title: Influence of harvesting technique and donor site location on in vitro growth of osteoblastlike cells from facial bone.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Donor morbidity is minimized when tissue engineering is applied to produce osteogenic grafts by growing osteoblasts on biomaterials. However, limiting factors are the origin, proliferation, and differentiation of osteoblasts. Therefore, the aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy of growing osteoblasts from different types of bone samples and to assess the influence of the donor site.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 28 patients 37 bone specimens were obtained during removal of third molars in the maxilla and mandible. Seventeen specimens were bone chips and 20 were bone sludge. After subculturing primary cultures, histochemical and immunhistochemical tests (EZ4U test, BrdU labeling, ALP histochemistry, type I collagen immunohistochemistry, osteocalcin ELISA) were performed to determine cell proliferation, viability, and differentiation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both bone chips and bone sludge from the mandible and maxilla are suitable for culturing human osteoblastlike cells. However, bone chips were superior to bone sludge with respect to ability to grow cells, and maxillary bone was superior to mandibular bone in this regard. Harvesting technique had only little influence on the expression of cell differentiation markers (ALP, type I collagen, osteocalcin).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chips from human membrane bone, especially from the maxilla, are suitable for culturing high numbers of differentiated osteoblastlike cells. These cells may be used to tissue engineer bone grafts, which may be used to enhance the implant placement site.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, University Hospital Carl Gustav Carus Dresden, Technical University Dresden, Germany.
authors.forename: Winnie
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Pradel
authors.forename: Pia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Tenbieg
authors.forename: Günter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lauer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005147:Facial Bones / Q000166:cytology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D020858:Tissue and Organ Harvesting / Q000379:methods*