title: The relationships between interest for and participation in health screening and risk of mortality: the Japan Collaborative Cohort Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study examined whether the interest in participation in health screening is associated with reduced mortality in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 68,825 subjects, 40-79 years old, in 29 Japanese communities responded to a questionnaire including interest level and participation status in health screening during 1988-1990. Systematic surveillance was completed until the end of 1999, with 660,682 person-years of follow-up, and the causes of death were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Men and women with low/no interest in health screening had 24-94% higher mortality from cardiovascular disease (CVD) and all causes. Women, but not men, with non-participation in health screening had 18-24% excess risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease, cancer, and all causes. Men and women with low/no interest and non-participation in health screening had 23-47% excess risk of mortality from cardiovascular disease and all causes. A similar excess risk of mortality was found among men with low/no interest and participation in health screening, but such a trend was less evident among women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Men and women with lower interest and women with no participation in health screening were at high risk for cardiovascular disease and all-cause mortality. Additionally, men who participated but had lower interest in health screening are also considered as high risk for cardiovascular disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health Medicine, Doctoral Program in Social and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Japan.
authors.forename: Ai
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iso
authors.forename: Hideaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toyoshima
authors.forename: Yoshihisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fujino
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mizoue
authors.forename: Takesumi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Inaba
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tamakoshi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001294:Attitude to Health; D002423:Cause of Death; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003256:Community Participation / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012307:Risk Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires