title: Relationship between osteopenia, free testosterone, and vitamin D metabolite levels in HIV-infected patients with and without highly active antiretroviral therapy.
abstract: The prevalence of osteopenia in HIV-infected patients is high. However, the mechanisms implicated in bone mass loss in HIV infection are unclear. Because of this, we analyzed serum free testosterone and vitamin D3 hydroxylated metabolites in HIV-infected patients, with and without antiretroviral treatment, and the relation between them and osteopenia. Seventy-four HIV-infected patients were selected because they had frozen sera available at a date close to a DEXA evaluation. Free testosterone, 25(OH)D3, and 1,25(OH)2D3 were determined in frozen serum. There were no differences in free testosterone, 25(OH)D3, and 1,25(OH)2D3 levels between patients with and without osteopenia. 25(OH)D3 levels in naive and HAART-treated patients were 26.2 (10.3-32.8) and 33.1 (20.6-46.8) ng/ml, respectively (p = 0.04). 1,25(OH)2D3 levels in naive and HAART treated patients were 60.3 (49.2-80.8) and 85.5 (68-111.6) pmol/liter (p = 0.01). Free testosterone levels in 9 naive men and in 50 HAART-treated men were 42.6 (24.1-67.3) and 69.2 (47.5-112.1) pmol/liter, respectively (p = 0.04). In conclusion, HIV-infected patients with and without osteopenia showed similar levels of vitamin D metabolites and free testosterone. However, antiretroviral drug-naive patients showed lower serum levels of vitamin D metabolites and free testosterone than HAART-treated patients.
authors.affiliation: Unidad de Enfermedades Infecciosas, Servicio de Análisis Clínicos, Hospital Universitario de Valme, 41014-Seville, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ramayo
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: González-Moreno
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Macías
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cruz-Ruíz
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Mira
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Villar-Rueda
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: García-García
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Gómez-Mateos
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Lozano
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Pineda
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000209:etiology*; D002112:Calcifediol / Q000097:blood*; D002117:Calcitriol / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood*; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D014807:Vitamin D; D013739:Testosterone; D002117:Calcitriol; D002112:Calcifediol