title: Effects of oil sands tailings compounds and harsh weather on mortality rates, growth and detoxification efforts in nestling tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor).
abstract: Oil sands mining companies in Alberta, Canada, are evaluating the feasibility of using wetlands to detoxify oil sands process material (OSPM) as a reclamation strategy. Reproductive success, nestling growth, survival and ethoxyresorufin-o-deethylase (EROD) activity were measured in tree swallows (Tachycineta bicolor) on experimental wetlands. In 2003, harsh weather triggered a widespread nestling die-off. Mortality rates on the control site reached 48% while they ranged from 59% to 100% on reclaimed wetlands. The odds of dying on the most process-affected sites were more than ten times higher than those on the control site. In 2004, weather was less challenging. Mortality rates were low, but nestlings on reclaimed wetlands weighed less than those on the control site, and had higher EROD activity. These results indicate that compared with reference birds, nestlings from OSPM-impacted wetlands may be less able to withstand additional stressors, which could decrease their chances of survival after fledging.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Pathology, University of Saskatchewan, 52 Campus Dr., Saskatoon, SK S7N 5B4, Canada. marie-line.gentes@usask.ca
authors.forename: Marie-Line
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Gentes
authors.forename: Cheryl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Waldner
authors.forename: Zsuzsanna
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Papp
authors.forename: Judit E G
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Smits
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002170:Canada; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000032:analysis; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D007220:Industrial Waste; D008899:Mineral Oil; D008906:Mining; D012098:Reproduction; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D046388:Swallows / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D014877:Water Pollution, Chemical; D014887:Weather; D053833:Wetlands
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D008899:Mineral Oil; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1