Oxidative stress in the newborn--a 30-year perspective.
In this review the development of the concept 'hypoxia-reoxygenation injury' is outlined. An update of some important factors and mechanisms related to oxidative stress injury in newborn infants is presented, including the metabolism of glutathione, the role of antioxidants, iron and nitric oxide, and how these may influence health and disease in the newborn and contribute to 'oxygen radical disease of the newborn'. New insight into how hyperoxia and hypoxia may induce changes leading to retinopathy of prematurity by vascular endothelial growth factor acting in concert with insulin-like growth factor is briefly summarized. Inflammation and oxidative stress seem to be two sides of the same coin in newborn babies both contributing to injury partly through similar mechanisms.
Saugstad
Ola Didrik
OD
Department of Pediatric Research, Rikshospitalet Faculty Division, University of Oslo, Oslo, Norway. o.d.saugstad@medisin.uio.no
D000975:Antioxidants; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D018496:Hyperoxia; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007232:Infant, Newborn, Diseases / Q000209:etiology; D007501:Iron; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D024505:Tocopherols
D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D007501:Iron; D005978:Glutathione; D001205:Ascorbic Acid; D024505:Tocopherols