title: Rapid identification of Candida albicans and its related species Candida stellatoidea and Candida dubliniensis by a single PCR amplification using primers specific for the repetitive sequence (RPS) of Candida albicans.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Candidiasis is caused by several Candida species, of which Candida stellatoidea and C. dubliniensis are phenotypically close to C. albicans. Although current molecular biology-based techniques can distinguish between C. albicans and C. dubliniensis, a convenient tool that can distinguish C. stellatoidea from C. albicans has not yet been developed.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To develop a system that can simply, rapidly and specifically distinguish C. albicans from the related Candida species C. stellatoidea and C. dubliniensis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genomic DNAs were purified from various yeast species and amplified by primers specific for the repetitive sequence (RPS) of C. albicans. The PCR products were purified and sequenced in order to test the specificity of the PCR amplification.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The PCR primers only amplified several products from C. albicans, C. stellatoidea and C. dubliniensis. Sequence analysis of the products revealed that C. stellatoidea and C. dubliniensis both had RPSs including alt repeats, similar to C. albicans. After the PCR amplification, each of the three Candida species showed a unique amplification profile. Furthermore, RFLP analysis of the PCR products using EcoRI and ClaI produced species-specific restriction profiles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This PCR-based technique targeting the alt repeats in the RPS is useful as a tool for the rapid identification and distinction of C. albicans, C. stellatoidea and C. dubliniensis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Mycology and Medicine, Department of Advanced Medical Science, Center for Neurological Disease and Cancer, Nagoya Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Showa-ku, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan. tkanbe@med.nagoya-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanbe
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurimoto
authors.forename: Hisao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002175:Candida / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D017931:DNA Primers; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers