title: APOE related alterations in cerebral activation even at college age.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Associations between the APOE genotype and various medical conditions have been documented at a very young age. The association between the APOE genotype and cognitive performance varies at different ages. APOE related changes in brain activation have been recently reported for middle aged and elderly subjects.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explore APOE related alterations during cognitive activation in a population of young adults.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using H2(15)O positron emission tomography (PET), imaging was carried out in 20 healthy young adults (age 19 to 28 years; four epsilon4 carriers and 16 non-epsilon4 carriers) during a non-verbal memory task. Voxel-wise multiple regression analyses were undertaken, with the activation difference PET counts as the dependent variable and the APOE genotype as the independent variable.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Brain regions were identified where epsilon4 carriers showed significantly lower or higher activation than non-carriers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that APOE dependent modulation of cerebral flow may be present even at a young age. This may reflect an APOE related physiological heterogeneity which may or may not predispose to brain disease in the ensuing decades or, less likely, the effect of very early Alzheimer's disease related pathological changes.
authors.affiliation: Cognitive Neuroscience Division of the Taub Institute for Research in Alzheimer's Disease and the Aging Brain, Columbia University Medical Center, New York, NY 10032, USA. ns257@columbia.edu
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Scarmeas
authors.forename: C G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Habeck
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hilton
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Flynn
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Stern
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D014495:Universities
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E