title: Meta-analysis of randomized clinical trials comparing drainage alone vs primary sphincter-cutting procedures for anorectal abscess-fistula.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Concurrent definitive treatment of underlying fistulas from infected anal glands at the time when the anorectal abscesses are drained is controversial as this is associated with a higher incidence of faecal incontinence, failure and recurrence. This meta-analysis was conducted to determine the merits of drainage alone vs primary sphincter-cutting procedures (which includes fistulotomy and fistulectomy) for anorectal abscess-fistula.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medline, Embase and Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials database searches identified all randomized controlled trials using the keywords: anorectal abscess, anal sepsis, drainage, fistulotomy, fistulectomy or surgery from 1966 to 2004. The outcome variables analysed were recurrence, faecal continence and wound-healing times.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five trials were considered suitable for the meta-analysis, with a total of 405 patients. Sphincter-cutting procedures for anorectal abscesses resulted in 83% reduction in recurrence rate [relative risk (RR) 0.17, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.09-0.32, p<0.001]. However, there was a tendency to a higher risk of faecal incontinence to flatus and soiling when primary sphincter-cutting procedure was performed (RR 2.46, 95% CI 0.75-8.06, p=0.140).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  There is no conclusive evidence if simple drainage or sphincter-cutting procedure is better in the treatment of anorectal abscess-fistula.
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Outram Road, Singapore, 169608, Republic of Singapore.
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Quah
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Eu
authors.forename: S Y E
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Samuel
mesh_terms: D001003:Anal Canal / Q000601:surgery*; D004322:Drainage / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D012003:Rectal Fistula / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome