title: Localization of the lipopolysaccharide-binding protein in phospholipid membranes by atomic force microscopy.
abstract: Lipopolysaccharides (LPS; endotoxin) activate immunocompetent cells of the host via a transmembrane signaling process. In this study, we investigated the function of the LPS-binding protein (LBP) in this process. The cytoplasmic membrane of the cells was mimicked by lipid liposomes adsorbed on mica, and the lateral organization of LBP in these membranes and its interaction with LPS aggregates were characterized by atomic force microscopy. Using cantilever tips functionalized with anti-LBP antibodies, single LBP molecules were localized in the membrane at low concentrations. At higher concentrations, LBP formed clusters of several molecules and caused cross-linking of lipid bilayers. The addition of LPS to LBP-containing liposomes led to the formation of LPS domains in the membranes, which could be inhibited by anti-LBP antibodies. Thus, LBP mediates the fusion of lipid membranes and LPS aggregates.
authors.affiliation: Research Center Borstel, Leibniz-Center for Medicine and Biological Sciences, Division of Biophysics, Parkallee 10, Borstel 23845, Germany.
authors.forename: Stefanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roes
authors.forename: Florian
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mumm
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Seydel
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gutsmann
mesh_terms: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D019281:Dimerization; D006801:Humans; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008081:Liposomes; D008561:Membrane Fusion; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D010743:Phospholipids; D000099231:Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein
chemical_list: D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008081:Liposomes; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D010743:Phospholipids; D000099231:Lipopolysaccharide-Binding Protein