Conventional and molecular epidemiology of macrolide resistance among new Mycobacterium avium complex isolates recovered from HIV-infected patients.
We performed a retrospective cohort study of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-associated Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC) infection during 1997-2004 to assess for factors associated with initial macrolide resistance. Of 52 HIV-associated sterile-site MAC isolates, 9 (17%) were initially macrolide resistant. Prior MAC treatment and prolonged MAC prophylaxis with macrolides were associated with infection with a macrolide-resistant isolate; 2 (22%) of 9 patients had limited or no prior macrolide exposure. Initial MAC isolates in HIV-infected persons should routinely be tested for macrolide resistance.
Gardner
Edward M
EM
Denver Public Health, Department of Medicine, Division of Infectious Diseases, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Denver 80204, USA.
Burman
William J
WJ
DeGroote
Mary Ann
MA
Hildred
Ginger
G
Pace
Norman R
NR
D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D018942:Macrolides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D015269:Mycobacterium avium Complex; D015270:Mycobacterium avium-intracellulare Infection / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D018942:Macrolides