title: Infiltration with ropivacaine plus lornoxicam reduces postoperative pain and opioid consumption.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare efficacy and patient outcome of wound infiltration with ropivacaine, lornoxicam, or their combination for control of pain following thyroid surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty patients underwent thyroid surgery were randomly assigned to one of four groups. Before skin closure, local tissues were infiltrated with 12 mL saline in Group S, with 10 mL of ropivacaine 0.75% plus 2 mL saline in Group R, with 2 mL of lornoxicam (8 mg) plus 10 mL saline in Group L, and with 10 mL ropivacaine 0.75% plus 2 mL lornoxicam (8 mg) in Group RL. Pain scores, total and incremental meperidine con-eight, 12, 18, and 24 hr postoperatively. Time to first analgesic requirement, patient satisfaction, and duration of hospital stay were also compared after surgery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The pain scores in Group RL were significantly lower in the first 12 hr than in Group S, and in the first four hours than in Groups R and L (P < 0.01). The time to first analgesic requirement was significantly longer (14.8 +/- 8.4 hr vs 5.9 +/- 5.2 hr; P < 0.01), the total pethidine consumption was significantly less than Group S (34.0 +/- 33.0 mg vs 78.0 +/- 29.8 mg; P<0.001), return of gastrointestinal function, ambulation time, length of hospital stay (P < 0.05) were significantly shorter, and patient satisfaction (P < 0.01) was significantly better in Group RL than in Group S (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Wound infiltration with ropivacaine 0.75% plus lornoxicam 8 mg combination improved postoperative pain control and patient comfort, and decreased the need for opioids than the use of either drug alone.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology, Trakya Universiy, Medical Faculty, Edirne, Turkey. beykar@mynet.com
authors.forename: Beyhan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Karamanlioglu
authors.forename: Alparslan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Turan
authors.forename: Dilek
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Memis
authors.forename: Gaye
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kaya
authors.forename: Sanem
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ozata
authors.forename: Mevlut
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ture
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000577:Amides / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010147:Pain Measurement; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010894:Piroxicam / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077212:Ropivacaine; D013965:Thyroidectomy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000577:Amides; D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D010894:Piroxicam; D000077212:Ropivacaine; C059451:lornoxicam