title: Effect of age at cochlear implantation on open-set word recognition in Mandarin speaking deaf children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine whether age at cochlear implantation influences open-set speech perception in children after long-term use of the implant device.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight congenitally deafened children, receiving implants of Nucleus CI24M devices, were divided into two groups: (1) CI < 3: those who received implants before 3 years of age and (2) CI > 3: those who received implants after 3 years of age. We compared open-set speech perception in CI < 3 and CI > 3 after 4-5 years of device use. Speech perception tests were conducted using the Mandarin Lexical Neighborhood Test (M-LNT). Unpaired t-test was applied for statistical analysis, and p < 0.05 was considered significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In CI < 3, the average of percent correct was 80.0 +/- 8.8 and 70.5 +/- 9.2% on, respectively, the easy and hard versions of the M-LNT. By contrast, in CI > 3, the average percent correct was 62.5 +/- 19.9 and 59.1 +/- 15.2%, respectively. Regardless of the M-LNT version used, CI < 3 performed significantly better than CI > 3 (easy, p = 0.005 versus hard, p = 0.022).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present investigation demonstrated that age at implantation influences open-set speech perception of cochlear implanted children 4-5 years after device connection. Implantation before 3 years of age promotes the development of open-set speech perception abilities in congenitally deafened children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Medical College, National Cheng Kung University Hospital, Tainan, Taiwan. jiunn@mail.ncku.edu.tw
authors.forename: Jiunn-Liang
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Cheng-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Hui-Mei
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yi-Hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Lin
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019929:Cochlear Implantation; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D003638:Deafness / Q000151:congenital* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D021641:Recognition, Psychology; D013067:Speech Perception / Q000502:physiology*