title: Lower limb post-immobilization dystonia in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: Fixed dystonic posturing of the hands and feet may complicate advanced Parkinson's disease (PD) and add considerably to the functional disability of patients. We report 3 PD patients who developed lower limb fixed dystonic posturing after a brief period of immobilization (<2 months). Two patients had been immobilized after hip and back injuries and one for transfusion therapy for anemia. This fixed dystonic posturing resulted in severe functional disability. Oral medications failed to control symptoms. Of two patients who received botulinum toxin injections only one experienced benefit. Orthopedic surgery resulted in clinical improvement with increased mobility and independence in one patient. Post-immobilization dystonia of lower limbs in PD is resistant to medical treatment and leads to significant functional disability. Botulinum toxin may provide partial relief in some cases and orthopedic surgery can also be considered.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, School of Medicine 1501 NW 9th Avenue Miami, FL 33136, USA. csinger@med.miami.edu
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Singer
authors.forename: Spiridon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Papapetropoulos
mesh_terms: D000058:Accidental Falls; D000368:Aged; D000978:Antiparkinson Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001803:Blood Transfusion; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004421:Dystonia / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007103:Immobilization / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007866:Leg / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000978:Antiparkinson Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A