title: Dissolution of composition B detonation residuals.
abstract: Composition B (Comp B) detonation residuals pose environmental concern to the U.S. Army because hexahydro-1,3,5-trinitro-1,3,5-triazine (RDX), a constituent, has contaminated groundwater near training ranges. To mimic their dissolution on surface soils, we dripped water at 0.51 ml/h onto individual Comp B particles (0.1-2.0 mg) collected from the detonation of 81-mm mortars. Analyses of the effluent indicate thatthe RDX and 2,4,6-trinitrotoluene (TNT) in Comp B do not dissolve independently. Rather, the relatively slow dissolution of RDX controls dissolution of the particle as a whole by limiting the exposed area of TNT. Two dissolution models, a published steady-flow model and a drop-impingement model developed here, provide good agreementwith the data using RDX parameters for time scaling. They predict dissolution times of 6-600 rainfall days for 0.01-100 mg Comp B particles exposed to 0.55 cm/h rainfall rate. These models should bracket the flow regimes for dissolution of detonation residuals on soils, but they require additional data to validate them across the range of particle sizes and rainfall rates of interest.
authors.affiliation: U.S. Army Engineer Research and Development Center, 72 Lyme Road, Hanover, New Hampshire 03755, USA. james.h.lever@erdc.uscae.army.mil
authors.forename: J H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lever
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Perovich
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bjella
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Packer
mesh_terms: D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005107:Explosions; D012995:Solubility; D013997:Time Factors; D014227:Triazines / Q000737:chemistry*; D014481:United States; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D014227:Triazines; D014867:Water; C009160:cyclonite