title: Biliary dyskinesia: the most common indication for cholecystectomy in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study is to examine the current indications for cholecystectomy in children and to evaluate the results after such surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis of 107 consecutive cholecystectomies performed in children at the Children's Hospital of Illinois between October 1998 and September 2003. Hospital medical charts and outpatient clinic charts were reviewed. Patients' families were contacted by telephone to obtain longer-term follow-up. Results were analyzed with SPSS 12.0 for Windows (SPSS Inc, Chicago, Ill).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Biliary dyskinesia (BD) was the indication for surgery for 62 (58%) of the 107 children who underwent cholecystectomy during the study period. Gallbladder calculus (GC) disease was the next most common indication with 29 (27%) children. The duration of symptoms was longer for BD. The most common presenting symptom in both groups was abdominal pain. Food intolerance was reported by 45% of patients with BD, significantly higher than patients with GC. Mean length of stay after cholecystectomy was 17 hours and 45 hours for BD and GC, respectively. Short-term follow-up showed relief or improvement of symptoms in 85% of children with BD and in 97% with GC. There were no deaths. Two (1.9%) children of the total of 107 developed complications; both had intra-abdominal abscesses. Most patients had complete or considerable long-term improvement in symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Biliary dyskinesia was the most common indication for cholecystectomy in children in our study. More than half of the surgeries were performed on an outpatient basis. Morbidity was minimal and mortality was zero. We had satisfactory short- and long-term symptom resolution with long-term patient satisfaction reaching 95%.
authors.affiliation: University of Illinois College of Medicine at Peoria, USA. vegunta@uic.edu
authors.forename: Ravindra K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Vegunta
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raso
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pollock
authors.forename: Sudipta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Misra
authors.forename: Lizabeth J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Wallace
authors.forename: Adalberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: Richard H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Pearl
mesh_terms: D018784:Abdominal Abscess / Q000209:etiology; D015746:Abdominal Pain / Q000209:etiology; D000293:Adolescent; D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001657:Biliary Dyskinesia / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002763:Cholecystectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000150:complications; D042882:Gallstones / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome