title: Activity of five quinolones, three macrolides and telithromycin against 12 Haemophilus influenzae strains with different resistance phenotypes.
abstract: Gemifloxacin MICs for 12 Haemophilus influenzae strains with different resistance phenotypes were 0.001-0.015 mg/L. Gemifloxacin was bactericidal against all 12 strains after 24 h at 2 x MIC. Ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, gatifloxacin and moxifloxacin had MICs of 0.008-0.03 mg/L and similar kill kinetics. Macrolides and telithromycin had unimodal MICs (1.0-8.0 mg/L), except for two strains without efflux systems (0.0125-0.5 mg/L) and two with efflux systems and ribosomal protein mutations (> 64.0 mg/L), and were bactericidal against eight to ten strains tested at 2 x MIC after 24 h.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Hershey Medical Center, Hershey, PA 17033, USA.
authors.forename: G A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Pankuch
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Appelbaum
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D006193:Haemophilus influenzae / Q000187:drug effects*; D048628:Ketolides / Q000494:pharmacology; D018942:Macrolides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010641:Phenotype; D015363:Quinolones / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D048628:Ketolides; D018942:Macrolides; D015363:Quinolones; C106791:telithromycin