title: Adult heart block is associated with disease activity in primary Sjögren's syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Congenital heart block occurring in the foetus and neonate may be associated with maternal anti-SS-A/anti-SS-B autoantibodies (anti-SSA/anti-SSB). The adult atrioventricular node is generally thought to be resistant to the damaging effects of anti-SSA/anti-SSB. However, case reports suggest that heart block developing in adult Sjögren's syndrome (SS) patients may be associated with these autoantibodies. Therefore, we investigated the relationship between serum antibodies and heart block in adult SS patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We abstracted data from clinic patient records. Diagnosis of primary SS was based on American-European classification criteria. Electrocardiograms (EKGs), laboratory immunology parameters, lipid profiles, and focus scores from labial salivary gland biopsies were available for 51 SS patients. Fifteen patients had follow-up EKGs. PR interval200 ms was considered to be first-degree heart block.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five patients showed prolonged PR intervals; the presence of heart block was not related to the presence of anti-SSA antibodies. However, significant differences between patients with prolonged and normal PR intervals were seen for mean focus scores (p<0.0001), anti-cardiolipin immunoglobulin IgG (p = 0.0009), age (p = 0.01), IgG (p = 0.02), anti-SSB antibodies (p = 0.02), and high density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol levels (p = 0.03). These parameters correlated with prolonged PR intervals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest an association between disease activity, the presence of anti-SSB antibodies, and the occurrence of first-degree heart block in adults with primary SS.
authors.affiliation: Gene Therapy and Therapeutics Branch/National Institute of Dental and Craniofacial Research, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892-1190, USA. blodde@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Lodde
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sankar
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Kok
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Leakan
authors.forename: P P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Tak
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Pillemer
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D001283:Atrioventricular Node / Q000276:immunology; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006327:Heart Block / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D007075:Immunoglobulin M / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012859:Sjogren's Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007075:Immunoglobulin M; C035357:SS-B antibodies