title: The Wnt antagonist secreted frizzled-related protein-1 controls osteoblast and osteocyte apoptosis.
abstract: Mechanisms controlling human bone formation remain to be fully elucidated. We have used differential display-polymerase chain reaction analysis to characterize osteogenic pathways in conditionally immortalized human osteoblasts (HOBs) representing distinct stages of differentiation. We identified 82 differentially expressed messages and found that the Wnt antagonist secreted frizzled-related protein (sFRP)-1 was the most highly regulated of these. Transient transfection of HOBs with sFRP-1 suppressed canonical Wnt signaling by 70% confirming its antagonistic function in these cells. Basal sFRP-1 mRNA levels increased 24-fold during HOB differentiation from pre-osteoblasts to pre-osteocytes, and then declined in mature osteocytes. This expression pattern correlated with levels of cellular viability such that the pre-osteocytes, which had the highest levels of sFRP-1 mRNA, also had the highest rate of cell death. Basal sFRP-1 mRNA levels also increased 29-fold when primary human mesenchymal stem cells were differentiated to osteoblasts supporting the developmental regulation of the gene. Expression of sFRP-1 mRNA was induced 38-fold following prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) treatment of pre-osteoblasts and mature osteoblasts that had low basal message levels. In contrast, sFRP-1 expression was down-regulated by as much as 80% following transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 treatment of pre-osteocytes that had high basal mRNA levels. Consistent with this, treatment of pre-osteoblasts and mature osteoblasts with PGE(2) increased apoptosis threefold, while treatment of pre-osteocytes with TGF-beta1 decreased cell death by 50%. Likewise, over-expression of sFRP-1 in HOBs accelerated the rate of cell death threefold. These results establish sFRP-1 as an important negative regulator of human osteoblast and osteocyte survival.
authors.affiliation: Women's Health Research Institute, Wyeth Research, Collegeville, Pennsylvania 19426, USA. bodinep@wyeth.com
authors.forename: Peter V N
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Bodine
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Billiard
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Moran
authors.forename: Helga
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ponce-de-Leon
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McLarney
authors.forename: Annamarie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mangine
authors.forename: Melissa J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Scrimo
authors.forename: Ramesh A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Bhat
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stauffer
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: Gary S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Stein
authors.forename: Jane B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Lian
authors.forename: Barry S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Komm
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017304:Annexin A5 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D051379:Mice; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D010011:Osteocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D000099274:Frizzled-Related Proteins
chemical_list: D017304:Annexin A5; D015232:Dinoprostone; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D000099274:Frizzled-Related Proteins; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; C508961:Tgfb1 protein, mouse; C508962:Tgfb1 protein, rat