title: Peptide YY is secreted after oral glucose administration in a gender-specific manner.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Previous studies with small numbers of subjects showed a negative correlation between plasma peptide YY (PYY) levels and obesity. If correct, this would imply that low PYY levels might be involved in the pathogenesis of obesity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Our objective was to investigate whether plasma PYY levels were correlated with sex and body mass index (BMI).
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a cross-sectional study of 151 normal volunteers (19-90 yr of age) in the Baltimore Longitudinal Study of Aging.
  
  
  METHODS
  All subjects had an oral glucose tolerance test (75 g) performed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Immunostaining of human duodenum, BMI, hemoglobin A1c, plasma glucose, insulin, PYY, glucagon like peptide-1 (GLP-1), ghrelin, and leptin were the main outcome measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PYY and GLP-1 colocalized in the same cells in human duodenum. Both hormones reached peak plasma levels by 20 min and had similar secretory patterns. The incremental increases in PYY and GLP-1 during that first 20 min were significantly correlated (r2 = 0.388; P < 0.0001). The areas under the curve from 0-120 min for PYY and GLP-1 were similar in both obese and lean participants. Female participants across the range of BMI had significantly higher PYY area under the curve (17,464 +/- 1,240 vs. 14,120 +/- 806 pmol/liter x min, female vs. male; P < 0.05) compared with male participants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings show that PYY and GLP-1 are colocalized and cosecreted from L cells and that total secretion of PYY is higher in females than in males, but fasting PYY levels and PYY secretion in response to oral glucose were not in any way correlated with BMI.
authors.affiliation: Diabetes Section, National Institute on Aging, National Institutes of Health, 5600 Nathan Shock Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, USA.
authors.forename: Byung-Joon
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Olga D
authors.initials: OD
authors.lastname: Carlson
authors.forename: Hyeung-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Jang
authors.forename: Dariush
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Elahi
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Berry
authors.forename: Josephine M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Egan
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015992:Body Mass Index; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004386:Duodenum / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019894:Peptide YY / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D013997:Time Factors; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D019894:Peptide YY; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1; D005947:Glucose