title: Beneficial effects of high doses of growth hormone in the introduction and optimization of medical treatment in decompensated congestive heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Optimizing oral therapy in patients with unstable decompensated and/or dobutamine-dependent congestive heart failure (CHF) is a challenge.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We investigated the effects of high doses of recombinant human growth hormone (GH) in 6 patients with cardiac cachexia and unstable decompensated CHF (5 dobutamine-dependent), including its influence in the optimization of oral CHF treatment. Patients received 8 IU of subcutaneous GH per day for median 26 (range 61) days. GH improved the systolic systemic blood pressure (SSBP, in mm Hg) from median 85 (range 34) to 100 (20) (p<.01), and the left ventricular (LV) ejection fraction (in %) from median 23 (range 22) (pretreatment) to 28 (18) (posttreatment) and 38 (28) (later) (p<.007). The NYHA functional class improved from IV to I in 2 patients, from IV to II in 3, and from IV to II-III in one. All patients were discharged from the hospital. It was possible in the hospital to initiate and after discharge to optimize long-term CHF treatment from 37.5 to 50 mg of carvedilol in 5 patients and with higher doses of captopril (from 50 to 150 mg) in all patients. Three patients are alive after 67, 75, and 11 months of follow-up. The remaining 3 patients died from a pulmonary abscess at 9 months, septicemia at 21 months, and progressive heart failure due to unplanned withdrawal of carvedilol at 36 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of GH in patients with decompensated CHF and cardiac cachexia provided clinical stability without the need for inotropic drugs permitting introduction of nonpreviously tolerated drugs. This could represent a new option for optimizing long-term CHF therapy and discharging hospitalized patients who are dobutamine-dependent.
authors.affiliation: Heart Failure Clinics of the Clinical Cardiology Department, Heart Institute of the São Paulo University Medical School, Brazil. dcledimar@incor.usp.br
authors.forename: Edimar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bocchi
authors.forename: Lídia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Moura
authors.forename: Guilherme
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guimarães
authors.forename: Germano Emílio
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Conceição Souza
authors.forename: José A F
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ramires
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D013006:Growth Hormone