title: Steroid therapy improves endothelial function in patients with biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Endothelial dysfunction has been found to be present in subjects with both small and medium-size blood vessel vasculitides. We assess whether endothelial dysfunction was also present in patients with biopsy-proven giant cell arteritis (GCA) and whether it might be improved following steroid treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endothelial function was determined in cross-sectional and longitudinal studies of 6 patients with biopsy-proven GCA diagnosed between January and May 2002 by measuring flow-mediated endothelial-dependent and independent vasodilatation (EDV and EIV) by brachial ultrasonography. Patients were assessed for endothelial function within 48 hours after the onset of steroid therapy, 4 weeks after the onset of steroid therapy, and 2 years after the disease diagnosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EDV was significantly impaired in patients with GCA compared with 12 matched controls [mean 2.9%, median 2.45% (range 2.1% to 4.7%) vs mean 6.5%, median 6.6% (range 3.9% to 9.3%) in matched controls; p = 0.002]. However, no significant difference existed between patients and controls in EIV. Significant improvement of EDV after the suppression of inflammation was achieved. At Week 4 after the onset of steroid therapy all 6 patients showed enhanced responses (p = 0.028). This improvement of EDV was still present when steroid treatment was ended, 2 years after diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endothelial function is significantly impaired in individuals with active biopsy-proven GCA. The results highlight the importance of steroid therapy to improve endothelial function after suppression of the inflammation of GCA.
authors.affiliation: Division of Rheumatology, Hospital Xeral-Calde, Lugo, Spain. miguelaggay@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Juanatey
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Llorca
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Garcia-Porrua
authors.forename: Amalia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sanchez-Andrade
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Martín
authors.forename: Miguel A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Gay
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D013700:Giant Cell Arteritis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012039:Regional Blood Flow / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D008775:Methylprednisolone