title: Complete MALDI-ToF MS analysis of cross-linked peptide-RNA oligonucleotides derived from nonlabeled UV-irradiated ribonucleoprotein particles.
abstract: Protein-RNA cross-linking combined with mass spectrometry is a powerful tool to elucidate hitherto non-characterized protein-RNA contacts in ribonucleoprotein particles, as, for example, within spliceosomes. Here, we describe an improved methodology for the sequence analysis of purified peptide-RNA oligonucleotide cross-links that is based solely on MALDI-ToF mass spectrometry. The utility of this methodology is demonstrated on cross-links isolated from UV-irradiated spliceosomal particles; these were (1) [15.5K-61 K-U4 atac] small nuclear ribonucleoprotein (snRNP) particles prepared by reconstitution in vitro, and (2) U1 snRNP particles purified from HeLa cells. We show that the use of 2',4',6'-trihydroxyacetophenone (THAP) as MALDI matrix allows analysis of cross-linked peptide-RNA oligonucleotides in the reflectron mode at high resolution, enabling sufficient accuracy to assign unambiguously cross-linked RNA sequences. Most important, post-source decay (PSD) analysis under these conditions was successfully applied to obtain sequence information about the cross-linked peptide and RNA moieties within a single spectrum, including the identification of the actual cross-linking site. Thus, in U4 atac snRNA we identified His 270 in the spliceosomal U4/U6 snRNP-specific protein 61 K (hPrp31p) cross-linked to U 44; in the U1 snRNP we show that Leu175 of the U1 snRNP-specific 70K protein is cross-linked to U 30 of U1 snRNA. This type of analysis is applicable to any type of RNP complex and may be expected to pave the way for the further analysis of protein-RNA complexes in much lower abundance and/or of cross-links that are obtained in low yield.
authors.affiliation: Bioanalytical Mass Spectrometry Group, Max Planck institute for Biophysical Chemistry, 37077 Göttingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kühn-Hölsken
authors.forename: Christof
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lenz
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sander
authors.forename: Reinhard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lührmann
authors.forename: Henning
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Urlaub
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018360:Crystallography, X-Ray; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D008956:Models, Chemical; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009841:Oligonucleotides / Q000032:analysis*; D010455:Peptides; D012313:RNA / Q000737:chemistry*; D017412:Ribonucleoprotein, U1 Small Nuclear / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D017414:Ribonucleoprotein, U4-U6 Small Nuclear / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D009841:Oligonucleotides; D010455:Peptides; D017412:Ribonucleoprotein, U1 Small Nuclear; D017414:Ribonucleoprotein, U4-U6 Small Nuclear; D012313:RNA