title: Joint trajectory analysis of treated adolescents' alcohol use and symptoms over 1 year.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study characterized treated adolescents' alcohol use and symptom trajectories over 1 year to describe the form of use trajectories and symptom trajectories, and the joint probability of membership in alcohol use and symptom trajectory groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  109 teens (age 14-18, 66% male, 94% white), recruited from addictions treatment, with a lifetime DSM-IV alcohol diagnosis, reported on daily alcohol use and symptoms in monthly phone contacts using the Time Line Follow-Back method. A group-based modeling method jointly estimated trajectories of use and symptoms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four alcohol use trajectories were identified: "Abstinent" (31%), Low (36%), Increasing (28%), and High Use (5%). Three alcohol symptom trajectories were identified: Very Low severity (44%), Mild (44%), and High severity (12%). The most frequent joint outcome was "Abstinent" and Very Low symptom severity (32%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Symptom severity was moderately related to alcohol use pattern over 1 year. Findings have implications for moving beyond relapse defined as a return to "any use" to consideration of treatment outcome in terms of a broader pattern of alcohol use and problems.
authors.affiliation: University of Pittsburgh Medical Center, Western Psychiatric Institute and Clinic, Pittsburgh Adolescent Alcohol Research Center, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. chungta@upmc.edu
authors.forename: Tammy
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Maisto
authors.forename: Jack R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Cornelius
authors.forename: Christopher S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Kristina M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Jackson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000294:Adolescent Behavior / Q000523:psychology*; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology*; D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy; D004361:Drug Tolerance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012720:Severity of Illness Index