title: Pediatric endonasal dacryocystorhinostomy: a report of 34 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present experience with the endoscopic dacryocystorhinostomies (EDCR) at the pediatric age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series, clinical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The operative and postoperative data have been collected in 34 pediatric EDCRs (mean age 4.5 years; range 4 months to 13 years). The total of 34 primary and 5 revision procedures have been performed by the same surgeon using a standardized surgical technique. The follow-up evaluations include symptom evaluations and the endoscopic assessment of the newly created ostium with fluorescein testing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 28 of 34 primary EDCRs (82.3%) were patent after a mean follow-up of 12 to 36 months: 24 of 27 (88.9%) procedures with subsaccal obstructions, 3 of 5 (60.0%) with combined subsaccal and suprasaccal obstructions, and 1 of 2 (50.0%) with suprasaccal obstructions. Intubation was used in 30 primary EDCRs. We found no differences in the success rate between the group with operative intranasal debridement and the group without it in the follow-up period. EDCRs failed in six patients, five of whom were revised endoscopically with success.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EDCRs in children appear to provide a safe and successful procedure with the success rate comparable with those achieved with external DCRs and those in adults.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, City Hospital, Frýdek-Místek, the Czech Republic. kominek@nemfm.cz
authors.forename: Pavel
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Komínek
authors.forename: Stanislav
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cervenka
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003608:Dacryocystorhinostomy / Q000379:methods*; D004724:Endoscopy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D016896:Treatment Outcome