title: Very-KIND is a novel nervous system specific guanine nucleotide exchange factor for Ras GTPases.
abstract: The kinase non-catalytic c-lobe domain (KIND) evolved from the catalytic protein kinase fold into a potential protein interaction module for signalling proteins. Spir family actin organizers and the non-receptor phosphatase type 13 (PTP type 13) encode a KIND domain in the very N-terminal parts of the proteins. Here we report the characterization and cloning of a third member of the KIND protein family, which we have named very-KIND (VKIND) because of its two KIND domains. Like the other members of the protein family, VKIND has a KIND domain at the N-terminus. A second KIND domain is located in the central part of the protein. The C-terminal half encodes a guanine nucleotide exchange factor motif for Ras-like GTPases (RasGEF) and a RasGEF N-terminal module (RasGEFN). There is only one VKIND gene in the mammalian genomes and up to now we have found the gene only in vertebrates. During mouse embryogenesis the VKIND gene was specifically expressed in the developing nervous system. In adult mice Northern hybridizations revealed high expression only in brain. Low expression could be detected in ovary. In situ hybridizations showed a specific expression of VKIND in neuronal cells of the granular and Purkinje cell layers of the cerebellum.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Medizinische Strahlenkunde und Zellforschung (MSZ), Universität Würzburg, Versbacher Str. 5, 97078 Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Anaid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mees
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rock
authors.forename: Francesca D
authors.initials: FD
authors.lastname: Ciccarelli
authors.forename: Cornelia B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Leberfinger
authors.forename: Johanna M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Borawski
authors.forename: Peer
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bork
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wiese
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gessler
authors.forename: Eugen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kerkhoff
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000196:embryology / Q000201:enzymology*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000201:enzymology; D005123:Eye / Q000196:embryology / Q000201:enzymology; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D051379:Mice / Q000196:embryology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009420:Nervous System / Q000196:embryology* / Q000201:enzymology; D010053:Ovary / Q000201:enzymology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020662:Guanine Nucleotide Exchange Factors; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C511876:very-KIND protein, mouse; D018631:ras Proteins