title: Africa's present and future needs in toxicology education: Southern African perspective.
abstract: Degrees and diplomas as well as certificates that are granted by universities and technikons in South Africa in scientific disciplines, such as forensic medicine, pharmacology, marine and veterinary sciences, environmental health, and occupational hygiene, include toxicology as one of the subjects in their overall syllabus. However, aspects of toxicology included in each of these courses are biased towards that particular subdiscipline and basic level of toxicology may be taught. Educational needs in toxicology in South Africa can be summarized as follows: (a) recognition of toxicology as a discipline in its own right at these tertiary education institutions and (b) creation of opportunities to study and obtain higher degrees in one or more of the many subdisciplines of toxicology. The results from a survey conducted on the toxicology syllabi offered at these tertiary education institutions are used to substantiate these needs.
authors.affiliation: National Institute for Occupational Health (NIOH), University of the Witwatersrand, Johannesburg, South Africa. mary.gulumian@nioh.nhls.co.za
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gulumian
authors.forename: Carren
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ginsburg
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Stewart
mesh_terms: D004493:Education / Q000639:trends*; D020380:Needs Assessment; D013019:South Africa; D014116:Toxicology / Q000193:education*