title: Quality of work life of independent vs employed family physicians in Wisconsin: a WReN study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Family physicians in Wisconsin who are mainly employed by large health care organizations have voiced concerns regarding the quality of their work lives. We explored the quality of work life and its relationship to employment by health care organizations.
  
  
  METHODS
  We conducted a cross-sectional survey of the 1,482 active members of the Wisconsin Academy of Family Physicians in 2000.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A 47% overall response rate was obtained, and 584 respondents could be identified as independent or employed by a health care organization. There were no differences in age or sex between the 2 groups. The independent physicians worked longer hours, were in smaller work groups, and had been in practice longer and in their current practice longer than the employed physicians. Independent physicians reported better working relationships, more satisfaction with family time, more influence over management decisions, better satisfaction with being a physician, better perceived quality of the care they provided, greater ability to achieve professional goals, and lesser intention to leave the practice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Independent physicians have significantly more positive ratings of several aspects of the quality of their work life compared with physicians employed by health care organizations. Health care organizations need to address these issues if they are to have a satisfied and stable workforce.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53521, USA. john.beasley@fammed.wisc.edu
authors.forename: John W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Beasley
authors.forename: Ben-Tzion
authors.initials: BT
authors.lastname: Karsh
authors.forename: Mary Ellen
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Hagenauer
authors.forename: Lucille
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marchand
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sainfort
mesh_terms: D000554:Ambulatory Care Facilities; D004651:Employment; D006279:Health Maintenance Organizations; D020445:Hospitalists; D006801:Humans; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D010821:Physicians, Family; D011331:Private Practice; D014922:Wisconsin