title: Refinement of docked protein-ligand and protein-DNA structures using low frequency normal mode amplitude optimization.
abstract: Prediction of structural changes resulting from complex formation, both in ligands and receptors, is an important and unsolved problem in structural biology. In this work, we use all-atom normal modes calculated with the Elastic Network Model as a basis set to model structural flexibility during formation of macromolecular complexes and refine the non-bonded intermolecular energy between the two partners (protein-ligand or protein-DNA) along 5-10 of the lowest frequency normal mode directions. The method handles motions unrelated to the docking transparently by first applying the modes that improve non-bonded energy most and optionally restraining amplitudes; in addition, the method can correct small errors in the ligand position when the first six rigid-body modes are switched on. For a test set of six protein receptors that show an open-to-close transition when binding small ligands, our refinement scheme reduces the protein coordinate cRMS by 0.3-3.2 A. For two test cases of DNA structures interacting with proteins, the program correctly refines the docked B-DNA starting form into the expected bent DNA, reducing the DNA cRMS from 8.4 to 4.8 A and from 8.7 to 5.4 A, respectively. A public web server implementation of the refinement method is available at http://lorentz.immstr.pasteur.fr.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Biochimie Structurale, URA 2185 du CNRS, Institut Pasteur 25 Rue du Dr Roux, F-75015 Paris, France.
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lindahl
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Delarue
mesh_terms: D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D008024:Ligands; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009038:Motion; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D008024:Ligands; D011506:Proteins; D004247:DNA