title: Interleukin-1beta enhances the angiotensin-induced expression of plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 through angiotensin receptor upregulation in human astrocytes.
abstract: Plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 (PAI-1) regulates not only fibrinolysis but extracellular matrix remodeling, and angiotensin II is known to play an important role in controlling the expression of PAI-1 in astrocytes. We have studied the effect of interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), one of major cytokines also active in the nervous system, on the angiotensin II-induced expression of PAI-1 in human astrocytes. Cultures of normal human astrocytes were stimulated with IL-1beta and angiotensin II, and the expression of mRNAs for angiotensin II type 1 receptor (AT1) and PAI-1 was analyzed by reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) or real-time quantitative PCR. PAI-1 protein in astrocyte-conditioned medium was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). IL-1beta enhanced the expression of AT1 in astrocytes in time- and concentration-dependent manners. After 24-h stimulation, 10 ng/ml IL-1beta and 10 nM angiotensin II increased the levels of PAI-1 protein in astrocyte-conditioned medium by 1.9-fold and 1.8-fold of the basal value, respectively. There was no synergistic effect when the cells were stimulated simultaneously with IL-1beta and angiotensin II. When the cells were stimulated, with angiotensin II, 16 h after the stimulation with IL-1beta, the production of PAI-1 was enhanced by 1.4-fold as compared to the cells stimulated only with IL-1beta. CV-11794, an AT1 antagonist, inhibited the enhanced PAI-1 production in response to angiotensin II. We conclude that IL-1beta increases angiotensin II-induced PAI-1 secretion by astrocytes through the induction of AT1, and the enhanced secretion of PAI-1 may modulate functions of plasminogen activators in the nervous system.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Biology, Institute of Brain Science, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki 036-8562, Japan. hidemiyo@cc.hirosaki-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hidemi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Tadaatsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Imaizumi
authors.forename: Kunikazu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanji
authors.forename: Hirotaka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakaki
authors.forename: Norifumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Metoki
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Wakabayashi
authors.forename: Hiroto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Kei
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Satoh
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000145:classification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D015152:Blotting, Northern / Q000379:methods; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000379:methods; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1 / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007375:Interleukin-1; D017395:Plasminogen Activator Inhibitor 1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011945:Receptors, Angiotensin; D000804:Angiotensin II