title: Near-critical carbon dioxide extraction and liquid chromatography determination of UV filters in solid cosmetic samples: a green analytical procedure.
abstract: Near-critical carbon dioxide extraction of four UV filters used as sunscreens in lipsticks and makeup formulations is reported. Extraction parameters were optimized. Efficient recoveries were obtained after 15 min of dynamic extraction with a 80:20 CO2/ethanol mixture at 300 atm and 54 degrees C, using a 1.8 mL/min flow rate. Extracts were collected in ethanol, and appropriately diluted with ethanol and 1% acetic acid to obtain a 70:30 v/v ethanol/1% acetic acid solution. The four UV filters were determined by LC with gradient elution using ethanol/1% acetic acid as mobile phase. The accuracy of the analytical procedure was estimated by comparing the results with those obtained by methods based on classical extraction. The proposed method only requires the use of CO2, ethanol and acetic acid avoiding the use of more toxic organic solvents, thus it could be considered as both operator and environment friendly.
authors.affiliation: Analytical Chemistry Department, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Valencia, Spain. amparo.salvador@uv.es
authors.forename: Amparo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Salvador
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chisvert
authors.forename: Maria-Angeles
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Jaime
mesh_terms: D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D003358:Cosmetics / Q000737:chemistry*; D013473:Sunscreening Agents / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D003358:Cosmetics; D013473:Sunscreening Agents; D002245:Carbon Dioxide