title: Clinical and immunological responses to undiluted and diluted smallpox vaccine with vaccinia virus of Lister strain.
abstract: The potential to increase the supply of vaccine by diluting the vaccinia virus of Lister strain to face possible bioterrorism with smallpox was evaluated. Vaccinia-naïve subjects (n=97) were randomized to receive either undiluted or diluted (1:5, 1:10) vaccine, and previously vaccinated subjects (n=122) were randomized to receive either undiluted or diluted (1:10, 1:30) vaccine. Except two subjects who received 1:30 diluted vaccine, the vaccination of all subjects was successful clinically. All subjects had significant vaccinia-specific T cell and antibody responses. The diluted vaccine was not associated with decreased local or systemic reactions, lower T cell responses, or higher antibody titers when compared with undiluted vaccine. Here we show the diluted vaccine of Lister strain can be used in vaccinia-naïve subjects and previously vaccinated subjects if viral titer > or =10(8) and 10(7.5) pfu/mL after dilution, respectively. The reactogenicity of vaccinia virus may not be a dose-dependent response.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital and College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, No. 7 Chung-Shan South Road, Taipei 100, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Szu-Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Shey-Ying
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Gwo-Chang
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Sheu
authors.forename: Min-Nan
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: Wen-Hsiang
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Chou
authors.forename: Shan-Chwen
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Kwo-Hsiung
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Hsu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D012900:Smallpox Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000276:immunology; D013602:T-Lymphocytes, Cytotoxic / Q000502:physiology; D014611:Vaccination; D014616:Vaccinia virus; D012901:Variola virus / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D012900:Smallpox Vaccine