title: Influence of electromagnetic interference on implanted cardiac arrhythmia devices in and around a magnetically levitated linear motor car.
abstract: This study was designed to determine the susceptibility of implanted cardiac arrhythmia devices to electromagnetic interference in and around a magnetically levitated linear motor car [High-Speed Surface Transport (HSST)]. During the study, cardiac devices were connected to a phantom model that had similar characteristics to the human body. Three pacemakers from three manufacturers and one implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) were evaluated in and around the magnetically levitated vehicle. The system is based on a normal conductive system levitated by the attractive force of magnets and propelled by a linear induction motor without wheels. The magnetic field strength at 40 cm from the vehicle in the nonlevitating state was 0.12 mT and that during levitation was 0.20 mT. The magnetic and electric field strengths on a seat close to the variable voltage/variable frequency inverter while the vehicle was moving and at rest were 0.13 mT, 2.95 V/m and 0.04 mT, 0.36 V/m, respectively. Data recorded on a seat close to the reactor while the vehicle was moving and at rest were 0.09 mT, 2.45 V/m and 0.05 mT, 1.46 V/m, respectively. Measured magnetic and electric field strengths both inside and outside the linear motor car were too low to result in device inactivation. No sensing, pacing, or arrhythmic interactions were noted with any pacemaker or ICD programmed in either bipolar and unipolar configurations. In conclusion, our data suggest that a permanent programming change or a device failure is unlikely to occur and that the linear motor car system is probably safe for patients with one of the four implanted cardiac arrhythmia devices used in this study under the conditions tested.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Aichi Medical University School of Medicine, 21 Karimata, Yazako, Nagakute-cho, Aichi, 480-1195, Japan. fukuta@aichi-med-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Motoyuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukuta
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mizutani
authors.forename: Katsuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Waseda
mesh_terms: D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D011890:Railroads