title: Comparison of Wirsung-jejunal duct-to-mucosa and dunking technique for pancreatojejunostomy after pancreatoduodenectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pancreato-enteric reconstruction after pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) is still a source of debate because of the high incidence of complications. Among the various types of pancreato-jejunostomies we don't know yet which is the best in terms of anastomotic failure and related complications rates. Wirsung-jejunal duct-to-mucosa anastomosis (WJ) and "dunking" pancreato-jejunal anastomosis (DPJ) are the two most used ones worldwide but conflicting results are reported. To determine which is the safer anastomosis and to define when an anastomosis should be preferred, we retrospectively reviewed two groups of patients who underwent WJ or DPJ.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-three patients underwent PD with WJ (n = 17) with dilated (WJD) (n = 9) or not-dilated Wirsung's duct (WJND) (n = 8) or with a DPJ (n = 6) over a 3-year period at a single institution.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The complications rate was high in all groups of patients (33.3% in WJD, 37.5% in WJND and 66.7% in DPJ). A pancreatic fistula developed in one patient in each group (11.1% in WJD, 12.5% in WJND and 16.7% in DPJ). All these patients were managed conservatively. Anastomotic disruption took place in the WJ patients especially in the WJND group (n = 2) compared to the WJD (n = 1) (25% vs. 11.1%) or DPJ groups (0%): these three patients required a re-operation. Overall, the anastomotic defects were higher in patients who underwent WJND (37.5%), compared to WJD (22.2%) and to DPJ (16.7%). However, no statistical differences were found among the groups. Delayed gastric emptying (DGE) and total parenteral nutrition (TPN) along with anastomotic defects were responsible for a prolonged hospital stay.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results were not able to demonstrate any statistical difference between the two different techniques in preventing anastomotic failure. WJ can represent a valid choice in case of a dilated duct and a firm, fibrotic enlarged gland that could not be properly invaginated in a small jejunal loop. DGE may occur in those patients who experienced an anastomotic failure and required a TPN regimen with a prolonged hospital stay.
authors.affiliation: Unita di Chirurgia-Dipartimento di Fisiopatologia Clinica, Universita degli Studi di Firenze, Viale GB Morgagni, 85, 50134-Firenze, Italy. giacomo.batignani@unifi.it
authors.forename: Giacomo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Batignani
authors.forename: Geri
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fratini
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zuckermann
authors.forename: Elisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bianchini
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tonelli
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005746:Gastric Emptying; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000601:surgery*; D007583:Jejunum / Q000601:surgery*; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016577:Pancreaticoduodenectomy; D010193:Pancreaticojejunostomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D010289:Parenteral Nutrition, Total; D012086:Reoperation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013529:Surgical Wound Dehiscence / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors