Enalapril preserves sinus node function in a canine atrial fibrillation model induced by rapid atrial pacing.
RESULTS
Seventeen beagles were pretreated with either placebo (group I, n = 9) or enalapril 1 mg/kg/day (group II, n = 8) and paced at 500/min from the right atrial appendage for 4 weeks. Every week, corrected sinus node recovery time (CSNRT) and sinus cycle length (SCL) were measured. Quantitative analysis of interstitial fibrosis (IF) and adipose tissue (AT) in the SN was performed with Masson's trichrome stain, and apoptosis of the sinus nodal cells were detected with terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase nick end-labeling. In group I, rapid atrial pacing prolonged both CSNRT and SCL. After 4 weeks of pacing, CSNRT and SCL were significantly shorter in group II (CSNRT, 410 +/- 37 msec; SCL, 426 +/- 34 msec) than in group I (CSNRT, 717 +/- 52 msec, P < 0.005; SCL, 568 +/- 73 msec, P < 0.05). Both IF and AT of the SN were greater in group I (IF, 9.7 +/- 1.9%; AT, 32.6 +/- 5.9%) than in seven sham dogs (IF, 2.4 +/- 0.9%, P < 0.05; AT, 4.0 +/- 1.7%, P < 0.05) and in group II dogs (IF, 4.0 +/- 2.0%, P < 0.05; AT, 4.0 +/- 1.7%, P < 0.05). End-labeling assay was positive in three of nine dogs in group I, but negative in group II and sham dogs.


CONCLUSIONS
Rapid atrial pacing impaired SN function through IF and AT of the SN. Enalapril prevented these pacing-induced degenerative changes and improved SN function.
Sakabe
Masao
M
Second Department of Internal Medicine, Toyama Medical and Pharmaceutical University, Toyama, Japan.
Fujiki
Akira
A
Nishida
Kunihiro
K
Sugao
Masataka
M
Nagasawa
Hidehiko
H
Tsuneda
Takayuki
T
Mizumaki
Koichi
K
Inoue
Hiroshi
H
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; D004285:Dogs; D022062:Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac; D004656:Enalapril / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D012849:Sinoatrial Node / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D004656:Enalapril