title: Striatal deafferentation increases dopaminergic neurogenesis in the adult olfactory bulb.
abstract: Dopaminergic loss is known to be one of the major hallmarks of Parkinson disease (PD). In addition to its function as a neurotransmitter, dopamine plays significant roles in developmental and adult neurogenesis. Both dopaminergic deafferentation and stimulation modulate proliferation in the subventricular zone (SVZ)/olfactory bulb system as well as in the hippocampus. Here, we study the impact of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA) lesions to the medial forebrain bundle on proliferation and neuronal differentiation of newly generated cells in the SVZ/olfactory bulb axis in adult rats. Proliferation in the SVZ decreased significantly after dopaminergic deafferentation. However, the number of neural progenitor cells expressing the proneuronal cell fate determinant Pax-6 increased in the SVZ. Survival and quantitative cell fate analysis of newly generated cells revealed that 6-OHDA lesions induced opposite effects in the two different regions of neurogenesis in the olfactory bulb: a transient decrease in the granule cell layer contrasts to a sustained increase of newly generated neurons in the glomerular layer. These data point towards a shift in the ratio of newly generated interneurons in the olfactory bulb layers. Dopaminergic neurogenesis in the glomerular layer tripled after lesioning and consistent with this finding, the total number of tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive cells increased. Thus, loss of dopaminergic input to the SVZ led to a distinct cell fate decision towards stimulation of dopaminergic neurogenesis in the olfactory bulb glomerular layer. This study supports the accumulating evidence that neurotransmitters play a crucial role in determining survival and differentiation of newly generated neurons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Beate
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Winner
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Geyer
authors.forename: Sebastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Couillard-Despres
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Aigner
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bogdahn
authors.forename: Ludwig
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Aigner
authors.forename: Georg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kuhn
authors.forename: Jürgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Winkler
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000963:Antimetabolites / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002452:Cell Count; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000502:physiology; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D003714:Denervation; D004298:Dopamine / Q000502:physiology*; D005136:Eye Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017072:Neostriatum / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D009475:Neurons, Afferent / Q000502:physiology*; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*; D016627:Oxidopamine; D000071841:PAX6 Transcription Factor; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D013563:Sympathectomy, Chemical; D013565:Sympatholytics
chemical_list: D000963:Antimetabolites; D005136:Eye Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D000071841:PAX6 Transcription Factor; D051761:Paired Box Transcription Factors; C000605733:Pax6 protein, rat; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D013565:Sympatholytics; D016627:Oxidopamine; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D004298:Dopamine