title: Cryoultrasound therapy and tendonitis in athletes: a comparative evaluation versus laser CO2 and t.e.ca.r. therapy.
abstract: Aim of this study is to compare the different kinds of tendonitis in athletes using cryoultrasound therapy, lasertherapy CO2 and t.e.ca.r. therapy (transfert energetic capacitive and resistive). Forty five athletes were selected; they were all affected by severe insertional tendonitis of the Achilles tendon (15 of them), of the patellar tendon (15 of them) and of the epicondylar region (15 of them) during the last two months. They were divided into three groups. The first group underwent a treatment of 12 lasertherapy CO2 sessions, the second group 12 cryoultrasound therapy sessions and the last group 12 t.e.ca.r. therapy sessions. Each patient was registered by an independent observer according to the pain before (initial V.A.S.) and after treatment (final V.A.S.) using the analogic visual range from 0 (lack of pain) to 10 (unbearable pain) and the indicator of efficacy (difference between initial V.A.S. and final V.A.S./initial V.A.S.x 100). The obtained results were expressed as a difference between the two V.A.S. values and as a parameter of effectiveness (value ranging from 0 to 100) in order to correlate the initial condition of the patients with the performed physiotherapic treatment. The obtained V.A.S. score was submitted to statistic evaluation by analysis of variance through repeated measures, taking into consideration a value of p<0.05. Possible differences among the group of patients were shown by analysis of variance through one single way by comparison among groups. Every patient benefited from the treatment. Analyzing the initial and final V.A.S. values in the three groups, statistically significant variations emerged (p<0.05). A meaningful difference resulted among the different kinds of treatment; a marked difference was noticed between laser CO2 and cryoultrasound therapy (p<0.01). No statistically significant differences were observed between t.e.ca.r. and laser CO2 therapy or between t.e.ca.r. and cryoultrasound therapy. It must be admitted that the mean difference between initial and final V.A.S. is higher in the Cryoultrasound group (7.40), than in the Laser group (6.33) compared to t.e.ca.r. group (6.74). This result would explain a higher range of effectiveness in the Cryoultrasound group (85) compared to the laser CO2 (71.9 ) and t.e.ca.r. group (77.3). It can be asserted that cryoultrasound is a useful instrument for the physician working in the sports field. It offers advantages in comparison with laser CO2. It does not show significant differences with t.e.ca.r. therapy, although it shows a better mean range of effectiveness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgical Sciences, University of Parma, Parma, Italy. cosimo.costantino@unipr.it
authors.forename: Cosimo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Costantino
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pogliacomi
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vaienti
mesh_terms: D000125:Achilles Tendon; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001490:Basketball; D017679:Cryotherapy / Q000295:instrumentation; D005260:Female; D005538:Football; D006801:Humans; D006979:Hyperthermia, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D053685:Laser Therapy; D008297:Male; D010147:Pain Measurement; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D013177:Sports; D013178:Sports Medicine; D052256:Tendinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D013710:Tendons; D013997:Time Factors; D014464:Ultrasonic Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation