title: EZH2 expression is associated with high proliferation rate and aggressive tumor subgroups in cutaneous melanoma and cancers of the endometrium, prostate, and breast.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  EZH2 is a member of the polycomb group of genes and important in cell cycle regulation. Increased expression of EZH2 has been associated previously with invasive growth and aggressive clinical behavior in prostate and breast cancer, but the relationship with tumor cell proliferation has not been examined in human tumors. The purpose of this study was to validate previous findings in a population-based setting, also including tumors that have not been studied previously.
  
  
  METHODS
  In our study of nearly 700 patients, we examined EZH2 expression and its association with tumor cell proliferation and other tumor markers, clinical features, and prognosis in cutaneous melanoma and cancers of the endometrium, prostate, and breast.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Strong EZH2 expression was associated with increased tumor cell proliferation in all four cancer types. Associations were also found between EZH2 and important clinicopathologic variables. EZH2 expression showed significant prognostic impact in melanoma, prostate, and endometrial carcinoma in univariate survival analyses, and revealed independent prognostic importance in carcinoma of the endometrium and prostate. CONCLUSION Our findings point at EZH2 as a novel and independent prognostic marker in endometrial cancer, and validate previous findings on prostate and breast cancer. Further, EZH2 expression was associated with features of aggressive cutaneous melanoma. The fact that EZH2 might identify increased tumor cell proliferation and aggressive subgroups in several cancers may be of practical interest because the polycomb group proteins have been suggested as candidates for targeted therapy. EZH2 expression should, therefore, be further examined as a possible predictive factor.
authors.affiliation: Gade Institute, Section of Pathology, Bergen, Norway.
authors.forename: Ingeborg M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Bachmann
authors.forename: Ole J
authors.initials: OJ
authors.lastname: Halvorsen
authors.forename: Karin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Collett
authors.forename: Ingunn M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Stefansson
authors.forename: Oddbjørn
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Straume
authors.forename: Svein A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Haukaas
authors.forename: Helga B
authors.initials: HB
authors.lastname: Salvesen
authors.forename: Arie P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Otte
authors.forename: Lars A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Akslen
mesh_terms: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D016889:Endometrial Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D000071221:Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D063151:Polycomb Repressive Complex 2; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D014157:Transcription Factors; C498409:EZH2 protein, human; D000071221:Enhancer of Zeste Homolog 2 Protein; D063151:Polycomb Repressive Complex 2