title: Protease inhibitor use in 233 pregnancies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the United States, as most highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) regimens used during pregnancy in HIV-infected women include a protease inhibitor (PI), it is important to determine the effects of PIs specifically rather than all HAART regimens. Prospective trials employing HAART during pregnancy are ongoing.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To better understand the effects of PI use during pregnancy on prematurity, maternal and infant adverse events, and infant outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 233 pregnancies in which PIs were used were reported, including 5 sets of twins and 1 set of triplets. Perinatal transmission is documented in 2 of 221 infants for a rate of 0.9% (95% CI, 0%-2.2%). Both HIV-positive infants were delivered by cesarean section (one elective at 37 1/7 weeks and one unscheduled at 32 6/7 weeks). The prematurity rate (<37 weeks' gestation) was 22.0% (95% CI, 16.9%-28.0%) including 3 twin and 1 triplet pregnancies. In multiple regression analysis no association was noted for individual PIs or the week of gestation that PIs were initiated. Adverse maternal, obstetric, and infant events possibly related to PIs were uncommon.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this series, PIs during pregnancy appeared generally safe for mothers and infants. Perinatal transmission was low and the prematurity rate is similar to prior data in HIV-positive women not on PIs.
authors.affiliation: Community Research Initiative of New England, Springfield, MA 01107, USA. amorris@crine.org
authors.forename: Anne B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: Ana Rua
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Dobles
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cu-Uvin
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zorrilla
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Joseph I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Harwell
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garb
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D002585:Cesarean Section; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006678:HIV / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D047928:Premature Birth; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014310:Triplets; D014427:Twins; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D011480:Protease Inhibitors