title: Changes in thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC) associated with allergen immunotherapy in patients with perennial allergic rhinitis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Thymus- and activation-regulated chemokine (TARC), which is a CC chemokine receptor (CCR) 4 ligand with ability to recruit Th2 cells to inflammatory sites, is pathogenetically important in allergic rhinitis. Specific immunotherapy (IT), among the most effective therapies for allergic rhinitis, has incompletely understood mechanisms of action. TARC might be involved in some benefits of IT.
  
  
  METHODS
  TARC in sera was assayed, obtained from 50 patients with house dust mite allergic rhinitis before and 1 year after beginning IT. Their ages ranged from 6 to 34 years (mean, 10), 30 were male and 20 were female.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients whose nasal obstruction responded to IT, TARC decreased significantly with IT, while when response was defined in terms of sneezing or rhinorrhea, TARC did not change significantly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TARC might be an important target of IT in reducing obstructive allergic rhinitis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Department of Medicine of Sensorimotor Organs, Faculty of Medicine, Tottori University, Yonago, Japan. oto3175@grape.med.tottori-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takeuchi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitano
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Enomoto
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000485:Allergens / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D039741:Antigens, Dermatophagoides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D054414:Chemokine CCL17; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D002648:Child; D003888:Desensitization, Immunologic; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D012221:Rhinitis, Allergic, Perennial / Q000209:etiology / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D039741:Antigens, Dermatophagoides; C106230:CCL17 protein, human; D054414:Chemokine CCL17; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D007073:Immunoglobulin E