title: Hazardous alcohol consumption and sense of coherence in emergency department patients with minor trauma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The concept of sense of coherence (SOC) measures the extent to which people are able to cope with stressful life events. Since excessive alcohol consumption may be, in part, the result of failed coping strategies, further investigations between hazardous alcohol consumption and SOC are necessary.
  
  
  METHODS
  Survey in an Emergency Department in an inner city university hospital. Overall, 1,833 patients were screened for hazardous alcohol consumption, illicit drug use, smoking status, socioeconomic status and sense of coherence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age of participants was 34+/-12 years and 62% were male. Overall, 23% of patients showed a pattern of hazardous alcohol consumption, 23% had abused illicit drugs and 46% were smokers. Mean SOC score was 48.9+/-8.6 points, with no difference between genders. Lower SOC-quartiles were associated with significantly higher prevalence of hazardous alcohol consumption as well as illicit drug abuse and smoking. Lower SOC-quartiles were associated with significantly lower values on socioeconomic variables (e.g. lower income, less education). The negative association between SOC and alcohol consumption was independent of age, gender, smoking, illicit drug use and all socioeconomic variables.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SOC and hazardous alcohol consumption were significantly associated. Our data support Antonovsky's original concept of increased alcohol consumption as a result of failed coping strategies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Charité-Mitte, 10117 Berlin, Germany. bruno.neuner@charite.de
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Neuner
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maulhardt
authors.forename: Edith
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Weiss-Gerlach
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.forename: Elmar
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brähler
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Helmert
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Haas
authors.forename: Joachim M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Klaus-Dieter
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Wernecke
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Spies
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000523:psychology*; D032882:Comprehension; D004630:Emergencies; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012907:Smoking; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000523:psychology