title: Outcome of peptic ulcer bleeding, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug use, and Helicobacter pylori infection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  NSAIDs and Helicobacter pylori are risk factors for the development of peptic ulcers. A prospective study was conducted to determine prevalence of NSAID use, H pylori infection, and outcome of peptic ulcer bleeding.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 2000, data of all 361 patients presenting with peptic ulcer bleeding were prospectively collected in a defined geographical area, including 14 hospitals, and serving a catch area of 1.68 million persons. Follow-up data after a mean of 31 months were obtained from 211 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall incidence was 21.5 cases per 100,000 persons. Mean age of the group was 70.9 years, 55% were male, and 41% had severe or life-threatening comorbidity. NSAIDs were used by 52%, and in only 17% concomitant acid suppressive therapy was given. H pylori infection was tested in 64%. Of the patients tested for H pylori, 43% were positive. Twenty-three percent were H pylori negative and not using NSAIDs. Rebleeding during initial admission occurred in 19%. Mortality during initial admission was 14%. During follow-up mortality was high, 29%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Half of all ulcer bleeding was associated with NSAID use. Only a minority of NSAID users used concomitant acid suppressive therapy. H pylori is not assessed systematically in all patients with ulcer bleeding. Almost a quarter of the ulcers were associated with neither H pylori infection nor NSAID use. Mortality, both during hospitalization and follow-up, was substantial.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Academic Medical Center, Meibergdreef 9, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Dewkoemar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ramsoekh
authors.forename: Monique E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: van Leerdam
authors.forename: Erik A J
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Rauws
authors.forename: Guido N J
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Tytgat
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D010343:Patient Admission; D010438:Peptic Ulcer Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D012307:Risk Factors; D013276:Stomach Ulcer / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors