title: Human metapneumovirus induces a profile of lung cytokines distinct from that of respiratory syncytial virus.
abstract: Lung cytokine and chemokine production by BALB/c mice infected with human metapneumovirus (hMPV) was compared to respiratory syncytial virus (RSV)-infected mice. hMPV infection induced lower levels of the inflammatory cytokines interleukin-1 (IL-1), IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor alpha but was a more potent inducer of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor and triggered a more sustained production of the CXC chemokine KC compared to RSV. hMPV was a stronger inducer of both alpha interferon (IFN-alpha) and IFN-gamma responses than RSV. In regard to immunomodulatory cytokines, hMPV failed to induce detectable IL-10 or IL-12p70 but was a potent inducer of IL-12 p40 subunit. The implications for hMPV pathogenesis are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Blvd., Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
authors.forename: Antonieta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guerrero-Plata
authors.forename: Antonella
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Casola
authors.forename: Roberto P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Garofalo
mesh_terms: D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D029121:Metapneumovirus / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D012136:Respiratory Syncytial Viruses / Q000276:immunology* / Q000502:physiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D007375:Interleukin-1; D015850:Interleukin-6; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha