Coenzyme Q concentration and total antioxidant capacity of human milk at different stages of lactation in mothers of preterm and full-term infants.
Coenzyme Q10(CoQ10) in human milk at different stages of maturity in mothers of preterm and full-term infants and its relation to the total antioxidant capacity of milk is described for the first time. Thirty healthy breastfeeding women provided colostrum, transition-milk and mature-milk samples. Coenzyme Q, alpha-, gamma- and delta-tocopherol, fatty acids and the total antioxidant capacity of the milk were analyzed. Coenzyme Q10 was found at higher concentrations for colostrum (0.81+/-0.06 vs. 0.50+/-0.05 micromol/l) and transition milk (0.75+/-0.06 vs. 0.45+/-0.05 micromol/l) in the full-term vs. the preterm group (similar results were found for total antioxidant capacity). Concentrations of alpha- and gamma-tocopherol were higher in the full-term group and decreased with time. In conclusion, CoQ10 is present in breast milk, with higher concentration in mothers of full-term infants. CoQ10 in breast milk decreases through lactation in mothers delivering full-term infants. Also, CoQ10, alpha- and gamma-tocopherol concentration in human milk directly correlates with the antioxidant capacity of the milk.
Quiles
José L
JL
Institute of Nutrition and Food Technology, University of Granada, Department of Physiology, Granada, Spain. jlquiles@ugr.es
Ochoa
Julio J
JJ
Ramirez-Tortosa
M Carmen
MC
Linde
Javier
J
Bompadre
Stefano
S
Battino
Maurizio
M
Narbona
Eduardo
E
Maldonado
José
J
Mataix
José
J
D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001942:Breast Feeding; D003067:Coenzymes; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007227:Infant Nutritional Physiological Phenomena / Q000502:physiology*; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D007774:Lactation; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000378:metabolism*; D009035:Mothers; D011247:Pregnancy; D024505:Tocopherols / Q000378:metabolism; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000378:metabolism; D024504:gamma-Tocopherol / Q000378:metabolism
D000975:Antioxidants; D003067:Coenzymes; D005227:Fatty Acids; D014451:Ubiquinone; D024504:gamma-Tocopherol; C024989:coenzyme Q10; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol; C479072:delta-tocopherol; D024505:Tocopherols