title: Effect of different levels of cigarette smoking on lipid peroxidation, glutathione enzymes and paraoxonase 1 activity in healthy people.
abstract: The purpose of this study was to examine the effect of different levels of cigarette smoking on lipid peroxidation, glutathione enzymes and paraoxonase 1 (PON1) activity in a healthy population. The study included 130 subjects who were classified as mild (<or=10 cigarettes daily, Group I, n=30), moderate (11-20 cigarettes daily, Group II, n=35), heavy (>20 cigarettes daily, Group III, n=33) and never smokers (controls, Group IV, n=32). Malondialdehyde (MDA) levels, PON1 and erythrocyte glutathione enzyme activities were measured. MDA levels were significantly higher in smokers than never smokers (P<0.05 for Group I, P<0.001 for Group II and III). PON1 activity was significantly lower in heavy smokers (P<0.001). Glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activity was significantly lower in the smokers (P<0.0001). Glutathione reductase (GR) activity was significantly higher in smokers (P<0.0001). MDA levels negatively correlated with PON1 and GSH-PX activities (P<0.01), whereas they positively correlated with GR activities (P<0.001). At every level, cigarette smoking is associated with increased lipid peroxidation and causes an impairment in antioxidant systems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chest Disease, School of Medicine, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. zaasolak@med.ege.edu.tr
authors.forename: Z A
authors.initials: ZA
authors.lastname: Solak
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kabaroğlu
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cok
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Parildar
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bayindir
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ozmen
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Bayindir
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood*; D005980:Glutathione Reductase / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation / Q000502:physiology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D012907:Smoking / Q000503:physiopathology*
chemical_list: D008055:Lipids; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D005980:Glutathione Reductase; D043303:Aryldialkylphosphatase; C468406:PON1 protein, human