title: Tick, fly, and mosquito control--lessons from the past, solutions for the future.
abstract: In order to continue to produce livestock in a sustainable fashion, it is suggested that what was used in the past will continue to form the mainstay of future control. For the foreseeable future, we must conserve what we have, and use it in combination with all the principles of integrated pest management, namely strategic and focussed treatments of animals, environmental control of breeding sites, disease management (including the principles of enzootic stability), and resistant breeds. Whilst new technologies, such as the development of vaccines both against the insect pest in some cases or the disease they transmit in others, and genetic engineering hold out some hope for the future; these are not sufficiently well advanced to permit wholesale application.
authors.affiliation: Argos Veterinary Science (Pty) Ltd., P.O. Box 1726, Mt. Edgecombe 4300, South Africa. rose@nexcorp.co.za
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Peter
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Van den Bossche
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Penzhorn
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sharp
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004199:Disease Vectors; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005544:Forecasting; D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000662:veterinary; D006801:Humans; D007300:Insect Control / Q000639:trends*; D009032:Mosquito Control / Q000639:trends; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods; D013983:Tick Control / Q000639:trends*