title: Chlorpromazine and sodium dodecyl sulfate mixed micelles investigated by small angle X-ray scattering.
abstract: Small-angle X-ray scattering (SAXS) studies are reported on the interaction of chlorpromazine (CPZ) with micelles of anionic surfactant sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS). Isotropic solutions of SDS (40 and 100 mM) at pH 4.0, 7.0, and 9.0 in the absence and presence of CPZ (2-25 mM) were investigated at the National Laboratory of Synchrotron Light (LNLS, Campinas, Brazil). The data were analyzed through the modeling of the micellar form factor and interference function. The results evidence a micellar shape transformation from prolate ellipsoid to cylinder accompanied by micellar growth and surface charge screening as the molar ratio CPZ : SDS increases in the complex. Small ellipsoids with axial ratio nu=1.5+/-0.1 at 40 mM SDS grow and reassemble into cylinder-like aggregates upon 5 mM drug incorporation (1 CPZ : 8 SDS monomers) with a decrease of the micelle surface charge. At 10 mM CPZ : 40 mM SDS cylindrical micelles are totally screened with an axial ratio nu approximately 2.5. The data also indicate the presence of small prolate ellipsoids (nu=1.7+/-0.1) in solutions of 100 mM SDS (no drug) and micellar growth (nu approximately 2.0 and 4.0) when 10 and 25 mM CPZ are added to the system. In the latter case, the aggregate is also better represented by a cylinder-like form. Therefore, our results demonstrate that the axial ratio and shape evolution of the surfactant : phenothiazine complex are both SDS concentration and drug : SDS molar ratio dependent. The drug location close to the SDS polar headgroup region without disrupting in a significant way both the paraffinic hydrophobic core and the polar shell thickness is inferred. SAXS data made it possible to obtain the shapes and dimensions of CPZ/SDS aggregates.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Química de São Carlos, Universidade de São Paulo, Cx. Postal 780, São Carlos, São Paulo, CEP 13560-970, Brazil.
authors.forename: Wilker
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Caetano
authors.forename: Emerson Luiz
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Gelamo
authors.forename: Marcel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tabak
authors.forename: Rosangela
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Itri
mesh_terms: D002746:Chlorpromazine / Q000737:chemistry*; D008823:Micelles; D015394:Molecular Structure; D053838:Scattering, Small Angle; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry*; D014961:X-Ray Diffraction
chemical_list: D008823:Micelles; D012967:Sodium Dodecyl Sulfate; D002746:Chlorpromazine