title: The use of high resolution magnetic resonance imaging in the prenatal diagnosis of fetal nuchal tumors.
abstract: Fetal magnetic resonance imaging (fetal MRI) is an important adjunct to antenatal imaging especially when neonatal surgery is contemplated. We report two cases of fetal nuchal tumors, which were diagnosed incidentally on an ultrasound scan and had fetal MRI to aid diagnosis, prognosis, counseling and management planning. In the first case, fetal MRI aided diagnosis and prenatal multidisciplinary management of a cervical teratoma. Tracheal involvement could not be excluded and an ex-utero intrapartum treatment procedure was planned. Postnatal MRI and angiography provided further information prior to surgery. In the second case, fetal MRI assisted thorough counseling following the finding of a cervical lesion thought to be a cervical teratodermoid, a multicystic hygroma or congenital lymphectasia. The parents opted for termination of the pregnancy. Postmortem findings confirmed the extent of involvement of surrounding structures diagnosed prenatally. The mass was found to be a hamartomatous hemangiolymphangioma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Fetal Medicine, Division of Reproduction & Child Health and Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Birmingham Women's Hospital, Edgbaston, UK.
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Knox
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Muamar
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Thompson
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lander
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chapman
authors.forename: M D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Kilby
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D033162:Incidental Findings; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000379:methods*; D014463:Ultrasonography