Influence of diesel concentration on the fate of phenanthrene in soil.
The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of diesel on the loss and bioavailability of soil-associated [14C]phenanthrene with time. In addition, the temporal development of phenanthrene catabolic activity and the impact of co-contaminant mixtures on the soil microflora were also assessed. With respect to compound fate, the results suggested that competitive effects between dissimilar co-contaminants did influence [14C]phenanthrene loss. Where diesel was present at a concentration of 0, 20, 200 and 2000 mg kg(-1), increased phenanthrene loss was observed with increasing diesel concentrations. In the 20,000 mg kg(-1) diesel treatment, however, a significantly higher amount of the initial [14C]activity remained after 225 days. Furthermore, initial degradation of phenanthrene in this treatment was retarded as a result of repressed phenanthrene catabolic activity. These results were complemented by a 4-fold increase in total culturable bacterial cell numbers in the 20,000 mg kg(-1) treatment when compared with the 2000 mg kg(-1) after 225 days of incubation time.
Swindell
Annika L
AL
School of Environmental Sciences, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK.
Reid
Brian J
BJ
D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D001682:Biological Availability; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005742:Gasoline / Q000633:toxicity*; D010616:Phenanthrenes / Q000032:analysis*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D013997:Time Factors
D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D005742:Gasoline; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D012989:Soil Pollutants; C031181:phenanthrene