title: TGF-beta-induced apoptosis in endothelial cells mediated by M6P/IGFII-R and mini-plasminogen.
abstract: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta), a key modulator of endothelial cell apoptosis, must be activated from the latent form (LTGF-beta) to induce biological responses. In the present study, we report activation of TGF-beta by functional and physical co-operation of the mannose-6-phosphate/insulin-like-growth-factor-II receptor (CD222) and the urokinase-type plasminogen activator receptor (CD87). We show that endothelial cells express CD222 and CD87 in a membrane complex and demonstrate that the association of these two receptors is essential for the release of active TGF-beta in the transduced mouse fibroblast used as model cells. By contrast, smooth-muscle cells, which express CD222 and CD87 at similar density to endothelial cells but not in complexed form, do not activate TGF-beta. We also have found that mini-plasminogen is a high-affinity ligand for CD222 and is essential for the activation of TGF-beta by the CD87-CD222 complex to induce apoptosis in endothelial cells. This specific mechanism of TGF-beta-mediated apoptosis in endothelial cells is thus a potential novel target to be considered for treatment of pathological vascular disorders (e.g. tumor angiogenesis).
authors.affiliation: BMT, BioMolecular Therapeutics, Brunner Strasse 59, 1235 Vienna, Austria. vladimir.leksa@meduniwien.ac.at
authors.forename: Vladimír
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Leksa
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Godar
authors.forename: Herbert B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Schiller
authors.forename: Elke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fuertbauer
authors.forename: Arshad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muhammad
authors.forename: Katarina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Slezakova
authors.forename: Vaclav
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Horejsi
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Steinlein
authors.forename: Ulrich H
authors.initials: UH
authors.lastname: Weidle
authors.forename: Bernd R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Binder
authors.forename: Hannes
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Stockinger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010958:Plasminogen / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism; D017527:Receptor, IGF Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D055293:Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C524898:PLAUR protein, human; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C524899:Plaur protein, mouse; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D017527:Receptor, IGF Type 2; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D055293:Receptors, Urokinase Plasminogen Activator; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C044190:miniplasminogen; D010958:Plasminogen