title: Deficits in cortico-striatal synaptic plasticity and behavioral habituation in rats with portacaval anastomosis.
abstract: Hepatic encephalopathy is characterized by disturbances of motor and cognitive functions involving the basal ganglia. So far no standards for assessment of neuropsychiatric abnormalities (disorders of sleep, mood, anxiety and personality) in subclinical hepatic encephalopathy have been defined. Using an animal model of mild (subclinical) hepatic encephalopathy we investigated now striatum-related behaviors and cortico-striatal synaptic plasticity in rats 2 months after introduction of a portacaval shunt and sham-operated matched controls. In a novel open field portacaval shunt rats displayed less locomotor activity; unlike controls they also showed no habituation to the field and no recall of the field environment after 24 h, indicative of cognitive deficit. The elevated-plus maze test indicated no differences in fear/anxiety in the portacaval shunt animals. Tetanic stimulation of cortical afferents in magnesium-free solution evoked an N-methyl-D-aspartate-dependent long-term potentiation in sham-operated animals. In portacaval shunt animals long-term potentiation was significantly impaired. Histamine, a potent modulator of cortico-striatal transmission, induced a larger long-term depression of field potentials in control compared with portacaval shunt rats. In conclusion, a combination of electrophysiological and behavioral approaches has revealed functional changes in cortico-striatal transmission. These data are relevant for understanding the mechanisms of motor and cognitive dysfunctions in hepatic encephalopathy patients and for the development of precise psychometric tests, evaluating cognitive deficits in subclinical hepatic encephalopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurophysiology, Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany. olga.sergeeva@uni-duesseldorf.de
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Sergeeva
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Schulz
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Doreulee
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Ponomarenko
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Selbach
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Borsch
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kircheis
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Huston
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Häussinger
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Haas
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000502:physiology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006185:Habituation, Psychophysiologic / Q000502:physiology*; D006501:Hepatic Encephalopathy / Q000503:physiopathology; D006632:Histamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D017774:Long-Term Potentiation / Q000502:physiology; D036881:Long-Term Synaptic Depression / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000502:physiology; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D011167:Portacaval Shunt, Surgical / Q000009:adverse effects*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D006632:Histamine