title: A case-control study of risk factors in men with chronic pelvic pain syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the demographic, behavioural, clinical and medical history characteristics of men with chronic prostatitis/chronic pelvic pain syndrome (CP/CPPS) and asymptomatic controls, to identify characteristics that might be associated with this syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  Self-administered epidemiological questionnaires were completed by 463 men with CP/CPPS and 121 asymptomatic age-matched controls. We compared the prevalence of possible risk factors between men with CP/CPPS and controls, using generalized Mantel-Haenszel tests, and developed multivariate predictive models using logistic regression methods, adjusting for clustering by clinical centre within both methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared to controls, men with CP/CPPS reported a significantly greater lifetime prevalence of nonspecific urethritis (12% vs 4%, P = 0.008), cardiovascular disease (11% vs 2%, P = 0.004), neurological disease (41% vs 14%, P < 0.001), psychiatric conditions (29% vs 11%, P < 0.001), and haematopoietic, lymphatic or infectious disease (41% vs 20%, P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A wide range of self-reported medical conditions was associated with CP/CPPS. Further studies are necessary to determine whether they play a role in the pathogenesis of CP/CPPS.
authors.affiliation: Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA. Pontarm@tuhs.temple.edu
authors.forename: Michel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Pontari
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McNaughton-Collins
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: O'leary
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Calhoun
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kusek
authors.forename: J Richard
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Landis
authors.forename: Jill
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Knauss
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Litwin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000150:complications; D002908:Chronic Disease; D018856:Cystitis, Interstitial / Q000150:complications; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D052801:Male Urogenital Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000150:complications; D017699:Pelvic Pain / Q000209:etiology*; D011472:Prostatitis / Q000150:complications; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013577:Syndrome; D014481:United States; D014526:Urethritis / Q000150:complications