title: Patients' knowledge and beta blocker treatment improve prognosis of patients from a heart failure clinic.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several studies have shown improvement of prognosis in patients managed in heart failure (HF) clinics. However, the value of the individual management components is not well established.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the prognostic value of pharmacological treatment and patient's knowledge in patients receiving care in a HF clinic.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In our prospective cohort study we followed 115 patients (50 from an HF clinic and 65 receiving usual care) for at least 12 months. Knowledge was assessed using a Patient Knowledge Questionnaire (PKQ). During a median follow-up of 561 days, fewer patients from the HF clinic died or were rehospitalized due to HF than those receiving usual care (42% vs. 65%, p = 0.016). The prescription rates of ACE inhibitors (94% to 98%) and beta blockers (40% to 94%) increased in the patients from the HF clinic. In these patients the PKQ score also increased from 4.8 (1.5) to 7.9 (1.3), p<0.001. In the Cox proportional hazard model, treatment with beta blockers at > or = 50% of the target daily dose (Hazard Ratio [HR] 0.3, 95% Confidence Interval [CI] 0.10-0.95) and a PKQ score <7 (HR 3.92, 95% CI 1.39-11.03) predicted prognosis in the patients from the HF clinic.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patient management in the HF clinic reduced the incidence of death or of HF rehospitalization. Poor prognosis of patients receiving care in the HF clinic was predicted by poor patient knowledge and underdosing with beta blockers.
authors.affiliation: General Hospital Murska Sobota, Internal Medicine Department, Dr. Vrbnjaka 6, SI-9000 Murska Sobota, Slovenia. mitja.lainscak@guest.arnes.si
authors.forename: Mitja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lainscak
authors.forename: Irena
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Keber
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000368:Aged; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors