title: Hyperorality in epileptic seizures: periictal incomplete Klüver-Bucy syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze systematically hyperorality associated with epileptic seizures and its relation to the localization of epileptic activity.
  
  
  METHODS
  To identify patients with periictal hyperorality, we reviewed video-recordings of 269 patients (aged 6-59 years) who had consecutively undergone presurgical evaluations including ictal video-EEG recordings and high-resolution magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and had had epilepsy surgery because of intractable frontal (FLE) or temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). Periictal hyperorality was defined if patients put or unambiguously intended to put nonfood items into their mouths during or after at least one of the reviewed seizures. For the further analysis, we included only patients with periictal hyperorality. We reviewed their medical records and reexamined their ictal video-EEG recordings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified eight patients (six women) aged 8-59 years who had hyperorality during or after seizures. Seven patients had TLE, and one patient had frontal lobe epilepsy (FLE). Three of these patients underwent right-sided surgery, whereas five patients had surgery on the left. Three patients exhibited ictal and five showed postictal hyperorality. Interictal EEG suggested bilateral interictal epileptiform discharges (IEDs) in three patients; in two other patients, no IEDs were detected. Ictal EEG suggested bilateral involvement in six cases. Patients with unilateral epileptiform activity had left TLE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Periictal hyperorality is a rare phenomenon occurring in 3% of the investigated epilepsy population. We suggest that periictal hyperorality is an ictal-postictal mental disturbance, an incomplete Klüver-Bucy syndrome. In most patients, bilateral seizure activity plays an important role in the pathomechanism, but it would appear that left-sided epileptic activity without contralateral involvement also can cause periictal hyperorality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary. janszky@index.hu
authors.forename: Jozsef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Janszky
authors.forename: Andras
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fogarasi
authors.forename: Vafa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Magalova
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tuxhorn
authors.forename: Alois
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ebner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001332:Automatism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002648:Child; D015897:Comorbidity; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D017034:Epilepsy, Frontal Lobe / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery; D004833:Epilepsy, Temporal Lobe / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D020232:Kluver-Bucy Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011300:Preoperative Care; D014743:Videotape Recording