title: Quantitative imaging of Plasmodium transmission from mosquito to mammal.
abstract: Plasmodium, the parasite that causes malaria, is transmitted by a mosquito into the dermis and must reach the liver before infecting erythrocytes and causing disease. We present here a quantitative, real-time analysis of the fate of parasites transmitted in a rodent system. We show that only a proportion of the parasites enter blood capillaries, whereas others are drained by lymphatics. Lymph sporozoites stop at the proximal lymph node, where most are degraded inside dendritic leucocytes, but some can partially differentiate into exoerythrocytic stages. This previously unrecognized step of the parasite life cycle could influence the immune response of the host, and may have implications for vaccination strategies against the preerythrocytic stages of the parasite.
authors.affiliation: Unité de Biologie et Génétique du Paludisme, Institut Pasteur, 25-28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris, cedex 15, Paris, France. roti@ecb.epm.br
authors.forename: Rogerio
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Amino
authors.forename: Sabine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Thiberge
authors.forename: Béatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Susanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Celli
authors.forename: Spencer
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shorte
authors.forename: Friedrich
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Frischknecht
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ménard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000469:parasitology; D006801:Humans; D042601:Lymphatic Vessels / Q000469:parasitology; D008288:Malaria / Q000276:immunology / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission*; D051379:Mice; D008812:Mice, Hairless; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009068:Movement; D010961:Plasmodium / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology*; D051381:Rats; D011914:Rats, Inbred BN; D012867:Skin / Q000469:parasitology; D034101:Sporozoites / Q000276:immunology / Q000472:pathogenicity / Q000502:physiology