title: Segmental spinal dysgenesis: case report of a 50-year follow-up after surgery at age 3 years: case report.
abstract: METHODS
  Case report with ultra long-term follow-up.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To show the long-term positive benefits of an arthrodesis at age 3 years.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  To our knowledge, there have been no previous reports of a 50-year follow-up of a posterior spine fusion for severe congenital kyphosis and segmental spinal dysgenesis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Chart and radiographic documentation of both the preoperative, postoperative, and 50-year follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Solid arthrodesis was achieved after a pseudarthrosis repair. Major correction was achieved and paraplegia prevented. Despite a long fusion to the sacrum, there was no junctional or sacroiliac degeneration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Arthrodesis at age 3 years provided an optimal ultra long-term follow-up.
authors.affiliation: Twin Cites Spine Center, Minneapolis, MN 55404-4515, USA.
authors.forename: Elisha
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ofiram
authors.forename: Robert B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Winter
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Lonstein
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007738:Kyphosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D008159:Lumbar Vertebrae / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D011859:Radiography; D013123:Spinal Fusion / Q000379:methods*; D013904:Thoracic Vertebrae / Q000002:abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery