title: Evaluation of rotavirus dsRNA load in specimens and body fluids from experimentally infected juvenile macaques by real-time PCR.
abstract: We recently established a non-human primate model of rotavirus infection that is characterized by consistent and high levels of virus antigen shedding in stools. Here, we report that starting from post challenge day (PCD) 2, 6 x 10(3) to 1.5 x 10(6) copies of rotavirus double-stranded RNA per nanogram of total RNA were detected by real-time PCR in MA104 cells that were 48 h pre-incubated with filtered stool suspensions of three experimentally infected juvenile macaques. The peak of virus load was detected at PCD 4-5, followed by decreased load at PCD 6-11, and very low levels at PCD 12. Such a pattern corresponded to virus shedding in stools as reported recently based on enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) results. In addition, plasma and cerebrospinal fluids (CSF) from six infected animals were tested for the presence of rotavirus. Rotavirus extraintestinal escape was revealed in three out of six animals by a combination of real-time and nested PCR. However, very low quantities of detected viral RNA (approximately 20 copies/ng of total RNA) were not suggestive of viremia. Thus, the rhesus model of rotavirus infection can be exploited further in studies with vaccine candidates designed to prevent or abrogate rotavirus infection.
authors.affiliation: Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Mingjing
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Tamika
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bridges-Malveo
authors.forename: Mayra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cantú
authors.forename: Monica M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: McNeal
authors.forename: Anthony H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Richard L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: Karol
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sestak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001826:Body Fluids / Q000821:virology; D002460:Cell Line; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000821:virology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D008253:Macaca mulatta; D010949:Plasma / Q000821:virology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000032:analysis*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis*; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000821:virology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D019562:Viral Load; D014766:Viremia; D017201:Virus Shedding
chemical_list: D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D012367:RNA, Viral