title: Is type 1 diabetes a disease of the gut immune system triggered by cow's milk insulin?
abstract: The role of the gut immune system in the development of autoimmune type 1 diabetes is evaluated in this review with special emphasis in the hypothesis suggesting that dietary cow's milk insulin could trigger beta-cell autoimmunity when the mechanisms of oral tolerance are disturbed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Linköping, 58185, Sweden.
authors.forename: Outi
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Vaarala
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology; D002417:Cattle; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology; D004064:Digestive System / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007225:Infant Food; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D008894:Milk Proteins