title: Short-term and long-term cognitive function and cerebral perfusion in off-pump and on-pump coronary artery bypass patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate cognitive function, as measured by serial neuropsychological testing, and cerebral perfusion, as measured by brain SPECT scanning in patients with coronary artery diseases (CAD) following off-pump and on-pump coronary artery bypass graft surgery. Besides, the relationship between cerebral blood flow, cognitive functions, surgery parameters, and cardiac function in these patients were estimated. Also, brain-protective effects of instenon were studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Brain SPECT and comprehensive neuropsychological testing were performed 1 day before, 10-14 days and 6 months after coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG). The study involved 65 patients (62 males and 3 females, mean age 55+/-2) who underwent CABG with cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) (43 pts) and off-pump coronary revascularization (OPCAB) using the Octopus stabilization system (22 pts). In 21 cases employing CPB, for prevention of the impairments of cerebral perfusion and cognitive deficit instenon was administered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CABG with the use of extracorporeal circulation is complicated by short-term and long-term neurocognitive dysfunction (in 96 and 55% cases, correspondingly). Also, in the early period after CABG, in 68% patients, decrease in regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) was found, and after 6 months brain perfusion was lower than the baseline in 55% cases. Relationship between postoperative rCBF changes and the dynamics of cognitive function was found in early period and after 6 months following CABG.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The coronary revascularization on beating heart or preventive administration of instenon in CPB patients helps significantly to diminish the risk of cerebrovascular complication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Institute of Cardiology, Kievskaya street, 111A, 634012 Tomsk, Russia. nuclear@cardio.tsu.ru
authors.forename: Vladimir I
authors.initials: VI
authors.lastname: Chernov
authors.forename: Nataliya Yu
authors.initials: NY
authors.lastname: Efimova
authors.forename: Irina Yu
authors.initials: IY
authors.lastname: Efimova
authors.forename: Shamil D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Akhmedov
authors.forename: Yuri B
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Lishmanov
mesh_terms: D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D001549:Benzamides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D003071:Cognition; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D047549:Coronary Artery Bypass, Off-Pump / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006592:Hexobendine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D011184:Postoperative Period; D013806:Theophylline / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013997:Time Factors; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D001549:Benzamides; D004338:Drug Combinations; C001453:Instenon; D006592:Hexobendine; D013806:Theophylline