title: Influence of Cry1Ac toxin on mineralization and bioavailability of glyphosate in soil.
abstract: The impact of transgenic plants containing Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt) toxin on soil processes has received recent attention. In these studies, we examined the influence of the lepidopterean Bt Cry1Ac toxin on mineralization and bioavailability of the herbicide glyphosate in two different soils. The addition of 0.25-1.0 microg g(-1) soil of purified Cry1Ac toxin did not significantly affect glyphosate mineralization and sorption in either a sandy loam or a sandy soil. In contrast, extractable glyphosate decreased over the 28 day incubation period in both soils. Our findings suggest that the reduction in the bioavailability of glyphosate was not influenced by the presence of Cry1Ac toxin but rather the results of aging or sorption processes. Results from this investigation suggest that the presence of moderate concentrations of Bt-derived Cry1Ac toxin would have no appreciable impact on processes controlling the fate of glyphosate in soils.
authors.affiliation: Department of Agro-Environmental Science and Technology, University of Bologna, Viale Fanin 44, 40127 Bologna, Italy. accinel@agrsci.unibo.it
authors.forename: Cesare
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Accinelli
authors.forename: William C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Koskinen
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Sadowsky
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001427:Bacterial Toxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004731:Endotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005998:Glycine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D008903:Minerals / Q000032:analysis*; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis*; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D000097797:Glyphosate
chemical_list: D000083722:Bacillus thuringiensis Toxins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D001427:Bacterial Toxins; D004731:Endotoxins; D005998:Glycine; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D008903:Minerals; D012987:Soil; D000097797:Glyphosate; C030956:insecticidal crystal protein, Bacillus Thuringiensis