Calcium pumps in the central nervous system.
Two families of Ca2+ transport ATPases are involved in the maintenance of Ca2+ homeostasis in the nervous system, the plasma membrane Ca2+-ATPase that pumps Ca2+ to the extracellular medium and the intracellular sarco/endoplasmic reticulum Ca2+-ATPase that transports Ca2+ from the cytosol to the endoplasmic reticulum. Both types of calcium pumps show precise regulatory properties and they are localized in specific subcellular regions. In this review, we describe the functional and regulatory properties of both families of calcium pumps, their distribution in nerve cells, and their involvement in neurological disorders. The functional characterization of neuronal calcium pumps is very important in order to understand the biochemical processes involved in the maintenance of intracellular calcium in synaptic terminals.
Mata
Ana M
AM
Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular y Genética, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Extremadura, Avda de Elvas 06071 Badajoz, Spain. anam@unex.es
Sepúlveda
M Rosario
MR
D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000502:physiology*; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D008959:Models, Neurological; D053499:Plasma Membrane Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D053498:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D013569:Synapses / Q000378:metabolism
D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D053499:Plasma Membrane Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D053498:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D002118:Calcium