title: Progesterone restores retrograde labeling of cervical motoneurons in Wobbler mouse motoneuron disease.
abstract: The Wobbler mouse, a mutant characterized by motoneuron degeneration in the cervical spinal cord, has been used to test the efficacy of novel treatments for human motoneuron diseases (HMD). Previous reports have shown that slow axonal transport is impaired in Wobblers and other models of HMD. Since progesterone (PROG) corrects some morphological, molecular, and functional abnormalities of Wobbler mice, we studied if steroid exposure for 8 weeks restored retrograde axonal transport by measuring motoneuron labeling after injection of fluorogold into the limb muscles. The dye was injected into forelimb biceps bracchii and flexor or into the rearlimb gastrocnemius muscles; 6 days later, the number of fluorescent motoneurons and the total number of cresyl violet stained motoneurons were counted in the cervical (C5-T1) or lumbar (L3-L5) spinal cord regions. A pronounced reduction (- 42.2%) of the percent of fluorescent motoneurons in Wobbler mice cervical cord was noted, which was significantly corrected after PROG treatment. In contrast, labeling of lumbar motoneurons was not reduced in Wobbler mice and was not affected by PROG treatment. In no case PROG showed an effect in control mice. Concomitantly, PROG slightly but significantly increased biceps weight of Wobbler mice. Behaviorally, PROG-treated Wobblers performed better on a motor test (hanging time from a horizontal rope) compared to untreated counterparts. We postulate a dual role for PROG in the Wobbler mouse, in part by prevention of motoneuron degeneration and also by enhancement of axonal transport. The latter mechanism could improve the traffic of neurotrophic factors from the forelimb muscles into the ailing motoneurons, improving neuromuscular function in this murine model of HMD.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuroendocrine Biochemistry, Instituto de Biología y Medicina Experimental, and Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Buenos, Obligado 2490, 1428 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
authors.forename: Maria Claudia
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Gonzalez Deniselle
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Garay
authors.forename: Susana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gonzalez
authors.forename: Rachida
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guennoun
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.forename: Alejandro F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: De Nicola
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001370:Axonal Transport / Q000187:drug effects*; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008818:Mice, Neurologic Mutants; D016472:Motor Neuron Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000187:drug effects*; D011372:Progestins / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013116:Spinal Cord / Q000473:pathology*; D013266:Stilbamidines / Q000378:metabolism; D034941:Upper Extremity / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: C049774:2-hydroxy-4,4'-diamidinostilbene, methanesulfonate salt; D011372:Progestins; D013266:Stilbamidines