title: Alveolar epithelial cells secrete chemokines in response to IL-1beta and lipopolysaccharide but not to ozone.
abstract: Ozone exposure produces acute inflammation and neutrophil influx in the distal lung. Alveolar epithelial cells cover a large surface area, secrete chemokines, and may initiate or modify the inflammatory response. The effect of ozone on chemokine production by these cells has not been defined. Isolated rat type II cells were cultured in different conditions to express the morphologic appearance and biochemical markers for the type I and the type II cell phenotypes. These cells were exposed to ozone at an air/liquid interface. The type I-like cells were more susceptible to injury than the type II cells and showed signs of injury at exposure levels of 100 ppb ozone for 60 min. Both phenotypes showed evidence of lipid peroxidation after ozone exposure as measured by 8-isoprostane production, but neither phenotype secreted increased amounts of MIP-2 (CXCL3), CINC-1 (CXCL1), or MCP-1 (CCL2) in response to ozone. Both cell phenotypes secreted MIP-2 and MCP-1 in response to IL-1beta or lipopolysaccharide, but there was no priming or synergy with ozone. It is likely that the inflammatory response to ozone in the alveolar compartment is not due to the direct effect of ozone on epithelial cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, National Jewish Medical and Research Center, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA.
authors.forename: Rizwan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manzer
authors.forename: Jieru
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Kahoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishina
authors.forename: Glen
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: McConville
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Mason
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; D054426:Chemokine CXCL2; D018925:Chemokines / Q000378:metabolism*; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000378:metabolism; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D010126:Ozone / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: C491766:Ccl2 protein, rat; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D054360:Chemokine CXCL1; D054426:Chemokine CXCL2; D018925:Chemokines; D019743:Chemokines, CXC; C513297:Cxcl1 protein, rat; C513296:Cxcl2 protein, rat; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D010126:Ozone