title: Maximal dismounts from high bar.
abstract: In men's artistic gymnastics the triple straight somersault dismount from the high bar has yet to be performed in competition. The present study used a simulation model of a gymnast and the high bar apparatus (J. Appl. Biomech. 19(2003a) 119) to determine whether a gymnast could produce the required angular momentum and flight to complete a triple straight somersault dismount. Optimisations were carried out to maximise the margin for error in timing the bar release for a given number of straight somersaults in flight. The amount of rotation potential (number of straight somersaults) the model could produce whilst maintaining a realistic margin for error was determined. A simulation model of aerial movement (J. Biomech.23 (1990) 85) was used to find what would be possible with this amount of rotation potential. The model was able to produce sufficient angular momentum and time in the air to complete a triple straight somersault dismount. The margin for error when releasing the bar using the optimum technique was 28 ms, which is small when compared with the mean margin for error determined for high bar finalists at the 2000 Sydney Olympic Games (55 ms). Although the triple straight somersault dismount is theoretically possible, it would require close to maximum effort and precise timing of the release from the bar. However, when the model was required to have a realistic margin for error, it was able to produce sufficient angular momentum for a double twisting triple somersault dismount.
authors.affiliation: School of Sport and Exercise Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, Leics LE11 3TU, UK. m.j.hiley@lboro.ac.uk
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hiley
authors.forename: Maurice R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Yeadon
mesh_terms: D000054:Acceleration; D000465:Algorithms; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006173:Gymnastics / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D012399:Rotation