title: Design of estradiol loaded PLGA nanoparticulate formulations: a potential oral delivery system for hormone therapy.
abstract: Estradiol (E2), a highly lipophilic molecule with good oral absorption but poor oral bioavailability, was incorporated into poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) nanoparticles to improve its oral bioavailability. Nanoparticles were prepared by using polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) or didodecyldimethylammonium bromide (DMAB) as stabilizer, leading to negatively (size 410.9+/-39.4 nm) and positively (size 148.3+/-10.7 nm) charged particles, respectively. Both preparations showed near zero order release in vitro with about 95% drug being released within 45 and 31 days for PVA and DMAB, respectively. In situ intestinal uptake studies in male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats showed higher uptake of DMAB stabilized nanoparticles. Following oral administration to male SD rats, E2 could be detected in blood for 7 and 2 days from DMAB and PVA stabilized nanoparticles, respectively. Histopathological examination and blood counts indicated the absence of inflammatory response. These data suggest that DMAB stabilized PLGA nanoparticles have great potential as carriers for oral delivery of estradiol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutics, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER), S. A. S. Nagar, 160062, Punjab, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hariharan
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bhardwaj
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bala
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sitterberg
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bakowsky
authors.forename: M N V
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Ravi Kumar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004339:Drug Compounding; D004563:Electrochemistry; D004958:Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D019344:Lactic Acid; D008297:Male; D049329:Nanostructures; D010316:Particle Size; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011108:Polymers; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D011108:Polymers; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D004958:Estradiol