title: Airways inflammation among workers in poultry houses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Previous studies have demonstrated that persons working with poultry have an increased incidence of chest symptoms and decreased lung function. A study was undertaken to evaluate the usefulness of airway responsiveness measurements to diagnose the presence of airways inflammation and relate this to the workplace exposure.
  
  
  METHODS
  The group studied comprised of 42 non-smoking poultry workers and 40 controls not exposed to organic dusts. The presence of symptoms was evaluated using a standardized questionnaire for organic dust exposures. Airway responsiveness was measured using the methacholine challenge test. The concentrations of airborne endotoxin and (1-->3)-beta-D-glucan were measured.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Exposure levels were in excess of those expected to cause effects in the airways. There was significantly higher airway responsiveness among the workers compared to controls (decrease 9.5 SD 7.5 vs 3.4, SD 3.3). Poultry workers had a higher prevalence of toxic pneumonitis, airways inflammation and chronic bronchitis compared to controls. Endotoxin levels in the poultry buildings exceeded those earlier suggested as the threshold value for airways inflammation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Medicine, University of Gothenburg, Box 414, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden. envhealth@biofact.se
authors.forename: Ragnar
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rylander
authors.forename: Maria Fernanda
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Carvalheiro
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000382:Agricultural Workers' Diseases / Q000276:immunology*; D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001985:Bronchial Provocation Tests; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003371:Cough / Q000209:etiology; D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D005936:Glucans / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000032:analysis; D006306:Health Surveys; D006799:Housing, Animal; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000209:etiology; D019570:Inhalation Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011200:Poultry; D012130:Respiratory Hypersensitivity / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D000395:Air Pollutants, Occupational; D004391:Dust; D004731:Endotoxins; D005936:Glucans