Peri-implant bone response to orthodontic loading: Part 2. Implant surface geometry and its effect on regional bone remodeling.
BACKGROUND
Bone response to orthodontic loading was compared around 2 different types of osseointegrated implants (porous surfaced and machined threaded) to determine the effect of implant surface geometry on regional bone remodeling.


METHODS
Five beagles each received 3 implants of each design in contralateral mandibular extraction sites. After a 6-week initial healing period, abutments were placed, and, 1 week later, the 2 mesial implants on each side were orthodontically loaded for 22 weeks. All implants remained osseointegrated throughout orthodontic loading except for 1 threaded implant that loosened. Back-scattered scanning electron microscopy and fluorochrome bone labeling techniques were used to compare responses around the 2 types of implants.


RESULTS
The loaded, porous-surfaced implants had significantly higher marginal bone levels and greater bone-to-implant contact than did the machined-threaded implants.


CONCLUSIONS
Significant differences in peri-implant bone remodeling and bone formation in response to controlled orthodontic loading were observed for the 2 implant designs. Short, porous-surfaced implants might be more effective for orthodontic applications than machine-threaded implants.
Oyonarte
Rodrigo
R
Orthodontics Program, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Pilliar
Robert M
RM
Deporter
Douglas
D
Woodside
Donald G
DG
D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D000818:Animals; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology*; D000044:Dental Abutments; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D004285:Dogs; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000502:physiology; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D016062:Porosity; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*
D015921:Dental Implants; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes