title: [Tibiotalar arthrodesis with the tibial compression nail].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Arthrodesis of the ankle joint in proper position (neutral position in respect to flexion/extension, 5 degrees external rotation, 0-5 degrees of valgus). Pain-free weight bearing of the affected limb.
  
  
  METHODS
  Painful osteoarthritis of the ankle joint resistant to conservative approaches even in the presence of poor bone quality of the distal tibia such as after pilon fractures and osteoporosis. Failure of other methods of internal fixation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Osteitis. Partial necrosis of the talar dome. Medullary canal of tibia not patent.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lateral approach and resection of lateral malleolus. If the joint position is normal, removal of articular cartilage of tibia and talus. If axial correction is necessary, wedge resection of articular surfaces with underlying bone. Opening of proximal tibial medullary canal, insertion of compression nail into tibia and talus. Compression osteosynthesis and cancellous bone grafting. Alternatively, the arthrodesis can be achieved with the dowel technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between September 1993 and March 2001, 137 patients (43 women, 94 men, average age 49 years [21-79 years]) were operated. Follow-up of 110 patients after 42 months: successful bony fusion in 99 patients (90%). In six patients (5.5%) the goal of treatment was obtained after revision with recompression of the nail and bone grafting. Nonunion in five patients (4.5%).
  
  
  RESULTS
  one tibial shaft fracture, one hematoma needing evacuation, three superficial infections, and eight deep infections. Three patients developed an osteoarthritis of the subtalar joint. 70 patients (63.6%) reported an improvement, 37 (33.6%) no notable change of symptoms, and three (2.7%) a deterioration.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Unfall,- Hand- und Wiederherstellungschirurgie, Friedrich-Schiller-Universität, Erlanger Allee 101, D-07747 Jena, Germany. Thomas.Mueckley@med.uni-jena.de
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mückley
authors.forename: Gunther
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.forename: Volker
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Bühren
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D018771:Arthralgia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D001174:Arthrodesis / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D001858:Bone Nails; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010000:Osteitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D011859:Radiography; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013628:Talus / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D013977:Tibia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome