title: Non-tuberculous mycobacteria disease as a cause of hospitalization in HIV-infected subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study characterized and determined the prevalence of mycobacterial diseases (tuberculosis (TB) and non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM)) as a cause of hospitalization among HIV-infected subjects consecutively admitted to a large metropolitan hospital during 2001/2002.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hospital discharge diagnoses were established for 521 HIV-positive patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Respiratory disease accounted for 49% of the admissions. Community acquired pneumonia (CAP) was the main cause of respiratory disease (52%) followed by Pneumocystis carinii (PCP, 24%), non-tuberculous mycobacteria (NTM, 11%) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (TB, 9%). Mycobacterium tuberculosis disease was established using bacteriological, clinical and radiographic criteria. NTM disease was defined following the American Thoracic Society criteria. NTM was disseminated in the majority of cases (19 Mycobacterium avium complex (MAC), one Mycobacterium kansasii). Nine patients had respiratory disease (seven MAC, one Mycobacterium fortuitum, one Mycobacterium kansasii) and one had gastrointestinal disease caused by MAC. Mortality was 10% for NTM disseminated cases; none of the TB patients died over the course of the study. The length of hospitalization for NTM patients was longer (15+/-13 days) than for other respiratory cases (10+/-10, p=0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NTM disease along with its related mortality is a significant pathology as a cause of hospitalization among HIV-infected individuals.
authors.affiliation: Division of Disease Prevention, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences (D21), 6th Floor, University of Miami School of Medicine, 1400 N.W. 10th Ave., Miami, FL 33136, USA. mmiquez@med.miami.edu
authors.forename: Maria Jose
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Miguez-Burbano
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ashkin
authors.forename: Allan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: Ana Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Granada
authors.forename: Noaris
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Quintero
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pitchenik
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006760:Hospitalization; D006785:Hospitals, University; D006786:Hospitals, Urban; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009165:Mycobacterium Infections, Nontuberculous / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D011020:Pneumonia, Pneumocystis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014391:Tuberculosis, Miliary / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology