title: [Treatment of Angle Class II division I malocclusion cases with Twin-block appliance combined with face bow and intermaxillary elastic: report of 17 cases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the clinical value of the Twin-block appliance combined with face bow and intermaxillary elastic on Class II division I malocclusion in 17 cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  17 cases with skeletal Class II(I) malocclusion were included, all cases were treated with Twin-block appliance combined with face bow and intermaxillary elastic. The methods of bite construction, fabrication of the application were introduced. Lateral cephalometric films were taken before and after treatment. Cephalometric analysis was conducted to evaluate the treatment effects. Student's t test was used to determine the effect on jaw growth before and after treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The treatment resulted in good outcomes: the neutral or mesial relations of the permanent first molars were reached, the deep overjet was reduced. The S-N-ss angle and the length of maxilla (ss/ref pl) were reduced (P<0.05, P<0.01). The pg/ref pl, co/ref pl+pg/ref pl and the S-N-sm angle had a significant increase (P<0.001). The convexity angle and s-N-sm angle had a significant change (P<0.001).The FMA angle had no change (P>0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Twin-block appliance combined with face bow and intermaxillary elastic was very effective on improving mandible growth and inhibiting maxilla growth, the sagittal relationship between the upper and lower jaws was more compatible, the profile was improved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Ninth People's Hospital, School of Stomatology, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai 200011, China. danghuinew@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gong
authors.forename: Yu-fen
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Qian
mesh_terms: D002508:Cephalometry; D006801:Humans; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy*; D008334:Mandible / Q000254:growth & development; D008437:Maxilla / Q000254:growth & development; D017289:Orthodontic Appliances, Functional; D016896:Treatment Outcome