title: A special role for numbers in working memory? An fMRI study.
abstract: Although numbers carry averbal semantics (i.e., magnitude), they are often utilized in verbal Working Memory (vWM) tasks. However, vWM is thought to rely on a purely phonological code. Here, we tested the influence of (a) averbal semantics and (b) different tasks on performance in a vWM context by examining stimulus and task-specific variation of activity in the horizontal parts of the intraparietal sulcus (hIPS). The hIPS has previously been shown to subserve magnitude processing modulated by (a) specific stimuli and (b) specific tasks. Two variants of an n-back paradigm (comparison and identity match tasks) utilizing letters and numbers as stimulus material at different levels of vWM load were administered in 16 participants. Behavioral and functional imaging data reveal stimulus-specific modulation of activity in the hIPS suggesting a semantic influence of numbers. In the identity match task, numbers induced additional hIPS activation compared to letters while letters never induced additional hIPS activation when compared to numbers. Letters as compared to numbers only induced additional hIPS activation in the comparison task. These results question the assumption of a purely phonological code in vWM because hIPS activation subserving magnitude processing is modulated by stimulus semantics and task demands.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital of the RWTH Aachen University, Section Neuropsychology-Department of Neurology, Pauwelsstrasse 30, D-52057 Aachen, Germany. knops@neuropsych.rwth-aachen.de
authors.forename: Andre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Knops
authors.forename: Hans-Christoph
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Nuerk
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fimm
authors.forename: Rene
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vohn
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Willmes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000502:physiology; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000502:physiology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D011932:Reading