title: Vision and hearing impairment in aged care clients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the frequency of sensory impairments among aged care clients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined 188 persons aged 65-99 years being evaluated for aged care services at a geriatric assessment center, west of Sydney, Australia. Visual acuity was measured using a LogMAR chart. Visual impairment was defined in the better eye: mild < 20/40 to > or = 20/80, moderate < 20/80 to > or = 20/200, and severe < 20/200. Hearing function was assessed by portable pure-tone air-conduction audiometry. Hearing loss was defined using average hearing thresholds in the better ear: mild > 25 to < or = 40 decibels (dB), moderate > 40 to < or = 60dB, and severe > 60dB.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vision, hearing, or both were randomly tested in 96, 93, and 49 aged care clients, respectively. Vision impairment was found in 30.2% of clients. Distance vision could be improved with pinhole in 16.7% of 84 clients with presenting VA < 20/20. Moderate to severe hearing loss was present in 50.5%. Combined sensory impairment was detected in 22.5% of persons having both tests. The age-standardized proportions with vision impairment was 25.6%, higher than the rate (17.4%) found in the Blue Mountains Eye Study (BMES) community population, but lower than the 37.7% prevalence reported from the BMES nursing home sample. Hearing impairment was also more common in aged care clients (28.1% vs 17.5%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests a high prevalence of sensory impairment among older persons transitioning from independent community living to institutionalized care.
authors.affiliation: School of Applied Vision Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia.
authors.forename: Jeanette
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jee
authors.forename: Jie Jin
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Kathryn A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lindley
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Landau
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mitchell
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D005260:Female; D006299:Health Services for the Aged / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006311:Hearing Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009517:New South Wales / Q000453:epidemiology; D019986:Persons with Hearing Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D015995:Prevalence; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014787:Vision Tests; D019987:Persons with Visual Disabilities / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*