title: Cyclosporin treatment in steroid-resistant and acutely exacerbated interstitial pneumonia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of cyclosporin A (CsA) in patients with interstitial pneumonia (IP).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective comparative study.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed 33 patients (23 males and 10 females with a mean age of 62.5 years) with histologically-proven progressive IP who were treated with CsA. All patients had corticosteroid-resistant IP or developed acute exacerbation of IP in their courses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The underlying systemic diseases were: idiopathic interstitial pneumonias (IIPs) in 19 patients, and collagen vascular diseases (CVDs) in 14. The histopathological patterns and underlying diseases of IP were classified as usual interstitial pneumonia (UIP)/idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) in 10 patients, cellular-nonspecific interstitial pneumonia (NSIP)/IIPs in 3, fibrotic-NSIP/IIPs in 5, organizing pneumonia (OP)/IIP in 1, UIP/CVDs in 4, cellular-NSIP/CVDs in 7, fibrotic-NSIP/CVDs in 2, and diffuse alveolar damage (DAD)/CVD in 1, respectively. They received a low dosage of CsA combined with corticosteroids. The prognoses after treatment with CsA were well correlated with histopathological patterns. Cellular-NSIP and OP showed better prognoses than fibrotic-NSIP, UIP or DAD. In addition, CVDs had better prognoses than IIPs, when compared on the basis of the same histopathological patterns. Furthermore, the prognoses in the CsA-treated group were significantly better than in those without CsA treatment in regard to acute exacerbation of UIP/IPF.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CsA combined with corticosteroids may be an efficacious treatment for corticosteroid-resistant IP and for acute exacerbation of IPF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Respiratory Medicine, Respiratory Center, Tokyo.
authors.forename: Sakae
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Homma
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Masateru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawabata
authors.forename: Kazuma
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kishi
authors.forename: Eiyasu
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tsuboi
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Motoi
authors.forename: Kunihiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshimura
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012129:Respiratory Function Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine