title: Genomic organization, gene duplication, and expression analysis of interleukin-1beta in channel catfish (Ictalurus punctatus).
abstract: Interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) is one of the pivotal early response pro-inflammatory cytokines that enables organisms to respond to infection and induces a cascade of reactions leading to inflammation. In spite of its importance and two decades of studies in the mammalian species, genes encoding IL-1beta were not identified from non-mammalian species until recently. Recent research, particularly with genomic approaches, has led to sequencing of IL-1beta from many species. Clinical studies also suggested IL-1beta as an immunoregulatory molecule potentially useful for enhancing vaccination. However, no IL-1beta genes have been identified from channel catfish, the primary aquaculture species from the United States. In this study, we identified two distinct cDNAs encoding catfish IL-1beta. Their encoding genes were identified, sequenced, and characterized. The catfish IL-1beta genes were assigned to bacterial artificial chromosome (BAC) clones. Genomic studies indicated that the IL-1beta genes were tandemly duplicated on the same chromosome. Phylogenetic analysis of various IL-1beta genes indicated the possibility of recent species-specific gene duplications in channel catfish, and perhaps also in swine and carp. Expression analysis indicated that both IL-1beta genes were expressed, but exhibited distinct expression profiles in various catfish tissues, and after bacterial infection with Edwardsiella ictaluri.
authors.affiliation: The Fish Molecular Genetics and Biotechnology Laboratory, Department of Fisheries and Allied Aquacultures and Program of Cell and Molecular Biosciences, Aquatic Genomics Unit, Auburn University, 203 Swingle Hall, Auburn, AL 36849, USA.
authors.forename: Yaping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Puttharat
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Baoprasertkul
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Peatman
authors.forename: Zhanjiang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D022202:Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D020610:Edwardsiella ictaluri; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology*; D020440:Gene Duplication; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D023061:Gene Order; D016678:Genome / Q000235:genetics; D007059:Ictaluridae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D007375:Interleukin-1