title: Innovation: Rescuing drug discovery: in vivo systems pathology and systems pharmacology.
abstract: The pharmaceutical industry is currently beleaguered by close scrutiny from the financial community, regulators and the general public. Productivity, in terms of new drug approvals, has generally been falling for almost a decade and the safety of a number of highly successful drugs has recently been brought into question. Here, we discuss whether taking an in vivo systems approach to drug discovery and development could be the paradigm shift that rescues the industry.
authors.affiliation: TNO Systems Biology, Netherlands Organization for Applied Scientific Research, Utrechtseweg 48, PO BOX 360, 3700 AJ Zeist, The Netherlands. vanderGreef@voeding.tno.nl
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van der Greef
authors.forename: Robert N
authors.initials: RN
authors.lastname: McBurney
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003933:Diagnosis; D004059:Diffusion of Innovation; D017277:Drug Approval; D015195:Drug Design; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004345:Drug Industry / Q000191:economics / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends; D006801:Humans