title: Partially hydrolyzed guar gum down-regulates colonic inflammatory response in dextran sulfate sodium-induced colitis in mice.
abstract: Partially hydrolyzed guar gum (PHGG), a water-soluble dietary fiber produced by a controlled partial enzymatic hydrolysis of guar gum beans, has various physiological actions. The aim of the present study was to elucidate the beneficial effects of PHGG on colonic mucosal damage and on the inflammatory response in a dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) colitis model. After 2 weeks of prefeeding of PHGG, acute colitis was induced with 8% DSS in female BALB/c mice. Colonic mucosal inflammation was evaluated clinically, biochemically and histologically. Mucosal protein contents and mRNA levels of tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) were determined by immunoassay and reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction. Disease activity scores determined by weight loss, stool consistency and blood in stool in DSS-treated mice were significantly lower in the PHGG-treated mice compared with the control mice. Shortening of the colon was significantly reversed by PHGG. Histological study also showed a reduced infiltration of inflammatory cells, especially neutrophils, and mucosal cell disruption in PHGG-treated mice compared with the control mice. The increases in tissue-associated myeloperoxidase activity and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances after DSS administration were both significantly inhibited by pretreatment with PHGG. Partially hydrolyzed guar gum also inhibited increases in intestinal TNF-alpha protein and mRNA expression after DSS administration, respectively. These results suggest that chronic ingestion of PHGG prevents the development of DSS-induced colitis in mice via the inhibition of mucosal inflammatory response.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Graduate School of Medical Science, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kamigyo-ku, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan. ynaito@koto.kpu-m.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.forename: Tomohisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Katada
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuroda
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kokura
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ichikawa
authors.forename: Junko
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Watabe
authors.forename: Norimasa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okanoue
authors.forename: Toshikazu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshikawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003092:Colitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D003106:Colon / Q000473:pathology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005685:Galactans / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D008351:Mannans / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000473:pathology; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D053149:Plant Gums; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000032:analysis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D005685:Galactans; D008351:Mannans; D053149:Plant Gums; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016264:Dextran Sulfate; C007894:guar gum; D009195:Peroxidase