title: Internal nasal valve: revisited with objective facts.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Comprehensive examination of the internal nasal valve (INV) using objective methods.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this prospective study, 248 nasal cavities were examined by nasal endoscopy, acoustic rhinometry (ARM), and rhinomanometry (RMM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Endoscopic examination allowed to suggest a novel classification of INV: convex, concave, sharp angle, blunt angle, twisted caudal border, and angle occupied by the septal body. The INV angle occupied with septal body type was found to have increased nasal resistances compared with the sharp-angled internal nasal valve type (P < 0.05). Convex, concave, and sharp-angle types of INV angles were found different (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  INV should be examined objectively before any INV surgery. A novel description of the INV configurations and their effects on nasal respiration found in this study may increase our understanding and lead surgical approaches more adequately. A surgical attempt to augment INV angle value may impact positively on nasal resistance.
  
  
  METHODS
  C-4.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology, Inonu University School of Medicine, 44069 Malatya, Turkey. mcmiman@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Murat Cem
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Miman
authors.forename: Hacim
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Deliktaş
authors.forename: Orhan
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ozturan
authors.forename: Yüksel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Toplu
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akarçay
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001837:Body Weights and Measures; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D009300:Nasal Septum / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012016:Reference Values; D025363:Rhinomanometry; D023842:Rhinometry, Acoustic