title: Angiotensin-converting enzyme gene insertion/deletion polymorphism is associated with risk of oral precancerous lesion in betel quid chewers.
abstract: To investigate whether angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene insertion/deletion (I/D) polymorphism is related to the risk of oral precancerous lesions (OPL) in Taiwanese subjects who chew betel quid, a total of 61 betel quid chewers having OPL were compared with 61 asymptomatic betel quid chewers matched for betel quid chewing duration and dosage. The frequency of homozygote for ACE D variant is significantly higher in the case subjects than that of the controls (44.3 vs 24.6%; P = 0.0108). The adjusted odds ratio of the D homozygous for the risk of OPL is 8.10 (95% confidence interval (CI) = 2.04-32.19, P = 0.003). In the allelic base analysis, the D allele is also significantly associated with higher risk of OPL. When grouping the study subjects by smoking status, the association between ACE I/D polymorphism and risk of OPL was only observed in nonsmokers. Our results support the theory that genetic factors may contribute to the susceptibility of OPL and suggest that smoking and genetic factors may be differently involved in the development of OPL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Research, Pingtung Christian Hospital, Pingtung 900, Taiwan.
authors.forename: F-M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Y-H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: C-H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: C-C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: T-Y
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Shieh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking; D000483:Alleles; D001114:Areca / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A