title: Imaging of traumatic neurovascular injury.
abstract: Traumatic injury to the major vessels of the head and neck can result in potentially devastating neurologic sequelae. Until recently, conventional angiography was the primary imaging modality used to evaluate these often challenging patients. Advances in cross-sectional imaging have improved the ability to screen for these lesions, which have been found to be more common than previously thought; however, accepted protocols of imaging evaluation have not yet been fully established. This article presents a general approach to the patient with suspected neurovascular injury. This includes a discussion of the histopathologic spectrum, clinical presentation, mechanisms, radiologic work-up, pertinent issues of the most common lesions, and some of the endovascular techniques used in their management.
authors.affiliation: Division of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Department of Diagnostic Radiology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21208, USA. bstallmeyer@umm.edu
authors.forename: M J B
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Stallmeyer
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Morales
authors.forename: Adam E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Flanders
mesh_terms: D017541:Aneurysm, False / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D000792:Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D015901:Angiography, Digital Subtraction / Q000379:methods*; D001808:Blood Vessels / Q000293:injuries*; D020215:Carotid Artery, Internal, Dissection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006259:Craniocerebral Trauma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D002538:Intracranial Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D009333:Neck / Q000098:blood supply*; D019838:Neck Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods*; D020217:Vertebral Artery Dissection / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014950:Wounds, Penetrating / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging