title: Prospective, randomized, controlled trial of prophylactic pancreatic stent placement for endoscopic snare excision of the duodenal ampulla.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Tumors that arise in the region of the major duodenal papilla account for 5% of GI neoplasms and 36% of resectable pancreaticoduodenal tumors. There is limited published literature that addresses the safety of endoscopic excision of the papilla. Although there is consensus about prophylactic pancreatic-duct stent placement, there is little supporting prospective data. The aim of this randomized, controlled trial was to compare the rates of postsnare ampullectomy pancreatitis in patients who did/did not receive prophylactic pancreatic-duct stent placement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive patients who were to undergo en bloc snare ampullectomy were randomized to placement of pancreatic-duct stent after ampullectomy or to no stent placement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In total, 19 patients were enrolled, and 10 received pancreatic stents. Postprocedure pancreatitis occurred in 3 patients in the 24 hours after endoscopy, all cases occurred in the unstented group, 33% vs. 0% (stented group), p = 0.02. Median peak amylase level was 3692 U/L (range 1819-4700 U/L) and median peak lipase level was 11450 U/L (range 5900-17,000 U/L). All 3 patients were hospitalized for a median of 2 days (range 1-6), and all made a complete recovery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that a protective effect is conferred by pancreatic stent placement in reducing postampullectomy pancreatitis. Future large-scale studies are required to confirm this benefit.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology and Radiology, Developmental Endoscopy Unit, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Gavin C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Harewood
authors.forename: Nicole L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Pochron
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Gostout
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014670:Ampulla of Vater / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010183:Pancreatic Ducts / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control; D011336:Probability; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016717:Sphincterotomy, Endoscopic / Q000379:methods*; D015607:Stents; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome