Assessment of the status of urban air pollution and its impact on human health in the city of Kolkata.
Air pollution has significant effects on exacerbation of asthma, allergy and other respiratory diseases. Like many other magacities in the world the ambient air quality of Kolkata is also being deteriorated day by day. Automobile exhausts and certain industrial pollutants produce O(3) by photochemical reactions. The particulate matter, particularly less than 10 microm in size, can pass through the natural protective mechanism of human respiratory system and plays an important role in genesis and augmentation of allergic disorders. Sources of air pollution in the area and the unique problem arising out of the emission from the vehicles, industries, etc. have been described. Ambient air quality was monitored along with micrometeorological data and the results are discussed. The status of air pollution in the area has been evaluated and a questionnaire survey was conducted to estimate the allergic symptoms and exposure to assess the respiratory disorders. The data are analysed to evaluate the critical situation arising out of the emission of air pollutants and the impact on human health due to respirable diseases (RDs) to middle class sub-population (activity-wise) in the area are assessed. A strategic air quality management plan has been proposed. For the mitigation of air pollution problems in the city, the different measures to be adopted to maintain the balance between sustainable development and environmental management have been discussed.
Ghose
Mrinal K
MK
Centre of Mining Environment, Indian School of Mines, Dhanbad 826004, India. ghosemrinal@eudoramail.com
Paul
R
R
Banerjee
R K
RK
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D000397:Air Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis* / Q000517:prevention & control; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002947:Cities; D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D062665:Epidemiological Monitoring; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D007194:India; D007221:Industry; D007223:Infant; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides / Q000032:analysis; D010316:Particle Size; D011210:Power Plants; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D001335:Vehicle Emissions
D000393:Air Pollutants; D004391:Dust; D009589:Nitrogen Oxides; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D013458:Sulfur Dioxide; D007854:Lead; D002248:Carbon Monoxide