Postoperative ghrelin levels and delayed recovery from body weight loss after distal or total gastrectomy.
BACKGROUND
Body weight loss is a common but one of the most serious sequelae after gastrectomy. Ghrelin, a novel gastric hormone that up-regulates body weight through appetite control and metabolic reaction, seems to be affected by gastric surgery.


METHODS
Early postoperative alteration of serum ghrelin was evaluated at days 3 and 7 after gastrectomy for 13 hospital patients. In 64 outpatients who had previously undergone total gastrectomy (TG: 26 patients) or distal gastrectomy (DG: 38 patients) 4.6 months to 136 months (average, 41 months) earlier, the association between their serum ghrelin and leptin levels and postoperative body weight was investigated.


RESULTS
Serum ghrelin declined immediately and greatly after TG to 12% of the preoperative level (day 3 and day 7), whereas the decline was less significant after DG at 39% (day 3) and 56% (day 7). In outpatients, serum ghrelin after TG was very low compared with the control (18.6 fmol/mL versus 92.1 fmol/mL, P<0.0001), irrespective of the period after surgery, whereas the level after DG recovered and was equivalent to the control (73.4 fmol/mL, P=0.355). Body weight loss was more apparent in TG patients than in DG patients, showing postoperative reduction of body mass index (DeltaBMI) -3.940 versus -1.949 (P<0.0001). Serum leptin concentration, reflecting the systemic fat volume, significantly correlated with BMI in both TG and DG patients, and tended to be lower in TG patients than in DG patients (800 pg/mL versus 1158 pg/mL, P=0.236).


CONCLUSIONS
Persistent decline of serum ghrelin and body weight was observed commonly after total gastrectomy. Further study is needed as to whether or not ghrelin administration can improve the body weight level for these patients.
Takachi
Ko
K
Department of Digestive Surgery, Osaka Medical Center for Cancer and Cardiovascular Diseases, Osaka, Japan.
Doki
Yuichiro
Y
Ishikawa
Osamu
O
Miyashiro
Isao
I
Sasaki
Yo
Y
Ohigashi
Hiroaki
H
Murata
Kohei
K
Nakajima
Hiromu
H
Hosoda
Hiroshi
H
Kangawa
Kenji
K
Sasakuma
Fujiko
F
Imaoka
Shingi
S
D000368:Aged; D000713:Anastomosis, Roux-en-Y; D005260:Female; D005743:Gastrectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005763:Gastroenterostomy; D054439:Ghrelin; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010045:Outpatients; D036361:Peptide Hormones / Q000097:blood*; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000097:blood*; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D015431:Weight Loss
D054439:Ghrelin; D020738:Leptin; D036361:Peptide Hormones