title: Evaluation of nonsurgical treatment of atlantoaxial subluxation in dogs: 19 cases (1992-2001).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate long-term neurologic outcome in dogs with atlantoaxial subluxation (AAS) that were treated nonsurgically with a cervical splint.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  19 dogs with AAS and managed with a cervical splint.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records from 2 university hospitals were reviewed. Information pertaining to trauma, duration of clinical signs prior to admission, medical treatments prior to admission, results of neurologic and physical examinations at the time of admission, results of laboratory testing, results of diagnostic imaging, neurologic status at the time of discharge, duration of time the cervical splint was used for treatment, and neurologic status at the time of splint removal and at a final reexamination was extracted from the medical records. Long-term outcome was defined as neurologic status greater than or equal to 1 year after splint removal. Factors associated with a good or poor long-term outcome were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A good final outcome was reported in 10 of 16 dogs. Median duration of clinical signs prior to referral was 30 days; dogs that were affected < or = 30 days were significantly more likely to have a good long-term outcome, compared with dogs affected > 30 days. The neurologic grade at admission, radiographic appearance of the dens, age at onset of clinical signs, and history were not associated with outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nonsurgical management of AAS by use of a cervical splint is a viable treatment modality for young dogs with a first episode of acute-onset clinical signs, regardless of the severity of neurologic deficits at admission.
authors.affiliation: Department of Small Animal Medicine and Surgery, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Georgia, Athens, GA 30602-7390, USA.
authors.forename: Marc E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Havig
authors.forename: Karen K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Cornell
authors.forename: Julia C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Hawthorne
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: McDonnell
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Selcer
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001268:Atlanto-Axial Joint / Q000293:injuries*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D004285:Dogs; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000628:therapy / Q000662:veterinary*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013165:Splints / Q000662:veterinary*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome