title: [Intravascular optical coherence tomography: differentiation of atherosclerotic plaques and quantification of vessel dimensions in crural arterial specimens].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Intravascular optical coherence tomography (OCT) is a new technique based on infrared light that visualizes the arteries with a resolution of 10-20 microm. Intravascular ultrasound (IVUS) is the current in vivo reference standard and provides a resolution of 100-150 microm. This study compared OCT to IVUS and histopathology with respect to the ability to differentiate atherosclerotic plaques and quantify vascular dimensions in peripheral crural arteries ex vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  50 segments of atherosclerotic arteries derived from five amputated human lower extremities were examined. The different plaque types (fibrous, high-lipid content, calcified) were assigned by two independent examiners, and the sensitivity and specificity of OCT in comparison with histopathology as well as intra- and interobserver consensus were calculated. A comparison of OCT with IVUS addressed the parameters: luminal area (LA), vascular wall area (VA) and plaque area (PA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  When comparing OCT and histopathology with respect to the differentiation of various plaque types, sensitivities of 81 % and specificities of 89 % for fibrous plaques, of 100 % and 93 % for lipid-rich plaques and of 80 % and 89 % for calcified plaques were achieved (overall correlation 83 %). Intra- and interobserver consensus was very high (kappa = 0.86 and kappa = 0.89, p < 0.001, respectively). There was also a high correlation between quantitative measurements (Bland-Altman plot [LA]: mean bias, 0.1 mm(2) accuracy +/- 1.8 mm(2), r = 0.95 [p < 0.001] Bland-Altman plot [VA]: mean bias, 0.3 mm(2) accuracy +/- 2.3 mm(2), r = 0.94 [p < 0.001] Bland-Altman plot [PA]: mean bias, 0.4 mm(2) accuracy +/- 2.3 mm(2), r = 0.80 [p < 0.01].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  OCT allows the differentiation of atherosclerotic plaque types in crural arteries with high accuracy compared to histopathology. Quantitative measurements show a high correlation with IVUS, the current reference standard.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Klinische Radiologie, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München. oliver.meissner@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Meissner
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Rieber
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Babaryka
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oswald
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Reim
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Siebert
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Redel
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Eibel
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Mueller-Lisse
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reiser
authors.forename: U G
authors.initials: UG
authors.lastname: Mueller-Lisse
mesh_terms: D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000145:classification* / Q000473:pathology*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007866:Leg / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D041623:Tomography, Optical Coherence / Q000379:methods*