title: Distribution and chemical coding of corticotropin-releasing factor-immunoreactive neurons in the guinea pig enteric nervous system.
abstract: Immunofluorescence was used to study immunoreactivity (IR) for corticotropin-releasing factor (CRF) in the guinea pig enteric nervous system. CRF-IR was expressed in both the myenteric and the submucosal plexuses of all regions of the large and small intestine and the myenteric plexus of the stomach. CRF-IR nerve fibers were present in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses, in the circular muscle coat, and surrounding submucosal arterioles. Most of the CRF-IR fibers persisted in the myenteric and submucosal plexuses after 7 days in organotypic culture. CRF-IR was not coexpressed with tyrosine hydroxylase-IR or calcitonin gene-related peptide-IR fibers. The proportions of CRF-IR cell bodies in the myenteric plexus increased progressively from the stomach (0.6%) to the distal colon (2.8%). Most of the CRF-IR myenteric neurons (95%) had uniaxonal morphology; the remainder had Dogiel type II multipolar morphology. CRF-IR cell bodies in the myenteric plexus of the ileum expressed IR for choline acetyltransferase (56.9%), substance P (55.0%), and nitric oxide synthase (37.9%). CRF-IR never colocalized with IR for calbindin, calretinin, neuropeptide Y, serotonin, or somatostatin in the myenteric plexus. CRF-IR cell bodies were more abundant in the submucosal plexus (29.9-38.0%) than in the myenteric plexus. All CRF-IR neurons in submucosal ganglia expressed vasoactive intestinal peptide-IR and were likely to be secretomotor/vasodilator neurons. CRF-IR neurons did not express IR for the CRF(1) receptor. CRF(1)-IR was expressed in neuronal neighbors of those with CRF-IR. Collective evidence suggests that VIPergic secretomotor neurons might provide synaptic input to neighboring cholinergic neurons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Cell Biology, College of Medicine and Public Health, The Ohio State University, Columbus, 43210-1218, USA.
authors.forename: Sumei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Na
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Hong-Zhen
authors.initials: HZ
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Xiyu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guo-Du
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiucai
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Xiang
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Jackie D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Wood
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D064032:Calbindin 2; D064026:Calbindins; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide / Q000378:metabolism; D002452:Cell Count / Q000379:methods; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D003078:Colchicine / Q000494:pharmacology; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D051959:ELAV Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D017615:Enteric Nervous System / Q000166:cytology*; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D009197:Myenteric Plexus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000378:metabolism; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000378:metabolism; D011706:Pyloric Antrum / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D064030:S100 Calcium Binding Protein G / Q000378:metabolism; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000378:metabolism; D013373:Substance P / Q000378:metabolism; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000378:metabolism; D054832:Urocortins; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide / Q000378:metabolism; D000099052:CRF Receptor, Type 1
chemical_list: D064032:Calbindin 2; D064026:Calbindins; D051959:ELAV Proteins; D009478:Neuropeptide Y; D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D064030:S100 Calcium Binding Protein G; D054832:Urocortins; D012701:Serotonin; D013373:Substance P; D014660:Vasoactive Intestinal Peptide; D013004:Somatostatin; D000099052:CRF Receptor, Type 1; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; D002795:Choline O-Acetyltransferase; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; D015740:Calcitonin Gene-Related Peptide; D003078:Colchicine