Embryo technologies and animal health - consequences for the animal following ovum pick-up, in vitro embryo production and somatic cell nuclear transfer.
Mammalian reproductive technologies that aim either to complement or to transcend conventional livestock breeding options have contributed to some of the most remarkable achievements in the field of reproductive biology in recent decades. In so doing they have extended our horizons in two distinct dimensions, the first concerning what it is technically possible to achieve and the second relating to the time-frame within which an individual's life-long developmental capability is initially established and ultimately realized or undermined. Our impressions of the benefits and values, or otherwise, of technologies such as in vitro embryo production and nuclear transfer are rightly influenced by the extent to which they impinge on the health of animals either subjected to or derived from them. Here, we consider some of the health implications of oocyte/embryo-centric technologies applied to farm livestock.
McEvoy
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Scottish Agricultural College, Ferguson Building, Sustainable Livestock Systems Group, Craibstone Estate, Bucksburn, Aberdeen, Scotland, UK. tom.mcevoy@sac.ac.uk
Alink
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Moreira
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Watt
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Powell
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D000827:Animal Welfare; D000818:Animals; D000829:Animals, Domestic / Q000196:embryology*; D001947:Breeding / Q000379:methods; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000662:veterinary; D019976:Cloning, Organism / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000662:veterinary; D004624:Embryo Transfer / Q000662:veterinary; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000502:physiology*; D004625:Embryo, Nonmammalian; D005260:Female; D053652:Nuclear Transfer Techniques; D009865:Oocytes / Q000502:physiology; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000502:physiology; D027724:Reproductive Techniques, Assisted / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000662:veterinary*; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000662:veterinary*