title: Limited survival of adult human testicular tissue as ectopic xenograft.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Grafting of testicular tissue into immunodeficient mice has become an interesting and promising scientific tool for the generation of gametes and the study of testicular function. This technique might potentially be used to generate sperm from patients whose testes need to be removed or are destroyed due to therapeutic intervention or as a consequence of disease. Here we explore whether adult human testicular tissue from patients with different testicular pathologies survives as xenograft.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Testis tissue from adult patients with varying degrees of spermatogenesis was grafted into two strains of immunodeficient mice (severe combined immunodeficiency, Nu/Nu). Tissue with active spermatogenesis prior to grafting largely regressed. However, testicular tissue survival was better in cases where spermatogenesis was suppressed prior to grafting and occasionally spermatogonial stem cells survived. Cases with spermatogenic disruption were not corrected by the xenografting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Superior survival of the germinal epithelium and spermatogonia when spermatogenesis was suppressed prior to grafting could provide a novel strategy for germline preservation in pre-pubertal cancer patients. This approach could also be valuable to study the early stages of human spermatogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, BST, W952, 3500 Terrace Street, Pittsburgh PA 15261, USA.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schlatt
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Honaramooz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ehmcke
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Goebell
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rübben
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dhir
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Dobrinski
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Patrizio
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000818:Animals; D002828:Choristoma / Q000473:pathology; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D007248:Infertility, Male / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D013091:Spermatogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D013737:Testis / Q000473:pathology / Q000637:transplantation*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous