Unstructured conformations are a substrate requirement for the Sir2 family of NAD-dependent protein deacetylases.
The regulation of protein function is often achieved through post-translational modifications including phosphorylation, methylation, ubiquitination, and acetylation. The role of acetylation has been most extensively studied in the context of histones, but it is becoming increasingly evident that this modification now includes other proteins. The Sir2 family of NAD-dependent deacetylases was initially recognized as mediating gene silencing through histone deacetylation, but several family members display non-nuclear sub-cellular localization and deacetylate non-histone protein substrates. Although many structural and enzymatic studies of Sir2 proteins have been reported, how substrate recognition is achieved by this family of enzymes is unknown. Here we use in vitro deacetylase assays and a variety of potential substrates to examine the substrate specificity of yeast homologue Hst2. We show that Hst2 is specific for acetyl-lysine within proteins; it does not deacetylate small polycations such as acetyl-spermine or acetylated amino ter-mini of proteins. Furthermore we have found that Hst2 displays conformational rather than sequence specificity, preferentially deacetylating acetyl-lysine within unstructured regions of proteins. Our results suggest that this conformational requirement may be a general feature for substrate recognition in the Sir2 family.
Khan
Ahlia N
AN
Department of Biochemistry, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada.
Lewis
Peter N
PN
D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000737:chemistry; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D002412:Cations; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002942:Circular Dichroism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006657:Histones / Q000737:chemistry; D006736:Horses; D007700:Kinetics; D008239:Lysine / Q000737:chemistry; D008958:Models, Molecular; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011107:Polylysine / Q000737:chemistry; D011487:Protein Conformation; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D012259:Ribonuclease, Pancreatic / Q000737:chemistry; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D056565:Sirtuin 2; D037761:Sirtuins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*
D002412:Cations; D006657:Histones; D010455:Peptides; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D011107:Polylysine; D001120:Arginine; D012259:Ribonuclease, Pancreatic; C423033:HST2 protein, S cerevisiae; D056565:Sirtuin 2; D037761:Sirtuins; D008239:Lysine