title: Recent advances in sonographic imaging of fetal thoracic structures.
abstract: Recent ultrasonographic methods applied in the evaluation of fetal thoracic structures and anomalies are presented. Fetal lung volumetric assessment by 3D ultrasonography, analysis of the thoracic wall by 3D-rendered image and 3D skeletal-mode imaging, intrathoracic vessel evaluation by 3D power Doppler ultrasonography, analysis of heart anatomy and abnormalities by 4D spatiotemporal image correlation, identification of normal and abnormal intrathoracic almost isoechogenic structures by volume contrast imaging and evaluation of the heart and great vessels by 3 and 4D inverse mode will be reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Universidade de São Paulo-Brazil, R. Valentim Magalhaes 100 ap. 52, São Paulo, SP, 03184-090, Brazil. rodrigo_ruano@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ruano
mesh_terms: D006330:Heart Defects, Congenital / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000196:embryology; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D015619:Respiratory System Abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000196:embryology; D013896:Thoracic Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000196:embryology; D013909:Thorax / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends