title: Potent anti-tumor and prolonged survival effects of E. coli-derived non-glycosylated kringle domain of tissue-type plasminogen activator.
abstract: The two-kringle domain of tissue-type plasminogen activator (TK1-2) has been identified as a novel angiogenesis inhibitor. In the previous study, purified Pichia-derived TK1-2 has been shown to suppress in vivo growth of human lung and colon cancer cells. Here, we demonstrate that E. coli-derived non-glycosylated TK1-2 suppresses tumor growth more potently than Pichia-derived TK1-2 and prolongs the survival of tumor bearing mice. The recombinant TK1-2 prepared through E. coli expression, His-tag affinity chromatography and in vitro refolding was injected intraperitoneally once daily into nude mice 7 days after subcutaneous implantation with PC14 lung cancer cells (n=10). Measurement of tumor volumes indicated that low-dose TK1-2 treatment (10 mg/kg) suppressed tumor growth by approximately 85.2% (p<0.01), while high-dose TK1-2 treatment (50 mg/kg) even more potently inhibited tumor growth (>93.8%) (p<0.005). Treatment of TK1-2 also prolonged the survival of tumor-bearing mice in a dose-dependent fashion. In an independent HCT116 xenograft model, E. coli-derived TK1-2 was more effective in suppressing tumor growth than Pichia-derived TK1-2. Immunohistochemical analysis of tumor tissue also revealed that the expression of VEGF, SMA-alpha, TNF-alpha and angiogenin was less positive in the E. coli-derived TK1-2-treated group than in the Pichia-derived TK1-2-treated group. These results suggest that E. coli-derived refolded, non-glycosylated TK1-2 can be used more effectively as an anti-cancer agent.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Research Institute, Catholic Research Institutes of Medical Sciences, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul 137-701, Korea.
authors.forename: Byoung-Hak
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Byoung-Shik
authors.initials: BS
authors.lastname: Shim
authors.forename: Soo Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Suk-Keun
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Yong-Kil
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Young Ae
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Joe
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004926:Escherichia coli; D045325:HCT116 Cells; D006801:Humans; D018082:Kringles / Q000235:genetics; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008819:Mice, Nude; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D012259:Ribonuclease, Pancreatic / Q000378:metabolism; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000235:genetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; C046366:angiogenin; D012259:Ribonuclease, Pancreatic; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator