title: Intestinal distribution and fecundity of two species of Diplostomum parasites in definitive hosts.
abstract: This paper investigated the intestinal distribution and fecundity of 2 species of Diplostomum parasites, D. spathaceum and D. pseudospathaceum, in 2 species of definitive hosts, herring gull (Larus argentatus) and common gull (L. canus), using both empirical field data and experimental infections. At the level of individual hosts, the parasite species occupied different parts within the intestine, but the fecundity of the worms, measured as the number of eggs in the uterus, did not differ between the parasite species except in wild common gulls. Interestingly, egg numbers in individual hosts were positively correlated between the parasite species suggesting that some birds provided better resources for the parasite species. At the host population level, fecundity of the worms did not differ between the host species or between adult birds and chicks. Both parasite species were also aggregated to the same host individuals and it is likely that aggregation is transferred to gulls from fish intermediate hosts. Individual differences in suitability and parasite numbers between hosts provide important grounds and implications for epidemiological model-based parasite prevention strategies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biological and Environmental Science, P.O. Box 35, FI-40014 University of Jyväskylä, Finland. anskarv@bytl.jyu.fi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Karvonen
authors.forename: G-H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Seppälä
authors.forename: E T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Valtonen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001715:Bird Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000635:transmission; D046091:Charadriiformes / Q000469:parasitology*; D005298:Fertility; D005399:Fishes / Q000469:parasitology; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D007411:Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D007422:Intestines / Q000469:parasitology; D010270:Parasite Egg Count / Q000662:veterinary; D015995:Prevalence; D014200:Trematoda / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology; D014201:Trematode Infections / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*