title: Biphasic lipid vesicles (Biphasix) enhance the adjuvanticity of CpG oligonucleotides following systemic and mucosal administration.
abstract: CpG oligonucleotides (ODNs) are potent mucosal and systemic adjuvants. For practical applications however, improvements in delivery need to be developed. A mouse model was used to determine if the biological activity of CpG ODNs could be enhanced using a novel delivery system of biphasic lipid vesicles (Biphasix Vaccine-Targeting Adjuvant; VTA). Immunization studies were performed to evaluate the potential of VTA formulations to enhance the immunoadjuvant activity of CpG ODNs following systemic or mucosal administration with gD. Immune responses following immunization were assessed by protection from HSV-1 viral challenge and characterization of serum gD-specific antibody responses using ELISA. VTA formulations in combination with CpG and glycoprotein D (gD) were able to increase gD-specific IgG in serum compared to gD alone, and protect from a lethal HSV-1 challenge following subcutaneous immunization. Following mucosal immunization, VTA formulations in combination with CpG and antigen enhanced mucosal IgA responses compared to CpG and antigen administered in PBS.
authors.affiliation: PharmaDerm Laboratories LTD., 109-111 Research Drive, Saskatoon, Sask. S7N 3R2, Canada.
authors.forename: Shawn
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Babiuk
authors.forename: Maria E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Baca-Estrada
authors.forename: Dorothy M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Middleton
authors.forename: Rolf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hecker
authors.forename: Lorne A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Babiuk
authors.forename: Marianna
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Foldvari
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D018899:CpG Islands; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000378:metabolism; D004337:Drug Carriers; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D005260:Female; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D022301:Herpes Simplex Virus Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000276:immunology; D007114:Immunization; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009092:Mucous Membrane / Q000276:immunology; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012867:Skin / Q000473:pathology; D014612:Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D016207:Cytokines; D004337:Drug Carriers; D022301:Herpes Simplex Virus Vaccines; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D009841:Oligonucleotides; D014612:Vaccines