title: Pluchea lanceolata attenuates cadmium chloride induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity in Swiss albino mice.
abstract: Cadmium intoxication induces lipid peroxidation and causes oxidative damage to various tissues by altering antioxidant defence system enzymes. At 24 h after treatment with a single intraperitoneal dose of cadmium chloride (5 mg kg-1), Swiss albino mice showed a significant increase in the levels of malanodialdehyde and xanthine oxidase (P<0.001), and a concomitant depletion of renal glutathione, catalase (P<0.001) and other antioxidant enzymes. CdCl2 also led to a simultaneous increase in micronuclei formation (P<0.001) and chromosomal aberrations (P<0.05) in mouse bone marrow cells. Oral pre-treatment with Pluchea lanceolata extract at doses of 100 and 200 mg kg-1 for 7 consecutive days before CdCl2 intoxication caused a significant reduction in malanodialdehyde formation and xanthine oxidase activity (P<0.001). A significant restoration of the activity of antioxidant defence system enzymes such as catalase, glutathione peroxidase (P<0.05), glutathione-S-transferase and glutathione reductase (P<0.001) was observed. A significant dose-dependent decrease in chromosomal aberrations and micronuclei formation was also observed (P<0.05). The results indicate that pre-treatment with P. lanceolata attenuates cadmium chloride induced oxidative stress and genotoxicity by altering antioxidant enzymes and reducing chromatid breaks and micronuclei formation.
authors.affiliation: Section of Chemoprevention and Nutrition Toxicology, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), Hamdard Nagar, New Delhi 110062, India.
authors.forename: Tamanna
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jahangir
authors.forename: Tajdar Husain
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Lakshmi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Prasad
authors.forename: Sarwat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sultana
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D002374:Catalase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry; D005978:Glutathione / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D008297:Male; D008515:Medicine, Ayurvedic; D051379:Mice; D015162:Micronucleus Tests / Q000379:methods; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010936:Plant Extracts; D000431:Ethanol; D002374:Catalase; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D005978:Glutathione; D019256:Cadmium Chloride