title: Glycosaminoglycan composition of the large freshwater mollusc bivalve Anodonta anodonta.
abstract: In this paper, glycosaminoglycans from the body of the large freshwater mollusc bivalve Anodonta anodonta were recovered at about 0.6 mg/g of dry tissue, composed of chondroitin sulfate (approximately 38%), nonsulfated chondroitin (about 21%), and heparin (41%). This last polysaccharide was found to consist of a large percentage (approximately 88%) of a fast-moving species possessing a lower molecular mass and sulfate group amount and about 12% of a more sulfated, slow-moving component having a greater molecular mass. The chondroitin sulfate was composed of approximately 28% of the 6-sulfated disaccharide, 46% of the 4-sulfated disaccharide, and about 26% of the nonsulfated disaccharide, with a charge density value of 0.74. Heparin was subjected to the oligosaccharide mapping after treatment with heparinase and then separation of the resulting unsaturated oligosaccharides by SAX-HPLC. A heparin sample from Anodonta anodonta showed a degree of sulfation similar to that of bovine mucosal heparin because of the presence of approximately the same mol % of the trisulfated disaccharide (DeltaUA2S(1-->4)-alpha-D-GlcN2S6S), a slight modification of the other oligosaccharides, and a significant increase of the disaccharide bearing the sulfate group in position 3 of the N-sulfoglucosamine 6-sulfate (-->4)-beta-D-GlcA(1-->4)-alpha-D-GlcN2S3S6S(1-->) part of the ATIII-binding region. However, the anticoagulant activity of mollusc heparin was quite similar to that of pharmaceutical grade heparin. The data obtained again emphasize the heterogeneity of GAGs from molluscs.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Biologia Animale, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. volpi@unimo.it
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Volpi
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Maccari
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000838:Anions; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000737:chemistry; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry; D002417:Cattle; D002645:Chickens; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D004187:Disaccharides / Q000737:chemistry; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans / Q000737:chemistry*; D006493:Heparin / Q000737:chemistry; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D046911:Macromolecular Substances / Q000737:chemistry; D008974:Mollusca; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000737:chemistry; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry; D011485:Protein Binding; D012685:Sepharose / Q000737:chemistry; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013552:Swine; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014132:Trachea / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D000925:Anticoagulants; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D004187:Disaccharides; D006025:Glycosaminoglycans; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D011134:Polysaccharides; D012997:Solvents; D006493:Heparin; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D012685:Sepharose