title: Dose-response relation between physical activity and sick leave.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the dose-response relation between moderate and vigorous physical activity and sick leave in a working population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were used from three large Dutch databases: two continuous, cross sectional surveys among a representative sample of the Dutch population and one prospective cohort study. A distinction was made between duration, frequency and intensity of physical activity. The outcome measure was the number of days of sick leave. Analyses of variance were used to compare sick leave (in days) for workers with different amounts of physical activity, in particular workers meeting the physical activity recommendations v those who did not. Linear and logistic regression analyses were used to obtain effect estimates in the prospective cohort study, with the generalised estimating equation (GEE) method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No relation was found between moderate physical activity and sick leave. In two databases, workers meeting the recommendation of vigorous physical activity (active at a vigorous level for at least three times a week) had significantly less sick leave: more than one day over two months and more than four days over a year. The duration of vigorous physical activity was not associated with sick leave.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Physical activity at a vigorous intensity level for at least three times a week, as in the CDC/ACSM recommendation, has a positive effect on sick leave.
authors.affiliation: Body@Work, Research Centre for Physical Activity, Work and Health, TNO-VUmc, Amsterdam, Netherlands. ki.proper@vumc.nl
authors.forename: K I
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Proper
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: van den Heuvel
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: De Vroome
authors.forename: V H
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Hildebrandt
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Van der Beek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D018582:Sick Leave / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*