title: Controlling the location and spatial extent of nanobubbles using hydrophobically nanopatterned surfaces.
abstract: The presence of nanobubbles-as imaged with tapping-mode atomic force microscopy-is controlled using nanopatterned surfaces possessing repeating patterns of polystyrene (hydrophobic domains) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (hydrophilic domains). For nanobubbles to be present, we find that, in addition to controlling the degree of surface hydrophobicity, it is important for the spatial dimensions of the hydrophobic domains on the nanopatterned surface to be commensurate with the equilibrium topology of the nanobubbles.
authors.affiliation: Hatsopoulos Microfluids Laboratory, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge, Massachusetts 02139, USA.
authors.forename: Abhinandan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.forename: Juhyun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Du Yeol
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Paula T
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Hammond
authors.forename: Thomas P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Gareth H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: McKinley