title: Randomized, multi-center trial of two hypo-energetic diets in obese subjects: high- versus low-fat content.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether a hypo-energetic low-fat diet is superior to a hypo-energetic high-fat diet for the treatment of obesity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Open-label, 10-week dietary intervention comparing two hypo-energetic (-600 kcal/day) diets with a fat energy percent of 20-25 or 40-45.
  
  
  METHODS
  Obese (BMI >or=30 kg/m(2)) adult subjects (n = 771), from eight European centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Body weight loss, dropout rates, proportion of subjects who lost more than 10% of initial body weight, blood lipid profile, insulin and glucose.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The dietary fat energy percent was 25% in the low-fat group and 40% in the high-fat group (mean difference: 16 (95% confidence interval (CI) 15-17)%). Average weight loss was 6.9 kg in the low-fat group and 6.6 kg in the high-fat group (mean difference: 0.3 (95% CI -0.2 to 0.8) kg). Dropout was 13.6% (n = 53) in the low-fat group and 18.3% (n = 70) in the high-fat group (P=0.001). Among completers, more subjects lost >10% in the low-fat group than in the high-fat group ((20.8%, n = 70) versus (14.7%, n = 46), P = 0.02). Fasting plasma total, low-density lipoprotein- and high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol decreased in both groups, but more so in the low-fat group than in the high-fat group. Fasting plasma insulin and glucose were lowered equally by both diets.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The low-fat diet produced similar mean weight loss as the high-fat diet, but resulted in more subjects losing >10% of initial body weight and fewer dropouts. Both diets produced favorable changes in fasting blood lipids, insulin and glucose.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Nutrition, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: W H M
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Saris
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Verdich
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toubro
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Macdonald
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rössner
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Stich
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guy-Grand
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Langin
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Pedersen
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Holst
authors.forename: T I A
authors.initials: TI
authors.lastname: Sørensen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Astrup
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001823:Body Composition; D001835:Body Weight; D018752:Diet, Fat-Restricted; D004038:Diet, Reducing / Q000379:methods*; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010352:Patient Dropouts; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015431:Weight Loss
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D004041:Dietary Fats; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids