title: Antimicrobial activity and main chemical composition of two smoke condensates from Peganum harmala seeds.
abstract: The smoke of Peganum harmala seeds is traditionally used in Iran as a disinfectant agent. The aim of this study was to determine the antimicrobial activity of two smoke condensates from Peganum harmala seeds. Furthermore the composition of smoke preparations was studied using gas chromatography and mass spectroscopy analysis. The most prevalent compound detected in a dichloromethane extract was harmine. Standard harmine as well as the dichloromethane extract showed antimicrobial activity against all test strains. Harmine was not detected in an n-hexane extract and we did not observe antimicrobial activity from this smoke preparation at the tested concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Iran. shahverd@sina.tums.ac.ir
authors.forename: Ahmad R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Shahverdi
authors.forename: Hamid R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Monsef-Esfahani
authors.forename: Bahman
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Nickavar
authors.forename: Lila
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bitarafan
authors.forename: Samira
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Khodaee
authors.forename: Narges
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Khoshakhlagh
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001234:Aspergillus niger / Q000187:drug effects; D001419:Bacteria / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000187:drug effects; D003455:Cryptococcus neoformans / Q000187:drug effects; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D007492:Iran; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D032443:Peganum / Q000737:chemistry*; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D012906:Smoke / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000935:Antifungal Agents; D004202:Disinfectants; D012906:Smoke