title: Carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) innate immune factors are present before hatching.
abstract: Expression of the innate immune factors, complement factor 3 (C3), alpha2-macroglobulin (alpha2M), serum amyloid A (SAA) and a complement factor 1 r/s--mannose binding lectin associated serine protease-like molecule (C1/MASP2), was determined with Real Time Quantitative-PCR in carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) ontogeny around hatching. Furthermore, the expression of C3 mRNA and the presence of C3 protein were studied in carp embryos and larvae using In Situ Hybridisation, Western Blotting and Immunohistochemistry. C3, alpha2M, SAA and C1/MASP2 mRNA were produced by embryos from 12 h post-fertilisation, which is relatively long before hatching (2 days post-fertilisation (dpf)), indicating either involvement of these factors in development itself or more probably a preparation of the immune system for the post-hatching period. In addition, maternal mRNA of the aforementioned innate immune factors and maternal C3- and immunoglobulin protein was present in unfertilised eggs. Furthermore, C3 mRNA production was situated in the yolk syncytial layer in embryos from 24 h post-fertilisation to 5 dpf, followed by the liver in larvae, providing a new sequence of C3 production in teleost development.
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology and Immunology Group, Wageningen Institute of Animal Sciences, Wageningen University, Marijkeweg 40, 6709 PG Wageningen, The Netherlands. heidi.huttenhuis@wur.nl
authors.forename: Heidi B T
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Huttenhuis
authors.forename: Cláudia P O
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Grou
authors.forename: Anja J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Taverne-Thiele
authors.forename: Nico
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Taverne
authors.forename: Jan H W M
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Rombout
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002347:Carps / Q000196:embryology* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D003176:Complement C3 / Q000378:metabolism; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian / Q000378:metabolism; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000276:immunology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D050606:Mannose-Binding Protein-Associated Serine Proteases / Q000378:metabolism; D010063:Ovum / Q000378:metabolism; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D000511:alpha-Macroglobulins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003176:Complement C3; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein; D000511:alpha-Macroglobulins; D050606:Mannose-Binding Protein-Associated Serine Proteases