title: Are somatostatin analogs therapeutic alternatives in the management of head and neck paragangliomas?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although mostly benign, head and neck paragangliomas require active management because of injury to adjacent neurovascular structures. Surgery, usually preceded by embolization, allows for complete tumor removal. However, surgery carries a significant risk of iatrogenic injury, related to tumor volume. Because paragangliomas express somatostatin receptors with high density, we investigated the effect of a long-acting somatostatin analogue (OCT-LAR) on the size of such tumors to reduce iatrogenic injury and related the percentage of tumor shrinkage to a tracer uptake index calculated on somatostatin receptor scintigraphy (SRS).
  
  
  METHODS
  In eight of the first nine patients, 30 mg of OCT-LAR was given intramuscularly every 28 days for 3 doses; one patient withdrew after the first dose because of side effects. Conventional imaging with computed tomography (CT) scan or magnetic resonance imaging plus SRS revealed 18 paraganglioma sites. For each lesion, a tracer uptake index was calculated on pretreatment SRS. All 18 tumors were measured by CT scan before treatment and 1 month after the third injection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average percent tumor shrinkage was 4.0 +/- 10.0%, and the average tumor reduction was 1.0 +/- 3.8 cm (P = .27, NS). Only 2 of the 18 paragangliomas shrank by more than 20%; these two tumors belonged to the only one secreting patient. There was no significant relation between tracer uptake index and tumor response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest 1) that SRS results do not predict OCT-LAR efficacy on paraganglioma size, and 2) OCT-LAR is not useful in the preoperative management of paragangliomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Hôpital Lariboisière, 2 rue Ambroise Pare, 75010 Paris, France. MICHELE.DUET@LRB.AP-HOP-PARIS
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Duet
authors.forename: Jean Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Guichard
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rizzo
authors.forename: Mourad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boudiaf
authors.forename: Phillippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Herman
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tran Ba Huy
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D015282:Octreotide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010235:Paraganglioma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D047368:Tumor Burden
chemical_list: D013004:Somatostatin; D015282:Octreotide