhibits VEGF in tumor cells and of the effects of this VEGF inhibition on endothelial cell proliferation, a requirement for angiogenesis. Our findings demonstrate that MDA-7 protein, in addition to inhibiting tumor angiogenesis directly, inhibits angiogenesis indirectly by inhibiting VEGF production by tumor cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Cynthia D
authors.initials: CD
authors.lastname: Branch
authors.forename: Gary E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Gallick
authors.forename: Sunil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chada
authors.forename: Rajagopal
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramesh
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D016391:Genes, src / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007378:Interleukins / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000188:drug therapy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D000099180:Interleukin-24
chemical_list: D007378:Interleukins; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D019061:src-Family Kinases; D000099180:Interleukin-24; C467484:VEGFA protein, human