title: Allelic losses of chromosome 10 in glioma tissues detected by quantitative single-strand conformation polymorphism analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Detection of loss of heterozygosity (LOH) in clinical tissue samples is frequently difficult because samples are usually contaminated with noncancerous cells or because tumor cells in single tissues have genetic heterogeneity, and the precision of available techniques is insufficient for reliable analysis in such materials. We hypothesized that single-strand conformation polymorphism (SSCP) analysis can precisely quantify the gene dosage in mixed samples and is suitable for detection of LOH in clinical tissue samples.
  
  
  METHODS
  We assessed the accuracy of a fluorescent SSCP method for the quantification of single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) alleles, using DNAs that were composed of cancerous DNA mixed with noncancerous DNA at various ratios. We applied this method to precisely characterize LOH in glioma tissue samples, using 96 SNPs that were evenly distributed throughout chromosome 10.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LOH could be detected even in the cancerous DNA heavily contaminated (up to 80%) with noncancerous DNA. Using this method, we obtained LOH profiles of 56 gliomas with resolution at the SNP level (i.e., 1.5-Mbp interval). Anaplastic astrocytomas exhibited both 10p and 10q LOH, whereas diffuse astrocytomas frequently (63% of the cases) exhibited loss of 10p alone. We also found a possible new LOH region (around 10p13) in gliomas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present method is effective for precise mapping of LOH region in surgically obtained tumor tissues and could be applicable to the genetic diagnosis of cancers other than gliomas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Research Center for Genetic Information, Medical Institute of Bioregulation, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Nobuhiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshimoto
authors.forename: Nobuhiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mizoguchi
authors.forename: Tadahisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shono
authors.forename: Yanlei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: Tomoko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tahira
authors.forename: Yoji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kukita
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Higasa
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagata
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwaki
authors.forename: Tomio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Kenshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayashi
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000235:genetics; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D002879:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 10; D005910:Glioma / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D018807:Polymorphism, Single-Stranded Conformational