title: Effects of aerobic training on gene expression in skeletal muscle of elderly men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the effect of 3 months of training on global gene expression in skeletal muscle of healthy elderly men in order to better characterize the pathways that differentiate the trained from the sedentary state.
  
  
  METHODS
  Needle biopsies were obtained from the vastus lateralis of six healthy, sedentary, 68.0 +/- 2.7-yr-old males, before and after 3 months of training at 80% of maximal capacity, that improved peak O2 uptake by 17.8 +/- 4.0% (P = 0.009). RNA extracted from the samples was hybridized to Affymetrix U133A Genechip arrays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, training modified the expression of 397 out of 14,500 genes tested. In the trained state, the expression of genes linked with energy metabolism, protein amino acid dephosphorylation, and heme biosynthesis increased, whereas those linked with ribosome and protein catabolism decreased.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This set of 397 genes that includes the upregulated energy pathways and the downregulated protein catabolism genes represents the transcriptional response of the skeletal muscle in the trained state. It is highly likely that many of these genes are mediators of the beneficial effects of physical activity on health and fitness.
authors.affiliation: Pulmonary Institute, Tel Hashomer, Israel.
authors.forename: Shlomit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Radom-Aizik
authors.forename: Shlomo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayek
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Shahar
authors.forename: Gideon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rechavi
authors.forename: Naftali
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kaminski
authors.forename: Issahar
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ben-Dov
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000502:physiology; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction