title: Effect of a multifaceted intervention on number of antimicrobial prescriptions for suspected urinary tract infections in residents of nursing homes: cluster randomised controlled trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether a multifaceted intervention can reduce the number of prescriptions for antimicrobials for suspected urinary tract infections in residents of nursing homes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cluster randomised controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  24 nursing homes in Ontario, Canada, and Idaho, United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  12 nursing homes allocated to a multifaceted intervention and 12 allocated to usual care. Outcomes were measured in 4217 residents.
  
  
  METHODS
  Diagnostic and treatment algorithm for urinary tract infections implemented at the nursing home level using a multifaceted approach--small group interactive sessions for nurses, videotapes, written material, outreach visits, and one on one interviews with physicians.
  
  
  METHODS
  Number of antimicrobials prescribed for suspected urinary tract infections, total use of antimicrobials, admissions to hospital, and deaths.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fewer courses of antimicrobials for suspected urinary tract infections per 1000 resident days were prescribed in the intervention nursing homes than in the usual care homes (1.17 v 1.59 courses; weighted mean difference -0.49, 95% confidence intervals -0.93 to -0.06). Antimicrobials for suspected urinary tract infection represented 28.4% of all courses of drugs prescribed in the intervention nursing homes compared with 38.6% prescribed in the usual care homes (weighted mean difference -9.6%, -16.9% to -2.4%). The difference in total antimicrobial use per 1000 resident days between intervention and usual care groups was not significantly different (3.52 v 3.93; weighted mean difference -0.37, -1.17 to 0.44). No significant difference was found in admissions to hospital or mortality between the study arms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A multifaceted intervention using algorithms can reduce the number of antimicrobial prescriptions for suspected urinary tract infections in residents of nursing homes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Molecular Medicine, McMaster University, Hamilton, ON, Canada. loebm@mcmaster.ca
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Loeb
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Brazil
authors.forename: Lynne
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lohfeld
authors.forename: Allison
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McGeer
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Simor
authors.forename: Kurt
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Stevenson
authors.forename: Dick
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zoutman
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Xiwu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Stephen D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Walter
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D011307:Drug Prescriptions / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006707:Homes for the Aged / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D009735:Nursing Homes / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents