title: Sterile endophthalmitis following intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate clinical findings and ocular characteristics of sterile endophthalmitis following intravitreal injection (IVI) of triamcinolone for the treatment of macular edema.
  
  
  METHODS
  IVI is an institutional practice at our hospital. From March 2002 to January 2003, a total of 21 IVIs of triamcinolone acetonide were performed on 19 patients with macular edema secondary to various retinal disorders. Cases diagnosed as sterile endophthalmitis after IVI of triamcinolone were selected for the study. Fisher's discriminant linear analysis was used to determine whether a significant correlation existed between specific ocular features and the occurrence of post-injection sterile endophthalmitis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five of 21 eyes (23.8%) had sterile endophthalmitis with hypopyon formation after the injection. Of the five sterile endophthalmitis patients, three were pseudophakic with impaired posterior capsule and four had a diagnosis of Irvine-Gass syndrome. The rate of sterile endophthalmitis was significantly higher in pseudophakic patients with impaired posterior capsule (p = 0.0075) and in patients with Irvine-Gass syndrome (p = 0.0008). The best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) in these patients remained unchanged or even improved when the inflammation subsided.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pseudophakia with impaired posterior capsule and the diagnosis of cystoid macular edema due to Irvine-Gass syndrome are two risk factors of sterile endophthalmitis following IVI triamcinolone. No loss of BCVA was noted in the patients with post-injection sterile endophthalmitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, National Taiwan University Hospital (NTUH), Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Lu-Chun
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chung-May
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D009877:Endophthalmitis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D007903:Lens Capsule, Crystalline / Q000293:injuries / Q000473:pathology; D008269:Macular Edema / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019591:Pseudophakia / Q000150:complications; D012307:Risk Factors; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014822:Vitreous Body
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide