title: Cathodic electrochemiluminescence of acetonitrile, acetonitrile-1,10-phenanthroline and acetonitrile-ternary Eu(III) complexes at a gold electrode.
abstract: Cathodic electrochemiluminescence (ECL) behaviours of the acetonitrile, acetonitrile-1,10-phenanthroline (phen) and acetonitrile-ternary Eu(III) complex systems at a gold electrode were studied. One very weak cathodic ECL-2 at -3.5 V was observed in 0.1 mol/L tetrabutylammonium tetrafluoroborate (TBABF(4)) acetonitrile solution. When 10 mmol/L tetrabutylammonium peroxydisulphate [(TBA)(2)S(2)O(8)] was added to 0.1 mol/L TBABF(4) acetonitrile solution, another cathodic ECL-1 at -2.7 V appeared and the potential for ECL-2 was shifted from -3.5 to -3.1 V. Furthermore, ECL-2 intensity was enhanced about 20-fold. When 1 x 10(-4) mol/L phen was added to 0.1 mol/L TBABF(4) + 10 mmol/L (TBA)(2)S(2)O(8) acetonitrile solution, the ECL intensities of ECL-1 and ECL-2 were enhanced about 20-fold compared with those of 0.1 mol/L TBABF(4) + 10 mmol/L (TBA)(2)S(2)O(8) acetonitrile solution. The maximum emission peaks of ECL-1 and ECL-2 in the three systems mentioned above appeared at about 530 nm. The products obtained by electrolysing 0.1 mol/L TBABF(4) acetonitrile solution at -3.5 V for 20 min were analysed by Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and the emitter of ECL-1 and ECL-2 was identified as excited state polyacetonitrile. When ternary Eu(III) complexes were presented in 0.1 mol/L TBABF(4) + 10 mmol/L (TBA)(2)S(2)O(8) acetonitrile solution, another maximum emission peak with a narrow band centred at about 610 nm appeared in ECL-1 in addition to the maximum emission peaks at about 530 nm for ECL-1 and ECL-2. The emitter of ECL emission at 610 nm was identified as the excited states Eu(III)*. The mechanisms for cathodic ECL behaviours of the acetonitrile, acetonitrile-phen and acetonitrile-ternary Eu(III) complex systems at a gold electrode have been proposed. The extremely sharp emission bands for ternary Eu(III) complexes may have analytical potential.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui 230026, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hong-Xiao
authors.initials: HX
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cui
authors.forename: Jun-Bo
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Guan
mesh_terms: D000097:Acetonitriles / Q000737:chemistry*; D004563:Electrochemistry / Q000379:methods; D004566:Electrodes; D005063:Europium / Q000737:chemistry*; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000737:chemistry; D006046:Gold / Q000737:chemistry*; D049449:Luminescence; D008163:Luminescent Measurements / Q000379:methods*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry*; D010618:Phenanthrolines / Q000737:chemistry*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity
chemical_list: D000097:Acetonitriles; D005609:Free Radicals; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D010618:Phenanthrolines; D005063:Europium; D006046:Gold