title: Conversion from cyclosporine to sirolimus in stable renal transplant recipients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Conversion from cyclosporine (CsA) to sirolimus (SRL) has mainly been done in clinical conditions warranting calcineurin inhibitor discontinuation. Little is known about the clinical outcome of conversion in renal transplant recipients without transplant dysfunction.
  
  
  METHODS
  This prospective, open-label, multicentric pilot study evaluates the safety and efficacy of converting patients with stable renal function from CsA to SRL.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Forty stable patients on CsA, mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) (1.5 g/day), and steroids (ST) were converted at 7.6+/-1.4 months after renal transplantation. At 1 year, graft and patient survival was 100% and the incidence of acute rejection 5%. Calculated glomerular filtration rate (GFR) increased from 54+/-18 to 66+/-16 ml/min (P<0.0001). Blood pressure remained unchanged. A gradual increase in the incidence and severity of proteinuria was observed from month 6 onwards with de novo proteinuria in 30% of the patients at 1 year. Protein excretion was below 1 g/day in 12.5%, between 1 and 3 g/day in 17.5% and above 3 g/day in 7.5% of the proteinuric cohort (P=0.0043, compared to baseline). No predictors could be identified for the development of proteinuria. All patients had a reduction in protein excretion following renin-angiotensin blockade and were continued on SRL.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Conversion of stable renal transplant recipients from a CsA-MMF-ST to a SRL-MMF-ST regimen is safe and results in improved renal function but is associated with the development of proteinuria in 30% of the patients requiring renin-angiotensin blockade.
authors.affiliation: Renal Unit, Academisch Ziekenhuis, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Laarbeeklaan 101, B-1090 Brussels, Belgium. hemofsn@az.vub.ac.be
authors.forename: Jacques J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Sennesael
authors.forename: Jean Louis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Bosmans
authors.forename: Jean Paul
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bogers
authors.forename: Dierik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Verbeelen
authors.forename: Gert A
authors.initials: GA
authors.lastname: Verpooten
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000601:surgery; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005919:Glomerular Filtration Rate; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000601:surgery; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine; D003404:Creatinine; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid; D020123:Sirolimus