title: Suppressive effect of astaxanthin isolated from the Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous mutant on ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats.
abstract: Ethanol has been found to induce ulcerative gastric lesion in humans. The present study investigated the in vivo protective effect of astaxanthin isolated from the Xanthophyllomyces dendrorhous mutant against ethanol-induced gastric mucosal injury in rats. The rats were treated with 80% ethanol for 3 d after pretreatment with two doses of astaxanthin (5 and 25 mg/kg of body weight respectively) for 3 d, while the control rats received only 80% ethanol for 3 d. The oral administration of astaxanthin (5 and 25 mg/kg of body weight) showed significant protection against ethanol-induced gastric lesion and inhibited elevation of the lipid peroxide level in gastric mucosa. In addition, pretreatment with astaxanthin resulted in a significant increase in the activities of radical scavenging enzymes such as superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase. A histologic examination clearly indicated that the acute gastric mucosal lesion induced by ethanol nearly disappeared after pretreatment with astaxanthin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul 136-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jeong-Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seok-Keun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Sang-Yun
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Han-Kyeom
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyo-Ihl
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000431:Ethanol / Q000633:toxicity*; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D024341:Xanthophylls; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D024341:Xanthophylls; D019207:beta Carotene; D000431:Ethanol; D008315:Malondialdehyde; C005948:astaxanthine; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase