title: Selective vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons to microtubule depolymerization.
abstract: Parkinson disease (PD) is characterized by the specific degeneration of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in substantia nigra and has been linked to a variety of environmental and genetic factors. Rotenone, an environmental PD toxin, exhibited much greater toxicity to DA neurons in midbrain neuronal cultures than to non-DA neurons. The effect was significantly decreased by the microtubule-stabilizing drug taxol and mimicked by microtubule-depolymerizing agents such as colchicine or nocodazole. Microtubule depolymerization disrupted vesicular transport along microtubules and caused the accumulation of dopamine vesicles in the soma. This led to increased oxidative stress due to oxidation of cytosolic dopamine leaked from vesicles. Inhibition of dopamine metabolism significantly reduced rotenone toxicity. Thus, our results suggest that microtubule depolymerization induced by PD toxins such as rotenone plays a key role in the selective death of dopaminergic neurons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, State University of New York, Buffalo, New York 14214, USA.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Wenhua
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Houbo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Qian
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D016923:Cell Death; D003078:Colchicine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003600:Cytosol / Q000737:chemistry; D004298:Dopamine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D008870:Microtubules / Q000378:metabolism*; D009410:Nerve Degeneration; D015739:Nocodazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000494:pharmacology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011108:Polymers; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D012402:Rotenone / Q000633:toxicity; D013378:Substantia Nigra; D014475:Uncoupling Agents / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D011954:Receptors, Dopamine; D014475:Uncoupling Agents; D012402:Rotenone; D017239:Paclitaxel; D015739:Nocodazole; D003078:Colchicine; D004298:Dopamine