title: Validity of the GRACE (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events) acute coronary syndrome prediction model for six month post-discharge death in an independent data set.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the validity of the GRACE (Global Registry of Acute Coronary Events) prediction model for death six months after discharge in all forms of acute coronary syndrome in an independent dataset of a community based cohort of patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Independent validation study based on clinical data collected retrospectively for a clinical trial in a community based population and record linkage to administrative databases.
  
  
  METHODS
  Study conducted among patients from the EFFECT (enhanced feedback for effective cardiac treatment) study from Ontario, Canada.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomly selected men and women hospitalised for AMI between 1999 and 2001.
  
  
  METHODS
  Discriminatory capacity and calibration of the GRACE prediction model for death within six months of hospital discharge in the contemporaneous EFFECT AMI study population.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Post-discharge crude mortality at six months for the EFFECT study patients with AMI was 7.0%. The discriminatory capacity of the GRACE model was good overall (C statistic 0.80) and for patients with ST segment elevation AMI (STEMI) (0.81) and non-STEMI (0.78). Observed and predicted deaths corresponded well in each stratum of risk at six months, although the risk was underestimated by up to 30% in the higher range of scores among patients with non-STEMI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In an independent validation the GRACE risk model had good discriminatory capacity for predicting post-discharge death at six months and was generally well calibrated, suggesting that it is suitable for clinical use in general populations.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. pamela@sph.uwa.edu.au
authors.forename: P J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Bradshaw
authors.forename: D T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Ko
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: L R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Donovan
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Tu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006323:Heart Arrest / Q000401:mortality; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000401:mortality*; D009864:Ontario / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment / Q000592:standards; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index