title: Quality of life after growth hormone therapy and induced puberty in women with Turner syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate health-related quality of life (HRQoL) in young women with Turner syndrome (TS) after long-term growth hormone (GH) therapy and induced puberty and to analyze whether HRQoL was influenced by auxologic parameters, pubertal development, or subjective parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study group comprised 49 women with TS, mean (standard deviation) age 19.6 (+/-3.0) years, all former participants of 2 GH studies, > or =6 months after GH discontinuation. Puberty was induced by estrogen treatment, at mean age 12.9 (+/-1.1) years. HRQoL was measured by self-reports of the 2 generic questionnaires, SF36 and TAAQOL. As an additional source of information on HRQoL, we applied parental proxy reports.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HRQoL of the women with TS was normal. Remarkably, the women with TS had higher HRQoL scores on some of the scales, including "social functioning" and "role-emotional." Satisfaction with height and breast development had a positive influence on several HRQoL scales.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The young women with TS who reached normal height and had age-appropriate pubertal development reported normal HRQoL. The relatively high scores on some of the HRQoL scales can be explained by an estrogen effect or by a possible response shift, indicating a different internal reference in women with TS. We hypothesize that GH and estrogen treatment positively influenced HRQoL in young women with TS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Division of Endocrinology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. e.bannink@tiscali.nl
authors.forename: Ellen M N
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Bannink
authors.forename: Hein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Raat
authors.forename: Paul G H
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Mulder
authors.forename: Sabine M P F
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: de Muinck Keizer-Schrama
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004967:Estrogens / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy; D006801:Humans; D011627:Puberty / Q000187:drug effects*; D011628:Puberty, Delayed / Q000188:drug therapy; D011788:Quality of Life; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014424:Turner Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D004967:Estrogens; D013006:Growth Hormone