title: Study of the inflammatory process induced by injection of carrageenan or formalin in the rat temporomandibular joint.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the injection of two phlogistic agents, carrageenan and formalin, in the rat TMJ, and the inflammatory process induced by these substances. In this study, a total of 45 adult rats were distributed in two experimental groups and a control group. The animals were sacrificed after three hours, 24 hours, three days, seven days, and 15 days after a single injection of each substance. Histological data initially demonstrated an inflammatory process represented by acute infiltration, which later became mixed, and finally chronic in both experimental groups. Hyperplasia of the synovial membrane was observed after three days, being intense at seven days, and present after 15 days only in the formalin group. Local saline injection in the control group caused no inflammatory reaction. It was concluded that a single local injection of carrageenan or formalin was enough to induce inflammatory reaction in the TMJ and periarticular soft tissues, and that the resulting processes were similar, but more persistent in the formalin group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Maxillofacial Surgery, Prosthodontics and Traumatology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo.
authors.forename: Alan Cruvinel
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Goulart
authors.forename: Francisco Antônio dos Santos
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Correia
authors.forename: Suzana Cantanhede Orsini Machado de
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.forename: João Gualberto de Cerqueira
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Luz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D001847:Bone Diseases; D002351:Carrageenan / Q000633:toxicity*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000633:toxicity*; D010000:Osteitis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D013705:Temporomandibular Joint Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D005557:Formaldehyde; D002351:Carrageenan