Genetic variations and haplotypes of CYP2C19 in a Japanese population.
Forty-eight single nucleotide variations, including 27 novel ones, were found in the 5'- regulatory region, all of the exons and their surrounding introns of CYP2C19 in 253 Japanese subjects (134 diabetic patients and 119 healthy volunteers). Identified novel variations were as follows: -2772G>A, 2767_-2760delGGTGAACA, -2720T>C, -2547delG, -2545G>T, -2545_-2544 delGC, and -2040C>T in the enhancer region; -778C>T, -777G>A, -529G>C, -189C>A, and -185A>G in the promoter region; 151A>G (S51G), 481G>C (A161P), 986G>A (R329H), 1078G>A (D360N), and 1119C>T (D373D) in the exons, and IVS1+128T>A, IVS3+163G>A, IVS4+271A>G, IVS5-49A>G, IVS6-210C>T, IVS6-196T>A, IVS6-32T>A, IVS7+84G>A, IVS7-174C>T, and IVS8+64C>T in the introns. Since we found no significant differences in the variation frequencies between healthy volunteers and diabetic patients, the data for all subjects were treated as one group in further analysis. The allele frequencies were 0.265 for IVS6-196T>A, 0.045 for -2772G>A and -2720T>C, 0.024 for -2040C>T, 0.014 for IVS7-174C>T, 0.010 for -529G>C, 0.006 for IVS1+128T>A and 481G>C (A161P), 0.004 for -2767_-2760delGGTGAACA and IVS6-210C>T, and 0.002 for the other 17 variations. In addition, the two known nonsynonymous single nucleotide polymorphisms, 681G>A (splicing defect, (*)2 allele) and 636G>A (W212X; (*)3 allele) were detected at 0.267 and 0.128 frequencies, respectively. No variation was detected in the known binding sites for constitutive androstane receptor and glucocorticoid receptor. Linkage disequilibrium analysis showed several close linkages of variations throughout the gene. By using the variations, thirty-one haplotypes of CYP2C19 and their frequencies were estimated. Our results would provide fundamental and useful information for genotyping CYP2C19 in the Japanese and probably other Asian populations.
Fukushima-Uesaka
Hiromi
H
Project Team for Pharmacogenetics, National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyko, Japan.
Saito
Yoshiro
Y
Maekawa
Keiko
K
Ozawa
Shogo
S
Hasegawa
Ryuichi
R
Kajio
Hiroshi
H
Kuzuya
Nobuaki
N
Yasuda
Kazuki
K
Kawamoto
Manabu
M
Kamatani
Naoyuki
N
Suzuki
Kazuko
K
Yanagawa
Tatsuo
T
Tohkin
Masahiro
M
Sawada
Jun-Ichi
J
D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases / Q000235:genetics*; D044466:Asian People; D065731:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19; D005787:Gene Frequency; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; D001189:Aryl Hydrocarbon Hydroxylases; C045793:CYP2C19 protein, human; D065731:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2C19