title: 3-Hydrogenkwadaphnin from Dendrostellera lessertii induces differentiation and apoptosis in HL-60 cells.
abstract: 3-Hydrogenkwadaphnin (3-HK) is a new diterpene ester, recently isolated from the leaves of Dendrostellera lessertii with potent anti-tumoral and anti-metastatic activities. Herein, we report that 3-HK induces differentiation and apoptosis in HL-60 cells. The drug at 2.5 - 40 nM inhibited proliferation of HL-60 cells after 24 - 96 h of treatment. Cell viability was also decreased by 57 % after 96 h treatment with the drug. NBT reducing assay and phagocytic activity revealed that the inhibition of proliferation is associated with differentiation especially toward macrophages-like morphology. Indeed, the drug at 2.5 - 10 nM induced differentiation by 5 - 49 % in HL-60 cells. Acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EtBr) double staining and DNA fragmentation assays revealed that apoptosis occurred after differentiation of HL-60 cells. Guanosine at 50 microM decreased the apoptotic cell death and the differentiation caused by the drug. Therefore, GTP depletion, as a result of inhibition of inosine monophosphate dehydrogenase (IMPDH), is considered as one of the main reasons for differentiation and apoptotic cell death by this new drug.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran. yazdan@ibb.ut.ac.ir
authors.forename: Razieh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yazdanparast
authors.forename: Mohammad Amin
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Moosavi
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mahdavi
authors.forename: Mohammad Hasan
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Sanati
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007168:IMP Dehydrogenase / Q000378:metabolism; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D015394:Molecular Structure; D029645:Thymelaeaceae / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: C505417:3-hydrogenkwadaphnin; D004224:Diterpenes; D007168:IMP Dehydrogenase