title: True hermaphroditism in six female littermates after administration of synthetic androgens to a pregnant bitch.
abstract: A pregnant bitch was treated with a synthetic testosterone mixture on approximately day 40. The female offspring (six pups) showed an increased anogenital distance, vaginal enlargement and a variable amount of vaginal discharge. The urinary orifice was found dorsally in the vestibulum, stooled on a protruding phallus-like structure. All six pups underwent a laparotomy and subsequent spaying and a modified ventral episioplasty technique to lift up the labia to a more vertical position in order to prevent urine accumulation. Histopathological examination of the genital tracts demonstrated the presence of bilateral ovotestis and remnants of the Wolffian duct system in all cases. The finding of true hermaphroditism of the offspring after exogenous androgen administration during gestation of the bitch has not yet been reported elsewhere.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Merelbeke, Belgium. hilde.derooster@ugent.be
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: de Rooster
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Vercauteren
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Görtz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Saunders
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Polis
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rijsselaere
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D050090:Ovotesticular Disorders of Sex Development / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D011247:Pregnancy; D045165:Testosterone Congeners / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D045165:Testosterone Congeners