title: Mechanical restitution curves reflect post-ischemic stunning in pigs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The time constant of mechanical restitution (T(MRC)), proposed to reflect changes in calcium release and uptake, has been shown to increase in left ventricular (LV) failure. In this study, we tested the hypothesis that T(MRC) also can identify post-ischemic, reversible LV dysfunction (stunning).
  
  
  METHODS
  Stunning was induced by a series of left main coronary artery occlusions in eight anesthetized open chest pigs. Left ventricular pressure-volume relations were assessed using a pressure-volume catheter during right atrial pacing. Mechanical restitution curves (MRCs) were constructed using two different measures of contractile response: maximal first derivative of pressure (CR(dP/dtmax)) and stroke work (CR(SW)).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean arterial pressure, stroke volume and dP/dtmax were decreased 30 min after stunning. Slopes of end-systolic pressure volume relation and preload recruitable stroke work, however, showed no significant changes after stunning. For MRCs based on CR(dP/dtmax), T(MRC) increased in all eight animals. Using CR(SW), T(MRC) increased in seven out of eight pigs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ischemia-reperfusion induce changes in MRCs based on CR(dP/dtmax), and CR(SW). The MRC concept may have potential as a clinical left ventricular performance index.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiothoracic and Vascular Surgery, University Hospital North Norway, Tromsø, Norway. knutck@fagmed.uit.no
authors.forename: Knut E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Kjørstad
authors.forename: Dag Ole
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Nordhaug
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Korvald
authors.forename: Tor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Steensrud
authors.forename: Truls
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Myrmel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009200:Myocardial Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D015425:Myocardial Reperfusion / Q000379:methods*; D017682:Myocardial Stunning; D011897:Random Allocation; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D013552:Swine