title: Bisphenol A in artificial indoor streams: II. Stress response and gonad histology in Gammarus fossarum (Amphipoda).
abstract: The effects of the world wide-distributed chemical bisphenol A (BPA) on the endocrine system of vertebrates have been demonstrated in several studies. Here, we report on the impact of BPA (0, 5, 50 and 500 microg/l nominally, deduced effective concentrations 0, 0.24, 2.4, and 24.1 microg/l, respectively, all at 15 degrees C) on the 70 kD stress protein family (hsp70), the 90 kD stress protein family (hsp90), and gonad histology of the crustacean Gammarus fossarum exposed in artificial indoor streams. The animals were exposed for a maximum of 103 days and samples were taken at the beginning and at days 34, 69 and 103 of the experiment. Exposure to BPA resulted in accelerated maturation of oocytes in females and in a decline in the number and size of early vitellogenic oocytes. The level of hsp90, which plays a pivotal role in vertebrate sex steroid signal transduction, was significantly reduced by BPA. In all five streams, measured parameters did not indicate any captivity stress for a period of 69 days. Beyond this time, the mortality rate and proteotoxic effects, the latter measured by hsp70 expression, were found to be elevated.
authors.affiliation: Animal Physiological Ecology, University of Tübingen, Konrad-Adenauer-St. 20, D-72072, Tübingen, Germany. martin.schirling@uni-tuebingen.de
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schirling
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jungmann
authors.forename: Vanessa
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Ladewig
authors.forename: Kai-Uwe
authors.initials: KU
authors.lastname: Ludwichowski
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nagel
authors.forename: Heinz-R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Köhler
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Triebskorn
mesh_terms: D033304:Amphipoda / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D005496:Follicular Atresia / Q000187:drug effects; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D009865:Oocytes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D010636:Phenols / Q000633:toxicity*; D045483:Rivers; D012741:Sexual Maturation / Q000187:drug effects; D013696:Temperature; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
chemical_list: D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; D018841:HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; D010636:Phenols; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds