title: Doppler evaluation of pediatric goiter: effect of mandatory iodination.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the hemodynamic status of the thyroid in children with goiter after the use of iodinated dietary salt for 3 years in a region of endemic iodine deficiency.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-six children between 7 and 12 years of age were included in the study. Three groups were constituted according to sonographically measured thyroid volume and urinary iodine excretion levels. Group 1 included 11 children with thyroid volumes greater than the 97th percentile according to age and sex criteria suggested by the World Health Organization International Council for Control of Iodine Deficiency Disorders and urinary iodine level lower than 100 microg/l. Group 2 included 30 children with thyroid volumes greater than the 97th percentile and urinary iodine level equal to or higher than 100 microg/l. The control group included 25 children who had normal thyroid volume and urinary iodine level. All children were examined by thyroid duplex sonography. Peak systolic velocity (PSV) and resistance index (RI) were measured in the inferior thyroid artery bilaterally.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PSV in group 1 was significantly higher than in group 2 and in the control group (P < 0.05 and P < 0.01, respectively). There was no significant difference between the PSV of group 2 and the control group. The RI in groups 1 and 2 was significantly lower than in the control group (P < 0.01 and P < 0.01, respectively). There was no significant difference between the RIs of group 1 and group 2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest an effect of iodination on thyroid hemodynamics before the size of the hyperplastic thyroid returned to normal, in keeping with normalization of the urinary iodine level.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Zonguldak Karaelmas University School of Medicine, 67600, Kozlu, Zonguldak, Turkey.
authors.forename: Tülay
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ozer
authors.forename: Fatma
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Demirel
authors.forename: Kamran
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mahmutyazicioĝlu
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gürel
authors.forename: Hüseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ozdemir
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Savranlar
authors.forename: Nejat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Demircan
authors.forename: Sadi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gündoĝdu
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D005260:Female; D006042:Goiter / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007455:Iodine / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use / Q000652:urine; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects*; D018616:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex
chemical_list: D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; C034024:iodized salt; D007455:Iodine