Situational correlates of abstinence self-efficacy.
Little is known about the situations that are associated with changes in self-efficacy during an attempt to quit smoking. In this study, 214 smokers used palmtop computers to record momentary self-efficacy ratings and situational context during a quit attempt. Higher urge to smoke and negative affect were associated with reduced self-efficacy. Although alcohol and coffee consumption are associated with heightened lapse risk, they were unrelated to abstinence self-efficacy. Individuals with low baseline self-efficacy generally reported lower self-efficacy across situations, but these differences were more pronounced under conditions of high urge and negative affect. These results suggest that self-efficacy may be reactive to affect-motivational states during a quit attempt. Whether these influences represent cognitive biases or objective risk assessments is not known.
Gwaltney
Chad J
CJ
Center for Alcohol and Addiction Studies, Department of Community Health, Brown University, Providence, RI 02912, USA. chad_gwaltney@brown.edu
Shiffman
Saul
S
Sayette
Michael A
MA
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020377:Self Efficacy; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000523:psychology; D012931:Social Environment