title: The influence of maternal socioeconomic and emotional factors on infant weight gain and weight faltering (failure to thrive): data from a prospective birth cohort.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the influence of maternal socioeconomic and emotional factors on infant weight gain and weight faltering (failure to thrive) in the first year of life.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Gateshead Millennium Baby Study is a population birth cohort in northeast England studied prospectively from birth, via parental questionnaires and a health check aged 13 months. Data were collected on maternal education, deprivation, eating attitudes, and depression, using the Edinburgh Post Natal Depression Scale (EPDS) at 3 months. Weight gain was assessed using change in weight SD score, conditional on birth weight (Thrive Index); weight faltering was defined as conditional weight gain below the 5th centile.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 923 eligible infants born at term, 774 (84%) had both weight and questionnaire data. Replicating a previous finding, both the highest and the lowest levels of deprivation were associated with weight faltering; this was independent of the type of milk feeding. No relation was found with maternal educational status. Maternal eating restraint was unrelated to weight gain. Infants of mothers with high depression symptom scores (EPDS >12) had significantly slower weight gain and increased rates of weight faltering up to 4 months (relative risk 2.5), especially if they came from deprived families, but by 12 months they were no different from the remainder of the cohort.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this setting, social and maternal characteristics had little influence on infants' weight gain, apart from a strong, but transient effect of postnatal depression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child Health, University of Glasgow, UK. charlotte.wright@clinmed.gla.ac.uk
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: K N
authors.initials: KN
authors.lastname: Parkinson
authors.forename: R F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Drewett
mesh_terms: D016241:Child of Impaired Parents; D019052:Depression, Postpartum; D004522:Educational Status; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005183:Failure to Thrive / Q000209:etiology*; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D011203:Poverty; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D015430:Weight Gain