title: Laboratory selection for and characteristics of pyrethroid resistance in the malaria vector Anopheles funestus.
abstract: A laboratory colony of Anopheles funestus Giles (Diptera: Culicidae) was established in 2000 from material collected from southern Mozambique where pyrethroid resistance had been demonstrated in the wild population. A subsample of the colony was selected for pyrethroid resistance using 0.1% lambda-cyhalothrin. Bioassay susceptibility tests in subsequent generations F(2) to F(4) showed increased resistance with each successive generation. Survival of individual mosquitoes fed only on 10% sugar solution, increased with age up to 4 days, but by day 10 had decreased significantly. However, females that had been mated and given bloodmeals showed no such increase in mortality with age. Biochemical analysis of resistant and susceptible individuals showed increased monooxygenase and glutathione S-transferase activity but no significant correlation with age of the mosquitoes.
authors.affiliation: Vector Control Reference Unit, National Institute for Communicable Diseases, Sandringham 2131, South Africa.
authors.forename: R H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Hunt
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Brooke
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pillay
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Koekemoer
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Coetzee
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000235:genetics*; D007305:Insecticide Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D007306:Insecticides; D008288:Malaria / Q000635:transmission; D008297:Male; D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; D012641:Selection, Genetic
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; C037304:cyhalothrin