title: Time microscopy for all kinds of data including circadian clock biology.
abstract: Data showing a rhythm to the naked eye prominently, barely or not at all were described as kinds A, B and C, respectively. Here, we document good agreement between estimates of maxima and minima with eyeballing and with the addition of point and interval estimates of parameters in kind A data. We also construct a chart that provides estimates of uncertainties that can be obtained objectively while they are more difficult to quantify subjectively; again there is agreement. Interval as point estimates of rhythm characteristics and parameter comparisons are useful in charting all kinds of data and become indispensable as we proceed from kind A to kind C data. Illustrations included herein from molecular biology apply equally to all aspects of transdisciplinary science.
authors.affiliation: Halberg Chronobiology Center, University of Minnesota, MMC 8609, 420 Delaware Street SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Katinas
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Halberg
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cornélissen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Otsuka
authors.forename: E E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Bakken
mesh_terms: D056930:ARNTL Transcription Factors; D000818:Animals; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D016014:Linear Models; D051379:Mice; D015233:Models, Statistical; D017711:Nonlinear Dynamics; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012313:RNA / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D013493:Suprachiasmatic Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D056930:ARNTL Transcription Factors; D051792:Basic Helix-Loop-Helix Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D012313:RNA; C538961:Bmal1 protein, mouse