title: Characterization of the structure of antithrombin-binding heparan sulfate generated by heparan sulfate 3-O-sulfotransferase 5.
abstract: The 3-O-sulfation of glucosamine is a key modification step during the biosynthesis of anticoagulant heparan sulfate (HS). Both heparan sulfate 3-O-sulfotransferase -1 (3-OST-1) and 3-O-sulfotransferase-5 (3-OST-5) transfer sulfate to the 3-OH group of glucosamine to generate antithrombin-binding heparan sulfate (HS(act)). Here, we reported the isolation and characterization of the antithrombin-binding HS oligosaccharides generated by 3-OST-5 (3-OST-5 oligo(act)). (3)H-labeled HS of Chinese hamster ovary cells was exhaustively modified by 3-OST-1 to remove the 3-OST-1 modification sites followed by antithrombin-affinity fractionation. The non-antithrombin-binding fraction of 3-OST-1 pretreated HS was further modified by 3-OST-5 to generate additional antithrombin-binding HS, which was designated as 3-OST-5 HS(act). Structural analysis of 3-OST-5 HS(act) revealed that the antithrombin-binding site of 3-OST-5 HS(act) is located within a domain clustered with N-sulfated glucosamine units. We also isolated 3-OST-5 antithrombin-binding oligosaccharides (3-OST-5 oligo(act)) from high pH nitrous acid degraded 3-OST-5 HS(act). A disaccharide analysis revealed that 3-OST-5 oligo(act) were composed of multiple 3-O-sulfated glucosamine units. Our results provide additional insights on the relationship between the anticoagulant activity and structure of HS.
authors.affiliation: Division of Medicinal Chemistry and Natural Products, School of Pharmacy, Beard Hall, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA.
authors.forename: Jinghua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000991:Antithrombins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D001665:Binding Sites; D016466:CHO Cells; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D006497:Heparan Sulfate / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D011485:Protein Binding; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D015238:Sulfotransferases / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000991:Antithrombins; D006497:Heparan Sulfate; D015238:Sulfotransferases; C021350:heparitin sulfotransferase