title: Decreased brain activation during a working memory task at rested baseline is associated with vulnerability to sleep deprivation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine whether differences in patterns of brain activation under baseline conditions relate to the differences in sleep-deprivation vulnerability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using blood oxygenation level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging, we scanned 33 healthy young men while they performed the Sternberg working memory task following a normal night of sleep and again following 30 hours of sleep deprivation. From this initial group, based on their Sternberg working memory task performance, we found 10 subjects resilient to sleep deprivation (sleep deprivation-resilient group) and then selected 10 age- and education-matched subjects vulnerable to sleep deprivation (sleep deprivation-vulnerable group).
  
  
  METHODS
  Inpatient General Clinical Research Center and outpatient functional magnetic resonance imaging center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 10 young men (mean age 27.8 +/- 1.7 years) in the sleep deprivation-resilient group and 10 young men (mean age 28.2 +/- 1.9 years) in the sleep deprivation-vulnerable group were included in the final analyses.
  
  
  METHODS
  None.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We compared functional magnetic resonance imaging BOLD signal at rested baseline and sleep deprivation states in the 2 groups. As hypothesized, following sleep deprivation, both groups showed significant decreases in global brain activation compared to their rested group baseline. At rested baseline and in the sleep-deprivation state, the sleep deprivation-resilient group had significantly more brain activation than did the sleep deprivation-vulnerable group. There were also differences in functional circuits within and between groups in response to sleep deprivation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These preliminary data suggest that patterns of brain activation during the Sternberg working memory task at the rested baseline and the sleep-deprivation state, differ across individuals as a function of their sleep-deprivation vulnerability.
authors.affiliation: Brain Stimulation Laboratory, Medical University of South Carolina IOP, 502 N, 67 President St, Charleston, SC 29425, USA. muq@musc.edu
authors.forename: Qiwen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Mu
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mishory
authors.forename: Kevin A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Ziad
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Nahas
authors.forename: Frank A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Kozel
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamanaka
authors.forename: Daryl E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Bohning
authors.forename: Mark S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: George
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D011930:Reaction Time; D012146:Rest; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014825:Vocabulary
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen