title: Percutaneous transhepatic portal vein embolization: effectiveness of absolute ethanol infusion with balloon catheter in a pig model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effectiveness of portal vein embolization (PVE) with absolute ethanol using multidetector-row computed tomography (CT) angiography in a pig model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Percutaneous transhepatic PVE with 10 ml absolute ethanol was performed in liver segments (n = 5) or subsegments (n = 5) in 10 pigs. CT images and volumetric data were qualitatively and quantitatively assessed to determine future liver remnant (FLR) hypertrophy and to correlate with histopathologic changes 2-6 weeks after PVE. Effectiveness evaluation was based on changes in absolute FLR size and ratio of FLR to total estimated liver volume (TELV).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Occlusion of the embolized vessel was achieved immediately after injecting absolute ethanol within a range of 0.25-0.33 ml/kg. The TELV prior to PVE was 660.49 +/- 103.66 cm3 (range 527.22 to 833.70 cm3) and after PVE 769.51 +/- 29.36 cm3 (range 685.95 to 887.34 cm3). The mean FLR/TELV ratio increase after PVE was 14.2%. No statistically significant difference was found in the increase of TELV between segmental or subsegmental PVE. On microscopic observation, atrophy of the embolized liver was noted in all animals and was seen distinctly at 3 weeks after PVE in 2 animals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both regenerative response and histopathologic changes of the liver were seen after PVE with absolute ethanol with a mean FLR/TELV ratio of 14.2%.
authors.affiliation: Division of Diagnostic Radiology, National Cancer Center Hospital, Department of Radiology, Nippon Medical University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Satake
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Tateishi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kumazaki
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction / Q000379:methods; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D002404:Catheterization / Q000379:methods*; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D007261:Infusions, Intra-Arterial / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D023421:Models, Animal; D015588:Observer Variation; D011169:Portal Vein; D012997:Solvents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013552:Swine; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D012997:Solvents; D000431:Ethanol; D003404:Creatinine; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D001663:Bilirubin