title: Long-term results of palatal implants for primary snoring.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the safety and efficacy of the Pillar Palatal Implant System over a 1-year follow-up period.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective study, 40 healthy adult patients with primary snoring due to palatal flutter were treated after clinical, polysomnographic, and endoscopic examination. Under local anesthesia 3 implants were placed into the soft palate. Postoperative morbidity and functional parameters were assessed. Snoring and daytime sleepiness were assessed before and 90, 180, and 360 days after surgery. Objective data were obtained by polysomnography and SNAP-recording before and 90 days after treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All implants were placed without complications. A total of 13 implants partially extruded uneventfully in 10 patients. Functional parameters remained unchanged. After 1 year, snoring was reduced from 7.1 +/- 1.9 to 4.8 +/- 2.5 (Visual-Analogue-Scale, P < 0.05) and daytime sleepiness from 6.1 +/- 3.2 to 4.9 +/- 3.1 (Epworth-Sleepiness-Scale, P < 0.05). SNAP data and polysomnography parameters showed clinically irrelevant changes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data demonstrate a significant decrease in snoring and daytime sleepiness over a period of one year.
authors.affiliation: Sleep Disorders Center, Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University Hospital Mannheim, Germany. joachim.maurer@hno.ma.uni-heidelberg.de
authors.forename: Joachim T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Maurer
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hein
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Verse
authors.forename: Karl
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hörmann
authors.forename: Boris A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Stuck
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010159:Palate / Q000601:surgery*; D017286:Polysomnography; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D012913:Snoring / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome