title: Report of the first virtual visualization of the reconstructed electrocardiographic display symposium.
abstract: In August 2004, a group of scientists and clinicians with a deep interest in electrocardiography met to discuss the present and future of the electrocardiogram as an imaging modality. Motivated by a set of challenges to the field, they each presented and discussed their ideas about the basic electrophysiology, the computational approaches required, and the clinical state of the art and where it might go in the future. In this paper, we present a summary of these presentations and discussions, starting with a statement of the challenges and a motivating case study that illustrates the inadequacies of electrocardiography as it is current practiced. Following this introduction are overviews of the present state of the inverse problem of electrocardiography and the underlying assumptions of this form of simulation and modeling. We conclude with a summary of the needs that we feel must be addressed to achieve the full potential of electrically based imaging of the heart.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioengineering, Cardiovascular Research and Training Institute, University of Utah, 95 South 2000 East, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112-5000, USA. macleod@cvrti.utah.edu
authors.forename: Rob
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: MacLeod
authors.forename: Fred
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kornreich
authors.forename: Adriaan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van Oosterom
authors.forename: Pentti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rautaharju
authors.forename: Ron
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Selvester
authors.forename: Galen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Christoph
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zywietz
mesh_terms: D003196:Computer Graphics; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D014584:User-Computer Interface