title: Deficits on a probabilistic response-reversal task in patients with pediatric bipolar disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Patients with bipolar disorder become hyperhedonic when manic and anhedonic when depressed; therefore, it is important to test whether patients with bipolar disorder show deficits on behavioral paradigms exploring reward/punishment mechanisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  A probabilistic response-reversal task was administered to 24 bipolar children and 25 comparison subjects.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients made more errors during probabilistic reversal, took longer to learn the new reward object, and were less likely to meet the learning criterion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Children with bipolar disorder may have a reversal learning deficit.
authors.affiliation: Mood and Anxiety Program, National Institute of Mental Health, Bldg. 10, Rm. 4N-208, 10 Center Dr.-MSC 1255, Bethesda, MD 20892-1255, USA.
authors.forename: Tristan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gorrindo
authors.forename: R J R
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Blair
authors.forename: Salima
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Budhani
authors.forename: Daniel P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Dickstein
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Pine
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Leibenluft
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000342:Affective Symptoms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D000367:Age Factors; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007859:Learning Disabilities / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology; D012193:Reversal Learning / Q000502:physiology*