title: Non invasive evaluation of endothelial function in patients with Anderson-Fabry disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fabry's disease is an X-linked recessive abnormality of glycosphingolipid metabolism. Increased levels of endothelial prothrombotic factors have recently been demonstrated in Fabry's disease, whereas endothelial function has not been studied using high resolution ultrasound.
  
  
  METHODS
  We enrolled 6 patients (4 male, 2 female; mean age, 37 years) and 12 sex matched control subjects (mean age, 37 years). Patients' exclusion criteria included a prior history of cardiac disease, diabetes and treated or untreated hypertension. Patients underwent: anamnesis, physical examination, EKG, 2-dimensional echocardiography with tissue Doppler, measurement of body weight and height, blood pressure. Biochemistry variables were also considered: fasting blood sugar, total cholesterol, HDL-C, LDL-C, triglycerides, fibrinogen, C reactive protein and homocysteine. Using high resolution ultrasound, we assessed the brachial vasodilator response to reactive hyperemia (endothelium-dependent) and sublingual nitroglycerin (NTG) (endothelium-independent). Flow-mediated dilatation (FMD) was expressed as percentage change in post-stimulus diameter in comparison with the baseline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In baseline condition, there was no significant difference between patients and controls in the brachial artery diameter (3.5+/-0.55 vs 3.1+/-0.4). After reactive hyperemia, the FMD change was significantly higher in controls than in patients (16.5+/-6.3% vs 9.3+/-6.2%, P<0.05). After NTG, endothelium-independent vasodilation did not show a significant difference between cases and controls (15+/-7.7% vs 13.8+/-7.1%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study demonstrated the presence of endothelial dysfunction in patients with Fabry's disease in comparison to controls. We hypothesized that endothelial dysfunction may contribute to the pathogenesis of ischemic events in patients with Fabry's disease.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Palermo, Palermo, Italy.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Puccio
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Coppola
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Corrado
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Muratori
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pistone
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Buongiorno
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aricò
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Novo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000795:Fabry Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006940:Hyperemia / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D014463:Ultrasonography; D014664:Vasodilation
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein