title: Reduction of absorbed dose in storage phosphor urography by significant lowering of tube voltage and adjustment of image display parameters.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether image quality in storage phosphor urography can be maintained when the X-ray tube voltage is significantly lowered to give a lower patient dose.
  
  
  METHODS
  Initial phantom studies were used to establish exposure settings at 53 kV that gave signal-to-noise ratios for contrast media structures equivalent to those obtained at the reference kilovoltage of 69 kV. Dose area product and image quality, assessed by image quality criteria and visual grading, were then recorded for 44 patients drawn at random to be examined by either the standard or modified technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Absorbed dose could be reduced by more than 30% without any significant change in image quality in manually controlled exposures and by 13% in exposures controlled by AEC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It might be possible to lower the tube voltage in digital examinations involving contrast media as a means of lowering patient dose. The image display parameters need to be adjusted to maintain image quality.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Central Hospital Växjö, Sweden.
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Wiltz
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Axelsson
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D049628:Body Size; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D007668:Kidney / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011835:Radiation Protection / Q000379:methods*; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D011874:Radiometry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D014567:Urography / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D014963:X-Ray Intensifying Screens