title: Neurohormonal and circulatory effects of short-term treatment with enalapril and quinapril in dogs with asymptomatic mitral regurgitation.
abstract: The aim of the study was to compare the effect of 2 angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitors on neurohormonal and circulatory variables in Cavalier King Charles Spaniels (CKCSs) with asymptomatic mitral regurgitation (MR). Ten CKCSs with mild to severe untreated MR were treated with 2 ACE inhibitors, quinapril and enalapril (each at 0.5 mg/kg PO q24h for 7 days), in a double-blind, crossover study with a washout period of 7 days between treatments. Blood samples were drawn and echocardiography was performed on days 0, 7, 14, and 21. Both treatments reduced ACE activity (P < .001) and increased renin activity (P < .001) and atrial natriuretic peptide concentration (P < .005). The ACE inhibitors had no effect on the concentrations of nitrate and nitrite (NOx) or asymmetric dimethylarginine (ADMA). On day 0, a lower NOx concentration (P = .02) was found in samples taken in the clinic as compared to samples taken in the homes of the dogs. Quinapril caused a significant reduction in more variables that reflect the severity of MR (eg, jet size and left ventricular end diastolic diameter) than did enalapril. However, in terms of specific variables, no significant difference was identified between the effects of the 2 treatments on MR. These results suggest that ACE inhibitors do not affect NOx and ADMA concentrations in asymptomatic dogs, but exercise, stress, or some combination may influence NOx concentrations in these dogs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Animal and Veterinary Sciences, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Copenhagen, Denmark. som@kvl.dk
authors.forename: Sophia Gry
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Moesgaard
authors.forename: Lotte Gam
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Teerlink
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Häggström
authors.forename: Henrik Duelund
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Pedersen
mesh_terms: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology; D004285:Dogs; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000662:veterinary; D004656:Enalapril / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000662:veterinary*; D045283:Natriuretic Agents / Q000097:blood; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood; D000077583:Quinapril; D012083:Renin / Q000097:blood; D044005:Tetrahydroisoquinolines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D045283:Natriuretic Agents; D044005:Tetrahydroisoquinolines; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C018524:N,N-dimethylarginine; D004656:Enalapril; D001120:Arginine; D012083:Renin; D000077583:Quinapril