DCs and cytokines cooperate for the induction of tregs.
Regulatory T cells (Treg) in broader terms consist of different subsets of T cells that are characterized by their ability to suppress proliferation of conventional effector T cells by various means. To date, three main groups of Treg can de distinguished, mainly by their functional properties (for review see Jonuleit and Schmitt 2003) Briefly, T regulatory (Tr)-1 cells as well as T helper (Th)-3 T cells express common T cell markers such as CD4 and are characterized by secretion of IL-10 and TGF-beta, which provides a means by which proliferation of conventional CD4+ cells is blocked. In contrast, genuine Treg that are characterized by their expression of CD25 block T cell proliferation by an unknown cell-to-cell contact-dependent mechanism. However, there are many overlapping features shared by the different subtypes of regulatory T cell and the common denominator is the production of regulatory cytokines such as IL-10 and TGF-beta.
Enk
A H
AH
Department of Dermatology, University of Heidelberg, Germany. Alexander.enk@med.uni-heidelberg.de
D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology*; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology*; D007108:Immune Tolerance / Q000502:physiology; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D050378:T-Lymphocytes, Regulatory / Q000276:immunology*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000276:immunology; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000276:immunology
D016207:Cytokines; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D016753:Interleukin-10