title: Urea biosensors based on PVC membrane containing palmitic acid.
abstract: A new urea biosensor was prepared by immobilizing urease with four different procedures on poly(vinylchloride) (PVC) ammonium membrane electrode containing palmitic acid by using nonactine as an ammonium-ionophore. The analytical characteristics were investigated and were compared those of the biosensor prepared by using carboxylated PVC. The effect of pH, buffer concentration, temperature, urease concentration, stirring rate and enzyme immobilization procedures on the response to urea of the enzyme electrode were investigated. The linear working range and sensitivity of the biosensor were also determined. The urea biosensor prepared by using the PVC membranes containing palmitic acid showed more effective performance than those of the carboxylated PVC based biosensors. Additionally, urea assay in serum was successfully carried out by using the standard addition method.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Ankara University, 06100, Beşevler-Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Emine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Karakuş
authors.forename: Sule
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pekyardimci
authors.forename: Kiliç
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Esma
mesh_terms: D015374:Biosensing Techniques / Q000379:methods; D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D018942:Macrolides / Q000737:chemistry; D019308:Palmitic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride / Q000737:chemistry*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014508:Urea / Q000097:blood*; D014510:Urease / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004800:Enzymes, Immobilized; D018942:Macrolides; D019308:Palmitic Acid; D014508:Urea; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride; D014510:Urease; C050476:nonactin