title: A sensitive and specific high performance liquid chromatographic assay for milrinone in rat and human plasma using a commercially available internal standard and low sample volume.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop an alternate high performance liquid chromatographic method (HPLC) for the analysis of the positive inotropic agent, milrinone, in rat and human plasma.
  
  
  METHODS
  To plasma samples (0.1 mL), containing milrinone and the commercially available internal standard, amrinone, were added 0.15 mL of water and 0.35 mL of acetonitrile. Tubes were briefly vortex-mixed and centrifuged. The supernatant was transferred to clean tubes and 3 mL of methanol: diethyl ether (5:95) was added. The tubes were vortex mixed, centrifuged, and reconstituted with the mobile phase and injected into the HPLC. Separation was accomplished using a reverse phase chromatography using C18 analytical column, and detection was afforded by monitoring the eluent at an ultraviolet wavelength of 326 nm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Standard curves were highly linear over the range 10 to 10000 ng/mL (r2 >0.99). Recovery ranged from 52-69% over a 40-fold range of plasma concentrations from 50 to 2000 ng/mL. Intra- and inter-day coefficient of variation and mean error in were less than 20% at plasma concentrations ranging from 10 to 1000 ng/mL. The utility of the assay was demonstrated in a pharmacokinetic evaluation of milrinone in two rats given intravenous bolus doses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The developed assay was sensitive, specific and appropriate for monitoring milrinone in rat or human plasma samples.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. dbrocks@pharmacy.ualberta.ca
authors.forename: Dion R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Brocks
authors.forename: Tara J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Spencer
authors.forename: Anooshirvan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shayeganpour
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D020105:Milrinone / Q000097:blood* / Q000592:standards*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D020105:Milrinone