title: Extrascleral extension in association with ciliochoroidal melanoma: ultrasound biomicroscopy with histopathological correlation.
abstract: METHODS
  We present the case of a 71-year-old man with a melanoma arising from the ciliary body and extending into the choroid. Ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) revealed connection via an emissary canal to a subconjunctival nodule. Although evaluation for metastasis was negative at the time of diagnosis, multiple hepatic metastatic deposits were found 2 years post-enucleation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is crucial to identify the presence of scleral invasion and extrascleral extension for proper management planning in patients with choroidal melanomas. This case demonstrates that UBM is an accurate and useful tool for characterizing the morphologic pattern of scleral invasion of intraocular tumours.
authors.affiliation: The Department of Ocular Oncology, Princess Margaret Hospital, University health Network, Toronto, Ont.
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Noble
authors.forename: Faqir A
authors.initials: FA
authors.lastname: Qazi
authors.forename: Hesham K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Lakosha
authors.forename: E Rand
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: Yeni
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yucel
authors.forename: Hugh
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: McGowan
authors.forename: Charles
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pavlin
authors.forename: Filiberto
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Altomare
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002830:Choroid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000556:secondary; D002924:Ciliary Body / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology; D005134:Eye Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000556:secondary; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary*; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000556:secondary; D033401:Microscopy, Acoustic; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D015422:Scleral Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014604:Uveal Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology