title: [Nicotine replacement therapies during pregnancy: what do we know about the balance between benefits and risks?].
abstract: Maternal smoking during pregnancy induces obstetrical and fetal complications but also has an impact on newborns, infants, children and adults. Nicotine replacement therapies are authorized during pregnancy in France, the purpose being to reduce fetal exposure to toxic compounds in tobacco smoke. However, it is not proven that nicotine replacement therapy is harmless to the fetus and to date, no study has demonstrated any beneficial effect in terms of abstinence. It is suggested that benefit and risks of nicotine replacement therapies during pregnancy should be evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Service de Pharmacologie, Groupe Hospitalier Universitaire Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Heilbronner
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Berlin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D009538:Nicotine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018722:Nicotinic Agonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000139:chemically induced*; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018722:Nicotinic Agonists; D009538:Nicotine