Abnormalities in the bone mineral metabolism in HIV-infected patients.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate bone mineral metabolism in HIV infected and asymptomatic patients receiving highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) containing protease inhibitors (PI) and naïve patients.


METHODS
We studied 30 asymptomatic HIV infected male patients, 13 in the naive group and 17 in the IP group, both without differences in demographics characteristics. We excluded women and patients with any known factor associated to osteopenia. We did a nutritional questionnaire, a DEXA scan in lumbar spine and femur, a study of CD4 lymphocytes, viral load and an analysis of bone formation and resorption markers in all patients. We compared vitamin D and PTH levels with a control group of healthy male volunteers age-pareated. For the statistical analysis we used the SPSS program.


RESULTS
Osteopenia was present in 17/30 (57%), 8/13 (61.5%) in the naïve group and 9/17 (53%) in the PI group (not significant differences). We found a vitamin D deficiency in 86% of patients, with mean serum levels that was found to be significantly lower than those from a healthy control group (p=0.04). Testosterone level was significantly related to bone mineral density in lumbar spine (p</=0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
HIV may be an individual risk factor in bone disorders, requiring calcium and vitamin D supplementation.
García Aparicio
A M
AM
Rheumatology Unit, Hospital Virgen de la Salud, Avenida Barber, 30, Toledo, 45004, Spain. angel_apa@hotmail.com
Muñoz Fernández
S
S
González
J
J
Arribas
J R
JR
Peña
J M
JM
Vázquez
J J
JJ
Martínez
M E
ME
Coya
J
J
Martín Mola
E
E
D000328:Adult; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015519:Bone Density; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D012016:Reference Values; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis
D015415:Biomarkers; D017320:HIV Protease Inhibitors; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D014807:Vitamin D; D013739:Testosterone