title: The use of a systemic prime/mucosal boost strategy with an equine influenza ISCOM vaccine to induce protective immunity in horses.
abstract: In horses, natural infection confers long lasting protective immunity characterised by mucosal IgA and humoral IgGa and IgGb responses. In order to investigate the potential of locally administered vaccine to induce a protective IgA response, responses generated by vaccination with an immunostimulating complex (ISCOM)-based vaccine for equine influenza (EQUIP F) containing A/eq/Newmarket/77 (H7N7), A/eq/Borlänge/91 (H3N8) and A/eq/Kentucky/98 (H3N8) using a systemic prime/mucosal boost strategy were studied. Seven ponies in the vaccine group received EQUIP F vaccine intranasally 6 weeks after an initial intramuscular immunisation. Following intranasal boosting a transient increase in virus-specific IgA was detected in nasal wash secretions. Aerosol challenge with the A/eq/Newmarket/1/93 reference strain 4 weeks after the intranasal booster resulted in clinical signs of infection and viral shedding in seven of seven influenza-naive control animals whereas the seven vaccinated ponies had statistically significantly reduced clinical signs and duration of virus excretion. Furthermore, following this challenge, significantly enhanced levels of virus-specific IgA were detected in the nasal washes from vaccinated ponies compared with the unvaccinated control animals. These data indicate that the intranasal administration of EQUIP F vaccine primes the mucosal system for an enhanced IgA response following exposure to live influenza virus.
authors.affiliation: Schering-Plough Animal Health, Breakspear Road South, Harefield, Uxbridge, Middlesex UB9 6LS, UK. olin.crouch@spcorp.com
authors.forename: C F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Crouch
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Daly
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Henley
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hannant
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wilkins
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Francis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006736:Horses / Q000276:immunology; D016882:ISCOMs / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000097:blood; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D053123:Influenza A Virus, H3N8 Subtype / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000662:veterinary*; D017201:Virus Shedding
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D016882:ISCOMs; D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007252:Influenza Vaccines