title: Adhesion of Vibrio cholerae to granular starches.
abstract: Cholera is a severe diarrheal disease caused by specific serogroups of Vibrio cholerae that are pathogenic to humans. Cholera can become epidemic and deadly without adequate medical care. Appropriate rehydration therapy can reduce the mortality rate from as much as 50% of the affected individuals to <1%. Thus, oral rehydration therapy (ORT) is an important measure in the treatment of this disease. To further reduce the symptoms associated with cholera, improvements in oral rehydration solution (ORS) by starch incorporation were suggested. Here, we report that V. cholerae adheres to starch granules incorporated in ORS. Adhesion of 98% of the cells was observed within 2 min when cornstarch granules were used. Other starches showed varied adhesion rates, indicating that starch source and composition play an important role in the interaction of V. cholerae and starch granules. Sugars metabolized by V. cholerae showed a repressive effect on the adhesion process. The possible mechanisms involved are discussed. Comparing V. cholerae adhesion with the adhesion of other pathogens suggests the involvement of starch degradation capabilities. This adhesion to granular starch can be used to improve ORT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biotechnology and Food Engineering, The Technion, Haifa 32000, Israel.
authors.forename: Hanan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gancz
authors.forename: Orly
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Niderman-Meyer
authors.forename: Meir
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Broza
authors.forename: Yechezkel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kashi
authors.forename: Eyal
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Shimoni
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D002683:Chironomidae / Q000382:microbiology; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D010063:Ovum / Q000382:microbiology; D015532:Rehydration Solutions / Q000737:chemistry*; D013213:Starch / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D041241:Vibrio cholerae O1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D015532:Rehydration Solutions; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D013213:Starch