title: Drug use by the elderly in general practice: effects on upper gastrointestinal symptoms.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prevalence of drug use by elderly outpatients in Italy and to identify the association between drug use and gastrointestinal symptoms.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was carried out by 133 general practitioners (GPs) who referred to 24 geriatric units in Italy. All consenting elderly patients seen at the GPs' offices were evaluated for gender, age, disability, current medications, and upper gastrointestinal symptoms.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study included 5,515 elderly subjects. The prevalence of drug use was 91.6%, and the mean number of drugs taken was 2.86 per person. Both the prevalence and the mean number of drugs significantly increased with advancing age. Regarding gastrointestinal symptoms, 32.7% of patients reported at least one upper gastrointestinal symptom: 25% with indigestion syndrome, 16.2% with abdominal pain, and 14.2% with reflux symptoms. A significantly higher prevalence of symptoms was observed in females, patients who were taking a higher number of drugs, and those who had higher disability. Adjusted multivariate analysis demonstrated that the use of nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drugs, steroids, psycholeptics, diuretics, selective beta2 adrenoreceptor agonists or adrenergics, and antiplatelet drugs was significantly associated with upper gastrointestinal symptoms.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of drug use is very high in this elderly outpatient population. The number of drugs and the use of some specific drug classes are significantly associated with the presence of upper gastrointestinal symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Geriatric Unit, Casa Sollievo della Sofferenza, IRCCS, 71013, San Giovanni Rotondo, Italy. alberto.pilotto@libero.it
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pilotto
authors.forename: Marilisa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Franceschi
authors.forename: Dino
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vitale
authors.forename: Augusto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zaninelli
authors.forename: Giulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Masotti
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rengo
mesh_terms: D000203:Activities of Daily Living; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004363:Drug Utilization; D064420:Drug-Related Side Effects and Adverse Reactions; D005194:Family Practice; D005260:Female; D005767:Gastrointestinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D019338:Polypharmacy; D012737:Sex Factors; D041742:Upper Gastrointestinal Tract / Q000187:drug effects