title: Human immunodeficiency virus types 1 and 2 have different replication kinetics in human primary macrophage culture.
abstract: This study compares the replication of primary isolates of human immunodeficiency virus type 2 (HIV-2) and type 1 (HIV-1) in monocyte-derived macrophages (MDMs). Eleven HIV-2 and five HIV-1 primary isolates that use CCR5, CXCR4 or both coreceptors to enter cells were included. Regardless of coreceptor preference, 10 of 11 HIV-2 viruses could enter, reverse transcribe and produce fully infectious virus in MDMs with efficiency equal to that in peripheral blood mononuclear cells. However, the kinetics of replication of HIV-2 compared with HIV-1 over time were distinct. HIV-2 had a burst of virus replication 2 days after infection that resolved into an apparent 'latent state' at day 3. HIV-1, however, continued to produce infectious virions at a lower, but steady, rate throughout the course of infection. These results may have implications for the lower pathogenesis and viral-load characteristics of HIV-2 infection.
authors.affiliation: Wohl Virion Centre, Windeyer Institute of Medical Sciences, University College London, 46 Cleveland Street, London W1T 4JF, UK.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Marchant
authors.affiliation: Wohl Virion Centre, Windeyer Institute of Medical Sciences, University College London, 46 Cleveland Street, London W1T 4JF, UK.
authors.forename: Stuart J D
authors.initials: SJD
authors.lastname: Neil
authors.affiliation: Wohl Virion Centre, Windeyer Institute of Medical Sciences, University College London, 46 Cleveland Street, London W1T 4JF, UK.
authors.forename: Áine
authors.initials: Á
authors.lastname: McKnight
mesh_terms: D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D015498:HIV-2 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008264:Macrophages / Q000821:virology*; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4 / Q000502:physiology; D015728:Receptors, HIV / Q000502:physiology*; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D019713:Receptors, CCR5; D019718:Receptors, CXCR4; D015728:Receptors, HIV