title: Laparoscopic management of the adult nonpalpable testicle.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This report describes own experiences with laparoscopic management of adult men with cryptorchidism.
  
  
  METHODS
  8 men with nonpalpable testes were referred to our department. Laparoscopy was used to assess the presence and location of the gonad and perform an orchiectomy or orchidopexy, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A uni-/bilateral atrophic testicle was palpable in 2 patients under general anesthesia and removed after inguinal exploration. In 4 individuals the testicular vessels and vas deferens were found laparoscopically entering the internal inguinal ring. Two vanishing testicles and 2 atrophic gonads were removed during subsequent inguinal exploration. In 1 patient with a solitary testis, a morphologically intact abdominal testicle was presented. In this patient, endocrine function was lost completely after stage 1 of a Fowler-Stephens orchidopexy. In 1 patient an atrophic abdominal testicle was removed laparoscopically.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results demonstrate the suitability of laparoscopy for the treatment of cryptorchidism in the adult population. In most cases, atrophic inguinal gonads or vanishing testicles are found and should be removed. Our results suggest that in cases of intact abdominal testicles, Fowler-Stephens orchidopexy with transection of the spermatic vessels should be avoided to preserve endocrine function of the gonad.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Eberhard Karls University, Tubingen, Germany. stefan.corvin@med.uni-tuebingen.de
authors.forename: Stefan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Corvin
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Sturm
authors.forename: Aristotelis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Anastasiadis
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kuczyk
authors.forename: Arnulf
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stenzl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003456:Cryptorchidism / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000601:surgery*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009919:Orchiectomy / Q000379:methods*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018616:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Duplex