title: Distinct chemokine triggers and in vivo migratory paths of fluorescein dye-labeled T Lymphocytes in acutely simian immunodeficiency virus SIVmac251-infected and uninfected macaques.
abstract: To define the possible impact of T-lymphocyte trafficking parameters on simian immunodeficiency virus (SIV) pathogenesis, we examined migratory profiles of carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester (CFSE)-labeled T lymphocytes in acutely SIVmac251-infected and uninfected macaques within 48 h after autologous transfer. Despite significant upregulation of homeostatic chemokine CCL19/macrophage inflammatory protein 3beta and proinflammatory chemokine CXCL9/monokine induced by gamma interferon in secondary lymphoid tissue in SIV infection, no differences in CFSE+ T-lymphocyte frequencies or cell compartmentalization in lymph nodes were identified between animal groups. By contrast, a higher frequency of CFSE+ T lymphocytes in the small intestine was detected in acute SIV infection. This result correlated with increased numbers of gut CD4 T lymphocytes expressing chemokine receptors CCR9, CCR7, and CXCR3 and high levels of their respective chemokine ligands in the small intestine. The changes in trafficking parameters in SIV-infected macaques occurred concomitantly with acute gut CD4 T-lymphocyte depletion. Here, we present the first in vivo T-lymphocyte trafficking study in SIV infection and a novel approach to delineate T-lymphocyte recruitment into tissues in the nonhuman primate animal model for AIDS. Such studies are likely to provide unique insights into T-lymphocyte sequestration in distinct tissue compartments and possible mechanisms of CD4 T-lymphocyte depletion and immune dysfunction in simian AIDS.
authors.affiliation: Immunology Graduate Program, University of California--Davis, Davis, California 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Candice C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Clay
authors.forename: Denise S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Danielle J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Harvey
authors.forename: Christian M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Leutenegger
authors.forename: Ursula
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Esser
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D002465:Cell Movement; D054415:Chemokine CCL19; D054370:Chemokine CXCL9; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D005452:Fluoresceins; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000276:immunology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000276:immunology; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008251:Macaca; D008297:Male; D054388:Receptors, CCR; D054400:Receptors, CCR7; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D016097:Simian Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology*; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus; D013388:Succinimides; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: C087165:5-(6)-carboxyfluorescein diacetate succinimidyl ester; C119309:CC chemokine receptor 9; C515460:CCL19 protein, human; C515370:CCR7 protein, human; C080810:CXCL9 protein, human; C515187:CXCR3 protein, human; D054415:Chemokine CCL19; D054370:Chemokine CXCL9; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; D005452:Fluoresceins; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D054388:Receptors, CCR; D054400:Receptors, CCR7; D054367:Receptors, CXCR3; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; D013388:Succinimides