title: Role of nitric oxide in hydroxyapatite-induced phagocytosis by murine macrophage cell line (RAW264.7).
abstract: The aim of this study was to determine the role of nitric oxide (NO) in hydroxyapatite (HA)-induced phagocytosis by a murine macrophage cell line (RAW264.7). The cells were incubated with HA particles at various incubation time and phagocytosis was assessed using phagocytic index (PI). NO production from the culture supernatants was determined by the Griess reagent. The inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) expression was determined by Western blot. The particles were also incubated with cells pretreated with various concentrations of L-N(6)-(1-iminoethyl) lysine hydrochloride (L-NIL) or L-arginine. Latex beads were used as a control. Our results showed that macrophage phagocytosis induced by HA was higher than that induced by the beads. However, NO production by HA-stimulated cells was lower than that by bead-stimulated cells. iNOS expression in both bead- and HA-stimulated cells was observed expressed at 7, 15, 30, and 60 min. l-Arginine enhanced but l-NIL inhibited both phagocytosis and NO production by HA-stimulated cells. The results of the present study suggest that nitric oxide may play a crucial role in HA-induced phagocytosis by RAW264.7 cells.
authors.affiliation: School of Dental Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 16150 Kota Bharu, Malaysia. gopinath@kb.usm.my
authors.forename: V K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Gopinath
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Musa
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Samsudin
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lalitha
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sosroseno
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000276:immunology; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000494:pharmacology; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000379:methods; D002460:Cell Line; D017886:Durapatite / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000276:immunology; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000276:immunology; D008264:Macrophages / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000032:analysis / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; C090663:N(6)-(1-iminoethyl)lysine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D017886:Durapatite; D001120:Arginine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; C496317:Nos2 protein, mouse; D008239:Lysine