title: Replacement of ureter by ileum.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The challenge of bridging long defects of ureter has been reviewed with particular emphasis on the utilization of ileum.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The application of the Yang-Monti principle can provide an ileal tube of adequate length and suitable cross-sectional diameter. An antireflux ileovesical anastomosis is also feasible.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although long-term results are still lacking, an ileal tube constructed on the basis of the Yang-Monti principle seems ideal for ureteric substitution.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Urology and Nephrology Centre, Mansoura University, Egypt. unc@mans.edu.eg
authors.forename: Mohamed A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ghoneim
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007082:Ileum / Q000637:transplantation*; D008297:Male; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014513:Ureter / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D014515:Ureteral Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D016476:Urinary Reservoirs, Continent