title: The effects of previously acquired skills on sinus surgery simulator performance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Endoscopic Sinus Surgery Simulator is currently being studied as a tool for otolaryngology resident training. While examining performance patterns on the simulator, we sought to define any relationships that may exist between students' previously acquired skills and their performance on the simulator.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six medical students were enrolled in our study. After completing their trials, they were asked to complete a 28-item questionnaire. This questionnaire included yes/no questions as well as 10-point Likert scale instruments.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only 4 students did not respond to the questionnaire. Significant contributions to simulator performance were elucidated for a number of previously learned skills, but most were short-lived. For example, experienced video gamers were significantly better at hazard avoidance in the simulator's novice mode (P = .03), but their advantage dissipated as they advanced to intermediate mode trials. In addition, students' handedness contributed to simulator performance for only the first 3 trials (P = .04), but this relationship, too, was no longer statistically significant in later trials.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some study students had skills and characteristics that significantly aided them in their ability to perform surgery on the simulator. However, these benefits were short-lived, and these results suggest that practicing plays a more important and long-standing role than other factors in surgical simulator performance. It follows that surgical simulation should play a more prominent role in surgical education because residents who practice on simulators such as this are, in turn, practicing for the reality of the operating room.
authors.affiliation: Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, New York, USA. glaseray@umdnj.edu
authors.forename: Aylon Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Glaser
authors.forename: Charles B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: S Jose I
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Uribe
authors.forename: Marvin P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Fried
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003194:Computer-Assisted Instruction; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D008297:Male; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D009048:Motor Skills; D009146:Music; D010256:Paranasal Sinuses / Q000601:surgery*; D013337:Students, Medical / Q000523:psychology*; D018910:Video Games