title: Influence of environmental temperature on duathlon performance.
abstract: The aim of this study was to evaluate the physiological, metabolic and performance responses to duathlon performance under a range of ambient temperatures. Ten male recreational athletes performed three self-paced duathlon time trials consisting of a 5 km run (R1), a 30 km cycle and a 5 km run (R2) at 10 degrees C, 20 degrees C and 30 degrees C and a relative humidity of 50%. Performance times, heart rate (HR), rating of perceived exertion (RPE), core temperature (Tc) and skin temperature (Tsk) were measured every kilometre. Carbohydrate and fat oxidation rates were calculated via expired gas analysis at the first and fourth kilometres during both running stages. Blood samples were taken before and after exercise for the determination of prolactin concentration.Overall performance was significantly faster at 10 degrees C (100.76+/-5.32 min) than at 30 degrees C (105.38 +/- 4.28 min). Significantly higher Tc was noted in the 30 degrees C trial than in the 10 degrees C trial, with concomitant elevations in prolactin after exercise (19.88 +/- 6.48 ng/ml at 30 degrees C; 13.10 +/- 8.75 ng/ml at 10 degrees C). The rates of carbohydrate oxidation did not differ between conditions, although fat oxidation rates were highest at 10 degrees C. Elevated ambient temperature has a negative effect on duathlon performance. This effect may be reflected in increased Tc and prolactin concentration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Applied Bioscience, University of Westminster, London W1W 7UW, UK. A.Sparks@westminster.ac.uk
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Sparks
authors.forename: N T
authors.initials: NT
authors.lastname: Cable
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Doran
authors.forename: D P M
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Maclaren
mesh_terms: D001831:Body Temperature / Q000502:physiology; D050260:Carbohydrate Metabolism; D003080:Cold Temperature; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism; D008297:Male; D010465:Perception / Q000502:physiology; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology; D011388:Prolactin / Q000378:metabolism; D013177:Sports / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D011388:Prolactin