title: Condom effectiveness for prevention of Chlamydia trachomatis infection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A growing body of evidence is increasingly demonstrating the effectiveness of condoms for sexually transmitted infection (STI) prevention. The purpose of the present analysis was to provide a disease specific estimate for the effectiveness of condoms in preventing Chlamydia trachomatis infection while controlling for known exposure to infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Condom effectiveness for C trachomatis was estimated using a medical record database from a public sexually transmitted disease clinic (n = 1455). Clients were classified as having known exposure to C trachomatis if they presented to the clinic as a contact to an infected partner.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among clients with known exposure, 13.3% of consistent condom users were diagnosed with C trachomatis infection compared to 34.4% of inconsistent condom users (adjusted odds ratio = 0.10; 95% CI: 0.01 to 0.83). Among clients with unknown exposure, there was no observed protective effect of condoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study provides further evidence that condoms are effective in preventing C trachomatis infection by reporting a disease specific estimate and restricting analyses to individuals with known exposure.
authors.affiliation: Yale University School of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, 60 College Street, PO Box 208034 New Haven, CT 06520-8034, USA. linda.niccolai@yale.edu
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Niccolai
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rowhani-Rahbar
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jenkins
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Dunne
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis; D017280:Condoms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012747:Sexual Partners