title: The effect of turbation on zinc relocation in a vertical floodplain soil profile.
abstract: Turbation is hypothesized to affect the redistribution of heavy metals in polluted floodplain soils by effects on mobility. This hypothesis was tested in microcosms by turbation of zinc-spiked sediment top layers. Manual turbation caused a fast decrease of the zinc content in the upper 15 cm of the soil, even though turbation was only applied to the upper two centimetres. It was especially zinc attached to colloid and organic matter particles that was redistributed from the top layer. Percolation processes resulted in the attached zinc being drained to depths of more than 15 cm. The decrease in zinc content of the topsoil was even stronger in combination with inundation. No indications were found for the redistribution of zinc as a result of an increase of the extractability with 0.01 M CaCl2 or changes in pH. The findings suggest that mechanical turbation and bioturbation may redistribute heavy metals from topsoils in polluted floodplains just after inundation as observed in these turbation experiments.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Water and Society, Faculty of Science, Radboud University Nijmegen, PO Box 9010, 6500 GL Nijmegen, The Netherlands. s.wijnhoven@science.ru.nl
authors.forename: Sander
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wijnhoven
authors.forename: Gerard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: van der Velde
authors.forename: Rob S E W
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Leuven
authors.forename: Herman J P
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Eijsackers
authors.forename: Antonius J M
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Smits
mesh_terms: D002122:Calcium Chloride; D003102:Colloids; D017753:Ecosystem; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D005618:Fresh Water; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D013997:Time Factors; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D003102:Colloids; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D015032:Zinc; D002122:Calcium Chloride