title: Evaluation of p16 and Id1 status and endogenous reference genes in human chondrosarcoma by real-time PCR.
abstract: Both the tumour suppressor, p16, and the helix-loop-helix transcription factor, Id1, have been assigned roles in tumour growth in general and appear to be involved in chondrosarcoma. Id1 has further been found to repress the expression of p16. Therefore, the mRNA expression of these two genes was studied by real-time PCR in a search for prognostic markers in human chondrosarcoma. To get reliable quantitative data, however, the choice of endogenous reference gene for use in the assay is important. Therefore, eleven different endogenous reference genes were evaluated in chondrosarcoma cells and articular chondrocytes. 18S rRNA appeared to be the best choice to use as endogenous reference gene, since it was suitable for both kinds of cells. Several of the other reference genes tested showed variation between individuals or between normal chondrocytes and chondrosarcoma cells. This demonstrates the importance of using a correct endogenous reference gene to get reliable results from quantitative measurements. Both p16 and Id1 showed varied gene expression patterns among the samples and none of these genes could be significantly correlated to prognosis.
authors.affiliation: Research Centre for Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Clinical Chemistry and Transfusion Medicine, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Asp
authors.forename: Camilla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brantsing
authors.forename: Karina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Lövstedt
authors.forename: Maria Serena
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Benassi
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Inerot
authors.forename: Gabriella
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gamberi
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Picci
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lindahl
mesh_terms: D001859:Bone Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D002813:Chondrosarcoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000235:genetics*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D051798:Inhibitor of Differentiation Protein 1 / Q000235:genetics*; D011379:Prognosis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; C497453:ID1 protein, human; D051798:Inhibitor of Differentiation Protein 1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012337:RNA, Ribosomal, 18S