title: Connective tissue panniculitis in a child with vitiligo and Hashimoto's thyroiditis.
abstract: SUMMARY A 9-year-old girl presented with a 6-month history of inflamed tender nodules in the pretibial area. These eventually healed leaving depressed areas of atrophy and loss of subcutaneous tissue. Histology showed a predominantly lymphocytic lobular panniculitis, consistent with connective tissue panniculitis. Investigations revealed an elevated thyroid stimulating hormone, elevated thyroid antiperoxidase antibody and a weakly positive antinuclear antibody (titre 1 in 40). She was commenced on hydroxychloroquine 300 mg daily, which resulted in resolution of the panniculitis. She developed focal vitiligo on the thighs. This gradually improved with 0.1% mometasone furoate ointment. The hydroxychloroquine dose was tapered to 200 mg daily after 12 months, then to 100 mg daily after 18 months therapy. Her thyroid autoantibody levels continued to rise and the hydroxychloroquine was increased again to 300 mg daily. She became borderline hypothyroid. Hashimoto's thyroiditis was diagnosed. Thyroxine was instituted with a resultant improvement in her thyroid blood tests. The lipoatrophy has not developed further during 2-year follow up.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Mater Adult Hospital, South Brisbane, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. jemimafisher@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Basit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Mirza
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Muir
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Peake
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Whitehead
mesh_terms: D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D002648:Child; D003238:Connective Tissue / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D006886:Hydroxychloroquine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D015434:Panniculitis / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D013967:Thyroiditis, Autoimmune / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy; D013974:Thyroxine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014820:Vitiligo / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy
chemical_list: D006886:Hydroxychloroquine; D013974:Thyroxine