title: Arterial macrophages and regenerating endothelial cells express P-selectin in atherosclerosis-prone apolipoprotein E-deficient mice.
abstract: P-selectin expression has been reported in platelets, endothelial cells, and vascular smooth muscle cells in response to vascular injury. Here, we report P-selectin expression on macrophages in the arterial wall after carotid denudation injury and spontaneous atherosclerosis in atherosclerosis-prone apoE-deficient (apoE(-/-)) mice. Double-immunofluorescence staining revealed robust P-selectin expression in macrophage-rich regions of both denudation-induced carotid neointimal lesions and innominate atherosclerotic plaques. Co-localization of P-selectin with macrophages was verified at the single cell level using double immunostaining plus 4,6-diamidino-2-phenylindole (for nuclei) counterstaining. No platelet staining was seen in association with the macrophage staining, excluding platelet contamination. Furthermore, P-selectin mRNA expression was readily detectable in macrophage-rich plaques of atherosclerotic innominate arteries and blood monocyte-derived macrophages from apoE(-/-) mice. Strong P-selectin expression was also seen in the areas of regenerated endothelium after arterial injury. In addition, co-localization of P-selectin with vascular smooth muscle cells was readily observed in denudation-injured carotid arteries at 7 and 14 days. We conclude that macrophages in carotid injury-induced neointimal lesions and spontaneous atherosclerotic plaques of the innominate artery acquire the ability to express P-selectin, as does regenerating endothelium. These findings provide a potential new paradigm in macrophage-mediated vascular inflammation, atherosclerosis, and neointimal hyperplasia after arterial injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Virginia Health System, Charlottesville, 22908, USA.
authors.forename: Guohong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Sanders
authors.forename: Elizabeth T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Phan
authors.forename: Klaus
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ley
authors.forename: Ian J
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Sarembock
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000172:deficiency*; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000473:pathology; D017931:DNA Primers; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000502:physiology*; D007249:Inflammation; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000502:physiology*; D019007:P-Selectin / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012038:Regeneration; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D017931:DNA Primers; D019007:P-Selectin