title: Novel multifunctional neuroprotective iron chelator-monoamine oxidase inhibitor drugs for neurodegenerative diseases. In vivo selective brain monoamine oxidase inhibition and prevention of MPTP-induced striatal dopamine depletion.
abstract: Several multifunctional iron chelators have been synthesized from hydroxyquinoline pharmacophore of the iron chelator, VK-28, possessing the monoamine oxidase (MAO) and neuroprotective N-propargylamine moiety. They have iron chelating potency similar to desferal. M30 is a potent irreversible rat brain mitochondrial MAO-A and -B inhibitor in vitro (IC50, MAO-A, 0.037 +/- 0.02; MAO-B, 0.057 +/- 0.01). Acute (1-5 mg/kg) and chronic [5-10 mg/kg intraperitoneally (i.p.) or orally (p.o.) once daily for 14 days]in vivo studies have shown M30 to be a potent brain selective (striatum, hippocampus and cerebellum) MAO-A and -B inhibitor. It has little effects on the enzyme activities of the liver and small intestine. Its N-desmethylated derivative, M30A is significantly less active. Acute and chronic treatment with M30 results in increased levels of dopamine (DA), serotonin(5-HT), noradrenaline (NA) and decreases in DOPAC (dihydroxyphenylacetic acid), HVA (homovanillic acid) and 5-HIAA (5-hydroxyindole acetic acid) as determined in striatum and hypothalamus. In the mouse MPTP (N-methy-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine) model of Parkinson's disease (PD) it attenuates the DA depleting action of the neurotoxin and increases striatal levels of DA, 5-HT and NA, while decreasing their metabolites. As DA is equally well metabolized by MAO-A and -B, it is expected that M30 would have a greater DA neurotransmission potentiation in PD than selective MAO-B inhibitors, for which it is being developed, as MAO-B inhibitors do not alter brain dopamine.
authors.affiliation: Eve Topf and US National Parkinson Foundation Centers of Excellence for Neurodegenerative Diseases, Technion-Rappaport Family Faculty of Medicine and Department of Pharmacology, Haifa, Israel.
authors.forename: Shunit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gal
authors.forename: Hailin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Mati
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fridkin
authors.forename: Moussa B H
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Youdim
mesh_terms: D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000588:Amines / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000378:metabolism*; D004298:Dopamine / Q000172:deficiency*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006912:Hydroxyquinolines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000378:metabolism; D007502:Iron Chelating Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010302:Parkinson Disease, Secondary / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C517687:5-(N-methyl-N-propargylaminomethyl)-8-hydroxyquinoline; D000588:Amines; D006912:Hydroxyquinolines; D007502:Iron Chelating Agents; D008996:Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D015632:1-Methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine; D004298:Dopamine