title: Transvaginal ultrasound after first-trimester uterine evacuation reduces the incidence of retained products of conception.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the incidence of retained products of conception (RPOC) in relation to transvaginal ultrasound performed after first-trimester uterine evacuation.
  
  
  METHODS
  This was a prospective randomized study involving 809 women undergoing first-trimester uterine evacuation. The study group included 404 women in whom transvaginal sonography was performed at the end of the surgical procedure and the control group contained 405 women who did not undergo ultrasound examination. Initially, in the study group, recurettage was immediately performed if the endometrium appeared irregular but latterly only if endometrial thickness was > or = 8 mm. The patients were followed up by gynecological and ultrasound examinations 5-8 days following the surgical procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The total complication rate was 4.3%. RPOC presented in three women in the study group (0.7%) and in 15 women in the control group (3.7%, P < 0.05). Vaginal bleeding requiring hospitalization occurred in two women in the study group (0.5%) vs. seven in the control group (1.7%, P = 0.2). Endometritis was diagnosed in one woman in the study group (0.2%) vs. six in the control group (1.5%) and uterine perforation occurred in one woman in the control group vs. none in the study group. There were no cases of RPOC in women who had an endometrial thickness of < 8 mm as demonstrated by ultrasound at the end of the surgical procedure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Transvaginal sonography immediately following first-trimester uterine evacuation may reduce the incidence of RPOC and the total complication rate. When the endometrial thickness is > or = 8 mm at the end of suction curettage, an attempt at re-evacuation of the uterine cavity is indicated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Debby
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Malinger
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Harow
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Golan
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Edith Wolfson Medical Center, Holon and Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Glezerman
mesh_terms: D000027:Abortion, Incomplete / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D018457:Placenta, Retained / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D014619:Vacuum Curettage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*