title: Does home treatment affect delirium? A randomised controlled trial of rehabilitation of elderly and care at home or usual treatment (The REACH-OUT trial).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  delirium is a frequent adverse consequence of hospitalisation for older patients, but there has been little research into its prevention. A recent study of Hospital in the Home (admission substitution) noted less delirium in the home-treated group.
  
  
  METHODS
  a tertiary referral teaching hospital in Sydney, Australia.
  
  
  METHODS
  we randomised 104 consecutive patients referred for geriatric rehabilitation to be treated in one of two ways, either in Hospital in the Home (early discharge) or in hospital, in a rehabilitation ward. We compared the occurrence of delirium measured by the confusion assessment method. Secondary outcome measures were length of stay, hospital bed days, cost of acute care and rehabilitation, functional independence measure (FIM), Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and geriatric depression score (GDS) assessed on discharge and at 1- and 6-month follow-up and patient satisfaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  the home group had lower odds of developing delirium during rehabilitation [odds ratio (OR) = 0.17; 95% confidence interval 0.03-0.65], shorter duration of rehabilitation (15.97 versus 23.09 days; P = 0.0164) and used less hospital bed days (20.31 versus 40.09, P < or = 0.0001). The cost was lower for the acute plus rehabilitation phases (7,680 pounds versus 10,598 pounds; P = 0.0109) and the rehabilitation phase alone (2,523 pounds versus 6,100 pounds; P < or = 0.0001). There was no difference in FIM, MMSE or GDS scores. the home group was more satisfied (P = 0.0057).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  home rehabilitation for frail elderly after acute hospitalisation is a viable option for selected patients and is associated with a lower risk of delirium, greater patient satisfaction, lower cost and more efficient hospital bed use.
authors.affiliation: Post Acute Care Services, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, Sydney, New South Wales 2031, Australia. g.caplan@unsw.edu.au
authors.forename: Gideon A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Caplan
authors.forename: Janis
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Coconis
authors.forename: Neville
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Board
authors.forename: Allyn
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sayers
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Woods
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003693:Delirium / Q000209:etiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006304:Health Status; D006699:Home Care Services; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome