title: Flexion contracture after total knee arthroplasty in a patient with Parkinson's disease: successful treatment with botulinum toxin type A.
abstract: The few reports in the orthopedic literature that discuss outcomes after total knee arthroplasty in patients with Parkinson's disease cite mixed results. These patients are at increased risk for the development of flexion contracture, which has been shown to significantly worsen functional scores. The present report describes the development of a flexion contracture in a patient with Parkinson's disease after total knee arthroplasty. This contracture was successfully treated with manipulation under anesthesia and injections of botulinum toxin type A into the hamstring and gastrocnemius muscles, in conjunction with a static progressive extension orthosis and rigorous physical therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan Medical Center, Ann Arbor, Michigan, USA.
authors.forename: Steven N
authors.initials: SN
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hornyak
authors.forename: Andrew G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Urquhart
mesh_terms: D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003286:Contracture / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications*; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular
chemical_list: D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A