Granulocyte colony-stimulating factor: a novel mediator of T cell tolerance.
In recent years, several investigators have unraveled a previously unrecognized role for G-CSF in the regulation of T cell and dendritic cell functions. The experimental evidence in favor of G-CSF-mediated immune regulation includes the ability to switch T cell cytokine secretion profile to Th2 responses and the promotion of regulatory T cell and tolerogenic dendritic cell differentiation. Interestingly, G-CSF is beneficial in animals for the prevention and/or treatment of immune-mediated diseases, e.g., graft-vs-host disease, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythematosus, inflammatory bowel disease, and diabetes, suggesting a potential role in human autoimmune diseases. This review summarizes the growing body of evidence that supports a critical role for G-CSF as a novel mediator of T cell tolerance.
Rutella
Sergio
S
Department of Hematology, Laboratory of Immunology, Catholic University School of Medicine, Rome, Italy. srutella@rm.unicatt.it
Zavala
Flora
F
Danese
Silvio
S
Kared
Hassen
H
Leone
Giuseppe
G
D000818:Animals; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000276:immunology; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000276:immunology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*
D016207:Cytokines; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor