Monoclonal antibody therapy of cancer.
The most significant recent advances in the application of monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) to oncology have been the introduction and approval of bevacizumab (Avastin), an anti-vascular endothelial growth factor antibody, and of cetuximab (Erbitux), an anti-epidermal growth factor antibody. In combination with standard chemotherapy regimens, bevacizumab significantly prolongs the survival of patients with metastatic cancers of the colorectum, breast and lung. Cetuximab, used alone or with salvage chemotherapy, produces clinically meaningful anti-tumor responses in patients with chemotherapy-refractory cancers of the colon and rectum. In addition, the anti-HER2/neu antibody trastuzumab (Herceptin), in combination with standard adjuvant chemotherapy, has been shown to reduce relapses and prolong disease-free and overall survival in high-risk patients after definitive local therapy for breast cancer. These exciting recent results provide optimism for the development of mAbs that bind novel targets, exploit novel mechanisms of action or possess improved tumor targeting. Progress in the clinical use of radioimmunoconjugates remains hindered by complexity of administration, toxicity concerns and insufficiently selective tumor targeting.
Adams
Gregory P
GP
Department of Medical Oncology, Fox Chase Cancer Center, 333 Cottman Avenue, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19111, USA.
Weiner
Louis M
LM
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D001665:Binding Sites; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy; D000068818:Cetuximab; D003165:Complement System Proteins; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000737:chemistry; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D008024:Ligands; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy; D008954:Models, Biological; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D016499:Radioimmunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D015398:Signal Transduction
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061067:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized; D005353:Fibronectins; D006133:Growth Substances; D008024:Ligands; D000068258:Bevacizumab; D003165:Complement System Proteins; D000068818:Cetuximab