title: Modulatory effect of Ficus racemosa: diminution of potassium bromate-induced renal oxidative injury and cell proliferation response.
abstract: The aim of the present study was to determine the potential beneficial effects of Ficus racemosa extract. Potassium bromate (KBrO3), a potent nephrotoxic agent that induces renal carcinogenesis and acts as tumour promoter in carcinogen-initiated animals was used as a model to induce renal injury. In this study, we show the chemopreventive effect of Ficus racemosa extract (Moraceae) on KBrO3-mediated renal oxidative stress and cell promotion response in rats. KBrO3 (125 mg/kg body weight, intraperitoneally) enhanced lipid peroxidation, xanthine oxidase, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) generation with reduction in renal glutathione content and antioxidant enzymes. KBrO3 treatment also induced tumour promotion markers, viz., ornithine decarboxylase activity and thymidine [3H] incorporation into renal DNA. A sharp elevation in the levels of blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine has also been observed. Treatment of rats orally with Ficus racemosa extract (200 mg/kg body weight and 400 mg/kg body weight) resulted in a significant decrease in xanthine oxidase (P<0.05), lipid peroxidation (P<0.001), gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase (P<0.001) and H(2O2 (P<0.001). There was significant recovery of renal glutathione content (P<0.01) and antioxidant enzymes (P<0.001). There was also reversal in the enhancement of renal ornithine decarboxylase activity, DNA synthesis, blood urea nitrogen and serum creatinine (P<0.001). Our results suggest that Ficus racemosa extract is a potent chemopreventive agent and suppresses KBrO3-mediated nephrotoxicity in rats.
authors.affiliation: Section of Chemoprevention and Nutrition Toxicology, Department of Medical Elementology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, Jamia Hamdard (Hamdard University), New Delhi 110 062, India.
authors.forename: Naghma
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Sarwat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sultana
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D001959:Bromates / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity*; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000633:toxicity*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005260:Female; D030681:Ficus / Q000737:chemistry*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D007668:Kidney / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology*; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016588:Anticarcinogenic Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D001959:Bromates; D002273:Carcinogens; D010936:Plant Extracts; C019536:potassium bromate; D004247:DNA; D009955:Ornithine Decarboxylase; D005978:Glutathione