title: Consumption of vegetables and fruits and risk of ovarian carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To the authors' knowledge, only a few prospective studies to date have investigated the correlation between vegetable and fruit consumption and the risk of ovarian carcinoma and their results have been inconclusive.
  
  
  METHODS
  Vegetable and fruit intake was assessed in relation to ovarian carcinoma, among 62,573 postmenopausal women participating in The Netherlands Cohort Study on Diet and Cancer. Women reported on dietary habits and on other risk factors for cancer in a self-administered questionnaire in 1986. Follow-up of cancer was implemented by annual record linkage with The Netherlands Cancer Registry and a pathology register. After 11.3 years of follow-up, data regarding 252 incident invasive epithelial ovarian carcinoma cases and of 2216 subcohort members were available for case-cohort analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Multivariable-adjusted rate ratios (RR) of ovarian carcinoma for women in the highest compared with the lowest quintile of intake (RR(Q5 vs. Q1)) were 0.98 (95% confidence interval [95% CI], 0.61-1.58) for total vegetables and 1.11 (95% CI, 0.70-1.78) for total fruit. The RR(Q5 vs. Q1) values of ovarian carcinoma with intake of cooked vegetables, raw vegetables, brassicas, legumes, cooked leafy vegetables, and raw leafy vegetables were 1.35 (95% CI, 0.83-2.21), 0.75 (95% CI, 0.48-1.18), 1.42 (95% CI, 0.88-2.29), 0.93 (95% CI, 0.60-1.44), 1.05 (95% CI, 0.66-1.67), and 1.23 (95% CI, 0.75-2.02), respectively. With the exception of raw endive (multivariable-adjusted RR, 0.24; 95% CI, 0.07-0.78), none of the individual vegetable or fruit items showed a statistically significant association with ovarian carcinoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the current study did not support a significant association between vegetable or fruit consumption and ovarian carcinoma risk in a cohort of postmenopausal women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, NUTRIM, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands. Monique.Mommers@epid.unimaas.nl
authors.forename: Monique
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mommers
authors.forename: Leo J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Schouten
authors.forename: R Alexandra
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Goldbohm
authors.forename: Piet A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: van den Brandt
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011336:Probability; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017678:Sex Distribution; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014675:Vegetables