title: Changes in antimicrobial susceptibility of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolated from pigs in Spain during the last decade.
abstract: A total of 229 Spanish Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae isolates recovered from diseased pigs with pleuropneumonia from 1997 to 2004 was tested for their susceptibility to 11 antimicrobials in a broth microdilution method. All the isolates were susceptible to florfenicol and most of them to cephalothin; however, a high rate of resistance was observed to tetracycline. A bimodal or multimodal distribution of isolates over the MIC range were observed for penicillins, tetracycline, trimethoprim, sulfisoxazole and nalidixic acid, suggesting the development of acquired resistance. Eight resistance patterns were established, and 21.1% of the isolates were resistant to at least two antimicrobials. In addition, a considerable increase in the resistance to tetracyclines was observed during the last decade in Spain, when compared with other A. pleuropneumoniae strains isolated during 1987-1988 (Gutiérrez, C.B., Píriz, S., Vadillo, S., Rodríguez Ferri, E.F., 1993. In vitro susceptibility of Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae strains to 42 antimicrobial agents. Am. J. Vet. Res. 54, 546-550); this finding was also observed for gentamicin in minor percentage.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Sanidad Animal, Unidad de Microbiología e Inmunología, Facultad de Veterinaria, Universidad de León, 24007-León, Spain. dsacgm@unileon.es
authors.forename: César B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Gutiérrez-Martín
authors.forename: Noemí García
authors.initials: NG
authors.lastname: del Blanco
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Blanco
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Navas
authors.forename: Elías F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Ferri
mesh_terms: D000189:Actinobacillus Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D016977:Actinobacillus pleuropneumoniae / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial / Q000662:veterinary; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests / Q000662:veterinary; D012703:Serotyping / Q000662:veterinary; D013030:Spain; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents