title: Intra-familial prevalence of hepatitis B virologic markers in HBsAg positive family members in Nahavand, Iran.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of hepatitis B in Nahavand and evaluate the HBsAg positive prevalence in families with a member who was confirmed to have HBV infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was performed in two phases. In the first phase, 1 824 subjects in Nahavand city were selected. The interviewers visited the houses of chosen families to fill the questionnaire and take the blood samples. All subjects signed an informed consent before interviews and blood sampling. The samples were evaluated for HBV virologic markers. In the second phase, 115 HBsAg-positive cases were enrolled and evaluated for HBV virologic markers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of positive HBsAg in Nahavand was 2.3%. The most frequent relatives of index cases were sons and daughters (32.2% and 23.5% respectively). Twelve (11%) of all family members were HBsAg positive. Fifty (56.2%) were isolated HBsAb positive and only one person (2.5%) was isolated HBcAb positive. The higher rates of HBsAg marker were detected in the brothers (1-25%) and fathers (1-12.5%). The infection rate in husbands and wives of index cases was 10%. Only two (16.7%) of all HBsAg-positive participants reported previous HBV vaccination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of intra-familial HBV infection is lower in Nahavand of Iran compared to other studies. More attention should be paid to HBV vaccination and risk-lowering activities.
authors.affiliation: Research Center for Gastroenterology and Liver Disease, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, 7th Floor, Taleghani Hospital, Yaman Street, Evin, Tehran 19857, Iran. article@rcgld.org
authors.forename: Amir Houshang
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Mohammad Alizadeh
authors.forename: Mitra
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ranjbar
authors.forename: Shahin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ansari
authors.forename: Seyed Moayed
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Alavian
authors.forename: Hamid Mohaghegh
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Shalmani
authors.forename: Leila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hekmat
authors.forename: Mohammad Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Zali
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003710:Demography; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics; D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D006514:Hepatitis B Surface Antigens