Epidemiological evaluations of the efficacy of slow-released praziquantel-medicated bars for dogs in the prevention and control of cystic echinococcosis in man and animals.
To assess the epidemiological efficacy of type SRP III slow-released praziquantel-medicated bars for dogs in the prevention and control of cystic echinococcosis in man and livestock, praziquantel-medicated bars were implanted subcutaneously in over 90% of dogs in villages in north Xinjiang, China, where cystic echinococcosis is highly endemic. After implantation, infection rate of Echinococcus granulosus in dogs, specific antibodies in children and prevalence of echinococcosis in one-year-old lambs were observed for 3 years. Coproantigen of E. granulosus was positive in 41.2% of the dogs at the start of experiment. In the second and third year after medicated-bar implantation, coproantigen was undetectable in any dogs examined, while 3.0% of dogs were positive at the end of the fourth year. The antibody positive rate in 7-year-old pupils, that was 41.2% before the experiment, declined gradually and it was 5.4% in the fourth year, while children in the non-intervention control area showed 30.6% seropositivity. The prevalence of hydatid disease in children aged 7-16 years also declined significantly. The prevalence of hydatidosis in lambs one year of age was 44.8% in the first year, dropping to 10.7% in the fourth year, while in the non-intervention control area the level of infection was 46.4%. These results demonstrated not only that the slow released praziquantel-medicated bars efficiently blocked reinfection in dogs at least for 2 years, but also the measure was effective in preventing transmission of cystic echinococcosis to both man and livestock.
Wei
Jiao
J
Xinjiang Center for Diseases Prevention and Control, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830002, PR China.
Cheng
Fu
F
Qun
Qu
Q
Nurbek
Xu
Shi-Dong
SD
Sun
Li-Feng
LF
Han
Xin-Kui
XK
Muhan
Han
Ling-Ling
LL
Irixiati
Jie
Peng
P
Zhang
Ke-Jiu
KJ
Islayin
Chai
Jun-jie
JJ
D000293:Adolescent; D000818:Animals; D000871:Anthelmintics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth / Q000097:blood; D002648:Child; D002681:China; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004285:Dogs; D004343:Drug Implants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004443:Echinococcosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology / Q000517:prevention & control; D048209:Echinococcus granulosus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D011223:Praziquantel / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015995:Prevalence; D012423:Rural Health; D012756:Sheep; D012757:Sheep Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000469:parasitology
D000871:Anthelmintics; D000909:Antibodies, Helminth; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004343:Drug Implants; D011223:Praziquantel