title: Long-term outcome after radiotherapy alone for lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma: a retrospective multicenter study of the Australasian Radiation Oncology Lymphoma Group.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The curative potential of radiotherapy (RT) alone as initial treatment for patients with Stage I-II lymphocyte-predominant Hodgkin lymphoma (LPHL) has not been defined well.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred two patients who were treated between 1969 and 1995 were evaluated in a retrospective, multicenter study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patient characteristics were as follows: The median age was 31 years, 75% of patients were male, 80% of patients had Ann Arbor Stage I disease, 1% of patients had bulky disease, 3% of patients had B symptoms, 1% of patients had extranodal involvement, and 80% of patients had supradiaphragmatic disease. The RT fields were a full mantle field in 52% of patients, less than a full mantle field in 24% of patients, an inverted-Y field in 17% of patients, less than an inverted-Y field in 3% of patients, and total lymph node irradiation in 3% of patients. The median dose was 36 Gray. The median follow-up was 15 years. The overall survival (OS) rate at 15 years was 83%, and freedom from progression (FFP) was observed in 82% of patients, including 84% of patients with Stage I disease and 73% of patients with Stage II disease. No recurrent LPHL and only 1 patient with non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) were reported after 15 years. Adverse prognostic factors that were identified on multifactor analysis were as follows: for OS, age 45 years or older (P < 0.0005), the presence of B symptoms (P = 0.002), increasing number of sites (P = 0.015); for FFP, increasing number of sites (P = 0.002). No significant difference was found in FFP in a comparison of patients who received elective mediastinal RT with patients who did not receive mediastinal RT (P = 0.11). Causes of death at 15 years were LPHL in 3% of patients, NHL in 2% of patients, in-field malignancy in 2% of patients, in-field cardiac/respiratory in 4% of patients, and other in 6% of patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current data suggested that RT potentially may be curative for patients with Stage I-II LPHL and raise the possibility that limited-field RT may be used without loss of treatment efficacy. Involved-field RT warrants further investigation for patients with early-stage LPHL.
authors.affiliation: Division of Radiation Oncology, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, East Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. andrew.wirth@petermac.org
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wirth
authors.forename: Kally
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yuen
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barton
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Roos
authors.forename: Kumar
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gogna
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pratt
authors.forename: Craig
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Macleod
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bydder
authors.forename: Graeme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Morgan
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Christie
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002423:Cause of Death; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016879:Salvage Therapy