Use and abuse of EEG in the diagnosis of idiopathic generalized epilepsies.
This article concentrates on the role of electroencephalograms (EEGs) in the diagnosis and management of patients with idiopathic generalized epilepsies (IGEs). We review the morphologic and behavioral characteristics of the interictal and ictal EEG markers of IGE that should guide recording strategies to augment its diagnostic yield, and we attempt to delineate those particular features that may be relevant to different IGE syndromes. We also explore the electrographic boundaries between IGEs and cryptogenic/symptomatic generalized and focal epilepsies, and focal/secondary generalized epilepsies, with particular relevance to the phenomena of focal abnormalities and secondary bilateral synchrony, commenting on possible diagnostic pitfalls and areas of uncertainty.
Koutroumanidis
Michael
M
Department of Clinical Neurophysiology and Epilepsies, St Thomas' Hospital, London, United Kingdom. michael.koutroumanidis@gstt.sthames.nhs.uk
Smith
Shelagh
S
D015415:Biomarkers; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003951:Diagnostic Errors / Q000145:classification; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004828:Epilepsies, Partial / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis; D004829:Epilepsy, Generalized / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis*; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis; D013577:Syndrome
D015415:Biomarkers