title: Effects of male rape on psychological functioning.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Since the 1970s there has been a wealth of literature on the effects of rape on women. However, the study of the effects of male rape is still in its infancy. The aim of this study was investigate the psychological functioning of 40 British male rape survivors, and compare their level of functioning with that of a matched control group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants, recruited through national advertising in the British press, completed a series of questionnaires, measuring psychological functioning, assumptions about the world, self-esteem, and (survivors only) PTSD-related intrusion and avoidance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The male rape group had much poorer psychological functioning than the controls, lower self-worth, and lower self-esteem. Most survivors reported high levels of intrusive thoughts and avoidance in relation to the assault. Logistic regression showed that lack of treatment after the assault predicted suicide attempts.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results are discussed in relation to treatment issues for male rape survivors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Central Lancashire, UK.
authors.forename: Jayne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Archer
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Davies
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011902:Rape / Q000523:psychology*; D012649:Self Concept; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D017741:Survivors / Q000523:psychology