title: Expression of the licensing factors, Cdt1 and Geminin, in human colon cancer.
abstract: Licensing of chromatin for replication is an evolu-tionarily conserved step in the control of cell division and genomic integrity. Proteins that participate in licensing have been recently documented to denote the proliferative state of cells and they have been proposed as diagnostic and prognostic markers in human cancer. Cdt1 was recently discovered as an important licensing factor, that is inhibited by Geminin. In the present study we analyzed Cdt1 and Geminin expression in human colon cancer. We showed that Cdt1 protein is highly expressed in human neoplastic lesions of the colon while its cell-cycle phase-specific expression profile appears preserved during human carcinogenesis. Similarly, Geminin, Cdt1's inhibitor, is also overexpressed in colon carcinomas and its expression correlates with significant clinicopathological parameters of the disease. Moreover, both Cdt1 and Geminin expression are severely downregulated upon differentiation of Caco-2 cells, an in vitro model of intestinal epithelial differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy and Histology-Embryology, School of Medicine, University of Patras, 26500 Rio, Patras, Greece.
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bravou
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nishitani
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taraviras
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Varakis
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D064248:Geminin; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D041681:NIH 3T3 Cells; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging
chemical_list: C467199:CDT1 protein, human; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; C577995:GMNN protein, human; D064248:Geminin