title: Resection of giant meningiomas of the anterior cranial fossa using orbital osteotomies.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The challenge in large cranial base meningiomas is total resection of the tumor with the least possible mortality and morbidity. During the last two decades the technical approaches for anterior skull base tumors have shown a considerable progress, providing a wide exposure with minimal brain retraction. The purpose of this study is to present our experience with these approaches for treatment of giant anterior cranial fossa meningiomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis was performed in 20 patients with giant meningiomas (diameter >4.5 cm) of the anterior cranial fossa, which were treated surgically in our department, between January 1992 and January 2002. There were 5 men and 15 women with an average age of 48,3 years. Mental and visual disturbances were the most common presenting symptoms. We used the extended subfrontal approach for 16 patients and the fronto-orbito-zygomatic approach for 4 patients. The follow-up period ranged from 3 to 10 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all patients, total resection of the tumor (Simpson grade I, 12 patients, Simpson grade II, 8 patients) was accomplished. Significant improvement occurred by the time of follow-up examination in all but three patients. No evidence of recurrence was observed in 19 of the 20 patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The extended anterior skull base approaches, using orbital osteotomies, for giant meningiomas of the anterior cranial fossa have improved the extent of radical tumor removal with minimal neurological morbidity. Furthermore a long term prevention of recurrence was achieved.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, School of Medicine, University of Patras, Patras, Greece.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tzortzidis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Partheni
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Voulgaris
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Gousias
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Konstantinou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D035262:Cranial Fossa, Anterior / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008577:Meningeal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D008579:Meningioma / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D010027:Osteotomy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed