title: Effects of preoperative administration of carprofen on renal function and hemostasis in dogs undergoing surgery for fracture repair.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate effects of preoperative administration of carprofen on renal function and hemostasis in dogs undergoing general anesthesia for fracture repair.
  
  
  METHODS
  26 client-owned dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anesthesia was induced with levomethadone, diazepam, and propofol and maintained by administration of isoflurane in oxygen-nitrous oxide. Carprofen (4 mg/kg, SC) was administered 1 hour before induction to 13 dogs (group 1) and after extubation to the other 13 dogs (group 2). All dogs also received carprofen (4 mg/kg, SC, q 24 h) for the first 4 days after surgery. Renal function (glomerular filtration rate [GFR], urinary protein-to-urinary creatinine ratio [UP:UC], and results of urinalysis and biochemical analysis of plasma), hemostatic variables (bleeding time, platelet aggregation, prothrombin time [PT], activated partial thromboplastin time [APTT], and platelet count), and Hct were assessed before and at various time points after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis of results for renal function tests, most of the hemostatic and plasma biochemical variables, and Hct did not reveal significant differences between treatment groups. Values for GFR, UP:UC, PT, APTT, and platelet aggregation were outside reference ranges in many dogs before surgery and during the first 6 hours after surgery. In most dogs, these trauma-induced pathologic changes returned to within reference ranges during the 4-day period after surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Carprofen did not cause clinically relevant adverse effects in dogs anesthetized for fracture repair after 5 days of treatment, even when it was administered before surgery or given to patients with trauma-induced alterations in renal function or hemostasis.
authors.affiliation: Small Animal Clinic, School of Veterinary Medicine, Bischofsholer Damm 15, D-30173 Hannover, Germany.
authors.forename: Hannes M L
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Bergmann
authors.forename: Ingo J A
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Nolte
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kramer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000633:toxicity; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D004285:Dogs / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D006487:Hemostasis / Q000187:drug effects*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D002227:Carbazoles; C007005:carprofen