title: Compatibility and stability of dexamethasone sodium phosphate and ketamine hydrochloride subcutaneous infusions in polypropylene syringes.
abstract: The stability of ketamine hydrochloride injection and dexamethasone sodium phosphate injection, when mixed and stored in polypropylene syringes, was studied. Formulations containing ketamine hydrochloride (50 mg or 600 mg) and dexamethasone sodium phosphate (1 mg) in 0.9% sodium chloride injection (to 14 ml) were prepared and stored at 4 degrees C, 23 degrees C, and 37 degrees C, under normal fluorescent light conditions, for 192 hours. The concentrations of the drugs were determined at 0, 2, 4, 8, 24, 48, 96, and 192 hours using a validated high-pressure liquid chromatography method. The pH, color, and visible particles of each solution were also assessed at each time point. All formulations tested maintained more than 98% of the initial concentrations of both drugs, and no degradation products were detected. The solutions remained clear and colorless and the pH varied within 0.05 units throughout 192 hours. The results indicate that, at the concentrations studied, combinations of ketamine hydrochloride and dexamethasone sodium phosphate in 0.9% sodium chloride injection were physically and chemically stable for at least 192 hours (8 days) when stored in polypropylene syringes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Mei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Morton
authors.forename: Colin G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Cable
authors.forename: Dorothy A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: McArthur
mesh_terms: D045424:Complex Mixtures / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical / Q000379:methods; D004355:Drug Stability; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D007649:Ketamine / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D011126:Polypropylenes; D013594:Syringes
chemical_list: D045424:Complex Mixtures; D004338:Drug Combinations; D011126:Polypropylenes; C004180:dexamethasone 21-phosphate; D007649:Ketamine; D003907:Dexamethasone