Antioxidant effects of water-soluble fullerene derivatives against ultraviolet ray or peroxylipid through their action of scavenging the reactive oxygen species in human skin keratinocytes.
Chemically generated hydroxyl radicals were scavenged by PEG-modified fullerene, hydroxy-fullerene and isostearate-mixed fullerene as efficiently as ascorbic acid (Asc) or its 2-O-phosphorylated derivative (A2P) as shown by the DMPO-spin trap/ESR method. Enzymatically generated superoxide anion radicals were also scavenged by PEG-modified or PVP-entrapped fullerene similarly as done by Asc or A2P. Some reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as hydroperoxides and hydrogen peroxides were generated preferably in the nuclei of UVB-irradiated human skin keratinocytes HaCaT, and repressed by PVP- or gamma-cyclodextrin-fullerene. In contrast, the cytoplasm in the keratinocytes accumulated the ROS that were generated by the peroxylipid model compound t-BuOOH, and underwent the ROS repression by PVP-fullerene more markedly than by A2P. Thus several fullerene derivatives, especially PVP-fullerene, were shown to diminish the ROS amounts in terms of the molecular and cellular levels against either UVB or t-BuOOH, suggesting the expectation for development as rejuvenation cosmetics.
Xiao
Li
L
Laboratory of Cell Death Control BioTechnology, Hiroshima Prefectural University School of BioSciences, Shobara, Hiroshima 727-0023, Japan.
Takada
Hiroya
H
Maeda
Kentaro
K
Haramoto
Mari
M
Miwa
Nobuhiko
N
D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D037741:Fullerenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical / Q000378:metabolism; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D020122:tert-Butylhydroperoxide / Q000494:pharmacology
D000975:Antioxidants; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D037741:Fullerenes; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D017665:Hydroxyl Radical; D020122:tert-Butylhydroperoxide