title: The effects of various organic acids on phytate phosphorus utilization in chicks.
abstract: Previous research from our laboratory has shown that citric acid improves phytate P utilization in chicks fed a P-deficient corn-soybean meal diet. The current study was conducted to determine if other organic acids also are effective, with an emphasis on gluconic acid. Four experiments were conducted in which 4 replicate groups of 5 crossbred chicks (New Hampshire x Columbian) were fed a P-deficient diet (0.16% nonphyate P) from 8 to 22 d of age. In Experiment 1, chick weight gain and tibia ash were significantly increased (P < 0.05) by 1.5 and 3% sodium gluconate (NaGlu), 1.5% calcium gluconate (CaGlu), 1.5 and 3% glucono-delta-lactone, and 1% 2-hydroxy-4-methylthio butanoic acid (Alimet). In experiment 2, tibia ash was significantly increased (P < 0.05) by 2% NaGlu, CaGlu, and citric acid in chicks fed the P-deficient diet but not in chicks fed a 0.45% nonphytate P diet, indicating that the organic acid responses were due to increased P utilization. In experiments 3 and 4, tibia ash was significantly increased by 3% NaGlu and 3% citric acid, but not by 3% fumaric acid or 0.025, 0.05 and 0.1% EDTA. The results of this study showed that NaGlu, CaGlu, glucono-delta-lactone, Alimet, and citric acid, but not fumaric acid or EDTA, improved phytate P utilization in chicks fed a corn-soybean meal diet.
authors.affiliation: University of Illinois, Urbana, Illinois 61801, USA.
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Rafacz-Livingston
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Parsons
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Jungk
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001682:Biological Availability; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000737:chemistry; D002125:Calcium Gluconate / Q000494:pharmacology; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002645:Chickens / Q000378:metabolism*; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D004032:Diet; D004435:Eating; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005650:Fumarates / Q000494:pharmacology; D005942:Gluconates / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008715:Methionine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D010833:Phytic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D013025:Glycine max; D015430:Weight Gain; D003313:Zea mays
chemical_list: D002264:Carboxylic Acids; D005650:Fumarates; D005942:Gluconates; D010758:Phosphorus; D019343:Citric Acid; C008391:alpha-hydroxy-gamma-methylmercaptobutyric acid; D010833:Phytic Acid; C032005:fumaric acid; D004492:Edetic Acid; D008715:Methionine; C030691:gluconic acid; D002125:Calcium Gluconate