title: Comparison of (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate elicited liver and small intestine gene expression profiles between C57BL/6J mice and C57BL/6J/Nrf2 (-/-) mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was conducted to study global gene expression profiles elicited by (-)-epigallocatechin-3-gallate (EGCG) in mouse liver and small intestine, as well as to identify EGCG-regulated Nrf2-dependent genes.
  
  
  METHODS
  C57BL/6J and C57BL/6J/Nrf2(-/-) mice were given an oral dose of EGCG at 200 mg/kg or treated with vehicle. Both liver and small intestine were collected 3 h and 12 h after treatment. Total RNA was extracted from the tissues and gene expression profiles were analyzed using Affymetrix mouse genome 430 2.0 array and GeneSpring 6.1 software. Microarray data were validated using quantitative real-time reverse transcription-PCR chain reaction analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genes that were either induced or suppressed more than two fold by EGCG treatment compared with vehicle treatment in the same genotype group were filtered using the GeneSpring software. Among these well-defined genes, 671 EGCG-regulated Nrf2-dependent genes and 256 EGCG-regulated Nrf2-independent genes were identified in liver, whereas 228 EGCG-regulated Nrf2-dependent genes and 98 EGCG-regulated Nrf2-independent genes were identified in the small intestine. Based on their biological functions, these genes mainly fall into the category of ubiquitination and proteolysis, electron transport, detoxification, transport, cell growth and apoptosis, cell adhesion, kinase and phosphatases, and transcription factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Genes expressed in mouse liver are more responsive to oral treatment of EGCG than those expressed in small intestine. EGCG could regulate many genes in both organs in an Nrf2-dependent manner. The identification of genes related to detoxification, transport, cell growth and apoptosis, cell adhesion, kinase, and transcription regulated by EGCG not only provide potential novel insight into the effect of EGCG on global gene expression and chemopreventive effects, but also point to the potential role of Nrf2 in these processes.
authors.affiliation: Graduate Program in Pharmaceutical Science, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
authors.forename: Guoxiang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Changjiang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Mohit R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Sujit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nair
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chung S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Jefferson Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: A-N Tony
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Kong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002392:Catechin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000502:physiology*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; C495636:Nfe2l2 protein, mouse; D002392:Catechin; C045651:epigallocatechin gallate