title: Mapping of internal mammary vessels by multidetector computed tomography for parasternal transthoracic intervention guidance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure the distances between the internal mammary arteries (IMAs) and the sternum for determining a route for parasternal transthoracic interventions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Coronal reconstructed multidetector computed tomography images of 202 patients were evaluated to measure the distances between the IMAs and sternum at 3 levels (manubrium, midsternal corpus, and distal sternal corpus). The arrangements (2 veins-single artery or single vein-single artery) were documented.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most frequently encountered arrangement (42.1%) was a single vein and single artery on both sides. Mean distances on the right and left sides were 10.2 and 10.1 cm at the manubrium, 14.5 and 14.3 cm at the midsternal corpus, and 17.9 and 17.5 cm at distal sternal corpus, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To be aware of the courses of the IMAs at different sternal levels is important during attempts at transthoracic intervention via a parasternal approach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Istanbul University, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Istanbul, Turkey. memduhdursun@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Memduh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dursun
authors.forename: Ensar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Yekeler
authors.forename: Sabri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Hakan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Genchellac
authors.forename: Mehtap
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tunaci
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008875:Middle Aged; D013249:Sternum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D019616:Thoracic Surgical Procedures; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*