title: Role of visual dysfunction in postural control in children with cerebral palsy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Deficient postural control is one of the key problems in cerebral palsy (CP). Little, however, is known about the specific nature of postural problems of children with CP, nor of the relation between abnormal posture and dysfunction of the visual system.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To provide additional information on the association of abnormalities in postural control and visual dysfunction of the anterior or posterior part of the visual system.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data resulting from ophthalmologic, orthoptic, neurological, neuro-radiological, and ethological investigations of more than 313 neurologically impaired children were retrospectively analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Abnormal postural control related to ocular and ocular motor disorders consisted of anomalous head control and subsequent abnormal head posture and torticollis. The abnormal postural control related to retrochiasmatical damage of the visual system consisted of a torticollis combined with adjustment of the upper part of the body, as if at the same time adapting to a combination of defects and optimizing residual visual functions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Visual dysfunctions play a distinct role in the postural control of children with CP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Center, Utrecht, The Netherlands. G.Porro@hccnet.nl
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Porro
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: van der Linden
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: van Nieuwenhuizen
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wittebol-Post
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001921:Brain / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019416:Head Movements / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014103:Torticollis / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014795:Visual Pathways / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology