title: Polyurethane biocidal polymeric surface modifiers.
abstract: Polyurethanes (PUs) with soft blocks containing semifluorinated (-CH2OCH2CF3) and 5,5-dimethylhydantoin pendant groups were prepared and employed (2 wt%) as biocidal polymeric surface modifiers (PSMs) for a conventional PU coating comprised of an isophorone diisocyanate/1,4-butanediol-derived hard block (50%) and poly(tetramethylene oxide) soft block. Surface enrichment of the PSM was verified by dynamic contact angle measurements. The PSM modified PU was activated by converting near-surface amide groups to chloramide with 3wt% hypochlorite. The conversion of near-surface amide to chloramide is reflected in somewhat increased hydrophobic character for the antimicrobial chloramide functionalized surfaces. Biocidal activity against both Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) and Gram-negative (Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Escherichia coli) bacteria was demonstrated by using a modified version of American Association of Textile Chemists and Colorists (AATCC-100) test. By changing the PSM concentration it was found that only 1.6 wt% PSM (0.66 wt% biocide, 5,5-dimethylhydantoin) in a conventional PU affected complete kill of P. aeruginosa in 15 min by using this biocidal testing protocol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical and Life Science Engineering, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, VA 23284, USA.
authors.forename: Umit
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Makal
authors.forename: Lynn
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: Dennis E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Ohman
authors.forename: Kenneth J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Wynne
mesh_terms: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects; D005461:Fluorine; D006827:Hydantoins / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D036103:Nanotechnology; D011140:Polyurethanes / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D006827:Hydantoins; D011140:Polyurethanes; D005461:Fluorine; C030615:5,5-dimethylhydantoin