title: Isolation of saponins with the inhibitory effect on nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha production from Pleurospermum kamtschaticum.
abstract: As an attempt to search for bioactive natural products exerting antiinflammatory activity, we have isolated two saponins were isolated from the aerial portion of Pleurospermum kamtschaticum (Umbelliferae) by nitrite assay activity-directed chromatographic fractionation. They were identified as saikogenin F 3-O-{beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-beta-D-fucopyranoside} (buddlejasaponin IV, 1) and 3beta,16beta,23,28-tetrahydroxy-11alpha-methoxyolean-12-ene 3-O-{beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)-[beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->3)]-beta-D-fucopyranoside} (buddlejasaponin IVa, 2). Compound 1 significantly inhibited nitric oxide (NO) production, and it also significantly decreased prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) release in the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-activated macrophage Raw 264.7 cells whereas compound 2 was much less active. Saikogenin A (3) and -H (4) were obtained by hydrolyzing 1 and 2. Although these sapogenin showed strong NO inhibition, these effects were caused by the cytotoxic effect on Raw 264.7 cells. These results supported the notion that buddlejasaponin IV is a major inhibitors of NO, PGE2 and TNF-alpha production in P. kamtschaticum.
authors.affiliation: Division of Applied Plant Sciences, Sangji University, Wonju, Korea.
authors.forename: Hyun-Ju
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Sei-Gun
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jung-Hwan
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Nam
authors.forename: Kwang-Kyun
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Won-Yun
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Won-Bae
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Kyung-Tae
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jong-Heon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Won
authors.forename: Jong-Won
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hee-Juhn
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019661:Apiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D011448:Prostaglandin Antagonists; D012502:Sapogenins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D012503:Saponins / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011448:Prostaglandin Antagonists; D012502:Sapogenins; D012503:Saponins; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C104869:buddlejasaponin; C439329:saikogenin F; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C022616:thiazolyl blue; D015232:Dinoprostone