title: Neural development by transplanted human embryonal carcinoma stem cells expressing green fluorescent protein.
abstract: For many years, researchers have investigated the fate and potential of neuroectodermal cells during the development of the central nervous system. Although several key factors that regulate neural differentiation have been identified, much remains unknown about the molecular mechanisms that control the fate and specification of neural subtypes, especially in humans. Human embryonal carcinoma (EC) stem cells are valuable research tools for the study of neural development; however, existing in vitro experiments are limited to inducing the differentiation of EC cells into only a handful of cell types. In this study, we developed and characterized a novel EC cell line (termed TERA2.cl.SP12-GFP) that carries the reporter molecule, green fluorescent protein (GFP). We demonstrate that TERA2.cl.SP12-GFP stem cells and their differentiated neural derivatives constitutively express GFP in cells grown both in vitro and in vivo. Cellular differentiation does not appear to be affected by insertion of the transgene. We propose that TERA2.cl.SP12-GFP cells provide a valuable research tool to track the fate of cells subsequent to transplantation into alternative environments and that this approach may be particularly useful to investigate the differentiation of human neural tissues in response to local environmental signals.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological and Biomedical Science, University of Durham, South Road, Durham DH1 3LE, UK. stefan.przyborski@durham.ac.uk
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lako
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Horrocks
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Przyborski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000196:embryology*; D054278:Embryonal Carcinoma Stem Cells; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation / Q000379:methods / Q000473:pathology; D014411:Neoplastic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation
chemical_list: D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins