title: Do video games evoke specific types of epileptic seizures?
abstract: We determined whether epileptic clinical manifestations evoked by playing video games (VG) differ from those evoked by intermittent photic stimulation (IPS) or striped patterns (P). We exposed nine children who had TV- and VG-evoked seizures in daily life to 12 VG after standardized photic stimulation and pattern stimulation. Their EEGs were recorded continuously, analyzed, and then correlated with a video of their behavior. Similar types of clinical signs were seen during VG, P, and IPS, but the signs we observed were more subtle during the VG. Eight patients showed a clear lateralization. A new observation was the lowering of the eyelids to a state of half-closed. Our study suggests that the type of visual stimulus provoking a photoparoxysmal response or seizure is not particularly relevant. The children belonged to different epilepsy groups, and our findings add to the discussion on the boundaries of the epilepsy types.
authors.affiliation: Neurology Division, II Faculty of Medicine, University of Rome La Sapienza, and Neurophysiology Section, Bambino Gesù Children's Hospital, IRCCS, Rome, Italy.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Piccioli
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vigevano
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Buttinelli
authors.forename: Dorothée G A
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Kasteleijn-Nolst Trenité
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004576:Electromyography; D004585:Electrooculography; D020195:Epilepsy, Reflex / Q000209:etiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D005143:Eyelids; D005260:Female; D019416:Head Movements; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009207:Myoclonus / Q000523:psychology; D010775:Photic Stimulation; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D012640:Seizures / Q000523:psychology; D018910:Video Games / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000523:psychology*