Rules of recruitment for Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes in inflamed liver: a role for alpha-4 integrin and vascular adhesion protein-1.
The mechanisms that mediate the recruitment of Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes in vivo are poorly understood. We demonstrate that the mechanisms by which exogenously produced CD4(+) Th1 and Th2 cells roll and adhere in Con A-inflamed liver microcirculation differ dramatically: Th1 cells use alpha(4)beta(1)-integrin and Th2 cells use the vascular adhesion protein (VAP)-1. P-selectin plays no detectable role in Th1 or Th2 cell trafficking in liver microcirculation. Cellular recruitment in the liver sinusoids has previously been shown to be independent of many known adhesion molecules, leading to the suggestion that recruitment in these structures is mediated by physical trapping. While this may still be true for neutrophils, Th1 and Th2 cells use alpha(4)-integrin and VAP-1, respectively, to adhere within the liver sinusoids.
Bonder
Claudine S
CS
Immunology Research Group, Department Physiology and Biophysics, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
Norman
M Ursula
MU
Swain
Mark G
MG
Zbytnuik
Lori D
LD
Yamanouchi
Jun
J
Santamaria
Pere
P
Ajuebor
Maureen
M
Salmi
Marko
M
Jalkanen
Sirpa
S
Kubes
Paul
P
D006631:Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing) / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000276:immunology; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000276:immunology*; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D006505:Hepatitis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology; D039441:Integrin alpha4 / Q000502:physiology*; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009088:Mucoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D007136:Immunoglobulins; C489082:Madcam1 protein, mouse; D009088:Mucoproteins; D019007:P-Selectin; D003208:Concanavalin A; D039441:Integrin alpha4; D006631:Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing); C492678:semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase-vascular adhesion protein-1, mouse