title: Prostatopexy as a treatment for urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence in male dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The incidence of urinary incontinence due to urethral sphincter mechanism incompetence (USMI) in male dogs is relatively rare compared with the incidence in bitches, but the medical management of USMI in male dogs is less rewarding than in bitches. Attempts have been made to manage this condition surgically using either urethral bulking agents such as Teflon or by relocating the intrapelvic bladder neck to an intra-abdominal position by vas deferentopexy. This paper reports the response to prostatopexy in male dogs with USMI.
  
  
  METHODS
  The response to prostatopexy was determined in nine severely incontinent male dogs with USMI that were followed up for periods ranging from 10 months to five years (mean 2.3 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  One dog was cured, four were improved, and no improvement in the frequency or degree of urinary incontinence occurred in the remaining four animals. No complications were seen in any of the dogs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prostatopexy may provide a further method of treating male dogs with USMI that do not respond to medical therapy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Companion Animal Studies, Department of Clinical Veterinary Science, University of Bristol, Langford.
authors.forename: P E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Holt
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Coe
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hotston Moore
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D004285:Dogs; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000662:veterinary; D011467:Prostate / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014521:Urethra / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D014522:Urethral Diseases / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*