title: A clinical study: Melaleuca, Manuka, Calendula and green tea mouth rinse.
abstract: A novel mouthrinse (IND 61,164) containing essential oils and extracts from four plant species (Melaleuca alternifolia, Leptospermum scoparium, Calendula officinalis and Camellia sinensis) were tested. This study aimed to evaluate the safety, palatability and preliminary efficacy of the rinse. Fifteen subjects completed the Phase I safety study. Seventeen subjects completed the Phase II randomized placebo-controlled study. Plaque was collected, gingival and plaque indices were recorded (baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks). The relative abundance of two periodontal pathogens (Actinobacillus actinomycetemcomitans, Tanerella forsythensis) was determined utilizing digoxigenin-labeled DNA probes. ANCOVA was used at the p = 0.05 level of significance. Two subjects reported a minor adverse event. One subject withdrew from the study. Several subjects objected to the taste of the test rinse but continued treatment. Differences between gingival index, plaque index or relative abundance of either bacterial species did not reach statistical significance when comparing nine placebo subjects with eight test rinse subjects. Subjects exposed to the test rinse experienced no abnormal oral lesions, altered vital signs, changes in liver, kidney, or bone marrow function. Larger scale studies would be necessary to determine the efficacy and oral health benefits of the test rinse.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, 97239, USA. lautenj@ohsu.edu
authors.forename: Jeffrey D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Lauten
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Boyd
authors.forename: M Blair
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Hanson
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lillie
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gullion
authors.forename: Theresa E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Madden
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016976:Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans / Q000187:drug effects*; D001438:Bacteroidaceae / Q000187:drug effects*; D020838:Calendula; D028241:Camellia sinensis; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000188:drug therapy; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D031649:Leptospermum; D008297:Male; D031650:Melaleuca; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology*; D009067:Mouthwashes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010352:Patient Dropouts; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010865:Pilot Projects; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D009067:Mouthwashes; D028321:Plant Preparations