title: Identification of molecular markers for metastasis-related genes in primary breast cancer cells.
abstract: Comparing differential gene expression profiles established by cDNA microarray between normal cells (N), primary carcinoma cells (T), and metastatic carcinoma cells (M) may determine those critical genes directly associated with progression and metastasis of breast cancer. Total RNA was extracted by laser microdissection (LMD) from 20 slices of T, N and M from 6 cases. After amplification by a T7-based system, differentially expressed genes between T, N and M were identified by cDNA microarray. In addition, to clarify the mechanism for altered gene expression, we determined the methylation status by sequencing after bisulfite treatment for intriguing genes. As a result, the expression of motility related protein-1 (MRP-1/CD9), peripheral myelin protein-22 (PMP-22), and caspase 3 (CASP-3) were down-regulated in M compared to T. We focused especially on MRP-1 and found that the expression status of MRP-1 was significantly inversely associated with stage of disease in 56 cases of breast cancer (P<0.05), and the relapse free survival in 5 years was significantly higher in MRP-1 positive cases than those negative cases (P<0.05). Conversely, overexpression, by 11-fold, of signal transduction and translation factors were observed in T compared to N. The cancer specific methylation was observed only in CASP-3 in a case. In conclusion, the establishment of the present assay allows us to detect genes directly associated with each cell population within tumor tissue and gives us clues to identify metastasis-related genes comprehensively in clinical breast cancer cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Beppu 874-0838, Japan. mmori@beppu.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Koshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mimori
authors.forename: Akemi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kataoka
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshinaga
authors.forename: Mitsuhiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Yasuaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sagara
authors.forename: Yasuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohno
authors.forename: Graham F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Barnard
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mori
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000235:genetics; D019175:DNA Methylation; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics*; D042282:Microdissection; D009185:Myelin Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D060245:Tetraspanin 29; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C554869:CD9 protein, human; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D009185:Myelin Proteins; C073687:PMP22 protein, human; D060245:Tetraspanin 29; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases