title: Deprivation: different implications for forensic psychiatric need in urban and rural areas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ecological relationships between deprivation and forensic psychiatric admission rates may differ in urban and rural areas.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the study was to compare the relationship between material deprivation and forensic admission rates in rural and urban areas for a whole-national service in Ireland over a 3-year period.
  
  
  METHODS
  All Irish forensic admissions from 1997 to 1999 were allocated to the appropriate small area. Material deprivation scores were calculated from census data. Mean annual admission rates and Bayesian standardised forensic admission ratios for small areas were aggregated by material deprivation score and population density.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At small area level, there were significant non-linear increases in forensic admissions with increasing deprivation. The increases in urban areas (population density >10/hectare) were absent in less densely populated areas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Deprivation alone may not be the key factor in predicting forensic service utilisation. Factors associated with specifically urban deprived areas may be of greater relevance in planning services.
authors.affiliation: Centtral Mental Hospital Dundrum, Dublin 14, Ireland.
authors.forename: Conor
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: O'Neill
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: Hamish
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sinclair
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kennedy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D003134:Commitment of Persons with Psychiatric Disorders / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003416:Criminal Law / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005555:Forensic Psychiatry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006287:Health Planning Guidelines; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007494:Ireland; D008297:Male; D008426:Maternal Deprivation; D008875:Middle Aged; D010343:Patient Admission / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011156:Population Density; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017062:Small-Area Analysis; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014505:Urban Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*