title: MRI fuzzy segmentation of brain tissue using neighborhood attraction with neural-network optimization.
abstract: Image segmentation is an indispensable process in the visualization of human tissues, particularly during clinical analysis of magnetic resonance (MR) images. Unfortunately, MR images always contain a significant amount of noise caused by operator performance, equipment, and the environment, which can lead to serious inaccuracies with segmentation. A robust segmentation technique based on an extension to the traditional fuzzy c-means (FCM) clustering algorithm is proposed in this paper. A neighborhood attraction, which is dependent on the relative location and features of neighboring pixels, is shown to improve the segmentation performance dramatically. The degree of attraction is optimized by a neural-network model. Simulated and real brain MR images with different noise levels are segmented to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed technique compared to other FCM-based methods. This segmentation method is a key component of an MR image-based classification system for brain tumors, currently being developed. Index Terms-Improved fuzzy c-means clustering (IFCM), magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), neighborhood attraction, segmentation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK. shan-shen@surrey.ac.uk
authors.forename: Shan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sandham
authors.forename: Malcolm
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Granat
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sterr
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D017143:Fuzzy Logic; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D016571:Neural Networks, Computer; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods