title: Guanine tetraplex topology of human telomere DNA is governed by the number of (TTAGGG) repeats.
abstract: Secondary structures of the G-rich strand of human telomere DNA fragments G3(TTAG3)n, n = 1-16, have been studied by means of circular dichroism spectroscopy and PAGE, in solutions of physiological potassium cation concentrations. It has been found that folding of these fragments into tetraplexes as well as tetraplex thermostabilities and enthalpy values depend on the number of TTAG3 repeats. The suggested topologies include, e.g. antiparallel and parallel bimolecular tetraplexes, an intramolecular antiparallel tetraplex, a tetraplex consisting of three parallel chains and one antiparallel chain, a poorly stable parallel intramolecular tetraplex, and both parallel and antiparallel tetramolecular tetraplexes. G3(TTAG3)3 folds into a single, stable and very compact intramolecular antiparallel tetraplex. With an increasing repeat number, the fragment tetraplexes surprisingly are ever less thermostable and their migration and enthalpy decrease indicate increasing irregularities or domain splitting in their arrangements. Reduced stability and different topology of lengthy telomeric tails could contribute to the stepwise telomere shortening process.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysics, Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic, Královopolská 135, CZ-612 65 Brno, Czech Republic. mifi@ibp.cz
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vorlícková
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chládková
authors.forename: Iva
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kejnovská
authors.forename: Markéta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fialová
authors.forename: Jaroslav
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kypr
mesh_terms: D002942:Circular Dichroism; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D054856:G-Quadruplexes; D006147:Guanine / Q000737:chemistry*; D006801:Humans; D009690:Nucleic Acid Conformation; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D016615:Telomere / Q000737:chemistry*; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D006147:Guanine; D004247:DNA