title: The contribution of specific diseases to educational disparities in disability-free life expectancy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined the contribution that specific diseases, as causes of both death and disability, make to educational disparities in disability-free life expectancy (DFLE).
  
  
  METHODS
  We used disability data from the Belgian Health Interview Survey (1997) and mortality data from the National Mortality Follow-Up Study (1991-1996) to assess education-related disparities in DFLE and to partition these differences into additive contributions of specific diseases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The DFLE advantage of higher-educated compared with lower-educated persons was 8.0 years for men and 5.9 years for women. Arthritis (men, 1.3 years; women, 2.2 years), back complaints (men, 2.1 years), heart disease/stroke (men, 1.5 years; women, 1.6 years), asthma/chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) (men, 1.2 years; women, 1.5 years), and "other diseases" (men, 2.4 years) contributed the most to this difference.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Disabling diseases, such as arthritis, back complaints, and asthma/COPD, contribute substantially to differences in DFLE by education. Public health policy aiming to reduce existing disparities in the DFLE and to improve population health should not only focus on fatal diseases but also on these nonfatal diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. w.nusselder@erasmusmc.nl
authors.forename: Wilma J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Nusselder
authors.forename: Caspar W N
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Looman
authors.forename: Johan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Mackenbach
authors.forename: Martijn
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Huisman
authors.forename: Herman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: van Oyen
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Deboosere
authors.forename: Sylvie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gadeyne
authors.forename: Anton E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Kunst
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000191:economics* / Q000401:mortality*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008017:Life Expectancy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged