Biological effects of a dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids supplementation in cystic fibrosis patients: a randomized, crossover placebo-controlled trial.
OBJECTIVE
Various anti-inflammatory therapies, including dietary omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) supplementation, have been investigated in cystic fibrosis (CF) patients. To further explore this nutritional approach, biological effects of an omega-3 PUFA oral liquid supplementation were measured in 17 CF patients in a double-blind, randomized, crossover without a washout period and placebo-controlled study.


METHODS
CF patients (age: 18+/-9 year; weight: 43+/-13 kg) received a liquid dietary supplementation either enriched or not in omega-3 PUFA (390-1170 mg/day according to patient weight) during two 6-month periods.


RESULTS
Increase in eicosapentaenoic acid was observed in neutrophil membrane following omega-3 PUFA dietary supplementation (from 0.7+/-0.6 to 1.6+/-0.6 micromol%, P<0.01). The leukotriene B(4) (LTB(4))/leukotriene B(5) (LTB(5)) ratio was decreased (from 72+/-27 to 24+/-7, P<0.001) in CF patients taking omega-3 PUFA supplements. In contrast, omega-3 PUFA supplementation affected neither internalization of IL-8 receptors following IL-8 exposure, nor IL-8-induced neutrophil chemotaxis.


CONCLUSIONS
Our results show that omega-3 PUFA are incorporated in neutrophil membranes. The subsequent decrease in LTB(4)/LTB(5) ratio suggests that, in such conditions, neutrophils may produce less pro-inflammatory mediators from the acid arachidonic pathway. These data indicate that omega-3 PUFA intake may have anti-inflammatory effect that still need to be assessed by long-term studies following large groups of patients.
Panchaud
Alice
A
Unité de Nutrition Clinique, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Vaudois, Lausanne, Switzerland. Alice.Panchaud@chuv.ch
Sauty
Alain
A
Kernen
Yann
Y
Decosterd
Laurent A
LA
Buclin
Thierry
T
Boulat
Olivier
O
Hug
Christine
C
Pilet
Marianne
M
Roulet
Michel
M
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000737:chemistry; D002634:Chemotaxis, Leukocyte / Q000187:drug effects; D002648:Child; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000628:therapy*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000494:pharmacology; D007975:Leukotriene B4 / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000648:ultrastructure; D010919:Placebos; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3; D016209:Interleukin-8; D010919:Placebos; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D007975:Leukotriene B4; C040212:leukotriene B5; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid