Monoclonal antibody therapy of leukaemias and lymphomas.
Paul Erhlich conceived of antibody-based immunotherapy in the nineteenth century. Rituximab, which is a chimeric monoclonal antibody produced by recombinant technology, became the first monoclonal antibody to be approved for haematological malignancies by the US Food and Drug Administration. Subsequently, radiolabelling technologies have made it possible to chelate radioactive isotopes to monoclonal antibodies, which retain their specificity and take advantage of targeted delivery of localised radiation. Radioimmunoconjugates are an attractive therapeutic option for lymphomas due to the inherent sensitivity to radiotherapy, the fact that the local emission of ionising radiation by radiolabelled antibodies may kill cells with or without the target antigen in close proximity to the bound antibody, and penetrating radiation may obviate the problem of limited antibody penetration into bulky, poorly vascularised tumours. This paper reviews rituximab, alemtuzumab and gemtuzumab ozogamicin as monoclonal antibody therapies for leukaemias and lymphomas.
Jacobs
Samuel A
SA
University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, 5150 Center Avenue, Suite 510, Pittsburgh, PA 15232, USA. jacobssa@upmc.edu
Foon
Kenneth A
KA
D000074323:Alemtuzumab; D000617:Aminoglycosides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000276:immunology; D018951:Antigens, CD20 / Q000276:immunology; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic / Q000276:immunology; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000074301:CD52 Antigen; D000079982:Gemtuzumab; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy; D015458:Leukemia, T-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy; D008224:Lymphoma, Follicular / Q000188:drug therapy; D020522:Lymphoma, Mantle-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D000069283:Rituximab; D063268:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3
D000617:Aminoglycosides; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000912:Antibodies, Neoplasm; D015703:Antigens, CD; D018951:Antigens, CD20; D015214:Antigens, Differentiation, Myelomonocytic; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C571163:CD33 protein, human; D000074301:CD52 Antigen; C000613862:CD52 protein, human; D006023:Glycoproteins; D063268:Sialic Acid Binding Ig-like Lectin 3; D000074323:Alemtuzumab; D000069283:Rituximab; D000079982:Gemtuzumab