title: Phosphorylation states of cell cycle and DNA repair proteins can be altered by the nsSNPs.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Phosphorylation is a reversible post-translational modification that affects the intrinsic properties of proteins, such as structure and function. Non-synonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms (nsSNPs) result in the substitution of the encoded amino acids and thus are likely to alter the phosphorylation motifs in the proteins.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we used the web-based NetPhos tool to predict candidate nsSNPs that either introduce or remove putative phosphorylation sites in proteins that act in DNA repair and cell cycle pathways.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our results demonstrated that a total of 15 nsSNPs (16.9%) were likely to alter the putative phosphorylation patterns of 14 proteins. Three of these SNPs (CDKN1A-S31R, OGG1-S326C, and XRCC3-T241M) have already found to be associated with altered cancer risk. We believe that this set of nsSNPs constitutes an excellent resource for further molecular and genetic analyses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The novel systematic approach used in this study will accelerate the understanding of how naturally occurring human SNPs may alter protein function through the modification of phosphorylation mechanisms and contribute to disease susceptibility.
authors.affiliation: Fred A, Litwin Centre for Cancer Genetics, Samuel Lunenfeld Research Institute, Mount Sinai Hospital, Toronto, M5G 1X5, ON, Canada. savas@mshri.on.ca
authors.forename: Sevtap
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Savas
authors.forename: Hilmi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozcelik
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002453:Cell Cycle; D019295:Computational Biology; D004260:DNA Repair; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008957:Models, Genetic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010766:Phosphorylation; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide