title: Prevention of early flowering by expression of FLOWERING LOCUS C requires methylation of histone H3 K36.
abstract: Flowering represents a crucial transition from a vegetative to a reproductive phase of the plant life cycle. Despite extensive studies, the molecular mechanisms controlling flowering remain elusive. Although the enzymes involved are unknown, methylation of histone H3 K9 and K27 correlates with repression of FLOWERING LOCUS C (FLC), an essential transcriptional repressor involved in flowering time control in Arabidopsis thaliana; in contrast, methylation of H3K4 correlates with FLC activation. Here we show that loss-of-function of SET DOMAIN GROUP 8 (SDG 8), which encodes a homologue of the yeast SET2 histone methyltransferase, results in reduced dimethylation of histone H3K36, particularly in chromatin associated with the FLC promoter and the first intron, regions that contain essential cis-elements for transcription. sdg8 mutants display reduced FLC expression and flower early, establishing SDG8-mediated H3K36 methylation as a novel epigenetic memory code required for FLC expression in preventing early flowering. This is the first demonstrated role of H3K36 methylation in eukaryote development.
authors.affiliation: Institut de Biologie Moléculaire des Plantes (IBMP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Louis Pasteur de Strasbourg (ULP), 12 rue du Général Zimmer, 67084 Strasbourg Cédex, France.
authors.forename: Zhong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: Chengjun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Wen-Hui
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D044127:Epigenesis, Genetic; D035264:Flowers / Q000235:genetics*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D026161:MADS Domain Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008745:Methylation; D018521:Plant Physiological Phenomena; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; C418902:At5g10140 protein, Arabidopsis; D006657:Histones; D026161:MADS Domain Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins