title: High-grade transgenic somatic chimeras from chicken embryonic stem cells.
abstract: Male and female embryonic stem (ES) cell lines were derived from the area pellucidae of Stage X (EG&K) chicken embryos. These ES cell lines were grown in culture for extended periods of time and the majority of the cells retained a diploid karyotype. When reintroduced into Stage VI-X (EG&K) recipient embryos, the cES cells were able to contribute to all somatic tissues. By combining irradiation of the recipient embryo with exposure of the cES cells to the embryonic environment in diapause, a high frequency and extent of chimerism was obtained. High-grade chimeras, indistinguishable from the donor phenotype by feather pigmentation, were produced. A transgene encoding GFP was incorporated into the genome of cES cells under control of the ubiquitous promoter CX and GFP was widely expressed in somatic tissues. Although cES cells made extensive contributions to the somatic tissues, contribution to the germline was not observed.
authors.affiliation: Origen Therapeutics, 1450 Rollins Road, Burlingame, CA 94010, USA. mlavoir@origentherapeutics.com
authors.forename: Marie-Cecile
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: van de Lavoir
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mather-Love
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Leighton
authors.forename: Jennifer H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Diamond
authors.forename: Babette S
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Heyer
authors.forename: Rhys
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Peggy
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Winters-Digiacinto
authors.forename: Allyn
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kerchner
authors.forename: Terri
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gessaro
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Swanberg
authors.forename: Mary E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Delany
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Etches
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030801:Animals, Genetically Modified; D030161:Avian Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001483:Base Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002642:Chick Embryo / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D002645:Chickens; D002678:Chimera / Q000235:genetics; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D004171:Diploidy; D012734:Disorders of Sex Development; D005260:Female; D005854:Germ Cells; D008297:Male; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D039904:Pluripotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation
chemical_list: D030161:Avian Proteins; D018076:DNA, Complementary; C410845:ERNI protein, chicken; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger