title: Pro- and antioxidant effects and cytoprotective potentials of nine edible vegetables in southwest Nigeria.
abstract: Antioxidant and cytoprotective activities of boiled, cold, and methanolic extracts of nine edible vegetables in Southwest Nigeria were evaluated in the 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl free radical assay and hemagglutination assay in bovine erythrocytes, respectively. Crassocephalum rubens showed the highest antioxidant activity (56.5%), Solanum americanum and Vernonia amygdalina exhibited moderate antioxidant activity (26.0-37.5% and 14.8-36.2%, respectively), Solanum macrocarpon, Telfaria occidentalis, Amaranthus hybridus, and Jatropha tanjorensis produced weak activity (1.6-15.8%, 1.6-7.7%, 2.8-6.62%, and 10.7-12.1%, respectively), while Celosia argentea and Talinum triangulare were pro-oxidants. It was also shown that extracts from all the vegetables are pro-oxidants at high concentrations of either 1 or 5 mg/mL or both. On the other hand, the studies on the cytoprotective effect showed that all the plant extracts demonstrated a very low hemagglutination titer value between 0.32 and 5.56 except S. americanum methanolic extract, which had a titer of 50.0. These results indicated correlation between the antioxidant properties and the hemagglutination values of these plant extracts; however, the membrane stabilizing capacity of the extracts supports the plants' antioxidant activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Obafemi Awolowo University, Ile-Ife, Nigeria.
authors.forename: E O
authors.initials: EO
authors.lastname: Iwalewa
authors.forename: C O
authors.initials: CO
authors.lastname: Adewunmi
authors.forename: N O A
authors.initials: NO
authors.lastname: Omisore
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Adebanji
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Azike
authors.forename: A O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Adigun
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Adesina
authors.forename: O G
authors.initials: OG
authors.lastname: Olowoyo
mesh_terms: D027721:Amaranthus / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019659:Asteraceae / Q000737:chemistry; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D002417:Cattle; D034762:Celosia / Q000737:chemistry; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D006384:Hemagglutination; D031286:Jatropha / Q000737:chemistry; D009549:Nigeria; D016877:Oxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D029622:Portulacaceae / Q000737:chemistry; D032322:Solanum / Q000737:chemistry; D014675:Vegetables / Q000737:chemistry*; D035741:Vernonia / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D001713:Biphenyl Compounds; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D016877:Oxidants; D010851:Picrates; D010936:Plant Extracts; C004931:1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl