title: Approximate solution to the bidomain equations for electrocardiogram problems.
abstract: Simulating the electrocardiogram requires specifying the transmembrane potential distribution within the heart and calculating the potential on the surface of the body. Often, such calculations are based on the bidomain model of cardiac tissue. A subtle but fundamental problem arises when considering the boundary between the cardiac tissue and the surrounding volume conductor. In general, one finds that two potentials--the extracellular potential in the tissue and the potential in the surrounding bath--obey three boundary conditions, implying that the potentials are overdetermined. In this paper, we derive a general method for handling bidomain boundary conditions that eliminates this problem. The gist of the method is that we add an additional term to the transmembrane potential that falls exponentially with depth into the tissue. The purpose of this term is to satisfy the third boundary condition. Then, we take the limit as the length constant associated with this extra term goes to zero. Our result is two boundary conditions that approximately account for the full set of three boundary conditions at the tissue surface.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics, Oakland University, Rochester, Michigan 48309, USA.
authors.forename: Salil G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Bradley J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Roth
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003936:Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D004562:Electrocardiography / Q000379:methods*; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological