title: [Characteristic of medical support and health care for Shenzhou-5 and Shenzhou-6 astronauts at main landing site].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the characteristics of medical support and health care for the Shenzhou-5 and Shenzhou-6 astronauts at the main landing site, with special emphasis on the technical requirements for two astronauts during flight, in order to provide reference data for medical support in the battle field and disasters.
  
  
  METHODS
  The data associated with accidental injuries of astronauts during the space flight collected from foreign nations and domestically were reviewed retrospectively. Based on the experience in medical support for Shenzhou-5 and Shenzhou-6 astronauts and the special environments of field operations, a scheme for first-aid and emergent treatment were drafted for a system of organization, prophylactic measurements, equipment and their effective implementation pending the test in the real situation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two sets of high-quality intensive care unit (ICU) equipment were set up in helicopters, and an ambulance was equipped with the instruments and facilities that could be used in the first-aid and surgical operation in case accident and injuries should happen. The three sets of highly mobile ICU mentioned above could cover a vast area of both grassland and desert at the landing site to ensure that the astronauts could be rescued should accident occur, reaction to emergency would be most rapid and technique and equipment would be best. This scheme of first-aid for emergency which might occur in astronauts would seem to be a scientific, reasonable and practical system and would also meet the need in battle field.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The first-aid scheme for astronauts at the main landing site, and its equipment, first aid strategies as well as it execution might provide an advanced system for medical aid and emergency treatment in the battlefield, disasters, and other special occasions.
authors.affiliation: 306 th Hospital of PLA, Beijing 100101, China.
authors.forename: Mao-xing
authors.initials: MX
authors.lastname: Yue
authors.forename: De-wei
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Zou
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Zhi-guo
authors.initials: ZG
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xue-feng
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Tie-shan
authors.initials: TS
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Cheng-lin
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hua
authors.forename: Shao-jie
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Wei-wu
authors.initials: WW
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Jian-zhong
authors.initials: JZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000337:Aerospace Medicine; D018480:Astronauts; D002681:China; D004632:Emergency Medical Services; D006801:Humans; D012189:Retrospective Studies