Effect of vitamin A on fracture risk.
OBJECTIVE
To describe current data evaluating the effect of vitamin A intake on fracture risk.


METHODS
A literature search using MEDLINE (1966-March 2005) was conducted using the search terms bone density, fractures, osteoporosis, retinol, and vitamin A to identify published studies evaluating the effects of vitamin A on bone.


RESULTS
Studies evaluating vitamin A consumption and fracture risk were reviewed. Current data suggest a potential inverse relationship between excess vitamin A consumption and bone mineral density leading to an increased risk for fracture.


CONCLUSIONS
Although current data are limited, consumption of large amounts of vitamin A may be associated with decreased bone mineral density and increased fracture risk. Until further information is available, patients should be made aware of the potential risks of consuming vitamin A in amounts that exceed the recommended dietary allowance. Further research is needed to clarify the relationship between vitamin A and fracture risk.
Jackson
Heather A
HA
Purdue University/Clarian Health Partners, Indianapolis, IN 46202, USA. hjackson@clarian.org
Sheehan
Amy Heck
AH
D015519:Bone Density; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D018570:Risk Assessment; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014815:Vitamins / Q000009:adverse effects*
D014815:Vitamins; D014801:Vitamin A