title: Pollinating fig wasps: genetic consequences of island recolonization.
abstract: The levels of genetic diversity and gene flow may influence the long-term persistence of populations. Using microsatellite markers, we investigated genetic diversity and genetic differentiation in island (Krakatau archipelago, Indonesia) and mainland (Java and Sumatra, Indonesia) populations of Liporrhopalum tentacularis and Ceratosolen bisulcatus, the fig wasp pollinators of two dioecious Ficus (fig tree) species. Genetic diversity in Krakatau archipelago populations was similar to that found on the mainland. Population differentiation between mainland coastal sites and the Krakatau islands was weak in both wasp species, indicating that the intervening 40 km across open sea may not be a barrier for wasp gene flow (dispersal) and colonization of the islands. Surprisingly, mainland populations of the fig waSPS may be more genetically isolated than the islands, as gene flow between populations on the Javan mainland differed between the two wasp species. Contrasting growth forms and relative 'immunity' to the effects of deforestation in their host fig trees may account for these differences.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plant Population Biology, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Heteren, Netherlands. m.zavodna@nioo.knaw.nl
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zavodna
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Arens
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Van Dijk
authors.forename: Tukirin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Partomihardjo
authors.forename: Ben
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vosman
authors.forename: Jos M M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Van Damme
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017931:DNA Primers; D003710:Demography; D030681:Ficus; D005787:Gene Frequency; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005828:Genetics, Population; D005843:Geography; D007214:Indonesia; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D011157:Population Dynamics; D014863:Wasps / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers