title: Quetiapine or haloperidol as monotherapy for bipolar mania--a 12-week, double-blind, randomised, parallel-group, placebo-controlled trial.
abstract: METHODS
  Patients (n=302) with bipolar I disorder (manic episode) were randomised to 12 weeks' double-blind treatment with quetiapine (flexibly dosed up to 800 mg/day), placebo, or haloperidol (up to 8 mg/day). The primary efficacy outcome variable was change from baseline to Day 21 in Young Mania Rating Scale (YMRS) score.
  
  
  RESULTS
  YMRS score improved with quetiapine at Day 21 (-12.29 versus -8.32 for placebo; P<0.01). The difference in favor of quetiapine increased by Day 84 (-17.52 versus -9.48; P<0.001). Haloperidol also showed an advantage over placebo at Days 21 and 84 (P<0.001). There was no significant difference in efficacy measures between quetiapine and haloperidol groups at any assessment except Day 21. The only common adverse event with quetiapine was somnolence (12.7%). Extrapyramidal symptoms (EPS), including akathisia, occurred at 59.6% with haloperidol, 12.7% with quetiapine, 15.8% with placebo. Most quetiapine responders (84%) received a dose of 400-800 mg/day.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Quetiapine was effective and well tolerated. The efficacy and tolerability profile of haloperidol (including its propensity for EPS) supported study validity.
authors.affiliation: Mood Disorders Psychopharmacology Unit, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Canada. rmcintyr@uhnres.utoronto.ca
authors.forename: Roger S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: McIntyre
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brecher
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Paulsson
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Huizar
authors.forename: Jamie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mullen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy*; D003987:Dibenzothiazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006220:Haloperidol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018579:Patient Selection; D010919:Placebos; D000069348:Quetiapine Fumarate; D012449:Safety
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D003987:Dibenzothiazepines; D010919:Placebos; D000069348:Quetiapine Fumarate; D006220:Haloperidol