title: Informed choice in women attending private clinics to undergo first-trimester screening for Down syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Informed choice for prenatal screening has long been considered an essential aspect of service provision, and has been researched extensively in the second trimester. This study aims at examining whether women having first-trimester screening in a private clinic had made an informed choice.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey recruited women having first-trimester screening at specialist ultrasound practices. Two questionnaires containing a validated Multidimensional Measure of Informed Choice (MMIC) were self-administered pre- and post-screening.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MMIC was completed by 81% (163/202) of women. Ninety-nine percent of women had a positive attitude towards screening, therefore informed choice was essentially measured on knowledge alone. Pre-screening, 68% made an informed choice, compared with 74% post-screening (chi2 = 1.6, p = 0.21 (McNemar)). Knowledge was associated with education level, information sources and perception of screening as routine or optional.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Australasian Guidelines on prenatal screening state that all women having testing should be provided with written information, and it should be ensured that they have appropriate understanding of the test(s). These guidelines are not being met, even in private clinical care. Health professionals should ensure that all women are provided with suitable information about prenatal screening that is tailored to their level of education and individual needs, and should emphasise that screening is optional.
authors.affiliation: Public Health Genetics, Murdoch Childrens Research Institute, Parkville, Victoria, Australia. alice.jaques@mcri.edu.au
authors.forename: Alice M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Jaques
authors.forename: Leslie J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Sheffield
authors.forename: Jane L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Halliday
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002755:Choice Behavior; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004314:Down Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007258:Informed Consent; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000523:psychology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014739:Victoria