title: High-density lipoprotein function recent advances.
abstract: Although high-density lipoproteins (HDL) possess many features that contribute to the association between elevated HDL cholesterol and protection from atherosclerosis, these lipoproteins may be modified in certain individuals and/or circumstances to become proinflammatory. The ability of HDL to inhibit or paradoxically to enhance vascular inflammation, lipid oxidation, plaque growth, and thrombosis reflects changes in specific enzyme and protein components. The anti-inflammatory and proinflammatory functional properties of HDL can now be assessed using cell-based and cell-free assays. Acute or chronic systemic inflammation and the metabolic syndrome appear to render HDL proinflammatory. In contrast, statins and experimental agents such as apolipoprotein A-1 mimetics render HDL more anti-inflammatory. Functional characterization of HDL is a promising method for enhanced assessment of cardiovascular risk and effectiveness of risk reduction.
authors.affiliation: Atherosclerosis Research Unit, Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Benjamin J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Ansell
authors.forename: Karol E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Watson
authors.forename: Alan M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Fogelman
authors.forename: Mohamad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Navab
authors.forename: Gregg C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Fonarow
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction
chemical_list: D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D002784:Cholesterol