title: The role of work-related and personal factors in diabetes self-management.
abstract: The aim of this study was to investigate how factors in the workplace and personal factors are related to the frequency with which people with diabetes perform self-management activities and the degree to which they do or do not experience the performing of self-management activities as a burden. Two hundred and ninety-two employees with insulin-treated diabetes completed questionnaires on socio-demographic and illness-related background variables, work experience, diabetes self-efficacy, social support outside of work, coping styles and self-management activities. The results indicate that employees who reported a high workload were more likely to perceive injecting insulin as a burden. The level of social support was positively related to the frequency of dietary self-management in type 2 diabetes and negatively related to the sense of being burdened by dietary self-management in type 1 diabetes. With respect to personal factors, we found that a diabetes avoidance coping style was associated particularly with infrequent blood glucose monitoring and a high sense of being burdened by blood glucose monitoring. Individuals with a low level of self-efficacy were more likely to perceive all types of self-management activities as a burden. These results may guide health professionals when counseling individuals with diabetes.
authors.affiliation: University Medical Center Utrecht, Julius Center for Health Sciences and Primary Care, Section of Medical and Health Psychology (Str. 3.130), The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Weijman
authors.forename: Wynand J G
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Ros
authors.forename: Guy E H M
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Rutten
authors.forename: Wilmar B
authors.initials: WB
authors.lastname: Schaufeli
authors.forename: Marc J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Schabracq
authors.forename: Jacques A M
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Winnubst
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D015190:Blood Glucose Self-Monitoring / Q000523:psychology; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D012646:Self Administration / Q000523:psychology; D012648:Self Care; D012944:Social Support; D016526:Workload
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin