title: Hypercalcemia syndrome. Coexisting hyperthyroidism, primary hyperparathyroidism and cancer of the gallbladder.
abstract: Hypercalcemia is a frequent finding in clinical practice. All possible causes must be considered in a patient with hypercalcemia. The association between both benign or malignant thyroid disease and primary hyperparathyroidism is well recognized. Up to 65% with primary hyperparathyroidism have associated thyroid abnormality. Hypercalcemia has also been associated with many malignant conditions. But, it is rarely seen in digestive tract cancer, such as carcinoma of gallbladder. Hypercalcemia syndrome is an absolutely rare entity. It is coexisting with hyperthyroidism, primary hyperparathyroidism and cancer of the gallbladder.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Suleyman Demirel University, School of Medicine, Isparta, Turkey. ibarutt@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Barut
authors.forename: Omer R
authors.initials: OR
authors.lastname: Tarhan
authors.forename: Celal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cerci
authors.forename: Nermin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Karahan
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000150:complications*; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005706:Gallbladder Neoplasms / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000209:etiology*; D006961:Hyperparathyroidism / Q000150:complications*; D006980:Hyperthyroidism / Q000150:complications*; D013577:Syndrome