title: Systemic and local antibiotic prophylaxis in the prevention of Staphylococcus epidermidis graft infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of the study was to investigate the in vivo efficacy of local and systemic antibiotic prophylaxis in the prevention of Staphylococcus (S.) epidermidis graft infection in a rat model and to evaluate the bacterial adherence to frequently used prosthetic graft materials.
  
  
  METHODS
  Graft infections were established in the subcutaneous tissue of 120 male Wistar rats by implantation of Dacron/ePTFE grafts followed by topical inoculation with 2 x 10(7) CFUs of clinical isolate of methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis. Each of the graft series included a control group, one contaminated group that did not receive any antibiotic prophylaxis, two contaminated groups that received systemic prophylaxis with teicoplanin or levofloxacin and two contaminated groups that received teicoplanin-soaked or levofloxacin-soaked grafts. The grafts were removed 7 days after implantation and evaluated by quantitative culture.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was significant bacterial growth inhibition in the groups given systemic or local prophylaxis (P < 0.05). Methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis had greater affinity to Dacron graft when compared with ePTFE graft in the untreated contaminated groups (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study demonstrated that the usage of systemic or local prophylaxis and preference of ePTFE graft can be useful in reducing the risk of vascular graft infections caused by staphylococcal strains with high levels of resistance.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey. hturgut@pamukkale.edu.tr
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Turgut
authors.forename: Suzan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sacar
authors.forename: Ilknur
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kaleli
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sacar
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Goksin
authors.forename: Semra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toprak
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Asan
authors.forename: Nural
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cevahir
authors.forename: Koray
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tekin
authors.forename: Ahmet
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Baltalarli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis / Q000382:microbiology*; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; D064704:Levofloxacin; D008297:Male; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000187:drug effects*; D017334:Teicoplanin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates; D017334:Teicoplanin; D064704:Levofloxacin; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; D015242:Ofloxacin