title: Regulatory features of interleukin-1beta-mediated prostaglandin E2 synthesis in airway smooth muscle.
abstract: Exposure of airway smooth muscle (ASM) cells to the cytokine IL-1beta results in an induction of PGE2 synthesis that affects numerous cell functions. Current dogma posits induction of COX-2 protein as the critical, obligatory event in cytokine-induced PGE2 production, although PGE2 induction can be inhibited without a concomitant inhibition of COX-2. To explore other putative regulatory features we examined the role of phospholipase A2 (PLA2) and PGE synthase (PGES) enzymes in IL-1beta-induced PGE2 production. Treatment of human ASM cultures with IL-1beta caused a time-dependent induction of both cytosolic PLA2 (cPLA2) and microsomal PGES (mPGES) similar to that observed for COX-2. Regulation of COX-2 and mPGES induction was similar, being significantly reduced by inhibition of p42/p44 or p38, whereas cPLA2 induction was only minimally reduced by inhibition of p38 or PKC. COX-2 and mPGES induction was subject to feed-forward regulation by PKA, whereas cPLA2 induction was not. SB-202474, an SB-203580 analog lacking the ability to inhibit p38 but capable of inhibiting IL-1beta-induced PGE2 production, was effective in inhibiting mPGES but not COX-2 or cPLA2 induction. These data suggest that although COX-2, cPLA2, and mPGES are all induced by IL-beta in human ASM cells, regulatory features of cPLA2 are dissociated, whereas those of COX-2 and mPGES are primarily associated, with regulation of PGE2 production. mPGES induction and, possibly, cPLA2 induction appear to cooperate with COX-2 to determine IL-1beta-mediated PGE2 production in human ASM cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine and Center for Human Genomics, Wake Forest Univ. Health Sciences Center, Center for Human Genomics, Medical Center Blvd, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
authors.forename: Rodolfo M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Pascual
authors.forename: Elizabeth M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Carr
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Seeds
authors.forename: Manhong
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Reynold A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Panettieri
authors.forename: Stephen P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: Raymond B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Penn
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008861:Microsomes / Q000378:metabolism; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000378:metabolism; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000378:metabolism; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D014132:Trachea / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007375:Interleukin-1; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D010741:Phospholipases A; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D015232:Dinoprostone