title: Functional outcome in young adults with spina bifida and hydrocephalus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Quality of life was studied in 31 adult survivors of spina bifida, each with Verbal or Performance IQ score over 70.
  
  
  METHODS
  Instruments measured physical and occupational function, cognitive/psychological function, somatic sensation, and social interaction in the context of the ability to live independently.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Domain group means except motor independence were in the average range (+/- 1 standard deviation). Variability within the group with respect to physical phenotype (high spinal lesions were associated with poorer motor independence) and medical history [a greater number of shunt revisions (> 4) were associated with poorer functional numeracy] was predictive of quality of life. Both spinal lesion level and number of shunt revisions influenced occupational status.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There was a relation between everyday mathematics, reading skills, and quality of life. The consequences of the physical, medical, and cognitive effects of spina bifida extend into young adulthood and have an impact on quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Community Health and Knowledge Transfer, The Hospital for Sick Children, 555 University Avenue, Toronto, Ontario M5A 1X8, Canada. ross.hetherington@sickkids.ca
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hetherington
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dennis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Drake
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gentili
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000523:psychology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D007360:Intelligence / Q000502:physiology; D007361:Intelligence Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011788:Quality of Life; D016135:Spinal Dysraphism / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000523:psychology*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014705:Verbal Behavior / Q000502:physiology