title: Treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia using transurethral microwave thermotherapy and dilatation with double-balloon catheter.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To improve the outcome of transurethral microwave thermotherapy (TUMT) for the treatment of benign prostatic hyperplasia, we combined TUMT and balloon dilatation (BD) with a double-balloon catheter and investigated its effects.
  
  
  METHODS
  For a short-term trial, 40 patients were divided randomly into two groups: 20 patients received TUMT alone, and the other 20 received TUMT followed by BD. The degrees of symptoms were graded according to the International Prostate Symptom Score and Quality of Life score, and the peak urinary flow rate was measured before and 10 weeks after treatment. A historic control study of 527 patients was also performed to evaluate the long-term re-treatment rate: 98 of the patients received TUMT alone, and the other 429 patients received TUMT followed by BD.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The symptom scores improved significantly in both groups. The peak uroflow rate was significantly increased in the group who received TUMT followed by BD (P < 0.01), whereas the change was not significant in the TUMT-alone group. Significant sustainability of long-term effects was more evident in patients receiving TUMT plus BD than in the TUMT-alone group, as judged by the higher proportion of BD-treated patients who required no further treatment during the 5-year study period in comparison with patients who received TUMT alone (66.3% v 28.6%, respectively; P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Combined TUMT and BD achieves sufficient subjective and objective improvement and a sustainable long-term effect. We consider this combination technique to be useful for the treatment of prostatic hyperplasia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and Urology, Jishyukai Ueda Kidney Clinic, Ueda, Nagano, Japan.
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Tsukada
authors.forename: Maki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Murakami
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kosuge
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002404:Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000628:therapy*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020728:Transurethral Resection of Prostate; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014563:Urodynamics