title: The sensitivity and specificity of 0.5% apraclonidine in the diagnosis of oculosympathetic paresis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of 0.5% apraclonidine test in the diagnosis of oculosympathetic paresis (OSP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Apraclonidine (0.5%) was administered to 31 eyes, nine with a diagnosis of Horner syndrome (HS), 22 with bilateral OSP caused by diabetes, and to 54 control eyes. All were confirmed with the cocaine test. The effects on pupil diameter and upper eyelid level were observed 1 hour later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Apraclonidine caused a mean dilation of 2.04 mm (range 1--4.5) (p<0.001) in the pupils with OSP and it caused pupillary constriction in the control eyes with a mean change of -0.14 mm (range 0.5 to --1) (p<0.05). It caused reversal of anisocoria in all HS cases. Its effects on both pupil diameters and upper lid levels differed significantly between the groups (p<0.001). The mean elevation in the upper lid was 1.75 mm (range 1--4) in the OSP group (p<0.001) and 0.61 mm (range 0--3) in the control group (p<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The effect of the apraclonidine (0.5%) test on the pupil diameter was diagnostic for OSP and had at least the same sensitivity and specificity as the cocaine test for the diagnosis of OSP.
authors.affiliation: Kuzgun sok 48/3 Asagi Ayranci, Ankara 06540, Turkey. dr_feray@yahoo.com
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Koc
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kavuncu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kansu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Acaroglu
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Firat
mesh_terms: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; D000328:Adult; D015875:Anisocoria / Q000175:diagnosis; D001763:Blepharoptosis / Q000175:diagnosis; D003000:Clonidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000175:diagnosis; D005260:Female; D006732:Horner Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015877:Miosis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000316:Adrenergic alpha-Agonists; C016986:apraclonidine; D003000:Clonidine