title: [Infectious pulmonary complications in HIV-infected patients in the high by active antiretroviral therapy era in Spain].
abstract: Pulmonary complications in HIV-infected patients are at present a first-rate problem. They are the main cause of hospital admission of these patients in our country. Most HIV-patients have a pulmonary complication during the evolution of the infection. The main etiologic diagnosis is bacterial pneumonia, especially pneumococcal pneumonia; the second most frequent cause is Pneumocystis jiroveci (previously named P. carinii) pneumonia and the third cause is mycobacteriosis, particularly Mycobacterium tuberculosis. From early studies, important changes in the epidemiology of HIV-related pulmonary complications have occurred. General prescription of P. jiroveci primary prophylaxis is probably one of the main causes, and, more recently, the use of highly active antiretroviral therapy may also be an underlying explanation. In this review, epidemiology, diagnosis and outcome of HIV-related pulmonary complications in our country are update.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Hospital Clínic de Barcelona, IDIBAPS, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Natividad
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Benito Hernández
authors.forename: Asunción
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Moreno Camacho
authors.forename: José María
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gatell Artigas
mesh_terms: D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D013030:Spain; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*