title: Lack of significant circadian and post-prandial variation in phosphate levels in subjects receiving chronic hemodialysis therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The present study was designed to determine the reliability of the current practice of random pre-dialysis phosphate testing in subjects receiving hemodialysis therapy, since phosphate levels exhibit a significant variation in a 24-hour period under usual physiologic conditions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects receiving chronic hemodialysis (HD) were invited to participate during an incidental hospitalization. In Study A subjects (n=31) had serum phosphate tested three times on a single non-dialysis day, between 6 to 7 am (A1), between 11 am to 12:30 pm (A2), and 3:45 pm to 4:45 pm (A3). In study B subjects (n=25) had serum phosphate tested just before (B1) and 2 hours after lunch (B2), on a non-dialysis day. For Study A the collection times coincided with the start times of the out-patient dialysis shifts at our institution. All patients continued their usual phosphate binder therapy, if any. For study A the results were analyzed using one-way repeated measures analysis of variance or Friedman repeated measures analysis of variance on ranks, as opposite. Paired t-test was used for Study B. Results are expressed as mean+/- standard deviation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-three men and eight women (mean age 62.2+/-15.2 years) were enrolled in Study A (24 Caucasian, 7 African-American). Nineteen men and six women (mean age 65.5+/-12.8 years) participated in study B (19 Caucasian, 6 African-American). In Study A, there was no significant difference in the mean serum phosphate levels in the samples collected through the day A1 (4.5+/-1.3 mg/dL), A2 (4.5+/-1.3 mg/dL) and A3 (4.7+/-1.5 mg/dL) (p=0.19 for comparison of the three). The mean amplitude of circadian variation (peak minus trough) was 0.64+/- 0.37 mg/dL. Similarly, there was no significant difference in the mean serum phosphate before (4.4+/-1.4 mg/dL) and two hours after lunch (4.4+/-1.5 mg/dL) (p =0.6). The mean of the difference in serum phosphate (post-prandial minus pre-prandial) was 0.2+/-0.4 mg/dL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results in hospitalized HD subjects indicate there is no significant difference in phosphate levels at different times of a single day or in relation to meals.
authors.affiliation: Nephrology Section, Harry S. Truman Memorial Veterans' Hospital, Columbia, MO - USA. trivedi8@hotmail.com
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Trivedi
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Atalla
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010710:Phosphates / Q000097:blood*; D019518:Postprandial Period / Q000502:physiology*; D006435:Renal Dialysis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D010710:Phosphates