Science, gender, and the emergence of depression in American psychiatry, 1952-1980.
Between the first (1952) and the third (1980) editions of psychiatry's Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, depression emerged as a specific disease category with concrete criteria. In this article, I analyze this change over time in psychiatric theory and diagnosis through an examination of medication trials and category formation. Throughout, I pay particular attention to the ways in which psychiatrists and researchers invoked science in their clinical trials and disease theories, as well as the ways in which gender played an important but largely unspoken role in the formation of a category of depression.
Hirshbein
Laura D
LD
University of Michigan Department of Psychiatry, 9C UH 9151, 1500 E. Medical Center Dr., Ann Arbor, MI 48109, USA. lauradh@umich.edu
D001294:Attitude to Health / Q000208:ethnology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic / Q000266:history*; D003469:Culture; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000266:history*; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D005260:Female; D005783:Gender Identity; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011570:Psychiatry / Q000266:history*; D012737:Sex Factors; D014481:United States