Uneven distribution of MHC class II epitopes within the influenza virus.
The identification of T cell epitopes is crucial for the understanding of the host immune response during infection. While much is known about the MHC class I-restricted response following influenza virus infection of C57BL/6 mice, with over 16 CD8 epitopes identified to date, less is known about the MHC class II-restricted response. Currently, only a few I-A(b)-restricted T helper epitopes have been identified. Therefore, several important questions remain about how many class II epitopes exist in this system and whether these epitopes are evenly distributed within the most abundant viral proteins. In order to address these questions, we analyzed the repertoire of epitopes that drive the CD4+ approximately 20-30 epitopes drive the CD4 T cell response and that the majority of these peptides are derived from the NP and HA proteins. We were also able to demonstrate that vaccination with one of the newly identified epitopes, HA(211-225)/A(b), resulted in increased epitope-specific T cell numbers and a significant reduction in viral titers following influenza virus challenge.
Crowe
Sherry R
SR
Trudeau Institute, 154 Algoquin Ave, Saranac Lake, NY 12983, USA.
Miller
Shannon C
SC
Brown
Deborah M
DM
Adams
Pamela S
PS
Dutton
Richard W
RW
Harmsen
Allen G
AG
Lund
Frances E
FE
Randall
Troy D
TD
Swain
Susan L
SL
Woodland
David L
DL
D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D000939:Epitopes; D005802:Genes, MHC Class II / Q000276:immunology*; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL
D000956:Antigens, Viral; D000939:Epitopes; D006389:Hemagglutinins, Viral