An overview of the Central Queensland University self-contained evapotranspiration beds.
The Central Queensland University (CQU) has championed a self-contained concrete lined evapotranspiration channel. Any non-transpired effluent returns to a holding tank and is recirculated through the evapotranspiration channel until it is used. This paper examines the results from the Rockhampton trial site. Nutrient ions in the effluent were quantified over time and found not to accumulate in solution. Microbial analysis of the treated effluent was performed and was found to be within the ranges required by the relevant legislative codes. Citrus fruit grown in the evapotranspiration channel were sampled and no elevated levels of faecal coliforms were recorded. Macronutrients and micronutrients of the soil in the channels were measured over a 5-year period. No toxic accumulations or nutrient deficiencies in the soil occurred. Levels of salinity and sodicity in the evapotranspiration channel soil were quantified. Salinity rose slightly, as did sodium. Concentrations of salts and sodium did not reach unsustainable levels. The aim of the trial was to develop an on-site treatment and reuse system that is sustainable and protects public and environmental health.
Kele
B
B
Plant Sciences Group, Central Queensland University, Rockhampton Qld 4700 Australia. b.kele@cqu.edu.au
Midmore
D J
DJ
Harrower
K
K
McKennariey
B J
BJ
Hood
B
B
D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004782:Environmental Health; D005160:Facility Design and Construction; D011793:Queensland; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000032:analysis; D012987:Soil; D014835:Volatilization; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D014871:Water Microbiology; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
D012987:Soil; D012965:Sodium Chloride