title: The relevance of adhesion molecules in the classification of squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clinical studies have demonstrated increased serum levels of E-selectin, P-selectin and VCAM-1 in patients with squamous cell carcinomas, which correlate with expression in the primary tumour. For this reason, selectin expression may also support the diagnosis and be of prognostic value in squamous cell carcinoma of the head and neck (SCCHN).
  
  
  METHODS
  Using immunohistochemistry, the expressions of E- and P-selectin and VCAM-1 in SCCHN were characterised and analysed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expressions of E-selectin and VCAM-1 were increased. The magnitude of expression was unrelated to the location or size of the primary tumour. With increasing de-differentiation, the expression of E-selectin increased, whereas the number of cells expressing VCAM-1 was highly variable. In contrast, E-selectin and VCAM-1 expressions decreased with progressive metastatic disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data demonstrate that the expression patterns of E-selectin and VCAM-1 may depend on differentiation and lymphogenic metastatic disease in SCCHN, and suggest that these molecules may have a dual role, depending on the stage of tumour development. These findings support the hypothesis that expression of E-selectin and VCAM-1 may be initiated by the release of tumour necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-alpha) at an early stage of tumour development. In contrast, the decrease in selectin expression, observed as the metastatic disease progresses, may serve as a protective mechanism to prevent an influx of effector cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Philipps-University Marburg, Germany. anja.lieder@t-online.de
authors.forename: Anja M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Lieder
authors.forename: Tash G T
authors.initials: TG
authors.lastname: Prior
authors.forename: Kathryn J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Wood
authors.forename: Jochen A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Werner
mesh_terms: D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000145:classification* / Q000378:metabolism; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000145:classification* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D019040:E-Selectin; D019007:P-Selectin; D019408:Platelet Endothelial Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1