title: Indocyanine green-mediated photothrombosis with and without intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide for subfoveal choroidal neovascularization in age-related macular degeneration: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the feasibility, safety, and clinical effect of treating patients with subfoveal choroidal neovascularization (CNV) in age-related macular degeneration (AMD) with indocyanine green (ICG)-mediated photothrombosis (IMP) with and without intravitreal triamcinolone acetonide (TA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen patients (19 eyes) participated in the study. Nine eyes of seven patients were treated with IMP immediately followed by an intravitreal injection of 4 mg of TA (Group A), and 10 eyes of 8 patients were treated with IMP only (Group B). Patients had a mean follow-up of 6.9 months (range: 3 to 12 months). Patients underwent single or two sessions of IMP.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Group A, visual acuity (VA) showed stability in 6 eyes (66.7%), improvement of VA in 2 eyes (22.2%), and worsening of VA in 1 eye (11.1%). Group B presented VA stability in 9 eyes (90%), and improvement in 1 eye (10%). In total, of the 15 patients (19 eyes) with IMP with or without intravitreal TA, 3 eyes (15.8%) showed improvement, 15 eyes (78.9%) stability, and 1 eye (5.3%) showed worsening of VA. A significant regression of the CNV and diminishing of subretinal fluid was demonstrated with fluorescein angiography and optical coherence tomography in both groups. No patient in Group A required retreatment. Four of 10 eyes (40%) in Group B required one retreatment during the study period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ICG-mediated photothrombosis with and without intravitreal TA may provide stability or improvement in visual acuity and fundus findings in subfoveal CNV in AMD. Further evaluation in a multicenter, randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial with longer follow-up is needed to accurately assess the safety and efficacy of this new treatment modality.
authors.affiliation: Retina and Vitreous Service, Clinica Oftalmologica Centro Caracas, Venezuela. areval1@telcel.net.ve
authors.forename: J Fernando
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Arevalo
authors.forename: Arístides J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Mendoza
authors.forename: Carlos F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Fernández
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D020256:Choroidal Neovascularization / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D005584:Fovea Centralis; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007267:Injections; D008268:Macular Degeneration / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014822:Vitreous Body
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide; D007208:Indocyanine Green