title: High reproducibility of patellar tendon vascularity assessed by colour Doppler ultrasonography: a reliable measurement tool for quantifying tendon pathology.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study examined whether patellar tendon vascularity could be quantified accurately in the clinical setting using colour Doppler ultrasonography.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sonographer and two radiologists visually estimated tendon vascularity in millimetres in 74 tendons during ultrasound (US) examination and from hard copy films. These estimates were then compared to the length of vessels measured from the digital image in millimetres and the correlation between them was determined. A subset of 16 tendons was used to compare the estimates of vascularity by two examiners at US examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The estimation of vascular length at US examination correlated highly with the measured vascular length (r = 0.92; 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.87 to 0.94), as did the length estimated from the films (r = 0.94; 95% CI 0.9 to 0.96). The correlation between examiners was 0.84 (95% CI 0.51 to 0.94) for the estimates made during US examination and 0.85 (95% CI 0.59 to 0.95) for the vessel lengths measured from the digital images.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These excellent correlations indicate that tendon vascularity can be reliably estimated using colour Doppler ultrasonography and tendon vascularity could therefore be used by clinicians to rate clinical change. This method of quantifying tendon vascularity could also be used in research to investigate the effects of tendon treatments on vascularity.
authors.affiliation: La Trobe University, Bundoora, Victoria, Australia. j.cook@latrobe.edu.au
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ptazsnik
authors.forename: Z S
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Kiss
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Malliaras
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: De Luca
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007718:Knee Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D015588:Observer Variation; D010329:Patella / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013708:Tendon Injuries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013710:Tendons / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color / Q000379:methods*