title: New disseminated intravascular coagulation score: A useful tool to predict mortality in comparison with Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II and Logistic Organ Dysfunction scores.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the performance of a coagulation score-the new scoring system for diagnosing disseminated intravascular coagulation (DIC)-with the Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation (APACHE) II and Logistic Organ Dysfunction score in mortality prediction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Single-center retrospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical intensive care unit of the University of Munich.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 797 patients admitted to the intensive care unit between January 1, 1996, and January 1, 2001.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective analysis of all patients was done if the coagulation variables d-dimer, platelet count, fibrinogen, and prothrombin index were available within the first 12 hrs after admission. Patients with missing values, fibrinolytic therapy, or unknown survival status were excluded from analysis. As a marker of fibrin generation, d-dimer was measured and integrated into the scoring system for DIC together with prothrombin time, fibrinogen, and platelet count. A coagulation score was calculated in analogy with the scoring system for DIC in patients not typically developing DIC.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall, the mean result of the scoring system for DIC was 2.2 points. An increasing scoring system for DIC was associated with increasing mortality in patients with serious infections. Use of the scoring system for DIC in addition to the APACHE II score helps to predict mortality better than the APACHE II score alone, especially in patients with infections. The Cox regression analysis showed that the DIC and APACHE II scores correlated independently with survival time with a greater effect of the DIC score than the APACHE II or the Logistic Organ Dysfunction score. Similar results were obtained using the coagulation score in patients with cardiocirculatory diseases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our retrospective data suggest that a combination of the APACHE II score and the scoring system for DIC predicts mortality in critically ill patients with available variables better than the APACHE II score alone. This effect is most pronounced among patients with active infection. These results of our retrospective analysis have to be confirmed in a prospective study.
authors.affiliation: Medizinische Klinik, Department of Internal Intensive Care Unit, Standort Innenstadt der Ludwig-Maximilans-Universitat Muenchen, Muenchen, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias W A
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Angstwurm
authors.forename: Carl-Erik
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Dempfle
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Spannagl
mesh_terms: D018806:APACHE; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D004211:Disseminated Intravascular Coagulation / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies