title: Effects of specific lactic acid bacteria on the intestinal permeability to macromolecules and the inflammatory condition.
abstract: Non-live probiotic bacteria and their fermentation products can be used in milk-based formula intended for healthy infants. The effects of a milk formula fermented with Bifidobacterium breve and Streptococcus thermophilus and heated/dehydrated to inactivate the micro-organisms have been reported over the last few years to decrease the intestinal permeability to macromolecules in experimental animals in vivo and more recently to down-regulate inflammatory condition in vitro. Feeding guinea-pigs with such dehydrated fermented milk reinforced the intestinal barrier resistance to food proteins (HRP, beta-lactoglobulin). In addition, the products secreted by bacteria were capable of inhibiting the lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced TNF-alpha secretion by human peripheral mononuclear blood cells. The active secretion products were resistant to digestive enzymes and their anti-inflammatory properties were preserved after transepithelial transport across the filter-grown intestinal epithelial cell line, especially in inflammatory conditions. The binding of LPS to monocytes as well as NFkappaB nuclear translocation leading to pro-inflammatory cytokine transcription were inhibited by bacteria-culture supernatants.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  B. breve and S. thermophilus used as non-live micro-organisms in fermented infant formula seem to induce a reduction in macromolecular absorption and release metabolites exerting an anti-TNF-alpha effect, which persists after intestinal transport. Thus, specific lactic acid bacteria and their metabolites seem to affect positively the intestinal function.
authors.affiliation: INSERM EMI 0212, Faculté Necker-Enfants malades, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Martine
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heyman
authors.forename: Kathleen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Terpend
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ménard
mesh_terms: D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000378:metabolism*; D001692:Biological Transport; D002463:Cell Membrane Permeability / Q000187:drug effects; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000378:metabolism*; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D052201:Lacticaseibacillus rhamnosus / Q000378:metabolism; D009000:Monocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D052002:NF-kappa B p50 Subunit / Q000378:metabolism; D019936:Probiotics / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D048249:Streptococcus thermophilus / Q000378:metabolism*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D052002:NF-kappa B p50 Subunit; C489548:NFKB1 protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019344:Lactic Acid