title: Combined effect of carvacrol and packaging conditions on radiosensitivity of Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhi in ground beef.
abstract: This study was undertaken to evaluate the effect of 1.0% carvacrol and 0.1% tetrasodium pyrophosphate on the radiation D10 of Escherichia coli and Salmonella Typhi added to ground beef at a concentration of 10(5) CFU/g. The ground beef was then packaged under four different atmosphere conditions: air (78.1% N2, 20.9% O2, 0.036% CO2), 100% CO2, modified atmosphere (60% O2, 30% CO2, 10% N2) and vacuum. Samples were irradiated at doses of 0.1 to 0.6 kGy for E. coli and 0.5 to 2.0 kGy for Salmonella Typhi. Radiation D10-values of 0.126 and 0.526 kGy were observed for E. coli and Salmonella Typhi, respectively, when meat was packed under air. When meat was packed under modified atmosphere conditions, the radiation D10-values for E. coli and Salmonella Typhi were 0.086 and 0.221 kGy, respectively. The addition of carvacrol and tetrasodium pyrophosphate and the use of modified atmosphere packaging reduced the radiation D10-value from 0.126 to 0.046 kGy for E. coli and from 0.526 to 0.053 kGy for Salmonella Typhi. Under vacuum and 100% CO2 conditions, the radiation D10 reduction was not as great as that for the modified atmosphere regardless of the presence or absence of carvacrol and tetrasodium pyrophosphate.
authors.affiliation: Canadian Irradiation Center and Research Laboratory in Sciences Applied to Food, Institut National de la Recherche Scientifique, Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, Laval, Canada.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chiasson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Borsa
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lacroix
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D000081007:Cymenes; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000528:radiation effects*; D005514:Food Irradiation / Q000379:methods*; D018857:Food Packaging / Q000379:methods*; D005720:Gamma Rays; D006801:Humans; D008461:Meat Products / Q000382:microbiology*; D039821:Monoterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D012485:Salmonella typhi / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014618:Vacuum
chemical_list: D000081007:Cymenes; D039821:Monoterpenes; C073316:carvacrol; D009584:Nitrogen; D010100:Oxygen