title: [Antitumor effect of recombinant Xenopus laevis vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) as a vaccine combined with adriamycin on EL4 lymphoma in mice].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the antitumor effect of immunotherapy with recombinant Xenopus laevis vascular endothelial growth factor (xVEGF) as a vaccine combined with adriamycin on lymphoma model in mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  EL4 lymphoma model was established in C57BL/6 mice. Mice were randomized into four groups: combination therapy, adriamycin alone, xVEGF alone and normal saline (NS) groups, and then were given relevant treatments. The growth of tumor, the survival rate of tumor-bearing mice, and the potential toxicity of regimens above were observed. Anti-VEGF antibody-producing B cells (APBCs) were detected by enzyme-linked immunospot (ELISPOT) assay. In addition, microvessel density (MVD) of tumor was detected by immunohistochemistry, and tumor cell apoptosis was also detected by TUNEL staining.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tumor volumes of mice were significantly smaller in combination group than those in other three groups (P < 0.05). Complete regression of tumor was observed in 3 of 10 mice in combination group. Forty-eight days after inoculation of tumor cells, the survival rate of mice was significantly higher in combination group than in NS group (P < 0.01). The anti-VEGF APBC count in combination group or xVEGF group was significantly higher, compared with that in adriamycin group or NS group (P < 0.01). MVD in tumor tissues was significantly lower in combination group than those in other three groups (P < 0.05). Moreover, tumor cell apoptosis was significantly higher in combination group than those in other three groups (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this experimental study, the use of xVEGF vaccine and adriamycin as a combination of immunotherapy with chemotherapy has sucessfully produced synergistic antitumor effect on lymphoma in mice.
authors.affiliation: The State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy, Department of Hematology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Niu
authors.forename: Ting
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yong-Qian
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: Ji-Yan
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Bing
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kan
authors.forename: Yu-Quan
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Wei
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007167:Immunotherapy; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000628:therapy*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011897:Random Allocation; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014612:Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014982:Xenopus laevis
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014612:Vaccines; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D004317:Doxorubicin