title: Surgically important variations of the jugular veins.
abstract: Knowledge of variations of veins of head and neck in relation to external jugular, anterior jugular, internal jugular, and facial veins is important to surgeons doing head and neck surgery as well as to radiologists doing catheterization and to clinicians in general. In the current case, multiple variations in the veins of the left side of neck are reported. The anterior division of retromandibular vein was absent. The facial vein continued as anterior jugular vein. The internal jugular vein was duplicated above the level of hyoid bone. There was a large communicating vein between the anterior jugular vein and anterior division of internal jugular vein. Lingual vein drained into the communicating vein. Jugular venous arch was abnormally large, doubled, and highly placed. The veins of the right side were normal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anatomy, Melaka Manipal Medical College Manipal Campus, International Centre for Health Sciences, Manipal, Karnataka, India. nayaksathish@yahoo.com
authors.forename: B Satheesha
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Nayak
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D007601:Jugular Veins / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged