Cognitive style in bipolar disorder.
BACKGROUND
Abnormalities of cognitive style in bipolar disorder are of both clinical and theoretical importance.


OBJECTIVE
To compare cognitive style in people with affective disorders and in healthy controls.


METHODS
Self-rated questionnaires were administered to 118 individuals with bipolar I disorder, 265 with unipolar major recurrent depression and 268 healthy controls. Those with affective disorder were also interviewed using the Schedules for Clinical Assessment in Neuropsychiatry and case notes were reviewed.


RESULTS
Those with bipolar disorder and those with unipolar depression demonstrated different patterns of cognitive style from controls; negative self-esteem best discriminated between those with affective disorders and controls; measures of cognitive style were substantially affected by current levels of depressive symptomatology; patterns of cognitive style were similar in bipolar and unipolar disorder when current mental state was taken into account.


CONCLUSIONS
Those with affective disorder significantly differed from controls on measures of cognitive style but there were no differences between unipolar and bipolar disorders when current mental state was taken into account.
Jones
Lisa
L
Department of Psychiatry, Division of Neuroscience, University of Birmingham, Queen Elizabeth Psychiatric Hospital, Birmingham B15 2QZ, UK. l.a.jones@bham.ac.uk
Scott
Jan
J
Haque
Sayeed
S
Gordon-Smith
Katherine
K
Heron
Jessica
J
Caesar
Sian
S
Cooper
Caroline
C
Forty
Liz
L
Hyde
Sally
S
Lyon
Louisa
L
Greening
Jayne
J
Sham
Pak
P
Farmer
Anne
A
McGuffin
Peter
P
Jones
Ian
I
Craddock
Nick
N
D000328:Adult; D001290:Attitude; D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000523:psychology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009497:Neurotic Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D010552:Personality Assessment; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012649:Self Concept