title: Effects of sub-chronic antipsychotic drug treatment on body weight and reproductive function in juvenile female rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Weight gain caused by some antipsychotics is not only confined to adults but can also adversely affect both children and adolescents. Indeed, olanzapine and risperidone have been associated with extreme weight gain in adolescents even greater than that reported in adults. We have recently shown substantial weight gain in adult female rats following treatment with olanzapine and risperidone but not ziprasidone.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to compare the effects of several antipsychotics on weight gain and reproductive function in juvenile (aged 7 weeks) female hooded Lister rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Olanzapine (4 mg/kg), risperidone (0.5 mg/kg), ziprasidone (2.5 mg/kg), sulpiride (10 mg/kg), haloperidol (0.5 mg/kg) or vehicle was administered i.p. once per day for 21 days. Body weight, food and water intake were measured daily, in addition to the determination of stage of the oestrous cycle.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sub-chronic administration of olanzapine, risperidone, sulpiride and haloperidol, but not ziprasidone, significantly increased body weight compared to vehicle-treated animals during weeks 1-3. Sulpiride significantly increased food and water intake. Significantly increased percentage intra-abdominal fat weight was observed in olanzapine, risperidone, sulpiride and haloperidol, but not ziprasidone-treated animals. Marked disruption of the oestrous cycle was observed in all but the ziprasidone-treated group, which continued to have regular 4-day oestrous cycles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Weight gain observed in these juvenile animals was 1.5-2 times greater than that previously observed in adult rats. These findings have important implications for the use of antipsychotics in children and adolescent patients.
authors.affiliation: Bradford School of Pharmacy, The University of Bradford, Bradford, BD7 1DP, UK.
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Fell
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Neill
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Marshall
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects*; D004326:Drinking / Q000187:drug effects; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D030762:Estrous Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D014599:Uterus / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents