title: Insulin glargine in combination with oral antidiabetic drugs as a cost-equivalent alternative to conventional insulin therapy in type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent data suggest that insulin glargine might be a cost-effective alternative to conventional insulin therapy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this observational study was to evaluate the treatment costs of insulin glargine in combination with oral antidiabetic drugs (OADs) compared with conventional insulin therapy in T2DM in everyday clinical practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were obtained from a cohort of 678 patients with T2DM not adequately controlled by OADs alone (HbA1c mean 9.1 +/- 1.7%). Patients received either insulin glargine in addition to oral therapy or were switched to conventional insulin therapy. Treatment and dosing decisions were made at the physician's discretion, reflecting everyday practice. Patients were followed for 2-4 months. Primary outcome parameters were total treatment costs and clinical efficacy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The two therapeutic regimens were equally effective in decreasing HbA1c to 7.8% (p < 10(-9)). Patients in the insulin glargine plus OAD group controlled their blood glucose level at endpoint with a median of 60 test strips per month and those in the conventional insulin therapy group with a median of 80 strips per month (p = 0.000000739). Total daily costs of insulin, needles, glycemic control and OAD treatment per patient were similar in the two treatment groups (insulin glargine group 1.91 Euro vs conventional group 1.99 Euro).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The two treatment regimens were equally effective in improving glycemic control. These results were achieved with significantly lower insulin doses and fewer blood glucose test strips in the insulin glargine group, which therefore led to cost equivalence when compared with conventional insulin therapy.
authors.affiliation: University Clinic for Internal Medicine, Innsbruck, Austria. monika.lechleitner@uibk.ac.at
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lechleitner
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Roden
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Haehling
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mueller
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D001317:Austria / Q000453:epidemiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000191:economics; D015994:Incidence; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000191:economics*; D000069036:Insulin Glargine; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013810:Therapeutic Equivalency; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D000069036:Insulin Glargine