title: Bioactive compounds in cod (Gadus morhua) products and suitability of 1H NMR metabolite profiling for classification of the products using multivariate data analyses.
abstract: This work investigates the suitability of (1)H NMR spectroscopy to identify the fate of some bioactive compounds in seafood submitted to several processing conditions and examines the possibility of using (1)H NMR spectroscopy profiling to classify such products. Perchloric acid extracts of cod white muscle from newly killed and (i) unprocessed, (ii) boiled, and (iii) fried fillets and from (iv) frozen fillets, (v) the frozen fillets after thawing, and (vi) their drip loss and from (vii) rehydrated cod klippfish (n = 5) were analyzed by 500 MHz (1)H NMR spectroscopy. It was possible to identify taurine, betaine, anserine, creatine, and trimethylamine oxide (TMAO) in all extracts examined, and frozen fish was recognizable by the presence of dimethylamine (DMA). None of the heating procedures seemed to induce the loss of bioactive compounds from the fillet, but freezing and thawing did: the compounds were lost in what is known as drip loss. About 80% of the samples were correctly classified using a probabilistic neural network procedure having as inputs the scores of the first 20 principal components of the principal component analysis of a selected region of the NMR spectra.
authors.affiliation: SINTEF Fisheries and Aquaculture Ltd., N-7465 Trondheim, Norway. iciar.martinez@sintef.no
authors.forename: Iciar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: Tone
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bathen
authors.forename: Inger Beate
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Standal
authors.forename: Johanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Halvorsen
authors.forename: Marit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aursand
authors.forename: Ingrid S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Gribbestad
authors.forename: David E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Axelson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000861:Anserine / Q000032:analysis; D001622:Betaine / Q000032:analysis; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods; D005615:Freezing; D048389:Gadus morhua; D006358:Hot Temperature; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis*; D009132:Muscles / Q000737:chemistry; D013654:Taurine / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D013654:Taurine; D001622:Betaine; D000861:Anserine