title: Tissue-specific localization of gibberellins and expression of gibberellin-biosynthetic and signaling genes in wood-forming tissues in aspen.
abstract: Bioactive gibberellins (GAs) are known regulators of shoot growth and development in plants. In an attempt to identify where GAs are formed, we have analyzed the expression patterns of six GA biosynthesis genes and two genes with predicted roles in GA signaling and responses in relation to measured levels of GAs. The analysis was based on tangential sections, giving tissue-specific resolution across the cambial region of aspen trees (Populus tremula). Gibberellin quantification by GC/MS-SRM showed that the bioactive GA1 and GA4 were predominantly located in the zone of expansion of xylem cells. Based on co-localization of the expression of the late GA biosynthesis gene GA 20-oxidase 1 and bioactive GAs, we suggest that de novo GA biosynthesis occurs in the expanding xylem. However, expression levels of the first committed GA biosynthesis enzyme, ent-copalyl diphosphate synthase, were high in the phloem, suggesting that a GA precursor(s) may be transported to the xylem. The expression of the GA signaling and response genes DELLA-like1 and GIP-like1 coincided well with sites of high bioactive GA levels. We therefore suggest that the main role of GA during wood formation is to regulate early stages of xylem differentiation, including cell elongation.
authors.affiliation: Umeå Plant Science Centre, Department of Forest Genetics and Plant Physiology, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-901 87 Umeå, Sweden.
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Israelsson
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sundberg
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Moritz
mesh_terms: D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D005875:Gibberellins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism*; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D009928:Organ Specificity; D032107:Populus / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000166:cytology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000235:genetics*; D014934:Wood
chemical_list: D005875:Gibberellins; D007210:Indoleacetic Acids; C030737:indoleacetic acid