title: Detection and identification of bacterial DNA in serum from patients with acute pancreatitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bacterial infections are common complications in patients with acute pancreatitis, and translocation of bacteria from the intestinal lumen is probably the first step in the pathogenesis of these infections. As blood cultures in afebrile patients are usually negative, more sensitive methods to investigate this hypothesis in patients are needed. Our group has recently developed a method to detect the presence of bacterial DNA in biological fluids, and we aimed to detect bacterial DNA in patients with acute pancreatitis, as molecular evidences of bacterial translocation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples of blood were obtained on three consecutive days within the first six days after admission. Bacterial DNA was detected using a polymerase chain reaction based method, and an automated DNA nucleotide sequencing process allowed identification of bacteria species.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty one consecutively admitted patients with acute pancreatitis were studied. Bacterial DNA was detected in six patients (19.3%), and the sequencing process allowed identification of Citrobacter freundii and Pseudomonas aeruginosa. In two patients the same bacteria detected at admission was detected 24 hours later (above 99.9% homology of nucleotide sequence). Basic clinical and biochemical characteristics were similar among patients with or without the presence of bacterial DNA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Detection of gram negative bacteria derived bacterial DNA in our series supports the contention that bacterial translocation is a systemic process in approximately 20% of patients with acute pancreatitis that does not seem to be related to the severity of the episode or immediate development of infection.
authors.affiliation: Sección Aparato Digestivo, Hospital General Universitario de Alicante, Pintor Baeza s/n 03010 Alicante, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Madaria
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martínez
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lozano
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sempere
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Benlloch
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Such
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Uceda
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Francés
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pérez-Mateo
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000150:complications*; D018988:Bacterial Translocation; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D016971:Citrobacter freundii / Q000235:genetics; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000097:blood*; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000382:microbiology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000150:complications; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000032:analysis; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S