title: All-trans retinoic acid regulates CXCL16/SR-PSOX expression.
abstract: Several studies have shown the ability of retinoids to modulate inflammatory response. CXCL16/SR-PSOX is a novel protein functioning as a chemokine and a scavenger receptor. We investigated effects of all-trans retinoic acid (atRA) on CXCL16/SR-PSOX expression in several cell types. Real-time PCR showed that atRA increased CXCL16/SR-PSOX mRNA expression in THP-1 and endothelial cells, which corresponded to increased release of CXCL16 protein from the cells, measured by ELISA. In THP-1 cells this effect was reduced by retinoic acid receptor (RAR) antagonist, which indicates receptor-mediated inhibition. RAR-alpha and RAR-gamma agonists increased CXCL16 release, which suggests RAR-mediated effect of atRA, which is not selective for a particular RAR subtype. In smooth muscle cells, up-regulation of CXCL16 mRNA was observed only after 96 h of treatment, while protein expression did not change. These findings suggest that retinoid signaling might be a pathway modulating inflammatory response by regulating CXCL16 expression in a cell-specific manner.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biomedicine, Department of Caring Sciences, University of Orebro, Orebro SE-701 82, Sweden.
authors.forename: Dick
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wågsäter
authors.forename: Yuri
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sheikine
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sirsjö
mesh_terms: D002460:Cell Line; D000075743:Chemokine CXCL16; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned / Q000737:chemistry; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D051116:Receptors, Scavenger / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012176:Retinoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013997:Time Factors; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: C445667:CD 666; C423727:CXCL16 protein, human; D000075743:Chemokine CXCL16; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D051116:Receptors, Scavenger; D012176:Retinoids; D014212:Tretinoin