title: Rosmarinic acid inhibits the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species in RAW264.7 macrophages.
abstract: Antioxidant action of Rosmarinic acid (Ros A), a natural phenolic ingredient in many Lamiaceae herbs such as Perilla frutescens, sage, basil and mint, was analyzed in relation to the Ikappa-B activation in RAW264.7 macrophages. Ros A inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) protein synthesis induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS), and also effectively suppressed phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate (PMA)-induced superoxide production in RAW264.7 macrophages in a dose-dependent manner. Peroxynitrite-induced formation of 3-nitrotyrosine in bovine serum albumin and RAW264.7 macrophages were also inhibited by Ros A. Moreover, Western blot analysis demonstrated that LPS-induced phosphorylation of Ikappa-Balpha was abolished by Ros A. Ros A can act as an effective protector against peroxynitrite-mediated damage, and as a potent inhibitor of superoxide and NO synthesis; the inhibition of the formation of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species are partly based on its ability to inhibit the serine phosphorylation of Ikappa-Balpha.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, Nagakute, Aichi 480-1195, Japan. qiaosl@aichi-med-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shanlou
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: Weihua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ryoko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tsubouchi
authors.forename: Miyako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haneda
authors.forename: Keiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nisimoto
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053630:Depsides; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D012694:Serine / Q000378:metabolism; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D002934:Cinnamates; D053630:Depsides; D020672:I-kappa B Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D026361:Reactive Nitrogen Species; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012694:Serine; D013481:Superoxides; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D014443:Tyrosine; D000097123:Rosmarinic Acid; C016658:phorbolol myristate acetate