title: Plasma cytokine changes in relation to exercise intensity and muscle damage.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of exercise intensity and exercise-induced muscle damage on changes in anti-inflammatory cytokines and other inflammatory mediators. Nine well-trained male runners completed three different exercise trials on separate occasions: (1) level treadmill running at 60% VO2max (moderate-intensity trial) for 60 min; (2) level treadmill running at 85% VO2max (high-intensity trial) for 60 min; (3) downhill treadmill running (-10% gradient) at 60% VO2max (downhill running trial) for 45 min. Blood was sampled before, immediately after and 1 h after exercise. Plasma was analyzed for interleukin-1 receptor antagonist (IL-1ra), IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-12p40, IL-13, monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), prostaglandin E(2), leukotriene B(4) and heat shock protein 70 (HSP70). The plasma concentrations of IL-1ra, IL-12p40, MCP-1 and HSP70 increased significantly (P<0.05) after all three trials. Plasma prostaglandin E(2) concentration increased significantly after the downhill running and high-intensity trials, while plasma IL-10 concentration increased significantly only after the high-intensity trial. IL-4 and leukotriene B(4) did not increase significantly after exercise. Plasma IL-1ra and IL-10 concentrations were significantly higher (P<0.05) after the high-intensity trial than after both the moderate-intensity and downhill running trials. Therefore, following exercise up to 1 h duration, exercise intensity appears to have a greater effect on anti-inflammatory cytokine production than exercise-induced muscle damage.
authors.affiliation: School of Human Sciences, and Consolidated Research Institute for Advanced Science and Medical Care, Waseda University, 2-579-15 Mikajima, Tokorozawa, Saitama, 359-1192, Japan. iac04127@kurenai.waseda.jp
authors.forename: Jonathan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Peake
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Matthew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hordern
authors.forename: Gary
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nosaka
authors.forename: Jeff S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Coombes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000097:blood; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000097:blood; D006801:Humans; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000097:blood; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000097:blood; D053762:Interleukin-12 Subunit p40; D007378:Interleukins / Q000097:blood; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000293:injuries*; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D016207:Cytokines; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; C500879:IL12B protein, human; C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D053762:Interleukin-12 Subunit p40; D007378:Interleukins; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12; D007975:Leukotriene B4; D015232:Dinoprostone