title: Effect of ochratoxin A on broiler chicks challenged with Salmonella gallinarum.
abstract: 1. A study was conducted to evaluate the effects of ochratoxin A (OA) on broiler chicks challenged with Salmonella gallinarum. 2. One hundred and seventy-six 1-d-old broiler chicks were divided into two groups of 88 chicks each, with one group fed on a control mash diet and the other given a mash diet containing 2 ppm OA. On d 14, each group was further subdivided into two groups with one group infected with S. gallinarum and the other uninfected. 3. Following S. gallinarum inoculation on d 14, 4 birds from each group were killed at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 14 and 21 d post inoculation. 4. S. gallinarum infection caused dullness, depression, weakness, increased thirst, droopy wings, ruffled feathers and greenish-yellow diarrhoea. S. gallinarum infection in the absence of OA caused 11.5% mortality which increased to 28.8% in the presence of OA. 5. Decreased body weight and reduced feed intake were observed in chicks fed on the diet containing OA. S. gallinarum infection also reduced the body weights of chicks, with the effects being more marked in chicks receiving OA. The OA diet led to increased serum levels of aspartate aminotransferase, alanine aminotransferase, alkaline phosphatase, uric acid and creatinine, and decreased levels of total proteins, albumin, globulins, calcium and phosphorus. S. gallinarum infection did not cause significant alteration in any of the serum biochemical parameters. 6. Mortality and the severity of S. gallinarum infection in broiler chicks were increased by the presence of OA in the diet.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Epidemiology and Preventive Medicine, Chaudhary Charan Singh Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jindal
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Khokhar
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Ledoux
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Rottinghaus
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D002645:Chickens / Q000382:microbiology*; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012475:Salmonella / Q000502:physiology; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000097:blood / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013997:Time Factors; D015431:Weight Loss / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D001798:Blood Proteins; D009793:Ochratoxins; C025589:ochratoxin A; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase