title: Mechanoreceptors rather than sedimentable amyloplasts perceive the gravity signal in hypergravity-induced inhibition of root growth in azuki bean.
abstract: Elongation of primary roots of azuki bean (Vigna angularis Ohwi et Ohashi) was suppressed under hypergravity conditions produced by centrifugation, such that the growth rate decreased in proportion to the logarithm of the magnitude of the gravity. The removal of the root cap did not influence the hypergravity-induced inhibition of root growth, although it completely inhibited the gravitropic root curvature. Lanthanum and gadolinium, blockers of mechanoreceptors, nullified the growth-inhibitory effect of hypergravity. These results suggest that the gravity signal for the hypergravity-induced inhibition of root growth is perceived independently from that of gravitropism, which involves amyloplasts as statoliths. Horizontal and basipetal hypergravity suppressed root growth as did acropetal hypergravity, all of which were nullified by the presence of lanthanum or gadolinium. These findings suggest that mechanoreceptors on the plasma membrane perceive the gravity signal independently of the direction of the stimuli and roots may utilise it to regulate their growth rate.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, Osaka City University, Osaka, Japan. soga@sci.osaka-cu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kouichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Soga
authors.forename: Kazuyuki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wakabayashi
authors.forename: Seiichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kamisaka
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hoson
mesh_terms: D002498:Centrifugation; D007887:Fabaceae; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000494:pharmacology; D006112:Gravitation; D018466:Gravity Sensing / Q000502:physiology*; D018471:Hypergravity; D007811:Lanthanum / Q000494:pharmacology; D008465:Mechanoreceptors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D018518:Plant Root Cap / Q000254:growth & development; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D018087:Plastids / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D036226:Seedlings; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; C028521:lanthanum chloride; D007811:Lanthanum; D005682:Gadolinium; C038958:gadolinium chloride