title: Therapy with insulin glargine (Lantus) in toddlers, children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy and safety of insulin glargine (IG) in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. In a prospective, 6-month study, 80 patients, aged 2-19 years, received IG once daily plus insulin regular or rapid analogue before meals. The data of body mass index, frequency of severe hypoglycaemia, daily mean blood glucose, fasting blood glucose, haemoglobin A1c and total daily insulin dosage before and after institution of glargine therapy were collected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 6 months, the average HbA1c level in the entire cohort dropped from 7.63+/-0.81 to 7.14+/-0.70% (p<0.001). Fasting blood glucose decreased from 161+/-37 to 150+/-35 mg/dl (p<0.05) in the total group. Severe hypoglycaemic episodes were reduced from 0.18 events per patient in the 6 months before IG therapy to 0.11 events per patient in the 6 months after IG therapy. The total daily insulin dose was reduced in the entire group from 0.90+/-0.32 to 0.83+/-0.29 u/kg/day (p<0.05). Body mass index (BMI) remained unchanged. In the 14 preschooler children, the HbA1c dropped from 7.54+/-0.60 to 6.96+/-0.57% (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Insulin glargine is an efficacious treatment to improve metabolic control in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes. It also improved the metabolic control in preschool-age children, without increasing the number of hypoglycaemic events.
authors.affiliation: Paediatric Diabetes Unit, Department of Paediatrics, Hospital Ramón y Cajal, Crta de Colmenar Km. 9.1, 28034 Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Colino
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: López-Capapé
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Golmayo
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alonso
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Barrio
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011788:Quality of Life
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007328:Insulin; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting