title: Functional electrostimulation of muscles as a method for restoring motor functions.
abstract: The main functions of a method of functional electrical stimulation of muscles (FES) are described: diagnostic, prognostic, and therapeutic. The main indication for using the FES method is a deficiency of muscle function, which may be organic (due to lesions to neuromuscular structures) or functional (associated with relaxation of the muscular apparatus). The five most significant functions of the FES method were established: 1) identification of correctable movements and stimulable muscles; 2) identification of the amplitude and time program for stimulation; 3) stimulation regimes for pathological gaits; 4) stimulation parameters; 5) positioning of skin electrodes on the human body. Using the example of two severe central nervous system pathologies (spinal cord lesions in the lumbosacral area and hemiparesis of cerebral origin), the positive effects of FES on the process of motor rehabilitation of this category of patients were demonstrated.
authors.affiliation: Federal Applied Scientific Center for Medical-Social Examination and Rehabilitation of the Disabled, Ministry of Labor and Social Development of the Russian Federation, Moscow.
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Vitenzon
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Mironov
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Petrushanskaya
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena / Q000379:methods; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000150:complications; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement / Q000528:radiation effects; D009069:Movement Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D020127:Recovery of Function / Q000528:radiation effects*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications; D020521:Stroke / Q000150:complications; D013997:Time Factors