title: Human trypanosomiasis caused by Trypanosoma evansi in India: the first case report.
abstract: We report an Indian farmer who had fluctuating trypanosome parasitemia associated with febrile episodes for five months. Morphologic examination of the parasites indicated the presence of large numbers of trypanosomes belonging to the species Trypanosoma evansi, which is normally a causative agent of animal trypanosomiasis known as surra. Basic clinical and biologic examinations are described, using several assays, including parasitologic, serologic, and molecular biologic tests, all of which confirmed the infecting species as T. evansi. Analysis of cerebrospinal fluid indicated no invasion of the central nervous system (CNS) by trypanosomes. Suramin, a drug used exclusively for treatment of early-stage human African trypanosomiasis with no CNS involvement, effected apparent cure in the patient. This is the first case reported of human infection due to Trypanosoma evansi, which was probably caused by transmission of blood from an infected animal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Government Medical College, Nagpur, India.
authors.forename: Prashant P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Joshi
authors.forename: Vijay R
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Shegokar
authors.forename: Rajaram M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Powar
authors.forename: Stephane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Herder
authors.forename: Rahul
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Katti
authors.forename: Harsha R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Salkar
authors.forename: Vibhawari S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Dani
authors.forename: Aradhana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhargava
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jannin
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Truc
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013498:Suramin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014344:Trypanocidal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014345:Trypanosoma / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D014352:Trypanosomiasis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology*
chemical_list: D014344:Trypanocidal Agents; D013498:Suramin