Controlled intracellular localization and enhanced antisense effect of oligonucleotides by chemical conjugation.
Oligonucleotides can be covalently linked to peptides composed of any sequence of amino acids by solid phase fragment condensation. The peptides incorporated into the conjugates include nuclear localizing signals (NLS), nuclear export signals (NES), membrane fusion domain of some viral proteins and some designed peptides with amphipathic character. Evaluation of biological properties of DNA-peptide conjugates indicated that (a) the conjugates could bind to target RNA and dsDNA with increased affinity, (b) the conjugates were more resistant to cellular nuclease degradation, (c) the conjugate-RNA hybrids could activate RNase H as effectively as native oligonucleotides, (d) the conjugates with fusion peptides showed largely enhanced cellular uptake, (e) the conjugates with NLS could be predominantly delivered into the cell nucleus, (f) the conjugates with NES could be localized in the cytoplasm. As a result, antisense oligonucleotides conjugated with NLS could inhibit human telomerase in human leukemia cells much more strongly than phosphorothioate oligonucleotides.
Kubo
Takanori
T
On-site Sensing and Diagnosis Research Laboratory, National Institute for Advanced Industrial Science and Technology (AIST) Kyushu, 807-1 Shuku-machi, Tosu, Saga 841-0052, Japan.
Zhelev
Zhivko
Z
Bakalova
Rumiana
R
Rumiana
Bakalova
B
Ohba
Hideki
H
Doi
Keiko
K
Fujii
Masayuki
M
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D019098:Telomerase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
D016376:Oligonucleotides, Antisense; D004247:DNA; D019098:Telomerase