title: Role of squamous cell carcinoma antigen 1 expression in the invasive potential of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Serine proteases have important roles in tumor invasion and metastasis, and their inhibitors, serine protease inhibitors (serpins), are attractive targets for therapeutic strategies. On chromosome 18q21, there is a cluster of serpins: maspin, headpin, and squamous cell carcinoma antigen 1 (SCCA1)/SCCA2. Others and we have reported that the expression of these serpins is down regulated in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) cells compared with normal squamous epithelial cells. In this study, we hypothesized that expression of SCCA1 is biologically disadvantageous to HNSCC cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  HNSCC cell lines were transfected with a mammalian expression vector with SCCA1 cDNA. In vitro proliferation, migration, or invasive potential (matrigel assay) of the transfectants were assayed. In addition, the in vivo growth and invasion was analyzed using the floor-of-mouth model of nude mice.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SCCA1 expression did not alter the in vitro growth rate of established HNSCC cells. However, SCCA1 expression significantly inhibited the in vitro invasion in matrigel assays. Furthermore, the in vivo growth and invasion in nude mice was also inhibited by SCCA1 expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Overexpression of SCCA1 in a HNSCC cell line inhibited its invasive potential. Loss of expression of the serpin SCCA1 may play a role in the malignant progression of HNSCC.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. nakatora@qent.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Torahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Ryuji
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yasumatsu
authors.forename: Yuichiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kuratomi
authors.forename: Muneyuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuwano
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toh
authors.forename: Toshiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Umezaki
authors.forename: Sule
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cataltepe
authors.forename: Gary A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Silverman
authors.forename: Shizuo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Komune
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002460:Cell Line; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000502:physiology*; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D015843:Serpins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D014162:Transfection; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015843:Serpins; C051072:squamous cell carcinoma-related antigen