title: Molecular identification of PAL-E, a widely used endothelial-cell marker.
abstract: The pathologische anatomie Leiden-endothelium (PAL-E) antibody has been used for almost 20 years as a specific marker for vascular endothelial cells. Due to the fact that this antibody works only in very limited applications, the molecular identity of PAL-E has remained unknown. In this work, we demonstrate by double stainings, cross-immunoprecipitations, and transfectants that the PAL-E antigen is identical with a protein designated PV-1 (plasmalemmal vesicle 1) or FELS (fenestrated endothelial-linked structure protein) and is not vimentin, as reported earlier. As the expression of this molecule is by no means restricted to fenestrated endothelium, we suggest the use of the name PLVAP for this protein. Molecular identification of PLVAP should help in the production of new tools for the identification of vascular as opposed to lymphatic endothelium and to elucidate the function of this protein.
authors.affiliation: MediCity Research Laboratory, Turku University, Finland.
authors.forename: Harri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Niemelä
authors.forename: Kati
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Elima
authors.forename: Tiina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Henttinen
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Irjala
authors.forename: Marko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salmi
authors.forename: Sirpa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jalkanen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D016466:CHO Cells; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D015870:Gene Expression; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation / Q000379:methods; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C486771:PLVAP protein, human