title: Murine androgen-independent neuroendocrine carcinoma promotes metastasis of human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although neuroendocrine (NE) cells in prostate cancer have been speculated to accelerate the growth and progression of surrounding cancer cells, the evidence is as yet inconclusive. We investigated the effect of an NE allograft (NE-10) and its cell line, NE-CS, which were established from the prostate of the LPB-Tag 12T-10 transgenic mouse, on human prostate cancer cell line LNCaP.
  
  
  METHODS
  The proliferation and pulmonary metastasis of LNCaP xenografts in athymic mice with and without NE-10 allografts were evaluated. Boyden chamber assay and microarray analysis were performed to investigate changes in invasion/migration and mRNA of LNCaP cells under the influence of the NE cells, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  NE-10 did not influence the proliferation of LNCaP. The pulmonary metastasis of LNCaP with NE-10 significantly increased compared to mice without it. The NE-CS cells accelerated the in vitro invasion/migration of adenocarcinoma cells. Increased expression of mRNA of gelsolin was observed in LNCaP cells incubated with the supernatant of NE-CS cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The NE-10 allograft promotes pulmonary metastasis of subcutaneously inoculated LNCaP cells by facilitating cell invasion. Secretions from NE cells upregulate the expression of gelsolin, which is an actin-binding protein, resulting in acceleration of the migration of LNCaP cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urologic Surgery and Andrology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kohsuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Uchida
authors.forename: Naoya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Masumori
authors.forename: Atsushi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Matusik
authors.forename: Taiji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tsukamoto
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000473:pathology; D000728:Androgens / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D018278:Carcinoma, Neuroendocrine / Q000473:pathology; D002455:Cell Division; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens