Diagnostic radiology and nuclear medicine.
The diagnosis and accurate staging of esophageal adenocarcinoma remains one of the greatest challenges for non-invasive imaging techniques. All modalities have limitations and require a rational application of combined tools in order to assess the extent of loco-regional tumor and distant metastatic disease. The fundamental role remains defining organ-confined disease and mapping non-organ confined disease. Endoscopic ultrasound combined with multislice computed tomography (CT) is the mainstay of morphologic loco-regional staging. In recent years, functional metabolic 2-[fluorine-18]fluoro-2-deoxy-D-glucose (FDG)-positron emission tomography (PET) has emerged as a particularly useful adjunct to detect occult metastatic disease, to predict response to neoadjuvant therapy and to document recurrent disease. The current imaging algorithm and new developments in imaging assessment will be reviewed.
Castillo
Ernesto
E
Instituto Radiológico Castillo, Fernández de la Hoz 51, 28003 Madrid, Spain.
Lawler
Leo P
LP
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed
D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18