Vaccination against very virulent infectious bursal disease virus using recombinant T4 bacteriophage displaying viral protein VP2.
In order to develop a desirable inexpensive, effective and safe vaccine against the very virulent infectious bursal disease virus (vvIBDV), we tried to take advantage of the emerging T4 bacteriophage surface protein display system. The major immunogen protein VP2 from the vvIBDV strain HK46 was fused to the nonessential T4 phage surface capsid protein, a small outer capsid (SOC) protein, resulting in the 49 kDa SOC-VP2 fusion protein, which was verified by sodium dodecylsulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis and Western blot. Immunoelectromicroscopy showed that the recombinant VP2 protein was successfully displayed on the surface of the T4 phage. The recombinant VP2 protein is antigenic and showed reactivities to various monoclonal antibodies (mAbs) against IBDV, whereas the wild-type phage T4 could not react to any mAb. In addition, the recombinant VP2 protein is immunogenic and elicited specific antibodies in immunized specific pathogen free (SPF) chickens. More significantly, immunization of SPF chickens with the recombinant T4-VP2 phage protected them from infection by the vvIBDV strain HK46. When challenged with the vvIBDV strain HK46 at a dose of 100 of 50% lethal dose (LD50) per chicken 4 weeks after the booster was given, the group vaccinated with the T4-VP2 recombinant phage showed no clinical signs of disease or death, whereas the unvaccinated group and the group vaccinated with the wild-type T4 phage exhibited 100% clinical signs of disease and bursal damages, and 30%-40% mortality. Collectively, the data herein showed that the T4-displayed VP2 protein might be an inexpensive, effective and safe vaccine candidate against vvIBDV.
Cao
Yong-Chang
YC
Genetic Engineering Laboratory, Animal Science College, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China. yccao@scau.edu.cn
Shi
Quan-Cheng
QC
Ma
Jing-Yun
JY
Xie
Qing-Mei
QM
Bi
Ying-Zuo
YZ
D000818:Animals; D017122:Bacteriophage T4 / Q000235:genetics*; D018175:Birnaviridae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D002645:Chickens; D007243:Infectious bursal disease virus / Q000276:immunology*; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D014611:Vaccination / Q000662:veterinary*; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
C082513:VP2 protein, infectious bursal disease virus; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines