title: Comparison of three pharmaceutical products obtained from Mexico and the United States: a case study.
abstract: In recent years, there has been much debate concerning the relative pros and cons of purchasing medications from foreign markets such as Mexico and Canada. The following study compares the content uniformity and weight variation for three medicinal products, acquired from pharmacies in both Mexico and the United States: amoxicillin capsules (500 mg), amoxicillin/clavulanic acid suspension (400 mg and 57 mg/5 mL, respectively), and furosemide tablets (40 mg). Twenty capsules/tablets were individually weighed and a designated aliquot was taken. Following dissolution in an appropriate solvent and sonication, a sample was taken and analyzed via high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The suspensions were prepared according to directions on the label. Five samples of the suspensions were then taken and analyzed via an appropriate HPLC method. The content uniformity for the amoxicillin capsules was found to be 15.4 +/- 2.4% and 99.4 +/- 9.3%, for Mexican and U.S. capsules, respectively. The percent relative standard deviation (% RSD) for weight variation was found to be 8.7% and 1.5% for capsules obtained from Mexico and the United States, respectively. Content uniformity analysis for the Mexican suspension product resulted in an average of 85.5 +/- 1.2% for amoxicillin and 98.6 +/- 1.9% for the clavulanic acid content, while the results for the U.S. suspension product were 104.4 +/- 3.1% and 117.8 +/- 3.6% for amoxicillin and clavulanic acid, respectively. Content uniformity for the furosemide tablets was found to be 90.3 +/- 4.8% and 95.6 +/- 2.1% for Mexican and U.S. tablets, respectively. The % RSD of weight variation for the Mexican tablets was 2.1%, while the % RSD for the U.S. tablets was found to be 1.0%. From the three products tested, content analysis revealed that the amount of active ingredients for two of the products acquired in Mexico were appreciably less than the concentrations for their U.S. counterparts.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, University of Arizona, Tucson, AZ 85721, USA. karlage@pharmacy.arizona.edu
authors.forename: Kelly L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Karlage
authors.forename: Paul B
authors.initials: PB
authors.lastname: Myrdal
mesh_terms: D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000032:analysis; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination / Q000032:analysis; D002214:Capsules; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005665:Furosemide / Q000032:analysis; D008800:Mexico; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000032:analysis / Q000592:standards*; D013535:Suspensions; D013607:Tablets; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D002214:Capsules; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D013535:Suspensions; D013607:Tablets; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; D005665:Furosemide; D000658:Amoxicillin