title: Drug-eluting stents for the treatment of in-stent restenosis--'real world' double centre experience in consecutive patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated clinical outcome of consecutive patients with in stent restenosis (ISR) treated with drug-eluting stents (DES) at two intervention centres from April 2002 to April 2004, reflecting 'real world' practice.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  ISR is the major limitation to successful long-term outcome after implantation of bare metal stents during percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). The optimal strategy for the treatment of ISR has yet to be determined.
  
  
  METHODS
  121 consecutive patients with significant ISR were treated with DES. Sirolimus DES were used in 60 patients and paclitaxel DES in the remainder. All patients were followed up to evaluate the incidence of major adverse cardiac events (MACE), angina class and clinically driven angiography. Data were collected between 7 and 27 months after the procedure (mean follow up of 16.5 months).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall MACE rate at 16.5 months was 13.2% (16 patients) including 4 deaths (3%). Fifteen (12.3%) patients underwent clinically driven angiography. Eight patients (6.6%) developed ISR within the treated segment, of whom, four underwent further PCI and 4 CABG. Mean Canadian angina class decreased from 2.46+/-0.7 pre-procedure to 0.69+/-0.6 at follow up. All patients achieved an improvement in angina, with 59% being rendered angina free and 87% free of MACE. There were no differences in clinical outcome in those who received a paclitaxel and sirolimus DES.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of DES implantation for the treatment of ISR is safe, effective and associated with low recurrence rates in a 'real world' large cohort of patients with a complex mix of anatomical and clinical factors.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital of Wales, Cardiff, Wales.
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Farzin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fath-Ordoubadi
authors.forename: Sheraz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Younas
authors.forename: Anthony
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bainbridge
authors.forename: Rosie A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Swallow
authors.forename: Keith D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Dawkins
authors.forename: Nicholas P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Curzen
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019917:Blood Vessel Prosthesis Implantation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D023903:Coronary Restenosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000494:pharmacology; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000494:pharmacology; D015607:Stents; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D017239:Paclitaxel; D020123:Sirolimus