Sexually-transmitted viral diseases in women: clinical and epidemiological aspects and advances in laboratory diagnosis.
Sexually transmitted diseases (STDs) have long been known, but they have only recently been recognized as causes of significant long-term morbidity, mainly as a result of increased knowledge concerning viral STDs. The relationship of these diseases with conditions such as anogenital cancer and acquired immunodeficiency syndrome (AIDS) has made viral STDs an important issue in the healthcare of women and infants, and in reproductive health. The evolution of the AIDS pandemic is now characterized by growing differences between rich and poor nations. New diagnostic tools include rapid tests of blood, urine and saliva samples. New techniques, such as computerized cytology, have been developed for the diagnosis of human papillomavirus (HPV). Women infected with HIV are at a greater risk of being co-infected with HPV, and they are also more prone to the progression and persistence of HPV lesions. The herpes simplex virus presents high rates of co-infection with HIV, and it plays a particularly important role in increasing transmission rates of this virus.
Pinto
Alvaro Piazzetta
AP
Pathology Department, Hospital of the Federal University of Paraná, School of Medicine, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, PR, Brazil. alvaropi@bsi.com.br
Baggio
Hugo César Cardoso
HC
Guedes
Guilherme Barroso
GB
D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D019411:Clinical Laboratory Techniques; D005260:Female; D006558:Herpes Genitalis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D012307:Risk Factors