[Ecological protection and sustainable utilization of Erhai Lake, Yunnan].
Economic development and increase of population pressure have caused a series of ecological environmental problems of Erhai Lake. These problems include: (1) Quickening of eutrophication process, (2) Decrease of water level and water resources, (3) Habitat deterioration of lakeside zone, and (4) Overfishing and slow depletion of aboriginal fish. Pollutant loading of Erhai Lake is as follows: COD(Cr) 3 008 t x a(-1), TP 137.31 t x a(-1), TN 1 426.35 t x a(-1). According to the mestrophic target of water quality, loading of nitrogen and phosphorus is far above environmental capacity of Erhai Lake. Erhai Lake is now in a pivotal and hypersensitive period of trophic states change, and the position is very critical. Therefore, some countermeasures to solve the problems are presented as follows: (1) Defining the dominant functions of Erhai Lake, (2) Paying attention to the adjustment of the industrial structure and distribution in the course of urbanization, (3) Setting up lakeside zone reserve, (4) Strengthening the control of tourism pollution, (5) Properly adjusting the water level of Erhai Lake, and (6) Some ecological engineering measures for water resources protection in the basin should be taken through collecting and treating of urban sewages, ecological rehabilitating of the main inflowing rivers, constructing of ecological agricultures and improving of rural environment, ecological restoring of aquatic ecosystem, and soil and water conservation.
Yan
Chang-Zhou
CZ
Key Laboratory of System Ecology, Research Center of Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing.
Jin
Xiang-Can
XC
Zhao
Jing-Zhu
JZ
Shen
Bing
B
Li
Ning-Bo
NB
Huang
Chang-Zhu
CZ
Xiong
Zhong-Hua
ZH
D002681:China; D003247:Conservation of Natural Resources; D004463:Ecology; D017753:Ecosystem; D004787:Environmental Pollution / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005068:Eutrophication; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D010758:Phosphorus / Q000032:analysis; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*
D014873:Water Pollutants; D010758:Phosphorus; D009584:Nitrogen