title: Sporothrix schenckii infection presented as monoarthritis: report of two cases and review of the literature.
abstract: Septic arthritis demands early diagnosis and correct treatment if the function of the joint is to be restored. Sometimes, as in fungal infection, signs and symptoms may be mild and the diagnosis delayed. Nevertheless, the outcome of fungal arthritis is severe and usually causes joint disability. The authors report two patients with chronic monoarthritis due to Sporothrix schenckii infection diagnosed by synovial fluid cultures. Their clinical presentation, laboratory and image findings, and their treatment and follow-up are analyzed and compared to previously reported cases. These cases illustrate the differential diagnosis of monoarthritis in immunocompetent adults and picture clinical features that could lead to early diagnosis and proper treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Rheumatology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, State University of Campinas (UNICAMP), P.O. Box 6111, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil. appenzel@unicamp.br
authors.forename: Simone
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Appenzeller
authors.forename: Tiago Nardi
authors.initials: TN
authors.lastname: Amaral
authors.forename: Eliane Maria Ingrid
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Amstalden
authors.forename: Manoel Barros
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Bertolo
authors.forename: João Francisco Marques
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Neto
authors.forename: Adil Muhib
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Samara
authors.forename: Sandra Regina M
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Fernandes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001170:Arthritis, Infectious / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D006801:Humans; D017964:Itraconazole / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology; D013175:Sporothrix / Q000302:isolation & purification; D013174:Sporotrichosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D013582:Synovial Fluid / Q000382:microbiology; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D017964:Itraconazole