title: [The etiological study, diagnose and therapy of hand special chronic infections in littoral area].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the etiological factors of hand special chronic infections and their relationship with tuberculosis, and to give evidence for clinical diagnosis as well as treatments.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 2002 to 2004 pathologic inspection, acid-fast stain, bacterial cultication, mycobacterial cultivation were performed in all 29 cases of hand special chronic infections.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All cases showed granulomatous lesions in pathological appearance, 2 positive in acid-fast stain, 12 positive in bacteria cultivation, and 1 nocardiosis, 1 staphylococcus epidermidis, 7 M.marinum, 1 M.tuberculosis, 1 M.fortuitum, 1 M.kansasii.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Non-tuberculo-mycobacterium (NTM) especially M.marinum are far more important as the major factor than tuberculosis and other bacterial in hand special chronic infections. Bacteria cultivation should be routine examined for all cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hand Surgery, Sixth Hospital, Ningbo 315040, China. nblyzww@21cn.com
authors.forename: Wei-wen
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xue-yuan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiao-feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Li-ming
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Qing-shan
authors.initials: QS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: De-song
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006229:Hand Dermatoses / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D019910:Mycobacterium marinum; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014382:Tuberculosis, Cutaneous / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy