title: Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa and P2Y12 receptor antagonists yield additive inhibition of platelet aggregation, granule secretion, soluble CD40L release and procoagulant responses.
abstract: Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa (GPIIb/IIIa) antagonists, including abciximab and tirofiban, are administered concurrently with clopidogrel, a P2Y12 antagonist, and aspirin in some patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention. We studied the effects of, and interactions between, abciximab, tirofiban, aspirin and the P2Y12 antagonist cangrelor on platelet aggregation, alpha and dense granule secretion and procoagulant responses in vitro. Blood was obtained from healthy volunteers. Platelet aggregation, dense granule secretion, alpha granule secretion (PAI-1 and soluble CD40 ligand levels) and procoagulant responses (annexin-V and microparticle formation) were assessed using collagen and thrombin receptor activating peptide (TRAP) as agonists. All the antagonists used singularly inhibited collagen-induced responses. Combinations of abciximab or tirofiban with aspirin and/or cangrelor gave additive inhibition with the greatest effect seen when abciximab or tirofiban was combined with both aspirin and cangrelor. Cangrelor inhibited TRAP-induced responses and, again, there was additive inhibition of these parameters when abciximab or tirofiban were combined with cangrelor. The GPIIb/IIIa receptor plays an important role in amplification of platelet activation such that there are important interactions between GPIIb/IIIa antagonists and inhibitors of both P2Y12 receptor activation and, to a lesser extent, thromboxane A2 generation. These interactions are likely to have important influences on the safety and efficacy of combination anti-platelet therapies.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Research Unit, Clinical Sciences Centre, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield S5 7AU, UK. h.judge@sheffield.ac.uk
authors.forename: Heather M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Judge
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Buckland
authors.forename: Carol E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Holgate
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Storey
mesh_terms: D000077284:Abciximab; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D001241:Aspirin / Q000494:pharmacology; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D023201:CD40 Ligand / Q000378:metabolism*; D003029:Coagulants / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments / Q000494:pharmacology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D058919:Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2 / Q000378:metabolism; D058925:Receptors, Purinergic P2Y12; D018179:Receptors, Thrombin / Q000378:metabolism; D022142:Secretory Vesicles / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077466:Tirofiban; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D003029:Coagulants; D007140:Immunoglobulin Fab Fragments; D008565:Membrane Proteins; C548576:P2RY12 protein, human; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex; D058919:Purinergic P2 Receptor Antagonists; D018048:Receptors, Purinergic P2; D058925:Receptors, Purinergic P2Y12; D018179:Receptors, Thrombin; D023201:CD40 Ligand; D000249:Adenosine Monophosphate; D014443:Tyrosine; C117446:cangrelor; D000077466:Tirofiban; D001241:Aspirin; D000077284:Abciximab