title: Effect of ductus ligation on cardiopulmonary function in premature baboons.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The role of the patent ductus arteriosus in the development of chronic lung disease in surfactant-treated premature newborns remains unclear.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effects of ductus ligation on cardiopulmonary function and lung histopathology in premature primates.
  
  
  METHODS
  Baboons were delivered at 125 d, (term = 185 d) treated with surfactant, and ventilated for 14 d. Serial echocardiograms and pulmonary function tests were performed. Animals were randomized to ligation (n = 12) or no ligation (controls, n = 13) on Day 6 of life. Necropsy was performed on Day 14.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with nonligated control animals, ligated animals had lower pulmonary-to-systemic flow ratios, higher systemic blood pressures, and improved indices of right and left ventricular performance. The ligated animals tended to have better compliance and ventilation indices for the last 3 d of the study. There were no differences between the groups in proinflammatory tracheal cytokines (interleukin [IL] 6 and IL-8), static lung compliance, or lung histology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although a persistent patent ductus arteriosus results in diminished cardiac function and increased ventilatory requirements at the end of the second week of life, ligation on Day 6 had no measurable effect on the histologic evolution of chronic lung injury in this 14-d baboon model.
authors.affiliation: Southwest Foundation for Biomedical Research, San Antonio, TX, USA. mccurnin@uthscsa.edu
authors.forename: Donald C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: McCurnin
authors.forename: Bradley A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Yoder
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Coalson
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Grubb
authors.forename: Jay
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kerecman
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kupferschmid
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Breuer
authors.forename: Theresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Siler-Khodr
authors.forename: Philip W
authors.initials: PW
authors.lastname: Shaul
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Clyman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D002319:Cardiovascular System / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004374:Ductus Arteriosus, Patent / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D008026:Ligation; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D048531:Papio papio; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000503:physiopathology*