title: Prevalence of chlamydiae in boars and semen used for artificial insemination.
abstract: Although there are indications for venereal transmission of chlamydiae in pigs, direct diagnostic evidence on the presence of these bacteria in boars and boar semen in particular is still incomplete. We investigated boars from two studs (A, B) in semen (A: n = 174; B: n = 100) and faeces (A: n = 174; B: n = 24) for chlamydiae using ompA-PCR and partial ompA gene sequencing. Additionally, blood serum was examined for chlamydial antibodies using an indirect ELISA (A: n = 171; B: n = 62). Chlamydiae were found in 9 (5.2%) and 24 (24.0%) semen specimens, and in 71 (40.1%) and 2 (8.3%) faecal samples from boars of stud A and B, respectively. Regarding individual chlamydial species, Chlamydophila psittaci and Chlamydia suis were identified most frequently, with the former predominating in semen (in 23 out of 33 positive samples) and the latter in faeces (68/73). In contrast, Chlamydophila pecorum was found only sporadically. Chlamydial antibodies were detected in 80 (46.8%) and 6 (9.7%) boars of stud A and B, respectively. No correlation was observed between the data from serology and PCR of semen or faeces in either of the studs. In conclusion, detection of chlamydiae in semen of boars suggests a potential for venereal transmission. Whether the high overall prevalence of chlamydial infections reflects a general situation in boars needs to be investigated. Serological testing failed to identify boars shedding chlamydiae in their semen.
authors.affiliation: Large Animal Clinic for Theriogenology and Ambulatory Services, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Leipzig, An den Tierkliniken 29, 04103 Leipzig, Germany. kauffold@vetmed.uni-leipzig.de
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kauffold
authors.forename: Falk
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Melzer
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Henning
authors.forename: Katrin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Schulze
authors.forename: Claus
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Leiding
authors.forename: Konrad
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sachse
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial / Q000097:blood; D002689:Chlamydia / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary; D002691:Chlamydophila psittaci / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D007315:Insemination, Artificial / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012661:Semen / Q000382:microbiology*; D013552:Swine / Q000382:microbiology*; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000635:transmission
chemical_list: D000907:Antibodies, Bacterial; D004269:DNA, Bacterial