Effect of cruciferous vegetables on lung cancer in patients stratified by genetic status: a mendelian randomisation approach.
Whether consumption of cruciferous vegetables protects against lung cancer is unclear, largely because of potential confounding factors. We therefore studied the role of cruciferous vegetables in lung cancer after stratifying by GSTM1 and GSTT1 status, two genes implicated in the elimination of isothiocyanates, the likely chemopreventative compound. In 2141 cases and 2168 controls, weekly consumption of cruciferous vegetables protected against lung cancer in those who were GSTM1 null (odds ratio=0.67, 95% CI 0.49-0.91), GSTT1 null (0.63, 0.37-1.07), or both (0.28, 0.11-0.67). No protective effect was seen in people who were both GSTM1 and GSTT1 positive (0.88, 0.65-1.21). Similar protective results were noted for consumption of cabbage and a combination of broccoli and brussels sprouts. These data provide strong evidence for a substantial protective effect of cruciferous vegetable consumption on lung cancer.
Brennan
Paul
P
International Agency for Research on Cancer, Lyon, France. brennan@iarc.fr
Hsu
Charles C
CC
Moullan
Norman
N
Szeszenia-Dabrowska
Neonilia
N
Lissowska
Jolanta
J
Zaridze
David
D
Rudnai
Peter
P
Fabianova
Eleonora
E
Mates
Dana
D
Bencko
Vladimir
V
Foretova
Lenka
L
Janout
Vladimir
V
Gemignani
Federica
F
Chabrier
Amelie
A
Hall
Janet
J
Hung
Rayjean J
RJ
Boffetta
Paolo
P
Canzian
Federico
F
D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004032:Diet; D005060:Europe; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D015337:Multicenter Studies as Topic; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014675:Vegetables
D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1