title: Pharmacokinetic-pharmacodynamic modeling of the hydroxy lerisetron metabolite L6-OH in rats: an integrated parent-metabolite model.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The twofold aim of this study was to characterize in vivo in rats the pharmacokinetics (PK) and pharmacodynamics (PD) of L6-OH, a metabolite of lerisetron with in vitro pharmacological activity, and evaluate the extent to which L6-OH contributes to the overall effect.
  
  
  METHODS
  The PK of L6-OH was determined directly postmetabolite i.v. dose (PK-1), and also simultaneously for L (lerisetron concentration) and for generated L6-OH after lerisetron dose (200 microg kg(-1), i.v.), using Nonlinear Mixed Effects Modeling with an integrated parent-metabolite PK model (PK-2). Surrogate effect was measured by inhibition of serotonin-induced bradycardia. Protein binding was assayed via ultrafiltration and all quantification was performed via liquid chromatography-electrospray ionization-mass spectrometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  L6-OH showed elevated plasma and renal clearances, and volume of distribution (PK-1). The in vivo potency (PD) of L6-OH was high (EC(50) = 0.098 ng mL(-1) and EC(50unbound) = 0.040 ng mL(-1)). Total clearance for L (PK-2) in the presence of generated L6-OH (CL(L) = CL(-->L6-OH) + CL(n)) was 0.0139 L min(-1). Most of this clearance was L6-OH formation (F(c) = 99.6%), but only an 8.6% fraction of L6-OH was released into the bloodstream. The remainder undergoes biliar and fecal elimination. The parameters estimated from PK-2 were used to predict concentrations of L6-OH (Cp(L6)) generated after a lerisetron therapeutic dose (10 microg kg(-1)) in the rat. These concentrations are needed for the PD model and are below the quantification limit. Cp(L6max) was less than the EC(50) of L6-OH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that after lerisetron administration, L6-OH is extensively formed in the rat but it is quickly eliminated; therefore, besides being equipotent with the parent drug, the L6-OH metabolite does not influence the effect of lerisetron.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of the Basque Country, Leioa, Vizcaya, Spain.
authors.forename: Fátima
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ortega
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Quintana
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Suárez
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lukas
authors.forename: Nerea
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jauregizar
authors.forename: Leire
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: de la Fuente
authors.forename: Maria Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Lucero
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gonzalo
authors.forename: Aurelio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Orjales
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Calvo
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006900:Hydroxylation; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D010880:Piperidines / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001562:Benzimidazoles; D010880:Piperidines; D012702:Serotonin Antagonists; C115094:lerisetron