[Measurement of regional cerebral metabolism rate of glucose in patients with Alzheimer's disease in different levels of severity].
OBJECTIVE
To measure the changes of regional cerebral metabolism rate of glucose (rCMRglc) in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD) and explore their value to diagnosis of AD.


METHODS
10 patients with AD who met the diagnostic criteria of DSM-IV and 10 normal controls (NC) were assessed with (18)F-2-fluoro-deoxy-D-glucose positron emission tomography (PET).


RESULTS
The two groups were matched in age, gender and education. The mean total scores of the mini-mental status examination (MMSE) were 16.5 +/- 6.1 for AD and 28.7 +/- 1.6 for NC. The mean total memory quotient of Wechsler Memory Scales (MQ) were 32.3 +/- 19.6 for AD and 93.1 +/- 9.0 for NC. Comparing to NC, the AD groups showed statistically significant decline of rCMRglc in frontal lobe, temporal lobe and the hippocampal formation with decreased rates ranged from 3.3% to 28.4% (P < 0.05, P < 0.01). The hypo-metabolism was more salient in the regions of upper and middle frontal gyri, middle temporal gyrus, orbital gyrus and anterior cingulate gyrus, in which areas the metabolism decreased over 20% compared to NC. The hypo-metabolism was correlated to the severity of dementia. Discriminant analysis demonstrated that the variables of right inferior temporal gyrus, left upper temporal gyrus, left hippocampus and right insular lobe were entered into the discriminant functions and the total discriminant accuracy reached 100%.


CONCLUSIONS
(18)F-FDG PET is a very sensitive tool in measurement of the changes of rCMRglc in patients with AD. The findings show a frontal-temporal type of metabolism in AD patients and suggest that hypo-metabolism in hippocampal formation and temporal lobe is helpful in early detection of AD.
Xiao
Shi-fu
SF
Shanghai Mental Health Center, Shanghai 200030, China.
Cao
Qiu-yun
QY
Xue
Hai-bo
HB
Liu
Yong-chang
YC
Zuo
Chuan-tao
CT
Jiang
Kai-da
KD
Zhang
Ming-yuan
MY
D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000523:psychology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D007361:Intelligence Tests; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014055:Tomography, Emission-Computed / Q000379:methods
D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D005947:Glucose