title: [Dermatitis and eosinophilia in a 9-year-old girl from Congo: putative onchodermatitis].
abstract: Onchocercosis or riverblindness, caused by the filaria ochnocerca volvulus, is endemic in many countries of central and Western Africa. Symptoms of the disease can occur years after the infection, chronic itching dermatitis is the first sign, without treatment blindness may develop after years. Onchodermatitis is a hyperreactive course of onchocercosis with massive eosinophilia and elevated IgE, which suppresses a microfilarial spread through the body. Here, we report about the case of an 9-year-old girl who immigrated from the republic of Congo at the age of seven and has been living in Germany for more than two years. Presumably she suffered from onchodermatitis. She presented papular, indurated and itching skin lesions with pigmentary changes, predominantly located at the limbs. Remarkable results of blood tests were 11,000/microl (60 %) eosinophils and IgE 28 000 KU/l, ECP > 200 mg/l, without a history of atopic diseases. HIV, Strongylosis and Loa Loa were excluded. Anti filaria antibodies were detected in a concentration of 51 AKE, microscopy of skin samples failed to detect the parasites. After a single dose of Ivermectin the dermatitis improved, after two weeks the itching was absent, results of repeated blood tests tend to normalize in the following months. Due to the long lifespan of filaria in humans, the disease occurs years after infection in endemic areas. The differential diagnosis for itching skin lesions with high eosinophils in children from developing countries should include onchocercosis.
authors.affiliation: Klinik I für Kinder und Jugendmedizin, Klinikum der Johann-Wolfgang-Goethe-Universität Frankfurt am Main.
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Wittekindt
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kitz
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Schöfer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hoerauf
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zielen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D003223:Congo / Q000208:ethnology; D003872:Dermatitis / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D003906:Developing Countries; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D019353:Endemic Diseases; D004802:Eosinophilia / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology*; D004804:Eosinophils; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D017181:Onchocerca volvulus; D009855:Onchocerciasis / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012876:Skin Diseases, Parasitic / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*
chemical_list: D007073:Immunoglobulin E