title: Genetic polymorphisms of ATP-binding cassette transporters ABCB1 and ABCG2: therapeutic implications.
abstract: Pharmacogenomics, the study of the influence of genetic factors on drug action, is increasingly important for predicting pharmacokinetics profiles and/or adverse reactions to drugs. Drug transporters, as well as drug metabolism play pivotal roles in determining the pharmacokinetic profiles of drugs and their overall pharmacological effects. There is an increasing number of reports addressing genetic polymorphisms of drug transporters. However, information regarding the functional impact of genetic polymorphisms in drug transporter genes is still limited. Detailed functional analysis in vitro may provide clear insight into the biochemical and therapeutic significance of genetic polymorphisms. This review addresses functional aspects of the genetic polymorphisms of human ATP-binding cassette transporters, ABCB1 and ABCG2, which are critically involved in the pharmacokinetics of drugs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomolecular Engineering, Graduate School of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Tokyo Institute of Technology, 4259-B-60 Nagatsuta, Yokohama 226-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Aki
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sakurai
authors.forename: Ai
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Onishi
authors.forename: Toshihisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000070997:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D004077:Digoxin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D015195:Drug Design; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D009675:Novobiocin / Q000494:pharmacology; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: C116614:ABCG2 protein, human; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D000070997:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily G, Member 2; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D009675:Novobiocin; D004077:Digoxin; D016572:Cyclosporine; D016559:Tacrolimus