title: Radioactive byproducts in [18O]H2O used to produce 18F for [18F]FDG synthesis.
abstract: Potential radioactive byproducts in [(18)O]H(2)O irradiated with 9.6 MeV protons to produce (18)F were analyzed theoretically and experimentally. Twenty two nuclear reaction cross sections included in the National Nuclear Data Center's (NNDC) data base were selected from the possible nuclear reactions between 9.6 MeV protons and a silver havar target. Ten radionuclides: (52)Mn, (55)Fe, (55)Co, (56)Co, (57)Co, (58)Co, (59)Ni, (95)Tc, (96)Tc and (109)Cd were detected experimentally in [(18)O]H(2)O by using high purity germanium semiconductor detectors. The activities of the 10 radionuclides were distributed between 4B q and 1.2k Bq. These activities were less than the reference values given in the International Basic Safety Standards. The radionuclides derived from nuclear reactions between a silver target body and 9.6 MeV protons at a beam current 25 microA for 60 min irradiation would be exempt from restrictions for radioactive waste. The purified [(18)F]FDG prepared from (18)F produced by irradiating a silver havlar target with 9.6 MeV protons was not contaminated by the radionuclides.
authors.affiliation: Radioisotope Research Center, Nagoya University, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8602, Japan. z47586a@cc.nagoya-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakane
authors.forename: Shizuhiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Deji
authors.forename: Takuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saze
authors.forename: Kunihide
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nishizawa
mesh_terms: D004340:Drug Contamination / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005462:Fluorine Radioisotopes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000138:chemical synthesis*; D007553:Isotope Labeling / Q000379:methods; D008422:Materials Testing; D010103:Oxygen Isotopes / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000032:analysis / Q000138:chemical synthesis; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D005462:Fluorine Radioisotopes; D010103:Oxygen Isotopes; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D014867:Water; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18