title: Applications of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography to the characterization of petrochemical and related samples.
abstract: This article discusses the application of comprehensive two-dimensional gas chromatography (GC x GC) to samples derived from petrochemicals. The use of GC x GC for characterization of petroleum and petroleum derivatives, through group type analysis, such as benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene, xylenes (BTEX), total aromatic hydrocarbons, polyaromatic hydrocarbons, and heteroatomic sulfur-, oxygen-, and nitrogen-containing compounds is presented. The capability of GC x GC to provide additional chemical-specific information regarding petroleum-processing steps, such as linear alkanes dehydrogenation, Fischer-Tropsch process, hydrogenation and oligomerization, is also described. In addition, GC x GC analyses of petrochemical biomarkers and environmental petrochemical-derived pollutants are reported. The role of comparison of samples through use of simple fingerprint approaches is highlighted.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Instituto de Química, Av. Bento Gonçalves, 9500, CEP 91501 970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Carin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: von Mühlen
authors.forename: Claudia Alcaraz
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Zini
authors.forename: Elina Bastos
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Caramão
authors.forename: Philip J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Marriott
mesh_terms: D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002849:Chromatography, Gas / Q000379:methods*; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000032:analysis; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000737:chemistry*; D006841:Hydrocarbons, Aromatic / Q000032:analysis; D010578:Petroleum / Q000032:analysis*; D013457:Sulfur Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D013729:Terpenes / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D004224:Diterpenes; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D006838:Hydrocarbons; D006841:Hydrocarbons, Aromatic; D010578:Petroleum; D013457:Sulfur Compounds; D013729:Terpenes; C009042:pristane; C008906:phytane