title: Pharmacokinetics and oral bioavailability of pentoxyfylline in broiler chickens.
abstract: The pharmacokinetic properties of pentoxyfylline and its metabolites were determined in healthy chickens after single intravenous and oral dosage of 100 mg/kg pentoxyfylline. Plasma concentrations of pentoxyfylline and its metabolites were determined by a validated high-performance liquid chromatographic method. After intravenous (i.v.) and oral (p.o.) administration, the plasma concentration-time curves were best described by a one-compartment open model. The mean elimination half-life (t(1/2el)) of pentoxyfylline was 1.05 h, total body clearance 1.90 L/h x kg, volume of distribution 2.40 L/kg and the mean residence time was 2.73 h, after i.v. administration. After oral dosing, mean maximal plasma concentration of pentoxyfylline was 4.01 microg/mL and the interval from p.o. administration until maximum concentration was 1.15 h. The mean oral bioavailability was found to be 28.2%. Metabolites I, IV and V were present in chicken plasma after both i.v. and p.o. administration, with metabolite V being the most dominant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Pharmacy and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium. sandra.deboever@ugent.be
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: De Boever
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Baert
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: De Backer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Croubels
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D019540:Area Under Curve; D001682:Biological Availability; D002645:Chickens / Q000378:metabolism*; D007275:Injections, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D010431:Pentoxifylline / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D010431:Pentoxifylline