title: The plant alkaloid Sanguinarine affects swine granulosa cell activity.
abstract: Sanguinarine (SA) has been used in toothpastes and oral rinse products and has been recently applied to livestock nutrition. This study was undertaken to examine the reproductive-related consequences of this feeding supplementation, evaluating SA effects (10, 100 and 300 nM) on swine granulosa cell steroidogenesis, oxidative enzyme activities (peroxidase, catalase and superoxide dismutase), and proliferation. Since angiogenesis is fundamental for follicle development, we also tested the impact of SA exposure on vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) production. SA had no effect on proliferation and did not alter progesterone production, although it significantly reduced estradiol synthesis at the two highest concentrations tested (100 and 300 nM). SA addition to granulosa cell culture inhibited VEGF production and increased peroxidase and catalase activities at all tested concentrations while superoxide dismutase activity was increased only at 300 nM. Our data suggest that SA can negatively affect some key biochemical parameters of ovarian granulosa cells.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Produzioni Animali, Biotecnologie Veterinarie, Qualità e Sicurezza degli Alimenti-Sezione di Fisiologia Veterinaria, Università di Parma, 43100 Parma, Italy.
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bianco
authors.forename: Giuseppina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Basini
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Grasselli
mesh_terms: D000470:Alkaloids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D053119:Benzophenanthridines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002374:Catalase / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004958:Estradiol / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006107:Granulosa Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010544:Peroxidases / Q000378:metabolism; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism; D013552:Swine / Q000502:physiology*; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000470:Alkaloids; D000975:Antioxidants; D053119:Benzophenanthridines; D007546:Isoquinolines; D042442:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factors; D004958:Estradiol; C005705:sanguinarine; D010544:Peroxidases; D002374:Catalase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase