title: Cocaine associated with onlay bone graft failure: a clinical and histologic report.
abstract: This patient report presents an unusual onlay bone graft failure following local cocaine application. Three months after the bone grafting procedure performed in the anterior maxilla for bone volume augmentation, the bone graft was totally exposed in the oral cavity as a result of the rubbing of cocaine on the gingival tissue that covered the bone graft. A histologic view of the removed bone fragment presented not only an area of necrosis but also ample spaces filled with necrosis material and resorption areas. Dental practitioners need to be aware of this phenomenon because such patients often do not report the use of drugs, particularly cocaine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, Dental Research Division, Guarulhos University, Praça Tereza Cristina, 1-Centro, 07023-070 Guarulhos, São Paulo, Brazil. jshibli@ung.br
authors.forename: Jamil Awad
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Shibli
authors.forename: Elcio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marcantonio
authors.forename: Luis Carlos
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Spolidorio
authors.forename: Elcio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marcantonio
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000540:Alveolar Ridge Augmentation; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000139:chemically induced; D016025:Bone Transplantation / Q000473:pathology*; D003042:Cocaine / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005889:Gingival Recession / Q000139:chemically induced; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor; D007576:Jaw, Edentulous, Partially / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008437:Maxilla / Q000187:drug effects / Q000601:surgery*; D010020:Osteonecrosis / Q000139:chemically induced
chemical_list: D003042:Cocaine