title: Smad3 phosphorylation by cyclin-dependent kinases.
abstract: Smad3, a key mediator for TGF-beta antiproliferative responses, is phosphorylated by both CDK4 and CDK2 in vivo and in vitro. Except for the Rb family members, Smad3 is the only CDK4 substrate demonstrated so far. CDK phosphorylation of Smad3 inhibits its transcriptional activity and antiproliferative function. Because cancer cells often contain high levels of CDK activity, inhibition of Smad activity by CDK phosphorylation may contribute to tumorigenesis and TGF-beta resistance in cancers.
authors.affiliation: Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Susan Lehman Cullman Laboratory for Cancer Research, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, Rutgers, The State University of New Jersey, Cancer Institute of New Jersey, NJ 08854, USA. fangliu@cabm.rutgers.edu
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000502:physiology; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000502:physiology*; D005355:Fibrosis; D006801:Humans; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000473:pathology*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D051900:Smad3 Protein / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D051900:Smad3 Protein; C497791:Smad3 protein, mouse; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases