title: Influence of atrial fibrillation on cardiac brain natriuretic peptide release during haemodynamic stress in heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The determinants of release of brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) in heart failure (HF) are incompletely understood, particularly, the effect of heart rhythm and haemodynamic stress.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of haemodynamic stress on cardiac BNP release in HF and differentiate this response for atrial fibrillation (AF) and sinus rhythm (SR).
  
  
  METHODS
  In 18 HF patients (ejection fraction<40%, 9 in AF and 9 in SR) haemodynamics and BNP levels were measured from arterial and coronary sinus samples at baseline, after 10 min of 20 degrees passive head up tilt (HUT) and after 10 min of isometric handgrip (IHG) exercise. From these data, we calculated a transcardiac BNP gradient and compared results between the AF and SR cohort.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During haemodynamic stress in both groups, there were no significance differences in left sided filling pressures. At baseline, there were no differences in BNP measurements between the SR and AF group. The transcardiac BNP gradient increased significantly in the SR (p=0.02) but not the AF cohort, after HUT. During IHG exercise, there was a significant decrease in cardiac BNP release in the AF cohort (p=0.03) but not the SR cohort.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data imply in HF, cardiac rhythm influences cardiac BNP release in response to haemodynamic stress.
authors.affiliation: Baker Heart Research Institute, Wynn Department of Metabolic Cardiology, PO Box 6492, St. Kilda Road Central, Melbourne Victoria 8008, Australia.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Gould
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: D'Agostino
authors.forename: H G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Kaye
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000378:metabolism*; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000378:metabolism*; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D011187:Posture
chemical_list: D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain