Matched skin and sentinel lymph node samples of melanoma patients reveal exclusive migration of mature dendritic cells.
Mature and immature myeloid dendritic cells (DCs) are thought to differentially modulate T-cell responses in secondary lymphoid tissues. Although mature DCs are believed to induce T-cell activation under proinflammatory conditions, immature DCs are believed to maintain a state of T-cell tolerance under steady state conditions. However, little is known about the actual activation state of human DCs under these different conditions. Here, we compare the frequency and activation state of human DCs between matched skin and sentinel lymph node (SLN) samples, after intradermal administration of either granulocyte/macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) or saline, at the excision site of stage I primary melanoma. Although DCs remained immature (CD1a+CD83-) and mostly situated in the epidermis of the saline-injected skin (fully consistent with a quiescent steady state), mature (CD1a+CD83+) DC frequencies significantly increased in the GM-CSF-injected skin and correlated with the number of mature DCs in the SLN, indicative of increased DC migration. Interestingly, irrespective of GM-CSF or saline administration, all CD1a+ myeloid DCs in the SLN were phenotypically mature (ie, CD83+). These data are indicative of migration of small numbers of phenotypically mature DCs to lymph nodes under steady state conditions.
Molenkamp
Barbara G
BG
Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Department of Surgical Oncology, PO Box 7057, 1007 MB Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
Vuylsteke
Ronald J C L M
RJ
van Leeuwen
Paul A M
PA
Meijer
Sybren
S
Vos
Wim
W
Wijnands
Pepijn G J T B
PG
Scheper
Rik J
RJ
de Gruijl
Tanja D
TD
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000032:analysis; D018949:Antigens, CD1 / Q000032:analysis; D002465:Cell Movement; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007136:Immunoglobulins / Q000032:analysis; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D008545:Melanoma / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D012867:Skin / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000097802:CD83 Antigen
D015703:Antigens, CD; D018949:Antigens, CD1; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D007136:Immunoglobulins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D000097802:CD83 Antigen; C419393:CD1a antigen