title: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha and neuronal development.
abstract: Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNFalpha) is a prototypic inflammatory cytokine up-regulated in most if not all neurodegenerative diseases. Many studies have reported variable roles in the adult or pathological brain. In contrast, the implication of TNFalpha in developmental neuronal cell death has been well documented in few studies. In sympathetic and trigeminal neurons, TNFalpha acts in an autocrine manner to induce immediate cell death on neurotrophic factor deprivation. In the spinal cord, TNFalpha is transiently produced by macrophages and commits motoneurons to become competent to die 2 days later. TNFalpha is also likely to induce immediate and delayed prodeath effects in adult and pathological tissues. Data obtained in embryonic systems will thus help to develop new therapeutic approaches to pathological neuronal death in adults.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biologie Cellulaire de la Synapse Normale et Pathologique, INSERM U497 Ecole Normale Supérieure, Paris, France. alain.bessis@ens.fr
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bessis
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bernard
authors.forename: Antoine
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Triller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016923:Cell Death / Q000502:physiology; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000166:cytology* / Q000254:growth & development; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha