title: Affirmation of personal values buffers neuroendocrine and psychological stress responses.
abstract: Stress is implicated in the development and progression of a broad array of mental and physical health disorders. Theory and research on the self suggest that self-affirming activities may buffer these adverse effects. This study experimentally investigated whether affirmations of personal values attenuate physiological and psychological stress responses. Eighty-five participants completed either a value-affirmation task or a control task prior to participating in a laboratory stress challenge. Participants who affirmed their values had significantly lower cortisol responses to stress, compared with control participants. Dispositional self-resources (e.g., trait self-esteem and optimism) moderated the relation between value affirmation and psychological stress responses, such that participants who had high self-resources and had affirmed personal values reported the least stress. These findings suggest that reflecting on personal values can keep neuroendocrine and psychological responses to stress at low levels. Implications for research on the self, stress processes, health, and interventions are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, 90095, USA. creswell@ucla.edu
authors.forename: J David
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Creswell
authors.forename: William T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Welch
authors.forename: Shelley E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: David K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Sherman
authors.forename: Tara L
authors.initials: TL
authors.lastname: Gruenewald
authors.forename: Traci
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D012649:Self Concept; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D006854:Hydrocortisone