title: Give me A5 for lipoprotein hydrolysis!
abstract: APOA5 is a newly identified apolipoprotein that plays a crucial role in the regulation of plasma triglyceride levels. In several human studies, common APOA5 single nucleotide polymorphisms have been strongly associated with elevated plasma triglyceride levels. In this issue of the JCI, Marçais et al. report that the rare Q139X mutation in APOA5 leads to severe hypertriglyceridemia by exerting a dominant-negative effect on the plasma lipolytic system for triglyceride-rich lipoproteins. The presented data support the idea that the molecular mechanism of APOA5 function may include the enhancement of binding between lipoproteins and proteoglycans at the vascular wall and activation of proteoglycan-bound lipoprotein lipase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and IBM II: Molecular Cell Biology, University Hospital Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany. merkel@uke.uni-hamburg.de
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Merkel
authors.forename: Joerg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heeren
mesh_terms: D019943:Amino Acid Substitution / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D000072040:Apolipoprotein A-V; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000201:enzymology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000097:blood; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood*; D010949:Plasma / Q000378:metabolism; D017354:Point Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D011485:Protein Binding; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000097:blood; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C437704:APOA5 protein, human; D000072040:Apolipoprotein A-V; D001053:Apolipoproteins; D001054:Apolipoproteins A; D008074:Lipoproteins; D011509:Proteoglycans; D014280:Triglycerides; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase