title: P(1B)-ATPases--an ancient family of transition metal pumps with diverse functions in plants.
abstract: P(1B)-ATPases form a distinct evolutionary sub-family of P-type ATPases, transporting transition metals such as Cu, Zn, Cd, Pb and Co across membranes in a wide range of organisms, including plants. Structurally they are distinct from other P-types, possessing eight transmembrane helices, a CPx/SPC motif in transmembrane domain six, and putative transition metal-binding domains at the N- and/or C-termini. Arabidopsis has eight P(1B)-ATPases (AtHMA1-AtHMA8), which differ in their structure, function and regulation. They perform a variety of important physiological tasks relating to transition metal transport and homeostasis. The crucial roles of plant P(1B)-ATPases in micronutrient nutrition, delivery of essential metals to target proteins, and toxic metal detoxification are discussed.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, University of Southampton, Southampton, UK SO16 7PX. lew@soton.ac.uk
authors.forename: Lorraine E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Rebecca F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Mills
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D008670:Metals / Q000378:metabolism*; D010944:Plants / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008670:Metals; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases