title: Amygdalin inhibits genes related to cell cycle in SNU-C4 human colon cancer cells.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The genes were divided into seven categories according to biological function; apoptosis-related, immune response-related, signal transduction-related, cell cycle-related, cell growth-related, stress response-related and transcription-related genes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared the gene expression profiles of SNU-C4 cells between amygdalin-treated (5 mg/mL, 24 h) and non-treated groups using cDNA microarray analysis. We selected genes downregulated in cDNA microarray and investigated mRNA levels of the genes by RT-PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Microarray showed that amygdalin downregulated especially genes belonging to cell cycle category: exonuclease 1 (EXO1), ATP-binding cassette, sub-family F, member 2 (ABCF2), MRE11 meiotic recombination 11 homolog A (MRE11A), topoisomerase (DNA) I (TOP1), and FK506 binding protein 12-rapamycin-associated protein 1 (FRAP1). RT-PCR analysis revealed that mRNA levels of these genes were also decreased by amygdalin treatment in SNU-C4 human colon cancer cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that amygdalin have an anticancer effect via downregulation of cell cycle-related genes in SNU-C4 human colon cancer cells, and might be used for therapeutic anticancer drug.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Kohwang Medical Research Institute, College of Pharmacy, Kyung Hee University, Seoul 130-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hae-Jeong
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Seo-Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Long-Shan
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Long-Tai
authors.initials: LT
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Kyung-Hee
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Yoon-Kyung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Uhm
authors.forename: Je-Hyun
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ji-Seon
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Woo-Sang
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Joo
authors.forename: Sung-Vin
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Yim
authors.forename: Joo-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Seon-Pyo
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Hong
mesh_terms: D000678:Amygdalin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000235:genetics*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D000678:Amygdalin