title: Progress in clinical neurosciences: measuring the benefit of therapies for neurological disorders.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Clinicians in the neurosciences need to interpret and apply a growing body of evidence about therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a clinical scenario about painful diabetic neuropathy and evidence about one treatment option, we review the advantages, limitations, and the clinical interpretation of commonly reported measures of effectiveness, emphasizing their application to the care of individual patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Absolute differences between treatment and control groups (e.g., absolute risk difference) are clinically intuitive and preferable to relative measures (e.g., relative risk). The number needed to treat is particularly useful and clinically applicable. Continuous measures are best interpreted using thresholds of clinically important change, which provide information about the number of patients experiencing meaningful improvement or worsening.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using simple principles of evidence based care, clinicians can correctly interpret the common measures of treatment effectiveness and apply them to the care of individual patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bussière
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wiebe
mesh_terms: D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009488:Neurosciences; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012107:Research Design; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016896:Treatment Outcome