title: Power output during women's World Cup road cycle racing.
abstract: Little information exists on the power output demands of competitive women's road cycle racing. The purpose of our investigation was to document the power output generated by elite female road cyclists who achieved success in FLAT and HILLY World Cup races. Power output data were collected from 27 top-20 World Cup finishes (19 FLAT and 8 HILLY) achieved by 15 nationally ranked cyclists (mean +/- SD; age: 24.1+/-4.0 years; body mass: 57.9+/-3.6 kg; height: 168.7+/-5.6 cm; VO2max 63.6+/-2.4 mL kg(-1) min(-1); peak power during graded exercise test (GXT(peak power)): 310+/-25 W). The GXT determined GXT(peak power), VO2peak lactate threshold (LT) and anaerobic threshold (AT). Bicycles were fitted with SRM powermeters, which recorded power (W), cadence (rpm), distance (km) and speed (km h(-1)). Racing data were analysed to establish time in power output and metabolic threshold bands and maximal mean power (MMP) over different durations. When compared to HILLY, FLAT were raced at a similar cadence (75+/-8 vs. 75+/-4 rpm, P=0.93) but higher speed (37.6+/-2.6 vs. 33.9+/-2.7 km h(-1), P=0.008) and power output (192+/-21 vs. 169+/-17 W, P=0.04; 3.3+/-0.3 vs. 3.0+/-0.4 W kg(-1), P=0.04). During FLAT races, riders spent significantly more time above 500 W, while greater race time was spent between 100 and 300 W (LT-AT) for HILLY races, with higher MMPs for 180-300 s. Racing terrain influenced the power output profiles of our internationally competitive female road cyclists. These data are the first to define the unique power output requirements associated with placing well in both flat and hilly women's World Cup cycling events.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Australian Institute of Sport, PO Box 176, Canberra, Belconnen, ACT 2616, Australia. tammie.ebert@ausport.gov.au
authors.forename: Tammie R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Ebert
authors.forename: David T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Warren
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: McDonald
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Victor
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Plummer
authors.forename: Robert T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Withers
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015308:Anaerobic Threshold; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology*; D003163:Competitive Behavior / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005843:Geography; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood; D011209:Power, Psychological; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid