title: Effects of anaesthesia using endotracheal intubation or the laryngeal mask airway, or spinal anaesthesia, on oral mucosal host defences during minor surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Oral mucosal host defences are altered after anaesthesia and surgery. The effects of endotracheal intubation (ET) and the use of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) on oral mucosal host defences after minor surgery were compared.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunological (immunoglobulin A (IgA), IgG and IgM) and non-immunological (myeloperoxidase, total peroxidase, thiocyanate) oral host defence factors, and amylase and protein concentrations, were measured from saliva pre-operatively and on the first post-operative day in 60 ASA I-II patients undergoing minor surgery. The patients underwent general anaesthesia using oral ET or LMA. Spinal anaesthesia (S) was used as control. Serum IgG, IgM and IgA concentrations were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Protein-related salivary secretion of amylase and salivary concentration of IgM showed the only statistically significant overall differences between the groups. By contrast, changes were observed within the ET group in the salivary flow rate, protein concentration, amylase activity and immunological host defence factors. Some changes were also observed in the LMA group, but none in the S group. Most non-immunological test values did not change within any of the groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ET and LMA induced similar oral mucosal host defence responses. There were, however, observations in this study that indicated a stronger response during ET than when LMA was used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Satakunta Central Hospital, Pori, Finland. Merja.Lahteenmaki@satshp.fi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lähteenmäki
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tenovuo
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Vahlberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000681:Amylases / Q000378:metabolism; D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000502:physiology*; D007070:Immunoglobulin A / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017214:Laryngeal Masks / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000276:immunology*; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides / Q000737:chemistry; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013861:Thiocyanates / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007070:Immunoglobulin A; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides; D013861:Thiocyanates; D010544:Peroxidases; D009195:Peroxidase; D000681:Amylases