title: Proline residues of transmembrane domains determine the sorting of inner membrane proteins in mitochondria.
abstract: Most inner membrane proteins of mitochondria are synthesized in the cytosol and reach the inner membrane using one of two alternative sorting pathways. On the stop transfer route, proteins are arrested during import at the level of the inner membrane. The conservative sorting pathway involves translocation through the inner membrane and insertion from the matrix. It is unclear how the translocase of the inner membrane 23 protein translocation machinery differentiates between the two classes of proteins. Here we show that proline residues in hydrophobic stretches strongly disfavor the translocation arrest of transmembrane domains (TMDs) and favor the transfer of preproteins to the matrix. We propose that proline residues, together with the hydrophobicity of the TMD and the presence of charged residues COOH-terminally flanking the TMD, are determinants of the intramitochondrial sorting of inner membrane proteins.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Physiologische Chemie, Universität München, 81377 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meier
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Neupert
authors.forename: Johannes M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Herrmann
mesh_terms: D001345:Autoradiography; D015153:Blotting, Western; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000737:chemistry*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000378:metabolism*; D033681:Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011392:Proline / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D021381:Protein Transport; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development; D000637:Transaminases / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D033681:Mitochondrial Membrane Transport Proteins; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C090858:OXA1 protein; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D011392:Proline; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV; D000637:Transaminases; C018731:acetylornithine transaminase