title: Proliferation marker Ki-67 in early breast cancer.
abstract: Molecular markers have been extensively investigated with a view to providing early and accurate information on long-term outcome and prediction of response to treatment of early breast cancer. Proliferation is a key feature of the progression of tumors and is now widely estimated by the immunohistochemical assessment of the nuclear antigen Ki-67. The expression of Ki-67 correlates with other measurements of proliferation, including S-phase and bromodeoxyuridine uptake. High Ki-67 is a sign of poor prognosis associated with a good chance of clinical response to chemotherapy, but its independent significance is modest and does not merit measurements in most routine clinical scenarios. However, its application as a pharmacodynamic intermediate marker of the effectiveness of medical therapy holds great promise for rapid evaluation of new drugs.
authors.affiliation: Academic Department of Biochemistry, Royal Marsden Hospital, London SW3 6JJ, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Ander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Urruticoechea
authors.forename: Ian E
authors.initials: IE
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Mitch
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dowsett
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis*; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen