title: Detection of Candida dubliniensis in Venezuela.
abstract: Over the past decades there has been a significant increase in fungal infections caused by Candida species, and continues to be common in immunocompromised individuals infected with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Although Candida albicans remains the fungal species most frequently isolated as an opportunistic oral pathogen, other non-albicans are often identified in this cohort of patients, including C. dubliniensis. This yeast is closely related to and shares many phenotypic characteristics with C. albicans. Colonies of these two species appear morphologically identical when not grown on special media. The shared phenotypic characteristics of C. dubliniensis and C. albicans suggest that many C. dubliniensis isolates may have been misidentified as C. albicans in the past. The present studies aim is to recover and identify C. dubliniensis, and presumptive clinical C. albicans, from the oral cavities of HIV-seropositive individuals, comparing conventional media to obtain a simple, low-cost and reliable identification system for C. dubliniensis. A total of 16 isolates (3,98%) had been obtained from 402 HIV infected individuals with recurrent oropharyngitis and were identified as C. dubliniensis. Out of these C. dubliniensis isolates 19% were resistant, with MICs above 64 microg/ml to fluconazole. This constitutes, to the authors knowledge the first recovery of this organism in Venezuela.
authors.affiliation: Sección de Micología Médica, Instituto de Medicina Tropical, Universidad Central de Venezuela. chartung@cantv.net
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Hartung de Capriles
authors.forename: Sofía
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mata-Essayag
authors.forename: Celina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.forename: Maria Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Colella
authors.forename: Arantza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roselló
authors.forename: Carolina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Olaizola
authors.forename: Sylvia Magaldi Teresa
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Abate
mesh_terms: D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002175:Candida / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002180:Candidiasis, Oral / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D015725:Fluconazole; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology; D016533:Mycological Typing Techniques; D010641:Phenotype; D014687:Venezuela / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D015725:Fluconazole