Biological and biomedical aspects of genetically modified food.
Genetically modified (GM) foods are the product of one of the most progressive fields of science-biotechnology. There are major concerns about GM foods in the public; some of them are reasonable, some of them are not. Biomedical risks of GM foods include problems regarding the potential allergenicity, horizontal gene transfer, but environmental side effects on biodiversity must also be recognized. Numerous methods have been developed to assess the potential risk of every GM food type. Benefits of the first generation of GM foods were oriented towards the production process and companies, the second generation of GM foods offers, on contrary, various advantages and added value for the consumer. This includes improved nutritional composition or even therapeutic effects. Recombinant probiotics and the principle of alternative gene therapy represent the latest approach of using GM organisms for biomedical applications. This article tries to summarize and to explain the problematic topic of GM food.
Celec
Peter
P
Biomed Research and Publishing Group, Bratislava, Slovakia. petercelec@gmail.com
Kukucková
Martina
M
Renczésová
Veronika
V
Natarajan
Satheesh
S
Pálffy
Roland
R
Gardlík
Roman
R
Hodosy
Július
J
Behuliak
Michal
M
Vlková
Barbora
B
Minárik
Gabriel
G
Szemes
Tomás
T
Stuchlík
Stanislav
S
Turna
Ján
J
D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics*; D001709:Biotechnology; D003257:Consumer Product Safety / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000235:genetics; D005062:European Union; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000379:methods; D005512:Food Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology*; D005527:Food, Fortified; D030841:Food, Genetically Modified / Q000009:adverse effects; D018014:Gene Transfer Techniques; D022761:Gene Transfer, Horizontal; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006801:Humans; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics; D019936:Probiotics; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence