title: Plasma homocysteine thiolactone adducts associated with risk of coronary heart disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Homocysteine thiolactone adducts have been proposed as the culprit of homocysteine related cardiovascular diseases. We studied the association of these adducts in plasma, and the gene polymorphism of paraoxonase-2 with coronary heart disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  254 patients and 308 controls were recruited for the study. Homocysteine thiolactone adducts were determined with ELISA. The codon 311 polymorphism of paraoxonase-2 gene was genotyped by using polymerase chain reaction and restrictive digestion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The plasma level of homocysteine thiolactone adducts were significantly higher in patients than in controls (40.65 +/- 10.87 u/ml vs. 30.58 +/- 10.20 u/ml, P <0.01), with odds ratio of 7.34 (95% confidence interval 4.020-13.406, P <0.01), and increased according to the number of atherosclerotic coronary arteries: 35.59 +/- 10.34 units/ml (n = 76); 41.88 +/- 8.83 (n = 70) and 43.13 +/- 11.47 (n = 108) in subjects with 1, 2 and 3 affected arteries, respectively (r =0.174, P < 0.01). The frequency of CC genotype was significantly higher in patients with coronary heart disease (7.48%) than in controls (1.62%, P < 0.01), with adjusted odds ratio of 4.367 (95% confidence interval: 1.178 to 16.191, P < 0.01), so was the C allele (23.2% vs. 14.9%, P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High plasma homocysteine thiolactone adducts and the CC 311 genotype of paraoxonase-2 gene may be the emerging risk factor for coronary heart disease.
authors.affiliation: Sino-German Laboratory for Molecular Medicine, Fuwai Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100037, PR China.
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yisong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhen
authors.forename: Yuejin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jizheng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Yuqing
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Haiyan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Zaijia
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Rutai
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hui
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000235:genetics; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000097:blood* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D006710:Homocysteine; C007957:homocysteine thiolactone; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase