title: Apatite/amelogenin coating on titanium promotes osteogenic gene expression.
abstract: Osteoblast differentiation and extracellular matrix production are pivotal processes for implant osseointegration or bone tissue engineering. We hypothesized that a biomimetic coating on titanium surfaces, consisting of apatite and amelogenin, would promote such processes. Human Embryonic Palatal Mesenchymal pre-osteoblasts were used as a model for the evaluation of cell adhesion and spreading patterns, as well as mRNA expression of certain osteoblastic gene products. Real-time PCR showed significant (p < 0.05) increase in expression of type I collagen, alkaline phosphatase, and osteocalcin from cells grown on titanium with an apatite/amelogenin composite, as compared with that from cells grown on a pure titanium or apatite coating only. Osteocalcin expression was specifically stimulated by amelogenin added to the culture media. Enhanced attachment and cell spreading were also observed. The biomimetic coating promoting cell adhesion and osteoblast differentiation may have great potential for future dental and biomedical applications.
authors.affiliation: Center for Craniofacial Molecular Biology, School of Dentistry, University of Southern California, 2250 Alcazar Street, CSA 103, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zaharias
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Abbott
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Seabold
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Stanford
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Moradian-Oldak
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis; D053523:Amelogenin; D001031:Apatites / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D040761:Biomimetic Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000032:analysis; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005109:Extracellular Matrix / Q000187:drug effects; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D016348:Osseointegration / Q000187:drug effects; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000187:drug effects*; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000032:analysis; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D053523:Amelogenin; D001031:Apatites; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D024042:Collagen Type I; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins; D015675:Osteocalcin; D014025:Titanium; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase