title: The combination of estramustine, vinorelbine, and mitoxantrone in hormone-refractory prostate cancer: a Phase II feasibility study conducted by the Hellenic Cooperative Oncology Group.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the safety profile and therapeutic value of the combination of estramustine, mitoxantrone, and vinorelbine in the treatment of hormone-refractory prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-two patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer were included in the study. Median age was 70 years (range, 49 to 100 years), World Health Organization performance status ranged from 0 to 2. The treatment schedule consisted of estramustine capsules (140 mg 3 times daily on days 1 to 3 and days 8 to 10 per os), intravenous mitoxantrone (12 mg/m2 on day 2), and intravenous vinorelbine (25 mg/m2 on day 2 and day 9), given in a 3-week cycle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-one percent of patients with measurable soft-tissue disease demonstrated an objective response, which included six complete and ten partial responses in all involved organs (bone responses not included). Twenty-nine patients (56%) had a greater than 50% reduction in serum prostate-specific antigen level. The median duration of response was 6.9 months, and the median survival for all patients was 14.5 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The combination of estramustine, vinorelbine, and mitoxantrone is safe, well tolerated, and relatively active in patients with hormone-refractory prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, Hippokrateion Hospital of Athens, Athens, Greece. gsamelis@hellasnet.gr
authors.forename: Georgios Fotios
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Samelis
authors.forename: Haralambos
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kalofonos
authors.forename: Adamos
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Adamou
authors.forename: Paris
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kosmides
authors.forename: Dimosthenis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Skarlos
authors.forename: Gerasimos
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aravantinos
authors.forename: Christos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kiamouris
authors.forename: Oneynadum
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Adimchi
authors.forename: Georgios
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fountzilas
authors.forename: Athanasios Meletios
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Dimopoulos
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004961:Estramustine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006728:Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008942:Mitoxantrone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D015996:Survival Rate; D014747:Vinblastine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000077235:Vinorelbine
chemical_list: D006728:Hormones; D004961:Estramustine; D014747:Vinblastine; D008942:Mitoxantrone; D000077235:Vinorelbine