title: Factors associated with insulin discontinuation in subjects with ketosis-prone diabetes but preserved beta-cell function.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate factors predictive of insulin discontinuation in subjects with ketosis-prone Type 2 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and six subjects with ketosis-prone Type 2 diabetes were recruited during the index episode of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). All subjects were followed in a special clinic for at least 6 months. If the subject's glycaemic control reached specified glycaemic goals, exogenous insulin was gradually decreased until discontinuation. Baseline and follow-up characteristics were compared between the off-insulin and the on-insulin groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At the end of the follow-up period (915+/-375 days) insulin was discontinued in 47% subjects. Subjects in the off-insulin group were significantly older at the time of diagnosis of diabetes. In the off-insulin group the majority of subjects were newly diagnosed with diabetes. After 6 months of follow-up, subjects in the off-insulin group had significantly lower mean HbA(1c), higher mean C-peptide-to-glucose ratio and had more clinic visits per year. In the proportional hazard analysis, new-onset diabetes [hazard ratio (HR) 1.54; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.02-2.45], and a higher C-peptide-to-glucose ratio at 6 months of follow-up (HR 1.77; 95% CI 1.22-2.63) were significant predictors of insulin discontinuation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In subjects with ketosis-prone Type 2 diabetes, the best predictors of insulin discontinuation are having new-onset diabetes, and higher beta-cell functional reserve (as measured by the C-peptide-to-glucose ratio).
authors.affiliation: Division of Endocrinology, Department of Medicine, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA. mariom@bcm.tmc.edu
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Maldonado
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Otiniano
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cheema
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rodriguez
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Balasubramanyam
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016883:Diabetic Ketoacidosis / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007328:Insulin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007515:Islets of Langerhans / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002096:C-Peptide; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin