title: Hypoxia silences the neural activities in the early phase of the phrenic neurogram of eupnea in the piglet.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated phrenic neurogram patterns during eupnea (normal breathing) and severe hypoxia (gasping) during early maturation in the piglet.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used continuous wavelet transform and short time Fourier transform methods to examine the similarity of breathing patterns in both time and frequency domains during early maturation. The phrenic neurogram was recorded during eupnea, severe hypoxia, and recovery from severe hypoxia in piglets in three different age groups: 3-6 days, 10-15 days and 29-35 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the first week of postnatal age, respiratory patterns of phrenic activity were marked by frequency components between 30 and 300 Hz during both the early (first half) and late (second half) phases of the neurogram signals during eupnea. The results suggest that there is little difference between the respiratory patterns in both time and frequency domains during eupnea compared to gasping for the first week of postnatal age in piglets. After the first week of postnatal age, the duration of the phrenic neurogram burst significantly increases and the patterns during the early phase of the phrenic neurogram are different from those observed for gasping. However, the patterns that mark the late phase of the phrenic neurograms are still the same as those of gasping.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our most significant finding is that hypoxia silences the neural activity in the early phase of phrenic neurogram regardless of maturation.
authors.affiliation: Neural Engineering & Informatics Laboratory, Harrington Department of Bioengineering, Ira A, Fulton School of Engineering, Arizona State University, Tempe, AZ 85287-9709, USA. Metin.Akay@asu.edu
authors.forename: Metin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akay