title: Inhibition of stretch-activated channels during eccentric muscle contraction attenuates p70S6K activation.
abstract: Eccentric contractions (EC) are known to result in muscle hypertrophy, potentially through activation of the Akt-mammalian target of rapamycin-p70 S6 kinase (p70S6K) signaling pathway. Previous work has also demonstrated that EC result in the opening of stretch-activated channels (SAC), and inhibition of these channels resulted in an attenuation of EC-induced muscle hypertrophy. The purpose of this study was to test the hypothesis that a known intracellular pathway directly associated with muscle hypertrophy is coupled to the opening of SAC. Specifically, we measured the activation of the Akt, GSK-3beta, p70S6K, and ribosomal protein S6 following a single bout of EC in the rat tibialis anterior (TA) muscle. The TA muscles performed four sets of six repetitions of EC. In vivo blockade of SAC was performed by a continuous oral treatment with streptomycin in the drinking water (4 g/l) or by intravenous infusion of 80 micromol/kg gadolinium (Gd3+). EC increased the degree of Akt and p70S6K phosphorylation in the TA muscle, whereas in animals in which SAC had been inhibited, there was a reduced capacity for EC to induce Akt or p70S6K phosphorylation. Accompanying this reduced activation of Akt and p70S6K was a failure to phosphorylate GSK-3beta or S6 when SAC were inhibited. The results from these data indicate the necessity of functional SAC for the complete activation of Akt and p70S6K pathway in response to EC.
authors.affiliation: Exercise Biology Program, Division of Biological Sciences, School of Medicine, University of California-Davis, USA.
authors.forename: Espen E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Spangenburg
authors.forename: Todd A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: McBride
mesh_terms: D000222:Adaptation, Physiological / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005260:Female; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000502:physiology*; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000502:physiology*; D008465:Mechanoreceptors / Q000502:physiology*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D007473:Ion Channels; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D038762:Ribosomal Protein S6 Kinases, 70-kDa