Signaling regulation of genomic and nongenomic functions of estrogen receptors.
Estrogen receptors (ERs) mediate the effects of 17beta-estradiol under physiologic and pathologic conditions. ERs trigger 17beta-estradiol-sensitive gene transcription by binding to specific estrogen response elements (i.e. genomic mechanism). The cellular effects of estrogen are also influenced by membrane- or cytoplasm-initiated responses (i.e. nongenomic mechanism). Both ER-evoked genomic and nongenomic effects originate from a unique signaling network. Furthermore, estrogen-initiated rapid pathways and ERalpha interactions with specific partners (e.g. AIB1, PELP1/MNAR; MTA1, MTA1s and p130Cas) influence both ER functions. Here, we summarize the recent findings related to multiple regulatory levels of the signaling networks responsible for ERs-mediated responses in breast cancer cells.
Acconcia
Filippo
F
Department of Molecular and Cellular Oncology, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas 77030, USA.
Kumar
Rakesh
R
D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000502:physiology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D056970:Co-Repressor Proteins; D050719:Crk-Associated Substrate Protein / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D056921:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 3; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000502:physiology; D014157:Transcription Factors
D056970:Co-Repressor Proteins; D050719:Crk-Associated Substrate Protein; C089320:MTA1 protein, human; C438485:PELP1 protein, human; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000123:Acetyltransferases; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; C538866:NCOA3 protein, human; D056921:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 3; D006655:Histone Deacetylases