title: Sensitivity and specificity of the suspected blood identification system in video capsule enteroscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Capsule enteroscopy has become a standard tool for the evaluation of obscure gastrointestinal bleeding. Reviewing the video recordings of capsule examinations is time-consuming and requires prolonged attention. Recently, software that can recognize the frames containing "red spots", the Suspected Blood Identification system (SBIS), has been developed with the aim of assisting in the analysis of video recordings. We assessed the sensitivity and specificity of the SBIS in patients undergoing capsule enteroscopy.
  
  
  METHODS
  100 consecutive patients underwent capsule enteroscopy at our tertiary referral center, for the following indications: obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (75 patients), metastatic carcinoid (7 patients) known or suspected Crohn's disease (5 patients), miscellaneous (13 patients). Capsule endoscopy was carried out by the standard method. Four gastroenterologists, experienced in capsule endoscopy, reviewed the recordings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Small-bowel visualization was obtained in 95 cases. The physicians identified 209 "red spots", 54 of which (25.8%) were also identified by the SBIS. The overall sensitivity, specificity, and positive and negative predictive values of the SBIS, calculated on the number of true-positive, true-negative, false-positive and false-negative results, were 40.9%, 70.7%, 69.2% and 42.6%, respectively. Sensitivity was higher for the identification of red blood (60.9%) than for nonbleeding "red" lesions such as arteriovenous malformations (25.8%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SBIS has low sensitivity and specificity. It can be used as a complementary and rapid screening tool, but complete review of the recordings is still necessary.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, University of Milan, Gastroenterology and Digestive Endoscopy Service, IRCCS Maggiore Policlinico Hospital, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Signorelli
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rondonotti
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Abbiati
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Beccari
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: de Franchis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001165:Arteriovenous Malformations / Q000473:pathology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D020776:Endoscopes, Gastrointestinal; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000379:methods*; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005260:Female; D005753:Gastric Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014741:Video Recording