Prevention of Staphylococcus aureus infections: advances in vaccine development.
Staphylococcus aureus is a ubiquitous bacterial species that causes serious disease in a minority of carriers, particularly in hospital settings. S. aureus disease is difficult to treat, and antibiotic-resistant strains have become common. Prevention of S. aureus disease would therefore be the best way to limit the morbidity and mortality caused by this organism, but its virulence is determined by a number of different factors, making design of a widely effective vaccine difficult. Here, various S. aureus virulence factors and attempts to develop vaccines or other protective drugs based on these factors are reviewed. In particular, the results of a Phase III clinical study of a vaccine directed at capsular polysaccharides types 5 and 8 are discussed.
Shinefield
Henry R
HR
University of California School of Medicine, San Francisco, CA 94109, USA. Henryshinefield@aol.com
Black
Steven
S
D000818:Animals; D016667:Bacterial Capsules / Q000276:immunology; D015195:Drug Design; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial / Q000276:immunology; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D013209:Staphylococcal Vaccines; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination / Q000639:trends*; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate
D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; C423263:StaphVax; D013209:Staphylococcal Vaccines; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate; C054106:capsular polysaccharide, type 5, Staphylococcus aureus; C064836:capsular polysaccharide, type 8, Staphylococcus aureus