title: Anatomically constrained dipole adjustment (ANACONDA) for accurate MEG/EEG focal source localizations.
abstract: This paper proposes an alternative approach to enhance localization accuracy of MEG and EEG focal sources. The proposed approach assumes anatomically constrained spatio-temporal dipoles, initial positions of which are estimated from local peak positions of distributed sources obtained from a pre-execution of distributed source reconstruction. The positions of the dipoles are then adjusted on the cortical surface using a novel updating scheme named cortical surface scanning. The proposed approach has many advantages over the conventional ones: (1) as the cortical surface scanning algorithm uses spatio-temporal dipoles, it is robust with respect to noise; (2) it requires no a priori information on the numbers and initial locations of the activations; (3) as the locations of dipoles are restricted only on a tessellated cortical surface, it is physiologically more plausible than the conventional ECD model. To verify the proposed approach, it was applied to several realistic MEG/EEG simulations and practical experiments. From the several case studies, it is concluded that the anatomically constrained dipole adjustment (ANACONDA) approach will be a very promising technique to enhance accuracy of focal source localization which is essential in many clinical and neurological applications of MEG and EEG.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Minnesota, 7-105 BSBE, 312 Church Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA. ichism@elecmech.snu.ac.kr
authors.forename: Chang-Hwan
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Im
authors.forename: Hyun-Kyo
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fujimaki
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D015225:Magnetoencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D008959:Models, Neurological; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity