title: Bifidogenic growth stimulator for the treatment of active ulcerative colitis: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Experimental studies have shown that luminal antigens are involved in chronic intestinal inflammatory disorders. Bifidogenic growth stimulator (BGS) is a prebiotic preparation produced by Propionibacterium freudenreichii isolated from Swiss cheese. Previously BGS was shown to act in the colon as a growth stimulator of Bifidobacteria. This study investigated the efficacy and safety of BGS in the treatment of ulcerative colitis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve patients with mildly to moderately active ulcerative colitis received orally 4.5 g of BGS daily for 4 wk in an open-label treatment protocol while the baseline anti-inflammatory therapy was continued. The response to treatment was evaluated clinically and endoscopically. Concentrations of short-chain fatty acids and the composition of commensal bacteria, including Bifidobacteria, Enterobacteria and Bacteroides species, were studied in stool samples.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients showed improvement in their clinical activity index scores, with a significant decrease in the score from 7.4 +/- 2.8 to 4.7 +/- 1.5 (mean +/- standard error of the mean, P < 0.01). The endoscopic index score decreased from 4.4 +/- 1.7 to 2.8 +/- 1.8 (P < 0.05) with treatment. Patients showed an increase in stool butyrate concentrations after BGS treatment (P < 0.05). There were no significant changes in stool levels of bacteria as a result of BGS treatment. No side effects related to BGS were observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral BGS therapy may represent a non-toxic way to treat ulcerative colitis. However, controlled studies are needed to demonstrate its efficacy in the treatment of this disorder.
authors.affiliation: Second Department of Medicine, Kurume University School of Medicine, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Asuka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mitsuyama
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koga
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tomiyasu
authors.forename: Junya
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: Kosuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takaki
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tsuruta
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Toyonaga
authors.forename: Michio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sata
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001644:Bifidobacterium / Q000254:growth & development*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000628:therapy*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D019936:Probiotics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D011424:Propionibacterium / Q000502:physiology*; D012449:Safety; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile