Systemic and local antibiotic prophylaxis in the prevention of Staphylococcus epidermidis graft infection.
BACKGROUND
The aim of the study was to investigate the in vivo efficacy of local and systemic antibiotic prophylaxis in the prevention of Staphylococcus (S.) epidermidis graft infection in a rat model and to evaluate the bacterial adherence to frequently used prosthetic graft materials.


METHODS
Graft infections were established in the subcutaneous tissue of 120 male Wistar rats by implantation of Dacron/ePTFE grafts followed by topical inoculation with 2 x 10(7) CFUs of clinical isolate of methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis. Each of the graft series included a control group, one contaminated group that did not receive any antibiotic prophylaxis, two contaminated groups that received systemic prophylaxis with teicoplanin or levofloxacin and two contaminated groups that received teicoplanin-soaked or levofloxacin-soaked grafts. The grafts were removed 7 days after implantation and evaluated by quantitative culture.


RESULTS
There was significant bacterial growth inhibition in the groups given systemic or local prophylaxis (P < 0.05). Methicillin-resistant S. epidermidis had greater affinity to Dacron graft when compared with ePTFE graft in the untreated contaminated groups (P < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
The study demonstrated that the usage of systemic or local prophylaxis and preference of ePTFE graft can be useful in reducing the risk of vascular graft infections caused by staphylococcal strains with high levels of resistance.
Turgut
Huseyin
H
Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Pamukkale University, Faculty of Medicine, Denizli, Turkey. hturgut@pamukkale.edu.tr
Sacar
Suzan
S
Kaleli
Ilknur
I
Sacar
Mustafa
M
Goksin
Ibrahim
I
Toprak
Semra
S
Asan
Ali
A
Cevahir
Nural
N
Tekin
Koray
K
Baltalarli
Ahmet
A
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019072:Antibiotic Prophylaxis; D001807:Blood Vessel Prosthesis / Q000382:microbiology*; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; D064704:Levofloxacin; D008297:Male; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D015242:Ofloxacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; D016459:Prosthesis-Related Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000187:drug effects*; D017334:Teicoplanin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D011093:Polyethylene Terephthalates; D017334:Teicoplanin; D064704:Levofloxacin; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; D015242:Ofloxacin