title: Dopamine D3 receptor-preferring agonists induce neurotrophic effects on mesencephalic dopamine neurons.
abstract: Anti-parkinsonian agents, pramipexole (PPX) and ropinirole (ROP), have been reported to possess neuroprotective properties, both in vitro and in vivo. The mechanisms underlying neuroprotection afforded by the D3-preferring receptor agonists remain poorly understood. The present study demonstrates that incubation of primary mesencephalic cultures with PPX and ROP or the conditioned medium from PPX- or ROP-treated primary cultures induced a marked increase in the number of dopamine (DA) neurons in the cultures. Similar effects can be observed after incubating with the conditioned medium derived from PPX- and ROP-treated substantia nigra astroglia. Meanwhile, PPX and ROP can protect the primary cells from insult of 1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium (MPP+), the active metabolite of the neurotoxin 1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,5,6-tetrahydropyridine (MPTP). Furthermore, the neurotrophic effects of PPX and ROP on mesencephalic dopamine neurons could be significantly blocked by D3 receptor antagonist, but not by D2 receptor antagonist. Moreover, we found that the levels of glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) and brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) in the conditioned medium of mesencephalic cultures treated with PPX and ROP were significantly increased. Blocking GDNF and BDNF with the neutralizing antibodies, the neurotrophic effects of PPX and ROP were greatly diminished. These results suggest that D3 dopamine receptor-preferring agonists, PPX and ROP, exert neurotrophic effects on cultured DA neurons by modulating the production of endogenous GDNF and BDNF, which may participate in their neuroprotection.
authors.affiliation: Joint Laboratory of Institutes of Biomedical Sciences, Ruijin Hospital, Jiao Tong University Medical School, and Institute of Health Science, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, 200025, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Fang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yuangui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Xuping
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Weidong
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Le
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000502:physiology; D052160:Benzothiazoles; D015153:Blotting, Western; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D002452:Cell Count; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D004298:Dopamine / Q000502:physiology*; D018491:Dopamine Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D008636:Mesencephalon / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D000077487:Pramipexole; D011247:Pregnancy; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D050637:Receptors, Dopamine D3 / Q000187:drug effects*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D052160:Benzothiazoles; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D017077:Culture Media, Conditioned; D018491:Dopamine Agonists; D051100:Glial Cell Line-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D007211:Indoles; D011726:Pyridinium Compounds; D050637:Receptors, Dopamine D3; D013844:Thiazoles; C046649:ropinirole; C026560:1-(4-methoxyphenyl)pyridinium; D000077487:Pramipexole; D014446:Tyrosine 3-Monooxygenase; D004298:Dopamine