title: The effects of child formula toothpastes on enamel caries using two in vitro pH-cycling models.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare, using two pH-cycling models, the de/remineralisation effects of children's toothpastes on primary teeth.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vitro single-section and pH-cycling models.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary teeth were placed in demineralising solution for 96 hours to produce artificial carious lesions 60-100 microm deep. They were cut into 100 microm thick sections and assigned to 6 groups. Sections in Groups A and D were exposed to a non-fluoridated toothpaste, those in Groups B and E to half-pea-sized (0.16g) and those in Groups C and F to pea-sized portions (0.32g) of a 500ppm F toothpaste. pH-cycling Model I (Groups A, B, C), without added fluoride, ran for 7 days, while Model II (Groups D, E, F), with 0.25ppm F, ran for 10 days.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lesions were evaluated using polarised light microscopy and microradiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lesions in Groups B and E progressed by 64% and 61%, respectively, while those in Groups C and F progressed by only 19% and 23% respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both 10-day and 7-day pH-cycling models were suitable for studying carious lesion progression in primary teeth (the demineralising and remineralising solutions of the 10-day cycling model contained 0.25ppm F). A pea-sized portion (0.32g) of 500ppm F toothpaste slowed down the demineralisation progression better than a half-pea-sized portion.
authors.affiliation: Prince Philip Dental Hospital, Hong Kong, China.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Thaveesangpanich
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Itthagarun
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: J S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Wefel
mesh_terms: D002327:Cariostatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D002648:Child; D003731:Dental Caries / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005459:Fluorides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008852:Microradiography; D008859:Microscopy, Polarization; D013997:Time Factors; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014089:Tooth Remineralization; D014094:Tooth, Deciduous / Q000187:drug effects; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D002327:Cariostatic Agents; D014100:Toothpastes; D005459:Fluorides