title: Prostacyclin versus citrate in continuous haemodiafiltration: an observational study in patients with high risk of bleeding.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The efficacy and safety of prostacyclin (PGI2) and citrate (ACD) anticoagulation were observed and compared during continuous haemodiafiltration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mechanically ventilated patients received either the PGI2 analogue epoprostenol (group A, n = 17) in escalating doses of 4.5-10.0 ng.kg(-1).min(-1) in combination with heparin (6 IU.kg(-1).h(-1)) or 2.2% ACD (group B, n = 15). Blood flow was set to match the circuit-filling volume per unit time equal to the intravascular half-life of PGI2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median filter lifetimes were 26 h (interquartile range 16-37) in group A (39 filters) and 36.5 h (interquartile range 23-50) in group B (56 filters; p < 0.01). In group A, 4 patients (23.5%, p < 0.05) had the dose reduced due to hypotension. The final mean dose of PGI2 was 8.7 +/- 2.4 ng.kg(-1).min(-1). Four patients in group A (23.5%, p < 0.05) were switched to ACD due to a decrease in platelet count. No bleeding episodes, decrease in platelet count or adverse haemodynamic effects were encountered in group B. The cost of epoprostenol plus low dose heparin (EUR 204.73 +/- 53.04) was significantly higher than the cost of ACD-based anticoagulation (EUR 93.92 +/- 45.2, p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ACD offers longer filter survival, has no impact on platelet count and is less expensive. Increasing the dose of PGI2 up to the average of 8.7 ng.kg(-1).min(-1) did not increase the haemodynamic side effects.
authors.affiliation: Department Anaesthesia and Intensive Care, University Hospital Kralovske Vinohrady, Prague, Czech Republic. balik@fnkv.cz
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Balik
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Waldauf
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Plásil
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pachl
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000191:economics; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011464:Epoprostenol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000191:economics; D005260:Female; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D017583:Hemodiafiltration / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006493:Heparin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; C002113:acid citrate dextrose; D019343:Citric Acid; D006493:Heparin; D011464:Epoprostenol; D005947:Glucose