title: [Influence of different porcelain surface treatment method on the bonding of metal brackets to porcelain].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the influence of different porcelain surface treatment methods on the shear bond strength of metal brackets bonded to porcelain.
  
  
  METHODS
  80 porcelain facets were divided randomly into two groups according to different adhesive material that was used to bond metal brackets. Adhesive material were Jing-Jin enamel adhesive and light-cured composite resin. Each group was further divided into 4 subgroups according to different surface treatment methods, which were acid etching with 37% phosphoric acid (H3PO4), acid etching with 9.6% hydrofluoric acid (HF), deglazing by grinding and silanating the porcelain surface. All specimens were stored in 37 degrees C water for 24 hours and then the shear bond strength and the porcelain fracture after debonding was determined. The porcelain surfaces after HF etching, H3PO4 etching and deglazing by grinding were examined by scanning electron microscopy respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The shear bond strengths in the HF etching groups, the deglazing groups and the silanating groups were much greater than that in the phosphoric etching groups (P < 0.01). Adequate orthodontic bonding strength was achieved both when bonded with light-cured composite resin after deglazing by grinding and when bonded with either of these adhesives after HF etching or surface silanating. There were no differences in the rates of porcelain fractures among groups (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HF etching, deglazing by grinding and silanating can all increase the shear bond strength between metal bracket and porcelain. Surface silanating of porcelain is a better surface treatment when metal brackets bonded to porcelain.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Orthodontics, The Affiliated Hospital of Medical College, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266003, China.
authors.forename: Cun-Hui
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xin-Qiang
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D003188:Composite Resins; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003743:Dental Enamel; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D006858:Hydrofluoric Acid; D008670:Metals; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D019279:Resin Cements; D033081:Shear Strength; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D003188:Composite Resins; D008670:Metals; D019279:Resin Cements; D003776:Dental Porcelain; D006858:Hydrofluoric Acid