title: Discordance between anti-beta2-glycoprotein-I and anti-cardiolipin antibodies in patients with clinical criteria of antiphospholipid syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Clinical and immunological features of patients with clinical manifestations of the antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) with anti-beta2-glycoprotein-I antibodies (anti-beta2-GP-I) but without anticardiolipin antibodies (aCL) or any other autoimmune condition are not well documented. We sought to determine the clinical significance of positive anti-beta2-GP-I with negative aCL.
  
  
  METHODS
  From July 2002 through July 2003, 1,179 serum samples obtained in our hospital from the Community of Madrid were tested for anti-beta2-GP-I and aCL by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Clinical records of patients with discordant anti-beta2-GP-I and aCL were retrospectively analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 56 patients with discordant anti-beta2-GP-I and aCL were identified. By logistic regression analysis, after adjusting for age, sex and risk factors of thrombosis, the risk for developing APS criteria associated with anti-beta2-GP-I was significant [odds ratio 3.88; 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.05-14.27; p = 0.04). 15 out of 56 patients (26.8%) had positive anti-beta2-GP-I and negative aCL. 5 out of 15 anti-beta2-GP-I-positive patients had clinical APS without serological nor clinical evidence of any autoimmune disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Determination of anti-beta2-GP-I should be considered in individual cases with clinical manifestations of primary APS and repeated negative results on conventional antiphospholipid antibody test.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, University General Hospital Gregorio Marañón, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Micheloud
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Ramón
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carbone
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Rodríguez Molina
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fernández-Cruz
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: López-Longo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Mahou
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000276:immunology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011247:Pregnancy; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I
chemical_list: D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin; D006023:Glycoproteins; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I