title: [Shock wave lithotripsy for ureteral stones--single institute experience in 661 consecutive cases].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Optimal treatment for ureteral stones is still controversial. The main retreatment options include ureteroscopy and shock wave lithotripsy (ESWL). The study aimed to assess the efficacy of ESWL using the unmodified HM3 lithotripter (Dornier Medical Systems) to achieve stone-free status in patients with ureteral calculi, regardless of stone size and location along the ureter.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed the charts and radiology studies of all patients who had ESWL for ureteral stones. Following ESWL with the HM3 lithotripter, patients had imaging examinations performed after 1 and 3 months, and thereafter, according to the residue status of the stones.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the years 1998-2003, 661 patients underwent ESWL for ureteral stones. The mean age was 51 years (range: 4-85 years) and the average stone size was 8 x 10 mm (range: 3-30 mm). Forty percent of the patients had upper ureteral calculi, 17% mid and 43% lower ureteral stone. Overall stone-free status was 93.6%. According to stone location, the success rate for upper ureteral calculi was 93.6%, and 93.6% and 95.5% for mid and lower ureteral stones. Complications were recorded in 28 (4.2%) patients, 20 had acute urinary tract infection treated with i.v. antibiotics, and 8 had renal colic treated conservatively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our data shows that ESWL using HM3 lithotripter for ureteral stones at any level and size has a high success rate with minimal morbidity. ESWL using the HM3 lithotripter is our preferred treatment of choice for ureteral calculi.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Rambam Medical Center, Faculty of Medicine, Technion - Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa.
authors.forename: Sarel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Halachmi
authors.forename: Oleg
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Goldin
authors.forename: Evgeni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gleizarov
authors.forename: Zvi
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kaufman
authors.forename: Yehoshua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ginesin
authors.forename: Shimon
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Meretyk
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008096:Lithotripsy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014514:Ureteral Calculi / Q000628:therapy*