title: Vesicular glutamate transporter 1 immunoreactivity in extrinsic and intrinsic innervation of the rat esophagus.
abstract: Encouraged by the recent finding of vesicular glutamate transporter 2 (VGLUT2) immunoreactivity (-ir) in intraganglionic laminar endings (IGLEs) of the rat esophagus, we investigated also the distribution and co-localization patterns of VGLUT1. Confocal imaging revealed substantial co-localization of VGLUT1-ir with selective markers of IGLEs, i.e., calretinin and VGLUT2, indicating that IGLEs contain both VGLUT1 and VGLUT2 within their synaptic vesicles. Besides IGLEs, we found VGLUT1-ir in both cholinergic and nitrergic myenteric neuronal cell bodies, in fibers of the muscularis mucosae, and in esophageal motor endplates. Skeletal neuromuscular junctions, in contrast, showed no VGLUT1-ir. We also tested for probable co-localization of VGLUT1-ir with markers of extrinsic and intrinsic esophageal innervation and glia. Within the myenteric neuropil we found, besides co-localization of VGLUT1 and substance P, no further co-localization of VGLUT1-ir with any of these markers. In the muscularis mucosae some VGLUT1-ir fibers were shown to contain neuronal nitric oxide synthase (nNOS)-ir. VGLUT1-ir in esophageal motor endplates was partly co-localized with vesicular acetylcholine transporter (VAChT)/choline acetyltransferase (ChAT)-ir, but VGLUT1-ir was also demonstrated in separately terminating fibers at motor endplates co-localized neither with ChAT/VAChT-ir nor with nNOS-ir, suggesting a hitherto unknown glutamatergic enteric co-innervation. Thus, VGLUT1-ir was found in extrinsic as well as intrinsic innervation of the rat esophagus.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy I, University of Erlangen-Nuremberg, Krankenhausstr. 9, 91054, Erlangen, Germany.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ewald
authors.forename: W L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: Neuhuber
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raab
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064032:Calbindin 2; D017615:Enteric Nervous System / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D004947:Esophagus / Q000166:cytology / Q000294:innervation / Q000378:metabolism*; D009045:Motor Endplate / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D064030:S100 Calcium Binding Protein G / Q000378:metabolism; D013373:Substance P / Q000378:metabolism; D050598:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D050599:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C576512:Calb2 protein, rat; D064032:Calbindin 2; D064030:S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; C493475:Slc17a6 protein, rat; C493466:Slc17a7 protein, rat; D050598:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 1; D050599:Vesicular Glutamate Transport Protein 2; D013373:Substance P; D052248:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type I