title: Long-term outcome of different types of 1-stage hypospadias repair.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated the outcome of postpubertal patients who underwent 1-stage hypospadias repair before onset of puberty with at least 10 years of followup.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 2,053 patients underwent surgical repair of hypospadias between January 1981 and May 2004 at our hospital. We evaluated patients who are now at least 18 years old and who underwent 1-stage hypospadias repair. Data were collected in regard to familial incidence, age at operation, operative technique, complications and followup of at least 10 years. Evaluation was subdivided based on operative procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 126 patients were included in the study. The familial incidence was 7.9% of cases and an associated undescended testis was seen in 9.5%. There were 62 cases with no complications. At least 1 complication was seen in 64 cases, including infection in 3, tissue necrosis in the operative area in 3, wound dehiscence in 6, fistula in 29, meatal stenosis in 15, urethral stenosis in 10, cosmetic dissatisfaction in 16 and other in 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Even in the hands of the experienced pediatric urologists the complication rate after hypospadias repair remains high, with an average of 54% at long-term followup. Our results clearly showed that additional complications can present after long-term followup (a first complication can present after more than 5 years with the longest interval being 14 years). Therefore, final outcome of hypospadias surgery can only be evaluated once the patient has reached adulthood. The results seem to depend on the severity of the abnormality, reflected in the complication distribution rather than operative technique.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Urology Centre, Department of Urology, University Medical Centre Nijmegen, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. J.E.Nuininga@uro.umcn.nl
authors.forename: Jody E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Nuininga
authors.forename: Robert P E
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: DE Gier
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Verschuren
authors.forename: Wout F J
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Feitz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male / Q000379:methods*