title: Effect of vascular endothelial growth factor on fibroblasts from external auditory canal cholesteatoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  EACC is a disease of the external auditory canal resulting in destruction of adjacent tissue. However, the role of the surrounding mesenchymal fibroblasts of the perimatrix still remains unclear. In this study we treat isolated fibroblasts of EACC with VEGF and determine FGF-2 levels. We also treat the fibroblast cultures with FGF-2 and measured VEGF levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  All EACC cell cultures were obtained from five patients undergoing surgery and used at passage 3. After 1-4 days incubation with 50 ng/mL FGF-2, and 1-8 days incubation with 50 pg/mL VEGF incubation, the expression of the FGF-2 and VEGF protein in the supernatants of the HGF/SF-treated and -untreated culture cell lines was analyzed, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 8 days of incubation with 50 ng/mL VEGF, the levels of FGF-2 decreased. However, after 4 days of incubation with FGF-2 the VEGF levels increased significantly in treated tissue culture (p <0.05) in comparison to untreated EACC fibroblasts. The total protein concentration showed no significant difference in both cultures (p >0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In summary, exogenous FGF-2 increased fibroblast expression of VEGF, which is a major autocrine mediator of FGF-2-induced angiogenesis and proliferation. However, incubation with VEGF resulted in decrease of FGF-2 levels. Regarding the slow growth of the fibroblasts, they may not be as likely to exhibit a reactive or invasive phenotype as seen in middle ear cholesteatoma fibroblasts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Germany. ramin.naim@hno.ma.uni-heidelberg.de
authors.forename: Ramin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Naim
authors.forename: Ray C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Haneen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sadick
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bayerl
authors.forename: Gregor
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bran
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hormann
mesh_terms: D019898:Autocrine Communication; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002781:Cholesteatoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004424:Ear Canal / Q000473:pathology*; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2