Axis I disorders and personality disorders as risk factors for suicide.
There is a lack of psychological autopsy studies assessing the influence of axis I disorders on axis II disorders as risk factors for suicide. Therefore, we investigated the association between personality disorders, axis I disorders, and suicide. Psychiatric disorders were evaluated by a semi-structured interview including the Structured Clinical Interview for DSM-IV Axis I (SCID-I) and Personality Disorders (SCID-II) in 163 completed suicides (mean age 49.6 +/- 19.3 years; 64.4% men) and by personal interview in 396 population-based control persons (mean age 51.6 +/- 17.0 years; 55.8% men). In both genders, suicides significantly more often had personality disorders of all clusters than controls, also after adjustment for axis I disorders (p < 0.001, each). In addition, alcohol-related disorders, major depression, and co-occurrence of personality disorders of more than one cluster (men: OR = 16.13; women: OR = 20.43) remained independent predictors for suicide in both genders, "pure" cluster B personality disorders only in women and "pure" cluster C personality disorders only in men. In both genders, co-occurrence of personality disorders of more than one cluster contributed to risk of completed suicide after control for axis I psychiatric disorders and has to be considered as an independent risk factor for suicide.
Schneider
Barbara
B
Center of Psychiatry, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-University Frankfurt/Main, Heinrich-Hoffmann-Strasse 10, 60528 Frankfurt/Main, Germany.
Wetterling
Tilman
T
Sargk
Dieter
D
Schneider
Fabian
F
Schnabel
Axel
A
Maurer
Konrad
K
Fritze
Jürgen
J
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology; D015897:Comorbidity; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013405:Suicide / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*