title: Radiotherapy and chemotherapy of brain metastases.
abstract: The authors have reviewed the results, the indications and the controversies regarding radiotherapy and chemotherapy of patients with newly diagnosed and recurrent brain metastases. Whole-brain radiotherapy, radiosurgery, hypofractionated stereotactic radiotherapy, brachytherapy and chemotherapy are the available options. New radiosensitizers and cytotoxic or cytostatic agents are being investigated. Adjuvant whole brain radiotherapy, either after surgery or radiosurgery, and prophylactic cranial irradiation in small-cell lung cancer are discussed, taking into account local control, survival, and risk of late neurotoxicity. Increasingly, the different treatments are tailored to the different prognostic subgroups, as defined by Radiation Therapy Oncology Group RPA Classes.
authors.affiliation: Neuro-Oncology Service, Department of Neuroscience, University and Azienda Ospedaliera San Giovanni Battista, Torino, Italy. riccardo.soffietti@unito.it
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Soffietti
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Costanza
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Laguzzi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nobile
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rudà
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery / Q000628:therapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D016634:Radiosurgery; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents