title: [Immunological tolerance].
abstract: New immunosuppressive agents have significantly improved early survival after organ transplantation for patients with end-stage organ failure. However, a major problem in transplantation is continued to be graft rejection. Chronic allograft rejection threatens the long-term survival of organ transplant recipients. Therefore, induction of donor specific tolerance is very important for improving long-term survival after transplantation. The costimulatory pathways are crucial in regulating T cell activation and donor specific tolerance. The costimulatory pathways are potential therapeutic targets for inducing donor specific tolerance and improving long-term survival after transplantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Tokyo Medical and Dental University.
authors.forename: Hisanori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kosuge
authors.forename: Mitsuaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Isobe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D016377:Organ Transplantation