Growth and nutrition in children with chronic kidney disease.
Growth failure remains an important problem for children with kidney disease secondary to medical kidney disease or urologic disorders. In children with chronic kidney disease, growth remains suboptimal even with energy intake above 80% of the recommend daily allowance. Adults who had chronic kidney disease as children frequently report dissatisfaction with final adult height. Additionally, growth failure in children with end-stage renal disease is associated with adverse clinical outcomes, including more frequent hospitalizations and increased mortality. This review describes the prevalence and morbidity associated with growth retardation in US children with chronic kidney disease. Additionally, available strategies to optimize growth and nutrition and current controversies in nutritional management and assessment of nutritional status in children with chronic kidney disease are discussed.
Furth
Susan L
SL
Department of Pediatrics, The Welch Center for Prevention, Epidemiology and Clinical Research, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21287-2535, USA. sfurth@jhmi.edu
D000293:Adolescent; D041923:Adolescent Development; D002648:Child; D002657:Child Development; D002664:Child Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006130:Growth Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009748:Nutrition Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D051436:Renal Insufficiency, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology