Strategies for management and treatment of dyslipidemia in HIV/AIDS.
With the improved survival of HIV-infected patients, there are increased concerns about the long-term effects of treatment, including protease inhibitor (PI)-related dyslipidemia. Some 50-70% of patients receiving combination antiretroviral therapy (ART) involving PIs develop lipid abnormalities consisting of elevated levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and triglycerides that are well-known risk factors for cardiovascular disease. Treatment of HIV dyslipidemia should include lifestyle modifications such as a low-fat diet, increased exercise, reduced alcohol consumption and smoking cessation. In many patients, however, these changes alone will not correct lipid levels. In some patients, changing the PI component of ART to another PI or non-PI and/or lipid-lowering drugs has proven successful. Each approach is associated with advantages and limitations and the need to maintain viral suppression must be balanced with the need to treat abnormal lipid levels.
Sax
P E
PE
Division of infection, Diseases and HIV Program, Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA. psax@partners.org
D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced; D002995:Clofibric Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004347:Drug Interactions; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D040242:Risk Reduction Behavior
D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D002995:Clofibric Acid