title: Design and fabrication of integrated solid-phase extraction-zone electrophoresis microchip.
abstract: Integrated solid-phase extraction-zone electrophoresis (SPE-ZE) device has been designed and fabricated on microchip. The structures were fabricated by using multiple layers of SU-8 polymer with a novel technique that enables easy alignment and high yield of the chips. SU-8 adhesive bonding has two major advantages: it enables bonding of high aspect ratio pillars and it results in fully SU-8 microchannels with uniform electrokinetic flow properties. The SPE-ZE device has a fluidic reservoir with 15:1 high aspect ratio pillars for bead filters that act as a SPE part in the chip structure. The separation unit is a 25 mm long electrophoresis channel starting from the outlet of SPE reservoir. Argon laser-induced fluorescence (LIF) detector was used to monitor simultaneously the SPE reservoir and the detection site at the end of the electrophoresis channel. Flow characteristics and electric field distributions were simulated with Femlab software. Fluorescein was used as the analyte for detecting the operational performance of the chip. Adsorption, bead rinsing, elution and detection were tested to verify functioning of the chip design.
authors.affiliation: Helsinki University of Technology, Microelectronics Centre, Espoo, Finland.
authors.forename: Santeri
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tuomikoski
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Virkkala
authors.forename: Stella
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rovio
authors.forename: Ari
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hokkanen
authors.forename: Heli
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sirén
authors.forename: Sami
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Franssila
mesh_terms: D046209:Electrophoresis, Microchip / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning