title: Provision for major obstetric haemorrhage: an Australian and New Zealand survey and review.
abstract: Obstetric haemorrhage is a leading cause of maternal death and the most common contributor to serious obstetric morbidity. Maternal mortality audit data suggest that appropriate preparation and good emergency management leads to improved outcome. The aim of this study was to assess facilities relevant to major obstetric haemorrhage management in all units in Australia and New Zealand that offer operative obstetric services. The questionnaire was divided into ten sections: demographics, facilities, staffing, policies and guidelines, drugs, procedures, equipment, point of care testing, availability of O negative blood and free comments. Responses were received from 240 (76.4%) of the 314 hospitals surveyed (187 public and 53 private). One hundred and nine units (45%) had fewer than 500 deliveries per year Distances to referral facilities were frequently very large. Of the 90 hospitals (38.1%) without an onsite blood bank, 12 did not have a supply of blood for emergencies. Half of all units (n=121) had on-site intensive care or high dependency facilities and 72.9% (n=175) had an on-site cardiac arrest team. Only 58.8% of units (n=141) had a written haemorrhage protocol. Findings are presented in the context of other literature, including evidence-based guidelines. Haemorrhage responds well to appropriate treatment, although careful preparation and anticipation of problems is required. In our region geographical factors and different systems of healthcare complicate provision of obstetric services. Where facilities are limited, women should be offered antenatal transfer to a larger centre.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Wellington Hospital, Wellington, New Zealand.
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Fowler
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia / Q000592:standards* / Q000639:trends; D001315:Australia; D003422:Critical Care / Q000592:standards / Q000639:trends; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D008427:Maternal Health Services / Q000458:organization & administration; D008428:Maternal Mortality / Q000639:trends*; D009520:New Zealand; D009774:Obstetrics / Q000592:standards* / Q000639:trends; D006473:Postpartum Hemorrhage / Q000401:mortality* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011322:Primary Prevention / Q000458:organization & administration*; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires