title: Up-regulation of defense enzymes is responsible for low reactive oxygen species in malignant prostate cancer cells.
abstract: Reactive oxygen species (ROS) are involved in a diversity of important phenomena in the process of tumor development. To investigate the alterations of oxidative stress and their related systems in tumor progression, a variety of components in the antioxidative stress defense system were examined in prostate cancer cell lines, PC3 and LNCaP. Cell surface molecules involved in metastasis were expressed highly in PC3 cells compared with LNCaP cells, and strong invasion ability was shown in PC3 cells only. ROS level in LNCaP cells was twice higher than that in PC3 cells, although nitric oxide (NO) level was similar between the two cell lines. The content of GSH increased up to about 2-fold in PC3 compared with LNCaP. Activities of glutathione reductase, thioredoxin reductase, and glutathione S-transferase except catalase are significantly higher in PC3 cells than in LNCaP cells. Furthermore, oxidative stress-inducing agents caused down-regulation of GSH and glutathione S-transferase much more significantly in LNCaP cells than in PC3 cells. These results imply that malignant tumor cells may maintain low ROS content by preserving relatively high anti-oxidative capacity, even in the presence of stressful agents.
authors.affiliation: Division of Life Sciences, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon 200-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Hye Won
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Suntaek
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Wook
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Seunghwan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Su Jung
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Hyun Jung
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Eun Hee
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kisup
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ahn
authors.forename: Chang Jin
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Lim
mesh_terms: D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase / Q000378:metabolism; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D013880:Thioredoxin-Disulfide Reductase