title: PBK/TOPK, a proliferating neural progenitor-specific mitogen-activated protein kinase kinase.
abstract: We performed genomic subtraction coupled to microarray-based gene expression profiling and identified the PDZ (postsynaptic density-95/Discs large/zona occludens-1)-binding kinase/T-LAK (lymphokine-activated killer T cell) cell originating protein kinase (PBK/TOPK) as a gene highly enriched in neural stem cell cultures. Previous studies have identified PBK/TOPK as a mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) kinase that phosphorylated P38 MAPK but with no known expression or function in the nervous system. First, using a novel, bioinformatics-based approach to assess cross-correlation in large microarray datasets, we generated the hypothesis of a cell-cycle-related role for PBK/TOPK in neural cells. We then demonstrated that both PBK/TOPK and P38 are activated in a cell-cycle-dependent manner in neuronal progenitor cells in vitro, and inhibition of this pathway disrupts progenitor proliferation and self-renewal, a core feature of progenitors. In vivo, PBK/TOPK is expressed in rapidly proliferating cells in the adult subependymal zone (SEZ) and early postnatal cerebellar external granular layer. Using an approach based on transgenically targeted ablation and lineage tracing in mice, we show that PBK/TOPK-positive cells in the SEZ are GFAP negative but arise from GFAP-positive neural stem cells during adult neurogenesis. Furthermore, ablation of the adult stem cell population leads to concomitant loss of PBK/TOPK-positive cells in the SEZ. Together, these studies demonstrate that PBK/TOPK is a marker for transiently amplifying neural progenitors in the SEZ. Additionally, they suggest that PBK/TOPK plays an important role in these progenitors, and further implicates the P38 MAPK pathway in general, as an important regulator of progenitor proliferation and self-renewal.
authors.affiliation: Interdepartmental Program in the Neurosciences, Program in Neurogenetics, Neurology Department, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California at Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California 90095-1769, USA.
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Dougherty
authors.forename: A D R
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Garcia
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Livingstone
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Norris
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Polakiewicz
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Wexler
authors.forename: M V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Sofroniew
authors.forename: H I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Kornblum
authors.forename: D H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Geschwind
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002645:Chickens; D004285:Dogs; D006801:Humans; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology*; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss; D002679:Pan troglodytes; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000201:enzymology*; D023721:Tetraodontiformes; D014982:Xenopus laevis; D015027:Zebrafish; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020929:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases; C409022:PDZ-binding kinase