title: [DNA damage, Bcl-2, Bax expression and ultrastructure change in spermatogenic cell of mice exposed to cadmium].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study DNA damage, Bcl-2 and Bax expression, and ultrastructure change in spermatogenic cell of mice by cadmium exposure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-four male mice were divided into 4 groups: 3 groups treated with cadmium chloride of 1, 5, 10 micromol x kg(-1) x d(-1) i.p. respectively for 5 days, and one normal saline control group. The DNA damage of spermatogenic cell by single-cell gel electrophoresis technology was detected. The expression positive rate of Bcl-2, Bax protein in spermatogenic cell by the immunohistochemical method was assayed, and the ultrastructural change of spermatogenic cell by the transmission electron microscope was observed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DNA damage rates of of spermatogenic cell in 1, 5, 10 micromol/kg cadmium chloride groups were higher than that of normal group (P < 0.001). Bcl-2 protein expression positive rates were lower than that of normal group (P < 0.001). Bax protein positive expression rate in 5 micromol/kg group was higher than those in normal group, and 1, 10 micromol/kg groups. The ultrastructure of karyotis, karyotheca, mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum in three treated groups had different degree of damage and the degree of ultrastructural change was increasing with rising concentration of cadmium.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cadmium exposure will cause the DNA break, Bcl-2 and Bax protein abnormal expression and ultrastructural change in spermatogenic cell.
authors.affiliation: Central Laboratory of Biology, Wenzhou Medical College, Wenzhou, Zhejiang Province 325027, China.
authors.forename: Long-jin
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Zhou-xi
authors.initials: ZX
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Chan
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhe-feng
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.forename: Jie-ying
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Xi-wen
authors.initials: XW
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D019256:Cadmium Chloride / Q000633:toxicity*; D004249:DNA Damage; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C494827:Bax protein, mouse; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C052617:Bcl2 protein, mouse; D019256:Cadmium Chloride