title: Effects of glutathione S-transferase M1, T1 and P1 on lung function in asthmatic families.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous data have suggested that glutathione-S-transferase (GST) genotypes are important in determining the rate of lung function growth in childhood. This effect was most marked in Caucasian children with asthma.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the association of lung function with GSTM1, GSTP1 and GSTT1 genotypes in Caucasian families with asthma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four hundred and eighteen children and 316 parents from 224 Caucasian families were recruited via a child with asthma, the proband. Associations between lung function and GST genotype were determined using multilevel models.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no observed associations between lung function and GST genotype in parents. However, in the children, the GSTP1 val(105)/val(105) and GSTM1 null genotypes were associated with significantly higher forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV(1)) and FVC values as percentage of predicted. This effect was not statistically significant in the probands but was marked in their siblings in whom GSTP1 val(105)/val(105) was associated with 9.4% higher FEV(1) and 10.7% higher FVC (P=0.005 and 0.001, respectively). The GSTM1 null genotype was associated with a 6.7% higher FEV(1) and 4.1% higher FVC (P=0.003 and 0.063, respectively). These effects remained significant after correcting for the confounders of individual atopic status, tobacco smoke exposure and familial aggregation of lung function values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GSTM1 and GSTP1 genotypes are important determinants of lung function in childhood. The smaller differences seen in probands are predicted by a simple model in which more rapid decline in lung function is seen in these individuals.
authors.affiliation: Academic Department of Paediatrics, The University Hospital of North Staffordshire, UK.
authors.forename: W D
authors.initials: WD
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lenney
authors.forename: P W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: R C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Strange
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Child
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Whyte
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Primhak
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Fryer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001249:Asthma / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D004739:England; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D005838:Genotype; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006720:Homozygote; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000235:genetics*; D016014:Linear Models; D008168:Lung / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010290:Parents; D035781:Siblings; D014797:Vital Capacity; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D005982:Glutathione Transferase; D007527:Isoenzymes; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1