Burnout in the general population. Results from the Finnish Health 2000 Study.
BACKGROUND
Burnout is a chronic stress syndrome which develops gradually as a consequence of prolonged stress situation. Socio-demographic factors related to job-related burnout have not been studied in the whole population. We investigated the relative differences in the level of burnout between groups based on various socio-demographic factors in the population-based Finnish sample.


METHODS
The nationally representative sample comprised 3,424 employees aged 30-64 years. Burnout was assessed with the Maslach Burnout Inventory-General Survey. The socio-demographic factors of interest were gender, age, education, type of employment, work experience, socio-economic status (SES), working time, and marital status.


RESULTS
Only small differences in burnout were found between the different population groups. As a three-dimensional syndrome, burnout was associated with age. In contrast to what has been consistently reported so far, mostly among human service work and in non-representative studies, burnout seemed to increase somewhat with age. Among women, burnout was also related to education, SES, and work experience, and among men, to marital status.


CONCLUSIONS
Burnout can evolve in all kinds of vocational groups. It seems that age does not generally protect against burnout. A low education level and low social status carry a possible risk of burnout for women, and being single, divorced, or widowed carry a possible risk of burnout for men.
Ahola
Kirsi
K
Dept. of Psychology, Finnish Institute of Occupational Health, Topeliuksenkatu 41 a A, 00250, Helsinki, Finland. kirsi.ahola@occuphealth.fi
Honkonen
Tieja
T
Isometsä
Erkki
E
Kalimo
Raija
R
Nykyri
Erkki
E
Koskinen
Seppo
S
Aromaa
Arpo
A
Lönnqvist
Jouko
J
D000328:Adult; D002055:Burnout, Professional / Q000523:psychology*; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017132:Workplace / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*