title: FAST ultrasound as an adjunct to triage using the START mass casualty triage system: a preliminary descriptive system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether the FAST examination might be a useful adjunct to simple triage and rapid treatment (START) in the secondary triage of mass-casualty victims already classified as delayed (Yellow).
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective chart review was conducted of all adult trauma patients evaluated by the trauma surgery service at a level 1 trauma center between January 1 and December 31, 2003. Patients were retrospectively triaged to one of three START categories: immediate (Red), delayed (Yellow), or expectant (Black). The FAST results were obtained from the medical records.
  
  
  RESULTS
  FAST results were available for 359 patients, of which 27 were classified as positive. Twenty (6.9%) of 286 patients retrospectively triaged as delayed (Yellow) had positive FAST studies. Of these, six underwent operative intervention within 24 hours of arrival. A total of 232 patients had both FAST and computed tomography (CT) studies performed, of which 19 FAST studies were inconclusive. In the remaining 213 patients, six of 27 had falsely positive studies, while 24 of 186 had falsely negative studies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Portable ultrasound technology might have identified 20 delayed (Yellow) patients with evidence of hemoperitoneum, thereby expediting evacuation to definitive care. However, only 30% of these patients subsequently underwent an operative intervention within 24 hours of arrival. Both over- and undertriage were significant problems. As such, the current study does not support the routine use of FAST ultrasound as a secondary triage tool.
authors.affiliation: Department of Emergency Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. Sztajnkrycer.Matthew@mayo.edu
authors.forename: Matthew D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Sztajnkrycer
authors.forename: Amado Alejandro
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Baez
authors.forename: Anuradha
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Luke
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004189:Disaster Planning; D004632:Emergency Medical Services / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014193:Trauma Centers / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D014218:Triage / Q000379:methods*; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods; D014481:United States; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000145:classification* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*