title: Transient otoacoustic emissions in the detection of olivocochlear bundle maturation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The medial olivocochlear bundle, forms a neural pathway connecting the superior olivary complex to the outer hair cells of mainly the contralateral cochlea. Although the biological significance of the bundle remains ambiguous, it is clear that activation of medial olivocochlear fibers alters cochlear output and this can be experimentally evident through a series of changes on otoacoustic emissions, called otoacoustic emission suppression. The aim of this study is to observe the maturation of the medial olivocochlear bundle by measuring the suppression effects on transient otoacoustic emissions.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population consisted of 27 premature babies (53 ears) from the P&A Kyriakou Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (conceptional age: 31-36 weeks) and 43 fullterm babies (61 ears) (conceptional age: 37-42 weeks) from the same unit. The ILO-92 system is used to deliver both the linear clicks to the ear examined (producing the emissions) and the white noise to the contralateral ear. The mode used is based on the alternating on and off presence of the white noise in the contralateral ear.
  
  
  RESULTS
  12/53 (22%) ears of preterm babies presented suppression > or =1 dB. 32/61 (52.4%) ears of fullterm babies presented suppression > or =1 dB. The mean suppression for the ears of premature infants was 0.52 dB, (+/-0.1 S.E.M.). The mean suppression for the ears of fullterm infants was 0.90 dB, (+/-0.09 S.E.M.). At the second half of the time window, suppression of fullterms rises above 1 dB (a pattern similar to that of adults), whereas it remains below 1 dB for preterms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Suppression of otoacoustic emissions helps us to study the function of the medial olivocochlear bundle in different populations. It appears in premature babies but becomes stronger as the postconceptional age advances.
authors.affiliation: ENT Department of Athens National University, Hippokration Hospital, 114 Vas. Sofias Av., GR-11528 Athens, Greece. zoilen@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gkoritsa
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tsakanikos
authors.forename: Stavros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Korres
authors.forename: Heracles
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dellagrammaticas
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Apostolopoulos
authors.forename: Eleftherios
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ferekidis
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D000367:Age Factors; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D001306:Auditory Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D002657:Child Development; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003051:Cochlea / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D005865:Gestational Age; D018072:Hair Cells, Auditory, Outer / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature / Q000502:physiology*; D009847:Olivary Nucleus / Q000502:physiology*; D017084:Otoacoustic Emissions, Spontaneous / Q000502:physiology*