title: Multiresidue determination of pesticides in sediment by ultrasonically assisted extraction and gas chromatography/mass spectrometry.
abstract: A gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric (GS/MS) method was developed for the multiple determination of pesticides in sediment. The investigated pesticides included 85 compounds, i.e., 13 fungicides, 43 herbicides, and 29 insecticides. The pesticides were extracted from sediment samples by an ultrasonically assisted procedure. The extract was cleaned up by using reversed-phase column chromatography followed by normal-phase column chromatography. A styrene-divinylbenzene copolymer cartridge and a silica gel cartridge were used as the reversed-phase column and the normal-phase column, respectively. The compounds were determined by GC/MS with 2 internal standard compounds. The overall recoveries were 70-105%, and the relative standard deviations ranged from 1.5 to 18%. The minimum detectable concentrations were 2-10 microg/kg. This method was successfully applied to sediment samples from the Shin River in Niigata, Japan. Twenty-five pesticides (6 fungicides, 11 herbicides, and 8 insecticides) were detected in the sediment samples. The concentrations of the detected pesticides ranged from 3 to 69 microg/kg. Herbicides were found May through July; insecticides and fungicides were found July through August, and during July through September, respectively. The presence of pesticides in the river sediment was correlated with the time of pesticide application in the Shin River basin.
authors.affiliation: Niigata University of Pharmacy and Applied Life Sciences, Faculty of Applied Life Sciences, 265-1 Higashijima, Niigata 956-8603, Japan. kawata@niigatayakudai.jp
authors.forename: Kuniaki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kawata
authors.forename: Takasmm
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Asada
authors.forename: Kikuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oikawa
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tanabe
mesh_terms: D004526:Efficiency; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000032:analysis*; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis* / Q000145:classification* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000737:chemistry; D058428:Silica Gel; D012822:Silicon Dioxide / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides; D011137:Polystyrenes; D058428:Silica Gel; D012822:Silicon Dioxide; C003771:Amberlite XAD-2 resin