title: Diurnal rhythm of blood pressure, heart rate and adrenergic activity in patients with normotension treated with continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis and haemodialysis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  People with normotension and with essential hypertension are subjected to the diurnal rhythm of blood pressure (BP) with higher values during the day than during the night. Among dialysed patients nocturnal reduction of BP is blunted. The aim of the study was to evaluate diurnal BP rhythm and adrenergic activity measured as values of catecholamines.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study was performed among dialysed patients with normotension: 13 haemodialysed patients (HD), 8 patients treated by continuous ambulatory peritoneal dialysis (CAPD) and 10 controls (C). Ambulatory BP monitoring (ABPM) was done by using Micro SJ7400 AMP device. Catecholamines concentrations were measured by HPLC-ED method before and after cold pressure test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no significant difference between manual measurements of BP done by dialysis nurses and mean values of 24-hours ABPM in CAPD group and C group and 48-hours ABPM among HD patients. Diurnal BP was blunted in 80% of HD patients during the day of haemodialysis, 70% during the day without haemodialysis and in CAPD group in 50%. Heart rate (HR) variability was comparable in HD and CAPD groups and significant lower than in C group. Baseline noradrenaline (NA) as well as NA (ng/ml) post cold pressure test levels were significantly higher among HD patients (463 +/- 21, 546 +/- 31) and CAPD patients (452 +/- 76, 527 +/- 92) as compared with C (206 +/- 53*, 315 +/- 61*). (x +/- SD), *p<0.001
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite increased adrenergic activity and altered diurnal rhythmof BP and HR exist in dialysed patients we didn't find directly relationship. Another or composed factors couldaffect diurnal rhythm of BP and HR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Skubiszewski Medical School of Lublin, Poland. iwona_gaszczyk@pharmanet.com.pl
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Baranowicz-Gaszczyk
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jóźwiak
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bednarek-Skublewska
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ksiazek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D018660:Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology*; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000097:blood*; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory; D006435:Renal Dialysis
chemical_list: D009638:Norepinephrine; D004837:Epinephrine