title: Impact of the use of waste on trace element concentrations in cement and concrete.
abstract: The results of model calculations carried out to identify and quantify the input pathways of trace elements into cement and concrete and to estimate the extent to which trace element concentrations in cement may change due to waste utilization are presented. As expected, primary raw materials represented the most important input pathway for trace elements into cement, but the contribution from wastes was not negligible. The use of waste led to a slight increase of the concentrations of cadmium, antimony and zinc in cement. For cobalt, lead and vanadium, this increase was less distinct and for all other trace elements considered, the effect of the use of wastes on trace element concentrations in cement could not be demonstrated clearly. The trace element content of concrete was governed by the aggregates for most elements considered. However, for arsenic, cadmium, lead and zinc, both cement and the additive coal fly ash contributed noticeably to the total trace element concentration in the concrete.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Technikfolgenabschätzung und Systemanalyse, Forschungszentrum Karlsruhe, Karlsruhe, Germany. Matthias.Achternbosch@itas.fzk.de
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Achternbosch
authors.forename: Klaus-Rainer
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Bräutigam
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hartlieb
authors.forename: Christel
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kupsch
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Richers
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stemmermann
mesh_terms: D001151:Arsenic / Q000032:analysis*; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D003252:Construction Materials; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D007220:Industrial Waste; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000032:analysis*; D012037:Refuse Disposal
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D007220:Industrial Waste; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D001151:Arsenic