title: Videolaparoscopy as rescue therapy and placement of peritoneal dialysis catheters: a thirty-two case single centre experience.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Malfunction of the peritoneal catheter is a frequent complication in peritoneal dialysis (PD). Videolaparoscopy is a minimal invasive technique that allows rescue therapy of malfunctioning catheters and consecutive immediate resumption of PD. Furthermore, Tenckhoff catheters can be safely positioned in patients with previous abdominal surgery. We analysed the clinical diagnosis, videolaparoscopic treatment and the outcome of PD patients on whom videolaparoscopic interventions had been performed at our centre.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two cases of videolaparoscopic interventions were performed for salvage of malfunctioning peritoneal catheters, implantation and abdominal surgical interventions in 25 PD patients. The videolaparoscope was inserted through a mini-laparotomy site of 15 mm diameter which was closed with purse-string sutures at the end of the intervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Videolaparoscopy was used in 21 cases of catheter malfunction mostly due to omental wrapping (12 cases) and dislocation (five cases). In eight patients with previous surgical abdominal interventions, laparoscopic placement of the PD catheter was performed. In two cases the gall bladder was removed. One case of intestinal occlusion was evaluated laparoscopically in an attempt to minimize invasive surgery. Leakage of the peritoneal fluid presented the only complication caused by insufficient closure of one mini-laparotomy site. Minimal follow-up time of rescued catheters was 5 months. Videolaparoscopy prolonged PD catheter function by a median of 163 days (range 5-1469 days).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Videolaparoscopy prolongs peritoneal catheter survival by treating directly the causes of malfunction. In patients with preceding abdominal interventions, the PD catheter can be placed safely even in cases necessitating surgical preparation like adhesiolysis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology, Ospedale Augusto Murri, Via dei Colli 52, I-60035 Jesi, Italy. nefrologia.jesi@asl5.marche.it
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Santarelli
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zeiler
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Marinelli
authors.forename: Tania
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Monteburini
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Federico
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ceraudo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002404:Catheterization / Q000009:adverse effects*; D015331:Cohort Studies; D020878:Device Removal / Q000379:methods; D004868:Equipment Failure / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019060:Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D010531:Peritoneal Dialysis, Continuous Ambulatory / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D011336:Probability; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014741:Video Recording