title: Pleiotropic mechanisms of virus survival and persistence.
abstract: Viruses are enormously efficient infectious agents that have been implicated in causing human disease for centuries. Transmission of these pathogens continues to be from one life form to another in the form of isolated cases, epidemics, and pandemics. Each infection requires entry into a susceptible host, replication, and evasion of the immune system. Viruses are successful pathogens because they target specific cells for their attack, exploit the cellular machinery, and are efficient in circumventing and/or inhibiting key cellular events required of survival. This article reviews some of the advances that have taken place in human virology in the past 50 years, emphasizing mechanisms that contribute to, and are involved with, virus survival and persistence.
authors.affiliation: Section of Oral Medicine, Center for Oral Health Research, College of Dentistry, and Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington 40536-0297, USA.
authors.forename: Craig S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Miller
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000502:physiology; D007372:Interferons / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D011991:Receptors, Virus / Q000502:physiology; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D016662:Virus Integration / Q000502:physiology*; D017735:Virus Latency / Q000502:physiology; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D061945:Caspase Inhibitors; D011991:Receptors, Virus; D014764:Viral Proteins; D007372:Interferons