title: Middle infrared, quantum cascade laser optoelectronic absorption system for monitoring glucose in serum.
abstract: Advances in middle infrared technology are leading researchers beyond the Fourier transform infrared spectrometer and to the quantum cascade laser. While most research focuses on gas-phase detection, recent research explores its use for condensed-phase matter studies. This work investigates its use for monitoring biologically relevant samples of glucose in serum. Samples with physiological glucose concentrations were monitored with a laser at 1036 cm-1. A 0.992 R2 linearity value was observed. In addition, using another laser at 1194 cm-1 as a measure of the background spectroscopic characteristics, a linearity of 0.998 R2 was observed. The average predictive standard errors of the mean (SEM) were 32.5 and 24.7 mg/dL, respectively, for each method. Quantum cascade lasers could be used to develop middle infrared devices for uses beyond the confines of the laboratory.
authors.affiliation: University of Alabama at Birmingham, Department of Biomedical Engineering, 1075 13th St. S, Suite 370, AL 35294, USA. bmartin@medicraft.com
authors.forename: W Blake
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Sergey
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mirov
authors.forename: Ramakrishna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Venugopalan
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004582:Electronics, Medical; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007834:Lasers; D055095:Optics and Photonics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D011789:Quantum Theory; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013055:Spectrophotometry, Infrared / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose