title: Direct determination of glucuronide and sulfate of p-hydroxymethamphetamine in methamphetamine users' urine.
abstract: Two conjugates of p-hydroxymethamphetamine (p-OHMA), p-OHMA-glucuronide (p-OHMA-Glu) and p-OHMA-sulfate (p-OHMA-Sul) have been identified in methamphetamine (MA) users' urine by using liquid chromatography-high resolution tandem mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS-MS). The synthesis of p-OHMA-Glu and p-OHMA-Sul, and an LC-MS procedure for the simultaneous determination of MA and its four metabolites, amphetamine (AP), p-OHMA, p-OHMA-Glu and p-OHMA-Sul, in urine have also been established. After deproteinizing urine samples with methanol, LC-MS employing a C(18) semi-micro column with a gradient elution program provided the successful separations and MS determinations of these analytes within 20 min. Based on the established method, p-OHMA-Sul was detected at higher concentrations than p-OHMA-Glu in all of the three urine samples tested. These data suggest that sulfation is a major pathway in the MA phase II metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Forensic Science Laboratory, Osaka Prefectural Police Headquarters, Chuo-ward, Japan. nori6499@amber.plala.or.jp
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Shima
authors.forename: Hiroe
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsutsumi
authors.forename: Tooru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kamata
authors.forename: Mayumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nishikawa
authors.forename: Munehiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Katagi
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Miki
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsuchihashi
mesh_terms: D019969:Amphetamine-Related Disorders / Q000652:urine*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods; D020719:Glucuronides / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D008694:Methamphetamine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000652:urine; D013431:Sulfates / Q000652:urine
chemical_list: D020719:Glucuronides; D013431:Sulfates; D008694:Methamphetamine; C005877:pholedrine