title: A molecular map of mesenchymal tumors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bone and soft tissue tumors represent a diverse group of neoplasms thought to derive from cells of the mesenchyme or neural crest. Histological diagnosis is challenging due to the poor or heterogenous differentiation of many tumors, resulting in uncertainty over prognosis and appropriate therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We have undertaken a broad and comprehensive study of the gene expression profile of 96 tumors with representatives of all mesenchymal tissues, including several problem diagnostic groups. Using machine learning methods adapted to this problem we identify molecular fingerprints for most tumors, which are pathognomonic (decisive) and biologically revealing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrate the utility of gene expression profiles and machine learning for a complex clinical problem, and identify putative origins for certain mesenchymal tumors.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research UK, Viral Oncology Group, Wolfson Institute for Biomedical Research, Gower Street, University College London, London, WC1E 6BT, UK. s.henderson@ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Stephen R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Guiliano
authors.forename: Nadege
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Presneau
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McLean
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Frow
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vujovic
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sebire
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Whelan
authors.forename: Nick
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Athanasou
authors.forename: Adrienne M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Flanagan
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Boshoff
mesh_terms: D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D052138:Genes, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D018204:Neoplasms, Connective and Soft Tissue / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics*