title: Insulin-induced stimulation of JNK and the PI 3-kinase/mTOR pathway leads to phosphorylation of serine 318 of IRS-1 in C2C12 myotubes.
abstract: Increased serine/threonine phosphorylation of insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS-1) is associated with cellular insulin resistance. We have recently identified serine 318 (Ser318) as a novel protein kinase C-zeta (PKC-zeta)-dependent phosphorylation site within IRS-1. As other kinases may phosphorylate at this serine residue as well, we aimed to identify such kinases in the present study. In C2C12 myotubes, exposure to insulin or phorbol ester markedly increased Ser318 phosphorylation. In contrast, high glucose, tumor necrosis factor-alpha, and free fatty acids did not provoke Ser318 phosphorylation. JNK and the PI 3-kinase/mTOR pathway were found to be implicated in insulin-induced Ser318 phosphorylation, but not in TPA-stimulated phosphorylation that was, at least partly, mediated by classical or novel PKC. In conclusion, with JNK and the PI 3-kinase/mTOR pathway as mediators of insulin-induced Ser318 phosphorylation, we have identified kinases that have previously been reported to play key roles in phosphorylation of other serine residues in IRS-1.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Metabolism and Pathobiochemistry, Department of Internal Medicine, University Hospital of Tübingen, 72076 Tübingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Karsten
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Müssig
authors.forename: Hendrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fiedler
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Staiger
authors.forename: Cora
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Weigert
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lehmann
authors.forename: Erwin D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Schleicher
authors.forename: Hans-Ulrich
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Häring
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4; D051379:Mice; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012694:Serine / Q000378:metabolism*; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D055504:Insulin Receptor Substrate Proteins; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D048670:MAP Kinase Kinase 4; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011494:Protein Kinases; D012694:Serine; D058570:TOR Serine-Threonine Kinases; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; C526295:Irs1 protein, mouse; C546843:mTOR protein, mouse