title: Cardioprotective effects of nitroparacetamol and paracetamol in acute phase of myocardial infarction in experimental rats.
abstract: We aimed to determine whether nitroparacetamol (NO-paracetamol) and paracetamol exhibit cardioprotective effects. Myocardial infarction (MI) was induced in rats, and drug treatment was started 1 wk before surgery. Mortality rate and infarct size at 2 days after MI were compared. Treatment groups included vehicle (saline), paracetamol (5 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) and NO-paracetamol (15 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)). Mortality rates for vehicle (n = 80), paracetamol (n = 79), and NO-paracetamol (n = 76) groups were 37.5%, 21.5%, and 26.3%, respectively. Infarct size for the vehicle group was 44.8% (+/-6.1%) of the left ventricle (LV). For the paracetamol and NO-paracetamol groups, infarct size was 31.3% (+/-5.6%) and 30.7% (+/-8.1%) of the LV, respectively. Both paracetamol- and NO-paracetamol-treated groups showed increased activities of catalase and SOD compared with the vehicle group. They could attenuate endothelial, inducible, and neuronal nitric oxide synthase and cyclooxygenase-1 and -2 gene expression after MI. The observation indicates the potential clinical significance of the cardioprotective effects of these drugs.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Pharmacology, National Univ. of Singapore, Singapore 117597. phczhuyz@nus.edu.sg
authors.forename: Yi Zhun
authors.initials: YZ
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Chew Lan
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Chong
authors.forename: Shin Chet
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chuah
authors.forename: Shan Hong
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Huey Shan
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Nai
authors.forename: How Teng
authors.initials: HT
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Matt
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Whiteman
authors.forename: Philip K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Moore
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002196:Capillaries / Q000473:pathology; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000473:pathology; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000235:genetics; D009573:Nitrites / Q000097:blood; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D009566:Nitrates; D009573:Nitrites; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000082:Acetaminophen; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; C478738:4-(nitroxy)butanoic acid 4-acetylaminophenyl ester