title: Variational principles for the equations of porous piezoelectric ceramics.
abstract: The governing equations of a porous piezoelectric continuum are presented in variational form, though they were well established in differential form. Hamilton's principle is applied to the motions of a regular region of the continuum, and a three-field variational principle is obtained with some constraint conditions. By removing the constraint conditions that are usually undesirable in computation through an involutory transformation, a unified variational principle is presented for the region with a fixed internal surface of discontinuity. The unified principle leads, as its Euler-Lagrange equations, to all the governing equations of the region, including the jump conditions but excluding the initial conditions. Certain special cases and reciprocal variational principles are recorded, and they are shown to recover some of the earlier ones.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Enginering, Bogazici University, Bebek 34342, Istanbul, Turkey.
authors.forename: Gülay
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Altay
authors.forename: M Cengiz
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Dökmeci
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D002516:Ceramics / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000528:radiation effects; D003198:Computer Simulation; D017076:Computer-Aided Design; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D016062:Porosity; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014159:Transducers; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*