title: Treatment options for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV.
abstract: Vertically acquired HIV infection has been virtually eliminated in developed countries through the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART), reducing mother-to-child transmission rates to below 1 to 2%. However, with the increasing use of HAART, particularly when initiated before or during early pregnancy, safety and toxicity issues for both women and infants have gained significance. In less developed countries, the effectiveness of simpler and less costly antiretroviral strategies has been shown to be acceptable; however, the high prevalence of resistance associated with the use of monotherapy, in particular single dose nevirapine, has meant increasing attention focused on the use of combination therapy in these countries.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Paediatric Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Child Health, University College London, London, UK. c.thorne@ich.ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Claire
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Thorne
authors.forename: Marie-Louise
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Newell
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D001942:Breast Feeding; D003906:Developing Countries; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011295:Prenatal Care
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents