title: The in vitro effects of CpG oligodeoxynucleotides on the expression of cytokine genes in the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) head kidney cells.
abstract: Synthetic oligodeoxynucleotides with CpG motifs (CpG-ODNs) have gained attention because it elicits strong innate immune responses. CpG-ODNs promote the production of T-helper 1(T(H)1) and pro-inflammatory cytokines. In fish, knowledge of the effects of CpG-ODNs on the expression of cytokine genes is scarce. In this study, we report that CpG-ODNs induce the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines in common carp head kidney leucocytes in vitro. Evidence of a T(H)1 type immune stimulation was observed as the fish homologs of IP-10 (interferon gamma-inducible protein 10; CXCL10) and MCP (monocyte chemotactic protein a CC-chemokine) were induced by CpG. Interleukin 10, a cytokine inhibitory factor, failed to be induced by CpG. These results suggest a robust immune stimulation can be achieved by CpGs and has a potential as an immunostimulant in aquaculture.
authors.affiliation: United Graduate School of Agricultural Sciences, Kagoshima University, Korimoto 1-21-24, Kagoshima 890-0065, Japan.
authors.forename: Asmi Citra Malina A R
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Tassakka
authors.forename: Ram
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Savan
authors.forename: Hironobu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watanuki
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sakai
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002347:Carps / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D018899:CpG Islands; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D018417:Th1 Cells / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D009841:Oligonucleotides; D012333:RNA, Messenger