Muscle-targeted deletion of VEGF and exercise capacity in mice.
Methods to study exercise are evolving from classically integrative organ approaches towards the more fundamental cellular reactions. While in vitro cellular and molecular methods are well established, only recently has in vivo molecular manipulation been widely used. This review discusses two complementary methods for determining in vivo the significance of one gene thought important to exercise: vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF). Because VEGF deletion is embryonically lethal, its study requires conditional and/or organ-targeted strategies. We inactivated the muscle VEGF gene in two ways:
Wagner
Peter D
PD
Division of Physiology, Department of Medicine, University of California, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, DEPT 0623A, La Jolla, CA 92093, USA. pdwagner@ucsd.edu
Olfert
I Mark
IM
Tang
Kechun
K
Breen
Ellen C
EC
D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D002196:Capillaries / Q000502:physiology; D017353:Gene Deletion; D005818:Genetic Engineering / Q000379:methods; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D008019:Life Style; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D023421:Models, Animal; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000235:genetics; D018485:Muscle Fibers, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000235:genetics; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics*
D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C467480:vascular endothelial growth factor A, mouse