title: Bioabsorbable fixation devices in trauma and bone surgery: current clinical standing.
abstract: Bioabsorbable fixation devices are increasingly used in trauma, orthopedic and craniomaxillofacial surgery. The devices are essentially made of polylactic acid and/or polyglycolic acid polymers. Ultra-high-strength implants are manufactured from such polymers using self-reinforcing techniques. Implants are available for stabilization of fractures, osteotomies, bone grafts and fusions, as well as for reattachment of ligaments, tendons, meniscal tears and other soft tissue structures. As these implants are completely absorbed, the need for a removal operation is overcome and long-term interference with tendons, nerves and the growing skeleton is avoided. The risk of implant-associated stress shielding, peri-implant osteoporosis and infections is reduced. Implants do not interfere with clinical imaging. Current clinical use of bioabsorbable devices is reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Peijas Hospital, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Finland and Biomedicum Helsinki, Institute of Biomedicine/Anatomy, PO Box 63, FIN-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland. eero.waris@helsinki.fi
authors.forename: Eero
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Waris
authors.forename: Y T
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Konttinen
authors.forename: Nureddin
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ashammakhi
authors.forename: Riitta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Suuronen
authors.forename: Seppo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santavirta
mesh_terms: D020341:Absorbable Implants; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000293:injuries / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D016268:Internal Fixators; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011091:Polyesters; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D011108:Polymers / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011091:Polyesters; D011108:Polymers; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; C033616:poly(lactide)