title: New vaccines against enteric bacteria for children in less developed countries.
abstract: Diarrheal diseases represent a major threat to infant survival in less developed countries. A real opportunity now exists to help alleviate this problem through the development of safe and effective multicomponent whole-bacterial cell vaccine(s) against enterotoxigenic Escherichia coli and Shigella, two important pathogens for which no licensed vaccine exists. What is preventing realization of this achievement is a lack of focus on the unique needs of children in less developed countries, along with committed and sufficient funding directed toward this goal. Live-attenuated and inactivated whole-cell vaccine candidates, some of which have languished too long, are available for testing, which, if performed in a coordinated fashion, can answer key unresolved issues concerning mucosal vaccination against enteric diseases. These candidate vaccines potentially provide a relatively simple intervention which could, if implemented, reduce the impact of these diseases upon the life and productivity of children.
authors.affiliation: Division of Bacterial, Parasitic and Allergenic Products, US Food and Drug Administration, 1401 Rockville Pike (HFM-425), Rockville, MD20651-1448, USA. walkerri@cber.fda.gov
authors.forename: Richard I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Walker
mesh_terms: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003906:Developing Countries; D015195:Drug Design; D004755:Enterobacteriaceae / Q000276:immunology; D004756:Enterobacteriaceae Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D017589:Immunization Programs; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D012760:Shigella / Q000276:immunology*; D014611:Vaccination; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated
chemical_list: D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D014613:Vaccines, Attenuated; D015164:Vaccines, Inactivated