title: Non-invasive diagnostic of cardiac allograft vasculopathy by 31P magnetic resonance chemical shift imaging.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Coronary angiography is still the gold standard for the diagnosis of cardiac allograft vasculopathy (CAV) for which alternative non-invasive diagnostic approaches are currently investigated. In this study, we assessed whether 31P magnetic resonance chemical shift imaging can diagnose CAV by studying variations in cardiac high-energy phosphates in a population of adult heart transplant recipients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CAV was defined by coronary angiography as the presence of diffuse coronary irregularities with significant concentric narrowing on epicardial or distal coronary arteries. Eight patients with CAV (group A), and 18 patients without CAV (group B) were included in this study and compared to nine healthy volunteers (group C). Patients and volunteers underwent 31P three-dimensional chemical shift imaging to determine the ratio of phosphocreatine (PCr) and adenosine tri-phosphate (ATP). PCr/ATP was significantly lower in group A (1.51+/-0.50) than in groups B and C (1.98+/-0.53 (p=0.003) and 2.14+/-0.31 (p=0.001)), respectively. Time from transplant, number of episodes of acute rejection, and left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) were not significantly different between patient groups. A PCr/ATP value of 1.59 was the optimal cut-off value to predict CAV (specificity and sensitivity of 100% and 72%, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clinically, in vivo 31P chemical shift imaging is a promising, non-invasive method to detect the potential modifications of high-energy phosphates related to CAV and to better screen indications for coronary angiograms. This may be relevant for coronary angiography follow-up and adjustments of immunotherapy regimen.
authors.affiliation: Centre de Résonance Magnétique Biologique et Médicale (CRMBM), UMR CNRS 6612, Faculté de Médecine, 27 Bd Jean Moulin, 13005 Marseille, France. thierry.caus@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Caus
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kober
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marin
authors.forename: Annick
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mouly-Bandini
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Quilici
authors.forename: Dominique
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Métras
authors.forename: Patrick J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Cozzone
authors.forename: Monique
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bernard
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000175:diagnosis; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D010710:Phosphates / Q000378:metabolism; D010725:Phosphocreatine / Q000378:metabolism; D010759:Phosphorus Isotopes; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D010710:Phosphates; D010759:Phosphorus Isotopes; D010725:Phosphocreatine; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate