title: Validation of UV spectrophotometric and nonaqueous titration methods for the determination of carvedilol in pharmaceutical formulations.
abstract: Ultraviolet (UV) spectrophotometric and nonaqueous volumetric methods are described for the determination of carvedilol in pharmaceutical formulations. Linearity, precision, and accuracy were evaluated according to the validation guidelines of the International Conference on Harmonization and the United States Pharmacopeia for both methods. The UV spectrophotometric procedure was performed in ethanol at 244 nm. Good linearity was obtained between 2 and 7 microg/mL with a correlation coefficient of 0.9999. The intra- and interday precision values were <2% for all samples analyzed. The accuracy, determined from recovery studies, was between 97.5 and 102.2%. The other procedure was based on the volumetric quantitation of carvedilol in a nonaqueous medium with 0.01 M perchloric acid and 1% violet crystal as the indicator. The validation of the volumetric method yielded good results that included linearity (r of > 0.999), precision (relative standard deviations of <2% for intra- and interday precision), and accuracy (96.4-102.4%). The methods were applied to tablets and compounded capsules. Statistical analysis by analysis of variance showed no significant difference between the results obtained by the proposed methods.
authors.affiliation: Universidade Federal de Santa Maria, Departamento de Farmácia Industrial, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil, CEP 97105-900.
authors.forename: Carine Viana Silva
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Ieggli
authors.forename: Simone Gonçalves
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Cardoso
authors.forename: Luziane Potrich
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Belle
mesh_terms: D002214:Capsules / Q000032:analysis; D002227:Carbazoles / Q000032:analysis*; D000077261:Carvedilol; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000592:standards; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations / Q000032:analysis*; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000032:analysis*; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D013607:Tablets / Q000032:analysis; D017186:Titrimetry / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002214:Capsules; D002227:Carbazoles; D004364:Pharmaceutical Preparations; D011412:Propanolamines; D013607:Tablets; D000077261:Carvedilol