title: Prognostic factors in HIV-related diffuse large-cell lymphoma: before versus after highly active antiretroviral therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the prognostic factors for survival and the validity of the International Prognostic Index (IPI) in patients with HIV-related diffuse large-cell lymphoma (HIV-DLCL) treated with curative intent in the pre-highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) era versus the HAART era.
  
  
  METHODS
  We retrospectively reviewed 192 patients with HIV-DLCL diagnosed from 1982 to 2003. Pre-HAART era included 120 patients who did not receive HAART, whereas the HAART era included 72 patients diagnosed after January 1997 who received HAART.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no statistically significant differences in terms of either lymphoma or HIV-related characteristics in the two time periods. The complete response rate improved from 32% in the pre-HAART to 57% in the HAART era (P = .0006), and median survival time improved from 8.3 to 43.2 months (P = .0005). In groups with low-, low-intermediate-, and high-intermediate-risk IPI disease, 3-year overall survival rates were 20%, 22%, and 5% in the pre-HAART era and 64%, 64%, and 50% in the HAART era, respectively. On multivariate analysis, factors independently associated with decreased survival in both periods were increasing IPI scores and failure to attain complete remission, whereas CD4 less than 100 cells/microL predicted shorter survival in only the pre-HAART era.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prognostic factors and overall survival of patients with HIV-DLCC have changed. Clinical outcomes in patients with HIV-DLCL are now approaching the outcomes of patients with de novo lymphoma.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology, Department of Medicine, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
authors.forename: Soon-Thye
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Roksana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Karim
authors.forename: Anil
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tulpule
authors.forename: Bharat N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Nathwani
authors.forename: Alexandra M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Levine
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D002140:California / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006305:Health Status Indicators; D006801:Humans; D016483:Lymphoma, AIDS-Related / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate