title: Prolonged injection time and light smoking decrease the incidence of fentanyl-induced cough.
abstract: We designed this study to evaluate the effect of injection time and smoking on fentanyl-induced cough. Four-hundred-fifty ASA class I-II patients, aged 18-80 yr and weighing 40-90 kg, scheduled for elective surgery were included. All patients received fentanyl (100 microg for patients weighing 40-69 kg and 150 microg for patients weighing 70-90 kg for clinical convenience) via the proximal port of a peripheral IV line on the forearm. Patients were randomly assigned to 3 groups of 150 patients each. Patients in Group I received fentanyl injection over 2 s, whereas for patients in Groups II and III the fentanyl was injected at a constant rate over 15 s and 30 s, respectively. We recorded the number of coughs of each patient during and 30 s after fentanyl injection. The incidence of cough was 18% in group I, 8% in Group II, and 1.3% in Group III, significantly less (P < 0.05) with a longer injection time. Current smokers had a less frequent incidence of cough than nonsmokers; however, this effect was only significant in light smokers (<10 cigarettes per day or <10 smoking years or <10 pack-years). In conclusion, a longer injection time reduces the incidence of fentanyl-induced cough, and light smoking may be a protective factor against fentanyl-induced cough.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Tri-Service General Hospital and National Defense Medical Center, National Defense University, Taipei, Taiwan, Republic of China.
authors.forename: Jui-An
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chun-Chang
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Yeh
authors.forename: Meei-Shyuan
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ching-Tang
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Shinn-Long
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chih-Shung
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000771:Anesthesia, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003371:Cough / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005283:Fentanyl / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012907:Smoking / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D005283:Fentanyl