title: Bougie-guided insertion of the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway has higher first attempt success rate than the digital technique in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We tested the hypothesis that bougie-guided insertion of the ProSeal laryngeal mask airway (ProSeal LMA) has higher success rate than the digital technique in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and twenty children (ASA I-II, aged 1-16 yr) were randomly allocated for ProSeal LMA insertion using the digital or bougie-guided technique. The digital technique was performed according to the manufacturer's instructions. The bougie-guided technique involved priming the drain tube with a bougie, placing the bougie in the oesophagus under direct vision and railroading the ProSeal LMA into position. Unblinded data were collected about ease of insertion (number of attempts and time taken to provide an effective airway), efficacy of seal, ease of gastric tube placement, haemodynamic responses and blood staining. Blinded data were collected about postoperative airway morbidity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The first attempt success rate was higher for the bougie-guided technique (59/60 vs 52/60, P=0.015), but effective airway time was longer (37 vs 32 s, P<0.001). There were no differences in efficacy of seal, ease of gastric tube placement, haemodynamic responses, blood staining or postoperative airway morbidity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that bougie-guided insertion of the ProSeal LMA has a higher first attempt success rate than the digital technique in children.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia and Reanimation, Maranon University Hospital, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lopez-Gil
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brimacombe
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Barragan
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Keller
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D017214:Laryngeal Masks / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D017211:Treatment Failure