title: Competitive foods available in Pennsylvania public high schools.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined the types and extent of competitive foods available in public high schools in Pennsylvania.
  
  
  METHODS
  We developed, pilot tested, and distributed surveys to school foodservice directors in a random sample of 271 high schools in Pennsylvania.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred twenty-eight surveys were returned, for a response rate of 84%. Statistical analyses were performed: Descriptive statistics were used to examine the extent of competitive food sales in Pennsylvania public high schools. The survey data were analyzed using SPSS software version 11.5.1 (2002, SPSS base 11.0 for Windows, SPSS Inc, Chicago, IL).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A la carte sales provide almost dollar 700/day to school foodservice programs, almost 85% of which receive no financial support from their school districts. The top-selling a la carte items are "hamburgers, pizza, and sandwiches." Ninety-four percent of respondents indicated that vending machines are accessible to students. The item most commonly offered in vending machines is bottled water (71.5%). While food items are less often available through school stores and club fund-raisers, candy is the item most commonly offered through these sources.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Competitive foods are widely available in high schools. Although many of the items available are low in nutritional value, we found several of the top-selling a la carte options to be nutritious and bottled water the item most often identified as available through vending machines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park 16802, USA. ckp1@psu.edu
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Probart
authors.forename: Elaine
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: McDonnell
authors.forename: J Elaine
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Weirich
authors.forename: Terryl
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hartman
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bailey-Davis
authors.forename: Vaheedha
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Prabhakher
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017195:Adolescent Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D001628:Beverages / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005502:Food / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005509:Food Dispensers, Automatic / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005518:Food Preferences; D005522:Food Services / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009753:Nutritive Value; D010414:Pennsylvania; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012574:Schools; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States