title: Nasolacrimal duct obstruction classified by dacryoendoscopy and treated with inferior meatal dacryorhinotomy: Part II. Inferior meatal dacryorhinotomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the performance of a newly devised technique, inferior meatal dacryorhinotomy (iDR), for membranous PNLDO (lower PNLDO).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective, nonrandomized clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty cases (37 patients) who ranged in age from 42 to 89 years old with lower PNLDO were treated by iDR, which is intubation that is assisted by dacryoendoscope, nasal endoscope, and radio-frequency scalpel. The obstructed site was incised with a radio-frequency scalpel without osseous ablation, after which silicone tubes were placed temporarily.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperative follow-up evaluation showed that the success rate was 87.5% after 6 months to 2 years.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The iDR technique is minimally invasive and effective for lower PNLDO.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Kanazawa University School of Medicine, Kanazawa, Ishikawa 920-8641, Japan. sasatsug@med.kanazawa-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Tsugihisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Yuuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: Kazuhisa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003608:Dacryocystorhinostomy; D003941:Diagnostic Techniques, Ophthalmological; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007767:Lacrimal Duct Obstruction / Q000175:diagnosis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures; D009301:Nasolacrimal Duct / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D013517:Otorhinolaryngologic Surgical Procedures; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome