The efficacy of omega-3 fatty acids on cognitive function in aging and dementia: a systematic review.
We systematically reviewed the published literature on the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on measures of cognitive function in normal aging, incidence and treatment of dementia. Computerized databases were searched for published literature to identify potentially relevant studies with the intent to conduct a meta-analysis. We screened 5,865 titles, reviewed 497 studies of which 49 underwent a detailed review, and found 5 studies that pertained to our objectives. We included controlled clinical trials and observational studies, including prospective cohort, case-control, and case series designs; we excluded case reports. We had no language restrictions. We abstracted data on the effects of omega-3 fatty acids and on study design, relevant outcomes, study population, source, type, amount, and duration of omega-3 fatty acid consumption, and parameters of methodological quality. A single cohort study has assessed the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on cognitive function with normal aging and found no association for fish or total omega-3 consumption. In four studies that assessed the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on incidence and treatment of dementia, a trend in favor of omega-3 fatty acids (fish and total omega-3 consumption) toward reducing risk of dementia and improving cognitive function was reported. The available data are insufficient to draw strong conclusions about the effects of omega-3 fatty acids on cognitive function in normal aging or on the incidence or treatment of dementia. However, limited evidence suggests a possible association between omega-3 fatty acids and reduced risk of dementia.
Issa
Amalia M
AM
The Southern California Evidence-Based Practice Center - RAND Health, Santa Monica, CA, USA.
Mojica
Walter A
WA
Morton
Sally C
SC
Traina
Shana
S
Newberry
Sydne J
SJ
Hilton
Lara G
LG
Garland
Rena H
RH
Maclean
Catherine H
CH
D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology*; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003704:Dementia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3 / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans
D015525:Fatty Acids, Omega-3