title: Functioning paraganglioma and gastrointestinal stromal tumor of the jejunum in three women: syndrome or coincidence.
abstract: Functioning paraganglioma and gastrointestinal stromal tumor (GIST) are uncommon tumors that occur mostly in a sporadic and isolated form, occasionally as components of multiple neoplasia syndromes, either separately or together. Separately, they occur in several inherited syndromes including multiple endocrine neoplasia 2, and the GIST, lentigines, and mast cell tumor syndrome. Together, they are variably prominent components of three syndromes: the familial paraganglioma and gastric GIST syndrome, neurofibromatosis type 1, and the Carney triad. The two former conditions are inherited as autosomal dominant traits; the latter does not appear to be inherited and affects young women predominantly. This article reports the nonfamilial occurrence of functioning paraganglioma and GIST of the jejunum in 3 women, 1 young (22 years) at initial presentation. The occurrences were unexpected because of the infrequency of the tumors. The neoplasms, respectively, did not show germline SDHA, SDHB, SDHC, and SDHD, and KIT mutations associated with familial paraganglioma and familial GIST. The paraganglioma-jejunal GIST combination may be the harbinger of a rare genetic syndrome, a variant of the Carney triad or the paraganglioma-gastric stromal sarcoma syndrome, or be coincidental.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine (Endocrinology), Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Colin G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Perry
authors.forename: William F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Sarah R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: McWhinney
authors.forename: Thalia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bei
authors.forename: Sotirios
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Stergiopoulos
authors.forename: Ryan A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Knudson
authors.forename: Rhett P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Ketterling
authors.forename: Charis
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Eng
authors.forename: Constantine A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Stratakis
authors.forename: J Aidan
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Carney
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D046152:Gastrointestinal Stromal Tumors / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D007580:Jejunal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009378:Neoplasms, Multiple Primary / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010235:Paraganglioma / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011247:Pregnancy