title: The influence of gender on colon cancer stage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if colon cancer stage at diagnosis varies by gender.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a retrospective cohort study comprising of patients diagnosed with colon cancer from 1990 to 2002 and had their data reported to the TriHealth Tumor Registry, Cincinnati, OH. We classified the colon cancer into one of four stages: carcinoma in situ (CIS), local, regional, and distant disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our cohort consisted of 2891 patients (1467 women and 1424 men). The women with colon cancer were significantly older and more likely to be single or widowed; in addition, more of them were African American (p < 0.05). The men with colon cancer were more likely to smoke tobacco and consume alcohol (p < 0.05). There was no difference between the genders for family history of colon cancer (8.5% vs. 9.6%). We found that women were significantly less likely to have CIS compared with men (OR = 0.51, 95% CI 0.09-0.85). Women also possessed a nonsignificant decrease in local disease. In contrast, the women showed significantly more regional disease than men (OR = 1.19, 95% CI 1.06-1.30) and had a non-significant increase in distant disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  After controlling for multiple variables, at diagnosis and staging of colon cancer, women had more advanced disease than men.
authors.affiliation: Bethesda Family Medicine Residency Program, Cincinnati, Ohio 45212, USA.
authors.forename: Scott E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Woods
authors.forename: Karuna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Narayanan
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Engel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016017:Odds Ratio; D009820:Ohio / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D016387:Women's Health