title: Diagnostic usefulness of endometrial aspiration cytology for endometrial cancer cases with normal curettage findings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether endometrial aspiration cytology is useful for endometrial cancer cases with normal endometrial curettage findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eleven cases in which endometrial cancer could be detected by endometrial aspiration cytology but not endometrial curettage were classified into 2 groups by cancer locus, on the endometrial surface (A) or in the myometrium (B). A clinicopathologic and cytologic analysis was performed to compare the 2 groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five cases had cancer lesions localized at the fundus and one at the isthmus (group A). The other 5 had lesions localized in the myometrium (group B). The myometrium invasion was beyond half the myometrium in group B and within half in group A. It required > 2 cytologic examinations for a definitive diagnosis in 33.3% of group A and 80.0% of group B. The endometrial cytology differed clearly between the groups: large clusters of malignant cells with a dirty background (group A) vs. small clusters with a clean background (group B). The log-rank test revealed that group B had significantly poorer prognoses than did group A despite nearly the same rate of stage I/II cases in the 2 groups (p = 0.004).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endometrial aspiration cytology was useful for endometrial cancer cases with normal curettage findings as part of early detection. However, the cytologic diagnosis did not indicate good prognoses in the cases of cancer localized in the myometrium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology, Saitama Cancer Center, Japan. kkawana-tky@umin.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawana
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Haruko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jimbo
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shirai
authors.forename: Michiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Yusaku
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shiromizu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001707:Biopsy, Needle / Q000592:standards; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000473:pathology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003951:Diagnostic Errors / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D004717:Endometrium / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009215:Myometrium / Q000473:pathology*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D015996:Survival Rate