title: Low amounts of trans 18:1 fatty acids elevate plasma triacylglycerols but not cholesterol and alter the cellular defence to oxidative stress in mice.
abstract: Trans fatty acids are found mainly in processed foods. It has been shown that when their intake is high, total cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol and triacylglycerols are elevated, while HDL-cholesterol decreases. To evaluate a possible effect of these compounds, even in low amounts, C57Bl/6J mice were fed for 7 weeks a diet containing 13.6 % energy as partially hydrogenated rapeseed oil-enriched diet (Trans diet). The Trans diet contained 3 % energy as trans 18:1 fatty acid (elaidic acid). Control mice were on an isologous diet containing native rapeseed oil (Rapeseed diet) in which trans fatty acids were undetectable. Total, free and HDL-cholesterol as well as reverse cholesterol transport did not change. However, plasma triacylglycerol and VLDL levels increased. Hepatic gene expression in the Trans v. Rapeseed diet were compared using quantitative RT-PCR. The Trans diet produced a 2-3-fold elevation in mRNA of fatty acid synthase and microsomal transfer protein mRNA, explaining (at least in part) the observed increase in triacylglycerols and VLDL. In addition, mice on the Trans diet developed a deficiency in plasma vitamin E accompanied by a higher concentration of F2-isoprostanes, indicative of increased oxidative stress. The 78 kDa glucose-related protein (GRP78) mRNA expression increased 3-4-fold in liver, suggesting that a response against apoptosis was provoked by lipid peroxidation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Biochimie et de Biologie Moléculaire, EA no 3670, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Bordeaux, Université Victor Ségalen Bordeaux 2, 146 rue Léo-Saignat, 33076 Bordeaux, France.
authors.forename: Nadège
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cassagno
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Palos-Pinto
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Costet
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Breilh
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Darmon
authors.forename: Annie M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bérard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes / Q000097:blood; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000235:genetics; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018832:Molecular Chaperones / Q000235:genetics; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009829:Oleic Acids; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D000091342:Endoplasmic Reticulum Chaperone BiP; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; C000717248:Hspa5 protein, mouse; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D018832:Molecular Chaperones; D009829:Oleic Acids; D014280:Triglycerides; C106092:microsomal triglyceride transfer protein; D014810:Vitamin E; D019301:Oleic Acid; C011459:elaidic acid; D002784:Cholesterol; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases