title: Medial-grade calcium sulfate hemihydrate (surgiplaster) in healing of a human extraction socket--histologic observation at 3 months: a case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Following tooth extraction, wound healing is characterized by remodeling and resorption of the alveolar bone at the extraction site. This produces reduction in ridge volume. Medical-grade calcium sulfate hemihydrate (MGCSH) has been proposed as a graft material for extraction sockets to minimize the reduction in ridge volume. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of MGCSH on the histopathologic pattern of intrasocket regenerated bone and to evaluate histologically the healed MGCSH-grafted extraction socket site at 3 months postextraction.
  
  
  METHODS
  MGCSH was grafted in a fresh human extraction socket, and at 3 months a cylindric tissue specimen, 2.5 mm in diameter, was trephined from the previously grafted site and an implant was placed. Non-decalcified specimens were sectioned at a horizontal plane and stained for histologic and histomorphometric evaluation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean trabecular area was 58.6% +/- 9.2% in the coronal sections, 58.1% +/- 6.2% in the middle sections, and 58.3% +/- 7.8% in the apical sections. The differences in mean trabecular area between sections were not statistically significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is significant that the MGCSH underwent complete resorption and replacement by newly formed bone because the most important negative attribute of other graft materials is the resorption time. Moreover, calcium sulfate shows great potential for guided bone regeneration in surgical sites.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MGCSH seems to be an acceptable graft material for extraction socket bone regeneration because it is completely resorbable and allows new trabecular bone arrangement in a limited 3-month period.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Surgery, Research Institute Codivilla-Putti, Rizzoli Orthopaedic Institute, Bologna, Italy.
authors.forename: Renzo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guarnieri
authors.forename: Nicolò Nicoli
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Aldini
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pecora
authors.forename: Milena
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fini
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Giardino
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002133:Calcium Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D014081:Tooth Extraction / Q000009:adverse effects*; D020390:Tooth Socket / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002133:Calcium Sulfate