title: Mitochondrial efficiency in rat skeletal muscle: influence of respiration rate, substrate and muscle type.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the hypothesis that mitochondrial efficiency (i.e. P/O ratio) is higher in type I than in type II fibres during submaximal rates of respiration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mitochondria were isolated from rat soleus and extensor digitorum longus (EDL) muscles, representing type I and type II fibres, respectively. Mitochondrial efficiency (P/O ratio) was determined with pyruvate (Pyr) or palmitoyl-l-carnitine (PC) during submaximal (constant rate of adenosine diphosphate infusion) and maximal (V(max), state 3) rates of respiration and fitted to monoexponential functions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no difference in V(max) between PC and Pyr in soleus but in EDL V(max) with PC was only 58% of that with Pyr. The activity of 3-hydroxyacyl-CoA dehydrogenase was threefold higher in soleus than in EDL. P/O ratio at V(max) was 8-9% lower with PC [2.33 +/- 0.02 (soleus) and 2.30 +/- 0.02 (EDL)] than with Pyr [2.52 +/- 0.03 (soleus) and 2.54 +/- 0.03 (EDL)] but not different between the two muscles (P > 0.05). P/O ratio was low at low rates of respiration and increased exponentially when the rate of respiration increased. The asymptotes of the curves were similar to P/O ratio at V(max). P/O ratio at submaximal respirations was not different between soleus and EDL neither with Pyr nor with PC.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mitochondrial efficiency, as determined in vitro, was not significantly different in the two fibre types neither at V(max) nor at submaximal rates of respiration. The low V(max) for PC oxidation in EDL may relate to low activity of beta-oxidation.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Sports Science and Clinical Biomechanics, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mogensen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sahlin
mesh_terms: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002331:Carnitine / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D019069:Cell Respiration; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008931:Mitochondria, Muscle / Q000378:metabolism*; D018656:Muscle Fibers, Fast-Twitch / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D018657:Muscle Fibers, Slow-Twitch / Q000378:metabolism / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010085:Oxidative Phosphorylation; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D019289:Pyruvic Acid / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000244:Adenosine Diphosphate; D019289:Pyruvic Acid; D002331:Carnitine