title: [Mapping the sentinel lymph node ex vivo and finding the micrometastasis by CK-immunostaining in carcinoma of the colon and rectum].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the feasibility and utility of an ex vivo sentinel lymph node (SLN) identification and ultrastaging for colorectal cancer (CRC).
  
  
  METHODS
  CRC patients undergoing resection of a primary colorectal cancer were considered for inclusion. Following resection, SLN identification was performed. The SLN was dissected from the mesentery and submitted separately for pathologic analysis. All lymph nodes were stained with HE. Blue lymph nodes, when negative by routine HE staining, were further analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 62 tumors from 60 patients with colorectal cancer were studied. 95.2% (59/62) specimens was successfully identified. In these 59 specimens, a total of 1114 (18.9 per specimens) lymph nodes were examined; of these, 157 (14.9%) were designated as SLNs. The number of blue-stained lymph nodes removed ranged from 1 to 9, with a mean of 2.7 blue nodes identified. The sensitivity of a blue-stained lymph node identifying metastatic disease was 39.1%. The false-negative was 23.7%. In 4 specimens micrometastases were detected only by immunohistochemistry with cytokeratin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ex vivo sentinel lymph nodes mapping in colorectal cancer is feasible and can identify the SLNs with a very high success rate. Ex vivo SLN mapping improves pathologic staging of patients with CRC. The SLN evaluation should not replace attempts to harvest large number of nodes for standard processing. SLN mapping can help improving the number of nodes for pathological examination.
authors.affiliation: Department of Abdominal Surgery, Cancer Center of Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060.
authors.forename: Fu-long
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhi-zhong
authors.initials: ZZ
authors.lastname: Pan
authors.forename: De-sen
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Wan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007633:Keratins / Q000032:analysis; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D012394:Rosaniline Dyes; C025484:iso-sulfan blue; D007633:Keratins