title: In vivo sodium magnetic resonance imaging of the human brain using soft inversion recovery fluid attenuation.
abstract: Sodium imaging with soft inversion recovery fluid attenuation, which may be advantageous for intracellular weighting, was demonstrated with cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) suppression in five healthy volunteers at 4.7 T. Long rectangular inversion pulses reduce the average power deposition in an inversion recovery sequence, allowing repetition time to be shortened and more averages acquired for a given scan length. Longer pulses also significantly reduce the "depth" of Mz inversion in environments with rapid T1 and T2 relaxation (i.e., brain relative to CSF). Phantom experiments and simulation show a marked SNR increase when using a 10-ms, rather than a 1-ms, rectangular inversion pulse. Images were acquired in 11.1 min with a voxel size of 0.25 cm3 and the SNR in CSF, which is typically approximately 3 times larger than in brain, was reduced to 23% of that in the brain tissue, which had an average SNR of 17.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Alberta, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stobbe
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Beaulieu
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012964:Sodium / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D012964:Sodium