title: Residual pelvic lymph node involvement after concomitant chemoradiation for locally advanced cervical cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Concomitant chemoradiation (and brachytherapy) has become the standard treatment for locally advanced cervical cancers (FIGO stage IB2 to IVA). Adjuvant surgery is optional. The aim of this study was to evaluate the rate of residual positive pelvic lymph nodes after chemoradiation.
  
  
  METHODS
  From February 1988 to August 2004, 113 patients with locally advanced cervical cancer have been treated by chemoradiation followed by an adjuvant surgery with a pelvic lymphadenectomy performed (study group). A para-aortic lymphadenectomy had also been performed in 85 of them.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean age of the patients was 48.4 years (27-74). FIGO stage was: IB2 in 17.7% (20/113), II in 44.2% (50/113), III in 21.2% (24/113) and IVA in 16.8% of the patients (19/113). The mean number of removed nodes was 11.5 (median 11) in pelvic, and 7.5 (median 7) in para-aortic basins. A pelvic lymph node involvement was present in 15.9% (18/113) of the patients after chemoradiation. In 11 patients, only one node was positive. 11.7% (10/85) of the patients had a para-aortic lymph node involvement. A residual pelvic lymph node disease has been observed in 6.3% (4/63) of the cases with no residual cervical disease (or microscopic) versus 26.5% (13/49) of the cases with macroscopic residual cervical tumor (P = 0.003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our experience shows that a pelvic lymph node involvement persists in about 16% of the patients after chemoradiation. We can make the assumption that performing a pelvic lymphadenectomy along with the removal of the primary tumor after chemoradiation could reduce the rate of latero-pelvic recurrences, whatever the para-aortic lymph node status.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Institut Paoli-Calmettes, 232 Bd Sainte Marguerite, 13009 Marseille, France.
authors.forename: Gilles
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Houvenaeghel
authors.forename: Loic
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Lelievre
authors.forename: Anne-Laure
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Rigouard
authors.forename: Max
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Buttarelli
authors.forename: Jocelyne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jacquemier
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Viens
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gonzague-Casabianca
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001918:Brachytherapy; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000628:therapy*