title: A comparison of training methods to increase neck muscle strength.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare two neck strength training modalities.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Neck injury in pilots flying high performance aircraft is a concern in aviation medicine. Strength training may be an effective means to strengthen the neck and decrease injury risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cohort consisted of 32 age-height-weight matched participants, divided into two experimental groups; the Multi-Cervical Unit (MCU) and Thera-Band tubing groups (THER), and a control (CTRL) group. Ten weeks of training were undertaken and pre-and post isometric strength testing for all groups was performed on the MCU. Comparisons between the three groups were made using a Kruskal-Wallis test and effect sizes between the MCU and the THER groups and the THER and CTRL groups were also calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MCU group displayed the greatest increase in isometric strength (flexion 64.4%, extension 62.9%, left lateral flexion 53.3%, right lateral flexion 49.1%) and differences were only statistically significant (p<0.05) when compared to the CTRL group. Increases in neck strength for the THER group were lower than that shown in the MCU group (flexion 42.0%, extension 29.9%, left lateral flexion 26.7%, right lateral flexion 24.1%). Moderate to large effect sizes were found between the MCU and THER as well as the THER and CTRL groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated that the MCU was the most effective training modality to increase isometric cervical muscle strength. Thera-Band tubing did however, produce moderate gains in isometric neck strength.
authors.affiliation: School of Physiotherapy, Curtin University of Technology, Perth, Western Australia. a.burnett@curtin.edu.au
authors.forename: Angus F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Burnett
authors.forename: Fiona L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Naumann
authors.forename: Ryan S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: Ross H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Sanders
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015444:Exercise; D006801:Humans; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009334:Neck Muscles / Q000502:physiology*; D010809:Physical Fitness