title: Bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws and endodontic treatment: two case reports.
abstract: Bisphosphonates are commonly used in the management of bone diseases, such as osteoporosis and Paget's disease, and to prevent bone complications and to treat malignant hypercalcemia in certain types of cancer. Although this class of drugs has clear evidence of medical efficacy, there are an increasing number of reports of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws that have substantial implications for the patient and for the treating dentist. This case report reviews proposed possible mechanisms of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis of the jaws and describes two case reports where nonsurgical and surgical root canal treatments were precipitating factors. Recommendations for prevention and treatment of the disease follow. Thorough history taking and timely consultation with the patient's oral surgeon and oncologist are emphasized.
authors.affiliation: National Naval Medical Center, and Naval Postgraduate Dental School, NNMC, Bethesda, Maryland, USA.
authors.forename: Aaron P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Sarathy
authors.forename: Sidney L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Bourgeois
authors.forename: Gary G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Goodell
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019386:Alendronate / Q000009:adverse effects; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000009:adverse effects; D007571:Jaw Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008297:Male; D010020:Osteonecrosis / Q000139:chemically induced*; D000077268:Pamidronate; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid
chemical_list: D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D004164:Diphosphonates; D007093:Imidazoles; D000077211:Zoledronic Acid; D000077268:Pamidronate; D019386:Alendronate