title: Gastrostomy and jejunostomy placement: the urban hospital perspective pertinent to nursing home care.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In nursing home settings, providers often think that most percutaneous endoscopic gastrostomy (PEG) tubes are placed in older people, some perhaps inappropriately. We sought to describe the relationships between patient age and the indications for, the decision making behind, and the outcomes of gastrostomy and jejunostomy placement in an urban hospital to give perspective to those of us working in long-term care settings.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, observational study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Urban hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred thirty-nine inpatients who underwent gastrostomy or jejunostomy (G/J) placement.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospital records were reviewed for patient demographics, disease process, decision making, and short-term outcomes associated with G/J placement. Mortality at 30 days and 1 year was obtained by a search of the National Death Index. The prevalence of these variables in those aged 65 years and older was compared to the prevalence in those younger than 65 with associations calculated both unadjusted and adjusted for gender, place of residence, underlying condition, and Charlson comorbidity index.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients who were aged 65 years and older were more likely to be female with more comorbid illnesses and were more likely to have had a stroke that precipitated their difficulty eating. They were more likely to have been referred by a medical specialist, to have been seen by a speech pathologist, and to have had their procedure without general anesthesia. The older patients had a shorter mean hospital length of stay with fewer complications but had higher mortality rates at 30 days and 1 year.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patient age was associated with gender and type of disease process and may have influenced the decisions made during the hospital stay. Despite a higher burden of chronic illness, older patient age was not associated with adverse short-term outcomes but was associated with higher mortality rates after discharge.
authors.affiliation: VA Puget Sound Geriatric Research, Education, and Clinical Center, Seattle, WA, USA.
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Phillips
authors.forename: Carol J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Cornejo
authors.forename: Eric K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Hoffer
authors.forename: Wayne C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: McCormick
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003657:Decision Making; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005774:Gastrostomy / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006786:Hospitals, Urban; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007582:Jejunostomy / Q000379:methods / Q000401:mortality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009735:Nursing Homes; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012737:Sex Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome