Artificial deformation of the human skull: a review.
Early examples of intentional human cranial deformation predate written history. Intentional cranial deformation as an extreme has seemingly not persisted into this century. However, mild forms of this manipulation are still practiced by various groups worldwide. Accidental cranial deformation or mild forms of intentional cranial deformation may be encountered by the clinician or anatomist. We review the literature regarding intentional manipulation of the human cranium.
Tubbs
R Shane
RS
Department of Cell Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, USA. rstubbs@uab.edu
Salter
E George
EG
Oakes
W Jerry
WJ
D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D049690:History, Ancient; D049691:History, Medieval; D006801:Humans; D012652:Self Mutilation / Q000266:history*; D012886:Skull / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D013580:Synostosis / Q000473:pathology