title: Serum amyloid A isoforms in serum and synovial fluid in horses with lipopolysaccharide-induced arthritis.
abstract: The aim of the study was to determine the intraarticular serum amyloid A (SAA) response pattern in horses with inflammatory arthritis. Inflammatory arthritis was induced by injection of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) into the radiocarpal joint of four horses. Serum and synovial fluid (SF) samples were collected before and at 4, 8, 12, 24, 48, 72, 96, and 144 h after injection. Concentrations of SAA were measured by immunoturbidometry, and expression of SAA isoforms was visualized by denaturing isoelectric focusing and Western blotting. The LPS injection caused systemic and local clinical signs of inflammation. Serum amyloid A appeared in serum and SF within 8h after LPS injection. Isoelectric focusing showed three major SAA bands with apparent isoelectric points (pI) of 7.9, 8.6, and >9.3 in serum and SF. Synovial fluid contained two additional isoforms with highly alkaline apparent pI values (apparent pI value extrapolated from standard curve=10.0 and 10.2), which were not present in any of the serum samples. In conclusion, intraarticular injection of LPS induced systemic and local inflammatory responses in the horses. By demonstrating SF-specific SAA isoforms the results of the present study suggest that SAA is synthesized locally in the equine inflamed joint, similar to what has been demonstrated in humans previously. The marked local SAA synthesis suggests an important pathophysiological role in inflammatory arthritis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Large Animal Sciences, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Dyrlaegevej 48, DK-1870 Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark. stj@kvl.dk
authors.forename: Stine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jacobsen
authors.forename: Theo A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Niewold
authors.forename: Maj
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Halling-Thomsen
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nanni
authors.forename: Emil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Olsen
authors.forename: Casper
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lindegaard
authors.forename: Pia Haubro
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Andersen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001168:Arthritis / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism / Q000662:veterinary*; D005260:Female; D005552:Forelimb; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006736:Horses; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D020033:Protein Isoforms / Q000032:analysis / Q000097:blood; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D020033:Protein Isoforms; D000685:Serum Amyloid A Protein