title: Expression profiles of inflammatory and immune-related genes in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.) at early time post vaccination.
abstract: Vaccination of Atlantic salmon parr with oil-based vaccines will inevitably cause inflammation at the site of injection, albeit the underlying mechanisms are not very well understood or studied in any detail. Here, we report time-course changes in expression levels, assessed by real-time RT-PCR of IL-1 beta, Mx, two beta-2-microglobulin variants and MHC class II beta, from 2 to 19 days post vaccination with a multi-component oil-adjuvanted vaccine. Highly variable individual responses to vaccination make selection of high responders essential prior to subtractive analysis. Based on the above mentioned expression profiles, high-responding individuals at 2, 8 and 19 days post vaccination, were selected for subtractive analysis. Clustering of clones according to putative function, suggest an initial up-regulation of genes involved in metabolism and cell signalling, before onset of genes involved in inflammation. The lag-time for genes considered as inflammatory markers was more than 48 h, while they were found to constitute the major part of up-regulated transcripts by 8 days post vaccination. By day 19, immune-related genes like immunoglobulin and T cell-receptor genes, comprised a higher proportion of the up-regulated genes than at earlier time points.
authors.affiliation: Department of pathology, National Veterinary Institute, Oslo, Norway.
authors.forename: Oyvind
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Haugland
authors.forename: Jacob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Torgersen
authors.forename: Mohasina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Syed
authors.forename: Oystein
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Evensen
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D007109:Immunity / Q000235:genetics*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000235:genetics*; D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins; D020317:Salmo salar / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D013696:Temperature; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D064547:Myxovirus Resistance Proteins; D019204:GTP-Binding Proteins