title: [Analysis on direct economic burden of stroke in the rural population of Hanzhong, Shaanxi Province].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the direct economic burden of stroke in rural areas of Hanzhong.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plan on primary interview was made after the purpose of the study had been informed to the managers of the 'surveillance field base', heads and members of the monitor assistants and detailed information was collected in the fields. Every single patient of stroke was then interviewed by the above said interviewers,using a self-designed questionnaire. 164 patients with stroke were interviewed in 53 villages with 75,000 persons lived there. The main items involved in the questionnaire would include: costs for inpatient or outpatient, reaching-out fees, fee for accommodation during treatment as outpatient, costs for treatment at home, long term medicine, caregivers and funerals as well as average income.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median of annual direct economic burden was 3100 Yuan for each patient in Hanzhong rural area. There were no significant differences seen between males and females or among age groups (P > 0.05). The proportion of patients with medians of annual direct economic burden of: 1000 Yuan and below, 1001-5000 Yuan, 5001-10,000 Yuan, 10,001-20,000 Yuan and over 20,001 Yuan, were 29.2%, 36.0%, 18.3%, 9.8% and 6.0% respectively. The median of annual direct economic burden of first episode stroke was 5500 Yuan for each patient, and that of stroke was 1700 Yuan for each chronic patient. The direct economic burden of first episode was significantly higher than that of stroke (P < 0.01). The costs of hospitalization, accommodation of hospitalization and treatment at home of middle-aged patients were significant higher than that of old age patients (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study, the direct economic burden of stroke was 2.9 times of the annual personal average income, which was contrary to the reports from other countries. However, the State Health Bureau bore 87.1% of the direct economic burden for urban patients, but patients in the rural areas had to pay from their own pockets. The direct economic burden of stroke was heavy in Hanzhong rural region, which called for measures to be made to decrease the direct economic burden of stroke in the region.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi' an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Yong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Juan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: De-zhong
authors.initials: DZ
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Ji-xin
authors.initials: JX
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Jian-hui
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Yong-ping
authors.initials: YP
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Jiu-yi
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D002681:China; D017281:Cost of Illness; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012424:Rural Population / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D017678:Sex Distribution; D020521:Stroke / Q000191:economics*