Mesorectal lymph node involvement and prognostic implications at total pelvic exenteration for gynecologic malignancies.
OBJECTIVE
To determine the incidence and prognostic implications of positive mesorectal lymph nodes in patients undergoing total pelvic exenteration for recurrent gynecologic malignancies.


METHODS
We performed a retrospective chart review of all patients who had undergone total pelvic exenteration for a gynecologic malignancy between July 1992 and December 2003. Patient charts were reviewed for information regarding demographics, site of cancer, histology, pathology report, and time to recurrence.


RESULTS
Fifty-eight women had undergone total pelvic exenteration for recurrent gynecologic malignancies during the study period and 57 were available for analysis. Primary cancer site was as follows: cervix, 37 (65%); vagina, 8 (14%); vulva, 5 (9%); and uterine corpus, 7 (12%). In 30 patients (53%), the mesorectal lymph node status was pathologically evaluated. Of these 30 patients, 3 (10%) had positive mesorectal lymph nodes at the time of total pelvic exenteration. All 3 patients had rectal wall involvement (rectal submucosa, 2; rectal mucosa, 1), and all 3 patients recurred within 4 months of pelvic exenteration. The median time to recurrence after surgery was 2.4 months in those patients with positive mesorectal lymph nodes compared with 7.3 months in those with negative mesorectal lymph nodes (P = 0.005). When individually adjusted for other prognostic variables, such as margin status, tumor grade, lymphovascular space involvement, primary cancer site, and histologic type, a finding of positive mesorectal lymph nodes was associated with a shorter time to recurrence of disease (all P < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Mesorectal lymph node involvement is a common finding at total pelvic exenteration, particularly in patients with rectal wall involvement. Patients with positive mesorectal lymph nodes appear to have a worse outcome with a shorter time to recurrence of disease.
Mourton
Susannah M
SM
Gynecology Service, Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan-Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Avenue, MRI-1026, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Chi
Dennis S
DS
Sonoda
Yukio
Y
Alektiar
Kaled M
KM
Venkatraman
Ennapadam S
ES
Barakat
Richard R
RR
Abu-Rustum
Nadeem R
NR
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005833:Genital Neoplasms, Female / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D010385:Pelvic Exenteration; D011379:Prognosis; D012007:Rectum / Q000473:pathology; D012189:Retrospective Studies