title: Antioxidant and antimycobacterial activities of Tabernaemontana catharinensis extracts obtained by supercritical CO2 + cosolvent.
abstract: In the present work the antioxidant and antimycobacterial activities were determined for extracts from Tabernaemontana catharinensis. The extracts' global yields were obtained using supercritical CO2 plus cosolvent. The cosolvents ethanol, isopropyl alcohol, methanol, and water and their mixtures were used. The extracts were fractionated and analyzed by thin-layer chromatography and gas chromatography/flame ionization detection. The antimycobacterial activity was measured against Mycobacterium tuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium, and Mycobacterium kansasii. The antioxidant activity was determined by the coupled reaction of beta-carotene and limonene acid. The average global yield was approximately constant (2.4 +/- 0.1%) for the alcoholic cosolvents and significantly larger (15 +/- 1%) for the cosolvent water and its alcoholic mixtures. The content of alkaloids in the extracts was strongly affected by the cosolvent. The antioxidant activity of the extracts ranged from 53% to 95%. The highest antimycobacterial activity was detected in the alkaloidal fraction (minimum inhibitory concentration = 128 microg/mL), while the lowest was verified in the aqueous fraction (minimum inhibitory concentration >512 microg/mL).
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Supercritical Technology: Extraction, Fractionation and Identification of Vegetable Extracts, Department of Food Engineering, College of Food Engineering, State University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.
authors.forename: Camila G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: Patrícia F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Leal
authors.forename: Daisy N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: M Angela A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Meireles
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D025924:Chromatography, Supercritical Fluid; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D000077222:Limonene; D009162:Mycobacterium avium / Q000187:drug effects; D019909:Mycobacterium kansasii / Q000187:drug effects; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000187:drug effects; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012997:Solvents; D030014:Tabernaemontana / Q000737:chemistry*; D013729:Terpenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000975:Antioxidants; D053138:Cyclohexenes; D010936:Plant Extracts; D012997:Solvents; D013729:Terpenes; D019207:beta Carotene; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D000077222:Limonene