title: Lack of acute cardioprotective effect from preischaemic erythropoietin administration in a porcine coronary occlusion model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recombinant human erythropoietin (rhEPO) has been proposed to possess important tissue protective, apart from haematopoietic, effects. Cardioprotective effects have thus been reported in rodents exposed to myocardial ischaemia. Pathways common to the mediation of ischaemic preconditioning may be involved. Before clinical testing such possible cardioprotective effects needs assessment in an experimental large animal model with closer similarity to human ischaemic pathophysiology.
  
  
  METHODS
  A control group and two rhEPO groups were studied. EPO1 pigs were given EPO corresponding to the early window and EPO2 pigs to the early and late window of ischaemic preconditioning in a closed chest, catheter-based, porcine coronary occlusion model (45 min of occlusion of the left anterior descending artery). Infarct size as a proportion of the ischaemic area (IS/AAR) was measured in vivo by myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI) and postmortem by a histochemical procedure (at 150 min of reperfusion).
  
  
  RESULTS
  IS/AAR did not differ significantly between control (C), EPO1 and EPO2 groups, neither measured by MPI (mean+/-SD for C: 0.87+/-0.13; EPO1: 0.92+/-0.08; EPO2: 0.87+/-0.11), nor histochemically (mean+/-SD for C: 0.64+/-0.20; EPO1: 0.75+/-0.17; EPO2: 0.80+/-0.07). In the EPO2 group mean arterial pulmonary pressure and dP/dtmax were increased compared with control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite promising results from studies in rodents, rhEPO did not reduce infarct size measured after 2.5 h of reperfusion in our porcine model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Physiology and Nuclear Medicine, Aarhus University Hospital, Skejby Hospital, Aarhus, Denmark. jenskristensen@dadlnet.dk
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kristensen
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maeng
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rehling
authors.forename: Jette S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Berg
authors.forename: Ulrik M
authors.initials: UM
authors.lastname: Mortensen
authors.forename: Søren S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: Torsten T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Nielsen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000187:drug effects; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D023921:Coronary Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013552:Swine; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004921:Erythropoietin