title: Prognostic factors of Hodgkin's lymphoma and their impact on response to chemotherapy and survival.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to compare the standard prognostic factors of Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) in relation to response to first line chemotherapy, disease free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS).
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was performed on a group of 100 adult patients diagnosed as HL and who were treated and followed-up in the years 1999 to 2001, in the Medical Oncology Department at National Cancer Institute (NCI), Cairo. The first line chemotherapy was COPP in 40%, ABVD in 35% and COPP/ABV hybrid in 25%. Patients were classified into early stage disease: Stages I, IIA and IIB without poor risk factors, n=43 and advanced stage disease: Stages III, IV and IIB with poor risk factors, n=57 analysis of the prognostic factors for early versus advanced-stage disease was done by univariate and multivariate regression analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete remission (CR) was attained in 69% of the patients after first line chemotherapy; being 87.8 % and 54.7% for early and advanced disease, respectively, (p=0.0001). The CR rates after different chemotherapy regimens were 81.8%, 90% and 90% for the ABVD, COPP and COPP/ABV hybrid regimens in the early-disease group; respectively; in contrast to the corresponding figures of 54.5%, 50% and 61.5% in the advanced- stage group. The DFS at 4 years, was 94 %, 55% and 54.5% for the patients treated with ABVD, COPP and COPP/ABV hybrid, respectively (p=0.2). The DFS and OS in this series of patients were 61.3% and 53.7%, being 69.8% and 70.7% for the early and 45.1% and 38.9% for the advanced-disease, respectively The OS of the whole group was significantly related to age (p=0.04), sex (p=0.005), early versus advanced disease (p=0.0001) and B symptoms (p=0.0006).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The adequate response and DFS of the early compared to the advanced-stage disease supported the evolving role of risk adapted chemotherapy for HL. The prognostic factors proved to be of significant impact in our series. The results of this study pointed to the need for an improved treatment strategy in this potentially curable disease,especially for the advanced disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Oncology, NCI-Cairo, Cairo.
authors.forename: Thoraya M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Abdel Hamid
authors.forename: Heba M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: El Zawahry
authors.forename: Nabil A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Khattab
authors.forename: Tawheed M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Mowafy
authors.forename: Mahmoud M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Awaad
authors.forename: Nelly H
authors.initials: NH
authors.lastname: Ali El-Din
authors.forename: Nadia M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Mokhtar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D012074:Remission Induction; D012737:Sex Factors; D013534:Survival; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor