title: A new technological approach proposed for distillate production using immobilized cells.
abstract: A new technological approach to distillate production using immobilized cells was investigated. The effect of temperature on the main volatile by-products in distillates was determined. Wines produced by delignified cellulose-, gluten- and kissiris-supported biocatalysis were used as starting materials. The produced distillates were analyzed for ethanol, methanol, acetaldehyde, ethyl acetate, propanol-1, isobutanol and amyl alcohol content. The results showed that distillates from delignified cellulosic material (DCM) at 16 degrees C contained smaller amounts of amyl alcohols, 57% of that produced by gluten and 32% of that produced by kissiris. The ethyl acetate content of distillates from DCM improved the aroma of distillates. These results agree with those of sensory evaluation. Subsequently, the scale-up for low-temperature distillate production at 16 degrees C using DCM was further investigated. A new version of an industrial multi-stage fixed bed tower (MFBT) bioreactor with a capacity of 11,000 l proved to be suitable for continuous fermentation by DCM-supported biocatalysis. Economic analysis showed a reduction in the cost of almost 30% for distillate production and 78% for wine production.
authors.affiliation: Food Chemistry Laboratory, Dept. Food Science and Technology, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos, Athens 11855, Greece.
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Loukatos
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kanellaki
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Komaitis
authors.forename: Ilias
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Athanasiadis
authors.forename: Athanasios A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Koutinas