Asian sand dust enhances ovalbumin-induced eosinophil recruitment in the alveoli and airway of mice.
Asian sand dust (ASD) containing sulfate (SO4(2-)) reportedly causes adverse respiratory health effects but there is no experimental study showing the effect of ASD toward allergic respiratory diseases. The effects of ASD and ASD plus SO4(2-) toward allergic lung inflammation induced by ovalbumin (OVA) were investigated in this study. ICR mice were administered intratracheally with saline; ASD alone (sample from Shapotou desert); and ASD plus SO4(2-) (ASD-SO4); OVA+ASD; OVA+ASD-SO4. ASD or ASD-SO4 alone caused mild nutrophilic inflammation in the bronchi and alveoli. ASD and ASD-SO4 increased pro-inflammatory mediators, such as Keratinocyte chemoattractant (KC) and macrophage inflammatory protein (MIP)-1 alpha, in bronchoalveolar lavage fluids (BALF). ASD and ASD-SO4 enhanced eosinophil recruitment induced by OVA in the alveoli and in the submucosa of the airway, which has a goblet cell proliferation in the bronchial epithelium. However, a further increase of eosinophils by addition of SO4(2-) was not observed. The two sand dusts synergistically increased interleukin-5 (IL-5) and monocyte chemotactic protein-1 (MCP-1), which were associated with OVA, in BALF. However, the increased levels of IL-5 were lower in the OVA+ASD-SO4 group than in the OVA+ASD group. ASD caused the adjuvant effects to specific-IgG1 production by OVA, but not to specific-IgE. These results suggest that the enhancement of eosinophil recruitment in the lung is mediated by synergistically increased IL-5 and MCP-1. IgG1 antibodies may play an important role in the enhancement of allergic reaction caused by OVA and sand dust. However, extra sulfate may not contribute to an increase of eosinophils.
Hiyoshi
Kyoko
K
Major of Human Care Sciences, Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, Japan.
Ichinose
Takamichi
T
Sadakane
Kaori
K
Takano
Hirohisa
H
Nishikawa
Masataka
M
Mori
Ikuko
I
Yanagisawa
Rie
R
Yoshida
Seiichi
S
Kumagai
Yoshito
Y
Tomura
Shigeo
S
Shibamoto
Takayuki
T
D000818:Animals; D001208:Asia; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D004391:Dust / Q000276:immunology*; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000502:physiology*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000032:analysis; D015848:Interleukin-5 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D011650:Pulmonary Alveoli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D013431:Sulfates / Q000633:toxicity*
C491768:Ccl2 protein, mouse; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D004391:Dust; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D015848:Interleukin-5; D013431:Sulfates; D012822:Silicon Dioxide