title: Genotypic analysis of the protease and reverse transcriptase of HIV type 1 subtype C isolates from antiretroviral drug-naive adults in Malawi.
abstract: The protease (PR) and reverse transcriptase (RT) regions of HIV-1 isolates from 21 antiretroviral (ARV)-naive Malawian adults were sequenced and analyzed to determine the prevalence of drug resistance-associated mutations in this population. Phylogenetic analysis confirmed that all isolates grouped with HIV-1 subtype C, the predominant subtype in Malawi. No major mutations associated with resistance to PR inhibitors (PIs), nucleoside RT inhibitors (NRTIs), or nonnucleoside RT inhibitors (NNRTIs) were found. In contrast, accessory mutations were found in the protease region at positions 10, 20, 36, 63, 77, and 93, and in the RT region at positions 118, 211, and 214. Further studies will be needed to determine the clinical impact of these polymorphisms on viral susceptibility to existing antiretroviral drugs.
authors.affiliation: UNC Center for AIDS Research, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA. lpetch@med.unc.edu
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Petch
authors.forename: I F
authors.initials: IF
authors.lastname: Hoffman
authors.forename: C S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Jere
authors.forename: P N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Kazembe
authors.forename: F E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Martinson
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chilongozi
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Fiscus
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D016384:Consensus Sequence; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000821:virology*; D016333:HIV Protease / Q000235:genetics*; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000235:genetics*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008295:Malawi; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D010802:Phylogeny; D016415:Sequence Alignment
chemical_list: D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase; D016333:HIV Protease