title: A survey of local anaesthetic use among general dental practitioners in the UK attending postgraduate courses on pain control.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to identify which local anaesthetic solutions were used by general dental practitioners in the United Kingdom and to determine selection criteria. In addition, differences in anaesthetic choice between recent graduates (< or = 5 years) and more experienced practitioners were investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five hundred and six general dental practitioners attending postgraduate courses on pain control in dentistry completed a questionnaire. Participants were asked to indicate year and place of qualification, anaesthetic solutions available in their surgeries and criteria used in the choice of anaesthetic. In addition, the respondents were asked to indicate choice of local anaesthetic in a number of common medical conditions. Questionnaires were distributed and collected immediately prior to the start of the course presentation and participants were not asked to indicate whether the selection decisions were teaching, experience or evidence based. Data were analysed by using the Chi-square test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lidocaine with epinephrine was the most widely available solution among this group of practitioners (94%), the second most common solution was prilocaine with felypressin (74%). The majority of practitioners had two or more solutions available. Practitioners who qualified within the last five years (14%) were more likely to have articaine available, the most recently introduced local anaesthetic into the UK (p = 0.04, one degree of freedom). Common medical conditions lead to a modification in anaesthetic selection: the use of prilocaine/felypressin increases in the majority of circumstances, although it is avoided in pregnant females by recent graduates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lidocaine/epinephrine continues to be the most common anaesthetic solution used by this group of UK general practitioners. The primary criterion for selection of an anaesthetic agent was perceived efficacy. Prilocaine/felypressin is commonly selected as an alternative solution in the presence of common medical conditions.
authors.affiliation: University of Newcastle upon Tyne, Framlington Place, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4BW. i.p.corbett@ncl.ac.uk
authors.forename: I P
authors.initials: IP
authors.lastname: Corbett
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Ramacciato
authors.forename: F C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Groppo
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Meechan
mesh_terms: D000766:Anesthesia, Dental / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000779:Anesthetics, Local / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D005792:General Practice, Dental / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011318:Prilocaine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D000779:Anesthetics, Local; D011318:Prilocaine; D008012:Lidocaine