title: Field evaluation of Cd and Zn phytoextraction potential by the hyperaccumulators Thlaspi caerulescens and Arabidopsis halleri.
abstract: Field trials were undertaken to investigate the effect of the application of metal mobilizing agents, different sowing strategies and length of growing season on the extraction of Cd and Zn from soils by Thlaspi caerulescens and Arabidopsis halleri. None of the mobilizing agents used enhanced metal accumulation by T. caerulescens. Between 1998 and 2000, on average across plots where Cd or Zn exceeded allowable limits, T. caerulescens removed 1.3 and 0.3% of the total soil Cd and Zn. In one season when T. caerulescens was grown for 14 months, 21.7 and 4.4% of the total soil Cd and Zn was removed. This was larger than values found when T. caerulescens was grown for 4 months. A. halleri accumulated similar concentrations of Zn, but lower Cd concentrations than T. caerulescens. The results indicate that metal phytoextraction using T. caerulescens can be used to clean up soils moderately contaminated by Cd.
authors.affiliation: Agriculture and the Environment Division, Rothamsted Research, Harpenden, Herts AL5 2JQ, UK. steve.mcgrath@bbsrc.ac.uk
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: McGrath
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lombi
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Caille
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Dunham
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Zhao
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002104:Cadmium / Q000378:metabolism; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D004787:Environmental Pollution; D007220:Industrial Waste; D019216:Metals, Heavy / Q000378:metabolism; D009571:Nitrilotriacetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000378:metabolism; D031227:Thlaspi / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D015032:Zinc / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D007220:Industrial Waste; D019216:Metals, Heavy; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium; D019343:Citric Acid; D004492:Edetic Acid; D015032:Zinc; D009571:Nitrilotriacetic Acid