title: Advanced qRT-PCR technology allows detection of the cholecystokinin 1 receptor (CCK1R) expression in human pancreas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To help clarify the controversy over the detection of expression of the cholecystokinin 1 receptor (CCK1R; CCKAR) in human pancreas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Applied qRT-PCR to detect CCK1R expression using the SYBR green/Smart Cycler II and the QZyme oligonucleotide/ABI PRISM 7500 systems to detect CCK1R expressed message in highly purified cDNAs from human pancreas and other tissues. Samples of normal pancreas were obtained at operation (pancreaticoduodenectomy; Whipple's procedure) and used to ascertain the expression of CCK1R in human tissue and investigate donor individual variability in expression levels by semi-quantitative RT-PCR and scanning densitometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We present molecular evidence obtained with advanced qRT-PCR technology that clearly establishes CCK1R expression in human pancreas. Amplification variation in individual human samples is documented here. By targeting different stretches of the sequence with several primer pairs, it was observed that SYBR green qRT-PCR failed to amplify efficiently over GGA-and GAA-rich nucleotide triplet regions, leading to false negative results. The QZyme system quantified the expression with the following distribution: stomach > small intestine approximately colon > brain approximately kidney > pancreas. CCK1R expression levels varied from undetectable, to high levels of expression, in individual samples collected from surgical specimens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CCK1R message can be conclusively detected and quantified in human pancreas cDNA by targeting the appropriate nucleotide sequence regions of this gene.
authors.affiliation: Johnson & Johnson Pharmaceutical Research & Development L.L.C, San Diego, CA 92121, USA. jgalindo@prdus.jnj.com
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Galindo
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Garth L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Powell
authors.forename: Simon J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hollingsworth
authors.forename: Nigel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shankley
mesh_terms: D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D010179:Pancreas / Q000378:metabolism*; D043886:Receptor, Cholecystokinin A / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D043886:Receptor, Cholecystokinin A