title: Variants of the 5'-untranslated region of human NCF2: expression and translational efficiency.
abstract: The NCF2 gene encodes p67(phox), an essential component of the multi-protein NADPH oxidase enzyme in phagocytic leukocytes, as well as in certain non-phagocytic cells. In humans, the NCF2 gene is expressed as multiple NCF2 variants that differ in the 5'-untranslated region (5'-UTR). Previously, we reported the presence of four NCF2 5'-UTR mRNA variants (designated as NCF2 exon 1, intron 1a, intron 1b and intron 1c). As each of the gene variants encodes an identical p67(phox) protein, the functional significance of these message variants was not apparent. In this study, we investigated the relative expression levels and tissue-specificity of NCF2 5'-UTR variant mRNAs and their translation efficiency and stability. NCF2 5'-UTR variant transcripts were differentially expressed in various cell lines and human tissues. In vitro translation assays indicated that the NCF2 5'-UTR variants also differed in their effects on the translation of a luciferase reporter mRNA and NCF2 mRNA. Notably, NCF2 intron 1 5'-UTR variants, which are the predominantly expressed variants found in vivo, strongly inhibited translation when compared to the NCF2 exon 1 5'-UTR variant. In contrast, RNA decay assays demonstrated that there was no significant difference between stability of NCF2 intron 1 transcripts and the exon 1 5'-UTR variant in HL-60, MonoMac 6, and U937 cells. Moreover, expression of the variant transcripts remained unchanged after neutrophil phagocytosis, and was similar in normal neutrophils and neutrophils from a patient with X-linked chronic granulomatous disease. These studies suggest that expression of p67(phox) is regulated through mechanisms that include modulation of transcription and translation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Veterinary Molecular Biology, Montana State University, Bozeman, MT 59717, USA.
authors.forename: Katherine A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Gauss
authors.forename: Peggy L
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Bunger
authors.forename: Matthew A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.forename: Breanne E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: McDermott
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Swearingen
authors.forename: Laura K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Nelson-Overton
authors.forename: Daniel W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Siemsen
authors.forename: Scott D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Frank R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Deleo
authors.forename: Mark T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Quinn
mesh_terms: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions / Q000235:genetics; D017398:Alternative Splicing / Q000502:physiology*; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D006105:Granulomatous Disease, Chronic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007438:Introns / Q000235:genetics; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D009928:Organ Specificity / Q000502:physiology; D010587:Phagocytosis; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis / Q000502:physiology*; D020871:RNA Stability / Q000502:physiology; D020298:U937 Cells
chemical_list: D020121:5' Untranslated Regions; D010750:Phosphoproteins; C079789:neutrophil cytosol factor 67K