title: [Applied anatomic investigation of phalloplasty ].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the anatomy of penis and its adjacent organ for phalloplasty.
  
  
  METHODS
  Anatomic dissection of penis and perineum was performed on 30 adult male cadavers (60 sides). Observation and measurement were focused on the penile length of different parts, the morphological relationship of infundibular ligament and suspensory ligament with penile radix, and the feature of crus penis with relation to the deep penile artery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The average length of the penile shaft was 8.13 cm, the penile radix was 7.67 cm and the crus penis was 5.96 - 5.98 cm. The deep penile artery penetrated into the crus penis at its middle 1/3. The infundibular ligament attached to superficial fascia of the penis and extended downward to the scrotal septum to constitute the suspensory structure for both of them. The suspensory ligament attached to the dorsal deep fascia of the penis. Becoming thicker, the rear part of the suspensory ligament connected firmly to the pubic arcuate ligament to constitute a part of suspensory mechanism for the urethra. There was a part of cavernous body, which was free from either ligament or bony attachment, between the penile radix and the crus penis, where the dorsal artery and nerve of penis turned around from the ventral to the dorsal aspect of the penis and the penile dorsal vain penetrated the urogenital septum, draining into intrapelvic venous plexus.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The divisional measurement of the penis length, the recognition of the suspensory ligaments and the anatomic feature of the crus penis with relation to the deep penile artery are all of significant importance to improve the operation of phalloplasty.
authors.affiliation: Department of Genital Surgery, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen 518036, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Yong-Yan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Dao-Chao
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Hou-Ren
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Guang-Qian
authors.initials: GQ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hu-Zeng
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhi-Ming
authors.initials: ZM
authors.lastname: Cai
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010413:Penis / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D010502:Perineum / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods; D055815:Young Adult