title: [Hypertensive encephalopathy: differential diagnosis of brain edema with midline shift].
abstract: Hypertensive encephalopathy is a severe complication of hypertensive crisis or malignant hypertonia. We report a case with grave clinical and radiological features. The patient was comatose, with pupillary dysfunction, and initial CT suggested a local intracranial mass with edema. Cranial MRI showed almost completely hyperintensive supratentorial white matter, with edema and midline shift, and hypertensities in cerebellum and brainstem. The patient recovered, and the radiological findings improved after antihypertensive therapy. Hypertensive encephalopathy may be differentiated by MRI, manifests acutely, and is potentially reversible when adequate therapy is rapidly performed.
authors.affiliation: Neurologische Klinik, Universität Heidelberg. simon_nagel@med.uni-heidelberg.de
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Köhrmann
authors.forename: H B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Huttner
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Schwab
mesh_terms: D015875:Anisocoria / Q000209:etiology; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D003128:Coma / Q000209:etiology; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D006974:Hypertension, Malignant / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D020343:Hypertensive Encephalopathy / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009460:Neurologic Examination / Q000187:drug effects; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents