title: Transfer, control, and automatic processing in a complex motor task: an examination of bounce juggling.
abstract: The authors evaluated the hypothesis that controlled and automatic processes are opposite ends of a continuum of learning (e.g., R. M. Shiffrin & W. Schneider, 1977) vs. an alternative, concurrent emergence hypothesis (e.g., J. M. Bebko et al., 2003; G. Logan, 1989). The authors also measured potential positive transfer effects of learning from one motor task to another. Four experienced cascade jugglers and 5 novices learned to bounce juggle, practicing regularly for 5 weeks. The experienced jugglers showed positive transfer of learning, maintaining a lead of approximately 6-10 days over the novices, even as both groups automatized the new skill. Measures of automatic and controlled processing were positively correlated, indicating that those processes emerge concurrently. The authors present a model in which controlled and automatic processes emerge orthogonally.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, York University, 4700 Keele Street, Toronto, Ontario M3J 1P3, Canada. jbebko@yorku.ca
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bebko
authors.forename: Jenny L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Demark
authors.forename: Nancie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Im-Bolter
authors.forename: Angie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: MacKewn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001332:Automatism; D005260:Female; D006225:Hand / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D014163:Transfer, Psychology; D014796:Visual Perception / Q000502:physiology*