title: Kinetic analysis of the antibacterial activity of probiotic lactobacilli towards Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium reveals a role for lactic acid and other inhibitory compounds.
abstract: Six Lactobacillus strains including commercial probiotic ones (L. acidophilus IBB 801, L. amylovorus DCE 471, L. casei Shirota, L. johnsonii La1, L. plantarum ACA-DC 287 and L. rhamnosus GG) were investigated, through batch fermentations under controlled conditions, for their capacity to inhibit Salmonella enterica serovar Typhimurium SL1344. All lactobacilli displayed strong antibacterial activity toward this Gram-negative pathogen and significantly inhibited invasion of the pathogen into cultured human enterocyte-like Caco-2/TC7 cells. By studying the production kinetics of antibacterial activity and applying the appropriate acid and pH control samples during a killing assay, we were able to distinguish between the effect of lactic acid and other inhibitory compounds produced. The antibacterial activity of L. acidophilus IBB 801, L. amylovorus DCE 471, L. casei Shirota and L. rhamnosus GG was solely due to the production of lactic acid. The antibacterial activity of L. johnsonii La1 and L. plantarum ACA-DC 287 was due to the production of lactic acid and (an) unknown inhibitory substance(s). The latter was (were) only active in the presence of lactic acid. In addition, the lactic acid produced was responsible for significant inhibitory activity upon invasion of Salmonella into Caco-2/TC7 cells.
authors.affiliation: Research Group of Industrial Microbiology, Fermentation Technology and Downstream Processing, Department of Applied Biological Sciences and Engineering, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Belgium.
authors.forename: Lefteris
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Makras
authors.forename: Vagelis
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Triantafyllou
authors.forename: Domitille
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fayol-Messaoudi
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Adriany
authors.forename: Georgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zoumpopoulou
authors.forename: Effie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tsakalidou
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Servin
authors.forename: Luc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: De Vuyst
mesh_terms: D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D005285:Fermentation; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D007778:Lactobacillus / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D050296:Microbial Viability; D019936:Probiotics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid