title: 3.0- Versus 1.5-T MR cholangiography: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of our study was to evaluate quantitative and qualitative image quality of MR cholangiography at a field strength of 3.0 T compared with the standard field strength of 1.5 T.
  
  
  METHODS
  A standardized MR cholangiography sequence protocol was used for 15 healthy male volunteers (mean age +/- SD, 32.4 +/- 4.3 years) who underwent both 1.5- and 3.0-T MRI within 2 hr in an alternating fashion. Dedicated circular polarized torso coils (1.5 and 3.0 T) were used. The sequence protocol included breath-hold single-slice rapid acquisition with relaxation enhancement (slice thickness, 50 mm; orientation, coronal and +/- 20 degrees oblique coronal); breath-hold multislice HASTE (slice thickness, 3 mm; coronal only); and a non-breath-hold, respiratory-triggered 3D turbo spin-echo (TSE) T2-weighted sequence (slice thickness, 1 mm; 60 slices per slab; coronal only). Maximum intensity projections were generated from each multislice data set. Bile duct (common bile duct, right posterior segmental branch, and left hepatic duct) to periductal tissue contrast-to-noise ratios were compared at 1.5 and 3.0 T. Qualitative image analysis was performed by three independent reviewers. Qualitative analysis included delineation of the extra- and intrahepatic biliary anatomy, with specific attention given to the presence (or absence) of cystic or intrahepatic ductal variants, using a 4-point confidence scale. Statistical analysis consisted of the paired Student's t test and the signed rank test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Contrast-to-noise ratios between the bile duct and the periductal tissue were higher at 3.0 T in all three locations (common bile duct, right posterior segmental branch, and left hepatic duct). In each magnet class, the 3D TSE sequence offered the best contrast-to-noise ratio and qualitative analysis. Superiority of the 3D TSE sequence was statistically significant in all analyses. Five of the 15 volunteers had intrahepatic biliary variants that were detected with a higher level of confidence (p < 0.01) on the 3.0-T system than on the 1.5-T system.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with MR cholangiography at 1.5 T, MR cholangiography at 3.0 T offers improved contrast-to-noise ratio and a higher level of confidence for depicting intrahepatic variants.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Duke University Medical Center, Duke North, Rm. 1417, Erwin Rd., Durham, NC 27710, USA. elmar.merkle@duke.edu
authors.forename: E M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Merkle
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Haugan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: T A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Jaffe
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gullotto
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D049448:Cholangiopancreatography, Magnetic Resonance / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008297:Male; D010865:Pilot Projects