[Factors that affect the Hoffmann reflex as a tool used in neurophysiological examination].
BACKGROUND
The Hoffmann reflex, or H-reflex, which is the electrical equivalent of the myotatic reflex, is a very valuable tool for evaluating the reflex pathway and for investigating the mechanisms that regulate the intensity of its response. Yet, the complex interaction of the H-reflex circuit with other neural components requires a tight-fit recording protocol.


METHODS
In this paper we present a review of the main technical, physiological and methodological factors that affect the recording of the H-reflex when used as an instrument for neurophysiological exploration. The paper reviews aspects concerning the method of stimulation, recording and analysing the reflex response. The physiological mechanisms that interact to modulate the amplitude of the H-reflex, such as pre-synaptic inhibition, post-activation depression and the excitability of the motoneurons, are described and the different methods used to control the variations that arise in each case are also outlined. Lastly, a summary of the main points to be borne in mind when recording the H-reflex is presented.


CONCLUSIONS
Due to the large number of variables and the non-linear way they interact with one another, we must proceed with care when drawing conclusions from the discussion of the results obtained under such strict protocols. Progress also has to be made in the development and application of new mathematical, statistical and modelling tools in order to achieve a more accurate interpretation of the findings that are observed.
Cerrato
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Laboratorio de Ingeniería de Rehabilitación e Investigaciones Neuromusculares y Sensoriales, Facultad de Ingeniería, Bioingeniería, Universidad Nacional de Entre Ríos, Paraná, Argentina.
Bonell
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C
Tabernig
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C
D004576:Electromyography; D006181:H-Reflex / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D009482:Neurophysiology / Q000379:methods*; D011930:Reaction Time