Ethics committees and consensus in the post-totalitarian society.
Ethics committees are usually expected to reach and frame their decisions by consensus. In a post-totalitarian society the conception of consensus might somewhat differ from the one present in societies with a long-term, uninterrupted tradition of democratic development. In 1990s, post totalitarian societies of Central and East Europe have been walking difficult paths from the situation, when matters of public interest had been decided almost solely within the structures of a totalitarian power (usually a 'communist' party and by the party dominated governmental or municipal structures) and the political decisions implemented by more or less coercive exercise of that power (while requiring the broadest community attainment--'imposed consensus'); toward societies deciding their fate and matters of public interest via institutions of a modern, pluralistic, parliamentary democracy (subscribing implicitly or even explicitly to consensus, perceived mostly as 'overlapping' or 'procedural'). The paper gives an analysis of evolution of the notion of consensus in the post-totalitarian Slovakia as seen within the frame of the first decade of establishment and work of ethics committees in the institutions of biomedical research and health care. Examples of present challenges for ethics committees' consensual decision making are outlined.
Glasa
J
J
Postgraduate Academy of Medicine, Limbova 12, 83303 Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
Glasova
M
M
D001675:Bioethics; D003148:Communism; D032921:Consensus; D018864:Cultural Diversity; D003657:Decision Making; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000266:history; D003709:Democracy; D017041:Ethics Committees / Q000266:history / Q000458:organization & administration*; D049673:History, 20th Century; D011056:Political Systems / Q000266:history*; D018154:Slovakia