title: [Current practice of pediatric MDCT in Japan: survey results of demographics and age-based dose reduction].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the current practice of pediatric MDCT in Japan, with particular reference to age-related dose adjustment.
  
  
  METHODS
  During the first three months of 2004, a questionnaire was mailed to 996 institutions, among which listed MDCT users ranged from private hospitals to large university-based hospitals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We received responses from 348 (34.9%) institutions. Fifty-three percent of the respondents had four-detector MDCT units. Approximately 70% of examinations were head and 22% were body. Scanning parameters were determined by full-time radiologists in 40%, and by CT technologists in 28% of respondents. Eighty-nine percent (head CT) and 85% (abdominal CT) of respondents indicated that they changed parameters for children. More than 90% changed tube current for optimization. Change was based on the technologist's experience (56%, head CT; 43%, abdominal CT), and automatic exposure control has been used as a basis of mAs control in 17% of respondents for head CT and in 34% for abdominal CT. Age-related mAs settings for abdominal CT were almost the same as those published in a United States survey.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although Japan has approximately 40% of the world's CT units, optimized pediatric MDCT settings might be moved away from a fixed mA protocol as recommended by the FDA and in conformity with the ALARA (as low as reasonably achievable) concept.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, National Center for Child Health and Development.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitamura
authors.forename: Hidekazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Masaki
authors.forename: Shunsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nosaka
authors.forename: Mikiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miyasaka
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kashima
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsutsumi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007564:Japan; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*