title: Expression of c-Ets1 protein in normal human placenta.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The proto-oncogene product c-Ets1 is a transcriptional factor that controls the expression of a number of genes involved in extracellular matrix remodeling such as stromelysin-1 (matrix metalloproteinase-3; MMP-3), collagenase-1, and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (u-PA). To elucidate the involvement of c-Ets1 in the invasive pathway of the trophoblasts, we analyzed c-Ets1 protein expression in placentas by fluorescent immunohistochemistry and Western blot analysis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analyzed serial frozen sections for c-Ets1 protein expression of the chorionic villi and cell column in the first trimester and the basal plate of placenta and amniotic membranes in the third trimester by fluorescent immunohistochemistry. Moreover, we examined the expression of c-Ets1 in the first and the third trimester by Western blot analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the first trimester, c-Ets1 was strongly expressed in the cytoplasm of cytotrophoblasts. Moreover, the cell column that invaded the endometrium had the strongest expression of c-Ets1. In the third trimester, c-Ets1 was detected in both cytoplasm and nucleus of the invading trophoblasts in the basal plate. Furthermore, c-Ets1 was expressed in both cytoplasm and nucleus of the trophoblasts in amniotic membrane. Western blotting revealed that c-Ets1 expressions in the first trimester were stronger than those in the third trimester.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results demonstrate that c-Ets1 expression in normal human placenta correlates to the invasive behavior of the trophoblasts, probably by activating the transcription of matrix-degrading MMPs, including MMP-3, collagenase-1, and u-PA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Japan. takai@med.oita-.ac.jp
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takai
authors.forename: Tami
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Narahara
authors.forename: Isao
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Miyakawa
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015153:Blotting, Western; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010920:Placenta / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D050784:Proto-Oncogene Protein c-ets-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: C000715470:MAS1 protein, human; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D050784:Proto-Oncogene Protein c-ets-1; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases