title: Comparative validation of a bilingual interactive multimedia dietary assessment tool.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To perform comparative validity testing for a bilingual interactive multimedia (IMM) dietary assessment tool that mimics a dietary recall against an interview-administered dietary recall.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a two-period crossover design study. First, participants were randomly assigned to complete an IMM recall or interview-administered 24-hour recall. The IMM recall generated a nutrient profile that included 20 dietary constituents. The interview-administered recall was analyzed using the Food Intake Analysis System (FIAS) and the Expanded Food and Nutrition Education Program (EFNEP) Evaluating/Reporting System. The effect of substituting standardized portion sizes for reported portion sizes was examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 80 adult participants, 71 (91%) were female, 45 (56%) had 12th grade or less education, 65 (81%) had an annual income of dollar 15,000 or less, and 21 (26%) completed the IMM recall in Spanish.
  
  
  METHODS
  Analysis of variance and unadjusted and energy-adjusted correlations were used.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant group differences were found for order of administration or demographic characteristics. There was only one significant (P=.025) method effect, whereby vitamin C intake was higher in the IMM recall than the FIAS. The unadjusted correlations between the IMM recalls and interview-administered recalls analyzed using both FIAS and EFNEP Evaluating/Reporting System were generally approximately 0.6. Energy-adjusted correlations were consistently lower. Substituting standardized portion sizes resulted in significant differences for six nutrients and caused all correlations to decrease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The IMM dietary recall is a valid method for assessing dietary intake within the tested group. The results of comparative validity testing and positive reactions received from participants and nutrition educators indicate that diet assessment using IMM has tremendous potential.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition and Food Systems, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg 39406, USA. Jamie.Zoellner@usm.edu
authors.forename: Jamie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zoellner
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Susan Martin
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Gould
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D011939:Mental Recall; D008875:Middle Aged; D019303:Multilingualism; D019212:Multimedia / Q000592:standards*; D015596:Nutrition Assessment; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires / Q000592:standards; D014584:User-Computer Interface