title: Amylin peptide levels are raised in infants of diabetic mothers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Amylin is a novel 37 amino acid peptide hormone that is co-secreted with insulin from the pancreas in response to food intake. As a potent inhibitor of gastric emptying it plays an important role in the control of carbohydrate absorption. Feed intolerance is common in infants of diabetic mothers (IDM).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To establish a normal range of amylin levels in healthy neonates, and to determine whether serum amylin levels are raised in IDM.
  
  
  METHODS
  A serial sample of 221 infants > or =28 weeks gestation was enrolled prior to delivery over a 12 month period. Blood samples collected immediately after birth (umbilical cord), and at the routine Guthrie test were analysed for amylin and insulin levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Amylin levels in umbilical cord (n = 181) and Guthrie samples (n = 33) of healthy infants were 5.7 (3.0-9.1) and 6.9 (2.9-9.0) pmol/l respectively. IDM had significantly raised amylin levels in both cord (n = 31; 32.7 pmol/l, 25.9-48.1) and Guthrie samples (n = 8; 18.1 pmol/l, 15.3-23.6). Amylin correlated positively with insulin (n = 42; r = 0.67; 95% CI 0.4 to 0.81), birth weight (r = 0.22; 95% CI 0.08 to 0.36), and gestation (r = 0.18; 95% CI 0.03 to 0.32). Umbilical cord venous amylin levels showed agreement with arterial cord amylin levels (n = 34, mean bias -0.2, 95% CI 3.1 to -3.6).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Amylin levels are significantly increased in the umbilical cord and Guthrie blood samples in IDM.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Neonatal Intensive Care, Royal Hallamshire Hospital, Sheffield, UK. venkatash.kairamkonda@uhl-tr.nhs.uk
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kairamkonda
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Deorukhkar
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Coombs
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fraser
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mayer
mesh_terms: D000682:Amyloid / Q000097:blood*; D001724:Birth Weight; D001800:Blood Specimen Collection / Q000379:methods; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry*; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn / Q000097:blood*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011254:Pregnancy in Diabetics; D012016:Reference Values
chemical_list: D000682:Amyloid; D007328:Insulin; D058228:Islet Amyloid Polypeptide