Emissions of VOCs at urban petrol retail distribution centres in India (Delhi and Mumbai).
Air pollution has assumed gigantic proportion killing almost half a million Asians every year. Urban pollution mainly comprises of emissions from buses, trucks, motorcycle other forms of motorized transport and its supporting activities. As Asia's cities continue to expand the number of vehicles have risen resulting in greater pollution. Fugitive emissions from retail distribution center in urban area constitute a major source. Petrol vapours escape during refueling adding pollutants like benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylene to ambient air. This paper discusses a study on fugitive emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds (VOC) at some refueling station in two metropolitan cities of India, i.e., Mumbai and Delhi. Concentration of VOCs in ambient air at petrol retail distribution center is estimated by using TO-17 method. Concentration of benzene in ambient air in Delhi clearly shows the effect of intervention in use of petroleum and diesel fuel and shift to CNG. Chemical Mass Balance (CMB) model is used to estimate source contributions. At Delhi besides diesel combustion engines, refueling emissions are also major sources. At Mumbai evaporative emissions are found to contribute maximum to Total VOC (TVOC) concentration in ambient air.
Srivastava
Anjali
A
National Environmental Engineering Research Institute (NEERI), Mumbai Zonal Centre, 89/B, Dr. A.B. Road, Worli, Mumbai, India. srivastv@vsnl.com
Joseph
A E
AE
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Ajit
A
Patil
Sunil
S
D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D002947:Cities; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005742:Gasoline; D007194:India; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000032:analysis*; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D014835:Volatilization
D000393:Air Pollutants; D005742:Gasoline; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D001335:Vehicle Emissions