Long-term clinical outcomes of dissections after intracoronary beta-radiation with rhenium-188-diethylene triamine penta-acetic acid-filled balloon system.
BACKGROUND
Intracoronary radiation with a rhenium-188 ((188)Re)-filled balloon is safe and efficiently reduces restenosis, but there is a potential risk of a (188)Re-filled balloon induced dissection. Little is known about the effect of radiation on dissection resolution and the late clinical outcome of dissection after brachytherapy.


METHODS
After successful catheter-based treatments of de novo or restenotic lesion, 256 patients were randomly assigned to the radiation or control group. The (188)Re-filled balloon system was designed to deliver 17.6 Gy in 1.0-mm tissue depth.


RESULTS
Dissections were identified in 15 patients among the 138 patients of the radiation group (10.9%). Additional stents were deployed in 10 patients to cover the flow-limiting dissection. Binary restenosis rate (53.3% vs. 16.3%, p=0.001) and target vessel revascularization (TVR) rate (53.3% vs. 11.1%, p<0.001) were significantly higher in patients with the dissection at 9 months. Geographic miss (GM) was identified in 4 of the 10 patients who underwent additional stenting. Binary restenosis rate in the GM group (100%; 4 of 4 patients) was significantly higher than the non-GM group (33.3%; 2 of 6 patients, p=0.02). Long-term follow-up of the patients with dissections who had not undergone TVR (n=7, mean follow-up duration: 640.7+/-387.3 days) has demonstrated persistent unhealed dissections.


CONCLUSIONS
Intracoronary radiation impairs the healing process after vessel injury and residual dissection after brachytherapy leads to adverse clinical outcomes, which was mainly due to GM in case of stent implantation.
Kim
Kwang-il
KI
Cardiovascular Center, Division of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, Seoul National University Hospital, 28 Yeongun-Dong, Chongno-Gu, Seoul, South Korea.
Bae
Jangwhan
J
Koo
Bon-Kwon
BK
Youn
Tae-Jin
TJ
Kim
Sang-Hyun
SH
Chae
In-Ho
IH
Kim
Hyo-Soo
HS
Sohn
Dae-Won
DW
Oh
Byung-Hee
BH
Lee
Myoung-Mook
MM
Park
Young-Bae
YB
Choi
Yun-Shik
YS
D000368:Aged; D000784:Aortic Dissection / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000628:therapy*; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D001610:Beta Particles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; D001918:Brachytherapy; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003323:Coronary Aneurysm / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000628:therapy*; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D004369:Pentetic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011868:Radioisotopes / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012211:Rhenium / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D002614:Chelating Agents; D011868:Radioisotopes; D012211:Rhenium; D004369:Pentetic Acid