title: Contribution of the collagen I alpha1 and vitamin D receptor genes to the risk of hip fracture in elderly women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Hip fracture is partially genetically determined. The present study was designed to examine the contributions of vitamin D receptor (VDR) and collagen I alpha1 (COLIA1) genotypes to the liability to hip fracture in postmenopausal women.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was designed as a prospective population-based cohort investigation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six hundred seventy-seven postmenopausal women of Caucasian background, aged 70 +/- 7 yr (mean +/- SD), have been followed for up to 14 yr. Sixty-nine women had sustained a hip fracture during the period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Atraumatic hip fractures were prospectively identified through radiologists' reports. Bone mineral density (BMD) at the hip and lumbar spine was measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. GENOTYPES: The TaqI and SpI COLIA1 polymorphisms of the VDR and COLIA1 genes were determined. Using the Single Nucleotide Polymorphism database, VDR TT, Tt, and tt genotypes were coded as TT, TC, and CC, whereas COLIA1 SS, Ss, and ss were coded as GG, GT, and TT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Women with VDR CC genotype (16% prevalence) and COLIA1 TT genotype (5% prevalence) had an increased risk of hip fracture [odds ratio (OR) associated with CC, 2.6; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.2-5.3; OR associated with TT, 3.8; 95% CI, 1.3-10.8] after adjustment for femoral neck BMD (OR, 3.4 per SD; 95% CI, 2.3-5.0) and age (OR, 1.4 per 5 yr; 95% CI, 1.1-1.7). Approximately 20 and 12% of the liability to hip fracture was attributable to the presence of the CC genotype and TT genotype, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The VDR CC genotype and COLIA1 TT genotype were associated with increased hip fracture risk in Caucasian women, and this association was independent of BMD and age.
authors.affiliation: Bone and Mineral Research Program, Garvan Institute of Medical Research, 384 Victoria Street, Darlinghurst, Sydney, New South Wales 2010, Australia. t.nguyen@garvan.org.au
authors.forename: Tuan V
authors.initials: TV
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Luis M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Esteban
authors.forename: Christopher P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Struan F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: Jacqueline R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Center
authors.forename: Edith M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Gardiner
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Eisman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000375:Aging; D015519:Bone Density; D015331:Cohort Studies; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000235:genetics*; D000090602:Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain; D003596:Cytosine; D005260:Female; D005272:Femur Neck / Q000378:metabolism; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol / Q000235:genetics*; D013941:Thymine
chemical_list: D024042:Collagen Type I; D000090602:Collagen Type I, alpha 1 Chain; D018167:Receptors, Calcitriol; D003596:Cytosine; D013941:Thymine