title: Maternal dietary Alpine butter intake affects human milk: fatty acids and conjugated linoleic acid isomers.
abstract: Consumption of CLA by lactating women affects the composition of their milk, but the pattern of the different CLA isomers is still unknown. We determined the effects of short maternal supplementation with CLA-rich Alpine butter on the occurrence of FA and CLA isomers in human milk. In an open randomized controlled study with a two-period cross-over design, milk FA and CLA isomer concentrations were measured on postpartum days > or = 20 in two parallel groups of lactating women before, during, and after consumption of defined quantities of Alpine butter or margarine with comparable fat content (10 d of butter followed by 10 d of margarine for one group, and vice versa in the other). In the 16 women who completed the study (8/group), Alpine butter supplementation increased the C16 and C18 FA, the sum of saturated FA, the 18:1 trans FA, and the trans FA with CLA. The CLA isomer 18:2 c9,t11 increased by 49.7%. Significant increases were also found for the isomers t9,t11, t7,c9, t11,c13, and t8,c10 18:2. The remaining nine of the total 14 detectable isomers showed no changes, and concentrations were <5 mg/100 g fat. A breastfeeding mother can therefore modulate the FA/CLA supply of her child by consuming Alpine butter. Further studies will show whether human milk containing this FA and CLA isomer pattern acts as a functional food for newborns.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics, Zurich University Hospital, CH-8091 Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bertschi
authors.forename: Marius
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Collomb
authors.forename: Lukas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rist
authors.forename: Pius
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Eberhard
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sieber
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bütikofer
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wechsler
authors.forename: Gerd
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Folkers
authors.forename: Ursula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: von Mandach
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001942:Breast Feeding; D002079:Butter; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004032:Diet; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000494:pharmacology; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007536:Isomerism; D007774:Lactation; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects; D009035:Mothers
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D005227:Fatty Acids; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D002079:Butter