title: Implantation of perichondrium-derived chondrocytes in physeal defects of rabbit tibiae.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Various cells and scaffolds have been used experimentally as interposition materials after physeal bar resection to treat partial physeal growth arrest. However, results of these cell therapies are unpredictable.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the chondrogenic differentiation of rabbit perichondrial cells in vitro. We also investigated radiographic and histological changes after implantation of the perichondrium-derived chondrocytes, embedded in fibrin beads, into defects created in the medial aspect of the proximal tibial physis of 26 8-week-old New Zealand White rabbits. Physeal defects of the contralateral tibiae were left intact without any treatment, or were treated with fibrin beads not containing cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The perichondrial cells cultured in the alginate- fibrin beads were positive in immunohistochemical staining for S-100 protein and the extracellular area was stained with Safranin-O. RNase protection assay showed that the expression of type II collagen and aggrecan continued In the cell and bead-treated tibiae, varus deformity was reduced significantly and tibial length was maintained longer than that of the contralateral tibia. Histologically, cartilage clusters of varying size with intervening micro-bony trabeculae were found in the cell and bead-treated tibiae. The lateral, remaining physis in the untreated tibiae showed altered histology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Implantation of fibrin beads containing perichondrium-derived chondrocytes into the physeal defect helps to prevent angular deformation and shortening of long bone, but not completely. Physeal bony bar formation adversely affects the growth of the remaining physis from early stages onward.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Won Joon
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: In Ho
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Chin Youb
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Tae-Joon
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: In-One
authors.initials: IO
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chong Jai
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000637:transplantation*; D005337:Fibrin / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D010012:Osteogenesis; D011817:Rabbits; D013977:Tibia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D005337:Fibrin