title: Differences between the pre-menopausal and post-menopausal uterine fibroid vasculature.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To quantitatively examine differences in microvascular density between fibroid and myometrial tissue from fibroid uteri removed at hysterectomy, both before and after the menopause, and with hormone replacement therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Factor VIII immunostaining of formalin fixed tissues was used to identify blood vessels, and the vessels counted by an investigator blinded to tissue type or menopausal status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean myometrial: fibroid MVD ratio was 2.38 higher in the post-menopausal group (95% CI: 0.12, 4.65, p=0.0474) than in the pre-menopausal group, with the hormone therapy (HT)-using post-menopausal group lying in between. An increase in microvascular density in the myometrium after the menopause was responsible for most of the change in ratios seen between the pre and post-menopausal pairs. There was a trend to increasing myometrial MVD with increasing number of years post-menopause.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Myometrial microvascular density increases markedly after the menopause, while fibroid microvascular density does not alter. Thus, the difference between myometrial and fibroid vasculature becomes greater after the menopause. The implications of this for the treatment of fibroids in post-menopausal women is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Center for Women's Health Research, Monash University, Level 5 Monash Medical Center, 246 Clayton Road, Clayton, Vic. 3168, Australia. gareth.weston@med.monash.edu.au
authors.forename: G C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Weston
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cattrall
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lederman
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Vollenhoven
authors.forename: P A W
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Rogers
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005260:Female; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007889:Leiomyoma / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000187:drug effects; D009215:Myometrium / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D017698:Postmenopause; D017697:Premenopause; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology