title: [Indoor air quality in an Italian military submarine].
abstract: In recent years there has been increasing interest on studies concerning indoor air quality and focusing on risk factors for exposed subjects. Particularly, airborne chemicals, whose adverse effects are well known, have been identified and determined in means of transport as in other indoor places. As concerns chemical air concentrations in submarines, only a limited number of studies have been published. This paper reports measured concentration data for organic compounds (total volatile organic compounds, substances with a chemical bond S-O, nitrogen compounds, carbon monoxide, carbon dioxide, and different organic solvents) in the air sampled during an 8-h period in an Italian Military submarine, under routine operations. We observed that a periodicalfresh-air intake operation (snorkel) might cause temporary increase of contaminants levels in indoor air. Moreover, we could find that pollutants sometimes reach notable peak concentrations being potentially able to induce adverse health effects in crewmembers. Our data highlight the need to promote further investigations.
authors.affiliation: Fondazione S. Maugeri I.R.C.C.S, U.O. Medicina Ambientale e Medicina Occupazionale, Pavia. mferrari@fsm.it
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ferrari
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lodola
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ghittori
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Zadra
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ricciardi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imbriani
mesh_terms: D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000032:analysis; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008887:Military Medicine; D017672:Nitrogen Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D012997:Solvents / Q000032:analysis; D013366:Submarine Medicine; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D017672:Nitrogen Compounds; D012997:Solvents; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002248:Carbon Monoxide