title: Transthoracic Doppler echocardiographic assessment of coronary flow velocity pattern in patient with acute myocardial infarction implies progression of myocardial damage.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Coronary flow velocity (CFV) pattern with a rapid deceleration time of diastolic flow velocity and small average systolic peak velocity immediately after reperfusion implies poor wall-motion recovery in patients with acute myocardial infarction. Microvascular injury has been demonstrated to progress after coronary reperfusion. The purpose of this study was to assess whether CFV 1 day after reperfusion (day 1) may reflect accurately the degree of myocardial damage.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the left anterior descending coronary artery in 29 patients with anterior acute myocardial infarction, CFV was measured immediately and 1 day after recanalization using transthoracic Doppler echocardiography, respectively. Regional wall motion was estimated as anterior wall-motion score index (AWMSI) by echocardiography before recanalization and 1 month after the onset of acute myocardial infarction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although significant correlation was observed among deceleration time of diastolic flow velocity, average systolic peak velocity, and average peak velocity immediately after reperfusion and 1-month AWMSI (r = -0.62, P < .001; r = -0.61, P < .001; and r = -0.55, P < .01, respectively), much better correlation was demonstrated between those at day 1 and 1-month AWMSI (r = -0.72, P < .0001; r = -0.68, P < .0001; and r = -0.60, P < .001, respectively). Deceleration time of diastolic flow velocity, average systolic peak velocity, and average peak velocity in poor wall-motion recovery group (1-month AWMSI > 2.0, n = 14) were significantly smaller (P < .01, P < .05, and P < .05, respectively) at day 1 compared with those immediately after reperfusion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CFV pattern assessed by transthoracic Doppler echocardiography at day 1 provides the degree of myocardial damage much more accurately than that immediately after reperfusion. These results may suggest that myocardial damage progresses after reperfusion.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Kobe General Hospital, Kobe, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akasaka
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hozumi
authors.forename: Tsutomu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamamuro
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamita
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamabe
authors.forename: Shigefumi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morioka
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshida
mesh_terms: D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D003326:Coronary Circulation; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D018450:Disease Progression; D004452:Echocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology