Unified treatment of the quantum fluctuation theorem and the Jarzynski equality in terms of microscopic reversibility.
There are two related theorems which hold even in far from equilibrium, namely fluctuation theorem and Jarzynski equality. Fluctuation theorem states the existence of symmetry of fluctuation of entropy production, while the Jarzynski equality enables us to estimate the free energy change between two states by using irreversible processes. On the other hand, the relationship between these theorems was investigated by Crooks [Phys. Rev. E 60, 2721 (1999)] for the classical stochastic systems. In this paper, we derive quantum analogues of fluctuation theorem and Jarzynski equality in terms of microscopic reversibility. In other words, the quantum analog of the work by Crooks is presented. Also, for the quasiclassical Langevin system, microscopically reversible condition is confirmed.
Monnai
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Department of Applied Physics, Waseda University, 3-4-1 Okubo, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 169-8555, Japan. monnai@suou.waseda.jp