title: The evidence base for public health informing policy at the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  As part of a major re-examination of its organization, in 2004, the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) assessed the evidence base for the effectiveness of population-based public health intervention programs.
  
  
  METHODS
  For the leading causes of disease, injury, and disability, evidence was systematically reviewed for modifiable risk factors and their attributable fractions, and for public health interventions and their preventable fractions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For 31 conditions, 194 modifiable risk factors were identified, and attributable fractions were found for 65 (33.5%). For 137 (70.6%) of the risk factors, 702 population-based interventions were found. Preventable fractions were found for 31 (4.4%) of the interventions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite considerable information about both modifiable risk factors and interventions designed to reduce the risks of the major causes of disease, injury, and disability, the evidence base that describes the effectiveness of these interventions is limited. The CDC is committed to support research that will set priorities for program development and identify effective public health interventions.
authors.affiliation: Office of Workforce and Career Development, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. sbt1@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Stephen B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Thacker
authors.forename: Robin M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Karen E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Gieseker
authors.forename: Aaron B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Mendelsohn
authors.forename: Sharon H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Saydah
authors.forename: Cecilia W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Curry
authors.forename: Jean W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Yuan
mesh_terms: D002487:Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, U.S.; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006291:Health Policy; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D011050:Policy Making; D011634:Public Health; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology