title: Ocular manifestations of sarcoidosis.
abstract: Ophthalmic involvement in sarcoidosis may cause significant sight-threatening illness for patients. Studies of patients with histologically proven sarcoidosis have found 25 to 50% of patients to have ocular manifestations. The frequency in which eye disease is seen and the course that it takes vary with age, race, and geography. This article discusses relevant aspects of the ocular manifestations of sarcoidosis for the internist and pulmonologist. Overall disease presentation, specific types of ocular involvement, evaluation strategies, and treatment considerations are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Cincinnati Medical Center, Cincinnati, Ohio 45267-0527, USA.
authors.forename: Deborah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bradley
authors.forename: Robert P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Baughman
authors.forename: Lawrence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Raymond
authors.forename: Adam H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Kaufman