title: CCAAT/enhancer binding proteins and interferon signaling pathways.
abstract: Interferons (IFNs) regulate a number of host responses, including innate and adaptive immunity against viruses, microbes, and neoplastic cells. These responses are dependent on the expression of IFN-stimulated genes (ISGs). Given the diversities in these responses and their kinetics, it is conceivable that a number of different factors are required for controlling them. Here, we describe one such pathway wherein transcription factor CAAAT/enhancer binding protein-beta (C/EBP-beta) is controlled via IFN-gamma-induced MAPK signaling pathways. At least two IFN-gamma-induced MAPK signals converge on to C/EBP-beta for inducing transcription. One of these, driven by extracellular signal-regulated kinases (ERKs), phosphorylates the C/EBP-beta protein in its regulatory domain. The second, driven by the mixed-lineage kinases (MLKs), induces a dephosphorylation leading to the recruitment of transcriptional coactivators.
authors.affiliation: Greenebaum Cancer Center, Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Maryland School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21201, USA. dkalvako@umaryland.edu
authors.forename: Dhananjaya V
authors.initials: DV
authors.lastname: Kalvakolanu
authors.forename: Sanjit K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Roy
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta / Q000378:metabolism; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism; D007372:Interferons / Q000378:metabolism*; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D022782:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Protein-beta; D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D007372:Interferons; D020930:MAP Kinase Kinase Kinases