title: Influence of condensation temperature on selected exhaled breath parameters.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The effects of changes in cooling temperature on biomarker levels in exhaled breath condensate have been little investigated. The aim of the study was to test the effect of condensation temperature on the parameters of exhaled breath condensate and the levels of selected biomarkers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Exhaled breath condensate was collected from 24 healthy subjects at temperatures of -10, -5, 0 and +5 C degrees. Selected parameters (condensed volume and conductivity) and biomarkers (hydrogen peroxide, malondialdehyde) were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a progressive increase in hydrogen peroxide and malondialdehyde concentrations, and condensate conductivity as the cooling temperature increased; total condensate volume increased as the cooling temperature decreased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cooling temperature of exhaled breath condensate collection influenced selected biomarkers and potential normalizing factors (particularly conductivity) in different ways ex vivo. The temperature of exhaled breath condensate collection should be controlled and reported.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Occupational Safety and Prevention, Research Center at the University of Parma, Parma, Italy. matgold@libero.it
authors.forename: Matteo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goldoni
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caglieri
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Andreoli
authors.forename: Diana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Poli
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Manini
authors.forename: Maria Vittoria
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Vettori
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Corradi
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mutti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D001944:Breath Tests; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers