title: Nitric oxide, adenosine deaminase, xanthine oxidase and superoxide dismutase in patients with panic disorder: alterations by antidepressant treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the present study, we aimed to investigate whether nitric oxide (NO) levels and activities of xanthine oxidase (XO), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and adenosine deaminase (ADA) are associated with Panic disorder (PD) as well as impact of psychopharmacological treatments on NO, SOD, ADA, and XO levels in PD.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, 32 patients and 20 healthy controls were included. The serum levels of NO, XO, SOD, and ADA were measured in the patients and controls. The patients were treated with antidepressant.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ADA and XO levels of the patients were significantly higher than the controls. SOD levels of the patients were significantly lower than the controls but the difference was not statistically significant. Although NO levels of the patients were higher than the controls, the difference was not statistically significant. There was no correlation between PAS and the parameters studied (SOD, ADA, XO, and NO) of the patients. After 8 weeks of antidepressant treatment, ADA and SOD activities were increased whereas NO and XO levels decreased significantly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ADA, XO activity may have a pathophysiological role in PD, and prognosis of PD. Activity of these enzymes may be used to monitor effects of the antidepressant treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Medical Faculty of Gaziantep University, Turkey. hasanherken@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Herken
authors.forename: Omer
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Akyol
authors.forename: H Ramazan
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Hamdi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tutkun
authors.forename: Haluk A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Savas
authors.forename: M Eren
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Ozen
authors.forename: Aysun
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kalenderoglu
authors.forename: Mukaddes
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gulec
mesh_terms: D000241:Adenosine / Q000097:blood*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000097:blood*; D016584:Panic Disorder / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D013057:Spectrum Analysis / Q000379:methods; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood*; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase; D000241:Adenosine