title: Insulin sensitivity independently influences brachial-ankle pulse-wave velocity in non-diabetic subjects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Measurement of pulse-wave velocity (PWV) is a non-invasive technique for assessing arterial stiffness. Although insulin resistance is associated with intimal-medial thickness of the carotid artery evaluated by B-mode ultrasonography, it is not known whether it is related to PWV. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between homeostasis model assessment insulin sensitivity index (HOMA-%S) and PWV in non-diabetic subjects. We also examined the effects of oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) 2-h glucose and plasma high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (CRP) on PWV, as these two parameters are associated with atherosclerosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 75-g oral glucose tolerance test was performed in 1934 Japanese subjects who were undergoing health examinations. Of these subjects, we recruited 1541 non-diabetic subjects without chronic or acute inflammation, malignant diseases, autoimmune disorders, elevated serum creatinine levels, and abnormal hepatic function tests. Subjects who had an abnormal ankle/brachial blood pressure index of less than 0.9 were also excluded. Brachial-ankle PWV and plasma high-sensitivity CRP were measured on 1541 subjects who satisfied the admission criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PWV was 12.55+/-1.61 (mean+/-sd) m/s and plasma CRP concentration was 0.4 mg/l (median, range, 0.1-5.8 mg/l) in the study subjects. By multivariate regression analysis, HOMA-%S was found to be an independent negative risk factor for PWV, while systolic blood pressure, age and triglycerides were positively associated with PWV. OGTT 2-h glucose was weakly and independently related to PWV in male subjects. Plasma CRP was not independently associated with PWV.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Insulin resistance is independently associated with PWV in non-diabetic subjects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Suita, Osaka, and Department of Internal Medicine, Kinki Central Hospital, Hyogo, Japan. kasayama@imed3.med.osaka-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kasayama
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mukai
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koga
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000842:Ankle / Q000098:blood supply*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000502:physiology*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011674:Pulse; D012044:Regression Analysis; D017678:Sex Distribution
chemical_list: D007328:Insulin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D002784:Cholesterol