title: Adenovirus-mediated gene transfer in olfactory epithelium and olfactory bulb: a long-term study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to study the spatiotemporal gene expression mediated by adenoviral vector in the olfactory pathways.
  
  
  METHODS
  The replication-defective adenoviral vector AxCALacZ, which encodes the enzyme Escherichia coli beta-galactosidase, was applied to mouse olfactory epithelium by intranasal instillation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The LacZ gene product, beta-galactosidase, was expressed not only in the olfactory receptor neurons and their axons, but also in the olfactory bulbs. The first evidence of anterograde labeling was observed at postinfection day (PID) 2. At PID 3, beta-galactosidase was strongly expressed in olfactory nerve axons, as well as their terminal glomeruli, in the olfactory bulbs. beta-Galactosidase expression persisted up to PID 90, and there was a significant decrease in the number of labeled neurons at PID 30.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest possible long-term effects of adenovirus-mediated gene transfer on the olfactory neurons, as well as the olfactory bulbs.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Kobe University Graduate School of Medicine, Kusunoki-cho 7-5-1, Chuo-Ku, Kobe 650-0017, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Doi
authors.forename: Ken-ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nibu
authors.forename: Haruhiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ishida
authors.forename: Haruo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okado
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Terashima
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae; D000818:Animals; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D007763:Lac Operon; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000201:enzymology*; D009831:Olfactory Mucosa / Q000201:enzymology*; D013997:Time Factors; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D001616:beta-Galactosidase