title: Insulin secretion and insulin sensitivity in Japanese subjects with impaired fasting glucose and isolated fasting hyperglycemia.
abstract: Impaired fasting glucose (IFG) is a subgroup of impaired glucose regulation exhibiting an elevated fasting glucose levels without elevated 2-h glucose levels on oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT). Diabetes mellitus with isolated fasting hyperglycemia (DM/IFH) is a similar subgroup of diabetes having higher fasting glucose levels with 2-h glucose levels within the non-diabetic range. The aim of this study is to profile the characteristics of these subgroups to estimate the factors involved in the development from normal glucose tolerance (NGT) via IFG to DM/IFH. Five hundred and sixty seven Japanese males were classified on the basis of 75 g OGTT into four groups, NGT, IFG, DM/IFH, and isolated impaired glucose tolerance (isolated IGT). Insulin secretion was evaluated by insulinogenic index, insulin sensitivity was evaluated by ISI composite, and insulin secretory patterns were compared additionally. IFG and DM/IFH subjects exhibited both lower insulin secretion and lower insulin sensitivity than NGT subjects. There was an insulin peak in NGT, IFG, and DM/IFH at 60 min, which did not occur in isolated IGT. Impaired early-phase and basal insulin secretion and decreased insulin sensitivity both are estimated as factors in progression from NGT via IFG to DM/IFH in these subjects. IFG and DM/IFH subjects have definite fasting hyperglycemia in contrast to isolated IGT subjects, 2-h glucose levels being maintained within the non-diabetic range partly by the insulin peak at 60 min.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diabetes and Clinical Nutrition, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto, University, 54 Shogoin-Kawahara-cho, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: Yuichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nishi
authors.forename: Mitsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukushima
authors.forename: Haruhiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mitsui
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Ataru
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Taniguchi
authors.forename: Yoshikatsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakai
authors.forename: Toshiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawakita
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kurose
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Seino
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamada
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002784:Cholesterol; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007328:Insulin; D014280:Triglycerides