title: Characterisation of middle-distillates by comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC x GC): A powerful alternative for performing various standard analysis of middle-distillates.
abstract: The detailed characterisation of middle distillates is essential for a better understanding of reactions involved in refining process. Owing to higher resolution power and enhanced sensitivity, comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC x GC) is a powerful tool for improving characterisation of petroleum samples. The aim of this paper is to compare GC x GC and various ASTM methods -- gas chromatography (GC), liquid chromatography (LC) and mass spectrometry (MS) -- for group type separation and detailed hydrocarbon analysis. Best features of GC x GC are demonstrated and compared to these techniques in terms of cost, time consumption and accuracy. In particular, a new approach of simulated distillation (SimDis-GC x GC) is proposed: compared to the standard method ASTM D2887 it gives unequal information for better understanding of conversion process.
authors.affiliation: Institut Français du Pétrole, BP3, 69390 Vernaison, France.
authors.forename: Colombe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vendeuvre
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ruiz-Guerrero
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bertoncini
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Duval
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Thiébaut
authors.forename: Marie-Claire
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Hennion
mesh_terms: D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods