title: Angiographic catheter: unique tool for neuroendoscopic surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Neuroendoscopic removal of intraventricular and juxtaventricular space-occupying lesions (SOL) requires long and thin instruments that can be maneuvered through the compromised working channels. Currently, various rigid and flexible forceps and scissors are being used for this purpose. We present our experience of using cut segment of angiographic catheters for removal of intraventricular and juxtaventricular SOL by neuroendoscopic surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-one patients having intraventricular and juxtaventricular lesions were excised, decompressed, or biopsied by endoscopic method using angiographic catheters. Lesions were cystic, solid, or mixed cystic and solid. Cystic lesions were aspirated; solid tumors were biopsied, decompressed, or excised by sucking them using 5F to 8F angiographic catheters cut to the length of 30 to 35 cm.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total excision, near total removal, and biopsy of the lesions could be achieved in 14, 19, and 38 patients, respectively; however, in 2 patients of thalamic tumor, the biopsied tissue was negative for tumor. Tumor consistency was the deciding factor for their removal by angiographic catheters; soft lesions were sucked easily, whereas only biopsy could be done in firm and nonsuckable lesions. Major bleeding in a case of craniopharyngioma was the complication managed by irrigation followed by external ventricular drain.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Angiographic catheter is a simple and unique tool for neuroendoscopic surgery. It aids in endoscopic management of diverse intraventricular and juxtaventricular lesions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, King George's Medical University, Lucknow 226003, India. mazharhusain@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Mazhar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Husain
authors.forename: Deepak K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Jha
authors.forename: Manu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rastogi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000792:Angiography / Q000295:instrumentation*; D001706:Biopsy / Q000379:methods; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002404:Catheterization; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D044583:Neuroendoscopy; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome