title: Angiotensin II promotes the proliferation of activated pancreatic stellate cells by Smad7 induction through a protein kinase C pathway.
abstract: Activated pancreatic stellate cells (PSCs) play major roles in promoting pancreatic fibrosis. We previously reported that angiotensin II (Ang II) enhances activated PSC proliferation through EGF receptor transactivation. In the present study, we elucidated a novel intracellular mechanism by which Ang II stimulates cellular proliferation. TGF-beta1 inhibits activated PSC proliferation via a Smad3 and Smad4-dependent pathway in an autocrine manner. We demonstrated that Ang II inhibited TGF-beta1-induced nuclear accumulation of Smad3 and Smad4. Furthermore, Ang II rapidly induced inhibitory Smad7 mRNA expression. Adenovirus-mediated Smad7 overexpression inhibited TGF-beta1-induced nuclear accumulation of Smad3 and Smad4, and potentiated activated PSC proliferation. PKC inhibitor Go6983 blocked the induction of Smad7 mRNA expression by Ang II. In addition, 12-O-tetradecanoyl-phorbol 13-acetate, a PKC activator, increased Smad7 mRNA expression. These results suggest that Ang II enhances activated PSC proliferation by blocking autocrine TGF-beta1-mediated growth inhibition by inducing Smad7 expression via a PKC-dependent pathway.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Jichi Medical School, Tochigi 329-0498, Japan.
authors.forename: Kouji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hama
authors.forename: Hirohide
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ohnishi
authors.forename: Hiroyoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aoki
authors.forename: Hiroto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kita
authors.forename: Hironori
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Osawa
authors.forename: Kiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Kiichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tamada
authors.forename: Hirosato
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mashima
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugano
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000378:metabolism; D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D005355:Fibrosis / Q000473:pathology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007211:Indoles; D008301:Maleimides; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D010179:Pancreas / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D015398:Signal Transduction; D051900:Smad3 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D051901:Smad4 Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D051906:Smad7 Protein / Q000378:metabolism*; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D015533:Transcriptional Activation; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
chemical_list: C465664:2-(1-(3-dimethylaminopropyl)-5-methoxyindol-3-yl)-3-(1H-indol-3-yl)maleimide; D002227:Carbazoles; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007211:Indoles; D008301:Maleimides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051900:Smad3 Protein; D051901:Smad4 Protein; D051906:Smad7 Protein; C508962:Tgfb1 protein, rat; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1; D000804:Angiotensin II; D004247:DNA; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate