title: Impact of etiology on the painful early stage of chronic pancreatitis: a long-term prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This prospective study aimed to investigate the impact of etiology on the pain profile in relation to alterations of function and morphology from early to advanced chronic pancreatitis (CP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Our mixed medico-surgical cohort comprised 265 patients with alcoholic (ACP), 21 with idiopathic "juvenile" (IJCP), 46 with idiopathic "senile" (ISCP) and 11 with hereditary CP (HPCP). The patients were followed regularly from onset of disease according to the protocol published previously.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Males predominated in ACP, IJCP, ISCP (> 71%) but not in HP (46%). Age at onset (median) was 10, 23, 36 and 62 years in HP, IJCP, ACP and ISCP, respectively. Follow-up from disease onset ranged from 14 to 36 years. The progression to late-stage CP, documented by exocrine insufficiency (86-100%) and calcification (80-91%) lasted 2 to 5-fold longer in HP/IJCP compared to ACP. Early stage CP, characterized by recurrent pancreatitis prevailed in > or = 90% of patients, except for those with ISCP (48%), and lasted up to 5-fold longer in HP/IJCP compared to ACP. Surgery for severe pain was required for ACP/IJCP in 57% of the patients compared to < 27% in HP/ISCP. Permanent pain relief regularly occurred in late-stage CP irrespective of etiology and surgery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clinical profile of the 4 "etiological" subgroups is predictably different in the painful early (precalcific) CP stage.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Zürich, Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Schweiz. beat.muelhaupt@dim.usz.de
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Müllhaupt
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Truninger
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ammann
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015897:Comorbidity; D018450:Disease Progression; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality*; D050500:Pancreatitis, Chronic / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality*; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D017678:Sex Distribution; D015996:Survival Rate