title: Rational design of gene-based vaccines.
abstract: Vaccine development has traditionally been an empirical discipline. Classical vaccine strategies include the development of attenuated organisms, whole killed organisms, and protein subunits, followed by empirical optimization and iterative improvements. While these strategies have been remarkably successful for a wide variety of viruses and bacteria, these approaches have proven more limited for pathogens that require cellular immune responses for their control. In this review, current strategies to develop and optimize gene-based vaccines are described, with an emphasis on novel approaches to improve plasmid DNA vaccines and recombinant adenovirus vector-based vaccines.
authors.affiliation: Research East Room 113, Division of Viral Pathogenesis, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, MA 02215, USA. dbarouch@bidmc.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Dan H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Barouch
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D017951:Antigen Presentation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D016207:Cytokines / Q000276:immunology; D015195:Drug Design; D005822:Genetic Vectors / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D014162:Transfection / Q000379:methods; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic