Gender differences in lipoprotein metabolism and dietary response: basis in hormonal differences and implications for cardiovascular disease.
The transport of fat in the blood stream is approximately twice as fast in women as men. Disease states such as obesity and diabetes are associated with greater lipoprotein abnormalities in women compared with men. A greater increment in cardiovascular disease risk in women is linked to these abnormalities. A greater change in triglyceride level and a lesser change in low-density lipoprotein are observed in women than men with high-carbohydrate or high-fat feeding. Most consistent are greater changes in high-density lipoprotein (HDL), HDL2, and apolipoprotein A-I levels in women compared with men with high-carbohydrate or high-fat feeding. Dietary fat restriction in women appears to have a less beneficial lipoprotein effect than in men. Dietary fat restriction for heart disease prevention may be less ideal in women than in men.
Knopp
Robert H
RH
Northwest Lipid Research Clinic, University of Washington, Box 359720, Seattle, WA 98104, USA. rhknopp@u.washington.edu
Paramsothy
Pathmaja
P
Retzlaff
Barbara M
BM
Fish
Brian
B
Walden
Carolyn
C
Dowdy
Alice
A
Tsunehara
Christine
C
Aikawa
Keiko
K
Cheung
Marian C
MC
D000728:Androgens / Q000378:metabolism*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000378:metabolism; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D004967:Estrogens / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012737:Sex Factors
D000728:Androgens; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D004967:Estrogens; D008074:Lipoproteins