title: An in vitro evaluation of the antibacterial efficacy of chlorine dioxide on E. faecalis in bovine incisors.
abstract: This study investigated the ability of chlorine dioxide to eliminate Enterococcus faecalis from dentinal tubules of bovine incisors. Thirty-seven extracted bovine incisor roots were sectioned into seventy-four 5 mm disks. Standardized lumens were filled with either sterile Brain Heart Infusion Broth (contamination controls, n = 10) or BHI containing E. faecalis (1.0 x 10 cfu/ml). Disks were incubated in 5% CO2 at 37 degrees C for 72 h. To simulate endodontic instrumentation the lumens were again enlarged. Sixty disks were randomly divided into four experimental groups and filled with one of the following irrigants: 10% Clidox-S (chlorine dioxide), 13.8% BioClenz (chlorine dioxide), 5.25% Clorox, or saline. The disks were incubated for 30 min and were then frozen, pulverized, serially diluted in phosphate buffered saline, and plated on BHI plates in triplicate. Total colony forming units were counted macroscopically. Statistical analysis of the data was performed with a Kruskal-Wallis one-way ANOVA on ranks (p < 0.05, n = 60). Bacterial counts, expressed in log10 cfu/disk were as follows (">" denotes significant differences): Saline > Clidox-S = BioClenz > Clorox. All negative controls were sterile. Chlorine dioxide and NaOCL were both effective in eliminating E. faecalis from the dentinal disks within 30 min.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Army Endodontic Residency Program, Fort Gordon, Georgia, USA.
authors.forename: Russell S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Eddy
authors.forename: Anthony P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Joyce
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Thomas B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Buxton
authors.forename: Frederick
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liewehr
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002417:Cattle; D017606:Chlorine Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000187:drug effects*; D007180:Incisor; D010087:Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D017606:Chlorine Compounds; D010087:Oxides; C025109:chlorine dioxide