title: Rosiglitazone protects against ischemia/reperfusion-induced leukocyte adhesion in the zucker diabetic fatty rat.
abstract: Increased susceptibility to atherosclerosis increases the risk of mortality in type 2 diabetic patients. Leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium is a critical step in atherogenesis. In addition to its insulin-sensitizing effects, rosiglitazone (RSG) possesses anti-inflammatory properties. However, the effects of RSG on the initial phase of leukocyte recruitment (rolling, adhesion) have not been studied in vivo. This study tested the hypothesis that RSG treatment of Zucker diabetic fatty (ZDF) rats inhibits ischemia/reperfusion-induced leukocyte adhesion to the endothelium. Male ZDF rats (16 weeks) were treated with RSG (3 mg/kg/day, p.o.) 7 days before experimentation. Leukocyte-endothelial interactions in cremaster venules were recorded using intravital microscopy prior to 30 min of ischemia and during a 90-min reperfusion period. Although blood pressure, plasma glucose, and insulin were not different between treatment groups, RSG treatment was associated with reduced leukocyte rolling and inhibition of leukocyte adhesion throughout the reperfusion period (P < 0.01). Cremaster mRNA expression of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) was reduced by 35% in RSG-treated animals (P < 0.01), whereas P- and E-selectin and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) were unchanged. Immunostaining for P-selectin, E-selectin, and VCAM-1 was reduced by 21, 61, and 50%, respectively (for all, P < 0.05), in RSG-treated animals. Inhibition of ischemia/reperfusion-induced leukocyte adhesion might contribute to the utility of RSG as a therapy for vascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis, GlaxoSmithKline, 709 Swedeland Rd, UW2510, King of Prussia, PA 19406, USA. douglas.g.johns@gsk.com
authors.forename: Douglas G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Johns
authors.forename: Zhaohui
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ao
authors.forename: Marianne
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eybye
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Olzinski
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Costell
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gruver
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Stephen A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Douglas
authors.forename: Colin H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Macphee
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D011924:Rats, Zucker; D000077154:Rosiglitazone; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D052242:Adiponectin; D001786:Blood Glucose; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D000077154:Rosiglitazone