title: A 12-station anatomic hip joint simulator.
abstract: A novel 12-station hip joint simulator with an anatomic position of the prosthesis was designed and built. The motion of the simulator consists of flexion-extension and abduction-adduction. The load is of the double-peak type. The validation test was done with three similar 28 mm CoCr-polyethylene joints in diluted calf serum lubricant for 3.3 x 10(6) cycles. The bearing surfaces of the polyethylene cups were burnished, the CoCr heads were undamaged, the wear particles were in the 0.1-1 microm size range, and the mean wear factor of the polyethylene cups was 5.7 x 10(-7) mm(3)/N m. These essential observations were in good agreement with clinical findings. In addition, three similar 50 mm CoCr/CoCr joints, representing the contemporary large-diameter metal-on-metal articulation were tested. The wear of the CoCr/CoCr joints was calculated from the Co and Cr concentrations of the used lubricant quantified with atomic absorption spectroscopy. The bearing surfaces of the CoCr/CoCr joints showed mild criss-cross scratching only. The average wear factor of polyethylene cups was 275 times that of the CoCr/CoCr joints. The tribological behaviour of the large-dia. CoCr/CoCr appeared to be dominated by fluid film lubrication, as indicated by very low frictional heating and wear, making it tribologically superior to the conventional CoCr/polyethylene, and therefore very interesting clinically. In conclusion, the simulator proved to be a valid, reliable, practical, economical, and easy-to-operate tool for wear studies of various hip replacement designs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, Laboratory of Machine Design, Helsinki University of Technology, Finland. vesa.saikko@hut.fi
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Saikko
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D006621:Hip Joint / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006622:Hip Prosthesis; D006801:Humans; D010812:Physical Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular