title: Diagnosis of polycystic ovaries by three-dimensional transvaginal ultrasound.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study diagnostic thresholds for polycystic ovary (PCO).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Normoandrogenic ovulatory women and patients with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Two-dimensional (2D) and three-dimensional (3D) transvaginal ultrasound.
  
  
  METHODS
  The mean follicle number per ovary (FNPO) of both ovaries and the maximum number follicles in a single sonographic plane (FSSP) of either ovary were determined using 3D transvaginal ultrasound. Ovarian volume was determined using 2D transvaginal ultrasound.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twenty-nine normoandrogenic ovulatory women were compared with 10 patients with PCOS. Diagnostic thresholds for PCO with 100% specificity as determined by receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curves were > or =20 for mean FNPO, > or =10 for maximum FSSP, and > or =13 cm3 for ovarian volume. Both 2D and 3D transvaginal ultrasound were highly accurate in the diagnosis of PCO as determined by areas under the curve (AUC) that were >90% for all three measures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Mean FNPO and maximum FSSP by 3D transvaginal ultrasound have comparable high accuracy for diagnosis of PCO. The diagnostic threshold with 100% specificity for mean FNPO is > or =20, which is greater than suggested by the Rotterdam Consensus Workshop in 2003. Use of the consensus standard, consequently, may result in overdiagnosis of PCO. A threshold of > or =20 mean FNPO using 3D transvaginal ultrasound may be appropriate to minimize false-positive diagnoses of PCO.
authors.affiliation: Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minnesota, USA. allemand.michael@mayo.edu
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Allemand
authors.forename: Ian S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Tummon
authors.forename: Jennifer L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Phy
authors.forename: Shu C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Foong
authors.forename: Daniel A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Dumesic
authors.forename: Donna R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Session
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D014621:Vagina