title: Localization of calcitonin receptor-like receptor and receptor activity modifying protein 1 in enteric neurons, dorsal root ganglia, and the spinal cord of the rat.
abstract: Calcitonin receptor-like receptor (CLR) and receptor activity modifying protein 1 (RAMP1) comprise a receptor for calcitonin gene related peptide (CGRP) and intermedin. Although CGRP is widely expressed in the nervous system, less is known about the localization of CLR and RAMP1. To localize these proteins, we raised antibodies to CLR and RAMP1. Antibodies specifically interacted with CLR and RAMP1 in HEK cells coexpressing rat CLR and RAMP1, determined by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. Fluorescent CGRP specifically bound to the surface of these cells and CGRP, CLR, and RAMP1 internalized into the same endosomes. CLR was prominently localized in nerve fibers of the myenteric and submucosal plexuses, muscularis externa and lamina propria of the gastrointestinal tract, and in the dorsal horn of the spinal cord of rats. CLR was detected at low levels in the soma of enteric, dorsal root ganglia (DRG), and spinal neurons. RAMP1 was also localized to enteric and DRG neurons and the dorsal horn. CLR and RAMP1 were detected in perivascular nerves and arterial smooth muscle. Nerve fibers containing CGRP and intermedin were closely associated with CLR fibers in the gastrointestinal tract and dorsal horn, and CGRP and CLR colocalized in DRG neurons. Thus, CLR and RAMP1 may mediate the effects of CGRP and intermedin in the nervous system. However, mRNA encoding RAMP2 and RAMP3 was also detected in the gastrointestinal tract, DRG, and dorsal horn, suggesting that CLR may associate with other RAMPs in these tissues to form a receptor for additional peptides such as adrenomedullin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of California-San Francisco, 521 Parnassus Avenue, San Francisco, CA 94143-0660, USA.
authors.forename: Graeme S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Cottrell
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Roosterman
authors.forename: Juan-Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Marvizon
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wick
authors.forename: Stella
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pikios
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Berthelier
authors.forename: Yat
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Catia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sternini
authors.forename: Nigel W
authors.initials: NW
authors.lastname: Bunnett
authors.forename: Eileen F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Grady
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D015152:Blotting, Northern / Q000379:methods; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000379:methods; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D017615:Enteric Nervous System / Q000166:cytology*; D005727:Ganglia, Spinal / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D037102:Lectins / Q000378:metabolism; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D011763:Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D051381:Rats; D058262:Receptor Activity-Modifying Protein 1; D058263:Receptor Activity-Modifying Protein 2; D058264:Receptor Activity-Modifying Protein 3; D058261:Receptor Activity-Modifying Proteins; D018003:Receptors, Calcitonin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000378:metabolism*; D013373:Substance P; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D037102:Lectins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011763:Pyrrolizidine Alkaloids; C545502:RAMP1 protein, human; C545503:RAMP2 protein, human; C545504:RAMP3 protein, human; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C545508:Ramp1 protein, rat; C545509:Ramp2 protein, rat; C545510:Ramp3 protein, rat; D058262:Receptor Activity-Modifying Protein 1; D058263:Receptor Activity-Modifying Protein 2; D058264:Receptor Activity-Modifying Protein 3; D058261:Receptor Activity-Modifying Proteins; D018003:Receptors, Calcitonin; D013373:Substance P; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; C018336:indicine