title: Expression of glucocorticoid receptors in nephrotic children depending on total prednisone dose.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the expression of glucocorticoid receptors (GCR) in lymphocytes (CD3/ GCR) and monocytes (CD14/GCR) in children with nephrotic syndrome (NS).
  
  
  METHODS
  The patients were divided into two groups: group I: 17 children with the first NS attack, and group II: 17 children with a subsequent NS event. In both groups, examinations were carried out before treatment (A) and after albuminuria disappearance during prednisone treatment (B). The control group (C) consisted of 23 healthy children, never treated with glucocorticosteroids.
  
  
  METHODS
  Flow cytometry was employed twice to determine the number of CD3+ lymphocytes and CD14+ monocytes and the percentage of CD3/GCR+ and CD14/GCR+ cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In group I, the expression of CD3/GCR before treatment (A) decreased during prednisone therapy (B) (p < 0.01), but CD14/GCR did not change. In group II, before treatment (A), both CD3/GCR and CD14/GCR were markedly lower compared to the controls and group I. In examination B, both CD3/GCR and CD14/GCR had decreased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A low number of GCR might confer a worse response to glucocorticoid therapy. Longitudinal studies should be performed on larger groups of children with their first and subsequent nephrotic syndome attacks.
authors.affiliation: 1st Department of Paediatrics, Medical University of Białystok, Poland. annwasil@interia.pl
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wasilewska
authors.forename: Walentyna
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zoch-Zwierz
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes; D008297:Male; D009000:Monocytes; D009404:Nephrotic Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; D011241:Prednisone