title: The effect of the air-blowing step on the technique sensitivity of four different adhesive systems.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the technique sensitivity of four different adhesive systems using different air-blowing pressure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Four adhesive systems were employed: Clearfil SE Bond [SE] (Kuraray, Japan), G-Bond [GB] (GC Corporation, Japan), Adper Prompt L-Pop [LP] (3M ESPE, USA) and an experimental adhesive, SSB-200 [SSB] (Kuraray, Japan). Twenty-four extracted molars were used. After grinding the coronal enamel surface, the teeth were divided into two equal groups. The first group's teeth were randomly assigned for bonding with the different adhesives using gentle air-blowing (g). For the teeth of the second group, the four adhesive systems were applied using strong air-blowing (s). After storage overnight in 37 degrees C water, the bonded specimens were sectioned into sticks (1 mm x 1 mm wide), which were subjected to microtensile bond strength testing (microTBS) at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min. The load at failure of each specimen was recorded and the data were analyzed by one-way ANOVA and Tukey HSD tests. The surfaces of the fractured specimens were observed using SEM to determine the failure mode.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of the microTBS test showed that the highest bond strengths tended to be with SE for both gentle and strong air-blowing, and the significantly lowest for SSB with strong air streaming. Comparing the two techniques, significant differences were noted only for SSB-200 (P < 0.05). For each material, the SEM evaluation did not show distinct differences in the nature of the fractures between the two techniques, except for SSB-200.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The adhesives tested are not technique sensitive, except SSB-200, with regards to the air-blowing step.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, School of Dentistry, University of Milan, V. Commenda 12, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Spreafico
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Semeraro
authors.forename: Dario
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Mezzanzanica
authors.forename: Dino
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Re
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gagliani
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Hidehiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: Sharanbir K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sidhu
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D003793:Dental Restoration, Permanent / Q000379:methods*; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D013718:Tensile Strength
chemical_list: D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents