Tumor necrosis factor ligand-receptor superfamily and arthritis.
The current studies of apoptosis in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) suggest that the TNF ligand-receptor superfamily (TNFRsF) molecules, downstream pathways (activation of proapoptosis or anti-apoptosis pathway), cell types (lymphocytes and synovial fibroblast), and the mechanism that triggers apoptosis (tolerance induction-related, downmodulation of inflammation-related, or DNA damage-related) all exhibit a capability to determine the induction or prevention of RA. This series of defects at different levels and in different cells have been shown to lead to T cell and synovial hyperproliferation, defective apoptosis, excessive apoptosis, or bone erosion. In this chapter, we summarize the available knowledge of the regulation of TNFRsF and their likely pathogenic roles in RA to help identify candidate target cells and target molecules for delivery of gene constructs to modulate apoptosis to prevent the development of RA in both humans and mice.
Hsu
Hui-Chen
HC
Department of Medicine, Division of Clinical Immunology and Rheumatology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
Wu
Yalei
Y
Mountz
John D
JD
D017209:Apoptosis; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D015551:Autoimmunity; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology; D053278:OX40 Ligand; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000502:physiology; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000502:physiology; D053245:RANK Ligand; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000502:physiology; D053262:Receptors, OX40; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology*; D048069:Tumor Necrosis Factors / Q000502:physiology
D002352:Carrier Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D053278:OX40 Ligand; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D053245:RANK Ligand; D053246:Receptor Activator of Nuclear Factor-kappa B; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D053262:Receptors, OX40; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; C505686:TNFRSF11A protein, human; C506030:TNFRSF11B protein, human; C505716:TNFRSF4 protein, human; C505688:TNFSF11 protein, human; C089251:TNFSF4 protein, human; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D048069:Tumor Necrosis Factors; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt