title: Comparison between sirolimus-eluting stents and intracoronary catheter-based beta radiation for the treatment of in-stent restenosis.
abstract: We report the outcomes of patients who had in-stent restenosis (IRS) that was treated with intravascular brachytherapy (IVBT) or sirolimus-eluting stent (SES) implantation. The benefit of IVBT for treating ISR is well documented. SES implantation decreases first-time ISR and, in preliminary reports, has been used to treat ISR. Fifty consecutive patients who had ISR were treated; the first 25 patients underwent SES implantation and the next 25 patients were treated with IVBT using a beta-Cath System (a 40-mm strontium-90/yttrium-90 source). Quantitative angiographic and intravascular ultrasound follow-up were performed at 5.2 +/- 1.1 and 12.1 +/- 1.2 months; clinical follow-up was performed at 15 months. SES deployment and IVBT were successful in all patients. At 12-month follow-up, 8 patients who underwent IVBT had angiographic recurrence (4 in the stent and 4 at the stent edge); only 1 patient who underwent SES implantation developed recurrent ISR. At 12 months, in-stent late luminal loss was similar between the SES and IVBT groups (0.35 +/- 0.45 vs 0.34 +/- 0.46 mm, p = 0.9); however, in-stent net luminal gain was higher in the SES group than in the IVBT group (1.32 +/- 0.13 vs 0.57 +/- 0.19 mm, p <0.0001), and in-lesion late luminal loss was higher in the IVBT group (0.48 +/- 0.32 vs 0.16 +/- 0.42 mm, p = 0.004). At 12 months, intravascular ultrasound stent volume obstruction was higher after IVBT versus than after SES implantation (38.7% vs 6.7%, p <0.0001). At 15-month clinical follow-up, 64% and 96% (p <0.01) of patients who underwent IVBT and SES implantation, respectively, were free of major adverse cardiac events. In conclusion SES implantation for the treatment of ISR was effective and superior to catheter-based IVBT in preventing recurrent neointimal proliferation and angiographic restenosis at 1-year follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Institute Dante Pazzanese of Cardiology, São Paulo, Brazil. fferes@lee.dante.br
authors.forename: Fausto
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Feres
authors.forename: Juan S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: Alexandre
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Abizaid
authors.forename: Mariano
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Albertal
authors.forename: Gary S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Mintz
authors.forename: Rodolfo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Staico
authors.forename: Marinella
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Centemero
authors.forename: Luiz A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Mattos
authors.forename: Galo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Maldonado
authors.forename: Luiz F
authors.initials: LF
authors.lastname: Tanajura
authors.forename: Aurea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Chaves
authors.forename: Ibraim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: Andrea S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Abizaid
authors.forename: Ana C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Seixas
authors.forename: Vinicius Daher
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Vaz
authors.forename: Amanda
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sousa
authors.forename: J Eduardo
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Sousa
mesh_terms: D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D001918:Brachytherapy / Q000379:methods*; D002406:Catheterization, Peripheral; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000528:radiation effects; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012086:Reoperation; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D020123:Sirolimus