title: [Adaptive response induced by low concentration of hydroquinone in human embryonic fibroblasts cells].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the adaptive response induced by hydroquinone(HQ) on eukaryocyte and its possible mechanism.
  
  
  METHODS
  After hydroquinone treatment, AlamarBlue reduce rate, LDH release rate were observed to determine the cell proliferation and death. Annexin V/propidium iodide (PI) staining was performed for each treatment to distinguish viable, early, and late apoptosis or dead cells. The total cellular proteins were separated using two- dimensional gel electrophoresis and visualized by sliver staining. Digital images were analyzed using ImageMaster 2D platinum 5.0 software. The differentially expressed protein spots were picked and digested in gel then identified by tandem mass spectrum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of AlamarBlue reduce rate, LDH leakage and Annexin V-FITC/PI staining showed that no effect on cell viability was observed at a concentration of 10 micromol/L HQ while 250 micromol/L HQ significantly decreased cell viability. Cells pretreated with 10 micromol/L HQ for 12h show increasing survival to the following expose to 250 micromol/L HQ. In control MRC-5 cells 1429 +/- 369 protein spots were detected and, 1453 +/- 307 in low HQ group, 1191 +/- 393 in high HQ group, and 1107 +/- 247 in adaptive group by two dimensional gel electrophoresis. Twenty-four protein spots showed significant change after HQ stimulation and 22 protein spots were identified by tandems mass spectra. These identified proteins involved in energy metabolism, translation and RNA processing, protein folding, redox regulation, cell structure and cell signaling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adaptive response can be induced by low concentration of HQ on MRC-5 cells and cellular adaptation is a complex process involving in a modulation of diverse cellular functions.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
authors.forename: Xi-Yi
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhi-Xiong
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Zhuang
authors.forename: Jian-Jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiao-Hua
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Qinzhi
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Xiaohui
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006873:Hydroquinones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006873:Hydroquinones; D020543:Proteome; C031927:hydroquinone