title: Long-term use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs and the risk of myocardial infarction in the general population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recent data indicate that chronic use of coxibs leads to an increased occurrence of thrombotic cardiovascular events. This raises the question as to whether traditional non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (tNSAIDs) might also produce similar hazards. Our aim has been to evaluate the association between the chronic use of tNSAIDs and the risk of myocardial infarction (MI) in patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a nested case-control analysis with 4,975 cases of acute MI and 20,000 controls, frequency matched to cases by age, sex, and calendar year.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, current use of tNSAID was not associated with an increased risk of MI (RR:1.07;95%CI: 0.95-1.21). However, we found that the relative risk (RR) of MI for durations of tNSAID treatment of >1 year was 1.21 (95% CI, 1.00-1.48). The corresponding RR was 1.34 (95% CI, 1.06-1.70) for non-fatal MI. The effect was independent from dose. The small risk associated with long-term use of tNSAIDs was observed among patients not taking low-dose aspirin (RR: 1.29; 95% CI, 1.01-1.65). The effect of long-term use for individual tNSAIDs ranged from a RR of 0.87 (95% CI, 0.47-1.62) with naproxen to 1.38 (95% CI, 1.00-1.90) with diclofenac.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study adds support to the hypothesis that chronic treatment with some tNSAIDs is associated with a small increased risk of non-fatal MI. Our data are consistent with a substantial variability in cardiovascular risks between individual tNSAIDs.
authors.affiliation: Centro Español de Investigación Farmacoepidemiológica (CEIFE), Madrid, Spain. lagarcia@ceife.es
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: García Rodríguez
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: González-Pérez
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal