title: Neonatal hepatoblastoma: two cases posing a diagnostic dilemma, with a review of the literature.
abstract: Hepatoblastoma accounts for less than 1% of all pediatric malignancies. However, it remains the most common malignant tumor of the liver in newborns. Less than 10% of hepatoblastoma cases are diagnosed in the neonatal period. The diagnosis can be very difficult due to the wide spectrum of presentation and differences in the size of the lesion at the time of detection either antenatally or during an infant's neonatal course. In this review, we describe the current investigations used to establish the diagnosis of congenital hepatoblastoma and the role of a nuclear red cell scan as an additional strategy in the evaluation of this malignant condition. The report uses two cases of neonatal hepatoblastoma to highlight both the clinical and pathologic findings, and the problems encountered in the evaluation of this disorder.
authors.affiliation: Neonatal/Perinatal Medicine Programme, McMaster University, Hamilton, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Adel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sallam
authors.forename: Bosco
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Paes
authors.forename: Jacqueline
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bourgeois
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001034:Apgar Score; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D018197:Hepatoblastoma / Q000151:congenital* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000151:congenital* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D035583:Rare Diseases; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler