title: Reduction of circulating annexin A5 levels and resistance to annexin A5 anticoagulant activity in women with recurrent spontaneous pregnancy losses.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether levels of annexin A5, evidence for resistance to annexin A5 activity, and levels anti-annexin A5 antibodies might be altered in women with a history of recurrent spontaneous pregnancy losses.
  
  
  METHODS
  These annexin A5 parameters were assayed in 70 nonpregnant women with a history of > or = 3 recurrent spontaneous pregnancy losses (cases) and 50 women without adverse pregnancy history (control subjects).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cases had significantly lower plasma annexin A5 levels than control subjects (median, 4.7 ng/mL [range, 0.3-40.4 ng/mL] vs 6.7 ng/mL [range, 0.7-56.0]; P = .01), significantly reduced anticoagulant ratios (188% [range, 119%-279%] vs 238% [range, 159%-286%]; P < .0001), and reduced binding of annexin A5 to phospholipid (6.3 ng/aliquot phospholipid [range, 1.5-16.4 ng/aliquot phospholipid] vs 9.7 ng/aliquot phospholipid (range, 3.5-17.0 ng/aliquot phospholipid]; P = .0002). There were no significant differences in anti-annexin A5 antibody levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Reduction of annexin A5 and interference with its anticoagulant and binding activities are associated significantly with a history of recurrent spontaneous pregnancy losses. These data support the concept of a significant role for annexin A5 in the maintenance of pregnancy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Pathology, Department of Pathology, Montefiore Medical Center, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA. jrand@montefiore.org
authors.forename: Jacob H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Rand
authors.forename: Alan A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Arslan
authors.forename: Xiao-Xuan
authors.initials: XX
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Rosemary
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wein
authors.forename: Jeanine
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mulholland
authors.forename: Manish
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Waander L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: van Heerde
authors.forename: Chris P
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Reutelingsperger
authors.forename: Charles J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Lockwood
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Kuczynski
mesh_terms: D000026:Abortion, Habitual / Q000097:blood*; D000328:Adult; D017304:Annexin A5 / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D000906:Antibodies / Q000097:blood*; D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin / Q000097:blood; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D004351:Drug Resistance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008499:Medical Records; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000378:metabolism; D011247:Pregnancy
chemical_list: D017304:Annexin A5; D000906:Antibodies; D017153:Antibodies, Anticardiolipin; D000925:Anticoagulants; D010743:Phospholipids