Alcoholic Fermentation of d-Xylose by Yeasts.
Type strains of 200 species of yeasts able to ferment glucose and grow on xylose were screened for fermentation of d-xylose. In most of the strains tested, ethanol production was negligible. Nineteen were found to produce between 0.1 and 1.0 g of ethanol per liter. Strains of the following species produce more than 1 g of ethanol per liter in the fermentation test with 2% xylose: Brettanomyces naardenensis, Candida shehatae, Candida tenuis, Pachysolen tannophilus, Pichia segobiensis, and Pichia stipitis. Subsequent screening of these yeasts for their capacity to ferment d-cellobiose revealed that only Candida tenuis CBS 4435 was a good fermenter of both xylose and cellobiose under the test conditions used.
Toivola
A
A
Laboratory of Microbiology, Delft University of Technology, and Centraalbureau voor Schimmelcultures, Yeast Division, Julianalaan 67A, 2628 BC Delft, The Netherlands.
Yarrow
D
D
van den Bosch
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E
van Dijken
J P
JP
Scheffers
W A
WA