title: Fas ligand reduces viability in primary melanoma short-term cell cultures more than in metastatic melanoma short-term cell cultures.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Apoptotic pathway aberrations are reported as important tumor progression factors in melanoma.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Effect of soluble Fas ligand (sFasL) and tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) on short-term cultured melanoma cell viability from different stages of melanoma.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recombinant human FasL reduced viability after 18 h in a dose-dependent manner in 4 of 5 cell cultures from primary tumors and 1 of 9 cell cultures from metastatic melanoma (67.5 vs. 96.4%, p = 0.007). DNA fragmentation on flow cytometry confirmed apoptosis. Incubation with TRAIL had no effect on melanoma cell viability. Immunohistochemistry showed Fas in 3 of 4 primary and in 6 of 7 metastatic lesions, no FasL in primary lesions, and FasL in 5 of 7 metastatic lesions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Melanoma short-term cell cultures from primary tumors show decreased viability under FasL, but not TRAIL stimulation rather than short-term cell cultures derived from metastases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland. gfl@hofbauer.ch
authors.forename: Günther F L
authors.initials: GF
authors.lastname: Hofbauer
authors.forename: Naohito
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hatta
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Daigle
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hemmi
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Spanaus Schlapbach
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Willers
authors.forename: Günter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Burg
authors.forename: Hans-Uwe
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dummer
mesh_terms: D000954:Antigens, Surface / Q000032:analysis*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D053938:DNA Fragmentation; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019169:Jurkat Cells; D008024:Ligands; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000473:pathology; D008545:Melanoma / Q000473:pathology* / Q000556:secondary; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D013997:Time Factors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology; D048069:Tumor Necrosis Factors / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019014:fas Receptor / Q000032:analysis / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000954:Antigens, Surface; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; C505661:FASLG protein, human; D053222:Fas Ligand Protein; D008024:Ligands; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D048069:Tumor Necrosis Factors; D019014:fas Receptor