title: Simian immunodeficiency virus disrupts extended lengths of the blood--brain barrier.
abstract: It is known that there is disruption of the blood-brain barrier during terminal AIDS encephalitis in both human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected humans and simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV)-infected rhesus macaques. Much, although by no means all, of the neuropathological findings of HIV and SIV infection involves accumulation of monocytes/macrophages that have likely crossed the blood-brain barrier (BBB). There is no convincing, rigorous, demonstration of HIV (or SIV) infecting endothelial cells in vivo. However, this is not to say that HIV infection would not have any effects on the physiology of microvascular brain endothelial cells. Because of the elaborate nature of cerebral microvessels, previous studies of cerebral endothelial cells have been constrained by sectioning artifacts. Examination of freshly isolated cerebral microvessels allows investigation of extended lengths of vessels (>150 mum) without sectioning artifacts. These studies determine the changes in the expression of the tight junction protein zo-1 protein on the endothelial cells of cerebral capillaries at terminal acquired immune deficiency syndrome, demonstrating that there is a decreased expression of zo-1 protein over extended lengths of microvessels.
authors.affiliation: Tulane National Primate Research Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, Covington, LA, USA.
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Maclean
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Belenchia
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Bieniemy
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Moroney-Rasmussen
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Lackner
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001812:Blood-Brain Barrier / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000662:veterinary; D008251:Macaca; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008992:Monkey Diseases / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology*; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000378:metabolism*; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus; D019108:Tight Junctions / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; C569042:TJP1 protein, human; D062826:Zonula Occludens-1 Protein