title: Quality-of-life assessment before and after liver transplantation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Quality-of-life (QoL) assessment includes health status, disability, psychological wellness, and social performance. We sought to evaluate the effect of liver transplantation (OLT) on the QoL of patients awaiting the procedure and its variations up to 8 years afterwards.
  
  
  METHODS
  LEIPAD-perceived QoL and BSI-psychological distress tests were used. Patients were divided in four groups (waiting list patients, 1 to 2 years after LT, 3 to 4 years after LT, 5 to 8 years after LT). Patients were also evaluated for type and severity of liver disease.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We evaluated 126 patients, 71% male, 29% female, median age 60.7 years (range 40 to 76 years), median follow-up 4 years (range 1 to 8). The patients on the waiting list scored worse both in global stress index (GSI) and total LEIPAD scores than transplanted patients. Upon univariate linear regression analysis, the only dimension associated with time groups was LEIPAD--physical functioning, showing a progressive improvement of perceived physical status with time from transplant. Severity of liver disease showed a protective effect, probably reflecting a better control of stressful events from patients transplanted at advanced stages of liver disease. Protective effects were found for male sex, retired, cohabitant patients, and the degree of education. Housewife and widow patients showed negative associations with BSI and LEIPAD dimensions. No independent predictors of QoL were found in this study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OLT improves most, but not all, QoL and psychological distress domains.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Transplantation Unit, University of Udine, Udine, Italy. mauricio.sainz@gmail.com
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sainz-Barriga
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Baccarani
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Scudeller
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Risaliti
authors.forename: P L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Toniutto
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ballestrieri
authors.forename: G L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Adani
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lorenzin
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bresadola
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ramacciatto
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bresadola
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001007:Anxiety; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status; D008875:Middle Aged; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011788:Quality of Life; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000453:epidemiology*; D013997:Time Factors