title: The effect of a novel silane blend system on resin bond strength to silica-coated Ti substrate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The adhesive performance of 3-acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and a silane blend consisting of 3-acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane and 1,2-bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane, adhering an experimental dendrimer-based resin to a silica-coated titanium surface, conditioned by CoJet method, was evaluated in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  3-Acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (1.0 vol%) and a blend of 3-acryloyloxy-propyltrimethoxysilane and 1,2-bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane (both 1.0 vol%) were prepared in acidified 95 vol% ethanol. A commercial 3-methcryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane (ESPE Si) was used as control. The silanes were applied onto tribochemically silica-coated titanium surfaces. Fresh silane solution hydrolysis (activation) was monitored by Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometry. Experimental dendrimer resin stubs were applied and photo-polymerized on titanium. The specimens were thermocycled (6000 cycles, 5-55 degrees C). Before measuring shear bond strength of the resin to titanium, surface imaging was carried out with a scanning electron microscope (SEM) with elemental analysis applying energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDXA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistical analysis (ANOVA) showed that the highest shear bond was obtained with 1.0 vol% 3-acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane+1.0 vol% 1,2-bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane blend (5.2+/-1.3 MPa), and the lowest result with fresh commercial 3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane, ESPE Sil (2.1+/-0.8 MPa). 3-Acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane yielded 4.1+/-1.0 MPa. The type of silane affected significantly the shear bond strength (ANOVA, p<0.001). All silanes were activated according to the infrared spectra. The SEM/EDXA analysis revealed an uneven distribution of titanium, silicon, and aluminum on silica-coated Ti surfaces.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Silanization with 3-acryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane might offer better bonding of a novel dendrimer resin to silica-coated titanium than using a pre-hydrolyzed 3-methacryloyloxypropyltrimethoxysilane.
authors.affiliation: NIOM - Nordic Institute of Dental Materials, P.O. Box 70, NO-1305 Haslum, Norway. jumatin@utu.fi <jumatin@utu.fi>
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Matinlinna
authors.forename: L V J
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Lassila
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Vallittu
mesh_terms: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000737:chemistry*; D050091:Dendrimers / Q000737:chemistry; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003764:Dental Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D004577:Electron Probe Microanalysis; D006801:Humans; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000737:chemistry; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D033081:Shear Strength; D012821:Silanes / Q000737:chemistry*; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D003188:Composite Resins; D050091:Dendrimers; D003764:Dental Materials; D008689:Methacrylates; D012821:Silanes; C017492:methacryloxypropyltrimethoxysilane; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; D014025:Titanium; C515211:1,2-bis(triethoxysilyl)ethane