title: Genetic polymorphisms of cytochrome P450 in patients with hepatitis C virus-associated hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The carcinogenic process can be modulated by exposure to endogenous or environmental substance(s) acting as carcinogens or protocarcinogens. Polymorphic enzymes of cytochrome P450 (CYP) that play a role in detoxication/toxication of such substances via metabolization may account for the interpatient variability of clinical course in cancers such as hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Many CYP genetic polymorphisms, which may change enzyme activity, are known to exist in Japanese. The aim of the present study was to compare the frequencies of CYP polymorphisms between hepatitis C virus (HCV)-related HCC patients and healthy subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven mutant alleles and related genotypes of CYP in 44 HCV-positive HCC patients were chosen as follows: *1C heterozygous, *1C homozygous and *1F homozygous for CYP1A2, *4A homozygous for CYP2A6, *2A or *3 heterozygous, *2A or *3 homozygous and *2A and *3 heterozygous for CYP2C19, and *10/*5 homozygous for CYP2D6. These mutant alleles have been reported to change the CYP enzyme activity in Japanese. The frequencies of the mutant alleles and genotypes were then compared with those reported in healthy Japanese.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is no statistically significant difference in genetic mutant alleles between the two groups, except for the genotype of CYP2A6*4A homozygous. The frequency of this genotype in the HCC patients (0.144) is significantly higher than that in healthy Japanese (0.034; P < 0.05; odds ratio 3.36). The clinical significance related to HCC is unknown. Further evaluation of CYP2A6*4A (deletion type) in HCV-related HCC patients is required.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Daisan Hospital, Jikei University School of Medicine, Komae, Tokyo 201-8601, Japan.
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mochizuki
authors.forename: Shigeto
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sanjo
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Setsuko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akizuki
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000201:enzymology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D065637:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2A6; D065731:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; D019389:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000208:ethnology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009154:Mutation; D016017:Odds Ratio; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; C504573:CYP1A2 protein, human; C585710:CYP2A6 protein, human; C045793:CYP2C19 protein, human; D019388:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A2; D065637:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2A6; D065731:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; D019389:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2D6