title: The effect of mild and moderate hepatic impairment on pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of febuxostat, a novel nonpurine selective inhibitor of xanthine oxidase.
abstract: To assess the effect of hepatic impairment on the pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and safety of febuxostat at steady state, multiple once-daily 80-mg oral doses of febuxostat were administered to subjects with normal hepatic function and to subjects with mild or moderate hepatic impairment. There were no statistically significant differences in the plasma pharmacokinetic parameters for unbound febuxostat and its active metabolites between subjects with mild or moderate hepatic impairment and those with normal hepatic function. The percentage decrease in serum uric acid appeared to be lower in hepatic impairment groups (49% [mild] and 48% [moderate]) as compared to the normal hepatic group (62%). This lower percentage decrease was minimal and not considered clinically significant. Febuxostat 80 mg once daily appears to be generally safe and well tolerated in mildly and moderately impaired hepatic function groups, and dose adjustment is not required in subjects with mild to moderate hepatic impairment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, TAP Pharmaceutical Products Inc, 675 North Field Drive, Lake Forest, IL 60045, USA.
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Khosravan
authors.forename: Brian A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Grabowski
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: Jing-Tao
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Joseph-Ridge
authors.forename: Laurent
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vernillet
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D001711:Biotransformation; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000069465:Febuxostat; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D013844:Thiazoles; D000069465:Febuxostat; D014969:Xanthine Oxidase