title: Postoperative blood loss predicts the development of urinary extravasation on cystogram following radical retropubic prostatectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We determined if the degree of postoperative bleeding predicts the extent of urinary extravasation on initial postoperative cystogram.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between October 2000 to June 2004, 879 men underwent radical retropubic prostatectomy performed by a single surgeon. Of these men 97% underwent the initial postoperative cystogram 3 to 8 days following radical prostatectomy. Postoperative bleeding was expressed as the absolute change in hematocrit between hematocrit values measured immediately upon arrival into the recovery room and hospital discharge. Three hematocrit points were added to the change in postoperative hematocrit for every unit of blood transfused postoperatively. The relationship between the change in postoperative hematocrit and the extent of extravasation was examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  None, mild, moderate and marked extravasation was observed on the initial cystogram in 82.7%, 7.9%, 8.8% and 0.6% of cases, respectively. A significant relationship was observed between changes in postoperative hematocrit and the extent of extravasation on initial cystography (p <0.001). Postoperative changes in absolute hematocrit points of less than 2, 2 to 6 and greater than 6 identified clinically meaningful risk groups for urinary extravasation. The degree of extravasation was not significantly related to risk of anastomotic stricture or urinary incontinence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The extent of postoperative bleeding predicts the extent of urinary extravasation on initial cystography. It may be a useful measurement for identifying men who can safely undergo early catheter removal without cystography.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York, USA.
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Fenig
authors.forename: Denisa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Slova
authors.forename: Herbert
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lepor
mesh_terms: D005119:Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications*; D011468:Prostatectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D011859:Radiography; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D001745:Urinary Bladder Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology*