title: Increasing operating room efficiency through parallel processing.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Because of rising costs and shrinking reimbursements, hospitals must continually find ways to improve efficiency and productivity. This study attempts to increase caseloads in ambulatory surgery operating rooms while maintaining patient satisfaction and safety.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  In most hospitals, patients move through their operative day in a linear fashion, starting at registration and finishing in the recovery room. Given this pattern, only 1 patient may occupy the efforts of the operating room team at a time. By processing patients in a parallel fashion, operating room efficiency and patient throughput are increased while costs remain stable.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients undergoing hernia repairs under local anesthesia with intravenous sedation were divided into a control group and an experimental group. Patients in the control group received their local anesthesia in the operating room at the start of the surgery. The experimental group patients received their local anesthesia in the induction room by the surgeon while the operating room was being cleaned and set up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  While operative time for the control group and the experimental group were nearly identical, the turnover time and the induction time were significantly shorter for the experimental group. The cumulative reduction in time during the operative day was sufficient to allow the addition of new operative cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates a system of increasing operating room efficiency by changing patient flow rather than simply working to streamline existing steps. This increase in efficiency is not associated with the expansion of hospital budgets or a decrease in patient safety or satisfaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery and the Center for Clinical Effectiveness in Surgery, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.forename: Suzanne M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Sokal
authors.forename: Yuchiao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: David L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Berger
mesh_terms: D000556:Ambulatory Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D000772:Anesthesia, Local; D001071:Appointments and Schedules; D016292:Procedural Sedation; D017598:Efficiency, Organizational; D059685:Herniorrhaphy; D006801:Humans; D009873:Operating Rooms / Q000458:organization & administration*; D010348:Patient Care Team; D017748:Time Management / Q000458:organization & administration; D016526:Workload