title: A clinical trial with chimeric monoclonal antibody WX-G250 and low dose interleukin-2 pulsing scheme for advanced renal cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  WX-G250 is a chimeric monoclonal antibody that binds to carbonic anhydrase IX(G250/MN), which is present on greater than 95% of RCCs of the clear cell subtype. The suggested working mechanism of WX-G250 is by ADCC. Because the number of activated ADCC effector cells can be increased by a low dose interleukin-2 pulsing schedule, a multicenter study was initiated to investigate whether WX-G250 combined with LD-IL-2 could lead to an improved clinical outcome in patients with progressive RCC.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 35 patients with progressive clear cell RCC received weekly infusions of WX-G250 for 11 weeks combined with a daily LD-IL-2 regimen. Patients were monitored longitudinally for ADCC capacity. Radiological assessment of metastatic lesions was performed at week 16 and regularly until disease progression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A durable clinical benefit was achieved in 8 of 35 patients (23%), including 3 with a partial response and 5 with stabilization at 24 weeks or greater. Mean survival was 22 months. In general treatment was well tolerated with little toxicity. The number of effector cells increased during treatment but lytic capacity per cell did not increase. ADCC and clinical outcome did not appear to correlate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  WX-G250 combined with LD-IL-2 in patients with metastatic RCC is safe and well tolerated. With a substantial clinical benefit and a median survival of 22 months in patients with metastatic RCC who have progressive disease at study entry combination therapy showed increased overall survival compared to WX-G250 monotherapy. Survival was at least similar to that of currently used cytokine regimens but with a favorable toxicity profile.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Radboud University Nijmegen Medical Centre, Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Bleumer
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Oosterwijk
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Oosterwijk-Wakka
authors.forename: M C W
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Völler
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Melchior
authors.forename: S O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Warnaar
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Mala
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Beck
authors.forename: P F A
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Mulders
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D018450:Disease Progression; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; C106533:G250 monoclonal antibody; D007376:Interleukin-2