title: The Arctic Alzheimer mutation facilitates early intraneuronal Abeta aggregation and senile plaque formation in transgenic mice.
abstract: The Arctic mutation (APP E693G) is unique, since it is located within the amyloid-beta (Abeta) sequence and leads to Alzheimer's disease (AD). Arctic Abeta peptides more easily form Abeta protofibrils in vitro, but little is known about the pathogenic mechanism of the Arctic mutation in vivo. Here, we analyzed APP transgenic mice with both the Swedish and Arctic mutations (tg-APPArcSwe) and transgenic mice with the Swedish mutation alone (tg-APPSwe). Intense intraneuronal Abeta-immunoreactive staining was present in young tg-APPArcSwe mice, but not in tg-APPSwe mice. Intracellular Abeta aggregates in tg-APPArcSwe were strongly stained by antibodies recognizing the N-terminus of Abeta, while those recognizing the C-terminus of Abeta stained weakly. The Abeta aggregates inside neurons increased with age and predated extracellular Abeta deposition in both tg-APPArcSwe and tg-APPSwe mice. Senile plaque deposition was markedly accelerated in tg-APPArcSwe mice, as compared to tg-APPSwe mice. We conclude that the Arctic mutation causes AD by facilitating amyloidosis through early accumulation of intracellular Abeta aggregates in association with a rapid onset of senile plaque deposition.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Geriatrics, Uppsala University, Dag Hammarskjölds Väg 20, SE-751 85 Uppsala, Sweden.
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lord
authors.forename: Hannu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kalimo
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Eckman
authors.forename: Xiao-Qun
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lannfelt
authors.forename: Lars N G
authors.initials: LN
authors.lastname: Nilsson
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging / Q000378:metabolism*; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009154:Mutation; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism*; D058225:Plaque, Amyloid / Q000378:metabolism*; D011485:Protein Binding
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides