title: Phosphodiesterase 5 inhibition in chronic heart failure and pulmonary hypertension.
abstract: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is highly prevalent in patients with chronic heart failure (CHF) and is among the most distressing symptoms in this patient population. Although the safety and efficacy of phosphodiesterase 5 (PDE5) inhibitors in the management of ED have been evaluated in many cardiovascular disease populations, scant data are available in patients with CHF. In published studies, the short-term safety and efficacy of sildenafil in patients with stable mild-to-moderate CHF with ED appears to be comparable to that observed in other populations with cardiovascular disease. Evidence is not available on the effects of vardenafil or tadalafil in CHF. In addition to their benefits in the treatment of ED, preliminary studies suggest that PDE5 inhibitors enhance endothelial function in patients with CHF and have beneficial effects on pulmonary hemodynamics and exercise capacity in patients with pulmonary hypertension. Additional studies are needed to determine the therapeutic potential of this class of agents in these disease states.
authors.affiliation: Section of Cardiovascular Medicine, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06510, USA.
authors.forename: Milan D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: Stuart D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Katz
mesh_terms: D015106:3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases; D002908:Chronic Disease; D054706:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D006976:Hypertension, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D010727:Phosphoric Diester Hydrolases; D015106:3',5'-Cyclic-GMP Phosphodiesterases; D054706:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 5; C517381:PDE5A protein, human