title: Pregnancy rates in repeat-breeder heifers following multiple artificial inseminations during spontaneous oestrus.
abstract: Hormonal asynchronies during oestrus, related to the presence of suprabasal plasma-progesterone (P4) concentrations and a delayed ovulation, interfere with the fertility of repeat-breeder heifers (RBH). Since tubal dysfunction can occur in connection with hormonal asynchronies and constrained availability of fertile spermatozoa at the time of ovulation, the present study tested the hypothesis that frequent sperm deposition from onset of oestrus to ovulation may improve pregnancy rates in RBH. Five RBH and five virgin heifers (VH; controls) were repeatedly artificially inseminated (AI) at 6 h intervals from onset of oestrus to spontaneous ovulation. Hormone analyses revealed suprabasal P4 concentrations and a delay in the occurrence of the luteinising hormone (LH) surge, but a normal cortisol profile in RBH. Compared with controls, RBH presented longer interval from onset of oestrus to ovulation, and therefore, received more AIs. Pregnancy rates in RBH reached control levels (60%; NS), indicating that the hypothesis might be correct. Pregnancy rates in VH were below the expected range, presumably attributed to a deleterious influence of the frequent handling. The study suggests that pregnancy rates can be improved in RBH by frequent AI in relation to spontaneous ovulation. However, this practice of repeated manipulations, while seeming not to show adverse effects, lacks practicality for routine use.
authors.affiliation: Division of Comparative Reproduction, Obstetrics and Udder Health, Department of Clinical Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine and Animal Science, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Centre for Reproductive Biology in Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Bhupender
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Saravia
authors.forename: Renée
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Båge
authors.forename: Heriberto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Martínez
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004972:Estrus Detection / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000097:blood; D007315:Insemination, Artificial / Q000662:veterinary*; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D010060:Ovulation; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D006854:Hydrocortisone