title: New anti-inflammatory formulation containing Synurus deltoides extract.
abstract: Synurus deltoides was previously found to possess significant anti-inflammatory activity especially against chronic inflammation, and strong analgesic activity in vivo. In this study, new anti-inflammatory formulation containing S. deltoides extract as a major ingredient was prepared and in vivo activity was evaluated. The plausible action mechanism was also investigated. The new formulation (SAG) contains 1 part of S. deltoides extract, 0.9 part of Angelica gigas extract and 0.9 part of glucosamine sulfate (w/w). SAG inhibited dose-dependently edematic response of arachidonic acid (AA)- and 12-O-tetradecanoyl 13-acetate (TPA)-induced ear edema in mice, which is an animal model of acute inflammation. SAG showed 44.1% inhibition of AA-induced ear edema at an oral dose of 50 mg/kg. In an animal model of chronic inflammation, SAG clearly reduced the edematic response of 7-day model of multiple treatment of TPA (38.1% inhibition at 200 mg/kg/day). Furthermore, SAG (50-800 mg/kg/day) as well as S. deltoides extract (285 mg/kg/day) significantly inhibited prostaglandin E2 production from the skin lesion of the animals of 7-day model. These results were well correlated with in vitro finding that SAG as well as S. deltoides extract reduced cyclooxygenase (COX)-1- and COX-2-induced prostanoid production, measured in mouse bone marrow-derived mast cells. Therefore, these results suggest that SAG possesses anti-inflammatory activity in vivo against acute as well as chronic inflammatory animal models at least in part by inhibition of prostaglandin production through COX-1/COX-2 inhibition. And COX inhibition of SAG is possibly contributed by S. deltoides extract among the ingredients. Although the anti-inflammatory potencies of SAG were less than those of currently used anti-inflammatory drugs, this formulation may have beneficial effect on inflammatory disorders as a neutraceutical.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Kangwon National University, Chunchon 200-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Yong Hwan
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Kun Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Son
authors.forename: Hyeun Wook
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: KiHwan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bae
authors.forename: Sam Sik
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Hyun Pyo
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid; D029969:Angelica; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D019659:Asteraceae; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005944:Glucosamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D010146:Pain / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015230:Prostaglandin D2 / Q000378:metabolism; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004338:Drug Combinations; D010936:Plant Extracts; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D005944:Glucosamine; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate; D019342:Acetic Acid; D015230:Prostaglandin D2