title: Reverse sample genome probing, a new technique for identification of bacteria in environmental samples by DNA hybridization, and its application to the identification of sulfate-reducing bacteria in oil field samples.
abstract: A novel method for the identification of bacteria in environmental samples by DNA hybridization is presented. It is based on the fact that, even within a genus, the genomes of different bacteria may have little overall sequence homology. This allows the use of the labeled genomic DNA of a given bacterium (referred to as a "standard") to probe for its presence and that of bacteria with highly homologous genomes in total DNA obtained from an environmental sample. Alternatively, total DNA extracted from the sample can be labeled and used to probe filters on which denatured chromosomal DNA from relevant bacterial standards has been spotted. The latter technique is referred to as reverse sample genome probing, since it is the reverse of the usual practice of deriving probes from reference bacteria for analyzing a DNA sample. Reverse sample genome probing allows identification of bacteria in a sample in a single step once a master filter with suitable standards has been developed. Application of reverse sample genome probing to the identification of sulfate-reducing bacteria in 31 samples obtained primarily from oil fields in the province of Alberta has indicated that there are at least 20 genotypically different sulfate-reducing bacteria in these samples.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biochemistry, Department of Biological Sciences, The University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta T2N 1N4, and Department of Microbiology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta T6G 2E9, Canada.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Voordouw
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Voordouw
authors.forename: R R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Karkhoff-Schweizer
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Fedorak
authors.forename: D W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Westlake