title: Effect of exercise on ovarian morphology and expression of nerve growth factor and alpha(1)- and beta(2)-adrenergic receptors in rats with steroid-induced polycystic ovaries.
abstract: Oestadiol valerate (EV)-induced polycystic ovaries (PCO) in rats cause anovulation and cystic ovarian morphology. Denervation of ovarian sympathetic nerves restores ovulatory disruption. In the present study, we determined whether 5 weeks of voluntary exercise influence ovarian morphology and the expression of sympathetic markers in the EV-induced PCO rat model. The effect of exercise on (i) ovarian morphology; (ii) mRNA and protein expression of nerve growth factor (NGF); and (iii) mRNA and number of ovarian-expressing cells for the NGF receptor (p75 neurotrophin receptor) and the alpha(1a)-, alpha(1b)-, alpha(1d)- and beta(2)-adrenergic receptors (ARs) in rats with EV-induced PCO was evaluated. PCO was induced by a single i.m. injection of EV, and controls were injected with oil alone in adult cycling rats. The rats were divided into four groups: (i) control (oil); (ii) exercise group (oil + exercise); (iii) a PCO group (EV); and (iv) a PCO exercise group (EV + exercise). The exercise and PCO exercise groups ran voluntarily for 5 weeks in computer-monitored wheels placed in the cages where they were housed. The results obtained indicated that ovarian morphology was almost normalised in the PCO exercise group; NGF mRNA and protein concentrations were normalised in the PCO exercise group; high numbers of NGF receptor expressing cells in PCO ovaries were lowered by exercise; and the number of immunopositive cells of the different AR subtypes were all reduced after exercise in the PCO group, except for the alpha(1b)- and beta(2)-AR whereas the mRNA levels were unaffected, indicating transcriptional regulation. In conclusion, our data indicate a beneficial effect of regular exercise, as a modulator of ovarian sympathetic innervation, in the prevention and treatment of human PCOS.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Institute and Wallenberg Laboratory, Sahlgrenska Academy, Göteborg University, Göteborg, Sweden.
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Manni
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cajander
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lundeberg
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Naylor
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Aloe
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Holmäng
authors.forename: I H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Jonsdottir
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Stener-Victorin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D004958:Estradiol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D005260:Female; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D009929:Organ Size; D010053:Ovary / Q000294:innervation / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D020800:Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics; D018340:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2 / Q000235:genetics*; D013564:Sympathetic Nervous System / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020800:Receptor, Nerve Growth Factor; D018340:Receptors, Adrenergic, alpha-1; D018343:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-2; D004958:Estradiol; D020932:Nerve Growth Factor