Lack of effect of dietary conjugated linoleic acids naturally incorporated into butter on the lipid profile and body composition of overweight and obese men.
BACKGROUND
Dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is known to reduce atherosclerosis, plasma total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations, and body fat accumulation in several animal species. Of the few studies that investigated the effects of CLA supplementation in humans, all used commercially formulated oral supplements made from a mixture of CLA isomers.


OBJECTIVE
We compared the effects on plasma lipoproteins and body composition of the consumption of a modified butter naturally enriched with CLA (CLA-B: 4.22 g CLA/100 g butter fat) by the addition of sunflower oil to the diet of dairy cows with the consumption of a control butter (CON-B) that was low in CLA (0.38 g CLA/100 g butter fat).


METHODS
In a crossover design study including an 8-wk washout period, 16 men [x +/- SD age: 36.6 +/- 12.4 y; body mass index (in kg/m2): 31.2 +/- 4.4] were fed each of the 2 experimental isoenergetic diets, providing 15% of energy as protein, 45% as carbohydrates, and 40% as lipids, of which >60% was derived from experimental fats, for 4 wk.


RESULTS
Consumption of the CLA-B diet induced a significantly (P < 0.05) smaller reduction in plasma total cholesterol and in the ratio of total to HDL cholesterol (-0.02 mmol/L and -0.00, respectively) than did consumption of the CON-B diet (-0.26 mmol/L and-0.34, respectively). Abdominal adipose tissue area measured by computed tomography showed no difference in accumulation of either visceral or subcutaneous adipose tissue after the 2 experimental diets.


CONCLUSIONS
These results suggest that a 10-fold CLA enrichment of butter fat does not induce beneficial metabolic effects in overweight or obese men.
Desroches
Sophie
S
Institute on Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Canada.
Chouinard
P Yvan
PY
Galibois
Isabelle
I
Corneau
Louise
L
Delisle
Jocelyne
J
Lamarche
Benoît
B
Couture
Patrick
P
Bergeron
Nathalie
N
D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition; D002079:Butter; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D006801:Humans; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism*
D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D002079:Butter