beta-Aminobutyric acid-induced resistance against downy mildew in grapevine acts through the potentiation of callose formation and jasmonic acid signaling.
beta-Aminobutyric acid (BABA) was used to induce resistance in grapevine (Vitis vinifera) against downy mildew (Plasmopara viticola). This led to a strong reduction of mycelial growth and sporulation in the susceptible cv. Chasselas. Comparing different inducers, the best protection was achieved with BABA followed by jasmonic acid (JA), whereas benzo (1,2,3)-thiadiazole-7-carbothionic acid-S-methyl ester (a salicylic acid [SA] analog) and abscisic acid (ABA) treatment did not increase the resistance significantly. Marker genes for the SA and JA pathways showed potentiated expression patterns in BABA-treated plants following infection. The callose synthesis inhibitor 2-deoxy-D-glucose partially suppressed BABA- and JA-induced resistance against P viticola in Chasselas. Application of the phenylalanine ammonia lyase inhibitor 2-aminoindan-2-phosphonic acid and the lipoxygenase (LOX) inhibitor 5, 8, 11, 14-eicosatetraynoic acid (ETYA) also led to a reduction of BABA-induced resistance (BABA-IR), suggesting that callose deposition as well as defense mechanisms depending on phenylpropanoids and the JA pathways all contribute to BABA-IR. The similar phenotype of BABA- and JA-induced resistance, the potentiated expression pattern of JA-regulated genes (LOX-9 and PR-4) following BABA treatment, and the suppression of BABA-IR with ETYA suggest an involvement of the JA pathway in BABA-IR of grapevine leading to a primed deposition of callose and lignin around the infection sites.
Hamiduzzaman
Mollah Md
MM
University of Neuchâtel, Institute of Botany, Department of Biochemistry, Rue Emile-Argand 11, Case Postale 2, CH-2007 Neuchâtel, Switzerland.
Jakab
Gabor
G
Barnavon
Laurent
L
Neuhaus
Jean-Marc
JM
Mauch-Mani
Brigitte
B
D015117:5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000613:Aminobutyrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism*; D005658:Fungi / Q000502:physiology*; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D005936:Glucans / Q000378:metabolism*; D007189:Indans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000494:pharmacology; D054883:Oxylipins; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000494:pharmacology; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000187:drug effects / Q000382:microbiology; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013400:Sugar Acids / Q000494:pharmacology; D013830:Thiadiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D027843:Vitis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology*
C411146:2-aminoindan-2-phosphonic acid; C413571:2-dehydro-3-deoxygalactaric acid; D000613:Aminobutyrates; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D005936:Glucans; D007189:Indans; D063065:Organophosphonates; D054883:Oxylipins; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D013400:Sugar Acids; D013830:Thiadiazoles; D015117:5,8,11,14-Eicosatetraynoic Acid; C047667:3-aminobutyric acid; C011006:jasmonic acid; D000040:Abscisic Acid; C048306:callose; C099403:S-methyl benzo(1,2,3)thiadiazole-7-carbothioate; D020156:Salicylic Acid