Vaccines against typhoid fever.
Because of high infectivity and significant disease burden, typhoid fever constitutes a major global health problem. Implementation of adequate food handling practices and establishment of safe water supplies are the cornerstone for the development of an effective prevention program. However, vaccination against typhoid fever remains an essential tool for the effective management of this disease. Currently, there are two well tolerated and effective licensed vaccines. One is based on defined subunit virulence (Vi) polysaccharide antigen and can be administered either intramuscularly or subcutaneously and the other is based on the use of live attenuated bacteria for oral administration. The advantages and disadvantages of the various approaches taken in the development of a vaccine against typhoid fever are discussed, along with the potential for future vaccine candidates.
Guzman
Carlos A
CA
Vaccine Research Group, Division of Microbiology, GBF-German Research Centre for Biotechnology, Mascheroder Weg 1, Braunschweig, Germany.
Borsutzky
Stefan
S
Griot-Wenk
Monika
M
Metcalfe
Ian C
IC
Pearman
Jon
J
Collioud
Andre
A
Favre
Didier
D
Dietrich
Guido
G
D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D003429:Cross Reactions; D006801:Humans; D010284:Paratyphoid Fever / Q000517:prevention & control; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; D012482:Salmonella paratyphi A / Q000276:immunology; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000276:immunology; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014436:Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit
D000942:Antigens, Bacterial; D011135:Polysaccharides, Bacterial; D014436:Typhoid-Paratyphoid Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated; D022223:Vaccines, Subunit