title: The evolution of beasts and babies: recapitulation, instinct, and the early discourse on child development.
abstract: The field of "child study" emerged at the end of the nineteenth century with the purpose of disclosing children's "nature" for the benefit of parents, educators, psychologists, and other interested groups. Borrowed from the biological sciences, narratives of biological recapitulation were common in the discourses about child development during this period. Such theories often measured children against "savages," but they also suggested that the study of childhood offered clues into the evolutionary relationships between humans and animals. By emphasizing the relevance of children's "instincts," observers of child development explained child behavior as the tissue that linked humans and animals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social Science, University of Alaska Southeast, USA.
authors.forename: David Hoogland
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Noon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005075:Biological Evolution; D002648:Child; D002652:Child Behavior; D002657:Child Development; D002962:Civilization; D047108:Embryonic Development; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D007323:Instinct; D010802:Phylogeny; D011323:Primates; D002666:Psychology, Child / Q000266:history*