title: Molecular cloning and characterization of a 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase gene from Ginkgo biloba.
abstract: 1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate (DXP) reductoisomerase (DXR, EC: 1.1.1.267) is the second enzyme of the non-mevalonate terpenoid pathway for isopentenyl diphosphate biosynthesis and actually catalyzes a committed step of the methylerythritol phosphate (MEP) pathway for ginkgolide biosynthesis. The full-length DXR cDNA sequence (GenBank accession number: AY443101) was cloned and characterized for the first time from gymnosperm plant species, Ginkgo biloba, using rapid amplification of cDNA ends (RACE) technique. The full-length cDNA of GbDXR was 1720 bp containing a 1431 bp open reading frame (ORF) encoding a peptide of 477 amino acids with a calculated molecular mass of 52 kDa and an isoelectric point of 6.58. Comparative and bioinformatic analyses revealed that GbDXR showed extensive homology with DXRs from other plant species and contained a conserved transit peptide for plastids, an extended Pro-rich region and a highly conserved NADPH binding motif in its N-terminal region owned by all plant DXRs. Phylogenetic analysis indicated that GbDXR was more ancient than other plant DXRs. Tissue expression pattern analysis indicated that GbDXR expressed in all tissues including roots, stems, leaves, pericarps and seeds and lower transcription level was observed in leaves of G. biloba than that of other tissues. The cloning and characterization of GbDXR will be helpful to understand more about the role of DXR involved in the ginkgolides biosynthesis at the molecular level.
authors.affiliation: Plant Biotechnology Research Center, School of Agriculture and Biology, School of Life Science and Technology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200030, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Yifu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Zhihua
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Kaijing
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zuo
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Qiumin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Zhuoshi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Guoyin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kai
authors.forename: Xiaofen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: Kexuan
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D019747:Aldose-Ketose Isomerases / Q000235:genetics*; D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001483:Base Sequence; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D019295:Computational Biology; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D020441:Ginkgo biloba / Q000235:genetics*; D046934:Ginkgolides / Q000378:metabolism; D007525:Isoelectric Focusing; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes / Q000235:genetics*; D009249:NADP / Q000737:chemistry; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics*; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D010802:Phylogeny; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D046934:Ginkgolides; D009097:Multienzyme Complexes; D010455:Peptides; D010710:Phosphates; D010940:Plant Proteins; D009249:NADP; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C114231:1-deoxy-D-xylulose 5-phosphate reductoisomerase; D019747:Aldose-Ketose Isomerases