title: [Robotic coronary artery surgery: past, present and future].
abstract: Minimally invasive endoscopic procedures in cardiac surgery have only become possible since the introduction of telemanipulator systems. In this study we review robotic assisted telemanipulation systems and procedures on beating and arrested heart for total endoscopic revascularization. Robotic surgery is still under development. The most important factors limiting this new technique are high costs and the fact that only selected patients are able to be operated on. But studies on technology especially to improve anastomotic techniques are going on to produce an alternative for coronary revascularisation. We did not yet hit all goals but the future seems promising.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular and Thorax Surgery, Johann Wolfgang Goethe University, D-60590, Frankfurt, Germany. s.dogan@em.uni-frankfurt.de
authors.forename: Selami
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Doğan
authors.forename: Birkan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Akbulut
authors.forename: Tayfun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aybek
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mierdl
authors.forename: Anton R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Moritz
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wimmer-Greinecker
mesh_terms: D013504:Cardiovascular Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D012371:Robotics / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends