title: Concurrent quit & win and nicotine replacement therapy voucher giveaway programs: participant characteristics and predictors of smoking abstinence.
abstract: This study compares the participant characteristics, program costs, and outcomes of a Quit & Win contest and a nicotine replacement therapy (NRT) voucher giveaway promotion. Both programs were conducted simultaneously so that smokers could enroll in either one program alone (n = 849 and 690, respectively) or both programs (Combination group; n = 230). A follow-up telephone survey of a random sample of participants was conducted 4 to 7 months after enrollment to evaluate smoking status. At enrollment, participants in the three groups were comparable on most smoking and demographic variables, although Quit & Win participants were, on average, younger than those who signed up to get the NRT voucher. Compared with the characteristics of smokers in the region, those who enrolled in the intervention programs were heavier smokers and had more years of formal education. At follow-up, the self-reported quit rates were similar across the three intervention groups, ranging between 25 percent and 30 percent. The only evidence for a higher quit rate among those in the Combination group was among younger smokers. On a simple estimated cost per quit basis, the Quit & Win (130 dollars) and NRT (179 dollars) voucher interventions appear roughly comparable. In all groups, abstinence rates were higher among lighter smokers (<21 cigarettes per day), participants who did not live with another smoker, and those who were married. Both the Quit & Win and NRT voucher giveaway programs were effective in recruiting smokers to make a quit attempt, although combining both interventions did not generally increase abstinence rates.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, New York, USA.
authors.forename: Larry W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Hawk
authors.forename: Cheryl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Higbee
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hyland
authors.forename: Terry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Alford
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: K Michael
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Cummings
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003625:Data Collection; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000191:economics / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009518:New York; D009538:Nicotine; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D009538:Nicotine