title: Activation of c-Jun N-terminal kinases by ribotoxic stresses.
abstract: The c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNKs) are classic stress-activated protein kinases. Many cellular stresses have been shown to stimulate JNK activation. In this review, we focus on ribotoxic stresses based on their multiple biological potencies including anti-HIV-1 activity. Some of the functions of ribotoxins and the signaling transduction pathway that mediated are mentioned. Different from other stimulators, ribotoxic stresses act on special motifs of 28S rRNA in translationally active mammal ribosomes. Binding and damaging on the motif leads to JNK activation and subsequently biological response to the signal initiator, which is named ribotoxic stress response.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of Animal Models and Human Diseases Mechanisms, and Laboratory of Molecular Immunopharmacology, Kunming Institute of Zoology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650223, China.
authors.forename: Dong Yun
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Ouyang
authors.forename: Yuan Yuan
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yong Tang
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Zheng
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D006678:HIV / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S / Q000235:genetics; D012270:Ribosomes / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D012339:RNA, Ribosomal, 28S; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases