title: Synthesis and enzymatic characterization of methylene analogs of adenosine 5'-tetraphosphate (P4A).
abstract: A new methodology for synthesis of biologically important nucleoside tri- and tetraphosphates containing a bisphosphonate moiety instead of the terminal pyrophosphate bond is described. The series consists of tri- and tetraphosphate analogs of adenosine, guanosine and 7-methylguanosine (characteristic for mRNA cap). We have adopted a two-step procedure that allowed us to insert a methylene bridge into the phosphate chain. Nucleoside mono- or diphosphates were first activated (as imidazole derivatives) and then used in coupling reactions with organic salts of bisphosphonate. The resulting synthetic method enabled us to obtain the desired compounds with high yields and does not require any protective groups. This makes it very useful for the synthesis of labile compounds such as those containing the 7-methylguanosine ring. The structures of the synthesized compounds were confirmed by NMR spectroscopy. They were tested as potential substrates and inhibitors of several hydrolases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biophysics, Institute of Experimental Physics, Warsaw University, Zwirki i Wigury 93, Warsaw 02-089, Poland. jacekj@biogeo.uw.edu.pl
authors.forename: Jacek
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jemielity
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pietrowska-Borek
authors.forename: Elzbieta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Starzynska
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kowalska
authors.forename: Ryszard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Stolarski
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guranowski
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Darzynkiewicz
mesh_terms: D000227:Adenine Nucleotides / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D004164:Diphosphonates / Q000737:chemistry; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000201:enzymology; D006838:Hydrocarbons / Q000737:chemistry; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008697:Methane / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D008956:Models, Chemical; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry; D012315:RNA Caps / Q000737:chemistry; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D000227:Adenine Nucleotides; D004164:Diphosphonates; D006838:Hydrocarbons; D010710:Phosphates; D012315:RNA Caps; C017991:adenosine 5'-tetraphosphate; C030011:carbene; D008697:Methane