title: Juvenile granulosa cell tumor associated with pregnancy: Report of a case and review of the literature.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Juvenile granulosa cell tumors account for about 5% of all granulosa cell tumors and are diagnosed in nearly 80% of cases during the first two decades of life. Only 10% of granulosa cell tumors present during pregnancy. The incidence of ovarian malignancies during pregnancy varies from 0.05 to 0.07 per 1000 pregnancies.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 31-year-old pregnant woman was admitted to our university hospital due to an adnexal mass, 9.5 cm in diameter, which was detected at 34 weeks of gestation. At 37 + 5 weeks of gestation, a cesarean section with right salpingo-oophorectomy and removal of the tumor was performed. Histopathological findings, including immunohistochemical study, led to the diagnosis of juvenile granulosa cell tumor (JGCT).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The histological features and the differential diagnosis of the JGCT are discussed. The optimal management of such adnexal masses during pregnancy is also discussed. A JGCT that is confined to the ovary appears to have an excellent prognosis and can be treated by unilateral salpingo-oophorectomy.
authors.affiliation: 2nd Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Athens, School of Medicine, Aretaieion Hospital, Athens, Greece.
authors.forename: Dimitris
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hasiakos
authors.forename: Katerina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Papakonstantinou
authors.forename: Kaliroi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Goula
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Karvouni
authors.forename: Stelios
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fotiou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006106:Granulosa Cell Tumor / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D011247:Pregnancy; D011252:Pregnancy Complications, Neoplastic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery