title: Identification of hydroxylated metabolites in 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether exposed rats.
abstract: Faeces from day 1-5 of orally administered 2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-47) in rat have been analysed for hydroxylated metabolites. Six hydroxylated tetrabrominated diphenyl ethers, as well as three hydroxylated tribrominated diphenyl ethers found, were structurally identified. They were 2'-hydroxy-2,4,4'-tribromodiphenyl ether, 3'-hydroxy-2,4,4'-tribromodiphenyl ether, 4'-hydroxy-2,2',4-tribromodiphenyl ether, 6-hydroxy-2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether, 2'-hydroxy-2,3',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether, 3-hydroxy-2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether, 5-hydroxy-2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether, 4'-hydroxy-2,2',4,5'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether and 4-hydroxy-2,2',3,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether. The analysis was performed using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The identification of the hydroxylated polybrominated diphenyl ether (OH-PBDE) metabolites in the rat faeces was supported by similar relative retention times (RRTs) versus 2,2',3,4,4',5-hexabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-138) on two columns of different polarities compared to the authentic references. The identification of the OH-PBDE metabolites was also supported by full scan electron ionisation mass spectra. Two of the identified OH-PBDE metabolites have identical structures as natural products, which previously have been isolated from marine sponges and an ascidian.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Chemistry, Stockholm University, SE-106 91 Stockholm, Sweden. gmaqam@iiqab.csic.es
authors.forename: Göran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marsh
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Athanasiadou
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Athanassiadis
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sandholm
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D005243:Feces; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D006900:Hydroxylation; D010647:Phenyl Ethers / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls; D051381:Rats
chemical_list: D055768:Halogenated Diphenyl Ethers; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; D010647:Phenyl Ethers; D011075:Polybrominated Biphenyls; C511295:2,2',4,4'-tetrabromodiphenyl ether