title: Mood-congruent bias in affective go/no-go performance of unmedicated patients with major depressive disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Neuropsychological studies of major depressive disorder have described attentional biases for affectively laden stimuli, but these reports were based on measures obtained from medicated subjects. This study investigated performance of unmedicated depressed patients on the Affective Go/No-Go Task.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty depressed patients and 20 healthy comparison subjects, matched for age, gender, and IQ, performed the Affective Go/No-Go Task as well as tests of attention and memory for nonaffective stimuli.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Depressed patients did not differ from healthy subjects on memory task performance, but they made more omission errors on the attention task. On the Affective Go/No-Go Task, depressed patients made more omission errors during happy than sad word blocks and required more time to respond to happy than to sad words. In contrast, healthy subjects required more time to respond to sad than to happy words.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Unmedicated depressed patients do not show a pattern of generalized cognitive impairment but, rather, specifically display an attentional deficit and a mood-congruent bias toward salient stimuli.
authors.affiliation: Mood and Anxiety Disorders Program, National Institute of Mental Health, MD 20814-9692, USA. ericksok@intra.nimh.nih.gov
authors.forename: Kristine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Erickson
authors.forename: Wayne C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Drevets
authors.forename: Luke
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Dara M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Cannon
authors.forename: Earle E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Bain
authors.forename: Carlos A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Zarate
authors.forename: Dennis S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Charney
authors.forename: Barbara J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Sahakian
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect; D001288:Attention; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008569:Memory Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual; D011597:Psychomotor Performance; D011930:Reaction Time; D012660:Semantics; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014705:Verbal Behavior