title: A review of horse-related injuries in a rural Colorado hospital: implications for outreach education.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The literature contains many studies on the types of injuries sustained in horseback riding incidents. Most advocate the use of equestrian helmets to prevent head trauma. However, information is limited on other specific prevention strategies.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 4-year, retrospective, and prospective review of medical records pertaining to horse-related injuries in a southwestern Colorado hospital yielded a sample of 85 patients who had been injured while riding or tending to horses. In addition to the record review, patients were interviewed during ED discharge, inpatient treatment, or in a follow-up telephone call to determine the types, causes, and mechanisms of injuries, and the circumstances surrounding the incidents. Operators of 7 guest ranches and outfitters within a 30-mile radius of the hospital plus 3 ranches in Oklahoma and an additional ranch in Colorado were contacted with the study results and suggestions for injury prevention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients ranged in age from 2 to 77 years. Fifty-five percent were inexperienced or beginner riders, 10% were novice riders, and 35% were experienced riders. Seventy percent were injured during recreational pursuits. The average Injury Severity Score for all patients was 8.5, with an average length of stay of 72 hours. Injuries were related to rider inexperience, equipment problems, or unpredictable horse behavior.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thirty-eight percent of the horse-related injuries were preventable. All operators of the guest ranches and outfitters were receptive to hearing or reading the study information. It is hoped that raising awareness and providing suggestions related to the screening of riders, prevention of injuries, and safety measures may decrease the numbers of horse-related injuries.
authors.affiliation: alexis36@earthlink.net
authors.forename: Alexis M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Newton
authors.forename: Ann Marie
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Nielsen
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000145:classification / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003120:Colorado / Q000453:epidemiology; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006260:Head Protective Devices; D006266:Health Education / Q000379:methods*; D006736:Horses; D006801:Humans; D015601:Injury Severity Score; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017678:Sex Distribution