title: Predictive value of ventricular arrhythmia inducibility for subsequent ventricular tachycardia or ventricular fibrillation in Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial (MADIT) II patients.
abstract: In the Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial (MADIT) II, implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD)-randomized patients underwent electrophysiologic testing. Both inducible and noninducible patients received an ICD. We correlated inducibility with the occurrence of subsequent ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF). Intracardiac ICD electrograms for subsequent events were analyzed to categorize the spontaneous arrhythmia as VT or VF. The two-year Kaplan-Meier event rate for VT in inducible patients was 29.0% versus 19.3% in noninducible patients. However, ICD therapy for spontaneous VF was less common at two years in inducible patients (3.2%) than in noninducible patients (8.6%). In the MADIT II study, inducibility predicted an increased likelihood of VT but decreased VF.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We correlated electrophysiologic inducibility with spontaneous ventricular tachycardia (VT) or ventricular fibrillation (VF) in the Multicenter Automatic Defibrillator Implantation Trial (MADIT) II.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  In the MADIT II study, 593 (82%) of 720 implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) randomized patients underwent electrophysiologic testing. Patients received an ICD whether they were inducible or not.
  
  
  METHODS
  A "standard" inducibility definition included sustained monomorphic or polymorphic VT induced with three or fewer extrastimuli or VF induced with two or fewer extrastimuli. We compared a narrow inducibility definition (only monomorphic VT) and a broad definition (standard definition plus VF with three extrastimuli). We used ICD-stored electrograms to categorize spontaneous VT or VF.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Inducible patients (standard definition) had a greater likelihood of experiencing ICD therapy for VT than noninducible patients (p = 0.023). Unexpectedly, ICD therapy for spontaneous VF was less common (p = 0.021) in inducible patients than in noninducible patients. The two-year Kaplan-Meier event rate for VT or VF was 29.4% for inducible patients and 25.5% for noninducible patients. Standard inducibility did not predict the combined end point of VT or VF (p = 0.280, by log-rank analysis). The narrow inducibility definition outperformed the standard definition, whereas the broad definition appeared inferior to the standard definition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In the MADIT II study patients, inducibility was associated with an increased likelihood of VT. Noninducible MADIT II study subjects using this electrophysiologic protocol had a considerable VT event rate and a higher VF event rate than inducible patients. Induction of polymorphic VT or VF, even with double extrastimuli, appears less relevant than induction of monomorphic VT.
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Unit, Department of Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, New York 14642, USA. James_Daubert@URMC.Rochester.edu
authors.forename: James P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Daubert
authors.forename: Wojciech
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zareba
authors.forename: W Jackson
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schuger
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Corsello
authors.forename: Angel R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Leon
authors.forename: Mark L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Andrews
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: McNitt
authors.forename: David T
authors.initials: DT
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Arthur J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Moss
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D022062:Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D017180:Tachycardia, Ventricular / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy