Duration selective neurons in the inferior colliculus of the rat: topographic distribution and relation of duration sensitivity to other response properties.
Many animals use duration to help them identify the source and meaning of a sound. Duration-sensitive neurons have been found in the auditory midbrain of mammals and amphibians, where their selectivity seems to correspond to the lengths of species-specific vocalizations. In this study, single neurons in the rat inferior colliculus (IC) were tested for sensitivity to sound duration. About one-half (54%) of the units sampled showed some form of duration selectivity. The majority of these (76%) were long-pass neurons that responded to sounds exceeding some duration threshold (range: 5-60 ms). Band-pass neurons, which only responded to a restricted range of durations, made up 13% of duration-sensitive neurons (best durations: 15-120 ms). Other units displayed short-pass (2%) or mixed (9%) response patterns. The majority of duration-sensitive neurons were localized outside the central nucleus of the IC, especially in the dorsal cortex, where more than one-half of the neurons sampled had long-pass selectivity for duration. Band-pass duration tuned neurons were only found outside the central nucleus. Characteristics of duration-sensitive neurons in the rat support the idea that this filtering arises through an interaction of excitatory and inhibitory inputs that converge in the IC. Band-pass neurons typically responded at sound offset, suggesting that their tuning is created through the same mechanisms that have been described in echolocating bats. The finding that the first-spike latencies of all long-pass neurons were longer than the shortest duration to which they responded supports the idea that they receive transient inhibition before, or simultaneously with, a sustained excitatory input. The ranges of selectivity in rat IC neurons are within the range of durations of rat vocalizations. These data suggest that a population of neurons in the rat IC have evolved to transmit information about behaviorally relevant sound durations using mechanisms that are common to all mammals, with an emphasis on long-pass tuning characteristics.
Pérez-González
D
D
Auditory Neurophysiology Unit, Laboratory for the Neurobiology of Hearing, The Institute of Neuroscience of Castilla y León and Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, Salamanca, Spain.
Malmierca
M S
MS
Moore
J M
JM
Hernández
O
O
Covey
E
E
D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001306:Auditory Pathways / Q000502:physiology*; D001307:Auditory Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D001309:Auditory Threshold / Q000502:physiology*; D004056:Differential Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D007245:Inferior Colliculi / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D020318:Rats, Long-Evans; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013017:Sound Localization / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors