title: The effects of rosiglitazone and metformin on oxidative stress and homocysteine levels in lean patients with polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oxidative stress and hyperhomocysteinaemia are risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to assess the effects of rosiglitazone and metformin on cardiovascular disease risk factors such as insulin resistance, oxidative stress and homocysteine levels in lean patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty lean patients (BMI <25 kg/m2) with PCOS and 35 healthy subjects were included this study. Serum homocysteine, sex steroids, fasting insulin, fasting glucose and lipid levels were measured. Total antioxidant status (TAS; combines concentrations of individual antioxidants) and malonyldialdehyde concentration (MDA) were determined. Insulin resistance was evaluated by using the homeostasis model insulin resistance index (HOMA-IR), quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI), Area under the curve insulin (AUCI) and the insulin sensitivity index (ISI). Patients were divided into two groups. One group was treated with metformin (n = 25) and the other received rosiglitazone (n = 25) for 12 weeks. All measurements were repeated at the end of 12 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with healthy women, those with PCOS had significantly elevated serum MDA, homocysteine, HOMA-IR, AUCI and lipoprotein a levels, and significantly decreased serum TAS, QUICKI and ISI. Serum free testosterone levels showed a significant positive correlation with MDA, AUCI and HOMA-IR, and a negative correlation with TAS, ISI and QUICKI in PCOS patients. HOMA-IR and AUCI significantly decreased, while QUICKI and ISI significantly increased after treatment in both groups. Serum TAS level increased and serum MDA level decreased after the rosiglitazone treatment, but these parameters did not change after the metformin treatment. Serum homocysteine and lipid levels did not change in either group, while serum androgen levels and LH/FSH ratio significantly decreased after the treatment period in only the rosiglitazone-treated group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Elevated insulin resistance, oxidative stress and plasma homocysteine levels and changes in serum lipid profile (risk factors for cardiovascular disease) were observed in lean PCOS patients. Rosiglitazone seemed to decrease elevated oxidative stress when compared with metformin treatment in lean PCOS patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Faculty of Medicine, Kirikkale University, 71100 Kirikkale, Turkey. muratt@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Neslihan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bukan
authors.forename: Göksun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ayvaz
authors.forename: Ayhan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karakoç
authors.forename: Füsun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Törüner
authors.forename: Nuri
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cakir
authors.forename: Metin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arslan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000728:Androgens / Q000378:metabolism; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D005260:Female; D006706:Homeostasis; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015233:Models, Statistical; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012307:Risk Factors; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D012907:Smoking; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D000975:Antioxidants; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D008055:Lipids; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D006710:Homocysteine; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D008687:Metformin