title: Residual gastric fluid volume and chewing gum before surgery.
abstract: In this study we sought to determine if chewing gum preoperatively increases gastric fluid volume (GFV) and changes gastric acidity. Children, 5-17 yr old, were randomized to one of three groups: a control group that was not given any gum, a group that was given sugarless bubble gum, and a group that was given sugared bubble gum. Patients in the two gum groups were instructed to chew their gum for a period of 30 min. After induction of anesthesia and tracheal intubation, the stomach was suctioned with a salem sump orogastric tube. We found that children who did not chew gum had significantly smaller GFV as compared with children who chewed sugared and sugarless gum (0.35 [0.2-0.5] mL/kg versus 0.88 [0.6-1.4] mL/kg versus 0.69 [0.4-1.6] mL/kg; P = 0.0001). Children who did not chew gum also had a significantly lower gastric fluid pH as compared with children chewing sugared and sugarless gum (geometric mean, 1.91 versus 2.25 versus 2.19; P = 0.007). We conclude that children who present for surgery while chewing gum have significantly larger GFV and higher pH.
authors.affiliation: Center for the Advancement of Perioperative Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut 06520-8051, USA. renate.schoenfelder@yale.edu
authors.forename: Renate C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Schoenfelder
authors.forename: Chandra M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Ponnamma
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Freyle
authors.forename: Shu-Ming
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Zeev N
authors.initials: ZN
authors.lastname: Kain
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002638:Chewing Gum; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005745:Gastric Acidity Determination; D005766:Gastrointestinal Contents; D006801:Humans; D011300:Preoperative Care; D013270:Stomach; D013549:Sweetening Agents
chemical_list: D002638:Chewing Gum; D013549:Sweetening Agents