title: Efficacy of intra-arterial nimodipine in the treatment of cerebral vasospasm complicating subarachnoid haemorrhage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the efficacy and safety of nimodipine as an alternative to papaverine for the treatment of cerebral vasospasm following subarachnoid haemorrhage.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the procedure reports, anaesthetic records, clinical charts and CT and angiographic images of 9 patients who had received intra-arterial nimodipine; 1 of these patients received both nimodipine and papaverine. The difference in arterial luminal diameter before and after treatment was calculated as a percentage change.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average dose of nimodipine administered per vessel was 3.3mg. The mean increase in arterial diameter was 66.6% in the vasospastic segment. There was no significant change in blood pressure of any of the subjects during endovascular treatment of vasospasm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intra-arterial nimodipine is effective in improving angiographic vasospasm complicating subarachnoid haemorrhage. Further studies aimed at examining the clinical benefits of nimodipine are warranted, particularly in view of the low risk of adverse side effects of nimopidine when compared with papaverine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Imaging, Monash Medical Centre, Clayton, Vic., Australia. cathryn.hui@southernhealth.org.au
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hui
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Lau
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002533:Cerebral Angiography; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009553:Nimodipine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010208:Papaverine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020301:Vasospasm, Intracranial / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009553:Nimodipine; D010208:Papaverine