title: Late effects and cosmetic results of conventional versus hypofractionated irradiation in breast-conserving therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Breast irradiation after lumpectomy is an integral component of breast-conserving therapy (BCT). As the prognosis is general good following BCT, late morbidity and cosmesis are important. The present study compares two different radiation schedules with respect to these two endpoints.
  
  
  METHODS
  129 breast cancer patients (pT1-2 pN0-1 cM0) were irradiated between 09/1992 and 08/1994 with either a 22-day fractionation schedule (2.5 Gy to 55 Gy, 4x/week, n = 65) or with a conventional fractionation schedule (28 days, 2.0 Gy to 55 Gy, 5x/week, n = 64), both without additional boost. The equivalent dose of 2-Gy fractions (EQD2) was 55 Gy and 62 Gy, respectively. Late toxicity, assessed according to the LENT-SOMA criteria, and cosmetic outcome, graded on a 5-point scale, were evaluated after a median of 86 months (range 72-94 months) in tumor-free breast cancer patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LENT-SOMA grade 2/3 toxicity (2.5 Gy vs. 2.0 Gy): breast pain (18% vs. 11%; p = 0.3), fibrosis (57% vs. 16%; p < 0.001), telangiectasia (22% vs. 3%; p = 0.002), atrophy (31% vs. 3%; p < 0.001). Medication to breast pain was taken by 8% versus 9% of patients. Cosmesis was very good/good/acceptable in 75% versus 93% (2.5 Gy vs. 2.0 Gy; p = 0.006).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Late morbidity was significantly frequent and cosmesis was significantly worse after hypofractionated radiotherapy (2.5 Gy to 55 Gy). However, morbidity was not associated with major implications on daily life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, University Medical Clinic Hamburg-Eppendorf, Martinistrasse 52, 20246 Hamburg, Germany. fehlauer@uke.uni-hamburg.de
authors.forename: Fabian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fehlauer
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tribius
authors.forename: Winfried
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Alberti
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rades
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy* / Q000601:surgery; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D019583:Dose Fractionation, Radiation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008327:Mammography; D015412:Mastectomy, Segmental; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000145:classification; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome