title: Vegetative and minimally conscious states: serial assessment approaches in diagnosis and management.
abstract: Assessment of vegetative (VS) and minimally conscious state (MCS) patients presents clinicians with inherent difficulties (Royal College of Physicians, 2003) in terms of the reliable detection of potential signs of awareness given that all current assessment tools rely on observed behaviour. Recently developed measures such as SMART (Gill-Thwaites & Munday, 1999) and WHIM (Shiel et al., 2000), employing structured operational defined behavioural observations can facilitate the serial assessment of patient awareness, progress and appropriate goal setting particularly as one-off bedside assessments are more likely to be inaccurate. The use of sensitive tailored approaches involving experienced multidisciplinary teams is strongly advocated (Royal College of Physicians and British Society of Rehabilitation Medicine, 2003), notwithstanding clinicians should carefully consider potential confounding clinical factors, which may deleteriously influence patient arousal or ability to respond. Finally, areas for future development and recommendations regarding multidisciplinary assessment approaches with VS and MCS patients are outlined.
authors.affiliation: Forster Green Hospital and Joss Cardwell Centre, Green Park Health Care Trust, 401 Holywood Road, Belfast BT4 2LS, UK. f.colinwilson@btopenworld.com
authors.forename: F Colin
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Lorraine E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Graham
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Watson
mesh_terms: D001364:Awareness / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D033183:Interdisciplinary Communication; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010348:Patient Care Team; D018458:Persistent Vegetative State / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D017603:Signal Detection, Psychological