title: Variation in nerve autograft length increases fibre misdirection and decreases pruning effectiveness: an experimental study in the rat median nerve.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the clinical set, autologus nerve grafts are the current option for reconstruction of nerve tissue losses. The length of the nerve graft has been suggested to affect outcomes. Experiments were performed in the rat in order to test this assumption and to detect a possible mechanism to explain differences in recovery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The rat median nerve was repaired by ulnar nerve grafts of different lengths. Rats were evaluated for 12 months by behavioural assessment and histological studies, including ATPase myofibrillary histochemistry and retrograde neuronal labelling.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was demonstrated that graft length interferes in behavioural functional recovery that here correlates to muscle weight recovery. Short nerve grafts recovered faster and better. Reinnervation was not specific either at the trunk level or in the muscle itself. The normal mosaic pattern of Type I muscle fibres was never restored and their number remained largely augmented. An increment in the number of motor fibres was observed after the nerve grafting in a predominantly sensory branch in all groups. This increment was more pronounced in the long graft group. In the postoperative period, about a 20% reduction in the number of misdirected motor fibres occurred in the short nerve graft group only.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Variation in the length of nerve grafts interferes in behavioural recovery and increases motor fibres misdirection. Early recovery onset was related to a better outcome, which occurs in the short graft group.
authors.affiliation: Universidade do Sul de Santa Catarina - Unisul, Centro de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde- CCBS, Tubaraão, SC, Brazil. bertelli@matrix.com.br
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Bertelli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taleb
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Mira
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Ghizoni
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D000870:Anterior Horn Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001572:Benzofurans / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D018737:Hand Strength / Q000502:physiology; D006651:Histocytochemistry / Q000379:methods; D008475:Median Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D023421:Models, Animal; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D016067:Nerve Transfer / Q000379:methods*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000502:physiology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous / Q000379:methods*; D014459:Ulnar Nerve / Q000637:transplantation*
chemical_list: D001572:Benzofurans; C038675:true blue; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases