Resistance after single-dose nevirapine prophylaxis emerges in a high proportion of Malawian newborns.
The administration of single-dose nevirapine to women in labor and their infants can prevent HIV-1 mother-to-child transmission. We examined nevirapine resistance in infants who were HIV-1 infected despite single-dose nevirapine prophylaxis, including 18 Ugandan infants (HIVNET 012 trial, nine subtype A and nine subtype D) and 23 Malawian infants (NVAZ trial, all subtype C). Nevirapine resistance was more frequent in infants with subtype C than with subtypes A and D (87 versus 50%, P = 0.016).
Eshleman
Susan H
SH
Department of Pathology, The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD, USA.
Hoover
Donald R
DR
Chen
Shu
S
Hudelson
Sarah E
SE
Guay
Laura A
LA
Mwatha
Anthony
A
Fiscus
Susan A
SA
Mmiro
Francis
F
Musoke
Philippa
P
Jackson
J Brooks
JB
Kumwenda
Newton
N
Taha
Taha
T
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control; D008295:Malawi; D019829:Nevirapine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000517:prevention & control*
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D019829:Nevirapine