title: Five rules to evaluate the optic disc and retinal nerve fiber layer for glaucoma.
abstract: A systematic approach for the examination of the optic disc and retinal nerve fiber layer is described that will aid in the detection of glaucoma. This approach encompasses 5 rules: evaluation of optic disc size, neuroretinal rim size and shape, retinal nerve fiber layer, presence of parapapillary atrophy, and presence of retinal or optic disc hemorrhages. A systematic process enhances the ability to detect glaucomatous damage as well as the detection of progression, and facilitates appropriate management.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterans Affairs, New York Harbor Health Care System, Brooklyn, New York 11425, USA. murray.fingeret@med.va.gov
authors.forename: Murray
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fingeret
authors.forename: Felipe A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Medeiros
authors.forename: Remo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Susanna
authors.forename: Robert N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: Weinreb
mesh_terms: D018450:Disease Progression; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D009412:Nerve Fibers / Q000473:pathology*; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000473:pathology*; D009901:Optic Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index