title: Outcome evaluation of work hardening program for manual workers with work-related back injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to investigate the effectiveness of a 12-week work hardening program designed for back injured workers.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, 32 subjects were recruited. Pre- and post-assessment results were used to measure the program effectiveness. The intensity of the work hardening program was based on the overloading training principle. Subjects were contacted by phone three months after the program completion for their work status.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The findings of this study suggested that there was a significant difference in the subjects' physical demand characteristic level before and after the work hardening program. Seventy-five percent of the subjects who completed the work hardening program were able to resume employment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The rate of returning to work for back injured workers in this study was comparable to that of other studies. Thus, this study suggests that the overloading principle should be used in designing a work hardening program to improve clients' physical function.
authors.affiliation: Occupational Therapy Department, United Christian Hospital, Kowloon, Hong Kong, China. hudsonlauuchot@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Lau Shun
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Sang
authors.forename: Li Ping
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Ying Eria
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019567:Back Injuries / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009788:Occupational Therapy; D015397:Program Evaluation