title: Frequency-correlated decreases of motor cortex activity associated with subthalamic nucleus stimulation in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: According to the classical model of basal ganglia organization, deep brain stimulation (DBS) in the subthalamic nucleus (STN) for the treatment of Parkinson's disease (PD) blocks overactive excitatory projections to inhibitory basal ganglia output structures. This would release the break on thalamofrontal neurons alleviating the poverty of movement, the hallmark of PD. Such parallels to a functional lesion certainly simplify the mechanism of STN DBS. Here, we applied parametric analyses of H2(15)O positron emission tomography (PET) scans at rest while systematically varying stimulation frequency in 6 patients with STN DBS for akinetic PD. A strong positive correlation of rCBF to increasing stimulation frequency was detected around the STN bilaterally. More importantly, we show that gradual increases in STN stimulation frequency are tightly correlated with decreases in motor cortex activity. This demonstrates an active modulation of resting activity within the subcortical stimulation target and within motor cortex by STN DBS. Rather than a possible downstream effect, we propose to consider the tight correlations between DBS frequency and motor cortex activity in the context of an upstream modulation of direct efferents to the STN from primary motor and premotor cortices.
authors.affiliation: Neurologische Klinik, TU-München, Möhlstrasse 28, D-81675 München, Germany. b.haslinger@lrz.tu-muenchen.de
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Haslinger
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kalteis
authors.forename: Henning
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Boecker
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Alesch
authors.forename: Andrés O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Ceballos-Baumann
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000502:physiology; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D013238:Stereotaxic Techniques; D020531:Subthalamic Nucleus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*