title: Akt kinase phosphorylation of inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate receptors.
abstract: A consensus RXRXX(S/T) substrate motif for Akt kinase is conserved in the C-terminal tail of all three inositol 1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) receptor (IP3R) isoforms. We have shown that IP3R can be phosphorylated by Akt kinase in vitro and in vivo. Endogenous IP3Rs in Chinese hamster ovary T-cells were phosphorylated in response to Akt activation by insulin. LnCAP cells, a prostate cancer cell line with constitutively active Akt kinase, also showed a constitutive phosphorylation of endogenous type I IP3Rs. In all cases, the IP3R phosphorylation was diminished by the addition of LY294002, an inhibitor of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase. Mutation of IP3R serine 2681 in the Akt substrate motif to alanine (S2681A) or glutamate (S2681E) prevented IP3R phosphorylation in COS cells transfected with constitutively active Akt kinase. Analysis of the Ca2+ flux properties of these IP3R mutants expressed in COS cell microsomes or in DT40 triple knock-out (TKO) cells did not reveal any modification of channel function. However, staurosporine-induced caspase-3 activation in DT40 TKO cells stably expressing the S2681A mutant was markedly enhanced when compared with wild-type or S2681E IP3Rs. We conclude that IP3 receptors are in vivo substrates for Akt kinase and that phosphorylation of the IP3R may provide one mechanism to restrain the apoptotic effects of calcium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Thomas Jefferson University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19107, USA.
authors.forename: M Tariq
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Larry
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: David I
authors.initials: DI
authors.lastname: Yule
authors.forename: Cunnigaiper
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bhanumathy
authors.forename: Suresh K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Joseph
mesh_terms: D000409:Alanine / Q000737:chemistry; D020816:Amino Acid Motifs; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D016466:CHO Cells; D019556:COS Cells; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000378:metabolism*; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases / Q000378:metabolism; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D002867:Chromones / Q000494:pharmacology; D006224:Cricetinae; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000378:metabolism; D003902:Detergents / Q000494:pharmacology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D053496:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors; D008833:Microcirculation / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009025:Morpholines / Q000494:pharmacology; D017830:Octoxynol / Q000494:pharmacology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism*; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism*; D053498:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D012694:Serine / Q000737:chemistry; D019311:Staurosporine / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D000409:Alanine; D002118:Calcium; D015220:Calcium Channels; D000252:Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases; D002867:Chromones; D018076:DNA, Complementary; D003902:Detergents; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D053496:Inositol 1,4,5-Trisphosphate Receptors; D009025:Morpholines; D017830:Octoxynol; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D053498:Sarcoplasmic Reticulum Calcium-Transporting ATPases; D012694:Serine; D019311:Staurosporine; C506926:ITPR1 protein, human; C085911:2-(4-morpholinyl)-8-phenyl-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; C505407:CASP3 protein, human