title: Intravitreal triamcinolone for treatment of complicated proliferative diabetic retinopathy and proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We present a retrospective evaluation of the clinical outcome and complications associated with intravitreal injection of unaltered triamcinolone acetonide in conjunction with pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil injection for the treatment of complicated proliferative diabetic retinopathy with tractional retinal detachment and severe proliferative vitreoretinopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen eyes of 12 consecutive patients were identified from a computerized patient database. All eyes were operated on by the same surgeon and received 4 mg of unaltered, commercially available triamcinolone acetonide intravitreally, before silicone oil injection. The patients were followed for a mean of 4.7 months (range 1-15 months), and demographic as well as pertinent preoperative and postoperative clinical information was gathered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the last follow-up visit, vision had improved in 4 eyes, remained stable in 5 eyes, and worsened in 4 eyes. The retina was attached at the end of follow-up in 10 of the 13 eyes. Eight of the 13 eyes did not show any clinical signs of re-roliferation or redetachment during the course of follow-up. The mean intra-ocular pressure did not increase (preoperative value was 10.8+/- 6.22 mm Hg with a range of 0-22 mm Hg; at last follow-up, mean pressure was 9.6 +/-3.86 mm Hg with a cumulative postoperative range of 0-26 mm Hg). Steroid crystals were visible at 1 month postoperatively in 3 eyes and did not hinder fundus examination significantly.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The intravitreal injection of low-dose, unaltered triamcinolone acetonide in the setting of pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil injection for the treatment of proliferative vitreoretinopathy and complicated proliferative diabetic retinopathy appears to be well tolerated. Further controlled study is needed to clearly define the potential beneficial effects of intravitreal steroids in these 2 disease processes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Opthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, Illinois, USA.
authors.forename: Wuqaas M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Munir
authors.forename: Jose S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Pulido
authors.forename: Mithlesh C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Bruce M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Buerk
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012827:Silicone Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014792:Visual Acuity; D014821:Vitrectomy; D018630:Vitreoretinopathy, Proliferative / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014822:Vitreous Body
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D012827:Silicone Oils; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide