title: Differential susceptibility of equine and mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells to equine herpesvirus 1 infection.
abstract: Equine herpesvirus 1 (EHV-1) shows endotheliotropism in the central nervous system (CNS) of infected horses. However, infection of endothelial cells has not been observed in the CNS of infected mice. To explore the basis for this difference in endotheliotropism, we compared the susceptibility of equine brain microvascular endothelial cells (EBMECs) and mouse brain microvascular endothelial cells (MBMECs) to EHV-1 infection. The kinetics of viral growth in EBMECs was typical of a fully productive infection whereas viral infection in MBMECs seemed to be nonproductive. Immunofluorescence microscopy using anti-EHV-1 polyclonal antibody demonstrated viral antigen in infected EBMECs, but not infected MBMECs. EHV-1 immediate early (IE), early (ICP0), and late (gB, gD and gK) transcripts were expressed in infected EBMECs. However, none of these genes was detected in infected MBMECs by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction. Electron microscopic examination at the stage of viral entry showed that viral particles were present within uncoated vesicles in the cytoplasm of EBMECs, but absent from those of MBMECs. These results suggest that viral entry is an important determinant of the susceptibility of EBMECs and MBMECs to EHV-1 infection.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Comparative Pathology, Hokkaido University, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hasebe
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ochiai
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okazaki
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wada
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Umemura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000098:blood supply; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000821:virology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000821:virology; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D004861:Herpesvirus 1, Equid / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006734:Horse Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D006736:Horses; D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008833:Microcirculation; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D013045:Species Specificity; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D017874:Immediate-Early Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014764:Viral Proteins; C072628:herpes simplex virus IE3 protein, Human herpesvirus 1; C076117:UL4 protein, Equine herpesvirus 1