Expression and function of C/EBP homology protein (GADD153) in podocytes.
Podocytes are crucial for the permeability of the glomerular filtration barrier. In glomerular disease, however, reactive oxygen species (ROS) may be involved in podocyte injury and subsequent proteinuria. Here, we describe ROS-dependent gene induction in differentiated podocytes stimulated with H(2)O(2) or xanthine/xanthine-oxidase. Superoxide anions and H(2)O(2) increased mRNA and protein expression of GAS5 (growth arrest-specific protein 5) and CHOP (C/EBP homology protein). Cultured podocytes overexpressing CHOP showed increased generation of superoxide anions compared to controls. In addition, the expression of alpha(3)/beta(1) integrins, crucial for cell-matrix interaction of podocytes, was down-regulated, leading to increased cell-matrix adhesion and cell displacement. The altered cell-matrix adhesion was antagonized by the ROS scavenger 1,3-dimethyl-2-thiourea, and the increase in cell displacement could be mimicked by stimulating untransfected podocytes with puromycin, an inductor of ROS. We next performed immunohistochemical staining of human kidney tissue (normal, membranous nephropathy, focal segmental glomerulosclerosis, and minimal change nephropathy) as well as sections from rats with puromycin nephrosis, a model of minimal change nephropathy. CHOP was weakly expressed in podocytes of control kidneys but up-regulated in most proteinuric human kidneys and in rat puromycin nephrosis. Our data suggest that CHOP-via increased ROS generation-regulates cell-matrix adhesion of podocytes in glomerular disease.
Bek
Martin F
MF
Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, University Clinics Muenster, Albert-Schweitzer-Str. 33, 48149 Muenster, Germany.
Bayer
Michael
M
Müller
Barbara
B
Greiber
Stefan
S
Lang
Detlef
D
Schwab
Albrecht
A
August
Christian
C
Springer
Erik
E
Rohrbach
Rolf
R
Huber
Tobias B
TB
Benzing
Thomas
T
Pavenstädt
Hermann
H
D000818:Animals; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015536:Down-Regulation; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D039001:Integrin alpha Chains / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D039641:Integrin beta Chains / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D050199:Podocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D020537:RNA, Small Nucleolar / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013481:Superoxides / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D051742:Transcription Factor CHOP / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
C497250:Ddit3 protein, mouse; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D039001:Integrin alpha Chains; D039641:Integrin beta Chains; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D020537:RNA, Small Nucleolar; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C109857:growth arrest specific transcript 5; D013481:Superoxides; D051742:Transcription Factor CHOP; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide