Evaluating a tailored intervention to increase screening mammography in an urban area.
METHODS
The study was conducted over a four-year period, 1996 and 2000. Participants were recruited using Computer Assisted Telephone Interviewing (CATI) software and random-digit dialing (RDD). Study eligibility criteria included living in the King/Drew Medical Center service area in Los Angeles, having an operable telephone, being female > or = 40 years old and not having had a screening mammogram in the past year. Four-hundred-thirty respondents were randomly assigned to the intervention and comparison groups. English and Spanish focus-group-tested tailored interventions were administered telephonically by trained interviewers. African Americans and Latinas constituted 83.0% of the sample at assignment and 83.8% at six-month follow-up, which is representative of the study area.


RESULTS
The main outcome variable of interest in this study was having a screening mammogram during the time interval between baseline and the six-month follow-up assessment. Multiple logistic regressions that revealed factors predicting the outcome variable included: 1) age (p < or = 0.05, OR=2.22, CI 0.98-5.0); 2) study group (p < or = 0.05, OR=1.76, CI 1.06-2.92); 3) prior mammograms (p < or = 0.05, O0R=2.51, 1.39-4.56); and 4) and knowledge of the age when a woman should begin getting mammograms on a regular basis (p < or = 0.05, OR=0.55, 0.33-0.92).


CONCLUSIONS
Tailored telephone counseling increased the instances of screening mammograms by nearly 8% in the intervention group at follow-up. The results of this study confirm previous findings regarding the impact of structural and behavioral factors related to screening mammography.
Allen
Bruce
B
Charles R. Drew University of Medicine and Science, Los Angeles, CA 90059, USA. brallen@cdrewu.edu
Bazargan-Hejazi
Shahrzad
S
D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American / Q000193:education*; D000368:Aged; D003159:Community-Institutional Relations; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D006266:Health Education; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D015141:Los Angeles; D008327:Mammography / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care / Q000208:ethnology*; D040241:Social Marketing; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D019037:Urban Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*