title: Relationships among porcine and human P[6] rotaviruses: evidence that the different human P[6] lineages have originated from multiple interspecies transmission events.
abstract: Porcine rotavirus strains (PoRVs) bearing human-like VP4 P[6] gene alleles were identified. Genetic characterization with either PCR genotyping or sequence analysis allowed to determine the VP7 specificity of the PoRVs as G3, G4, G5 and G9, and the VP6 as genogroup I, that is predictive of a subgroup I specificity. Sequence analysis of the VP8* trypsin-cleavage product of VP4 allowed PoRVs to be characterized further into genetic lineages within the P[6] genotype. Unexpectedly, the strains displayed significantly higher similarity (up to 94.6% and 92.5% at aa and nt level, respectively) to human M37-like P[6] strains (lineage I), serologically classifiable as P2A, or to the atypical Hungarian P[6] human strains (HRVs), designated as lineage V (up to 97.0% aa and 96.1% nt), than to the porcine P[6] strain Gottfried, lineage II (<85.1% aa and 82.2 nt), which is serologically classified as P2B. Interestingly, no P[6] PoRV resembling the original prototype porcine strain, Gottfried, was detected, while Japanase P[6] PoRV clustered with the atypical Japanase G1 human strain AU19. By analysis of the 10th and 11th genome segments, all the strains revealed a NSP4B genogroup (Wa-like) and a NSP5/6 gene of porcine origin. These findings strongly suggest interspecies transmission of rotavirus strains and/or genes, and may indicate the occurrence of at least 3 separate rotavirus transmission events between pigs and humans, providing convincing evidence that evolution of human rotaviruses is tightly intermingled with the evolution of animal rotaviruses.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Sanità e Benessere Animale, Facoltà di Medicina Veterinaria di Bari, S.p. per Casamassima km 3, 70010 Valenzano, Bari, Italy.
authors.forename: Vito
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Martella
authors.forename: Krisztián
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bányai
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ciarlet
authors.forename: Miren
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iturriza-Gómara
authors.forename: Eleonora
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lorusso
authors.forename: Simona
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Grazia
authors.forename: Serenella
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arista
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Decaro
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Elia
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cavalli
authors.forename: Marialaura
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Corrente
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lavazza
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Baselga
authors.forename: Canio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Buonavoglia
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013045:Species Specificity; D013552:Swine / Q000821:virology*; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D015047:Zoonoses / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D014764:Viral Proteins