title: A delivery strategy for rotenone microspheres in an animal model of Parkinson's disease.
abstract: In order to study the pathogenesis of Parkinson's disease (PD), and explore therapeutic drug or approaches, the accurate animal model of PD with inexpensive, biocompatible and convenient administration was necessary. The aim of the present work was to investigate a delivery strategy for rotenone microspheres in an animal model of PD. The rotenone microspheres were prepared by solvent evaporation technique. The rotenone microspheres showed high entrapment efficiency (97.4+/-2.2%) with particle size about 100 microm. In vitro release of rotenone microspheres demonstrated different profiles from medium with different pH or concentration of isopropyl alcohol. The most consistent medium with in vivo rotenone levels in rat plasma was PBS (pH 5.8) with 20% isopropyl alcohol, and the cumulated release amount of rotenone over 30 days was 95.4% in it. The rotenone microspheres (9 mg/kg) produced typical PD symptoms in rats, for example, the cataleptic behavior test demonstrated a obviously prolonged descent latency compared with control animals after administration, and the tyrosine hydroxylase (TH) immunohistochemistry tests showed typical histological evidence of selective degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopaminergic system (striatum and substantia nigra) in rotenone microspheres-treated rats. In addition, this delivery system for rotenone model showed many noticeable advantages such as inexpensive, biocompatible and expedient administration by direct subcutaneous injection. This information suggested that rotenone microspheres as a delivery strategy for setting up an ideal animal model of PD was feasible.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institute for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Huaqing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wangwen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: Zhou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Zhenghong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Yongxin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xingzu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yaping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D002375:Catalepsy / Q000139:chemically induced; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000379:methods*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008863:Microspheres; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D010316:Particle Size; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012402:Rotenone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000378:metabolism; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D012402:Rotenone; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase