title: Resource use, costs, and quality of life among patients in the multinational Valsartan in Acute Myocardial Infarction Trial (VALIANT).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In a multinational clinical trial, valsartan was statistically not inferior to captopril in reducing mortality and cardiovascular morbidity after myocardial infarction (MI) in patients with signs of heart failure and/or left ventricular dysfunction. We conducted a prospective economic evaluation to compare within-trial resource use, costs, and quality of life in patients receiving valsartan, captopril, or both after MI.
  
  
  METHODS
  We assigned country-specific unit costs to resource use data for 14703 patients and measured health-related quality of life in a subset of 4524 patients. We used the nonparametric bootstrap method to compare rates of resource use and costs, and a piecewise linear mixed-effects regression analysis to compare longitudinal measures of quality of life.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences in rates of resource use between the valsartan and captopril groups. During an average follow-up of 2 years, total costs for patients receiving valsartan were significantly higher than for patients receiving captopril (USD 14103 vs USD 13038; 95% CI USD 369-USD 1875). The cost differential was caused primarily by the cost of the study medications (USD 1056 for valsartan vs USD 165 for captopril; 95% CI USD 867 to USD 912). Quality of life did not differ significantly between groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For most patients at high risk after MI, the availability of generic captopril confers a cost advantage over valsartan because of lower medication costs. The difference will be smaller or nonexistent in settings where brand-name ACE inhibitors are prescribed.
authors.affiliation: Center for Clinical and Genetic Economics, Duke Clinical Research Institute, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27715, USA.
authors.forename: Shelby D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Reed
authors.forename: Jasmina I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Radeva
authors.forename: Kevin P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Weinfurt
authors.forename: John J V
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: McMurray
authors.forename: Marc A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pfeffer
authors.forename: Eric J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Velazquez
authors.forename: Jennifer S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Allsbrook
authors.forename: Leah E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Masselink
authors.forename: Mary Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sellers
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Califf
authors.forename: Kevin A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Schulman
mesh_terms: D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002216:Captopril / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016527:Drug Costs; D014943:Global Health; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006295:Health Resources / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics / Q000209:etiology; D017721:Hospital Costs; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000191:economics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics / Q000523:psychology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life; D013777:Tetrazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014633:Valine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068756:Valsartan; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D013777:Tetrazoles; D000068756:Valsartan; D002216:Captopril; D014633:Valine