title: Determination and confirmation of five phenolic antioxidants in foods by LC/MS and GC/MS.
abstract: Identification and determination of butylated hydroxyanisole (BHA), butylated hydroxytoluene (BHT), nordihydroguaiaretic acid (NDGA), propyl gallate (PG) and tert-butylhydroquinone (TBHQ) by means of LC/MS and GC/MS were examined. These five phenolic antioxidants were detected as their pseudo-molecular ions [M-H]- by LC/MS using a Shim-pack FC-ODS column with drying gas. Moreover, BHA, BHT and TBHQ were detected based on their mass fragment ions by GC/MS. Decomposition of TBHQ, NDGA and PG during analysis could be prevented by the addition of L-ascorbic acid (AsA) to the extraction solvent. All five antioxidants were extracted from nikuman, olive oils, peanut butter, pasta sauce and chewing gum with a mixture of acetonitrile-2-propanol-ethanol (2:1:1) containing 0.1% AsA (AsA mixture), which had been cooled in a freezer and filtered. One part filtrate and 5 parts water were mixed and placed on a Mega-Bond Elut C18 cartridge, except in the case of chewing gum. Lipids in foods were removed on a C18 cartridge by washing with 5 mL of 5% acetic acid, and antioxidants were eluted with 5 mL of AsA mixture. The antioxidants spiked into nikuman, olive oil, peanut butter, pasta sauce and chewing gum were successfully identified and their concentrations determined by LC/MS, and GC/MS with good recoveries.
authors.affiliation: Division of Food Chemistry, Osaka Branch, National Institute of Health Sciences, Japan.
authors.forename: Sumiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsuji
authors.forename: Maki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakanoi
authors.forename: Hisaya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Terada
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Yasuhide
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tonogai
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D002083:Butylated Hydroxyanisole / Q000032:analysis; D002084:Butylated Hydroxytoluene / Q000032:analysis; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006873:Hydroquinones / Q000032:analysis; D009637:Masoprocol / Q000032:analysis; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D011435:Propyl Gallate / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D006873:Hydroquinones; D010636:Phenols; D002084:Butylated Hydroxytoluene; D002083:Butylated Hydroxyanisole; D009637:Masoprocol; D011435:Propyl Gallate; C018855:2-tert-butylhydroquinone; D001205:Ascorbic Acid