title: Reduced angiogenic responses in adult Endoglin heterozygous mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if angiogenesis is altered in adult Endoglin heterozygous (Eng(+/-)) mice, the animal model for the vascular disorder hereditary hemorrhagic telangiectasia type 1 (HHT1).
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary cultures of endothelial cells were generated from Eng(+/-) and Eng(+/+) mice and analyzed for proliferation, migration, and ability to form capillary-like tubes. Endothelial cells derived from umbilical veins of newborns (HUVEC) with an HHT1 genotype were also tested for capillary formation. Two in vivo models of angiogenesis were tested in the Eng(+/-) and Eng(+/+) mice: Matrigel implant-dependent angiogenesis and reperfusion following hindlimb ischemia.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Eng(+/-) endothelial cells displayed significantly reduced proliferation and migration, increased collagen production, and decreased NO synthase expression and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) secretion. They also showed impaired capillary tube formation in vitro, as did the HHT1 HUVEC. These endothelial cell-specific abnormalities were associated with impaired Matrigel-dependent capillary tube formation in vivo and delayed reperfusion following hindlimb ischemia.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although vascular development is normal in Eng(+/-) mice, angiogenic abnormalities were observed in the adult mice and their isolated endothelial cells. These results suggest that a normal level of endoglin is required for full angiogenic activity.
authors.affiliation: Instituto Reina Sofía de Investigación Nefrológica, Departamento de Fisiología y Farmacología, Universidad de Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain.
authors.forename: Mirjana
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jerkic
authors.forename: Alicia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Barbero
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Prieto
authors.forename: Mourad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Toporsian
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pericacho
authors.forename: Juan V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Rivas-Elena
authors.forename: Juana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Obreo
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pérez-Barriocanal
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arévalo
authors.forename: Carmelo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bernabéu
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Letarte
authors.forename: José M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: López-Novoa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015152:Blotting, Northern / Q000379:methods; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000379:methods; D002465:Cell Movement; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D000071063:Endoglin; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006579:Heterozygote; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000098:blood supply; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D007511:Ischemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D023421:Models, Animal; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D013683:Telangiectasia, Hereditary Hemorrhagic / Q000378:metabolism*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000071063:Endoglin; C502004:Eng protein, mouse; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D003094:Collagen