title: Informational masking release in children and adults.
abstract: This study assessed informational masking and utilization of cues to reduce that masking in children aged 4-9 years and in adults. The signal was a train of eight consecutive tone bursts, each at 1 kHz and 60 ms in duration. Maskers were comprised of a pair of synchronous tone-burst trains, with randomly chosen frequencies spanning 200-5000 Hz, with a protected region 851-1175 Hz. In the reference condition, maskers were eight bursts in duration, with a fixed frequency within intervals. Experiment 1 tested two monotic masking release conditions: within-interval randomization of masker burst frequency and the introduction of leading masker bursts. Experiment 2 examined masking release in which the signal was presented to one ear and masking components were presented to both ears (masker components in the contralateral ear were 10 dB higher than those in the ipsilateral ear). Both adults and children demonstrated a significant informational masking effect, with children showing a larger effect on average. Both groups also showed significant release from masking in the two monotic conditions, although children received somewhat less benefit from the masking release cues. The binaural condition supported a moderate release from informational masking in adults, but resulted in increased informational masking in children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology/Head and Neck Surgery, University of North Carolina School of Medicine, Chapel Hill, North Carolina 27599, USA. jwh@med.unc.edu
authors.forename: Joseph W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Buss
authors.forename: John H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Grose
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D000328:Adult; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D001301:Audiometry, Pure-Tone; D001309:Auditory Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003463:Cues; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007858:Learning / Q000502:physiology; D008144:Loudness Perception / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010470:Perceptual Masking / Q000502:physiology*