title: Global quality criteria, standards, and indicators for doctoral programs in nursing; literature review and guideline development.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nursing profession has intensified education and training of nurse researchers who could enhance the health of people through the discovery and dissemination of knowledge. This resulted in rapid increase in the number of doctoral programs in nursing in many countries in recent decades, but the guidelines for quality programs are lacking.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To develop guidelines for quality criteria, standards, and indicators for doctoral programs in nursing that may be used worldwide.
  
  
  METHODS
  The work of the quality criteria, standards and indicators (QCSI) committee of the International Network for Doctoral Education in Nursing formed the basis of this paper and authors supplemented it by a literature review and consultation with international experts.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The major criteria of quality of doctoral program were: the nature of the mission, the quality of faculty, the students, the curriculum, program administration, and resources. Sub-criteria, standards and indicators for each of these criteria were identified in sufficient detail to provide guidance for quality doctoral programs in nursing. Concerns as to whether the QCSI would apply to those countries and doctoral programs that focus on a research thesis only, without formal coursework were addressed. Experts from across the world felt that the QCSI would be applicable for most program types.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Global criteria, standards, and indicators for doctoral programs in nursing presented in this article may serve as guidelines for most doctoral programs in the world as these were developed by experienced nurse scholars representing eight countries from five continents. The degree of detail in these parameters is sufficient to enhance the utility of the QCSI for all doctoral programs worldwide.
authors.affiliation: University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Nursing, 845 S. Damen Ave. #1156, Chicago, IL, USA. mjkuic@uic.edu
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hugh P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: McKenna
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ketefian
mesh_terms: D004212:Academic Dissertations as Topic; D001938:Brazil; D002170:Canada; D003479:Curriculum / Q000592:standards*; D003659:Decision Making, Organizational; D004511:Education, Nursing, Graduate / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005181:Faculty, Nursing / Q000458:organization & administration; D006040:Goals; D017408:Guidelines as Topic / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007390:International Agencies / Q000458:organization & administration; D007391:International Cooperation; D017145:Models, Educational; D015402:Nursing Education Research; D009937:Organizational Objectives; D010687:Philosophy, Nursing; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012570:School Admission Criteria; D012956:Societies, Nursing / Q000458:organization & administration; D006113:United Kingdom; D014481:United States