title: [Problems of emergency transfers of patients after a stroke. Results of a telemedicine pilot project for integrated stroke accommodation in southeast Bavaria (TEMPiS)].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Specific stroke subtypes like subarachnoid hemorrhages or malignant brain infarcts require immediate interventions, but treatment options are offered mainly in specialized centers. For this reason, interhospital transfers from primary hospitals need to be done without delay.
  
  
  METHODS
  The telemedic pilot project for integrative stroke care (TEMPiS) connects 2 stroke centers and 12 regional hospitals in Bavaria (Germany). Core elements are the implementation of stroke wards, telemedic consultation and improvement of emergency interhospital transfers. Organization of patient transports is offered by the central telemedic service. During the first 12 months of the continuing project all interhospital transfers initiated by the central telemedic service were prospectively documented. Emergency transports were analysed according to diagnosis, type of transport, distance and time delays.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 252 interhospital transfers were recommended in teleconsultations; finally 221 transports took place. Median total duration of transfers (including the necessary arrangements) was 134 min (interquartile range: 105-219) for intracerebral hemorrhages (N = 58), 138 min (95-157) for subarachnoid hemorrhages (N = 31), 161 min (100-230) for malignant infarcts (N = 22) and 147 min (109-180) for suspected basilar artery occlusion (N = 28). Time from admission in the primary hospital to initiation of interhospital transfer was 135 min (median; interquartile range: 86-172), transport time was 81 min (60-116). Helicopter transport did not save time for transfer distances up to 50 kilometres, compared to transport via ambulance (including assistance of hospital physicians). Transport using a special intensive care vehicle was much more time consuming because of the longer transport preparation time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Emergency transfers of stroke patients are time consuming. This may contribute to additional harm being done to severely ill patients. Faster organization and conduct of transports is required.
authors.affiliation: Abteilung für Neurologie, Städtisches Klinikum München GmbH, Klinikum Harlaching. neuro.audebert@khmh.de
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Audebert
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Clarmann von Clarenau
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schenkel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fürst
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ziemus
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Metz
authors.forename: R L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Haberl
mesh_terms: D020520:Brain Infarction / Q000628:therapy*; D004630:Emergencies; D005858:Germany; D006782:Hospitals, Special / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D010360:Patient Transfer / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012041:Regional Medical Programs / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards*; D019114:Remote Consultation; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000628:therapy*; D013997:Time Factors; D014187:Transportation of Patients / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards / Q000706:statistics & numerical data