title: Nephron-sparing surgery for renal tumours using selective renal parenchymal clamping.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe a technical modification that facilitates nephron-sparing surgery (NSS) for renal tumours, without clamping the renal pedicle or promoting renal surface hypothermia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventeen patients with renal tumours had NSS using the selective renal-parenchymal clamping technique. In 11 patients the tumour was polar and in six it was central. The mean (range) size of the tumours was 3.6 (2-6) cm. The technique was performed using one or two large Satinsky vascular clamps. Time was not limited as there was no clamping of the renal pedicle, or renal hypothermia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (range) operative duration was 190 (120-300) min. Only one patient needed a blood transfusion. There were no complications in 13 patients after NSS. The mean (range) hospital stay was 5 (3-12) days. The pathological examination detected malignant tumours in 13 patients, and a microscopic examination showed adequate surgical margins in all. The mean (range) follow-up was 24.5 (4-60) months. No patients required haemodialysis immediately after surgery or later.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Selective renal parenchymal clamping is a simple and efficient technical manoeuvre that facilitates NSS without dissection or clamping of the renal pedicle. Time is not limited as the ischaemia is limited to the tissue surrounding the tumour. The operative duration and blood loss are acceptable and the complications similar to those with the conventional technique. The size and position of the tumour could be limiting factors to this technique.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urology, School of Medicine, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
authors.forename: Fernandes
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Denardi
authors.forename: Gustavo M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Borges
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Rafael M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Stopiglia
authors.forename: Ubirajara
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: Athanase
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Billis
authors.forename: Nelson R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Netto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000601:surgery*; D003250:Constriction; D004210:Dissection; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000601:surgery; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015996:Survival Rate; D013536:Suture Techniques; D016896:Treatment Outcome