title: Laparoscopic resection of type 1 choledochal cysts in pediatric patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Choledochal cyst resection and hepaticojejunostomy have historically been performed using an open technique. We describe here the largest single experience with this procedure using laparoscopic techniques in eight consecutive pediatric patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  There were six girls and two boys, of ages ranging from 3 months to 13 years. All had type I choledochal cysts. Three were asymptomatic, having been noted on prenatal ultrasonography. Five ports were utilized: one 5-mm telescope port at the umbilicus, two 3-mm operating ports on both sides of the umbilicus, one 5-mm left subcostal port for liver retraction, and one LLQ 5-mm assistant port.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median operating time was 155 min (range 110-250 min), with one conversion to an open procedure due to a high transection of the cyst leading to partial retraction of the left hepatic duct into the liver substance. Mean hospital stay was 3 days. At a mean follow-up of 18.8 months, all patients were anicteric and asymptomatic.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic resection of choledochal cysts can be performed safely in pediatric patients with minimal morbidity and good long-term results.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Division of Pediatric Surgery, Stanford University Medical Center, Lucile Packard Children's Hospital, Stanford, CA 94305, USA.
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Le
authors.forename: R K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sylvester
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Krummel
authors.forename: C T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Albanese
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015529:Choledochal Cyst / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007582:Jejunostomy / Q000379:methods; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome