title: Peripherally administered CRF stimulates colonic motility via central CRF receptors and vagal pathways in conscious rats.
abstract: Corticotropin releasing factor (CRF) is one of the most important factors in the mechanism of stress-induced stimulation of colonic motility. However, it is controversial whether stress-induced stimulation of colonic motility is mediated via central or peripheral CRF receptors. We investigated the hypothesis that peripherally injected CRF accelerates colonic motility through the central CRF receptor, but not the peripheral CRF receptor. A strain gauge transducer was sutured on the serosal surface of the proximal colon. Colonic motility was monitored before and after the peripheral injection of CRF. An in vitro muscle strip study was also performed to investigate the peripheral effects of CRF. Subcutaneous injection of CRF (30-100 microg/kg) stimulated colonic motility in a dose-dependent manner. The stimulatory effect of peripherally administered CRF on colonic motility was abolished by truncal vagotomy, hexamethonium, atropine, and intracisternal injection of astressin (a CRF receptor antagonist). No responses to CRF (10(-9) -10(-7) M) of the muscle strips of the proximal colon were observed. These results suggest that the stimulatory effect of colonic motility in response to peripheral administration of CRF is mediated by the vagus nerve, nicotinic receptors, muscarinic receptors, and CRF receptors of the brain stem. It is concluded that peripherally administered CRF reaches the area postrema and activates the dorsal nucleus of vagi via central CRF receptors, resulting in stimulation of the vagal efferent and cholinergic transmission of the proximal colon.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, and Durham Veterans Affairs Medical Center, 508 Fulton St., Durham, NC 27705, USA.
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsukamoto
authors.forename: Yukiomi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakade
authors.forename: Christopher
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mantyh
authors.forename: Kirk
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ludwig
authors.forename: Theodore N
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Pappas
authors.forename: Toku
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takahashi
mesh_terms: D000344:Afferent Pathways / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001285:Atropine / Q000494:pharmacology; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D003106:Colon / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D003243:Consciousness; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D005769:Gastrointestinal Motility / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018738:Hexamethonium / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000503:physiopathology; D015167:Vagotomy, Truncal; D014630:Vagus Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D018019:Receptors, Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone; C104416:astressin; D018738:Hexamethonium; D001285:Atropine; D002217:Carbachol; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone