title: G-6A polymorphism of the angiotensinogen gene and its association with left ventricular mass in asymptomatic young adults from a biethnic community: the Bogalusa Heart Study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Angiotensinogen (AGT), the precursor of angiotensin II and a rate limiting factor in the renin-angiotensin system, is implicated in left ventricular hypertrophy, as angiotensin II is a potent stimulator of cardiac growth. A genetic variant (G-6A) in the proximal promoter region of the AGT gene may be particularly important for changes in left ventricular mass (LVM). However, previous findings associating this variant with LVM among relatively older adults with cardiovascular morbidity are inconsistent and contradictory.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study examined the effect of G-6A polymorphism on LVM in a biethnic (African American and white), community-based sample of 362 asymptomatic younger adults (mean age 32.5 years, 71% white, 39% male). Two-dimensional M-mode echocardiography was used to assess LVM, and the indexation of LVM for height(2.7) (LVMI) was used to adjust for body size.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The frequency of the variant A(-6) allele was higher in subjects of African American than in white ethnicity (0.819 v 0.439, P < .0001), with carriers (GA+AA) representing 97.0% of African American as compared to 66.6% of white subjects. After adjusting for age, ethnicity (for total sample), gender, body mass index, systolic BP, and homeostasis model assessment index of insulin resistance, mean levels for both LVM and LVMI showed a significant decreasing trend with increasing gene dosage of the A(-6) allele in white subjects, African American subjects, and the total sample.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results indicate that the A(-6) allele frequency differs markedly between African Americans and white individuals, and that the variant allele modulates LVM and LVMI in a beneficial manner in asymptomatic young adults of white and African American ethnicities.
authors.affiliation: Tulane Center for Cardiovascular Health, Tulane University Health Science Center, New Orleans, Louisiana 70112, USA.
authors.forename: Dharmendrakumar A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Shengxu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Sathanur R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Srinivasan
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Boerwinkle
authors.forename: Gerald S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Berenson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000235:genetics*; D000483:Alleles; D000808:Angiotensinogen / Q000235:genetics*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004452:Echocardiography; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000808:Angiotensinogen