title: Long-term effects of lanthanum intake on the neurobehavioral development of the rat.
abstract: The effects of subchronic exposure to lanthanum on rats' physical and neurobehavioral development were investigated. Wistar rats were exposed to lanthanum through oral administration at 0, 0.1, 2, and 40 mg/kg concentrations from gestation day 0 through 5 months of age. Prior to weaning of the pups, physical parameters and neurobehaviors were assessed, including body weight gain, pinna detachment, eye opening, surface righting reflex and swimming endurance. At 30 days of age, DNA concentration and protein/DNA ratio of the whole brain were determined. At 150 days of age, the Morris water maze test was carried out to study the memory and learning abilities of the rats. Differences were found in the body weight gain, surface righting reflex and swimming endurance. Moreover, lanthanum exposure significantly altered the DNA concentration and Protein/DNA in brain. The Morris water maze test showed that lanthanum exposure at 40 mg/kg significantly impaired memory and learning abilities. These findings indicate that lanthanum is a potential behavior teratogen. The information provided by this work should be considered in future applications of lanthanides.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Nuclear Analytical Techniques, and Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
authors.forename: Liuxing
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Feng
authors.forename: Haiqing
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xiao
authors.forename: Xiao
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Zijie
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Fuliang
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Nianqing
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Zhifang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.forename: Yuliang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Zhiyong
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001522:Behavior, Animal / Q000187:drug effects; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology; D004247:DNA / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D007811:Lanthanum / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D018782:Maze Learning / Q000187:drug effects; D009068:Movement / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012018:Reflex / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D007811:Lanthanum; D004247:DNA