title: Transfer of intubated patients with traumatic brain injury to Auckland City Hospital.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Delays in patient transfer to definitive neurosurgical care after traumatic brain injury are important in determining neurological outcome. The efficiency of interhospital transfer of patients to Auckland City Hospital (ACH) was analysed and compared with international standards.
  
  
  METHODS
  The ACH Department of Critical Care Medicine database for the year 2002 was reviewed, with supplementary information obtained from transfer organizations, hospital notes, radiology archives, and operative logbooks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-four adult patients with traumatic brain injury and no special reasons for delayed transfer were transported intubated from other hospitals in the North Island of New Zealand. The median time from injury to arrival at ACH was 6.5 h. It took a median 4.4 h for patients to get from initial computed tomographic imaging to ACH. For those requiring evacuation of haematomas, the mean time from arrival at ACH to the start of the operation was 1.4 h. Only 33% of patients from other metropolitan Auckland hospitals, and none from hospitals outside the city, arrived within 4 h from the time of injury.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transfer times for brain trauma patients are currently longer than recommended for optimal neurological outcome. Referring hospitals and transfer organizations should review their systems to identify areas for improvement. Direct admission to theatre needs to be expedited within ACH when required. Triage of all trauma patients in metropolitan Auckland with a Glasgow Coma Scale score of less than 14 to ACH would be likely to improve time to treatment. A mobile acute neurosurgical service based in Auckland that would support general surgeons initiating acute decompressive cranial operations would be likely to reduce time to surgery and improve outcomes for patients admitted to hospitals outside Auckland. The development of a mobile acute neurosurgery service which would complete decompressive procedures started by general surgeons would likely improve trauma outcomes for patients injured outside Auckland.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Auckland City Hospital, Auckland, New Zealand.
authors.forename: Christopher R P
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Lind
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Heppner
authors.forename: Toby M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Robins
authors.forename: Edward W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Mee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000552:Ambulances; D001315:Australia; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D005260:Female; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006408:Hematoma, Subdural / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009493:Neurosurgery; D010360:Patient Transfer; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D013997:Time Factors; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014218:Triage