title: Phosphate-binding tag, a new tool to visualize phosphorylated proteins.
abstract: We introduce two methods for the visualization of phosphorylated proteins using alkoxide-bridged dinuclear metal (i.e. Zn(2+) or Mn(2+)) complexes as novel phosphate-binding tag (Phos-tag) molecules. Both Zn(2+)- and Mn(2+)-Phos-tag molecules preferentially capture phosphomonoester dianions bound to Ser, Thr, and Tyr residues. One method is based on an ECL system using biotin-pendant Zn(2+)-Phos-tag and horseradish peroxidase-conjugated streptavidin. We demonstrate the electroblotting analyses of protein phosphorylation status by the phosphate-selective ECL signals. Another method is based on the mobility shift of phosphorylated proteins in SDS-PAGE with polyacrylamide-bound Mn(2+)-Phos-tag. Phosphorylated proteins in the gel are visualized as slower migration bands compared with corresponding dephosphorylated proteins. We demonstrate the kinase and phosphatase assays by phosphate affinity electrophoresis (Mn(2+)-Phos-tag SDS-PAGE).
authors.affiliation: Department of Functional Molecular Science, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Kasumi 1-2-3, Hiroshima 734-8551, Japan.
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kinoshita
authors.forename: Emiko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kinoshita-Kikuta
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takiyama
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Koike
mesh_terms: D015153:Blotting, Western; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011506:Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins