title: Synergistic effect of beta-cryptoxanthin and zinc sulfate on the bone component in rat femoral tissues in vitro: the unique anabolic effect with zinc.
abstract: The effect of the combination of beta-cryptoxanthin and zinc sulfate (zinc) on bone components in the femoral-diaphyseal and -metaphyseal tissues of young rats in vitro was investigated. Bone tissues were cultured for 48 h in a serum-free Dulbecco's modified Eagle's medium containing either vehicle, beta-cryptoxanthin (10(-9)-10(-7) M) or zinc sulfate (10(-6)-10(-4) M). The presence of beta-cryptoxanthin (10(-9) M) or zinc (10(-6) M) did not have a significant effect on calcium content in the femoral-diaphyseal or -metaphyseal tissues. However, culture which combined beta-cryptoxanthin (10(-9) M) and zinc (10(-6) M) caused a significant increase in calcium content in the femoral-diaphyseal and -metaphyseal tissues. Such an effect was not observed by the combination of beta-cryptoxanthin (10(-9) M) plus genistein (10(-6) M) or menaquinone-7 (10(-6) M), or zinc (10(-6) M) plus genistein (10(-6) M) or menaquinone-7 (10(-6) M). Also, the combination of beta-cryptoxanthin (10(-9) M) plus zinc (10(-6) M) caused a remarkable increase in alkaline phosphatase activity and deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) in the femoral-diaphyseal and -metaphyseal tissues, while their application alone did not have an effect on the enzyme activity or DNA content in the femoral tissues. The effect of the combination of beta-cryptoxanthin (10(-9) M) plus zinc (10(-6) M) in increasing calcium content, alkaline phosphatase activity, and DNA content in the femoral-diaphyseal and -metaphyseal tissues was completely prevented in the presence of cycloheximide (10(-6) M), an inhibitor of protein synthesis, or 5,6-dichloro-1-beta-D-ribofuranosylbenzimidazole (DBR), an inhibitor of transcriptional activity. This study demonstrates that the combination of beta-cryptoxanthin and zinc at a lower concentration has a synergistic effect on bone components in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Endocrinology and Molecular Metabolism, Graduate School of Nutritional Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uchiyama
authors.forename: Kaori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ishiyama
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hashimoto
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000378:metabolism; D045930:Anabolic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D065366:Cryptoxanthins; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005269:Femur / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D046509:Tissue Culture Techniques; D024341:Xanthophylls; D019287:Zinc Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D045930:Anabolic Agents; D065366:Cryptoxanthins; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D024341:Xanthophylls; D019207:beta Carotene; D019287:Zinc Sulfate; D004247:DNA; D003513:Cycloheximide; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D002118:Calcium