title: Symptom endorsement of alcohol and other substance abuse and dependence criteria among American-Indian adolescents in residential substance abuse treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study addresses the prevalence of DSM-IV substance abuse and dependence and the endorsement of specific symptoms of these disorders among American Indian adolescents admitted to a residential substance abuse treatment program.
  
  
  METHODS
  We interviewed 89 American Indian adolescents using the Composite International Diagnostic Interview-Substance Abuse Module (CIDI-SAM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The most frequent diagnoses included marijuana dependence (51.7%), followed by alcohol abuse and dependence (33.7% each) and marijuana abuse (32.6%). Among the three substances with the highest prevalence of any use disorder (alcohol, marijuana and stimulants), the most frequently endorsed abuse criterion was Impaired Role Obligations. The two most frequently endorsed dependence criteria were Use Despite Substance-Related Psychological/Physical Problems and Unsuccessful Attempts to Quit/Cut down on substance use.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These American Indian adolescents presented to a residential substance abuse treatment program with serious, highly complex substance use disorders that represent substantial challenges to effective treatment.
authors.affiliation: University of Colorado Health Sciences Center, Nighthorse Campbell Native Health Bldg, Mail Stop F800, PO Box 6508, Aurora, CO 80045-0508, USA. alexandra.fickenscher@uchsc.edu
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fickenscher
authors.forename: Douglas K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Novins
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beals
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000437:Alcoholism / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D002391:Catchment Area, Health; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D002189:Marijuana Abuse / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000534:rehabilitation; D015995:Prevalence; D012114:Residential Treatment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology