title: Mucinous carcinoid as an unusual manifestation of endodermal differentiation in ovarian yolk sac tumors.
abstract: We present, for the first time, two yolk sac tumors (YST) in women 37 and 18 years of age, one with a typical parietovisceral pattern and the other with a glandular pattern, which were associated with extensive areas of mucinous carcinoid (MC). The tumor in the first case had numerous nodules of tubulopapillary YST that merged with well-differentiated MC. This patient responded well to chemotherapy. The tumor in the second case consisted of an AFP-positive glandular YST, with a glandulopapillary pattern closely resembling fetal lung type adenocarcinoma, coexisting with an AFP-negative, cytokeratin 20-positive, atypical MC; transitional areas between the two components were also seen. In the material from the recurrences and metastases; however, no YST was present, the atypical MC having become the predominant component including areas that had become carcinomatous. There was a poor response to various chemotherapeutic regimens. AFP levels became negative during the course of disease paralleling the disappearance of the YST component and the overgrowth of an increasingly anaplastic MC. The patient died 1 year after diagnosis. We think that, in these cases, MC represented an unusual form of endodermal differentiation of the YST. It is important to differentiate the yolk sac and carcinoid components due to their different responses to chemotherapy and to evaluate the possibility of mucinous carcinoid developing into a highly aggressive carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University Hospital, Granada, Spain. fnogales@ugr.es
authors.forename: Francisco F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Nogales
authors.forename: Catalina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Buriticá
authors.forename: Sigrid
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Regauer
authors.forename: Talina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: González
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002276:Carcinoid Tumor / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D018240:Endodermal Sinus Tumor / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000473:pathology; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins