title: High myocardial lactate concentration is associated with poor myocardial function prior to cardiopulmonary bypass.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to analyse the relationship between myocardial lactate--determined by microdialysis--and hemodynamics during coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB).
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty consecutive patients with coronary artery disease were enrolled for this prospective, observational study. Microdialysis measurements were performed in the apical region of the heart during periods of 15 to 20 min before, during, and after CPB; hemodynamics and plasma lactate concentrations were determined correspondingly. Correlation analysis revealed a relationship between myocardial lactate concentration and right ventricular ejection fraction at baseline (Spearman's r: 0.6; P=0.02). Patients were thus grouped according to the myocardial lactate concentration at baseline into a high-lactate group (2.5+/-0.7 mmol.l(-1), n=10) and low-lactate group (0.9+/-0.5 mmol.l(-1), n=10).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Preoperative left ventricular ejection fraction was not different between the groups (high-lactate group: 53+/-16%; low-lactate group: 57+/-15%; P=n.s.) Patients in the high-lactate-group had a lower stroke volume index (P=0.005) and right ventricular ejection fraction (P=0.04) before, and higher central venous and pulmonary artery pressures (P<0.01) after CPB. Plasma lactate was significantly higher during CPB in the high-lactate-group (P<0.05). No correlation was observed between myocardial and plasma lactate. Six patients in the high-lactate but none in the low-lactate-group needed inotropic support after weaning from CPB (P=0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data are suggestive of an association between subtle myocardial ischemia--detected by microdialysis--and perioperative myocardial dysfunction in patients undergoing CABG. The microdialysis technique may be a valuable adjunct for monitoring myocardial metabolism during cardiac surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, University of Luebeck, Lübeck, Germany. Heringlake@t-online.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Heringlake
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bahlmann
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Misfeld
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Poeling
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leptien
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kraatz
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Klaus
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D006334:Heart Function Tests; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007773:Lactates / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D017551:Microdialysis; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D013318:Stroke Volume; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left
chemical_list: D007773:Lactates