title: A bi-dimensional regression tree approach to the modeling of gene expression regulation.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The transcriptional regulation of a gene depends on the binding of cis-regulatory elements on its promoter to some transcription factors and the expression levels of the transcription factors. Most existing approaches to studying transcriptional regulation model these dependencies separately, i.e. either from promoters to gene expression or from the expression levels of transcription factors to the expression levels of genes. Little effort has been devoted to a single model for integrating both dependencies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We propose a novel method to model gene expression using both promoter sequences and the expression levels of putative regulators. The proposed method, called bi-dimensional regression tree (BDTree), extends a multivariate regression tree approach by applying it simultaneously to both genes and conditions of an expression matrix. The method produces hypotheses about the condition-specific binding motifs and regulators for each gene. As a side-product, the method also partitions the expression matrix into small submatrices in a way similar to bi-clustering. We propose and compare several splitting functions for building the tree. When applied to two microarray datasets of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae, BDTree successfully identifies most motifs and regulators that are known to regulate the biological processes underlying the datasets. Comparing with an existing algorithm, BDTree provides a higher prediction accuracy in cross-validations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Washington University in St Louis, St Louis, MO 63130, USA.
authors.forename: Jianhua
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.forename: Weixiong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D003198:Computer Simulation; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods*; D015966:Gene Expression Regulation, Fungal / Q000502:physiology*; D008957:Models, Genetic; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000502:physiology*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D012984:Software; D015533:Transcriptional Activation / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins