title: Anomalies of asymmetry of pyramidal cell density and structure in dorsolateral prefrontal cortex in schizophrenia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Studies suggest that neuronal density in left dorsolateral prefrontal cortex is increased in schizophrenia.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To replicate these findings and extend them to both hemispheres.
  
  
  METHODS
  Neuronal density, size and shape were estimated in the prefrontal cortex (Brodmann area 9) of the left and right hemispheres of brains taken post-mortem from 10 people with schizophrenia and 10 without mental illness (6 men, 4 women in both groups).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall neuronal density (individually corrected for shrinkage) did not differ between the groups. In the control brains, density was generally greater in the left than the right hemisphere, the reverse was seen in the schizophrenia brains; this loss or reversal of asymmetry was most significant in cortical layer 3. Pyramidal neurons in this cell layer were significantly larger on the left and more spherical in shape than on the right side in control brains, but size and shape did not differ between the two sides in schizophrenia. Non-pyramidal and glial cell densities were unchanged.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We failed to find an increase in neuronal density, but found evidence at a cellular level of loss or reversal of asymmetry, consistent with the hypothesis of a primary change in the relative development of areas of heteromodal association cortex in the two hemispheres.
authors.affiliation: Prince of Wales International Centre for SANE Research, Warneford Hospital, Oxford OX3 7JX, UK.
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Cullen
authors.forename: Mary A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Walker
authors.forename: Sharon L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Eastwood
authors.forename: Margaret M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Esiri
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Harrison
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Crow
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001344:Autopsy; D002452:Cell Count; D048430:Cell Shape; D048429:Cell Size; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000473:pathology; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology; D017397:Prefrontal Cortex / Q000473:pathology*; D017966:Pyramidal Cells / Q000473:pathology*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000473:pathology*