title: Three-dimensional patterns of hippocampal atrophy in mild cognitive impairment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure hippocampal volumes in patients diagnosed as having subtypes of mild cognitive impairment (MCI) relative to those of elderly control subjects and those of patients with Alzheimer disease (AD) using 3-dimensional mesh reconstructions.
  
  
  METHODS
  A magnetic resonance imaging volumetric study of MCI subgroups (MCI, amnesic subtype [MCI-A]; and MCI, multiple cognitive domain subtype) using 3-dimensional mesh reconstructions of the structure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Referral dementia clinic.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six subjects with MCI (MCI-A, n = 6; and MCI, multiple cognitive domain subtype, n = 20), 20 subjects with AD, and 20 controls who were equivalent in age, education, and sex distributions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three-dimensional parametric mesh models of the hippocampus and total hippocampal volumes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The hippocampi of the patients with AD were significantly atrophic relative to those of the healthy controls. The MCI, multiple cognitive domain subtype, group did not differ from the controls, yet was significantly different from the MCI-A and the AD groups. The MCI-A patients had significant hippocampal atrophy compared with the controls, and did not differ significantly from the patients with AD.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data add to the growing evidence that there are multiple forms of MCI, that they have distinct neuropathological correlates, and that MCI, multiple cognitive domain subtype, is not a more advanced form of the MCI-A subtype.
authors.affiliation: Alzheimer's Disease Research Center, University of Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. beckerjt@upmc.edu
authors.forename: James T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Becker
authors.forename: Simon W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Davis
authors.forename: Kiralee M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Carolyn Cidis
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Meltzer
authors.forename: Arthur W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Toga
authors.forename: Oscar L
authors.initials: OL
authors.lastname: Lopez
authors.forename: Paul M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D001284:Atrophy / Q000473:pathology; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000145:classification / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests