title: Immune responses to non-structural protein 3 (NS3) of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) in NS3 DNA vaccinated and naturally infected cattle.
abstract: Immune responses to non-structural protein 3 (NS3) of bovine viral diarrhoea virus (BVDV) were investigated. cDNA encoding NS3 from type 1a BVDV was used to vaccinate five calves, another five calves remained unvaccinated. Three weeks after final vaccination animals were challenged intranasally with heterologous type 1a BVDV. Anti-NS3 antibodies were detected in only one animal post-vaccination. Partial protection from virus challenge was observed in the vaccinates. Virus was not isolated from nasal mucosa of two vaccinates, and virus clearance from nasal mucosa was faster in the vaccinates compared to the controls. While elevated rectal temperatures were evident in both groups 7 days post-challenge, the mean increase in the controls was twice that observed in the vaccinates. In conclusion, NS3 DNA vaccination induced humoral immunity in one calf, and prevented fever and virus establishment in the nasal mucosa in 2/5 calves, demonstrating the efficacy of NS3 vaccination, which may benefit future development of pestivirus and flavivirus vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Veterinary College, Hawkshead Lane, North Mymms, Hatfield, Hertfordshire AL9 7TA, UK. nyoung@rvc.ac.uk
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brownlie
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001912:Bovine Virus Diarrhea-Mucosal Disease / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D002417:Cattle; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D001908:Diarrhea Viruses, Bovine Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases / Q000276:immunology*; D020365:RNA Helicases / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary*; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; D043583:Nucleoside-Triphosphatase; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases; D000085242:Viral Proteases
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D010447:Peptide Hydrolases; D020365:RNA Helicases; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; C086730:p80 protein, bovine viral diarrhea virus; D012697:Serine Endopeptidases; D043583:Nucleoside-Triphosphatase; D053487:DEAD-box RNA Helicases; D000085242:Viral Proteases