title: Detection of pericardial inflammation with late-enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance imaging: initial results.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine the value of late-enhancement cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for detection of pericardial inflammation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Late-enhancement cardiac MRI was performed in 16 patients with clinical suspicion of pericardial disease. Pericardial effusion, pericardial thickening and pericardial enhancement were assessed. MRI findings were compared with those of definitive pericardial histology (n=14) or microbiology (n=2). A control group of 12 patients with no clinical evidence of pericardial disease were also imaged with the same MRI protocol.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sensitivity and specificity for late-enhancement MRI detection of pericardial inflammation was of 100%. There was MRI late enhancement of the pericardial layers in all five patients with histological/microbiological evidence of inflammatory pericarditis. MRI demonstrated no pericardial thickening and no MRI late enhancement with or without a pericardial effusion in any of the five patients with histological evidence of a normal pericardium. MRI detected pericardial thickening in the absence of both pericardial effusion and late enhancement in all six patients with histological evidence of chronic fibrosing pericarditis. The 12 control subjects showed no evidence of pericardial MRI late enhancement.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings demonstrate that MRI late enhancement can be used to visualize pericardial inflammation in patients with clinical suspicion of pericardial disease.
authors.affiliation: Cardiothoracic Unit, Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children, Great Ormond Street, London, WC1N 3JH, UK. a.taylor@ich.ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dymarkowski
authors.forename: Eric K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Verbeken
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bogaert
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010493:Pericarditis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA