White adipose tissue and cardiovascular disease.
Adipocytes have recently been shown to secrete a variety of bioactive substances called 'adipocytokines', and have been recognized as endocrine cells. Tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alphaalpha, plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) and heparin-binding epidermal-growth-factor-like growth factor (HBEGF) are among these adipocytokines, and they contribute to the development of vascular diseases. Visfatin is a visceral fat-specific protein that may be related to the development of obesity-related diseases such as diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular disease. In contrast, adiponectin, an adipose-tissue-specific collagen-like protein, has recently been reported as an important anti-atherogenic and anti-diabetic protein. Adipocytokine secretion may be regulated dynamically by the nutritional state. Visceral fat accumulation leads to dysfunction of adipocytes (including hypersecretion of TNF-alphaalpha, PAI-1 and HBEGF, and hyposecretion of adiponectin), which results in the development of a variety of metabolic and circulatory diseases. In this review, the importance of adipocytokines, including adiponectin, is discussed with respect to cardiovascular disease.
Matsuzawa
Yuji
Y
Sumitomo Hospital and Osaka University, 5-3-20 Nakanoshima, Osaka, Japan. matsuzawa-yuji@sumitomo-hp.or.jp
D017667:Adipocytes / Q000502:physiology; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000502:physiology; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000502:physiology; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000502:physiology; D066257:Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D050152:Intra-Abdominal Fat / Q000502:physiology; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000503:physiopathology; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000502:physiology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology
D052242:Adiponectin; D016207:Cytokines; C587883:HBEGF protein, human; D066257:Heparin-binding EGF-like Growth Factor; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D054409:Nicotinamide Phosphoribosyltransferase; C085455:nicotinamide phosphoribosyltransferase, human