title: Phase I and pharmacokinetics trial of ABI-007, a novel nanoparticle formulation of paclitaxel in patients with advanced nonhematologic malignancies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  ABI-007 is a novel solvent-free, albumin-bound, 130-nm particle formulation of paclitaxel designed to avoid solvent-related toxicities and to deliver paclitaxel to tumors via molecular pathways involving an endothelial cell-surface albumin receptor (gp60) and an albumin-binding protein expressed by tumor cells and secreted into the tumor interstitium (secreted protein acid rich in cysteine). This study determined the maximum-tolerated dose (MTD) of ABI-007 monotherapy administered weekly (three weekly doses, repeated every 4 weeks) and assessed the pharmacokinetics of paclitaxel administered as ABI-007.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with advanced nonhematologic malignancies received ABI-007 without premedication at dose levels from 80 to 200 mg/m(2) as a 30-minute intravenous infusion once a week for 3 weeks, followed by 1 week of rest (one cycle).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-nine patients were treated with an average of five cycles of ABI-007; 33% of patients received > or = six cycles of treatment. MTDs for heavily and lightly pretreated patients were 100 and 150 mg/m(2), respectively; and the dose-limiting toxicities were grade 4 neutropenia and grade 3 peripheral neuropathy, respectively. Maximum paclitaxel concentration and area under the curve increased linearly with dose. Dose-dependent changes in plasma clearance did not occur. Partial responses were observed in five patients with breast, lung, and ovarian cancers, all of whom had previously been treated with paclitaxel containing polyoxyethylated castor oil in the formulation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrated that weekly ABI-007 can be administered at doses exceeding those typically used for paclitaxel containing polyoxyethylated castor oil. Pharmacokinetics were linear over the dose range studied. Antitumor responses occurred in patients previously treated with paclitaxel containing polyoxyethylated castor oil.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology Toxicology, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Arizona Cancer Center/University of Arizona Health Sciences Center, Tucson, USA. dvh@tgen.org
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Nyman
authors.forename: Kimberley J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Evan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hersh
authors.forename: Kristen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: Vuong
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Trieu
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Desai
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.forename: Daniel D
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Von Hoff
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000068196:Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel; D000418:Albumins / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D020714:Maximum Tolerated Dose; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008875:Middle Aged; D049329:Nanostructures; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000068196:Albumin-Bound Paclitaxel; D000418:Albumins; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D017239:Paclitaxel