title: Allele-specific methylation of a functional CTCF binding site upstream of MEG3 in the human imprinted domain of 14q32.
abstract: The gene MEG3 is located in the imprinted human chromosomal region on 14q32. Imprinting of a structurally homologous region IGF2/H19 on 11p15 is mediated through cytosine methylation-controlled binding of the protein CTCF to target sites upstream of H19. We identified five new CTCF binding sites around the promoter of MEG3. Using an electrophoretic mobility shift assay, we showed that these sites bind CTCF in vitro. Using one of these sites, chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) analysis confirmed CTCF binding in-vivo, and differential allele-specific methylation was demonstrated in seven individuals with either maternal or paternal uniparental disomy 14 (UPD14). The site was unmethylated on the maternally inherited chromosomes 14 and methylated on the paternally inherited chromosomes 14, suggesting parent-specific methylation of sequences upstream of MEG3. We speculate that this CTCF-binding region may provide a mechanism for the transcriptional regulation of MEG3 and DLK1.
authors.affiliation: Health Research and Education Center, Washington State University, Spokane, WA 99210-1495, USA.
authors.forename: Alberto L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Rosa
authors.forename: Yuan-Qing
authors.initials: YQ
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kwabi-Addo
authors.forename: Karen J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Coveler
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Reid Sutton
authors.forename: Lisa G
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Shaffer
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001665:Binding Sites / Q000235:genetics; D000076246:CCCTC-Binding Factor; D002883:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14; D016384:Consensus Sequence; D019175:DNA Methylation; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D018392:Genomic Imprinting; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D012045:Regulatory Sequences, Nucleic Acid; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D024182:Uniparental Disomy / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000076246:CCCTC-Binding Factor; C000619697:CTCF protein, human; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C498907:MEG3 non-coding RNA, human; D011506:Proteins; D062085:RNA, Long Noncoding; D012097:Repressor Proteins