title: Supervised exercise training improves aerobic capacity and muscle strength in older women with heart failure.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The effect that supervised or unsupervised exercise training has on aerobic capacity (peak oxygen consumption [VO2peak]), muscle strength and quality of life in older women with heart failure remains unknown.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To examine the effect of six months (three months supervised followed by three months unsupervised) of aerobic training (AT) or combined aerobic and strength training (CAST) on VO2peak, muscle strength and quality of life in older women with heart failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty older women (mean age +/- SD, 72+/-8 years) with clinically stable heart failure were randomly assigned to AT (n=10) or CAST (n=10). Supervised AT was performed two days per week at 60% to 70% heart rate reserve, whereas unsupervised training was performed two days per week at a rate of perceived exertion of 12 to 14 on the Borg scale. The CAST group also performed one to two sets of low-to-moderate intensity strength training two days per week.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Supervised AT or CAST resulted in an increase in VO2peak (12%; P<0.05) and leg press strength (13%; P<0.05) that returned to baseline after unsupervised training. Vertical row strength was greater (+23%; P<0.05) after supervised CAST and remained unchanged after supervised or unsupervised AT. Supervised or unsupervised exercise training was not associated with a significant change in quality of life.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Supervised AT or CAST are effective modes of exercise to improve VO2peak and muscle strength in older women with heart failure. However, the improvements in VO2peak and muscle strength are not maintained with unsupervised exercise training.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Rehabilitation Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton. mark.haykowsky@ualberta.ca
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haykowsky
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Vonder Muhll
authors.forename: Justin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ezekowitz
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Armstrong
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000416:Alberta; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D005081:Exercise Therapy; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000502:physiology*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D016896:Treatment Outcome