title: Disseminated toxoplasmosis resulting in graft failure in a cord blood stem cell transplant recipient.
abstract: Toxoplasmosis is an infrequent infection with a high mortality rate in hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients, and is usually caused by reactivation of prior, latent infection upon intensive immunosuppression. We report a case of fatal disseminated toxoplasmosis, diagnosed at autopsy, in a 7-year-old boy who received a cord blood graft for recurrent acute lymphoblastic leukemia. This case represents both the first reported case of toxoplasmosis in an engrafted cord blood recipient, and also of graft failure due to toxoplasmosis. Recommendations for toxoplasmosis diagnosis, treatment, and prophylaxis in stem cell transplant recipients are reviewed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Stem Cell Transplantation Program, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, USA.
authors.forename: W Scott
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Goebel
authors.forename: James H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Conway
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Faught
authors.forename: Saeed T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Vakili
authors.forename: Paul R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Haut
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D036101:Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000628:therapy; D014123:Toxoplasmosis / Q000150:complications*