title: Sinonasal leiomyosarcoma: review of literature and case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine prognosis of primary sinonasal leiomyosarcomas after treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Literature review and case report.
  
  
  METHODS
  Review of English literature from MEDLINE and independent sources with the addition of our case.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Including our case, 63 cases have been reported. Primary treatment includes resection with or without radiation. Chemotherapy has not been reported to be effective. In our case, however, chemotherapy, consisting of etoposide and high-dose ifosfamide, caused the tumor to shrink significantly. On the basis of a review of all reported cases, the overall survival rate at a mean follow-up of 38.24 month is 66%. The minimal overall survival rates at 5 and 10 years are 20% and 6%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prognosis for primary sinonasal leiomyosarcomas is poor. However, a 10-year survival has been reported in a few patients. Chemotherapy may be a useful adjunct when managing extensive lesions unamenable to curative resection.
authors.forename: Christian T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Ulrich
authors.forename: Iman
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Feiz-Erfan
authors.forename: Robert F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Spetzler
authors.forename: Jeffrey D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Isaacs
authors.forename: Jonathan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Hott
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nakaji
authors.forename: Stephen W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Coons
authors.forename: Edward J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Joganic
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Kresl
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Milligan
authors.forename: Salvatore C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Lettieri
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D007890:Leiomyosarcoma / Q000473:pathology*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D010256:Paranasal Sinuses / Q000473:pathology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index