title: Stent-related ureteric obstruction in paediatric renal transplantation.
abstract: The rates of ureteric obstruction and complications for use of externally draining uretero-vesico-cutaneous (external) stents (Group 1: n=39) and the use of internal uretero-vesical (double-J) stents (Group 2: n=16), in 55 of 64 consecutive paediatric renal-transplant recipients, performed at our institution between January 1996 and December 2003, have been compared. Serum creatinine levels pre and post-operatively and pre and post-stent removal were recorded. The diagnosis of ureteric obstruction was based on an increase in serum creatinine of >or=20%, in conjunction with ultrasound evidence of hydronephrosis or hydroureter, where other causes of renal dysfunction were excluded. Ureteric obstruction occurred in 13 of the 39 patients (33.3%) in Group 1, compared with only one case of ureteric obstruction in the 16 patients (6.25%) in Group 2 (OR=7.5, 95% CI=0.8-70, P=0.038). There was no evidence of a difference in the number of urinary tract infections (9/39 in Group 1, 6/16 in Group 2, OR=0.5, 95% CI=0.14 to 1.8, P=0.275) or the mean length of hospital stay (10.9 days in Group 1, 10.1 days in Group 2, 95% CI=-2.3 to 4 days, P=0.565) between the two groups. Glomerular filtration rate (GFR) improved in the week after stent removal in Group 2, but deteriorated in Group 1 (P=0.07). This non-randomised comparison of stent types supports the use of prophylactic double-J stents in paediatric renal transplantation- in terms of decreased ureteric complications and improved renal function post-stent removal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, The Royal Children's Hospital, Flemington Road, 3052, Parkville, Melbourne, VIC, Australia. kate.simpson@mcri.edu.au
authors.forename: Catherine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: Jonathan A C
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Sterne
authors.forename: Rowan G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: David M A
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Francis
authors.forename: Amanda J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Robertson
authors.forename: Colin L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007668:Kidney / Q000502:physiology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015607:Stents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000209:etiology*