title: Glyphosate inhibits rust diseases in glyphosate-resistant wheat and soybean.
abstract: Glyphosate is a broad-spectrum herbicide used for the control of weeds in glyphosate-resistant crops. Glyphosate inhibits 5-enolpyruvyl shikimate 3-phosphate synthase, a key enzyme in the synthesis of aromatic amino acids in plants, fungi, and bacteria. Studies with glyphosate-resistant wheat have shown that glyphosate provided both preventive and curative activities against Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici and Puccinia triticina, which cause stripe and leaf rusts, respectively, in wheat. Growth-chamber studies demonstrated wheat rust control at multiple plant growth stages with a glyphosate spray dose typically recommended for weed control. Rust control was absent in formulation controls without glyphosate, dependent on systemic glyphosate concentrations in leaf tissues, and not mediated through induction of four common systemic acquired resistance genes. A field test with endemic stripe rust inoculum confirmed the activities of glyphosate pre- and postinfestation. Preliminary greenhouse studies also demonstrated that application of glyphosate in glyphosate-resistant soybeans suppressed Asian soybean rust, caused by Phakopsora pachyrhizi.
authors.affiliation: Monsanto Biotechnology Research, St. Louis, MO 63017, USA. paul.feng@monsanto.com
authors.forename: Paul C C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: G James
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Baley
authors.forename: William P
authors.initials: WP
authors.lastname: Clinton
authors.forename: Greg J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Bunkers
authors.forename: Murtaza F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Alibhai
authors.forename: Timothy C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Paulitz
authors.forename: Kimberlee K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Kidwell
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture / Q000379:methods; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000187:drug effects*; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes / Q000378:metabolism; D017931:DNA Primers; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology*; D013025:Glycine max; D014908:Triticum; D000097797:Glyphosate
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D017931:DNA Primers; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D005998:Glycine; D000097797:Glyphosate