title: Effect of suspension systems on the physiological and psychological responses to sub-maximal biking on simulated smoothand bumpy tracks.
abstract: The aim of this study was to compare the physiological and psychological responses of cyclists riding on a hard tail bicycle and on a full suspension bicycle. Twenty males participated in two series of tests. A test rig held the front axle of the bicycle steady while the rear wheel rotated against a heavy roller with bumps (or no bumps) on its surface. In the first series of tests, eight participants (age 19-27 years, body mass 65-82 kg) were tested on both the full suspension and hard tail bicycles with and without bumps fitted to the roller. The second series of test repeated the bump tests with a further six participants (age 22-31 years, body mass 74-94 kg) and also involved an investigation of familiarization effects with the final six participants (age 21-30 years, body mass 64-80 kg). Heart rate, oxygen consumption (VO(2)), rating of perceived exertion (RPE) and comfort were recorded during 10 min sub-maximal tests. Combined data for the bumps tests show that the full suspension bicycle was significantly different (P < 0.001) from the hard tail bicycle on all four measures. Oxygen consumption, heart rate and RPE were lower on average by 8.7 (s = 3.6) ml . kg(-1) . min(-1), 32.1 (s = 12.1) beats . min(-1) and 2.6 (s = 2.0) units, respectively. Comfort scores were higher (better) on average by 1.9 (s = 0.8) units. For the no bumps tests, the only statistically significant difference (P = 0.008) was in VO(2), which was lower for the hard tail bicycle by 2.2 (s = 1.7) ml . kg(-1) . min(-1). The results indicate that the full suspension bicycle provides a physiological and psychological advantage over the hard tail bicycle during simulated sub-maximal exercise on bumps.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Titlestad
authors.forename: Tony
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fairlie-Clarke
authors.forename: Arthur
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Whittaker
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Davie
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Watt
authors.forename: Stanley
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Grant
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D004739:England; D005080:Exercise Test; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000379:methods; D012606:Scotland