title: Bone healing in surgically created defects treated with either bioactive glass particles, a calcium sulfate barrier, or a combination of both materials. A histological and histometric study in rat tibias.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to histologically analyze the influence of bioactive glass and/or a calcium sulfate barrier on bone healing in surgically created defects in rat tibias.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixty-four rats were divided into 4 groups: C (control), CS (calcium sulfate), BG (bioactive glass), and BG/CS (bioactive glass/calcium sulfate). A surgical defect was created in the tibia of each animal. In Group CS, a calcium sulfate barrier was placed to cover the defect. In Group BG the defect was filled with bioactive glass. In Group BG/CS, it was filled with bioactive glass and protected by a barrier of calcium sulfate. Animals were sacrificed at 10 or 30 days post-operative. The formation of new bone in the cortical area of the defect was evaluated histomorphometrically.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 10 days post-operative, Group C presented significantly more bone formation than Groups CS, BG, or BG/CS. No statistically significant differences were found between the experimental groups. At 30 days post-operative, Group C demonstrated significantly more bone formation than the experimental groups. Groups CS and BG/CS showed significantly more bone formation than Group BG. No statistically significant differences were found between Group CS and BG/CS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  (a) the control groups had significantly more bone formation than the experimental groups; (b) at 10 days post-operative, no significant differences were found between any of the experimental groups; and (c) at 30 days post-operative, the groups with a calcium sulfate barrier had significantly more bone formation than the group that used bioactive glass only.
authors.affiliation: Division of Periodontics, Department of Surgery and Integrated Clinic, Dental School of Araçatuba, University of State of São Paulo Júlio de Mesquita Filho-UNESP, Araçatuba, Brazil.
authors.forename: Luiz G N
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Melo
authors.forename: Maria J H
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: Alvaro F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Bosco
authors.forename: Luciana L G
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Ribeiro
authors.forename: Cristiane M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Leite
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002133:Calcium Sulfate; D002516:Ceramics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016557:Guided Tissue Regeneration, Periodontal / Q000379:methods*; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D051381:Rats; D013977:Tibia / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: C022107:Bioglass; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D008567:Membranes, Artificial; D002133:Calcium Sulfate