title: Macroergonomics: analysis and design of work systems.
abstract: Attending to the larger system components such as organizational design and management is not novel for ergonomists. In Europe, there has been a strong tradition to investigate ergonomic problems within a holistic, systems context. "Macroergonomics" builds upon this tradition by providing specific methods and tools that yield large-scale results. It is believed that meaningful and large-scale results are needed in today's competitive and turbulent work environments. Macroergonomics is defined, its history is uncovered and focus is given to a key methodology, macroergonomic analysis and design. Case studies are used to validate the method and illustrate that performance results in the 60-90% range can be expected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0118, USA. bkleiner@vt.edu
authors.forename: Brian M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Kleiner
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D006804:Ergonomics; D006801:Humans; D007221:Industry; D008328:Man-Machine Systems; D017146:Models, Organizational; D013597:Systems Analysis; D017749:Total Quality Management; D017132:Workplace