title: Biodegradation of trichloroethylene in continuous-recycle expanded-bed bioreactors.
abstract: Experimental bioreactors operated as recirculated closed systems were inoculated with bacterial cultures that utilized methane, propane, and tryptone-yeast extract as aerobic carbon and energy sources and degraded trichloroethylene (TCE). Up to 95% removal of TCE was observed after 5 days of incubation. Uninoculated bioreactors inhibited with 0.5% Formalin and 0.2% sodium azide retained greater than 95% of their TCE after 20 days. Each bioreactor consisted of an expanded-bed column through which the liquid phase was recirculated and a gas recharge column which allowed direct headspace sampling. Pulses of TCE (20 mg/liter) were added to bioreactors, and gas chromatography was used to monitor TCE, propane, methane, and carbon dioxide. Pulsed feeding of methane and propane with air resulted in 1 mol of TCE degraded per 55 mol of substrate utilized. Perturbation studies revealed that pH shifts from 7.2 to 7.5 decreased TCE degradation by 85%. The bioreactors recovered to baseline activities within 1 day after the pH returned to neutrality.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Applied Microbiology, University of Tennessee, Knoxville, Tennessee 37932-2567, and Environmental Sciences Division, Oak Ridge National Laboratory, P. O. Box 2008, Oak Ridge, Tennessee 37831-6038.
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Phelps
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Niedzielski
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Schram
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Herbes
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: White