title: Intracranial hemorrhages associated with intravenous platelet glycoprotein IIB/IIIA receptor inhibitors in the United States.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the rates of intracranial hemorrhages associated with GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors in routine practice.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Rates of intracranial hemorrhages (ICH) among patients treated with platelet glycoprotein (GP) IIb/IIIa inhibitors for coronary interventions and acute coronary syndromes have been studied within clinical trials but not in routine practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated the rates of ICH in routine practice in United States (US) using national estimates of rates, in-hospital outcomes, and mortality obtained from National Hospital Discharge Survey.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were 367 294 patients aged 18 years or greater who were treated with platelet GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors between 2000 and 2002 in United States. ICH was observed in 479 (0.13%) of the 367,294 patients with a 100% associated mortality. ICHs related to GP IIb/IIIa inhibitors comprised 0.12% of the total number of ICHs (n = 411 621) observed in United States between 2000 and 2002.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  ICH related to platelet GPIIb/IIIa inhibitors is uncommon but associated with high mortality.
authors.affiliation: Zeenat Qureshi Stroke Research Center, University of Medicine and Dentistry of New Jersey, Newark, 07103, USA. aiqureshi@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Adnan I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.forename: M S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Hussain
authors.forename: Abu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nasar
authors.forename: Jawad F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Kirmani
authors.forename: Afshin A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Divani
authors.forename: Shafiudin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: M Fareed K
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Suri
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D020300:Intracranial Hemorrhages / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000188:drug therapy; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D019039:Platelet Glycoprotein GPIIb-IIIa Complex