title: Unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma: survival and prognostic factors after lipiodol chemoembolisation in 89 patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The majority of patients with hepatocellular carcinoma are not eligible for surgical radical treatment (resection or liver transplantation) and lipiodol chemoembolisation is an efficient alternative procedure in this indication.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To identify prognostic factors in patients treated with lipiodol chemoembolisation.
  
  
  METHODS
  During 10 years, 89 consecutive patients with unresectable hepatocellular carcinoma underwent lipiodol chemoembolisation as a single treatment. There were 80 males and 9 females, with a median age of 65 years. Treatment consisted of one to six courses of hepatic intra-arterial lipiodol with doxorubicine and gelatin sponge.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median survival was 13 months with a 13.6% survival rate at 4 years. Univariate analysis showed that serum levels of albumin, bilirubin, alkaline phosphatase and alpha-fetoprotein, Child's class, tumour type, tumour size and intensity of lipiodol capture after the first course of lipiodol chemoembolisation were significant prognostic factors of survival. In the multivariate analysis, four parameters remained associated with a significantly better outcome: Child's class A, largest lesion<5 cm, uninodular tumour and intense lipiodol capture.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While lipiodol chemoembolisation is associated with good results only in some patients, in the absence of lipiodol capture, it should be ruled out.
authors.affiliation: Department of Digestive Diseases, Edouard Herriot Hospital, Hospitals of Lyon, Lyon, France. jerome.dumortier@chu-lyon.fr
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dumortier
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chapuis
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Borson
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Davril
authors.forename: J-Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Scoazec
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Poncet
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Boillot
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mion
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Berger
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Partensky
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Paliard
authors.forename: P-J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Valette
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000401:mortality*; D016461:Chemoembolization, Therapeutic; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007269:Injections, Intra-Arterial; D007459:Iodized Oil / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality* / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D003287:Contrast Media; D007459:Iodized Oil; D004317:Doxorubicin