title: Diverse functions of spindle assembly checkpoint genes in Saccharomyces cerevisiae.
abstract: The spindle assembly checkpoint regulates the metaphase-to-anaphase transition from yeast to humans. We examined the genetic interactions with four spindle assembly checkpoint genes to identify nonessential genes involved in chromosome segregation, to identify the individual roles of the spindle assembly checkpoint genes within the checkpoint, and to reveal potential complexity that may exist. We used synthetic genetic array (SGA) analysis using spindle assembly checkpoint mutants mad1, mad2, mad3, and bub3. We found 228 synthetic interactions with the four spindle assembly checkpoint mutants with substantial overlap in the spectrum of interactions between mad1, mad2, and bub3. In contrast, there were many synthetic interactions that were common to mad1, mad2, and bub3 that were not shared by mad3. We found shared interactions between pairs of spindle assembly checkpoint mutants, suggesting additional complexity within the checkpoint and unique interactions for all of the spindle assembly checkpoint genes. We show that most genes in the interaction network, including ones with unique interactions, affect chromosome transmission or microtubule function, suggesting that the complexity of interactions reflects diverse roles for the checkpoint genes within the checkpoint. Our analysis expands our understanding of the spindle assembly checkpoint and identifies new candidate genes with possible roles in chromosome transmission and mitotic spindle function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Virginia Medical Center, Charlottesville, Virginia 22908, USA.
authors.forename: Jewel A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Daniel
authors.forename: Brice E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Keyes
authors.forename: Yvonne P Y
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: C Onyi
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Freeman
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Burke
mesh_terms: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020090:Chromosome Segregation; D015825:Chromosomes, Fungal / Q000502:physiology; D005656:Fungal Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal; D064246:Mad2 Proteins; D008870:Microtubules / Q000502:physiology; D008938:Mitosis; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008941:Spindle Apparatus / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D005656:Fungal Proteins; C501382:MAD1 protein, S cerevisiae; C577695:MAD2 protein, S cerevisiae; C406764:MAD3 protein, S cerevisiae; D064246:Mad2 Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D011494:Protein Kinases; C090464:Bub1 spindle checkpoint protein; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases