title: Ontogeny and effects of thyroid hormone on beta1-adrenergic receptor mRNA expression in ovine fetal kidney cortex.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous studies indicate that thyroidectomy (TX) decreases renin gene expression in ovine fetal renal cortex in late gestation. Fetal ovine renin-containing renocortical cells become increasingly responsive to beta-adrenergic stimulation as gestation proceeds. Increases in plasma thyroid hormone concentrations parallel this change, suggesting that there is a positive developmental relationship between the two. To examine this hypothesis, we determined the ontogeny of beta1-adrenergic receptor (beta1R) mRNA expression, and the effect of thyroid hormone on in vivo and in vitro expression in fetal sheep.
  
  
  METHODS
  Renocortical tissue was obtained from naive, TX, and sham-operated fetuses to determine beta1R mRNA levels. Renin-containing renocortical cells from TX or sham fetuses were treated with isoproterenol (Iso) or forskolin (FSK) for analysis of cellular cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP) levels. Renocortical cells from naive fetuses were treated with triiodothyronine (T3) to assess cellular beta1R mRNA levels. Fetal plasma thyroxine (T4) level was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Renocortical beta1R mRNA expression increased significantly between 100 and 140 days' gestational age (dGA), while TX attenuated this increase (P <.01). Renocortical cellular cAMP levels were higher in sham compared to TX fetuses following incubation with Iso or FSK (P <.05). Cells incubated with T3 exhibited significantly increased beta1R mRNA expression (P <.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The data suggest that thyroid hormone may be involved in modulating ovine fetal renocortical beta1R gene expression during development. We speculate that the increased beta1R mRNA expression in renal cortical cells as development progresses may mediate the increases in renin gene response to beta-adrenergic stimulation in late gestation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157, USA.
authors.forename: Jingfang
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Kai
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Nancy K
authors.initials: NK
authors.lastname: Valego
authors.forename: Luke C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rose
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005576:Colforsin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000378:metabolism*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental / Q000187:drug effects; D005865:Gestational Age; D007545:Isoproterenol / Q000494:pharmacology; D007672:Kidney Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000378:metabolism*; D011247:Pregnancy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D012083:Renin / Q000235:genetics*; D012756:Sheep; D013965:Thyroidectomy; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018342:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta-1; D005576:Colforsin; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D012083:Renin; D007545:Isoproterenol; D013974:Thyroxine