title: EPR spectrometer for clinical applications.
abstract: This article describes an EPR spectrometer specifically designed and constructed for EPR spectroscopy in humans. The spectrometer is based on a permanent magnet, suitable for measurements at 1200 MHz. The magnet has a full 50 cm gap between the poles, which facilitates accurate and comfortable placement of the subject for the EPR measurement at any location on the human body. The bridge includes features to facilitate clinical operations, including an indicator for phasing of the reference arm and a 2 level RF amplifier. Resonators with holders for each type and site of measurement have been developed that comfortably position the resonator and the patient and prevent artifacts due to motion. The initial applications for which the spectrometer has been designed are for oximetry using loops on the surface, oximetry using implanted resonators for measuring deep sites, and measurements in the teeth for determination of exposures to clinically significant doses of ionizing radiation.
authors.affiliation: EPR Center for the Study of Viable Systems, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Salikhov
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Walczak
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lesniewski
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Comi
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Buckey
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Swartz
mesh_terms: D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D006801:Humans; D010092:Oximetry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011874:Radiometry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods