title: Functional analysis of SIRPalpha in the growth cone.
abstract: The 'signal regulatory protein' SIRPalpha is an Ig superfamily, transmembrane glycoprotein with a pair of cytoplasmic domains that can bind the phosphatase SHP-2 when phosphorylated on tyrosine. SIRPalpha is prominent in growth cones of rat cortical neurons and located, together with the tetraspanin CD81, in the growth cone periphery. SIRPalpha is dynamically associated with Triton-X-100-sensitive, but Brij-98-resistant, lipid microdomains, which also contain CD81. Challenge of growth cones with the integrin-binding extracellular-matrix (ECM) protein, laminin, or with the growth factors, IGF-1 or BDNF, increases SIRPalpha phosphorylation and SHP-2 binding rapidly and transiently, via Src family kinase activation; phosphorylated SIRPalpha dissociates from the lipid microdomains. A cytoplasmic tail fragment of SIRPalpha (cSIRPalpha), when expressed in primary cortical neurons, also is phosphorylated and binds SHP-2. Expression of wild-type cSIRPalpha, but not of a phosphorylation-deficient mutant, substantially decreases IGF-1-stimulated axonal growth on laminin. On poly-D-lysine and in control conditions, axonal growth is slower than on laminin, but there is no further reduction in growth rate induced by the expression of cSIRPalpha. Thus, the effect of cSIRPalpha on axon growth is dependent upon integrin activation by laminin. These results suggest that SIRPalpha functions in the modulation of axonal growth by ECM molecules, such as laminin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, University of Colorado School of Medicine and University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, CO 80010, USA.
authors.forename: Xiaoxin X
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Karl H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Pfenninger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology; D005260:Female; D020439:Growth Cones / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D007797:Laminin / Q000378:metabolism; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy; D011485:Protein Binding; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019208:Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D007797:Laminin; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C501924:Sirpa protein, rat; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; C516727:Ptpn11 protein, rat