title: [Pathogenic characters of infected bacteria after liver transplantation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the main pathogens of infection after the liver transplantation and their antibiotic resistant patterns.
  
  
  METHODS
  The main pathogens of infection after the liver transplantation were retrospectively analyzed. Using 3-dimensional tests, ESBLs (extended-spectrum beta-lactamase), and AmpC were detected among the Gram negative bacilli. beta-Lactamase and Van gene in Enterococcus were determined by the standard agar dilution susceptibility tests and Nitrocefin respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The main infected strains were Enterococcus faecalis (15.0%), Enterobacter cloacae (13.9%), fungus (13.3%), and Escherichia coli (10.7%) after the liver transplantation. Among them, 32.4% of Enterobacter cloacae and 36.8% of Escherichia coli produced ESBLs; 33.8% of Enterobacter cloacae and 10.5% of Escherichia coli. produced AmpC beta-lactamases. The detectable rate of VanA gene in Enterococcusfaecalis and Enterococcus faecium was 7.5% and 11.1%; VanB was 3.8% and 7.4%; VanC was 1.3% and 0, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The infection mainly occurs in the intestinal tract after the liver transplantation. The production of ESBLs and AmpC beta-lactamases is the main mechanism of antibiotic resistance. The increased detectable rate of vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus should be paid attention to.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Laboratory, Third Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410013, China. jiandangzhou@126.com
authors.forename: Jian-dang
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Shai-hong
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xin-min
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Nie
authors.forename: Huai-yan
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: Ke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cheng
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics*; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000601:surgery; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000382:microbiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020713:Vancomycin Resistance / Q000235:genetics