Prevalence and risk factors for Chlamydia trachomatis infection in female New Zealand university students.
OBJECTIVE
To measure the prevalence of urogenital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in a sample of sexually active female university students, to identify risk factors associated with infection, and to measure the uptake of screening.


METHODS
Female students aged 18-25 years, presenting to a university student health service from March to October 2003, were invited to participate. Information on demographic details and sexual behaviour was collected with a self-completed questionnaire. The students were tested for Chlamydia infection using the Roche Amplicor CT/NG PCR test of first void urine specimens.


RESULTS
Chlamydia prevalence was 2.7% (19/715). Infection was associated with previous sexually transmitted infection (STI), non-European ethnicity, and irregular use of condoms. Most participants were not using condoms regularly despite the risk of STI. Screening was technically straightforward and the participation rate was 59.9% (718/1199).


CONCLUSIONS
New Zealand needs to develop and implement an adequately resourced and evidence-based Chlamydia control strategy. This strategy should contain national guidelines on screening in a range of settings, including universities, as well as strategies for primary prevention of Chlamydia and other STI. Clinicians treating university-aged students should consider opportunistic Chlamydia screening for all of those who are sexually active. Further research, preferably in conjunction with intervention studies, is essential to assess the prevalence of Chlamydia in other populations.
Baker
Michael
M
Institute of Environmental Science and Research Limited, Porirua. michael.baker@wnmeds.ac.nz
Ortega-Benito
Jose
J
Garret
Nick
N
Bromhead
Collette
C
Leslie
Kathryn
K
MacDonald
Jane
J
McNicholas
Anne
A
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis; D015897:Comorbidity; D017280:Condoms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003268:Contraception Behavior / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009520:New Zealand / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D013333:Student Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D013334:Students / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*