title: Medical management of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine which nonsurgical treatments have been assessed for the treatment of vulvar intraepithelial neoplasia (VIN) and what the outcomes of such treatment might be.
  
  
  METHODS
  The English literature over the last 25 years was searched on Medline.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A wide variety of nonsurgical treatments was identified and the outcomes were very similar. These treatments showed responses rates varying between 10% and 60%. Responses were poorly defined, however, and few if any studies had large enough subject numbers or long enough follow-up to allow robust conclusions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although VIN is a condition in which there would seem to be a pressing need for nonsurgical interventions, none of the nonsurgical treatments reviewed resulted in optimal outcomes. No one treatment seemed to be superior. There is a need for consensus on how outcomes are measured and a move toward large well-constructed studies is recommended. Because VIN is uncommon, there is a strong case for establishing research collaboratives.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecological Oncology, Birmingham Women's Healthcare NHS Trust.
authors.forename: Richard W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Todd
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Luesley
mesh_terms: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002278:Carcinoma in Situ / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010778:Photochemotherapy; D012176:Retinoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014611:Vaccination; D014846:Vulvar Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D012176:Retinoids