Comparison of mother-to-child transmission rates in Ugandan women with subtype A versus D HIV-1 who received single-dose nevirapine prophylaxis: HIV Network For Prevention Trials 012.
OBJECTIVE
To compare the rate of mother-to-child transmission (MTCT) in women with subtype A versus D HIV-1 who received single-dose nevirapine (NVP).


METHODS
The MTCT rates were compared in women with subtype A versus D at birth and at 8 weeks and 18 months of age of the infants. The rate of late MTCT (after 8 weeks of age) was also analyzed.


RESULTS
HIV-1 subtypes were determined for 300 of 306 women who received NVP in the HIV Network for Prevention Trials 012 study (158 women with subtype A and 105 women with subtype D). Infant infection status was known for 297 women. The cumulative rate of MTCT at 18 months was 13.2% for subtype A and 18.3% for subtype D (P=0.34). The rate of late transmission was 3.8% for subtype A and 7.6% for subtype D (P=0.28). Maternal baseline viral load was a significant predictor of MTCT, but maternal baseline CD4 cell count and subtype were not.


CONCLUSIONS
No significant difference was observed in the rate of MTCT in women with subtype A versus D. There was a trend toward a higher rate of MTCT among women with subtype D, however, which was also apparent among women whose infants were infected after 8 weeks of age.
Eshleman
Susan H
SH
Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. seshlem@jhmi.edu
Guay
Laura A
LA
Mwatha
Anthony
A
Brown
Elizabeth
E
Musoke
Philippa
P
Mmiro
Francis
F
Jackson
J Brooks
JB
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019829:Nevirapine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011247:Pregnancy; D014454:Uganda; D019562:Viral Load
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D019829:Nevirapine