title: Determining the need for gender-specific chemical dependence treatment: assessment of treatment variables.
abstract: The effects of gender on selected treatment variables of substance-abusing persons were investigated with the long-term goal of designing gender-appropriate programs for the treatment of addiction. A population of 120 male and female substance abusers was drawn from two urban outpatient drug treatment centers and one HIV outpatient counseling center. Participants were given questionnaires to measure the following variables: trait anxiety, depression, coping style, and level of differentiation of self. Results demonstrated significant gender differences in differentiation of self (p < .005) and coping styles (p < .02) but no significant differences in anxiety or depression.
authors.affiliation: The School of Nursing and the Health Sciences, Texas A & M University-Corpus Christi, Corpus Christi, TX 78412, USA. linda.cook@mail.tamucc.edu
authors.forename: Linda S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: Louise
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Epperson
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gariti
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety; D003863:Depression; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D015438:Health Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010045:Outpatients; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000523:psychology* / Q000628:therapy*; D014505:Urban Population