title: Long-term, controlled release of the HIV microbicide TMC120 from silicone elastomer vaginal rings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The feasibility of providing prolonged and controlled release of the experimental non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor TMC120 from a silicone vaginal ring in quantities sufficient to maintain a vaginal concentration offering protection against heterosexual HIV transmission was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Core-type, silicone elastomer vaginal rings containing TMC120 were manufactured, and in vitro release studies performed under sink conditions. The experimental release data, as determined by HPLC, were correlated with estimates of vaginal TMC120 concentrations required to inhibit HIV replication.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Continuous, zero-order release of TMC120 from core-type vaginal rings was observed in vitro over a 71 day period, equivalent to 136 microg/day. The release rate is predicted to maintain vaginal concentrations of the antiretroviral in the range of several orders of magnitude in excess of reported HIV inhibitory concentration values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Continuous and prolonged zero-order release of TMC120 from a silicone vaginal ring device at quantities predicted to prevent HIV infection was observed.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy, Medical Biology Centre, Queen's University of Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast BT9 7BL, Northern Ireland, UK. k.malcolm@qub.ac.uk
authors.forename: R Karl
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Malcolm
authors.forename: A David
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Woolfson
authors.forename: Clare F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Toner
authors.forename: Ryan J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Morrow
authors.forename: Stephen D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: McCullagh
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003274:Contraceptive Devices, Female; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D015229:Sexually Transmitted Diseases, Viral / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012826:Silicone Elastomers
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D011743:Pyrimidines; D012826:Silicone Elastomers; C481671:Dapivirine