title: The viability of soft tissues in elderly subjects undergoing hip surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the viability of soft tissues in elderly patients subjected to prolonged support pressures.
  
  
  METHODS
  measurements were performed on the soft tissues of patients undergoing surgery for fracture of the proximal femur.
  
  
  METHODS
  10 subjects, mean age 84 years, participated. Transcutaneous gas tensions were continuously monitored in an area adjacent to the contralateral greater trochanter, which was loaded with an external applicator. Subcutaneous interstitial pressures using a slit catheter were also measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Transcutaneous oxygen partial pressure fell in some patients to critically low levels, defined as below 2.7 kPa (20 mmHg), whilst they were subjected to normal interface pressures on the operating table. Transcutaneous partial carbon dioxide pressures rarely rose above 8.0 kPa (60 mmHg). The measured interstitial pressures could lead to local occlusion of skin microvessels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study confirms that tissue viability could be compromised in elderly patients undergoing surgical procedures. The methods employed may be of value in assessing support surfaces in the operating theatre to reduce the incidence of pressure sores in this high-risk patient group.
authors.affiliation: The Nuffield Orthopaedic Centre, Oxford, UK. D.L.Bader@qmw.ac.uk
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Bader
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: White
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007431:Intraoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D010313:Partial Pressure; D011187:Posture; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011312:Pressure; D003668:Pressure Ulcer / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012307:Risk Factors; D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary
chemical_list: D017673:Sodium Chloride, Dietary; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D010100:Oxygen