Stereotypy II: a review of neurobiological interpretations and suggestions for an integration with behavioral methods.
Stereotypy is a relatively common behavioral disorder displayed by individuals with developmental disabilities, including autism. In this paper, we review selected studies on neurobiological interpretations of stereotypy and pharmacological interventions for stereotypy. Specifically, we review studies that evaluated the effects of serotonin uptake inhibitors (e.g., clomipramine) or opioid antagonists (e.g., naltrexone) on stereotypy displayed by humans. Throughout, suggestions are made for the incorporation of behavioral methods into this area of research.
Rapp
John T
JT
Texana MHMR, Behavior Treatment and Training Center, 1818 Collins Road, Richmond, TX 77469, USA. john.rapp@texanamhmr.com
Vollmer
Timothy R
TR
D000818:Animals; D001321:Autistic Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D002997:Clomipramine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D009271:Naltrexone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism*; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019956:Stereotypic Movement Disorder / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000628:therapy*; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000523:psychology
D002997:Clomipramine; D009271:Naltrexone; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D012701:Serotonin; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors