title: Effect of pentylenetetrazol-induced epileptic seizure on the antioxidant enzyme activities, glutathione and lipid peroxidation levels in rat erythrocytes and liver tissues.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In order to clarify whether oxidative stress accompanies epilepsy, we examined the effects of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced epilepsy on the lipid peroxidation and antioxidant enzyme activities in erythrocytes and liver tissues of adult Wistar rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  The activities of antioxidative enzymes (glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G-6-PD)), copper, zinc-superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn-SOD), catalase (CAT), selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GSH-Px) and the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) were measured in erythrocytes and liver tissues of pentylenetetrazol (PTZ)-induced epileptic adult Wistar rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Single PTZ treatment in a convulsive dose of 50 mg/kg significantly reduced the erythrocyte Cu,Zn-SOD, CAT enzyme activities and GSH levels compared to controls (P < 0.001, P < 0.001, P < 0.05, respectively). Erythrocyte and liver tissue TBARS levels in the epileptic group were significantly higher than controls (P < 0.0001). There was a significant decrease in liver tissue Cu,Zn-SOD activity and GSH levels in the epileptic group (P < 0.0001), whereas significantly higher activities of G-6-PD and Se-GSH-Px were found in the epileptic group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrate a generalized diminished antioxidant activity and increased TBARS level indicating enhanced oxidative stress in the liver and erythrocytes of epileptic rats. Increased oxidative stress in the liver of epileptic rats might be due to the activation of the recently found glutamate receptors in the liver. These findings suggest that the use of antioxidants with antiepileptic drugs and new drugs such as type-5 metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGlu5) antagonist (MPEP) might protect erythrocytes and liver tissue against anoxic damage and oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratory, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey. halideakbas@akdeniz.edu.tr
authors.forename: S Halide
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Akbas
authors.forename: Aysenur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yegin
authors.forename: Tomris
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ozben
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004830:Epilepsy, Tonic-Clonic / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism*; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D005954:Glucosephosphate Dehydrogenase; D002374:Catalase; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D005978:Glutathione; D010433:Pentylenetetrazole