title: Ocular findings in patients with chronic renal failure undergoing haemodialysis.
abstract: The aim of this paper was to evaluate the ocular findings in patients with chronic renal failure (CRF) undergoing haemodialysis (HD). In 64 patients undergoing haemodialysis (30 female and 34 male), aged 24-83 years (mean 58 years) on haemodialysis 1-213 months (mean 47 months) complete ocular examination were performed: visual acuity (VA), intraocular pressure (IOP), biomicroscopic examination and fundoscopy. On right eye sixty-nine percent of patents had VA 0.6 or better, and on left eye 84% of patients had VA 0.6 or better. Mean IOP before dialysis was 15 mmHg and after dialysis was 14 mmHg. In 9 patients (14%) we found corneo-conjunctival calcium deposits. No correlation of ocular calcification and parathyroid hormone (PTH) level or calcium and phosphate product were observed. 39 (60%) patients had cataract. Hypertensive vascular changes were seen in 44 (68%) patients and in 6 (7%) patients age-related macular degeneration. Seven patients had diabetes mellitus and in 5 diabetic retinopathy was observed. Patients with CRF or who are receiving HD represent unique group of patients. Pathologic change could be found in many tissue and organs, therefore we suggest ocular examination more frequently in dialysis patients.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Ophthalmology, Clinical Hospital, Systers of Mercy, Zagreb, Croatia. romanovrabec@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Romano
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Vrabec
authors.forename: Zoran
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Vatavuk
authors.forename: Drasko
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pavlović
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sesar
authors.forename: Svjetlana
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cala
authors.forename: Kresimir
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mandić
authors.forename: Kajo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bućan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002114:Calcinosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D002386:Cataract / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D017523:Croatia / Q000453:epidemiology; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009798:Ocular Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014792:Visual Acuity