title: Current therapy: complications associated with rigid internal fixation of facial fractures.
abstract: Rigid internal fixation (RIF) is commonly used for the anatomical reduction and fixation of facial fractures. This technique has many advantages over more traditional methods, such as wire osteosynthesis and maxillomandibular fixation. Properly placed RIF ensures a stable anatomical reduction and allows for immediate or early restoration of function. RIF has a number of complications associated with its use in facial trauma surgery including metal sensitivity, infection, neurologic injury, dental trauma, stress shielding, and malocclusion. Complication rates appear to be inversely proportional with operator skill and experience when using RIF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, New Jersey Dental School, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, NJ, USA.
authors.forename: Shahid R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Aziz
authors.forename: Vincent B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Ziccardi
authors.forename: Gregory
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Borah
mesh_terms: D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D020878:Device Removal; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005549:Foreign-Body Reaction / Q000209:etiology; D005593:Fracture Fixation, Internal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D019248:Jaw Fixation Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000209:etiology; D008446:Maxillofacial Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D008670:Metals / Q000009:adverse effects; D012887:Skull Fractures / Q000601:surgery*; D020886:Somatosensory Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D013529:Surgical Wound Dehiscence / Q000209:etiology; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000209:etiology; D018677:Tooth Injuries / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D008670:Metals