title: Multivariate analysis of survival, local control, and time to distant metastases in patients with unresectable non-small-cell lung carcinoma treated with 3-dimensional conformal radiation therapy with or without concurrent chemotherapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Three-dimensional (3D) conformal radiation therapy (CRT) and chemotherapy have recently improved lung cancer management.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed outcomes in 68 patients with unresectable stage I-III non-small-cell lung cancer. Treatment consisted of 3D CRT alone or with concurrent chemotherapy (CCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Concurrent chemotherapy improved survival, to a median of 17 months +/- 4.9 months, compared with 8 months+/- 4.1 months for the radiation therapy (RT) alone group (P=0.0347). The 2- and 5-year survival rates were 40.3%+/-7.7% and 14.1%+/-6.4%, respectively, with CCR, compared with 19.6%+/- 9.6% and 0, respectively, for RT alone. In a subgroup analysis for age > 65, patients who received CCR (n=20) had significantly improved survival and local control (P=0.005 and P=0.0286, respectively). Acute esophageal toxicity Radiation Therapy Oncology Group grade >or= 3 was significantly higher in the CCR group and correlated with the RT dose (19% in CCR vs. 0 in RT, P=0.0234; P=0.050). The overall incidences of esophageal and pulmonary toxicity grade >or= 3 were 20.6% and 5.9%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study confirms that CCR is associated with improved survival over RT alone, with a tolerable increase in acute toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology , University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Michal J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Wolski
authors.forename: Ajay
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bhatnagar
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Flickinger
authors.forename: Chandra P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Belani
authors.forename: Suresh
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ramalingam
authors.forename: Joel S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Greenberger
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D004935:Esophageal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000453:epidemiology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000401:mortality / Q000517:prevention & control; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D020266:Radiotherapy, Conformal; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D016190:Carboplatin; D017239:Paclitaxel