title: The effect of cooking on veterinary drug residues in food: nicarbazin (dinitrocarbanilide component).
abstract: The change of concentration of residues of the marker compound for the anti-coccidial drug nicarbazin, N,N'-bis(4-nitrophenyl)urea (dinitrocarbanilide, DNC), was investigated in model oil and aqueous solutions and in chicken muscle and egg. In model aqueous solutions, DNC decreased rapidly in concentration upon heating followed by a much more gradual decomposition. The curves produced when this information was plotted were not typical of exponential decay. In model cooking oil solutions, DNC generally showed a slower decrease in concentration over time when compared with aqueous solutions. DNC residues in egg were stable to microwave cooking and residues in chicken muscle were stable to stewing and microwaving. Other cooking procedures led to a decrease in amount of DNC by 22% to 48% of the total amount of analyte present. Only a small amount (<2%) of residue leached with juices which exuded as the food was cooked.
authors.affiliation: Central Science Laboratory, Sand Hutton, York, Y041 ILZ, UK.
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Tarbin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bygrave
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bigwood
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hardy
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sharman
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002224:Carbanilides / Q000032:analysis*; D002645:Chickens; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D003049:Coccidiostats / Q000032:analysis*; D004350:Drug Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D004531:Eggs / Q000032:analysis; D005504:Food Analysis / Q000379:methods; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D006358:Hot Temperature; D008460:Meat / Q000032:analysis; D009528:Nicarbazin / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D002224:Carbanilides; D003049:Coccidiostats; D009528:Nicarbazin; C039493:4,4'-dinitrocarbanilide