title: Krüppel-like zinc finger protein Gli-similar 2 (Glis2) represses transcription through interaction with C-terminal binding protein 1 (CtBP1).
abstract: Glis2 is a member of the Gli-similar (Glis) subfamily of Krüppel-like zinc finger transcription factors. It functions as an activator and repressor of gene transcription. To identify potential co-activators or co-repressors that mediate these actions of Glis2, we performed yeast two-hybrid analysis using Glis2 as bait. C-terminal binding protein 1 (CtBP1) was identified as one of the proteins that interact with Glis2. This interaction was confirmed by mammalian two-hybrid analysis. CtBP1 did not interact with other members of the Glis subfamily suggesting that this interaction is specific for Glis2. Pulldown analysis with GST-CtBP1 demonstrated that CtBP1 physically interacts with Glis2. Analysis of CtBP1 and Glis2 deletion mutants identified several regions important for this interaction. CtBP1 repressed transcriptional activation induced by Glis2(1-171). Repression by Glis2 appears to involve the recruitment of both CtBP1 and histone deacetylase 3 (HDAC3). Confocal microscopic analysis demonstrated that Glis2 localized to nuclear speckles while in most cells CtBP1 was found diffusely in both cytoplasm and nucleus. However, when CtBP1 and Glis2 were co-expressed, CtBP1 was restricted to nuclear speckles and co-localized with Glis2. Our observations suggest that the co-repressor CtBP1 and HDAC3 are part of transcription silencing complex that mediates the transcriptional repression by Glis2.
authors.affiliation: Cell Biology Section, Division of Intramural Research, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, National Institutes of Health, Research Triangle Park, NC 27709, USA.
authors.forename: Seong-Chul
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yong-Sik
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Anton M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Jetten
mesh_terms: D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000737:chemistry; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D020868:Gene Silencing; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000378:metabolism; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques; D000099186:Histone Deacetylase 3
chemical_list: D000429:Alcohol Oxidoreductases; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D051741:Kruppel-Like Transcription Factors; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D000099186:Histone Deacetylase 3; C096794:C-terminal binding protein