Immune surveillance of intracellular pathogens via autophagy.
MHC class II molecules are thought to present peptides derived from extracellular proteins to CD4+ T cells, which are important mediators of adaptive immunity to infections. In contrast, autophagy delivers constitutively cytosolic material for lysosomal degradation and has so far been recognized as an efficient mechanism of innate immunity against bacteria and viruses. Recent studies, however, link these two pathways and suggest that intracellular cytosolic and nuclear antigens are processed for MHC class II presentation after autophagy.
Schmid
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Laboratory of Viral Immunobiology, The Rockefeller University, New York, NY 10021, USA.
Münz
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D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation; D001343:Autophagy; D001693:Biological Transport, Active; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000502:physiology; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007157:Immunologic Surveillance; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000502:physiology; D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex / Q000502:physiology
D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; C477327:transporter associated with antigen processing (TAP); D046988:Proteasome Endopeptidase Complex