title: High levels of Epstein-Barr virus DNA in saliva and peripheral blood from Ugandan mother-child pairs.
abstract: In Africa, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) is associated with Burkitt lymphoma. We measured levels of EBV DNA in saliva and buffy coats from 233 asymptomatic Ugandan children with sickle cell disease and their mothers by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. EBV DNA was detected in saliva from 90% of the children (median [interquartile range [IQR]] level, 5.2 [4.2-6.0] log(10) copies/mL of saliva) and 79% of the mothers (median [IQR] level, 4.8 [3.7-5.6] log(10) copies/mL of saliva) (P < .001). EBV DNA was detected in buffy coats from 86% of the children (median [IQR] level, 2.5 [2.2-2.9] log(10) copies/1 x 10(6) peripheral white blood cells [PWBCs]) and 72% of the mothers (median [IQR] level, 2.7 [2.4-3.1] log(10) copies/1 x 10(6) PWBCs) (P = .24). Detection of EBV DNA in saliva was positively correlated with detection in buffy coats. EBV DNA was detected more frequently in saliva and buffy coats than was human herpesvirus 8 DNA. Our results indicate that EBV infection persists, with virus readily detectable in saliva and buffy coats from persons without apparent symptoms in Africa.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, Maryland, USA. mbulaits@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Sam M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Mbulaiteye
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Walters
authors.forename: Eric A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Engels
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Bakaki
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ndugwa
authors.forename: Anchilla M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Owor
authors.forename: James J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Goedert
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Whitby
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Biggar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000150:complications; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis* / Q000097:blood*; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D015995:Prevalence; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry*; D014454:Uganda / Q000453:epidemiology; D017201:Virus Shedding
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral