Nitric oxide production and signaling in inflammation.
Nitric oxide (NO) is recognized as a mediator and regulator of inflammatory responses. It possesses cytotoxic properties that are aimed against pathogenic microbes, but it can also have damaging effects on host tissues. NO reacts with soluble guanylate cyclase to form cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP), which mediates many of the effects of NO. NO can also interact with molecular oxygen and superoxide anion to produce reactive nitrogen species that can modify various cellular functions. These indirect effects of NO have a significant role in inflammation, where NO is produced in high amounts by inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and reactive oxygen species are synthesized by activated inflammatory cells. The present review deals with NO production and signaling in inflammation, especially in relation to human neutrophils and eosinophils.
Korhonen
Riku
R
The Immunopharmacology Research Group, University of Tampere Medical School and Research Unit, Tampere University Hospital, Tampere, Finland.
Lahti
Aleksi
A
Kankaanranta
Hannu
H
Moilanen
Eeva
E
D000818:Animals; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000502:physiology*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D014157:Transcription Factors
D014157:Transcription Factors; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C496319:NOS2 protein, human; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II