[Syndecans in cell adhesion and differentiation].
Syndecans are transmembrane proteoglycans expressed on adherent cells. They are a family of four proteins, which participate in cell-matrix adhesion, the regulation of growth factors (FGFs, VEGF, HGF) binding and signaling. The extracellular domain of syndecans contains heparan sulfate and chondroitin sulfate glycosaminoglycan chains. Syndecans have transmembrane region and a short cytoplasmic domain. The cytoplasmic domain attaches activated protein kinase Calpha, phosphatidyl-inositol-4,5-bisphosphate, syntenin, beta-catenin and many others molecules. Syndecans bind numerous ligands, which are present in extracellular matrix: growth factors, enzymes, extracellular matrix molecules (fibronectin, laminin). They form connections with actin cytoskeleton. The changes in syndecan expression influence on cell adhesion and migration, structure of focal contacts and cytoskeleton. Syndecans participate in cell differentiation and tissue regeneration.
Brzóska
Edyta
E
Faculty of Biology, Department of Cytology, Warsaw University, 1 Miecznikowa St., 02-096 Warsaw, Poland. edbrzoska@biol.uw.edu.pl
Grabowska
Iwona
I
D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000502:physiology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015870:Gene Expression; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000378:metabolism*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D053667:Syndecans
D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D006133:Growth Substances; D008024:Ligands; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D011509:Proteoglycans; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D053667:Syndecans