title: Light therapy for seasonal affective disorder with blue narrow-band light-emitting diodes (LEDs).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  While light has proven an effective treatment for Seasonal Affective Disorder (SAD), an optimal wavelength combination has not been determined. Short wavelength light (blue) has demonstrated potency as a stimulus for acute melatonin suppression and circadian phase shifting.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study tested the efficacy of short wavelength light therapy for SAD. Blue light emitting diode (LED) units produced 468 nm light at 607 microW/cm2 (27 nm half-peak bandwidth); dim red LED units provided 654 nm at 34 microW/cm2 (21 nm half-peak bandwidth). Patients with major depression with a seasonal pattern, a score of > or =20 on the Structured Interview Guide for the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-SAD version (SIGH-SAD) and normal sleeping patterns (routine bedtimes between 10:00 pm and midnight) received 45 minutes of morning light treatment daily for 3 weeks. Twenty-four patients completed treatment following random assignment of condition (blue vs. red light). The SIGH-SAD was administered weekly.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mixed-effects analyses of covariance determined that the short wavelength light treatment decreased SIGH-SAD scores significantly more than the dimmer red light condition (F = 6.45, p = .019 for average over the post-treatment times).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Narrow bandwidth blue light at 607 microW/cm2 outperforms dimmer red light in reversing symptoms of major depression with a seasonal pattern.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
authors.forename: Gena
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Glickman
authors.forename: Brenda
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Byrne
authors.forename: Carissa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pineda
authors.forename: Walter W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Hauck
authors.forename: George C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Brainard
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D003116:Color; D004867:Equipment Design; D004869:Equipment Safety; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D049449:Luminescence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010555:Personality Inventory; D010783:Photometry; D010789:Phototherapy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011594:Psychometrics; D011840:Radiation, Nonionizing; D011874:Radiometry; D016574:Seasonal Affective Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*