title: Antimicrobial resistance of Staphylococcus aureus and oral streptococci strains from high-risk endocarditis patients.
abstract: This study sought to determine the antimicrobial susceptibility of Staphylcoccus aureus and viridans group streptococci strains collected from the forearm skin and saliva of 30 patients at high risk of endocarditis. Agar susceptibility tests of antibiotics routinely utilized in dentistry were used to verify antimicrobial resistance of bacterial strains. Of the Staphylcoccus aureus strains, 50% were resistant to ampicillin, 53.3% to amoxicillin, 60.0% to penicillin G, 13.3% to amoxicillin/clavulanate, 20.0% to azithromycin, 27.6% to clarithromycin, 23.3% to erythromycin, 3.3% to cefazolin, and 6.7% to clindamycin. Regarding streptococci, 16.7% of the strains were resistant to ampicillin, 16.7% to amoxicillin, 23.3% to azithromycin, 23.3% to clarithromycin, 30.0% to erythromycin, 13.3% to cefazolin, 26.7% to clindamycin, 16.7% to penicillin G, and 3.3% to amoxicillin/clavulanate. Pathogens associated with bacterial endocarditis exhibited elevated resistance rates against the antibiotics used for prophylaxis in dentistry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiological Sciences, Dentistry School of Piracicaba, UNICAMP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Francisco Carlos
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Groppo
authors.forename: Flavia Meira
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Castro
authors.forename: Aline Barros
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Pacheco
authors.forename: Rogerio Heladio
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Motta
authors.forename: Thales Rocha de Mattos
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Filho
authors.forename: Juliana Cama
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ramacciato
authors.forename: Flavia Martao
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Florio
authors.forename: John Gerard
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Meechan
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination / Q000494:pharmacology; D000667:Ampicillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D017963:Azithromycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002437:Cefazolin / Q000494:pharmacology; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D002981:Clindamycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D004198:Disease Susceptibility; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004697:Endocarditis, Bacterial / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D010400:Penicillin G / Q000494:pharmacology; D012307:Risk Factors; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology*; D012867:Skin / Q000382:microbiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects*; D034363:Viridans Streptococci / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002981:Clindamycin; D004917:Erythromycin; D019980:Amoxicillin-Potassium Clavulanate Combination; D000667:Ampicillin; D000658:Amoxicillin; D017963:Azithromycin; D017291:Clarithromycin; D002437:Cefazolin; D010400:Penicillin G