title: Protective effect of nitric oxide pathway in resveratrol renal ischemia-reperfusion injury in rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nitric oxide (NO), synthesized from L-arginine by the enzyme nitric oxide synthase (NOS), seems to play an ambiguous role during tissue ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury. This study was designed to investigate the effects of resveratrol, a polyphenolic phytoalexin, in renal ischemia reperfusion (RIR) injury in rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight rats were randomized into six groups. Group 1: sham operated (C); group 2: right nephrectomy (UNI); group 3: UNI + 45 min of ischemia and 24 h of reperfusion in the contralateral kidney; group 4: UNI + RIR + L-NAME (10 mg/kg, i.p.); group 5: UNI + RIR + resveratrol (5 mg/kg, p.o.); group 6: UNI + RIR + resveratrol + L-NAME. At the end of the reperfusion period, rats were sacrificed. Thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, catalase (CAT), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities were determined in renal tissue. Serum creatinine and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) were measured for the evaluation of renal function. Tissue and urine nitrite levels were measured to assess total nitric oxide levels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ischemic control animals demonstrated severe deterioration of renal function, altered renal morphology, reduced total nitric oxide levels and a marked renal oxidative stress.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pretreatment of animals with resveratrol markedly attenuated renal dysfunction, morphological alterations, improved nitric oxide levels, reduced elevated TBARS levels and restored the depleted renal antioxidant enzymes, However, treatment with L-NAME attenuated this protection afforded by resveratrol indicating that resveratrol exerts its protective effect through NO release.
authors.affiliation: Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, India.
authors.forename: Vikas
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chander
authors.forename: Kanwaljit
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Chopra
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000077185:Resveratrol; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D013267:Stilbenes; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D019001:Nitric Oxide Synthase; D000077185:Resveratrol; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester