title: Distinct E2F-mediated transcriptional program regulates p14ARF gene expression.
abstract: The tumor suppressor p14(ARF) gene is induced by ectopically expressed E2F, a positive regulator of the cell cycle. The gene is expressed at low levels in normally growing cells in contrast to high levels in varieties of tumors. How p14(ARF) gene is regulated by E2F in normally growing cells and tumor cells remains obscure. Here we show that regulation of p14(ARF) gene by E2F is distinct from that of classical E2F targets. It is directly mediated by E2F through a novel E2F-responsive element that varies from the typical E2F site. The element responds to E2F activity resulting from ectopic E2F1 expression, inactivation of pRb by adenovirus E1a or shRNA, but not to phosphorylation of pRb by serum stimulation or ectopic cyclin D1/cyclin-dependent kinase-4 expression in normal human fibroblasts. The element has activity in various tumor cells with defective pRb, but not in normally growing cells. These results indicate that the distinct regulation constitutes the basis of p14(ARF) function as a tumor suppressor, discriminating abnormal growth signals caused by defects in pRb function from normal growth signals.
authors.affiliation: Human Gene Sciences Center, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Yushima, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Komori
authors.forename: Mitsuru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Enomoto
authors.forename: Masataka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Ritsuko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Iwanaga
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohtani
mesh_terms: D017500:Adenovirus E1A Proteins; D001665:Binding Sites; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002460:Cell Line; D056741:Cyclin D; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000378:metabolism; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D016213:Cyclins / Q000378:metabolism; D050684:E2F Transcription Factors / Q000502:physiology*; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D005347:Fibroblasts; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011485:Protein Binding; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein / Q000502:physiology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D017500:Adenovirus E1A Proteins; D056741:Cyclin D; D016213:Cyclins; D050684:E2F Transcription Factors; D016160:Retinoblastoma Protein; D025803:Tumor Suppressor Protein p14ARF; D019938:Cyclin D1; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases