title: Development of controlled release spheroids using natural polysaccharide as release modifier.
abstract: A polysaccharide hydrogel was isolated from the seeds of Tamarindus indica (tamarind) and was used as release modifier for the preparation of diclofenac sodium spheroids, using extrusion-spheronization technique. The process was studied for the effect of variables to arrive at spheroids with satisfactory particle shape, size and size-distribution. The prepared spheroids were characterized for surface morphology, qualitative surface porosity, friability, bulk density, and flow properties. The in vitro release studies exhibited a zero-order release kinetics that was confirmed by Higuchi's and Peppas' models. A credible correlation was obtained among swelling index, viscosity, surface roughness of the polysaccharide, and in vitro dissolution profile of the spheroids. In the comparative bioavailability study, we found that the developed spheroids were able to sustain the drug release over 8 hr and could improve the extent of absorption and bioavailability of the drug.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, J.S.S. College of Pharmacy, Tamilnadu, India. gtkulkarni2003@yahoo.co.in
authors.forename: Giriraj T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gowthamarajan
authors.forename: Rohan R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Dhobe
authors.forename: Fenni
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yohanan
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Suresh
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001682:Biological Availability; D002214:Capsules; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004355:Drug Stability; D006801:Humans; D020100:Hydrogels; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008863:Microspheres; D010316:Particle Size; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D013607:Tablets; D029861:Tamarindus / Q000737:chemistry; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods*; D013997:Time Factors; D014783:Viscosity
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D002214:Capsules; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D020100:Hydrogels; D011134:Polysaccharides; D013607:Tablets; D004008:Diclofenac