title: First steps in antenatal diagnosis, 1956.
abstract: The original observation by the Canadians Barr and Bertram (Nature 163:676-677, 1949), that the nuclei of female cells from several species contained a small body, the sex chromatin, opened the possibility of sex determination in human epithelial and haematological cells. 7 years later it further led to the scientific question, whether or not human amniotic cells were sufficiently well-preserved and numerous that they could form the basis for a reliable sex diagnosis of the human fetus. A technical condition was to test the safety and reliability of the physical access to the amniotic cavity, which needed co-operation between geneticists and obstetricians. The article describes the first Danish steps in 1956 that led to the subsequent success of antenatal diagnosis as part of clinical genetics.
authors.forename: Povl
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Riis
mesh_terms: D003718:Denmark; D005260:Female; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000266:history* / Q000639:trends; D012732:Sex Determination Analysis / Q000266:history