title: Reduced downward mobility of metolachlor and metribuzin from surfactant-modified clays.
abstract: The study aims to prepare the organoclay complexes of metolachlor and metribuzin so as to reduce their downward mobility in soil profile. The organoclays were preadsorbed with phenyltrimethylammonium (PTMA) (50% of cation exchange capacity [CEC]) and hexadecyltrimethylammonium (HDTMA) (100% of CEC). Four metolachlor formulations, two for each organoclay, were prepared having 1% and 2% load of herbicide and were called PTMA-Metol-1%, PTMA-Metol-2%, HDTMA-Metol-1% and HDTMA-Metol-2%. Two metribuzin formulations were prepared and were called PTMA-Metri-1% and HDTMA-Metri-1%. Soil column leaching experiment showed that compared to their commercially available formulations, organoclay complexes were effective in reducing the downward mobility of both herbicides. Organoclay complexes of metolachlor and metribuzin prepared using PTMA-Montmorillonite performed better than the HDTMA-Montmorillonite complexes.
authors.affiliation: Division of Agricultural Chemicals, Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, India. drneerasingh@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Neera
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Singh
mesh_terms: D000081:Acetamides / Q000737:chemistry*; D000327:Adsorption; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006540:Herbicides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D007202:Indicators and Reagents / Q000737:chemistry; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D014227:Triazines / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D000081:Acetamides; D006540:Herbicides; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014227:Triazines; C009571:phenyltrimethylammonium; C009235:metribuzin; C051786:metolachlor