title: 5 Hz repetitive TMS increases anticipatory motor activity in the human cortex.
abstract: In the present study, we analyzed how high-frequency repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) of the primary motor hand area (M1-Hand) shapes anticipatory motor activity in frontal areas as indexed by the contingent negative variation (CNV). Eight right-handed volunteers received real or sham 5Hz rTMS at an intensity of 90% resting motor threshold (1,500 stimuli per session). Real but not sham rTMS to left M1-Hand induced a site-specific increase in amplitude of the late component of the CNV at the electrode C3 overlaying the site of stimulation. The increase in pre-movement activity in the stimulated cortex may reflect an increase in facilitatory drive from connected motor areas, enhanced responsiveness of the stimulated cortex to these inputs or both.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Christian-Albrechts University, Schittenhelmstr. 10, 24 105 Kiel, Germany.
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Holler
authors.forename: Hartwig R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Siebner
authors.forename: Ross
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cunnington
authors.forename: Willibald
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gerschlager
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003265:Contingent Negative Variation / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006225:Hand / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000528:radiation effects*; D009044:Motor Cortex / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013997:Time Factors; D050781:Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation / Q000379:methods*