title: Extracorporeal life support: history and new directions.
abstract: This commentary recounts the development of extracorporeal life support (ECLS, ECMO) from the laboratory and early clinical trials to routine clinical application. Lessons from neonatal ECMO have led to better understanding of neonatal lung physiology, improved methods of treatment, and application of ECLS to other patient populations.
authors.affiliation: Extracorporeal Life Support Program, Department of Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI 48109-0331, USA.
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Bartlett
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015199:Extracorporeal Membrane Oxygenation / Q000266:history* / Q000639:trends*; D005544:Forecasting; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D006113:United Kingdom; D014481:United States