title: Formation of functional neovagina with vertical rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (VRAM) flap after total pelvic exenteration.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pelvic exenteration may be the only curative option for women with recurrent pelvic malignancies. After total pelvic exenteration, the resultant perineal defect heals slowly if left to do so by secondary intention. Reconstruction with the vertical rectus abdominis musculocutaneous (VRAM) flap brings a generous bulk of healthy tissue into the defect, speeding recovery by facilitating primary healing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six women underwent reconstruction of a neovagina using a vertical rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap. All 6 had total pelvic exenteration for advanced gynecologic malignancy. Primary diagnosis was cervical carcinoma (n = 3), vulvar carcinoma (n = 1), nonsmall cell vaginal cancer (n = 1), and vaginal melanoma (n = 1). Four patients had received adjuvant radiotherapy preoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All flaps remained 100% viable postoperatively. There were no cases of fistula, infection, or bowel obstruction. Two patients died of cardiovascular arrest postoperatively. The 4 other patients report satisfaction with reconstruction. Three had vaginal intercourse with orgasm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The inferiorly based vertical rectus abdominis musculocutaneous flap is a dependable source of tissue for pelvic reconstruction and is the flap of choice in the Division of Plastic Surgery. In addition to facilitating healing, the VRAM flap (neovagina) improves a woman's psychosocial well-being.
authors.affiliation: Division of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine/Jackson Memorial Hospital, Miami, Florida 33136, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: O'Connell
authors.forename: Ramin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mirhashemi
authors.forename: Noor
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kassira
authors.forename: Nicholas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lambrou
authors.forename: W Scott
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: McDonald
mesh_terms: D002277:Carcinoma / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010385:Pelvic Exenteration / Q000379:methods*; D010388:Pelvis / Q000601:surgery*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D017568:Rectus Abdominis / Q000637:transplantation*; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*