title: Multi-virulence-locus sequence typing clarifies epidemiology of recent listeriosis outbreaks in the United States.
abstract: Multi-virulence-locus sequence typing (MVLST) was used to analyze isolates from two major listeriosis outbreaks in the United States in 1998 and 2002 that were due to consumption of contaminated hot dogs and turkey deli meat, respectively. MVLST demonstrated high epidemiological relevance and indicated that the two outbreaks were the result of one epidemic.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science, The Pennsylvania State University, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Knabel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005517:Foodborne Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D008088:Listeriosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D008461:Meat Products / Q000382:microbiology; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004269:DNA, Bacterial