title: Therapeutic potential of adenovirus as a vaccine vector for chronic virus infections.
abstract: Therapeutic vaccines for chronic infections and cancer are needed. Challenges faced by therapeutic vaccines differ from those of preventative vaccines. Whereas the latter target a naive immune system, the former have to readjust an antigen-experienced immune system that is subverted due to sustained exposure to antigen. E1-deleted adenoviral vectors have succeeded preclinically as preventative vaccines and are now in clinical trials. Their potential as therapeutic vaccines for diseases caused by chronic virus infections or virus-associated malignancies remains to be explored in more depth and may require modifications to circumvent negative immunoregulatory pathways that develop following chronic infections or during tumour progression.
authors.affiliation: The Wistar Institute, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
authors.forename: Dongming
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Hildegund C J
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Ertl
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D000941:Antigens / Q000737:chemistry; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D018450:Disease Progression; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D000941:Antigens; D019496:Cancer Vaccines