title: Complications in treating chronic hepatitis B in patients with HIV.
abstract: The management of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) poses specific problems in the presence of HIV infection, as therapeutic approaches have to consider both HBV and HIV. There are currently four drugs approved for the treatment of chronic HBV: IFN-alpha, lamivudine, adefovir and entecavir. Furthermore, the dual antiviral activity against HIV and HBV of antiretrovirals such as tenofovir and emtricitabine broadens the armamentarium against HBV in the HIV-coinfected population. Nucleotide analogues adefovir and tenofovir have the advantage of a higher genetic barrier for resistance when compared with the nucleoside analogues lamivudine and emtricitabine. Fortunately, the two families do not share resistance mutations, allowing salvage therapy and the consideration of combination therapy for drug-naive individuals. Although response to IFN-alpha is poorer in HBV/HIV-coinfected patients compared with HBV-monoinfected individuals, the more potent pegylated forms of IFN-alpha have brought new hopes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases, Hospital Carlos III, Calle Sinesio Delgado 10, 28029 Madrid, Spain. vsoriano@dragonet.es
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Soriano
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nuñez
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sheldon
authors.forename: Belen
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garcia-Samaniego
authors.forename: Luz
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Martín-Carbonero
authors.forename: Ivana
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Maida
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Lahoz
mesh_terms: D019468:Disease Management; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans