title: Diabetes, smoking, and other medical conditions in relation to Parkinson's disease risk.
abstract: Associations of Parkinson's disease (PD) with diabetes mellitus (DM) and other medical conditions were investigated in a case-control study of 352 newly diagnosed PD case and 484 control subjects. Men with DM had a significantly lower risk of PD, than men without DM (odds ratio (OR) = 0.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.28, 0.97), whereas the association in women was weaker (OR = 0.80, 95% CI = 0.35, 1.83). PD risk was reduced among male and female smokers, with and without diabetes. However, among diabetics, the PD risk was especially reduced in non-smoking men (OR = 0.09, 95% CI = 0.02, 0.44). Other medical conditions showed no strong relations with PD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, 98195-7234, USA.
authors.forename: Karen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Powers
authors.forename: Terri
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Smith-Weller
authors.forename: Gary M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Franklin
authors.forename: W T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Longstreth
authors.forename: Phillip D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Swanson
authors.forename: Harvey
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Checkoway
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014861:Washington / Q000453:epidemiology