title: Isolated sphenoid sinus disease: etiology and management.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the diagnosis and management of isolated sphenoid sinus disease by using the current rhinologic standard of care.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective chart review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty sequential, symptomatic patients were studied. Presenting symptoms included headache or facial pain (88%), rhinorrhea (46%), and nasal congestion (26%). All patients underwent CT imaging, demonstrating bony changes or dehiscences (42%), a mass (24%), or complete opacification of the sphenoid sinus (22%). Eighty percent required surgical intervention. The most frequent diagnoses were as follows: sinusitis (38%), fungal ball (20%), neoplasm (16%), and mucocele (12%). Treatment resulted in clinical or endoscopic improvement or resolution in 87% of the patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The presenting symptoms of isolated sphenoid sinus disease can be nonspecific and may result in an inordinate delay in diagnosis. Nasal endoscopy and radiologic imaging are central to making an accurate and timely diagnosis. Medical treatment or minimally invasive surgical techniques can successfully manage the majority of patients with persistent or refractory symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Section of Nasal and Sinus Disorders, Head and Neck Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: Pete S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Batra
authors.forename: Samer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fakhri
authors.forename: Martin J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Citardi
authors.forename: Donald C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Lanza
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D010254:Paranasal Sinus Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013101:Sphenoid Sinus; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome