title: Levels of interpopulation differentiation among different functional classes of immunologically important genes.
abstract: It has been postulated that gene function may influence the degree to which allele frequencies differ among populations. In order to evaluate this effect, genotypic data from resequencing studies of genes classified as cytokines, cytokine receptors, cell adhesion molecules, Toll-like receptors and coagulation proteins were analysed for genetic differentiation (FST) between population samples of European and African descent. FST values did not differ statistically among functional groups when all polymorphic sites were included in the analyses. However, analysis based on nonsynonymous SNPs alone suggested weak heterogeneity among functional classes (P=0.0424). Particularly high levels of differentiation were shown by individual nonsynonymous SNPs at some genes, most notably ICAM1 and some Toll-like receptors. These genes interact directly with pathogens, and may therefore have been subject to geographically localised natural selection. Such loci warrant particular attention in studies of genetic disease risk and local adaptation to environmental conditions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Medicine, Trinity College, Trinity Centre for Health Sciences, St James's Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. aryan12@tcd.ie
authors.forename: A W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Ryan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mapp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Moyna
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mattiangeli
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kelleher
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Bradley
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McManus
mesh_terms: D044383:Black People / Q000235:genetics*; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005828:Genetics, Population; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012641:Selection, Genetic; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1