Poly(ADP-ribose). The most elaborate metabolite of NAD+.
One of the most drastic post-translational modification of proteins in eukaryotic cells is poly(ADP-ribosyl)ation, catalysed by a family enzymes termed poly(ADP-ribose) polymerases (PARPs). In the human genome, 18 different genes have been identified that all encode PARP family members. Poly(ADP-ribose) metabolism plays a role in a wide range of biological structures and processes, including DNA repair and maintenance of genomic stability, transcriptional regulation, centromere function and mitotic spindle formation, centrosomal function, structure and function of vault particles, telomere dynamics, trafficking of endosomal vesicles, apoptosis and necrosis. In this article, the most recent advances in this rapidly growing field are summarized.
Bürkle
Alexander
A
Department of Biology, University of Konstanz, Germany. alexander.buerkle@uni-konstanz.de
D000818:Animals; D055614:Genetic Phenomena; D006801:Humans; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism*; D011064:Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational
D009243:NAD; D011064:Poly Adenosine Diphosphate Ribose; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases