title: Metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) is an essential downstream effector of the c-MYC oncoprotein.
abstract: The c-myc oncogene is among the most commonly overexpressed genes in human cancer. c-myc encodes a basic helix-loop-helix/leucine zipper (bHLH/LZ) transcription factor (c-MYC) that activates a cascade of downstream targets that ultimately mediate cellular transformation. Although a large number of genes are regulated by c-MYC, only a few have been functionally linked to c-MYC-mediated transformation. By expression profiling, the metastasis-associated protein 1 (MTA1) gene was identified here as a target of the c-MYC oncoprotein in primary human cells, a result confirmed in human cancer cells. MTA1 itself has been previously implicated in cellular transformation, in part through its ability to regulate the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and metastasis. MTA1 is a component of the Mi-2/nucleosome remodeling and deacetylating (NURD) complex that contains both histone deacetylase and nucleosome remodeling activity. The data reported here demonstrate that endogenous c-MYC binds to the genomic MTA1 locus and recruits transcriptional coactivators. Most importantly, short hairpin RNA (shRNA)-mediated knockdown of MTA1 blocks the ability of c-MYC to transform mammalian cells. These data implicate MTA1 and the Mi-2/NURD complex as one of the first downstream targets of c-MYC function that are essential for the transformation potential of c-MYC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathobiology, University of Pennsylvania School of Veterinary Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Xiao-Yong
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lauren M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: DeSalle
authors.forename: Jagruti H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Anthony J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Capobianco
authors.forename: Duonan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Andrei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thomas-Tikhonenko
authors.forename: Steven B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: McMahon
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000378:metabolism*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D056245:Mi-2 Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase Complex; D051379:Mice; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D001324:Autoantigens; C115323:CHD4 protein, human; C489427:MYC protein, human; C089320:MTA1 protein, human; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D015534:Trans-Activators; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D056245:Mi-2 Nucleosome Remodeling and Deacetylase Complex; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; D004265:DNA Helicases