title: Orbital metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma.
abstract: We report a case of orbital metastasis from hepatocellular carcinoma and review the literature. A 45-year-old healthy male patient presented with proptosis due to an orbital mass. Histopathologic examination indicated that the tumor was a secondary from a hepatocellular carcinoma, and further investigations revealed the primary tumor in the liver. Hepatocellular carcinoma is a rare source of metastasis to the orbit, and to our knowledge, only 14 histopathologically proven cases have been reported previously. Proptosis was the most common presenting feature in the reviewed reports. A majority of patients had occult primary tumors at presentation and the diagnosis of the orbital mass was based on histopathologic features.
authors.affiliation: Ocular Oncology Service, LV Prasad Eye Institute, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: Roshmi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Santosh G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Honavar
authors.forename: Geeta K
authors.initials: GK
authors.lastname: Vemuganti
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000556:secondary*; D005094:Exophthalmos / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009918:Orbital Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000556:secondary*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed