title: Validation of the use of foreign gas rebreathing method for non-invasive determination of cardiac output in heart disease patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare a new device (Innocor) for non-invasive measurement of cardiac output (CO) by foreign gas rebreathing method with conventional techniques used in the measurements of cardiac function.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cardiac outputs measured by Innocor (CO(RB)) were compared with CO obtained by echocardiography (CO(EC)), Swan-Ganz thermodilution (CO(TD)), and left ventricle radiography (CO(LVR)) in 34 patients subjected to cardiac catheterization. Values obtained from the four methods were analyzed by linear regression and paired values were compared by the method of Bland and Altman in SPSS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was strong positive correlation (r=0.94) between Innocor cardiac output values and the corresponding values obtained by thermodilution and between CO(EC) and CO(LVR) values. Thermodilution appears to overestimate cardiac output when compared to the values obtained with Innocor by (0.66+/-0.22) L/min (P<0.0001). There was no correlation between data obtained by Innocor and the corresponding CO(EC) and CO(LVR) values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Innocor CO(RB) is an easy, safe and well established method for non-invasive measurement of cardiac output with good prospects for clinical application in heart disease patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310016, China. dongl@mail.hz.zj.cn
authors.forename: Liang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Dong
authors.forename: Jian-an
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chen-yang
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001944:Breath Tests / Q000379:methods*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D002302:Cardiac Output; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006334:Heart Function Tests / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D002245:Carbon Dioxide