title: Mulliken method of bilateral cleft lip repair: anthropometric evaluation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Simultaneous surgical correction of bilateral cleft lip and nasal deformity is becoming more common. This is a major change from the conventional strategy of secondary nasal correction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients with bilateral cleft lip and nasal deformity were repaired using the Mulliken method between July of 1997 and December of 2002. This series was composed of 10 infants with bilateral complete cleft lip, 12 with bilateral incomplete cleft lip, and eight with bilateral asymmetric cleft lip, defined as complete on one side and incomplete on the other. A preoperative orthopedic appliance was employed in five infants who had severe collapse of the lateral maxillary segments. Mean age at the time of repair was 3.8 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperative results were evaluated anthropometrically. The mean follow-up period was 3.8 years (range, 1.2 to 5.5 years). Nasal tip protrusion was low; interalar dimension was wide; columellar length was slightly short; upper cutaneous labial height was short; and vermilion-mucosal height was near normal. All anthropometric values approached controls by 5 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our modified Mulliken method is effective in correction of all forms of bilateral cleft lip and nasal deformity. Further evaluation is needed for possible differences in outcome based on race and age at the time of operation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Dong-A University School of Medicine, Busan, Korea. sgkim1@daunet.donga.ac.kr
authors.forename: Seok-Kwun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jang-Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Keun-Cheol
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jung-Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000886:Anthropometry; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008046:Lip / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000601:surgery; D009666:Nose / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome