title: Dignity therapy: a novel psychotherapeutic intervention for patients near the end of life.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined a novel intervention, dignity therapy, designed to address psychosocial and existential distress among terminally ill patients. Dignity therapy invites patients to discuss issues that matter most or that they would most want remembered. Sessions are transcribed and edited, with a returned final version that they can bequeath to a friend or family member. The objective of this study was to establish the feasibility of dignity therapy and determine its impact on various measures of psychosocial and existential distress.
  
  
  METHODS
  Terminally ill inpatients and those receiving home-based palliative care services in Winnipeg, Canada, and Perth, Australia, were asked to complete pre- and post-intervention measures of sense of dignity, depression, suffering, and hopelessness; sense of purpose, sense of meaning, desire for death, will to live, and suicidality; and a post-intervention satisfaction survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ninety-one percent of participants reported being satisfied with dignity therapy; 76% reported a heightened sense of dignity; 68% reported an increased sense of purpose; 67% reported a heightened sense of meaning; 47% reported an increased will to live; and 81% reported that it had been or would be of help to their family. Post-intervention measures of suffering showed significant improvement (P = .023) and reduced depressive symptoms (P = .05). Finding dignity therapy helpful to their family correlated with life feeling more meaningful (r = 0.480; P = .000) and having a sense of purpose (r = 0.562; P = .000), accompanied by a lessened sense of suffering (r = 0.327; P = .001) and increased will to live (r = 0.387; P = .000).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dignity therapy shows promise as a novel therapeutic intervention for suffering and distress at the end of life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Family Medicine, Community Health Sciences, and Faculty of Nursing, University of Manitoba, Canada. harvey.chochinov@cancercare.mb.ca
authors.forename: Harvey Max
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Chochinov
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hack
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hassard
authors.forename: Linda J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Kristjanson
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McClement
authors.forename: Mike
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Harlos
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001293:Attitude to Death; D001315:Australia; D017281:Cost of Illness; D005195:Family Relations; D006801:Humans; D008350:Manitoba; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011788:Quality of Life; D012297:Right to Die; D029181:Spirituality; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013315:Stress, Psychological; D013727:Terminal Care / Q000379:methods*; D019452:Terminally Ill / Q000523:psychology*