title: A community-based study of the prevalence of constipation in young children and the role of dietary fibre.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the prevalence of constipation in young children, and to explore its association with dietary fibre intake.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional community-based study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three kindergartens randomly selected from the eastern district of Hong Kong.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between October 2003 and January 2004, parents of children aged 3 to 5 years completed a specially designed questionnaire and a 3-day dietary record form, which were used to collect information on bowel function and dietary intake. Children with constipation were identified based on Rome criteria. Children with normal bowel habits served as a comparison group.
  
  
  METHODS
  Dietary intake of energy, protein, and dietary fibre.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 778 children recruited, 561 complete sets of data were successfully obtained from the participating kindergartens. One hundred and sixty-six (29.6%) children were found to be constipated. The incidence of a family history of constipation was significantly higher in the constipated group (14%) than in the non-constipated group (7%) [P=0.013]. Mean dietary fibre consumption was 4.1 g/d (standard deviation, 2.3 g/d) in all children corresponding to 45.5% (standard deviation, 24.9%) of the daily recommendation. Constipated children (mean, 40.7%; standard deviation, 20.5%) had a significantly lower dietary fibre intake of the daily recommendation than the non-constipated group (mean, 47.5%; standard deviation, 26.2%) [P=0.017].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Up to 30% of preschool children in the eastern district had constipation. A family history of constipation was related to its occurrence in the studied children. Dietary fibre intake was insufficient in all children and even lower in those who were constipated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, Pamela Youde Nethersole Eastern Hospital, Chai Wan, Hong Kong. ipkinsing@yahoo.com
authors.forename: K S
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Ip
authors.forename: W T K
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: J S H
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: B W Y
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Young
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D003248:Constipation / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000172:deficiency*; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence