title: Highlights of the epidemiology of renal replacement therapy in Central and Eastern Europe.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the past 15 years, dramatic political and economic changes have occurred in Central and Eastern Europe (CEE) which also had a positive impact on the availability of renal replacement therapy. The aim of the present study was to analyse the progress achieved in the new millennium.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 18 CEE countries collected during two independent surveys (1999 and 2002) were validated using information from national and ERA-EDTA registries, and analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The data collected from 18 CEE countries clearly document further development and improvement of renal replacement therapy in this region of Europe. In 63% of countries, the incidence rate had become comparable with that observed in more developed European countries. The two main modalities of dialysis, i.e. haemodialysis and peritoneal dialysis, are used. The frequency of the use of PD varies between 0.5% and nearly 37%. Privatization of dialysis units has started in 18 CEE countries. Currently between 2.5% (Russia) and 90% (Hungary) of patients are treated in non-public centres. Renal transplantation is quite well developed in half of the CEE states. In the states on the territory of the former Soviet Union, substantial progress in renal replacement therapy was achieved in the Baltic states, but the development in Byelorussia and Russia is still unsatisfactory.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The availability and outcome of renal replacement therapy in the majority of states in CEE have become comparable with what is seen in more developed Western Europe. Nevertheless, large differences exist between individual countries. In particular, definite improvement is urgent in Byelorussia and Russia.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Transplantology and Internal Medicine, Medical University, Debinki 7, 80-211 Gdańsk, Poland. bolo@amg.gda.pl
authors.forename: Boleslaw
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rutkowski
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005061:Europe, Eastern / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D010530:Peritoneal Dialysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D017582:Renal Replacement Therapy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D017749:Total Quality Management; D016896:Treatment Outcome