Evidence for best practices in the neonatal period.
The purpose of this article is to provide a review of current nursing research that supports best practices during the newborn period. The literature review of peer-reviewed research articles published between January 2000 and October 2004 was conducted via keyword searches using the databases of the Cochrane Library, CINAHL, and MEDLINE. Key words included neonatal nursing, newborn, neonate, premature infant, preterm infant, and low birthweight. Content analysis revealed the following primary categories of studies that provide solid evidence for nursing practice: developmentally focused nursing care, neonatal skin care, feeding, skin-to-skin care, and pain management. Neonatal nurse researchers have made many important contributions to the research literature. Future research should expand the findings to date on the effective use of pain scales, the outcomes of skin-to-skin care and infant massage as standard practice for all neonates, and the effectiveness of nursing interventions to support the developmental sequelae of prematurity. Neonatal nurses should become familiar with and implement those findings from nursing research that strongly support evidence-based nursing practice.
Beal
Judy A
JA
School for Health Studies, Simmons College, Boston, USA. judy.beal@simmons.edu
D019985:Benchmarking / Q000458:organization & administration*; D002657:Child Development; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005248:Feeding Methods / Q000451:nursing / Q000592:standards; D006801:Humans; D007224:Infant Care / Q000592:standards; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D015931:Intensive Care, Neonatal / Q000592:standards; D008405:Massage / Q000451:nursing / Q000592:standards; D017283:Neonatal Nursing / Q000458:organization & administration*; D009730:Nursing Assessment / Q000592:standards; D015399:Nursing Research / Q000458:organization & administration*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000451:nursing; D011187:Posture; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D017592:Skin Care / Q000451:nursing / Q000592:standards; D012890:Sleep; D014110:Touch