title: Auditory impairment in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We assessed the auditory function of 94 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 94 age- and sex-matched healthy subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  To study the influence of the clinical characteristics of the disease on the auditory function, after a clinical interview with ophthalmological assessment, subjects were evaluated using pure-tone audiometry, speech audiometry, auditory brainstem responses, the Michigan Diabetic Neuropathy Score and albuminuria. The mean age when diabetes was diagnosed was 42.8 +/- 6.5 years (mean +/- SD) and the time elapsed since diabetes diagnosis was 7.2 +/- 5.4 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty-eight patients (62%) had HbA1c >8%; diabetic retinopathy was evident in 14 patients (14%) and microalbuminuria was identified in 12 patients. Compared to healthy subjects, diabetic patients showed an increase of the perception threshold at 8000 Hz (p <0.01), higher hearing levels to discriminate at least 90% of 10 monosyllables (p <0.01), and longer latencies of wave V, interwave I-V and interwave III-V (p <0.01). Significant correlation was found between the hearing threshold at 8 KHz and patient age, and the former and the time elapsed since the diabetes was diagnosed (p <0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus can have subclinical hearing loss and impaired auditory brainstem response, independent of peripheral neuropathy, retinopathy or nephropathy.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de ORL y Audiología, Hospital de Especialidades T1, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, León Guanajuato, Mexico.
authors.forename: Luz Verónica
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Díaz de León-Morales
authors.forename: Kathrine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Jáuregui-Renaud
authors.forename: María Eugenia
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Garay-Sevilla
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hernández-Prado
authors.forename: Juan Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Malacara-Hernández
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016057:Evoked Potentials, Auditory, Brain Stem; D005260:Female; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged