Nurses' response to pain communication from patients: a post-test experimental study.
BACKGROUND
Inadequate communication about pain can result in increased pain for patients.


OBJECTIVE
The purpose of the current pilot study was to test how nurses respond when patients use their own words, a pain intensity scale, or both to communicate pain.


METHODS
A post-test only experimental design was used with three pain description conditions, personal and numeric; personal only; numeric only.


METHODS
The setting included six hospitals and one school of nursing located in the northeastern United States.


METHODS
PARTICIPANTS included 122 registered medical surgical nurses.


METHODS
Nurses were randomly assigned to condition, and read a vignette about a trauma patient with moderately severe pain. The vignettes were identical except for the patient's pain description and age. The nurses then wrote how they would respond to the patient's pain. Two blind raters content analyzed the responses, giving nurses one point for including each of six a priori criteria derived from the Acute Pain Management Panel [1992. Acute Pain Management: operative or medical procedures and trauma. Clinical practice guideline (AHCPR Publication No. 92-0032)., Rockville, MD, USA] and the American Pain Society [2003. Principles of analgesic use in the treatment of acute pain and cancer pain, Glenville, IL, USA].


RESULTS
Nurses planned similar numbers of pain management strategies across the three conditions, with a mean of 2.1 (SD=1.14) strategies out of the recommended six.


CONCLUSIONS
Nurses did not respond with more pain management strategies when patients describe pain in their own words, or in their own words and a pain intensity scale. The relatively small number of pain management strategies planned by the nurses suggests that nurses use few strategies to respond to moderately severe pain problems.
McDonald
Deborah Dillon
DD
University of Connecticut School of Nursing, 231 Glenbrook Road, Storrs, CT 06269, USA. Deborah.mcdonald@uconn.edu
Laporta
Matthew
M
Meadows-Oliver
Mikki
M
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002983:Clinical Competence / Q000592:standards; D003142:Communication; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009511:New England; D024802:Nurse's Role / Q000523:psychology; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D009730:Nursing Assessment / Q000379:methods; D015403:Nursing Evaluation Research; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000193:education / Q000523:psychology*; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000451:nursing* / Q000523:psychology; D010147:Pain Measurement / Q000379:methods* / Q000451:nursing / Q000523:psychology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012660:Semantics; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires