title: Elevated matrix metalloproteinase expression after stent implantation is associated with restenosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) play a key role in intimal growth and is responsible for ventricular remodeling after stent implantation. However, little is known about the relationship between early MMPs expression post-stent implantation and follow-up restenosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the serial changes of serum MMP-9, MMP-2 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-1 (TIMP-1) in 16 control subjects with normal coronary angiography (control) and 40 patients before and on the 1st, 3rd and 7th day after uncomplicated stent implantation. Follow-up angiography was performed at 6 months after stent implantation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Serum MMP-2 level was higher in patients with restenosis on the 1st day post-stent implantation and returned to pre-operation level thereafter. Serum MMP-9 levels consistently increased in patients with restenosis up to 7th day post-stent implantation; MMP-9 levels in the 1st, 3rd and 7th day after stent implantation were positively correlated to the late loss index 6 months after stent implantation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased serum MMP-9 level is associated with increased risk of restenosis post-stent implantation.
authors.affiliation: Shanghai Institute of Cardiovascular Disease, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Fenglin Road 180, Shanghai 200032, People's Republic of China. gejunbo@zshospital.net
authors.forename: Junbo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ge
authors.forename: Chengxing
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Chun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Lianglong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Juying
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Haozhu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood*; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D015607:Stents; D013997:Time Factors; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000097:blood*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019715:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-1; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9