title: An integrated optical leaky waveguide sensor with electrically induced concentration system for the detection of bacteria.
abstract: An integrated, sensitive and rapid system was developed for the detection of bacteria. The system combined an optical metal-clad leaky waveguide (MCLW) sensor with an electric field. The electric field was used to concentrate Bacillus subtilis var. niger(BG) bacteria spores onto the immobilized anti-BG antibody on the MCLW sensor surface. This sensor combination has been characterised by detecting the scattering from bacterial spores, which are concentrated at the sensor surface, when they are illuminated at the coupling angle; and by detection of fluorescence from labelled antibodies added after the spores had been captured on the surface. The light scattering and fluorescence detection methods gave a detection limit of BG bacterial spores of 1 x 10(3) spores ml(-1) when the electric field was applied for 3 minutes.
authors.affiliation: School of Materials Science, The University of Manchester, Manchester M17 HS, UK. m.zourob@manchester.ac.uk
authors.forename: Mohammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zourob
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mohr
authors.forename: Bernard J Treves
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Peter R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Fielden
authors.forename: Martin B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: McDonnell
authors.forename: Nicholas J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Goddard
mesh_terms: D001412:Bacillus subtilis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D007118:Immunoassay / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D046210:Microfluidic Analytical Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D055095:Optics and Photonics / Q000295:instrumentation*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D013170:Spores / Q000302:isolation & purification; D018511:Systems Integration; D014159:Transducers