title: The introduction of the stilbene synthase gene enhances the natural antiradical activity of Lycopersicon esculentum mill.
abstract: Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum) is a vegetable rich in antioxidants, such as lycopene, lutein, and zeaxanthin. Their presence is responsible for the characteristic ability of this product to inhibit the formation of reactive oxygen species, including singlet oxygen. The grapes and wines derived from grapes also contain powerful antioxidants. The antioxidant effect is derived from the polyphenols such as resveratrol and proanthocyanidin. Resveratrol is phytoalexin that is synthesized via the activation of the gene, stilbene synthase (STS). We decided to determine if the introduction of this gene into Lycopersicon esculentum Mill could modify its antioxidant activity. Using Electronic Paramagnetic Resonance (EPR) spectroscopy, which permits the detection of antiradical activity, especially *OH (hydroxyl radical), we showed that the antioxidant activity of the products, into which the gene STS had been introduced, was almost double than that of natural products and that their activity was especially pronounced due to ripening. Moreover, resveratrol concentrations in modified tomatoes were much higher than that found in the individual fruit. In the isolated hearts subjected to ischemia/reperfusion, the rats fed with modified tomato exhibited better cardiac performance, reduced myocardial infarct size and decreased number of apoptotic cardiomyocytes, and reduced oxidative stress compared to unmodified tomato or resveratrol alone indicating superior cardioprotective abilities of modified tomatoes.
authors.affiliation: C.N.R., National Council of Research, Institute of Molecular Science and Technology, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Morelli
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bertelli
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bollini
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lo Scalzo
authors.forename: D K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Das
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Falchi
mesh_terms: D000217:Acyltransferases / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D017209:Apoptosis; D004032:Diet; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D018551:Solanum lycopersicum / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D009206:Myocardium / Q000473:pathology*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000473:pathology; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D005609:Free Radicals; D013267:Stilbenes; D000217:Acyltransferases; C022674:stilbene synthase; D000077185:Resveratrol