title: A longitudinal study on the relationship between shift work and the progression of hypertension in male Japanese workers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this 1991-2001 cohort study of 6495 male workers in a Japanese steel company, we investigated whether shift work affects progression from mild hypertension to severe hypertension.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Participants had mild hypertension at entry into the study with systolic blood pressure of 140-159 mmHg or diastolic blood pressure of 90-99 mmHg or both before treatment. In summary, 2911-2941 workers were included for each endpoint. Pooled logistic regression analysis was performed to adjust for the effect of contributing factors and annual variations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Either severe hypertension (systolic blood pressure >or= 160 mmHg and/or diastolic blood pressure >or= 100 mmHg), severe systolic hypertension (systolic blood pressure >or= 160 mmHg) or severe diastolic hypertension (diastolic blood pressure >or= 100 mmHg) was defined as a different endpoint of observation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Job schedule was significantly associated with progression from mild hypertension to severe hypertension and severe diastolic hypertension. The odds ratios of shift workers compared with regular day workers were 1.23 (95% confidence interval: 1.05-1.44) and 1.28 (95% confidence interval: 1.07-1.52) for severe hypertension and severe diastolic hypertension, respectively. Age, body mass index, creatinine, gamma-glutamyl transpeptidase, and glycosylated hemoglobin A1c were also significantly associated with severe hypertension, severe systolic hypertension and severe diastolic hypertension.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study revealed that shift work is a significant and independent risk factor for the progression of hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Graduate School of Medicine, Chiba University, Chiba bHealth Care Center, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oishi
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suwazono
authors.forename: Kouichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakata
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okubo
authors.forename: Hideto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Etsuko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Mirei
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Uetani
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nogawa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007564:Japan; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016272:Occupational Health; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D014940:Work Schedule Tolerance / Q000502:physiology*; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase