title: Structural properties of lateral collateral ligament reconstruction at the fibular head.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Anatomical reconstruction of a ruptured lateral collateral ligament using allograft tissue secured within the fibular head with an interference screw has been described.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Interference fixation at the fibular head does not reproduce the strength of the intact ligament.
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled laboratory study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten intact lateral collateral ligaments were tested to failure. The distal fixation of 11 ligaments reconstructed with a graft including a bone plug and 11 ligaments reconstructed with a graft without a bone plug were also tested.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The reconstructed ligaments consistently failed at the fibular head. The intact specimens predominately failed through ligament rupture. The mean strength and stiffness values were 460 +/- 163 N and 82 +/- 25 N/mm, respectively, for the intact ligaments, 113 +/- 40 N and 36 +/- 10 N/mm, respectively, for reconstruction with a bone plug, and 135 +/- 81 N and 34 +/- 14 N/mm, respectively, for reconstruction without a bone plug. The strength and stiffness were significantly (P < .05) greater for the intact ligaments than for either reconstruction group. The variation in strength was significantly larger for reconstruction without a bone plug than for reconstruction with a bone plug.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tension applied to lateral collateral ligaments reconstructed using fibular interference fixation should be limited immediately after surgery. Soft tissue fixation should be employed with care because of the inconsistency in the failure strength.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although fibular interference fixation is increasingly being described in the literature, the properties of reconstructed lateral collateral ligaments have not previously been quantified.
authors.affiliation: Medical Education and Research Institute of Colorado, 3920 North Union Blvd, Suite 210, Colorado Springs, CO 80907, USA.
authors.forename: William J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Ciccone
authors.forename: Derek R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Bratton
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Weinstein
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Walden
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Elias
mesh_terms: D001863:Bone Screws; D017885:Collateral Ligaments / Q000637:transplantation*; D005360:Fibula / Q000601:surgery*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States