title: Effectiveness of case management for community elderly with hypertension, diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia in Taiwan: a record review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify the effectiveness of case management for community elderly with hypertension (HT), diabetes mellitus, and hypercholesterolemia (HC) (the so-called three highs).
  
  
  METHODS
  Secondary data of the first and 3-month-after visiting records were extracted from 33 Public Health Centers in Taiwan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven hundred and sixty-six clients were selected who were at least 65 years old and had been diagnosed twice on the Case Management Record with at least one of the three highs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  This sample had a mean age of 72.6 years, 59.7% were female. Approximately 74% of the clients had HT, 55% had diabetes, and 15% had HC. Each elderly revealed 1.4 highs of the three highs. The elderly with HT, and diabetes, their blood pressures (BP) and blood sugars significantly decreased after being managed by public health nurses. Males and the elderly living in urban areas had more decrease in systolic BP. Females had more decrease in fasting blood sugar.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study found that the case management of the three highs presented effectiveness on reducing the values of the three highs of the elderly in community.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Services Policy and Management, School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, USA. kueiyun123@yahoo.com.tw
authors.forename: Kuei-Yun
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Pi-Li
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Li-Chi
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Tzeng
authors.forename: Kuo-Yi
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Liang-Chih
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Chang
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D019090:Case Management / Q000458:organization & administration*; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003151:Community Health Centers; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000451:nursing*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000458:organization & administration; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000451:nursing*; D006973:Hypertension / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000451:nursing*; D008297:Male; D024802:Nurse's Role; D009731:Nursing Audit; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D015397:Program Evaluation; D011637:Public Health Nursing / Q000458:organization & administration*; D013624:Taiwan
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D002784:Cholesterol