title: Migration inhibitory factor up-regulates vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 via Src, PI3 kinase, and NFkappaB.
abstract: Cell adhesion molecules are critical in monocyte (MN) recruitment in immune-mediated and hematologic diseases. We investigated the novel role of recombinant human migration inhibitory factor (rhMIF) in up-regulating vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1) and intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and their signaling pathways in human MNs. rhMIF-induced expression of VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 was significantly higher compared with nonstimulated MNs. rhMIF induced MN VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression in a concentration-dependent manner (P < .05). Antisense oligodeoxynucleotides (ODNs) and inhibitors of Src, PI3K, p38, and NFkappaB significantly reduced rhMIF-induced MN VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 expression (P < .05). However, Erk1/2 and Jak2 were not involved. Silencing RNA directed against MIF, and inhibitors of Src, PI3K, NFkappaB, anti-VCAM-1, and anti-ICAM-1 significantly inhibited rhMIF-induced adhesion of HL-60 cells to human dermal microvascular endothelial cells (HMVECs) or an endothelial cell line, HMEC-1, in cell adhesion assays, suggesting the functional significance of MIF-induced adhesion molecules (P < .05). rhMIF also activated MN phospho-Src, -Akt, and -NFkappaB in a time-dependent manner. rhMIF induced VCAM-1 and ICAM-1 up-regulation in 12 hours via Src, PI3K, and NFkappaB as shown by Western blotting and immunofluorescence. MIF and MIF-dependent signaling pathways may be a potential target for treating diseases characterized by up-regulation of cell adhesion molecules.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Michigan Medical School, Ann Arbor, MI, USA.
authors.forename: M Asif
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Amin
authors.forename: Christian S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Haas
authors.forename: Kui
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Pamela J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Mansfield
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Nicholas P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Lackowski
authors.forename: Alisa E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Koch
mesh_terms: D002448:Cell Adhesion; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000502:physiology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; C033184:macrophage migration inhibitory factor receptor; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D019061:src-Family Kinases