title: [Psychiatric investigation of Tyrolean patients with primary Raynaud's phenomenon].
abstract: Raynaud's phenomenon is provoked by digital vasospasm, mostly induced by cold and emotional strain. While studies dealing with other vasospastic disorders, e. g. migraine, described an increased comorbidity with affective and anxiety disorders, only little evidence has been reported for such an association in Raynaud's phenomenon. 70 Tyrolean patients (55 females and 15 males) with primary Raynaud's phenomenon presented more often with psychiatric morbidity on DSM-IV axis-I during their life-time than prevalence studies in the general population of North America and Europe would have led to expect. No psychotic (0%) and fewer somatoform disorders (2.9%) were found whereas anxiety disorders (77.1%), affective disorders (48.6%), and eating disorders (14.3%) were clearly overrepresented. We would therefore recommend a psychiatric evaluation in primary Raynaud's phenomenon along with the vascular diagnostic assessment to ensure that any psychiatric co-morbidity can be identified and treated.
authors.affiliation: Zentrum für Rückenmarkverletzte, Unfallkrankenhaus Berlin, Berlin, Deutschland. iris.weigel@ukb.de
authors.forename: Iris
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Weigel
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Klein-Weigel
authors.forename: Johann
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kinzl
authors.forename: Wilfried
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Biebl
authors.forename: Gustav
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fraedrich
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Heidrich
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D003080:Cold Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects; D015897:Comorbidity; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019964:Mood Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D011928:Raynaud Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D012016:Reference Values; D013001:Somatoform Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology*; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications