Spectral- and frequency-encoded fluorescence imaging.
A method for obtaining fluorescence images with a high number of resolvable points by using spectral and frequency encoding is presented. Broadband excitation light is encoded with a wavelength-dependent frequency modulation and dispersed onto the sample with a grating to simultaneously illuminate an entire image line. The Fourier transform of the frequency-encoded fluorescence emission provides one line of the image. Mechanical scanning along a direction orthogonal to the wavelength-encoded axis allows creation of the two-dimensional fluorescent image. This method is applicable for developing submillimeter diameter endoscopes. The principles of the technique are validated by imaging indocyanine green fluorescence in microfluidic channels.
Motz
Jason T
JT
Harvard Medical School and the Wellman Center for Photomedicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts 02114, USA. jmotz@partners.org
Yelin
Dvir
D
Vakoc
Benjamin J
BJ
Bouma
Brett E
BE
Tearney
Guillermo J
GJ
D019723:Endoscopes; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology; D005583:Fourier Analysis; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*