title: Yeast ecology in French cider and black olive natural fermentations.
abstract: In this study, rDNA ITS restriction analysis was used to identify yeasts from two naturally fermented products: French ciders and black olives. In cider musts and bottled ciders, the PCR-RFLP method generated 15 different ITS/RFLP profiles for a total of 208 isolates. The predominant yeasts corresponded to Saccharomyces bayanus, Saccharomyces cerevisiae, Lachancea cidri and Dekkera anomala. Three identified species: Candida sake, Candida tropicalis and Kluyveromyces marxianus had never been described before in ciders. For the black olive fermentation, the method allowed for identification of 11 profiles for a total of 137 isolates. A sequential apparition of yeasts was observed with Pichia anomala, Candida boidinii and Debaryomyces etchellsii being the predominant species. Four isolates did not correspond to any known species based on the sequencing of the D1/D2 region of the 26S rRNA gene. By using the rDNA ITS method, valuable information on yeast population biodiversity and dynamics in the naturally fermented food products studied was obtained.
authors.affiliation: Adria Normandie, boulevard du 13 juin 1944, 14310 Villers-Bocage, France. ecoton@adrianie.org
authors.forename: Emmanuel
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Coton
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Coton
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Levert
authors.forename: Serge
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Casaregola
authors.forename: Danièle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sohier
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D001628:Beverages / Q000382:microbiology*; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000032:analysis*; D005285:Fermentation; D005516:Food Microbiology; D005784:Gene Amplification; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016533:Mycological Typing Techniques / Q000379:methods*; D031658:Olea / Q000382:microbiology*; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015183:Restriction Mapping; D013045:Species Specificity; D015003:Yeasts / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D004271:DNA, Fungal