title: Management of suspected scaphoid fractures in accident and emergency departments--time for new guidelines.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objectives of this work were to assess the clinical knowledge of clinicians in the accident and emergency (A&E) departments in England & Wales and evaluate the current trend for the acute management of radiologically normal, but clinically suspected, fractures of the scaphoid.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a telephone survey on 146 A&E senior house officers (SHOs) in 50 different hospitals. This survey assessed the clinicians' experience, their clinical and radiological diagnostic methods, and their initial treatment of suspected scaphoid fractures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority (55.8%) of SHOs performed only one clinical test to diagnose suspected scaphoid fractures. Overall, 41% were unable to cite the number of the radiographic views taken and only 10% of departments have direct access to further radiological investigation. There is wide variation in the early treatment of this injury, with the scaphoid cast used most commonly (46%). The majority of SHOs (89%) were unable to describe the features of immobilisation. The mean follow-up period was 10 days, and 53% of cases were followed-up by the senior staff in A&E. Of SHOs, 54% were not aware of any local guidelines for the management of suspected scaphoid fractures in their departments, and 92% were not aware of the existence of the 1992 British Association for Accident and Emergency Medicine (BAEM) guidelines.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clinical knowledge and the management of suspected scaphoid fractures in A&E are unsatisfactory. We, therefore, suggest that the dissemination of up-to-date guidelines could help to educate clinicians to provide better care to the patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Accident & Emergency, West Middlesex University Hospital, Isleworth, Middlesex, UK. cctai@doctors.net.uk
authors.forename: C C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ramachandran
authors.forename: I D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: McDermott
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ridgeway
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Mirza
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004739:England; D005260:Female; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital / Q000592:standards; D010808:Physical Examination; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011364:Professional Practice; D011872:Radiology Department, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012017:Referral and Consultation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D021361:Scaphoid Bone / Q000293:injuries*; D014852:Wales