title: Gastroesophageal reflux disease and extraesophageal disease.
abstract: The patient with extraesophageal manifestations of gastroesophageal reflux disease presents a clinical challenge. Symptom presentation overlaps with other otolaryngologic and pulmonary disease, and heartburn might be infrequent or absent. Endoscopy and pH monitoring are insensitive and therefore not useful in many patients as diagnostic modalities. Thus, antisecretory therapy is used as both a diagnostic trial and as therapy in the majority. Attention to optimizing therapy and judicious use of endoscopy and reflux monitoring are needed to minimize cost and maximize success.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Albert Einstein Medical Center, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA.
authors.forename: Philip O
authors.initials: PO
authors.lastname: Katz
mesh_terms: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001249:Asthma / Q000150:complications*; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage; D050782:Esophageal pH Monitoring; D005745:Gastric Acidity Determination; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000150:complications; D006801:Humans; D064747:Lansoprazole; D008171:Lung Diseases / Q000150:complications; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D010038:Otorhinolaryngologic Diseases / Q000150:complications; D000077402:Pantoprazole; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D013454:Sulfoxides / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D054328:Proton Pump Inhibitors; D013454:Sulfoxides; D064747:Lansoprazole; D000077402:Pantoprazole; D009853:Omeprazole