title: Molecular epidemiology of the heterosexual HIV-1 transmission in Kunming, Yunnan Province of China suggests origin from the local IDU epidemic.
abstract: Molecular epidemiological investigation was conducted among injecting drug users (IDUs) (n = 11) and heterosexuals (n = 15) in Kunming, Yunnan Province of China. HIV-1 genotypes were determined based on the nucleotide sequences of 2.6-kb gag-RT region. The distribution of genotypes among IDUs was as follows: CRF07_BC (5/11) and CRF08_BC (5/11); subtype B' (1/11). Similarly, a majority of Kunming heterosexuals (14/15) were infected with CRF07_BC (4/15), CRF08_BC (6 /15), or subtype B' (4/15), known to predominate among IDUs in China. This contrasts with trends in the coastal regions of China and surrounding southeastern Asian countries, where CRF01_AE predominates among heterosexuals. The heterosexual HIV-1 epidemic in Kunming thus appears to derive from the local IDU epidemic. Of note, subtype B' was the most prevalent strain among heterosexuals before 1997, while CRF07_BC and CRF08_BC became predominant in 2002, indicating a transition of HIV-1 genotype distribution between the early and the more recent samples from Kunming heterosexuals.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Virology and Epidemiology, AIDS Research Center, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, 1-23-1 Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
authors.forename: Xiao-Jie
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shigeru
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kusagawa
authors.forename: Xueshan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: Chaojun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Qianqiu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yokota
authors.forename: Yoshimi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hoshina
authors.forename: Toshinari
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Onogi
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nohtomi
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Imamura
authors.forename: Teiichiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shiino
authors.forename: Rongge
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Kunlong
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ben
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takebe
mesh_terms: D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D015750:Genes, gag; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission* / Q000821:virology*; D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase / Q000235:genetics; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000150:complications*
chemical_list: D054303:HIV Reverse Transcriptase