Acute myeloid leukaemia induced by mitoxantrone: case report.
Mitoxantrone (MX) is an immunosupressant drug used in secondarily progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS) and in relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS). It has a leukemogenesis potential induced by cytogenetic abnormalities, though with a low incidence. Promyelocitic leukaemia (type M3) and other forms of acute myeloblastic leukaemias (M4 and M5) have been described in a few MS patients who received MX during their treatment. We describe a white female patient, 47 year-old, with SPMS (EDSS = 4) with 14 years of disease. She received MX during her disease and developed acute promyelocytic leukaemia (M3), with severe thrombocytopenia 30 months later. She ultimately died due to intracerebral hemorrhage. Other cases of treatment related to AML are reviewed and discussed.
Arruda
Walter Oleschko
WO
Instituto de Neurologia de Curitiba, Curitiba PR, Brasil. arruda@inc-neuro.com.br
Montú
María Belén
MB
de Oliveira
Marcelo de Souza R
Mde S
Ramina
Ricardo
R
D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015473:Leukemia, Promyelocytic, Acute / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008942:Mitoxantrone / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy
D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D008942:Mitoxantrone