title: Risk factors for myocardial injury during off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although off-pump coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) is now used worldwide for coronary revascularization, the pre- and intraoperative risk factors for myocardial injury associated with the surgical procedure remain to be elucidated. We performed a multivariate analysis to investigate factors that contribute to myocardial injury during off-pump CABG.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population consisted of 22 patients who underwent off-pump CABG without apparent intraoperative complications. Blood samples were obtained before surgery and at 3 and 12 hours after the last anastomosis and serum Troponin T (cTnT) levels were measured to assess myocardial injury. Patient characteristics and factors related to preoperative cardiac function and the intraoperative process were analyzed to determine their correlation with serum cTnT levels, and the Spearman's correlation coefficient (r(s)) was computed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neither age, preoperative cardiac function, time required for anastomosis, the number of grafts, nor the total amount of bleeding were associated with serum cTnT levels. Serum cTnT at 3 and 12 hours after completed anastomosis correlated with the product of mean systolic blood pressure and mean heart rate (double product) during anastomosis. The r(s) values at 3 and 12 hours were 0.62 (P = .002) and 0.58 (P = .004), respectively. With respect to the serum cTnT level at 12 hours, creatinine clearance (Ccr) had a slight effect on the serum cTnT values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High blood pressure and an increased heart rate during anastomosis are unfavorable factors for off-pump CABG. However, strict control of the blood pressure and heart rate makes it possible to subject even patients at high-risk to off-pump CABG from the viewpoints of myocardial injury.
authors.affiliation: Center for Heart Disease, Division of Cardiovascular Surgery, Otemae Hospital, Otemae, Chuo-ku, Osaka, Japan. csurg-kurita@otemae.gr.jp
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kurita
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shintani
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D047549:Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors; D020107:Troponin T / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D020107:Troponin T