title: Effects of verapamil and amiodarone on sympathoadrenal system and balance of excitatory and inhibitory amino acids in rat medulla oblongata.
abstract: Local injection of verapamil into ventrolateral region of the medulla oblongata triggered the release of epinephrine. Verapamil increased the total content of norepinephrine and epinephrine by 560% and decreased the content of serotonin by 46%. Verapamil had no effect on norepinephrine/epinephrine and norepinephrine/(norepinephrine+epinephrine) ratios in normal rats. Blockade of K+-channels in the medulla oblongata by local injection of 0.001 mg amiodarone did not change the levels of epinephrine and norepinephrine and norepinephrine/epinephrine and norepinephrine/(norepinephrine+epinephrine) ratios. In the medulla oblongata, verapamil proportionally increased the levels of norepinephrine, dopamine, and L-DOPA. Similarly, amiodarone increased the levels of L-DOPA and dopamine by 2.6 and 3.2 times, respectively. Amiodarone shifted the ratio of neuroactive amino acids towards inhibitory transmitters.
authors.affiliation: Krasnodar Regional Medical Research Center, Russia.
authors.forename: A Yu
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Turovaya
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Galenko-Yaroshevskii
authors.forename: A Kh
authors.initials: AKh
authors.lastname: Kade
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Uvarov
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Kiguradze
authors.forename: N G
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: Khvitiya
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Tatulashvili
mesh_terms: D000311:Adrenal Glands / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D000638:Amiodarone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000378:metabolism*; D018846:Excitatory Amino Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D007980:Levodopa / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008526:Medulla Oblongata / Q000378:metabolism*; D008845:Microinjections; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000378:metabolism; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D011919:Rats, Inbred Strains; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D014700:Verapamil / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; D018846:Excitatory Amino Acids; D026902:Potassium Channel Blockers; D012701:Serotonin; D007980:Levodopa; D014700:Verapamil; D000638:Amiodarone; D004298:Dopamine; D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine