title: Cytogenetic analysis of patients with primary and secondary amenorrhoea in Hong Kong: retrospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the incidence and type of chromosomal abnormalities in patients with primary and secondary amenorrhoea in Hong Kong.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cytogenetic analysis and retrospective review.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical Genetic Service, Department of Health, Hong Kong.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case records of 549 patients with either primary (n=237) or secondary (n=312) amenorrhoea referred to the Clinical Genetic Service from 1 January 1991 to 30 April 2002 were reviewed. All these patients with amenorrhoea would have karyotyping (G banding) performed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical characteristics of patients, and incidence and type of chromosomal abnormalities in the local population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sex chromosome anomaly was found in 24.5% and 9.9%, respectively, of women with primary and secondary amenorrhoea. In those with primary amenorrhoea, male karyotype was identified in 8.4% and X-chromosome abnormalities in 16.0%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in women with amenorrhoea is similar to that reported in the literature. Chromosomal abnormalities are identified often enough to warrant karyotyping of all women with amenorrhoea.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Kwong Wah Hospital, 25 Waterloo Road, Hong Kong. wongsfmandy@hotmail.com
authors.forename: M S F
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: S T S
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Lam
mesh_terms: D000568:Amenorrhea / Q000145:classification / Q000209:etiology / Q000235:genetics*; D041321:Chromosomes, Human, X / Q000235:genetics; D020732:Cytogenetic Analysis; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012729:Sex Chromosome Aberrations