title: Grazing-exit and micro X-ray fluorescence analyses for chemical microchips.
abstract: Grazing-exit x-ray fluorescence (GE-XRF) and micro x-ray fluorescence (micro-XRF) methods were applied to chemical microchips as a detection method. Since an energy-dispersive x-ray detector was used, the simultaneous detection of multiple elements was possible. An analyzing region was especially designed on the microchip so that a sample solution could be dried and concentrated in a suitable area corresponding to the size of the primary x-ray beam. Finally, it was confirmed that both analytical methods could be combined well for use with a microchip. In GE-XRF, the background intensity in the XRF spectrum was reduced at grazing-exit angles. In addition, a good relationship between the x-ray fluorescence intensities and the concentrations of standard solutions that were introduced into the microchip was obtained. This indicates that the GE-XRF method is feasible for trace elemental analysis in chemical microchip systems. In micro-XRF, an attempt was made to concentrate and dry the analyte within a small analyzing region. The preliminary results indicated that the micro-XRF method could be applied for the analysis of microchips.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry, Graduate School of Engineering, Osaka City University (OCU), Sugimoto 3-3-138, Sumiyoshi-ku, Osaka 558-8585, Japan. tsuji@a-chem.eng.osaka-cu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kouichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Emoto
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishida
authors.forename: Eiichiro
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tamaki
authors.forename: Yoshikuni
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kikutani
authors.forename: Akihide
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hibara
authors.forename: Takehiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kitamori