title: Dilatation for assisted ventilation-induced laryngotracheal stenosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the long-term results of dilatation and our experience with dilatation for assisted ventilation-induced laryngotracheal stenosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective study of 32 patients primarily treated with dilatation for assisted ventilation-induced laryngotracheal stenosis between 1977 and 2002.
  
  
  METHODS
  A tertiary care center and university teaching hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  There were 19 men and 13 women aged 15 to 76 years. The stenosis was cicatricial with some inflammatory process in 27 patients and completely mature in 5 patients. The stenosis involved the cricoid and the trachea in four patients. In 28 patients, the stenosis involved only the trachea.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dilatation was performed with serially sized rigid bronchoscopes. Endoscopic laser vaporization was never performed in this series. Six patients were treated with only one dilatation. The 26 remaining patients were treated with successively 2 to 10 dilatations (mean, 3.3 dilatations). The dilatation success rate was analyzed using the Kaplan-Meier method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Median duration of follow-up was 1.8 years. Mortality rate was 9.4%. The overall failure rate was 71.8%. Twenty patients presented with recurrent stenosis. The treatment of recurrent stenosis consisted of tracheal resection with end-to-end anastomosis (11 patients, 55%), cricotracheal anastomosis (5 patients, 25%), tracheal endoprosthesis (2 patients, 10%), and tracheotomy (1 patient, 5%). All patients who underwent tracheal or cricotracheal anastomosis were successfully treated. None of the variables under analysis (sex, age, medical history, cause for intubation, intubation type and duration, delay from initial injury, degree of stenosis, length of trachea involved, number of dilatations) were statistically related to the incidence of complications and the success rate of dilatations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We do not recommend dilatation technique as the sole treatment for assisted ventilation-induced laryngotracheal stenosis. This technique is helpful in case of emergency to restore an airway and useful for the assessment of stenosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology--Head and Neck Surgery, Hôpital Percy, 101 Avenue Henri Barbusse, 92140 Clamart, France. phclement@wanadoo.fr
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Clément
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hans
authors.forename: Erwan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: de Mones
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sigston
authors.forename: Ollivier
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Laccourreye
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brasnu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020680:Bronchoscopes; D004106:Dilatation / Q000379:methods*; D004630:Emergencies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007829:Laryngostenosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012121:Respiration, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014135:Tracheal Stenosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D014140:Tracheotomy; D016896:Treatment Outcome