Ultra-high redox enzyme signal transduction using highly ordered carbon nanotube array electrodes.
We report on a highly ordered array of carbon nanotubes (CNTs) that serves as a universally direct nanoelectrode interface for redox proteins and provides an efficient conduit for electron transfer. The site-selective, covalent docking of the enzyme glucose oxidase (GO(x)) on the CNT tips is found to have a marked effect on enhancing electron transfer properties, as measured by cyclic voltammetry. A unimolecular electron transfer rate of 1500 s(-1) has been measured for this system, a value exceeding the rate of oxygen reduction by glucose oxidase. Furthermore, the redox enzyme-CNT array conjugate can be utilized as a quantitative, substrate-specific biosensor.
Withey
G D
GD
Division of Engineering, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA.
Lazareck
A D
AD
Tzolov
M B
MB
Yin
A
A
Aich
P
P
Yeh
J I
JI
Xu
J M
JM
D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005947:Glucose / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D005949:Glucose Oxidase / Q000737:chemistry*; D008839:Microelectrodes; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D015398:Signal Transduction
D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D037742:Nanotubes, Carbon; D005949:Glucose Oxidase; D005947:Glucose