title: Gingival tissue and crevicular fluid co-operation in adult periodontitis.
abstract: Activated matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) can contribute to periodontal ligament destruction in adult periodontitis. Since MMP-3 has been reported to activate proMMP-8 and -9, it was speculated that gingival tissue fibroblast-derived MMP-3 might, in periodontitis, be responsible for activation of gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) neutrophil-derived proMMP-8 and -9. Immunohistochemistry disclosed MMP-3 in gingival fibroblasts in periodontitis. Cultured gingival fibroblasts released only pro-MMP-3 when stimulated with tumor necrosis factor-alpha. However, Western blot revealed partially activated MMP-3, MMP-8, and MMP-9 in periodontitis GCF. Active MMP-8 (p < 0.05) and MMP-9 (p < 0.05) correlated with the presence of active MMP-3. It seems that resident gingival fibroblasts produce pro-MMP-3 in GCF, where it becomes activated, probably by cathepsin G or elastase released by neutrophils. Active MMP-3 then activates neutrophil-derived pro-MMP-8 and -9. Different tissue compartments/cells exert co-operative actions in mutual local MMP activation cascades.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine/Invärtes medicin, Helsinki University Hospital, Biomedicum Helsinki, FIN-00029 HUS, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beklen
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tüter
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sorsa
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hanemaaijer
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Virtanen
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tervahartiala
authors.forename: Y T
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Konttinen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D017364:Collagenases / Q000032:analysis; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D004792:Enzyme Precursors / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000201:enzymology; D018093:Gelatinases / Q000032:analysis; D005881:Gingiva / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000201:enzymology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000032:analysis; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8 / Q000032:analysis; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000032:analysis; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases / Q000032:analysis; D008875:Middle Aged; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D004792:Enzyme Precursors; D017364:Collagenases; D018093:Gelatinases; D008666:Metalloendopeptidases; C022440:procollagenase; C069860:progelatinase; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3; D020784:Matrix Metalloproteinase 8; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9