title: Cultural investment: providing opportunities to reduce risky behavior among gay American Indian males.
abstract: Many gay American Indian (GAI) men feel alienated from their tribal, ceremonial and social communities because of homophobia and heterosexism. As a result, they often turn to their local gay community for social participation and sex opportunities. It is no secret that a significant aspect of some gay communities is socializing in local bars and clubs. The gay bar scene makes healthy living difficult for Native American gay men. This is especially the case for those who are in alcohol or drug recovery. In response, gay Native men's support groups are attempting to make available a cultural alternative to the double bind of alienation from one's Native community and exposure to substance abuse by providing alcohol and substance free opportunities for ceremonial and social involvement. The hope is that the men will go to bars less frequently and instead turn to Native cultural activities in men's groups for social, spiritual and emotional support. The logic of this approach assumes that individuals who are culturally invested in a community will gain a level of self and social acceptance, making them less likely to abuse substances and put themselves at risk for HIV infection. The information presented in this article comes from over six years of ethnographic research among GAI men concerning self and social acceptance, HIV/AIDS and American Indian GLBT identity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anthropology and ALANA U.S. Ethnic Studies, University of Vermont, Burlington, Vermont 05405, USA.
authors.forename: Brian Joseph
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Gilley
authors.forename: John Hawk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Co-Cké
mesh_terms: D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior; D012944:Social Support; D047568:Unsafe Sex