title: Effective local control of prostate cancer by intratumoral injection of (166)Ho-chitosan complex (DW-166HC) in rats.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the therapeutic effect and morphological alterations resulting from (166)Ho-chitosan complex (DW-166HC) in an animal model of prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  First, in a subcutaneous tumor model, 80 rats were randomly divided into four groups (n=20 in each group), and intratumoral injections of 0.05 ml (normal saline in group 1,( 165)Ho-chitosan complex solution in group 2, DW-166HC solution (10 mCi) in group 3, and DW-166HC solution (20 mCi) in group 4) were performed when the tumor measured approximately 1 cm along its long axis in each group. Further, in an orthotopic tumor model, 40 rats were similarly randomly divided into four groups (n=10 in each group), and intraprostatic injections of 0.05 ml [PBS in group 1,( 165)Ho-chitosan complex solution in group 2, DW-166HC solution (0.5 mCi) in group 3 and DW-166HC solution (1 mCi) in group 4] were performed at 1 week after implantation of the AIT cell line in the ventral prostate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the subcutaneous tumor model, mean tumor weights of groups 3 and 4 were significantly lower than those of groups 1 and 2 at 2 and 4 weeks post injection (p<0.05). At 2 and 4 weeks after injection in the orthotopic tumor model, the mean weights of the prostate, including tumor, in groups 3 and 4 were also significantly lower than those in groups 1 and 2 (p<0.05). No adverse injury was seen in adjacent organs at histopathologic examination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intratumoral injection of the beta-emitting radionuclide (166)Ho as a form of complex solution with chitosan appears to be a promising alternative therapeutic modality for the local control of prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Seoul National University College of Medicine and Clinical Research Institute, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Cheol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kwak
authors.forename: Sung Kyu
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Seung Kyoo
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Seong
authors.forename: Jei Man
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Moon Soo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sang Eun
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000528:radiation effects; D002686:Chitin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D006695:Holmium / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D015552:Injections, Intralesional / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D051381:Rats; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: C116411:DW 166HC; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D011868:Radioisotopes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D002686:Chitin; D006695:Holmium