title: Green fluorescent protein labeling Escherichia coli TG1 confirms intestinal bacterial translocation in a rat model of chemotherapy.
abstract: It has been reported that treatment with methotrexate (MTX) induces intestinal bacterial translocation; however, the definitive evidence of intestinal bacterial translocation induced by MTX has been lacking. The aim of this study was to confirm the intestinal bacterial translocation caused by MTX and to evaluate the preventive effect of granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF) on intestinal bacterial translocation caused by MTX. Sprague-Dawley rats were treated with MTX (3.5 mg/kg) for 3 days to induce intestinal bacterial translocation; with gavaged Escherichia coli TG1 labeled with green fluorescent protein (GFP) for 2 days to track intestinal bacterial translocation; and with G-CSF (10 mug/kg) for 4 days to prevent intestinal bacterial translocation. Representative tissue specimens from the mesenteric lymph nodes, spleen, liver, and kidney were aseptically harvested for bacteria culture in ampicillin-supplemented medium. The bacteria labeled with GFP were detected in tissue specimens harvested from the rats treated with MTX but not detected in the rats that were not treated with MTX. G-CSF significantly ameliorated the situation of intestinal bacterial translocation.
authors.affiliation: Medical College, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210093, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Desheng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Yousheng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Baojun
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Zhe
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Fukun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Jieshou
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018988:Bacterial Translocation / Q000187:drug effects*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000276:immunology; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007422:Intestines / Q000382:microbiology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000382:microbiology; D008099:Liver / Q000382:microbiology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000382:microbiology; D008727:Methotrexate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013154:Spleen / Q000382:microbiology; D013194:Staining and Labeling
chemical_list: D016179:Granulocyte Colony-Stimulating Factor; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D008727:Methotrexate