Diagnosis of insulin resistance and associated syndromes: the spectrum from the metabolic syndrome to type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Insulin resistance is a common underlying physiologic abnormality associated with central obesity, type 2 diabetes and cardiovascular disease. Clinically, its hallmark markers of hypertension, glucose intolerance and dyslipidemia have been grouped into associated syndromes of insulin resistance. Insulin resistance is now considered a useful marker of clinical risk and a target for therapeutic intervention. While the criteria for diagnosis of syndromes related to insulin resistance have been established, the clinical diagnosis of insulin resistance remains a significant challenge. As more clinicians focus on the management of insulin resistance in patients with cardiovascular disease, type 2 diabetes and other syndromes of insulin resistance, its diagnosis will take on increasing importance. This review focuses on the current definition and diagnosis of insulin resistance and associated syndromes.
Simonson
Gregg D
GD
International Diabetes Center, Park Nicollet, Minneapolis, Minnesota 55416-2699, USA. Gregg.simonson@ParkNicollet.com
Kendall
David M
DM
D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism
D007328:Insulin