title: Dynamic contrast-enhanced MR urography in the evaluation of pediatric hydronephrosis: Part 2, anatomic and functional assessment of ureteropelvic junction obstruction [corrected].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of our study was to retrospectively review our experience using MR urography in the diagnosis of ureteropelvic junction (UPJ) obstruction in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-one studies were performed in 50 children with hydronephrosis but without hydroureter. Anatomic criteria assessed included degree of hydronephrosis, morphology of the renal pelvis, atrophy of medulla, swirling contrast material, fluid levels, and the presence of fetal folds and crossing vessels. Functional criteria included renal transit time, differential renal function, and time-intensity curves when available.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-one kidneys were classified as obstructed, 15 as equivocal, and 15 as nonobstructed. Obstructed systems had more marked hydronephrosis, more extensive medullary atrophy, more fluid levels, and more swirling contrast material. Fetal folds were seen in only the equivocal and nonobstructed groups. Crossing vessels were seen in all groups. Obstructed systems also showed greater functional derangement, decreased split renal function, and abnormal time-intensity curves.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MR urography provides both excellent anatomic and functional information in children with UPJ obstruction in a single test that does not use ionizing radiation. MR urography may lead to greater understanding of the pathophysiology of UPJ obstruction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin B
authors.initials: BB
authors.lastname: McDaniel
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Hal
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Scherz
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Kirsch
authors.forename: Stephen B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Little
authors.forename: J Damien
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Grattan-Smith
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D006869:Hydronephrosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014517:Ureteral Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA