title: Falls and injurious falls late in home-dwelling life.
abstract: Of the Finnish persons aged 85 years or older, living at home, 555 (67% of this age class) were monitored for two years to describe the circumstances and the frequency of falls and injury-causing falls. The incidence rates of falls, major soft tissue injuries and fractures were 1039 (95% confidence interval = CI: 974-1093), 74 (58-92) and 89 (72-108), respectively. The incidence of falls was higher among women 1127 (1055-1199) than among men 755 (651-870), but only among those younger than 90 years. The probability of getting injured in a fall was higher in the morning (p = 0.010) and in the evening (p = 0.007) as compared to the daytime. More injury-causing falls than other falls were non-defined as regards ongoing activity at the time of fall (p < 0.001) and type of falling (p < 0.001). Ongoing activity and type of falling did not discriminate injury-causing falls from other falls after exclusion of the non-defined falls. We conclude that incidence of falls among the home-dwelling elderly increases up to the oldest ages, especially among the men. Time of day affects the occurrence of injuries in falls. Ongoing activity and type of falling play a minor role in falls causing injuries among the most elderly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Science and General Practice, University of Oulu, PB 5000, FIN-90014 Oulu, Finland.
authors.forename: Sari
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lehtola
authors.forename: Pentti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Koistinen
authors.forename: Heikki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Luukinen
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000367:Age Factors; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D012737:Sex Factors; D017695:Soft Tissue Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*