title: Plasma levels of soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor type I during the acute phase following complicated myocardial infarction predicts survival in high-risk patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to determine the relationship between circulating cytokine levels and clinical outcomes in patients with heart failure (HF) following acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Persistent inflammation plays a role in the development of HF, and various inflammatory cytokines predict cardiovascular events in acute coronary syndromes.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured plasma levels of interleukin (IL)-6, monocyte chemotractant protein 1, IL-10, and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor type 1 (sTNFR1) during longitudinal testing over a period of two years in 234 patients with HF following AMI recruited for participation in the OPTIMAAL trial, focusing on the possible prognostic value of circulating cytokine levels in these patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Measurement of sTNFR1 at baseline predicted all-cause mortality and cardiovascular death in patients with post-MI HF after adjustment for other biomarkers that have been shown to give prognostic information in HF patients, such as N-terminal B-type natriuretic peptide.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Assessment of sTNFR1 levels might provide important prognostic information in patients who develop HF during the acute phase following AMI.
authors.affiliation: Section of Endocrinology, National University Hospital, Oslo, Norway. thor.ueland@medisin.uio.no
authors.forename: Thor
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueland
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kjekshus
authors.forename: Stig S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Frøland
authors.forename: Torbjørn
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Omland
authors.forename: Iain B
authors.initials: IB
authors.lastname: Squire
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gullestad
authors.forename: Kenneth
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dickstein
authors.forename: Pål
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Aukrust
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002216:Captopril / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000097:blood; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality*; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D019808:Losartan / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000097:blood*; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D015850:Interleukin-6; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D002216:Captopril; D003404:Creatinine; D019808:Losartan