title: Nerve stimulator-guided paravertebral blockade combined with sevoflurane sedation versus general anesthesia with systemic analgesia for postherniorrhaphy pain relief in children: a prospective randomized trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Improvement of the duration of postoperative analgesia is desirable in children undergoing inguinal hernia repair.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty children aged 5-12 yr were prospectively randomized to receive either paravertebral nerve blockade or general anesthesia (sevoflurane-fentanyl-nitrous oxide-oxygen) combined with standardized postoperative systemic analgesia, both combined with light sevoflurane anesthesia, for inguinal hernia repair.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean pain scores were significantly lower in paravertebral nerve blockade patients compared with patients treated with systemic analgesia during the entire 48-h observational period (P < 0.05). Analgesic consumption was significantly higher in the systemic analgesia group (88%) compared with the paravertebral nerve blockade group (32%) (P < 0.001). Parental satisfaction was significantly higher (80 vs. 48%; P < 0.05) and same-day discharge was possible in a higher proportion of patients in the paravertebral blockade group (80% vs. 52%; P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Paravertebral nerve blockade was associated with improved postoperative pain relief; reduced analgesic consumption, and faster hospital discharge compared with a systemic analgesia protocol in children undergoing herniorrhaphy.
authors.affiliation: Anesthesia Department [corrected] Makassed General Hospital, Beirut, Lebanon. zouhnaja@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Zouheir M
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Naja
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raf
authors.forename: Mariam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: El Rajab
authors.forename: Fouad M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Ziade
authors.forename: Mohamad A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Al Tannir
authors.forename: Per Arne
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Lönnqvist
mesh_terms: D000768:Anesthesia, General; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005260:Female; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009407:Nerve Block / Q000379:methods*; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077149:Sevoflurane
chemical_list: D008738:Methyl Ethers; D000077149:Sevoflurane