title: Mutational analysis of the PINK1 gene in early-onset parkinsonism in Europe and North Africa.
abstract: Parkinson's disease is a frequent disorder caused primarily by the loss of dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra. Mutations in the PTEN-induced kinase (PINK1) gene, in addition to those in parkin and DJ-1, have been found in families with recessive early-onset Parkinson's disease. We screened for parkin and PINK1 mutations in a panel of 177 autosomal recessive Parkinson's disease families with ages at onset < or =60 years, mostly from Europe. In 7 unrelated families, we identified 10 pathogenic PINK1 mutations (5 missense, 2 nonsense and 3 frameshift deletion mutations), 8 of which were novel. All the mutations were in the homozygous or compound heterozygous states. Interestingly, pseudo-dominant inheritance was observed in a family with two different mutations. The clinical characteristics of 12 PINK1 patients and 114 parkin patients were similar, even for signs such as dystonia at onset and increased reflexes, which were thought to be specific to parkin. In contrast, onset in patients with PINK1 mutations was earlier and increased reflexes were found more frequently than in patients without PINK1 or parkin mutations. These results suggest that PINK1 is the second most frequent causative gene in early-onset Parkinson's disease with a slowly progressive phenotype, indistinguishable from early-onset patients with parkin mutations.
authors.affiliation: INSERM U679, Neurologie et Thérapeutique Expérimentale, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ibáñez
authors.forename: Suzanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lesage
authors.forename: Ebba
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lohmann
authors.forename: Stéphane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thobois
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: De Michele
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borg
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Agid
authors.forename: Alexandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dürr
authors.forename: Alexis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brice
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D020734:Parkinsonian Disorders / Q000235:genetics*; D010375:Pedigree; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000235:genetics; D000099202:PTEN-Induced Putative Kinase
chemical_list: D011494:Protein Kinases; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D000099202:PTEN-Induced Putative Kinase; C111567:parkin protein