title: [Toxicity and influencing factors of liquid chlorine on chironomid larvae].
abstract: The excessive propagation of Chironomid larvae (red worm) in the sedimentation tanks is a difficult problem for the normal function of waterworks. The toxic effect of liquid chlorine on the different instar larvae of Chironomid was studied using distilled water as test sample. Furthermore, the effect of pH value, organic matter content, ammonia nitrogen, and algae content on toxicity of liquid chlorine was observed. The results show that the tolerance of Chironomid larvae to liquid chlorine is strengthened with the increase in instar. The 24h semi-lethal concentration (LC50) of liquid chlorine to the 4th instar larvae of Chironomid is 3.39 mg/L. Low pH value and high algae content are helpful to improve the toxic effect of liquid chlorine to Chironomid larvae. In neutral water body, the increase in organic matter content results in the decrease in the death rate of Chironomid larvae. The toxicity of liquid chlorine differs greatly in different concentrations of ammonia nitrogen. The death rate of the 4th instar larvae of Chironomid in raw water is higher by contrast with that in sedimentation tanks water for 24h disposal with various amount of liquid chlorine.
authors.affiliation: School of Municipal and Environmental Engineering, Harbin Institute of Technology, Harbin 150090, China. sunxingbin1025@163.com
authors.forename: Xing-Bin
authors.initials: XB
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Fu-Yi
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Jin-Song
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhao-Hai
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Li-Jun
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D002683:Chironomidae / Q000187:drug effects*; D002713:Chlorine / Q000633:toxicity*; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000254:growth & development; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*
chemical_list: D014873:Water Pollutants; D002713:Chlorine; D000641:Ammonia; D009584:Nitrogen