Helping alliance and early dropout from psychiatric out-patient care: the influence of patient factors.
BACKGROUND
The study examined client factors of relevance in the establishment of helping alliance and in the prediction of dropout from a routine psychiatric setting admitting a variety of diagnoses and staffed with a multiprofessional team.


METHODS
Newly admitted patients (n=122) and staff completed questionnaires regarding helping alliance, and the patients also completed questionnaires regarding motivation, symptoms and interpersonal problems. The patients were also diagnosed according to ICD-10 and were followed up concerning early dropout.


RESULTS
Several variables correlated with helping alliance, and multivariate analyses showed that cold/distant factor, motivation and interpersonal sensitivity factor were the most important factors in establishing helping alliance. Moreover, it was the alliance as perceived by the patients (and not by the staff) that proved to be the most essential variable. A logistic regression analysis showed that early dropout was predicted by low helping alliance, low age and cold/distant factor.


CONCLUSIONS
The most important client factors for establishing helping alliance and for predicting early dropout seem to be those relevant to interpersonal processes. Furthermore, the therapists'/staff's responsiveness to these client factors seems to be of decisive importance.
Johansson
Håkan
H
Division of Psychiatry, Lund University Hospital, Storgatan 1-3, 241 30 Eslöv, Sweden. hakan.johansson@psychology.lu.se
Eklund
Mona
M
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D003710:Demography; D005260:Female; D006379:Helping Behavior; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000628:therapy*; D008605:Mental Health Services / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010348:Patient Care Team; D010352:Patient Dropouts / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D013997:Time Factors