title: Long-term protection from SARS coronavirus infection conferred by a single immunization with an attenuated VSV-based vaccine.
abstract: Although the recent SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) that appeared in 2002 has now been contained, the possibility of re-emergence of SARS-CoV remains. Due to the threat of re-emergence, the overall fatality rate of approximately 10%, and the rapid dispersion of the virus via international travel, viable vaccine candidates providing protection from SARS are clearly needed. We developed an attenuated VSV recombinant (VSV-S) expressing the SARS coronavirus (SARS-CoV) spike (S) protein. In cells infected with this recombinant, S protein was synthesized, glycosylated at approximately 17 Asn residues, and transported via the Golgi to the cell surface. Mice vaccinated with VSV-S developed SARS-neutralizing antibody and were able to control a challenge with SARS-CoV performed at 1 month or 4 months after a single vaccination. We also demonstrated, by passive antibody transfer, that the antibody response induced by the vaccine was sufficient for controlling SARS-CoV infection. A VSV-vectored SARS vaccine could have significant advantages over other SARS vaccine candidates described to date.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06510, USA.
authors.forename: Sagar U
authors.initials: SU
authors.lastname: Kapadia
authors.forename: John K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lamirande
authors.forename: Leatrice
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vogel
authors.forename: Kanta
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Subbarao
authors.forename: Anjeanette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roberts
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000917:Antibody Formation; D002460:Cell Line; D006224:Cricetinae; D017931:DNA Primers; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D007668:Kidney; D051379:Mice; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D045473:Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D045169:Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / Q000276:immunology*; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014721:Vesicular stomatitis Indiana virus / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014765:Viral Vaccines