title: Small increases in extravascular lung water are accurately detected by transpulmonary thermodilution.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Detection of small (10-20%) increases in lung water may be relevant to detect incipient pulmonary edema but no clinically usable method has demonstrated this capability to date.
  
  
  METHODS
  In six pigs weighing 28 to 35 kg, we performed 18 determinations of extravascular lung water (EVLW; transpulmonary thermodilution method) before and immediately after the intratracheal introduction of 50 mL of saline solution. Six determinations were performed in normal lung and 12 in edematous lung.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In normal lung, the mean of EVLW increased from 245 +/- 18 mL to 288 +/- 19 mL (p < 0.001) after the intratracheal introduction of 50 mL of saline solution; therefore, 43 of the 50 mL (84%) were detected (range, 37-48 mL). In edematous lung, the EVLW increased from 491 +/- 106 mL to 530 +/- 108 mL after the introduction of 50 mL of saline solution; therefore, 39 of the 50 mL (77%) were detected (range, 15-67 mL).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The transpulmonary thermodilution technique accurately detects small increases in extravascular lung water and may permit accurate diagnosis of incipient pulmonary edema.
authors.affiliation: Hospital Universitario Virgen de las Nieves, Granada, Spain. enrique.fernandez.mondejar.sspa@juntadeandalucia.es
authors.forename: Enrique
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fernández-Mondéjar
authors.forename: Ricardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rivera-Fernández
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: García-Delgado
authors.forename: Angel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Touma
authors.forename: Juán
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Machado
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chavero
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018893:Bronchoalveolar Lavage; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D015633:Extravascular Lung Water / Q000502:physiology*; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000175:diagnosis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D013552:Swine; D013815:Thermodilution / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D012965:Sodium Chloride