title: Smoking may cause genetic alterations at 5q22.2 approximately q23.1 in clear-cell renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between allelic imbalance (AI) on chromosome 5q and clinico-pathologic parameters, including cigarette smoking. We examined the AI on chromosome 5q in 119 clear-cell renal cell carcinomas (CRCC) by a fluorescent polymerase chain reaction technique using nine microsatellite markers. AI of one or more loci was found in 43 cases (36.1%). The most frequent AI was observed at chromosome 5q23.1 (D5S467), where the LOX gene is located. The minimally involved region ranged from 5q22.1 to 5q23.2, with a possible breakpoint between 5q22 and 5q22.1. Regarding the relationships between the frequency of AI and the clinico-pathologic and environmental backgrounds, smokers had a significantly higher frequency of AI of 5q22.2 approximately q22.3 (D5S471) than nonsmokers (P = 0.013). No other significant associations were found between AI of specific loci and other parameters. Our results suggest that AI at 5q plays an important role in the genesis of CRCC. In addition, smoking may cause genetic alterations at 5q22.2 approximately q23.1, where the LOX gene is located.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshihito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Korenaga
authors.forename: Hideyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsuyama
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hirata
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nagao
authors.forename: Chietaka
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ohmi
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakano
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshihiro
authors.forename: Katsusuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Naito
mesh_terms: D018262:Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001483:Base Sequence; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D002895:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 5; D017931:DNA Primers; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D012907:Smoking / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D005819:Genetic Markers