title: Validation of a short disease specific quality of life scale for hemifacial spasm: correlation with SF-36.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A short, practical, and validated quality of life (QoL) scale for hemifacial spasm (HFS) is not currently available.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the reliability and validity of a short self-rating scale (HFS-7) by comparing HFS patients with healthy controls. We also evaluated the correlation of HFS-7 with the physical and mental domains of SF-36, a generic QoL scale.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven self-rating items (HFS-7) were administered to HFS patients and healthy controls. In addition, HFS patients answered the SF-36 questionnaire. The validity and reliability of HFS-7 were analysed and correlation between HFS-7 and SF-36 examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 178 subjects were enrolled in the study, including 85 HFS patients with mean age of 54.8 (SD 11.0) years, of whom 52 (61.2%) were women, and 93 controls with mean age of 51.4 (SD 10.0) years, of whom 59 (63.4%) were women. The test-retest intraclass correlation coefficient for the seven items was between 0.75 and 0.90 and Cronbach's coefficient of reliability for the HFS-7 scale was 0.88. Every item in HFS-7 discriminated between disease and controls (p<0.0001). The HFS-7 summary index correlated with the SF-36 summary score (Spearman's correlation r = -0.28, p = 0.009), in particular the mental health summary score (r = -0.416, p<0.0001) and the emotional domain (r = -0.466, p<0.00001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HFS-7 could prove useful as a simple clinical tool to assess and monitor QoL measures in HFS patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, Singapore 169608. gnrtek@sgh.com.sg
authors.forename: E K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fook-Chong
authors.forename: S-Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lum
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thumboo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D019569:Hemifacial Spasm / Q000150:complications* / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires