title: Differential impact of semaphorin 3E and 3A on CNS axons.
abstract: During the development of the central nervous system (CNS), the correct wiring of outgrowing neurites is mediated by antagonistic mechanisms. Aberrant growth is prevented by repulsive factors such as semaphorins. Expression of the ligands Sema3A and -3E and the receptors neuropilin Npn-1, -2a and -2b in the chick visual system were analyzed by RT-PCR. Whereas Sema3A and its major receptor Npn-1 were abundant, Sema3E and Npn-2 isoform expression was highly restricted and developmentally regulated. Peak expression occurred during retinal axon innervation of the tectum. Functional in vitro assays with recombinant proteins revealed a topography-specific growth cone collapsing activity of Sema3A for tectal axons. Interestingly, whereas tectal axons collapsed in a topographic-specific manner only in the presence of Sema3A, retinal axons responded only to Sema3E. The collapsing activity was intracellularly mediated by cGMP. For a detailed analysis of neuronal responses to sempahorins, time lapse video recording was performed. When tectal and retinal axons were pre-exposed to brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), a protective effect was evident only in the case of retinal axons. Our results suggest a molecular mechanism whereby ingrowth of retinal axons into the tectum can be regulated by Sema3E/BDNF modulation without disturbing tectal axon growth out of the tectum mediated by Sema3A.
authors.affiliation: NMI Naturwissenschaftliches und Medizinisches Institut, an der Universität Tübingen, Markwiesenstr. 55, D-72770 Reutlingen, Germany.
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Steffensky
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Steinbach
authors.forename: Uli
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Schwarz
authors.forename: Burkhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schlosshauer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D030161:Avian Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D001369:Axons / Q000378:metabolism*; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000166:cytology*; D002642:Chick Embryo; D009434:Neural Pathways / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D039942:Neuropilin-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D039943:Neuropilin-2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D009712:Nucleotides, Cyclic / Q000378:metabolism; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012165:Retinal Ganglion Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D040121:Semaphorin-3A / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D039961:Semaphorins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D013477:Superior Colliculi / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D030161:Avian Proteins; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D039943:Neuropilin-2; D009712:Nucleotides, Cyclic; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C108640:Semaphorin 3E, chicken; D040121:Semaphorin-3A; D039961:Semaphorins; D039942:Neuropilin-1