title: Decreased plasma levels of soluble receptor for advanced glycation end-products in patients with essential hypertension.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Advanced glycation end-products (AGE) may cause vascular stiffening by forming crosslinks through the collagen molecule or by interaction with their cellular transductional receptor (RAGE). A secreted isoform of RAGE, termed soluble RAGE (sRAGE), may contribute to the removal/detoxification of AGE by acting as a decoy. Here we studied the plasma sRAGE levels in hypertensive and normotensive human subjects. We also investigated the relationship between blood pressure parameters and plasma sRAGE concentrations.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The outpatient clinic of a university teaching hospital. Participants were 147 never-treated patients with essential hypertension (87 men and 60 women, aged 50 +/- 10 years) and 177 normotensive controls (118 men and 59 women, aged 49 +/- 10 years).
  
  
  METHODS
  Plasma sRAGE levels determined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure, pulse pressure (PP) and mean arterial pressure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The plasma concentration of sRAGE [median (interquartile range)] was 1206 (879-1658) pg/ml in hypertensive subjects and 1359 (999-2198) pg/ml in normotensive controls (P = 0.002). Simple correlation analysis revealed that log-transformed sRAGE levels were inversely correlated with SBP (r = -0.11; P < 0.001) and PP (r = -0.23; P < 0.001). Forward-selection multiple regression analysis revealed that log-transformed sRAGE levels were determined more strongly by PP (F = 3.127, P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Plasma sRAGE levels are decreased in patients with essential hypertension and are inversely related to PP. Our results raise the possibility that sRAGE may play a role in arterial stiffening and its complications.
authors.affiliation: Interdepartmental Center for Research in Molecular Medicine (CIRMC), Department of Internal Medicine and Medical Therapeutics, IRCCS San Matteo Hospital, University of Pavia, Piazzale Golgi 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy. d.geroldi@smatteo.pv.it
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Geroldi
authors.forename: Colomba
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Falcone
authors.forename: Enzo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Emanuele
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: D'Angelo
authors.forename: Margherita
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Calcagnino
authors.forename: Maria P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Buzzi
authors.forename: Giuseppe A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Scioli
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fogari
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000097:blood* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011188:Potassium / Q000097:blood; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D014280:Triglycerides; D002784:Cholesterol; D012964:Sodium; D003404:Creatinine; D011188:Potassium