title: HIV-1 infection is associated with altered innate pulmonary immunity.
abstract: We obtained bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid from 45 Malawian adults, to measure the concentrations of innate pulmonary immune factors that are important in lung defense against infection. Increased concentrations of the beta -chemokine RANTES were found in BAL fluid from the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1-infected subjects, compared with those in BAL fluid from the HIV-1-uninfected control subjects (mean, 86 pg/mL vs. 0 pg/mL; P<.001). Lysozyme concentrations were also elevated in the HIV-1-infected subjects, compared with those in the HIV-1-uninfected control subjects (1.9 mu g/mL vs. 1.1 mu g/mL; P=.03), but were not elevated in the HIV-1-infected subjects who had recently recovered from invasive pneumococcal disease. Concentrations of lactoferrin and secretory leukocyte protease inhibitor (SLPI) were not different when the subjects were compared by HIV-1 serostatus. Concentrations of RANTES (R2=0.68 and P<.0001) and SLPI (R2=0.29 and P=.001) correlated with BAL fluid HIV-1 load but not with plasma HIV-1 load.
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust Research and Department of Medicine, University of Malawi College of Medicine, Blantyre, Malawi. sbgordon@liverpool.ac.uk
authors.forename: Stephen B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: Edward N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Janoff
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sloper
authors.forename: Qibo
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Read
authors.forename: Eduard E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Zijlstra
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Finn
authors.forename: Malcolm E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Molyneux
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D016667:Bacterial Capsules / Q000276:immunology; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000276:immunology; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal; D008297:Male; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D018946:Chemokine CCL5