title: Screening for new hydroxynitrilases from plants.
abstract: We established a simple HPLC method to determine the activity and stereochemistry of the chiral mandelonitrile synthesized from benzaldehyde and cyanide, and applied it to screen for hydroxynitrile lyase (HNL) activity of plant origin. A total of 163 species of plants among 74 families were examined for (R)- and (S)-HNL activities using the method. We discovered that homogenate of leaves of Baliospermum montanum shows (S)-HNL activity, while leaves and seeds from Passiflora edulis, and seeds from Eriobotrya japonica, Chaenomles sinensis, Sorbus aucuparia, Prunus mume, and Prunus persica show (R)-HNL activity. Partially purified (R)-HNLs from Passiflora edulis and Eriobotrya japonica acted not only on benzaldehyde but also on aliphatic ketone. The enantiomeric excess of (R)-methylpropylketone cyanohydrin synthesized from 2-pentanone using homogenate from leaves of Passiflora edulis was 87.0%, and that of (R)-mandelonitrile synthesized by homogenate from seeds of Eriobotrya japonica was 85.0%.
authors.affiliation: Biotechnology Research Center, Toyama Prefectural University, Japan. asano@pu-toyama.ac.jp
authors.forename: Yasuhisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Asano
authors.forename: Ken'ichirou
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Nobutaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Doi
authors.forename: Techawaree
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueatrongchit
authors.forename: Aran
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: H-Kittikun
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohmiya
mesh_terms: D000097:Acetonitriles / Q000378:metabolism; D000619:Aminohydrolases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001547:Benzaldehydes / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D009570:Nitriles / Q000378:metabolism; D010422:Pentanones / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D010944:Plants / Q000201:enzymology*; D011190:Potassium Cyanide / Q000378:metabolism; D011487:Protein Conformation; D027861:Prunus / Q000737:chemistry; D012639:Seeds / Q000737:chemistry; D013237:Stereoisomerism
chemical_list: D000097:Acetonitriles; D001547:Benzaldehydes; D007527:Isoenzymes; D009570:Nitriles; D010422:Pentanones; D010936:Plant Extracts; C430593:cyanohydrin; C045516:mandelonitrile; D000619:Aminohydrolases; C021867:nitrilase; C076402:2-pentanone; D011190:Potassium Cyanide; C032175:benzaldehyde