title: Activation of CD1d-independent NK1.1+ T cells in the large intestine by Lactobacilli.
abstract: Among digestive organs, the liver and the large intestine are abundant in T cells expressing NK1.1. NK1.1+ T cells in the liver are mostly CD1d-dependent whereas those in the large intestine are CD1d-independent. In this study, we investigated the effects of Lactobacilli on NK1.1+ T cells in the digestive organs of mice. C57BL/6 mice were orally given a dietary supplement prepared from mixed cultures of eight strains of Lactobacilli. Oral administration of Lactobacilli to mice resulted in the selective expansion of NK1.1+ T cells in the large intestine. These colon NK1.1+ T cells activated by Lactobacilli were found to express IFN-gamma mRNA. The level of IFN-gamma in the serum was also elevated by the administration of Lactobacilli. Our results suggest that Lactobacilli selectively activate CD1d-independent NK1.1+ T cells in the large intestine to produce IFN-gamma and therefore modulate Th1 immune responses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Immunology, Niigata University School of Medicine, Asahimachi-dori 1-757, Niigata 951-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kanda
authors.forename: Tomoyo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishizawa
authors.forename: Tsuneo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iiai
authors.forename: Katsuyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hatakeyama
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018949:Antigens, CD1 / Q000378:metabolism; D000950:Antigens, Ly; D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000378:metabolism*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D007420:Intestine, Large / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000276:immunology*; D037181:Lectins, C-Type / Q000378:metabolism*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D055651:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily B; D009928:Organ Specificity; D010641:Phenotype; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018949:Antigens, CD1; D000950:Antigens, Ly; D000954:Antigens, Surface; D016207:Cytokines; C527211:Klrb1c protein, mouse; D037181:Lectins, C-Type; D055651:NK Cell Lectin-Like Receptor Subfamily B; D012333:RNA, Messenger