Complications associated with symptomatic diagnosis in infants with cystic fibrosis.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the complication and hospitalization rates in children with cystic fibrosis (CF) by mode of diagnosis.


METHODS
Newly diagnosed cases of CF were identified from the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation National Patient Registry for 2000 through 2002. Cases were categorized as symptomatic diagnosis (SYMP; n = 1760), prenatal diagnosis (PRE; n = 66), diagnosis by means of newborn screening (NBS; n = 256), or presentation with meconium ileus (MI; n = 484). Complications were defined for the calendar year of diagnosis as stunting (length <3rd percentile), wasting (weight <3rd percentile), positive Pseudomonas aeruginosa culture results, and hypoelectrolytemia or edema and hypoproteinemia.


RESULTS
For infants (age <12 months), 70% of patients with SYMP had at least 1 complication or hospitalization, compared with 29% for patients with NBS diagnosis (P < .0001). Cross-sectional data for 2002 showed that patients with SYMP had significantly more complications compared with patients with NBS diagnosis as old as 20 years. When compared with patients with NBS diagnosis, patients with SYMP had increased mucoid P aeruginosa (P < .05) and decreased pulmonary function as assessed by means of forced expiratory volume in 1 second (P < .01).


CONCLUSIONS
SYMP of CF is associated with increased complication rates throughout infancy, childhood, and adolescence when compared with NBS diagnosis.
Accurso
Frank J
FJ
Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, the Children's Hospital, Denver, Colorado 80218, USA.
Sontag
Marci K
MK
Wagener
Jeffrey S
JS
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D002648:Child; D015362:Child Nutrition Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007019:Hypoproteinemia / Q000209:etiology; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015997:Neonatal Screening / Q000379:methods*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D011552:Pseudomonas Infections / Q000209:etiology; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000209:etiology; D014883:Water-Electrolyte Imbalance / Q000209:etiology