title: How do giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) respond to varying properties of enrichments? A comparison of behavioral profiles among five enrichment items.
abstract: This study investigated the responses of 14 giant pandas (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) to 5 enrichment items (3 manipulable objects, 2 feeding devices) that possess different properties affording varying behavioral opportunities. Enrichment items were quantitatively described by using 12 properties. Pandas displayed no preferences among the 5 enrichment treatments, all of which had similar positive effects on behavioral measures of well-being (behavioral diversity, stereotypy). However, each item promoted a distinct behavioral profile, readily mapped onto the enrichment's properties. These results suggest that it may be important to stimulate behavioral diversity but that specific behaviors or enrichment properties are not required. The unique behavioral topography seen with these enrichments also suggests that providing multiple enrichments with varying properties will maximize overall behavioral diversity.
authors.affiliation: Conservation and Research for Endangered Species, Zoological Society of San Diego, CA 92112, USA. rswaisgood@sandiegozoo.org
authors.forename: Ronald R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Swaisgood
authors.forename: Angela M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Xiaoping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Guiquan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Donald G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Lindburg
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D004193:Discrimination Learning; D005106:Exploratory Behavior; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012931:Social Environment; D001503:Ursidae / Q000523:psychology*