title: Effects of temperature on vibration-induced damage in nerves and arteries.
abstract: Vasospastic episodes in hand-arm vibration syndrome are more prevalent among power-tool workers in cold climates. To test whether cold enhances vibration-induced damage in arteries and nerves, tails of Sprague-Dawley rats were vibrated at room temperature (RT) or with tail cooling (<15 degrees C). Cold vibration resulted in a colder tail than either treatment alone. Vibration at both temperatures reduced arterial lumen size. RT vibration generated more vacuoles in arteries than cold vibration. Vibration and cold induced nitration of tyrosine residues in arteries, suggesting free-radical production. Vibration and cold generated similar percentages of myelinated axons with disrupted myelin. Cold with and without vibration caused intraneural edema and dilation of arterioles and venules with blood stasis, whereas vibration alone did not. The similarities, differences, and interactive effects of cold and vibration on nerve and artery damage indicate that temperature is involved mechanistically in the pathophysiology of hand-arm vibration syndrome.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology, Neurobiology & Anatomy, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53226, USA.
authors.forename: Sandya R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Govindaraju
authors.forename: Brian D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Curry
authors.forename: James L W
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bain
authors.forename: Danny A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Riley
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001158:Arteries / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology; D003080:Cold Temperature; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D059348:Peripheral Nerve Injuries; D010525:Peripheral Nerves / Q000473:pathology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000502:physiology; D013623:Tail / Q000098:blood supply; D013696:Temperature; D014048:Tolonium Chloride; D014732:Vibration / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D014048:Tolonium Chloride