title: A hypervariable N-terminal region of Yersinia LcrV determines Toll-like receptor 2-mediated IL-10 induction and mouse virulence.
abstract: The virulence antigen LcrV of Yersinia enterocolitica O:8 induces IL-10 in macrophages via Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2). The TLR2-active region of LcrV is localized within its N-terminal amino acids (aa) 31-57. Sequencing of codons 25-92 of the lcrV gene from 59 strains of the three pathogenic Yersinia species revealed a hypervariable hotspot within aa 40-61. According to these sequence differences, seven LcrV groups were identified, with Y. pestis and Y. pseudotuberculosis represented in group I and the other six distributed within Y. enterocolitica. By testing LcrV sequence-derived synthetic oligopeptides of all seven LcrV groups in CD14/TLR2-transfected human embryonic kidney 293 cells, we found the highest TLR2 activity with a peptide derived from group IV comprising exclusively Y. enterocolitica O:8 strains. These findings were verified in murine peritoneal macrophages by using recombinant LcrV truncates representing aa 1-130 from different Yersinia spp. By systematically replacing charged aa residues by glutamine in synthetic oligopeptides, we show that the K42Q substitution leads to abrogation of TLR2 activity in both in vitro cell systems. This K42Q substitution was introduced in the lcrV gene from Y. enterocolitica O:8 WA-C(pYV), resulting in WA-C(pYVLcrV(K42Q)), which turned out to be less virulent for C57BL/6 mice than the parental strain. This difference in virulence was not observed in TLR2(-/-) or IL-10(-/-) mice, proving that LcrV contributes to virulence by TLR2-mediated IL-10 induction. LcrV is a defined bacterial virulence factor shown to target the TLR system for evasion of the host's immune response.
authors.affiliation: Lehrstuhl Bakteriologie, Max von Pettenkofer-Institut für Hygiene und Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Pettenkoferstrasse 9a, 80336 Munich, Germany.
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sing
authors.forename: Dagmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Reithmeier-Rost
authors.forename: Kaisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Granfors
authors.forename: Jim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hill
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roggenkamp
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Heesemann
mesh_terms: D019943:Amino Acid Substitution; D000818:Animals; D000942:Antigens, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000235:genetics*; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D052899:Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D014774:Virulence / Q000235:genetics; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D015007:Yersinia / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D015009:Yersinia Infections / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; C043908:LcrV protein, Yersinia; D009842:Oligopeptides; D052899:Pore Forming Cytotoxic Proteins; C493486:Tlr2 protein, mouse; D051195:Toll-Like Receptor 2; D037521:Virulence Factors; D016753:Interleukin-10