title: Noninvasive quantification of regional ventricular function in rats: assessment of serial change and spatial distribution using ultrasound strain analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The optimal method for quantitative assessment of regional ventricular function in rats remains unclear. The goal of this study was to investigate the use of ultrasonic strain rate (SR) and strain analysis in evaluating the serial change and spatial distribution of regional contractile function in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  In all, 22 anesthetized rats underwent incremental dobutamine infusion (protocol 1) for assessment of serial change or underwent coronary ligation (protocol 2) for assessment of spatial distribution. For protocol 1, the serial change of systolic SR and strain during dobutamine was measured in the posterior myocardium on the short-axis view, and the systolic strain was compared with the percent change in wall thickening. For protocol 2, the spatial distribution of strain profile was analyzed in normal, peripheral ischemic, and central ischemic regions that were identified by myocardial contrast echocardiography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In protocol 1, the incremental dobutamine infusion resulted in a gradual increase in peak systolic SR. In contrast, peak systolic strain increased with low-dose dobutamine but tended to decrease for higher doses of dobutamine. Further, the serial change of peak systolic strain corresponded to changes in percent change in wall thickening, but the strain values were always lower than percent change in wall thickening. In protocol 2, the strain profile indicated postsystolic thickening in the peripheral ischemic region and indicated systolic wall thinning in the central ischemic region.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ultrasonic determination of SR and strain is an accurate and noninvasive method of quantitation of the serial change and spatial distribution of regional contractile function in rats.
authors.affiliation: Division of Functional Diagnostic Science, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Osaka, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirano
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asanuma
authors.forename: Ryoko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Azakami
authors.forename: Kohei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okuda
authors.forename: Fuminobu
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ishikura
authors.forename: Shintaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Beppu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology