title: Live three-dimensional transthoracic contrast echocardiographic assessment of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.
abstract: We describe an adult patient in whom live three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography combined with intravenous use of an echo contrast agent was useful in making a definitive diagnosis of apical hypertrophic cardiomyopathy and in characterizing the nature and full extent of the hypertrophy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, Alabama.
authors.forename: Ebenezer E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Frans
authors.forename: Navin C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Nanda
authors.forename: Vinod
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: William S
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Fonbah
authors.forename: Srinivas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vengala
authors.forename: Farhat
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mehmood
authors.forename: Kunal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bodiwala
mesh_terms: D002312:Cardiomyopathy, Hypertrophic / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013909:Thorax / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology