title: The factorial structure of the schedule for the deficit syndrome in schizophrenia.
abstract: Deficit schizophrenia (DS) is considered a distinct subtype within the diagnosis of schizophrenia. While the common assumption is that DS represents a single, cohesive domain of psychopathology, the factorial structure of DS has not been investigated. We assessed 52 individuals with DSM-IV diagnoses of schizophrenia with DS. A principal component analysis (PCA) was conducted on the symptoms of the Schedule for the Deficit Syndrome. The PCA resulted in 2 distinct factors explaining 73.8% of the variance. Factor 1 (avolition) is made up of symptoms of curbing of interests, diminished sense of purpose, and diminished social drive. Factor 2 (emotional expression) is made up of symptoms of restricted affect, diminished emotional range, and poverty of speech. The results indicate that DS is best characterized by these 2 factors. The great majority of participants (86%) displayed DS symptoms from both factors. On average, participants had 4.19 (S.D. = 1.39) symptoms that were primary, enduring, and at least moderate in severity. The mean severity of symptoms was 2.25 (S.D. = 1.06). We discuss possible links between the obtained factors and putative neurobiological mechanisms, as well as directions for future research.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Box 2, Columbia University, 1051 Riverside Drive, New York, NY 10032, USA. dk553@columbia.edu
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kimhy
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yale
authors.forename: Raymond R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Goetz
authors.forename: Lynn Marcinko
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: McFarr
authors.forename: Dolores
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Malaspina
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D019260:Expressed Emotion; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007406:Interview, Psychological; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010296:Parietal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012919:Social Behavior; D014705:Verbal Behavior