title: Influence of heart failure etiology on the prognostic value of peak oxygen consumption and minute ventilation/carbon dioxide production slope.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Peak oxygen consumption (V(O2)) and minute ventilation (V(E))/carbon dioxide production (V(CO2)) slope have been widely demonstrated to have strong prognostic value in patients with heart failure (HF). In the present study, we investigated the effect of HF etiology on the prognostic applications of peak V(O2) and Ve/V(CO2) slope.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred sixty-eight subjects underwent symptom-limited cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPX). The population was divided into ischemic (115 men and 22 women) and nonischemic (108 men and 23 women) subgroups. The occurrence of cardiac-related events over the year following CPX was compared between groups using receiver operating characteristic curve (ROC) analysis
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age +/- SD was significantly higher (61.0 +/- 10.0 years vs 50.3 +/- 16.2 years) while mean peak V(O2) was significantly lower (15.0 +/- 5.2 mL/kg/min vs 17.5 +/- 6.7 mL/kg/min) in the ischemic HF group (p < 0.05). ROC curve analysis demonstrated that both peak V(O2) and V(E)/V(CO2) slope were significant predictors of cardiac events in both the ischemic group (peak V(O2), 0.74; V(E)/V(CO2) slope, 0.76; p < 0.001) and the nonischemic group (peak V(O2), 0.75; V(E)/V(CO2) slope, 0.86; p < 0.001). Optimal prognostic threshold values for peak V(O2) were 14.1 mL/kg/min and 14.6 mL/kg/min in the ischemic and nonischemic groups, respectively. Optimal prognostic threshold values for the V(E)/V(CO2) slope were 34.2 and 34.5 in the ischemic and nonischemic groups, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Baseline and exercise characteristics were different between ischemic and nonischemic patients with HF. However, the prognostic power of the major CPX variables was strikingly similar. Different prognostic classification schemes based on HF etiology may therefore not be necessary when analyzing CPX responses in clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy, Box 980224, Virginia Commonwealth University, Medical College of Virginia, Health Sciences Campus, Richmond, VA 23298-0224, USA. raarena@.vcu.edu
authors.forename: Ross
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arena
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Myers
authors.forename: Joshua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Abella
authors.forename: Mary Ann
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Peberdy
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D011379:Prognosis; D012372:ROC Curve; D012016:Reference Values; D012143:Respiratory Physiological Phenomena; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide