title: Identification of ultrastructural changes in liver allografts of patients experiencing primary nonfunction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Primary nonfunction (PNF) after liver transplantation is fatal without timely retransplantation. PNF has been associated with many risk factors, but the etiology remains unknown in most cases. Using electron microscopy, we examined the hepatic ultrastructure of donor allografts in patients experiencing PNF and compared the findings with a well-matched group of other donor allografts.
  
  
  METHODS
  Archival paraffin-embedded pre- and post-reperfusion donor liver biopsies were examined by electron microscopy in 10 patients with PNF and in 10 controls, matched by donor age +/- 5 years, gender, cold ischemic time +/- 1 hour, and donor cause of death. Mitochondria, endoplasmic reticulum, sinusoidal endothelial cells, and the glycogen content of the cells were assessed. The donors' serum peak transaminases, bilirubin and sodium levels, as well as the recipient age and serum creatinine were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences in recipient age at the time of transplantation, peak recipient serum creatinine, donor peak serum transaminase, sodium or bilirubin levels. In all cases, the endoplasmic reticulum and sinusoidal endothelial cells were ultrastructurally normal. Hepatocytes had variable degrees of glycogen pooling. Hepatic steatosis and intramitochondrial inclusions cells were present in 5/10 PNF compared to 0/10 controls patients on preperfusion liver biopsy (P = .17).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Liver allografts from patients suffering from PNF can have mitochondrial ultrastructural changes on preperfusion biopsies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Liver Diseases and Transplantation, The Mount Sinai Medical Center, New York, New York 10029, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lawal
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Florman
authors.forename: M I
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: Fiel
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bromberg
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Schiano
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D008102:Liver Circulation; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000473:pathology* / Q000502:physiology; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D008875:Middle Aged; D010477:Perfusion; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014019:Tissue Donors; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome