title: The estrogenic effect of bisphenol A disrupts pancreatic beta-cell function in vivo and induces insulin resistance.
abstract: The function of the pancreatic beta-cell is the storage and release of insulin, the main hormone involved in blood glucose homeostasis. The results in this article show that the widespread environmental contaminant bisphenol-A (BPA) imitates 17beta-estradiol (E2) effects in vivo on blood glucose homeostasis through genomic and nongenomic pathways. The exposure of adult mice to a single low dose (10 microg/kg) of either E2 or BPA induces a rapid decrease in glycemia that correlates with a rise of plasma insulin. Longer exposures to E2 and BPA induce an increase in pancreatic beta-cell insulin content in an estrogen-receptor-dependent manner. This effect is visible after 2 days of treatment and starting at doses as low as 10 microg/kg/day. After 4 days of treatment with either E2 or BPA, these mice developed chronic hyperinsulinemia, and their glucose and insulin tolerance tests were altered. These experiments unveil the link between environmental estrogens and insulin resistance. Therefore, either abnormal levels of endogenous estrogens or environmental estrogen exposure enhances the risk of developing type 2 diabetes mellitus, hypertension, and dyslipidemia.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Bioingeniería, Universidad Miguel Hernández de Elche, Alicante, Spain.
authors.forename: Paloma
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Alonso-Magdalena
authors.forename: Sumiko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morimoto
authors.forename: Cristina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ripoll
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fuentes
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nadal
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal / Q000633:toxicity*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010636:Phenols / Q000633:toxicity*; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D001786:Blood Glucose; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal; D007328:Insulin; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds