title: Survival of very-low-birth-weight infants according to birth weight and gestational age in a public hospital.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the survival rates for infants weighing 500 - 1 499 g according to birth weight (BW) and gestational age (GA).
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a retrospective cohort study. Pregnancy and delivery data were collected soon after birth and neonatal data at discharge or at death.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital (CHBH), a public-sector referral hospital, affiliated to the University of the Witwatersrand.
  
  
  METHODS
  Live births weighing between 500 g and 1 499 g delivered at or admitted to CHBH from January 2000 to December 2002.
  
  
  METHODS
  BW and GA-specific survival rates for all live infants born at CHBH and for those admitted for neonatal care.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy-two per cent of infants survived until discharge. The survival to discharge rate was 32% for infants weighing < 1 000 g, and 84% for those weighing 1 000 - 1 499 g. Survival rates at 26, 27 and 28 weeks' gestation were 38%, 50% and 65% respectively. Survival rates for infants admitted to the neonatal unit were better than rates for all live births, especially among those weighing < 1 000 g or with a GA < 28 weeks. There was a marked increase in survival between the 900 - 999 g and 1 000 - 1 099 g weight groups. Provision of antenatal care, caesarean section, female gender and an Apgar score more than 5 at 1 or 5 minutes were associated with better survival to hospital discharge.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Survival among infants weighing less than 1 000 g is poor. In addition to severe prematurity, the poor survival among these infants (< 1 000 g) is most likely related to the fact that they were not offered mechanical ventilation. Mechanical ventilation should be offered to infants weighing < 1 000 g as it may improve their survival even in institutions with limited resources.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Chris Hani Baragwanath Hospital and University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg. velaphisc@medicine.wits.ac.za
authors.forename: S C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Velaphi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mokhachane
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Mphahlele
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Beckh-Arnold
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kuwanda
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Cooper
mesh_terms: D001034:Apgar Score; D001724:Birth Weight; D002423:Cause of Death; D005865:Gestational Age; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006779:Hospitals, Public / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007226:Infant Mortality; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D016015:Logistic Models; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013019:South Africa / Q000453:epidemiology