title: [Apoptosis of pulmonary epithelial cells and endothelial cells in mice exposed to phosgene].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study apoptosis of pulmonary epithelial cells and endothelial cells in mice with pulmonary edema induced by phosgene exposure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two mice were divided into normal group and phosgene group with 16 mice in each group. The mice in phosgene group were exposed to phosgene (11.9 mg/L) for 5 min and those in the control group to air. Four hours after exposure, alveolar type II cells were isolated and cultured to observe their apoptosis by electron microscope and flow cytometry. The lung tissues were also taken for DNA gel electrophoresis and TUNEL assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Apoptotic bodies were observed in alveolar type II cells under electron microscope in phosgene group, which had higher cell apoptosis rate than the control group [(40.26+/-7.74)% vs (1.58+/-1.01)%, P<0.001] as determined by flow cytometry. Ladder-like DNA fragmentation pattern was observed in DNA gel electrophoresis in phosgene group with apoptosis of the pulmonary epithelial and endothelial cells observed by TUNEL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Phosgene can induce pulmonary epithelial and endothelial cell apoptosis in mice, suggesting that the mechanism of phosgene-induced pulmonary edema involves apoptosis of the lung cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi'an 710033, China. liwenli@fmmu.edu.cn
authors.forename: Wen-li
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Chun-xu
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Hai
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xiao-di
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents / Q000633:toxicity; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010705:Phosgene / Q000633:toxicity*; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000473:pathology*; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology*; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents; D010705:Phosgene