title: Response to interferon beta-1a treatment in African American multiple sclerosis patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  African Americans (AAs) with multiple sclerosis (MS) seem to have a more severe disease course than white Americans (WAs). To our knowledge, it is not known to what extent treatment with interferon beta-1a will effect the MS disease course within the AA population.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the response to treatment with interferon beta-1a between AA and WA MS patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is an exploratory post hoc analysis of the Evidence of Interferon Dose-Response: European North American Comparative Efficacy (EVIDENCE) study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The EVIDENCE study is a randomized controlled trial that compared the efficacy of once weekly, intramuscular, 30-microg interferon beta-1a treatment with thrice weekly, subcutaneous, 44-microg interferon beta-1a therapy in treatment-naïve MS subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-six AA subjects were compared with 616 WA subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  The number of MS exacerbations, the proportion of exacerbation-free subjects, and the number of new MS lesions present on brain magnetic resonance imaging were compared between AA and WA subjects at 24 and 48 weeks after initiating treatment with interferon beta-1a.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The AA subjects experienced more exacerbations and were less likely to remain exacerbation free (statistical trends). The AA subjects developed more new MS lesions on T2-weighted brain magnetic resonance imaging at 48 weeks (P = .04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite the small sample size, AA subjects appeared less responsive to treatment than WA subjects on outcome measures, reaching significance only for T2-weighted lesion count at 48 weeks. However, it is difficult to base these differences solely on response to treatment given the potential differing in MS disease course in AA patients.
authors.affiliation: Multiple Sclerosis Center, University of California, San Francisco, 94117, USA. bcree@itsa.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Bruce A C
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Cree
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al-Sabbagh
authors.forename: Randy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bennett
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Goodin
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001741:Black or African American / Q000208:ethnology; D017668:Age of Onset; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D000068576:Interferon beta-1b; D016899:Interferon-beta / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000068576:Interferon beta-1b; D016899:Interferon-beta