title: Effects of total enteral nutrition supplemented with a multi-fibre mix on faecal short-chain fatty acids and microbiota.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Impaired bowel function is frequent in tube-fed patients, and diarrhoea is associated with decreased faecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) concentrations. The aim of this study was to compare the effects of a multi-fibre-enriched formula (15 g/l) and a fibre-free isoenergetic and isonitrogenous formula on faecal SCFAs and microbiota in long-term enteral nutrition (EN) patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen patients [11M/4F, aged 53 (40-73)] on total EN for 43 (1-310) months for dysphagia received a fibre-free formula for 7 days, followed in a random order by either the multi-fibre-enriched formula for 14 days and then the fibre-free formula for 14 days or vice versa. Stool samples were taken at the end of each period for measurement of SCFAs levels and different groups of bacteria. Results were compared with non-parametric tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After the multi fibre EN, there was a significant median increase in total faecal SCFAs (+84%), butyrate (+20%) and acetate (+147%) compared with baseline. A significant increase in the total number of bacteria as determined with the molecular method was found after the multi-fibre EN period compared with the fibre-free EN period. There were no concomitant changes in the dominant groups of intestinal bacteria.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In long-term EN patients, a polymeric enteral formula supplemented with a mixture of six fibres increases faecal SCFAs and total number of bacteria, which may contribute to an improved bowel function.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Clinical Nutrition, University Hospital, Nice, France. stephane.schneider@unice.fr
authors.forename: Stéphane M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Fernand
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Girard-Pipau
authors.forename: Rodolphe
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Anty
authors.forename: Esmeralda G M
authors.initials: EG
authors.lastname: van der Linde
authors.forename: Bertine J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Philipsen-Geerling
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Knol
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Filippi
authors.forename: Kamel
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arab
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Hébuterne
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D005526:Food, Formulated; D005527:Food, Fortified; D006801:Humans; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile