title: Improved daytime spirometric efficacy of tiotropium compared with salmeterol in patients with COPD.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The Global Initiative for Chronic Obstructive Lung Disease (GOLD) recommends long-acting bronchodilators as first-line maintenance treatment for patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). A study was conducted comparing the long-acting anticholinergic tiotropium with the long-acting beta-agonist salmeterol to confirm the significant improvements in daytime bronchodilator efficacy seen with tiotropium in previous studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized, double-blind, double-dummy, parallel-group study, comparing daytime bronchodilator efficacy of tiotropium 18 mcg once daily with salmeterol 50 mcg twice daily in patients with COPD. Serial spirometry was performed over 12 h after 12 weeks of treatment. Co-primary endpoints were average (over 12 h) and peak FEV1 at 12 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  653 patients were randomized (328 tiotropium, 325 salmeterol): mean age 64 years; 66% male; mean baseline FEV1 1.05 l (37.7% predicted). After 12 weeks, the average post-dose FEV1 over 12 h was significantly higher with tiotropium compared with salmeterol (167 vs. 130 mL, respectively, p=0.03), as was peak FEV1 (262 vs. 216 ml, respectively, p=0.01). The average FEV1 responses from 0-6 h and 6-12 h were higher in the tiotropium group compared with salmeterol (p<0.05). Peak and average FVC were significantly higher with tiotropium compared with salmeterol (p<0.01). Morning pre-dose FEV1 responses were not significantly different; however, tiotropium demonstrated a significantly higher pre-dose FVC than salmeterol (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tiotropium demonstrated significantly greater post-dose improvements in spirometric parameters compared with salmeterol. These improvements were sustained over 12 h.
authors.affiliation: University of Alabama at Birmingham, 459 Boshell Diabetes Building, 1808 7th Avenue South, Birmingham, AL, USA. dbriggs@chairdom.dom.uab.edu
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Briggs
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Covelli
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lapidus
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhattycharya
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kesten
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cassino
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000420:Albuterol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000068299:Salmeterol Xinafoate; D012602:Scopolamine Derivatives / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000069447:Tiotropium Bromide; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D012602:Scopolamine Derivatives; D000068299:Salmeterol Xinafoate; D000420:Albuterol; D000069447:Tiotropium Bromide