title: Effect of mineral trioxide aggregate on cytokine production by peritoneal macrophages.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To test the effect of two commercial brands of grey mineral trioxide aggregate (ProRoot and MTA-Angelus) on cytokine production by M1 and M2 inflammatory macrophages.
  
  
  METHODS
  M1 (from C57BL/6 mice) and M2 peritoneal inflammatory macrophages (from C57BL/6 IL12p40-/- mice) were obtained and cultured in vitro in the presence of MTA. The cellular viability and the production of tumour necrosis factor-alpha, interleukin (IL)-12 and IL-10 in response to stimulation with interferon-gamma and Fusobacterium nucleatum or Peptostreptococcus anaerobius were evaluated. Data were analysed by Mann-Whitney, Kruskal-Wallis and anova tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cements did not interfere with cellular viability or with cytokine production by either type of macrophage. However, M2 macrophages produced higher levels of IL-10 when stimulated with F. nucleatum than M1 macrophages (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The brands of MTA evaluated did not interfere in the cytokine response by M1 or M2 macrophages to the two bacteria tested. However, a difference in cytokine production between the two types of macrophages was found.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Dentística Restauradora, Faculdade de Odontologia, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: T M B
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Rezende
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Vargas
authors.forename: F P
authors.initials: FP
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.forename: A P R
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Sobrinho
authors.forename: L Q
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Vieira
mesh_terms: D017607:Aluminum Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D017610:Calcium Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D016967:Fusobacterium nucleatum / Q000502:physiology; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000494:pharmacology; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000032:analysis*; D018664:Interleukin-12 / Q000032:analysis*; D053762:Interleukin-12 Subunit p40; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D010087:Oxides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010462:Peptostreptococcus / Q000502:physiology; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000187:drug effects; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017640:Silicates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D017607:Aluminum Compounds; D017610:Calcium Compounds; D004338:Drug Combinations; D053762:Interleukin-12 Subunit p40; D010087:Oxides; D021122:Protein Subunits; D012387:Root Canal Filling Materials; D017640:Silicates; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C086631:mineral trioxide aggregate; D016753:Interleukin-10; D018664:Interleukin-12; D007371:Interferon-gamma