title: Decreased beta-cell function in overweight Latino children with impaired fasting glucose.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether overweight Latino children with impaired fasting glucose (IFG) (> or = 100 mg/dl) have increased insulin resistance or decreased beta-cell function compared with those with normal fasting glucose (NFG).
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 207 healthy overweight Latino children, aged 8-13 years, with a family history of type 2 diabetes. Fasting and 2-h glucose and insulin were assessed by oral glucose tolerance test. Insulin sensitivity (S(i)), the acute insulin response to glucose (AIRg), and the disposition index (DI; an index of beta-cell function) were determined using the insulin-modified intravenous glucose tolerance test and minimal modeling. Body composition was determined by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no differences in body composition between NFG (n = 182) and IFG (n = 25) children. Compared with children with NFG, children with IFG had higher fasting and 2-h glucose values and higher fasting insulin. After adjusting for covariates, children with IFG had no difference in S(i) but 15% lower DI than NFG children (2,224 +/- 210 vs. 2,613 +/- 76, P < 0.05). Multivariate linear regression showed that AIRg and DI, but not S(i), were significant predictors of fasting blood glucose.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In overweight Latino adolescents with a family history of type 2 diabetes, IFG is associated with impaired beta-cell function and therefore may identify children likely to be at risk for progression to type 2 diabetes. The actual risk of progression of IFG to type 2 diabetes remains to be determined by prospective longitudinal studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California 90033, USA.
authors.forename: Marc J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Weigensberg
authors.forename: Geoff D C
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Ball
authors.forename: Gabriel Q
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Shaibi
authors.forename: Martha L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Cruz
authors.forename: Michael I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Goran
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose; D002648:Child; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000208:ethnology / Q000378:metabolism*; D005215:Fasting; D005260:Female; D018149:Glucose Intolerance / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin