title: GFAP and Fos immunoreactivity in lumbo-sacral spinal cord and medulla oblongata after chronic colonic inflammation in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the response of astrocytes and neurons in rat lumbo-sacral spinal cord and medulla oblongata induced by chronic colonic inflammation, and the relationship between them.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-three male Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into two groups: experimental group (n = 17), colonic inflammation was induced by intra-luminal administration of trinitrobenzenesulfonic acid (TNBS); control group (n = 16), saline was administered intra-luminally. After 3, 7, 14, and 28 d of administration, the lumbo-sacral spinal cord and medulla oblongata were removed and processed for anti-glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), Fos and GFAP/Fos immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Activated astrocytes positive for GFAP were mainly distributed in the superficial laminae (laminae I-II) of dorsal horn, intermediolateral nucleus (laminae V), posterior commissural nucleus (laminae X) and anterolateral nucleus (laminae IX). Fos-IR (Fos-immunoreactive) neurons were mainly distributed in the deeper laminae of the spinal cord (laminae III-IV, V-VI). In the medulla oblongata, both GFAP-IR astrocytes and Fos-IR neurons were mainly distributed in the medullary visceral zone (MVZ). The density of GFAP in the spinal cord of experimental rats was significantly higher after 3, 7, and 14 d of TNBS administration compared with the controls (50.4+/-16.8, 29.2+/-6.5, 24.1+/-5.6, P<0.05). The density of GFAP in MVZ was significantly higher after 3 d of TNBS administration (34.3+/-2.5, P<0.05). After 28 d of TNBS administration, the density of GFAP in the spinal cord and MVZ decreased and became comparable to that of the controls (18.0+/-4.9, 14.6+/-6.4, P>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Astrocytes in spinal cord and medulla oblongata can be activated by colonic inflammation. The activated astrocytes are closely related to Fos-IR neurons. With the recovery of colonic inflammation, the activity of astrocytes in the spinal cord and medulla oblongata is reduced.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The Second Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an 710004, Shaanxi Province, China.
authors.forename: Yi-Ning
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jin-Yan
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Zhi-Ren
authors.initials: ZR
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lan
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Duan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003108:Colonic Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000378:metabolism*; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000378:metabolism*; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid
chemical_list: D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D014302:Trinitrobenzenesulfonic Acid