title: Full-breadth analysis of CD8+ T-cell responses in acute hepatitis C virus infection and early therapy.
abstract: Multispecific CD8(+) T-cell responses are thought to be important for the control of acute hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection, but to date little information is actually available on the breadth of responses at early time points. Additionally, the influence of early therapy on these responses and their relationships to outcome are controversial. To investigate this issue, we performed comprehensive analysis of the breadth and frequencies of virus-specific CD8(+) T-cell responses on the single epitope level in eight acutely infected individuals who were all started on early therapy. During the acute phase, responses against up to five peptides were identified. During therapy, CD8(+) T-cell responses decreased rather than increased as virus was controlled, and no new specificities emerged. A sustained virological response following completion of treatment was independent of CD8(+) T-cell responses, as well as CD4(+) T-cell responses. Rapid recrudescence also occurred despite broad CD8(+) T-cell responses. Importantly, in vivo suppression of CD3(+) T cells using OKT3 in one subject did not result in recurrence of viremia. These data suggest that broad CD8(+) T-cell responses alone may be insufficient to contain HCV replication, and also that early therapy is effective independent of such responses.
authors.affiliation: Partners AIDS Research Center and Infectious Disease Division, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, 02129, USA. glauer@helix.mgh.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Georg M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Lauer
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lucas
authors.forename: Joerg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Timm
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ouchi
authors.forename: Arthur Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Cheryl L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Day
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schulze Zur Wiesch
authors.forename: Glaucia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paranhos-Baccala
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sheridan
authors.forename: Deborah R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Casson
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reiser
authors.forename: Rajesh T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Gandhi
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Todd M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Allen
authors.forename: Raymond T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Klenerman
authors.forename: Bruce D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Walker
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte / Q000276:immunology; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015854:Up-Regulation; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012254:Ribavirin; C100416:peginterferon alfa-2a