title: Bone ultrasonometric features and growth hormone secretion in asthmatic patients during chronic inhaled corticosteroid therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Quantitative ultrasound bone densitometry (QUBD) is a new method to assess bone mineral density and bone microarchitecture. Corticosteroid (CS) therapy may diminish bone mass, alter bone quality and may influence growth hormone (GH) secretion and bone metabolism markers. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of long-term therapy with inhaled CSs (ICSs) on structural bone characteristics and their correlations with GH secretion and bone markers in asthmatic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a cross-sectional study, we enrolled 60 adult patients with mild to moderate persistent asthma: 22 on chronic (>1 year) ICS therapy, 10 naive to ICSs treatment and 28 healthy control subjects. The groups were matched for age and BMI. Each subject underwent to QUBD at the phalanxes to assess bone microarchitecture by ultrasound bone profile index (UBPI), bone density by amplitude-dependent speed of sound (AdSos); test with GH-releasing hormone (GHRH) injection with calculation of peak GH and the Delta GH (peak GH-basal GH); and hormonal and bone markers measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Asthmatics treated with long-term ICS therapy showed a lower UBPI (P < 0.01) compared to controls (49.8 +/- 19.3 vs. 77.0 +/- 10.1, respectively) and to asthmatics never taking ICSs (73.2 +/- 9.6). In ICS-treated asthmatics, DeltaGH and GH-peak showed a significant correlation with UBPI. A significant difference was observed comparing asthmatics treated with ICSs to controls and asthmatics naive to ICSs in GH response to GHRH iv bolus. Serum osteocalcin was significantly reduced in asthmatic patients treated with ICSs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In asthmatic patients, long-term ICSs treatment produces negative effects on bone quality assessed by QUBD, and such effects are associated to an impaired GH secretion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Brescia, 1 Divisione di Medicina, Spedali Civili, Pzza Spedali Civili 1, 25100 Brescia, Italy. malerba@master.cci.unibs.it
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malerba
authors.forename: Simonetta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bossoni
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Radaeli
authors.forename: Erica
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Romanelli
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tantucci
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giustina
authors.forename: Vittorio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Grassi
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000328:Adult; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001249:Asthma / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015519:Bone Density / Q000187:drug effects; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000187:drug effects; D019819:Budesonide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008134:Long-Term Care; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014465:Ultrasonics
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents; D015675:Osteocalcin; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D019819:Budesonide; D013007:Growth Hormone-Releasing Hormone