title: The effect of 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP) and cycloheximide (CHX) on the development and chromosomal complement of sheep parthenogenetic and nuclear transfer embryos.
abstract: The effects of activation by 6-dimethylaminopurine (6-DMAP) and cycloheximide (CHX) on the development and chromosomal complement of sheep parthenogenetic and SCNT embryos were investigated. The results revealed that the blastocyst development of parthenogenetic embryos was significantly higher (P < 0.05) in 6-DMAP activated oocytes, compared to those activated with CHX (21.0 +/- 0.9 vs. 14.9 +/- 0.5, respectively). In contrast, the blastocyst frequencies did not significantly differ (P > 0.05) between the two activation treatment groups for SCNT embryos. The 6-DMAP or CHX treatment did not result in any significant difference in the blastocyst total cell number in either parthenote or SCNT embryos. The chromosomal analysis revealed that all the parthenogenetic embryos (100.0%) derived from 6-DMAP treatment, were chromosomally abnormal whereas in CHX-treated embryos, it was significantly lowered (93.6%, P < 0.05). Conversely, the proportions of chromosomally abnormal SCNT embryos did not significantly differ (P > 0.05) among the 6-DMAP and CHX- treated embryo groups (60.0% vs. 56.2%, respectively). This study demonstrated that oocyte activation agents such as DMAP and CHX have differing effects on meiotic or mitotic nuclei. The study also highlighted the feasibility of using bovine X and Y chromosome specific painting probes in sheep embryos.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Science, Ontario Veterinary College, University of Guelph, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Coppola
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Di Berardino
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Rho
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: St John
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Betts
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: King
mesh_terms: D000225:Adenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000187:drug effects*; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008540:Meiosis / Q000187:drug effects; D008938:Mitosis / Q000187:drug effects; D053652:Nuclear Transfer Techniques; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects; D010312:Parthenogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D011003:Ploidies; D012756:Sheep
chemical_list: C001020:N(6),N(6)-dimethyladenine; D003513:Cycloheximide; D000225:Adenine