title: Acute effects of guarana (Paullinia cupana Mart.) on mouse behaviour in forced swimming and open field tests.
abstract: Guarana, a herbal extract from the seeds of Paullinia cupana Mart. has been evaluated in comparison with caffeine on mouse behaviour in forced swimming and open field tests. Guarana (25 and 50 mg/kg, p.o.) and caffeine (10 and 20 mg/kg, p.o.) each significantly reduced the duration of immobility in the forced swimming test suggesting an antidepressant-like effect in mice. At these doses, neither substance affected ambulation in the open field test. However, a high dose of guarana (100 mg/kg) and caffeine (30 mg/kg) significantly enhanced the locomotor activity in the open field test. Caffeine, but not guarana, could effectively block an adenosine agonist, cyclopentyl adenosine (CPA)-induced increase in swimming immobility suggesting that mechanism(s) other than the adenosinergic mechanism are involved in the antidepressant-like activity of guarana.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Fisiologia e Farmacologia, Universidade Federal do Ceará, C.P. 3157, 60430-270, Fortaleza, CE, Brasil.
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Campos
authors.forename: A I S
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Barros
authors.forename: F A A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Albuquerque
authors.forename: L K A
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: M Leal
authors.forename: V S N
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Rao
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D051379:Mice; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects; D032126:Paullinia; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013550:Swimming
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts