title: Under pressure: predicting pressurized metered dose inhaler interactions using the atomic force microscope.
abstract: Drug particulate interactions in pressurized metered dose inhalers (pMDI) may lead to a decrease in aerosolization efficiency and subsequent efficacy in patient treatment. The interactions between salbutamol sulfate (commonly used in Ventolin pMDIs) and a series of pMDI canister materials were investigated using the atomic force microscope (AFM) colloid probe technique. Approximately 4000 individual force-distance curves were determined for a drug probe and three surfaces (10 x 10 mum areas) in situ, in a model propellant. The area under each force-distance curve was integrated to obtain separation energy values. Median separation energy values followed the rank order borosilicate glass > aluminum > PTFE, suggesting PTFE to be the most suitable canister coating.
authors.affiliation: Pharmaceutical Technology Research Group, Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Bath BA2 7AY, UK. prspmy@bath.ac.uk
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Price
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Edge
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Traini
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000335:Aerosol Propellants / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000420:Albuterol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000535:Aluminum; D003102:Colloids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005898:Glass; D036501:Metered Dose Inhalers; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011312:Pressure
chemical_list: D000335:Aerosol Propellants; D003102:Colloids; D011138:Polytetrafluoroethylene; D000535:Aluminum; D000420:Albuterol