Cancer and thrombosis.
Cancer is frequently complicated by thrombosis, which may even be the first sign of an unrecognized cancer. There are several risk factors for cancer-associated thrombosis, such as type of malignancy, the presence of metastatic disease, and the use of chemotherapy. In most patients with cancer, a procoagulant state can be identified, ranging from subclinical laboratory abnormalities to full-blown disseminated intravascular coagulation. A specific entity is the occurrence of thrombotic microangiopathy that is specifically related to (high-dose) chemotherapy and radiotherapy. The pathogenetic pathways that play a role in the cancer-associated coagulopathy have been identified in recent years.
Levi
Marcel
M
University of Amsterdam and Department of Medicine, Academic Medical Center, 1105 AZ Amsterdam, The Netherlands. m.m.levi@amc.uva.nl
D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D004211:Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006463:Hemolytic-Uremic Syndrome / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D009382:Neoplasms, Unknown Primary / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis; D015995:Prevalence; D011697:Purpura, Thrombotic Thrombocytopenic / Q000209:etiology; D011878:Radiotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects; D013923:Thromboembolism / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D019851:Thrombophilia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control
D000925:Anticoagulants; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; C030910:cancer procoagulant