Kinetics of antiviral CD8 T cell responses during primary and post-vaccination secondary bovine respiratory syncytial virus infection.
We have measured antiviral CD8 T cells responses in bovine respiratory syncytial virus (bRSV) infected calves that had been immunized with either formalin-inactivated (FI) or live-attenuated (L) bRSV, with evidence of immunopathology following challenge of calves vaccinated with FI-bRSV. In all cases, bRSV infection induced potent pulmonary CD8 T cell responses. The kinetics of the post-challenge response in L-bRSV immunized animals was accelerated compared to the FI-bRSV and PBS groups, suggesting that only the L-bRSV vaccine, and not the FI-bRSV vaccine, had primed memory T cells. The differences between primary and post-vaccination secondary infection were very minor, in terms of the proliferation status of pulmonary CD8 T cells. Functional IFN-gamma+ CD8 responses were slightly higher in the FI-bRSV vaccinated animals. Furthermore, the existence of strong IFN-gamma+ CD8 responses in FI-bRSV vaccinated animals after challenge suggests (i) that these IFN-gamma+ responses in FI-bRSV immunized animals do not protect against immunopathology, and (ii) that Th-2 biased responses during bRSV challenge after vaccination with FI-bRSV have a limited impact on the CD8 responses in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid. Thus, several response patterns (Th-l/Th-2) seem to co-exist during bRSV infection.
Antonis
Adriaan F G
AF
Animal Sciences Group, Wageningen UR, Lelystad, The Netherlands.
Claassen
Erwin A W
EA
Hensen
Evert J
EJ
de Groot
Raoul J
RJ
de Groot-Mijnes
Jolanda D F
JD
Schrijver
Remco S
RS
van der Most
Robbert G
RG
D000818:Animals; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D002417:Cattle; D002465:Cell Movement; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008168:Lung / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D018357:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Infections / Q000276:immunology*; D022261:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D018112:Respiratory Syncytial Virus, Bovine / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination
D022261:Respiratory Syncytial Virus Vaccines; D007371:Interferon-gamma