title: Sleep deprivation suppresses neurogenesis in the adult hippocampus of rats.
abstract: We reported previously that 96 h of sleep deprivation (SD) reduced cell proliferation in the dentate gyrus (DG) of the hippocampus in adult rats. We now report that SD reduces the number of new cells expressing a mature neuronal marker, neuronal nuclear antigen (NeuN). Rats were sleep-deprived for 96 h, using an intermittent treadmill system. Total sleep time was reduced to 6.9% by this method in SD animals, but total treadmill movement was equated in SD and treadmill control (CT) groups. Rats were allowed to survive for 3 weeks after 5-bromo-2-deoxyuridine (BrdU) injection. The phenotype of BrdU-positive cells in the DG was assessed by immunofluorescence and confocal microscopy. After 3 weeks the number of BrdU-positive cells was reduced by 39.6% in the SD group compared with the CT. The percentage of cells that co-localized BrdU and NeuN was also lower in the SD group (SD: 46.6 +/- 1.8% vs. CT: 71.9 +/- 2.1, P < 0.001). The percentages of BrdU-labeled cells co-expressing markers of immature neuronal (DCX) or glial (S100-beta) cells were not different in SD and CT groups. Thus, SD reduces neurogenesis in the DG by affecting both total proliferation and the percentage of cells expressing a mature neuronal phenotype. We hypothesize that sleep provides anabolic or signaling support for proliferation and cell fate determination.
authors.affiliation: Research Service, V.A. Greater Los Angeles Healthcare System, North Hills, CA 91343, USA.
authors.forename: Ruben
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Guzman-Marin
authors.forename: Natalia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Suntsova
authors.forename: Melvi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Methippara
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Greiffenstein
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Szymusiak
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McGinty
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine / Q000378:metabolism; D002452:Cell Count / Q000379:methods; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D000089662:Doublecortin Protein; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology*; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012892:Sleep Deprivation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013997:Time Factors; D014851:Wakefulness / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C000714848:Dcx protein, rat; D000089662:Doublecortin Protein; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine