title: One-year outcome of psychotic depression after successful electroconvulsive therapy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Psychotic depression is thought to have a higher relapse frequency after electroconvulsive therapy (ECT) compared with nonpsychotic depression, although this observation is contradicted by previous studies that have found the opposite. In this study, the 1-year risk of relapse after successful ECT was determined prospectively in patients with psychotic depression and compared with the risk of relapse observed for depressed patients without psychotic features.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-nine responders to ECT (a decrease in Hamilton Rating Scale for Depression [HAM-D] score > or = 50%) were followed for 1 year: 29 with and 30 without psychotic features. Relapse was defined as meeting DSM-IV criteria for major depressive disorder and a HAM-D score > or = 16. The frequency of relapse after 4 and 12 months was compared between both samples, adjusted for the co-variables duration of the index episode and type of post-ECT pharmacotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  : At both 4 and 12 months after ECT, instances of relapse were significantly lower in patients with psychotic depression compared with nonpsychotic patients: 3/28 (11%) versus 16/27 (59%) and 4/27 (15%) versus 19/28 (68%), respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The main finding of the present study is the favorable 1-year outcome for patients with psychotic depression after response to ECT with a trend toward the same result at 4 months. The 1-year outcome of the total sample is also more favorable than expected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Erasmus Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. t.birkenhager@erasmusmc.nl
authors.forename: Tom K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Birkenhäger
authors.forename: Walter W
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: van den Broek
authors.forename: Paul G H
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Mulder
authors.forename: Ariejan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Lely
mesh_terms: D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000628:therapy*; D004565:Electroconvulsive Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011618:Psychotic Disorders / Q000628:therapy*; D012008:Recurrence; D016896:Treatment Outcome