title: Trace analysis of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins, dibenzofurans and WHO polychlorinated biphenyls in food using comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with electron-capture detection.
abstract: Trace analysis of 2,3,7,8-polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins (PCDDs), dibenzofurans (PCDFs) and the 12 WHO-PCBs (four non-ortho and eight mono-ortho congeners that have been assigned toxic equivalence factors, TEFs, by the World Health Organisation) was conducted by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography with a micro electron-capture detector (GC x GC-microECD). Four food matrices (fish oil from herring, spiked cows' milk, vegetable oil and an eel extract) were analysed by two GC x GC laboratories, and four GC-HRMS laboratories generated reference values. The two GC x GC laboratories used different column combinations for separating the target analytes. For the first dimension, non-polar DB-XLB and VF-1 columns were used, and for the second dimension, an LC-50 liquid crystalline column with unique selectivity for planar compounds. The congener-specific and total toxic equivalence (TEQ) data obtained using DB-XLB x LC-50 were in good agreement with results obtained by the GC-HRMS laboratories. The WHO-PCB data obtained with the VF-1 x LC-50 combination was also good, but the PCDD/F concentrations were sometimes overestimated due to matrix interferences. GC x GC-microECD using DB-XLB x LC-50 seems to fulfil the European Community requirements of a screening method for PCDD/F and WHO-PCB TEQ in food.
authors.affiliation: Environmental Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Institute of Environmental Chemistry, Umeå University, SE-90187 Umeå, Sweden. conny.danielsson@chem.umu.se
authors.forename: Conny
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Danielsson
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wiberg
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Korytár
authors.forename: Sture
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bergek
authors.forename: Udo A Th
authors.initials: UA
authors.lastname: Brinkman
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Haglund
mesh_terms: D001572:Benzofurans / Q000032:analysis*; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods*; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000032:analysis*; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D014944:World Health Organization
chemical_list: D001572:Benzofurans; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls