title: Multivisceral harvest with in vivo technique: methods and results.
abstract: Multivisceral transplants are gaining acceptance worldwide for patients with chronic gastrointestinal failure with or without irreversible total parenteral nutrition (TPN)-related liver failure. We describe our experience with nine multivisceral harvests reporting our in vivo technique. Multivisceral grafts included stomach, duodenum, pancreas, small bowel, and part of large intestine with or without the liver. After a careful evaluation of the liver and the bowel, we isolated the superior mesenteric artery origin. Then we identified the distal part of the graft isolating the middle colic vein and stapling the transverse colon to its left. After esophagus isolation and stapling, we mobilized the graft, starting from the spleen to the pancreaticoduodenal block, near the celiac trunk. After cross-clamping and cold perfusion, we created an aortic patch including the superior mesenteric artery and celiac trunk as a multivisceral harvest without the liver. A total hepatectomy is added for a liver multivisceral graft. We harvested four multivisceral grafts without the liver and five multivisceral grafts with the liver. We performed seven multivisceral transplants on adult recipients, four without the liver and three with the liver, as well as two liver and one isolated small bowel transplants. Postreperfusion hemostasis was always satisfactory with a mean ischemia time of 6.5 hours. Four recipients died: there was one intraoperative death due to disseminated intravascular coagulopathy. Another patient underwent graftectomy 1 day after transplantation due to vascular thrombosis. In conclusion, our in vivo technique allows a shorter ischemia time with a minimal postreperfusion bleeding and reduced production of lymphatic ascites, without jeopardizing organ function.
authors.affiliation: UO Chirurgia dei Trapianti di Fegato e Multiorgano, University of Bologna, Policlinico S. Orsola-Malpighi, Bologna, Italy. augustola@yahoo.com
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lauro
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Di Benedetto
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ercolani
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Masetti
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cautero
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Quintini
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dazzi
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: di Francesco
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cucchetti
authors.forename: A D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Pinna
mesh_terms: D005743:Gastrectomy; D006498:Hepatectomy; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000601:surgery; D017093:Liver Failure / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D010180:Pancreatectomy; D010289:Parenteral Nutrition, Total; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000379:methods*; D014781:Viscera / Q000637:transplantation