title: Misperceiving the college drinking norm and related problems: a nationwide study of exposure to prevention information, perceived norms and student alcohol misuse.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study examined (1) the prevalence of misperceptions of college student drinking norms across campuses nationwide, (2) the importance of perceived norms in predicting high-risk drinking, (3) the association of exposure to alcohol education information with students' perceptions of campus drinking norms and (4) the differences in high-risk drinking rates between schools where exposure to alcohol information is associated with more accurately perceived norms and schools where exposure to information is unrelated to perceptions or is associated with greater misperceptions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multivariate analyses were used to analyze an aggregate database of the National College Health Assessment survey administered to 76,145 students from 130 colleges and universities nationwide from spring 2000 through spring 2003.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regardless of the actual campus drinking norm, a consistently large percentage of students nationwide overestimated the quantity of alcohol consumed by their peers. Students' perception of their campus drinking norm was the strongest predictor of the amount of alcohol personally consumed in comparison with the influence of all demographic variables. Perception of the norm was also a much stronger predictor when compared with the actual campus norm. Reduced levels of high-risk drinking and negative consequences were found among students attending the relatively few schools where exposure to prevention information was associated with less exaggerated perceptions of the drinking norm compared with students attending other schools.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Misperceived drinking norms are a pervasive problem. Schools that do not seek to reduce these misperceptions with their prevention information are neglecting a potentially powerful component of prevention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology and Sociology, Hobart and William Smith Colleges, Geneva, New York 14456, USA. perkins@hws.edu
authors.forename: H Wesley
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Perkins
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Haines
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rice
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D001290:Attitude; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D033181:Information Dissemination; D008297:Male; D012938:Social Perception; D012945:Social Values; D013334:Students / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014495:Universities