title: Topo-kinesthetic memory in chronic headaches. A new test for chronic patients: preliminary report.
abstract: The objective of this study was to establish if chronic headaches with medication overuse can modify a topo-kinesthetic memory test. Nineteen patients with medication overuse headache (MOH), 13 patients with chronic tension-type headache (CTTH) without medication use and a group of "normal" subjects underwent a topo-kinesthetic memory test at T0 and after one month (T1); a control group of healthy volunteers was also tested to establish the baseline in our experimental setting. After one month, in the MOH patients there was a reduction of medication overuse from 3.3+/-2.65 to 1.1+/-2.23 (p<0.01), but no significant reduction in headache frequency and severity index, quality of life, anxiety and depression scores. The navigation time at T0 was 14.3+/-4.97, 27.9+/-10.12, 34.3+/-15.38 and 7.5+/-2.33, 10.1+/-2.95, 11.4+/-3.21 for control, MOH and CTTH with closed and open eyes, respectively (p<0.02). At T1, the MOH patients reached performances with open eyes similar to the healthy controls, while with closed eyes the navigation test reached times similar to those of CTTH patients. The topo-kinesthetic memory test seems both able to discriminate MOH and CTTH from healthy volunteers and to be related to pain scores but is not influenced by the use of drugs.
authors.affiliation: Headache Study Center, University of Modena & Reggio Emilia, Via del Pozzo 71, I-41100, Modena, Italy. pinila@unimore.it
authors.forename: Luigi A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Pini
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Guidetti
authors.forename: Daria
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brovia
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pontremoli
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sarchielli
mesh_terms: D002908:Chronic Disease; D005260:Female; D051271:Headache Disorders, Secondary / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D007699:Kinesthesis; D008297:Male; D008568:Memory / Q000502:physiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology; D018781:Tension-Type Headache / Q000523:psychology*; D014785:Vision, Ocular / Q000502:physiology