title: Hemangiomas of infancy: treatment of ulceration in the head and neck.
abstract: Ulceration is a common complication of hemangiomas of infancy and presents a therapeutic dilemma for the head and neck-facial plastic surgeon. Multiple therapies are available, further complicating treatment of patients. We review the common characteristics of ulcerated hemangiomas and discuss the treatment modalities available. We present case reports to illustrate management options and a stepwise algorithm for treatment of ulcerated hemangiomas.
authors.affiliation: Otolaryngology Service, Madigan Army Medical Center, Tacoma, Wash, USA.
authors.forename: Roy F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Robin L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Hornung
authors.forename: Scott C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Manning
authors.forename: Jonathan A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Perkins
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005153:Facial Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use; D028022:Low-Level Light Therapy / Q000379:methods; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012883:Skin Ulcer / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins