title: Inhibition of epidermal growth factor-induced cell transformation by tannins.
abstract: The mouse epidermal JB6 cell system is a well developed model for studying tumor promotion, and the JB6 Cl 41 promotion sensitive (P+) cell line, in which transformed colonies are induced by epidermal growth factor (EGF), was used to test the anti-tumor promoting effect of seven tannins and two triterpenoids. We found that six tannins, ellagitannins (compounds 1, 2, 3 and 4) and chromone gallates (compounds 6 and 7), significantly blocked EGF-induced cell transformation in a concentration-dependent manner. The inhibition of cell transformation by the tannins was not due to growth inhibition. The ellagitannins, but not the chromone gallates, significantly attenuated EGF-induced activator protein 1 (AP-1) activation, a transcription factor. Compounds 1 and 3, among the ellagitannins analysed, inhibited the EGF-induced phosphorylation of extracellular-signal regulated protein kinases and p38 kinases, which regulate AP-1 activation. On the other hand, compounds 3 and 4 suppressed EGF-induced phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K) activation. In addition, all tannins that blocked cell transformation markedly inhibited EGF-induced activation of Akt, a downstream effector of PI3K. Because signal-transduction pathways, including AP-1 and PI3K pathways, have been focused as prime targets for chemopreventive phytochemicals, our results suggest that inhibition by tannins of EGF-induced neoplastic transformation in JB6 cells is related to blocking of Akt activation, and also attenuation of AP-1 activation for ellagitannins.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hospital Pharmacy, School of Medicine, Kanazawa University, 13-1 Takara-Machi, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nomura
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsukada
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ichimatsu
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Ken-Ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D013634:Tannins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000378:metabolism; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D013634:Tannins; D014443:Tyrosine; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases