title: Heptemerones A-G, seven novel diterpenoids from Coprinus heptemerus: producing organism, fermentation, isolation and biological activities.
abstract: Seven novel diterpenoids, named heptemerones A-G, were isolated from the broth of submerged cultures of Coprinus heptemerus, a basidiomycete which previously had not been known to produce secondary metabolites. The compounds were purified by solid phase extraction and silica gel chromatography followed by preparative HPLC. Among the biological activities the inhibition of fungal germination was the most potent, and depended highly on the composition of the assay medium. In water, inhibition occurred at 5 - 10 fold lower concentrations as compared to complex media. Heptemerone G was the most active compound with MICs starting at 1 microg/ml. Four of the antifungal compounds exhibited plant protective activity in a leaf segment assay using Magnaporthe grisea as the pathogen. Growth of yeasts and bacteria was hardly affected. Cytotoxic activities were moderate and only heptemerone D was phytotoxic.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biotechnology and Drug Research (IBWF), Erwin-Schrödinger-Strasse 56, D-67663 Kaiserslautern, Germany.
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kettering
authors.forename: Carola
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Valdivia
authors.forename: Olov
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sterner
authors.forename: Heidrun
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Anke
authors.forename: Eckhard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Thines
mesh_terms: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D055598:Chemical Phenomena; D002627:Chemistry, Physical; D003302:Coprinus / Q000378:metabolism*; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005285:Fermentation; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects; D006540:Herbicides / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D029686:Lepidium; D020082:Magnaporthe / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D012275:Oryza
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004224:Diterpenes; D006540:Herbicides