title: Focal adhesion kinase is redistributed to focal complexes and mediates cell spreading in macrophages in response to M-CSF.
abstract: The macrophage colony-stimulating factor (M-CSF, CSF-1) regulates survival, proliferation and differentiation of mononuclear phagocytes, as well as macrophage motility and morphology. The latter features are usually regulated by ECM-mediated activation of integrins and subsequent tyrosine phosphorylation of cellular proteins, including focal adhesion kinase (FAK). FAK is phosphorylated by downstream receptor tyrosine kinases as well. We addressed the question whether M-CSF regulates FAK tyrosine phosphorylation in macrophages, and found that M-CSF induces FAK phosphorylation at all known tyrosine residues. This phosphorylation was dependent on Src. Extracellularly-regulated kinase (ERK), Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) were found to be negatively involved in M-CSF-induced FAK phosphorylation, as their inhibition resulted in FAK hyper-phosphorylation. Following M-CSF treatment, FAK and the active forms of M-CSFR and Src were redistributed to the cytoskeleton, where active ERK, JNK and PI3K were detectable. Immunofluorescence showed the presence of FAK and its active form in focal complexes following M-CSF treatment. Moreover, cell spreading and adhesion were impaired when FAK tyrosine phosphorylation was abrogated by either transfection with FRNK, a dominant negative form of FAK, or treatment with a number of inhibitors of upstream FAK-activating signals. These results point to a relevant role for FAK in the regulation of cell spreading and adhesion in macrophages.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Patologia e Oncologia Sperimentali, Università di Firenze, Viale G.B. Morgagni 50, I-50134 Firenze, Italy.
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rovida
authors.forename: Benedetta
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lugli
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Barbetti
authors.forename: Serena
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Giuntoli
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olivotto
authors.forename: Persio
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dello Sbarba
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002458:Cell Fractionation; D002460:Cell Line; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology*; D051379:Mice; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D018909:src Homology Domains
chemical_list: D016173:Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051416:Focal Adhesion Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases