title: Inhibition of lipopolysaccharide-induced tissue factor expression in monocytes by urinary trypsin inhibitor in vitro and in vivo.
abstract: Tissue factor (TF) plays a critical role in the pathogenesis of disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC) observed in patients with septic shock. Urinary trypsin inhibitor (UTI), a multivalent protease inhibitor, is currently used for treatment of patients with septic shock. This study was undertaken to determine whether UTI reduces LPS-induced coagulation abnormalities by inhibiting lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced expression of TF by monocytes. UTI inhibited LPS-induced increases in both TF activities and TF mRNA expression in monocytes without affecting the viability. Although activation of nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), activator protein-1 (AP-1) and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK)1/2 were shown to be critically involved in LPS-induced increases in TF activities in isolated monocytes, UTI inhibited phosphorylation of ERK1/2 and decreased expression of early growth response factor-1 (Egr-1) induced by LPS without affecting the activation of NF-kappaB and AP-1. UTI inhibited both the expression of TF mRNA in whole blood, increases in TF activities in mononuclear cells, and increases in serum levels of fibrin and fibrinogen degradation products (E) in rats given LPS without affecting the number of monocytes in the peripheral blood. Taken together these results strongly suggested that UTI might reduce LPS-induced coagulation abnormalities in rats by inhibiting TF expression in monocytes through inhibition of Egr-1 expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Diagnostic Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kumamoto University, 1-1-1 Honjo, Kumamoto, 860-0811, Japan.
authors.forename: Perenlei
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Molor-Erdene
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okajima
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Isobe
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uchiba
authors.forename: Naoaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Nobuhiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shimozawa
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okabe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002470:Cell Survival; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005337:Fibrin / Q000737:chemistry; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000737:chemistry; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos / Q000378:metabolism; D020569:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-rel / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D013925:Thromboplastin / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C497325:EGR1 protein, human; D051766:Early Growth Response Protein 1; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006023:Glycoproteins; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D016760:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-fos; D020569:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-rel; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D014157:Transcription Factors; D005337:Fibrin; D005340:Fibrinogen; D004247:DNA; D013925:Thromboplastin; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; C028665:urinastatin