title: [Microbiological study on the prognosis of immediate implant and periodontal disease].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of periodontal marker organisms and specific interleukin-1 (IL-1) gene polymorphisms (which show a close association with periodontitis) and their effect on the success of immediate implant placement postextraction in the patient with periodontal disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  A group of 59 patients (22 men and 37 women aged 20-81 years, median age 55 years, 18 smokers) with chronic adult periodontitis participated in the study which included a 1-year observation period postoperatively. Prior to tooth extraction two DNA samples were obtained for the microbiological diagnosis of five anaerobic gram-negative pathogens (Haemophilus actinomycetemcomitans, Porphyromonas gingivalis, Tannerella forsythensis, Prevotella intermedia sensu stricto, Treponema denticola) and to identify the IL-1 gene polymorphisms. Patients were treated with a total of 95 immediate dental implants (26 Ankylos/Friadent and 69 Camlog Root-Line/Camlog Biotechnologies) placed into extraction sites, 78 of which were loaded immediately. After 1 year four failures were observed; all of these patients were smokers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  None of these patients showed a positive IL-1 genotype; periodontal marker organisms were only found in one patient. No significant difference was seen in the microbiological pathogens between smokers and nonsmokers. Of 59 patients, 23 (39%) tested positive for IL-1 genotype polymorphism. Smoking was shown to increase the risk of implant failure. No association was observed between failures and the IL-1 gene polymorphisms or pathogens.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In conclusion, our study shows that periodontally infected sites do not seem to be a contraindication for immediate implantation.
authors.affiliation: Charité Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Abteilung für Oralmedizin, zahnärztliche Röntgenologie und Chirurgie, Berlin, Germany. annette.rabel@charite.de
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rabel
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Köhler
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology*; D000075202:Contraindications; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D019250:Dental Implants, Single-Tooth / Q000382:microbiology*; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000235:genetics / Q000382:microbiology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors; D014081:Tooth Extraction
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D007375:Interleukin-1