title: Non-occlusive small bowel necrosis during enteral feeding after pancreaticoduodenectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Early enteral tube feeding is widely used after major surgery and trauma. This article is intended to alert surgeons to the possibility of small bowel necrosis following enteral refeeding and to discuss etiology and clinical features.
  
  
  METHODS
  A case series from a single surgeon's database at a Tertiary Care Center is reported. Cases were drawnfrom a consecutive series of patients undergoing pylorus-preserving pancreaticoduodenectomy and placement of a needle catheter jejunostomy between January 1998 and June 2004.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two patients receiving early postoperative tube feeding developed sepsis with subsequent small bowel necrosis. Abdominal distension and signs of sepsis developed early postoperatively. Diagnosis was made based on characteristic computed tomography findings. Both patients underwent laparotomy with segmental bowel resection and survived.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Non-specific septic symptoms associated with recurrent abdominal distension are ominous signs in patients receiving early postoperative enteral tube feeding and should prompt discontinuation of enteral nutrition. Within this scenario, CT imaging represents a valuable adjunct in the early assessment of these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Minimal Invasive Surgery, Legacy Health System, Oregon Health and Science University, Portland, Oreg, USA.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thaler
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garreau
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Hansen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D009336:Necrosis; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D016577:Pancreaticoduodenectomy; D010195:Pancreatitis / Q000601:surgery*