title: [Clinical evaluation of extensively damaged pulpless anterior teeth restored with direct and indirect cast dowel-core crowns].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the clinical effects of the restoration of residual crowns and roots with direct and indirect cast dowel-core crowns.
  
  
  METHODS
  The direct and indirect techniques were applied to fabricate cast dowel-core in 119 teeth of 91 patients. The direct dowel-cores were made by fabricating wax patterns in the prepared teeth in the patients' mouth; and the indirect dowel-cores were fabricated with wax patterns on casts poured by injecting agar impression material into the canal. Then the completed wax patterns were invested. After finishing the dowel-cores, they were cemented in the teeth. The metalceramic crowns were made to restore these teeth.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 119 teeth, 71 succeeded and 5 failed in 76 dowel-cores made by the direct method; and only 1 tooth failed among the 43 dowel-cores made by the indirect method.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The indirect method using agar impression material can be manipulated easily and conveniently with accurate impressions. The dowel-core fits the root canal and the margin has good adaption. The retention is good and this method is practicable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, China.
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yun-Zhi
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Feng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003442:Crowns; D003761:Dental Impression Technique; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011176:Post and Core Technique; D019553:Tooth, Nonvital