Managing autism and Asperger's syndrome in current educational provision.
There is a need to understand the difficulties faced by those with autistic spectrum disorders (ASD) in educational settings if one is to manage and help them manage their learning. This paper explores some of the most pertinent problems that arise. It analyses perceptual, social, conceptual, emotional and memorizing barriers to learning and shows how difficulties in communication are exacerbated by educational language, which gives a poor model for those who have no prior understanding of inter-personal communication. The notion of an 'autism-friendly' environment is examined as is the process of how schools and other learning institutions might be helped to create such an environment. Education as entitlement is distinguished from education as therapy and the implications for inclusion are examined. It is argued that the best teaching arises from an empathetic understanding and a willingness to be flexible, the worst, from rigidity and an expectation that it is the child who must change. There is no single approach that can meet all the needs of those with ASDs, but nor are needs entirely determined by individual behaviour. It is the understanding of ASD that enables the teacher to correctly identify the child's learning needs and begin to meet them.
Jordan
R
R
School of Education, University of Birmingham, Birmingham B15 2TT, UK. r.r.jordan@bham.ac.uk
D000293:Adolescent; D020817:Asperger Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003147:Communication Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D004519:Education, Special / Q000379:methods*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D008297:Male; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012919:Social Behavior; D016896:Treatment Outcome