title: Melatonin corrects reticuloendothelial blockade and iron status in haemodialysed patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Treatment of anaemia in haemodialysed patients in the setting of inflammation usually displays high levels of serum ferritin (>800 ng/mL) and low transferrin saturation (TSAT) (<20%) despite i.v. iron supplementation, thus proving iron trapping in the reticuloendothelial system. Melatonin has been reported to reduce cytokine production and, in dialysis patients, to prevent oxidative stress resulting from iron and erythropoietin treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we evaluated a group of 10 patients undergoing haemodialysis who displayed elevated serum ferritin (981 +/- 44.6 ng/mL) and TSAT <20% (15.6 +/- 3.8%) after having received 1.2 g of i.v. iron dextran over a period of 8 weeks. These patients received oral melatonin, 6 mg/day at night for 30 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After this treatment, all of them markedly increased TSAT values, reaching 35.5 +/- 6.7% (P < 0.0001 vs basal values). In addition, ferritin values decreased to 754.4 +/- 263.7 ng/mL (P < 0.05), and serum iron dramatically increased in all of the patients under study (42.4 +/- 9.4 vs 109.7 +/- 24.3 microg/dL; P < 0.0001). Values for haematocrit (28.6 +/- 2.7 vs 31.9 +/- 3.57%; P < 0.05) and haemoglobin (9.19 +/- 0.97 vs 10.04 +/- 1.29 g/dL; P < 0.05) were also improved. Measurements were then repeated 2 weeks after melatonin withdrawal, showing an impressive decrease in TSAT (16.4 +/- 5.3%; P < 0.00001) and serum iron (48 +/- 14.7 microg/dL; P < 0.0001) values and an almost significant increase in ferritin values (954.4 +/- 86 ng/mL; P < 0.054).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study demonstrates that melatonin may strongly correct the reticuloendothelial blockade seen in dialysis patients under an inflammatory status, thus allowing a better management of iron derangements and renal anaemia.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Nefrología, Hospital Santojanni, Buenos Aires, Argentina. wlabonia@movi.com.ar
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Labonia
authors.forename: Debora
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arias
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000032:analysis; D006400:Hematocrit; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D007505:Iron-Dextran Complex / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008550:Melatonin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012157:Mononuclear Phagocyte System / Q000378:metabolism*; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D014168:Transferrin / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D014168:Transferrin; D004921:Erythropoietin; D007505:Iron-Dextran Complex; D005293:Ferritins; D007501:Iron; D008550:Melatonin