Export of nutrients from golf courses on the Precambrian Shield.
Annual export rates, or fluxes, of total nitrogen (TN), nitrate, total phosphorus (TP) and potassium from four streams on two golf courses on the Precambrian Shield were compared with those from forested reference locations. Overall, the mean annual fluxes of K, TN, NO(3) and TP from golf courses were greater than from forested areas by 10, 2, 6 and 2 times, respectively. The overall mean export coefficients (kg/ha/yr) were 16 for K, 5.2 for TN, 2.1 for NO(3) and 0.14 for TP. For TN and TP, these are similar to those reported from cropland in Canada by Chambers and Dale.
Winter
Jennifer G
JG
Environmental and Resource Studies, Trent University, 1600 West Bank Drive, Peterborough, ON K9J 7B8, Canada. jennifer.winter@ene.gov.on.ca
Dillon
Peter J
PJ
D002170:Canada; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000032:analysis*; D005308:Fertilizers / Q000032:analysis*; D016468:Forestry; D006055:Golf; D006801:Humans; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis; D011188:Potassium / Q000032:analysis; D011891:Rain; D045483:Rivers; D014872:Water Movements; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
D005308:Fertilizers; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D010758:Phosphorus; D009584:Nitrogen; D011188:Potassium