title: Chance-type fractures of the axis.
abstract: METHODS
  A retrospective study was performed to identify horizontal fractures of the body of the axis, with special attention to their pattern, prevalence, and clinical outcome.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The prevalence of this type of injury and the long-term clinical behavior are examined.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Although isolated cases have been reported, horizontal Chance-type fractures of the body of the axis are not common cervical spine injuries.
  
  
  METHODS
  The medical records of 674 consecutive patients with fractures of the cervical spine admitted to the authors' institute from 1970 to 2002 were reviewed. Of them, 2 (0.3%) had a horizontal Chance-type fracture of the body of the axis. Neurologic deficits were not diagnosed at admission. Mechanism of injury, treatment, and long-term follow-up were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both patients were treated nonoperatively. At the latest follow-up, 3 and 12 years, respectively, both patients had a satisfactory clinical outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Horizontal fractures of the Chance-type of the body of the axis are rare. Conservative treatment proved to be effective.
authors.affiliation: First Orthopaedic Department, Athens University, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Demetrios S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Korres
authors.forename: Panayiotis J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Papagelopoulos
authors.forename: Andreas F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Mavrogenis
authors.forename: Ioannis S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Benetos
authors.forename: Petros
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kyriazopoulos
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Psycharis
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001368:Axis, Cervical Vertebra / Q000293:injuries*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001915:Braces; D005260:Female; D017102:Fracture Healing; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016103:Spinal Fractures / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014143:Traction; D016896:Treatment Outcome