Antiatherogenic role of high-density lipoproteins: insights from genetically engineered-mice.
Plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol are inversely correlated with the incidence of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The cardioprotective effects of HDL have been attributed to its role in reverse cholesterol transport (RCT) and especially the macrophage-dependent RCT, and also to the antioxidant properties of HDL as well as its direct effects on endothelial function. However, few of these effects have been verified in vivo in humans. With the creation and detailed analysis of genetically-engineered mice, a solid body of new information has emerged on the mechanisms controlling these key antiatherogenic functions of HDL and their effects on atherogenesis. This article provides a review of new insights into the molecular mechanisms underlying these three most studied antiatherogenic functions of HDL in vivo with a focus on genetically-engineered mice.
Escola-Gil
Joan Carles
JC
Servei de Bioquimica, Institut de Recerca de l Hospital de la Santa Creu i Sant Pau, Antoni M. Claret 167, 08025 Barcelona, Spain. jescola@santpau.es
Calpe-Berdiel
Laura
L
Palomer
Xavier
X
Ribas
Vicent
V
Ordonez-Llanos
Jordi
J
Blanco-Vaca
Francisco
F
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D001053:Apolipoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D001692:Biological Transport; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D002788:Cholesterol Esters / Q000737:chemistry; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000473:pathology; D005818:Genetic Engineering; D006801:Humans; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase / Q000737:chemistry; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000737:chemistry*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008954:Models, Biological; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D001053:Apolipoproteins; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D002788:Cholesterol Esters; D008074:Lipoproteins; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D002784:Cholesterol; D008071:Lipoprotein Lipase; D010100:Oxygen