Gonadotropin-releasing hormone induces actin cytoskeleton remodeling and affects cell migration in a cell-type-specific manner in TSU-Pr1 and DU145 cells.
GnRH was first identified as the hypothalamic decapeptide that promotes gonadotropin release from pituitary gonadotropes. Thereafter, direct stimulatory and inhibitory effects of GnRH on cell proliferation were demonstrated in a number of types of primary cultured cells and established cell lines. Recently, the effects of GnRH on cell attachment, cytoskeleton remodeling, and cell migration have also been reported. Thus, the effects of GnRH on various cell activities are of great interest among researchers who study the actions of GnRH. In this study, we demonstrated that GnRH induces actin cytoskeleton remodeling and affects cell migration using two human prostatic carcinoma cell lines, TSU-Pr1 and DU145. In TSU-Pr1, GnRH-I and -II induced the filopodia formation of the cells and promoted cell migration, whereas in DU145, GnRH-I and -II induced the formation of the cells with stress fiber and inhibited cell migration. In our previous studies, we reported the stimulatory and inhibitory effects of GnRH on the cell proliferation of TSU-Pr1 and DU145 cells. This study provides the first evidence for the effects of GnRH on actin cytoskeleton remodeling and cell migration of cells in which cell proliferation was affected by GnRH at the same time. Moreover, we also demonstrated that the same human GnRH receptor subtype, human type I GnRH receptor, is essential for the effects of GnRH-I and -II on actin cytoskeleton remodeling and cell migration in both TSU-Pr1 and DU145 cells using the technique of gene knock-down by RNA interference.
Enomoto
Masahiro
M
Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
Utsumi
Mari
M
Park
Min Kyun
MK
D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D017931:DNA Primers; D017353:Gene Deletion; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D018000:Receptors, Peptide / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
D000199:Actins; D017931:DNA Primers; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D018000:Receptors, Peptide; C035560:glutathione receptor; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone