title: How many infective viral particles are necessary for successful mass measles immunization by aerosol?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study characterized the performance of the "Classical Mexican Device", which immunized 4 million children against measles, demonstrating the efficacy of aerosol vaccination.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using plaque-forming units to quantify virus, the particle size distribution (Next Generation Pharmaceutical Impactor) and rate of output coupled with age specific patterns of breathing allowed the calculation of expected pulmonary deposition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The estimated immunization dose for infants was 30 pfu's, for small children 50, and for older children and adolescents it was 130 and 225, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These performance characteristics can be used to develop newer battery operable devices that are licensable.
authors.affiliation: Division of Respiratory Medicine, Lung Biology Programme, Research Institute-Hospital for Sick Children, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ont., Canada.
authors.forename: Allan L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Coates
authors.forename: Graham
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tipples
authors.forename: Kitty
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Leung
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: Emily
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Louca
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000336:Aerosols; D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008168:Lung / Q000821:virology; D032541:Mass Vaccination; D008458:Measles Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000276:immunology; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D010316:Particle Size; D014709:Vero Cells; D014771:Virion / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D008458:Measles Vaccine