title: The use of refluxing ureter in the creation of a Mitrofanoff channel in children undergoing bladder augmentation: is a formal reimplantation necessary?
abstract: To study the fate of a refluxing ureteral stump used as a Mitrofanoff channel (MC) for clean intermittent catheterization (CIC), without reimplantation in augmented bladders. Ten boys and seven girls, 1-14 years old (mean 6.5 years) seen in period 1998-2005, underwent creation of MC using refluxing or potentially refluxing ureters. Concomitant bladder augmentation (BA) was performed for various abnormalities of lower urinary tract, including exstrophy epispadias complex, neurogenic bladder cloaca and posterior urethral valve. The uretero-vesical junction was maintained intact during creation of the MC. Follow-up period ranged from 2-72 months (mean 32.5 months). Satisfactory CIC was possible in 14 children while in two children the stoma became obstructed due to non-usage. Urinary leak via the ureteric MC was seen in only one patient who partially responded to anticholinergic therapy and a shortened CIC interval but this needed to be formally closed subsequently. A refluxing ureter can be used in the creation of a MC without formal reimplantation in the majority of children undergoing BA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Surgery, Christian Medical College and Hospital, 632004 Vellore, TN, India.
authors.forename: Parag
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tapre
authors.forename: Sudipta
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.forename: Jacob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chacko
authors.forename: Sampath
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karl
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001746:Bladder Exstrophy / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004842:Epispadias / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012092:Replantation; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014513:Ureter / Q000601:surgery*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000601:surgery*; D014546:Urinary Catheterization / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014547:Urinary Diversion / Q000379:methods*; D014567:Urography