title: Mixed infection with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi in a naturally infected dog from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
abstract: We report here the first case of co-infection with Leishmania (Viannia) braziliensis and Leishmania (Leishmania) chagasi in a naturally infected dog from Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. Isoenzyme characterisation identified the parasites isolated in culture from the cutaneous lesion as L. (V.) braziliensis and the isolates from blood and lymph node as L. (L.) chagasi. PCR analysis using specific primers followed by molecular hybridisation for direct Leishmania species identification in tissue fragments confirmed the presence of L. (V.) braziliensis DNA in the cutaneous lesion and of L. (L.) chagasi DNA in spleen and popliteal lymph node fragments. This report emphasises the importance of identification of Leishmania species infecting seropositive dogs in endemic areas, and the consequent re-assessment of control and epidemiological surveillance measures for the control of leishmaniasis, as is the case in Brazil.
authors.affiliation: Serviço de Parasitologia, Instituto de Pesquisa Clínica Evandro Chagas--FIOCRUZ, Av. Brasil 4365, 21045-900 Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil. fmadeira@ipec.fiocruz.br
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Madeira
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schubach
authors.forename: T M P
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Schubach
authors.forename: R S
authors.initials: RS
authors.lastname: Pacheco
authors.forename: F S
authors.initials: FS
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: F B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Figueiredo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baptista
authors.forename: M C A
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Marzochi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001938:Brazil; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000032:analysis; D004197:Disease Reservoirs; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000469:parasitology*; D004285:Dogs; D004586:Electrophoresis / Q000662:veterinary; D007891:Leishmania / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D007892:Leishmania braziliensis / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000150:complications / Q000662:veterinary*; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000150:complications / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D015047:Zoonoses
chemical_list: D016054:DNA, Protozoan