title: Treatment of hepatitis C virus in HIV patients: a review.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Survival in HIV infection has improved dramatically in the last decade due to antiretroviral therapy (ART). Due to shared routes of transmission, HCV is found in approximately 30% of HIV infected patients. HCV infection has emerged as a major issue in this population as manifest by a major increase in liver-related mortality. ART-associated hepatotoxicity has been demonstrated to occur more frequently in co-infected individuals and may be severe or fatal in some instances. Thus treatment of HCV has become a priority in HIV infected individuals.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The main aims of this review are to summarise and illustrate the current evidence based management of anti-HCV therapy in HIV-infected patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A systematic review of the literature was performed using Pubmed and Medline searches.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  All HIV-infected patients should be screened for HCV infection via anti-HCV antibody and HCV RNA polymerase chain reaction. If HCV infection is present, treatment should be considered in those patients with evidence of liver inflammation and fibrosis. Recent studies have demonstrated the safety and efficacy of anti-HCV therapy in HIV-infected individuals with pegylated interferon and ribavirin combination therapy. HCV genotype is predictive of response to therapy and increasing the duration of therapy to 48 weeks has proven to be more effective in patients with genotypes 2 and 3. HCV treatment with interferon based therapy is associated with many unique side effects and toxicities in this population of which the clinician must be aware.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, New York, NY 10029, USA. nick.kontorinis@health.wa.gov.au
authors.forename: Nickolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kontorinis
authors.forename: Kaushik
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.forename: Douglas T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Dieterich
mesh_terms: D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications*; D006526:Hepatitis C / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012254:Ribavirin / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D012254:Ribavirin; C417083:peginterferon alfa-2b; C100416:peginterferon alfa-2a