title: Acetone and Butanol Production by Clostridium acetobutylicum in a Synthetic Medium.
abstract: The effect of the component concentrations of a synthetic medium on acetone and butanol fermentation by Clostridium acetobutylicum ATCC 824 was investigated. Cell growth was dependent on the presence of Mg, Fe, and K in the medium. Mg and Mn had deleterious effects when in excess. Ammonium acetate in excess caused acid fermentation. The metabolism was composed of two phases: an acid phase and a solvent one. Low concentrations of glucose allowed the first phase only. The theoretical ratio of the conversion of glucose to solvents, which was 28 to 33%, was obtained with the following medium: MgSO(4), 50 to 200 mg/liter; MnSO(4), 0 to 20 mg/liter; KCl, 0.015 to 8 g/liter (an equivalent concentration of K was supplied in the form of KH(2)PO(4) and K(2)HPO(4)); FeSO(4), 1 to 50 mg/liter; ammonium acetate, 1.1 to 2.2 g/liter; para-aminobenzoic acid, 1 mg/liter; biotin, 0.01 mg/liter; glucose, 20 to 60 g/liter.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire des Sciences du Génie Chimique, CNRS-ENSIC, 54042 Nancy, Cedex, France, and Université de Nancy I, Laboratoire de Chimie Biologique I, 54037 Nancy, Cedex, France.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Monot
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Petitdemange
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gay