title: Frozen section diagnosis and indications in ophthalmic pathology.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Frozen sections for ophthalmic tissues require very precise indications.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe indications and procedures for frozen sections in ophthalmic pathology based on review of my experience and reports in the literature.
  
  
  METHODS
  Frozen sections received by the ophthalmic pathology service at The Methodist Hospital from 1996 to 2004 were reviewed. A review of the literature also was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of the 277 specimens received, most were eyelid lesions (138, 49.8%), followed by orbital (106, 38.3%), temporal artery (17, 6.1%), optic nerve (9, 3.2%), and conjunctival (7, 2.5%) lesions. A review of appropriate indications for intraoperative diagnosis is presented and a description of tissue handling and procedures to obtain better results in ophthalmic pathologic lesion cases is discussed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The most frequent indications for frozen sections in ophthalmic abnormalities are for margin control in eyelid and orbital lesions. At my institution, the second most frequent indications for ophthalmic frozen sections are the evaluation of adequacy of tissue sampling and triaging for flow cytometry and molecular techniques, especially in childhood malignancies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The Methodist Hospital, The University of Texas M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, Texas, USA. pchevez-barrios@tmh.tmc.edu
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Chévez-Barrios
mesh_terms: D003228:Conjunctiva / Q000473:pathology; D005123:Eye / Q000473:pathology*; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D005143:Eyelids / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D005629:Frozen Sections; D006801:Humans; D007432:Intraoperative Period; D009900:Optic Nerve / Q000473:pathology; D009915:Orbit / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D010340:Pathology, Surgical / Q000379:methods*; D013699:Temporal Arteries / Q000473:pathology