title: A survey for Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis in the Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp.
abstract: Paratuberculosis is a chronic intestinal disease of ruminants caused by Mycobacterium avium subspecies paratuberculosis (Map). Very little is known about the status of paratuberculosis in European zoos. In this study, the presence of Map in the animal collection of the Royal Zoological Society of Antwerp (RZSA) was investigated. Faecal and post mortem samples from 48 ruminants were used to set up cultures. DNA from faeces, tissue and positive cultures were tested by IS900 polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Additionally, 448 serum samples were tested with an ELISA kit. All culture samples were negative whereas PCR gave three positives on biopsy samples and one positive on faecal samples. With the ELISA, 21 sera could be classified as positive. There is evidence that Map is present in the RZSA but no high level faecal shedders could be detected. Further investigations are required in other European Zoos in order to complete the picture of Map infections.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Tropical Medicine, Veterinary Department, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium. evansnick@itg.be
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vansnick
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vercammen
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bauwens
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: D'Haese
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nelis
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Geysen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000836:Animals, Zoo / Q000382:microbiology*; D001530:Belgium / Q000453:epidemiology; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D016927:Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012418:Ruminants / Q000382:microbiology*