title: Hyperoxaluria-induced oxidative stress and antioxidants for renal protection.
abstract: Renal cellular exposure to oxalate (Ox) and/or CaOx crystals leads to the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), development of oxidative stress followed by injury and inflammation. Renal injury and inflammation appear to play a significant role in stone formation. ROS are produced from many sources and involve a variety of signaling pathways. Tissue culture and animal model studies show that treatments with anti-oxidants and free radical scavengers reduce Ox/CaOx crystal induced injuries. In addition, CaOx crystal deposition in kidneys is significantly reduced by treatments with antioxidants and free radical scavengers, indicating their efficacy. These results point towards a great potential for the therapeutic application of antioxidants and free radical scavengers to reduce stone recurrence particularly after shock wave lithotripsy, which is itself known to generate ROS and cause renal damage.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Immunology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida 32610, USA. khan@pathology.ufl.edu
authors.forename: Saeed R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002129:Calcium Oxalate; D006801:Humans; D006959:Hyperoxaluria / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000503:physiopathology*; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000517:prevention & control; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D015398:Signal Transduction
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D002129:Calcium Oxalate