title: Cross-reactive protection against influenza A virus by a topically applied DNA vaccine encoding M gene with adjuvant.
abstract: The skin is rich with immunocompetent cells and therefore immunization through the skin is an attractive alternative to the invasive vaccination methods currently used. In this study the backs of mice were gently shaved, hydrated, and painted with a DNA vaccine encoding influenza M protein with adjuvant. The immunized mice were then challenged with two mouse-adapted strains of the influenza virus A: A/PR/8/34 (H1N1) and A/Udorn/72 (H3N2). This adjuvanated and topically applied DNA vaccine efficiently induced cytotoxic as well as humoral immune response and provide cross-reactive protection against several strains of influenza A virus. For better protection against virus infection, it will be necessary to select and combine the DNA vaccine with an appropriate adjuvant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology Yokohama City University School of Medicine, Yokohama, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomomi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ozaki
authors.forename: Masaomi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yauchi
authors.forename: Ke-Qin
authors.initials: KQ
authors.lastname: Xin
authors.forename: Fumiki
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hirahara
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okuda
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D003429:Cross Reactions; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D014611:Vaccination; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; C488936:M1 protein, Influenza A virus; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins; D007371:Interferon-gamma