title: Spontaneous and cytokine-evoked production of matrix metalloproteinases by bone marrow and peripheral blood pre-B cells in childhood acute lymphoblastic leukaemia.
abstract: The present work focused on the study of the secretory activity of pre-B acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) cells harvested from bone marrow (BM) and peripheral blood (PB) in 16 children. The basal and cytokine (SDF-1, GM-CSF, bFGF, VEGF)-stimulated secretions of gelatinases 2 and 9 (MMPs-2 and -9) and expression of their genes were monitored by zymography and RT-PCR, respectively. A wide heterogeneity was found in the secretory capacities of these cells. The basal secretion of MMP-9 was more frequently observed than that of MMP-2 in both cell types. The cytokines VEGF and bFGF were found to induce predominant stimulatory effects on the MMP-2 secretion. In contrast, GM-CSF was shown to exert a more pronounced activation of the MMP-9 production. Experiments using inhibitors of metabolic pathways (U0126, LY294002 and SN50) revealed that the secretion of MMP-9 was mediated through PI3/MEK1 kinases. The MMP-2 secretion appeared to be however, stimulated through a different metabolic pathway. The microfluorimetric approach showed that the basal and stimulated secretions of MMPs-2 and -9 depended on the extracellular calcium pool. The cytokines VEGF and bFGF represent potent factors increasing the intracellular calcium concentration with similar kinetics. In contrast, GM-CSF was found to activate a verapamil-sensitive efflux of indo-1 from cytosol suggesting that this cytokine could be responsible for the activation of xenobiotic membrane transporters. Experiments using the trypan blue exclusion test demonstrated that bFGF, in contrast to VEGF and GM-CSF, markedly augmented pre-B ALL cell survival. Further investigations into a possible correlation between the plasma concentrations of MMP-2 and -9, VEGF, bFGF and GM-CSF, and the poor evolution of pre-B ALL in children could have valuable diagnostic implications.
authors.affiliation: Groupe de recherche sur le Micro-Environnement et le Renouvellement Cellulaire Intégré M.E.R.C.I., Faculté de médecine-pharmacie, Université de Rouen, 22 boulevard Gambetta, 76183 Rouen Cedex, France.
authors.forename: Rassa
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Pegahi
authors.forename: Florent
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Poyer
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Legrand
authors.forename: Lionel
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cazin
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Vannier
authors.forename: Marek
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lamacz
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016207:Cytokines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D015452:Precursor B-Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000201:enzymology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D016207:Cytokines; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D004492:Edetic Acid; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D002118:Calcium