Expression profiles of hot pepper (Capsicum annum) genes under cold stress conditions.
In an attempt to determine a cold defense mechanism in plants, we have attempted to characterize changes occurring in the expression of cold-regulated transcript levels in the hot pepper (Capsicum annum), using cDNA microarray analysis, combined with Northern blot analysis. After analysing a 3.1 K hot pepper cDNA microarray, we isolated a total of 317 cold inducible genes. We selected 42 genes which were up-regulated and three genes which were down-regulated due to cold treatment, for further analysis. Among the 45 genes which appeared to be up-regulated by cold, 19 genes appeared to be simultaneously regulated by salt stress. Among the up-regulated cold-stress genes, we identified a variety of transcription factors, including: a family of 4 ethylene-responsive element binding protein (EREBP, designated CaEREBP-C1 to C4) genes, a bZIP protein (CaBZ1), RVA1, Ring domain protein, HSF1, and the WRKY (CaWRKY1) protein. As mentioned earlier, several genes appeared to be induced not only by cold stress, but also simultaneously by salt stress. These genes included: CaEREBP-C3, CaBZ1, putative trans-activator factor, NtPRp27, malate dehydrogenase, putative auxin-repressed protein, protein phosphatase (CaTPP1), SAR8.2 protein precursor, late-embryogenesis abundant protein 5 (LEA5), DNAJ protein homologue, xyloglucanendo-1,4-beta-D-gucanase precursor, PR10, and the putative non-specific lipid transfer protein StnsLTP.
Hwang
Eul-Won
EW
Division of Applied Biological Sciences, Sunmoon University, Asan 336-708, Korea.
Kim
Kyung-A
KA
Park
Soo-Chul
SC
Jeong
Mi-Jeong
MJ
Byun
Myung-Ok
MO
Kwon
Hawk-Bin
HB
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D015152:Blotting, Northern / Q000379:methods; D002212:Capsicum / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D016384:Consensus Sequence; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D003681:Dehydration / Q000235:genetics; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005615:Freezing; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000235:genetics; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis / Q000379:methods; D010802:Phylogeny; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics; D015854:Up-Regulation
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D018398:Homeodomain Proteins; D010940:Plant Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors; C093680:ethylene-responsive element binding protein; D012965:Sodium Chloride