title: Transforming growth factor-beta1 mediated up-regulation of lysyl oxidase in the kidneys of hereditary nephrotic mouse with chronic renal fibrosis.
abstract: Lysyl oxidase (LOX), an extracellular enzyme, plays a key role in the post-translational modification of collagens and elastin, catalyzing inter- and intra-crosslinking reactions. Because the crosslinked extracellular matrices (ECMs) are highly resistant to degradative enzymes, it is considered that the over-expression of LOX may cause severe fibrotic degeneration. In the present study, we addressed the role of LOX-mediated crosslinking in chronic renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis using an animal model of hereditary nephrotic syndrome, the Institute of Cancer Research (ICR)-derived glomerulonephritis (ICGN) mouse. Ribonuclease protection assay (RPA) revealed that LOX mRNA expression was up-regulated in the kidneys of ICGN mice as compared with control ICR mice. High-level expression of LOX and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 (an up-regulator of LOX) mRNA was detected in tubular epithelial cells of ICGN mouse kidneys by in situ hybridization. Type-I and -III collagens, major substrates for LOX, were accumulated in tubulointerstitium of ICGN mouse kidneys. The present findings imply that TGF-beta1 up-regulates the production of LOX in tubular epithelial cells of ICGN mouse kidneys, and the excessive LOX acts on interstitial collagens and catalyzes crosslinking reactions. As a result, the highly crosslinked collagens induce an irreversible progression of chronic renal tubulointerstitial fibrosis in the kidneys of ICGN mice.
authors.affiliation: Research Unit for Animal Life Sciences, Animal Resource Science Center, The University of Tokyo, 3145 Ago, Ibaraki-Iwama, 319-0206, Japan.
authors.forename: Yasufumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Goto
authors.forename: Kozue
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchio-Yamada
authors.forename: Sayuri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anan
authors.forename: Yoshie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Atsuo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ogura
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Manabe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology; D005921:Glomerulonephritis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D007668:Kidney / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008249:Protein-Lysine 6-Oxidase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; C508961:Tgfb1 protein, mouse; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D008249:Protein-Lysine 6-Oxidase