title: Assessment of the ability of the bioelectric effect to eliminate mixed-species biofilms.
abstract: Microbes have been able to persist in water distribution systems through the development of multicellular communities known as biofilms. This study evaluated the usefulness of the bioelectric effect for the elimination of water distribution system biofilms from annular reactors. The bioelectric effect did not have any bactericidal action either alone or when coupled with free chlorine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Sciences, Dental School, University of Maryland-Baltimore, 666 W. Baltimore Street, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. mes003@dental.umaryland.edu
authors.forename: Mark E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Shirtliff
authors.forename: Alex
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bargmeyer
authors.forename: Anne K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Camper
mesh_terms: D001674:Bioelectric Energy Sources; D018441:Biofilms / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development*; D019149:Bioreactors; D002713:Chlorine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004560:Electricity; D014871:Water Microbiology; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods; D014881:Water Supply
chemical_list: D002713:Chlorine