title: Monitoring lipase-catalyzed interesterification for bulky fat modification with FT-IR/NIR spectroscopy.
abstract: This work demonstrates the application of FT-IR and FT-NIR spectroscopy to monitor the enzymatic interesterification process for bulky fat modification. The reaction was conducted between palm stearin and coconut oil (70:30, w/w) with the catalysis of Lipozyme TL IM at 70 degrees C in a batch reactor. The blends and interesterified fat samples in liquid form were measured by attenuated total reflectance based FT-IR (spectra region, 1516-781 cm(-1)) and transmission mode based FT-NIR (spectra region, 5369-4752 cm(-1)) with the temperature of both controlled at 70 degrees C. The samples in solid form were also measured by reflectance-based FT-NIR (spectra regions, 7037-6039 and 5995-5612 cm(-1)) at room temperature. Calibrations of FT-IR and FT-NIR for conversion degrees (evaluated by triglyceride profile), solid fat contents (SFC), and dropping points of interesterified products were carried out by using partial least-squares regression. High correlations (r > 0.96) were obtained from cross validations of the data estimated by FT-IR, FT-NIR, and the above-mentioned conventional analytical methods, except for correlations (r = 0.90-0.95) between FT-IR and SFC profiles. Overall, FT-NIR spectroscopy coupled with transmission mode measured at 70 degrees C had the highest correlations, which also had the closest conditions to the sampled products in the process, indicating a great potential for implementation as an on-line control for monitoring the enzymatic interesterification process.
authors.affiliation: BioCentrum-DTU, Technical University of Denmark, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark.
authors.forename: Tinghong
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Xuxin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ib
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Søndergaard
authors.forename: Xuebing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xu
mesh_terms: D002138:Calibration; D002384:Catalysis; D000074263:Coconut Oil; D003059:Cocos / Q000737:chemistry; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000032:analysis*; D004952:Esters / Q000737:chemistry*; D008049:Lipase / Q000737:chemistry*; D000073878:Palm Oil; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D019265:Spectroscopy, Near-Infrared; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D004041:Dietary Fats; D004952:Esters; D010938:Plant Oils; D000073878:Palm Oil; D008049:Lipase; D000074263:Coconut Oil