title: Responses of cerebral GABA-containing CBM neuron to taste stimulation with seaweed extracts in Aplysia kurodai.
abstract: Aplysia kurodai distributed along Japan feeds well on Ulva pertusa but rejects Gelidium amansii with distinctive patterned movements of the jaws and radula. On the ventral side of the cerebral M cluster, four cell bodies of higher order neurons that send axons to the buccal ganglia are distributed (CBM neurons). We have previously shown that the dopaminergic CBM1 modulates basic feeding circuits in the buccal ganglia for rejection by firing at higher frequency after application of the aversive taste of seaweed such as Gelidium amansii. In the present experiments immunohistochemical techniques showed that the CBM3 exhibited gamma-aminobutyric acid (GABA)-like immunoreactivity. The CBM3 may be equivalent to the CBI-3 involved in changing the motor programs from rejection to ingestion in Aplysia californica. The responses of the CBM3 to taste stimulation of the lips with seaweed extracts were investigated by the use of calcium imaging. The calcium-sensitive dye, Calcium Green-1, was iontophoretically introduced into a cell body of the CBM3 using a microelectrode. Application of Ulva pertusa or Gelidium amansii extract induced different changes in fluorescence in the CBM3 cell body, indicating that taste of Ulva pertusa initially induced longer-lasting continuous spike responses at slightly higher frequency compared with that of Gelidium amansii. Considering a role of the CBM3 in the pattern selection, these results suggest that elongation of the initial firing response may be a major factor for the CBM3 to switch the buccal motor programs from rejection to ingestion after application of different tastes of seaweeds in Aplysia kurodai.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science, Graduate School of Science & Technology, Kobe University, Kobe 657-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Narusuye
authors.forename: Aiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kinugawa
authors.forename: Tatsumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nagahama
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies; D001048:Aplysia / Q000502:physiology*; D001362:Avoidance Learning; D002118:Calcium / Q000502:physiology; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005247:Feeding Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D005518:Food Preferences / Q000502:physiology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000502:physiology*; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012624:Seaweed; D013649:Taste / Q000502:physiology*; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000906:Antibodies; D010936:Plant Extracts; D005680:gamma-Aminobutyric Acid; D002118:Calcium