Endothelial progenitor cell dysfunction in type 1 diabetes: another consequence of oxidative stress?
Endothelial progenitor cells (EPC) have been shown to contribute to neovascularization and vascular maintenance and repair in adults. Recently, the concept has evolved that EPC dysfunction, in patients at risk for cardiovascular disease, may contribute to the development of atherosclerosis and ischemic vascular disease. Particularly, patients with diabetes mellitus are likely to be affected by EPC dysfunction as several studies have shown a reduced number and function of EPC in patients, as well as in preclinical models for type 1 diabetes. Here, we review our current understanding of EPC (dys)function in diabetes and discuss some potential mechanisms underlying their altered properties. Moreover, we provide circumstantial evidence indicating that increased oxidative stress could play a role in the development of EPC dysfunction in type 1 diabetes. Finally, we discuss the potential implication of our findings for EPC-based therapies and the potential impact of pharmacological interventions on the vascular regenerative capacity of EPC.
Loomans
Cindy J M
CJ
Department of Nephrology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands.
De Koning
Eelco J P
EJ
Staal
Frank J T
FJ
Rabelink
Ton J
TJ
Zonneveld
Anton-Jan Van
AJ
D000818:Animals; D002465:Cell Movement; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*
D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species