title: Twenty-six-year results after Broström procedure for chronic lateral ankle instability.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The procedure described by Broström has been used to address chronic lateral ankle instability; the long-term results of this procedure have not been reported.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The Broström procedure provides good results over the long term for active patients with chronic lateral ankle instability.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series; Level of evidence, 4.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-one male patients (32 ankles) who underwent the Broström procedure for chronic lateral ankle instability while enrolled as students at the United States Naval Academy were identified. Each patient was mailed a questionnaire that included a functional outcome measure as described by Roos et al, a score described by Good et al, and a single-number ankle functional assessment. The mean age was 20.7 years (range, 18-23 years) at the time of operation. A functional outcome score was completed on each patient, with a mean follow-up of 26.3 years (range, 24.6-27.9 years).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The follow-up included 22 of the 31 original patients. The mean numeric score for overall ankle function was 91.2 of 100 (standard deviation, 10.2). The foot and ankle outcome score (described by Roos et al) was 92.0 (92%; standard deviation, 12.8) averaged over 5 functional areas. Ninety-one percent of the patients described their ankle function as good or excellent using the scale devised by Good et al.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The long-term results of the Broström procedure for chronic lateral ankle instability are excellent with 26-year follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Investigation Department, Suite 5, 34800 Bob Wilson Drive, San Diego, CA 92134-1005, USA. sjbell@rota.med.navy.mil
authors.forename: S Josh
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: Timothy S
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Mologne
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Sitler
authors.forename: Jay S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Cox
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000843:Ankle Joint / Q000601:surgery*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000601:surgery*; D017844:Lateral Ligament, Ankle / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D016896:Treatment Outcome