[Invasive pulmonary aspergillesis].
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the results of therapy of invasive pulmonary aspergillesis (IPA) in one medical center from 2000 to 2005.


METHODS
Diagnosis of IPA was made according to the International criteria. Incidence of verified IPA was 2%, probable--84%, possible--14%.


RESULTS
IPA was diagnosed in 50 cases in 49 patients aged 16- 78 years, median 35. Most of the patients consisted of acute leukemia cases (54%). Intensive cytostatic therapy was given in 41% cases. In 54% IPA developed in critical neutropenia, median of duration of which being 29 days (3 to 144 days). 29 patients received glucocorticoid drugs. In diagnosis of IPA Aspergillus spp was isolated in 46% cases (A. fumigatus-59%, A. flavus-29%, A. niger-4%, A-versicolor-4%, in 1 (4%) case identification was not made. Positive antigen Aspergillus was detected in 27 cases. All the patients had pulmonary involvement detected at x-ray or computed tomography. Coincidence of pulmonary lesions seen at x-rays and computer tomograms was only in 30% patients. Cure was achieved in 44%, lethality was 56%. Overall survival in IPA for 90 days was 47%. Amphotericine was effective in 29%. Voriconasol--in 3 of 5 patients, kaspofungin--in 3 of 7. Surgical treatment was given to 4 patients.


CONCLUSIONS
Lethality in IPA for 5 years when basic therapy was amfotericin B reached 56%. Reduction of lethality can be achieved due to early diagnosis of the infection and administration of voriconasol at the initial stage of IPA. It is necessary to conduct multicenter studies to ascertain indications for combined antifungal therapy.
Kliasova
G A
GA
Petrova
N A
NA
Parovichnikova
E N
EN
Gotman
L N
LN
Isaev
V G
VG
Mikhaĭlova
E A
EA
Ustinova
E N
EN
Khoroshko
N D
ND
Vishnevskaia
E S
ES
Kremenetskaia
A M
AM
Kravchenko
S K
SK
Kaplanskaia
I B
IB
Kokhno
A A
AA
Ptitsin
S A
SA
Liubimova
L S
LS
Mendeleeva
L P
LP
Mitish
N E
NE
Galstian
G M
GM
Ryzhko
V V
VV
Tochenov
A V
AV
Savchenko
V G
VG
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000946:Antigens, Fungal / Q000276:immunology; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D001230:Aspergillus / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008172:Lung Diseases, Fungal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011013:Pneumonectomy; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000935:Antifungal Agents; D000946:Antigens, Fungal