title: Unilateral extravesical ureteral reimplantation in children performed on an outpatient basis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Unilateral extravesical ureteral reimplantation is comparable to intravesical procedures for resolution of primary vesicoureteral reflux (VUR). Defining whether this operation can be consistently performed on an outpatient basis is important.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 80 patients with unilateral VUR were treated with extravesical ureteral reimplantation, of whom 20 were treated on an inpatient basis and 60 on an outpatient basis. We retrospectively reviewed these groups and conducted a telephone survey to evaluate overall patient satisfaction, and pain and nausea on postoperative days 1 and 14.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences in age, gender, laterality or operative time between the groups. Average length of hospital stay was 31.25 hours (range 20 to 120) for the inpatient group and 6.6 hours (3.25 to 11.20) for the outpatient group. Average intravenous narcotic use in the inpatient group was 0.39 mg/kg, compared to 0.14 mg/kg for the outpatient group (p < 0.005), and included 1.76 mg/kg ketorolac in inpatients and 0.74 ketorolac in outpatients (p < 0.005), and 0.2 mg/kg ondansetron in inpatients and 0.12 mg/kg ondansetron in outpatients (p = 0.004). Four of the 60 outpatients (6.7%) were either hospitalized postoperatively or rehospitalized on postoperative day 1. The results of the survey for the 2 groups were not significantly different.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Extravesical ureteral reimplantation for unilateral VUR may be performed without compromise in quality on an outpatient basis with significantly less use of intravenous analgesics and anti-emetics.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah, USA.
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Putman
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wicher
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wayment
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Harrell
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Devries
authors.forename: Brent
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Snow
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cartwright
mesh_terms: D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients; D008297:Male; D010045:Outpatients; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000503:physiopathology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011336:Probability; D012092:Replantation / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014513:Ureter / Q000601:surgery*; D014718:Vesico-Ureteral Reflux / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*