title: Effects of pefloxacin in multi drug resistant typhoid Fever.
abstract: In 28 children, with bacteriologically and/or serologically diagnosed typhoid fever treated at CMH, Rawalpindi in 2003, first one of the three recommended drugs (viz. chloramphenicol, amoxycillin or co-trimoxazole) was given for 7 days for defervescence to occur. In those who failed to respond a second trial of therapy with one of the other two drugs was initiated, after excluding the first drug. A second failure of therapy was taken as an indication to use pefloxacin singly. Finally, 18 (64.3%) cases responded to chloramphenicol or amoxycillin or co-trimoxazole. Pefloxacin was used in 10 (35.7%) cases. The failure rate of treatment with chloramphenicol was 50%, with amoxycillin 71.4% with co-trimoxazole 75% and 0% with pefloxacin. An analysis of the 28 cases revealed that apart from fever (in 100%), splenomegaly (in 82.1%) was the most important clinical indicator to diagnosis. along with absolute eosinopenia (in 71.4%). There were no major complications, except 2 cases with typhoid hepatitis that responded to choramphenicol and co-trimoxazole, respectively. Blood culture grew Salmonella typhi in 7 cases of which 5 (72%) were multi drug resistant S. typhi.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Pharmacy, Gomal University, Dera Ismail Khan.
authors.forename: Zakir
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Ullah
authors.forename: Wilayat
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Abdul Matin
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: M Farid
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Khan
authors.forename: Ayaz Hussain
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.forename: Ahmed
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Khan
mesh_terms: D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001772:Blood Cell Count; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D002701:Chloramphenicol / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D015366:Pefloxacin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014435:Typhoid Fever / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D015366:Pefloxacin; D002701:Chloramphenicol; D000658:Amoxicillin; D015662:Trimethoprim, Sulfamethoxazole Drug Combination