In vitro spermatogenesis by three-dimensional culture of rat testicular cells in collagen gel matrix.
In an effort to improve in vitro spermatogenesis by potentiating the interactions between developing germ cells, somatic cells, and the extracellular matrix (ECM), the efficiency of the germ cell-somatic cell coculture in a three-dimensional (3D) collagen gel matrix was examined. Cells isolated from rat seminiferous tubules 18 days after birth were cultured for 22 days in a monolayer without ECM, collagen gel (CG), or collagen+Matrigel (CGM). After culture, the viabilities of the cultured cells in the monolayer, CG, and CGM culture were 42.8%, 70.7% and 76.1%, respectively. Occludin-positive cells in a cyst-like structure were found in the ECM gel matrix together with 3beta hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase-positive cells, suggesting the presence of functional Sertoli cells and Leydig cells, respectively. Flow cytometric analysis of DNA content revealed a significant increase in the haploid cell population in the CG and CGM compared to the monolayer culture. Transition protein 2 (TP2) and protamine 2-positive cells were found together with a significant increase in TP2 mRNA levels in cells cultured in CG and CGM over those in monolayer culture, suggesting the occurrence of the post-meiotic differentiation of spermatogenetic cells. Taken together, a 3D in vitro culture system for testicular cells using a collagen gel matrix could enhance viability, meiosis, and post-meiotic differentiation of germ cells to presumptive differentiating spermatids.
Lee
Jae Ho
JH
Department of Biotechnology, College of Natural Sciences, Seoul Women's University, Seoul 139-774, Korea.
Kim
Hyun Joo
HJ
Kim
Haekwon
H
Lee
Sang Jin
SJ
Gye
Myung Chan
MC
D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000235:genetics; D003094:Collagen; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D008297:Male; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013091:Spermatogenesis; D013737:Testis / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism
D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; C053886:spermatid transition proteins; D003094:Collagen