title: Decreasing rates of resistance to penicillin, but not erythromycin, in Streptococcus pneumoniae after introduction of a policy to restrict antibiotic usage in Taiwan.
abstract: A 16% decline in rates of penicillin resistance in Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in Taiwan between 1998--1999 (25%) and 2001 (9%) was associated with a 46% decrease in total penicillin and other cephalosporin usage in 2001 compared with 1999. However, erythromycin resistance in S. pneumoniae remained high (94%), despite a 45% decrease in macrolide consumption between 1999 and 2001.
authors.affiliation: Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taiwan. hsporen@ha.mc.ntu.edu.tw
authors.forename: P-R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Hsueh
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002876:Chromosomes, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004363:Drug Utilization; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D010406:Penicillins / Q000494:pharmacology; D010614:Pharynx / Q000382:microbiology; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D013296:Streptococcus pneumoniae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C103179:ComE protein, Streptococcus pneumoniae; D004251:DNA Transposable Elements; D010406:Penicillins; C423628:competence factor, Streptococcus; D004917:Erythromycin