title: Health related quality of life after orthotopic neobladder construction and its comparison with normative values in the Japanese population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We report the difference in quality of life (QOL) between patients with an orthotopic neobladder and normative values in the age matched Japanese population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between November 1996 and June 2003, 75 patients underwent orthotopic neobladder construction at our institution, of whom 47 males and 9 females were enrolled in this study. A total of 19 patients were excluded because of death or insufficient followup (less than 6 months). Two types of questionnaire, namely the RAND 36-Item Health Survey, version 2 and the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Bladder Cancer, were mailed to all 56 patients. The 48 patients (86%) who returned the completed forms were included in our analysis. Postoperative QOL was compared with age matched normative values in the control Japanese population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall there was no significant difference in any scale between patients with a neobladder and the age matched control Japanese population. The patient bodily pain score in the seventh decade of life and the role-physical score in those older than 70 years were better than age matched normative values in the Japanese population (p < 0.005 and p < 0.05, respectively). Male patients in the seventh decade of life were more likely to have better QOL in the physical functioning, role-physical and role-emotional subscales in addition to the bodily pain subscale compared to age matched control values (p < 0.05, < 0.05, < 0.001 and < 0.001, respectively). Likewise in male patients older than 70 years role-physical scores remained better than age matched normative values in the Japanese population (p < 0.01). Further analysis of bladder cancer related QOL showed that patients followed more than 24 months were more likely to have a lower incontinence score than those followed less than 24 months (p < 0.05). In addition, the continence related QOL change alone did not affect any health related QOL scales, as analyzed by RAND 36-Intem Health Survey.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study shows that there is no essential difference in health related QOL between patients with a neobladder and the age matched Japanese control population. The current results provide some primary evidence to help in decision making and eliminate potential anxiety about worse QOL after cystectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Shimane University School of Medicine, Izumo, Japan. yonedat@med.shimane-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tatsuaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoneda
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Adachi
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Urakami
authors.forename: Hirofumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kishi
authors.forename: Kazushi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shigeno
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shiina
authors.forename: Mikio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Igawa
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010809:Physical Fitness; D011336:Probability; D011788:Quality of Life; D012016:Reference Values; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012737:Sex Factors; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D016476:Urinary Reservoirs, Continent