title: Terlipressin or norepinephrine in hyperdynamic septic shock: a prospective, randomized study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare, in patients with hyperdynamic septic shock, the effects of norepinephrine or terlipressin on hemodynamic variables and renal function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized, open-label study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intensive care unit of a university, tertiary, and referral center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty adult patients with hyperdynamic septic shock, after fluid resuscitation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were randomized to receive norepinephrine or terlipressin. Global hemodynamic variables, oxygen consumption, urine flow, creatinine clearance, and arterial blood lactate levels were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean arterial pressure, systemic vascular resistance, pulmonary vascular resistance, and left and right ventricular stroke work were significantly increased with both drugs. With terlipressin, but not with norepinephrine, a significant decrease in heart rate (from 113 +/- 17 to 104 +/- 11 beats.min(-1), p < .01) and cardiac index (from 5.1 +/- 1.7 to 4.2 +/- 1.6 L.min(-1).m(-2)) was observed, with no change in stroke volume. Oxygen delivery index (from 784 +/- 131 to 701 +/- 92 mL.min(-1).m(-2)) and consumption index (from 244 +/- 69 to 210 +/- 54 mL.min(-1).m(-2)) were significantly decreased with terlipressin, but not with norepinephrine. Blood lactate concentrations were significantly decreased with both drugs. Urine flow and creatinine clearance were increased with both drugs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with hyperdynamic septic shock, both norepinephrine and terlipressin were effective to raise mean arterial blood pressure. With terlipressin, but not norepinephrine, the improvement in blood pressure was achieved at the expense of cardiac index and oxygen consumption, which were significantly decreased. Renal function was improved with both drugs. In further studies, alternative strategies to maintain cardiac index should be explored, such as a synergy between low-dose terlipressin and dobutamine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care Medicine and Trauma Center, Hospital Nord, Marseille Cedex 20, France.
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Albanèse
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leone
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Delmas
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007773:Lactates / Q000097:blood; D008236:Lypressin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation / Q000187:drug effects; D012772:Shock, Septic / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000187:drug effects; D000077585:Terlipressin; D014655:Vascular Resistance / Q000187:drug effects; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D007773:Lactates; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D008236:Lypressin; D000077585:Terlipressin; D010100:Oxygen; D009638:Norepinephrine