title: Comparative acute and combinative toxicity of aflatoxin B1 and T-2 toxin in animals and immortalized human cell lines.
abstract: Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and T-2 toxin (T-2) are important food-borne mycotoxins that have been implicated in human health and as potential biochemical weapons threats. In this study the acute and combinative toxicity of AFB1 and T-2 were tested in F-344 rats, mosquitofish (Gambusia affinis), immortalized human hepatoma cells (HepG2) and human bronchial epithelial cells (BEAS-2B). Preliminary experiments were conducted in order to assess the acute toxicity and to obtain LD50, LC50 and IC50 values for individual toxins in each model, respectively. This was followed by testing combinations of AFB1 and T-2 to obtain LD50, LC50 and IC50 values for the combination in each model. All models demonstrated a significant dose response in the observed parameters to treatment. The potency of the mixture was gauged through the determination of the interaction index metric. The results of this study demonstrate that these two toxins interacted to produce alterations in the toxic responses generally classifiable as additive; however, a synergistic interaction was noted in the case of BEAS-2B. It can be gathered that this combination may pose a significant threat to public health and further research needs to be completed addressing alterations in metabolism and detoxification that may influence the toxic manifestations in combination.
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Environmental and Human Health, Department of Environmental Toxicology, Texas Tech University, Box 41163, Lubbock TX 79409-1163, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McKean
authors.forename: Lili
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Madhavi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Billam
authors.forename: Meng
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Christopher W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Theodorakis
authors.forename: Ronald J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Kendall
authors.forename: Jia-Sheng
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D016604:Aflatoxin B1 / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003532:Cyprinodontiformes; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006801:Humans; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D013605:T-2 Toxin / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D016604:Aflatoxin B1; D013605:T-2 Toxin