title: Nuclear receptors and their coregulators in kidney.
abstract: Nuclear receptors are transcription factors that are essential in embryonic development, maintenance of differentiated cellular phenotypes, metabolism, and apoptosis. Dysfunction of nuclear receptor signaling leads to a wide spectra of proliferative, reproductive, and metabolic diseases, including cancers, infertility, obesity, and diabetes. In addition, many proteins have been identified as coregulators which can be recruited by DNA-binding nuclear receptors to affect transcriptional regulation. The cellular level of coregulators is crucial for nuclear receptor-mediated transcription and many coregulators have been shown to be targets for diverse intracellular signaling pathways and posttranslational modifications. This review provides a general overview of the roles and mechanism of action of nuclear receptors and their coregulators. Since progression of renal diseases is almost always associated with inflammatory processes and/or involve metabolic disorders of lipid and glucose, cell proliferation, hypertrophy, apoptosis, and hypertension, the importance of nuclear receptors and their coregulators in these contexts will be addressed.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Nephrology, Royal Free and University College Medical School, University College London, Royal Free Campus, Rowland Hill Street, London, United Kingdom. x.ruan@medsch.ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Xiong Z
authors.initials: XZ
authors.lastname: Ruan
authors.forename: Zac
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Varghese
authors.forename: Stephen H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Powis
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Moorhead
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000502:physiology*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology*; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear