title: The influence of different core material on the FEA-determined stress distribution in dental crowns.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  All ceramic restorations without metal have great advantages in their biocompatibility and aesthetic aspects. With the introduction of new core materials, the cores are sufficiently strong to produce long lasting all-ceramic restorations; however, the stresses in the veneering porcelain could still determine the longevity. The objective of this study was to evaluate, by finite element analysis (FEA), the influence of different core materials on the stress distribution in dental crowns.
  
  
  METHODS
  The model of a multi-layer all-ceramic crown for posterior tooth 46 produced with CAD-CAM-technology was translated into a three-dimensional FEA program. This crown model was made with gold, zirconia, and alumina-based porcelain core and their matching veneering porcelains. The stress distribution due to the combined influences of bite forces, residual stresses caused by the difference in expansion coefficient of the core material and the veneering porcelain, and the influence of shrinkage of the cement was investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Stiffer core material does not always for various reasons result in lower stresses in the veneering porcelain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study indicates that the actual distribution of the tensile stresses and the design of restorations must be taken into account; otherwise, the significant contribution of stronger and tougher core materials to the performance of all-ceramic restorations may be offset by the weaker veneering porcelain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dental Material Science, Academisch Centrum Tandheelkunde Amsterdam, Universiteit van Amsterdam and Vrije Universiteit, Louwesweg 1, Amsterdam, 1066 EA, The Netherlands. n.de.jager@acta.nl
authors.forename: Niek
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: De Jager
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: de Kler
authors.forename: Jef M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: van der Zel
mesh_terms: D000537:Aluminum Oxide / Q000737:chemistry; D001732:Bite Force; D002516:Ceramics / Q000737:chemistry; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry; D003198:Computer Simulation; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D003442:Crowns; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D003776:Dental Porcelain / Q000737:chemistry; D003801:Dental Veneers; D004548:Elasticity; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D006047:Gold Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008422:Materials Testing; D008963:Molar; D011176:Post and Core Technique; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013718:Tensile Strength; D013816:Thermodynamics; D015040:Zirconium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D003722:Dental Alloys; D003764:Dental Materials; D006047:Gold Alloys; D019279:Resin Cements; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D015040:Zirconium; D000537:Aluminum Oxide; C028541:zirconium oxide