title: [Urodynamics of the bladder diverticulum in the adult male].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical and urodynamic characteristics of a series of adult males with BPH and bladder diverticula, and to analyze the changes in urodynamics in patients undergoing lower urinary tract surgery to relieve obstruction, with or without associated diverticulectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied 91 patients in two groups: Group 1- BPH: 67 cases (73.6%) and Group 2-BPH + diverticulum: 24 cases (25%). Mean age was 65.04 years. All patients underwent urological physical examination and complete urodynamic study including cystogram. In addition, we studied 19 patients with BPH and bladder diverticula (mean age 64.58 years) who underwent either endoscopic surgery (1 I cases; 57.9%) or endoscopic surgery plus diverticulectomy (8 cases, 42. 1%). Complete clinical study and urodynamics (including cystogram) were performed preoperative and three months after surgery. Statistical significance was established at 0.05.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Comparative study between group 1 (BPH) and group 2 (BPH with diverticulum): there were significant differences in clinical data: acute urinary retention (6.1% vs. 25%;p<0.01), and urinary tract infection (3.1% vs. 21.7%;p=0,004). All evaluated cases had single diverticula (8 cases). Urodynamic studies showed: 1) Post-void residual after free flowmetry: 45.9 ml vs. 221.4 ml, p = 0.008. 2) Bladder capacity on cystometrogram: 211.2 ml vs. 350.8 ml, p = 0.024. 3) Voiding pressure/flow study: a) Voiding with abdominal press 23.9% vs. 50%, p = 0.02. b) URA 36.5 cm H2O vs. 48.5 cm H2O, p= 0.04, c) post void residual 70.7ml vs. 210.3 ml, p= 0.004. d) Bladder contractility measurements (Wmax- isometric contractility- and W80, W20- isotonic contractility) did not show significant differences between groups. Bladder contractility duration was significantly decreased in group 2. In the analysis of patients undergoing surgery to relieve obstruction (Group A- Surgery without diverticulectomy; Group B Surgery with diverticulectomy) there were not differences between groups in clinical data. Urethral resistance parameters (URA) decreased in both groups. Group A: from 43 cm H20 to 26.3 cm H2O. Group B: from 60.6 cm H2O to 48 cm H2O. This decrease was similar after either TURP or myocapsulotomy. Post void residual diminished in both groups. There were no statistical differences between groups in Wmax, W 80-20, or volume, number and site of the diverticula. On the contrary, bladder contractility duration diminished after diverticulectomy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bladder diverticula appear in the cases with highest ureteral resistance values (lower urinary tract obstruction). Standard bladder contractility parameters were not diminished. Duration of detrusor contraction was the only contractility parameter significantly affected in cases of bladder diverticula and presented a significant association with the use of abdominal press while voiding. Diverticulectomy showed an improvement of bladder contractility with longer detrusor contraction duration, which supports its use in cases of BPH-associated diverticula. Both TURP and transurethral incision of the prostate diminished urethral resistance in a similar way, so that they may be considered alternative options. Our data should be confirmed with a bigger sample size.
authors.affiliation: Servicios de Urología: Hospital General Yagüe, Burgos, España.
authors.forename: José María
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Adot Zurbano
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salinas Casado
authors.forename: Miriam
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dambros
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Virseda Chamorro
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ramírez Fernández
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Silmi Moyano
authors.forename: José
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Marcos Díaz
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004240:Diverticulum / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000150:complications; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D014563:Urodynamics