title: Prophylaxis for second eye involvement in leber hereditary optic neuropathy: an open-labeled, nonrandomized multicenter trial of topical brimonidine purite.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test a topical agent with purported antiapoptotic properties as prophylactic treatment after first eye involvement in Leber hereditary optic neuropathy (LHON), a maternally-inherited disorder characterized by bilateral, often sequential, visual loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  Open labeled, nonrandomized prospective pilot study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine primary mutation molecularly confirmed LHON patients with one eye vision loss for less than 6 months and normal visual function in the fellow eye were treated with brimonidine purite 0.15% (Alphagan P) 4 times daily in the unaffected eye for up to 2 years. Visual acuity was the primary efficacy outcome. Secondary measures included changes on automated perimetry and quantification of the relative afferent pupillary defect.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 8 men and 1 woman enrolled, aged 13 to 54 years (mean 32 years), eight with the 11778 mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutation, and one with the 3460 mutation. Despite normal visual acuity at baseline in all patients, 7 patients had some minimal changes in the central visual field of the study eye. All patients had deterioration of vision in their second eye. In 1 of the 2 patients who had treatment initiated within 16 days after first eye involvement, good visual acuity was maintained in the study eye at 15 month followup, despite a mildly abnormal study eye baseline visual field.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LHON may be a bilateral condition at onset more frequently than appreciated, with asymmetric severity at presentation. Topical brimonidine purite in this dosage was unsuccessful in preventing second eye involvement in recently monocularly-symptomatic LHON.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University School of Medicine, Emory Eye Center, 1365-B Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30322, USA. ophtnjn@emory.edu
authors.forename: Nancy J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Biousse
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: David
authors.forename: M Tariq
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Bhatti
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Hamilton
authors.forename: Bradley K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Farris
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Lesser
authors.forename: Steven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: Roger E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Turbin
authors.forename: Kuankuan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Robert P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Keaney
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000293:Adolescent; D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000068438:Brimonidine Tartrate; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D029242:Optic Atrophy, Hereditary, Leber / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011292:Premedication; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014794:Visual Fields
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D011810:Quinoxalines; D000068438:Brimonidine Tartrate