title: Human urine proteome analysis by three separation approaches.
abstract: The urinary proteome is known to be a valuable field of study related to organ functions. There have been several extensive urine proteome studies. However, the overlapping rate among different studies is relatively low. Whether the low overlapping rate was caused by different sample sources, preparation, separation and identification methods is unknown. Moreover, low molecular mass (<10 kDa) proteins have not been studied extensively. In this report, male and female pooled urine samples were collected from healthy volunteers. The urinary proteins were acetone precipitated, separated and identified by three approaches, 1-DE plus 1-D LC/MS/MS, direct 1-D LC/MS/MS and 2-D LC/MS/MS. 1-D tricine gels were used to separate low molecular mass proteins. The tandem mass spectra of positive identifications were quality controlled both by manual validation and using advanced mass spectrum scanner software. A total of 226 urinary proteins were identified; 171 proteins were identified by proteomics approach for the first time, including 4 male-specific proteins. Twelve low molecular mass proteins were identified. Most urinary proteins had a molecular mass between 30 and 60 kDa and a pI between 4 and 10. The apparent molecular masses of many proteins were different from theoretical ones, which indicated their post-translational modification and degradation. The effects of sample preparation, separation and identification methods on the overlapping rate of different experiments are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Proteomics Research Center, National Key Laboratory of Medical Molecular Biology, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Fuxin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shuzhen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Xiaorong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Dexian
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Jue
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Youhe
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D011506:Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011507:Proteinuria; D020543:Proteome / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; D020543:Proteome