title: Lower birth weight and visceral fat accumulation are related to hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in obese Japanese children.
abstract: This study aimed to reveal the relation of birth weight (or the birth weight standard deviation score [BWSDS]) and visceral fat accumulation to hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance. We examined obese Japanese children (650 boys and 317 girls) with a mean age of 10.3 years (range, 6-15 years). The mean percentage of overweight to the standard body weight of Japanese children was 52.1% in boys and 51.4% in girls. Abdominal fat thickness (maximum preperitoneal fat thickness; Pmax) was measured using ultrasonography. The fasting serum insulin and plasma glucose levels were measured, and the homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-R) and quantitative insulin sensitivity check index (QUICKI) were calculated. We divided the subjects into four groups according to their birth weight or BWSDS, and compared anthropometric measurements, Pmax, blood pressure, serum insulin levels, HOMA-R and QUICKI among the quartiles. The relationships of both birth weight (or BWSDS) and Pmax to serum insulin levels (or HOMA-R, QUICKI) were examined with multiple regression analyses. The fasting serum insulin level and HOMA-R were highest in the quartile with the lowest birth weight or BWSDS. The birth weight and BWSDS were inversely related to the serum insulin levels and HOMA-R, positively related to QUICKI, and independent of Pmax. Our findings suggest that both lower birth weight and visceral fat accumulation may be independently related to hyperinsulinemia and insulin resistance in obese Japanese children.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatrics, Department of Homeostatic Regulation and Development, Niigata University Graduate School of Medicine and Dental Sciences, Niigata, Japan. yukie_iwata@yahoo.co.jp
authors.forename: Yukie
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagasaki
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hiura
authors.forename: Yohei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000473:pathology*; D000293:Adolescent; D001724:Birth Weight; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006946:Hyperinsulinism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014781:Viscera