title: Apical membrane and junctional complex formation during simple epithelial cell differentiation of F9 cells.
abstract: Epithelium formation is a common event in animal morphogenesis. It has been reported that F9 cells differentiate into visceral endoderm-like epithelial cells when cell aggregates are cultured in the presence of retinoic acid. The present investigation set out to determine whether this in vitro model could be used under monolayer culture conditions, which is suitable for a detailed analysis of epithelial differentiation. We performed comparative gene expression analyses of F9 cells grown under aggregate and monolayer culture conditions prior to and following treatment with retinoic acid. Under these conditions, induction in the expression of differentiation marker genes was confirmed, even in monolayer cultures. Junctional complex and apical membrane formation, both of which are characteristic of epithelial cells, were also observed under monolayer culture conditions. Because of the merit of monolayer culture condition, we found that apical membrane and junctional complex formation are strictly regulated during epithelial differentiation. It was also revealed that F9 cells differentiated into epithelial cells predominantly on the fourth and fifth day following retinoic acid induction. These results showed that a monolayer culture of F9 cells represents a viable in vitro model that can be employed to elucidate mechanisms pertaining to epithelium formation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cellular Interactions, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Komiya
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ikenouchi
authors.forename: Shigenobu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yonemura
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Yoshitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukunaga
authors.forename: Huijie
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Endo
authors.forename: Shoichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tsukita
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nagafuchi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001692:Biological Transport; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000378:metabolism*; D016764:Cell Polarity; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D007365:Intercellular Junctions / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008840:Microfilament Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D050765:Qa-SNARE Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D013997:Time Factors; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D000099149:Ezrin
chemical_list: D002352:Carrier Proteins; D003598:Cytoskeletal Proteins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D050765:Qa-SNARE Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D014212:Tretinoin; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins; D000099149:Ezrin; C026615:villin