title: [Changes of blood coagulative and fibrinolytic systems and functions of pulmonary vascular endothelium in patients with pulmonary thromboembolism].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the changes of blood coagulative and fibrinolytic systems and functions of pulmonary vascular endothelium in patients with pulmonary thromboembolism (PTE).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients with acute massive PTE, 40 patients with acute non-massive PTE and 40 control subjects without PTE were included in the study. D-Dimer (D-D), tissue-type plasminogen activator (t-PA), plasminogen activator inhibitor1 (PAI-1), plasma protein S (Ps), plasma protein C (Pc), thrombomodulin (TM), anticardiolipin antibody (ACA) and homocysteine (Hcy) were measured by the method of ELISA. Antithrombin-III (AT-III) activity was measured by chromo-substrate method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The levels of D-D, t-PA, PAI-1, and TM were (1.46 +/- 0.62) mg/L, (11.4 +/- 6.9) microg/L, (88.2 +/- 27.5) microg/L, (6.8 +/- 1.1) microg/L respectively in patients with acute massive PTE and (0.92 +/- 0.27) mg/L, (6.6 +/- 1.5) microg/L, (60.1 +/- 26.1) microg/L, and (6.30 +/- 1.50) mg/L in patients with acute non-massive PTE. The levels of both PET groups were significantly higher than those of the control subjects [(0.38 +/- 0.10) mg/L, (4.7 +/- 1.4) microg/L, (35.7 +/- 9.2) microg/L, (3.0 +/- 0.5) microg/L and P < 0.05]. The levels of AT-III were (86.0 +/- 11.8)% in patients with acute massive PTE and (90.1 +/- 9.0)% in patients with acute non-massive PTE. The levels of AT-III in both groups were significantly lower than those of the control subjects, which were (102.6 +/- 9.2)% (P < 0.01 and P < 0.05 respectively). The levels of ACA-IgG, IgM and IgA in patients with acute massive PTE and non-massive PTE were also significantly higher than those in the control group (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Imbalance of blood coagulation and fibrolytic systems and pulmonary vascular endothelium damage occur in patients with PTE.
authors.affiliation: Beijing Institute of Respiratory Medicine-Beijing Chaoyang Hospital, Capital University of Medical Science, Beijing 100020, China.
authors.forename: Bao-sen
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: Chen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zhen-guo
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Zhai
authors.forename: Yuan-hua
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yan-ling
authors.initials: YL
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: Xiu-xia
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000098:blood supply; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000097:blood; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000097:blood* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D011859:Radiography; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001779:Blood Coagulation Factors; D005338:Fibrin Fibrinogen Degradation Products; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; C036309:fibrin fragment D; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator