Combined biological and physico-chemical treatment of baker's yeast wastewater.
The UASB reactor (35 degrees C) was quite efficient for removal of bulk COD (52-74%) from the raw and diluted cultivation medium from the first separation process of baker's yeasts (the average organic loading rates varied in the range 3.7-16 g COD/I/d). The aerobic-anoxic biofilter (19-23 degrees C) can be used for removal of remaining BOD and ammonia from anaerobic effluents; however, it had insufficient COD to fulfil the denitrification requirements. To balance COD/N ratio, some bypass of raw wastewater (approximately 10%) should be added to the biofilter feed. The application of iron (III)-, aluminium- or calcium-induced coagulation for post-treatment of aerobic effluents can fulfil the limits for discharge to sewerage (even for colour mainly exerted by hardly biodegradable melanoidins), however, the required amounts of coagulants were relatively high.
Kalyuzhnyi
S
S
Department of Chemical Enzymology, Chemistry Faculty, Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia. svk@enz.chem.msu.ru
Gladchenko
M
M
Starostina
E
E
Shcherbakov
S
S
Versprille
A
A
D000535:Aluminum / Q000737:chemistry; D000641:Ammonia / Q000378:metabolism; D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000378:metabolism; D019149:Bioreactors / Q000382:microbiology*; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry; D003116:Color; D005374:Filtration; D005427:Flocculation; D005525:Food-Processing Industry; D007220:Industrial Waste; D007501:Iron / Q000737:chemistry; D008697:Methane / Q000378:metabolism; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D012426:Russia; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods
D007220:Industrial Waste; D012722:Sewage; D000641:Ammonia; D000535:Aluminum; D007501:Iron; D009584:Nitrogen; D008697:Methane; D010100:Oxygen; D002118:Calcium