title: Does enteral nutrition of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids promote oxidative stress and tumour growth in ductal pancreatic cancer? Experimental trial in Syrian Hamster.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Type and composition of dietary fat intake is supposed to play an important role in carcinogenesis. Thus we investigated the effects of n-3, n-6 and n-9 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on oxidative stress (lipidperoxidation) and tumour growth in ductal pancreatic cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety male hamsters were randomized into 6 groups (gr.) (n=15) and allocated to 3 main dietary categories: gr. 1 and 2 received a standard high fat diet (SHF, rich in n-6 PUFA), while gr. 3 and 4 were fed with a diet containing a mixture of n-3, n-6 and n-9 PUFA (SMOF) and gr. 5 and 6 had free access to a diet rich in n-3 PUFA (FISH-OIL). Gr. 1, 3 and 5 received weekly subcutaneous (s.c.) injections of 10 mg N-nitrosobis-2-oxypropylamine (BOP)/kg body weight in order to induce ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Healthy control gr. 2, 4 and 6 were treated with 0.5 ml 0.9% sodium chloride s.c. After 32 weeks all animals were sacrificed. Removed pancreata were weighed and analysed histologically and biochemically. Activities of glutathionperoxidase (GSH-Px), superoxiddismutase (SOD) and levels of lipidperoxidation were measured in samples of pancreatic carcinoma as well as in tumour-free pancreatic tissue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While different diets did not significantly alter the overall incidence of histologically proven pancreatic adenocarcinoma, the number of macroscopically visible tumours was decreased in the FISH-OIL-gr.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Different diets did not significantly influence the incidence of histologically proven pancreatic adenocarcinoma. However, administration of a diet rich in n-3 PUFA (FISH-OIL) resulted in a decrease of macroscopically visible tumours, thus indicating its beneficial effects in respect to attenuation of tumour growth.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of General, Visceral, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Charité Campus Mitte, Humbold-University of Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: J I
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Gregor
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Heukamp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kilian
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kiewert
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schimke
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kristiansen
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Walz
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Jacobi
authors.forename: F A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Wenger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D006224:Cricetinae; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D000069463:Olive Oil; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010179:Pancreas / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011897:Random Allocation; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D015996:Survival Rate; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002273:Carcinogens; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D005395:Fish Oils; D009602:Nitrosamines; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014280:Triglycerides; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D019301:Oleic Acid; C013622:nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine; D013024:Soybean Oil; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase