title: Phenolic compounds and antioxidant activity of sorghum grains of varying genotypes.
abstract: The effects of plant color, pericarp thickness, pigmented testa, and spreader genes on phenols and antioxidant activity levels of 13 sorghum genotypes were evaluated. Total phenols, condensed tannins, flavan-4-ols, and anthocyanins were measured. Antioxidant activity levels using the 2,2'-azinobis(3-ethyl-benzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) and 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl assays were evaluated. Sorghums with a pigmented testa and spreader genes (B(1)()B(2)()S) had the highest levels of phenols and antioxidant activity. In addition, sorghums with purple/red plants (PQ) and thick pericarp (z) genes had increased levels of phenols and antioxidant activity. Sorghums with a black pericarp had higher levels of flavan-4-ols and anthocyanins than the other varieties. This suggests that genes for plant color, pericarp thickness, presence of a pigmented testa, and spreader genes increase phenols and antioxidant activity levels. This information can be useful in the production of sorghums with increased phenols and antioxidant activity levels.
authors.affiliation: Cereal Quality Laboratory, Department of Soil and Crop Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, Texas 77843-2474, USA. ldykes@ag.tamu.edu
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dykes
authors.forename: Lloyd W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Rooney
authors.forename: Ralph D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Waniska
authors.forename: William L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Rooney
mesh_terms: D000872:Anthocyanins / Q000032:analysis; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000032:analysis*; D044948:Flavonols / Q000032:analysis; D005838:Genotype; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry*; D045868:Sorghum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D013634:Tannins / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000872:Anthocyanins; D000975:Antioxidants; D044948:Flavonols; D010636:Phenols; D013634:Tannins