title: A comparison of isoload and isoinertial leg press training on bone and muscle outcomes.
abstract: The subjects of this study (n = 20; 16 women, 4 men) performed 10 weeks of leg press training using one of two exercise modes (isoload or isotonic) with no crossover. Their workouts, which were performed 3 times per week, involved 4 sets of 8 repetitions with maximal voluntary effort. Testing was performed pre- and posttraining to examine bone and muscle changes. Posttraining, both groups incurred significant concentric knee extensor strength and leg muscle mass gains, while the percentage of body fat and total body fat mass each decreased. Leg and total body bone mineral densities showed group-by-time interactions, as isoload exercise caused posttraining gains, while isoinertial values were unchanged. Bone resorption assays showed insignificant changes. Isoload training likely involved greater strain magnitudes and rates to evoke higher peak forces and osteogenesis. Transduction of the training stimulus may have involved (a) formation in response to microdamage, and (b) piezoelectric-induced potentials that stimulated site-specific osteoblast activity and osteogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Exercise Physiology Laboratory, University of Nevada, Reno, Nevada 89557, USA. john-caruso@utulsa.edu
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Caruso
authors.forename: John L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Hamill
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: Miki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D015519:Bone Density; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007866:Leg / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009142:Musculoskeletal Physiological Phenomena; D010806:Physical Education and Training / Q000379:methods*; D013314:Stress, Mechanical