title: Patterns of cerebral activation during lexical and phonological reading in Portuguese.
abstract: According to the concepts of cognitive neuropsychology, there are two principal routes of reading processing: a lexical route, in which global reading of words occurs and a phonological route, responsible for the conversion of the graphemes into their respective phonemes. In the present study, functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) was used to investigate the patterns of cerebral activation in lexical and phonological reading by 13 healthy women with a formal educational level greater than 11 years. Participants were submitted to a silent reading task containing three types of stimuli: real words (irregular and foreign words), nonwords and illegitimate graphic stimuli. An increased number of activated voxels were identified by fMRI in the word reading (lexical processing) than in the nonword reading (phonological processing) task. In word reading, activation was greater than for nonwords in the following areas: superior, middle and inferior frontal gyri, and bilateral superior temporal gyrus, right cerebellum and the left precentral gyrus, as indicated by fMRI. In the reading of nonwords, the activation was predominant in the right cerebellum and in the left superior temporal gyrus. The results of the present study suggest the existence of differences in the patterns of cerebral activation during lexical and phonological reading, with greater involvement of the right hemisphere in reading words than nonwords.
authors.affiliation: Grupo de Neurologia Cognitiva e do Comportamento, Departamento de Neurologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua Montesquieu 371/62, Chácara Klabin, 04116-190 São Paulo, SP, Brazil. senaha@uol.com.br
authors.forename: M L H
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Senaha
authors.forename: M G M
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Amaro
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Campi
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Caramelli
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001931:Brain Mapping / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000502:physiology*; D011932:Reading