title: Effect of high pressure carbon dioxide on the clumping of the bacterial spores.
abstract: The formation of spore clumps of Bacillus coagulans and Bacillus licheniformis during high-pressure carbon dioxide treatment (HCT) was investigated. As the treatment time increased, the number of spore clumps increased. After 120 min, single spore decreased to 20-35% of the population. Addition of a surfactant decreased the hydrophobicity of spore surface and increased both the number of single spores and the rate of inactivation ratio of B. coagulans and B. licheniformis spores.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Food Microbiology, Department of Food Science and Technology, College of Bioresource Sciences, Nihon University, 1866, Kameino, Fujisawa-shi, 252-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Soichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: Taisuke
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Tetsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koyama
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Narisawa
authors.forename: Hirokazu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ogihara
authors.forename: Makari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
mesh_terms: D001407:Bacillus / Q000502:physiology*; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005516:Food Microbiology; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D011312:Pressure; D013171:Spores, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D013501:Surface-Active Agents; D002245:Carbon Dioxide