title: Consensus paper of the WFSBP Task Force on Biological Markers of Dementia: the role of CSF and blood analysis in the early and differential diagnosis of dementia.
abstract: Aging of population, and increasing life expectancy result in an increasing number of patients with dementia. This symptom can be a part of a completely curable disease of the central nervous system (e.g, neuroinflammation), or a disease currently considered irreversible (e.g, Alzheimer's disease, AD). In the latter case, several potentially successful treatment approaches are being tested now, demanding reasonable standards of pre-mortem diagnosis. Cerebrospinal fluid and serum analysis (CSF/serum analysis), whereas routinely performed in neuroinflammatory diseases, still requires standardization to be used as an aid to the clinically based diagnosis of AD. Several AD-related CSF parameters (total tau, phosphorylated forms of tau, Abeta peptides, ApoE genotype, p97, etc.) tested separately or in a combination provide sensitivity and specificity in the range of 85%, the figure commonly expected from a good diagnostic tool. In this review, recently published reports regarding progress in neurochemical pre-mortem diagnosis of dementias are discussed with a focus on an early and differential diagnosis of AD. Novel perspectives offered by recently introduced technologies, e.g, fluorescence correlation spectroscopy (FCS) and surface enhanced laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (SELDI-TOF MS) are briefly discussed.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Neurobiology Lab, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Schwabachanlage 6, 91054 Erlangen, Germany. jens.wiltfang@psych.imed.uni-erlangen.de
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wiltfang
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lewczuk
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Riederer
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Grünblatt
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hock
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Scheltens
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hampel
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Vanderstichele
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iqbal
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Galasko
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lannfelt
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Otto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Esselmann
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Henkel
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kornhuber
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Blennow
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000235:genetics; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D032921:Consensus; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015151:Immunoblotting; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D013997:Time Factors; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
chemical_list: D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D015415:Biomarkers; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D016875:tau Proteins