title: [Intracytoplasmic sperm injection using cryopreserved-thawed testicular spermatozoa with testicular fine needle aspiration].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI) using cryopreserved-thawed testicular spermatozoa with testicular fine needle aspiration (TEFNA) in patients with non-obstructive azoospermia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-two patients underwent TEFNA. Mature testicular spermatozoa were found in 35 cases of patients and the testicular tissues were cryopreserved for later ICSI. Ovarian stimulation included a long protocol of GnRHa/FSH/hCG. Oocyte retrieval was performed under transvaginal ultrasound guidance, and ICSI conducted with cryopreserved-thawed testicular spermatozoa.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 35 couples underwent 35 ICSI cycles using cryopreserved-thawed testicular spermatozoa with testicular fine needle aspiration. The clinical pregnancy rate was 37.14% (13/35).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ICSI using cryopreserved-thawed testicular spermatozoa with testicular fine needle aspiration is a main and effective method in the treatment of non-obstructive azoospermia, which can avoid further testicular fine needle aspiration.
authors.affiliation: Assistant Reproductive Technology Center, Shanghai First Maternity and Infant Health Hospital, Shanghai 200040, China. tengxm@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Xiao-ming
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Teng
authors.forename: Li-ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Kun-ming
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hong-xia
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Jing-yu
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Shao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D015925:Cryopreservation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009845:Oligospermia / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012662:Semen Preservation; D020554:Sperm Injections, Intracytoplasmic / Q000379:methods*; D013737:Testis / Q000473:pathology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome