title: A technique to detect and to quantify fasciocutaneous blood vessels in small laboratory animals ex vivo.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A microangiographical technique is described, which allows visualization of small and capillary blood vessels and quantification of fasciocutaneous blood vessels by means of digital computer analysis in very small laboratory animals.
  
  
  METHODS
  The left carotid artery of 20 nu/nu mice was cannulated (26 gauge) and a mixture of gelatin, bariumsulfate, and green ink was injected according to standardized protocol. Fasciocutaneous blood vessels were visualized by digital mammography and analyzed for vessel length and vessel surface area as standardized units [SU] by computer program.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With the described microangiography method, fasciocutaneous blood vessels down to capillary size level can be clearly visualized. Regions of interest (ROIs) can be defined and the containing vascular network quantified. Comparable results may be obtained by calculating the microvascular area index (MAI) and the microvascular length index (MLI), related to the ROIs size. Identical ROIs showed a high reproducibility for measured [SU] < 0.01 +/- 0.0012%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combining microsurgical techniques, pharmacological knowledge, and modern digital image technology, we were able to visualize small and capillary blood vessels even in small laboratory animals. By using our own computer analytical program, quantification of vessels was reliable, highly reproducible, and fast.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Hand Surgery, Burn Care Center, Schleswig-Holstein University Clinics/Campus, Lübeck, Germany. Machens@uni-luebeck.de
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Machens
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grzybowski
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Bucsky
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Spanholtz
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Niedworok
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Maichle
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stöckelhuber
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Condurache
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: J T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Egana
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kaun
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mailänder
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aach
mesh_terms: D000792:Angiography / Q000379:methods* / Q000662:veterinary; D000818:Animals; D000830:Animals, Laboratory; D002196:Capillaries; D005205:Fascia / Q000098:blood supply*; D005260:Female; D051379:Mice; D008833:Microcirculation; D008866:Microsurgery / Q000379:methods*; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D012867:Skin / Q000098:blood supply*