title: Protein phosphatase-1 inhibitor-3 is co-localized to the nucleoli and centrosomes with PP1gamma1 and PP1alpha, respectively.
abstract: In this study, we show that protein phosphatase-1 (PP1) inhibitor-3 (Inh3) is localized to the nucleoli and centrosomes in interphase HEK 293 cells. Inh3 exhibited a specific co-localization to the nucleoli with PP1gamma1, and to the centrosomes with PP1alpha. These findings indicate that Inh3 may act as a modulator of PP1 functions in the processes of cytokinesis, as well as of nucleolar events. The specificity of the interaction of Inh3 with the PP1 isoforms was also demonstrated in vitro, where Inh3 co-immunoprecipitated with PP1alpha and PP1gamma1, but not with PP1beta. The nuclear localization signal of Inh3 was identified as a N-terminal basic cluster (33RKRK36), while nucleolar localization was shown to be dependent on a C-terminal basic cluster (94HRKGRRR100). The importance of the individual basic residues was quantitatively assessed by site-directed mutagenesis and a novel use of laser scanning cytometry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, New York Medical College, Valhalla, NY 10595, USA.
authors.forename: Hua-Shan
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Piotr
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pozarowski
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Zbigniew
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Darzynkiewicz
authors.forename: Ernest Y C
authors.initials: EY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D001665:Binding Sites; D002460:Cell Line; D002466:Cell Nucleolus / Q000378:metabolism*; D018385:Centrosome / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism*; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000378:metabolism; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D010749:Phosphoprotein Phosphatases; D054645:Protein Phosphatase 1