title: Surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation.
abstract: This article reviews the fundamentals of surgical treatment of atrial fibrillation. The clinical classification, pathophysiology, medical treatment strategy, and catheter-based interventions are also included. The Cox-Maze III procedure was developed over based on experiences of several operations which proceeded it. The operation is complex but results are excellent with over 90% of patients in normal sinus rhythm or regular atrial rhythm. Several modifications have been devised using various energies to ablate atrial myocardium as a means of extending surgical incisions to simplify the Maze III operation. Techniques and results of these operations are reviewed. Modified operations offering about 80% restoration of sinus rhythm are attractive to more surgeons because of the reduced complexity and time of operation.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiothoracic Surgery, University of Utah School of Medicine, LDS Hospital, 324 Tenth Avenue, Salt Lake City, UT 84103, USA. ldddoty@ihc.com
authors.forename: Donald B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Doty