title: Fumaric acid esters for severe psoriasis: a retrospective review of 58 cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fumaric acid esters (FAE) have been used to treat severe psoriasis in northern Europe for over 20 years. A recent systematic review has shown FAE to be an effective systemic treatment for severe psoriasis. However, FAE remain unlicensed in the U.K.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To present data relating to the efficacy and tolerability of FAE in severe psoriasis and report our experiences of FAE therapy at one U.K. centre.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who had received FAE for severe psoriasis at one U.K. regional referral centre between June 1999 and October 2003 were identified from pharmacy records. Their records were analysed retrospectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-eight patients (25 women, 33 men) were identified. Fifty-five (95%) of the 58 patients had previously used other systemic antipsoriatic therapies with over 70% previously using two or more agents. Thirty-two patients (55%) showed improvement in their psoriasis with 10 (17%) being rated as 'clear' or 'virtually clear' by the attending physician. No improvement was seen in 28% patients and 16% showed worsening of their disease. Adverse events were common and were reported in 66% patients. These mainly consisted of abdominal pain (61%), diarrhoea (55%), flushing (45%), nausea (21%) and malaise (15%). They led to discontinuation of treatment in 15 patients after a mean period of 4.7 months. Lymphocytopenia developed during treatment in 57% of patients, all of whom had had a baseline value within the normal range. In only one patient was this considered severe enough to warrant withdrawal of treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study has shown that FAE are an effective therapy in selected patients with severe psoriasis, even in those who have previously been intolerant of systemic therapy or where it has failed.
authors.affiliation: The Dermatology Centre, The University of Manchester, Hope Hospital, Stott Lane, Salford, Manchester, UK. mjharries@doctors.org.uk
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Harries
authors.forename: R J G
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Chalmers
authors.forename: C E M
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Griffiths
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D000069462:Dimethyl Fumarate; D004802:Eosinophilia / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D005650:Fumarates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000201:enzymology; D008231:Lymphopenia / Q000139:chemically induced; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005650:Fumarates; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D000069462:Dimethyl Fumarate