title: Zoledronate inhibits proliferation and induces apoptosis of imatinib-resistant chronic myeloid leukaemia cells.
abstract: Although imatinib mesylate has revolutionized the treatment of chronic myeloid leukaemia (CML), resistance to the drug, manifesting as relapse after an initial response or persistence of disease, remains a therapeutic challenge. In order to overcome this, alternative or additional targeting of signaling pathways downstream of Bcr-Abl may provide the best option for improving clinical response. Bisphosphonates, such as zoledronate, have been shown to inhibit the oncogenicity of Ras, an important downstream effector of Bcr-Abl. In this study, we show that zoledronate is equally effective in inhibiting the proliferation and clonogenicity of both imatinib-sensitive and -resistant CML cells, regardless of their mechanism of resistance. This is achieved by the induction of S-phase cell cycle arrest and apoptosis, through the inhibition of prenylation of Ras and Ras-related proteins by zoledronate. The combination of imatinib and zoledronate also augmented the activity of either drug alone and this occurred in imatinib-resistant CML cells as well. Since zoledronate is already available for clinical use, these results suggest that it may be an effective addition to the armamentarium of drugs for the treatment of CML.
authors.affiliation: Imperial College London, Hammersmith Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chuah
authors.forename: D J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Barnes
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kwok
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Corbin
authors.forename: M W N
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Deininger
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Druker
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Melo
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001549:Benzamides; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D016313:Genes, abl / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000473:pathology*; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D001549:Benzamides; D004164:Diphosphonates; D007093:Imidazoles; D010879:Piperazines; D011743:Pyrimidines; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate