title: Predictive factors of local-regional recurrences following parotid sparing intensity modulated or 3D conformal radiotherapy for head and neck cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Predictive factors for local-regional (LR) failures after parotid-sparing, Intensity modulated (IMRT) or 3D conformal radiotherapy for head and neck (HN) cancers were assessed.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and fifty-eight patients with mostly stages III-IV HN squamous cell carcinoma underwent curative bilateral neck irradiation aimed at sparing the parotid glands. Patient, tumor, and treatment factors were analyzed as predictive factors for LR failure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-three patients had LR recurrence (19 in-field and four marginal). No differences were found in the doses delivered to the PTVs of patients with or without in-field recurrences. In univariate analysis, tumor site was highly predictive for LR failure in both postoperative and definitive RT patients. In postoperative RT patients, pathologic tumor size, margin status, extracapsular extension (ECE) and number of lymph node metastases, were also significantly predictive. Multivariate analysis showed tumor site (oropharynx vs. other sites) to be a significant predictor in all patients, and involved margins and number of involved lymph nodes in postoperative patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinical rather than dosimetric factors predicted for LR failures in this series, and were similar to those reported following standard RT. These factors may aid in the selection of patients for studies of treatment intensification using IMRT.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Siavash
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jabbari
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Carol R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Bradford
authors.forename: Douglas B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Chepeha
authors.forename: Theodoros N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Teknos
authors.forename: Francis P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Worden
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tsien
authors.forename: Matthew J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Schipper
authors.forename: Gregory T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Laura A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: Avraham
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Eisbruch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D020266:Radiotherapy, Conformal; D012307:Risk Factors