title: Tumors of the shoulder girdle: a review of 194 cases.
abstract: The upper extremity is the third most common site of primary bone and soft-tissue tumors. The purpose of this study was to determine the types and prevalence of bone and soft-tissue tumors that occur in the shoulder girdle and to identify physical findings that may be indicative of malignancy. This is a retrospective review of 194 consecutive neoplasms of the shoulder girdle seen by the senior author from 1996 through 2000. Benign tumors (n = 139) were more common than malignant tumors (n = 55). The presence of pain and the presence of mass were not risk factors for malignancy (P = .41 and P = .16, respectively). Malignant tumors occurred in an older population (P < .0007). Tenderness and tumor location in the scapula were also found to be risk factors for malignancy (P = .0002 and P = .0001, respectively). In summary, we have identified 3 variables that were found to be associated with malignancy in the shoulder girdle: older age, tenderness on palpation, and a lesion in the scapula.
authors.affiliation: Manhattan Orthopaedic & Sports Medicine Group, Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, NY 10029, USA.
authors.forename: Edmond
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Cleeman
authors.forename: Joshua D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Auerbach
authors.forename: Dempsey S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Springfield
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002968:Clavicle; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006811:Humerus; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012540:Scapula; D012785:Shoulder Joint; D012983:Soft Tissue Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology