title: Genetics of bipolar disorder.
abstract: Many linkage loci and candidate genes have been reported in molecular genetic studies of bipolar disorder. However, none of these findings have been consistently replicated. Meta-analyses of linkage studies have also reported conflicting results. Among recently reported candidate genes, BDNF, G72, AKT1, GRIN2A, XBP1, GRK3, HTR4, IMPA2 and GABRA1 may have some importance. Study of the possible roles of epigenetics or analysis of genetic diseases, in which bipolar disorder is one of phenotypes, may also be promising. In addition to monoaminergic and intracellular signaling pathways, recent studies have revealed possible roles for mitochondrial dysfunction, for glutamatergic dysfunction and for the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory for Molecular Dynamics of Mental Disorders, RIKEN Brain Science Institute, Wako, Saitama, Japan. kato@brain.riken.go.jp
authors.forename: Tadafumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Go
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kuratomi
authors.forename: Nobumasa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kato
mesh_terms: D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D008040:Genetic Linkage; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial