title: Mechanisms of peripheral tolerance following intracameral inoculation are independent of IL-13 or STAT6.
abstract: The peripheral tolerance that is elicited by the anterior chamber-associated immune deviation (ACAID) protocol is characterized by impairment of Th1 responses such as delayed-type hypersensitivity. It has been proposed that suppression of Th1 responses is mediated by a deviation toward Th2 responses. Because NKT cells have a prominent role in ACAID and NKT cell-derived IL-13 is required in a tumor model of tolerance, we postulated that NKT cell-derived Th2 cytokines might have a role in ACAID. However, contrary to the tumor model, in this study we show that NKT cells from IL-13-deficient mice or IL-4/IL-13 double deficient mice were able to reconstitute the capability of J alpha18-deficient mice (lacking invariant NKT) to develop peripheral tolerance postintracameral inoculation of Ag. Also, we were able to induce peripheral tolerance directly in IL-13-deficient, IL-4/IL-13-double deficient, and STAT6-deficient mice by inoculation of Ag into their eye. We conclude that neither IL-4 nor IL-13 cytokines are required for the generation of efferent CD8+ T regulatory cells during eye-induced peripheral tolerance. We propose that Ags inoculated into the anterior chamber of the eye induce the immunoresponse to deviate from producing immune T effector cells to producing efferent T regulatory cells, rather than deviating from Th1- to Th2-type effector cells.
authors.affiliation: Ocular Immunology Group, Schepens Eye Research Institute, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Ania
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Terajewicz
authors.forename: Joan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stein-Streilein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000867:Anterior Chamber / Q000276:immunology*; D000941:Antigens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006968:Hypersensitivity, Delayed / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000235:genetics; D018793:Interleukin-13 / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D010047:Ovalbumin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D018418:Th2 Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D018793:Interleukin-13; D050800:STAT6 Transcription Factor; D015847:Interleukin-4; D010047:Ovalbumin