title: Expression of prothymosin alpha is correlated with development and progression in human prostate cancers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Our previous study clearly demonstrated that decreased expression of prothymosin alpha (PTMA) was associated with inhibition of rat prostate carcinogenesis by isoflavones. The purpose of the present investigation was to provide a better understanding of the role of PTMA in human prostate cancers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PTMA expression in 68 prostate cancer cases and in prostate cancer cell lines was examined by immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting, and its levels were increased with progression from normal epithelium, through prostatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PIN) to carcinomas, correlating with the Gleason's pattern. All cell lines studied (LNCaP, 22Rv1, DU145, and PC3) showed high PTMA expression compared with prostate epithelial cells (PrEC). Knockdown of PTMA expression in PC3 cells by RNAi resulted in the inhibition of both cell growth and invasion in vitro.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study clearly demonstrated that PTMA expression is intimately involved in the differentiation and progression of human prostate cancers, and could be a target for therapy and diagnostic purposes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental Pathology and Tumor Biology, Nagoya City University Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Nagoya, Japan. shugo@med.nagoya-cu.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shugo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Satoru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Seishiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeshita
authors.forename: Atsuya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hikosaka
authors.forename: Toshiaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wakita
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nishiyama
authors.forename: Tamio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Takehiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okamura
authors.forename: Tomoyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shirai
mesh_terms: D001344:Autopsy; D002455:Cell Division; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D017931:DNA Primers; D018450:Disease Progression; D017353:Gene Deletion; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009375:Neoplasms, Glandular and Epithelial / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D011470:Prostatic Hyperplasia / Q000473:pathology; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology; D011498:Protein Precursors / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D013947:Thymosin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D011498:Protein Precursors; C040782:prothymosin alpha; D013947:Thymosin