title: Semiquantitative 67Ga scintigraphy as an indicator of response to and prognosis after corticosteroid treatment in idiopathic interstitial pneumonia.
abstract: The prognosis in some forms of idiopathic interstitial pneumonia (IIP), especially idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) and fibrotic nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP), is still poor. A minority of patients will respond to immunosuppressive treatment. In patients with IPF or fibrotic NSIP, pulmonary (67)Ga scintigraphy may be useful for predicting response to therapy and prognosis. The objective of the present study was to evaluate whether semiquantitative (67)Ga scintigraphy can be used to predict responsiveness to therapy with high-dose corticosteroids in a well-defined population of patients with IIP (IPF and fibrotic NSIP).
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was performed in a tertiary referral center. We prospectively performed (67)Ga scintigraphy in 23 consecutive patients previously diagnosed with IIP (IPF and fibrotic NSIP) before and after treatment with 3 monthly courses of high-dose methylprednisolone. Lung function tests and bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) were performed before and after these 3 courses, and patients were monitored for 1 y after the start of the treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During follow-up, 5 patients died, none during the first 3 mo. Although pulmonary (67)Ga uptake significantly decreased after treatment (P = 0.001), there was no correlation between either initial (67)Ga uptake or change in (67)Ga uptake on treatment and 1-y prognosis. This finding was independent of prior immunosuppressive treatment, diagnosis of IPF or NSIP, or whether initial (67)Ga uptake was elevated or not. BAL cellularity was correlated with neither pulmonary (67)Ga uptake nor response to treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pulmonary (67)Ga uptake cannot be used to predict response to corticosteroid treatment or prognosis in patients with IIP. Apparently, the (inflammatory) process influenced by treatment with methylprednisolone does not determine the progression of disease. This finding supports the hypothesis that although inflammation is present in IPF and fibrotic NSIP, it is neither the hallmark of the disease nor the major factor determining prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Academic Medical Center, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Grijm
authors.forename: Hein J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Verberne
authors.forename: Frans H
authors.initials: FH
authors.lastname: Krouwels
authors.forename: Frank R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Weller
authors.forename: Henk M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Jansen
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bresser
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005708:Gallium; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008297:Male; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011658:Pulmonary Fibrosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; C034163:gallium chloride; D005708:Gallium; D008775:Methylprednisolone