title: Double hepatitis B virus infection in a patient with HIV/hepatitis C virus coinfection and 'anti-HBc alone' as serological pattern.
abstract: Reported here is a case of double hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in an HIV/hepatitis C virus (HCV)-coinfected patient with antibodies against hepatitis B core antigen as the only serological marker (anti-HBc alone). Two different HBV genotypes were identified in this patient. A search of the medical literature indicated this report is the first to describe a multiple silent HBV infection in an HIV/HCV-coinfected-patient. The elevated incidence of the anti-HBc alone pattern in HIV-positive patients and the increasing number of silent HBV infections detected in those patients demonstrate the need to carefully examine HIV-positive patients for occult HBV infection. In addition, it appears necessary to thoroughly study such patients in order to evaluate the impact of mixed HBV infection and triple HIV/HCV/HBV infection on morbidity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bacteriology-Virology-Hygiene, Teaching Hospital CHU Dupuytren, 2 avenue Martin Luther King, 87042, Limoges Cedex, France.
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Loustaud-Ratti
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Chemin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Weinbreck
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Denis
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Alain
mesh_terms: D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D006512:Hepatitis B Core Antigens / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral; D006510:Hepatitis B Antibodies; D006512:Hepatitis B Core Antigens