title: Prevalence of lymph nodes in the apex of level V: a plea against the necessity to dissect the apex of level V in mucosal head and neck cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We assessed the prevalence of histologically proven normal or invaded lymph nodes in the apex of level V.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy neck dissections were performed in 41 patients with mucosal head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (SCC). Fifty-one neck dissections were performed in 30 previously untreated patients (group 1); 19 neck dissections were carried out in 11 patients previously irradiated (group 2).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pathologic analysis was unable to identify any lymph node in 70% of the apex specimens. In group 1, no lymph nodes were detected in 63%, whereas one or more noninvaded lymph nodes were present in 37%; in group 2, no lymph nodes were identified in 89%, whereas one or more normal lymph nodes were found in 11% (p = .03). Metastatic lymph nodes were never identified.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of lymph nodes in the apex was 30%. No invaded lymph nodes were identified. In addition to anatomic evidence, these results suggest that dissection of the apex is not necessary in mucosal head and neck SCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Head and Neck Oncology Program, St Luc University Hospital and Cancer Center, 10, Hippocrate Avenue, 1200 Brussels, Belgium. hamoir@orlo.ucl.ac.be
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hamoir
authors.forename: Jatin P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Gauthier
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Desuter
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Grégoire
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ledeghen
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Plouin-Gaudon
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rombaux
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Weynand
authors.forename: Benoît
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lengelé
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D037981:Neck Dissection; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies