Type III secretion: the bacteria-eukaryotic cell express.
Type III secretion (T3S) is an export pathway used by Gram-negative pathogenic bacteria to inject bacterial proteins into the cytosol of eukaryotic host cells. This pathway is characterized by (i) a secretion nanomachine related to the bacterial flagellum, but usually topped by a stiff needle-like structure; (ii) the assembly in the eukaryotic cell membrane of a translocation pore formed by T3S substrates; (iii) a non-cleavable N-terminal secretion signal; (iv) T3S chaperones, assisting the secretion of some substrates; (v) a control mechanism ensuring protein delivery at the right place and time. Here, we review these different aspects focusing in open questions that promise exciting findings in the near future.
Mota
Luís Jaime
LJ
Biozentrum der Universität Basel, Biozentrum, Klingelbergstrasse, 50-70 CH4051 Basel, Switzerland.
Sorg
Isabel
I
Cornelis
Guy R
GR
D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D005057:Eukaryotic Cells / Q000382:microbiology*; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial; D006090:Gram-Negative Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D006801:Humans; D021381:Protein Transport; D014774:Virulence
D001426:Bacterial Proteins