title: Effects of intranasal administration of nimodipine on cerebral hemodynamics of dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of nimodipine (NM) on cerebral blood flow (CBF) in dogs following intranasal administration.
  
  
  METHODS
  NM solution was administered intranasally, intravenously (i.v.), and orally to dogs and the change of CBF was determined by using electromagnetic blood flowmeter. MFLab experimental program was applied to monitor the experimental process and analyze data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CBF markedly increased after iv and intranasal application, while large variance was observed after oral dosing. CBF in dogs after three administrations increased by 26.4%, 28.0% and 8.5%, respectively, compared with that of baseline. Following intranasal administration, the onset of action was slightly slower than that after iv injection [(5 +/- 4) min vs (2.2 +/- 1.2) min], however the duration of improvement was the longest [ (25 +/- 17) min].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intranasal delivery for NM can be a promising alternative to parenteral or oral administration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Pharmacy, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Qi-zhi
authors.initials: QZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xin-guo
authors.initials: XG
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Zhen-qi
authors.initials: ZQ
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Ke-pan
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000187:drug effects; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D009553:Nimodipine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D009553:Nimodipine