title: A candidate gene approach to searching for low-penetrance breast and prostate cancer genes.
abstract: Most cases of breast and prostate cancer are not associated with mutations in known high-penetrance genes, indicating the involvement of multiple low-penetrance risk alleles. Studies that have attempted to identify these genes have met with limited success. The National Cancer Institute Breast and Prostate Cancer Cohort Consortium--a pooled analysis of multiple large cohort studies with a total of more than 5,000 cases of breast cancer and 8,000 cases of prostate cancer--was therefore initiated. The goal of this consortium is to characterize variations in approximately 50 genes that mediate two pathways that are associated with these cancers--the steroid-hormone metabolism pathway and the insulin-like growth factor signalling pathway--and to associate these variations with cancer risk.
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mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D052138:Genes, Neoplasm; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019683:Penetrance; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones