title: Assessing the transfer of genetically modified DNA from feed to animal tissues.
abstract: In Europe, public and scientific concerns about the environmental and food safety of GM (Genetically Modified) crops overshadow the potential benefits offered by crop biotechnology to improve food quality. One of the concerns regarding the use of GM food in human and animal nutrition is the effect that newly introduced sequences may have on the organism. In this paper, we assess the potential transfer of diet-derived DNA to animal tissues after consumption of GM plants. Blood, spleen, liver, kidney and muscle tissues from piglets fed for 35 days with diets containing either GM (MON810) or a conventional maize were investigated for the presence of plant DNA. Only fragments of specific maize genes (Zein, Sh-2) could be detected with different frequencies in all the examined tissues except muscle. A small fragment of the Cry1A(b) transgene was detected in blood, liver, spleen and kidney of the animals raised with the transgenic feed. The intact Cry1A(b) gene or its minimal functional unit were never detected. Statistical analysis of the results showed no difference in recovery of positives for the presence of plant DNA between animals raised with the transgenic feed and animals raised with the conventional feed, indicating that DNA transfer may occur independently from the source and the type of the gene. From the data obtained, we consider it unlikely that the occurrence of genetic transfer associated with GM plants is higher than that from conventional plants.
authors.affiliation: Instituto di Agronomia generale e Coltivazioni erbacee, Università Cattolica S. Cuore, Via E. Parmense, 84, Piacenza 29100, Italy. mazza.raffaele@virgilio.it
authors.forename: Raffaele
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mazza
authors.forename: Mirko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soave
authors.forename: Mauro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Morlacchini
authors.forename: Gianfranco
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Piva
authors.forename: Adriano
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marocco
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000818:Animals; D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004274:DNA, Recombinant / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000235:genetics; D030841:Food, Genetically Modified / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017343:Genes, Plant; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D006801:Humans; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D012449:Safety; D034421:Sus scrofa; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D018744:DNA, Plant; D004274:DNA, Recombinant; D004731:Endotoxins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; C030956:insecticidal crystal protein, Bacillus Thuringiensis