title: Characteristics of acetaminophen absorption in healthy unweaned calves as an indirect measurement of the oroduodenal transit rate of liquid meals.
abstract: Abomasal emptying plays an important role in the incidence of digestive problems in calves. Our aim was to evaluate the acetaminophen absorption test (APAT) for characterization of the oroduodenal transit (ODT) of liquid meals in unweaned calves. Six healthy, unweaned Simmental x Red Holstein crossbred calves were involved in the project. The study was performed in three blocks at 3, 6 and 9 weeks of the calves' age. Within blocks, APAT was performed twice at an interval of at least 24 h. Once per each block, liquid transit was carried out with non-coagulating electrolyte solution (NES). The second test within a block was performed either while atropine sulphate was administered (block I), or by feeding a coagulating milk replacer (block II), or by administration of NES by ruminal tube (block III). Data were compared within and among blocks. Significant differences of several APAT traits were present for the different types of feeding, the different types of meals, the administration of atropine sulphate and the different ages of the calves. The emptying index T(max)/C(max) was suggested to be a valuable kinetic parameter for the characterization of ODT in these calves. We conclude that APAT represents a valid technique for characterization of ODT of liquid meals in healthy unweaned calves and may be a valuable tool for the evaluation of the reticular groove mechanism, the abomasal emptying and the absorption capacity of the duodenum.
authors.affiliation: Clinic for Ruminants, Vetsuisse Faculty of the University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schaer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Herrli-Gygi
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kosmeas
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Boschung
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Steiner
mesh_terms: D000018:Abomasum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D000833:Animals, Suckling / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D004386:Duodenum / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005746:Gastric Emptying / Q000502:physiology*; D007408:Intestinal Absorption / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000082:Acetaminophen