title: Individual contributions of the human metapneumovirus F, G, and SH surface glycoproteins to the induction of neutralizing antibodies and protective immunity.
abstract: We evaluated the individual contributions of the three surface glycoproteins of human metapneumovirus (HMPV), namely the fusion F, attachment G, and small hydrophobic SH proteins, to the induction of serum HMPV-binding antibodies, serum HMPV-neutralizing antibodies, and protective immunity. Using reverse genetics, each HMPV protein was expressed individually from an added gene in recombinant human parainfluenza virus type 1 (rHPIV1) and used to infect hamsters once or twice by the intranasal route. The F protein was highly immunogenic and protective, whereas G and SH were only weakly or negligibly immunogenic and protective, respectively. Thus, in contrast to other paramyxoviruses, the HMPV attachment G protein is not a major neutralization or protective antigen. Also, although the SH protein of HMPV is a virion protein that is much larger than its counterparts in previously studied paramyxoviruses, it does not appear to be a significant neutralization or protective antigen.
authors.affiliation: Respiratory Viruses Section, Laboratory of Infectious Diseases, NIAID, NIH, DHHS, Bethesda, MD 20892-8007, USA. mskiadopoulos@niaid.nih.gov
authors.forename: Mario H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Skiadopoulos
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Biacchesi
authors.forename: Ursula J
authors.initials: UJ
authors.lastname: Buchholz
authors.forename: Emérito
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Amaro-Carambot
authors.forename: Sonja R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Surman
authors.forename: Peter L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: Brian R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Murphy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood*; D001483:Base Sequence; D006224:Cricetinae; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D008647:Mesocricetus; D029121:Metapneumovirus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000472:pathogenicity; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D010222:Parainfluenza Virus 1, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018184:Paramyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; C484233:G glycoprotein, human metapneumovirus; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D014764:Viral Proteins