title: Altered level of apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease/redox factor-1 (APE/REF-1) mRNA in the hippocampus of ovariectomized rats treated by raloxifene against kainic acid.
abstract: 1. Accumulated clinical evidence suggests that selective oestrogen receptor modulators (SERM), such as raloxifene, may be neuroprotective. Oxidative stress is a likely molecular mechanism in the neurotoxicity of kainic acid (KA), an excitotoxic substance. The expression levels of the apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease/redox factor-1 (APE/Ref-1) gene seem to correlate with cellular sensitivity to reactive oxygen species (ROS) and a reduction in the expression of APE/Ref-1 may cause oxidative DNA damage. 2. The aim of the present study was to assess the effects of KA and raloxifene on the level of APE/Ref-1 mRNA in the hippocampus of ovariectomized rats. The expression of the APE/Ref-1 gene was quantified using reverse transcription followed by real-time polymerase chain reaction. 3. The results show that the level of APE/Ref-1 mRNA increased significantly in raloxifene-treated rats. However, raloxifene treatment did not affect the seizure severity induced by KA. We also observed that raloxifene treatment against simultaneous KA injection maintained the increased level of APE/Ref-1 mRNA in the hippocampus. 4. Therefore, the results of the present study seem to support previous data suggesting the potential significance of raloxifene in neuroprotection.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey. yalcina@pharm.ege.edu.tr
authors.forename: Ayfer
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yalcin
authors.forename: Lutfiye
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kanit
authors.forename: Guliz
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Durmaz
authors.forename: Sehnaz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sargin
authors.forename: Cosan H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Terek
authors.forename: Bahattin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tanyolac
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D043603:DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D007608:Kainic Acid / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D010052:Ovariectomy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020849:Raloxifene Hydrochloride / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators; D020849:Raloxifene Hydrochloride; D043603:DNA-(Apurinic or Apyrimidinic Site) Lyase; D007608:Kainic Acid