title: Pressure support ventilation with the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway. A comparison of sevoflurane, isoflurane and propofol.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There are no data about the influence of anaesthetics on cardiovascular variables during pressure support ventilation of the lungs through the laryngeal mask airway. We compared propofol, sevoflurane and isoflurane for maintenance of anaesthesia with the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway during pressure support ventilation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty healthy adults undergoing peripheral musculo-skeletal surgery were randomized for maintenance with sevoflurane end-tidal 2%, isoflurane end-tidal 1.1% or propofol 6 mg kg(-1) h(-1) in oxygen 33% and air. Pressure support ventilation comprised positive end-expiratory pressure set at 5 cmH2O, and pressure support set 5 cmH2O above positive end-expiratory pressure. Pressure support was initiated when inspiration produced a 2 cmH2O reduction in airway pressure. A blinded observer recorded cardiorespiratory variables (heart rate, mean blood pressure, oxygen saturation, airway occlusion pressure, respiratory rate, expired tidal volume, expired minute volume and end-tidal CO2), adverse events and emergence times.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Respiratory rate and minute volume were 10-21% lower, and end-tidal CO2 6-11% higher with the propofol group compared with the sevoflurane or isoflurane groups, but otherwise cardiorespiratory variables were similar among groups. No adverse events occurred in any group. Emergence times were longer with the propofol group compared with the sevoflurane or isoflurane groups (10 vs. 7 vs. 7 min).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lung ventilation is less effective and emergence times are longer with propofol than sevoflurane or isoflurane for maintenance of anaesthesia during pressure support ventilation with the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway. However, these differences are small and of doubtful clinical importance.
authors.affiliation: Leopold-Franzens University, Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care Medicine, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brimacombe
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hoermann
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Loeckinger
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kleinsasser
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000768:Anesthesia, General; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007530:Isoflurane; D017214:Laryngeal Masks; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D008875:Middle Aged; D009141:Musculoskeletal System / Q000601:surgery; D015742:Propofol; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D015656:Respiratory Mechanics / Q000187:drug effects; D000077149:Sevoflurane
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D007530:Isoflurane; D015742:Propofol