title: Experimental observation of bias-dependent nonlocal Andreev reflection.
abstract: We investigate transport through hybrid structures consisting of two normal metal leads connected via tunnel barriers to one common superconducting electrode. We find clear evidence for the occurrence of nonlocal Andreev reflection and elastic cotunneling through a superconductor when the separation of the tunnel barrier is comparable to the superconducting coherence length. The probability of the two processes is energy dependent, with elastic cotunneling dominating at low energy and nonlocal Andreev reflection at higher energies. The energy scale of the crossover is found to be the Thouless energy of the superconductor, which indicates the phase coherence of the processes. Our results are relevant for the realization of recently proposed entangler devices.
authors.affiliation: Kavli Institute of Nanoscience, Delft University of Technology, Lorentzweg 1, 2628 CJ Delft, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kroug
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Klapwijk
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Morpurgo