title: In situ expression of brain-derived neurotrophic factor or neurotrophin-3 promotes sprouting of cortical serotonergic axons following a neurotoxic lesion.
abstract: Neurotrophins promote sprouting and elongation of central nervous system (CNS) axons following injury. Consequently, it has been suggested that neurotrophins could be used to repair the CNS by inducing axonal sprouting from nearby intact axons, thereby compensating for the loss of recently injured axons. We tested whether long-term overexpression of neurotrophins in the rat cortex would induce sprouting of cortical serotonergic axons following a neurotoxic injury. After a single subcutaneous injection of para-chloroamphetamine (PCA; 9 mg/ml) that lesions the majority of serotonergic axons in the rat cortex, we injected adenoviral vectors containing cDNAs for brain-derived neurotrophic factor (Adv.BDNF), neurotrophin-3 (Adv.NT-3), or nerve growth factor (Adv.NGF) into the rat frontal cortex. Nine days later, we measured significant increases in the concentration of the respective neurotrophins surrounding the vector injection sites, as measured by ELISA. Immunohistochemical localization of serotonin revealed a fourfold increase in the density of serotonergic fibers surrounding the injection sites of Adv.BDNF and Adv.NT-3, corresponding to a 50% increase in cortical serotonin concentration, compared with a control vector containing the cDNA for enhanced green fluorescent protein (Adv.EGFP). In contrast, there was no difference in serotonergic fiber density or cortical serotonin concentration surrounding the injection of Adv.NGF compared with Adv.EGFP. These data demonstrate that localized overexpression of BDNF or NT-3, but not NGF, is sufficient to promote sprouting of serotonergic axons in the cortex following an experimental neurotoxic injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, and NINDS, NIH, Bethesda, MD, USA.
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Grider
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Mamounas
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Le
authors.forename: H D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Shine
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020439:Growth Cones / Q000378:metabolism*; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics; D009416:Nerve Regeneration / Q000235:genetics*; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D009473:Neuronal Plasticity / Q000235:genetics; D009498:Neurotoxins; D020933:Neurotrophin 3 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011903:Raphe Nuclei / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D051381:Rats; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics; D010133:p-Chloroamphetamine
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D009498:Neurotoxins; D020933:Neurotrophin 3; C485184:enhanced green fluorescent protein; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D012701:Serotonin; D010133:p-Chloroamphetamine; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor