title: Detection of antiviral antibodies using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
abstract: Following retroviral infection, specific antibodies against viral proteins may be detected in the blood, urine, milk, or saliva of an infected animal. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is the most commonly used method to screen for antiviral antibodies, as the technique is sensitive, reproducible, relatively inexpensive, and easily adapted to large-scale screening. This chapter describes two independent ELISA techniques. The first uses a recombinant biotinylated viral protein antigen expressed in E. coli that is purified directly on streptavidin-coated plastic wells. The second uses fixed "virus-infected" cultured cells and can be used either as a second confirmatory assay or initially in a small-scale screening to identify potentially infected individuals for further study.
authors.forename: Ingrid G
authors.initials: IG
authors.lastname: Winkler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D002415:Cats; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002460:Cell Line; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology; D015151:Immunoblotting; D016089:Immunodeficiency Virus, Feline / Q000276:immunology*; D010957:Plasmids; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence; D016092:Spumavirus / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D004279:DNA, Viral; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins