Prevalence rate of myopia in schoolchildren in rural Mongolia.
OBJECTIVE
The prevalence of myopia among some young Asian populations has been reported to be increasing to near epidemic proportions. Mongolia is an emerging Asian economy with limited ophthalmic resources. The purpose of this study was to define a level of myopia for school-aged children in rural Mongolia.


METHODS
A total of 1057 schoolchildren, aged between 7 and 17 years, were examined in two remote, rural suums (districts) of Mongolia: one situated in the western aimag (province) of Khovd and the other in the central steppe's aimag of Zavkhan. The examination included retinoscopy, subjective refraction, best-corrected visual acuity, and direct ophthalmoscopy.


RESULTS
The total prevalence of myopia (more than -0.5 D spherical equivalent) was 5.8% (95% confidence intervals [CIs], 4.4-7.2%). Female students exhibited a significantly higher prevalence of myopia in comparison to male students: 8.3% (95% CIs, 6.0-10.6%) compared with 3.1%, respectively (95% CIs, 1.6-4.6%): p < 0.001). For those with myopia, the median level of myopia for both genders was -0.75 D spherical equivalent (SE) and ranged from -0.50 to -28.00 D SE in girls and from -0.50 to -6.50 D SE in boys.


CONCLUSIONS
To the authors' knowledge, this is the first study to report a level of myopia for schoolchildren in Mongolia. The prevalence rate is low in comparison to reported studies for other Far Eastern countries.
Morgan
Andrew
A
Aston Academy of Life Sciences, Neurosciences Research Institute, Aston University, Birmingham B4 7ET, United Kingdom. morganaj@aston.ac.uk
Young
Richard
R
Narankhand
Battseren
B
Chen
Stephanie
S
Cottriall
Charles
C
Hosking
Sarah
S
D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008986:Mongolia / Q000453:epidemiology; D009216:Myopia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012029:Refraction, Ocular; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012424:Rural Population; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014792:Visual Acuity