title: Opposing effects of chronic alcohol consumption on hepatic gluconeogenesis for female versus male rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The impact of chronic alcohol consumption on hepatic gluconeogenesis (HGN) between males and females is unknown. To determine the effects of chronic alcohol consumption (8 weeks) on HGN, the isolated liver perfusion technique was used on 24-hr-fasted male and female Wistar rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  After surgical isolation, livers were perfused (single pass) for 30 min with Krebs-Henseleit bicarbonate buffer and fresh bovine erythrocytes with no added substrate (washout period). After the washout period, livers were perfused with lactate (10 mM) and [U-14C]lactate (15,000 dpm/ml) using the recirculation method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference in HGN between males and females fed the control diet. In contrast, the females chronically fed the ethanol diet (FE) had significantly lower HGN rates (2.73 +/- 0.37 micromol/min x g liver protein(-1)), whereas males fed the ethanol diet (ME) had significantly higher HGN rates (4.99 +/- 0.45 micromol/min x g liver protein(-1)) than controls (3.83 +/- 0.34 micromol/min x g liver protein(-1)). Concomitant decreases were also observed for both 14C-lactate incorporation into 14C-glucose and rates of lactate uptake for FE, while corresponding increases were observed for 14C-lactate incorporation into 14C-glucose for ME. The livers from ME were able to convert a greater percentage of the lactate into glucose, resulting in the elevation in gluconeogenic capacity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chronic alcohol consumption lowers the hepatic gluconeogenic capacity from lactate in females and elevates HGN in males.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological Sciences, Chapman University, Orange, California 92866, USA. sumida@chapman.edu
authors.forename: Ken D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Sumida
authors.forename: Alma A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Cogger
authors.forename: Steven M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Arimoto
authors.forename: Aleksey V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Matveyenko
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000378:metabolism*; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001834:Body Water / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005943:Gluconeogenesis / Q000187:drug effects*; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006003:Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size / Q000502:physiology; D010477:Perfusion; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012727:Sex Characteristics
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid; D006003:Glycogen; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D000444:Aldehyde Dehydrogenase; D005947:Glucose