title: Lupus anticoagulants and the risk of a first episode of deep venous thrombosis.
abstract: We have determined lupus anticoagulants, anti-beta2 glycoprotein I (beta2GPI) and antiprothrombin antibodies in the Leiden Thrombophilia Study, a population-based case-control study designed to determine risk factors for deep venous thrombosis (DVT). Lupus anticoagulant (LAC) was measured in 473 patients and 472 control subjects. Four control subjects (0.9%) and 14 patients (3.1%) had a positive LAC, resulting in a 3.6-fold increased risk [odds ratio (OR) 3.6, 95% CI: 1.2-10.9]. Of the total population, 49 were positive for anti-beta2GPI antibodies: 15 controls (3.4%) and 34 patients (7.5%), implying a 2.4-fold increased risk (95% CI: 1.3-4.2). Antiprothrombin antibodies were present in 114 subjects: 48 controls (11.0%) and 66 cases (14.6%) with an OR of 1.4 (95% CI: 1.0-2.1). When LAC was considered in the co-presence of antiprothrombin or anti-beta2GPI antibodies the OR increased to 10.1 (95% CI: 1.3-79.8). A LAC without a positive anti-beta2GPI or antiprothrombin test was not associated with a risk for DVT (OR 1.3, 95% CI: 0.3-6.0). This study demonstrates that the presence of LAC, anti-beta2GPI antibodies and antiprothrombin antibodies are risk factors for DVT in a general population. The strongest association holds for the combination LAC and the presence of anti-beta2GPI or antiprothrombin antibodies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Haematology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands. ph.g.degroot@azu.nl
authors.forename: P G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: de Groot
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lutters
authors.forename: R H W M
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Derksen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lisman
authors.forename: J C M
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Meijers
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Rosendaal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D016682:Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011516:Prothrombin / Q000276:immunology; D012307:Risk Factors; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D006023:Glycoproteins; D016682:Lupus Coagulation Inhibitor; D053482:beta 2-Glycoprotein I; D011516:Prothrombin