title: Human leukocyte antigens in indigenous (mapuche) people in a regional renal transplantation program in chile.
abstract: An active regional transplantation program established in the southern region of Chile has allowed the incorporation of ethnic minorities particularly Mapuche living in this geographic area in the development of a histocompatibility database. To identify possible differences in the human leukocyte (HLA) antigen distribution in Chilean Mapuche compared with non-Mapuche, we reviewed 442 HLA tissue-typing studies. Seventy-eight of 309 recipients (25%) and 18 of 133 donors (13%) were Mapuche. Among recipients, Mapuche people showed a significantly higher frequency of the HLA antigens, A28, B16, DR4, and DR8, and a lower one for A19, B15, and DR1 (P < .05) compared with non-Mapuche individuals. A particularly higher frequency of the haplotype A28, -B16, -DR4 was also evidenced in Mapuche. Besides, these recipients showed a higher frequency of the allele -DR4 when compared with Mapuche donors. A greater frequency of some histocompatibility antigens in patients with chronic renal disease might be attributed to allelic concentration due to a high index of endogamy, but a possible association with the development of progressive renal disease cannot be ignored, especially when a higher prevalence of DR4 was observed among Mapuche recipients.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio de Histocompatibilidad, Unidad de Nefrología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Droguett
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Oyarzún
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alruiz
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Jerez
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mezzano
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ardiles
mesh_terms: D002677:Chile; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000097:blood*; D015234:HLA-A Antigens / Q000097:blood; D015235:HLA-B Antigens / Q000097:blood; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000097:blood; D006239:Haplotypes; D006650:Histocompatibility Testing; D006801:Humans; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D044382:Population Groups; D014019:Tissue Donors
chemical_list: D006680:HLA Antigens; D015234:HLA-A Antigens; D015235:HLA-B Antigens; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens