title: Impact of high-frequency stimulation parameters on the pattern of discharge of subthalamic neurons.
abstract: In clinical conditions, high-frequency stimulation (HFS) of subthalamic (STN) neurons in Parkinson's disease is empirically applied at > or =100 Hz (130-185 Hz), with pulses of short duration (60-100 micros) and 1- to 3-mA amplitude. Other parameter values produce no effect or aggravate the symptoms. To gain a better understanding of the mechanisms that underlie the therapeutic action of HFS, we have compared the effects of different combinations of parameter values delivered by clinical stimulators on the activity of STN neurons recorded in whole cell patch-clamp configuration in slices. We showed that none of tested combinations of parameters silenced the neurons. Non-therapeutic combinations i.e., low-frequency pulses (10-50 Hz), even at large amplitude or width, further excited the STN neurons with respect to their spontaneous activity. In contrast, combinations in the therapeutic range (80-185 Hz, 90-200 micros, 500-800 microA) replaced the preexisting activity by spikes, time-locked to the stimuli and thus presenting a striking regularity. When increasing pulse width or amplitude in this high-frequency range, the dual effect was still present but the activity generated became more irregular. We propose that during HFS at clinically relevant parameters, STN neurons behave as stable oscillators entirely driven by the stimulation, giving an average stable STN output that overrides spontaneous activity and introduces high-frequency regular spiking in the basal ganglia network.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Neurophysiologie, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique Unté Mixte de Recherche 5543, Université de Bordeaux 2, France.
authors.forename: Liliana
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Giampaolo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: D'Alessandro
authors.forename: Pierre-Olivier
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Fernagut
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bioulac
authors.forename: Constance
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hammond
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008433:Mathematics; D009474:Neurons / Q000528:radiation effects*; D018408:Patch-Clamp Techniques; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000528:radiation effects; D020531:Subthalamic Nucleus / Q000166:cytology*; D013997:Time Factors