title: Sexual abuse in childhood and interpersonal violence in adulthood: a cumulative impact on depressive symptoms in women.
abstract: This study investigates the cumulative impact of sexual abuse in childhood and adult interpersonal violence in the past year on depressive symptoms in a nonclinical sample of 265 primarily African American (74%) women. The frequency of depressive symptoms, measured by the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale (CES-D), was highest for women who experienced both forms of victimization. Women who reported greater stress over life's daily hassles reported more depressive symptoms. Women with higher levels of family support and a sense of personal mastery reported fewer depressive symptoms. The final model explained 42% of the variance in CES-D scores. Implications for practitioners are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Pennsylvania State University, Shenango Campus, Sharon, 16146, USA. wmm11@psu.edu
authors.forename: William M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: McGuigan
authors.forename: Wendy
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Middlemiss
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D018585:Battered Women / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D002650:Child Abuse, Sexual / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D019548:Crime Victims / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013179:Spouse Abuse / Q000523:psychology; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D016387:Women's Health