title: Pregnancy in kidney transplant recipients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our aim was to investigate kidney allograft, obstetric, and maternal outcomes in pregnant women undergoing kidney transplantation in our center.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective data on 74 pregnancies in 60 patients were reviewed and completed through phone interviews were compared with information on a control group of female kidney recipients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age of patients at transplantation was 26.55 +/- 4.72 years and the median interval between transplantation and pregnancy was 27.5 months. Gestational period was 8 months. Live birth was the outcome in 43.2% of pregnancies; 9.5% led to still birth, 24.3% were aborted, and obstetrical data of the remaining were unavailable. Among the 11 patients who became pregnant within 12 months after transplantation, we observed seven live births and four abortions. None of pregnancies that were accompanied by acute rejection episodes (ARE) were successful. Twenty-six patients experienced at least one ARE versus 23 patients of the control group (P = NS). However, the first ARE occurred later in the pregnant group (P = .028). Chronic rejection and graft loss were seen in 24 and 18 study group cases and 17 and 17 control cases, respectively (P = NS). One-, 3-, 5-, and 10-year graft survivals were 100%, 96.5%, 94.5%, and 77.1% in the pregnant group versus 93.2%, 85.7%, 81%, and 64.7% in the control group, respectively (P = .07).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pregnancy in kidney recipients seems to be safe for kidney allograft recipients even within the first year posttransplant. Nonetheless, the outcomes of pregnancy in this group of patients is not always favorable, especially when rejection occurs simultaneously.
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shaheed Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pour-Reza-Gholi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nafar
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Farrokhi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Entezari
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Taha
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Firouzan
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Einollahi
mesh_terms: D000028:Abortion, Induced; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000453:epidemiology; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous