title: Low-threshold exocytosis induced by cAMP-recruited CaV3.2 (alpha1H) channels in rat chromaffin cells.
abstract: We have studied the functional role of CaV3 channels in triggering fast exocytosis in rat chromaffin cells (RCCs). CaV3 T-type channels were selectively recruited by chronic exposures to cAMP (3 days) via an exchange protein directly activated by cAMP (Epac)-mediated pathway. Here we show that cAMP-treated cells had increased secretory responses, which could be evoked even at very low depolarizations (-50, -40 mV). Potentiation of exocytosis in cAMP-treated cells did not occur in the presence of 50 microM Ni2+, which selectively blocks T-type currents in RCCs. This suggests that the "low-threshold exocytosis" induced by cAMP is due to increased Ca2+ influx through cAMP-recruited T-type channels, rather than to an enhanced secretion downstream of Ca2+ entry, as previously reported for short-term cAMP treatments (20 min). Newly recruited T-type channels increase the fast secretory response at low voltages without altering the size of the immediately releasable pool. They also preserve the Ca2+ dependence of exocytosis, the initial speed of vesicle depletion, and the mean quantal size of single secretory events. All this indicates that cAMP-recruited CaV3 channels enhance the secretory activity of RCCs at low voltages by coupling to the secretory apparatus with a Ca2+ efficacy similar to that of already existing high-threshold Ca2+ channels. Finally, using RT-PCRs we found that the fast inactivating low-threshold Ca2+ current component recruited by cAMP is selectively associated to the alpha1H (CaV3.2) channel isoform.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neuroscience, NIS Centre of Excellence, CNISM Research Unit, 10125 Turin, Italy.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giancippoli
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Novara
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: de Luca
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Baldelli
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marcantoni
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carbone
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Carabelli
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020747:Calcium Channels, T-Type / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019439:Chromaffin Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004056:Differential Threshold / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D005089:Exocytosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D015640:Ion Channel Gating / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: C509958:Cacna1h protein, rat; D020747:Calcium Channels, T-Type; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D002118:Calcium