title: Gene therapy, cell transplantation and stroke.
abstract: The use of neuroteratocarcinoma cells for transplantation therapy in stroke has emerged as a strategy for cell replacement therapy that has begun its transition from basic science laboratories to a clinical setting. Procurement logistics and novel neuroprotective functions associated with these cells allow neuroteratocarcinoma cells to serve as efficacious alternatives to using fetal cells as donor cell grafts for stroke therapy, although the optimal transplantation regimen must still be determined. In particular, the limitations of current stroke treatments and management reveal an urgent need to examine the efficacy of experimental treatments, such as neural transplantation, in order to develop better treatment therapies. This chapter will discuss the characteristics of NT2N cells, the role of the host brain microenvironment and NT2N cell grafts, laboratory research and clinical trials for the intracerebral transplantation of NT2N cells in stroke, the mechanisms underlying the grafts' effects, and NT2N cell grafts and the need for immunosuppression. This chapter will also highlight some of the most recent findings regarding NT2N cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta, GA 30904, USA. cborlongan@mail.mcg.edu
authors.forename: Cesario V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Borlongan
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fournier
authors.forename: Christine E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Stahl
authors.forename: Guolong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Noriyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsukawa
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasuhara
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Hess
authors.forename: Paul R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Sanberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000473:pathology; D016380:Brain Tissue Transplantation; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D017690:Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods*; D016332:Fetal Tissue Transplantation; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D020521:Stroke / Q000628:therapy*; D018243:Teratocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents