title: The use of MN/CA9 gene expression in identifying malignant solid renal tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Small solid renal tumors are increasingly encountered. It is important to determine the malignancy of solid renal tumors for the choice of treatment. MN/CA9 is expressed in malignant renal cells but absent in normal cells. MN/CA9 is one of the most powerful gene markers available for RCC. The objective of this pilot study is to utilize MN/CA9 gene expression in FNA biopsy to determine the malignancy of imaging-indeterminate solid renal tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 35 patients with an imaging-indeterminate solid renal mass entered into this study. The molecular protocol consisted of a rapid column extraction of RNA and one-step RT-PCR for the detection of MN/CA9 gene expression. The preoperative molecular diagnosis was compared with postoperative pathology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 28 RCCs (19 clear cell carcinomas, 7 papillary carcinomas and 2 chromophobe carcinomas) and 7 benign tumors proved by postoperative pathology. The overall sensitivity and specificity for MN/CA9 were respectively 68% and 100%. MN/CA9 was positive in 16/19 (84%) FNA biopsies of clear cell RCCs. No false positive appeared for MN/CA9 gene expression. Moreover, MN/CA9 gene expression was positive in 8/13 (62%) of false negative or suspect cytology.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Detection of MN/CA9 gene expression in FNA biopsy is possible. Its detection can be helpful in identifying the malignancy among renal tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, North Hospital, CHU of Saint-Etienne, France. grli2001@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: Guorong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Muriel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cuilleron
authors.forename: Michèle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cottier
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gentil-Perret
authors.forename: Claude
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lambert
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Genin
authors.forename: Jacques
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tostain
mesh_terms: D018262:Adenocarcinoma, Clear Cell / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D001706:Biopsy; D000071231:Carbonic Anhydrase IX; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D003584:Cytological Techniques; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000032:analysis; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm; C089226:CA9 protein, human; D000071231:Carbonic Anhydrase IX; D002256:Carbonic Anhydrases