title: Association between achieving treatment goals for lipid-lowering and cardiovascular events in real clinical practice.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is substantial evidence that treatment with lipid-lowering agents can decrease cardiovascular morbidity and total mortality in patients with elevated serum lipid values and/or prior ischaemic heart disease. However, only a minority of these high-risk patients are believed to receive treatment, and among those who do receive pharmaceutical treatment the majority do not reach the therapeutic goal. Our goal was to investigate if this translates to a higher risk of cardiovascular events in real clinical practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective cohort study using linkage of electronic medical records, the Swedish national inpatient registry and cause of death registry was performed, enrolling a total of 4976 patients who received treatment with a lipid-lowering agent at any time between 1 January 1993 and 1 December 2001.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cox proportional hazards regression was used to evaluate the impact of goal attainment along with potential confounding factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients who reached treatment goals were 24% less likely to suffer a cardiovascular event (relative risk: 0.76, 95% confidence interval: 0.60-0.96) than patients who did not reach treatment goals. A substantial proportion of patients treated with lipid-lowering agents do not achieve the treatment goals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Failure to reach treatment goals translates into a higher risk of cardiovascular events, and it is thus of importance to ensure that patients reach goals.
authors.affiliation: Stockholm Health Economics, Stockholm, Sweden. peter.lindgren@healtheconomics.se
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lindgren
authors.forename: Fredrik
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Borgström
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stålhammar
authors.forename: Evo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Alemao
authors.forename: Donald Donping
authors.initials: DD
authors.lastname: Yin
authors.forename: Linus
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jönsson
mesh_terms: D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015994:Incidence; D007297:Inpatients; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D008055:Lipids