Biological efficacy of silk fibroin nanofiber membranes for guided bone regeneration.
The favorable biological properties of silk fibroin (SF) nanofiber membrane make it a good candidate for clinical applications as a device in bone and periodontal regenerative therapy. The purpose of this study is to evaluate the biocompatibility of the SF nanofiber membrane, and to examine its effect on bone regeneration in a rabbit calvarial model. To examine the biocompatibility of the electrospun SF membrane, we investigated cell proliferation, morphology, and differentiation. The bone regenerative efficacy of the membrane was evaluated in the calvarial defect of rabbits. The cell numbers and osteocalcin production labels were significantly increased in accordance with culture period. Cells had a stellate shape and broad cytoplasmic extensions on the membrane. The cells showed activity of ALPase that was comparable to culture dishes, and were calcified similarly to culture dishes. In in vivo tests, a complete bony union across the defects was observed after 8 weeks. At 12 weeks, the defect had completely healed with new bone. In conclusion, the SF nanofiber membrane was shown to possess good biocompatibility with enhanced bone regeneration and no evidence of any inflammatory reaction. These results strongly suggest that the SF membrane should be useful as a tool for guided bone regeneration.
Kim
Kyoung-Hwa
KH
Department of Periodontology, College of Dentistry, Seoul National University, 28 Yongondong, Chongnogu, Seoul 110-768, South Korea.
Jeong
Lim
L
Park
Ho-Nam
HN
Shin
Seung-Yun
SY
Park
Won-Ho
WH
Lee
Sang-Chul
SC
Kim
Tae-Il
TI
Park
Yoon-Jeong
YJ
Seol
Yang-Jo
YJ
Lee
Yong-Moo
YM
Ku
Young
Y
Rhyu
In-Chul
IC
Han
Soo-Boo
SB
Chung
Chong-Pyoung
CP
D016475:3T3 Cells; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry; D002113:Calcification, Physiologic / Q000187:drug effects; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D005349:Fibroins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048091:Guided Tissue Regeneration; D008297:Male; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D051379:Mice; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000187:drug effects*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D011817:Rabbits; D047011:Silk; D012886:Skull / Q000601:surgery; D013997:Time Factors
D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D047011:Silk; D015675:Osteocalcin; D005349:Fibroins; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase