title: The polymorphism and haplotypes of XRCC1 and survival of non-small-cell lung cancer after radiotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The X-ray repair cross-complementing Group 1 (XRCC1) protein is involved mainly in the base excision repair of the DNA repair process. This study examined the association of 3 polymorphisms (codon 194, 280, and 399) of XRCC1 and lung cancer in terms of whether or not these polymorphisms have an effect on the survival of lung cancer patients who have received radiotherapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 2000 and April 2004, 229 lung cancer patients with non-small-cell lung cancer in Stages I-III were enrolled. Genotyping was performed by single base primer extension assay using the SNP-IT Kit with genomic DNA samples from all patients. The haplotype of the XRCC1 polymorphisms was estimated by PHASE version 2.1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients consisted of 191 (83.4%) males and 38 (16.6%) females with a median age of 62 (range, 26-88 years). Sixty percent of the patients were included in Stage I-IIIa. The median progression-free and overall survival was 13 months and 16 months, respectively. The XRCC1 codon 194, histology, and stage were shown to be significant predictors of the progression-free survival. The 6 haplotypes among the XRCC1 polymorphisms (194, 280, and 399) were estimated by PHASE v.2.1. The patients with haplotype pairs other than the homozygous TGG haplotype pairs survived significantly longer (p = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Polymorphisms of XRCC1 have an effect on the survival of lung cancer patients treated with radiotherapy, and this effect seems to be more significant after the haplotype pairs are considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Asan Medical Center, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Sang Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Yun-Chul
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Heon Joo
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jong-Eun
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sang Yoon
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jong Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sang-Wook
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: So-Yeon
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jung Shin
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Eun Kyung
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Choi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy; D004260:DNA Repair; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000532:radiotherapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1; C000619371:XRCC1 protein, human