title: Preliminary results with early corticosteroid withdrawal in African American renal allograft recipients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is a paucity of data regarding the use of steroid-avoidance immunosuppression (SAI) in African American (AA) renal allograft recipients, traditionally considered a high-risk subgroup of patients with higher reported rates of acute rejection and graft loss.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared the outcomes of 27 AA renal allograft recipients receiving SAI (SA group; mean follow-up period, 12 +/- 3 mo) with those of 20 patients receiving a steroid taper (ST group; 24 +/- 11 mo). In both groups, thymoglobulin was used for induction, and mycophenolate mofetil and tacrolimus were used for maintenance. Four doses of methylprednisolone were given on days 0 to 3. In the SA group no further steroids were given, whereas in the ST group a prednisone taper was continued thereafter.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ST patients were more likely to have current panel reactive antibody titers greater than 10%, undergo retransplantation, and receive more doses of thymoglobulin. There were no significant differences between the SA and ST groups with regard to patient survival (96% vs 95%), graft survival (96% vs 90%), acute rejection (11% vs 14%), cytomegalovirus infection (7% vs 10%), posttransplant diabetes mellitus (11% vs 24%), or mean serum creatinine concentration at 6 months (1.6 vs 1.5 mg/dL), respectively, with a trend toward less percent weight gain in SA patients at 6 months (5% vs 11%, P = .06).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SAI can produce excellent short-term results in AA kidney transplant patients when compared with a conventional ST protocol. Our results will need to be verified in larger numbers of patients with longer follow-up evaluation.
authors.affiliation: Section of Transplant Surgery, Department of Surgery, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI, USA. sgruber@dmc.org
authors.forename: Scott A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Gruber
authors.forename: Miguel S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: West
authors.forename: Dale H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Sillix
authors.forename: Jose M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: El-Amm
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garnick
authors.forename: Katherina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Morawski
authors.forename: Abdolreza
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Haririan
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D001706:Biopsy; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000453:epidemiology; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015994:Incidence; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000401:mortality; D007970:Leukopenia / Q000453:epidemiology; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D011241:Prednisone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D011241:Prednisone; D008775:Methylprednisolone