title: Alteration of gene expression in response to bone morphogenetic protein-2 in androgen-dependent human prostate cancer LNCaP cells.
abstract: Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-2, a multifunctional member of the transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta superfamily with powerful osteoinductive effects, has various biological activities in a variety of cells. We observed that BMP-2 inhibits cell proliferation in the androgen-dependent human prostate cancer cell line, LNCaP. To investigate the mechanism of inhibition of androgen-dependent growth by BMP-2, we compared the gene expression in LNCaP cells treated with dihydrotestosterone (DHT) to that of LNCaP cells treated with DHT and BMP-2, using DNA microarray analysis. Of 8,400 human genes on the gene chip, 38 genes were up-regulated by >2.0-fold and 48 genes were down-regulated by <0.5-fold by treatment with BMP-2. These genes were involved in a variety of cellular functions, including signal transduction, transcription regulation, enzymes, transporters, structural molecules and translation. RT-PCR analysis showed that CH1CL and BMX were up-regulated and DACH1 and WNT5A were down-regulated by treatment with BMP-2. Furthermore, we detected an increase of WNT5A protein in the medium by DHT and inhibition of the increase by BMP-2. In the present study, we identified several BMP-2-responsive genes in LNCaP cells. Further studies of the roles of these genes may clarify the mechanisms underlying the inhibition of cell proliferation by BMP-2 and identify better approaches for the prevention and treatment of prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene-Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Tokyo University of Science, Chiba 278-8510, Japan.
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kumagai
authors.forename: Kentaro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tomari
authors.forename: Takahisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Ken
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takeda
mesh_terms: D000728:Androgens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000235:genetics; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D013739:Testosterone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; C525718:BMP2 protein, human; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D013739:Testosterone; C013915:boldenone