title: Calindol, a positive allosteric modulator of the human Ca(2+) receptor, activates an extracellular ligand-binding domain-deleted rhodopsin-like seven-transmembrane structure in the absence of Ca(2+).
abstract: The extracellular calcium-sensing human Ca(2+) receptor (hCaR),2 a member of the family-3 G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR) possesses a large amino-terminal extracellular ligand-binding domain (ECD) in addition to a seven-transmembrane helical domain (7TMD) characteristic of all GPCRs. Two calcimimetic allosteric modulators, NPS R-568 and Calindol ((R)-2-{1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl-aminom-ethyl}indole), that bind the 7TMD of the hCaR have been reported to potentiate Ca(2+) activation without independently activating the wild type receptor. Because agonists activate rhodopsin-like family-1 GPCRs by binding within the 7TMD, we examined the ability of Calindol, a novel chemically distinct calcimimetic, to activate a Ca(2+) receptor construct (T903-Rhoc) in which the ECD and carboxyl-terminal tail have been deleted to produce a rhodopsin-like 7TMD. Here we report that although Calindol has little or no agonist activity in the absence of extracellular Ca(2+) for the ECD-containing wild type or carboxyl-terminal deleted receptors, it acts as a strong agonist of the T903-Rhoc. In addition, Ca(2+) alone displays little or no agonist activity for the hCaR 7TMD, but potentiates the activation by Calindol. We confirm that activation of Ca(2+) T903-Rhoc by Calindol truly the is independent using in vitro reconstitution with purified G(q). These findings demonstrate distinct allosteric linkages between Ca(2+) site(s) in the ECD and 7TMD and the 7TMD site(s) for calcimimetics.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular Biology, NIDCD, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. rayk@nidcd.nih.gov
authors.forename: Kausik
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ray
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tisdale
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Dodd
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dauban
authors.forename: Martial
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruat
authors.forename: John K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Northup
mesh_terms: D000494:Allosteric Regulation; D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000819:agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism; D008024:Ligands; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010627:Phenethylamines; D011437:Propylamines; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D044169:Receptors, Calcium-Sensing / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012243:Rhodopsin / Q000737:chemistry*; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000075024:rhoC GTP-Binding Protein
chemical_list: C506457:(R)-2-(1-(1-naphthyl)ethyl-aminom-ethyl)indole; D000814:Aniline Compounds; D007211:Indoles; D008024:Ligands; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C107873:N-(2-chlorophenylpropyl)-1-(3-methoxyphenyl)ethylamine; D009281:Naphthalenes; D010627:Phenethylamines; D011437:Propylamines; D044169:Receptors, Calcium-Sensing; D012243:Rhodopsin; C066690:RHOC protein, human; D020741:rho GTP-Binding Proteins; D000075024:rhoC GTP-Binding Protein; D002118:Calcium