title: Second biopsy of axillary sentinel lymph node for reappearing breast cancer after previous sentinel lymph node biopsy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) is a safe and accurate axillary staging procedure for patients with primary operable breast cancer. An increasing proportion of these patients undergo breast-conserving surgery, and 5% to 15% will develop local relapses that necessitate reoperation. Although a previous SLNB is often considered a contraindication for a subsequent SLNB, few data support this concern.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 2000 and June 2004, 79 patients who were previously treated at our institution with breast-conserving surgery and who had a negative SLNB for early breast cancer developed, during follow-up, local recurrence that was amenable to reoperation. Eighteen of these patients were offered a second SLNB because of a clinically negative axillary status an average of 26.1 months after the primary event.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all 18 patients (7 with ductal carcinoma-in-situ and 11 with invasive recurrences), preoperative lymphoscintigraphy showed an axillary sentinel lymph node, with a preoperative identification rate of 100%, and 1 or more SLNs (an average of 1.3 per patient) were surgically removed. Sentinel lymph node metastases were detected in two patients with invasive recurrence, and a complete axillary dissection followed. At a median follow up of 12.7 months, no axillary recurrences have occurred in patients who did not undergo axillary dissection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Second SLNB after previous SLNB is technically feasible and likely effective in selected breast cancer patients. A larger population and longer follow-up are necessary to confirm these preliminary data.
authors.affiliation: Division of Breast Surgery, European Institute of Oncology, Via Ripamonti, 435, 20141, Milan, Italy. mattia.intra@ieo.it
authors.forename: Mattia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Intra
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Trifirò
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Viale
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rotmensz
authors.forename: Oreste D
authors.initials: OD
authors.lastname: Gentilini
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Soteldo
authors.forename: Viviana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Galimberti
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Veronesi
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Luini
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paganelli
authors.forename: Umberto
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Veronesi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001365:Axilla; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D018270:Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast / Q000601:surgery; D002285:Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000175:diagnosis; D015412:Mastectomy, Segmental; D008875:Middle Aged; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy