title: Periodontal disease among diabetics in Iraq.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is generally accepted that diabetes increases the prevalence and severity of periodontitis, and is now considered the sixth "-opathy" of diabetes. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of periodontal disease in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and assess their severity in a single center in Basrah, Iraq.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a cross-sectional, case-control study. A total of 1593 patients were included (633 diabetic patients and 960 nondiabetics as controls). Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus who were dentate persons aged 40 years and older and with = 6 remaining teeth were studied.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Periodontal disease was seen in 95.9% of both diabetics and controls. Concerning mild and advanced disease, there was no difference between diabetics and controls, whereas moderate disease was more prevalent in those with diabetes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Of both the diabetics and controls, periodontal disease was seen in 95.9%. Moderate disease was significantly more common among diabetics. Larger studies, with pocket depth--attachment loss with radiologic evaluation for bone loss--are needed to assess the prevalence of periodontal disease among diabetics, other systemic disease, and the general population.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Basrah, College of Medicine, Basrah, Iraq. aambaam@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Abbas Ali
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Mansour
authors.forename: Nasear
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Abd-Al-Sada
mesh_terms: D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007493:Iraq; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012720:Severity of Illness Index