title: Bone ingrowth in retrieved Bryan Cervical Disc prostheses.
abstract: METHODS
  Explant analysis for bone ingrowth of retrieved cervical disc prosthesis in chimpanzees and humans.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the bone ingrowth into retrieved Bryan Cervical Discs.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Bone ingrowth in cervical disc prosthesis has not been documented in the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chimpanzee: Two chimpanzees underwent placement of the Bryan disc at C3-C4 and 3 months later had explantation and interbody fusion. Human: Two patients had removal of their Bryan disc and interbody fusion for failure to resolve symptoms at 8 and 10 months. The explants were analyzed for bone ingrowth.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Chimpanzee: Histologic analysis showed bony ingrowth through the interstices of the porous coating and apposition ranging from 10% to 50% of toluidine blue-stained sections. New ingrowth, rather than bony impaction, was confirmed with fluorochrome-labeled sections Human: Bone ingrowth was a mean of 30.1% (12% SD). No difference was observed between peripheral, intermediate, or central locations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adequate bony apposition was found in all primate device-to-vertebral body interfaces. Human retrievals also demonstrated significant ingrowth in all four surfaces. This compares with hip and knee arthroplasty percent ingrowth rates of 10% to 30%. All implants had stable fixation judged by radiographs and at the time of implant removal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopedic Surgery and Rehabilitation, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53792, USA.
authors.forename: Wade K
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Jensen
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Louis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nel
authors.forename: Jeffrey P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Rouleau
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae; D006801:Humans; D007403:Intervertebral Disc / Q000601:surgery*; D016348:Osseointegration; D002679:Pan troglodytes; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D014025:Titanium; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D014025:Titanium