title: Effects of acute exercise on mood and well-being in patients with major depressive disorder.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to determine if a single bout of moderate-intensity aerobic exercise would improve mood and well-being in 40 (15 male, 25 female) individuals who were receiving treatment for major depressive disorder (MDD).
  
  
  METHODS
  All participants were randomly assigned to exercise at 60-70% of age-predicted maximal heart rate for 30 min or to a 30-min period of quiet rest. Participants completed both the Profile of Mood States (POMS) and Subjective Exercise Experiences Scale (SEES) as indicators of mood 5 min before, and 5, 30, and 60 min following their experimental condition.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both groups reported similar reductions in measures of psychological distress, depression, confusion, fatigue, tension, and anger. Only the exercise group, however, reported a significant increase in positive well-being and vigor scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although 30 min of either moderate-intensity treadmill exercise or quiet rest is sufficient to improve the mood and well-being of patients with MDD, exercise appears to have a greater effect on the positively valenced states measured.
authors.affiliation: The University of Texas at Austin, Department of Kinesiology and Health Education, Exercise Psychology Laboratory, Austin, TX 78712, USA. john.bart@mail.utexas.edu
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Bartholomew
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Morrison
authors.forename: Joseph T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Ciccolo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology*; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006694:Holistic Health; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008603:Mental Health; D008875:Middle Aged; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors