RETRACTED: Activation of murine peritoneal macrophages by sulfated exopolysaccharide from marine microalga Gyrodinium impudicum (strain KG03): involvement of the NF-kappa B and JNK pathway.
This article has been retracted: please see Elsevier Policy on Article Withdrawal (https://www.elsevier.com/about/our-business/policies/article-withdrawal).

This article has been retracted at the request of the Editor-in-Chief, as there are concerns about inappropriate re-use of published figures. In this study, the same Western blot has been used to represent different studies with different drugs (methoxychalcone vs ganodermanondiol), cell extracts (macrophages versus hepatocytes) and different targets (Nrf2 vs LKB1). The concern was initially raised in PubPeer, the response from author on PubPeer was not acceptable. The journal Editor in Chief requested the author to provide the explanation, however, the author was not able to fulfil this request. PubPeer - Activation of murine peritoneal macrophages by sulfated exop… [pubpeer.com]
Bae
Sung-Yun
SY
Division of Immunopharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Kyunggi-do, 440-746 South Korea.
Yim
Joung Han
JH
Lee
Hong Kum
HK
Pyo
Suhkneung
S
D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003602:Cytotoxicity, Immunologic; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000276:immunology*; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000276:immunology*; D008262:Macrophage Activation / Q000276:immunology*; D017737:Macrophages, Peritoneal / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008546:Melanoma, Experimental / Q000201:enzymology / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000502:physiology*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000378:metabolism; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
D016328:NF-kappa B; D011134:Polysaccharides; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases