title: Automation of the glycerolization of red blood cells with the high-separation bowl in the Haemonetics ACP 215 instrument.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The FDA has approved a closed-system red blood cell (RBC) glycerolization procedure with the ACP 215 (Haemonetics), which requires a centrifuge to prepare RBCs before and after glycerolization. In the study reported here, the Haemonetics high-separation bowl was evaluated in an attempt to automate these two concentration steps.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten units of nonleukoreduced citrate phosphate dextrose (CPD)-anticoagulated whole blood were stored at 4 degrees C for 2 to 6 days before glycerolization and freezing as nonrejuvenated RBCs. Twenty-five units of nonleukoreduced CPD whole blood were stored at 4 degrees C for 2 to 8 days and then biochemically treated with a solution containing pyruvate, inosine, phosphate, and adenine (PIPA) before glycerolization and freezing as indated-rejuvenated RBC. Twenty units of leukoreduced CPD and AS-1 RBCs were stored at 4 degrees C for a mean of 48 days and treated with PIPA solution before glycerolization and freezing as outdated-rejuvenated RBCs. The glycerolized RBCs were frozen for at least 2 weeks at -80 degrees C, deglycerolized in the Haemonetics ACP 215 with the 325-mL bowl, and stored in AS-3 at 4 degrees C for 21 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It took approximately 50 minutes to glycerolize the nonrejuvenated and rejuvenated RBCs. After freezing, deglycerolization, and postwash storage at 4 degrees C in AS-3 for 2 weeks, the quality was similar to that of RBCs processed by the current FDA-approved method.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Processing time and need for technical expertise were significantly reduced with the completely automated functionally closed glycerolization procedure with the high-separation bowl in the Haemonetics ACP 215 instrument.
authors.affiliation: Naval Blood Research Laboratory, Boston, Massachusetts 02118, USA. navblood@nbrl.org
authors.forename: C Robert
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Valeri
authors.forename: Gina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ragno
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Van Houten
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Yair
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Egozy
authors.forename: Mark A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Popovsky
mesh_terms: D019794:2,3-Diphosphoglycerate / Q000097:blood; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000097:blood; D001331:Automation; D001793:Blood Preservation; D002498:Centrifugation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D015925:Cryopreservation; D003451:Cryoprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004209:Disposable Equipment; D017707:Erythrocyte Transfusion; D004912:Erythrocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D005615:Freezing; D005990:Glycerol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006400:Hematocrit; D006801:Humans; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D012034:Refrigeration; D012996:Solutions / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D003451:Cryoprotective Agents; D019188:Organ Preservation Solutions; C505094:PIPA solution; D012996:Solutions; D019794:2,3-Diphosphoglycerate; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D005990:Glycerol; D010100:Oxygen