title: Electrophysiological findings during ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation with electroanatomic mapping and double Lasso catheter technique.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Pulmonary veins (PVs) can be completely isolated with continuous circular lesions (CCLs) around the ipsilateral PVs. However, electrophysiological findings have not been described in detail during ablation of persistent atrial fibrillation (AF).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty patients with symptomatic persistent AF underwent complete isolation of the right-sided and left-sided ipsilateral PVs guided by 3D mapping and double Lasso technique during AF. Irrigated ablation was initially performed in the right-sided CCLs and subsequently in the left-sided CCLs. After complete isolation of both lateral PVs, stable sinus rhythm was achieved after AF termination in 12 patients; AF persisted and required cardioversion in 18 patients. In the remaining 10 patients, AF changed to left macroreentrant atrial tachycardia in 6 and common-type atrial flutter in 4 patients. All atrial tachycardias were successfully terminated during the procedure. Atrial tachyarrhythmias recurred in 15 of 40 patients at a median of 4 days after the initial ablation. A repeat ablation was performed at a median of 35 days after the initial procedure in 14 patients. During the repeat study, recovered PV conduction was found in 13 patients and successfully abolished by focal ablation of the conduction gap of the previous CCLs. After a mean of 8+/-2 months of follow-up, 38 (95%) of the 40 patients were free of AF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with persistent AF, CCLs can result in either AF termination or conversion to macroreentrant atrial tachycardia in 55% of the patients. In addition, recovered PV conduction after the initial procedure is a dominant finding in recurrent atrial tachyarrhythmias and can be successfully abolished.
authors.affiliation: II. Med. Abteilung, Allgemeines Krankenhaus St. Georg, Lohmühlenstrasse 5, 20099 Hamburg, Germany. Ouyangfeifan@aol.com
authors.forename: Feifan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ernst
authors.forename: Julian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chun
authors.forename: Dietmar
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bänsch
authors.forename: Yigang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Anselm
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schaumann
authors.forename: Hercules
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mavrakis
authors.forename: Xingpeng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Florian T
authors.initials: FT
authors.lastname: Deger
authors.forename: Boris
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Yumei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Jiang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Detlef
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hennig
authors.forename: He
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Karl-Heinz
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Kuck
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Antz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation; D004554:Electric Countershock; D004594:Electrophysiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome