Antimycobacterial agents from selected Mexican medicinal plants.
As part of the ICBG program Bioactive Agents from Dryland Biodiversity of Latin America, the present investigation was undertaken to explore the possible antimycobacterial potential of compounds derived from selected Mexican medicinal plants. Bioassay-guided fractionation of the crude extracts of Rumex hymenosepalus (Polygonaceae), Larrea divaricata (Zygophyllaceae), Phoradendron robinsonii (Loranthaceae) and Amphipteryngium adstringens (Julianiaceae) led to the isolation of several antimycobacterial compounds. Four stilbenoids, two flavan-3-ols and three anthraquinones were isolated from R. hymenosepalus. Two flavonols and nordihydroguaiaretic acid were obtained from L. divaricata. Sakuranetin was the antimycobacterial agent isolated from P. robinsonii. Two known triterpenoids and the novel natural product 3-dodecyl-1,8-dihydroxy-2-naphthoic acid were obtained from A. adstringens. In general, the isolates were identified by spectral means. The antimycobacterial activity of the secondary compounds isolated from the analysed species, as well as that of nine pure compounds previously isolated in our laboratories, was investigated; the MIC values ranged from 16 to 128 microg mL-1. Among the tested compounds, the glycolipids, sesquiterpenoids and triterpenoids showed the best antimycobacterial activity. The antimycobacterial property of the glycolipids is reported for the first time. Although the tested compounds showed moderate antimycobacterial activity, their presence in the analysed species provides the rationale for their traditional use in the treatment of tuberculosis.
Rivero-Cruz
Isabel
I
Departamento de Farmacia, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, Mexico City, Coyoacán, 04510, México.
Acevedo
Laura
L
Guerrero
José A
JA
Martínez
Sergio
S
Bye
Robert
R
Pereda-Miranda
Rogelio
R
Franzblau
Scott
S
Timmermann
Barbara N
BN
Mata
Rachel
R
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods; D008800:Mexico / Q000208:ethnology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry*; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000188:drug therapy*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts