title: Perioperative and long-term cardiovascular outcomes in patients undergoing endovascular treatment compared with open vascular surgery for abdominal aortic aneurysm or iliaco-femoro-popliteal bypass.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to determine the perioperative and long-term cardiac outcomes of patients who underwent elective open or endovascular major vascular surgery corrected for cardiac risk factors and dobutamine stress echocardiography. Consecutive patients who underwent either endovascular (n = 123) or open (n = 560) vascular surgery from 1996 to 2004 at Erasmus Medical Center were enrolled. Patients were screened for cardiac risk factors (advanced age, gender, angina pectoris, myocardial infarction, heart failure, diabetes, stroke, renal failure), cardioprotective medication, and the presence of stress-induced ischemia by dobutamine stress echocardiography. Postoperative data on troponin release and electrocardiography were routinely collected on days 1, 3, and 7 and before discharge. After discharge, patients were regularly screened at the outpatient clinic. The main outcome measures were perioperative and long-term cardiac death and myocardial infarction. The incidence of perioperative cardiac events was significantly less in endovascular-treated patients compared with conventionally treated patients, also after adjustment for clinical risk factors, dobutamine stress echocardiography, and medication (hazard ratio [HR] 0.19, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.07 to 0.53). In contrast, during long-term follow-up (median 3.8 years, range 0 to 8.4), the incidence of long-term cardiac mortality and myocardial infarction were similar in the 2 groups (HR 0.89, 95% CI 0.52 to 1.52). In conclusion, endovascular stent grafting is associated with a reduced incidence of perioperative complications compared with open vascular surgery. Despite the initial perioperative survival benefit, patients who undergo endovascular surgery remain at high risk for late cardiac events.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Surgery, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Schouten
authors.forename: Virginie H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: van Waning
authors.forename: Miklos D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Kertai
authors.forename: Harm H H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Feringa
authors.forename: Jeroen J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Bax
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Boersma
authors.forename: Abdou
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Elhendy
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Biagini
authors.forename: Marc R H M
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: van Sambeek
authors.forename: Hero
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Urk
authors.forename: Don
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Poldermans
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017544:Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D005263:Femoral Artery / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007083:Iliac Artery / Q000601:surgery; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011150:Popliteal Artery / Q000601:surgery; D011300:Preoperative Care; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014656:Vascular Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality*