title: Cancer stem cells: lessons from leukemia.
abstract: A fundamental problem in cancer research is identification of the cell type capable of initiating and sustaining growth of the tumor--the cancer stem cell (CSC). While the existence of CSCs was first proposed over 40 years ago, only in the past decade have these cells been identified and characterized in hematological malignancies. Recent studies have now described CSCs in solid tumors of the breast and brain, raising the possibility that such cells are at the apex of all neoplastic systems. An appreciation of the biological distinctness of CSCs is crucial not only for the design of studies to understand how tumorigenic pathways operate but also for the development of specific therapies that effectively target these cells in patients.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cell and Molecular Biology, University Health Network, and Department of Molecular and Medical Genetics, University of Toronto, 620 University Ave, Toronto, Ontario, M5G 2C1, Canada.
authors.forename: Jean C Y
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Dick
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002999:Clone Cells / Q000473:pathology; D006410:Hematopoiesis; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000473:pathology*; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000473:pathology; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000473:pathology; D008954:Models, Biological; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000473:pathology