title: The silent epidemic among Wisconsin women: chronic obstructive pulmonary disease trends, 1980-2000.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate trends in mortality from chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) in Wisconsin.
  
  
  METHODS
  COPD mortality data for those 45 years of age and older were extracted from the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention WONDER database and analyzed. Rates were adjusted to the 2000 US Census.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Wisconsin, the mortality rate from COPD increased by 88% between 1980 and 2000. A similar increase in COPD mortality occurred in the United States during this same period. Among Wisconsin males, the 33% increase from 1980-2000 was higher than the increase for US males. Likewise, the rate among Wisconsin females increased 3.9 times compared to an increase of 2.8 among US females. Unlike men, mortality increased in all age groups of women from 1980 to 2000.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  COPD mortality rates are increasing dramatically in Wisconsin, especially among women. Long-term trends in smoking do not explain the increases in COPD death rates among women. Other possible reasons include changes in the pattern of smoking or in the type of cigarette smoked, or women may be more susceptible to lung disease. Wisconsin physicians should target women for diagnosis and treatment of COPD and for smoking cessation and prevention.
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin Medical School, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Edwards
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Umland
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ahrens
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Remington
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009026:Mortality / Q000639:trends; D011159:Population Surveillance; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000401:mortality*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000453:epidemiology; D014922:Wisconsin / Q000453:epidemiology