title: Predictors of use of complementary and alternative therapies among patients with cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine predictors of use of complementary and alternative medicine (CAM) therapies among patients with cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Secondary analysis of two federally funded panel studies.
  
  
  METHODS
  Urban and rural communities in the midwestern United States.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with lung, breast, colon, or prostate cancer (N = 968) were interviewed at two points in time. 97% received conventional cancer treatment, and 30% used CAM. The sample was divided evenly between men and women, who ranged in age from 28-98; the majority was older than 60.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from a patient self-administered questionnaire were used to determine CAM users. Responses indicated use of herbs and vitamins, spiritual healing, relaxation, massage, acupuncture, energy healing, hypnosis, therapeutic spas, lifestyle diets, audio or videotapes, medication wraps, and osteopathic, homeopathic, and chiropractic treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dependent variable for analysis was use or nonuse of any of the identified CAM therapies at time of interviews. Independent variables fell into the following categories: (a) predisposing (e.g., gender, age, race, education, marital status), (b) enabling (e.g., income, health insurance status, caregiver presence, geographic location), and (c) need (e.g., cancer stage, site, symptoms, treatment, perceived health need).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Significant predictors of CAM use were gender, marital status, cancer stage, cancer treatment, and number of severe symptoms experienced.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with cancer are using CAM while undergoing conventional cancer treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nurses need to assess for CAM use, advocate for protocols and guidelines for routine assessment, increase knowledge of CAM, and examine coordination of services between conventional medicine and CAM to maximize positive patient outcomes.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Michigan State University in East Lansing, USA. judif129@comcast.net
authors.forename: Judith M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Fouladbakhsh
authors.forename: Manfred
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stommel
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Given
authors.forename: Charles W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Given
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000529:Complementary Therapies / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status; D008495:Medical Oncology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008875:Middle Aged; D015146:Midwestern United States; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D017678:Sex Distribution