title: Long-term efficacy of hybrid pharmacologic and ablation therapy in patients with pilsicainide-induced atrial flutter.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Combination therapy with catheter ablation of the cavo-tricuspid isthmus and continued drug therapy, that is, "hybrid therapy," in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF) and drug-induced atrial flutter (AFL) is reported to be an alternative means of achieving and maintaining sinus rhythm. With respect to choosing this method among the rhythm control therapies, its long-term efficacy and the prevalence of AFL in patients with AF are very important and have not been fully elucidated.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the long-term effectiveness of this hybrid therapy and the dose prevalence in Ic drug-induced AFL.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjects were 89 patients (aged 62.4 years, 72 men) with episodes of AF (paroxysmal type: 65, persistent type: 11, permanent type: 13). After 4 weeks of oral pilsicainide administration, the dose was increased in those with no documented AFL. The patients who experienced AFL with pilsicainide (Ic-AFL) underwent ablation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pilsicainide administration resulted in the common type AFL in 17 patients (19.1%). The pilsicainide plasma concentration in the patients with Ic-AFL was significantly higher than in those without AFL (0.79 +/- 0.41 vs. 0.51 +/- 0.24 microg/ml, respectively, p < 0.01). During a 10-54 (mean 37 +/- 14) month follow-up period, sinus rhythm was maintained in 10 of 12 patients after successful ablation followed by continued antiarrhythmic drug administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hybrid therapy with ablation and high doses of pilsicainide was useful in maintaining sinus rhythm in some selected patients with AF and drug-induced AFL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, School of Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan. 0160.cvm@tmd.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kenzo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hirao
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okishige
authors.forename: Naohito
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Kenichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Otomo
authors.forename: Kouji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Azegami
authors.forename: Mitsuaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Isobe
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000188:drug therapy*; D001282:Atrial Flutter / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000628:therapy*; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004562:Electrocardiography; D022062:Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D026941:Sodium Channel Blockers; D008012:Lidocaine; C042288:pilsicainide