title: Effects of aldehydes on CD36 expression.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  During the oil frying process lipid peroxidation compounds are formed. These products can modulate gene expression and alter cellular behaviour. The cellular uptake of oxidized LDL, a key step in the development of atherosclerosis, is mediated by the CD36 scavenger receptor, whose expression is down-regulated by alpha-tocopherol.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the effects of water-soluble aldehydes, obtained from thermally oxidized sunflower oil on the expression of CD36 scavenger receptor in human monocytes (THP-1 cells). We also wanted to study the effects of alpha-tocopherol on CD36 expression in the presence of water-soluble aldehydes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sunflower oil was heated in a frying pan, at 180--200 degrees C for 40 min, water-soluble aldehydes were isolated, and the content of thiobarbituric acid reacting substances (TBARS) was determined. THP-1 monocytes were cultured in RPMI medium during 24 h and incubated with increasing concentrations of the water-soluble aldehydes (ranging from 0.05 to 1 microM) and with or without 50 microM of alpha-tocopherol. In parallel, THP-1 cells were cultured with the same volume of an extract obtained from non-oxidized oil or distilled water. The CD36 expression at the cell surface was studied with fluorescence-activated cell sorting (FACS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Monocytes incubated in a medium containing water-soluble aldehydes, showed a dose dependent increase in the expression of the CD36 protein on the cell surface, compared to with the control groups. When the cells were treated simultaneously with 50 microM of alpha-tocopherol a significant reduction in the expression of the CD36 protein was observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Water-soluble aldehydes, extracted from thermally oxidized culinary oil, increase the expression of CD36. This effect is partially decreased by the presence of alpha-tocopherol.
authors.affiliation: Facultad de Ciencias Experimentales y de la Salud, Universidad San Pablo-CEU, Madrid, Spain. mviana@ceu.es
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Viana
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Villacorta
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bonet
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Indart
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Munteanu
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Vera
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Azzi
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Zingg
mesh_terms: D000447:Aldehydes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D018955:CD36 Antigens / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002460:Cell Line; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D000975:Antioxidants; D018955:CD36 Antigens; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074242:Sunflower Oil; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol