title: Growth inhibition and induction of apoptosis in MCF-7 breast cancer cells by Antrodia camphorata.
abstract: Antrodia camphorata (A. camphorata) is well known in Taiwan as a traditional Chinese medicine, and it has been shown to exhibit antioxidant and anticancer effects. In this study, therefore, its ability to induce apoptosis in cultured MCF-7 breast cancer cells was studied. Treatment of the MCF-7 cells with a variety of concentrations of the fermented culture broth of A. camphorata (25-150 microg/ml) resulted in dose- and time-dependent sequences of events marked by apoptosis, as shown by loss of cell viability, chromatin condensation, internucleosomal DNA fragmentation, and sub-G1 phase accumulation. Furthermore, apoptosis in the MCF-7 cells was accompanied by the release of cytochrome c, activation of caspase 3, and specific proteolytic cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP). Although, the A. camphorata-induced apoptosis was associated with Bax protein levels, negligible Bcl-2 reduction was observed. Interestingly, A. camphorata induced dose-dependent reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation in MCF-7 cells. Analysis of the data suggests that A. camphorata exerts antiproliferative action and growth inhibition on MCF-7 cells through apoptosis induction, and that it may have anticancer properties valuable for application in drug products.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Nutrition, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Hsin-Ling
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Chee-Shan
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Wen-Huei
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Fung-Jou
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Yu-Ching
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: Chin-Chu
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Tzong-Hsiung
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Hseu
authors.forename: Chiung-Tsun
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Kuo
authors.forename: You-Cheng
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Hseu
mesh_terms: D017304:Annexin A5 / Q000378:metabolism; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D045304:Cytochromes c / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D016193:G1 Phase / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000378:metabolism; D020072:Polyporales / Q000737:chemistry*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D017304:Annexin A5; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D045304:Cytochromes c; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D020169:Caspases