title: Occupational contact dermatitis among the traditional 'tie and dye' cottage industry in Western Rajasthan.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Dyeing is an age-old process and forms an integral part of textile industries. Tying is a process by which a particular part of cloth is prevented from the process of dyeing. The skin diseases in workers engaged in the 'tie and dye' industry have not been extensively studied.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the prevalence of contact dermatitis among workers engaged in the 'tie and dye' industries in and around Jodhpur (Western Rajasthan).
  
  
  METHODS
  One thousand three hundred workers engaged in 'tie and dye' work were evaluated for occupation-related dermatitis. Those with skin lesions were subjected to patch tests using 2% aqueous solution of the dyes and chemicals commonly used by them. These included direct dyes, VAT dyes, sulfur dyes and azo dyes. Fifty workers without skin lesions served as controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred patients (7.69%) had dermatitis involving the exposed sites, mainly the hands and forearms. Eighty-one patients showed positive reactions to one or more dyes, most commonly Red RC base (azo dye), followed by naphthol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Red RC base and naphthol were the commonest allergens in the 'tie and dye' industry.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Venereology and Leprosy, Dr. S. N. Medical College, Jodhpur, Rajasthan, India. mks_2_in@yahoo.com
authors.forename: M K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Singhi
authors.forename: P R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Menghani
authors.forename: L K
authors.initials: LK
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Dilip
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kachhawa
authors.forename: Mohit
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bansal
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000485:Allergens / Q000009:adverse effects; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D009783:Dermatitis, Occupational / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009284:Naphthols / Q000009:adverse effects*; D010328:Patch Tests; D015995:Prevalence; D013783:Textile Industry
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D004396:Coloring Agents; D009284:Naphthols