title: Wear of dentine in vitro by toothpaste abrasives and detergents alone and combined.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure in vitro the abrasion of dentine by toothpaste detergents and abrasives alone and combined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Detergents used were tego betain, sodium lauryl sulphate (SLS), adinol and pluronic diluted to 1% w/v. Abrasives were three artificial silicas, tixosil 73 and 123 and Zeodent 113, and calcium carbonate used at 2.5% w/v. Flat human dentine specimens were brushed with aqueous detergent solutions or abrasive slurries, detergent abrasive slurries and water for 20,000 brush strokes. Dentine loss was measured by non-contacting profilometry at 10,000 and 20,000 strokes. Silica particle size distribution was measured by laser deflection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Loss of dentine occurred with all detergents, abrasives and detergent abrasion combinations, but was not linear with number of brush strokes. Water appeared to remove the smear layer only, but all detergents exceeded the predicted smear layer thickness. The silica abrasives differed in abrasion properties despite similar particle size distribution. Different detergents modulated the abrasives actions in mainly positive or mainly negative directions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Detergents appear able to attack the dentine surface to produce wear. Abrasives vary considerably in wear produced under similar conditions. Detergents modulate the effect of abrasives in a way that may reflect the rheological properties of the mixture.
authors.affiliation: Division of Restorative Dentistry, Dental School, Bristol, UK.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Addy
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003804:Dentin; D003902:Detergents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D014072:Tooth Abrasion / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000209:etiology*; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000009:adverse effects; D014100:Toothpastes / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D003902:Detergents; D014100:Toothpastes