title: Fucoidan extracted from Cladosiphon okamuranus Tokida induces apoptosis of human T-cell leukemia virus type 1-infected T-cell lines and primary adult T-cell leukemia cells.
abstract: Adult T-cell leukemia (ATL) is caused by human T-cell leukemia virus type 1 (HTLV-1) and remains incurable. The highest endemic area of HTLV-1 carriers in Japan is located in Okinawa, and novel treatments are urgently needed in this area. We extracted fucoidan, a sulfated polysaccharide, from the brown seaweed Cladosiphon okamuranus Tokida cultivated in Okinawa, Japan and examined its tumor-suppression activity against ATL. Fucoidan significantly inhibited the growth of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of ATL patients and HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines but not that of normal peripheral blood mononuclear cells. Fucoidan induced apoptosis of HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines mediated through downregulation of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein-2 and survivin and G1 phase accumulation through the downregulation of cyclin D2, c-myc, and hyperphosphorylated form of the retinoblastoma tumor suppressor protein. Further analysis showed that fucoidan inactivated NF-kappaB and activator protein-1 and inhibited NF-kappaB-inducible chemokine, C-C chemokine ligand 5 (regulated on activation, normal T expressed and secreted) production, and homotypic cell-cell adhesion of HTLV-1-infected T-cell lines. In vivo use of fucoidan resulted in partial inhibition of growth of tumors of an HTLV-1-infected T-cell line transplanted subcutaneously in severe combined immune deficient mice. Our results indicate that fucoidan is a potentially useful therapeutic agent for patients with ATL.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Virology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan.
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Haneji
authors.forename: Takehiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsuda
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.forename: Hirochika
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kawakami
authors.forename: Kazuiku
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohshiro
authors.forename: Jun-Nosuke
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Uchihara
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: Nobuyuki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Takasu
authors.forename: Yuetsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mori
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002461:Cell Line, Transformed; D015368:Human T-lymphotropic virus 1 / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D015458:Leukemia, T-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D015459:Leukemia-Lymphoma, Adult T-Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000821:virology; D051379:Mice; D016513:Mice, SCID; D000459:Phaeophyceae / Q000737:chemistry; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011134:Polysaccharides; C007789:fucoidan