title: Twelve-year mortality results of a randomized trial of 2 versus 5 years of adjuvant tamoxifen for postmenopausal early-stage breast carcinoma patients (SITAM 01).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study evaluated the impact on overall survival (OS) of 2 versus 5 years adjuvant tamoxifen in early breast carcinoma patients after 12 years of follow-up.
  
  
  METHODS
  Women with breast carcinoma T1-3, N0-3, M0, aged 50-70 years, were eligible for this multicenter randomized Phase III trial. Patients event-free after 2 years of tamoxifen therapy (TAM) were randomly assigned to stop or continue TAM (20 mg/day) for an additional 3 years. The primary endpoint was disease-free survival. Secondary endpoints included OS and toxicity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 1989 through 1996, 1901 patients were randomly assigned either to stop treatment (n = 958) or to continue TAM (n = 943). Overall, 98% of patients alive at the previous report (n = 1611) had updated information about OS, of whom 549 had died. The median duration of postrandomization follow-up was 115 months (interquartile range, 86-137). No statistically significant differences between the two arms were detected in the whole population (hazard ratio [HR], 1.02; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.86-1.22) and in estrogen receptor (ER)-positive patients (HR, 0.90; 95% CI, 0.72-1.13). In the latter group, survival curves started to diverge after 90 months, showing a trend in favor of the 5-year arm. In younger (age < or =55 yrs) ER-positive patients longer TAM was associated with a 44% decrease in the risk of death (HR, 0.56; 95% CI, 0.31-1.00), while no clear benefit was documented in women older than 55 years of age (HR, 0.98; 95% CI, 0.77-1.25).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The benefits of longer TAM on OS start to emerge only after 9 years from diagnosis and seem to be more relevant in younger ER-positive women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Epidemiology, Consorzio Mario Negri Sud, S. Maria Imbaro, Italy.
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Belfiglio
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Valentini
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pellegrini
authors.forename: Giorgia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Berardis
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Franciosi
authors.forename: Maria C E
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sacco
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nicolucci
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D017698:Postmenopause; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000032:analysis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D018931:Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D013629:Tamoxifen