title: Immune reconstitution syndrome due to bacillus Calmette-Guérin after initiation of antiretroviral therapy in children with HIV infection.
abstract: The immune reconstitution syndrome caused by bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG) was found in 4 HIV-infected children who were immunized with BCG at birth. The localized, suppurative, BCG-related complications developed within 10 weeks after initiation of antiretroviral therapy. The incidence rate was 2.7 cases per 100 persons (95% confidence interval, 0.7-6.7). Patients responded well to treatment with isoniazid and rifampicin.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand.
authors.forename: Thanyawee
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Puthanakit
authors.forename: Penninah
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Oberdorfer
authors.forename: Suchart
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Punjaisee
authors.forename: Pornphun
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wannarit
authors.forename: Thira
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sirisanthana
authors.forename: Virat
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sirisanthana
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007538:Isoniazid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012293:Rifampin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014388:Tuberculosis, Lymph Node / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000995:Antitubercular Agents; D001500:BCG Vaccine; D007538:Isoniazid; D012293:Rifampin