title: Autorepression of rfx1 gene expression: functional conservation from yeast to humans in response to DNA replication arrest.
abstract: The yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae Crt1 transcription repressor is an effector of the DNA damage and replication checkpoint pathway. Crt1 binds and represses genes encoding ribonucleotide reductase (RNR) and its own promoter, establishing a negative-feedback pathway. The role of Rfx1, the mammalian Crt1 homologue, remained uncertain. In this study we investigated the possibility that Rfx1 plays a similar function in animal cells. We show here that, like Crt1, Rfx1 binds and represses its own promoter. Furthermore, Rfx1 binding to its promoter is reduced upon induction of a DNA replication block by hydroxyurea, which led to a release of repression. Significantly, like Crt1, Rfx1 binds and represses the RNR-R2 gene. Upon blocking replication and UV treatment, expression of both Rfx1 and RNR-R2 is induced; however, unlike the results seen with the RNR-R2 gene, the derepression of the RFX1 gene is only partially blocked by inhibiting Chk1, the DNA checkpoint kinase. This report provides evidence for a common mechanism for Crt1 and Rfx1 expression and for the conservation of their mode of action in response to a DNA replication block. We suggest that Rfx1 plays a role in the DNA damage response by down-regulating a subset of genes whose expression is increased in response to replication blocking and UV-induced DNA damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
authors.forename: Yoav
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lubelsky
authors.forename: Nina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Reuven
authors.forename: Yosef
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shaul
mesh_terms: D002453:Cell Cycle; D004247:DNA / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D004261:DNA Replication / Q000235:genetics*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D006918:Hydroxyurea / Q000494:pharmacology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000071701:Regulatory Factor X Transcription Factors; D000071716:Regulatory Factor X1; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C000605537:RFX1 protein, human; D000071701:Regulatory Factor X Transcription Factors; D000071716:Regulatory Factor X1; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; D004247:DNA; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D006918:Hydroxyurea