title: Diverse biological functions of extracellular collagen processing enzymes.
abstract: Collagens are abundant proteins in higher organisms, and are formed by a complex biosynthetic pathway involving intracellular and extracellular post-translational modifications. Starting from simple soluble precursors, this interesting pathway produces insoluble functional fibrillar and non-fibrillar elements of the extracellular matrix. The present review highlights recent progress and new insights into biological regulation of extracellular procollagen processing, and some novel functions of byproducts of these extracellular enzymatic transformations. These findings underscore the notion that released propeptides and other proteolytic products of extracellular matrix proteins have important biological functions, and that structural proteins are multifunctional. An emerging concept is that a dynamic interplay exists between extracellular products and byproducts with cells that helps to maintain normal cellular phenotypes and tissue integrity.
authors.affiliation: Boston University Goldman School of Dental Medicine, Division of Oral Biology, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA. trackman@bu.edu
authors.forename: Philip C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Trackman
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000818:Animals; D055395:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 1; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003094:Collagen / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000494:pharmacology; D003470:Culture Media / Q000494:pharmacology; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D005110:Extracellular Space / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000737:chemistry; D051379:Mice; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry; D011347:Procollagen / Q000737:chemistry; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D008249:Protein-Lysine 6-Oxidase / Q000737:chemistry; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D003470:Culture Media; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D010455:Peptides; D011347:Procollagen; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D003094:Collagen; D008249:Protein-Lysine 6-Oxidase; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; C525705:BMP1 protein, human; C525707:Bmp1 protein, mouse; D055395:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 1