title: Selection of patients with gastric adenocarcinoma for laparoscopic staging.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To refine selection criteria for laparoscopic staging of gastric adenocarcinoma, preoperatively available clinical and radiologic factors that may predict the risk of M1 disease were investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  During 1993-2002, laparoscopy was performed if patients had minimal symptoms and there was no definite M1 disease at computed tomography (CT) scanning. High-quality, spiral, CT scans were reviewed in detail for 65 recent patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Laparoscopy was conducted for 657 patients and M1 was detected in 31%. M1 was significantly more prevalent with tumor location at the gastroesophageal junction (GEJ; M1 in 42%) or whole stomach (66%), poor differentiation (36%) or age < or = 70 years (34%). On spiral CT scan, lymphadenopathy > or = 1 cm (49%) or T3/T4 tumors (63%) were associated with significantly higher prevalence of M1. On multivariate analyses, only tumor location (GEJ or whole stomach) and lymphadenopathy were independently significant and M1 was not detected in any patient with neither risk factor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  With spiral CT staging, laparoscopy may be avoided if the primary tumor is not at the GEJ or whole stomach and there is no lymphadenopathy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, 1275 York Ave., New York, NY 10021, USA.
authors.forename: Abeezar I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Sarela
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lefkowitz
authors.forename: Murray F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Brennan
authors.forename: Martin S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Karpeh
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018579:Patient Selection; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed