title: Involvement of SMAD4, but not of SMAD2, in transforming growth factor-beta1-induced trophoblast expression of matrix metalloproteinase-2.
abstract: Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play crucial roles in extravillous trophoblast invasion. In the present study, we examined the possible role of Smad4 and Smad2 in transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1-induced MMP-2 expression, using the well-established invasive extravillous trophoblast cell line HTR-8/SVneo. Recombinant sense Smad4 or Smad2 retroviral vectors were constructed by inserting full-length Smad4 or Smad2 cDNA into pLXSN retroviral vector. Stable PT67 packaging cell clones were isolated and viral supernatants were used to infect HTR-8/SVneo cells. Effects of retroviral expression of Smad4 and Smad2 on TGF-beta1-regulated MMP-2 expression were assessed by semi-quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction and gelatin zymography. The results showed that over-expression of Smad4 augmented MMP-2 mRNA abundance and the secretion of pro-MMP-2, and mimicked the inductive effect of TGF-beta1 on the production of MMP-2. However, retrovirus-mediated sense Smad2 gene transfer had no effect. These findings suggest that Smad4, but not Smad2, mediates TGF-beta1-induced MMP-2 expression in invasive extravillous trophoblasts.
authors.affiliation: State Key Laboratory of Reproductive Biology, Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100080, China.
authors.forename: Hai-Yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Hong-Mei
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jian-Guo
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Qi
authors.forename: Heng
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hong-Xing
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Benjamin K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: Tsang
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D019084:Fluorescent Antibody Technique, Indirect; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D015233:Models, Statistical; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D012190:Retroviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D051899:Smad2 Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D051901:Smad4 Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000378:metabolism; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051899:Smad2 Protein; D051901:Smad4 Protein; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D014157:Transcription Factors; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2