title: Is routine biopsy of the lacrimal sac wall indicated at dacryocystorhinostomy? A prospective study and literature review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether routine biopsy of the lacrimal sac wall at dacryocystorhinostomy (DCR) is indicated.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective study and literature review. In 193 consecutive endoscopic DCRs performed on 164 patients (108 females and 56 males) part of the medial wall of the lacrimal sac was sent for histological examination. The mean age of the patients was 64 years with a range of 2.5-89 years. Previous reported series were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 193 specimens, 44 (23%) showed normal histology, 146 (76%) showed varying degrees of non-specific chronic inflammation, and three (1.2%) showed specific pathology. Of the three specimens that showed specific pathology two showed sarcoidosis and one showed transitional cell papilloma. The two specimens with sarcoidosis were obtained from one patient who underwent bilateral surgery. In this and the six previous reported series only seven of 1294 specimens (0.5%) showed specific pathology, which was definitely not suspected preoperatively or intraoperatively, and only one of these (0.08%) was found to be malignant (a lymphoma).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Biopsy of the lacrimal sac wall at DCR is not indicated routinely and is only indicated if there is a reason to suspect pathology other than chronic inflammation preoperatively or intraoperatively.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Ipswich Hospital NHS Trust, Heath Road, Ipswich IP4 5PD, UK.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Merkonidis
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Brewis
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yung
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nussbaumer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003607:Dacryocystitis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D003608:Dacryocystorhinostomy; D005134:Eye Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007765:Lacrimal Apparatus / Q000473:pathology*; D007767:Lacrimal Duct Obstruction / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019564:Unnecessary Procedures