title: Measurement of thirteen biological markers in CSF of patients with Alzheimer's disease and other dementias.
abstract: Cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) biological markers may be of valuable help in the diagnosis of dementia. The aim of the present study was to evaluate CSF levels of 13 potential biomarkers in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), frontotemporal lobe dementia, alcohol dementia, major depression and control patients without any neuropsychiatric disease. The study was performed using beta-amyloid 1-42 (Abeta42), total tau and phosphorylated tau-181 (P-tau181) as core markers. The ratio P-tau181/Abeta42 could significantly distinguish AD patients from all other diagnostic subgroups. CSF levels of 5 growth factors (HGF, GDNF, VEGF, BDNF, FGF-2) and 3 cytokines/chemokines (TNF-alpha, TGF-beta1, MIP-1alpha) did not significantly differentiate between the studied groups. However, depending on the degree of neurodegeneration (as expressed by the ratio P-tau181/Abeta42), patients with AD displayed significantly increased CSF levels of nerve growth factor (NGF) as compared to healthy controls. CSF levels of monocyte chemoattractant protein 1 (MCP-1) were found to be significantly increased with age in all groups but did not distinguish AD patients from healthy controls. The results confirmed the suitability of the ratio P-tau181/Abeta42 for the diagnosis of AD, while CSF levels of NGF and MCP-1 are less specific and reliable for AD. It is suggested that the increase in NGF depends on the extent of neurodegeneration of the AD type and the increase in MCP-1 on age.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Innsbruck Medical University, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Imrich
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Blasko
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Lederer
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oberbauer
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Walch
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kemmler
authors.forename: Hartmann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hinterhuber
authors.forename: Josef
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marksteiner
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Humpel
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000425:Alcohol Amnestic Disorder / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D018925:Chemokines / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D016207:Cytokines / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D003704:Dementia / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000175:diagnosis; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D006801:Humans; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012016:Reference Values; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D015415:Biomarkers; D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines; D006133:Growth Substances; D010446:Peptide Fragments; C075222:amyloid beta-protein (1-42); D016875:tau Proteins