title: Immunohistochemical study of tumor necrosis factor-alpha, matrix metalloproteinase-12, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-2 on alveolar macrophages of BALB/c mice exposed to short-term cigarette smoke.
abstract: Alveolar cells were evaluated in BALB/c mice exposed to smoke from 9 cigarettes per day. The mice were sacrificed at 1, 5, and 10 days and examined by lung morphometry and immunohistochemical staining of alveolar macrophages for tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-12, and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase (TIMP)-2. Cigarette smoke (CS)-exposed mice showed a progressive increase in numbers of alveolar macrophages (AMs) up to 10 days. MMP-12 was increased in AMs compared to the control group. The number of AMs with TNF-alpha and TIMP-2 labeling was higher at 5 days but decreased at 10 days. Short-term CS exposure induced pulmonary inflammation with major participation of MMP-12-positive AMs.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Histologia e Embriologia, IBRAG, UERJ, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil.
authors.forename: Katia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: da Hora
authors.forename: Samuel Santos
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Valença
authors.forename: Luís Cristóvão
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Porto
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002452:Cell Count; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology; D016676:Macrophages, Alveolar / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology; D008297:Male; D053508:Matrix Metalloproteinase 12; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D013997:Time Factors; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2 / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D019716:Tissue Inhibitor of Metalloproteinase-2; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; D053508:Matrix Metalloproteinase 12