title: Diclofenac suppository administration in conjunction with lidocaine gel during transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy: prospective, randomized, placebo-controlled study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the additional analgesic efficacy of the rectal administration of diclofenac suppository compared with placebo in patients undergoing transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 40 consecutive men undergoing biopsy were enrolled in this study. Patients were randomized equally into two treatment groups. In group 1, patients received an intrarectal 100-mg diclofenac suppository 1 hour before biopsy. In group 2, patients received a glycerin suppository as a placebo intrarectally 1 hour before biopsy. All patients received 10 mL of 2% lidocaine gel intrarectally 10 minutes before biopsy. A self-administrated visual analog scale was used to measure the pain scores at the end of the biopsy and 2 hours and 1 day after the biopsy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean patient age was 63.3 +/- 6.8 years and 61.6 +/- 6.7 years in groups 1 and 2, respectively. The mean pain score in groups 1 and 2 was 3.4 +/- 1.3 versus 5.9 +/- 1.7 (P < 0.0001), respectively, at the end of the biopsy. The mean pain score at 2 hours and 1 day after the procedure was 1.2 +/- 1.0 versus 3.6 +/- 1.4 (P < 0.0001) and 0.5 +/- 0.9 versus 1.4 +/- 1.3 (P = 0.017) in groups 1 and 2, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intrarectal diclofenac suppository administration is a simple, safe, and effective procedure to reduce pain and improve patients' tolerance of transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy. We recommend intrarectal diclofenac suppository administration, together with intrarectally administered lidocaine gel, in men undergoing transrectal ultrasound-guided prostate biopsy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Dokuz Eylul University School of Medicine, Izmir, Turkey.
authors.forename: Bora
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Irer
authors.forename: Aytac
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gulcu
authors.forename: Guven
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Aslan
authors.forename: Yigit
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Goktay
authors.forename: Ilhan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Celebi
mesh_terms: D000698:Analgesia; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001706:Biopsy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005782:Gels; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011467:Prostate / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D012007:Rectum; D013488:Suppositories; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D005782:Gels; D013488:Suppositories; D004008:Diclofenac; D008012:Lidocaine