title: Oxidative DNA damage in relation to neurotoxicity in the brain of mice exposed to arsenic at environmentally relevant levels.
abstract: To clarify the association between oxidative DNA damage and the neurotoxicity of arsenic, the formation of 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) as an index of oxidative DNA damage in the brain was examined in mice fed with drinking water containing 1 or 2 ppm arsenic, using an HPLC-electrochemical detector and immunohistochemical method. 8-OHdG levels were significantly increased in the brain of mice given arsenic and its immunoreactivity was distributed in the cerebral and cerebellar cortexes. Cerebral cortex neurons and Purkinje cells in the cerebellar cortex showed degenerative changes in accordance with the distribution of 8-OHdG immunoreactivity. The levels of arsenic in this study were lower than those reported in epidemiological studies. Thus, we conclude that environmentally relevant levels of arsenic induce pathological changes through oxidative DNA damage in the brain tissues in vivo and that cerebral and cerebellar cortex neurons seem to be the major targets of arsenic neurotoxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene, Dalian Medical University, PR China. piaofy_dy@yahoo.com.cn
authors.forename: Fengyuan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Piao
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hiraku
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murata
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oikawa
authors.forename: Fanyin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Laifu
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhong
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.forename: Shosuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawanishi
authors.forename: Kazuhito
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
mesh_terms: D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D000818:Animals; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide; D001152:Arsenicals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004249:DNA Damage; D003849:Deoxyguanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000378:metabolism*; D010087:Oxides / Q000633:toxicity*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D001152:Arsenicals; D010087:Oxides; D000080242:8-Hydroxy-2'-Deoxyguanosine; D003849:Deoxyguanosine; D000077237:Arsenic Trioxide