title: Patterns of radiographic changes in hands and feet of rheumatoid arthritis in Saudi Arabia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to characterize the pattern of radiographic changes in the hands and feet of rheumatoid arthritis in Saudi patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  The radiographs of hands and feet of rheumatoid arthritis patients attending rheumatology outpatient clinics of King Khalid University Hospital in Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia, over the period extending from March to June 2001, were examined and reported for the presence of osteopenia, joint space narrowing, and erosions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-six rheumatoid arthritis patients were studied. Their mean age was 50 + 1.9 years, and mean disease duration was 9.07 + 0.84 years. Generalized osteopenia was seen in 16/56 (29%) and periarticular osteopenia in 38/56 (68%). Joint space narrowing was present in 9/56 (16%) of feet and 35/56 (63%) of hand x-rays. Erosions were seen in 3/56 (6%) of feet and in 22/56 (39%) of hand x-rays. Significant correlation was seen between joints space narrowing, joint erosions, and disease duration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Radiographic changes in hands and feet of Saudi rheumatoid arthritis patients are less severe than those reported from the West, and the pattern is also different with less affection of the feet.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, King Khalid University Hospital, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. asarfaj@ksu.edu.sa
authors.forename: Abdurhman S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Al-Arfaj
authors.forename: Ahmad A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Al-Boukai
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D005260:Female; D005528:Foot / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006225:Hand / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D012529:Saudi Arabia