title: High-resolution DNA melting analysis for simultaneous mutation scanning and genotyping in solution.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  High-resolution DNA melting analysis with saturation dyes for either mutation scanning of PCR products or genotyping with unlabeled probes has been reported. However, simultaneous PCR product scanning and probe genotyping in the same reaction has not been described.
  
  
  METHODS
  Asymmetric PCR was performed in the presence of unlabeled oligonucleotide probes and a saturating fluorescent DNA dye. High-resolution melting curves for samples in either capillaries (0.3 degrees C/s) or microtiter format (0.1 degrees C/s) were generated in the same containers used for amplification. Melting curves of the factor V Leiden single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) and several mutations in exons 10 and 11 of the cystic fibrosis transconductance regulator gene were analyzed for both PCR product and probe melting transitions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Independent verification of genotype for simple SNPs was achieved by either PCR product or probe melting transitions. Two unlabeled probes in one reaction could genotype many sequence variants with simultaneous scanning of the entire PCR product. For example, analysis of both product and probe melting transitions genotyped DeltaF508, DeltaI507, Q493X, I506V, and F508C variants in exon 10 and G551D, G542X, and R553X variants in exon 11. Unbiased hierarchal clustering of the melting transitions identified the specific sequence variants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When DNA melting is performed rapidly and observed at high resolution with saturating DNA dyes, it is possible to scan for mutations and genotype at the same time within a few minutes after amplification. The method is no more complex than PCR and may reduce the need for resequencing.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, University of Utah Medical Center, Salt Lake City, UT 84105, USA.
authors.forename: Luming
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Lesi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Palais
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pryor
authors.forename: Carl T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Wittwer
mesh_terms: D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis*; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D005091:Exons; D005165:Factor V / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D031541:Fluorescence Resonance Energy Transfer / Q000379:methods; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012996:Solutions / Q000737:chemistry; D044366:Transition Temperature
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D015345:Oligonucleotide Probes; D012996:Solutions; C095381:factor V Leiden; D005165:Factor V; D004247:DNA