title: Elevated and similar urinary testosterone/epitestosterone ratio in all samples of a competition testing: suspicion of a manipulation.
abstract: The case of seven urine samples collected for anti-doping purposes during a cycling stage race with moderately elevated testosterone and epitestosterone ratio (T/E) is reported. The very low probability of having all seven urine samples with such similar elevated T/E ratio (from 3.2 to 4.7) was very suspicious. Different pattern classification tools were tested to categorize the most similar steroid profiles, but none of the models enabled a clear classification of the different urine samples. Subsequently, genetic profiling of all urine samples was performed and demonstrated that three of the seven samples were collected from the same cyclist. Finally, the International Federation confirmed DNA profiling results. This suggests that urinary steroid data using several methodologies are not appropriate for identification purposes and to an extent not unique to individuals.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire Suisse d'Analyse du Dopage, Institut Universitaire de Médecine Légale, rue du Bugnon 21, 1005 Lausanne, Switzerland. Neil.Robinson@chuv.ch
authors.forename: Neil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Castella
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Saudan
authors.forename: Pierre-Edouard
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Sottas
authors.forename: Carine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schweizer
authors.forename: Noelle
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Dimo-Simonin
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mangin
authors.forename: Martial
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saugy
mesh_terms: D001642:Bicycling; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D004300:Doping in Sports; D004845:Epitestosterone / Q000652:urine*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D013048:Specimen Handling / Q000592:standards; D015813:Substance Abuse Detection; D013739:Testosterone / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D013739:Testosterone; D004845:Epitestosterone