title: Signaling via the angiotensin-converting enzyme results in the phosphorylation of the nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA.
abstract: The phosphorylation of the short C-terminal cytoplasmic domain of the somatic angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) is involved in the regulation of enzyme shedding. We determined whether the phosphorylation of the cytoplasmic domain of ACE (ACEct) on Ser1270 regulates the cleavage/secretion of the enzyme by affecting its association with other proteins. ACE was associated with beta-actin and the nonmuscle myosin heavy chain IIA (MYH9) in endothelial cells, as determined by coimmunoprecipitation experiments as well as an ACEct affinity column. The ACE-associated MYH9 immunoprecipitated from (32)P-labeled endothelial cells was basally phosphorylated and cell stimulation with ACE inhibitors, or with bradykinin, increased the phosphorylation of MYH9. Casein kinase 2 (CK2) but not protein kinase C phosphorylated MYH9 in vitro, CK2 coprecipitated with MYH9 from endothelial cells and the phosphorylation of MYH9 in intact cells paralleled the phosphorylation of ACE on Ser1270 by CK2. The CK2 inhibitor 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-d-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole attenuated the phosphorylation of ACE and MYH9, disrupted their association, and enhanced the cleavage/secretion of ACE from the plasma membrane. Cytochalasin D decreased the interaction between ACE and MYH9 and stimulated ACE shedding. Although MYH9 was still able to associate with residual amounts of a nonphosphorylatable S1270A ACE mutant, no ACE inhibitor-induced increase in MYH9 phosphorylation could be detected in S1270A-expressing cells. These data indicate that the interaction of ACE with MYH9 determines ACE shedding and is modulated by phosphorylation processes. Furthermore, because ACE inhibitors affect the phosphorylation of MYH9, the phosphorylation of this class II myosin might contribute to the phenomenon of ACE signaling in endothelial cells.
authors.affiliation: Vascular Signaling Group, Institut für Kardiovaskuläre Physiologie, Johann Wolfgang Goethe-Universität, Theodor-Stern-Kai 7, D-60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany.
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kohlstedt
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kellner
authors.forename: Rudi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Busse
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Fleming
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003078:Colchicine / Q000494:pharmacology; D015638:Cytochalasin D / Q000494:pharmacology; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D020409:Molecular Motor Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; C103814:MYH9 protein, human; D020409:Molecular Motor Proteins; D015638:Cytochalasin D; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains; D003078:Colchicine