title: Pain on injection of lipid-free propofol and propofol emulsion containing medium-chain triglyceride: a comparative study.
abstract: Pain on injection of propofol continues to be a problem for anesthesiologists. A lipid-free formulation of propofol and a propofol emulsion containing medium-chain triglyceride have become available in the Indian market. We performed this study to assess the pain on injection of propofol emulsion containing medium-chain triglyceride as the lipid carrier and lipid-free propofol formulation. One-hundred-thirty adult patients were randomly assigned to one of two groups: Group I received propofol emulsion containing medium-chain triglyceride and Group II received lipid-free propofol. One fourth of the total calculated induction dose was injected over 5 s in the largest vein on the dorsum of a hand. Pain was assessed using verbal response and behavioral signs. Both formulations caused pain on injection. However, the lipid-free propofol solution produced frequent (89%) and severe pain on injection compared with the emulsion containing medium-chain triglyceride (40%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pain on injection of two formulations of propofol was compared. A lipid-free formulation produced more pain on injection as compared with the emulsion containing medium-chain triglyceride.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology & Critical Care Medicine, Indira Gandhi Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India.
authors.forename: Prakash K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Dubey
authors.forename: Arun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kumar
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004655:Emulsions; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D014280:Triglycerides; D015742:Propofol