title: The Carpentier-Edwards Classic and Physio mitral annuloplasty rings: a randomized trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate clinical and echocardiographic outcomes for the semi-flexible Carpentier-Edwards Physio and the rigid Classic mitral annuloplasty ring.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ninety-six patients were randomized for either a Classic (n = 53) or a Physio (n = 43) ring from October 1995 through July 1997. Mean follow-up was 5.1 years (range .1-6.6). We included standard patient characteristics at baseline and during follow-up. Analyses were adjusted for age and gender, and for factors that differed across groups at baseline. In 2002, echocardiography was performed in 74% of the survivors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found a 16% difference in mortality: 14% in the Physio group (n = 6) and 30% in the Classic group (n = 16) (adjusted P = .41). Life table analysis shows that the absolute risk of death after 30 months is lower in the Physio group. Intra-operative repair failure occurred in 3 patients (6%) of the Classic group, and in 4 (9%) of the Physio group, resulting in mitral valve replacement. Late failure occurred in 1 patient (2%) in the Classic group, and in 4 (9%) in the Physio group. At follow-up, left ventricular function did not differ across groups (ejection fraction 45% and 48% (adjusted P = .65)). The combined NYHA class III-IV had improved for the Classic group in 42% and for the Physio group in 34%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the 16% difference in mortality did not reach statistical significance, it is considered clinically important. No differences in morbidity, valve function, and left ventricular function were found. Further research to explain the difference in mortality is required.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardio-thoracic Surgery, Sint Antonius Hospital Nieuwegein, Heart Lung Center Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Ghada M M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Shahin
authors.forename: Geert J M G
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: van der Heijden
authors.forename: Michiel L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Bots
authors.forename: Maarten-Jan
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Cramer
authors.forename: Wybren
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jaarsma
authors.forename: José C A
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Gadellaa
authors.forename: Aart Brutel
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: de la Rivière
authors.forename: Henry A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: van Swieten
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D004452:Echocardiography; D004867:Equipment Design; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation; D006801:Humans; D015993:Life Tables; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008944:Mitral Valve Insufficiency / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D012086:Reoperation; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016277:Ventricular Function, Left