title: Leakage of cardiac troponin I in aortic valve stenosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Degeneration and death of cardiomyocytes contribute to the genesis of heart failure (HF) in aortic valve stenosis (AS). We studied whether the ongoing myocyte damage in AS can be detected from circulating cardiac troponin I (cTnI) concentrations.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional cohort study in a university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined 131 adult patients undergoing echocardiography and cardiac catheterization for isolated AS. Blood was sampled from the aortic root and, in a subset of 49 patients, also from the coronary sinus for the determination of cTnI using a sensitive immunoanalysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-three patients (56%) had detectable aortic cTnI (> or =5 ng L(-1)) with 30 of them (23% of the total group) having cTnI above the reference limit in healthy subjects (>14 ng L(-1)). Patients with detectable cTnI had a higher prevalence of HF than those with undetectable cTnI (42% vs. 19%, P = 0.004). Plasma cTnI rose from the aorta to the coronary sinus by > or =5 ng L(-1) in 13 of 49 patients with AS (27%) versus in none of 12 control patients free of structural heart disease (P = 0.044). AS patients with transcardiac cTnI gradients > or =5 ng L(-1) had lower left ventricular (LV) ejection fractions than AS patients with gradients <5 ng L(-1) (mean +/- SD, 52 +/- 14% vs. 61 +/- 11%; P = 0.011).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Detectable circulating cTnI is not uncommon in AS and shows a moderate association with the presence of HF. Leakage of cTnI into the coronary sinus associates with impairment of LV systolic function. Monitoring cTnI could provide a means to expose incipient clinical deterioration in AS.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. markku.kupari@hus.fi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kupari
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eriksson
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Turto
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lommi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Pettersson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001024:Aortic Valve Stenosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D006328:Cardiac Catheterization; D016923:Cell Death; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000473:pathology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D019210:Troponin I / Q000097:blood*; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019210:Troponin I