title: Precocious sister chromatid separation (PSCS) in Cornelia de Lange syndrome.
abstract: The Cornelia de Lange syndrome (CdLS) (OMIM# 122470) is a dominantly inherited multisystem developmental disorder. The phenotype consists of characteristic facial features, hirsutism, abnormalities of the upper extremities ranging from subtle changes in the phalanges and metacarpal bones to oligodactyly and phocomelia, gastroesophageal dysfunction, growth retardation, and neurodevelopmental delay. Prevalence is estimated to be as high as 1 in 10,000. Recently, mutations in NIPBL were identified in sporadic and familial CdLS cases. To date, mutations in this gene have been identified in over 45% of individuals with CdLS. NIPBL is the human homolog of the Drosophila Nipped-B gene. Although its function in mammalian systems has not yet been elucidated, sequence homologs of Nipped-B in yeast (Scc2 and Mis4) are required for sister chromatid cohesion during mitosis, and a similar role was recently demonstrated for Nipped-B in Drosophila. In order to evaluate NIPBL role in sister chromatid cohesion in humans, metaphase spreads on 90 probands (40 NIPBL mutation positive and 50 NIPBL mutation negative) with CdLS were evaluated for evidence of precocious sister chromatid separation (PSCS). We screened 50 metaphases from each proband and found evidence of PSCS in 41% (compared to 9% in control samples). These studies indicate that NIPBL may play a role in sister chromatid cohesion in humans as has been reported for its homologs in Drosophila and yeast.
authors.affiliation: Division of Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, The Children's Hospital of Philadelphia and The University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Maninder
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaur
authors.forename: Cheryl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: DeScipio
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McCallum
authors.forename: Dinah
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yaeger
authors.forename: Marcella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Devoto
authors.forename: Laird G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Nancy B
authors.initials: NB
authors.lastname: Spinner
authors.forename: Ian D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Krantz
mesh_terms: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D020090:Chromosome Segregation / Q000235:genetics*; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis / Q000379:methods; D003635:De Lange Syndrome / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008677:Metaphase / Q000235:genetics; D008938:Mitosis / Q000235:genetics; D009154:Mutation; D010641:Phenotype; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; C487465:NIPBL protein, human; D011506:Proteins