title: Frontal lobe alterations in schizophrenia: neuroimaging and neuropsychological findings.
abstract: Functional neuroimaging and neuropsychological performance indicate a prefrontal dysfunction in schizophrenia patients. Frontal morphological brain abnormalities are also evident in these patients, but the relationship between neuropsychology and neuroimaging findings remains unclear. In this study, thirty patients with schizophrenia and 30 control participants were assessed using a neuropsychological test battery sensitive to fronto-striatal system dysfunction. Computed tomography (CT) scans were used to calculate the distance from the corpus callosum to the frontal pole corrected for brain size (anterioposterior length) in the group of patients and in a group of control participants with negative radiological findings. Schizophrenia patients performed significantly worse than controls in all frontal lobe tests. Corrected length from the corpus callosum to the frontal pole was reduced in patients with schizophrenia. This easy-to-perform measurement has not been used in previous studies, and indicates that schizophrenia patients have structural frontal abnormalities. However, correlations between structural and functional measures fail to show a clear relationship between the prefrontal performance and the main CT measures. As a rule, the trend observed in the correlation matrix pointed towards a relationship between CT parameters and a dysfunction on neuropsychological tests sensitive to frontal lobe damage.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Psiquiátrico Provincial, Carretera de Valverde Km. 2., 06800 Mérida (Badajoz), Spain. jcsanz@correo.cop.es
authors.forename: Juan Carlos Sanz
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: de la Torre
authors.forename: Maite
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barrios
authors.forename: Carme
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Junqué
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D017072:Neostriatum / Q000473:pathology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents