title: Dependent population dynamics between chironomids (nonbiting midges) and Vibrio cholerae.
abstract: Vibrio cholerae, the causative agent of cholera, is a natural inhabitant of the aquatic ecosystem. Chironomid (nonbiting midges) egg masses were recently found to harbour V. cholerae non-O1 and non-O139, providing a natural reservoir for the cholera bacterium. Chironomid populations and the presence of V. cholerae in chironomid egg masses were monitored. All V. cholerae isolates were able to degrade chironomid egg masses. The following virulence associated genes were detected in the bacterial isolates: hapA (100%), toxR (100%), hlyA (72%) and ompU (28%). The chironomid populations and the V. cholerae in their egg masses followed the phenological succession and interaction of host-pathogen population dynamics. A peak in the chironomid population was followed by a peak in the V. cholerae population. If such a connection is further substantiated for the pathogenic serogroups of V. cholerae in endemic areas of the disease, it may lead to a better understanding of the role of chironomids as a host for the cholera bacterium.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Science Education, University of Haifa, Oranim, Tivon, Israel. mhalpern@research.haifa.ac.il
authors.forename: Malka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Halpern
authors.forename: Dina
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Raats
authors.forename: Revital
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lavion
authors.forename: Shacham
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mittler
mesh_terms: D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D002683:Chironomidae / Q000382:microbiology*; D002771:Cholera / Q000517:prevention & control; D004197:Disease Reservoirs / Q000382:microbiology*; D017753:Ecosystem; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005798:Genes, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; D007557:Israel; D010063:Ovum / Q000382:microbiology; D013045:Species Specificity; D014734:Vibrio cholerae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*
chemical_list: D018829:Adhesins, Bacterial; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D006460:Hemolysin Proteins; C096349:OmpU protein, Vibrio cholerae; C084287:hlyA protein, Vibrio cholerae