title: Effect of vancomycin, teicoplanin, and cefuroxime on Staphylococcus epidermidis adherence to intraocular lenses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the adherence of Staphylococcus epidermidis on AcrySof (Alcon) and poly(methyl methacrylate) (PMMA) intraocular lenses (IOLs) treated with vancomycin, teicoplanin, and cefuroxime.
  
  
  METHODS
  Kocaeli University, School of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey.
  
  
  METHODS
  The lenses were contaminated with S epidermidis solutions containing 10(8) colony-forming units. Intraocular lenses were placed in sterile triptic soy broth after being held in antibiotic solutions for 15 minutes. After that, sonication and vortex procedures were performed to remove all the attached bacteria that could not be removed by antibiotics. Ten microliters from each broth were taken and inoculated into sheep blood agar. The colonies were counted overnight. The statistical analyses were made using Mann-Whitney U and Kruskal-Wallis tests, and a P value less than 0.05 was considered statistically significant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regarding the inhibitory effect of antibiotics on bacterial adhesion, there was no statistically significant difference between AcrySof and PMMA lenses. In the cefuroxime group, the mean numbers of colony-forming units on AcrySof and PMMA lenses were 35.2 +/- 6.94 and 30.8 +/- 18.69, respectively (P>.05). In the teicoplanin group, the mean number of colony-forming units on AcrySof lenses was 100.1 +/- 20.97 and 70.6 +/- 43.75 on the PMMA lenses. The adherence in the vancomycin group was 245 +/- 273.74 colony-forming units for AcrySof lenses and 159.8 +/- 101.94 for PMMA lenses (P>.05). Regarding the inhibitory effect of antibiotics, cefuroxime was the most effective, followed by teicoplanin and vancomycin, respectively. Overall, the mean numbers of colony-forming units on the lenses that were held in cefuroxime, teicoplanin, and vancomycin solutions were 33.0 +/- 13.90, 85.35 +/- 36.66, and 202.4 +/- 205.74, respectively (P = .000).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that cefuroxime, teicoplanin, and vancomycin significantly inhibit bacterial adherence to IOLs. The effect of cefuroxime on adherence inhibition was significantly higher than that of teicoplanin and vancomycin. Bacterial adherence is an important factor in bacterial virulence. Antibiotics, especially cefuroxime, can successfully inhibit bacterial adherence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kocaeli University, School of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey. aydoganberna@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Berna
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ozkan
authors.forename: V Levent
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Karabaş
authors.forename: Sibel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gündeş
authors.forename: Ozgül
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Altintaş
authors.forename: Nilay
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Etiler
authors.forename: Yusuf
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Cağlar
mesh_terms: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects*; D002444:Cefuroxime / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular / Q000382:microbiology*; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D013212:Staphylococcus epidermidis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D017334:Teicoplanin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D017334:Teicoplanin; D014640:Vancomycin; D019904:Polymethyl Methacrylate; D002444:Cefuroxime