title: Spatial differences in biologic activity of large uterine leiomyomata.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the growth pattern of the large uterine leiomyomata (ULM), we examined the spatial gene distributions, vessel density, proliferative activity, and hyaline degeneration.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tissue sections from three-dimensional large ULM, matched myometrium, and small ULM were collected and microarrayed. The spatial difference of the tumor activity was mapped in large ULM.
  
  
  METHODS
  University clinical research laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hysterectomy specimens from 7 patients with large (>10 cm) ULM and 3 patients with large (>10 cm) uterine leiomyosarcomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tissue microarray analysis by the immunohistochemistry.
  
  
  METHODS
  Selected gene products, vessel density, and the percentage of hyaline degeneration were all scored in tissue cores/sections of large and small ULM against matched myometrium.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that there was a spherical spatial difference of the tumor activities in large ULM. The tumor region next to the periphery, the most biologically active zone, demonstrated higher levels of gene expression, a higher density of vessels, a higher proliferative rate and a lower level of hyaline degeneration. The large ULM have higher levels of gene products (except for estrogen and progesterone receptors) than small ULM.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In comparison of the spatial patterns of the gene activity between the large ULM and the large uterine leiomyosarcoma, the large ULM illustrate a growth pattern of nutritional dependence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Bellevue Hospital, New York, New York, USA. weij03@med.nyu.edu
authors.forename: Jian-Jun
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Wei
authors.forename: Xing-Min
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Luis
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chiriboga
authors.forename: Herman
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yee
authors.forename: Mary A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Perle
authors.forename: Khush
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mittal
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D002455:Cell Division / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D018231:Leiomyomatosis / Q000098:blood supply / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D007890:Leiomyosarcoma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid / Q000235:genetics; D014594:Uterine Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D006133:Growth Substances; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D011965:Receptors, Glucocorticoid; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A