title: Selective in vivo anti-inflammatory action of the galactolipid monogalactosyldiacylglycerol.
abstract: The thermophilic blue-green alga ETS-05 colonises the therapeutic thermal muds of Abano and Montegrotto, Italy. Following the isolation, purification and identification of monogalactosyldiacylglycerol (MGDG), digalactosyldiacylglycerol (DGDG), sulphoquinovosyldiacylglycerol (SQDG) and phosphatidylglycerol from ETS-05, we here examine their in vivo anti-inflammatory activities. MGDG, DGDG and SQDG inhibit croton-oil-induced ear oedema in the mouse in a dose-dependent manner. Inhibition by MGDG is greater than that of the reference drug, betamethasone 17,21-dipropionate, and is largely abrogated following acyl group saturation. SQDG is the least potent of these glycoglycerolipids, and shows an early transient effect. In the in vivo carrageenan-induced paw oedema model in the mouse, the inhibitory effects are again dose dependent, with an enhanced efficacy of MGDG over DGDG, SQDG and the reference drug, indomethacin. These compounds are all less toxic than indomethacin. The selective and enhanced inhibitory effects of MGDG over DGDG indicate the mechanisms behind these in vivo anti-inflammatory actions.
authors.affiliation: Unit of Animal Care and Experimental Models, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, Santa Maria Imbaro (CH), Italy. Bruno.Annalisa@dompe.it
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bruno
authors.forename: Cosmo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Gabriele
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marcolongo
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Lena
authors.forename: Alfonso
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Venzo
authors.forename: Christopher P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Berrie
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Corda
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002351:Carrageenan; D003436:Croton Oil; D000458:Cyanobacteria / Q000737:chemistry; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004423:Ear / Q000473:pathology; D004487:Edema / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D038983:Galactolipids / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000473:pathology; D007213:Indomethacin / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D038983:Galactolipids; C009909:monogalactosyldiacylglycerol; D003436:Croton Oil; D002351:Carrageenan; D007213:Indomethacin