title: Marginal adaptation of different types of all-ceramic partial coverage restorations after exposure to an artificial mouth.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the influence of the preparation design and the dimensions of all-ceramic partial coverage restorations (PCR) on the marginal accuracy before and after masticatory simulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this in vitro study 80 extracted human maxillary molars were restored with MOD inlay restorations and four different modified PCR restorations using a new press ceramic IPS e.max Press (IPS e.max Press VP 1989). The teeth were divided into five groups of 16 specimens each and prepared as follows: Group A received an MOD inlay preparation and Group B, C, D and E received modified PCR. The restorations were adhesively luted and exposed to a mastication simulator. The discrepancies of the marginal fit were examined on epoxy replicas before and after luting as well as after masticatory simulation at 200x magnification.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean (geometrical) [95% confidence limits] marginal gap decreased from Group A to E before cementation (A-83[77-90]microm, B-68[65-70]microm, C-59[55-64]microm, D-56[52-61]microm, E-50[45-55]microm). Group A had significantly higher marginal gap values than group B (p = 0.017) and the other groups (p<0.0001). After cementation the marginal accuracy was recorded as following: A-103[93-114]microm, B-101[94-108]microm, C-93[89-98]microm, D-102[98-105]microm and E-99[96-102]microm. Cementation increased the marginal gap in groups B-E significantly (p<0.00001), not significantly in group A (p = 0.059). Artificial ageing (A-116[106-127]microm, B-114[109-120]microm, C-106[103-110]microm, D-109[100-118]microm and E-109[105-112]microm) led to further significant decrease of marginal accuracy in Group B (p = 0.029) and C (p = 0.026) only. After cementation and masticatory simulation of the ceramic restorations, the marginal gap values of Groups A, B, C, D and E did not significantly differ from each other (p = 1.00).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The result of this in vitro study showed that IPS e.max Press can be used to fabricate all-ceramic inlays and PCR which meet the requirements in terms of a clinically acceptable marginal gap, irrespective of the preparation design used. However, the preparation design and dimensions of the restorations appeared to affect the initial marginal fit and flowing off of luting material during the cementation process. The factors responsible for these findings require further substantiation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Prosthodontics, Albert-Ludwigs University, Freiburg, Germany. christian.stappert@nyu.edu
authors.forename: C F J
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Stappert
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Denner
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gerds
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Strub
mesh_terms: D000538:Aluminum Silicates / Q000737:chemistry*; D018772:Dental Marginal Adaptation / Q000592:standards*; D003776:Dental Porcelain / Q000737:chemistry*; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D006801:Humans; D007284:Inlays / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards*; D008409:Mastication
chemical_list: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; C075815:IPS-Empress ceramic; D003776:Dental Porcelain