Endometrial carcinoma metastatic to the vulva: a case report and review of the literature.
In this paper, we report a new case of metastatic endometrial carcinoma to the vulva and describe the clinical and pathological features. We reviewed the literature to determine the frequency and to evaluate the prognostic significance of this rare disease. Moreover, we discuss the criteria for the differential diagnosis of endometrial carcinoma metastatic to the vulva, the primary vulvar adenocarcinomas, and other metastatic adenocarcinomas. The patient, previously diagnosed to have endometrial adenocarcinoma with squamous differentiation at III C stage (according to the FIGO system) and T2N1M0 stage (according to the TNM system), presented with a small plaque on the vulvar mucosa 8 months after endometrial primary carcinoma had been diagnosed. The histological evaluation of excisional vulvar biopsy revealed a neoplasm with pathological features of endometrial carcinoma. Thus, the final diagnosis was metastatic endometrial carcinoma to the vulva. A total body computed tomography scan (CT) and an echotomography with contrast medium revealed a second metastatic lesion at the 8th segment of the liver. No other metastatic lesions developed, nor was a reduction in the size of liver metastasis observed after 3 months of hormonic treatment with progesterone. Fourteen months after the diagnosis of primary endometrial carcinoma, the patient died of disseminated metastatic lesions. In conclusion, metastatic endometrial carcinoma to the vulva, although rare, might develop and could appear within a few months after the diagnosis of primary tumor. Moreover, in the presence of metastatic endometrial carcinoma to the vulva, it is necessary to verify if other visceral metastases are present.
Giordano
Giovanna
G
Department of Pathology and Medicine of Laboratory, Section of Pathology, Parma University, Parma, Italy. giovanna.giordano@unipr.it
Gnetti
Letizia
L
Melpignano
Mauro
M
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary*; D000368:Aged; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D014846:Vulvar Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary*