title: [Quantitative ultrasonic naked gene delivery and the effect control].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study ultrasonic naked gene delivery and its effect control, and to investigate the new methods, which are easy-to-use, reliable and non-cytotoxic for application in gene therapy so as to build an optimal parameter set.
  
  
  METHODS
  Suspensions of different kinds of cells were exposed to calibrated ultrasound field (35.1 kHz) with different parameters for gene delivery. Morphology, membrane permeability, naked gene expression efficiency, threshold of cell damage and cell viability were examined by laser scanning confocal microscopy, fluorescent microscopy, flow cytometry and spectrophotometer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The plasmid of green fluorescent protein (GFP) was delivered into S180 cells under optimal parameters without cell damage. The transfection rate was about 35.83% +/- 2.53% (n=6) in viable cells. The GFP expression intensity in ultrasound exposure group had a higher fluorescent peak than AVV-GFP group and control group (P<0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ultrasound can effectively deliver naked gene into cells using optimal parameters without cell damage. The gene uptake depends on energy accumulation at 90% of cell viability, and the tendency of apoptosis is found in S180 tumor cells.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Informatics, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou Gansu, China. kinggreat@163.com
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Wen-heng
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Zheng-zhong
authors.initials: ZZ
authors.lastname: Bian
authors.forename: Qin-wu
authors.initials: QW
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Ya-lin
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Miao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002645:Chickens; D004912:Erythrocytes; D005069:Evaluation Studies as Topic; D017930:Genes, Reporter / Q000235:genetics; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D010539:Permeability; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics*; D011817:Rabbits; D012510:Sarcoma 180; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods*; D014465:Ultrasonics
chemical_list: D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins