title: The G1888A variant in the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene may be associated with Type 2 diabetes in Caucasian-Brazilian patients from southern Brazil.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the frequencies of the G1888A variant in the mitochondrial 16S rRNA gene between patients with Type 2 diabetes and non-diabetic control subjects from southern Brazil.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analysed 520 Type 2 diabetic patients (389 Caucasian- and 131 African-Brazilians) and 530 control subjects (400 Caucasian- and 130 African-Brazilians). DNA samples were amplified by polymerase chain reaction and digested with the RsaI enzyme. Variant frequency in patients and control subjects was compared using chi2 test, Fisher's exact test or odds ratio test. We also investigated the frequency of the G1888A variant in a subgroup of the patients with a maternal history of Type 2 diabetes plus two or more features of maternally inherited diabetes and deafness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 1888A allele does not seem to be associated with Type 2 diabetes in African-Brazilians (frequency of 3.8% in patients and 0.8% in control subjects; PFisher=0.213). However, in Caucasian-Brazilians, the 1888A allele was significantly associated with diabetes (12.3% in patients vs. 3.5% in control subjects; OR=3.881; 95% CI 2.106-7.164; P<0.001) and also with higher levels of insulin resistance. The majority of the patients carrying the 1888A allele did not have clinical features of maternally inherited diabetes and deafness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present study indicates the association of the mitochondrial G1888A variant with Type 2 diabetes and insulin resistance in Caucasian-Brazilian patients from southern Brazil. However, further studies are required to confirm its effects on mitochondrial function and the role of these effects on the pathogenesis of Type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Genetics Department, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, and Endocrinology Division, Hospital de Clinicas de Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Crispim
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Canani
authors.forename: J L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Carlessi
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tschiedel
authors.forename: K E P
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Souto
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Roisenberg
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000483:Alleles; D044383:Black People / Q000235:genetics*; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000235:genetics*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics*; D044465:White People / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S