title: Predicting DUI recidivism: Personality, attitudinal, and behavioral risk factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To predict DUI recidivism using personality, attitudinal, and behavioral factors.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted cross-sectional analyses of survey data. Covariance structure modeling was used to identify unique predictors of driving after drinking (DAD), alcohol consumption, and high-risk driving.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and eighty individuals with multiple DUI convictions, predominately male and Hispanic. Participants were surveyed in the Rio Hondo Courthouse, Los Angeles County, California.
  
  
  METHODS
  The survey included measures of past year frequency of DAD, socially desirable response bias, sensation seeking, trait hostility, high-risk driving style, alcohol expectancies, and alcohol consumption.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DAD was positively related with frequency of drinking and with positive alcohol expectancies. It was negatively associated with socially desirable response bias. Measures of high-risk driving and the personality variables were highly negatively associated with socially desirable response bias.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individuals who believe that they are affected positively by alcohol intoxication are not responding to the standard penalties for DUI and persist in driving after drinking. These beliefs may serve as an important point of intervention for programs designed to reduce drunk driving. The current research also suggests that self-report measures of DAD, as well as many hypothesized risk factors, are highly correlated with socially desirable response biases. Failure to control for such biases may be a significant threat to the validity of research in this field.
authors.affiliation: RAND, Drug Policy Research Center, 1776 Main Street, Santa Monica CA 90407-2138, USA. tschell@rand.org
authors.forename: Terry L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Schell
authors.forename: Kitty S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Andrew R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Morral
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001290:Attitude; D001334:Automobile Driving / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003415:Crime / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005106:Exploratory Behavior; D006801:Humans; D007175:Impulsive Behavior / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D010551:Personality; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012928:Social Desirability; D014481:United States