Role of 14-3-3 proteins in eukaryotic signaling and development.
14-3-3 genes encode a ubiquitous family of highly conserved eukaryotic proteins from fungi to humans and plants with several molecular and cellular functions. Most notably, 14-3-3 proteins bind to phosphoserine/phosphothreonine motifs in a sequence-specific manner. More than 100 14-3-3 binding partners involved in signal transduction, cell cycle regulation, apoptosis, stress responses, and malignant transformation have been identified. The 14-3-3 proteins form homodimers and heterodimers, and there is redundancy of the binding specificity and function of different 14-3-3 proteins because of their highly similar amino acid sequence and tertiary structure. 14-3-3 proteins can regulate target protein function by several mechanisms. Although the molecular and cellular functions of 14-3-3 proteins have been well studied, there have been fewer studies addressing the in vivo role of 14-3-3s. Here we review what is known about 14-3-3 proteins during eukaryotic development.
Darling
Dawn L
DL
Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Diego, La Jolla, California 92093, USA.
Yingling
Jessica
J
Wynshaw-Boris
Anthony
A
D048948:14-3-3 Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle; D004330:Drosophila / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells; D018525:Germination; D006801:Humans; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D051379:Mice; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D063245:Plant Development; D010944:Plants / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014981:Xenopus / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D015003:Yeasts / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism
D048948:14-3-3 Proteins