Variants of human papillomaviruses 16 and 18 and their natural history in human immunodeficiency virus-positive women.
Highly oncogenic human papillomavirus (HPV) 16 and 18 variants might be expected to be particularly aggressive in HIV-positive women. The association of HPV16 and 18 variant lineages with race, human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) coinfection, CD4+ T-cell count, HIV-RNA level, time-to-clearance of HPV infection and presence of squamous intraepithelial lesions (SIL) among women in the Women's Interagency HIV Study was studied. Subjects were followed semi-annually with Pap smear and cervicovaginal lavage (CVL). HPV DNA was detected in CVLs using MY09/11 L1 PCR assay. Specimens positive for HPV16/18 underwent E6 PCR and sequencing to determine the variant present. Specimens from 195 HPV16- and 162 HPV18-positive women were classified into variant lineages based on sequencing results. African variants of HPV16 and HPV18 were significantly more prevalent among African-Americans than among Caucasians [42 versus 14 % (P=0.001) and 60 versus 13 % (P<0.001), respectively]. However, it was not possible to detect associations between the HPV16 or 18 variant lineages and other factors studied. African variants of HPV16/18 were more common in women of African descent living outside Africa, which could reflect mixing behaviours and/or immunogenetic factors. However, in a large population of HIV-infected women, the variant of HPV16 or 18 was unrelated to persistence of infection or presence of SIL. If non-European variants are more oncogenic, the effect may involve a late stage in cervical tumorigenesis.
Schlecht
Nicolas F
NF
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
Burk
Robert D
RD
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
Palefsky
Joel M
JM
University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Minkoff
Howard
H
Maimonides Medical Center, Brooklyn, NY, USA.
Xue
Xiaonan
X
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
Massad
L Stewart
LS
Southern Illinois University School of Medicine, Springfield, IL, USA.
Bacon
Melanie
M
The Henry M. Jackson Foundation, Rockville, MD, USA.
Levine
Alexandra M
AM
University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
Anastos
Kathryn
K
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
Gange
Stephen J
SJ
Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Watts
D Heather
DH
National Institute of Child Health and Human Development, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Costa
Maria M Da
MMD
University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA, USA.
Chen
Zigui
Z
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
Bang
Ji Yon
JY
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
Fazzari
Melissa
M
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
Hall
Charles
C
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
Strickler
Howard D
HD
Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Department of Epidemiology and Population Health, 1300 Morris Park Avenue, Bronx, NY 10461, USA.
D017088:AIDS-Related Opportunistic Infections / Q000821:virology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006678:HIV / Q000235:genetics; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies
D004279:DNA, Viral