title: Failure of tacrolimus to prevent aspirin-induced respiratory reactions in patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In patients with aspirin-exacerbated respiratory disease (AERD), pretreatment with asthma controller medications (leukotriene modifiers, inhaled or systemic corticosteroids, and salmeterol) partially modifies the severity of aspirin-induced asthmatic reactions.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  A recent study showed that pretreatment with tacrolimus completely prevented aspirin-induced respiratory reactions and might allow silent aspirin desensitization.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients with rhinosinusitis, nasal polyps, and asthma had a history of asthma attacks after ingesting aspirin and nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. All underwent baseline oral aspirin challenges and had typical respiratory reactions. They were then randomized to receive tacrolimus (0.1 mg/kg weight; 8 patients) or placebo (2 patients) in a double-blind protocol before rechallenge with aspirin using the previous provoking dose of aspirin. In addition, respiratory reactions sustained by 50 consecutive patients with AERD during 2004 were recorded, analyzed, and compared with the tacrolimus/placebo-treated patients to determine whether there were any differences.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tacrolimus pretreatment failed to block respiratory reactions to provoking doses of aspirin in 5 of 8 patients with AERD, and in the other 3 patients did not block higher doses of aspirin. The results of oral aspirin challenges in the control population of 50 patients were compared with either the baseline or postchallenge data from the tacrolimus-pretreated or placebo-pretreated patients with AERD, and there were no significant differences.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Use of tacrolimus as add-on pretreatment to prevent reactions to aspirin in patients with AERD or to achieve the goal of silent aspirin desensitization could not be accomplished.
authors.affiliation: Division of Allergy, Asthma and Immunology, Scripps Clinic, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. dstevemd@aol.com
authors.forename: Donald D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Stevenson
authors.forename: Purvi K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Mehra
authors.forename: Andrew A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: White
authors.forename: Sameer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Katherine M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Woessner
authors.forename: Ronald A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Simon
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology; D001241:Aspirin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000276:immunology; D001249:Asthma / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003888:Desensitization, Immunologic; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D001241:Aspirin; D016559:Tacrolimus