title: Nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding: standard and new treatment.
abstract: Nonvariceal upper gastrointestinal bleeding remains a challenging problem with a significant morbidity and mortality. In recent years endoscopic techniques have evolved, resulting in improved primary hemostasis and a reduction in the risk of rebleeding. Combination endoscopic therapy followed by high-dose proton pump inhibitor shows improved outcomes. Innovative endoscopic therapies hold promise but are as yet unproved. An aging population with significant medical comorbidities has a major influence on the overall outcome from upper gastrointestinal bleeding.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Belfast City Hospital, Belfast, Northern Ireland.
authors.forename: Charles B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Ferguson
authors.forename: Robert M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Mitchell
mesh_terms: D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D005773:Gastroscopy / Q000379:methods; D016558:Hemostasis, Endoscopic / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D016896:Treatment Outcome