title: Identification of alkyl carbazoles and alkyl benzocarbazoles in Brazilian petroleum derivatives.
abstract: Carbozoles are important compounds in crude oils, as they may be used as geochemical tracers, being the major type of nitrogen compounds in petroleum. At the same time, they are regarded as undesirable due to the problems they may cause in the refining process, such as catalyst poisoning, corrosion, gum or color formation in final products. As separation and identification of carbazoles are challenging goals, this work presents a chromatographic method, made of a pre-fractionation on neutral alumina followed by the separation and identification of two classes of carbazoles using FeCl(3)/Chromossorb W and gas chromatograph with mass spectrometer (GC/MS) (SIM-single ion monitoring mode) analysis. For the first time, a series of alkyl carbazoles and alkyl benzocarbazoles were identified in heavy gas oil (HGO) and atmospheric residue of distillation (ARD) obtained from Brazilian petroleum.
authors.affiliation: Center III, UNIVATES, Lajeado, RS, Brazil.
authors.forename: Eniz Conceição
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Oliveira
authors.forename: Maria Cecília
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Vaz de Campos
authors.forename: Maria Regina Alves
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Rodrigues
authors.forename: Valéria Flores
authors.initials: VF
authors.lastname: Pérez
authors.forename: Maria Inês Soares
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Melecchi
authors.forename: Maria Goreti Rodrigues
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Vale
authors.forename: Cláudia Alcaraz
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Zini
authors.forename: Elina Bastos
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Caramão
mesh_terms: D000537:Aluminum Oxide; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000032:analysis* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005591:Chemical Fractionation / Q000379:methods; D002712:Chlorides; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D010578:Petroleum / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D002227:Carbazoles; D002712:Chlorides; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D010578:Petroleum; D000537:Aluminum Oxide; C024555:ferric chloride