Deliberate self-harm in older people revisited.
BACKGROUND
Deliberate self harm (DSH) in later life is under researched and is believed to be related to both mental illness and suicide.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of the study was to examine deliberate self-harm (DSH) in older people presenting to acute hospital services over three years.


METHODS
This was a retrospective observational study. We reviewed 97 episodes of DSH involving 82 patients aged 65 and over referred to the Liaison Psychiatric Service of the Tees and North East Yorkshire NHS Trust South Locality from 2000 to 2002.


RESULTS
There was a year on year increase in the number of older people presenting with DSH, especially in men. Twenty-one percent of older men had no discernible psychiatric diagnosis. There were a small number of people who repeated DSH within a year and males were as likely to be repeaters as females. Twenty-three percent of all patients saw a General Practitioner (GP) in the 7 days before the episode of DSH and this increased to 58% in the 4 weeks preceding the episode of DSH. More males (56%) than females (26%) who presented with DSH were married. The most common method of DSH (93%) was medication overdose of which 66% used prescribed medication. There was no difference in the methods used to self-harm between men or women.


CONCLUSIONS
DSH in the elderly may start to mirror some of the characteristics seen in younger adults with DSH. While the numbers of DSH per year are small among the elderly compared to younger adults, the observations suggest an increase in DSH in men. Marriage may no longer be a protective factor in prevention of DSH among older men. Longer-term observational studies of DSH in older people are required to confirm these changing patterns. GPs may have an important role to play in prevention of DSH in later life.
Lamprecht
H C
HC
Old Age Psychiatry, Newcastle General Hospital Newcastle upon Tyne, UK. hclamprecht@hotmail.com
Pakrasi
S
S
Gash
A
A
Swann
A G
AG
D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000523:psychology; D002908:Chronic Disease / Q000523:psychology; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000523:psychology; D062787:Drug Overdose / Q000523:psychology; D004739:England; D005194:Family Practice / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017533:Marital Status; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000523:psychology; D009819:Office Visits / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010146:Pain / Q000523:psychology; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016728:Self-Injurious Behavior / Q000209:etiology*; D012737:Sex Factors; D013406:Suicide, Attempted / Q000523:psychology