title: Recombination in circulating Human enterovirus B: independent evolution of structural and non-structural genome regions.
abstract: The complete nucleotide sequences of eight Human enterovirus B (HEV-B) strains were determined, representing five serotypes, E6, E7, E11, CVB3 and CVB5, which were isolated in the former Soviet Union between 1998 and 2002. All strains were mosaic recombinants and only the VP2-VP3-VP1 genome region was similar to that of the corresponding prototype HEV-B strains. In seven of the eight strains studied, the 2C-3D genome region was most similar to the prototype E30, EV74 and EV75 strains, whilst the remaining strain was most similar to the prototype E1 and E9 strains in the non-structural protein genome region. Most viruses also bore marks of additional recombination events in this part of the genome. In the 5' non-translated region, all strains were more similar to the prototype E9 than to other enteroviruses. In most cases, recombination mapped to the VP4 and 2ABC genome regions. This, together with the star-like topology of the phylogenetic trees for these genome regions, identified these genome parts as recombination hot spots. These findings further support the concept of independent evolution of enterovirus genome fragments and indicate a requirement for more advanced typing approaches. A range of available phylogenetic methods was also compared for efficient detection of recombination in enteroviruses.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, Åbo Akademi University, PO Box 66, 20521 Turku, Finland.|Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides RAMS, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Alexander N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Lukashev
authors.affiliation: Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides RAMS, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Vasilii A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Lashkevich
authors.affiliation: Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides RAMS, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Olga E
authors.initials: OE
authors.lastname: Ivanova
authors.affiliation: Institute of Poliomyelitis and Viral Encephalitides RAMS, Moscow, Russia.
authors.forename: Galina A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Koroleva
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Pharmacy, Åbo Akademi University, PO Box 66, 20521 Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Ari E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Hinkkanen
authors.affiliation: Department of Virology, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
authors.forename: Jorma
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ilonen
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D029822:Enterovirus B, Human / Q000235:genetics*; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D016679:Genome, Viral; D005838:Genotype; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D012367:RNA, Viral; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins; D015678:Viral Structural Proteins