Direct stochastic simulation of Ca2+ motion in Xenopus eggs.
The release of important intracellular ions has been widely modeled using two approaches, namely, (1) Fickian diffusion, in which sometimes tensorial diffusion coefficients are used to fit observed temporally varying concentrations of calcium, and (2) cellular automata, which produce a set of localized finite difference equations that result in complex global behavior. Here, we take a different approach, employing some assumed, a priori, distribution of ion-binding proteins in the cell, and some assumed biochemical capture and release characteristics to explain ionic motion, and ultimately, distribution. We study several scenarios for ion distribution, based on differences in binder action and distribution. The numbers and strengths of ion binders, spatial variation in inositol 1,4,5-triphosphate concentration, together with the escalating distribution of ionic diffusion speed, are found to be key factors leading to concavity in the Ca2+ wave shape. We also offer an explanation for geometrical effects on previously observed ion diffusion speeds in the cellular cortex of the Xenopus laevis egg during fertilization, based on an angle-of-view correction.
Yi
Y-B
YB
Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan 48109, USA.
Wang
H
H
Sastry
A M
AM
Lastoskie
C M
CM
D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology*; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003198:Computer Simulation; D004058:Diffusion; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000502:physiology*; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D008956:Models, Chemical; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009865:Oocytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D013269:Stochastic Processes; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000502:physiology*
D015220:Calcium Channels; D002118:Calcium