title: Visual outcome and electron microscopic features of indocyanine green-assisted internal limiting membrane peeling from macular hole of various aetiologies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the visual outcome of internal limiting membrane (ILM) peeling for macular hole of various aetiologies and ultrastructural features of the ILM.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted on 40 eyes of 38 patients. Thirty eyes with full thickness macular hole were treated with vitrectomy and removal of ILM. Ten eyes with retinal detachment served as negative controls and these patients underwent vitrectomy and ILM removal. The surgical specimens were examined by transmission electron microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The anatomical success rate of the first operation was 90% in idiopathic and myopic groups, whereas it was 100% in traumatic macular hole group. Visual improvement of (3) two lines was noted in 80% of the cases. Electron microscopy revealed the presence of ILM in all surgical specimens. Proliferation of astrocytes and synthesis of new collagen along the inner surface of ILM was noted in the surgical specimens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that the ILM removal helps in closure of the macular hole and retinal reattachment. Vitrectomy with ILM peeling is a reasonable surgical approach to treat macular holes of idiopathic, myopic and traumatic aetiology.
authors.affiliation: Dr. Rajendra Prasad Center for Ophthalmic Sciences, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India. akum66mm@del6.vsnl.net.in
authors.forename: Atul
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Vijay B
authors.initials: VB
authors.lastname: Wagh
authors.forename: Gunjan
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Prakash
authors.forename: T C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Nag
authors.forename: Shikha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Prakash
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001485:Basement Membrane / Q000601:surgery / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D002648:Child; D004396:Coloring Agents; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007208:Indocyanine Green; D008297:Male; D046529:Microscopy, Electron, Transmission; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014821:Vitrectomy / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D007208:Indocyanine Green