title: Gene expression profiling in response to the histone deacetylase inhibitor BL1521 in neuroblastoma.
abstract: Neuroblastoma is a childhood tumor with a poor survival in advanced stage disease despite intensive chemotherapeutic regimes. The new histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitor BL1521 has shown promising results in neuroblastoma. Inhibition of HDAC resulted in a decrease in proliferation and metabolic activity, induction of apoptosis and differentiation of neuroblastoma cells. In order to elucidate the mechanism mediating the effects of BL1521 on neuroblastoma cells, we investigated the gene expression profile of an MYCN single copy (SKNAS) and an MYCN amplified (IMR32) neuroblastoma cell line after treatment with BL1521 using the Affymetrix oligonucleotide array U133A. An altered expression of 255 genes was observed in both neuroblastoma cell lines. The majority of these genes were involved in gene expression, cellular metabolism, and cell signaling. We observed changes in the expression of vital genes belonging to the cell cycle (cyclin D1 and CDK4) and apoptosis (BNIP3, BID, and BCL2) pathway in response to BL1521. The expression of 37 genes was altered by both BL1521 and Trichostatin A, which could indicate a common gene set regulated by different HDAC inhibitors. BL1521 treatment changed the expression of a number of MYCN-associated genes. Several genes in the Wnt and the Delta/Notch pathways were changed in response to BL1521 treatment, suggesting that BL1521 is able to induce the differentiation of neuroblastoma cells into a more mature phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Academic Medical Centre, University of Amsterdam, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Department of Pediatrics/Emma Children's Hospital and Clinical Chemistry, PO Box 22700, 1100 DE Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Annemieke J M
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: de Ruijter
authors.forename: Rutger J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Meinsma
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bosma
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kemp
authors.forename: Huib N
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Caron
authors.forename: André B P
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: van Kuilenburg
mesh_terms: D015152:Blotting, Northern; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis
chemical_list: C492810:BL1521; D056572:Histone Deacetylase Inhibitors; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids