title: Ileostomy carcinomas a review: the latent risk after colectomy for ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ileostomy carcinoma after colectomy for ulcerative colitis and familial adenomatous polyposis is rare.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-three case reports from the literature and a case of ours are reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The risk of malignancy following ileostomy formation appears to be increased compared to the very low incidence of primary small bowel carcinoma. Chronic physical or chemical irritation of the stoma may predispose the ileal mucosa to colonic metaplasia with subsequent adenoma formation, dysplasia and invasive malignant change. This is particularly so where ileostomies are fashioned for familial adenomatous polyposis and ulcerative colitis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Routine surveillance of patients who have had an ileostomy for 15 years or longer may lead to earlier detection of this complication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal and General Surgery, Glan Clwyd Hospital, Denbingshire, UK.
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Quah
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Samad
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maw
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000209:etiology*; D011125:Adenomatous Polyposis Coli / Q000601:surgery*; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000601:surgery*; D039021:Colonic Pouches; D006801:Humans; D007078:Ileal Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D007081:Ileostomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007082:Ileum / Q000473:pathology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis