title: Gas chromatographic ion trap mass spectrometry determination of zoxamide residues in grape, grape processing, and in the fermentation process.
abstract: A gas chromatographic ion-trap mass spectrometry (GC-ITMS) method was developed for the determination of the fungicide zoxamide in grape, must, wine, and spirits. Samples were extracted with hexane and analyzed without any clean up. The gas chromatograph was fitted with a carbofrit inserted into the glass liner to allow large volume injections. Analyses were carried out both in EI and CI mode. Recoveries from fortified samples ranged between 86 and 114% at four different fortification levels (n=6 each), ranging between 0.05 and 2.00 mg/kg. The relative standard deviation was below 19%. Both in EI and CI mode the calculated limit of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 0.01 and 0.05 mg/kg (0.08 mg/kg in CI), respectively. Moreover the influence of yeasts and bacteria fermentation was evaluated.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Tossicologia, Università di Cagliari, via Ospedale 72, 09124 Cagliari, Italy. aangioni@unica.it
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Angioni
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garau
authors.forename: Pierluigi
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Caboni
authors.forename: Maria Teresa
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: Giovanni Antonio
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Farris
authors.forename: Severino
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zara
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cabras
mesh_terms: D000438:Alcohols / Q000378:metabolism; D000577:Amides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D001203:Ascomycota / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D001628:Beverages; D005285:Fermentation / Q000187:drug effects; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D006095:Gram-Positive Cocci / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007773:Lactates / Q000378:metabolism; D007934:Leuconostoc / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008293:Malates / Q000378:metabolism; D008956:Models, Chemical; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors; D027843:Vitis / Q000378:metabolism*; D014920:Wine
chemical_list: D000438:Alcohols; D000577:Amides; D007773:Lactates; D008293:Malates; D010573:Pesticide Residues; C451427:zoxamide