title: Effects of montelukast on symptoms and eNO in children with mild to moderate asthma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Asthma is a chronic inflammatory airway disease. Exhaled nitric oxide (eNO) is a marker reflecting airway inflammation. This study was conducted to investigate whether montelukast, a leukotriene receptor antagonist, could be used for the management of asthma and how fast the montelukast sodium decreased airway inflammation as demonstrated by eNO levels.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty children aged 6-14 years (mean age: 9.2 +/- 2.4 years; mean weight 30 +/- 4.6 kg) with mild to moderate asthma were recruited for the study. They received montelukast plus an inhaled short-acting beta2 agonist as open and uncontrolled therapy. Asthma score (AS) and peak expiratory flow rate (PEFR) and eNO concentrations were measured at pretreatment (0 week) and post-treatment (1 and 2 weeks) as well as 2 weeks after withdrawal of therapy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In one week, the eNO levels (33.3 +/- 15.5 p.p.b. vs 14.8 +/- 8.6 p.p.b.; P < 0.05), and AS (4.2 +/- 1.3 vs 1.8 +/- 1.3; P < 0.05) decreased rapidly, and PEFR (206.9 +/- 69.7 L/min vs 236.2 +/- 69.8 L/min; P < 0.05) increased. Concurrent beta2 agonist use decreased from a mean +/- SD of 2.2 +/- 0.4-1.3 +/- 0.3 puffs per weeks (P < 0.05). After the withdrawal of treatment for 2 weeks, the eNO levels (29.2 +/- 16.1 p.p.b) rebounded again, although the improvements in AS (1.1 +/- 1.3) and PEFR (245.0 +/- 91.3 L/min) persisted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Oral montelukast sodium treatment of these children with mild to moderate asthma effectively improved asthmatic symptoms and suppressed airway inflammation in 1 week, suggesting that this leukotriene antagonist combined with short-acting beta2 agonists may provide effective treatment option in mild to moderate childhood asthma. Larger, controlled, and double-blinded studies are needed to confirm these preliminary open uncontrolled observations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Tri-service General Hospital, National Defense Medical Center, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Ming-Yung
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yuan-Sheng
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Kuender D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chun-Jung
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chih-Hsing
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Hung
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000293:Adolescent; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001944:Breath Tests; D002648:Child; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism*; D010366:Peak Expiratory Flow Rate; D011804:Quinolines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013440:Sulfides; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D018927:Anti-Asthmatic Agents; D003521:Cyclopropanes; D011804:Quinolines; D013440:Sulfides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; C093875:montelukast