title: Longitudinal improvements in communication and socialization of deaf children with cochlear implants and hearing aids: evidence from parental reports.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Research has shown that the cochlear implant may improve deaf children's speech and communication skills. However, little is known about its effect on children's ability to socialize with hearing peers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a standardized psychological measure completed by parents and a longitudinal design, this study examined the development of communication, socialization, and daily living skills of children who used hearing aids or cochlear implants for an average of 11 and 6 years, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results show that children with cochlear implants, who were more delayed than children with hearing aids at the outset, made significant progress over time. Children with both devices achieved age-appropriate development after years of hearing aid or cochlear implant use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The pattern of results suggests that cochlear implants may be effective in improving deaf children's communication and social skills.
authors.affiliation: New York University School of Medicine, NYU Child Study Center, New York, NY 10016, USA. yael.bat-chava@med.nyu.edu
authors.forename: Yael
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Bat-Chava
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Joseph G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Kosciw
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living / Q000145:classification / Q000523:psychology; D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003054:Cochlear Implants / Q000523:psychology*; D003142:Communication; D003638:Deafness / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D006310:Hearing Aids / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007805:Language Development Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008282:Mainstreaming, Education; D008297:Male; D010552:Personality Assessment; D012917:Social Adjustment; D012951:Socialization; D013064:Speech Disorders / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation