title: N-acylanilines, herbicide-CHA chimera, and amino acid analogues as novel chemical hybridizing agents for wheat (Triticum aestivum L.).
abstract: In the absence of viable alternative technology of hybrid wheat development, chemical induction of male sterility mediated technology based on chemical hybridizing agents (CHAs) holds a great potential. N-Acylaniline derivatives, namely, ethyl 4'-fluoro oxanilate (1) and ethyl 4'-trifluoromethyl oxanilate (2) containing halogen atoms in the para position of the aryl ring and substituted amide linkage (-CO-NH-) in the acyl side chain induced >98% spikelet sterility on three genotypes of wheat, namely, PBW 343, HD 2046 and HD 2733, at 1500 ppm. The active moieties were incorporated in the form of herbicide-CHA chimera and amino acid analogues using glycine and alanine as templates. The target activity was made more selective by synthesizing chimeric structure of herbicide (2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid and dalapon) and the most active CHA templates, namely, 4- fluoroanilinyl and beta-ethoxycarbonyl moieties. Among herbicide-CHA chimera ethyl 2',4'-dichlorophenyl oxalate (14) induced 79.11% male sterility, whereas benzyl methyl 2-oxo-3-azaadipate (20) was the best, inducing 73.87% male sterility in HD 2733, among amino acid analogues. The CHAs were found to modify the reproductive biology to ensure cross-pollination in the cleistogamous wheat flowers, increasing the probability for the development of hybrids.
authors.affiliation: Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi 110012, India. kajal_iari@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Kajal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chakraborty
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Devakumar
mesh_terms: D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006540:Herbicides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006824:Hybridization, Genetic; D014908:Triticum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000254:growth & development
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D000814:Aniline Compounds; D006540:Herbicides