title: Vascular development of the brain requires beta8 integrin expression in the neuroepithelium.
abstract: We showed previously that loss of the integrin beta8 subunit, which forms alphavbeta8 heterodimers, results in abnormal vascular development in the yolk sac, placenta, and brain. Animals lacking the integrin beta8 (itgbeta8) gene die either at midgestation, because of insufficient vascularization of the placenta and yolk sac, or shortly after birth with severe intracerebral hemorrhage. To specifically focus on the role of integrins containing the beta8 subunit in the brain, and to avoid early lethalities, we used a targeted deletion strategy to delete itgbeta8 only from cell types within the brain. Ablating itgbeta8 from vascular endothelial cells or from migrating neurons did not result in cerebral hemorrhage. Targeted deletion of itgbeta8 from the neuroepithelium, however, resulted in bilateral hemorrhage at postnatal day 0, although the phenotype was less severe than in itgbeta8-null animals. Newborn mice lacking itgbeta8 from the neuroepithelium had hemorrhages in the cortex, ganglionic eminence, and thalamus, as well as abnormal vascular morphogenesis, and disorganized glia. Interestingly, adult mice lacking itgbeta8 from cells derived from the neuroepithelium did not show signs of hemorrhage. We propose that defective association between vascular endothelial cells and glia lacking itgbeta8 is responsible for the leaky vasculature seen during development but that an unidentified compensatory mechanism repairs the vasculature after birth.
authors.affiliation: Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Department of Physiology, University of California, San Francisco, California 94143, USA.
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Proctor
authors.forename: Keling
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zang
authors.forename: Denan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Rong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Louis F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Reichardt
mesh_terms: D000199:Actins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D024141:Collagen Type IV / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000502:physiology*; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D039641:Integrin beta Chains / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007797:Laminin / Q000378:metabolism; D037102:Lectins / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009154:Mutation; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D064231:Nestin; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D042810:Receptor, TIE-1 / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D000199:Actins; D024141:Collagen Type IV; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; C084779:Hivep3 protein, mouse; D039641:Integrin beta Chains; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; D007797:Laminin; D037102:Lectins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C577485:Nes protein, mouse; D064231:Nestin; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C094865:integrin beta8; D042810:Receptor, TIE-1