title: Steroidal saponins from Calamus insignis, and their cell growth and cell cycle inhibitory activities.
abstract: Three novel spirostanol-type (2, 3, and 5) and a furostanol-type (4) steroidal saponins were isolated from the stems of Calamus insignis (Palmae), along with a known steroidal saponin (1) by bioassay guided purification. The chemical structures of 1-5 were established on the basis of spectroscopic analysis and the result of acidic hydrolysis. Compounds 1, 2, 3, and 5 showed cell growth inhibitory activity against HeLa cells at a concentration of less than 10 microM, and 1 exhibited a cell cycle inhibitory effect at the G2/M stage at concentrations of 1.5 and 2.9 microM by flow cytometric analysis. This effect seems to be correlated with large expression of p21 and inhibition of dephosphorylation of cdc2 according to the result of Western blotting analysis.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chiba University, Chiba 263-8522, Japan.
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohtsuki
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koyano
authors.forename: Thaworn
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kowithayakorn
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kawahara
authors.forename: Yukihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Goda
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
mesh_terms: D031081:Calamus / Q000737:chemistry*; D002240:Carbohydrate Sequence; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology; D012503:Saponins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016339:Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment; D013256:Steroids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D010840:Phytosterols; D012503:Saponins; D013256:Steroids