title: Biliary brush cytology and the detection of cholangiocarcinoma in primary sclerosing cholangitis: evaluation of specific cytomorphologic features and CA19-9 levels.
abstract: Interpreting biliary brush cytology (BBC) findings in primary sclerosing cholangitis (PSC) is problematic. In our study, BBC findings and CA19-9 serum levels were evaluated for their effectiveness in diagnosing cholangiocarcinoma in patients with PSC. We reviewed 107 biliary brushings from 51 patients with PSC and concurrent CA19-9 levels between January 1995 and March 2004 at the University of Washington Medical Center, Seattle. A portion of the brushings were evaluated and scored according to specific cytologic criteria; statistical analysis showed which criteria were most predictive in diagnosing malignancy: nuclear/cytoplasmic ratio, prominent nucleoli, nuclear membrane irregularities, and discohesion were significant predictive features. Sensitivity and specificity of BBC were 62.5% and 100%, respectively. Sensitivity and specificity of CA19-9 at a cutoff of 186 IU/mL were 100% and 94%, respectively. BBC is a specific and relatively sensitive method of detecting cholangiocarcinoma, even in patients with PSC, especially when certain cytomorphologic features are identified. Combining biliary cytology and CA19-9 levels might have an important diagnostic role in PSC.
authors.affiliation: University of Washington, School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98111, USA.
authors.forename: Paul S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Furmanczyk
authors.forename: Verena S
authors.initials: VS
authors.lastname: Grieco
authors.forename: S Nicholas
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Agoff
mesh_terms: D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / Q000473:pathology*; D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*; D015209:Cholangitis, Sclerosing / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D018395:CA-19-9 Antigen