Profile of clinical efficacy and safety of topical tacalcitol.
Several topical treatments such as ointments, keratolytics, dithranol, tar, corticosteroids and Vitamin D3 analogues are commonly used in the treatment of mild and/or moderate psoriasis. These treatments can be associated with a variety of local and systemic side effects, as well as to very often unsatisfactory results. The purpose of this critical review of the literature is to evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of the synthesis of new analogues of the Vitamin D3 Tacalcitol, which is formulated in ointment form at a concentration of 4 microg/g, for the treatment of mild and/or moderate psoriasis (involvement of <20% of the surface of the skin) and to evaluate whether this drug can be used in the treatment of other skin conditions. Based on existing data in the literature, Tacalcitol is an effective drug for the topical treatment of psoriasis and is also able to ensure that the effects last over time, even after treatment has stopped. Tacalcitol is also well tolerated because the onset of side effects, such as local irritation, pruriginous or burning sensations, were reported in only a small percentage of the subjects who were treated. Lastly, the marked regulatory effects it has on the proliferation and differentiation of keratinocytes, as well as on the immunocompetent cells, has led to suggestions that Tacalcitol may be used in other keratinisation disorders and in some hyperproliferative skin diseases. Evaluation of the effective indications to use in these conditions still requires further data confirming its effectiveness, opening the way to wider use of this molecule in dermatology.
Leone
Giovanni
G
Phototherapy Service, San Gallicano Dermatological Institute, IRCCS, Rome, Italy. gleone@ifo.it
Pacifico
Alessia
A
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D004100:Dihydroxycholecalciferols / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015603:Keratinocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D008297:Male; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D009824:Ointments; D011701:PUVA Therapy; D010789:Phototherapy; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012871:Skin Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D013997:Time Factors; D014820:Vitiligo / Q000188:drug therapy*
D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D004100:Dihydroxycholecalciferols; D009824:Ointments; C023850:1 alpha,24-dihydroxyvitamin D3