title: Two drug interaction studies evaluating the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of pemetrexed when coadministered with aspirin or Ibuprofen in patients with advanced cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pemetrexed is an antimetabolite that is structurally similar to methotrexate. Because nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID) impair methotrexate clearance and increase its toxicity, we evaluated the pharmacokinetics and toxicity of pemetrexed when coadministered with aspirin or ibuprofen in advanced cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  In two independent, randomized, crossover drug interaction studies, cancer patients with a creatinine clearance (CrCl) > or =60 mL/min received an NSAID (aspirin or ibuprofen) with either the first or the second dose of pemetrexed (cycle 1 or 2). Pemetrexed (500 mg/m(2)) was infused i.v. on day 1 of a 21-day cycle, and all patients were supplemented with oral folic acid and i.m. vitamin B(12). Aspirin (325 mg) or ibuprofen (400 mg; 2 x 200 mg) was given orally every 6 hours, starting 2 days before pemetrexed administration, with the ninth and final dose taken 1 hour before infusion. Pemetrexed pharmacokinetics with and without concomitant NSAID treatment were compared for cycles 1 and 2.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Data from 27 patients in each study were evaluable for the analysis of pemetrexed pharmacokinetics. Coadministration of aspirin did not alter pemetrexed pharmacokinetics; however, ibuprofen coadministration was associated with a 16% reduction in clearance, a 15% increase in maximum plasma concentration, and a 20% increase in area under the plasma concentration versus time curve but no significant change in V(ss) compared with pemetrexed alone. No febrile neutropenia occurred in any patient, and no increase in pemetrexed-related toxicity was associated with NSAID administration.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pemetrexed (500 mg/m(2)) with vitamin supplementation is well tolerated and requires no dosage adjustment when coadministered with aspirin (in patients with CrCl > or =60 mL/min) or ibuprofen (in patients with CrCl > or =80 mL/min).
authors.affiliation: Indiana University Cancer Center, Indianapolis, IN, USA.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Sweeney
authors.forename: Chris H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Takimoto
authors.forename: Jane E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Latz
authors.forename: Sharyn D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Baker
authors.forename: Daryl J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Murry
authors.forename: James H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Krull
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fife
authors.forename: Linda
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Battiato
authors.forename: Ann
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cleverly
authors.forename: Ajai K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Chaudhary
authors.forename: Tuhin
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chaudhuri
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sandler
authors.forename: Alain C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Mita
authors.forename: Eric K
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Rowinsky
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D001241:Aspirin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005971:Glutamates / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D006147:Guanine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity; D006801:Humans; D007052:Ibuprofen / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity; D008297:Male; D008657:Metabolic Clearance Rate; D008875:Middle Aged; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D000068437:Pemetrexed; D013940:Thymidylate Synthase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D005971:Glutamates; D000068437:Pemetrexed; D006147:Guanine; D003404:Creatinine; D013940:Thymidylate Synthase; D001241:Aspirin; D007052:Ibuprofen