title: Biological efficacy of silk fibroin nanofiber membranes for guided bone regeneration.
abstract: The favorable biological properties of silk fibroin (SF) nanofiber membrane make it a good candidate for clinical applications as a device in bone and periodontal regenerative therapy. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the biocompatibility of the SF nanofiber membrane, and to examine its effect on bone regeneration in a rabbit calvarial model. To examine the biocompatibility of the electrospun SF membrane, we investigated cell proliferation, morphology, and differentiation. The bone regenerative efficacy of the membrane was evaluated in the calvarial defect of rabbits. The cell numbers and osteocalcin production labels were significantly increased in accordance with culture period. Cells had a stellate shape and broad cytoplasmic extensions on the membrane. The cells showed activity of ALPase that was comparable to culture dishes, and were calcified similarly to culture dishes. In in vivo tests, a complete bony union across the defects was observed after 8 weeks. At 12 weeks, the defect had completely healed with new bone. In conclusion, the SF nanofiber membrane was shown to possess good biocompatibility with enhanced bone regeneration and no evidence of any inflammatory reaction. These results strongly suggest that the SF membrane should be useful as a tool for guided bone regeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 28 Yongondong, Chongnogu, Seoul 110-768, South Korea.
authors.forename: Kyoung-Hwa
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Lim
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: Ho-Nam
authors.initials: HN
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Seung-Yun
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Won-Ho
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sang-Chul
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Tae-Il
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yoon-Jeong
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yang-Jo
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Seol
authors.forename: Yong-Moo
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ku
authors.forename: In-Chul
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Rhyu
authors.forename: Soo-Boo
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Chong-Pyoung
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Chung
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005349:Fibroins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration; D008297:Male; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D051379:Mice; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000187:drug effects*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D011817:Rabbits; D047011:Silk; D012886:Skull / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D047011:Silk; D015675:Osteocalcin; D005349:Fibroins; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase