title: Geobacteraceae community composition is related to hydrochemistry and biodegradation in an iron-reducing aquifer polluted by a neighboring landfill.
abstract: Relationships between community composition of the iron-reducing Geobacteraceae, pollution levels, and the occurrence of biodegradation were established for an iron-reducing aquifer polluted with landfill leachate by using cultivation-independent Geobacteraceae 16S rRNA gene-targeting techniques. Numerical analysis of denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis (DGGE) profiles and sequencing revealed a high Geobacteraceae diversity and showed that community composition within the leachate plume differed considerably from that of the unpolluted aquifer. This suggests that pollution has selected for specific species out of a large pool of Geobacteraceae. DGGE profiles of polluted groundwater taken near the landfill (6- to 39-m distance) clustered together. DGGE profiles from less-polluted groundwater taken further downstream did not fall in the same cluster. Several individual DGGE bands were indicative of either the redox process or the level of pollution. This included a pollution-indicative band that dominated the DGGE profiles from groundwater samples taken close to the landfill (6 to 39 m distance). The clustering of these profiles and the dominance by a single DGGE band corresponded to the part of the aquifer where organic micropollutants and reactive dissolved organic matter were attenuated at relatively high rates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Cell Physiology, Faculty of Earth and Life Sciences, Vrije Universiteit, De Boelelaan 1085, NL-1081 HV Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Braster
authors.forename: Boris M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: van Breukelen
authors.forename: Henk W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: van Verseveld
authors.forename: Hans V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Westerhoff
authors.forename: Wilfred F M
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Röling
mesh_terms: D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D020564:Deltaproteobacteria / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017753:Ecosystem; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel / Q000379:methods; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology*; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D012037:Refuse Disposal / Q000379:methods*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014877:Water Pollution, Chemical
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D007501:Iron