title: Structural insights into SARS coronavirus proteins.
abstract: The SARS coronavirus was identified as the pathogen of a global outbreak of SARS (severe acute respiratory syndrome) in 2003. Its large RNA genome encodes four structural proteins, sixteen non-structural proteins and eight accessory proteins. The availability of structures of SARS coronavirus macromolecules has enabled the elucidation of their important functions, such as mediating the fusion of viral and host cellular membranes, and in replication and transcription. In particular, the spike protein fusion core and the main protease have been the most extensively studied, with the aim of designing anti-SARS therapeutics. Attention is now being focused on replicase proteins, which should enhance our understanding of the replication and transcription machinery. The structures and functions of most SARS proteins remain unknown, and further structural studies will be important for revealing their functions and for designing potential anti-SARS therapeutics.
authors.affiliation: National Laboratory of Biomacromolecules, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China and Laboratory of Structural Biology, Tsinghua University, Beijing 100084, China.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bartlam
authors.forename: Haitao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zihe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Rao
mesh_terms: D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D008958:Models, Molecular; D011487:Protein Conformation; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase / Q000737:chemistry; D045473:Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / Q000737:chemistry*; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D014763:Viral Matrix Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins; C483945:nsp9 protein, SARS virus; C488151:sars7a protein, SARS virus; D012324:RNA-Dependent RNA Polymerase