title: Successful treatment of bronchiolitis obliterans in a bone marrow transplant patient with tumor necrosis factor-alpha blockade.
abstract: Bronchiolitis obliterans (BO) in children is a rare, inflammatory/fibrosing process involving the small airways that often results in progressive, irreversible obstructive pulmonary disease. Because treatment has focused mainly on supportive care and generally unsuccessful immunosuppression, children with BO experience significant morbidity and mortality. We report a case of biopsy-proven BO after bone marrow transplantation in a child who, after failed corticosteroid therapy, was treated with infliximab, a monoclonal antibody with binding specificity for human tumor necrosis factor-alpha. With initiation of treatment, her pulmonary symptoms and radiographic and spirometric evidence of BO resolved. Nine months later, she remains asymptomatic and shows no evidence of pulmonary decompensation. This case illustrates a successful treatment of BO with selective tumor necrosis factor-alpha blockade.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Texas Children's Hospital, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
authors.forename: Jason J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Fullmer
authors.forename: Leland L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Megan K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Dishop
authors.forename: Cheryl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodgers
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Krance
mesh_terms: D000741:Anemia, Aplastic / Q000601:surgery; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016026:Bone Marrow Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001989:Bronchiolitis Obliterans / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D000069285:Infliximab; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D000069285:Infliximab