title: The influence of ethnicity on patient satisfaction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the influence of ethnicity on patient satisfaction with hospitalization care.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a random selection, cross-sectional study. Data were collected by telephone interviews over a three-year period utilizing a 16-question survey. Patients were excluded from the study if they were admitted for an obstetric visit, physical rehabilitation, or psychiatric illness or if we were unable to reach them by telephone. We used logistic regression to compare ethnicity with the responses for each of the 16 questions while controlling for three confounders (age, gender, and insurance status). For each question, patient responses of excellent and very good were considered satisfied. Patient responses of good, fair, and poor were considered not satisfied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We surveyed 7,795 patients. Compared to African-Americans, non-Hispanic white Americans were significantly older, included more males, and were insured by Medicaid less often (p < 0.05). Using multivariate analysis, we found that seven of the 16 questions exhibited significant satisfaction differences. African-Americans expressed significantly less satisfaction for two of six questions related to nursing care, two of three questions related to entire staff care, one of two question related to physician care, and one of three questions related to overall satisfaction (p < 0.05). However, African-Americans expressed significantly more satisfaction for one question related to nursing care. There was no difference between the two groups for nine of the 16 questions, including both questions regarding communication and coordination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  African-Americans reported significantly lower rates of satisfaction compared to non-Hispanic white Americans for six of 16 questions regarding satisfaction during hospitalization care.
authors.affiliation: Bethesda Family Medicine Residence Program, Cincinnati, OH 45212, USA. liverdoctor@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Scott E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bivins
authors.forename: Kwabena
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oteng
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Engel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D044383:Black People; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007348:Insurance, Health; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009732:Nursing Care / Q000523:psychology*; D009820:Ohio; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D011897:Random Allocation; D044465:White People; D001741:Black or African American