title: Type III secretion: more systems than you think.
abstract: The type III secretion (T3S) pathway allows bacteria to inject effector proteins into the cytosol of target animal or plant cells. T3S systems evolved into seven families that were distributed among Gram-negative bacteria by horizontal gene transfer. There are probably a few hundred effectors interfering with control and signaling in eukaryotic cells and offering a wealth of new tools to cell biologists.
authors.affiliation: Biozentrum der Universität Basel, CH-4056 Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Troisfontaines
authors.forename: Guy R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Cornelis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D005810:Multigene Family; D010944:Plants / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins