title: Biological monitoring of welders exposed to aluminium.
abstract: To evaluate an adequate strategy for biological monitoring of aluminium (Al), a group of 62 Al welders (age in 1999: 23-51 years, median 35 years) was surveyed annually from 1999 to 2003 by determination of pre- and post-shift Al in urine and plasma. Biomonitoring was supplemented by personal air measurements of the total dust concentration. The welders' internal exposure was compared to the exposure of 60 non-exposed assembly workers (age in 1999: 21-51 years, median: 36 years) who were surveyed in 1999, 2001 and 2003. Having a nearly constant dust exposure, median concentrations of Al in urine (Al in plasma) of the welders decreased from 40.1 microg/g to 19.8 microg/g creatinine (8.7 to 4.6 microg/l). For the control group the median levels of Al in urine (plasma) ranged from 4.8 microg/g to 5.2 microg/g creatinine (2.4-4.3 microg/l) indicating a higher sensitivity for the marker Al in urine. No systematic differences have been found between pre- and post-shift internal exposure. This might be caused by the slow elimination kinetics and low systemic bioavailability of Al. A correlation analysis did not yield close relationships between dust exposure, Al in plasma and Al in urine underlining the importance of biomonitoring for assessment of Al exposure.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Occupational, Social, and Environmental Medicine, University of Mainz, Obere Zahlbacher Strasse 67, 55131 Mainz, Germany. rossbach@uni-mainz.de
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rossbach
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Buchta
authors.forename: György A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Csanády
authors.forename: Johannes G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Filser
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hilla
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Windorfer
authors.forename: Joachim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stork
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zschiesche
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gefeller
authors.forename: Annette
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pfahlberg
authors.forename: Karl-Heinz
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Schaller
authors.forename: Ellen
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Egerer
authors.forename: Luis Carlos
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Escobar Pinzón
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Letzel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine*; D000535:Aluminum / Q000097:blood / Q000652:urine*; D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000032:analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D014896:Welding
chemical_list: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D004391:Dust; D000535:Aluminum