title: CD28 is required for optimal induction, but not maintenance, of vaccine-induced immunity to Blastomyces dermatitidis.
abstract: Cellular immunity mediated by T lymphocytes, in particular CD4+ and CD8+ type 1 cells, is the main defense against pathogenic fungi. Here, CD28-deficient (CD28-/-) mice were used to study the role of costimulation for the generation and maintenance of T-cell-mediated, type 1 cytokine-dependent mechanisms of vaccine immunity to Blastomyces dermatitidis infection. Disruption of CD28 costimulation reduced the number of type 1 CD4 and CD8 cells generated and impaired resistance to infection. Type 1 T-cell subsets generated in vaccinated CD28-/- mice were durable and protected mice for at least 3 months after vaccination. Our findings suggest that CD28 is required for the induction of optimal, protective T-cell responses to B. dermatitidis infection but may be dispensable for the maintenance of T-cell memory.
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics, 600 Highland Ave., K4/444, Madison, WI 53792, USA. mwuethri@wisc.edu
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wüthrich
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Warner
authors.forename: Bruce S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Klein
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001758:Blastomyces / Q000276:immunology*; D001759:Blastomycosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D018106:CD28 Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D005657:Fungal Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D007156:Immunologic Memory / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout
chemical_list: D018106:CD28 Antigens; D016207:Cytokines; D005657:Fungal Vaccines