title: Tomato juice prevents senescence-accelerated mouse P1 strain from developing emphysema induced by chronic exposure to tobacco smoke.
abstract: The senescence-accelerated mouse (SAM) is a naturally occurring animal model for accelerated aging after normal development and maturation. SAMP1 strain was reported to show age-related structural and functional changes in lung and to be a murine model of senile lung. We postulated that aging of lung is an important intrinsic process for development of emphysema and even in a short period of tobacco smoke exposure may be able to generate emphysema. At age 12 wk, SAMP1 inhaled air or 1.5% tobacco smoke (total particulate matter 23.9 mg/m3) through the nose for 30 min/day, 5 days/wk, and for 8 wk. The mean linear intercepts (MLI) and destructive index (DI) of lung were significantly increased [air vs. smoke (means+/-SE); MLI, 68.76+/-0.69 vs. 75.34+/-1.70 microm, P<0.05 and DI, 8.61+/-0.38 vs. 16.18+/-1.54%, P<0.05], whereas no significant changes were observed in SAMR1, control mice that show normal aging. In contrast, smoke-induced emphysema was completely prevented by concomitant ingestion of lycopene given as tomato juice [MLI: smoke with/without lycopene (mean+/-SE), 62.87+/-0.8 vs. 66.90+/-1.33 microm, P<0.05]. Smoke exposure increased apoptosis and active caspase-3 of airway and alveolar septal cells and reduced VEGF in lung tissues, but tomato juice ingestion significantly reduced apoptosis and increased tissue VEGF level. We conclude that SAMP1 is a useful model for tobacco smoke-induced emphysema and a valuable tool to explore both pathophysiological mechanisms and the effect of therapeutic intervention on smoke-induced emphysema.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Respiratory Medicine, Juntendo Univ., School of Medicine, 2-1-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-Ku, Tokyo 113-8421, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kasagi
authors.forename: Kuniaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seyama
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mori
authors.forename: Sanae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Souma
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Taeko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akiyoshi
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suganuma
authors.forename: Yoshinosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Fukuchi
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001628:Beverages; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D002338:Carotenoids / Q000097:blood / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004646:Emphysema / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008168:Lung / Q000473:pathology; D000077276:Lycopene; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C467480:vascular endothelial growth factor A, mouse; D002338:Carotenoids; D000077276:Lycopene