title: Beta-blocker treatment of chronic systolic heart failure improves prognosis even in patients meeting one or more exclusion criteria of the MERIT-HF study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Improved prognosis of patients with chronic systolic heart failure by treatment with beta-blockers has been shown in several randomized controlled multicentre trials. However, in clinical practice only a part of heart failure patients meet the inclusion criteria of these trials. The present study evaluates whether reduction of mortality by beta-blockers also can be achieved in patients presenting one or more exclusion criteria of the MERIT-HF trial.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From the Ludwigshafen Heart Failure Registry 675 patients with chronic systolic heart failure consecutively enrolled between January 1995 and June 2004 were divided in two groups either meeting the inclusion criteria of the MERIT-HF trial ('trial patients': n = 278, 60% treated with beta-blockers) or not ('non-trial patients': n = 397; 51% treated with beta-blockers). The distribution of the MERIT-HF exclusion criteria in the group of 'non-trial patients' was as follows: acute myocardial infarction 9.6%; systolic blood pressure <100 mmHg 7.5%; chronic obstructive lung disease 33.2%; other serious diseases potentially limiting prognosis 16.9%; acutely performed or planned ICD, bypass surgery, PCI, heart transplantation: 17.1, 15.9, 7.8, and 4.8%, respectively. Median follow-up was 31.3 months (upper/lower quartile 16.3/50.0 months). All-cause mortality was significantly reduced by beta-blocker treatment not only in 'trial patients' (adjusted hazard ratio 0.57, 95% CI 0.38-0.86) but also in 'non-trial patients' (adjusted hazard ratio 0.72, 95% CI 0.53-0.97).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In clinical practice only the smaller part of the population to be treated for chronic systolic heart failure meets the inclusion criteria of the MERIT-HF study. However, beta-blocker treatment is associated with a significantly reduced long-term mortality even in patients meeting one or more exclusion criteria of the MERIT-HF study.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Herzinfarktforschung, Herzzentrum Ludwigshafen, Ludwigshafen am Rhein, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Jost
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rauch
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hochadel
authors.forename: Ralph
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Winkler
authors.forename: Steffen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kilkowski
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kilkowski
authors.forename: Herbert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lorenz
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Muth
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zugck
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Remppis
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haass
authors.forename: Jochen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Senges
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012042:Registries; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists