title: Arabidopsis calcium-dependent protein kinase AtCPK32 interacts with ABF4, a transcriptional regulator of abscisic acid-responsive gene expression, and modulates its activity.
abstract: The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) regulates stress-responsive gene expression during vegetative growth. The ABA regulation of many genes is mediated by a subfamily of basic leucine zipper class transcription factors referred to as ABFs (i.e. ABF1-ABF4), whose transcriptional activity is induced by ABA. Here we show that a calcium-dependent protein kinase is involved in the ABA-dependent activation process. We carried out yeast two-hybrid screens to identify regulatory components of ABF4 function and isolated AtCPK32 as an ABF4-interacting protein. AtCPK32 has autophosphorylation activity and can phosphorylate ABF4 in vitro. Mutational analysis indicated that serine-110 of ABF4, which is highly conserved among ABF family members, may be phosphorylated by AtCPK32. The serine-110 residue is essential for ABF4-AtCPK32 interaction, and transient expression assay revealed that it is also required for the normal transcriptional function of ABF4. The expression patterns and subcellular localization of AtCPK32 are similar to those of ABF4. Furthermore, its overexpression affects both ABA sensitivity and the expression of a number of ABF4-regulated genes. Together, our data demonstrate that AtCPK32 is an ABA signaling component that regulates the ABA-responsive gene expression via ABF4.
authors.affiliation: Kumho Life and Environmental Science Laboratory, Gwangju 500-712, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyung-in
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hee-Jin
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Ji Hye
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Sunmi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Min-Young
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Im
authors.forename: Hyo-Hyun
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Seo
authors.forename: Yong-Woo
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Inhwan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Soo Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000040:Abscisic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001483:Base Sequence; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017124:Conserved Sequence; D018744:DNA, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000187:drug effects; D017343:Genes, Plant; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators / Q000494:pharmacology; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D018744:DNA, Plant; D010937:Plant Growth Regulators; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D000040:Abscisic Acid; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases