title: Chronologically different impacts of immunologic and non-immunologic risk factors on renal allograft function.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Upon analysis of the risk factors affecting renal graft survival and function, the time-dependent effects of each risk factor should be differentiated from their net effects. To evaluate the chronologically different impacts of risk factors on graft renal function, we reviewed 390 recipients who received a kidney from 1-haplotype-matched living-related donors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Until 5-yr post-transplantation (TX), yearly serum creatinine (Scr), 24-h urinary excretion of protein, and their yearly changes were compared by the episodes of acute rejection within 1 yr, the kidney weight to recipient body weight (KW/BW) ratio, the donor/recipient (D/R) age ratio, and the D/R gender pairing. The Kaplan-Meier method, Cox proportional hazard model, ANOVA, and repeated measures ANOVA were each applied for different purposes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Only the episodes of acute rejection were a significant risk factor affecting graft survival. The episodes of acute rejection, KW/BW ratio, D/R age ratio, and D/R gender pairing consistently and independently had significant influences on Scr. Recipients having the lowest KW/BW ratio (first quartile) or the highest D/R age ratio (fourth quartile) had rapid increments of Scr after 4-yr post-TX. After 3-yr post-TX, there were significant correlations between the number of non-immunologic risk factors present and the yearly changes in Scr.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Non-immunologic factors had a detrimental effect on renal graft function, especially after 3-yr post-TX. If immunologic risks seem to be similar, size matching, age, and gender pairing should be considered for better long-term graft function in renal TX recipients.
authors.affiliation: The Research Institute for Transplantation, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
authors.forename: Myoung Soo
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Dong Kee
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Sung Min
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Myoung
authors.forename: Soon Il
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Chang-Kwon
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Yu Seun
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jong Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Shin-Wook
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Kiil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000453:epidemiology; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D009929:Organ Size; D016016:Proportional Hazards Models; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003404:Creatinine