title: Molecular characteristics of HIV type 1 circulating in São Paulo, Brazil.
abstract: Partial sequences of HIV-1 polymerase from 185 patients, 141 ARV experienced and 44 naive, of gag (p24) and env (C2V3) from a subset of naive cases were evaluated in São Paulo, Brazil. Antiretroviral resistance mutations were detected in 4% of 26 recently (<2 years) infected patients. Polymorphisms at the protease gene were common both in contemporary and pre-HAART era isolates, some significantly associated with the viral clade. HIV-1 clade B was preponderant, in 79%, with 11% clade F and one case of HIV-1 C. Recently infected women had a significantly higher proportion of non-B clade HIV-1. A mosaic pol was observed in 9%, all B/F except for one G mosaic. A CRF-12-BF structure, observed in 20% of B/F pol mosaics, provides evidence for an epidemic relationship in the major South American metropolitan areas.
authors.affiliation: Retrovirus Laboratory, Virology Service, Adolfo Lutz Institute, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luis F M
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Brígido
authors.forename: Heitor M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: Renata M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Custódio
authors.forename: Carmen A F
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: João Leandro
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: P Ferreira
authors.forename: Margareth
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eira
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bergel
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Araújo
authors.forename: Jose R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Carvalheiro
authors.forename: Rosangela
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D001938:Brazil; D017931:DNA Primers; D005260:Female; D015686:Gene Products, env / Q000235:genetics; D015683:Gene Products, gag / Q000235:genetics; D015684:Gene Products, pol / Q000235:genetics; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000821:virology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000145:classification*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D015686:Gene Products, env; D015683:Gene Products, gag; D015684:Gene Products, pol