title: Functional analysis of c-Met/hepatocyte growth factor pathway in malignant pleural mesothelioma.
abstract: c-Met receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) has not been extensively studied in malignant pleural mesothelioma (MPM). In this study, c-Met was overexpressed and activated in most of the mesothelioma cell lines tested. Expression in MPM tissues by immunohistochemistry was increased (82%) in MPM in general compared with normal. c-Met was internalized with its ligand hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) in H28 MPM cells, with robust expression of c-Met. Serum circulating HGF was twice as high in mesothelioma patients as in healthy controls. There was a differential growth response and activation of AKT and extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 in response to HGF for the various cell lines. Dose-dependent inhibition (IC50 < 2.5 micromol/L) of cell growth in mesothelioma cell lines, but not in H2052, H2452, and nonmalignant MeT-5A (IC50 > 10 micromol/L), was observed with the small-molecule c-Met inhibitor SU11274. Furthermore, migration of H28 cells was blocked with both SU11274 and c-Met small interfering RNA. Abrogation of HGF-induced c-Met and downstream signaling was seen in mesothelioma cells. Of the 43 MPM tissues and 7 cell lines, we have identified mutations within the semaphorin domain (N375S, M431V, and N454I), the juxtamembrane domain (T1010I and G1085X), and an alternative spliced product with deletion of the exon 10 of c-Met in some of the samples. Interestingly, we observed that the cell lines H513 and H2596 harboring the T1010I mutation exhibited the most dramatic reduction of cell growth with SU11274 when compared with wild-type H28 and nonmalignant MeT-5A cells. Ultimately, c-Met would be an important target for therapy against MPM.
authors.affiliation: Section of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, University of Chicago Cancer Research Center, University of Chicago Medical Center, Pritzker School of Medicine, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Ramasamy
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jagadeeswaran
authors.forename: Patrick C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Tanguy Y
authors.initials: TY
authors.lastname: Seiwert
authors.forename: Sujatha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Jagadeeswaran
authors.forename: Osvaldo
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Zumba
authors.forename: Vidya
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Nallasura
authors.forename: Salman
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Rosangela
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Filiberti
authors.forename: Michela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paganuzzi
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Puntoni
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Kratzke
authors.forename: Gavin J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Sugarbaker
authors.forename: Raphael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bueno
authors.forename: Varalakshmi
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Janamanchi
authors.forename: Vytas P
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Bindokas
authors.forename: Hedy L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Kindler
authors.forename: Ravi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Salgia
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001483:Base Sequence; D048708:Cell Growth Processes / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor / Q000097:blood; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007211:Indoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D008654:Mesothelioma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D010997:Pleural Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: C478479:((3Z)-N-(3-chlorophenyl)-3-((3,5-dimethyl-4-((4-methylpiperazin-1-yl)carbonyl)-1H-pyrrol-2-yl)methylene)-N-methyl-2-oxo-2,3-dihydro-1H-indole-5-sulfonamide); D007211:Indoles; D010879:Piperazines; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D013449:Sulfonamides; D004815:Epidermal Growth Factor; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor; C080835:RON protein; D020794:Receptor Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3