title: Substance distribution in a cochlea model using different pump rates for cochlear implant drug delivery electrode prototypes.
abstract: Several studies using animals have shown the protective effects of neurotrophic factors (NF) on spiral ganglion cells (SGC). This is of particular importance since the number of SGCs is considered to be among the factors defining the efficacy of cochlear implants. A device for local inner ear treatment is therefore of great interest. As described previously, we modified a Contour(TM) cochlear implant electrode, to examine the inbuilt canal to be used for fluid release [Paasche, G., Gibson, P., Averbeck, T., Becker, H., Lenarz, T., Stöver, T., 2003. Technical report: modification of a cochlear implant electrode for drug delivery to the inner ear. Otol. Neurotol. 24, 222-227]. In the present study, three different electrode prototypes with openings of the delivery channel at various locations along the electrode array were examined to determine distribution of dye in a cochlea model over time. We compared dye delivery with: (a) release of the dye at the tip, (b) release of the dye at the tip and the side of the electrode, and (c) release of the dye only at the side of the electrode (6 mm from the tip). A mechanical pump was used to drive the system at pump rates of 100, 10, and 1 microl/h. Dye concentration changes along the length of the whole cochlea were investigated. Mean values for all experimental conditions show that the distribution along the array is fastest with two outlets whereas the distribution via a single outlet at the side of the electrode array is not considered to be sufficient. The established experimental setup provides the possibility of investigating prototypes of a fluid based drug delivery system for the treatment of inner ear pathologies in combination with electrical stimulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Medical University of Hannover, OE 6500, Carl-Neuberg-Strasse 1, 30625 Hannover, Germany. Paasche.Gerrit@MH-Hannover.de
authors.forename: Gerrit
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paasche
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bögel
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leinung
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lenarz
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Stöver
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D006801:Humans; D007260:Infusion Pumps; D007759:Labyrinth Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008751:Methylene Blue / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012533:Scala Tympani / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D008751:Methylene Blue