title: Diagnoses and antipsychotic treatment among youths in a public mental health system.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The use of antipsychotics, namely newer atypical agents, has increased significantly in children and adolescents. It is important to examine diagnoses associated with antipsychotic treatment in youths.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate trends in psychiatric diagnoses of children and adolescents in a public mental health system who were prescribed antipsychotics.
  
  
  METHODS
  Children and adolescents, up to the age of 19 years, who were prescribed an antipsychotic between January 1998 and December 2001 were identified using the Texas Medicaid Vendor Drug database. Patient identification numbers were then cross-linked to the Client Assignment and Registration database of the Texas Department of Mental Health and Mental Retardation to extract diagnostic data.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Disruptive behavioral disorders accounted for the highest percentage (35%) of diagnoses associated with children and adolescents receiving antipsychotic treatment and mental healthcare services. Depressive disorders were the second most common diagnosis (18%), and bipolar disorders accounted for roughly 12% of all diagnoses. Approximately 3% of children and adolescents did not have a psychiatric diagnosis. The percentage of youths with comorbid psychiatric diagnoses decreased over time.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although disruptive behavioral disorders accounted for a large percentage of antipsychotic use in this population, these findings suggest that antipsychotics are being used to treat other psychiatric diagnoses, for which limited supporting data exist. Future research in children and adolescents should aim to provide needed efficacy and safety data of antipsychotics across the spectrum of neuropsychiatric disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice, College of Pharmacy, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH 45267-004, USA. nick.patel@uc.edu
authors.forename: Nick C
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Patel
authors.forename: M Lynn
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Crismon
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shafer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016208:Databases, Factual; D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000639:trends; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008484:Medicaid; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D013781:Texas / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D014150:Antipsychotic Agents