title: Identification and preliminary characterization of vaccinia virus (Dryvax) antigens recognized by vaccinia immune globulin.
abstract: Using vaccinia immune globulin (VIG), a high-titer antibody preparation from immunized subjects, we demonstrate that the humoral immune response in humans is directed against numerous antigens in the Dryvax vaccine strain. Western blot and immunoprecipitation analyses revealed highly antigenic proteins associated with both the extracellular enveloped virus and intracellular mature virus forms. The modified vaccinia virus Ankara (MVA), a new generation smallpox vaccine that is attenuated for replication in humans, expresses most, but not all, of the major vaccinia antigens recognized by antibodies in VIG, lacking the highly antigenic protein corresponding to the A-type inclusion body protein. Since new-generation smallpox vaccines such as MVA will require extensive comparison to traditional smallpox vaccines in animal models of immunogenicity and protection, we compared the vaccinia virus antigens recognized by VIG to those recognized by sera from Dryvax and MVA immunized mice. The humoral immune response in immunized mice is qualitatively similar to that in humans.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of DNA Viruses, Division of Viral Products, Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research, Food and Drug Administration, HFM-457, 1401 Rockville Pike, Rockville, MD 20852-1448, USA.
authors.forename: Agnes
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jones-Trower
authors.forename: Alonzo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: Clement A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Meseda
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: Arunima
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: Jerry P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Weir
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Merchlinsky
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000276:immunology; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D007181:Inclusion Bodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D012900:Smallpox Vaccine / Q000276:immunology*; D014616:Vaccinia virus / Q000276:immunology*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: C071902:ATI protein, Vaccinia virus; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; C078786:DryVax vaccine; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D012900:Smallpox Vaccine; D014764:Viral Proteins