title: Maternal plasma concentrations of IGF-1, IGFBP-1, and C-peptide in early pregnancy and subsequent risk of gestational diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) and IGF binding protein-1 (IGFBP-1) may be important determinants of glucose homeostasis. We examined the association between circulating concentrations of IGF-1, IGFBP-1 in early pregnancy and development of gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Maternal plasma (collected at 13 weeks) IGF-1, IGFBP-1, and C-peptide were measured using immunoassay. Relative risks (RR) and 95% CIs were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The percentage of the cohort that developed GDM was 5.8% (n = 804). Free IGF-1 and IGFBP-1 were inversely associated with GDM risk, while C-peptide was positively associated with GDM risk (P for trend test < .05). Women with free IGF-1 > or = 1.08 ng/mL experienced a 69% reduced risk of GDM (CI 0.12-0.75) compared with women having concentrations < 0.80 ng/mL. There was a 57% reduced risk of GDM among women with IGFBP-1 > or = 68.64 ng/mL (RR = 0.43, CI 0.18-1.05). Women with C-peptide > or = 3.00 ng/mL experienced a 2.28-fold increased risk of GDM (CI 1.00-5.19) compared with women who had concentrations < 1.45 ng/mL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These associations may help to further elucidate the pathologic process of GDM.
authors.affiliation: Center for Perinatal Studies, Swedish Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98122, USA. Chun-Fang.Qiu@Swedish.org
authors.forename: Chunfang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Surab
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vadachkoria
authors.forename: Lois
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Meryman
authors.forename: Ihunnaya O
authors.initials: IO
authors.lastname: Frederick
authors.forename: Michelle A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood*; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1 / Q000097:blood*; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000032:analysis*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012306:Risk; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D002096:C-Peptide; D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I