title: Phosphorylation of ezrin on threonine 567 produces a change in secretory phenotype and repolarizes the gastric parietal cell.
abstract: Phosphorylation of the membrane-cytoskeleton linker protein ezrin has been functionally linked to acid secretion and vesicle recruitment to the apical secretory membrane in gastric parietal cells. Phosphorylation of the conserved T567 residue of ezrin has been shown to alter the N/C oligomerization of ezrin and promote the formation of actin-rich surface projections in other cells. To test the importance of T567 as a regulatory site for ezrin in parietal cell activation, we incorporated wild-type (WT) and mutant forms of ezrin, including the nonphosphorylatable T567A mutation and a mutant mimicking permanent phosphorylation, T567D. All ezrin constructs included C-terminal cyan-fluorescent protein (CFP) and were incorporated into adenoviral constructs for efficient introduction into cultured parietal cells from rabbit stomach. Fluorescence microscopy was used to localize CFP-ezrin and monitor morphological responses. Accumulation of a weak base (aminopyrine) was used to monitor receptor-mediated acid secretory response of the cultured cells. Similar to endogenous ezrin, WT and T567A CFP-ezrin localized heavily to apical membrane vacuoles with considerably lower levels associated with the surrounding basolateral membrane. Interestingly, H,K-ATPase within cytoplasmic tubulovesicles was incorporated into the apical vacuoles along with WT and T567A mutant ezrin. In these parietal cells secretagogue stimulation produced a striking vacuolar expansion associated with HCl secretion and the secretory phenotype. Expression of T567D CFP-ezrin was quite different, being rarely associated with apical vacuoles. T567D was more typically localized to the basolateral membrane, often associated with long spikes and fingerlike projections. Moreover, the cells did not display secretagogue-dependent morphological changes and, to our surprise, H,K-ATPase was recruited to the T567D CFP-ezrin-enriched basolateral projections. We conclude that T567 phosphorylation, which is probably regulated through Rho signaling pathway, may direct ezrin to membrane-cytoskeletal activity at the basolateral membrane and away from apical secretory activity. The large basolateral expansion is predicted to recruit membranes from sources not normally targeted to that surface.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Rihong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Lixin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kodani
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hauser
authors.forename: Xuebiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Forte
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D016764:Cell Polarity; D022081:Cell Surface Extensions / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D017506:H(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPase / Q000378:metabolism; D008164:Luminescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010295:Parietal Cells, Gastric / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010641:Phenotype; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011817:Rabbits; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013912:Threonine / Q000378:metabolism*; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000378:metabolism; D000099149:Ezrin
chemical_list: D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D017506:H(+)-K(+)-Exchanging ATPase; D008164:Luminescent Proteins; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D013912:Threonine; D000099149:Ezrin