title: Clinicostatistical study of carotid calcification on panoramic radiographs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose was to evaluate carotid calcifications on panoramic radiographs, and relate to risk factors for vascular diseases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1997 and 2001, 2568 radiographs were retrospectively collected from new patients at Mie University Hospital whose ages ranged from 50 to 70 years. The mean age of the subjects was 62.2 years (men 61.9 years, women 62.3 years). Medical and social data were collected from case notes, and body weight, height, and age of menopause confirmed by telephone interviews.
  
  
  RESULTS
  About 106 carotid calcifications were found on the panoramic radiographs of 26 males and 80 females. The ratio of males to females was 1:3.07. The subjects with carotid calcifications had medical histories that included hypertension (27.6%), obesity (21.1%), hyperlipidemia (14.5%), and cardiovascular diseases (13.2%), all with recognized risk factors for atheromas. Of 76 patients who responded to follow up interviews, two (2.63%) died from cardiovascular stroke during an average follow up of 2.43 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results show carotid calcifications detected on panoramic radiographs can be used to help predict vascular strokes in patients. In cases where calcified carotid artery atheromas are detected, the dentist or oral and maxillofacial surgeon should refer the patient to a specialized physician.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Mie University, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inui
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakase
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okumura
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tagawa
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001161:Arteriosclerosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016893:Carotid Stenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012744:Sex Ratio; D020521:Stroke / Q000517:prevention & control