title: Peptide YY is a regulator of energy homeostasis in obese children before and after weight loss.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The gut hormone peptide YY(3-36) (PYY) reduces food intake via hypothalamic Y2 receptors in the brain. There is not much known about PYY in obese children.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to investigate the role of PYY in the metabolic changes in obese children and its change during weight loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was performed at a university medical center.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 73 obese children and 45 age-matched normal-weight children.
  
  
  METHODS
  We determined fasting serum total PYY and leptin by RIA in obese and normal-weight children. Fasting PYY was also measured in 28 obese children before and after completion of a 1-yr outpatient weight reduction program.
  
  
  METHODS
  PYY, insulin, and body mass index were the main outcome measures.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Obese children demonstrated significantly lower PYY levels than lean children (median, 67 vs. 124 pg/ml; P < 0.001). Fasting PYY correlated negatively to the degree of overweight. PYY levels did not differ significantly between boys and girls, nor between prepubertal and pubertal children. The group of patients participating in the outpatient weight reduction program was divided into four quartiles according to their changes in body mass index SD score over a 1-yr period. PYY increased significantly in patients with the most effective weight loss, but decreased in the subgroup of children with weight gain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PYY is negatively correlated to the degree of overweight, with reduced values in obese compared with normal-weight children. Decreased PYY levels could predispose subjects to develop obesity. Our results indicate that low pretreatment PYY levels that increase during weight loss may be a predictor of maintained weight loss.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Bonn, Adenauerallee 119, 53113 Bonn, Germany. croth@uni-bonn.de
authors.forename: Christian L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Roth
authors.forename: Pablo J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Enriori
authors.forename: Katia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Harz
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Woelfle
authors.forename: Michael A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Cowley
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Reinehr
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006706:Homeostasis; D006801:Humans; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000628:therapy*; D019894:Peptide YY / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D020738:Leptin; D019894:Peptide YY