title: [Resection of child meningoencephaloceles by transnasal endoscopy].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To discuss the diagnosis of child meningoencephaloceles in nasal cavity and its methods of transnasal endoscopic surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two cases of congenital meningoencephalocele which have manifested mass in nasal cavity or nasopharynx received total resection by transnasal endoscopic surgery. Their medical records, radiographic imagings, and surgical procedures were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 2 patients with endonasal meningoencephaloceles whose main symptoms were watery rhinorrhea,nasal obstruction and mass in nasal cavity. A high index of suspicion for this diagnosis must be maintained, especially in patients with reiterative high fever or meningitis. Imaging examination should be done in those patients. Endonasal meningoencephaloceles, wherever the bone defects were located on the ethmoid roof or skull base,can be remove by endoscopy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CT and MRI are significant in diagnosis of endonasal meningoencephaloceles, nasal endoscopic surgery could be considered to be the best surgical approach without any severe complications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai 200092, China. caorongping@163.com
authors.forename: Rongping
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Hao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Zhentao
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zhaoyan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiaowen
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D004677:Encephalocele / Q000601:surgery*; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000601:surgery; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*