Speech treatment for Parkinson's disease.
Researchers estimate that 89% of people with Parkinson's disease (PD) have a speech or voice disorder including disorders of laryngeal, respiratory, and articulatory function. Despite the high incidence of speech and voice impairment, studies suggest that only 3-4% of people with PD receive speech treatment. The authors review the literature on the characteristics and features of speech and voice disorders in people with PD, the types of treatment techniques available, including medical, surgical, and behavioral therapies, and provide recommendations for the current efficacy of treatment interventions and directions of future research.
Trail
Marilyn
M
Parkinson's Disease Research, Education and Clinical Center, Michael E. DeBakey VA Medical Center, Houston, TX 77030, USA. mtrail@bcm.tmc.edu
Fox
Cynthia
C
Ramig
Lorraine Olson
LO
Sapir
Shimon
S
Howard
Julia
J
Lai
Eugene C
EC
D001184:Articulation Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D004401:Dysarthria / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications*; D014832:Voice Disorders / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy*