title: Lack of effect of dietary conjugated linoleic acids naturally incorporated into butter on the lipid profile and body composition of overweight and obese men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dietary conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) is known to reduce atherosclerosis, plasma total and LDL-cholesterol concentrations, and body fat accumulation in several animal species. Of the few studies that investigated the effects of CLA supplementation in humans, all used commercially formulated oral supplements made from a mixture of CLA isomers.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We compared the effects on plasma lipoproteins and body composition of the consumption of a modified butter naturally enriched with CLA (CLA-B: 4.22 g CLA/100 g butter fat) by the addition of sunflower oil to the diet of dairy cows with the consumption of a control butter (CON-B) that was low in CLA (0.38 g CLA/100 g butter fat).
  
  
  METHODS
  In a crossover design study including an 8-wk washout period, 16 men [x +/- SD age: 36.6 +/- 12.4 y; body mass index (in kg/m2): 31.2 +/- 4.4] were fed each of the 2 experimental isoenergetic diets, providing 15% of energy as protein, 45% as carbohydrates, and 40% as lipids, of which >60% was derived from experimental fats, for 4 wk.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Consumption of the CLA-B diet induced a significantly (P < 0.05) smaller reduction in plasma total cholesterol and in the ratio of total to HDL cholesterol (-0.02 mmol/L and -0.00, respectively) than did consumption of the CON-B diet (-0.26 mmol/L and-0.34, respectively). Abdominal adipose tissue area measured by computed tomography showed no difference in accumulation of either visceral or subcutaneous adipose tissue after the 2 experimental diets.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that a 10-fold CLA enrichment of butter fat does not induce beneficial metabolic effects in overweight or obese men.
authors.affiliation: Institute on Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Laval University, Québec, Canada.
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Desroches
authors.forename: P Yvan
authors.initials: PY
authors.lastname: Chouinard
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Galibois
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Corneau
authors.forename: Jocelyne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Delisle
authors.forename: Benoît
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lamarche
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Couture
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bergeron
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition; D002079:Butter; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D006801:Humans; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D008055:Lipids; D008074:Lipoproteins; D002079:Butter