title: Brominated flame retardants and other organobromines in Norwegian predatory bird eggs.
abstract: A set of 62 unhatched eggs was collected from six different predatory bird species throughout Norway after incubation period was completed. They were analysed for PBDE, PBB, TBBP A and naturally occurring halogenated compounds. BDE 47, 99 and 153 were the dominating congeners, with species dependent PBDE patterns. BDE 153 was observed as the most abundant congener in eggs of peregrine falcon, golden eagle and merlin. The highest PBDE level (sum of nine congeners) was found in eggs of white-tailed sea eagle with up to 800ng/gww (median sumPBDE: 184ng/gww), followed by eggs of peregrine falcon and osprey (median sumPBDE: 155 and 105ng/gww, respectively). Golden eagle eggs showed the lowest concentration of all species (median sumPBDE: 3ng/gww). The levels in the peregrine falcon are similar to those found earlier in the Baltic region [Lindberg, P., Sellstrom, U., Haggberg, L., de Wit, C.A., 2004. Higher brominated diphenyl ethers and hexabromocyclododecane found in eggs of peregrine falcons (Falco peregrinus) breeding in Sweden. Environmental Science & Technology. 38 (1), 93-96]. The differences between species are not fully explainable, due to lack of data from the major food species. BB 101 and 153 were found in eggs of all investigated bird species. Especially in samples of white-tailed sea eagle, peregrine falcon and goshawk additional unknown penta- and hexabrominated biphenyls were detected. TBBP A was detected in all of eight eggs analysed sampled from four different bird of prey species. The naturally occurring halogenated compounds Q1, the dibromotrichloro monoterpene MHC-1, and 2,4,6-tribromoanisole (TBA) were detected in all of seven analysed samples except for one peregrine falcon egg.
authors.affiliation: Norwegian Institute for Air Research, NO-9296 Tromsø and NO-2027 Kjeller, Norway. dorte.herzke@nilu.no
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Herzke
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kallenborn
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nygård
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Vetter
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017605:Bromine Compounds / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D005260:Female; D005411:Flame Retardants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D020387:Food Chain; D009664:Norway; D010063:Ovum / Q000737:chemistry; D011235:Predatory Behavior; D020304:Raptors
chemical_list: D017605:Bromine Compounds; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D005411:Flame Retardants