Endometriosis may contribute to oocyte retrieval-induced pelvic inflammatory disease: report of eight cases.
OBJECTIVE
Pelvic inflammatory disease is a rare complication of transvaginal oocyte retrieval. It results in failure of assisted reproductive procedure.


METHODS
During a 6-year period, 5958 transvaginal ultrasound-guided oocyte retrievals resulted in 10 cases of acute pelvic inflammatory disease (0.12%).


RESULTS
Eight of the 10 patients were diagnosed infertile because of endometriosis. Two patients had mild ovarian, three had stage III, and two had stage IV endometriosis. One patient had a 3-4 cm ovarian endometrioma. After treatment, no mortality was encountered among the 10 patients, although none of them conceived.


CONCLUSIONS
This observation supports the previous reports that endometriosis can raise the risk of pelvic inflammatory disease after oocyte retrieval. More vigorous antibiotic prophylaxis and better vaginal preparation are recommended when oocyte pickup is performed in patients with endometriosis.
Moini
Ashraf
A
Royan Institute of Fertility, Tehran, Iran. info@royainstitute.org
Riazi
Kiarash
K
Amid
Vida
V
Ashrafi
Mahnaz
M
Tehraninejad
Ensieh
E
Madani
Tahereh
T
Owj
Monir
M
D004715:Endometriosis / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D000292:Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / Q000209:etiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012307:Risk Factors