title: Quadricuspid aortic valve and associated abnormalities in a dog.
abstract: An 11-month-old, female Scottish terrier was presented with a history of a heart murmur. The electrocardiogram showed signs of left ventricular enlargement, and radiography confirmed generalized cardiomegaly. Echocardiography revealed four equally sized aortic valve cusps. A ventricular septal defect, with systolic left-to-right shunting, and aortic regurgitation into both ventricles were also present. The dog was free of clinical signs 1 year after diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Companion Animal Clinical Studies, Faculty of Veterinary Science, University of Pretoria, Onderstepoort, South Africa.
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kettner
authors.forename: Etienne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Côté
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Kirberger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001022:Aortic Valve Insufficiency / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004285:Dogs; D018618:Echocardiography, Doppler, Color / Q000662:veterinary; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D006337:Heart Murmurs / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*