title: Systematic review of randomized trials comparing rubber band ligation with excisional haemorrhoidectomy.
abstract: METHODS
  This review compares the two most popular treatments for haemorrhoids, namely rubber band ligation (RBL) and excisional haemorrhoidectomy. Randomized trials were identified from the major electronic databases. Symptom control, retreatment, postoperative pain, complications, time off work and patient satisfaction were assessed. Relative risk (RR) and weighted mean difference with 95 per cent confidence interval (c.i.) were estimated using a random-effects model for dichotomous and continuous outcomes respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three trials met the inclusion criteria and all were of poor methodological quality. Complete remission of haemorrhoidal symptoms was better after haemorrhoidectomy (RR 1.68 (95 per cent c.i 1.00 to 2.83)). There was significant heterogeneity between the studies (I(2) = 90.5 per cent; P < 0.001). Fewer patients required retreatment after haemorrhoidectomy (RR 0.20 (95 per cent c.i 0.09 to 0.40)), but anal stenosis, postoperative haemorrhage and incontinence to flatus were more common with this operation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Haemorrhoidectomy produced better long-term symptom control in patients with grade III haemorrhoids, but was associated with more postoperative complications than RBL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Aberdeen Royal Infirmary, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK. venki411@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Shanmugam
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Thaha
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Rabindranath
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: R J C
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Steele
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Loudon
mesh_terms: D006484:Hemorrhoids / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008026:Ligation / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000209:etiology; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012008:Recurrence; D019233:Retreatment; D012408:Rubber; D018401:Sample Size; D018582:Sick Leave
chemical_list: D012408:Rubber