title: Hierarchical structure of dysfunctional beliefs in obsessive-compulsive disorder.
abstract: The Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire was developed as a comprehensive measure of dysfunctional beliefs, which cognitive models consider to be etiologically related to obsessive-compulsive disorder. Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire subscales tend to be highly correlated, which raises the question of whether obsessive-compulsive-related beliefs are hierarchically structured, consisting of lower-order factors loading on 1 or more higher-order factors. To investigate the nature and relative importance of these factors, a hierarchical factor analysis was conducted (n = 202 obsessive-compulsive disorder patients), using a Schmid-Leiman transformation. Results indicated a higher-order (general factor) and 3 lower-order factors: (i) responsibility and overestimation of threat, (ii) perfectionism and intolerance of uncertainty and (iii) importance and control of thoughts. The high-order factor accounted for more variance in Obsessive Beliefs Questionnaire scores (22%) than did the lower-order factors (6-7%), thereby underscoring the importance of the higher-order factor. Despite the importance of the higher-order factor, the lower-order factors significantly predicted unique variance in measures of obsessive-compulsive symptoms, including severity ratings of compulsions. These finding suggest that cognitive models of obsessive-compulsive disorder should take into consideration the hierarchic structure of obsessive-compulsive-related beliefs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada. fn4@soton.ac.uk
authors.forename: Steven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Dean
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: McKay
authors.forename: Jonathan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Abramowitz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D003469:Culture; D005163:Factor Analysis, Statistical; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009771:Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D010555:Personality Inventory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011594:Psychometrics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data