title: Plasma lipids and fatty acid composition in parrots in relation to the intake of alpha-linolenic acid from two feed mixtures.
abstract: The main objective of this study was to find out whether the content of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA) in plasma cholesteryl-esters (CE) or triglycerides (TG) in parrots might serve as an index of ALA intake. The intake of ALA might be a risk factor for atherosclerosis, but on the basis of the fatty acid composition of seed mixtures the intake is difficult to assess due to selective eating of seeds. Parrots were fed two seed mixtures that differed in ALA content according to a cross over design. The macronutrient composition of the diets supplied differed from that of the diets consumed. The diets consumed had higher levels of dry matter, crude protein, crude fat and energy, and lower levels of crude fibre and crude ash. The ALA content, expressed as g/kg diet, was similar for the diet supplied and that consumed, irrespective of the type of diet. The diets had no systematic effect on plasma lipid concentrations. There were marked differences in plasma cholesterol concentrations between parrot species. When the diet with the low ALA content was fed (0.8% ALA of total fatty acids consumed, 1.1 g ALA/kg of diet consumed), the plasma CE and TG did not contain detectable ALA amounts. When the diet with the high ALA content was fed (4.2% ALA of total fatty acids consumed, 6.1 g ALA/kg of diet consumed), the plasma CE and TG contained about 1% ALA of total fatty acids. It is suggested that the content of ALA in plasma CE and TG might be used as an indicator of ALA intake.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands. frederique_bavelaar@hotmail.com
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Bavelaar
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van der Kuilen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hovenier
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Lemmens
authors.forename: A C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Beynen
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002788:Cholesterol Esters / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D010311:Parrots / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D013045:Species Specificity; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood / Q000737:chemistry*; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002788:Cholesterol Esters; D014280:Triglycerides; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid