title: HOXB4 enforces equivalent fates of ES-cell-derived and adult hematopoietic cells.
abstract: Genetic manipulation of hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells is an important tool for experimental and clinical applied hematology. However, techniques that allow for gene targeting, subsequent in vitro selection, and expansion of genetically defined clones are available only for ES cells. Such molecularly defined and, hence, "safe" clones would be highly desirable for somatic gene therapy. Here, we demonstrate that in vitro differentiated ES cells completely recapitulate the growth and differentiation properties of adult bone marrow cells, in vitro and in vivo, when ectopically expressing HOXB4. Myeloid development was enforced and (T) lymphoid development suppressed over a wide range of expression levels, whereas only high expression levels of the transcription factor were detrimental for erythroid development. This indicates a close association between the amounts of ectopic HOXB4 present within a progenitor cell and and the decision to self renew or differentiate. Because HOXB4 mediates similar fates of ES-derived and bone marrow hematopoietic stem cells, the primitive embryonic cells can be considered a promising alternative for investigating hematopoietic reconstitution, in vivo, based on well defined clones. Provided that HOXB4 levels are kept within a certain therapeutic window, ES cells also carry the potential of efficient and safe somatic gene therapy.
authors.affiliation: Research Institute of Molecular Pathology, Vienna Biocenter, Dr. Bohr-Gasse 7, 1030 Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pilat
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Carotta
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schiedlmeier
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kamino
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mairhofer
authors.forename: Elke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Will
authors.forename: Ute
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Modlich
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Steinlein
authors.forename: Wolfram
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ostertag
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baum
authors.forename: Hartmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Beug
authors.forename: Hannes
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Klump
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D015870:Gene Expression; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D012190:Retroviridae; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; C513262:Hoxb4 protein, mouse; D014157:Transcription Factors