title: In vitro antibacterial effects of the dentin primer of Clearfil Protect Bond.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study aimed to investigate the antibacterial effects of the dentin primer of a commercially available self-etching adhesive system, Clearfil Protect Bond, which contains antibacterial monomer 12-methacryloyloxydodecylpyridinium bromide (MDPB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Inhibitory effects against Streptococcus mutans, Lactobacillus casei, or Actinomyces naeslundii were examined by an agar-disc diffusion method using the Clearfil Protect Bond primer containing 5% MDPB and an acidic adhesion-promoting monomer MDP, the primer only with MDP, and the primer with 1% cetylpyridinium chloride. The minimum inhibitory/bactericidal concentrations (MIC/MBC) of each primer for the three bacterial species were determined by serial microdilution assays. For testing the bactericidal effects seen in dentin, the primer was applied to demineralized dentin blocks in which S. mutans had been impregnated, and numbers of viable bacteria were counted.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For all three bacteria, the sizes of the inhibition zones produced by Clearfil Protect Bond primer were significantly greater than for the other primers (p<0.05, ANOVA and Scheffe's F-test). The MIC/MBC values of Clearfil Protect Bond primer were less than those of the primer without MDPB, and comparable to those of the primer containing cetylpyridinium chloride. No bacterial recovery was obtained after application of Clearfil Protect Bond primer to the bacteria-impregnated dentin, although the primer without MDPB showed some bactericidal effect.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clearfil Protect Bond primer has strong antibacterial activity based upon MDPB against S. mutans, L. casei and A. naeslundii, and the capability to disinfect cavities containing residual bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Restorative Dentistry and Endodontology, Osaka University Graduate School of Dentistry, 1-8 Yamadaoka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. imazato@dent.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Imazato
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kuramoto
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Shigeyuki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ebisu
authors.forename: Mathilde C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Peters
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000190:Actinomyces / Q000187:drug effects; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000494:pharmacology; D002594:Cetylpyridinium / Q000494:pharmacology; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003804:Dentin / Q000382:microbiology; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007780:Lacticaseibacillus casei / Q000187:drug effects; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000494:pharmacology; D013295:Streptococcus mutans / Q000187:drug effects; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; C503075:Clearfil Protect Bond; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C074230:MDP adhesion promoting monomer; D008689:Methacrylates; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds; D019279:Resin Cements; C089392:methacryloyloxydodecylpyridinium bromide; D002594:Cetylpyridinium