title: Relationship between probable nosocomial bacteraemia and organisational and structural factors in UK neonatal intensive care units.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the relationship between organisational and structural factors of UK neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) with risk adjusted probable nosocomial bacteraemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective observational study of infants concurrently admitted to 54 randomly selected UK NICUs between March 1998 and April 1999.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 13 334 infants admitted, 402 (2.97%) had probable nosocomial bacteraemia. The median unit level percentage of infants with probable nosocomial bacteraemia was 2.48% (minimum 0%, maximum 9%). The risk adjusted odds of probable nosocomial bacteraemia were increased by 1.13 (95% CI 1.07 to 1.20) for each additional level 1 cot per hand washbasin and decreased by 0.53 (95% CI 0.35 to 0.79) in infants admitted to units with an NICU infection control nurse compared with units without. There was no relation with an increase in the floor space of the unit per cot (odds ratio 0.99 (95% CI 0.98 to 1.00) per m(2)) or with the quality of hand washing signs (odds ratio 1.04 (95% CI 0.93 to 1.16) per increase in quality score).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is widespread variation in rates of probable nosocomial bacteraemia in UK NICUs. Probable nosocomial bacteraemia is reduced in units with a dedicated infection control nurse and with the presence of more hand washbasins. Further research is required to identify methods to eliminate nosocomial bacteraemia.
authors.affiliation: Health Services Research, School of Health and Related Research, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S1 4DA, UK. g.parry@sheffield.ac.uk
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Parry
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Tucker
authors.forename: W O
authors.initials: WO
authors.lastname: Tarnow-Mordi
mesh_terms: D016470:Bacteremia / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006235:Hand Disinfection; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D017053:Infection Control; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal / Q000458:organization & administration; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011897:Random Allocation; D020379:Risk Adjustment; D012449:Safety; D006113:United Kingdom