title: Growth hormone-releasing peptide-6 increases insulin-like growth factor-I mRNA levels and activates Akt in RCA-6 cells as a model of neuropeptide Y neurones.
abstract: Chronic systemic administration of growth hormone (GH)-releasing peptide-6 (GHRP-6), an agonist for the ghrelin receptor, to normal adult rats increases insulin-like growth factor (IGF)-I mRNA and phosphorylated Akt (pAkt) levels in various brain regions, including the hypothalamus. Because neuropeptide Y (NPY) neurones of the arcuate nucleus express receptors for ghrelin, we investigated whether these neurones increase their IGF-I and p-Akt levels in response to this agonist. In control rats, immunoreactive pAkt was practically undetectable; however, GHRP-6 increased p-Akt immunoreactivity in the arcuate nucleus, with a subset of neurones also being immunoreactive for NPY. Immunoreactivity for IGF-I was detected in NPY neurones in both experimental groups. To determine if activation of this intracellular pathway is involved in modulation of NPY synthesis RCA-6 cells, an embryonic rat hypothalamic neuronal cell line that expresses NPY was used. We found that GHRP-6 stimulates NPY and IGF-I mRNA synthesis and activates Akt in this cell line. Furthermore, inhibition of Akt activation by LY294002 treatment did not inhibit GHRP-6 induction of NPY or IGF-I synthesis. These results suggest that some of the effects of GHRP-6 may involve stimulation of local IGF-I production and Akt activation in NPY neurones in the arcuate nucleus. However, GHRP-6 stimulation of NPY production does not involve this second messenger pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology, Hospital Infantil Universitario Niño Jesús, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, Madrid, Spain. laura.frago@uam.es
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Frago
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pañeda
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Argente
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Chowen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001111:Arcuate Nucleus of Hypothalamus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D017931:DNA Primers; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D008297:Male; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000502:physiology*; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D009478:Neuropeptide Y; D009842:Oligopeptides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C041048:growth hormone releasing hexapeptide; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases