title: Assessing cross-cultural equivalence through confirmatory factor analysis.
abstract: This article presents a study in which Picot's caregiver rewards scale (PCRS), originally developed in English, was cross-culturally validated with 137 Chinese adult children family caregivers in the United States using confirmatory factor analysis. A one-factor structure of the 21-item revised Chinese PCRS was supported as indicated by goodness-of-fit index = .94, adjusted goodness-of-fit index = .93, standardized root mean square residual = .09, and chi-square to df ratio = 2.7. Chi-square for this model was (chi(2) [189, n = 137] = 514, p < .05). The standardized alpha was .90. All factor loadings were significant (p < .00) and above .30. Construct validity was supported by significant associations with caregivers' filial beliefs (r = .32, p < .01) and caregivers' filial affection toward parents (r = .23, p < .05). Results suggest that the Chinese PCRS is a summative measure of perceived caregiver rewards with potential for evaluating interventions to reduce perceived burden among adult children family caregivers.
authors.affiliation: University of Missouri--St. Louis, College of Nursing, USA.
authors.forename: Kuei-Hsiang
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Hsueh
authors.forename: Linda R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Wenyun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Sandra J Fulton
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Picot
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D032721:Adult Children / Q000208:ethnology*; D000368:Aged; D001213:Asian / Q000208:ethnology*; D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology*; D017028:Caregivers / Q000523:psychology*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018864:Cultural Diversity; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong / Q000208:ethnology; D006801:Humans; D008149:Love; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009042:Motivation; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D011594:Psychometrics; D012660:Semantics; D012941:Social Responsibility; D015206:Southwestern United States; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards*; D013624:Taiwan / Q000208:ethnology; D014175:Translating