The power of paperwork: how Philip Morris neutralized the medical code for secondhand smoke.
A new medical diagnostic code for secondhand smoke exposure became available in 1994, but as of 2004 it remained an invalid entry on a common medical form. Soon after the code appeared, Philip Morris hired a Washington consultant to influence the governmental process for creating and using medical codes. Tobacco industry documents reveal that Philip Morris budgeted more than $2 million for this "ICD-9 Project." Tactics to prevent adoption of the new code included third-party lobbying, Paperwork Reduction Act challenges, and backing an alternative coding arrangement. Philip Morris's reaction reveals the importance of policy decisions related to data collection and paperwork.
Cook
Daniel M
DM
Center for Tobacco Control Research and Education, University of California, San Francisco (UCSF), USA.
Tong
Elisa K
EK
Glantz
Stanton A
SA
Bero
Lisa A
LA
D014487:Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, U.S.; D005568:Forms and Records Control / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D006291:Health Policy / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D006801:Humans; D007344:Insurance Claim Reporting / Q000145:classification / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D007373:Interinstitutional Relations; D038801:International Classification of Diseases / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D008119:Lobbying; D006278:Medicare / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D009309:National Center for Health Statistics, U.S.; D011050:Policy Making; D019460:Tobacco Industry; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000191:economics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D014481:United States; D037041:United States Government Agencies
D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution