title: Do you see what I see? Interpretations of intentional movement in schizophrenia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Current literature exploring theory of mind (ToM) abilities in patients with schizophrenia has failed to take into account the dynamic nature of complex social interactions. The aim of this study was to explore symptom specific impairments in theory of mind using a novel, dynamic task.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects viewed short animations displaying three types of movement; random, goal directed, and socially complex (theory of mind). Verbal descriptions of the animations were obtained from 61 patients with schizophrenia (divided into symptom sub-groups) and 22 healthy comparison subjects and were scored for accuracy, type of response and use of target terms (terms most appropriate to each animation type).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Accuracy on all three conditions discriminated behavioural signs (BS), and (to a lesser degree) paranoid subjects, from the other schizophrenia sub-groups (those in remission and those with passivity features) and the controls. Paranoid and BS groups had difficulties with all the animations, yet all symptom sub-groups failed to use the appropriate mentalising language to describe the ToM animations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this first exploration of on-line mentalising abilities in schizophrenia, it is suggested that a failure to use appropriate mentalising language may be a trait marker for the disease. The nature of the type of tasks used to assess social cognitive processing in this group needs careful consideration, and tasks tapping into the fluidity of social interactions yield results that differ from previously reported studies.
authors.affiliation: Section of Neuroscience and Emotion, Institute of Psychiatry, London, UK. T.Russell@iop.kcl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Tamara A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Emanuelle
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Reynaud
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Herba
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: Rhiannon
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Corcoran
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006040:Goals; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D009039:Motion Perception; D009068:Movement; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000150:complications*; D012919:Social Behavior; D014705:Verbal Behavior; D014796:Visual Perception