title: In vitro stimulation of murine peritoneal monocytes induced by alginates.
abstract: In this trial we assessed the effect of soluble alginates on murine cells. Mouse peritoneal monocytes were stimulated in vitro with a solution of alginate. The production of TNF-alpha and nitric oxide (NO), the expression of surface molecules CD80 and CD86, and the ability of monocytes to phagocyte bacteria were assessed, in order to evaluate the effect of alginate on cell functionality. We showed that mouse peritoneal monocytes stimulated with alginate produce NO and TNF-alpha. In addition, alginate is able also to increase their phagocytic activity and to a lesser extent also to increase the expression of CD80. Even with different degrees, it implies that alginates per se act directly on immune response, being able to effectively stimulate proinflammatory activity. These findings corroborate the idea that alginates can represent interesting adjuvants to use to increase the efficacy of antigenic stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Sanità Alimentare ed Animale, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Istituto Superiore di Sanità, Rome, Italy. pasquali@iss.it
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pasquali
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zalcman
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Murtas
authors.forename: Rosanna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Adone
authors.forename: Gianfranco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brambilla
authors.forename: Cinzia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Marianelli
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cagiola
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ciuchini
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000464:Alginates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001202:Ascitic Fluid / Q000187:drug effects; D018122:B7-1 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D008262:Macrophage Activation; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009000:Monocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000464:Alginates; D018122:B7-1 Antigen; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009569:Nitric Oxide