title: The influence of caffeine on nicotine's discriminative stimulus, subjective, and reinforcing effects.
abstract: Caffeine may acutely alter the discriminative stimulus and subjective effects of nicotine, perhaps explaining the association of coffee intake with smoking status. In this study, smokers were initially trained to discriminate 20 microg/kg nicotine by nasal spray from placebo (0). Then, generalization of nicotine discrimination was tested, using both 2- and 3-choice ("novel" option) procedures, across a range of doses (0-20 microg/kg) following pretreatment with 0, 2.5, and 5.0 mg/kg caffeine p.o. Nicotine reinforcement was assessed after the end of generalization testing using a choice procedure. Caffeine pretreatment did not alter nicotine discrimination and self-administration. Caffeine and nicotine influenced some subjective and cardiovascular responses, but there were no interaction effects except for diastolic blood pressure. These results do not support the notion that caffeine acutely alters nicotine's discriminative stimulus, subjective, or reinforcing effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh School of Medicine, PA 15213, USA. perkinska@upmc.edu
authors.forename: Kenneth A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Perkins
authors.forename: Carolyn
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fonte
authors.forename: Amy
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Stolinski
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Blakesley-Ball
authors.forename: Annette S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Wilson
mesh_terms: D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000284:Administration, Oral; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002110:Caffeine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D004193:Discrimination Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004347:Drug Interactions; D005731:Ganglionic Stimulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology; D012646:Self Administration
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D005731:Ganglionic Stimulants; D002110:Caffeine; D009538:Nicotine