title: Effects of pulsed magnetic stimulation on tumor development and immune functions in mice.
abstract: We investigated the effects of pulsed magnetic stimulation on tumor development processes and immune functions in mice. A circular coil (inner diameter = 15 mm, outer diameter = 75 mm) was used in the experiments. Stimulus conditions were pulse width = 238 micros, peak magnetic field = 0.25 T (at the center of the coil), frequency = 25 pulses/s, 1,000 pulses/sample/day and magnetically induced eddy currents in mice = 0.79-1.54 A/m(2). In an animal study, B16-BL6 melanoma model mice were exposed to the pulsed magnetic stimulation for 16 days from the day of injection of cancer cells. A tumor growth study revealed a significant tumor weight decrease in the stimulated group (54% of the sham group). In a cellular study, B16-BL6 cells were also exposed to the magnetic field (1,000 pulses/sample, and eddy currents at the bottom of the dish = 2.36-2.90 A/m(2)); however, the magnetically induced eddy currents had no effect on cell viabilities. Cytokine production in mouse spleens was measured to analyze the immunomodulatory effect after the pulsed magnetic stimulation. tumor necrosis factor (TNF-alpha) production in mouse spleens was significantly activated after the exposure of the stimulus condition described above. These results showed the first evidence of the anti-tumor effect and immunomodulatory effects brought about by the application of repetitive magnetic stimulation and also suggested the possible relationship between anti-tumor effects and the increase of TNF-alpha levels caused by pulsed magnetic stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Japan. chikko@medes.m.u-tokyo.ac.jp
authors.forename: Sachiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Mari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ogiue-Ikeda
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sekino
authors.forename: Shoogo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ueno
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival; D004574:Electromagnetic Fields; D005260:Female; D007109:Immunity; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000032:analysis; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology*; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D007376:Interleukin-2; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha