Surface and soluble triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells-1: expression patterns in murine sepsis.
OBJECTIVE
To examine the expression patterns of the triggering receptor expressed on myeloid cells (TREM)-1 during experimental septic shock.


METHODS
Animal study.


METHODS
Animal research laboratory.


METHODS
Male BALB/c mice, 7-9 wks of age.


METHODS
Septic shock was induced by cecal ligation and puncture in eight mice. Eight additional animals were sham-operated and served as a control group. All animals were resuscitated by fluid infusion and administered antibiotics. Kill was performed under anesthesia 12, 24, or 48 hrs later.


RESULTS
Surface expression of TREM-1 was analyzed using flow cytometry on peripheral blood cells, peritoneal macrophages and neutrophils, splenic macrophages, and Kupffer cells. Gene expression was also studied in these same cells using reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin-1beta, and soluble TREM-1 concentrations were determined in plasma and peritoneal lavage fluid. Sepsis strongly induced TREM-1 gene expression, which translated into an up-regulation of TREM-1 surface expression on neutrophils and monocytes/macrophages both at the focus on infection as well as distally. Moreover, sepsis induced the release of significant levels of soluble TREM-1. Plasma soluble TREM-1 concentrations negatively correlated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha and interleukin-1beta levels at 12 hrs.


CONCLUSIONS
These results provide new information as to the regulation of TREM-1 during sepsis. Considering that both cell-surface and soluble TREM-1 were strongly up-regulated during infection, this study may add support to the putative usefulness of TREM-1 as a diagnostic tool.
Gibot
Sébastien
S
Department of Intensive Care and Experimental Physiology, Hôpital Central, Nancy Cedex, France. s.gibot@chu-nancy.fr
Massin
Frédéric
F
Le Renard
Pol
P
Béné
Marie C
MC
Faure
Gilbert C
GC
Bollaert
Pierre-Edouard
PE
Levy
Bruno
B
D000818:Animals; D008297:Male; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000378:metabolism*; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000276:immunology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D000073871:Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1; D015854:Up-Regulation
D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; C408842:TREM1 protein, human; D000073871:Triggering Receptor Expressed on Myeloid Cells-1