title: Clean intermittent catheterization in genitally sensate children: patient experience and health related quality of life.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Clean intermittent catheterization (CIC) has proven successful for bladder emptying in children without genital sensation with success rates of 94% to 100% in select groups. A subset of the pediatric population requires CIC for bladder dysfunction, yet has normal genital sensation. This study was designed to assess our experience with CIC in genitally sensate children and the health related (HR) quality of life (QOL) for them and their families.
  
  
  METHODS
  A multimodality questionnaire on the usage, learning curve and degree of difficulty of CIC was developed. The PedsQLtrade mark 4.0 Generic Core Scales, a reliable, validated HRQOL survey developed for pediatric patients with chronic disease, was used to assess patient and parental QOL. Children in our practice with normal genital sensation and bladder dysfunction requiring CIC were contacted to complete these questionnaires. When possible, QOL data were collected from the patient (self-report) and one or both of the parents (parent-proxy report).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data for 12 males and 8 females were collected, including 30 QOL questionnaires (12 self, 18 proxy). Of the patients 80% were able to learn CIC technique in 1 clinic visit with the help of a nurse. On a 10-point scale (1-not difficult, 10-very difficult) the mean degree of difficulty for learning the CIC technique was 3.25 for males and 4.00 for females (3.55 overall). On a 10-point scale (1-uncomfortable, 10-very comfortable) mean comfort level with the CIC technique was 9.12 for females and 9.46 for males (9.33 overall). On the PedsQL 100-point scale mean QOL was 83.24 for the self-report compared to 81.78 for the parent proxy report. The QOL for normal children has previously been shown as 83 (self) to 87.61 (proxy).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CIC was an easy technique for most sensate children to learn in 1 visit and master in a short time. Overall comfort with the technique was excellent and few problems were encountered. Their HRQOL was comparable to that of normal children.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, Children's Memorial Hospital, Chicago, Illinois 60614, USA. salpert93@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Seth A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Alpert
authors.forename: Earl Y
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Kerry F
authors.initials: KF
authors.lastname: Zebold
authors.forename: William E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Kaplan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005835:Genitalia; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D011788:Quality of Life; D012677:Sensation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014546:Urinary Catheterization; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000628:therapy*