title: Extrapleural hematoma: when is surgery indicated?
abstract: Extrapleural haematoma (EH) is a rare clinical condition of which four cases are presented. Different etiologies were encountered. Identical findings were found on the chest X-ray. Two cases were secondary to spontaneous rib fracture and the other two were iatrogenic. Surgical exploration was necessary in one patient following pleural biopsy. Medical treatment and clinical observation were the treatment of choice in the remaining three stable patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Baskent University, Ankara, Turkey. ahmetserhanpoyraz@hotmail.com
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Poyraz
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kilic
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gultekin
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ozulku
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hatipoglu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D005598:Fractures, Spontaneous / Q000150:complications; D006406:Hematoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D012253:Rib Fractures / Q000150:complications; D013898:Thoracic Injuries / Q000150:complications; D013908:Thoracotomy; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014949:Wounds, Nonpenetrating / Q000150:complications