title: Monetary value of lost productivity over a five year follow up in early rheumatoid arthritis estimated on the basis of official register data on patients' sickness absence and gross income: experience from the FIN-RACo trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the monetary value of rheumatoid arthritis related loss of productivity in patients with early active disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective cohort substudy of the FIN-RACo Trial, 162 patients with recent onset rheumatoid arthritis, aged 18 to 65 years and available to the workforce, were followed up for five years. Loss of work productivity in euros 2002 was estimated by data on absence for sickness and on income (human capital approach) from official databases. Treatment responses were evaluated by area under the curve (AUC) of the ACR-N measure and by increase in number of erosions in radiographs of hands and feet. The health assessment questionnaire (HAQ) at six months was linked to the International Classification of Functioning, Disability and Health (ICF).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all, 120 (75%) patients, women more often (82%) than men (61%) (p=0.002), lost work days. The mean lost productivity per patient-year was euro7217 (95% confidence interval (CI), 5561 to 9148): for women, euro6477 (4858 to 8536) and for men, euro8443 (5389 to 12,898). There was an inverse correlation with improvement: euro1101 (323 to 2156) and euro14 952 (10,662 to 19,852) for the highest and lowest quartiles of AUC of ARC-N, respectively. Lost productivity was associated with increase in the number of erosions and with disability in "changing and maintaining body position" subcategory of the ICF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite remission targeted treatment with disease modifying antirheumatic drugs, early rheumatoid arthritis results in substantial loss of productivity. A good improvement in the disease reduces the loss markedly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Lappeenranta Central Hospital, Valto Käkelän katu 1, Lappeenranta FIN-53130, and Department of Medicine, Turku University Central Hospital, Finland. kari.puolakka@fimnet.fi
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Puolakka
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kautiainen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pekurinen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Möttönen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hannonen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Korpela
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hakala
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arkela-Kautiainen
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Luukkainen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leirisalo-Repo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000191:economics* / Q000473:pathology; D017281:Cost of Illness; D005387:Finland; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012074:Remission Induction; D017678:Sex Distribution; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D014940:Work Schedule Tolerance
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents