title: Validity of a single-visit protocol to estimate the maximum lactate steady state.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The maximum lactate steady state (MLSS) represents the highest intensity of exercise at which a balance exists between the rate of lactate production and the rate of lactate clearance. The MLSS is an important determinant of endurance exercise performance but its determination, which involves 4-5 laboratory visits, is labor-intensive and time consuming.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the MLSS estimated from a single-visit protocol (MLSSsingle) with the traditional, directly measured MLSS (MLSStrad).
  
  
  METHODS
  Following an incremental treadmill test for the determination of VO2peak, eight endurance-trained runners completed: 1) a series of 4-5 constant-speed treadmill runs of up to 30-min duration, on separate days, for determination of the MLSStrad; and 2) a single-visit protocol consisting of two constant-speed treadmill runs of 20-min duration at approximately 65 and 90% VO2peak separated by 40 min of rest, for determination of MLSSsingle. Blood lactate concentration ([La]), oxygen uptake (VO2), and heart rate (HR) were measured every 5 min in all treadmill runs. Comparisons between values were made using paired t-tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The MLSSsingle significantly underestimated the MLSStrad with respect to speed (13.4 +/- 1.2 vs 16.4 +/- 1.6 km x h(-1), P = 0.002), HR (148 +/- 8 vs 170 +/- 10 b x min(-1), P < 0.001), blood [La] (2.3 +/- 1.5 vs 3.9 +/- 1.0 mmol x L(-1); P = 0.01), and % VO2peak utilized (75 +/- 8 vs 90 +/- 2%, P = 0.002). The MLSStrad speed and MLSSsingle speed were poorly correlated (r = 0.29, P = 0.49).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The single-visit method of determining the MLSS substantially underestimates the actual MLSS.
authors.affiliation: Division of Sport and Recreation, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, Auckland University of Technology, New Zealand. andrew.kilding@aut.ac.nz
authors.forename: Andrew E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Kilding
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid