title: Wnt5a expression is associated with the tumor proliferation and the stromal vascular endothelial growth factor--an expression in non-small-cell lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Wnt gene family encodes the multifunctional signaling glycoproteins. We performed the present study to investigate the clinical significance of Wnt5a expression in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred twenty-three patients with NSCLC who had undergone resection were investigated. Real-time quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was performed to evaluate the Wnt5a gene expression. Immunohistochemistry was performed to investigate the Wnt5a protein expression, the Ki-67 proliferation index, tumor angiogenesis, and the expression of beta-catenin and vascular endothelial growth factor-A (VEGF-A).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Wnt5a gene expression in squamous cell carcinoma was significantly higher than that in adenocarcinoma (P < .0001). There was a significant correlation between the normalized Wnt5a gene expression ratio and the intratumoral Wnt5a protein expression (r = 0.729; P < .0001). The intratumoral Wnt5a expression was significantly correlated with the Ki-67 proliferation index (r = 0.708; P < .0001). In contrast, no correlation was observed between the intratumoral Wnt5a expression and tumor angiogenesis. Furthermore, the intratumoral Wnt5a expression was significantly correlated with the stromal expression of beta-catenin (r = 0.729; P < .0001) and VEGF-A (r = 0.661; P < .0001). In addition, the stromal VEGF-A expression was also correlated with Ki-67 proliferation (r = 0.627; P < .0001). Cox regression analyses demonstrated Wnt5a status to be a significant prognostic factor for NSCLC patients (P = .0193), especially for patients with squamous cell carcinomas (P = .0491).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study revealed that an overexpression of Wnt5a could produce more aggressive NSCLC, especially in squamous cell carcinomas, during tumor progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Second Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, 1750-1, Miki-cho, Kita-gun, Kagawa 761-0793, Japan. chuang@kms.ac.jp
authors.forename: Cheng-Long
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Dage
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nakano
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishikawa
authors.forename: Keiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kontani
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yokomise
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ueno
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007564:Japan; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D008168:Lung / Q000098:blood supply / Q000166:cytology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D051153:Wnt Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D000071818:Wnt-5a Protein; D051176:beta Catenin / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C085389:WNT5A protein, human; D051153:Wnt Proteins; D000071818:Wnt-5a Protein; D051176:beta Catenin