title: A randomised controlled trial to evaluate the effect of self-administered analgesia on women's experience of outpatient treatment at colposcopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effect of self-administered isoflurane and desflurane on women's experience of outpatient treatment at colposcopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective double-blinded randomised controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  A colposcopy clinic serving a regional population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hundred and ninety-six women scheduled for treatment of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) by large loop excision of the transformation zone (LLETZ).
  
  
  METHODS
  Self-administration of trial gas during a LLETZ procedure. One hundred and ninety-eight women were randomised to use isoflurane and desflurane and 198 to use placebo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patient satisfaction, pain and anxiety.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean pain score for cervical surgery was significantly lower for women using isoflurane and desflurane (22.4) than the placebo arm (29.6) (P= 0.003). There was no significant difference between arms in anxiety levels before or after treatment. More women using isoflurane and desflurane (78%) reported 'total helpfulness' of the trial gas than those using placebo (67%) (P= 0.012). A subgroup analysis of trial participants classified as anxious by Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) score at recruitment showed that using isoflurane and desflurane significantly increased total treatment acceptability, helpfulness of the gas and willingness to undergo a similar procedure at six-month follow up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Satisfaction with outpatient treatment at colposcopy is generally high. The main effect of isoflurane and desflurane evaluated in this trial was to reduce pain. It appeared to be effective for women with clinically significant anxiety and could be offered as an alternative to general anaesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Wellbeing Centre for the Prevention of Cervical Cancer, University of Aberdeen, UK.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Cruickshank
authors.forename: G B
authors.initials: GB
authors.lastname: Anthony
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fitzmaurice
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McConnell
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tunstall
authors.forename: J A S
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ross
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000379:methods; D016058:Analgesia, Patient-Controlled / Q000379:methods*; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001007:Anxiety; D003127:Colposcopy / Q000379:methods*; D000077335:Desflurane; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D002578:Uterine Cervical Dysplasia / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D000077335:Desflurane; D007530:Isoflurane