title: Biochemical bone markers are useful to monitor fracture repair.
abstract: Biochemical bone markers reflect bone metabolism but little is known regarding their usefulness during fracture repair. Reduced bone mineral density may influence fracture healing. We hypothesized that low bone mineral density results in decreased levels of bone markers during the acute phase of fracture healing, especially in women who are postmenopausal. We also addressed the question of different fracture types and locations resulting in different levels of bone markers. Urinary levels of N-terminal cross-linked telopeptide, deoxypyridinoline, and pyridinoline were measured preoperatively and postoperatively in patients with hip fractures, distal forearm fractures, and in 25 control subjects. Bone mineral density was determined using quantitative computed tomography of the spine. Patients with low bone mineral density, especially women who were postmenopausal, had greater concentrations of N-terminal cross-linked telopeptide when compared with patients with normal bone mineral density or men. Patients with pertrochanteric fractures had greater concentrations than patients with femoral neck fractures, as did patients with hip fractures compared with patients with fractures of the distal forearm. These results suggest that levels of bone markers increase during fracture healing despite low bone mineral density and that different fracture types and locations result in different levels of bone markers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prognostic study, Level I (high quality prospective study-all patients were enrolled at the same time with > or = 80% of followup of enrolled patients). See the Guidelines for Authors for a complete description of levels of evidence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Trauma Surgery, Justus-Liebig-University of Giessen, Giessen, Germany. lhoesel@med.umich.edu
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Hoesel
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Wehr
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Rambeck
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schnettler
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Heiss
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000652:urine*; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D001862:Bone Resorption / Q000503:physiopathology; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000652:urine*; D005260:Female; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000601:surgery / Q000652:urine*; D005265:Femoral Neck Fractures / Q000601:surgery / Q000652:urine*; D005543:Forearm Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D017102:Fracture Healing / Q000502:physiology*; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000601:surgery / Q000652:urine*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D024042:Collagen Type I; C015484:pyridinoline; C036020:deoxypyridinoline