title: Histoplasmosis infection in Spanish travelers to Latin America.
abstract: The aim of the study presented here was to assess the incidence of histoplasma infection in a cohort of 342 individuals in Spain who had traveled to Latin America for the first time. The histoplasmin skin test was positive in 20% of the travelers, and Central America posed a higher risk for infection than South America (p=0.013). Sleeping outdoors (p=0.031) and the duration of travel (p=0.016) were also identified as significant risk factors. Serological testing demonstrated poor overall sensitivity for detecting infection in the travelers, but for the symptomatic acute cases the results were improved. Histoplasmosis must be considered in patients presenting with fever (odds ratio=3.51 [1.52-8.12]) or cough (odds ratio=4.24 [1.32-13.58]) after visiting Latin America. The results of this study have public health implications and indicate the risks of acquiring histoplasmosis should be included in pre-travel counseling.
authors.affiliation: International Health Centre, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clinic Barcelona, c/ Villarroel 170, 08036, Barcelona, Spain. jgascon@clinic.ub.es
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gascón
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jiménez
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mejias
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Triviño
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gobbi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Quintó
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Puig
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Corachan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006659:Histoplasmin / Q000032:analysis; D006660:Histoplasmosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D005779:Immunodiffusion / Q000379:methods; D015994:Incidence; D007841:Latex Fixation Tests / Q000379:methods; D007843:Latin America; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D012882:Skin Tests; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014195:Travel
chemical_list: D006659:Histoplasmin