title: Atmospheric concentrations and air-sea exchanges of nonylphenol, tertiary octylphenol and nonylphenol monoethoxylate in the North Sea.
abstract: Concentrations of nonylphenol isomers (NP), tertiary octylphenol (t-OP) and nonylphenol monoethoxylate isomers (NP1EO) have been simultaneously determined in the sea water and atmosphere of the North Sea. A decreasing concentration profile appeared following the distance increasing from the coast to the central part of the North Sea. Air-sea exchanges of t-OP and NP were estimated using the two-film resistance model based upon relative air-water concentrations and experimentally derived Henry's law constant. The average of air-sea exchange fluxes was -12+/-6 ng m(-2)day(-1) for t-OP and -39+/-19 ng m(-2)day(-1) for NP, which indicates a net deposition is occurring. These results suggest that the air-sea vapour exchange is an important process that intervenes in the mass balance of alkylphenols in the North Sea.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Coastal Research, GKSS Research Centre, Max-Planck-Street 1, D-21502 Geesthacht, Germany. zhiyong.xie@gkss.de
authors.forename: Zhiyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Soenke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lakaschus
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ebinghaus
authors.forename: Armando
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caba
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ruck
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005026:Ethylene Glycols / Q000032:analysis; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D005843:Geography; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009659:North Sea; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds / Q000032:analysis*; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis*; D012623:Seawater / Q000737:chemistry; D012996:Solutions; D018505:Waste Management; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000393:Air Pollutants; D005026:Ethylene Glycols; D009943:Organophosphorus Compounds; D010636:Phenols; D012996:Solutions; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C474055:octylphenol; C021754:terics; C025256:nonylphenol