title: IL-1RN and IL-1B gene polymorphisms and cerebral hemorrhagic events after traumatic brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association of (variable number tandem repeat) interleukin (IL) 1RN and (-511) IL-1B gene polymorphisms with brain hemorrhagic events after traumatic brain injury (TBI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from brain CT, Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) at admission, and 6-month Glasgow Outcome Scale (GOS) and modified Rankin Scale (mRS) were collected for 151 prospectively recruited patients with TBI. IL-1RN and IL-1B genotypes were determined using standard methods. Presence vs absence of any type of brain hemorrhage was the main outcome. Type of brain hemorrhage, GCS at admission, and 6-month GOS and mRS were secondary outcomes. Odd ratios (ORs) and corresponding 95% CI were calculated using logistic regression analyses. In adjusted models, the associations were controlled for age, gender, diffuse brain edema, volume of intracranial hematoma, neurosurgical intervention, and GCS at admission. p values less than 0.01 were considered significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with noncarriers, IL-1RN allele 2 carriers had higher odds of having cerebral hemorrhages after TBI (adjusted OR = 4.57; 95% CI = 1.67 to 12.96; p = 0.004). The associations for (-511) IL-1B polymorphism were not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is an association between the presence of interleukin-1RN allele 2 and posttraumatic brain hemorrhage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Hospital of Larissa, Medical School, University of Thessaly, Larissa 41222, Greece. gmhadji@med.uth.gr
authors.forename: G M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Hadjigeorgiou
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Paterakis
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Dardiotis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dardioti
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aggelakis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tasiou
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xiromerisiou
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Komnos
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zintzaras
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Scarmeas
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Papadimitriou
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karantanas
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D020201:Brain Hemorrhage, Traumatic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D005820:Genetic Testing; D005838:Genotype; D015600:Glasgow Coma Scale; D006801:Humans; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018598:Minisatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D008959:Models, Neurological; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins