title: Prolonged blockade of NMDA or mGluR5 glutamate receptors reduces nigrostriatal degeneration while inducing selective metabolic changes in the basal ganglia circuitry in a rodent model of Parkinson's disease.
abstract: We compared the neuroprotective and metabolic effects of chronic treatment with ionotropic or metabotropic glutamate receptor antagonists, in rats bearing a unilateral nigrostriatal lesion induced by 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). The ionotropic, N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor antagonist MK-801 increased cell survival in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc) and corrected the metabolic hyperactivity (increased cytochrome oxidase activity) of the ipsilateral substantia nigra pars reticulata (SNr) associated with the lesion, but showed no effects on the 6-OHDA-induced hyperactivity of the subthalamic nucleus (STN). Significant-although less pronounced-protection of SNc neurons was also observed following treatment with the metabotropic glutamate receptor (mGluR5) antagonist 2-methyl-6-(phenylehtynyl)-pyridine (MPEP). As opposed to MK-801, MPEP abolished the STN metabolic hyperactivity associated with the nigrostriatal lesion, without affecting SNr activity. Specific modulation of STN hyperactivity obtained with mGluR5 blockade may, therefore, open interesting perspectives for the use of this class of compounds in the treatment of Parkinson's disease.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Functional Neurochemistry, IRCCS Neurological Institute "C. Mondino", Via Mondino, 2, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
authors.forename: Marie-Thérèse
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Armentero
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fancellu
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nappi
authors.forename: Placido
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bramanti
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Blandini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016627:Oxidopamine; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D064529:Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D013378:Substantia Nigra / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D020531:Subthalamic Nucleus / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D018691:Excitatory Amino Acid Antagonists; C578937:Grm5 protein, rat; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D011725:Pyridines; D064529:Receptor, Metabotropic Glutamate 5; D017470:Receptors, Glutamate; D018094:Receptors, Metabotropic Glutamate; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; C121465:6-methyl-2-(phenylethynyl)pyridine; D016627:Oxidopamine; D003576:Electron Transport Complex IV