title: Effect of metal complexes of acyclovir and its acetylated derivative on Herpes simplex virus 1 and Herpes simplex virus 2 replication.
abstract: The effect of zinc, nickel, cobalt and cadmium complexes of acyclovir (ACV) and its omicron-acetylated derivative (Ac-ACV) on the replication of wild type (wt) and ACV-resistant (ACV(R)) strains of Herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV-1) and Herpes simplex virus 2 (HSV-2) was examined. According to cytotoxicity, these compounds followed the order Ni-ACV chloride > Cd-ACV 3 Ni-ACV nitrate > ACV = Zn-ACV nitrate = Ac-ACV = Zn-Ac-ACV > Zn-ACV chloride > Co-ACV. Besides Ac-ACV, the only active complexes in inhibiting virus replication were Zn-ACV nitrate and Zn-Ac-ACV, which effectively suppressed the growth of both wt and ACVR strains of HSV-1 and HSV-2. The most active and most selective inhibitor of the growth of ACVR strains of HSV-1 and HSV-2 was Ac-ACV; its EC50 and SI were 100 and 10 times higher than those of ACV, respectively. Zn-Ac-ACV was less active than Ac-ACV, obviously due to the stability of the complex. Zn-ACV nitrate was active against both wt and ACVR strains of HSV-1; its activity and selectivity were 100 and 75 times higher than those of ACV, respectively. Ac-ACV and Zn-Ac-ACV suppressed the pre-mitotic arrest caused by HSV-1 infection during the first 2 hrs of infection and later on restored the cell division.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Virology, Faculty of Biology, Sofia University, 8 Dragan Tzankov Blvd, 1164 Sofia, Bulgaria. tvaradinova@biofac.uni-sofia.bg
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Varadinova
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Vilhelmova
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Badenas
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Terrón
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fiol
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Garcia-Raso
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Genova
mesh_terms: D000212:Acyclovir / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002460:Cell Line; D004341:Drug Evaluation; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D008670:Metals / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D008670:Metals; D000212:Acyclovir