title: Up-regulation of nicotinic acetylcholine receptors by central-type acetylcholinesterase inhibitors in rat cortical neurons.
abstract: We previously reported that donepezil, a central-type acetylcholinesterase inhibitor, showed neuroprotective action via alpha4-and alpha7-nicotinic acetylcholine receptors against glutamate neurotoxicity in rat cortical culture. The present study was performed to investigate whether the neuroprotective action of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors is accompanied by the alteration of expression and function of nicotinic receptors. Four days treatment with acetylcholinesterase inhibitors (10 microM) enhanced the nicotine-induced increase of the intracellular calcium concentration. Immunoblot analysis revealed that donepezil increased both alpha4 and alpha7 subunit proteins. Donepezil and galanthamine increased the number of cells expressing alpha4- and alpha7-nicotinic receptors in immunocytochemical analysis. We examined whether up-regulation of nicotinic receptors affected the neuroprotective action of acetylcholinesterase inhibitors. Under up-regulating conditions, donepezil and galanthamine exerted neuroprotective action at lower concentrations. These results suggest that donepezil and galanthamine up-regulate nicotinic receptors in cortical neurons, and that the up-regulation of nicotinic receptors may make cortical neurons more sensitive to the neuroprotective action of donepezil and galanthamine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto 606-8501, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kume
authors.forename: Mitsuhiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: Yuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takada
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yonezawa
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Katsuki
authors.forename: Hachiro
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sugimoto
authors.forename: Akinori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Akaike
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077265:Donepezil; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005702:Galantamine / Q000494:pharmacology; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D015151:Immunoblotting; D007189:Indans / Q000494:pharmacology; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic / Q000032:analysis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D007189:Indans; D010880:Piperidines; D021122:Protein Subunits; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011978:Receptors, Nicotinic; D005702:Galantamine; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D000077265:Donepezil; D002118:Calcium