Accessibility effects on implicit social cognition: the role of knowledge activation and retrieval experiences.
Performance on measures of implicit social cognition has been shown to vary as a function of the momentary accessibility of relevant information. The present research investigated the mechanisms underlying accessibility effects of self-generated information on implicit measures. Results from 3 experiments demonstrate that measures based on response compatibility processes (e.g., Implicit Association Test, affective priming with an evaluative decision task) are influenced by subjective feelings pertaining to the ease of retrieving relevant information from memory, whereas measures based on stimulus compatibility processes (e.g., semantic priming with a lexical-decision task) are influenced by direct knowledge activation in associative memory. These results indicate that the mediating mechanisms underlying context effects on implicit measures can differ as a function of the task even when these tasks show similar effects on a superficial level. Implications for research on implicit social cognition and the ease-of-retrieval effect are discussed.
Gawronski
Bertram
B
Department of Psychology, University of Western Ontario, London, ON, Canada. bgawrons@uwo.ca
Bodenhausen
Galen V
GV
D001741:Black or African American; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001244:Association; D003071:Cognition; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory; D009864:Ontario; D011582:Psychological Theory; D011822:Race Relations; D011930:Reaction Time; D012660:Semantics; D012938:Social Perception; D013240:Stereotyping; D014481:United States; D044465:White People