title: Imaging the heart: computer 3-dimensional anatomic models of the heart.
abstract: Since the 1960s, models of the action potential in various cardiac cell types have been developed, and since the 1990s, 3-dimensional anatomic (or geometric) models of various cardiac structures have been developed. We are approaching the time when, for one species, we should have a complete set of action potential and anatomic models for the various cardiac tissues and then we will have realized the aim of constructing a "virtual heart" with accurate anatomy and electrophysiology. However, already the two types of model are beginning to be used in tandem to reconstruct the activation sequence of the heart both during sinus rhythm and arrhythmias.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiovascular and Endocrine Sciences, University of Manchester, M13 9XX Manchester, UK. mark.boyett@manchester.ac.uk
authors.forename: Mark R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Boyett
authors.forename: Jue
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Inada
authors.forename: Halina
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Dobrzynski
authors.forename: Jurgen E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Arun V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Holden
authors.forename: Henggui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials; D019412:Anatomy, Cross-Sectional; D000818:Animals; D001283:Atrioventricular Node / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D012849:Sinoatrial Node / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*