title: 99mTc-HMPAO labelled leucocyte scintigraphy in the diagnosis of pelvic inflammatory disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Scintigraphy using leucocytes labelled with 99mTc hexamethylpropyleneamine oxime (99mTc-HMPAO) is widely used for the localization of inflammatory foci and abscesses in cases of acute pelvic inflammatory disease, which is one of the serious health problems of women of child-bearing age. Early diagnosis and effective management of this condition can preserve fertility and prevent serious complications, such as peritonitis and sepsis.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the importance of scintigraphy using 99mTc-HMPAO labelled leucocytes in the early diagnosis of patients with pelvic inflammatory disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen women (mean age 29.2+/-8 years, range 25-46 years) with suspicion of pyogenic pelvic inflammatory disease based on gynaecological examinations, clinical findings and blood tests were included in this study. The patients received 555 MBq 99mTc-HMPAO labelled leucocytes, by injection, and were scanned by scintigraphy 0.5-1, 3 and 24 h later in the anterior abdominal projection. Ten of the patients were then evaluated by abdominal or transvaginal ultrasonography, four by computed tomography and two by both ultrasound and computed tomography. The final diagnosis was made by surgical intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Scintigraphy detected pelvic inflammatory disease in five of the patients. In three of them the disease was apparent on the scans taken at 0.5-1 h, and in the other two it was apparent at 3 h. There were no false negative results, and one false positive result. The scan accurately reflected the absence of pelvic inflammatory disease in nine patients showing non-pathological tracer uptake in the lower abdominal region.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We showed that scintigraphy with 99mTc-HMPAO labelled leucocytes had a sensitivity of 100%, specificity of 90%, overall accuracy of 93%, positive predictive value of 83%, and negative predictive value of 100%. Therefore, we conclude that 99mTc-HMPAO labelled leucocyte scans provide a rapid and highly accurate method for diagnosing pelvic inflammatory disease in women of child-bearing age. This adds an important contribution to the diagnosis of infection and helps determine further operative or conservative treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nuclear Medicine, Ataturk University Medical Faculty, Erzurum, Turkey.
authors.forename: Hatice
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Uslu
authors.forename: Erhan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Varoglu
authors.forename: Sedat
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kadanali
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yildirim
authors.forename: Rezzan
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bayrakdar
authors.forename: Ayten
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kadanali
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008875:Middle Aged; D000292:Pelvic Inflammatory Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology*; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D019690:Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019690:Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime