title: Working memory performance and preoccupying thoughts in female dieters: evidence for a selective central executive impairment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The study aimed to extend previous research into the impaired cognitive performance of spontaneous dieters by employing the Double Span Memory Task to investigate the relationship between weight-loss dieting and performance simultaneously on the three subsystems of working memory.
  
  
  METHODS
  A sample of 33 dieting and 33 non-dieting women were presented with increasingly longer sequences of common objects, displayed successively in different, randomly chosen locations of a 4 x 4 grid. Participants were then asked to name the objects (phonological loop), point to the locations (visuospatial sketch pad), or both (central executive). Participants also completed self-report measures of preoccupying cognitions, dietary restraint, depressed affect, and verbal intelligence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Current dieters performed more poorly than non-dieters on combined recall, but not on the single recall of objects or locations. They also scored more highly on self-rated preoccupying cognitions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dieting to lose weight selectively impairs central executive functioning, rather than the storage capacity of the two slave systems. This dieting-related central executive deficit is at best partly attributable to the preoccupying thoughts about food, weight, and body shape accompanying dieting.
authors.affiliation: School of Psychology, Flinders University, Adelaide, Australia. Eva.Kemps@flinders.edu.au
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kemps
authors.forename: Marika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tiggemann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D001828:Body Image; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D015431:Weight Loss