title: Recurrent symptomatic bradycardia due to secret ingestion of beta-blockers--a rare manifestation of cardiac Münchhausen syndrome.
abstract: The term Münchhausen syndrome was established in 1951 by Asher to describe a severe psychiatric illness in which patients simulate false symptoms and signs. We report on a female general practitioner who repeatedly ingested high doses of beta-blockers in order to simulate symptomatic sick-sinus syndrome. She had been admitted to intermediate care units in several hospitals before the correct diagnosis was made by finding the tablets in her toilet bag. Following psychiatric exploration and psychotherapy, she has been working in her community again for about a year. This is the first report on the clinical presentation and course of disease in a patient with cardiac Münchhausen syndrome who secretly ingested beta-blockers to provoke a menacing bradycardia. The follow-up indicates that frequent and intense symptomatic episodes of this remarkable psychiatric disease can be interrupted by long normal intervals.
authors.affiliation: Cardiovascular Division, City Hospital Linz, Linz, Austria. clemens.steinwender@akh.linz.at
authors.forename: Clemens
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Steinwender
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hofmann
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kypta
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Leisch
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000506:poisoning*; D000328:Adult; D001919:Bradycardia / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008790:Metoprolol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000506:poisoning*; D009110:Munchausen Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy; D016735:Munchausen Syndrome by Proxy; D011613:Psychotherapy; D035583:Rare Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D008790:Metoprolol