title: Photographic appraisal of crystal lattice growth technique.
abstract: Concept of creating mechanical retention for bonding through crystal growth has been successfully achieved in the present study. By using polyacrylic acid, sulphated with sulphuric acid as etchant, abundant crystal growth was demonstrated. Keeping in view the obvious benefits of crystal growth technique, the present SEM study was aimed to observe and compare the changes brought about by different etching agents (phosphoric acid, polyacrylic acid and polyacrylic acid sulphated) and to evaluate their advantages and disadvantages in an attempt to reduce iatrogenic trauma caused due to surface enamel alteration. Control and experimental groups were made of 24 and 30 premolars, respectively, for scanning electron microscopic appraisal of normal unetched and etched enamel surface and fracture site and finished surface evaluation. When compared with conventional phosphoric acid and weaker polyacrylic acid, investigations indicated that crystal growth treatment on enamel surface caused minimal iatrogenic trauma and surface alteration were restored to the original untreated condition to a large extent.
authors.affiliation: Kothiwal Dental College and Research Centre, Moradabad, India.
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Kapoor
authors.forename: D V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Mahendru
authors.forename: V P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tandon
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D002133:Calcium Sulfate / Q000737:chemistry; D003460:Crystallization; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D017005:Dental Debonding / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006801:Humans; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D023861:Photography, Dental; D013464:Sulfuric Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000180:Acrylic Resins; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D013464:Sulfuric Acids; C006903:carbopol 940; C030242:phosphoric acid; C033158:sulfuric acid; D002133:Calcium Sulfate