title: Chemokines in human colorectal carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Chemokines (CKs) may promote antitumor immunity in cancer, act as tumor growth factors, influence metastatic spreading or angiogenesis. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether CK expression is altered in colorectal carcinomas compared to normal mucosa and to elucidate its possible clinico-pathological implications.
  
  
  METHODS
  The levels of CCL2 (MCP-1), CCL4 (MIP-1beta), CCL5 (RANTES), CXCL 1 (GRO-alpha), CXCL 5 (ENA-78) and CXCL 8 (IL-8) were investigated in 10 colorectal carcinomas and their corresponding normal mucosa by the use of ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All CK analyzed, with the exception of CCL5 (RANTES), were expressed at a significantly higher level in malignant tissue.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Therapeutic studies in colon carcinomas should, therefore, focus more on the neutralization of CKs than on their application.
authors.affiliation: University of Freiburg, Department of Surgery, Freiburg, Germany. baier@chir.ukl.uni-freiburg.de
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Baier
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eggstein
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wolff-Vorbeck
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Baumgartner
authors.forename: U T
authors.initials: UT
authors.lastname: Hopt
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000276:immunology*; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000378:metabolism; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; D054365:Chemokine CXCL5; D018925:Chemokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C111835:CCL2 protein, human; C066507:CCL4 protein, human; C475829:CXCL1 protein, human; C486263:CXCL5 protein, human; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D054407:Chemokine CCL4; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; D054365:Chemokine CXCL5; D018925:Chemokines; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D016209:Interleukin-8; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins