title: The effect of taurine or betaine pretreatment on hepatotoxicity and prooxidant status induced by lipopolysaccharide treatment in the liver of rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Taurine or betaine have been reported to have antioxidative potential and inhibit Kupffer cell activation. These effects may play an important role in their hepatoprotective effects. Therefore, they may also have protective effects in lipopolysaccharide hepatotoxicity by both inhibiting Kupffer cell activation and behaving as antioxidants.
  
  
  METHODS
  The prophylactic efficiency of taurine or betaine pretreatment for the prevention of peroxidative changes induced by lipopolysaccharide treatment in the rat liver was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lipopolysaccharide (10 mg/kg intraperitoneally) was given to rats pretreated with taurine (1.5%, w/v) or betaine (1.5%, w/v) in drinking water for 4 weeks and plasma transaminase activities as well as hepatic malondialdehyde, diene conjugate (DC), glutathione, alpha-tocopherol and ascorbic acid levels, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase activities were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant increases in plasma transaminase activities and hepatic malondialdehyde and DC levels and decreases in hepatic glutathione and alpha-tocopherol levels and SOD and glutathione peroxidase activities were observed 6 h after lipopolysaccharide treatment. This treatment did not alter ascorbic acid levels in the liver compared with controls. Taurine or betaine pretreatment in lipopolysaccharide-injected rats caused significant decreases in plasma transaminase activities and hepatic malondialdehyde and DC levels, and significant increases in glutathione and alpha-tocopherol (not betaine) levels without changing ascorbic acid levels and SOD and glutathione peroxidase activities in the liver.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings clearly indicate that taurine or betaine pretreatment was effective in the prevention of lipopolysaccharide-induced hepatotoxicity and prooxidant status.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul University, Capa 34093 Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Jale
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Balkan
authors.forename: Fatma Hande
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Parldar
authors.forename: Semra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Doğru-Abbasoğlu
authors.forename: Gülçin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aykaç-Toker
authors.forename: Müjdat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uysal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001622:Betaine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013654:Taurine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000637:Transaminases / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D013654:Taurine; D001622:Betaine; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D000637:Transaminases