title: Use of BioGlue surgical adhesive for brow fixation in endoscopic browplasty.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the efficacy, longevity, and safety of BioGlue Surgical Adhesive for periosteal fixation in endoscopic browlifts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of 80 patients who underwent endoscopic browlift using BioGlue as the primary means of periosteal fixation. Visits were categorized as preoperative, 1 to 2 months, 3 to 6 months, and 7 to 12 months, and photographs of the first 15 patients were evaluated for change in brow position at each of these visits. Brow position was measured at the lowest brow hairs at the midpupillary and lateral canthus positions. Follow-up was 3 months to 3 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All of the first 15 patients were included in the 1- to 2-month postoperative grouping, 13 in the 3- to 6-month grouping, and 10 in the 7- to 12-month grouping. At all postoperative visits, brow elevation was significantly maintained during 12-month follow-up. Revision has been required in only 1 of 80 patients to date.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  BioGlue is an effective and safe method of maintaining brow position in endoscopic browplasty. Brow elevation achieved using BioGlue was significantly maintained during the 7- to 12-month postoperative period. Tissue adhesives such as BioGlue have the potential to become significant adjuncts in facial plastic surgery and warrant more critical evaluation.
authors.affiliation: The Maas Clinic, 2400 Clay Street, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA.
authors.forename: Douglas M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Sidle
authors.forename: Benjamin M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Loos
authors.forename: Alexander L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Ramirez
authors.forename: Sheldon S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Kabaker
authors.forename: Corey S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Maas
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D005138:Eyebrows; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011506:Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014014:Tissue Adhesives / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016707:Tissue Fixation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: C472676:Bio-glue; D011506:Proteins; D014014:Tissue Adhesives