title: Induction of heme oxygenase-1 modulates the profibrotic effects of transforming growth factor-beta in human renal tubular epithelial cells.
abstract: Transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) is implicated in a variety of kidney diseases where it promotes extracellular matrix (ECM) deposition and pro-inflammatory events, but it also stabilizes and attenuates tissue injury through the activation of cytoprotective proteins, including heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1). HO-1 catalyzes the conversion of heme into carbon monoxide (CO), iron, and biliverdin, which is subsequently converted to bilirubin. The beneficial effects of HO-1 induction include decreasing pro-oxidants (heme), increasing anti-oxidants (biliverdin and bilirubin), and producing a vasodilator with anti-apoptotic and anti-inflammatory properties (CO). The reaction products of HO-1 may also have antifibrogenic properties. The purpose of this study is to explore the effects of HO-1 expression and its reaction products on fibronectin, an ECM protein, in the kidney. The results demonstrate that kidneys of HO-1 knockout mice express significantly more fibronectin protein as compared to heterozygote mice. A potent inducer of HO-1, hemin, significantly decreases fibronectin protein with a concomitant increase in HO-1 protein. Cells expressing HO-1, via TGF-beta1 induction, have reduced fibronectin expression. Bilirubin, a product of the heme oxygenase reaction, attenuates TGF-beta1-mediated increases in fibronectin expression. These results indicate that HO-1 induction and activity may modulate the production of ECM components and suggest a potential role for TGF-beta-mediated HO-1 induction in attenuating renal fibrosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Nephrology Research and Training Center, University of Alabama, Birmingham, AL 35294-0001, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mark
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hock
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Kapturczak
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agarwal
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hill-Kapturczak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology*; D005353:Fibronectins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005355:Fibrosis; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007684:Kidney Tubules / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D005353:Fibronectins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D001663:Bilirubin