title: Fate of dietary perchlorate in lactating dairy cows: Relevance to animal health and levels in the milk supply.
abstract: Perchlorate is a goitrogenic anion that competitively inhibits the sodium iodide transporter and has been detected in forages and in commercial milk throughout the U.S. The fate of perchlorate and its effect on animal health were studied in lactating cows, ruminally infused with perchlorate for 5 weeks. Milk perchlorate levels were highly correlated with perchlorate intake, but milk iodine was unaffected, and there were no demonstrable health effects. We provide evidence that up to 80% of dietary perchlorate was metabolized, most likely in the rumen, which would provide cattle with a degree of refractoriness to perchlorate. Data presented are important for assessing the environmental impact on perchlorate concentrations in milk and potential for relevance to human health.
authors.affiliation: Bovine Functional Genomics Laboratory, Environmental Quality Laboratory, and Veterinary Services, U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, Beltsville, MD 20705, USA. acapuco@anri.barc.usda.gov
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Capuco
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Rice
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Baldwin
authors.forename: D D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Bannerman
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Paape
authors.forename: W R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Hare
authors.forename: A C W
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Kauf
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: McCarty
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Hapeman
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Sadeghi
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Starr
authors.forename: L L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: McConnell
authors.forename: C P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Van Tassell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D007774:Lactation; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010472:Perchlorates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D017670:Sodium Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D013963:Thyroid Hormones / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D010472:Perchlorates; D017670:Sodium Compounds; D013963:Thyroid Hormones; C031068:sodium perchlorate