title: Real-time three-dimensional ultrasound visualization of erection and artificial coitus.
abstract: To investigate the feasibility of imaging penile erection and coitus in real time and in three dimensions, a 'Live' three-dimensional (3-D) ultrasound system was used to acquire the volume of interest at 25 Hz from five healthy men. Water baths and gel-made artificial vaginas were devised to facilitate the 3-D scans without the probe being in direct contact with the penis. For the first volunteer scanned with the water bath alone, the penis failed to erect within 30 min. For the other four volunteers, the 'vagina' successfully initiated and maintained the erection and allowed artificial intercourse. Results have shown that the 'Live' 3-D ultrasound and minimally compressive imaging techniques together can offer an objective means for visualizing erection and coitus in spatial totality and temporal reality. They can be further developed to reveal more reliable details about the dynamic morphology, improving scientific understanding of sexual activities and clinical management of related problems.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Physics and Bioengineering, University College London, London, UK. jdeng@medphys.ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Margaret A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hall-Craggs
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pellerin
authors.forename: Alfred D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Linney
authors.forename: William R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Lees
authors.forename: Charles H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Rodeck
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Todd-Pokropek
mesh_terms: D003075:Coitus / Q000502:physiology*; D019560:Echocardiography, Three-Dimensional / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004864:Equipment and Supplies; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D010410:Penile Erection / Q000502:physiology*; D010413:Penis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*