title: Soluble intracellular adhesion molecule-1 is associated with cardiovascular disease risk and mortality in older adults.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intracellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) regulates leukocyte-endothelial attachment, a process crucial to atherosclerosis. Circulating soluble ICAM-1 (sICAM-1) may serve as a marker of cardiovascular disease (CVD) progression.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We examined the association of sICAM-1 with measures of subclinical CVD and risk of incident CVD events and death in older men and women (age > or = 65 years) from the Cardiovascular Health Study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Selected participants were free of clinical CVD at baseline. Non-exclusive incident case groups were angina (n = 534), myocardial infarction (n = 304), stroke (n = 327), and death (n = 842; CVD death = 310). A total 643 subjects were free of events during follow-up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  sICAM-1 was positively associated with C-reactive protein, interleukin-6 and fibrinogen and measures of subclinical CVD in these older men and women. In Cox regression models adjusted for age, gender, and race, increasing levels of sICAM-1 were associated with increased risk of all cause mortality in men and women. Hazard ratios (95% confidence intervals) for a one standard deviation increase in sICAM-1 (89.7 ng mL(-1)) were 1.3 (1.1-1.4) in men and 1.2 (1.1-1.3) in women. sICAM-1 was associated with increased risk of CVD death in women (1.2; 1.0-1.5), but not men (1.1; 0.9-1.3). There were no associations of sICAM-1 with non-fatal CVD events.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  While sICAM-1 was associated with death in older men and women, there was a more marked association between sICAM-1 and CVD death in women.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, College of Medicine, University of Vermont, Burlington, VT, USA.
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Jenny
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Arnold
authors.forename: L H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Kuller
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Sharrett
authors.forename: L P
authors.initials: LP
authors.lastname: Fried
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Psaty
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Tracy
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000787:Angina Pectoris / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D009026:Mortality; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012995:Solubility; D020521:Stroke / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000401:mortality
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1