title: Biomimetic gel exhibiting self-beating motion in ATP solution.
abstract: Biomimetic material systems using stimuli-responsive polymers and gels have been widely studied for applications to artificial muscles, drug delivery systems, biosensors, etc. In almost all cases, however, the action is driven by on-off switching of external signals. In contrast, here we show a novel biomimetic gel to exhibit autonomous self-beating motion in ATP solution under constant condition, similar to heart muscle. An anionic polymer gel with phosphoric groups, in which creatine kinase was immobilized, was prepared. When the gel was immersed in the ATP solution, the enzymatic reaction occurs in the gel and the concentration of calcium ion changes periodically. Since the chelates between phosphoric groups and the divalent calcium ion, which acts a physical crosslinking point, are formed and dissociated periodically, the gel repeats swelling and deswelling autonomously.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Engineering, Graduate School of Engineering, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8656, Japan. yoshida@bmw.t.u-tokyo.ac.jp
authors.forename: Ryo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Uesusuki
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000838:Anions; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D032701:Biomimetics / Q000379:methods*; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D002412:Cations; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000737:chemistry; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005782:Gels / Q000737:chemistry*; D007477:Ions; D046911:Macromolecular Substances / Q000737:chemistry*; D018715:Microscopy, Video; D008954:Models, Biological; D009038:Motion; D009132:Muscles / Q000166:cytology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology; D009991:Oscillometry; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000737:chemistry; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D011817:Rabbits; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000838:Anions; D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D002412:Cations; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D005782:Gels; D007477:Ions; D046911:Macromolecular Substances; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D011108:Polymers; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D002118:Calcium