title: An unusual spinal arachnoiditis.
abstract: Cryptococcal spinal arachnoiditis occurs in patients with meningitis and usually when they are immunocompromised. Spinal symptoms in cryptococcosis are rare and a very exceptional entity in the immunocompetent population. We present a young immunocompetent male who developed progressively increasing paraparesis due to primary cryptococcal arachnoiditis, who showed significant improvement after antifungal therapy. Although extremely rare, spinal arachnoiditis in an immunocompetent individual can be caused due to cryptococcus, as in our case. This case illustrates and emphasizes the necessity for an exhaustive and complete investigation, with a high index of suspicion for fungal etiology in patients presenting with spinal arachnoiditis or other disabling, progressive spinal cord syndromes of unknown etiology. Awareness of this presentation is necessary to avoid delay in diagnosis and management of this potentially curable condition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Sir Ganga Ram Hospital, New Delhi, India.
authors.forename: Abhishek
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.forename: Anushree
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.forename: Chandrashekhar
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Agrawal
authors.forename: Anshu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rohtagi
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001100:Arachnoiditis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D001706:Biopsy; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000382:microbiology; D003453:Cryptococcosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000302:isolation & purification; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006099:Granuloma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D012447:Sacrum / Q000473:pathology; D013122:Spinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D014399:Tuberculosis, Spinal / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D000666:Amphotericin B