title: Extended resection of T4 lung cancer with invasion of the aorta: is it justified?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We report our 10-year experience of performing surgical resection of T4 lung cancer invading the thoracic aorta.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 1994 to 2004, sixteen patients with T4 primary lung cancer with local invasion of the thoracic aorta underwent tumor resection. Surgical resection included 8 pneumonectomies and 8 lobectomies. The histologic type was squamous cell carcinoma in 7 patients, adenocarcinoma in 7, large cell carcinoma in 1, and small cell carcinoma in 1. Complete resection of the tumor with mediastinal lymph node dissection was achieved in 8 patients (50 %), while the resection was incomplete in the other 8 cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall cumulative survival of the 16 patients at 3 and 5 years was 34.7 % and 17.4 %, respectively. The survival of the patients in the complete resection group was found to be 36.5 % at 5 years, with 2 patients surviving more than 5 years without a recurrence, which was significantly better than that of the incomplete resection group ( p = 0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Extended aortic resection with primary lung cancer is complex and possibly high risk, but can achieve long-term survival in selected patients. Surgical resection should be considered as a treatment option for T4 lung cancer for this T4 subcategory.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery II, Fukuoka University School of Medicine, Fukuoka-city, Fukuoka, Japan. tshiraishi-ths@umin.ac.jp
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shiraishi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shirakusa
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyoshi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hiratsuka
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawahara
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D000368:Aged; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000473:pathology*; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011013:Pneumonectomy