title: Z-score of weight for age of infants with atopic dermatitis and cow's milk allergy fed with a rice-hydrolysate formula during the first two years of life.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recently, rice-based formulas have been widely used in hypoallergenic diets, but data on nutritional values are scarce.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the growth of infants fed with a rice-based hydrolysate formula, compared to those infants fed with a soy formula or an extensively hydrolysed casein formula, in the first 2 y of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 88 infants were enrolled between March 2002 and March 2004. Fifty-eight infants with atopic dermatitis (AD) and cow's milk allergy (CMA), confirmed by open challenge, were enrolled as study group: 15 were fed with a rice-based hydrolysate formula (RHF), 17 with a soy-based formula (SF) and 26 with an extensively hydrolysed casein formula (eHCF). Thirty infants with AD without cow's milk allergy were recruited as a control group (CG) and fed with a free diet. Weight was recorded on enrolment and at 3-monthly intervals in the first year of life, and at 6-monthly intervals in the second year. Infants were weighed naked, before feeding, by means of an electronic integrating scale. The z-scores of weight for age were calculated.
  
  
  METHODS
  One-way analysis of variance and Student's t-test were used for statistical comparison. Significance was set at p<0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No significant differences between the RHF, SF and eHCF groups were observed for the z-score of weight for age during the first 2 y of life, but a significantly lower difference was seen in the RHF group compared to the control group in the intervals 9 mo-1 y (p=0.025) and 1-1.5 y (p=0.020) of age. In contrast, the SF and eHCF groups were comparable to the control group, but the eHCF group was significantly lower (p=0) in the first trimester of life.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Even if our findings show no significant difference between RHF and control, low weight observed in infants fed with RHF raises doubts about the nutritional adequacy of rice-hydrolysate formulas.
authors.affiliation: Ospedale Infantile Regina Margherita, Department of Paediatrics, University of Turin, Turin, Italy. francesco.savino@unito.it
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Savino
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Castagno
authors.forename: Giovanna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Monti
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Serraino
authors.forename: Amalia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Peltran
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Oggero
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fanaro
authors.forename: Vittorio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vigi
authors.forename: Leandra
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Silvestro
mesh_terms: D000485:Allergens / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D052179:Antigens, Plant; D001835:Body Weight; D002364:Caseins / Q000032:analysis; D002417:Cattle; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000276:immunology*; D002149:Energy Intake; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D041943:Infant Formula / Q000737:chemistry*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry*; D016269:Milk Hypersensitivity / Q000276:immunology*; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates / Q000032:analysis*; D012107:Research Design / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D052179:Antigens, Plant; D002364:Caseins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D011492:Protein Hydrolysates; C074979:major allergenic protein, Oryza sativa; C475729:casein hydrolysate