title: Osteochondral autograft transplantation for osteochondritis dissecans of the elbow in juvenile baseball players: minimum 2-year follow-up.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Osteochondral autografts have recently become popular to treat articular cartilage defects, and they are used for unstable osteochondritis dissecans lesions as a means of biological fixation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the clinical results of osteochondral autograft transfer for osteochondritis dissecans of the elbow.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series; Level of evidence, 4.
  
  
  METHODS
  Osteochondral autograft transfer was performed on 18 baseball players (mean age, 13.6 years) with osteochondritis dissecans of the elbow. These included 9 lesions that were grade 3 (separated but in situ) and 9 lesions that were grade 4 (displaced fragment with osteochondral defect) based on magnetic resonance imaging. All patients were evaluated with a scoring system, radiographs, and magnetic resonance imaging, with the mean follow-up at 3.5 years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients with grade 3 lesions, the subjective score was increased, but the objective score did not change. Six of 9 patients returned to their previous sports performance levels. One quit baseball because of academic reasons, 1 changed his position, and 1 changed to softball. In patients with grade 4 lesions, both subjective and objective scores were increased significantly. All but 1 patient returned to their previous sports performance levels. In the 3 grade 4 lesions with a wide osteochondral defect, the irregularity of the articular surface remained on magnetic resonance imaging.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Osteochondral autograft transplantation is a useful treatment for reattachment of the lesion as well as osteochondral resurfacing of elbow osteochondritis dissecans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562, Japan. yuji1112@aol.com
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishibashi
authors.forename: Eiichi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tsuda
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Toh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000601:surgery*; D001484:Baseball; D002358:Cartilage, Articular / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D004550:Elbow / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010007:Osteochondritis / Q000601:surgery*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013177:Sports; D014182:Transplantation, Autologous