title: Human papillomavirus 16, 18, and 33 infections and risk of prostate cancer: a Nordic nested case-control study.
abstract: Epidemiologic evidence of sexual history has emerged as a consistently found risk factor for prostate cancer. Some studies have reported an association between human papillomavirus (HPV) infections and prostate cancer. We did a nested case-control study within cohorts of more than 200,000 men enrolled in three Nordic biobanking projects. Follow-up using cancer registry linkages identified 804 prospectively occurring prostate cancer cases. Four control subjects per case were randomly selected from eligible sets of matched subjects that were alive and free of cancer at the time of diagnosis of the corresponding case and were matched to cases on biobank cohort, age (+/-2 years), county of residence, and date of blood sampling (+/-2 months in the Finnish and Swedish cohorts, +/-6 months in the Norwegian cohort). The serum samples were analyzed by standard ELISAs for the presence of immunoglobulin G antibodies against HPV types 16, 18, and 33. The joint HPV-16/HPV-18/HPV-33 seroprevalence in the joint cohort was 13.4% (107 of 799) among cases and 14.0% (363 of 2,596) among controls (odds ratio, 0.94; 95% confidence interval, 0.74-1.19). There were no noteworthy differences when the data were analyzed by different HPV type, country, or antibody levels. Our data do not support an association between serologic markers of HPV-16, HPV-18, and HPV-33 infections and risk of prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Microbiology, Lund University, MAS University Hospital, SE-20502 Malmö, Sweden.
authors.forename: Zoltan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Korodi
authors.forename: Joakim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dillner
authors.forename: Egil
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jellum
authors.forename: Sonja
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lumme
authors.forename: Göran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hallmans
authors.forename: Steinar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thoresen
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hakulinen
authors.forename: Pär
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Stattin
authors.forename: Tapio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Luostarinen
authors.forename: Matti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lehtinen
authors.forename: Matti
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hakama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D052162:Human papillomavirus 16 / Q000472:pathogenicity; D052161:Human papillomavirus 18 / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000821:virology*; D012042:Registries; D012307:Risk Factors; D012537:Scandinavian and Nordic Countries / Q000453:epidemiology; D016036:Seroepidemiologic Studies