title: [Simultaneous vaccination against influenza and invasive pneumococcal disease in chronic dialysis patients].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the antibody response to simultaneous vaccination against influeza and pneumococcal disease in chronic dialysis patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-four chronic dialysis patients were vaccinated with subunit influenza vaccine Influvac. Thirty-five of these patients were vaccinated with both influenza vaccine and Pneumo 23 vaccine while 19 patients received influenza vaccine alone. Antibodies against influenza vaccine antigens were determined in paired sera by the hemagglutination inhibition test. The geometric mean titre (GMT) of antibodies, protection level (PR), seroconversion (SC) and conversion factor (CF) were calculated. The levels of antibodies against pneumococcal vaccine antigens were detected by the EIA and the geometric mean concentrations of antibodies were calculated from the results.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Simultaneous vaccination did not induce adequate PR for antigens A H1N1 and A H3N2, SC and CF for A H3N2 and B. Influenza vaccination alone resulted in inadequate PR and SC for A H3N2, with CF being adequate for all of the antigens. The geometric mean titres of antibodies were higher in the patients vaccinated with influenza vaccine alone, the difference not being statistically significant. Good responsiveness to the pneumococcal vaccine was observed, with the geometric mean concentrations of antibodies increasing 4.8 times after vaccination but decreasing to 1/3 a year later.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The antibody response to influenza vaccine was negatively influenced by immunodeficiency due to underlying diseases in dialysis patients. Although poorer results were achieved in patients vaccinated with influenza vaccine alone compared to those vaccinated with the two vaccines, the difference was not significant. An adjuvant influenza vaccine is expected to be more promising.
authors.affiliation: Krajská hygienická stanice, Usteckého kraje se sídlem v Ustí n/L. sekretar@khsusti.cz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Trmal
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Havlícková
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bícová
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Bitterová
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kelerová
mesh_terms: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009980:Influenza A virus / Q000276:immunology; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D007252:Influenza Vaccines; D022242:Pneumococcal Vaccines