title: Expression of cyclins D1, D2, and D3 and Ki-67 in Leukemia.
abstract: Cyclins are very important components of the cell cycle machinery because their levels regulate cell proliferation. They have also been found to be prognostic factors in various cancers. We studied the expression of the positive cell cycle regulators (D cyclins) and the cell proliferation marker (Ki-67) in human acute myeloid (AML), chronic myeloid (CML), acute lymphoblastic (ALL) and chronic lymphocytic (CLL) leukemia [mainly by comparative reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR)]. Both leukemic and normal cells were positive for cyclin D3 expression. Significant differences were found in the expression of cyclin D1, which was the highest in leukocytes (CD19 + ) of CLL patients whereas lower expression was found in CML, AML and ALL patients and normal bone marrow and peripheral blood leukocytes (P < 0.001). The higher expression of cyclin D1 in leukocytes of CLL patients compared to CML patients was confirmed by quantitative real-time RT-PCR with a TaqMan probe in a subset of CLL and CML patients. Differences in cyclin D1 expression between CLL and CML patients were also confirmed on protein levels by western blotting. Expression of the proliferative marker Ki-67 was high in CML, ALL and AML cells and low in CD19-positive CLL cells. The results demonstrate that the level of cyclin D1 negatively correlates with the proliferation properties of leukemic cells. We did not find any significant relationship between cyclin D1 expression in cells of CML and AML patients and their clinical outcome.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Hematology and Blood Transfusion, Department of Molecular Genetics, U nemocnice, Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Polák
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Jaroslav
authors.forename: Hradcová
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Martina
authors.forename: Schwarz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jirí
authors.forename: Klamová
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hana
authors.forename: Stöckbauer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Petr
authors.forename: Kozák
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomás
authors.forename: Müller
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Julius
authors.forename: Haskovec
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cedrik
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D056742:Cyclin D2; D056743:Cyclin D3; D016213:Cyclins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics*; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D007938:Leukemia / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology*; D015451:Leukemia, Lymphocytic, Chronic, B-Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D015464:Leukemia, Myelogenous, Chronic, BCR-ABL Positive / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: C080336:CCND2 protein, human; C534696:CCND3 protein, human; D056742:Cyclin D2; D056743:Cyclin D3; D016213:Cyclins; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D019938:Cyclin D1