title: Differential effects of COX inhibitors against beta-amyloid-induced neurotoxicity in human neuroblastoma cells.
abstract: Retrospective epidemiological studies have suggested that chronic treatment with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) provides some degree of protection from Alzheimer's disease (AD). Although most NSAIDs inhibit the activity of cyclooxygenase (COX), the rate-limiting enzyme in the production of prostanoids from arachidonic acid (AA), the precise mechanism through which NSAIDs act upon AD pathology remains to be elucidated. Classical NSAIDs like indomethacin inhibit both the constitutive COX-1 and the inducible COX-2 enzymes. In the present work, we characterize the protective effect of the indomethacin on the neurotoxicity elicited by amyloid-beta protein (A beta, fragments 25-35 and 1-42) alone or in combination with AA added exogenously as well as its effects on COX-2 expression. We also compared the neuroprotective effects of indomethacin with the selective COX-1, COX-2 and 5-LOX inhibitors, SC-560, NS-398 and NDGA, respectively. Our results show that indomethacin protected from A beta and AA toxicity in naive and differentiated human neuroblastoma cells with more potency than SC-560 while, NS-398 only protected neurons from AA-mediated toxicity. Present results suggest that A beta toxicity can be reversed more efficiently by the non-selective COX inhibitor indomethacin suggesting its role in modulating the signal transduction pathway involved in the mechanism of A beta neurotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biología Celular y Fisiología, Instituto de Investigaciones Biomédicas, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, AP 70-228, 04510 México, DF, México.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ferrera
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arias
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity; D001094:Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase / Q000378:metabolism; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D009447:Neuroblastoma / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009578:Nitrobenzenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D016861:Cyclooxygenase Inhibitors; D016859:Lipoxygenase Inhibitors; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D009578:Nitrobenzenes; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011720:Pyrazoles; C115461:SC 560; D013449:Sulfonamides; C075222:amyloid beta-protein (1-42); C074636:amyloid beta-protein (25-35); C080955:N-(2-cyclohexyloxy-4-nitrophenyl)methanesulfonamide; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D001094:Arachidonate 5-Lipoxygenase; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D007213:Indomethacin