title: Allelic loss of the gene for the GPX1 selenium-containing protein is a common event in cancer.
abstract: Selenium has been shown to reduce cancer incidence in animal models and more recent data indicate that it may be protective in humans as well. However, little is known about the mechanism by which selenium prevents cancer. Cytosolic glutathione peroxidase (GPX1), a selenium-containing antioxidant enzyme, has been implicated in the development of cancer of the head and neck, lung, and breast, in part because of allelic loss at the GPX1 locus. The study of allelic loss at the GPX1 locus in colon cancer was investigated by examining loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in DNA extracted from both tumor and adjacent histopathologically normal tissue obtained by laser capture microdissection. Tissue samples were obtained from 53 colon cancer patients. Two highly polymorphic markers, alanine codon repeats and a proline-leucine polymorphism (198P/L) present in the GPX1 gene, were used to examine LOH at this locus. Analysis of both polymorphisms identified LOH at GPX1 in a significant percentage of colorectal cancer (42%). These results indicated that LOH at the GPX1 locus is a common event in cancer development and that GPX1 or other tightly linked genes may be involved in the etiology of this disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA.
authors.forename: Yajun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Richard V
authors.initials: RV
authors.lastname: Benya
authors.forename: Robert E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Carroll
authors.forename: Alan M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Diamond
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005838:Genotype; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D051140:Selenoproteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000094765:Glutathione Peroxidase GPX1
chemical_list: D051140:Selenoproteins; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D000094765:Glutathione Peroxidase GPX1; C000722067:GPX1 protein, human