title: Accuracy of ECG interpretation in the pediatric emergency department.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assess accuracy of ECG interpretation and indications for obtaining ECGs and develop a clinical classification system of ECG abnormalities.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospectively acquired ECG data on patients 0 to 21 years of age and presenting to our pediatric emergency department (ED) were obtained. Clinical indications were documented. The initial ECG interpretation (pediatric ED attending physician) was compared with the criterion standard (pediatric cardiologist). A blinded cardiology panel reviewed discrepancies, and a final concordance rate was determined. An ECG abnormality classification system was developed and used to categorize these abnormal ECGs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One thousand six hundred fifty-three ECGs from 1,501 patients, aged 2 days to 21 years (median 10.0 years), were obtained during 3.5 years. Fifty-one percent were male patients. ECG indications included chest pain (21%), seizure or syncope (18%), arrhythmias (17%), apparent life-threatening event or respiratory symptoms (16%), ingestions (10%), cardiac abnormality (10%), and miscellaneous (8%). From 1,631 ECGs, 1,160 (71%) were normal (class 0), 259 (16%) were minimally abnormal (class I), 174 (11%) were moderately abnormal (class II), and 38 (2%) were severely abnormal (class III). Kendall's tau-b test showed concordance of 0.73 (95% confidence interval 0.70 to 0.77) between pediatric ED and cardiology interpretation. The sensitivity of pediatric ED interpretation was 75%, and the specificity was 98.5%. The positive predictive value of pediatric ED interpretation was 88.3%, and the negative predictive value was 96.3%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that, overall, a high rate of concordance exists between the pediatric emergency physician's and the cardiologist's ECG interpretation. The majority of discordant ECGs are not clinically significant. However, among the clinically significant ECGs, there is a higher rate of discordance. These data suggest that review of pediatric ECGs by pediatric cardiologists may significantly reduce underdetection of clinically important ECG findings in children.
authors.affiliation: Division of Emergency Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, University of Colorado, Denver and Health Sciences Center/The Children's Hospital, Denver, CO, USA. wathen.joseph@tchden.org
authors.forename: Joe E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Wathen
authors.forename: Arleta B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Rewers
authors.forename: Anji T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Yetman
authors.forename: Michael S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Schaffer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002309:Cardiology / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003120:Colorado; D004562:Electrocardiography; D004635:Emergency Medicine / Q000379:methods*; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000379:methods*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity