title: A human-curated annotation of the Candida albicans genome.
abstract: Recent sequencing and assembly of the genome for the fungal pathogen Candida albicans used simple automated procedures for the identification of putative genes. We have reviewed the entire assembly, both by hand and with additional bioinformatic resources, to accurately map and describe 6,354 genes and to identify 246 genes whose original database entries contained sequencing errors (or possibly mutations) that affect their reading frame. Comparison with other fungal genomes permitted the identification of numerous fungus-specific genes that might be targeted for antifungal therapy. We also observed that, compared to other fungi, the protein-coding sequences in the C. albicans genome are especially rich in short sequence repeats. Finally, our improved annotation permitted a detailed analysis of several multigene families, and comparative genomic studies showed that C. albicans has a far greater catabolic range, encoding respiratory Complex 1, several novel oxidoreductases and ketone body degrading enzymes, malonyl-CoA and enoyl-CoA carriers, several novel amino acid degrading enzymes, a variety of secreted catabolic lipases and proteases, and numerous transporters to assimilate the resulting nutrients. The results of these efforts will ensure that the Candida research community has uniform and comprehensive genomic information for medical research as well as for future diagnostic and therapeutic applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA.
authors.forename: Burkhard R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: van Het Hoog
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: d'Enfert
authors.forename: Mikhail
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martchenko
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dungan
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Diane O
authors.initials: DO
authors.lastname: Inglis
authors.forename: M Andrew
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Uhl
authors.forename: Hervé
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hogues
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berriman
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lorenz
authors.forename: Anastasia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Levitin
authors.forename: Ursula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Oberholzer
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bachewich
authors.forename: Doreen
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Harcus
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marcil
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dignard
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iouk
authors.forename: Rosa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zito
authors.forename: Lionel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Frangeul
authors.forename: Fredj
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tekaia
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Rutherford
authors.forename: Edwin
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Carol A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Munro
authors.forename: Steve
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bates
authors.forename: Neil A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Gow
authors.forename: Lois L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Hoyer
authors.forename: Gerwald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Köhler
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Morschhäuser
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Newport
authors.forename: Sadri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Znaidi
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raymond
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Turcotte
authors.forename: Gavin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sherlock
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Costanzo
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ihmels
authors.forename: Judith
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Berman
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sanglard
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Agabian
authors.forename: Aaron P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: Alexander D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Malcolm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Whiteway
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nantel