title: DNA damage levels in prostate cancer cases and controls.
abstract: This study used the alkaline Comet assay to evaluate whether basal or H2O2-induced DNA damage is associated with prostate cancer (CaP) risk. Using lymphocyte samples from 158 CaP cases and 128 controls, collected in an ongoing case-control study, our results showed that basal DNA damage did not differ between cases and controls. However, the H2O2-induced DNA damage level was significantly higher in incident cases (mean +/- SD; 6.61 +/- 4.43, n = 102) than controls (5.30 +/- 3.60, n = 128) or prevalent cases (4.47 +/- 3.19; n = 56). Incident cases with a positive smoking history had significantly higher H2O2-induced DNA damage than never-smokers (7.57 +/- 4.82 versus 4.52 +/- 2.40; P < 0.001). Above-median H2O2-induced DNA damage was associated with a 1.61-fold increase in CaP risk [95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.92-2.81], after adjustment for age, race, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), smoking history and family history (FH). Using the lowest quartile of H2O2-induced DNA damage as the referent group, the adjusted ORs for the 25th, 50th and 75th quartiles were 0.90 (95% CI = 0.39-2.05), 1.06 (95% CI = 0.48-2.35) and 2.05 (95% CI = 0.96-4.37), respectively (P = 0.046, test for linear trend). The association between CaP and DNA damage was modified by age, smoking history, family history and body mass index. Our results suggest that DNA damage may be associated with CaP risk. However, larger case-control and follow-up studies are warranted to further evaluate the potential application of the alkaline Comet assay in CaP risk assessment and prevention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cancer Biology, Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA.
authors.forename: Kristin L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Lockett
authors.forename: M Craig
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: Peter E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Shu-Chun
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chuang
authors.forename: Brittany
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Robinson
authors.forename: Hui-Yi
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: L Joseph
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Jennifer J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D020552:Comet Assay / Q000379:methods; D004249:DNA Damage; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D012306:Risk
chemical_list: D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide