title: The South African and Namibian populations of the resurrection plant Myrothamnus flabellifolius are genetically distinct and display variation in their galloylquinic acid composition.
abstract: The polyphenol contents and compositions in desiccated leaves of Myrothamnus flabellifolius plants collected in various locations in Namibia and South Africa were analyzed using UV spectroscopy and high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. A study of the genetic relatedness of these populations was also performed by determination of the DNA sequence of the intergenic spacer region between the psbA and the trnH genes in the chloroplast genome. Namibian M. flabellifolius plants contained significantly more polyphenols than South African plants. Namibian plants essentially contained a single polyphenol, 3,4,5-tri-O-galloylquinic acid, whereas South African plants contained a variety of galloylquinic acids including 3,4,5-tri-O-galloylquinic acid together with higher molecular weight galloylquinic acids. Sequence analysis revealed a 1.4% divergence between Namibian and South African plants corresponding to the separation of these populations of approximately 4 x 10(6) years. The significance of the poly-phenol content and composition to the desiccation tolerance of the two populations is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Cellular Biology, University of Cape Town, Private Bag, Rondebosch 7701, South Africa.
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Moore
authors.forename: Jill M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Farrant
authors.forename: George G
authors.initials: GG
authors.lastname: Lindsey
authors.forename: Wolf F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Brandt
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D018742:DNA, Chloroplast / Q000235:genetics; D005707:Gallic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D019684:Magnoliopsida / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics*; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009276:Namibia; D011801:Quinic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D013019:South Africa; D013045:Species Specificity; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet
chemical_list: D018742:DNA, Chloroplast; D011801:Quinic Acid; D005707:Gallic Acid; C061995:3,4,5-tri-O-galloylquinic acid