title: Induction of chemokines and chemokine receptors CCR2b and CCR4 in authentic human osteoclasts differentiated with RANKL and osteoclast like cells differentiated by MCP-1 and RANTES.
abstract: Chemokines MCP-1 and RANTES are induced when authentic bone resorbing human osteoclasts differentiate from monocyte precursors in vitro. In addition, MCP-1 and RANTES can stimulate the differentiation of cells with the visual appearance of osteoclasts, being multinuclear and positive for tartrate resistance acid phosphatase (TRAP +). We show here that MIP1alpha is also potently induced by RANKL during human osteoclast differentiation and that this chemokine also induces the formation of TRAP + multinucleated cells in the absence of RANKL. MIP1alpha was able to overcome the potent inhibition of GM-CSF on osteoclast differentiation, permitting the cells to pass through to TRAP + multinuclear cells, however these were unable to form resorption pits. Chemokine receptors CCR2b and CCR4 were potently induced by RANKL (12.6- and 49-fold, P = 4.0 x 10(-7) and 4.0 x 10(-8), respectively), while CCR1 and CCR5 were not regulated. Chemokine treatment in the absence of RANKL also induced MCP-1, RANTES and MIP1alpha. Unexpectedly, treatment with MCP-1 in the absence of RANKL resulted in 458-fold induction of CCR4 (P = 1.0 x 10(-10)), while RANTES treatment resulted in twofold repression (P = 1.0 x 10(-4)). Since CCR2b and CCR4 are MCP-1 receptors, these data support the existence of an MCP-1 autocrine loop in human osteoclasts differentiated using RANKL.
authors.affiliation: School of Medical Sciences, Griffith University Gold Coast Campus, Queensland 9726, Australia.
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Carly L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Magno
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Day
authors.forename: Nigel A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Morrison
mesh_terms: D000135:Acid Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018946:Chemokine CCL5 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010010:Osteoclasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D053245:RANK Ligand; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; D054389:Receptors, CCR1; D054390:Receptors, CCR2; D054398:Receptors, CCR4; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000378:metabolism; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase
chemical_list: C111835:CCL2 protein, human; C515300:CCR1 protein, human; C515334:CCR2 protein, human; C515354:CCR4 protein, human; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D018946:Chemokine CCL5; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D053245:RANK Ligand; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; D054389:Receptors, CCR1; D054390:Receptors, CCR2; D054398:Receptors, CCR4; D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D019707:Receptors, Chemokine; C505686:TNFRSF11A protein, human; C505688:TNFSF11 protein, human; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D000135:Acid Phosphatase; D000071681:Tartrate-Resistant Acid Phosphatase