title: The distribution of Tannerella forsythia in an adolescent and adult population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The fact that Tannerella forsythia, an important periopathogen, is difficult to cultivate from mixed infections has impeded precise estimates of its distribution within a given population. In order to discern T. forsythia alone from the mixed infection of plaque, the use of sensitive 16S ribosomal RNA based polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection is necessary.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to determine the distribution of T. forsythia in an adult and in an adolescent population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subgingival plaque samples were obtained from 498 Australian adults and from 228 adolescent subjects from Manchester, UK. Tannerella forsythia was detected using PCR and confirmed by restriction analysis. Semi-quantitation of the organisms was carried out using two specific primers of differing sensitivities.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the adolescent population, 25% were found to carry T. forsythia, albeit in relatively low numbers. In the adult population, a total of 37.8% and 11% were found to carry the organism with primer 2 and primer 1, respectively, suggesting that around 27% had between 10(3) and 10(7) organisms. Although there was an apparent increased proportion of T. forsythia positive subjects in those aged > or = 50 years, this was not statistical significant. However, T. forsythia positive male smokers showed increased disease severity compared with T. forsythia negative subjects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study has shown that at least 25% of the adolescent population carry low numbers of T. forsythia, whereas at least 37% of adults carry the organism, with some 11% having relatively high numbers. The relationship between T. forsythia and disease progression in these populations, however, remains to be determined.
authors.affiliation: Oral Biology & Pathology, University of Queensland, Brisbane, Australia. D.Narayanan@griffith.edu.au
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Narayanan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hamlet
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cullinan
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ellwood
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bird
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Seymour
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001439:Bacteroides / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002648:Child; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000145:classification / Q000382:microbiology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000032:analysis; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S