title: Delayed defibrillation testing in patients implanted with biventricular ICD (CRT-D): a reliable and safe approach.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Defibrillation testing (DT) at the end of the implantation of cardiac resynchronization pacemaker with a defibrillator (CRT-D) exposes heart failure (HF) patients to increased procedural risks. However, until now, delayed DT has not been assessed as a possible option in HF patients implanted with CRT-D.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Aim of the present study is to assess safety and feasibility of delayed DT in HF patients treated with CRT-D.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred and eleven consecutive patients (mean age: 65 years, mean NYHA class 3.0, mean EF: 29.3%) underwent CRT-D implantation from October 1999 to December 2004. In the first 17 patients, DT was performed at the end of CRT-D implantation. In the other 194 consecutive patients, DT was performed at 2 months after CRT-D implantation. Outcome of DT, as well as "acute" LV lead dislodgment rate were evaluated in the latter group of 194 patients undergoing a delayed DT. Also, ICD function was assessed through device telemetry analysis at 2 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At delayed DT, first shock was effective in 187 of 194 patients (96%), ineffective VF interruption at maximum energy occurred only in one patient (0.5%), and acute LV lead dislodgment was 1%. No ICD therapy failure occurred in the 2-month untested period.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DT performed 2 months after CRT-D implantation is safe and feasible; this is possibly related to the improvement of clinical conditions and hemodynamic status as well as greater lead stability 2 months after CRT-D.
authors.affiliation: Electrophysiology and Pacing Unit, Istituto Clinico Humanitas, Via Manzoni, Rozzano Milano, Italy. maurizio.gasparini@humanitas.it
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gasparini
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Galimberti
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Regoli
authors.forename: Carlo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ceriotti
authors.forename: Marika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bonadies
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable / Q000009:adverse effects*; D004554:Electric Countershock / Q000295:instrumentation*; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000628:therapy*; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012449:Safety; D013997:Time Factors