title: The role of Gamma Knife radiosurgery in the treatment of pineal parenchymal tumours.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to document the possible role of Gamma Knife radiosurgery, suitable for the treatment of deep and well limited tumors, in the management of pineal parenchymal tumors (PPT).
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed retrospectively a series of 13 patients with PPT treated by Gamma Knife radiosurgery during 16 procedures. Mean age was 31 (range 10 to 74). Eight patients had pineocytomas (61.5%), and 5 had pineoblastomas (38.5%). Radiosurgery was performed alone in 6 cases, after partial microsurgical resection in 3 cases, in association with chemotherapy in 3 cases and following conventional fractionated radiotherapy in 1 case. The marginal dose to these tumors ranged from 11 to 20 Gy (mean 15 Gy).
  
  
  RESULTS
  With a mean follow-up of 34 months (range 6 to 88), all tumors responded to treatment and disappeared or ceased growing. Two patients with pineoblastoma had tumor size progression out of the initial target requiring several radiosurgery procedures. At the end of the follow-up period, 10 out of 12 patients were alive. Two patients with pineoblastoma died because of carcinomatous meningitis or tumor size progression. We observed no mortality or major morbidity related to radiosurgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study confirms that radiosurgery can be an effective and safe primary treatment modality for patients with pineocytomas. It should have a role in multimodality therapy which includes microsurgical resection, fractionated radiotherapy and chemotherapy for the management of malignant pineal tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire, Lille, France.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Reyns
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Chinot
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Manera
authors.forename: J-C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Péragut
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blond
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Régis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010870:Pineal Gland; D010871:Pinealoma / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016634:Radiosurgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome