Residues of azoxystrobin from grapes to raisins.
Azoxystrobin, a fungicide of the strobilurin group, has an European Union maximum residue level (MRL) of 2 mg/kg for grapes. This work aimed to assess residues on fresh and washed grapes and on raisins following processing with (i) alkali treatment and sun drying and (ii) sun drying only. QUADRIS 25% SC was applied according to good agricultural practice for two consecutive years on a typical cv. Thomson seedless and a seed-producing clone. Samples were collected 0, 15, and 21 days postapplication and analyzed using gas chromatography/electron capture detection; recoveries were 86 +/- 12% for grapes and 99 +/- 15% for raisins. Residues on grapes were 0.49-1.84 mg/kg, and washing removed 75% of the residue. Residues in raisins produced from seedless grapes were 0.51-1.49 (treatment 1) and 1.42-2.08 mg/kg (treatment 2), with residue transfer factors sometimes >1, even following alkali treatment, which reduced residues considerably. To avoid trade problems, a higher MRL for raisins is necessary.
Lentza-Rizos
Chaido
C
National Agricultural Research Foundation, 1 Sophocli Venizelou Street, 141 23 Lykovrissi, Greece.
Avramides
Elizabeth J
EJ
Kokkinaki
Kalliopi
K
D003890:Desiccation / Q000379:methods; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry*; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000032:analysis*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000032:analysis*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000032:analysis*; D000073739:Strobilurins; D013472:Sunlight; D027843:Vitis / Q000737:chemistry*
D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D008689:Methacrylates; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D011743:Pyrimidines; D000073739:Strobilurins; C087670:azoxystrobin