title: Adzuki resistant starch lowered serum cholesterol and hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-CoA mRNA levels and increased hepatic LDL-receptor and cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase mRNA levels in rats fed a cholesterol diet.
abstract: We examined the effects of adzuki bean resistant starch on serum cholesterol and hepatic mRNA in rats fed a cholesterol diet. The mRNA coded for key regulatory proteins of cholesterol metabolism. The control rats were fed 15 % cornstarch (basal diet, BD). The experimental rats were fed BD plus a 0.5 % cholesterol diet (CD), or a 15 % adzuki resistant starch plus 0.5 % cholesterol diet (ACD) for 4 weeks. The serum total cholesterol and VLDL + intermediate density lipoprotein + LDL-cholesterol levels in the ACD group were significantly lower than those in the CD group throughout the feeding period. The total hepatic cholesterol concentrations in the CD and ACD groups were not significantly different. The faecal total bile acid concentration in the ACD group was significantly higher than that in the BD and CD groups. Total SCFA and acetic acid concentrations in the ACD group were significantly higher than those in the CD group but there were no significant differences in the concentrations between the ACD and BD groups. The hepatic LDL-receptor mRNA and cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase mRNA levels in the ACD group were significantly higher than those in the CD group and the hepatic 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl (HMG)-CoA reductase mRNA level in the ACD group was significantly lower than in the CD group. The results suggest that adzuki resistant starch has a serum cholesterol-lowering function via enhancement of the hepatic LDL-receptor mRNA and cholesterol 7alpha-hydroxylase mRNA levels and faecal bile acid excretion, and a decrease in the hepatic HMG-CoA reductase mRNA level, when it is added to a cholesterol diet.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, Obihiro University of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, Obihiro, Hokkaido 080-8555, Japan.
authors.forename: Kyu-Ho
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Miharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Iijuka
authors.forename: Ken-ichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimada
authors.forename: Mitsuo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sekikawa
authors.forename: Katsuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuramochi
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohba
authors.forename: Liyanage
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ruvini
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Chiji
authors.forename: Michihiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fukushima
mesh_terms: D019342:Acetic Acid / Q000032:analysis; D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A / Q000032:analysis*; D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood*; D002790:Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000032:analysis*; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000032:analysis; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000032:analysis; D004032:Diet; D007887:Fabaceae / Q000378:metabolism*; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile / Q000032:analysis; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases / Q000032:analysis; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000032:analysis*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D013213:Starch / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000214:Acyl Coenzyme A; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D005232:Fatty Acids, Volatile; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011973:Receptors, LDL; C008047:3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl-coenzyme A; D013213:Starch; D002784:Cholesterol; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases; D002790:Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase; D019342:Acetic Acid