title: The design of the Dutch EASYcare study: a randomised controlled trial on the effectiveness of a problem-based community intervention model for frail elderly people [NCT00105378].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Because of their complex clinical presentations and needs frail elderly people require another approach than people who age without many complications. Several inpatient geriatric health services have proven effectiveness in frail persons. However, the wish to live independently and policies that promote independent living as an answer to population aging call for community intervention models for frail elderly people. Maybe models such as preventive home visits, comprehensive geriatric assessment, and intermediate care qualify, but their efficacy is controversial, especially in frail elderly persons living in the community. With the Dutch EASYcare Study Geriatric Intervention Programme (DGIP) we developed a model to study effectiveness of problem based community intervention models in frail elderly people.
  
  
  METHODS
  DGIP is a community intervention model for frail elderly persons where the GP refers elderly patients with a problem in cognition, mood, behaviour, mobility, and nutrition. A geriatric specialist nurse applies a guideline-based intervention with a limited number of follow up visits. The intervention starts with the application of the EASYcare instrument for geriatric screening. The EASYcare instrument assesses (instrumental) activities of daily life, cognition, mood, and includes a goal setting item. During the intervention the nurse regularly consults the referring GP and a geriatrician. Effects on functional performance (Groningen Activity Restriction Scale), health related quality of life (MOS-20), and carer burden (Zarit Burden Interview) are studied in an observer blinded randomised controlled trial. 151 participants were randomised over two treatment arms--DGIP and regular care--using pseudo cluster randomisation. We are currently performing the follow up visits. These visits are planned three and six months after inclusion. Process measures and cost measures will be recorded. Intention to treat analyses will focus on post intervention differences between treatment groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The design of a trial evaluating the effects of a community intervention model for frail elderly people was presented. The problem-based participant selection procedure satisfied; few patients that the GP referred did not meet our eligibility criteria. The use of standard terminology makes detailed insight into the contents of our intervention possible using terminology others can understand well.
authors.affiliation: Department of Geriatric Medicine, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, PO box 9101, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands. r.melis@ger.umcn.nl
authors.forename: René J F
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Melis
authors.forename: Monique I J
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: van Eijken
authors.forename: George F
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Borm
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wensing
authors.forename: Eddy
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Adang
authors.forename: Eloy H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: van de Lisdonk
authors.forename: Theo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: van Achterberg
authors.forename: Marcel G M
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Olde Rikkert
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003071:Cognition; D003152:Community Health Nursing / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005260:Female; D016330:Frail Elderly; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D005851:Geriatric Nursing / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006699:Home Care Services / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017146:Models, Organizational; D009426:Netherlands; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods*; D018579:Patient Selection; D015397:Program Evaluation; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic / Q000379:methods*; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D012107:Research Design