title: Effects of music on target-controlled infusion of propofol requirements during combined spinal-epidural anaesthesia.
abstract: The sedative effects of music were evaluated using the bispectral index (BIS) during target-controlled infusion (TCI) propofol. A total of 110 women undergoing hysterectomy were randomly allocated to receive either music or no music. Propofol was administered using target-controlled infusion and the concentration adjusted gradually to achieve an observer's assessment of alertness/sedation (OAA/S) score of 3 intra-operatively. The haemodynamic and bispectral index values during the sedation phase were recorded. Interleukin-6 was evaluated before, immediately after and 1 h following intervention. The music group had a significant reduction in mean (SD) induction time of sedation: 12 (12) min vs. 18 (12) min, p < 0.01; propofol target concentration: 1.6 (0.3) microg.ml(-1) vs. 2.4 (0.4) microg.ml(-1), p < 0.0001; intra-operative amount of propofol: 171 (98) mg vs. 251 (92) mg, p < 0.0001; and significantly higher levels of satisfaction with their peri-operative care: 9.6 (0.6) compared to the control group: 8.1 (1.0), p < 0.0001. No other differences were found. The results show the influence of music on the induction time of sedation, concentration and level of propofol during surgery, and suggest sedative benefits of music.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesiology, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China. zlxu@mails.tjmu.edu.cn
authors.forename: X W
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Manyande
authors.forename: Y K
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000767:Anesthesia, Epidural / Q000379:methods*; D000775:Anesthesia, Spinal / Q000379:methods*; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics; D006801:Humans; D007044:Hysterectomy; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D009147:Music Therapy; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D015850:Interleukin-6; D015742:Propofol