title: Application of USP inlet extensions to the TSI impactor system 3306/3320 using HFA 227 based solution metered dose inhalers.
abstract: The objective of this study was to further evaluate the need for a vertical inlet extension when testing solution metered dose inhalers using the TSI Model 3306 Impactor Inlet in conjunction with the TSI Model 3320 Aerodynamic Particle Sizer (APS). The configurations tested using the TSI system were compared to baseline measurements that were performed using the Andersen Mark II 8-stage cascade impactor (ACI). Seven pressurized solution metered dose inhalers were tested using varied concentrations of beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP), ethanol, and HFA 227 propellant. The inhalers were tested with the cascade impactor, and with the TSI system. The TSI system had three different configurations as the manufacturer provided (0 cm) or with inlet extensions of 20 and 40 cm. The extensions were located between the USP inlet and the Model 3306 Impactor Inlet. There were no practical differences between each system for the stem, actuator, or USP inlet. The fine particle mass (aerodynamic mass < 4.7 microm) was affected by extension length and correlated well with the ACI when an extension was present. APS particle size measurements were unaffected by the extension lengths and correlated well to particle size determined from the ACI analysis. It has been confirmed that an inlet extension may be necessary for the TSI system in order to give mass results that correlate to the ACI, especially for formulations having significant concentrations of low volatility excipients. Additionally, the results generated from this study were used to evaluate the product performance of HFA 227 based solution formulations that contain varying concentrations of ethanol as a cosolvent.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, 1703 E. Mabel St., Rm. 437, Tucson, AZ, USA. mogalian@pharmacy.arizona.edu
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mogalian
authors.forename: Paul Brian
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Myrdal
mesh_terms: D000335:Aerosol Propellants; D000465:Algorithms; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D001507:Beclomethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000295:instrumentation*; D000431:Ethanol / Q000032:analysis; D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated; D036501:Metered Dose Inhalers; D010316:Particle Size; D019999:Pharmaceutical Solutions; D010602:Pharmacopoeias as Topic; D012996:Solutions; D012997:Solvents / Q000032:analysis; D014481:United States; D005466:Fluorocarbons
chemical_list: D000335:Aerosol Propellants; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents; D001507:Beclomethasone; D000431:Ethanol; D006845:Hydrocarbons, Fluorinated; D019999:Pharmaceutical Solutions; D012996:Solutions; D012997:Solvents; C094049:apaflurane; D005466:Fluorocarbons