title: Efficacy of autologous plasmin for idiopathic macular hole surgery.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether a single intravitreal injection of autologous plasmin or a combination of plasmin and intraocular gas without peeling the internal limiting membrane (ILM) will close idiopathic macular holes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight eyes of seven patients with an idiopathic macular hole were studied. The degree of posterior vitreous detachment (PVD), vitreal liquefaction, closure of the macular hole, visual acuity, and complications following intravitreal plasmin or plasmin with gas were investigated. The removed ILM was examined by electron microscopy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A PVD was created in seven out of eight eyes exposed to plasmin or plasmin with gas, however, the macular hole was not closed by either. Closure occurred in two eyes using conventional vitrectomy after the plasmin with gas injection, but peeling the ILM was required in the remaining six eyes. Vitreal fibers and glial cells were not observed on the vitreal surface of the extracted ILM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A PVD was created safely and reliably although closure of the macular hole did not occur with either plasmin or with plasmin and gas injection. However, vitreous surgery became easier, and it required a shorter time to close the macular hole with intravitreal plasmin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Juntendo University, Urayasu Hospital, Chiba, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakuma
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mizota
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Souri
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ichinose
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D019773:Epiretinal Membrane / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D005341:Fibrinolysin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012167:Retinal Perforations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery*; D013459:Sulfur Hexafluoride / Q000008:administration & dosage; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014821:Vitrectomy; D014822:Vitreous Body
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D005341:Fibrinolysin; D013459:Sulfur Hexafluoride