title: Mental health of lesbian, gay, bisexual, and heterosexual siblings: effects of gender, sexual orientation, and family.
abstract: Self-identified lesbian, gay male, and bisexual (LGB) individuals were recruited via convenience sampling, and they in turn recruited their siblings (79% heterosexual, 19% LGB). The resulting sample of 533 heterosexual, 558 lesbian or gay male, and 163 bisexual participants was compared on mental health variables and their use of mental health services. Multilevel modeling analyses revealed that sexual orientation predicted suicidal ideation, suicide attempts, self-injurious behavior, use of psychotherapy, and use of psychiatric medications over and above the effects of family adjustment. Sexual orientation was unrelated to current psychological distress, psychiatric hospitalizations, and self-esteem. This is the 1st study to model family effects on the mental health of LGB participants and their siblings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA. kbalsam@u.washington.edu
authors.forename: Kimberly F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Balsam
authors.forename: Theodore P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Beauchaine
authors.forename: Ruth M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Mickey
authors.forename: Esther D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Rothblum
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001727:Bisexuality / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D018452:Homosexuality, Female / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D018451:Homosexuality, Male / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012016:Reference Values; D012306:Risk; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D035781:Siblings / Q000523:psychology*; D014600:Utilization Review / Q000706:statistics & numerical data