title: Comparison of early endoscopic ultrasonography and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography in the management of acute biliary pancreatitis: a prospective randomized study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The role and potential benefits of endoscopic ultrasonography (EUS) in the management of acute biliary pancreatitis have not been documented. We report a large prospective randomized study comparing early EUS and endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP) in the management of these patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective randomized study was performed on 140 patients with acute pancreatitis suspected to have a biliary cause. The patients were randomized to have EUS (n = 70) or ERCP (n = 70) within 24 hours from admission. In the EUS group, when EUS detected choledocholithiasis, therapeutic ERCP was performed during the same endoscopy session. In the ERCP group, diagnostic ERCP was performed, followed by therapeutic endoscopy when choledocholithiasis was detected.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Examination of the biliary tree by EUS was successful in all patients in the EUS group, whereas cannulation of the common duct during ERCP was unsuccessful in 10 patients (14%) in the ERCP group (P = .001). Combined percutaneous ultrasonography and ERCP missed detection of cholelithiasis in 6 patients in the ERCP group. The overall morbidity rate was 7% in the EUS group, and that in the ERCP group was 14% (P = .172). The hospital stay and mortality rates were comparable in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In selected patients with acute biliary pancreatitis, EUS could safely replace diagnostic ERCP in the management for selecting patients with choledocholithiasis for therapeutic ERCP with a higher successful examination rate, a higher sensitivity in the detection of cholelithiasis, and a comparable morbidity rate.
authors.affiliation: Centre for the Study of Liver Disease, The University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong, China. clliu@hkucc.hku.hk
authors.forename: Chi Leung
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Sheung Tat
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Fan
authors.forename: Chung Mau
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lo
authors.forename: Wai Kuen
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Tso
authors.forename: Yik
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Ronnie T P
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Poon
authors.forename: Chi Ming
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Benjamin C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002760:Cholangiopancreatography, Endoscopic Retrograde / Q000379:methods*; D002769:Cholelithiasis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery; D019160:Endosonography; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019283:Pancreatitis, Acute Necrotizing / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome