title: TRIBUTE: a phase III trial of erlotinib hydrochloride (OSI-774) combined with carboplatin and paclitaxel chemotherapy in advanced non-small-cell lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Erlotinib is a potent reversible HER1/epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) tyrosine kinase inhibitor with single-agent activity in patients with non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC). Erlotinib was combined with chemotherapy to determine if it could improve the outcome of patients with NSCLC.
  
  
  METHODS
  TRIBUTE randomly assigned patients with good performance status and previously untreated advanced (stage IIIB/IV) NSCLC to erlotinib 150 mg/d or placebo combined with up to six cycles of carboplatin and paclitaxel, followed by maintenance monotherapy with erlotinib. Random assignment was stratified by stage, weight loss in the previous 6 months, measurable disease, and treatment center. The primary end point was overall survival (OS). Secondary end points included time to progression (TTP), objective response (OR), and duration of response.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 1,059 assessable patients (526 erlotinib; 533 placebo). Median survival for patients treated with erlotinib was 10.6 v 10.5 months for placebo (hazard ratio, 0.99; 95% CI, 0.86 to 1.16; P = .95). There was no difference in OR or median TTP. Patients who reported never smoking (72 erlotinib; 44 placebo) experienced improved OS in the erlotinib arm (22.5 v 10.1 months for placebo), though no other prespecified factors showed an advantage in OS with erlotinib. Erlotinib and placebo arms were equivalent in adverse events (except rash and diarrhea).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Erlotinib with concurrent carboplatin and paclitaxel did not confer a survival advantage over carboplatin and paclitaxel alone in patients with previously untreated advanced NSCLC. Never smokers treated with erlotinib and chemotherapy seemed to experience an improvement in survival and will undergo further investigation in future randomized trials.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, USA.
authors.forename: Roy S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Herbst
authors.forename: Diane
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prager
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hermann
authors.forename: Lou
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Fehrenbacher
authors.forename: Bruce E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sandler
authors.forename: Mark G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Kris
authors.forename: Hai T
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Tran
authors.forename: Pam
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ramies
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Vincent A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000069347:Erlotinib Hydrochloride; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010919:Placebos; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D010919:Placebos; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011799:Quinazolines; D016190:Carboplatin; D000069347:Erlotinib Hydrochloride; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D017239:Paclitaxel