title: Arthroscopic treatment of anterior ankle impingement syndrome in dancers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the results of arthroscopic treatment of anterior bony and soft-tissue impingement of the ankle in elite dancers.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study is a case series retrospectively reviewed. In the period between 1990 and 1999, 11 elite dancers (12 ankles) had ankle arthroscopy after a diagnosis of anterior ankle impingement that markedly interfered with their dancing. Initial nonoperative treatment failed in all subjects. Previous ankle trauma was noted in all subjects. There were seven women and four men (average age 28 years). Tibiotalar exostoses were radiographically noted in six ankles. Standard anteromedial and anterolateral arthroscopic portals and instrumentation were used for resection of bone spurs and debridement of impinging soft tissues. Patients were nonweightbearing for 5 days after surgery and had postoperative physiotherapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine dancers returned to full dance activity at an average of 7 weeks after surgery. One patient did not return to dance performance because of concurrent unrelated orthopaedic problems, but he resumed work as a dance teacher; he developed a recurrent anterior tibial spur that was successfully resected at a second arthroscopy 9 years later. Another dancer developed postoperative scar-tissue impingement and stiffness; she had a repeat arthroscopy 4 months after the initial procedure and subsequently returned to dance performance. All patients eventually had marked postoperative improvement in pain relief and dance performance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Arthroscopic debridement is an effective method for the treatment of bony and soft-tissue anterior ankle impingement syndrome in dancers and has minimal morbidity.
authors.affiliation: Hull Royal Infirmary, Hull, East Yorkshire, UK.
authors.forename: Aneel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nihal
authors.forename: Donald J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: Elly
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Trepman
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000601:surgery*; D001182:Arthroscopy; D003615:Dancing / Q000293:injuries*; D003646:Debridement / Q000379:methods; D005096:Exostoses / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013577:Syndrome