title: Vasoconstrictor administration during cardiopulmonary bypass affects acid-base balance in infants and children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In experimental reports, blood flow redistribution occurred during cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) and perfusion pressure was restored by vasoconstrictor administration without improving splanchnic perfusion. The influence of vasoconstrictor administration during CPB was clinically examined.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-two consecutive pediatric CPB cases of ventricular septal defect without blood transfusion were divided into two groups, depending upon whether a vasoconstrictor was administered during CPB or not (n = 7 vs. 15). Bypass flow and systemic perfusion pressure during CPB were maintained at 2.5 L/m(2)/min and not lower than 30 mm Hg by vasoconstrictor administration, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although preoperative state and CPB conditions were comparable between the two groups, more sodium bicarbonate was administered (P < 0.05); duration from the operation to extubation was longer (P < 0.05); and bowel movement occurred later in the vasoconstrictor-administered group than in the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vasoconstrictor administration during CPB may deteriorate the acid-base balance and the postoperative state in infants and children.
authors.affiliation: Niigata Univiversity Graduate School of Medical and Dental Sciences, Division of Thoracic & Cardiovascular Surgery, Niigata, Japan.
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sogawa
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Namura
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takekubo
authors.forename: Jun-ichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hayashi
mesh_terms: D000136:Acid-Base Equilibrium / Q000187:drug effects*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D006400:Hematocrit; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013318:Stroke Volume / Q000502:physiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents