title: Delayed, recurrent opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome responding to plasmapheresis.
abstract: Opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome is a distinct neurologic disorder characterized by opsoclonic eye movements, multifocal myoclonus, and ataxia, traditionally described as "dancing eyes, dancing feet." A presenting sign in 2% of children with neuroblastoma, it usually heralds a favorable prognosis for the tumor. Although opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome usually presents at initial diagnosis or relapse, there are reports of delayed presentation, usually a few months after diagnosis. This report describes a patient with ganglioneuroblastoma who developed recurrent symptoms of opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome 9 years after completing treatment, without evidence of recurrent tumor. Believed to be autoimmune in origin, opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome frequently responds to immunomodulatory therapies, such as steroids or intravenous immunoglobulin. This patient did not respond adequately to either agent, so plasmapheresis, a less commonly used modality in opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome, was attempted. His symptoms resolved after he received therapy with a combination of plasmapheresis and steroids over a 1-year period. After being slowly weaned off all therapy, he has been symptom-free now for over 3 years. Armstrong MB, Robertson PL, Castle VP. Delayed, recurrent opsoclonus-myoclonus syndrome responding to plasmapheresis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, USA.
authors.forename: Michael B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Armstrong
authors.forename: Patricia L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: Valerie P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Castle
mesh_terms: D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D020361:Paraneoplastic Syndromes, Nervous System / Q000628:therapy*; D010956:Plasmapheresis; D012008:Recurrence; D013256:Steroids / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D016756:Immunoglobulins, Intravenous; D013256:Steroids