Association of ACE polymorphisms with left ventricular hypertrophy.
The angiotensin converting enzyme gene (ACE) is a candidate gene for an individual's genetic susceptibility to left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH). LVH has long been thought to be an end point of essential hypertension (EH), rather than a separate entity, though it is influenced by a unique set of hormonal, vascular and genetic factors. In this study, we attempted to determine whether two representative polymorphisms of the ACE gene, ACE I/D and 2350 G>A, known to be associated with EH and to influence plasma ACE levels most significantly, could implicate ACE as a quantitative trait locus (QTL) for LVH. We carried out a retrospective, case-control study of the two ACE polymorphisms amongst 180 nationals (50 LVH patients and 130 controls) from the United Arab Emirates--an ethnic group characterized by no alcohol intake and no cigarette smoking--for correlations with LVH. Clinical diagnosis of LVH was based on echocardiographic and ECG criteria. ACE I/D and 2350 G>A genotypes were determined by PCR and restriction digestion. Univariate and multivariate logistic regression analyses revealed an association between ACE polymorphisms and LVH. Haplotype analysis further supported this finding. ACE I/D and ACE 2350 G>A polymorphisms are in strong linkage disequilibrium and are associated with LVH, suggesting that ACE is likely to be a QTL for LVH.
Saeed
Mohammad
M
Department of Biological and Biomedical Sciences, Aga Khan University, Karachi, Pakistan.
Siddiqui
Sammer
S
Khan
Aisha
A
Butt
Zahid A
ZA
Parvez
S Hasan
SH
Frossard
Philippe M
PM
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000235:genetics*; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012189:Retrospective Studies
D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A