[Therapeutic efficacy of pralidoxime chloride on acute dichlorvos poisoning].
OBJECTIVE
To study the therapeutic efficacy and mechanism of oxime drug, pralidoxime chloride (PAM-Cl), on acute dichlorvos (DDV) poisoning.


METHODS
The toxic signs and survival rate were recorded and ChE activity in blood was determined in treatment group with PAM-Cl and non-treatment group after DDV was given to rats and mice by gastrogavage; the therapeutic efficacy and reactivation of DDV-inhibited ChE by PAM-Cl were observed on the patients with acute DDV poisoning.


RESULTS
(1) The alleviated and delayed toxic signs as well as higher survival rate were found in PAM-Cl treatment group compared with non-treatment group. (2) After the rats were exposed to DDV, the ChE activities of whole blood in different time within 24 h were statistically significantly higher in PAM-Cl treatment group than in non-treatment group (P < 0.05). (3) After PAM-Cl treatment, muscular fasciculation and other nicotinic signs in poisoned patients were disappeared and the inhibited blood ChE activities were gradually reactivated to normal level.


CONCLUSIONS
PAM-Cl has therapeutic efficacy against acute toxicity of DDV through its reactivation of inhibited ChE.
Zhu
Qiu-hong
QH
National Institute of Occupational Health and Poison Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100050, China.
Huang
Jin-xiang
JX
Lin
Zheng
Z
D000208:Acute Disease; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D000931:Antidotes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002802:Cholinesterases / Q000097:blood; D004006:Dichlorvos / Q000506:poisoning*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000506:poisoning*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D008875:Middle Aged; D011041:Poisoning / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy; D011220:Pralidoxime Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000931:Antidotes; D007306:Insecticides; D011220:Pralidoxime Compounds; D004006:Dichlorvos; D002802:Cholinesterases; C028797:pralidoxime