title: Metformin administration and laparoscopic ovarian drilling improve ovarian response to clomiphene citrate (CC) in oligo-anovulatory CC-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the efficacy of clomiphene citrate (CC) administration for ovulation induction in CC-resistant oligo-ovulatory women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) after metformin treatment or laparoscopic ovarian drilling (LOD). Design Prospective controlled study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight overweight oligo-amenorrhoeic women with PCOS who were still anovulatory after metformin administration (group A, n = 8) or LOD (group B, n = 20).
  
  
  METHODS
  Treatment with CC 150 mg/day for 5 days from the third to the seventh day of a progesterone-induced uterine bleeding for 6 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  The ovulation, pregnancy, abortion and live-birth rates were evaluated in each group.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The subjects of groups A and B were studied for a total of 36 and 74 cycles, respectively. At the end of the study, no differences in ovulation [11/36 (30.6%) vs. 23/74 (31.1%); P = 0.96], pregnancy [6/36 (16.7%) vs. 12/74 (16.2%); P = 0.95], abortion [2/6 (33.3%) vs. 5/12 (41.7%); P = 1.00] and the live-birth [4/6 (66.7%) vs. 7/12 (58.3%); P = 1.00] rates were observed between groups A and B.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Metformin administration as well as LOD improves the effectiveness of CC for ovulation induction in overweight infertile CC-resistant women with PCOS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University Magna Graecia of Catanzaro, Italy. stefanopalomba@tin.it
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Palomba
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Orio
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Falbo
authors.forename: Tiziana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: Grande
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Caterina
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Manguso
authors.forename: Achille
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tolino
authors.forename: Annamaria
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colao
authors.forename: Fulvio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zullo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002996:Clomiphene / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010053:Ovary / Q000601:surgery*; D010062:Ovulation Induction; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D005300:Fertility Agents, Female; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D002996:Clomiphene; D008687:Metformin