title: [Effects of residues of organochlorine pesticides on reproductive endocrine in human].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore effects of residues of organochlorine pesticides on reproductive endocrine in human.
  
  
  METHODS
  The accumulative levels of the pesticides in the pregnant women's venous blood were determined and were grouped to understand the associations among the pesticides, hormones, and genes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) With the increase of blood burden of organochlorine pesticides, levels of the hormones such as follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), estradiol (E2) and progesterone (P) in the maternal blood and FSH, luteinizing hormone (LH) and E2 in the umbilical cord blood increased in dose-effect manner, respectively. However, the hormones, for example, LH in the women blood and P in the cords blood decreased respectively with the rising pesticides' levels and an obvious dose-effect relationship was found. (2) The expressional abundances of alpha-estrogen receptor (alpha-ER), beta-endorphin (beta-EP) and gonadotropin releasing hormone (GnRH) in the placentae and alpha-ER and beta-EP in the cord tissues went up respectively in dose-effect manner following the rising pesticides' burdens. (3) The times of the previous adverse pregnancy outcomes increased with the increase of the residues' burdens and there were significant differences between the control and various residue groups, but the times in the high-residue was smaller than that in the mid-residue group (P < 0.01). The average weights of the newborn in various residue groups were heavier comparing to the control. There was no significant difference between the high residue group and the control. However, significances existed among the low, intermediate, and control group (P < 0.05). Moreover, the rank from high to low was the low-residue, mid-residue and high residue group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The residues of organochlorine pesticides (DDT and BHC and their metabolites) possess reproductive and developmental toxicities, and present mostly the estrogenic activity under the joint exposure in which the total BHC concentration was higher than that of the total DDT in maternal blood.
authors.affiliation: School of Public Health, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
authors.forename: Guo-Hong
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Ke-Di
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xi-Ping
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Qi-Fa
authors.initials: QF
authors.lastname: Qin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000097:blood; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D006843:Hydrocarbons, Chlorinated; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D004958:Estradiol; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone