title: Prevalence of human pathogens in cat and dog fleas in New Zealand.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To provide further information on the prevalence of Rickettsia felis, Bartonella hensela, and B. clarridgeiae in cat and dog fleas in New Zealand and their distribution in the country.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used PCR and sequencing with primers for the its and pap 31 (for Bartonella spp.), and the gltA and OmpB (for Rickettsia spp.) genes on DNA from fleas collected from dogs and cats presenting to 3 widely separated veterinary practices on the North Island.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DNA of R. felis (19%), B. henselae (11%), and B. clarridgeiae (7%) was found in the 114 cat fleas (Ctenocephalides felis) we studied. The DNA of both B. henselae and B. clarridgeiae was found in 3 fleas (from 2 animals); B. clarridgeiae and R. felis in 1 flea; B. henselae and R. felis in 5 fleas (from 3 animals); and R. felis, B. henselae, and B. clarridgeiae in 2 fleas (from 1 animal). No amplicons were obtained from 3 dog fleas (Ctenocephalides canis).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The emerging human pathogens, R. felis, B. henselae, and B. clarridgeiae, are prevalent and widely distributed in cat fleas in the North Island of New Zealand.
authors.affiliation: Ross University School of Veterinary Medicine, Basseterre, St Kitts, West Indies. pkelly@rossvet.edu.kn
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kelly
authors.forename: Jean-Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Rolain
authors.forename: Didier
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Raoult
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001473:Bartonella / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001474:Bartonella Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission; D002415:Cats / Q000469:parasitology*; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission; D004285:Dogs / Q000469:parasitology*; D006801:Humans; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000382:microbiology*; D009520:New Zealand; D015995:Prevalence; D012282:Rickettsia Infections / Q000382:microbiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary; D041161:Rickettsia felis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005423:Siphonaptera / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial