title: Loss of Pnn expression attenuates expression levels of SR family splicing factors and modulates alternative pre-mRNA splicing in vivo.
abstract: SR and SR-related proteins have been implicated as trans-acting factors that play an important role in splice selection and are involved at specific stages of spliceosome formation. A well-established property of SR protein splicing factors is their ability to influence selection of alternative splice sites in a concentration-dependent manner. Identification of molecules that regulate SR family protein expression is therefore of vital importance in RNA biology. Here we report that depletion of Pnn expression, a SR-related protein with functions involved in pre-mRNA splicing and mRNA export, induces reduced expression of a subset of cellular proteins, especially that of SR family proteins, including SC35, SRm300, SRp55, and SRp40, but not that of other nuclear proteins, such as p53, Mdm2, and ki67. Knocking down Pnn expression was achieved in vitro by siRNA transfection. Expression levels of SR and SR-related proteins in Pnn-depleted cells as compared to those in control cells were evaluated by immunofluorescent staining and Western blot with specific antibodies. In addition, we also demonstrate that loss of Pnn expression could modulate splice site selection of model reporter gene in vivo. Our finding is significant in terms of regulation of SR protein cellular concentration because it reveals that Pnn may play a general role in the control of the cellular amount of family SR proteins through down-regulation of its own expression, thereby providing us with a better understanding of the cellular mechanism by which Pnn fulfills its biological function.
authors.affiliation: Epithelial Biology Laboratory, Department of Anatomy, Chang Gung University Medical College, Taoyuan 333, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Yali
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Pin
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ouyang
mesh_terms: D017398:Alternative Splicing; D000818:Animals; D001665:Binding Sites; D015153:Blotting, Western; D019556:COS Cells; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D015536:Down-Regulation; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000096:biosynthesis; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000737:chemistry; D010750:Phosphoproteins / Q000737:chemistry; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2 / Q000378:metabolism; D012313:RNA / Q000737:chemistry; D034622:RNA Interference; D012326:RNA Splicing; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; D000068103:Serine-Arginine Splicing Factors; D014162:Transfection; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D017931:DNA Primers; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; C102646:PNN protein, human; D010750:Phosphoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D016601:RNA-Binding Proteins; C489470:SRSF6 protein, human; C495901:TP53 protein, human; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D000068103:Serine-Arginine Splicing Factors; D012313:RNA; D051736:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-mdm2