title: Prostate cancer after heart transplantation: unicenter case-control study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We have noted an unexpectedly high incidence of prostate cancer in our heart transplant recipients (HTR).
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective review of patients after heart transplantation to investigate the prevalence, treatment, and outcome of prostate cancer diagnosed after systematic screening (study group). We compared them with case-matched HTR (control).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 702 recipients, 15 patients had elevated prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels. Fourteen cases of prostate cancer were diagnosed and treated. The median time between transplantation and prostate cancer diagnosis was 73 months. No patient was diagnosed in a locally advanced (>T2) or metastatic stage. Eleven patients (78.6%) received curative treatment. During follow-up (median, 44 months), 1 patient died from prostate cancer. The survival rate between the study and control groups did not differ.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Routine PSA testing is recommended as a screening test for prostate cancer in patients after heart transplantation. We believe this could also result in detection of early stages of prostate cancer, thus allowing curative treatment, and achieving similar survival to other case-matched HTR with no prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cardiology, Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Department, La Pitié Hospital, Paris, France. siamakmohammadi@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Siamak
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mohammadi
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Silvaggio
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bonnet
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Berberian
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dorent
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bikter
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pavie
authors.forename: Iradj
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Gandjbakhch
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D011336:Probability; D011379:Prognosis; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012016:Reference Values; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen