title: Micro-pigmentation: implications for patients and professionals.
abstract: In the UK, reconstructive breast surgery is routinely offered to patients undergoing surgery for breast cancer. The results can be excellent, but without a nipple-areola complex the patient can feel incomplete. In response to patient need, an innovative nurse-led micro-pigmentation service has been developed in the authors' NHS trust, which provides women (and men) an opportunity to complete their reconstruction process. With the use of coloured pigments, micro-pigmentation creates a permanent image of a nipple-areola complex, which improves the aesthetic appearance of the surgically-created breast. As with the development of any new nurse-led innovation, the micro-pigmentation service has professional and client implications. Breast cancer can be devastating and may induce many psychological concerns, not least about body image and sexuality. This article addresses these issues, along with professional matters, such as autonomous practice, role expansion and the blurring of clinical boundaries. These factors are considered in relation to the nursing management of the micro-pigmentation service, where patient autonomy is encouraged to promote acceptance of self-image and closure on the breast cancer experience.
authors.affiliation: Breast Care, Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust, Ipswich, Suffolk, UK.
authors.forename: Kim
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Collingridge
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Calcluth
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D001828:Body Image; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016462:Mammaplasty / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology; D009558:Nipples; D011364:Professional Practice / Q000458:organization & administration; D012047:Rehabilitation Centers / Q000458:organization & administration; D019529:Sexuality; D012880:Skin Pigmentation; D013041:Specialties, Nursing / Q000379:methods* / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006113:United Kingdom