title: Lipopolysaccharide induces cell death in cultured porcine myenteric neurons.
abstract: Enteric bacteria execute, via lipopolysaccharide (LPS), a pathogenic role in intestinal inflammation. The effects of LPS on survival and neurotransmitter expression in cultured porcine myenteric neurons were investigated. Myenteric neurons were isolated and cultured for 6 days in medium, in LPS (100 ng/ml) with or without alpha-ketoglutarate or the nitric oxide synthase (NOS) inhibitor L-NAME, in alpha-ketoglutarate or in the NO donor SNAP. Neuronal survival and expression of vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) and NOS were evaluated by immunocytochemistry. Addition of LPS significantly decreased neuronal survival; only 40% survived, compared to controls run in parallel. The LPS-induced neurotoxic effect was not counteracted by the simultaneous presence of alpha-ketoglutarate or L-NAME. Either SNAP or alpha-ketoglutarate influenced neuronal survival. Culturing, particularly in the presence of LPS, markedly increased the proportion of VIP-immunoreactive neurons; NOS-immunoreactive neurons were unchanged. The reported LPS-induced neurotoxicity indicates loss of enteric neurons as a consequence of intestinal inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden.
authors.forename: Marcin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arciszewski
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pierzynowski
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ekblad
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D016923:Cell Death; D002470:Cell Survival; D005260:Female; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D009197:Myenteric Plexus / Q000166:cytology* / Q000473:pathology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D018377:Neurotransmitter Agents