title: Comparison of changes in physical self-concept, global self-esteem, depression and anxiety following two different psychomotor therapy programs in nonpsychotic psychiatric inpatients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The first objective of this study was to compare the changes in physical self-concept, global self-esteem, depression and anxiety after participation in one of two 16-week psychomotor therapy programs for nonpsychotic psychiatric inpatients. The second objective was to study the relationship between changes in these variables.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and ninety-nine inpatients were randomly assigned to either a personalized psychomotor fitness program, consisting of aerobic exercise and weight training, or a general program of psychomotor therapy, consisting of different forms of physical exercises and relaxation training. Physical self-concept was evaluated using the Dutch version of the Physical Self-Perception Profile at baseline, after 8 weeks, and after completion of the 16-week interventions. At the same time points, additional variables of global self-esteem, depression and anxiety were assessed by means of the Rosenberg Self-Esteem Inventory, the Beck Depression Inventory and the Trait Anxiety Inventory, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 16 weeks, both groups showed significant improvements in all outcome measures (p values ranged from 0.01 to < 0.0001), with no between-group differences. In both groups, the improvement in physical self-concept was correlated with increased global self-esteem and decreased depression and anxiety levels (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results suggest that both psychomotor therapy programs are equally effective in enhancing physical self-concept. The relationship between improvements in physical self-concept and enhancements in global self-esteem, depression and anxiety supports the potential role of the physical self-concept in the recovery process of depressed and anxious psychiatric inpatients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rehabilitation Sciences, Faculty of Kinesiology and Rehabilitation Sciences, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. jan.knapen@faber.kuleuven.be
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Knapen
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Van de Vliet
authors.forename: Herman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Van Coppenolle
authors.forename: Ans
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: David
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peuskens
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pieters
authors.forename: Koen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Knapen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety; D003863:Depression; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D008603:Mental Health; D008875:Middle Aged; D009048:Motor Skills; D010809:Physical Fitness; D012649:Self Concept