title: Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia: an aggressive form of oral leukoplakia.
abstract: Proliferative verrucous leukoplakia (PVL) is an aggressive form of oral leukoplakia that is persistent, often multifocal, and refractory to treatment with a high risk of recurrence and malignant transformation. This article describes the clinical aspects and histologic features of a case that demonstrated the typical behavior pattern in a long-standing, persistent lesion of PVL of the mandibular gingiva and that ultimately developed into squamous cell carcinoma. Prognosis is poor for this seemingly harmless-appearing white lesion of the oral mucosa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Diagnosis, Oral Medicine, and Radiology, Louisiana State University School of Dentistry, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Shopper
authors.forename: Robert B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Brannon
authors.forename: William H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Stalker
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology*; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000473:pathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D005887:Gingival Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007972:Leukoplakia, Oral / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000473:pathology*; D014860:Warts / Q000473:pathology