title: Long-term mortality in patients with pauses in ventricular electrical activity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The long-term significance of ventricular pauses of > or =3.0 seconds observed on Holter monitor is unclear, as previously conducted retrospective studies have been poorly controlled. We compared the prognosis of patients with pauses > or =3.0 seconds on Holter monitor with a well-matched control group without such pauses.
  
  
  METHODS
  Scanning the Holter database at Ochsner Clinic (n = 11,730; January 1998 to June 2003) for pauses > or =3.0 seconds identified 70 patients (pause group). Of those, 29 (37.1%) received a permanent pacemaker (PPM group) and 41 (62.9%) did not (No-PPM group). For each No-PPM patient, two patients without pauses (<2.0 seconds) exactly matched for age, sex, ejection fraction (EF), rhythm, and duration of follow-up were randomly chosen from the Holter database (control group, n = 82) and survival of the two groups was compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age was 72.5 +/- 15.0 years, mean EF was 52.2 +/- 12.7%, and 68.3% were men. Mean follow-up was 2.2 years (0.5-4.5 years). There was no difference in survival between the No-PPM and the control groups (82.9% vs 84.1%, P = NS). Compared with the PPM group, pauses in the No-PPM group were more commonly asymptomatic, nocturnal, and due to sinus pauses or atrial fibrillation (AF) with slow ventricular response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pauses in ventricular electrical activity > or =3 seconds on Holter monitor due to sinus pauses or AF with slow ventricular response are not predictive of heightened mortality.
authors.affiliation: Ochsner Clinic Foundation, New Orleans, LA 70121, USA.
authors.forename: Magdi M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Saba
authors.forename: Timothy P
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Donahue
authors.forename: Panagiotis T H
authors.initials: PT
authors.lastname: Panotopoulos
authors.forename: Salma S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Ibrahim
authors.forename: Freddy M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Abi-Samra
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000517:prevention & control; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015897:Comorbidity; D015716:Electrocardiography, Ambulatory / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008145:Louisiana / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000379:methods*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000517:prevention & control