title: CC-chemokine receptor five gene polymorphism in primary IgA nephropathy: the 32 bp deletion allele is associated with late progression to end-stage renal failure with dialysis.
abstract: The chemokine (CK) receptor 5 (CCR5) is necessary for two adjacent cysteines (CC)-CKs such as Regulated upon Activation Normal T cell Expressed and Secreted, a/o Macrophage Inflammatory Protein 1alpha/beta to mediate their inflammatory properties. The CCR5 gene polymorphism with 32-basepair deletion (d32) leads to receptor inactivation/dysfunction in homo/heterozygous individuals. We have evaluated its role in both initiation and/or progression of primary immunoglobulin A (IgA) nephropathy (IGAN) in a case-control study involving a prospective cohort of 318 IGAN patients and a matched group of 294 controls. Genotyping was performed by a two-specific primers single polymerase chain reaction technique: normal allele (nl) vs d32 allele. The d32 allele frequency was not different in patients (11.0%) vs controls (8.3%), indicating no significant influence on IGAN initiation. Genotype to clinical phenotype correlation demonstrated that progression to renal/patient death was associated with the d32 allele: 18.2% (12 out of 66 with d32) vs 8.3% (21 out of 252); chi(2)=6.73; P=0.017. The Kaplan-Meier survival without renal/patient death was worse in d32-positive patients (log-rank test; P=0.002). The Cox regression analyses confirmed that the nl/nl genotype was a significant and independent protective factor for progression to end-stage renal failure (ESRF)/dialysis: beta/standard error (s.e.)=-3.1; chi(2)=9.5; relative risk=0.31 (95% confidence interval 0.15-0.65); P=0.002. The d32-CCR5 polymorphism played a significant role in the progression of primary IGAN, with the nl/nl genotype being an independent protective factor for late progression towards ESRF/dialysis. These data raise question about the usefulness of systematic CCR5 genotyping in IGAN patients.
authors.affiliation: Nephrology, Dialysis and Renal Transplantation Department, University North Hospital, Saint-Etienne, France. francois.berthoux@chu-st-etienne.fr
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Berthoux
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Berthoux
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mariat
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Thibaudin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Afiani
authors.forename: M-T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Linossier
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D005922:Glomerulonephritis, IGA / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D012044:Regression Analysis; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D019713:Receptors, CCR5