title: Human T helper (Th) cell lineage commitment is not directly linked to the secretion of IFN-gamma or IL-4: characterization of Th cells isolated by FACS based on IFN-gamma and IL-4 secretion.
abstract: Upon activation in vitro, only a fraction of the bulk human T helper cell cultures secret the hallmark Th1/2 cytokines (IFN-gamma for Th1 and IL-4 for Th2, respectively). It is uncertain whether these IFN-gamma-/IL-4- cells are differentiated Th1 or Th2 cells. Here, we have characterized live IFN-gamma+, IL-4+ and IFN-gamma-/IL-4- cells isolated from Th cell cultures treated under Th1 or Th2 polarizing conditions by employing affinity matrix capture technology. RNA samples from the sorted cells were analyzed by real time RT-PCR and microarrays. The double negative cells from either Th1 or Th2 cultures expressed lower levels of Th1/Th2 marker cytokine genes (IFNgamma, IL4, and IL5). However, they were comparable with the IFN-gamma+ or IL-4+ cells in the expression levels of other Th1/Th2 marker genes (GATA3, Tbet, and IL12Rbeta2). Most importantly, these double negative cells were already committed in their Th1/Th2 lineages. Gene expression profiling analysis showed that very few previously identified Th1/Th2 marker genes were differentially expressed between the IFN-gamma or IL-4 producers and the non-producers, further underscoring the similarity between these two groups.
authors.affiliation: Aventis Pharmaceuticals, Bridgewater, NJ 07059, USA. wcao@vrxus.jnj.com
authors.forename: Wuxiong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Yangde
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Sefik
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alkan
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Subramaniam
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Diao
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Delohery
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McCormick
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Donghui
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ni
authors.forename: Paul S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Busch
authors.forename: Asher
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zilberstein
mesh_terms: D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000276:immunology; D019070:Cell Lineage / Q000276:immunology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D050990:GATA3 Transcription Factor; D015870:Gene Expression; D005819:Genetic Markers / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D012313:RNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D050990:GATA3 Transcription Factor; C494749:GATA3 protein, human; D005819:Genetic Markers; D015534:Trans-Activators; D015847:Interleukin-4; D012313:RNA; D007371:Interferon-gamma