title: Needle-knife assisted ERCP.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  During endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP), incising through the wall of the major papilla with an electrocautery needle-knife is a method for achieving access into the bile duct. This procedure, often referred to as a "precut," may be used when cannulation attempts via the orifice of the papilla are unsuccessful. Potential complications include hemorrhage, duodenal perforation, and acute pancreatitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The 172 patients who underwent an attempt of a needle-knife assisted ERCP during the years 1997-2003 at our institution were retrospectively evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A selective bile duct cannulation was achieved after needle-knife incision in 148 out of 172 patients (86%) at the primary session. In 10 additional patients (6%), a repeated procedure proved successful for cannulation. In the remaining 14 patients (8%), the biliary cannulation failed and was not attempted again. Complications after needle-knife assisted ERCP occurred as follows: three patients (2%) presented with late bleeding after the ERCP and three patients (2%) developed acute pancreatitis. None of the patients required operative treatment for complications. There was no mortality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of the needle-knife markedly improves the success rate of selective biliary cannulation in ERCP without increasing the rate of complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Turku, PB 52, Turku, FIN-20521, Finland. risto.gullichsen@tyks.fi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gullichsen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lavonius
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Laine
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Grönroos
mesh_terms: D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D009339:Needles; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies