title: Synergistic antiinflammatory effects of pinitol and glucosamine in rats.
abstract: This study evaluated the antiinflammatory activities of pinitol and glucosamine either alone or in combination against carrageenan- and cotton pellet-induced acute and subacute inflammation in rats. Five groups were included in each of the acute and subacute inflammation studies: the vehicle control group, positive control group (aminopyrine 100 mg/kg), pinitol group (20 mg/kg), glucosamine group (25 mg/kg) and a pinitol (20 mg/kg) and glucosamine (25 mg/kg) combination group. When 20 mg/kg of pinitol was administered to the rats, paw edema induced by the carrageenan injection was significantly suppressed and the level of granuloma formation induced by the cotton pellet implantation was slightly reduced. When 25 mg/kg of glucosamine was administered, paw edema caused by the acute inflammation was slightly reduced and the level of granuloma formation caused by the subacute inflammation was strongly suppressed. Although the combined application of pinitol and glucosamine did not have an additional antiinflammatory effect on the paw edema caused by acute inflammation, it did have an increased antiinflammatory effect on the formation of granuloma induced by subacute inflammation. Therefore, pinitol and glucosamine have an antiinflammatory effect on acute and subacute conditions. Moreover, a synergistic antiinflammatory effect against subacute inflammation was observed when the two chemicals were administered in combination.
authors.affiliation: College of Veterinary Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 500-757, South Korea. toxkim@chonnam.ac.kr
authors.forename: Jong Choon
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jin Young
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Dong Ho
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Sung Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Soo Hyun
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Ro Dong
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Seung Chun
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yun Bae
authors.initials: YB
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yong Chul
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002351:Carrageenan; D004357:Drug Synergism; D004487:Edema / Q000188:drug therapy*; D005944:Glucosamine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015745:Granuloma, Foreign-Body / Q000188:drug therapy*; D007294:Inositol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; C021730:pinitol; D007294:Inositol; D002351:Carrageenan; D005944:Glucosamine