title: LY315920NA/S-5920, a selective inhibitor of group IIA secretory phospholipase A2, fails to improve clinical outcome for patients with severe sepsis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Group IIA secretory phospholipase A2 (sPLA2-IIA), released during inflammation, is increased in severe sepsis, and plasma levels are inversely related to survival. In a previous study, a selective inhibitor of sPLA2-IIA (LY315920NA/S-5920) was well tolerated and appeared to improve survival in a subgroup of patients who received the drug within 24 hrs of first sepsis-induced organ failure. This study was designed to determine whether improvement in survival could be confirmed in a larger patient population meeting the characteristics of that subgroup.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multicenter, double-blind, placebo-controlled, parallel-group clinical trial of LY315920NA/S-5920 in patients with severe sepsis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-five institutions worldwide.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 373 patients with at least two sepsis-induced organ failures.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomized 1:1 to receive LY315920NA/S-5920 (target plasma concentration of 800 ng/mL; n = 188) or placebo (n = 185). Study medication was administered as a continuous intravenous infusion for 168 hrs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study was terminated after data on 250 patients suggested a significant improvement in 28-day all-cause mortality would not be found if the trial continued as planned. The mortality rate was 39.4% in the LY315920NA/S-5920 group, compared with 31.9% in the placebo group (p = .092). The negative trend in mortality was most pronounced among patients with cardiovascular failure at baseline (41.6% vs. 28.7%; p = .008) and patients whose culture data at baseline were negative (42.9% vs. 22.7%; p = .045). The negative trend in mortality is not explained by adverse events, microbiology, or laboratory data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Continuous 7-day infusion of an inhibitor of sPLA2-IIA had no beneficial effect on 28-day all-cause mortality among severe sepsis patients with at least two organ failures. This study did not confirm earlier promising subgroup results with LY315920NA/S-5920, which provides a reminder that subgroup effects should be viewed cautiously, especially when primary effects are not significant.
authors.affiliation: Eli Lilly and Company, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Bernhardt G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Zeiher
authors.forename: Jay
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Steingrub
authors.forename: Pierre-Francois
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Laterre
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dmitrienko
authors.forename: Yonetaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukiishi
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Abraham
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005060:Europe / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D054501:Group II Phospholipases A2; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007651:Keto Acids; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D012306:Risk; D018805:Sepsis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D007211:Indoles; D007651:Keto Acids; C117948:varespladib; D010741:Phospholipases A; D054501:Group II Phospholipases A2; D054467:Phospholipases A2