title: Material balance and diet in bioregenerative life support systems: connection with coefficient of closure.
abstract: Bioregenerative life support systems (BLSS) with different coefficients of closure are considered. The 66.2% coefficient of closure achieved in "BIOS-3" facility experiments has been taken as a base value. The increase in coefficient of closure up to 72.6-93.0% is planned due to use of soil-like substrate (SLS) and concentrating of urine. Food values were estimated both in a base variant ("BIOS-3"), and with increases in the coefficient of closure. It is shown that food requirements will be more fully satisfied by internal crop production with an increase in the coefficient of closure of the BLSS. Changes of massflow rates on an 'input-output' and inside BLSS are considered. Equations of synthesis and degradation of organic substances in BLSS were examined using a stoichiometric model. The paper shows that at incomplete closure of BLSS containing SLS there is a problem of nitrogen balancing. To compensate for the removal of nitrogen from the system in urine and feces, it is necessary to introduce food and a nitrogen-containing additive.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics, Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Academgorodok, Krasnoyarsk, Russian Federation.
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Manukovsky
authors.forename: V S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Kovalev
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Somova
authors.forename: Yu L
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Gurevich
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Sadovsky
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D003470:Culture Media; D004032:Diet; D018504:Ecological Systems, Closed; D005243:Feces; D006801:Humans; D008021:Life Support Systems; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D010945:Plants, Edible / Q000254:growth & development; D014556:Urine; D018505:Waste Management / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D010940:Plant Proteins