title: Purification and unique properties of mammary epithelial stem cells.
abstract: Elucidation of the cellular and molecular mechanisms that maintain mammary epithelial tissue integrity is of broad interest and paramount to the design of more effective treatments for breast cancer. Evidence from both in vitro and in vivo experiments suggests that mammary cell differentiation is a hierarchical process originating in an uncommitted stem cell with self-renewal potential. However, analysis of the properties and regulation of mammary stem cells has been limited by a lack of methods for their prospective isolation. Here we report the use of multi-parameter cell sorting and limiting dilution transplant analysis to demonstrate the purification of a rare subset of adult mouse mammary cells that are able individually to regenerate an entire mammary gland within 6 weeks in vivo while simultaneously executing up to ten symmetrical self-renewal divisions. These mammary stem cells are phenotypically distinct from and give rise to mammary epithelial progenitor cells that produce adherent colonies in vitro. The mammary stem cells are also a rapidly cycling population in the normal adult and have molecular features indicative of a basal position in the mammary epithelium.
authors.affiliation: Terry Fox Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver V5Z 1L3, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stingl
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Eirew
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ricketson
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shackleton
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Vaillant
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Haiyan I
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Connie J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Eaves
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology / Q000637:transplantation; D000818:Animals; D020296:Animals, Congenic; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000378:metabolism; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D005260:Female; D008321:Mammary Glands, Animal / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000166:cytology* / Q000254:growth & development; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010641:Phenotype; D012746:Sexual Abstinence; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents