title: C-reactive protein and alcohol consumption: Is there a U-shaped association? Results from a population-based study in Russia. The Arkhangelsk study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Little is known about association between markers of inflammation and alcohol consumption in Russian population where binge drinking pattern is prevalent.
  
  
  RESULTS
  C-reactive protein was measured by a highly sensitive particle-enhanced immunoturbidimetric assay (hsCRP) in 1963 men and 1734 women, aged 18-90 years, in a population-based cross-sectional study. Total alcohol consumption consisted mainly of binge vodka intake. A revealed U-shaped association between hsCRP and total alcohol intake was due to high hsCRP levels in ex-drinkers. Ex-drinkers of both sexes were older and reported more diseases than non-abstainers. This U-shaped association became non-significant in both sexes after adjustment for age, BMI, smoking status, diabetes mellitus and cardiovascular medication. When analysis was performed separately only for non-abstainers, hsCRP showed a positive linear association with total weekly alcohol consumption and with weekly vodka consumption in both sexes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The U-shaped association between hsCRP and weekly alcohol consumption was due to higher hsCRP levels in ex-drinkers than in non-abstainers. Factors other than the current level of alcohol consumption might be responsible for high hsCRP levels in ex-drinkers. When abstainers were excluded from analyses, the results indicated a pro-inflammatory effect of binge alcohol consumption in non-abstainers.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Community Medicine, Medical Faculty, University of Tromsø, N-9037 Tromsø, Norway. Maria.Averina@ism.uit.no
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Averina
authors.forename: Odd
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Nilssen
authors.forename: V L
authors.initials: VL
authors.lastname: Arkhipovsky
authors.forename: A G
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Kalinin
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brox
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009391:Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; D012426:Russia / Q000453:epidemiology; D012907:Smoking
chemical_list: D002097:C-Reactive Protein