title: Xanthii fructus inhibits inflammatory responses in LPS-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages.
abstract: Xanthii Fructus (XF) is an herb widely used in medicine for the treatment of a variety of inflammatory pathologies. In this study, using mouse peritoneal macrophages, we have examined whether XF affects nitric oxide (NO), tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, and interleukin (IL)-12p40 production induced by interferon (IFN)-gamma and lipopolysaccharide (LPS). XF inhibits IFN-gamma and LPS-induced NO production in a dose dependent manner. The decrease in NO synthesis was reflected as a decreased amount of inducible NO synthase protein. Furthermore, we also found that XF inhibits pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha production. However, treatment of XF in peritoneal macrophages had no effect on IL-12p40 production. These findings suggest that XF may be used in controlling macrophages-mediated inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: College of Oriental Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Hyo-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: An
authors.forename: Hyun-Ja
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Eun-Hee
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yun-Kyung
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Woo-Jun
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Su-Jin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Seung-Heon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Hyung-Min
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007723:Korea; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000032:analysis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D031210:Xanthium / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014315:Triterpenes; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C421805:friedelane; D018664:Interleukin-12; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse