Does enteral nutrition of dietary polyunsaturated fatty acids promote oxidative stress and tumour growth in ductal pancreatic cancer? Experimental trial in Syrian Hamster.
BACKGROUND
Type and composition of dietary fat intake is supposed to play an important role in carcinogenesis. Thus we investigated the effects of n-3, n-6 and n-9 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on oxidative stress (lipidperoxidation) and tumour growth in ductal pancreatic cancer.


METHODS
Ninety male hamsters were randomized into 6 groups (gr.) (n=15) and allocated to 3 main dietary categories: gr. 1 and 2 received a standard high fat diet (SHF, rich in n-6 PUFA), while gr. 3 and 4 were fed with a diet containing a mixture of n-3, n-6 and n-9 PUFA (SMOF) and gr. 5 and 6 had free access to a diet rich in n-3 PUFA (FISH-OIL). Gr. 1, 3 and 5 received weekly subcutaneous (s.c.) injections of 10 mg N-nitrosobis-2-oxypropylamine (BOP)/kg body weight in order to induce ductal pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Healthy control gr. 2, 4 and 6 were treated with 0.5 ml 0.9% sodium chloride s.c. After 32 weeks all animals were sacrificed. Removed pancreata were weighed and analysed histologically and biochemically. Activities of glutathionperoxidase (GSH-Px), superoxiddismutase (SOD) and levels of lipidperoxidation were measured in samples of pancreatic carcinoma as well as in tumour-free pancreatic tissue.


RESULTS
While different diets did not significantly alter the overall incidence of histologically proven pancreatic adenocarcinoma, the number of macroscopically visible tumours was decreased in the FISH-OIL-gr.


CONCLUSIONS
Different diets did not significantly influence the incidence of histologically proven pancreatic adenocarcinoma. However, administration of a diet rich in n-3 PUFA (FISH-OIL) resulted in a decrease of macroscopically visible tumours, thus indicating its beneficial effects in respect to attenuation of tumour growth.
Gregor
J I
JI
Clinic of General, Visceral, Vascular and Thoracic Surgery, Charité Campus Mitte, Humbold-University of Berlin, 10117 Berlin, Germany.
Heukamp
I
I
Kilian
M
M
Kiewert
C
C
Schimke
I
I
Kristiansen
G
G
Walz
M K
MK
Jacobi
C A
CA
Wenger
F A
FA
D000818:Animals; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D021441:Carcinoma, Pancreatic Ductal / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D006224:Cricetinae; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated / Q000494:pharmacology; D005395:Fish Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D019787:Linoleic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology; D000069463:Olive Oil; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010179:Pancreas / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D011897:Random Allocation; D013024:Soybean Oil / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D015996:Survival Rate; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology
D002273:Carcinogens; D004042:Dietary Fats, Unsaturated; D005231:Fatty Acids, Unsaturated; D005395:Fish Oils; D009602:Nitrosamines; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014280:Triglycerides; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D019301:Oleic Acid; C013622:nitrosobis(2-oxopropyl)amine; D013024:Soybean Oil; D019787:Linoleic Acid; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase