title: Dose-dependent cell growth in response to concentration modulated patterns of FGF-2 printed on fibrin.
abstract: Immobilized patterns of unmodified fibroblast growth factor-2 (FGF-2), with varying surface concentrations, were inkjet printed onto physiologically relevant fibrin substrates. Printed patterns were characterized using iodinated FGF-2 to determine FGF-2 surface concentration and retention of FGF-2 binding in vitro. MG-63 cells were uniformly seeded onto patterned substrates. Cells were exposed to defined spatial FGF-2 surface concentrations of 1-22 pg/mm(2). Cell numbers were observed to increase in register with the printed FGF-2 patterns from an initial random uniform cell distribution across the patterned and non-patterned regions. Based on time-lapse image analysis, the primary organizational response of the cells was determined to be proliferation and not migration. Cell counts on and off the FGF-2 patterns over time demonstrated an increase in cell density up to a FGF-2 surface concentration of 14 pg/mm(2). Higher surface concentrations did not result in increased cell density. In addition, the cells on the FGF-2 patterns survived longer than the cells off patterns. Our inkjet printing approach permits the systematic study of cellular responses to defined spatial surface concentrations of immobilized growth factors.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering, Carnegie Mellon University, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA.
authors.forename: Eric D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Gregory W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Fisher
authors.forename: Lee E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Weiss
authors.forename: Lynn M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Phil G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Campbell
mesh_terms: D002232:Carbocyanines / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005337:Fibrin / Q000378:metabolism*; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D011327:Printing / Q000379:methods*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D002232:Carbocyanines; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; C089187:cyanine dye 3; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2; D005337:Fibrin