Calculation of environmental concentration and comparison of output for existing chemicals using regional multimedia modeling.
The environmental fate of 40 existing chemicals is discussed using the EUSES multimedia distribution and risk assessment model with site-specific parameter setting in an urban area of Japan including a highly industrial region. There has been a strong need to assess the environmental fate of a huge number of existing chemicals. Data on the emission amounts of chemicals are essential for such prediction, and PRTR surveys may yield this data. The study delivered the following results: (1) Volatile compounds with large amounts of emission showed higher predicted concentrations in air, and the concentrations of several compounds agreed well with averaged monitoring data within an order of magnitude. (2) A close relationship was found between the concentration of water and that of sediment, suggesting that the fate of chemicals in sediment essentially depended on the water environment. (3) A group of volatile solvents had high mass distribution ratio to air. Some compounds having high solubility in water were also included in that group due to the high ratio of air emission. Highly hydrophobic compounds with logK(OW) larger than 6.0 showed a high distribution ratio to soil and sediment. (4) Volatile compounds were mostly taken through air. The exposure through fish is a dominant pathway for highly hydrophobic compounds. (5) Exposure ratio could be gathered from physicochemical properties. The exposure from fish intake was roughly estimated by logK(OW), whereas exposure from air and water intake was difficult to estimate simply by vapor pressure and solubility in water, respectively.
Kawamoto
Katsuya
K
Research Center for Material Cycles and Waste Management, National Institute for Environmental Studies, 16-2 Onogawa, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8506, Japan. kawamoto@nies.go.jp
Park
Kyong A
KA
D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008956:Models, Chemical; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D018570:Risk Assessment
D004785:Environmental Pollutants