title: Endogenous sex steroids and bone mineral density in healthy men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the role of endogenous sex steroids on bone mineral density (BMD) in healthy Turkish men.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum total testosterone (TT), free testosterone (FT), dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate and estradiol levels were assayed in 174 healthy men of 240 volunteers, aged 22-76 years. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry was used to measure the BMD (g/cm(2)) of lumbar spine, femoral neck and non-dominant proximal and distal radius-ulna sites. Linear regressions were conducted using each BMD site as the dependent variable and each sex steroid as the independent variable. Four models were run for each bone site and sex steroid; crude, age-adjusted, adjusted for age and body mass index (BMI), and adjusted for age, BMI and cigarette-smoking.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age and BMI of men enrolled in the study were 47.7 +/- 13.7 years and 26.9 +/- 3.6 kg/m(2). Log of FT was significantly associated with the BMD of distal forearm in all models analyzing the crude and adjusted effects. Dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate effect on BMD of proximal forearm came closer to the level of statistical significance when adjusted with age, BMI and cigarette-smoking. Estradiol and TT levels were not found to be associated with BMD of any sites measured.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among the endogenous sex steroids in men, predominantly FT seems to be one of the determinants of BMD. Therefore a decrease in serum levels of testosterone in aging male or secondary causes may negatively affect BMD.
authors.affiliation: Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation Department, Faculty of Medicine, Kirikkale University, Turkey. ikeles@ttnet.net.tr
authors.forename: Işik
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Keleş
authors.forename: Gülümser
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aydin
authors.forename: M Murad
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Başar
authors.forename: Mutlu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hayran
authors.forename: Ebru
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Atalar
authors.forename: Sevim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Orkun
authors.forename: Ertan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Batislam
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate / Q000097:blood; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D005272:Femur Neck / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011884:Radius / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D012016:Reference Values; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D014421:Turkey; D014457:Ulna / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D013739:Testosterone; D004958:Estradiol; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate