Cosmetic and reconstructive medical tattooing.
OBJECTIVE
Cosmetic and reconstructive medical tattooing techniques are being used with a higher frequency than ever before. The volume of scientific research into its basics, however, is too small to prevent the present occurrence of complications. This review shows that most of the recent articles on the subject are in fact case reports and that many of the complications described result from the failure to conduct more research.


RESULTS
Recent findings include few and relatively unimportant new techniques, studies describing tattoo removal with laser, magnetic displacement and chemical irritants, more findings about infections and allergies, and complications with high field-strength magnetic resonance imaging scans.


CONCLUSIONS
Recent literature contains very few useful studies because generally they are not supported by sufficient scientific research.
van der Velden
Eddy M
EM
Department of Oral and Cranio-Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Eeuwfeestkliniek and KLINA, Antwerp, Belgium. eddy.vandervelden@planet.nl
Defranq
Joël
J
Baruchin
Avraham M
AM
D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D003357:Cosmetic Techniques / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000639:trends; D004342:Drug Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000009:adverse effects; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000639:trends; D013653:Tattooing / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000639:trends; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000209:etiology
D004396:Coloring Agents