title: What health domains and items are important to patients with knee osteoarthritis? A focus group study in a multiethnic urban Asian population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine important health-related quality of life (HRQoL) domains and items within each domain affected by knee osteoarthritis (OA), identify ethnic variations in the importance of these domains and items among three ethnic groups, and determine how identified domains and items mapped onto selected OA-specific HRQoL instruments.
  
  
  METHODS
  Focus groups were conducted among subjects with knee OA stratified by gender, ethnicity, and language spoken. All focus groups were audio-taped and transcribed verbatim, with subsequent translation into English for groups conducted in other languages. Data analysis was performed by combining the key elements of grounded theory and content analysis with the assistance of the qualitative software ATLAS/ti 5.0.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five domains (pain, physical disability, other symptoms of OA, mental health, and social health) were identified from the 74 items reported as important by at least one subject. These domains were important for subjects from all ethnic groups with the exception of social health, which was more often important for Malay subjects. Items more commonly reported as important in the pain, physical disability, and other symptoms of OA domains were generally similar across ethnic groups. In contrast, important items in the mental and social health domains differed among ethnic groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The impact of knee OA on HRQoL is broadly similar in both Asian and Western socio-cultural contexts. Both similarities and differences in important domains and items were identified among subjects with knee OA from three major Asian ethnic groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy, National University of Singapore, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: S-C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: K-Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Fong
authors.forename: N-N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: S-J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Yeo
authors.forename: K-Y
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thumboo
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D044466:Asian People; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods; D011788:Quality of Life; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012846:Singapore; D014504:Urban Health