title: Botulinum-A toxin detrusor and sphincter injection in treatment of overactive bladder syndrome: objective outcome and patient satisfaction.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the effect of botulinum-a toxin injections into the detrusor and external sphincter muscle in patients with overactive bladder (OAB) symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  We included 44 patients - 41 women and three men with a mean age of 66.1 years - who were suffering from OAB symptoms that were refractory to anticholinergic treatment. We injected 200-300 U of BTX-A (Botox) into the detrusor muscle; 22 patients also received external sphincter injections. For outcome analysis, we used a bladder diary, a urodynamic examination, and a questionnaire that consisted of 27 validated questions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Changes in the bladder diary 4 weeks and 3, 6, and 9 months after BTX-A injection were as follows: Micturition frequency was reduced by 12%, 16%, 13% and 9%, respectively. Average pad use decreased from 4.2 pads per day to at most 2.4 pads per day after 6 months. Urodynamic changes were most distinct after 4 weeks: the volume when the first uninhibited detrusor contraction occurred increased from 149+/-18.2 mL to 263 +/- 24.2 mL, and maximum cystometric bladder capacity increased from 228 +/- 19.2 mL to 305 +/- 19.0 mL. Subjectively, 86% of the patients would choose this procedure for their bladder condition again. Residua 4 weeks after additional injection into the sphincter muscle were distinctly smaller than in the "only detrusor" group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BTX-A detrusor and sphincter injection is very effective in treating OAB symptoms. For patients who might be expected to have residual urine after injection only into the detrusor, additional injection of low doses of BTX-A into the external sphincter muscle could be one option to reduce that risk.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, St. Hedwig Hospital, Teaching Hospital of Charité University Hospital, Berlin, Germany. hschultebaukloh@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Heinrich
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schulte-Baukloh
authors.forename: Catarina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stolze
authors.forename: Jaqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Herholz
authors.forename: Burkard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stürzebecher
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Helmut H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Knispel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D020127:Recovery of Function; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014563:Urodynamics
chemical_list: D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A