title: Symptomatic urinary tract infections following voiding cystourethrography.
abstract: The objective of this study was to assess the frequency of symptomatic urinary tract infections (UTIs) following voiding cystourethrography (VCUG) while using prophylactic antibiotics. Medical records of 421 patients who underwent a VCUG during a period of 4 years were reviewed. Three hundred forty-nine had a VCUG following a febrile UTI, and 72 had the test for evaluation of hydronephrosis. All received prophylactic antibiotics and were evaluated within 7-10 days following the VCUG. One hundred seventy-two children (41%) had an abnormal VCUG. Seven of 421 children (1.7%) had symptoms suggestive of UTI. Two had culture negative pyuria; one had Escherichia Coli UTI, and four had Pseudomonas aeruginosa UTI. On multivariate logistic regression analysis, the risk factors contributing to the development of UTI following VCUG were the presence of vesicoureteral reflux (VUR) and its severity (odds ratio [OR] 2.52; 95% confidence interval [CI] 2.24, 2.83, p =0.001; and OR 2.32; 95% CI 2.05,2.62, p =0.04, respectively). The incidence of VCUG-induced UTI in children receiving prophylactic antibiotic therapy is low. There is a relatively high rate of Pseudomonas UTI, especially in children with moderate to severe reflux. We recommend that children with symptoms suggesting a UTI following a VCUG should be treated for Pseudomonas aeruginosa pending culture results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Assaf Harofeh Medical Center, 70300 Zerifin, Israel.
authors.forename: Marianna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rachmiel
authors.forename: Mordechay
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aladjem
authors.forename: Ruth
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Starinsky
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Strauss
authors.forename: Yael
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goldman
mesh_terms: D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014567:Urography / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology