title: An isoform shift in the cardiac adenine nucleotide translocase expression alters the kinetic properties of the carrier in dilated cardiomyopathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Impaired mitochondrial ADP/ATP transport and altered adenine nucleotide translocase (ANT) isoform expression characterized by enhanced ANT1 and decreased ANT2 expression have been implicated in the pathophysiology of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM). It is still unknown whether restricted ANT function results from exogenous factors, or mutations in the ANT genes, or whether the imbalance in the isoform composition causes the reduced ADP/ATP transport. We performed DNA mutation screening of ANT genes and analyzed the kinetic properties of ANT protein isolated from DCM hearts and controls in a reconstituted system excluding natural environmental influences.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A G1409T polymorphism in ANT2 leads to an exchange from Arg111 to Leu111 in healthy blood donors (n = 60) with allele frequencies of 76% and 24%. This polymorphism was neither associated with DCM (74%, 26%; n = 93) nor with altered myocardial ANT isoform expression or restricted ANT function (89%, 11%; n = 8). However, there was a remarkable reduction in the maximum transport activity (v(max)) of reconstituted ANT from DCM hearts with altered ANT isoform expression (498 +/- 113 micromol min(-1) g(-1) incorporated protein vs. 1112 +/- 178 micromol min(-1) g(-1) incorporated protein, p < 0.01). Moreover, the substrate affinity of DCM myocardial ANT to ATP was slightly reduced with an increased K(m) value of 104.3 +/- 2.4 microM vs. 90.4 +/- 2.9 microM in controls (p < 0.03).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The altered isoform expression in DCM hearts entails changes in the kinetic properties of total ANT protein restricting ANT function and contributing to disturbed energy metabolism in DCM.
authors.affiliation: Charité University Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Department of Cardiology, Berlin, Germany. andrea.doerner@charite.de
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dörner
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Giessen
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gaub
authors.forename: Helga
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Grosse Siestrup
authors.forename: Peter L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Schwimmbeck
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hetzer
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Poller
authors.forename: Heinz-Peter
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Schultheiss
mesh_terms: D033741:Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D033742:Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002311:Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics*; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D009154:Mutation; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D033741:Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 1; D033742:Adenine Nucleotide Translocator 2; D007527:Isoenzymes; D004247:DNA