title: Pharmacotherapy of personality disorders in German speaking countries: state and changes in the last decade.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In many cases, patients with personality disorders currently receive psychopharmacological treatment as well as psychotherapy. Empirically oriented studies of outcome and efficacy are still rare, and clinical practice is still dominated by a symptomatic and rather pragmatic approach.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This study provides empirical insight into the reality of psychopharmacological practice in psychiatric institutions in German speaking countries.
  
  
  METHODS
  The use of psychotropic drugs in patients with personality disorders is demonstrated using the data base of the AMSP drug safety program. Recent changes are shown by comparing results from 1996 and 2003.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our data show a symptom-driven, polypragmatic, and often off-label use of psychotropic drugs in personality disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Klinikum Bremen-Ost, Bremen, Germany. martin.heinze@klinikum-bremen-ost.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heinze
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Andreae
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Grohmann
mesh_terms: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000266:history / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000266:history / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D010556:Personality Tests; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs