title: Sonographically guided percutaneous muscle biopsy in diagnosis of neuromuscular disease: a useful alternative to open surgical biopsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to evaluate the feasibility of sonographically guided percutaneous muscle biopsy in the investigation of neuromuscular disorders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sonographically guided percutaneous needle biopsy of skeletal muscle was performed with a 14-gauge core biopsy system in 40 patients over a 24-month period. Patients were referred from the Department of Neurology under investigation for neuromuscular disorders. Sonography was used to find suitable tissue and to avoid major vascular structures. A local anesthetic was applied below skin only. A 3- to 4-mm incision was made. Three 14-gauge samples were obtained from each patient. All samples were placed on saline-dampened gauze and sent for neuropathologic analysis. As a control, we retrospectively assessed results of the 40 most recent muscle samples acquired via open surgical biopsy.
  
  
  RESULTS
  With the use of sonography, 32 (80%) of 40 patients had a histologic diagnosis made via percutaneous needle biopsy. This included 26 (93%) of 28 patients with acute muscular disease and 6 (50%) of 12 patients with chronic disease. In the surgical group (all acute disease), 38 (95%) of 40 patients had diagnostic tissue attained.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sonographically guided percutaneous 14-gauge core skeletal muscle biopsy is a useful procedure, facilitating diagnosis in acute muscular disease. It provides results comparable with those of open surgical biopsy in acute muscular disease. It may also be used in chronic muscular disease but repeated or open biopsy may be needed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Academic Radiology, Beaumont Hospital, Dublin, Ireland. paul.osullivan@vch.ca
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: O'Sullivan
authors.forename: Grainne M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Gorman
authors.forename: Orla M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Hardiman
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Farrell
authors.forename: P Mark
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Logan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000473:pathology; D009468:Neuromuscular Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology*; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional