Emerging role of high-density lipoprotein in the prevention of cardiovascular disease.
In major statin trials, the relative risk reduction is typically in the range 25-35%, thus indicating that the majority of cardiac events continues to occur despite statin therapy. Hence, there is a considerable interest in identifying novel therapies capable of further reducing cardiovascular disease risk. One such potential therapeutic target is a low level of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol. Emerging targets involved in HDL metabolism are: (i) liver X receptor and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor agonists; (ii) cholesteryl ester transfer protein inhibitors; (iii) HDL mimetics (ETC-216); (iv) apolipoprotein A-I synthetic peptides; and (v) HDL delipidation and reinfusion. Although they are at various stages of development, each of these therapies has promise for the treatment of cardiovascular disease in humans.
Brousseau
Margaret E
ME
Lipid Metabolism Laboratory, JM-USDA-Human Nutrition Research Center on Aging, Tufts University, Tufts-New England Medical Center, Boston, MA 02111, USA. margaret.brousseau@tufts.edu
D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D053480:Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D006801:Humans; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000502:physiology; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors / Q000502:physiology; D015854:Up-Regulation
D064286:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter 1; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D016632:Apolipoprotein A-I; C506642:CETP protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D053480:Cholesterol Ester Transfer Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D047488:Retinoid X Receptors