title: The best method of detecting prior Helicobacter pylori infection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prior Helicobacter pylori (H pylori) infection has often been underestimated. These underestimations have misled physicians attempting to determine the significance between H pylori and certain gastrointestinal lesions such as intestinal metaplasia, atrophic gastritis, and gastric cancer. Our study endeavored to detect past H pylori infections accurately, easily, and rapidly with the newly developed immunoblot kit, Helico Blot 2.1.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-three patients, including 25 H pylori infected and 8 uninfected cases, were enrolled in our study. All patients received consecutive gastroendoscopic examinations and (13)C-urea breath test (UBT) tests at 6- or 12-mo intervals for up to 4 years. Serum samples were obtained from each patient at the same time. Intragastric H pylori infection was confirmed in accordance with the gold standard. Twenty-five H pylori-infected patients received triple therapies after initial bacterial confirmation, and were successful in eradicating their infections. Serially obtained sera were tested by means of Helico Blot 2.1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Current infection marker detected by Helico Blot 2.1 was unreliable for representing ongoing H pylori infection. Only 35 and 37 ku antibodies of H pylori had significant seroconversion rates 1 year after having been cured. The seropositive rates of 116 ku (cytotoxin-associated antigen (CagA)) and Helico Blot 2.1 were nearly 100% during 4-year follow-up period. Both CagA antigen and Helico blot 2.1 could serve as indicators of long-term H pylori infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Helico Blot 2.1 can detect past H pylori infections for up to 4 years, and is the best method to date for detecting previous long-term H pylori infection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, 100 Zih-You 1st Road, Kaohsiung City, 807 Taiwan, China.
authors.forename: Chien-Yu
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Chao-Hung
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: Yi-Ching
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: Hung-Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Yuan-Chieh
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: I-Chen
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Fang-Jong
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yi-Chen
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chang-Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Jan
authors.forename: Wen-Ming
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Deng-Chyang
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D001944:Breath Tests; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000276:immunology* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013997:Time Factors; D014508:Urea
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D014508:Urea