title: Ocular findings in Japanese patients with varicella-zoster virus infection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine ocular findings in Japanese patients with varicella, herpes zoster ophthalmicus, and acute retinal necrosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study was conducted. Information on the ocular, cutaneous, systemic, and virologic findings on pediatric and adult patients was obtained from medical records.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 77 (45 male and 32 female) patients were enrolled in the study: 4 children had varicella, 68 adults had herpes zoster ophthalmicus, and 5 adults had acute retinal necrosis. Children with varicella had eruptions on the eyelid. Patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus had eruptions, conjunctivitis, keratitis, iridocyclitis, and other findings. Patients with acute retinal necrosis had intracameral cells and retinal lesions. Some patients with herpes zoster ophthalmicus had malignancy, type 2 diabetes mellitus, or other disease. One pregnant woman developed acute retinal necrosis shortly after varicella infection. A total of 48% of patients with negative Hutchinson sign had ocular lesions, while all patients with positive sign showed ocular lesions. Patients with varicella and herpes zoster ophthalmicus had good visual acuity at the last visit. Some patients with acute retinal necrosis had poor visual acuity at the last visit.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with varicella, herpes zoster ophthalmicus, and acute retinal necrosis had several ocular complications. Some patients with acute retinal necrosis had poor visual outcomes. Ophthalmologists should be aware that acute retinal necrosis may develop shortly after varicella infection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan. ophthal@ms.toyama-mpu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Machi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayasaka
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Shuichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yanagisawa
authors.forename: Yoriko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hayasaka
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Miharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mihara
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002644:Chickenpox / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006563:Herpes Zoster Ophthalmicus / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D014645:Herpesvirus 3, Human / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015882:Retinal Necrosis Syndrome, Acute / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral