title: The flavonoid Casticin has multiple mechanisms of tumor cytotoxicity action.
abstract: We studied the mechanism of anti-tumor activity of the flavonoid Casticin, derived from Achillea millefolium. Casticin anti-tumor activity results in cell growth arrest in G2/M and in apoptotic death. As a tubulin-binding agent (TBA), Casticin induces p21, which in turn inhibits Cdk1. Moreover, Casticin appears to down regulate cyclin A. These observations could explain Casticin-induced G2/M arrest. Following Casticin exposure, Bcl-2 depletion occurs in cancer cells, and a sub-G1 accumulation occurs in the cell cycle. Moreover, following a transient transfection with Bcl-2, MN1 cells are resistant to Casticin. A number of features suggest that Casticin could be important in cancer therapy. Indeed, Pgp over expressing cells are not resistant to Casticin, and its cell killing effect is observed even in p53 mutant or null cell lines.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Montreal Center for experimental Therapeutics in Cancer, Lady Davis Institute for Medical Research, McGill University, Montreal, Que., Canada H3T 1E2.
authors.forename: Khadidja
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Haïdara
authors.forename: Lolita
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zamir
authors.forename: Qui-Wen
authors.initials: QW
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: Gerald
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Batist
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017209:Apoptosis; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008956:Models, Chemical; D009154:Mutation; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000378:metabolism; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts / Q000494:pharmacology; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C493956:CDKN1A protein, human; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D005419:Flavonoids; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; C054133:casticin; D016203:CDC2 Protein Kinase; C022616:thiazolyl blue