title: Estimate of the variability of the lysine requirement of growing pigs using the indicator amino acid oxidation technique.
abstract: Although AA requirements for the mean in a population of growing pigs are well established, there are no direct estimates of their variability within the population. The indicator AA oxidation method allows repeated measurements in a short period of time so that the AA requirement can be determined for individual pigs. The objective was to determine the Lys requirement in individual pigs to derive a first estimate of the population mean requirement and its variability. Nine individually housed barrows (15 to 18 kg) were surgically implanted with venous catheters for isotope infusion. Pigs were offered, in random order, isonitrogenous and isoenergetic diets with one of seven Lys concentrations (4.8 to 15.5 g of Lys/kg diet, as-fed basis). The pigs were fed twice daily, except for study days when they received one-half of the daily allowance in eight equal hourly meals. After a validated minimum adaptation period, indicator (Phe) oxidation was determined for each dietary Lys level during a 4-h primed, constant infusion of L-[1-(14C)]Phe at a rate of 464 kBq/h. The Lys requirement was calculated using a two-phase linear regression crossover analysis within individual pigs. For each pig, Phe oxidation decreased linearly (P < 0.02) as the dietary Lys concentration increased until the requirement was reached; thereafter, Phe oxidation was not different. The true ileal digestible Lys requirement ranged from 7.5 to 10.6 g/kg of diet (as-fed basis) for the nine animals. The mean requirement for all pigs was 9.1 g/d (CV, 11.6%) or 93.9% (CV, 9.8%) of the predicted (NRC, 1998) requirement based on each pig's mean BW and energy intake. The measured and predicted requirements did not differ. The indicator AA oxidation method gave values for Lys requirement similar to conventional methods. The short (< 3 wk) experimental period allows, for the first time, the estimate of population variability, which provides for more accurate calculation of the effect of altering Lys intake on herd performance and production economics. This method is suitable to use with all dietary indispensable AA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agricultural, Food and Nutritional Science, University of Alberta, Edmonton, AB, T6G 2P5, Canada.
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Bertolo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moehn
authors.forename: P B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Pencharz
authors.forename: R O
authors.initials: RO
authors.lastname: Ball
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D008239:Lysine / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D011897:Random Allocation; D013552:Swine / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D008239:Lysine