title: Anthrax: pathological aspects in autopsy cases in Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran, 1960-2001.
abstract: Anthrax, like tuberculosis, shows a new epidemic spread in industrialized countries, revealing some ambiguous aspects to the disease and providing new challenges to medicine. Shiraz University of Medical Sciences has records of 7130 autopsies performed in the past 40 years, 33 of which are anthrax cases. We reviewed all the pathology slides of these cases and classified the organs involved in a search for unrecognized microscopic findings. The most common cause of death was sepsis, caused by organ involvement and direct cytotoxicity of Bacillus anthracis, in addition to its exotoxin production. Novel findings included hyaline membrane formation in respiratory system cases that is similar to acute (adult) respiratory distress syndrome and evidence of primary gastrointestinal involvement, showing the ability of the organism to pass the gastric barrier.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Islamic Republic of Iran.
authors.forename: S Z
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Tabei
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mowla
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Nabavizadeh
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Razmkon
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000881:Anthrax / Q000145:classification / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D001344:Autopsy; D002423:Cause of Death; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003603:Cytotoxins / Q000009:adverse effects; D005098:Exotoxins / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007492:Iran / Q000453:epidemiology; D008206:Lymphatic Diseases / Q000382:microbiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000382:microbiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D018805:Sepsis / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D003603:Cytotoxins; D005098:Exotoxins