title: CSF levels of angiogenesis-related proteins in patients with leptomeningeal metastases.
abstract: The authors determined the levels of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) in the CSF of patients with leptomeningeal metastases (LM; n = 53), cancer patients without LM (n = 18), and subjects without malignancy (n = 25). Median levels of uPA and VEGF were significantly higher in patients with LM, supporting the hypothesis that angiogenesis contributes to LM. VEGF was negatively correlated with survival in patients with LM, suggesting its use as a prognostic factor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Utrecht, The Netherlands. jc.reijneveld@vumc.nl
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Reijneveld
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brandsma
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Boogerd
authors.forename: J G M
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Bonfrer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kalmijn
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Voest
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Geurts-Moespot
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Visser
authors.forename: M J B
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Taphoorn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001099:Arachnoid / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000556:secondary; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000556:secondary*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000556:secondary; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010841:Pia Mater / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D015996:Survival Rate; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D014568:Urokinase-Type Plasminogen Activator