title: Effects of specific versus variable practice on the retention and transfer of a continuous motor skill.
abstract: The effects of specific versus variable practice on retention and transfer was investigated. 30 participants were randomly assigned to one of three practice conditions. The variable speed group practiced on a pursuit rotor task at three different speeds (60, 45, 30 rpm) which were randomly distributed but equal in number for 30 10-sec. trials on Day 1. The Specific Practice group performed all 30 10-sec. trials at 45 rpm on Day 1. On Day 2, all groups performed 15 trials at the 45-rpm retention speed and 15 trials at the 75-rpm transfer speed. The Control group only performed on Day 2. Analysis showed the Specific Practice group had significantly higher scores on Day 1. On Day 2, the Specific Practice group had significantly higher retention scores and the Variable Practice group had higher transfer scores. Continuous motor skills might be practiced differently depending on the environmental context in which the skill may be used.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health, Physical Education, and Leisure Studies, 307 University Boulevard North, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688-0002, USA.
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Heitman
authors.forename: Steven F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Pugh
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kovaleski
authors.forename: Phillip M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Norell
authors.forename: James R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Vicory
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009048:Motor Skills; D011214:Practice, Psychological; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D011930:Reaction Time; D012153:Retention, Psychology; D012691:Serial Learning; D014163:Transfer, Psychology