title: Enhancement of intermittent androgen ablation by "off-cycle" maintenance with finasteride in LNCaP prostate cancer xenograft model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intermittent androgen ablation (IAA) was developed with the intention of delaying progression of prostate cancer to androgen-independence and improving quality of life. Our previous studies suggest that relative to dihydrotestosterone (DHT), testosterone (T) is a weak inducer of proliferation and a more potent inducer of differentiation. We hypothesize that administration of finasteride (F), a type-II 5-alpha-reductase inhibitor that increases T and decreases DHT, during the IAA "off-cycle" would enhance the efficacy.
  
  
  METHODS
  After LNCaP tumor establishment, nude mice were castrated and randomized to continuous androgen ablation (CAA), continuous androgen ablation plus finasteride (CAA + F), intermittent androgen ablation (IAA), or intermittent androgen ablation plus finasteride (IAA + F).
  
  
  RESULTS
  After one cycle of therapy, mice treated with IAA + F had significantly less tumor growth than the other treatment groups (P = 0.002). Mice treated with IAA + F had the best survival (P = 0.048) and were 3-5 times more likely to be alive 70 days following treatment initiation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IAA with finasteride provides the most favorable tumor growth kinetics and survival compared to both CAA and standard IAA.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Northwestern University, Chicago, Illinois 60611, USA.
authors.forename: Scott E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Eggener
authors.forename: Jeff A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Stern
authors.forename: Pankaj M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Jain
authors.forename: Shane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Oram
authors.forename: Junkui
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ai
authors.forename: Xiaoyan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Cai
authors.forename: Kim A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Roehl
authors.forename: Zhou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000728:Androgens / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018120:Finasteride / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009919:Orchiectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D018120:Finasteride