title: Myocardial strain decreases with increasing transmurality of infarction: a Doppler echocardiographic and magnetic resonance correlation study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Regional abnormalities in myocardial systolic function can be detected with myocardial strain measurements derived from Doppler tissue echocardiography. We studied longitudinal strain measurements in patients with evidence of myocardial infarction by cardiac magnetic resonance imaging to determine whether end-systolic strain could identify the severity of the infarction.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 20 patients with chronic myocardial infarctions and 10 healthy volunteers underwent 2-dimensional echocardiography and cardiac magnetic resonance with delayed gadolinium (Gd) gadopentetate dimeglumine (DTPA) contrast hyperenhancement. Delayed Gd hyperenhancement was graded using the following scale: 0 = none, 1 = less than 25%, 2 = 26% to 50%, 3 = 51% to 75%, and 4 = greater than 75%.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was a progressive decrease in peak systolic strain in the infarct segments as the transmural extent of infarction increased. When compared with the peak systolic strain in remote segments without evidence of infarction (-19.7 +/- 0.9), the strain was significantly lower in segments with greater than 25% Gd hyperenhancement (grade 2, -14.8 +/- 1.1, P = .001; grade 3, -12.9 +/- 2.1, P = .001; grade 4, -9.1 +/- 2.0, P < .001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In patients with chronic myocardial infarctions, strain measurements with echocardiography show a graded response of decreasing regional strain in segments with increasing transmural extent of infarction defined by Gd hyperenhancement.
authors.affiliation: Echocardiography Laboratory, Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. sachdevv@nhlbi.nih.gov
authors.forename: Vandana
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Sachdev
authors.forename: Anthony H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Aletras
authors.forename: Sriram
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Padmanabhan
authors.forename: Stanislav
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sidenko
authors.forename: Yesoda N
authors.initials: YN
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Cynthia L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Brenneman
authors.forename: Yukitaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shizukuda
authors.forename: Glenn R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Lie
authors.forename: Pamela S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Vincent
authors.forename: Myron A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Waclawiw
authors.forename: Andrew E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Arai
mesh_terms: D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler / Q000379:methods*; D004548:Elasticity; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006801:Humans; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*