Tannins and related compounds induce nitric oxide synthase and cytokines gene expressions in Leishmania major-infected macrophage-like RAW 264.7 cells.
Some polyphenol-containing extracts (Pelargonium sidoides, Phyllanthus amarus) and representatives of simple phenols (shikimic acid 3- and 5-O-gallate), flavan-3-ols (epigallocatechin 3-gallate), proanthocyanidins (a hexamer) and hydrolysable tannins (corilagin, casuariin, geraniin) were studied for gene expressions (iNOS, IL-1, IL-10, IL-12, IL-18, TNF-alpha, IFN-alpha/gamma) by RT-PCR. All extracts and compounds were capable of enhancing the iNOS and cytokine mRNA levels in parasitised cells when compared with those in non-infected conditions.
Kolodziej
Herbert
H
Institute of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Biology, Freie Universität Berlin, Germany. kolpharm@zedat.fu-berlin.de
Burmeister
Anne
A
Trun
Weronika
W
Radtke
Oliver A
OA
Kiderlen
Albrecht F
AF
Ito
Hideyuki
H
Hatano
Tsutomu
T
Yoshida
Takashi
T
Foo
Lai Yeap
LY
D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics*; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D018320:Leishmania major / Q000502:physiology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D015394:Molecular Structure; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D013634:Tannins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*
D016207:Cytokines; D013634:Tannins; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase