title: Immunohistochemical detection of transforming growth factor-alpha, epidermal growth factor, and vascular endothelial growth factor expression in hyperstimulated rat ovary.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study is to figure out the immunohistochemical expression of transforming growth factor-alpha (TGF-alpha), epidermal growth factor (EGF), and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in hyperstimulated rat ovaries.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty Wistar-Albino adult female rats (250-300 g) were taken into the study. The animals were randomly divided into two groups, each containing 10 rats: (i) stimulation group and (ii) control group. In the stimulation group, a stimulation regimen was administered to induce follicular maturity and ovarian hyperstimulation syndrome (OHSS) at the end using a 30-IU follicle-stimulating hormone that was administered subcutaneously for 4 consecutive days, followed by a 30-IU human chorionic gonadotropin on day 5 to induce ovulation. The rats, in the control group, received 0.2 ml of 0.9% NaCl for 5 consecutive days to mimic the conditions of the study animals. At the end of the treatment period, all rats underwent ovariectomy and the sections of ovaries were stained for the TGF-alpha, EGF, and VEGF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression of TGF-alpha, EGF, and VEGF in the endothelium, the stroma, the granulosa cells, and the corpus luteum was found to be significantly higher in the stimulated group, compared to that in the control group ( p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TGF-alpha, EGF, and VEGF are found to have increased in the hyperstimulated ovaries and this finding seems to be involved in the OHSS pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Celal Bayar University Hospital, Manisa, Turkey. tayfun.oxcakir@bayar.edu.tr
authors.forename: Hasan Tayfun
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Ozcakir
authors.forename: Seren Gulsen
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Giray
authors.forename: Mahmut Kemal
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Ozbilgin
authors.forename: Yýldýz
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uyar
authors.forename: Selman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lacin
authors.forename: Husnu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Caglar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology; D006728:Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D023421:Models, Animal; D009929:Organ Size; D016471:Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha / Q000378:metabolism*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D006728:Hormones; D016211:Transforming Growth Factor alpha; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone