title: Drug-induced diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review the medications that influence glucose metabolism with a focus on hypertensive, transplant and HIV-infected patient populations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Literature obtained from a MEDLINE search from 1970 to present, including studies published in the English language. The search strategy linked drugs, hyperglycaemia and diabetes mellitus, HIV, transplantation, hypertension and psychiatric patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Many common therapeutic agents influence glucose metabolism. Multiple mechanisms of action on glucose metabolism exist through pancreatic, hepatic and peripheral effects. The prevalence of hyperglycaemia was higher with the use of thiazide diuretic, beta-blocker, calcineurin, protease inhibitors and atypical antipsychotic drugs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients treated with those drugs appear to be at increased risk for developing diabetes. It is prudent to monitor plasma glucose values when it is not possible to avoid prescription of medication with known effects on carbohydrate metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Pitie-SalPetriere Hospital, Paris, France. hassan.izzedine@psl.ap-hop-paris.fr
authors.forename: Hassane
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Izzedine
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Launay-Vacher
authors.forename: Camille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Deybach
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bourry
authors.forename: Benoit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Barrou
authors.forename: Gilbert
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Deray
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006133:Growth Substances; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000188:drug therapy; D016030:Kidney Transplantation; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001786:Blood Glucose; D006133:Growth Substances