title: Intravenous administration of choline or cdp-choline improves platelet count and platelet closure times in endotoxin-treated dogs.
abstract: This study was performed to assess the effects of intravenous choline chloride and cytidine-5'-diphosphate choline (CDP-choline) treatments on circulating platelet, white blood cell, and red blood cell counts and platelet functions in response to endotoxin. Saline (0.2 mL/kg), choline chloride (20 mg/kg), or CDP-choline (70 mg/kg) were given intravenously three times at 4-h intervals, and endotoxemia was induced by endotoxin (E. coli 055:B5, 20 microg/kg) infusion, 5 min after the first treatment. Blood samples were collected before and at multiple time points after the challenge, for a panel of hematologic parameters and platelet closure times measured by PFA-100. In saline-treated dogs, circulating platelet counts decreased by 85% (P < 0.001) at 0.5 h and remained low by 36%-80% (P < 0.5-0.001) 1-12 h after endotoxin. Circulating WBC counts decreased by 80%-90% (P < 0.001) at 0.5-2 h, and increased (P < 0.001) by 190% 12 h after the endotoxin. In response to endotoxin, RBCs increased by 10%-13% (P < 0.05) at 1-12 h. Endotoxin-induced decline in circulating platelets was attenuated at 0.5 h (P < 0.05-0.01) and reversed at 1-12 h (P < 0.05-0.001) by choline. Platelet closure times were shortened from 81 +/- 10 s and 135 +/- 10 s to 29 +/- 5 s (P < 0.001) and 60 +/- 3 s (P < 0.001) at 0.5 h, and prolonged (P < 0.001) at 1-8 h after endotoxin induction. Endotoxin-induced shortening in platelet closure times was attenuated (P < 0.05) and blocked (P < 0.01) by choline and CDP-choline, respectively. These results showed that choline and CDP-choline treatments improved circulating platelet counts and platelet function during endotoxemia in dogs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Uludag University Veterinary Faculty, Bursa 16059, Turkey. zyilmaz@uludag.edu.tr
authors.forename: Zeki
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Yilmaz
authors.forename: Yesim Ozarda
authors.initials: YO
authors.lastname: Ilcol
authors.forename: Serhat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Torun
authors.forename: Ismail H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Ulus
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000378:metabolism; D003566:Cytidine Diphosphate Choline / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004285:Dogs; D019446:Endotoxemia / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D010976:Platelet Count / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D003566:Cytidine Diphosphate Choline