title: Modified RV short axis series--a new method for cardiac MRI measurement of right ventricular volumes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The current standard image orientation employed in the MRI assessment of right ventricular volumes uses a series of short axis cine acquisitions located with respect to a horizontal long axis view with the first slice placed across the atrio-ventricular valve plane at end diastole. Inherent inaccuracies are encountered with the use of this image orientation due to difficulty in defining the tricuspid valve and the border between atrium and ventricle on the resultant images. Our experience indicates that because the tricuspid valve is usually not in-plane in the slice the atrio-ventricular margin is difficult to distinguish. This leads to inaccuracies in measurements at the base of the RV and miscalculation of the RV volume. The purpose of this study was to assess an alternative method of image orientation aimed at increasing the accuracy of RV volume measurements using current commercially available CMRI sequences. This technique, the modified RV short axis series, is oriented to the outflow tract of the right ventricle.
  
  
  METHODS
  We undertook a prospective study of 50 post cardiac transplant patients. A series of LV short axis multi-slice cine acquisition FIESTA images was acquired using the current standard technique. From this data set, LV and RV stroke volumes were derived on an Advantage Windows workstation using planimetry of the endocardial and epicardial borders in end systole and end diastole. Our new technique involved obtaining a set of multi-slice cine acquisition FIESTA images in a plane perpendicular to a line from the centre of the pulmonary valve to the apex of the RV. Planimetry of the RV was then performed and a stroke volume calculated using the same method of analysis. RV stroke volumes obtained from both techniques were compared with LV stroke volumes. Three operators independently derived RV data sets.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On the images acquired with the new technique, the tricuspid valve was easier to define leading to more accurate and reproducible planimetry of ventricular borders. RV stroke volumes calculated from the new method showed better agreement with LV stroke volumes than with the current method. These results were consistent across the three operators.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This new method improves visualisation of the tricuspid valve and makes analysis easier and less prone to operator error than the current standard technique for MRI assessment of RV volumes.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular MRI Research Centre, The Prince Charles Hospital, Rode Rd., Chermside, Queensland 4032, Australia. wendystrugnell@internode.on.net
authors.forename: Wendy E
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Strugnell
authors.forename: l Richard E
authors.initials: lR
authors.lastname: Slaughter
authors.forename: Robyn A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Trotter
authors.forename: Harry
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bartlett
mesh_terms: D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D016027:Heart Transplantation; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine; D009200:Myocardial Contraction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011664:Pulmonary Valve / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013318:Stroke Volume; D014261:Tricuspid Valve / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016278:Ventricular Function, Right