title: Specific haplotypes of the CALPAIN-5 gene are associated with polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a common endocrine disorder in women of reproductive age. The aim of the present study was to investigate the role of CALPAIN-5 (CAPN5) gene in PCOS susceptibility.
  
  
  METHODS
  We analysed four intronic polymorphisms of the CAPN5 gene in 148 well-characterized women with PCOS and 606 unrelated controls. We performed a case-control study and an intracohort analysis of clinical characteristics associated with PCOS.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Analysis of haplotypes distribution between PCOS population compared to controls showed a strong deviation (P = 0.00029). The haplotypes GGCA and GGTG were overrepresented in PCOS patients (P = 0.009 and P = 0.001, respectively). In addition, we identified several CAPN5 haplotypes associated with phenotypic differences observed between PCOS patients, such as the presence of obesity (P = 0.02), cardiovascular complications (P = 0.02), familial antecedents of obesity (P = 0.003) and of hypertension (P = 0.007) and type 2 diabetes mellitus aggregation (P = 0.04).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest a role of CAPN5 gene in PCOS susceptibility in humans. Moreover, novel candidate risk alleles have been identified, within CAPN5 gene, which could be associated with important phenotypic and prognosis differences observed in PCOS patients.
authors.affiliation: Centro Avanzado de Fertilidad (CAF), Unidad de Reproducción y Genética Humana, Instituto Médico Serman, Hospital Virgen de las Montañas, Cádiz, Spain.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Sáez
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Aragón
authors.forename: J J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Galán
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vettori
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Molina
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rubio
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Real
authors.forename: Agustín
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ruiz
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ramírez-Lorca
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D002154:Calpain / Q000235:genetics*; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications; D010641:Phenotype; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D002154:Calpain; C494426:Capn5 protein, human