title: The extracellular proteome of Bacillus licheniformis grown in different media and under different nutrient starvation conditions.
abstract: The now finished genome sequence of Bacillus licheniformis DSM 13 allows the prediction of the genes involved in protein secretion into the extracellular environment as well as the prediction of the proteins which are translocated. From the sequence 296 proteins were predicted to contain an N-terminal signal peptide directing most of them to the Sec system, the main transport system in Gram-positive bacteria. Using 2-DE the extracellular proteome of B. licheniformis grown in different media was studied. From the approximately 200 spots visible on the gels, 89 were identified that either contain an N-terminal signal sequence or are known to be secreted by other mechanisms than the Sec pathway. The extracellular proteome of B. licheniformis includes proteins from different functional classes, like enzymes for the degradation of various macromolecules, proteins involved in cell wall turnover, flagellum- and phage-related proteins and some proteins of yet unknown function. Protein secretion is highest during stationary growth phase. Furthermore, cells grown in complex medium secrete considerably higher protein amounts than cells grown in minimal medium. Limitation of phosphate, carbon and nitrogen sources results in the secretion of specific proteins that may be involved in counteracting the starvation.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Mikrobiologie, Ernst-Moritz-Arndt Universität, Friedrich Ludwig Jahn Strasse 15, 17487 Greifswald, Germany. birgit.voigt@uni-greifswald.de
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Voigt
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schweder
authors.forename: Mark J J B
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Sibbald
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Albrecht
authors.forename: Armin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ehrenreich
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bernhardt
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Feesche
authors.forename: Karl-Heinz
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Maurer
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gottschalk
authors.forename: Jan Maarten
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: van Dijl
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hecker
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D001407:Bacillus / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D003470:Culture Media; D015180:Electrophoresis, Gel, Two-Dimensional; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D020543:Proteome
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D003470:Culture Media; D010710:Phosphates; D020543:Proteome; D005947:Glucose; D009584:Nitrogen