title: Devitrification of amorphous celecoxib.
abstract: The purpose of this research was to analyze the devitrification of amorphous celecoxib (CEL) in the presence of different stressors (temperature, pressure, and/or humidity) encountered during processing of solid dosage forms. Amorphous CEL was prepared in situ in the analytical instruments, as well as in laboratory, by quench-cooling of melt process, and analyzed by dynamic mechanical thermal analysis, differential scanning calorimetry, microscopy, and Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy. Amorphous CEL prepared in situ in the analytical instruments was resistant to crystallization under the influence of temperature and/or pressure, because of its protection from the external environment during preparation. These samples exhibited structural relaxation during annealing at 25 degrees C/0% relative humidity (RH) for 16 hours. Generation of amorphous CEL in the laboratory resulted in partially crystalline samples, because of exposure to environmental temperature and humidity, resulting in incomplete vitrification. Subjection to thermal stress favored crystallization of amorphous CEL into metastable polymorphic forms, which were not obtained by solvent recrystallization approach. Temperature and humidity were identified as the major factors promoting devitrification of amorphous CEL, leading to loss of solubility advantage. Exposure to International Conference on Harmonization-specified accelerated stability storage conditions (40 degrees C/75% RH) resulted in complete devitrification of amorphous CEL within 15 days. The phase-transformation process of amorphous CEL along the temperature scale was examined visually, as well as spectrally. This propensity for devitrification of amorphous CEL seemed to depend on the strength of differential molecular interactions between the amorphous and crystalline form.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Technology (Formulations), National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Sector 67, S.A.S. Nagar, Punjab 160 062, India.
authors.forename: Piyush
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Arvind K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Bansal
mesh_terms: D000068579:Celecoxib; D003460:Crystallization; D006813:Humidity; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry*; D013678:Technology, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides; D000068579:Celecoxib