title: Photoselective potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser vaporization of the benign obstructive prostate: observations on long-term outcomes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We present long-term observations on photoselective vaporization of the prostate in a prospectively studied cohort of men with obstructive benign prostatic hyperplasia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Obstructive benign prostatic hyperplasia in 94 men was treated with transurethral near contact vaporization with potassium-titanyl-phosphate laser with the patient under general or spinal anesthesia. Baseline characteristics, perioperative data, postoperative outcomes and adverse events were recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean prostate volume was 45 ml (range 13 to 136). Mean lasing time was 47 minutes (range 10 to 99), and there was minimal blood loss and no evidence of fluid absorption. All 94 men were outpatients and all but 1 became catheter-free in less than 24 hours. Baseline mean American Urological Association symptom index score was 22, quality of life score 4.5, peak urinary flow rate 7.8 ml per second and post-void residual urine volume 197 ml. After surgery percentage changes from baseline in mean values of these parameters, reflecting significant (p <0.0001) improvement at 1, 2, 3 and 5 years, ranged from 83% to 88%, 86% to 90%, 170% to 252% and 76% to 89%, respectively. Complications were mild, and included transient dysuria (6%), delayed hematuria (3%), bladder neck contracture (2%) and 2-day retention (1%). No patient had incontinence or newly developed impotence, but up to 26% of the sexually active men experienced retrograde ejaculation. Postoperatively, low stage prostate cancer was detected in 5% of the patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  : Despite limitations our long-term experience and the literature suggest that significant improvements in symptomatic and urodynamic outcomes of photo-selective vaporization of the prostate are achievable and sustainable.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Reza S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Malek
authors.forename: Randall S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Kuntzman
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Barrett
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003558:Cystoscopy; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010710:Phosphates; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D014025:Titanium; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014563:Urodynamics
chemical_list: D010710:Phosphates; C064806:potassium titanylphosphate; D014025:Titanium; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen