title: The value of visual evoked potentials in the evaluation of periorbital hemangiomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present a case of a child with an extensive facial hemangioma in whom the suspicion of intracranial involvement was raised by visual evoked potential (VEP) evaluation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational case report.
  
  
  METHODS
  VEP analysis was performed using flash and pattern stimuli to determine whether treatment intervention other than occlusion therapy was needed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  VEP analysis indicated a marked transoccipital asymmetry in the flash and pattern VEP suggestive of right hemispheric dysfunction. Neuroimaging showed intracranial extension of the hemangioma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The VEP evaluation is a noninvasive technique performed in the awake child. This case highlights the usefulness of VEP analysis in the management of extensive periocular capillary hemangiomas and its use as a modality to identify potential intracranial involvement. Large plaquelike facial capillary hemangiomas may have possible underlying dural involvement suggestive of PHACES syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Great Ormond Street Hospital, London.
authors.forename: Alexander S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Ioannidis
authors.forename: Alki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Liasis
authors.forename: Samira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Syed
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Harper
authors.forename: Ken K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Nischal
mesh_terms: D000550:Amblyopia / Q000175:diagnosis; D001251:Astigmatism / Q000175:diagnosis; D005074:Evoked Potentials, Visual; D005142:Eyelid Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005153:Facial Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D018324:Hemangioma, Capillary / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D011239:Prednisolone