title: Antioxidant nutrient intake and supplements as potential moderators of cognitive decline and cardiovascular disease in obstructive sleep apnea.
abstract: Cognitive deficits and cardiovascular disease (CVD) are comorbid conditions frequently associated with obstructive sleep apnea (OSA). Oxygen free radical release and its differential regulation of cytokine synthesis and immune modulation resulting from OSA-related hypoxic events have been hypothesized as the underlying mechanism(s) for the cognitive deficits and CVD in OSA. A number of studies have suggested that increased levels of oxidative stress and/or antioxidant deficiencies may also be risk factors in cognitive decline and CVD. The influence of antioxidant nutrients and supplements, such as Vitamins B6, B12, C, E, folic acid, alpha-lipoic acid and Coenzyme Q(10) on cognitive decline and CVD have been investigated. The influence of antioxidant nutrients or supplements on OSA remains to be investigated. Even if dietary or supplemental antioxidants do not prove to be effective therapies for OSA, dietary assessment and prescription to increase dietary intake of neuro- and cardio-protective nutrients may make it possible to reduce some of the cognitive and cardiovascular sequelae associated with OSA.
authors.affiliation: College of Nursing, Arizona State University Southwest Borderlands, P.O. Box 872602, Tempe, AZ 85287-2602, USA. carol.baldwin@asu.edu
authors.forename: Carol M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Baldwin
authors.forename: Richard R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Bootzin
authors.forename: Dawn C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Schwenke
authors.forename: Stuart F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Quan
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015897:Comorbidity; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D020181:Sleep Apnea, Obstructive / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants