title: Natural compounds,fraxin and chemicals structurally related to fraxin protect cells from oxidative stress.
abstract: Coumarins comprise a group of natural phenolic compounds found in a variety of plant sources. In view of the established low toxicity, relative cheapness, presence in the diet and occurrence in various herbal remedies of coumarins, it appears prudent to evaluate their properties and applications further. The purpose of this study is to investigate cellular protective activity of coumarin compound, fraxin extracted from Weigela florida var. glabbra, under oxidative stress, to identify genes expressed differentially by fraxin and to compare antioxidative effect of fraxin with its structurally related chemicals. Of the coumarins, protective effects of fraxin against cytotoxicity induced by H2O2 were examined in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Fraxin showed free radical scavenging effect at high concentration (0.5 mM) and cell protective effect against H2O2-mediated oxidative stress. Fraxin recovered viability of HUVECs damaged by H2O2-treatment and reduced the lipid peroxidation and the internal reactive oxygen species level elevated by H2O2 treatment. Differential display reverse transcription-PCR revealed that fraxin upregulated antiapoptotic genes (clusterin and apoptosis inhibitor 5) and tumor suppressor gene (ST13). Based on structural similarity comparing with fraxin, seven chemicals, fraxidin methyl ether (29.4% enhancement of viability), prenyletin (26.4%), methoxsalen (20.8%), diffratic acid (19.9%), rutoside (19.1%), xanthyletin (18.4%), and kuhlmannin (18.2%), enhanced more potent cell viability in the order in comparison with fraxin, which showed only 9.3% enhancement of cell viability. These results suggest that fraxin and fraxin-related chemicals protect HUVECs from oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, 221, Heukseok-dong, Dongjak-gu, Seoul 156-861, Korea.
authors.forename: Wan Kyunn
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Whang
authors.forename: Hyung Soon
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: InHye
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ham
authors.forename: Mihyun
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Namkoong
authors.forename: Hyun Kee
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dong Whi
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Soo Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Hur
authors.forename: Tae Eung
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yong Gyu
authors.initials: YG
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jae Ryong
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jin Woo
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003374:Coumarins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000187:drug effects; D015394:Molecular Structure; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003374:Coumarins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; C080614:fraxin