title: The fetal cerebellar vermis: anatomy and biometric assessment using volume contrast imaging in the C-plane (VCI-C).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the normal appearance and study the biometry of the fetal cerebellar vermis by three-dimensional (3D) volume contrast imaging in the coronal (C-) plane (VCI-C).
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 203 normally developed fetuses were examined prospectively at 18-33 weeks' gestation. At the level of the view used to measure the transverse cerebellar diameter (TCD), a VCI-C plane was displayed to examine, using a transabdominal probe, the fetal mid-saggital vermis. The volumes acquired were stored for later review and measurement of the anteroposterior (AP) diameter, craniocaudal (CC) diameter and surface area of the cerebellar vermis. Each dataset was evaluated by two independent observers. Measurements as a function of gestational age (GA), biparietal diameter (BPD), head circumference (HC) and TCD were expressed by regression equations. Interobserver variability was evaluated. Nomograms were produced. In order to validate the use of VCI in fetal biometry, datasets from 57 patients were selected arbitrarily for comparison of their VCI-C measurements with those from mid-sagittal sections of a stored 3D multiplanar examination. Intraclass correlation was used to evaluate the agreement between these measurements.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean maternal age was 32 years. We were able to measure mid-sagittal CC diameter, mid-sagittal AP diameter and cerebellar vermis surface area in all fetuses. Interobserver variability analysis showed no significant differences between the two observers (P > 0.05). Measurements of the cerebellar vermis (AP diameter, CC diameter and surface area) correlated linearly with GA, BPD, HC and TCD (r > or = 0.82, P < 0.0001). CC and AP diameters estimated from the mid-sagittal section of the multiplanar measurements were significantly correlated with VCI-C measurements (r = 0.96, P < 0.00001 and r = 0.95, P < 0.00001, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  VCI-C is a valuable tool, allowing intrauterine assessment of the normal appearance of the fetal cerebellar vermis. The nomograms developed in this study should enable accurate evaluation of the cerebellar vermis.
authors.affiliation: Centro AGB Ultrasonografía, Universidad de Concepción, Concepción, Chile. fvinals55@hotmail.com
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Viñals
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Naveas
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Shalper
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giuliano
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001699:Biometry; D002531:Cerebellum / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology*; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media