Serum copper levels among a tribal population in Jharkhand State, India: a pilot survey.
BACKGROUND
Copper is an essential trace element that plays a pivotal role in cell physiology. Dietary intake of copper by a population of low-income groups in India has been found to be low, and hence the possibility of dietary copper deficiency exists.


OBJECTIVE
To determine serum copper levels among tribal populations in India, an area in which data are limited.


METHODS
The study was conducted among tribal populations 18 to 75 years of age residing in Sahibganj, Jharkhand. Two blocks in the district were selected (from a total of eight) for the detailed study. A semistructured pretested questionnaire was used to collect demographic and socioeconomic information about subjects. A total of 995 subjects were enrolled for the present study. Blood was drawn from the antecubital vein and collected in previously labeled polypropylene tubes. Serum copper was determined by the atomic absorption spectrophotometry method and serum samples with copper levels less than 80 microg/dL were considered to have low serum copper levels.


RESULTS
The mean serum copper concentration of the study subjects was 91.18 +/- 35.48 microg/dL. Thirty-four percent of the study subjects had low serum copper levels (< 80 microg/dL). Nearly 35% of males and 34.4% of females had low serum copper levels.


CONCLUSIONS
This study documented a high prevalence of low serum copper levels among the studied tribal population. Further multicenter studies with larger sample sizes are needed to assess the biological implications of copper deficiency among the tribal populations in India.
Kapil
Umesh
U
Department of Human Nutrition, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Ansari Nagar, New Delhi, India. kapilumesh@hotmail.com
Singh
Preeti
P
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003300:Copper / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood* / Q000172:deficiency*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009752:Nutritional Status; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012423:Rural Health; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic / Q000379:methods; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
D003300:Copper