title: Antifungal susceptibilities of clinical and environmental isolates of Cryptococcus neoformans in Goiânia city, Goiás, Brazil.
abstract: We evaluated the antifungal activities of amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole in 70 Cryptococcus neoformans strains obtained from cerebrospinal fluid from AIDS patients and 40 C. neoformans strains isolated from the environment. Four clinical isolates were identified as C. neoformans var. gattii. The susceptibility test was done using a broth microdilution method according to NCCLS M27-A2. Range minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) for C. neoformans clinical isolates were 0.06-1.0 microg/mL for amphotericin B, 0.125-8 microg/mL for fluconazole, 0.03-0.5 microg/mL for itraconazole and 0.03-0.25 microg/mL for voriconazole. C. neoformans environmental isolates showed range MICs 0.015-0.125 microg/mL, 0.25-2.0 microg/mL, 0.007-0.125 microg/mL and 0.03-0.25 microg/mL for amphotericin B, fluconazole, itraconazole and voriconazole respectively. The MICs results obtained from clinical and environmental isolates showed similar pattern of susceptibility and no resistance has been found in our isolates.
authors.affiliation: Laboratório de Micologia, Instituto de Patologia Tropical e Saúde Pública, Universidade Federal de Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, Brazil.
authors.forename: Lúcia Kioko Hasimoto
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Orionalda de Fátima Lisboa
authors.initials: Ode F
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: Cláudia Castelo Branco Artiaga
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Xisto Sena
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Passos
authors.forename: Carolina Rodrigues
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Janine Aquino
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lemos
authors.forename: Ary Henrique
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Souza-Júnior
authors.forename: Maria do Rosário Rodrigues
authors.initials: Mdo R
authors.lastname: Silva
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000494:pharmacology; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001938:Brazil; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D015725:Fluconazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000379:methods; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D014230:Triazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D065819:Voriconazole
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D011743:Pyrimidines; D014230:Triazoles; D017964:Itraconazole; D000666:Amphotericin B; D015725:Fluconazole; D065819:Voriconazole