title: Fruit and vegetable intakes and asthma in the E3N study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  A study was undertaken to investigate whether dietary intake predicted the prevalence of adult asthma among French women participating in the E3N study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Of 68 535 women who completed a food frequency questionnaire in 1993 which included 238 food items, 2145 (3.1%) reported having asthma. The distribution of food intake was divided into quartiles (Q(1)-Q(4)) and the prevalence of asthma was compared between the different quartiles (lowest as reference) using logistic regression models on cross sectional data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After adjusting for age, body mass index, menopausal status, smoking status, total caloric intake, physical activity, and use of dietary supplements, women who had a greater intake of tomatoes (OR(Q1-Q4) 0.85 95% CI 0.75 to 0.96, test for trend p = 0.02), carrots (OR(Q1-Q4) 0.81 95% CI 0.72 to 0.92, test for trend p = 0.0003), and leafy vegetables (OR(Q1-Q4) 0.82 95% CI 0.73 to 0.93, test for trend p = 0.0009) had a lower prevalence of asthma. Apples were marginally related to the prevalence of asthma. No other fruits or vegetables were significantly associated with asthma prevalence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the intake of some vegetables may decrease the prevalence of adult asthma.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Nacional de Salud Pública, Col Santa Maria Ahuacatitlan, 62508 Cuernavaca, Morelos, México. iromieu@correo.insp.mx
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Romieu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Varraso
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Avenel
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Leynaert
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kauffmann
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Clavel-Chapelon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001249:Asthma / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D004032:Diet; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D005638:Fruit; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015995:Prevalence; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014675:Vegetables