title: A prospective comparison of clamping the drain or post-operative salvage of blood in reducing blood loss after total knee arthroplasty.
abstract: We undertook a prospective, randomised study in order to evaluate the efficacy of clamping the drains after intra-articular injection of saline with 1:500 000 adrenaline compared with post-operative blood salvage in reducing blood loss in 212 total knee arthroplasties. The mean post-operative drained blood volume after drain clamping was 352.1 ml compared to 662.3 ml after blood salvage (p < 0.0001). Allogenic blood transfusion was needed in one patient in the drain group and for three in the blood salvage group. Drain clamping with intra-articular injection of saline with adrenaline is more effective than post-operative autologous blood transfusion in reducing blood loss during total knee arthroplasty.
authors.affiliation: Hyogo Rehabilitation Center, 1070 Akebono-cho Nishi-ku, Kobe 651-2181, Japan. tsumuranob@nifty.com
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsumara
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yoshiya
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chin
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Shiba
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kohso
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Doita
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D001804:Blood Transfusion, Autologous; D004322:Drainage / Q000379:methods; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006488:Hemostasis, Surgical / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012965:Sodium Chloride
chemical_list: D006454:Hemoglobins; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D004837:Epinephrine