title: Ischaemic skeletal muscle increases serum ischaemia modified albumin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ischaemia modified albumin (IMA) has been used as a marker of myocardial ischaemia but little is known about its production during ischaemia of other tissues. The clinical models of patients with intermittent claudication and major arterial surgery were used to investigate IMA production from ischaemic skeletal muscle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  IMA was measured pre-operatively, at end ischaemia, and 5 min, 4, 24, 48, 72 and 144 h post-surgery in patients undergoing (a) revascularisation for intermittent claudication (IC, n=15), (b) abdominal aortic aneurysm repair (AAA, n=12) and controls (n=16).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median pre-operative IMA concentration in IC patients was significantly higher than the AAA group (88.3 versus 83.5 U/ml, p=0.036) and controls (88.3 versus 80.3 U/ml, p=0.031). IMA concentrations increased significantly during arterial clamping in both IC and AAA groups (88.3 versus 120.0 U/ml, p=0.001; 83.5 versus 118.8 U/ml, p=0.002, respectively) consistent with increased skeletal muscle ischaemia. In contrast, there was only a mild perioperative increase in the controls (80.3 versus 91.6 U/ml, p=0.012).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with intermittent claudication have significantly elevated IMA and skeletal muscle ischaemia during arterial surgery results in significantly increased circulating IMA. When IMA is used to detect myocardial ischaemia, ischaemic skeletal muscle must be excluded.
authors.affiliation: Vascular Surgical Unit, The General Infirmary at Leeds, Leeds, UK.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Troxler
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Homer-Vanniasinkam
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017544:Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / Q000601:surgery; D001157:Arterial Occlusive Diseases / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007383:Intermittent Claudication / Q000097:blood / Q000601:surgery; D007511:Ischemia / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply*; D012709:Serum Albumin / Q000378:metabolism*; D014648:Varicose Veins / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D012709:Serum Albumin