Synaptically activated ca2+ release from internal stores in CNS neurons.
Synaptically activated postsynaptic [Ca2+]i increases occur through three main pathways: Ca2+ entry through voltage-gated Ca2+ channels, Ca2+ entry through ligand-gated channels, and Ca2+ release from internal stores. The first two pathways have been studied intensively; release from stores has been the subject of more recent investigations. Ca2+ release from stores in CNS neurons primarily occurs as a result of IP3 mobilized by activation of metabotropic glutamatergic and/or cholingergic receptors coupled to PLC. Ca2+ release is localized near spines in Purkinje cells and occurs as a wave in the primary apical dendrites of pyramidal cells in the hippocampus and cortex. The amplitude of the [Ca2+]i increase can reach several micromolar, significantly larger than the increase due to backpropagating spikes. The large amplitude, long duration, and unique location of the [Ca2+]i increases due to Ca2+ release from stores suggests that these increases can affect specific downstream signaling mechanisms in neurons.
Ross
William N
WN
Department of Physiology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, New York 10595, USA. ross@nymc.edu
Nakamura
Takeshi
T
Watanabe
Shigeo
S
Larkum
Matthew
M
Lasser-Ross
Nechama
N
D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000166:cytology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D013569:Synapses / Q000378:metabolism*
D002118:Calcium