dMi-2 chromatin binding and remodeling activities are regulated by dCK2 phosphorylation.
A plethora of ATP-dependent chromatin-remodeling enzymes have been identified during the last decade. Many have been shown to play pivotal roles in the organization and expression of eukaryotic genomes. It is clear that their activities need to be tightly regulated to ensure their coordinated action. However, little is known about how ATP-dependent remodelers are regulated at the molecular level. Here, we have investigated the ATP-dependent chromatin remodeling enzyme Mi-2 of Drosophila melanogaster. Radioactive labeling of S2 cells reveals that dMi-2 is a phosphoprotein in vivo. dMi-2 phosphorylation is constitutive, and we identify dCK2 as a major dMi-2 kinase in cell extracts. dCK2 binds to and phosphorylates a dMi-2 N-terminal region. Dephosphorylation of recombinant dMi-2 increases its affinity for the nucleosome substrate, nucleosome-stimulated ATPase, and ATP-dependent nucleosome mobilization activities. Our results reveal a potential mechanism for regulation of the dMi-2 enzyme and point toward CK2 phosphorylation as a common feature of CHD family ATPases.
Bouazoune
Karim
K
Adolf-Butenandt-Institut, Lehrstuhl für Molekularbiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität, Schillerstrasse 44, 80336 München, Germany.
Brehm
Alexander
A
D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000378:metabolism*; D002460:Cell Line; D002843:Chromatin / Q000378:metabolism*; D002846:Chromatography, Affinity; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D029721:Drosophila Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011485:Protein Binding; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid
D001324:Autoantigens; D002843:Chromatin; D029721:Drosophila Proteins; C116095:Mi-2 protein, Drosophila; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases