title: Adjuvant chemotherapy for bladder cancer.
abstract: Radical cystectomy is a standard treatment for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer. The presence of occult micrometastatic disease is responsible for both local and distant failure after radical surgery. Postoperative administration of chemotherapy in bladder cancer patients can theoretically give the same survival advantage demonstrated in patients with breast and colon cancer. Studies evaluating adjuvant chemotherapy in patients with pT3-pT4 and/or pN+ M0 disease have major deficiencies in terms of sample sizes, early stopping of patient entry, statistical analyses, reporting of results and drawing conclusions. A recent meta-analysis including all previously published randomized trials concludes that, currently, there is insufficient evidence to reliably recommend adjuvant chemotherapy. The results of appropriately sized randomized trials are needed before any definitive conclusions can be drawn.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, San Camillo and Forlanini Hospitals, Nuovi Padiglioni IV Floor, Circonvallazione Gianicolense 87, 00152 Rome, Italy. cstern@mclink.it
authors.forename: Cora N
authors.initials: CN
authors.lastname: Sternberg
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Calabró
mesh_terms: D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D015653:Cystectomy; D006801:Humans; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D013534:Survival; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery