title: Female sex hormones and migraine.
abstract: During the reproductive years migraine is three times more common in women than in men. Although it is often assumed that this female preponderance is associated with the additional trigger of fluctuating sex hormones of the menstrual cycle, few studies have been undertaken to confirm or refute this. There is increasing evidence confirming an association between estrogen 'withdrawal' and attacks of migraine without aura, as well as evidence for an association between high estrogen states and attacks of migraine with aura.
authors.affiliation: The City of London Migraine Clinic, London. anne.macgregor@bartsandthelondon.nhs.uk
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: MacGregor
mesh_terms: D004967:Estrogens / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008597:Menstrual Cycle / Q000502:physiology; D008881:Migraine Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020325:Migraine with Aura / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones