Common binding site for disialyllactose and tri-peptide in C-fragment of tetanus neurotoxin.
Clostridial neurotoxins are comprised of botulinum (BoNT) and tetanus (TeNT), which share significant structural and functional similarity. Crystal structures of the binding domain of TeNT complexed with disialyllactose (DiSia) and a tri-peptide Tyr-Glu-Trp (YEW) have been determined to 2.3 and 2.2 A, respectively. Both DiSia and YEW bind in a shallow cleft region on the surface of the molecule in the beta-trefoil domain, interacting with a set of common residues, Asp1147, Asp1214, Asn1216, and Arg1226. DiSia and YEW binding at the same site in tetanus toxin provides a putative site that could be occupied either by a ganglioside moiety or a peptide. Soaking experiments with a mixture of YEW and DiSia show that YEW competes with DiSia, suggesting that YEW can be used to block ganglioside binding. A comparison with the TeNT binding domain in complex with small molecules, BoNT/A and /B, provides insight into the different modes of ganglioside binding.
Jayaraman
Seetharaman
S
Biology Department, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, New York 11973, USA.
Eswaramoorthy
Subramaniam
S
Kumaran
Desigan
D
Swaminathan
Subramanyam
S
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001665:Binding Sites; D001905:Botulinum Toxins / Q000737:chemistry; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000737:chemistry; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D005732:Gangliosides / Q000737:chemistry; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000737:chemistry*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000737:chemistry*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D040681:Structural Homology, Protein; D013744:Tetanus Toxin / Q000737:chemistry*; D014312:Trisaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*
D005732:Gangliosides; D009842:Oligopeptides; D013744:Tetanus Toxin; D014312:Trisaccharides; C509062:disialyllactose; C509063:tyrosyl-glutamyl-tryptophan; C096323:rimabotulinumtoxinB; C035979:tetanospasmin; C016481:trisialoganglioside GT1; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; D001905:Botulinum Toxins; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A