title: Genomic expression patterns of cardiac tissues from dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate global genome expression patterns of left ventricular tissues from dogs with dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Tissues obtained from the left ventricle of 2 Doberman Pinschers with end-stage DCM and 5 healthy control dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Transcriptional activities of 23,851 canine DNA sequences were determined by use of an oligonucleotide microarray. Genome expression patterns of DCM tissue were evaluated by measuring the relative amount of complementary RNA hybridization to the microarray probes and comparing it with gene expression for tissues from 5 healthy control dogs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  478 transcripts were differentially expressed (> or = 2.5-fold change). In DCM tissue, expression of 173 transcripts was upregulated and expression of 305 transcripts was downregulated, compared with expression for control tissues. Of the 478 transcripts, 167 genes could be specifically identified. These genes were grouped into 1 of 8 categories on the basis of their primary physiologic function. Grouping revealed that pathways involving cellular energy production, signaling and communication, and cell structure were generally downregulated, whereas pathways involving cellular defense and stress responses were upregulated. Many previously unreported genes that may contribute to the pathophysiologic aspects of heart disease were identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Evaluation of global expression patterns provides a molecular portrait of heart failure, yields insights into the pathophysiologic aspects of DCM, and identifies intriguing genes and pathways for further study.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Clinical Medicine, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Illinois, Urbana, IL 61802, USA.
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Oyama
authors.forename: Sridar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chittur
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002311:Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004285:Dogs; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000662:veterinary*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D015854:Up-Regulation