title: Identification of CCND3 and BYSL as candidate targets for the 6p21 amplification in diffuse large B-cell lymphoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Increases in gene dosage through DNA amplification represents a common feature of many tumors and can result in the up-regulation of tumor-promoting genes. Our recent genome-wide, array-based comparative genomic hybridization analysis of 66 cases of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma found that genomic gain of 6p21 was observed in as many as 17 cases, including 14 cases with low-level copy number gain and three cases with high-level copy number gains (amplifications).
  
  
  RESULTS
  To identify the target gene(s) for 6p21 amplification, we constructed a detailed amplicon map at the region of genomic amplification with the aid of high-resolution contig array-based comparative genomic hybridization glass slides, consisting of contiguously ordered bacterial artificial chromosome/P1-derived artificial chromosome clones covering 3 Mb throughout the 6p21 amplification region. Alignment of the amplifications identified a minimally overlapping 800 kb segment containing 15 genes. Quantitative expression analysis of the genes from both patient samples and the SUDHL9 cell line revealed that CCND3 and BYSL (1.9 kb telomeric to the CCND3 gene locus) are the targets of 6p21 genomic gain/amplification.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although it is known that t(6;14)(p21;q32) induces aberrant overexpression of CCND3 in B-cell malignancies, we were able to show that CCND3, which encodes the cyclin D family member protein that controls the G1-S phase of cell cycle regulation, can also be a target of genomic gain/amplification. Overexpression of CCND3 through genomic amplification is likely to lead to aberrant cell cycle control, although the precise biological role of BYSL with respect to tumorigenesis remains to be determined.
authors.affiliation: Division of Molecular Medicine, Aichi Cancer Center Research Institute, Department of Hematology and Cell Therapy, Aichi Cancer Center Hospital, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: Yumiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kasugai
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tagawa
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kameoka
authors.forename: Yasuo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Morishima
authors.forename: Shigeo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Seto
mesh_terms: D015152:Blotting, Northern; D015139:Blotting, Southern; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000235:genetics*; D002874:Chromosome Mapping; D022202:Chromosomes, Artificial, Bacterial; D002896:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 6 / Q000235:genetics*; D056743:Cyclin D3; D016213:Cyclins / Q000235:genetics*; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D005784:Gene Amplification; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000235:genetics*; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000235:genetics*; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: C112245:BYSL protein, human; C534696:CCND3 protein, human; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D056743:Cyclin D3; D016213:Cyclins; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm