title: Elevated IGFBP-1 cause high bone turnover in growth-restricted monochorionic twins with discordant birth weight.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the hypothesis that low birth weight twins have a higher risk of osteoportotic fracture in later life, we investigated the association between fetal IGF axis and type-1 collagen markers of bone turnover in monochorionic (MC) twins with or without discordant birth weight of >or=20%.
  
  
  METHODS
  Maternal and cord bloods were collected from gestational age matched MC twins of discordant (n = 16) and concordant birth weights (n = 16). The samples were assayed for cross linked carboxyl terminal telopeptide (ICTP, a marker of bone resorption) and pro-peptide (PICP, a marker of bone formation) of type I collagen, IGF-1, and IGFBP-1 by radio-immunoassay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The growth-restricted twins (IUGR) of discordant group had higher fetal IGFBP-1 and ICTP (P < 0.001) levels, while PICP (P < 0.001) was lower than the co-twins with normal weight (AGA). In contrast, cord blood levels of IGF-1, IGFBP-1, ICTP, and PICP in concordant twin pairs were comparable to AGA twins. The concordant and AGA twins had a positive correlation between ICTP and PICP levels (y = 23x - 711; r = 0.84; P < 0.001; n = 48) but no such association was found in IUGR twins. Instead, IGFBP-1 levels in IUGR twins had a negative association with PICP (r = 0.81; P < 0.001; n = 16) and a positive correlation with ICTP (r- = 0.51; P < 0.05; n = 16). No such association was found in concordant and AGA twins.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that growth-restricted twins had high bone turnover, due to elevated IGFBP-1. This association seems to be independent of maternal and genetic factors.
authors.affiliation: Academic Unit of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, St Mary's Hospital, Manchester, UK. rbajoria@doctors.net.uk
authors.forename: Rekha
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bajoria
authors.forename: Suren R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Sooranna
authors.forename: Stuart
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ward
authors.forename: Ratna
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chatterjee
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001724:Birth Weight; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D005312:Fetal Blood / Q000737:chemistry*; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007230:Infant, Low Birth Weight / Q000097:blood*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1 / Q000097:blood*; D011247:Pregnancy; D014427:Twins / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D018970:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Protein 1