title: Quantitative computed tomography perfusion of prostate cancer: correlation with whole-mount pathology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Microvessel density within the prostate is associated with presence of cancer, disease stage, and disease-specific survival. We evaluated multidetector computed tomography (CT) to estimate prostate perfusion and localize prostate cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten subjects were evaluated with contrast enhanced CT before radical prostatectomy with the Mx8000IDT 16-slice scanner. Following baseline pelvic scan, 100 cc of Optiray 300 was administered intravenously (4 cc per second). Repeated dynamic scans through the prostate were obtained at 20, 30, 40, 50, and 60 seconds following initiation of contrast injection. Computed tomography perfusion was compared with pathologic findings of Gleason score and tumor volume on whole-mount prostatectomy specimens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Conventional adenocarcinoma (Gleason score, 6-10) was present in all subjects, including one who also demonstrated a mucinous variant of prostate cancer. Visible focal CT enhancement was noted in 1 patient with a high-volume tumor and a Gleason score of 10. A positive correlation between local estimates of CT perfusion and percent of prostate volume occupied by tumor in each sextant was found for half of the subjects (Pearson correlation coefficient, 0.3-0.95; mean, 0.48) but statistically significant correlation (P < 0.05; Pearson coefficient, 0.9-0.95) was present in only the 2 subjects with the highest Gleason scores (8 and 10) and the highest tumor volume (> or = 50% in > or = 1 sextant region).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Visible enhancement of prostate cancer during dynamic CT is present in a minority of subjects. Correlation between quantitative CT perfusion and tumor location is statistically significant only in subjects with localized high-volume, poorly differentiated prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation/Urology, Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA.
authors.forename: Elizabeth P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Ives
authors.forename: Melissa A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Burke
authors.forename: Pamela R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Edmonds
authors.forename: Leonard G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Gomella
authors.forename: Ethan J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Halpern
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D003287:Contrast Media; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011467:Prostate / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014283:Triiodobenzoic Acids
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D014283:Triiodobenzoic Acids; C054871:ioversol