title: The oncogenic serine/threonine kinase Pim-1 directly phosphorylates and activates the G2/M specific phosphatase Cdc25C.
abstract: The proto-oncogene Pim-1 encodes a serine-threonine kinase which is a downstream effector of cytokine signaling and can enhance cell cycle progression by altering the activity of several cell cycle regulators among them the G1 specific inhibitor p21(Waf), the phosphatase Cdc25A and the kinase C-TAK1. Here, we demonstrate by using biochemical assays that Pim-1 can interact with the phosphatase Cdc25C and is able to directly phosphorylate the N-terminal region of the protein. Cdc25C is functionally related to Cdc25A but acts specifically at the G2/M cell cycle transition point and can be inactivated by C-TAK1-mediated phosphorylation. Immuno-fluorescence experiments showed that Pim-1 and Cdc25C co-localize in the cytoplasm of both epithelial and myeloid cells. We find that phosphorylation by Pim-1 enhances the phosphatase activity of Cdc25C and in transfected cells that are arrested in G2/M by bleomycin, Pim-1 can enhance progression into G1. Therefore, we propose that Pim-1 activates Cdc25C by a direct phosphorylation and can thereby assume the function of a positive cell cycle regulator at the G2/M transition.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Zellbiologie (Tumorforschung), IFZ, Universitätsklinikum Essen, Virchowstrasse 173, D-45122 Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Malte
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bachmann
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kosan
authors.forename: Pei Xiang
authors.initials: PX
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: Mathias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montenarh
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: Tarik
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Möröy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000502:physiology*; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D020014:K562 Cells; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D051573:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-pim-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D020687:cdc25 Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; C000715470:MAS1 protein, human; D000090063:Proto-Oncogene Mas; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C111833:MARK3 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D051573:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-pim-1; C517009:CDC25C protein, human; D020687:cdc25 Phosphatases