title: Influence of HLA-DR genes on the production of rheumatoid arthritis-specific autoantibodies to citrullinated fibrinogen.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Antibodies directed against citrullinated fibrinogen are highly specific for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). This study was undertaken to test whether RA-associated HLA-DR alleles are associated with anti-citrullinated fibrinogen in RA patient sera and whether replacement of arginyl by citrullyl residues on fibrinogen peptides modifies their binding to HLA-DR molecules and their recognition by T cells.
  
  
  METHODS
  Antikeratin, antifilaggrin, and anti-citrullinated fibrinogen antibodies were assayed in RA patients who had undergone HLA-DR typing. Direct assays were performed to investigate binding of citrullinated or native fibrinogen peptides (encompassing the entire alpha- and beta-chains of fibrinogen) to purified HLA-DR molecules. T cell proliferative responses to citrullinated or native fibrinogen peptides were measured in RA patients and controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HLA-DRB1*0404 was associated with anti-citrullinated fibrinogen in RA sera (P = 0.002). For the RA-associated alleles HLA-DRB1*0401 and HLA-DR1, there was a nonsignificant trend toward association (P = 0.07). Multiple peptides from the alpha- and beta-chains of fibrinogen bound many HLA-DR alleles; DRB1*0404 was the best fibrinogen peptide binder. Citrullination did not influence fibrinogen peptide binding to HLA-DR or fibrinogen peptide recognition by T cells. Peripheral blood T cells that recognized native or citrullinated fibrinogen peptides were common in RA patients but not in healthy controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The RA-associated HLA-DRB1*0404 allele is also associated with production of antibodies to citrullinated fibrinogen. DRB1*0401 and DRB1*01 tend to be associated with anti-citrullinated fibrinogen, but this is not statistically significant. Citrullination of fibrinogen peptide does not influence peptide-DR-T cell interaction. Finally, T cell proliferation in response to citrullinated or uncitrullinated fibrinogen peptides is frequent in RA patients and very infrequent in controls.
authors.affiliation: INSERM UMR 639, La Conception Hospital, Faculté de Médecine, 27 Boulevard Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Auger
authors.forename: Mireille
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sebbag
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Balandraud
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guis
authors.forename: Leonor
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nogueira
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Svensson
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cantagrel
authors.forename: Guy
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Serre
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roudier
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001120:Arginine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology* / Q000494:pharmacology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D010456:Peptides, Cyclic; C487763:cyclic citrullinated peptide; D001120:Arginine