title: Extensive editing of a small fraction of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 genomes by four APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases.
abstract: In the absence of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) Vif protein, the host-cell cytidine deaminases APOBEC3F and -3G are co-packaged along with virion RNA. Upon infection of target cells, nascent single-stranded DNA can be edited extensively, invariably giving rise to defective genomes called G-->A hypermutants. Although human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) replicates in the same cell type as HIV-1, it was shown here that HTLV-1 is relatively resistant to the antiviral effects mediated by human APOBEC3B, -3C, -3F and -3G. Nonetheless, a small percentage of genomes (0.1<f<5 %) were edited extensively: up to 97 % of cytidine targets were deaminated. In contrast, hypermutated HTLV-1 genomes were not identified in peripheral blood mononuclear cell DNA from ten patients with non-malignant HTLV-1 infection. Thus, although HTLV-1 DNA can indeed be edited by at least four APOBEC3 cytidine deaminases in vitro, they are conspicuously absent in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Unité d'Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.
authors.forename: Renaud
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mahieux
authors.affiliation: Unité d'Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.
authors.forename: Rodolphe
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Suspène
authors.affiliation: Unité d'Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.
authors.forename: Frédéric
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Delebecque
authors.affiliation: Unité d'Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.affiliation: Unité d'Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.
authors.forename: Olivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Schwartz
authors.affiliation: Unité d'Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.
authors.forename: Simon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wain-Hobson
authors.affiliation: Unité d'Epidémiologie et Physiopathologie des Virus Oncogènes, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Vartanian
mesh_terms: D000071480:APOBEC-3G Deaminase; D001483:Base Sequence; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase / Q000378:metabolism*; D043525:Cytosine Deaminase / Q000378:metabolism; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D016679:Genome, Viral; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology; D015778:Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D009700:Nucleoside Deaminases; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017393:RNA Editing; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D015778:Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012367:RNA, Viral; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D009700:Nucleoside Deaminases; C492906:APOBEC3F protein, human; D043525:Cytosine Deaminase; D000071480:APOBEC-3G Deaminase; C495794:APOBEC3B protein, human; C495795:APOBEC3C protein, human; C464924:APOBEC3G protein, human; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase