title: Nitric oxide involves in carnosine-induced hyperactivity in chicks.
abstract: Carnosine has been characterized as a putative neurotransmitter and implicated as having a possible role in neuron-glia cell interactions. We previously confirmed that central administration of carnosine induced hyperactivity in chicks. In the present study, we investigated the effects of nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) inhibitors on carnosine-induced hyperactivity in chicks. Carnosine-induced (3.2 micromol) hyperactivity was attenuated by intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) co-administration with a non-selective NOS inhibitor N(G)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester HCl (200 and 400 nmol) in a dose-dependent manner, while the hyperactivity was not attenuated by the inactive isomer of the NOS inhibitor N(G)-nitro-D-arginine methyl ester HCl (400 nmol). The i.c.v. injection of a selective inhibitor of inducible NOS (iNOS) L-N(6)-(1-iminoethyl) lysine HCl (400 nmol) did not affect carnosine-induced hyperactivity. These results suggest that carnosine-induced hyperactivity may be linked to the constitutive NOS (cNOS), rather than iNOS, in the brain. Central carnosine may regulate brain function and/or behaviors by NO generation via cNOS in chicks.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Advanced Animal and Marine Bioresources, Graduate School of Bioresource and Bioenvironmental Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Shozo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tomonaga
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tachibana
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Momoka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Donald Michael
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Denbow
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Furuse
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D002336:Carnosine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002645:Chickens; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D006948:Hyperkinesis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; C090663:N(6)-(1-iminoethyl)lysine; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002336:Carnosine; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D008239:Lysine; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester