title: The 103I variant of the melanocortin 4 receptor is associated with low serum triglyceride levels.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The melanocortin 4 receptor (MC4R) is an essential regulator of energy intake and body weight. Recently, the V103I polymorphism of MC4R has been shown to be negatively associated with body mass index. This suggests that serum lipids and blood pressure in individuals carrying the 103I allele might be influenced as well.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to determine whether the most common polymorphism of the MC4R, V103I, affects serum lipid levels and/or blood pressure.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study participants were 1173 consecutive patients undergoing cardiac catheterization; they were genotyped for the rs2229616 G-->A substitution at codon 103 (V103I polymorphism) of the MC4R gene. Patients had strictly fasted for at least 12 h before blood samples were drawn. The average age of the patients was 60.9 yr; 72% were males.
  
  
  METHODS
  The main outcome measures were body mass index, serum lipids, aortic and systolic blood pressure, and MC4R polymorphism V103I.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Heterozygous carriers of the 103I allele had significantly lower triglyceride levels than individuals homozygous for the wild-type allele (127 vs. 168 mg/dl mean total triglyceride; P = 0.001 or 0.009 after Bonferroni adjustment for seven tests). No homozygous carriers of the 103I allele were present in the study population.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study suggests an influence of MC4R activity on triglyceride levels in cardiovascular patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Duisburg-Essen, Virchowstrasse 174, 45147 Essen, Germany. guenter.broenner@uni-duisburg-essen.de
authors.forename: Günter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brönner
authors.forename: Alexander M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Sattler
authors.forename: Anke
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hinney
authors.forename: Muhidien
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Soufi
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Geller
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schäfer
authors.forename: Bernhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Maisch
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hebebrand
authors.forename: Juergen R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Schaefer
mesh_terms: D001794:Blood Pressure; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D044105:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D044105:Receptor, Melanocortin, Type 4; D014280:Triglycerides; D004247:DNA; D002784:Cholesterol