title: Sulfoquinovosylmonoacylglycerol inhibitory mode analysis of rat DNA polymerase beta.
abstract: We have previously reported that sulfoquinovosylmonoacylglycerol (SQMG) is a potent inhibitor of mammalian DNA polymerases. DNA polymerase beta (pol beta) is one of the most important enzymes protecting the cell against DNA damage by base excision repair. In this study, we characterized the inhibitory action of SQMG against rat pol beta. SQMG competed with both the substrate and the template-primer for binding to pol beta. A gel mobility shift assay and a polymerase activity assay showed that SQMG competed with DNA for a binding site on the N-terminal 8-kDa domain of pol beta, subsequently inhibiting its catalytic activity. Fragments of SQMG such as sulfoquinovosylglycerol (SQG) and fatty acid (myristoleic acid, MA) weakly inhibited pol beta activity and the inhibitory effect of a mixture of SQG and MA was stronger than that of SQG or MA. To characterize this inhibition more precisely, we attempted to identify the interaction interface between SQMG and the 8-kDa domain by NMR chemical shift mapping. Firstly, we determined the binding site on a fragment of SQMG, the SQG moiety. We observed chemical shift changes primarily at two sites, the residues comprising the C-terminus of helix-1 and the N-terminus of helix-2, and residues in helix-4. Finally, based on our present results and our previously reported study of the interaction interface of fatty acids, we constructed two three-dimensional models of a complex between the 8-kDa domain and SQMG and evaluated them by the mutational analysis. The models show a SQMG interaction interface that is consistent with the data.
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Biological Science, Tokyo University of Science, Noda, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kasai
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mizushina
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.forename: Takayuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamazaki
authors.forename: Tadayasu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohkubo
authors.forename: Kengo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakaguchi
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sugawara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019951:DNA Polymerase beta / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology; D006017:Glycolipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007700:Kinetics; D008958:Models, Molecular; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D051381:Rats; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D006017:Glycolipids; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C496611:sulfoquinovosylacylglycerol; D004247:DNA; C013147:nervonic acid; D019951:DNA Polymerase beta; C054211:9-tetradecenoic acid