title: Comparison of oocyte-activating agents for mouse cloning.
abstract: Since somatic cell components are unable to activate oocytes following injection or fusion, enucleated oocytes receiving adult somatic cells during the cloning process must be activated artificially for their development. We compared the efficiency of four types of oocyte-activating agents: strontium, ethanol, single electric pulse, and spermatozoa. Although strontium was the best in supporting preimplantation development of reconstructed mouse oocytes, there was no significant difference among the four agents with respect to the rate of postimplantation embryo development and the birth of live offspring.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Reproductive Biology, University of Hawaii Medical School, Honolulu, Hawaii, USA. kishi@uro.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kishikawa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wakayama
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yanagimachi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019976:Cloning, Organism / Q000662:veterinary*; D003433:Crosses, Genetic; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004624:Embryo Transfer; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D008845:Microinjections; D053652:Nuclear Transfer Techniques; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D010312:Parthenogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D013077:Sperm Head / Q000502:physiology; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D013324:Strontium / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000431:Ethanol; D013324:Strontium