title: Early loading of non-submerged titanium implants with a sandblasted and acid-etched surface. 5-year results of a prospective study in partially edentulous patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this prospective cohort study was to evaluate the success rate of titanium screw-type implants with the sandblasted and acid-etched (SLA) surface loaded early, after 6 weeks of healing.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 104 implants were inserted into posterior sites of 51 partially edentulous patients exhibiting bone densities of class I-III. After a healing period of 6 weeks, all implants were functionally loaded with cemented crowns or fixed partial dentures. The patients were recalled at 3, 12, 24, 36, 48 and 60 months for clinical and radiographic examination.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One implant failed to integrate during healing, and three implants were lost to follow-up and were considered drop-outs. The remaining 100 implants showed favorable clinical and radiographic findings at the 5-year examination. The peri-implant soft tissues were stable over time; the mean probing depths and mean attachment levels did not change during the follow-up period. None of the radiographs exhibited signs of continuous peri-implant radiolucency, which confirmed ankylotic stability for all 100 implants. The measurement of the bone crest levels (DIB values) indicated stability as well. Based on strict success criteria, all 100 implants were considered successfully integrated, resulting in a 5-year success rate of 99%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This prospective study using an early loading protocol with 6 weeks of healing demonstrated that titanium implants with the SLA surface can achieve and maintain successful tissue integration with high predictability for at least 5 years of follow-up in selected patients and sites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Surgery and Stomatology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Michael M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Bornstein
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.forename: Urs C
authors.initials: UC
authors.lastname: Belser
authors.forename: Adrian
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lussi
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Buser
mesh_terms: D003442:Crowns; D045662:Dental Etching; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D017268:Dental Prosthesis Retention; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D003830:Denture, Partial, Fixed; D006801:Humans; D007576:Jaw, Edentulous, Partially / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants; D014025:Titanium