title: [Clinical effectiveness of transcatheter arterial embolization for acute upper and lower non-variceal gastrointestinal bleeding].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although the initial rate of hemostasis achieved by endoscopic treatment for acute non- variceal gastrointestinal bleeding (NVGIB) is high, recurrent or persistent bleeding occurs in 10% to 25% of the patients. The aim of this study was to assess the efficacy and safety of transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) in patients with acute upper and lower NVGIB who could not be managed by endoscopic treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of the clinical data was done in 43 patients (M/F: 26/17, mean age: 60 years) whom underwent angiography or TAE for acute upper and lower NVGIB between January 1998 and December 2003. Among 43 patients, 18 had upper NVGIB, 19 had lower NVGIB, and 6 had obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Demographic characteristics and outcome parameters including the rates of hemostasis, in-hospital death, and complications were analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-four patients underwent TAE while 9 patients underwent angiography. TAE was used as the first line treatment in 17 patients and as the second line treatment in others. Hemostasis was achieved in 29 of 34 patients (85.3%) by TAE. According to the site of bleeding, hemostasis was achieved in 14 of 17 patients (82.4%) with upper NVGIB and in 15 of 17 patients (88.2%) with lower NVGIB. There was no significant angiography or TAE-related complications such as bowel ischemia or infarction except a hematoma on the angiography site in one patient.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TAE is effective and safe in patients with acute upper or lower NVGIB who cannot be managed by endoscopic treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea.
authors.forename: Min Ho
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Geun Soo
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sang Wook
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Lim Kwan
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Jhu
authors.forename: Phil Jin
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Nam Hun
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Chang Hwan
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Wan Sik
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Young Eun
authors.initials: YE
authors.lastname: Joo
authors.forename: Hyun Soo
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sung Kyu
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Jong Sun
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Rew
authors.forename: Woong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Jae Kyu
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sei Jong
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002404:Catheterization; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000628:therapy*; D006489:Hemostatic Techniques; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged