title: P-Ser-HPr--a link between carbon metabolism and the virulence of some pathogenic bacteria.
abstract: HPr kinase/phosphorylase phosphorylates HPr, a phosphocarrier protein of the phosphoenolpyruvate:carbohydrate phosphotransferase system, at serine-46. P-Ser-HPr is the central regulator of carbon metabolism in Gram-positive bacteria, but also plays a role in virulence development of certain pathogens. In Listeria monocytogenes, several virulence genes, which depend on the transcription activator PrfA, are repressed by glucose, fructose, etc., in a catabolite repressor (CcpA)-independent mechanism. However, the catabolite co-repressor P-Ser-HPr was found to inhibit the activity of PrfA. In an hprKV267F mutant, in which most of the HPr is transformed into P-Ser-HPr, PrfA was barely active. The ptsH1 mutation (Ser-46 of HPr replaced with an alanine) prevented the inhibitory effect of the hprKV267F mutation. Interestingly, disruption of ccpA also inhibited PrfA activity. This effect is probably also mediated via P-Ser-HPr, since ccpA disruption leads to elevated amounts of P-Ser-HPr. Indeed, a ccpA ptsH1 double mutant exhibited normal PrfA activity. In S. pyogenes, the expression of several virulence genes depends on the transcription activator Mga. Interestingly, the mga promoter is preceded by an operator site, which serves as target for the CcpA/P-Ser-HPr complex. Numerous Gram-negative pathogens also contain hprK, which is often organised in an operon with transcription regulators necessary for the development of virulence, indicating that in these organisms P-Ser-HPr also plays a role in pathogenesis. Indeed, inactivation of Neisseria meningitidis hprK strongly diminished cell adhesion of this pathogen.
authors.affiliation: Microbiologie et Génétique Moléculaire, CNRS/INRA/INA-PG UMR2585, F-78850 Thiverval-Grignon, France. jdeu@grignon.inra.fr
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deutscher
authors.forename: Rana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Herro
authors.forename: Alexa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bourand
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Mijakovic
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Poncet
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000201:enzymology / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D006094:Gram-Positive Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity; D008954:Models, Biological; D010454:Peptide Termination Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000502:physiology*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D013297:Streptococcus pyogenes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D010454:Peptide Termination Factors; C068267:mry protein, Streptococcus pyogenes; C110846:YvoE protein, Bacillus substilis; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases