title: Translation and validation of the danish version of the Bournemouth questionnaire.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Translation, cultural adaptation, and validation of the Danish version of the Bournemouth Questionnaire (BQ).
  
  
  METHODS
  Translation/retranslation of the English version of the BQ was done blindly and independently by 4 different individuals and adapted by an expert team. The Danish version of the BQ was tested for face validity in a sample of low-back pain (LBP) patients attending 2 chiropractic clinics. Reproducibility was tested using 28 stable LBP patients attending a hospital outpatient back-pain clinic. Finally, the Danish version of the BQ was tested for external construct validity, external longitudinal construct validity, internal consistency, and sensitivity to change against the Danish versions of the SF-36 and the Roland-Morris Disability Questionnaire (RMDQ) using 118 first-time LBP patients reporting to 1 of 7 chiropractic clinics.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Minor changes were made after the face-validity test. Intraclass correlation coefficient of the total score for the BQ based on the 2 administrations was 0.96. Satisfactory values for the external construct validity and the external longitudinal construct validity were found using both Pearson r and Bland-Altman plots. Cronbach alpha's were .89 and .88 for the pretreatment and posttreatment scores, respectively. The Danish version of the BQ showed greater responsiveness than the SF-36 and similar responsiveness when compared with the RMDQ.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The BQ was successfully translated and culturally adapted into Danish. The BQ was successfully tested for validity, consistency, and responsiveness against the Danish version of the SF-36 and RMDQ.
authors.affiliation: Nordic Institute of Chiropractic and Clinical Biomechanics, Odense, Denmark. j.hartvigsen@nikkb.dk
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hartvigsen
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lauridsen
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ekström
authors.forename: Mikael Busse
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: Frederik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.forename: Nikolai
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kofoed
authors.forename: Niels
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Grunnet-Nilsson
mesh_terms: D003718:Denmark; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D026882:Manipulation, Chiropractic; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*