title: HIV-infected cells are major inducers of plasmacytoid dendritic cell interferon production, maturation, and migration.
abstract: Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDC), natural type-1 interferon (IFN) producing cells, could play a role in the innate anti-HIV immune response. Previous reports indicated that PDC IFN production is induced by HIV. Our results show a more robust IFN induction when purified PDC (>95%) were exposed to HIV-infected cells. This effect was not observed with non-viable cells, DNA, and RNA extracted from infected cells, and viral proteins. The response was blocked by anti-CD4 and neutralizing anti-gp120 antibodies as well as soluble CD4. IFN induction by HIV-infected cells was also prevented by low-dose chloroquine, which inhibits endosomal acidification. PDC IFN release resulted in reduced HIV production by infected CD4+ cells, supporting an anti-HIV activity of PDC. Stimulated CD4+ cells induced PDC activation and maturation; markers for PDC migration (CCR7) were enhanced by HIV-infected CD4+ cells only. This latter finding could explain the decline in circulating PDC in HIV-infected individuals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Division Hematology/Oncology, University of California, San Francisco, CA 94143-0128, USA.
authors.forename: Barbara
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Brittany M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Ashlock
authors.forename: Hillary
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Foster
authors.forename: Sue H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Fujimura
authors.forename: Jay A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Levy
mesh_terms: D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D002450:Cell Communication / Q000276:immunology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002465:Cell Movement; D018920:Coculture Techniques; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D004705:Endocytosis; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007370:Interferon Type I / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D010950:Plasma Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D007370:Interferon Type I