title: Perioperative management of patients undergoing elective colorectal surgery in Israel: a national survey.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The approach to perioperative antibiotic prophylaxis, bowel preparation, and postoperative routines in elective colorectal resections has changed over the last two decades. The aim of this national survey was to document the current methods of perioperative management of those patients scheduled for elective colorectal resections in surgical departments in Israel.
  
  
  METHODS
  A mail and telephone survey of surgical departments was conducted in 2001 in order to evaluate the routines of perioperative management of elective colorectal resections. Re-evaluation was performed in 2004.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 2001, all but one of the responders used low-residue diet preoperatively and combined oral and parenteral antibiotic prophylaxis. Polyethylene glycol or sodium phosphate bowel preparation was used by 69% of the responders. The most common oral regimens were a combination of neomycin plus metronidazole (43.5%) or neomycin plus erythromycin (47.8%). The most common parenteral regimens used were gentamicin plus metronidazole or gentamicin plus metronidazole plus ampicillin (56.5% and 17% of the responders, respectively). Cephalosporins alone or in combination were used in three departments. In 17 departments (74%), parenteral prophylactic antibiotics were continued for 24 h or longer (up to 72 h). All but one of the departments left a nasogastric tube for 1-5 days after surgery. There were substantial changes over the last three years-that is, less use of preoperative restriction diets, shorter duration of perioperative antibiotic coverage, more common use of cephalosporins, switch to sodium dihydrogen and sodium hydrogen phosphate bowel preparation, shorter use of postoperative nasogastric drainage, and faster resumption of peroral fluids.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In 2001, the majority of surgical departments in Israel used a conservative approach to perioperative management of patients undergoing elective colorectal resections. Significant changes occurred during the last three years. The perioperative routines used today in most general surgery departments in Israel comply with current recommendations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery B, Meir General Hospital and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel. shpitzca@post.tau.ac.il
authors.forename: Baruch
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shpitz
authors.forename: Petachia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Reissman
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rabau
authors.forename: Yehiel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ziv
mesh_terms: D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D003106:Colon / Q000601:surgery*; D003107:Colorectal Surgery; D017558:Elective Surgical Procedures; D004733:Enema; D006306:Health Surveys; D006757:Hospital Units; D006801:Humans; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal; D007557:Israel; D019990:Perioperative Care / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends*; D012007:Rectum / Q000601:surgery*; D013503:Surgery Department, Hospital; D014600:Utilization Review