Feasibility of chemoradiation therapy with protracted infusion of 5-fluorouracil for esophageal cancer patients not suitable for cisplatin.
BACKGROUND
Chemoradiation therapy is the standard treatment for esophageal cancer in patients not fit for surgery. The regimen most commonly used includes cisplatin and 5-fluorouracil. Little data exists regarding alternative chemotherapy regimens in patients not suitable for cisplatin. We report on a regimen using protracted infusion 5-fluorouracil alone for both curative and palliative indications.


METHODS
Twenty-two patients with localized esophageal cancer suitable for curative chemoradiation therapy and 24 patients suitable for palliative therapy were enrolled. Chemotherapy consisted of 5-fluorouracil 225 mg/m(2) daily throughout the radiation therapy. The radiation dose was 56 to 60 Gy in 28 to 30 fractions (curative patients) and 30 to 35 Gy in 15 fractions (palliative patients).


RESULTS
The median age of the patients was 75 years. The regimen was tolerable. Significant grade 3 toxicities experienced were esophagitis (11%) and venous catheter toxicity (9%). The median survival was 17 months for curative patients and 9 months for palliative patients. The complete response rate was 86% endoscopically and 45% radiologically for curative patients. Relief of dysphagia was experienced in 67% of palliative patients. Quality of life was satisfactory in both groups.


CONCLUSIONS
This study showed that continuous-infusion 5-fluorouracil given concurrently with radiation therapy is a useful alternative to platinum-based chemoradiation therapy in patients with esophageal carcinoma.
Burmeister
Bryan H
BH
Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Queensland, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Woolloongabba 4102, Australia. Bryan_Burmeister@health.qld.gov.au
Walpole
Euan T
ET
Burmeister
Elizabeth A
EA
Thomas
Janine
J
Thomson
Damien B
DB
Harvey
Jennifer A
JA
Mark Smithers
B
B
Gotley
David C
DC
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000556:secondary; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000556:secondary; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D015996:Survival Rate
D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D005472:Fluorouracil