title: Sample preparation followed by high performance liquid chromatographic (HPLC) analysis for monitoring muconic acid as a biomarker of occupational exposure to benzene.
abstract: Factors affecting solid phase extraction (SPE) of trans,trans-muconic acid (ttMA), as a benzene biomarker, including sample pH, sample concentration, sample volume, sample flow rate, washing solvent, elution solvent, and type of sorbent were evaluated. Extracted samples were determined by HPLC-UV (high performance liquid chromatography-ultraviolet). The analytical column was C18, UV wave length was 259 nm, and the mobile phase was H(2)O/methanol/acetic acid run at flow rate of 1 ml/min. A strong anion exchange silica cartridge was found successful in simplifying SPE. There was a significant difference between recoveries of ttMA when different factors were used (p < .001). An optimum recovery was obtained when sample pH was adjusted at 7. There was no significant difference when different sample concentrations were used (p > .05). The optimized method was then validated with 3 different pools of samples showing good reproducibility over 6 consecutive days and 6 within-day experiments.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health and Institute of Public Health Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, IR Iran. sjtaheri@sphtums.com
authors.forename: Seyed Jamaleddin
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Shahtaheri
authors.forename: Farhad
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ghamari
authors.forename: Farideh
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Golbabaei
mesh_terms: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D001554:Benzene / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D012494:Sampling Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013011:Sorbic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D015415:Biomarkers; C005939:muconic acid; D001554:Benzene; D013011:Sorbic Acid