Dynamics of mammalian chromosome evolution inferred from multispecies comparative maps.
The genome organizations of eight phylogenetically distinct species from five mammalian orders were compared in order to address fundamental questions relating to mammalian chromosomal evolution. Rates of chromosome evolution within mammalian orders were found to increase since the Cretaceous-Tertiary boundary. Nearly 20% of chromosome breakpoint regions were reused during mammalian evolution; these reuse sites are also enriched for centromeres. Analysis of gene content in and around evolutionary breakpoint regions revealed increased gene density relative to the genome-wide average. We found that segmental duplications populate the majority of primate-specific breakpoints and often flank inverted chromosome segments, implicating their role in chromosomal rearrangement.
Murphy
William J
WJ
Department of Veterinary Integrative Biosciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA. wmurphy@cvm.tamu.edu
Larkin
Denis M
DM
Everts-van der Wind
Annelie
A
Bourque
Guillaume
G
Tesler
Glenn
G
Auvil
Loretta
L
Beever
Jonathan E
JE
Chowdhary
Bhanu P
BP
Galibert
Francis
F
Gatzke
Lisa
L
Hitte
Christophe
C
Meyers
Stacey N
SN
Milan
Denis
D
Ostrander
Elaine A
EA
Pape
Greg
G
Parker
Heidi G
HG
Raudsepp
Terje
T
Rogatcheva
Margarita B
MB
Schook
Lawrence B
LB
Skow
Loren C
LC
Welge
Michael
M
Womack
James E
JE
O'brien
Stephen J
SJ
Pevzner
Pavel A
PA
Lewin
Harris A
HA
D000818:Animals; D002415:Cats / Q000235:genetics; D002417:Cattle / Q000235:genetics; D002503:Centromere / Q000235:genetics; D043171:Chromosomal Instability; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D019457:Chromosome Breakage; D007446:Chromosome Inversion; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002877:Chromosomes, Human / Q000235:genetics; D033481:Chromosomes, Mammalian / Q000235:genetics*; D019295:Computational Biology; D004285:Dogs / Q000235:genetics; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D016678:Genome; D015894:Genome, Human; D006736:Horses / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008322:Mammals / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice / Q000235:genetics; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats / Q000235:genetics; D013552:Swine / Q000235:genetics; D026801:Synteny; D016615:Telomere / Q000235:genetics