title: Genotype analysis of Candida albicans isolates obtained from different body locations of patients with superficial candidiasis using PCRs targeting 25S rDNA and ALT repeat sequences of the RPS.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several molecular biology-based genotyping techniques have been adapted for studying the molecular characteristics of Candida albicans strains, which constitute the majority of the etiologic agents in candidiasis. Recently, we reported a PCR system targeting 25S rDNA and ALT repeat sequences in the repetitive sequence (RPS) for genotyping of C. albicans.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess the potential of 25S rDNA and RPS-based genotyping for studying the molecular epidemiology of C. albicans, and define the genotypic relationship of C. albicans between invasive and non-invasive lesions in the same individual.
  
  
  METHODS
  C. albicans strains were isolated from infected lesions and commensal sites, such as oral mucosa and/or feces, of patients with superficial candidiasis. The genomic DNAs were amplified by PCRs using P-I and P-II to determine the 25S rDNA- and RPS-based genotypes of the isolates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Genotype A:3 C. albicans constituted the majority of the isolates, followed by A:3/4 and B:3 C. albicans. There was usually one genotype of C. albicans per person. The genotypes of infected lesion isolates and non-infected oral mucosa and/or feces isolates were identical in the same individual, even in serially isolated C. albicans.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results indicate that our combined PCR technique using P-I and P-II is a potential tool for molecular typing of C. albicans, and reveal that the genotypes of isolates are identical in the same individual, independent of the infective and non-infective phases or the body location.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai, Nagoya, Aichi 466-8550, Japan.
authors.forename: Hisao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hattori
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwata
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakagawa
authors.forename: Fumihiko
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Kawamoto
authors.forename: Yasushi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tomita
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kikuchi
authors.forename: Toshio
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanbe
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002176:Candida albicans / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002177:Candidiasis / Q000382:microbiology*; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000235:genetics*; D005243:Feces / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009061:Mouth Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology; D016533:Mycological Typing Techniques; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004275:DNA, Ribosomal