title: False aneurysm formation following cutting balloon angioplasty in the renal artery of a child.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the fortuitous discovery of a false aneurysm 7 years after cutting balloon angioplasty for severe renal artery fibromuscular dysplasia in a child.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 3-year-old girl with neurofibromatosis was referred to our institution because of high blood pressure (220/160 mmHg). Computed tomography identified coarctation of the aorta and severe bilateral renal artery stenoses. The coarctation was successfully resected. One month later, bilateral renal artery angioplasty with a 3-mm balloon was unsatisfactory, so a second angioplasty one month later was done with a 3.25-mm cutting balloon. This procedure was complicated by a minimal arterial rupture, which resolved spontaneously after inflation of a regular balloon. Normal blood pressure was restored. The child was lost to follow-up until 7 years later, when recurrent hypertension (200 mmHg systolic) prompted referral again. Arteriography showed a very severe stenosis on the right side and a 30-mm false aneurysm of the left renal artery at the rupture site. Due to her age, the patient underwent surgery, which brought the blood pressure under control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  False aneurysm of the renal arteries is a rare complication of percutaneous angioplasty. In a child, the cutting balloon would appear to be contraindicated for concentric dysplastic stenoses that are resistant to regular balloon angioplasty.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Radiology, Hôpital Cardiologique, CHRU de Lille, France. thomas.caramella@laposte.net
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Caramella
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lahoche
authors.forename: Ziad
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Negaiwi
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lions
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Willoteaux
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Boivin
authors.forename: Virginia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gaxotte
authors.forename: Jean-Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Beregi
mesh_terms: D017541:Aneurysm, False / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D000800:Angioplasty, Balloon / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D005352:Fibromuscular Dysplasia / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D012077:Renal Artery