title: Calcium channel blocker and renal mitochondrial function in warm renal ischemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Ions, particularly calcium ions, play an important role in ischemia-reperfusion cell injury. In this study, we investigated the action of verapamil on the mitochondrial function of kidneys submitted to ischemia without blood reperfusion in order to study isolated early and late ischemic effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  44 rats were submitted to bilateral warm renal ischemia for 30 minutes. The kidneys were then immediately reperfused with saline or Euro-Collins (EC) solution, with and without previous administration of 0.35 mg/kg of verapamil. Mitochondrial function was assessed at the end of renal perfusion and after 24 hours of cold preservation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In kidneys perfused with saline, verapamil allowed a significant early preservation of state III mitochondrial respiration, a result that was no longer evident after 24 hours. In kidneys perfused with EC solution, verapamil did not change state III for either early or late evaluations. Comparison of the groups showed that the results obtained for kidneys perfused with EC were always superior to those obtained for the saline group, except for the initial analysis of kidneys treated with saline and verapamil, which showed results similar to those obtained with EC perfusion alone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Administration of verapamil before warm ischemia provides partial and short-lasting functional protection of the mitochondrial function in kidneys perfused with sodium rich saline. With Euro-Collins solution, verapamil did not show any additional beneficial effect. This fact permits us to conclude that protective action is effective only under conditions that facilitate increased sodium uptake and/or potassium loss.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Experimental Surgery, Department of Surgery and Anatomy, Ribeirao Preto School of Medicine, University of Sao Paulo, Ribeirao Preto, SP, Brazil. stucci@convex.com.br
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tucci
authors.forename: Tiago J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Borelli-Bovo
authors.forename: Adauto J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Cologna
authors.forename: Ricardo B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Tiraboschi
authors.forename: Antonio C P
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Martins
authors.forename: Jose E S
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Roselino
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050377:Cold Ischemia / Q000379:methods; D006982:Hypertonic Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010477:Perfusion; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014700:Verapamil / Q000494:pharmacology*; D052096:Warm Ischemia / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D006982:Hypertonic Solutions; D014700:Verapamil