title: A novel treatment of grade III acromioclavicular joint dislocations with a C-hook implant.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study evaluates the results of the new surgical treatment of complete acromioclavicular (ac) dislocations using coracoclavicular (cc) fixation with a shape memory metal C-hook implant.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen patients were prospectively analyzed. They all had a Tossy III ac dislocation due to trauma. The ac ligament was reinserted using a surgical bone anchor, and the position of the joint was restored by fixing it with a C-hook. After 3 months the C-hook was removed. Functional status, symptom severity, X-rays and patient satisfaction were analyzed during clinical control visits. The follow-up time was 1 year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 12 weeks, full shoulder function had been achieved by 93% of the patients. The final control visit showed full recovery of active ROM in all patients. Two patients had mild pain during certain movements. X-rays showed the precise anatomical position of ac joint with no statistically significant differences compared to the healthy side. Patient contentment was excellent in 14 cases and satisfactory in one case. The average sick-leave was 58 days, including the removal operation. Minor osteolysis of the clavicle was noticed in two patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The new C-hook implant provides accurate anatomical reduction, conserves the articular surfaces and enables fast functional recovery with excellent patient contentment. Technically, the implant is easy to use. Based on this study, the C-hook presents a reliable novel treatment option in surgical ac repair.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Oulu, 90220 , Oulu, Finland. jorma.ryhanen@oulu.fi
authors.forename: Jorma
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ryhänen
authors.forename: Antti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Leminen
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jämsä
authors.forename: Juha
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tuukkanen
authors.forename: Antti
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pramila
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Raatikainen
mesh_terms: D000173:Acromioclavicular Joint / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D020878:Device Removal; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D016268:Internal Fixators; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008023:Ligaments, Articular / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D020127:Recovery of Function; D016896:Treatment Outcome