Swine and poultry pathogens: the complete genome sequences of two strains of Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and a strain of Mycoplasma synoviae.
This work reports the results of analyses of three complete mycoplasma genomes, a pathogenic (7448) and a nonpathogenic (J) strain of the swine pathogen Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae and a strain of the avian pathogen Mycoplasma synoviae; the genome sizes of the three strains were 920,079 bp, 897,405 bp, and 799,476 bp, respectively. These genomes were compared with other sequenced mycoplasma genomes reported in the literature to examine several aspects of mycoplasma evolution. Strain-specific regions, including integrative and conjugal elements, and genome rearrangements and alterations in adhesin sequences were observed in the M. hyopneumoniae strains, and all of these were potentially related to pathogenicity. Genomic comparisons revealed that reduction in genome size implied loss of redundant metabolic pathways, with maintenance of alternative routes in different species. Horizontal gene transfer was consistently observed between M. synoviae and Mycoplasma gallisepticum. Our analyses indicated a likely transfer event of hemagglutinin-coding DNA sequences from M. gallisepticum to M. synoviae.
Vasconcelos
Ana Tereza R
AT
Centro de Biotecnologia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, Prédio 43421, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
Ferreira
Henrique B
HB
Bizarro
Cristiano V
CV
Bonatto
Sandro L
SL
Carvalho
Marcos O
MO
Pinto
Paulo M
PM
Almeida
Darcy F
DF
Almeida
Luiz G P
LG
Almeida
Rosana
R
Alves-Filho
Leonardo
L
Assunção
Enedina N
EN
Azevedo
Vasco A C
VA
Bogo
Maurício R
MR
Brigido
Marcelo M
MM
Brocchi
Marcelo
M
Burity
Helio A
HA
Camargo
Anamaria A
AA
Camargo
Sandro S
SS
Carepo
Marta S
MS
Carraro
Dirce M
DM
de Mattos Cascardo
Júlio C
JC
Castro
Luiza A
LA
Cavalcanti
Gisele
G
Chemale
Gustavo
G
Collevatti
Rosane G
RG
Cunha
Cristina W
CW
Dallagiovanna
Bruno
B
Dambrós
Bibiana P
BP
Dellagostin
Odir A
OA
Falcão
Clarissa
C
Fantinatti-Garboggini
Fabiana
F
Felipe
Maria S S
MS
Fiorentin
Laurimar
L
Franco
Gloria R
GR
Freitas
Nara S A
NS
Frías
Diego
D
Grangeiro
Thalles B
TB
Grisard
Edmundo C
EC
Guimarães
Claudia T
CT
Hungria
Mariangela
M
Jardim
Sílvia N
SN
Krieger
Marco A
MA
Laurino
Jomar P
JP
Lima
Lucymara F A
LF
Lopes
Maryellen I
MI
Loreto
Elgion L S
EL
Madeira
Humberto M F
HM
Manfio
Gilson P
GP
Maranhão
Andrea Q
AQ
Martinkovics
Christyanne T
CT
Medeiros
Sílvia R B
SR
Moreira
Miguel A M
MA
Neiva
Márcia
M
Ramalho-Neto
Cicero E
CE
Nicolás
Marisa F
MF
Oliveira
Sergio C
SC
Paixão
Roger F C
RF
Pedrosa
Fábio O
FO
Pena
Sérgio D J
SD
Pereira
Maristela
M
Pereira-Ferrari
Lilian
L
Piffer
Itamar
I
Pinto
Luciano S
LS
Potrich
Deise P
DP
Salim
Anna C M
AC
Santos
Fabrício R
FR
Schmitt
Renata
R
Schneider
Maria P C
MP
Schrank
Augusto
A
Schrank
Irene S
IS
Schuck
Adriana F
AF
Seuanez
Hector N
HN
Silva
Denise W
DW
Silva
Rosane
R
Silva
Sérgio C
SC
Soares
Célia M A
CM
Souza
Kelly R L
KR
Souza
Rangel C
RC
Staats
Charley C
CC
Steffens
Maria B R
MB
Teixeira
Santuza M R
SM
Urmenyi
Turan P
TP
Vainstein
Marilene H
MH
Zuccherato
Luciana W
LW
Simpson
Andrew J G
AJ
Zaha
Arnaldo
A
D000818:Animals; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D015321:Gene Rearrangement; D022761:Gene Transfer, Horizontal; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D023281:Genomics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009175:Mycoplasma Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D045705:Mycoplasma hyopneumoniae / Q000235:genetics*; D045805:Mycoplasma synoviae / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D045729:Pneumonia of Swine, Mycoplasmal / Q000382:microbiology*; D011200:Poultry; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D013552:Swine