title: Hood versus mask nebulization in infants with evolving bronchopulmonary dysplasia in the neonatal intensive care unit.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare infants' discomfort, nursing-time and caregiver preference, and assess the clinical efficiency (as a secondary outcome) of hood versus facemask nebulization in infants with evolving bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) in the neonatal intensive care unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, open, randomized, controlled crossover clinical trial. In total, 10 infants with BPD who were on inhaled beta-agonist bronchodilators and corticosteroids were randomly assigned to receive their nebulized treatments either by a facemask, or by a hood for 2-3 days, and then crossover to receive the same treatments with the other technique for another 2-3 days. Infants' discomfort, nursing-time, caregiver preference and clinical efficiency were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At baseline there was no significant clinical difference between the groups. Nurse-time required for administering the hood nebulization (mean+/-s.e.m.: 1.9+/-0.1 min) was significantly shorter than the time for mask nebulization (12.0+/-0.6 min, P<0.0001). Infants' discomfort score was significantly lower (0.1+/-0.04) for hood versus mask nebulization (2.5+/-0.2, P<0.0001). Nurses and parents unequivocally preferred the hood treatment. During both mask and hood nebulization therapies (2-3 days) clinical efficiency was comparable. While both methods caused an immediate (20 min post) clinical improvement, the immediate respiratory assessment change score was significantly greater for the hood versus the mask nebulization (0.62+/-0.27 versus 0.13+/-0.14, P<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nebulization of aerosolized medications in infants with evolving BPD by hood was less time-consuming for caregivers and was much better tolerated by the infants while being at least as effective as the conventional facemask nebulization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Bnai Zion Medical Center, Haifa, Israel. dramir@netvision.net.il
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kugelman
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Amirav
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mor
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Riskin
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bader
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000336:Aerosols; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D001997:Bronchopulmonary Dysplasia / Q000188:drug therapy*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007185:Incubators; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007363:Intensive Care Units, Neonatal; D008297:Male; D008397:Masks; D009330:Nebulizers and Vaporizers; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D000336:Aerosols; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents