title: REM sleep behavior disorder, hallucinations, and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease.
abstract: The objective of this study was to evaluate the relationship between REM sleep behavior disorder (RBD), hallucinations, and cognitive impairment in Parkinson's disease (PD). One hundred and ten PD patients, divided into three groups (without RBD or hallucinations; with RBD but no hallucinations; with RBD and hallucinations), were submitted to neuropsychological evaluation. The group without RBD and hallucinations showed normal neuropsychological tests when compared to normal controls. The group with hallucinations was characterized by a more severe cognitive impairment affecting both short- and long-term memory, logical abilities, and frontal functions, while the RBD-only group presented frontal impairment. The hypothesis that RBD in PD can be considered a risk factor not only of the hallucinations but also of more severe and diffuse cognitive abnormalities needs to be strengthened through a longitudinal evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Neuropsychology, IRCCS C. Mondino Institute of Neurology, Pavia, Italy. elena.sinforiani@mondino.it
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sinforiani
authors.forename: Roberta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zangaglia
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manni
authors.forename: Silvano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cristina
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Marchioni
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nappi
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mancini
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pacchetti
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008609:Mental Status Schedule; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications*; D020187:REM Sleep Behavior Disorder / Q000150:complications*