title: Evaluation of an inflammation-based prognostic score (GPS) in patients with metastatic breast cancer.
abstract: Prediction of outcome in patients with metastatic breast cancer remains problematical. The present study evaluated the value of an inflammation-based score (Glasgow Prognostic Score, GPS) in patients with metastatic breast cancer. The GPS was constructed as follows: patients with both an elevated C-reactive protein (>10 mg l(-1)) and hypoalbuminaemia (<35 g l(-1)) were allocated a score of 2. Patients in whom only one or none of these biochemical abnormalities was present were allocated a score of 1 or 0, respectively. In total, 96 patients were studied. During follow-up 51 patients died of their cancer. On multivariate analysis of the GPS and treatment received, only the GPS (HR 2.26, 95% CI 1.45-3.52, P<0.001) remained significantly associated with cancer-specific survival. The presence of a systemic inflammatory response (the GPS) appears to be a useful indicator of poor outcome independent of treatment in patients with metastatic breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: University Department of Surgery, Royal and Western Infirmaries, Glasgow, UK.
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Al Murri
authors.forename: J M S
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bartlett
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Canney
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Doughty
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: McMillan
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D005260:Female; D023261:Glasgow Outcome Scale; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D012709:Serum Albumin; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015996:Survival Rate
chemical_list: D012709:Serum Albumin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein