title: Implant stability during initiation and resolution of experimental periimplantitis: an experimental study in the dog.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Histologic studies have demonstrated the possibility to reestablish direct bone-implant contacts after ligature-induced periimplantitis. The influence of the reosseointegration on the stability of implants is not known.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present investigation was to study bone tissue and associated implant stability alterations that occurred during induction and resolution of periimplantitis using resonance frequency analysis (RFA), radiography, and histology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three implants with smooth (turned) or roughened (SLA) surfaces were placed in each side of the edentulous mandible of four dogs. Experimental periimplantitis was induced for 3 months. Five weeks later, the animals were treated with antibiotics and surgical therapy and were followed for another 6 months. Periapical radiographs and RFA were used to evaluate marginal bone levels and implant stability throughout the study period. After termination, the tissue-implant interface was evaluated by light microscopy in ground sections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a linear relationship between radiographic and RFA findings because continuous loss of marginal bone and a decrease in implant stability were observed for both implant surfaces during the periimplantitis period. Antibiotic treatment and surgical therapy resulted in some reosseointegration, which was more marked for the SLA surface. The resonance frequency values corresponded well to the histometric measurements because reosseointegration resulted in an increase in implant stability.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings from the present study indicate a linear relationship between marginal bone level and resonance frequency value. It is suggested that the RFA technique is sensitive and may be used to detect even a minor change in the level of bone-implant contact.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomaterials, Institute for Surgical Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Göteborg, Göteborg, Sweden. lars.sennerby@biomaterials.gu.se
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Sennerby
authors.forename: Leif G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Persson
authors.forename: Tord
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Berglundh
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wennerberg
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lindhe
mesh_terms: D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000009:adverse effects; D015921:Dental Implants; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D017268:Dental Prosthesis Retention; D004285:Dogs; D020007:Implants, Experimental; D008026:Ligation; D008334:Mandible; D016348:Osseointegration; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D011859:Radiography; D013499:Surface Properties; D014732:Vibration
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants