title: Long-term outcome in neuromuscular scoliosis fused only to lumbar 5.
abstract: METHODS
  Outcomes are retrospectively compared for patients with neuromuscular scoliosis after instrumented surgery and fusion to the pelvis versus lumbar 5 fusion alone.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare outcomes for patients with neuromuscular scoliosis for correction of scoliosis, lumbar 5 tilt, and pelvic obliquity after instrumented surgery and pelvic fusion, and by fusion only to lumbar 5.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Correction of scoliosis and pelvic obliquity in neuromuscular disease using spinal instrumentation is an accepted surgical procedure. Controversy remains concerning the caudal extent of fusion and instrumentation to lumbar 5 or to the sacrum.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with progressive neuromuscular scoliosis underwent spinal fusion with segmental instrumentation using a U-rod terminating in pedicle screw fixation at L5. Similar patients underwent spinal fusion with a unit rod and sacral fusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 1998 to 2002, 55 patients with neuromuscular scoliosis underwent instrumentation and L5 fusion with the U-rod or to the sacrum with the unit rod. Initial and long-term corrections of scoliosis and pelvic obliquity were similar in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Instrumentation and fusion to L5 is a less technically difficult procedure, requires less surgical time, has decreased blood loss, and less risk of infection compared to instrumented pelvic fusion. Postoperative and long-term follow-up indicates that L5 fusion can correct scoliosis and pelvic obliquity, comparable to results of sacrum fusion.
authors.affiliation: The Shriners Hospitals for Children, Shreveport, LA 71103, USA. rmccall@shrinenet.org
authors.forename: Richard E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: McCall
authors.forename: Beth
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hayes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical; D001858:Bone Nails; D001863:Bone Screws; D002547:Cerebral Palsy / Q000150:complications*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016268:Internal Fixators; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D009468:Neuromuscular Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D010384:Pelvic Bones / Q000601:surgery; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012447:Sacrum / Q000601:surgery; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery*; D013123:Spinal Fusion; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome