title: Organization of common synaptic drive to motoneurones during fictive locomotion in the spinal cat.
abstract: The basic locomotor rhythm in the cat is generated by a neuronal network in the spinal cord. The exact organization of this network and its drive to the spinal motoneurones is unknown. The purpose of the present study was to use time (cumulant density) and frequency domain (coherence) analysis to examine the organization of the last order drive to motoneurones during fictive locomotion (evoked by application of nialamide and dihydroxyphenylalanine (DOPA)) in the spinal cat. In all cats, narrow central synchronization peaks (half-width < 3 ms) were observed in cumulants estimated between electroneurograms (ENGs) of close synergists, but not between nerves belonging to muscles acting on different joints or to antagonistic muscles. Coherence was not observed at frequencies above 100 Hz and was mainly observed between synergists. Intracellular recording was obtained from a population of 70 lumbar motoneurones. Significant short-term synchronization was observed between the individual intracellular recordings and the ENGs recorded from nerves of the same pool and of close synergists. Recordings from 34 pairs of motoneurones (10 pairs belonged to the same motor pool, 11 pairs to close synergists and 13 pairs to antagonistic pools) failed to reveal any short-lasting synchronization. These data demonstrate that short-term synchronization during fictive locomotion is relatively weak and is restricted to close synergists. In addition, coherence analysis failed to identify any specific rhythmic component in the locomotor drive that could be associated with this synchronization. These results resemble findings obtained during human treadmill walking and imply that the spinal interneurones participating in the generation of the locomotor rhythm are themselves weakly synchronized. The restricted synchronization within the locomotor drive to motoneuronal pools may be a feature of the locomotor generating networks that is related to the ability of these networks to produce highly adaptive patterns of muscle activity during locomotion.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neurophysiology, Department of Medical Physiology, The Panum Institute, Copenhagen University, Denmark. j.b.nielsen@mfi.ku.dk
authors.forename: J B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Nielsen
authors.forename: B A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Conway
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Halliday
authors.forename: M-C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Perreault
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hultborn
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001683:Biological Clocks / Q000502:physiology*; D002415:Cats; D003655:Decerebrate State / Q000503:physiopathology; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000502:physiology; D008124:Locomotion / Q000502:physiology*; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation* / Q000502:physiology*; D004856:Postural Balance / Q000502:physiology*; D009435:Synaptic Transmission / Q000502:physiology*