title: Carbon-monoxide poisoning in young drug addicts due to indoor use of a gasoline-powered generator.
abstract: We report six fatal cases of unintentional carbon-monoxide poisoning which occurred in a house occupied by young people. The source of carbon monoxide was a gasoline-powered generator. For all victims, an external body examination was carried out and blood and urine samples collected. Blood carboxyhaemoglobin (COHb) was performed using an automated visible spectrophotometric analysis. Blood-alcohol level quantification was performed using gas chromatography and drug screening in urine was performed by a one-step manual qualitative immunochromatography (Syva Rapid test, Behring Diagnostics Inc.) for benzoylecgonine (the main metabolite of cocaine in urine), morphine, 11-nor-Delta(9)-THC-9-COOH (cannabinoids) and d-methamphetamine. In all victims the COHb value was as high or higher than 65%. No alcohol was found in blood samples, but urine samples were positive for methamphetamine, cocaine and cannabis in five cases and for opiates in one case. In four victims, the urine sample was positive for at least three drugs. The availability and accuracy of rapid toxicological screening is an important tool for the medical examiner at the immediate scene of a clinical forensic examination.
authors.affiliation: Emergency Forensic Unit (Urgences médico-judiciaires), University Hospital Jean Verdier (AP-HP), Bondy, France. bernard.marc@jvr.ap-hop-paris.fr
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Marc
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bouchez-Buvry
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wepierre
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Boniol
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vaquero
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garnier