Anterior pituitary hormone abnormalities following traumatic brain injury.
Traumatic brain injury (TBI) leads to approximately 100 hospitalizations per 100,000/year. Whereas diabetes insipidus is a well-known complication of TBI, anterior hypopituitarism as a consequence of TBI has been regarded as rare. More recent studies, however, suggest a prevalence of at least 30% of anterior pituitary dysfunction after TBI. Clinical signs of anterior hypopituitarism are often subtle and may be masked by sequalae of TBI. Therefore, post-traumatic anterior pituitary dysfunction may remain undiagnosed and, possibly, aggravate symptoms of brain injury. Moreover it may, if undiagnosed, lead to potentially fatal endocrine crises. This review updates clinical researchers, physicians, and other healthcare providers on the relationship between TBI and subsequent anterior pituitary insufficiency.
Schneider
Manfred
M
Internal Medicine/Endocrinology and Clinical Chemistry, Max Planck Institute of Psychiatry, Munich, Germany.
Schneider
Harald Jörn
HJ
Stalla
Günter Karl
GK
D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D007018:Hypopituitarism / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010908:Pituitary Hormones, Anterior / Q000172:deficiency*
D010908:Pituitary Hormones, Anterior