title: Human infection with an avian H9N2 influenza A virus in Hong Kong in 2003.
abstract: Avian H9N2 influenza A virus has caused repeated human infections in Asia since 1998. Here we report that an H9N2 influenza virus infected a 5-year-old child in Hong Kong in 2003. To identify the possible source of the infection, the human isolate and other H9N2 influenza viruses isolated from Hong Kong poultry markets from January to October 2003 were genetically and antigenically characterized. The findings of this study show that the human H9N2 influenza virus, A/Hong Kong/2108/03, is of purely avian origin and is closely related to some viruses circulating in poultry in the markets of Hong Kong. The continued presence of H9N2 influenza viruses in poultry markets in southern China increases the likelihood of avian-to-human interspecies transmission.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, The University of Hong Kong, Faculty of Medicine Building, 21 Sassoon Road, Pokfulam, Hong Kong SAR, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Butt
authors.forename: Gavin J D
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: Honglin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Y H Connie
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Wilina
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Robert G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Webster
authors.forename: K Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Yuen
authors.forename: J S Malik
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Peiris
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guan
mesh_terms: D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000276:immunology; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003429:Cross Reactions; D006385:Hemagglutination Inhibition Tests; D006801:Humans; D053127:Influenza A Virus, H9N2 Subtype / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007251:Influenza, Human / Q000821:virology*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D000956:Antigens, Viral; D012367:RNA, Viral