title: Imaging of liver function with dedicated animal dynamic pinhole scintigraphy in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Non-invasive evaluation of liver function in small animal models remains a challenge. Hepatobiliary scintigraphy (HBS) enables the assessment of total and regional liver function for both uptake and excretion in larger species.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To validate quantitative liver function assessment with dedicated pinhole HBS in rats. To illustrate an application of this technique, liver function was assessed in two surgical models of liver regeneration.
  
  
  METHODS
  HBS was performed in 12 rats with 99mTc-mebrofenin on a dedicated animal pinhole gamma camera. The hepatic uptake rate was calculated twice by different observers to establish a normal range and the reproducibility of processing. The degree of hepatocellular injury and synthesis function were assessed by serum liver tests. Liver function was compared with liver weight. Subsequently, three groups of three rats were scanned on three separate days to assess the reproducibility of HBS. Finally, to illustrate an application of this technique, liver function was assessed in two surgical models of liver regeneration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HBS in rats was feasible without mortality. The mean liver uptake rate was 77.29+/-1.29% . min(-1). Calculation of the liver uptake (% . min(-1)) was highly reproducible (r=0.95, P<0.001). There was a good correlation between liver weight and function measured by HBS at baseline and after partial resection (r=0.94, P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HBS offers a unique combination of functional liver uptake and excretion assessment with the ability to determine the liver function reserve before and after an intervention in rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. r.bennink@amc.uva.nl
authors.forename: Roelof J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Bennink
authors.forename: Reeta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vetelainen
authors.forename: Kora
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: de Bruin
authors.forename: Arlène K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: van Vliet
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: van Gulik
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D000818:Animals; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005998:Glycine; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D007098:Imino Acids / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D008099:Liver / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008115:Liver Regeneration / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D007098:Imino Acids; D015609:Organotechnetium Compounds; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; C034837:technetium Tc 99m mebrofenin; D005998:Glycine