title: Rules of recruitment for Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes in inflamed liver: a role for alpha-4 integrin and vascular adhesion protein-1.
abstract: The mechanisms that mediate the recruitment of Th1 and Th2 lymphocytes in vivo are poorly understood. We demonstrate that the mechanisms by which exogenously produced CD4(+) Th1 and Th2 cells roll and adhere in Con A-inflamed liver microcirculation differ dramatically: Th1 cells use alpha(4)beta(1)-integrin and Th2 cells use the vascular adhesion protein (VAP)-1. P-selectin plays no detectable role in Th1 or Th2 cell trafficking in liver microcirculation. Cellular recruitment in the liver sinusoids has previously been shown to be independent of many known adhesion molecules, leading to the suggestion that recruitment in these structures is mediated by physical trapping. While this may still be true for neutrophils, Th1 and Th2 cells use alpha(4)-integrin and VAP-1, respectively, to adhere within the liver sinusoids.
authors.affiliation: Immunology Research Group, Department Physiology and Biophysics, University of Calgary, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Claudine S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Bonder
authors.forename: M Ursula
authors.initials: MU
authors.lastname: Norman
authors.forename: Mark G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Swain
authors.forename: Lori D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Zbytnuik
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yamanouchi
authors.forename: Pere
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Santamaria
authors.forename: Maureen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ajuebor
authors.forename: Marko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salmi
authors.forename: Sirpa
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jalkanen
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kubes
mesh_terms: D006631:Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing) / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000276:immunology; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000276:immunology*; D003208:Concanavalin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D006505:Hepatitis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology; D039441:Integrin alpha4 / Q000502:physiology*; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009088:Mucoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D007136:Immunoglobulins; C489082:Madcam1 protein, mouse; D009088:Mucoproteins; D019007:P-Selectin; D003208:Concanavalin A; D039441:Integrin alpha4; D006631:Amine Oxidase (Copper-Containing); C492678:semicarbazide-sensitive amine oxidase-vascular adhesion protein-1, mouse