title: Effect of potassium salts in rats adapted to an acidogenic high-sulfur amino acid diet.
abstract: Low-grade metabolic acidosis, consecutive to excessive catabolism of sulfur amino acids and a high dietary Na:K ratio, is a common feature of Western food habits. This metabolic alteration may exert various adverse physiological effects, especially on bone, muscle and kidneys. To assess the actual effects of various K salts, a model of the Westernised diet has been developed in rats: slight protein excess (20 % casein); cations provided as non-alkalinising salts; high Na:K ratio. This diet resulted in acidic urine (pH 5.5) together with a high rate of divalent cation excretion in urine, especially Mg. Compared with controls, K supplementation as KCl accentuated Ca excretion, whereas potassium bicarbonate or malate reduced Mg and Ca excretion and alkalinised urine pH (up to 8). In parallel, citraturia was strongly increased, together with 2-ketoglutarate excretion, by potassium bicarbonate or malate in the diet. Basal sulfate excretion, in the range of 1 mmol/d, was slightly enhanced in rats fed the potassium malate diet. The present model of low-grade metabolic acidosis indicates that potassium malate may be as effective as KHCO3 to counteract urine acidification, to limit divalent cation excretion and to ensure high citrate concentration in urine.
authors.affiliation: Unité des Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments, INRA de Clermont-Ferrand/Theix and CRNH d'Auvergne, 63122 St-Genès-Champanelle, France.
authors.forename: Houda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sabboh
authors.forename: Marie-Noëlle
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Horcajada
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Coxam
authors.forename: Jean-Claude
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Tressol
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Besson
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rémésy
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Demigné
mesh_terms: D000138:Acidosis / Q000378:metabolism; D000603:Amino Acids, Sulfur / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D000641:Ammonia / Q000652:urine; D000818:Animals; D001639:Bicarbonates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000652:urine; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D004032:Diet / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D019587:Dietary Supplements / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004435:Eating / Q000502:physiology; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D008293:Malates / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D011188:Potassium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000652:urine; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000652:urine; D017680:Potassium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000652:urine; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012964:Sodium / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine; D013431:Sulfates / Q000652:urine; D014554:Urination / Q000502:physiology; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000603:Amino Acids, Sulfur; D001639:Bicarbonates; D008293:Malates; D017680:Potassium Compounds; D013431:Sulfates; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D000641:Ammonia; C030298:malic acid; D012964:Sodium; C026329:potassium bicarbonate; D008274:Magnesium; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium