title: Massive blood loss and transfusion in obstetrics and gynecology.
abstract: Massive perioperative or periparturitional bleeding occasionally occurs in obstetric and gynecologic patients. Placenta previa, uterine atony, and ectopic pregnancy are just a few examples of many conditions that could predispose patients to significant blood loss. Therefore, it is important for physicians specializing in obstetrics and gynecology to be proficient in managing episodes of massive hemorrhage and the practice of the most commonly used blood components. We review and update the management of massive hemorrhage for obstetrics and gynecologic patients. In addition, we explore blood component therapy, its risks and benefits.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Obstetricians & Gynecologists, Family Physicians Learning.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  After completion of this article, the reader should be able to explain the necessity of being proficient in managing episodes of massive hemorrhage, list the indications for use of various blood components, and summarize the risks and benefits of blood component therapy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gynecologic Oncology, The West Clinic, University of Tennessee Health Science Center; Memphis, Tennessee 38120, USA. jsantoso@westclinic.com
authors.forename: Joseph T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Santoso
authors.forename: Brook A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Saunders
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Grosshart
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D016913:Blood Component Transfusion / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D006176:Gynecology; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D009774:Obstetrics