title: Low risk of nevirapine resistance mutations in the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of HIV-1: Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA Ditrame Plus, Abidjan, Cote d'Ivoire.
abstract: The frequency of resistance mutations was estimated in the cohort of Agence Nationale de Recherches sur le SIDA Ditrame Plus, a study that evaluated the combination of short-course zidovudine (ZDV) plus lamivudine (3TC) and single-dose nevirapine (SD-NVP) followed by 3 days of postpartum ZDV plus 3TC for the prevention of mother-to-child transmission of human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1). The frequency with which resistance mutations were detected in mothers at week 4 postpartum was 1.14% (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.03%-6.17%) for NVP and 8.33% (95% CI, 3.66%-15.76%) for 3TC. In multivariate analysis, 3TC resistance was associated with a longer duration of ZDV plus 3TC prepartum prophylaxis (P=.009). This regimen, which is feasible in resource-limited settings, prevents most peripartum HIV-1 transmission and minimizes the development of NVP resistance.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Virologie, Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Necker Enfants Malades, EA MRT 3620, Universite Rene Descartes, Paris, France.
authors.forename: Marie-Laure
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Chaix
authors.forename: Didier Koumavi
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Ekouevi
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rouet
authors.forename: Besigin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tonwe-Gold
authors.forename: Ida
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Viho
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bequet
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Peytavin
authors.forename: Hassane
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toure
authors.forename: Herve
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Menan
authors.forename: Valeriane
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Leroy
authors.forename: Francois
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dabis
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rouzioux
mesh_terms: D007560:Cote d'Ivoire; D024882:Drug Resistance, Viral / Q000235:genetics*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical / Q000517:prevention & control*; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009035:Mothers; D009154:Mutation; D019829:Nevirapine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018743:Perinatal Care / Q000379:methods; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019562:Viral Load; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D019259:Lamivudine; D015215:Zidovudine; D019829:Nevirapine