title: Adult rhabdomyosarcoma in the nasal and paranasal sinuses showing complete local response to a combination of chemotherapy and radiotherapy using 3D-CRT and IMRT.
abstract: We report on a 69-year-old woman with rhabdomyosarcoma arising from the nasal and paranasal sinuses. She was referred to our hospital with a reduced ability to smell and impaired bilateral vision, narrowing of the visual field, and left facial pain. Computed tomography (CT) revealed a large tumor in the nasal and left paranasal sinuses invading the left orbital cavity and anterior skull base, and lymph node swellings in the submental and left accessory nerve areas. A biopsy specimen from the nasal tumor was diagnosed histologically as a rhabdomyosarcoma, alveolar type. Because the intracranial direct invasion and distant metastases to the thoracic spine were suspected by pretreatment examination, our case was determined to be inoperable by a head and neck surgeon. Radiotherapy with a total dose of 60 Gy was carried out to control the primary disease. The three-dimensional conformal radiotherapy (3D-CRT) and intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) techniques were used in order to reduce the doses to risk organs. Combined with radiotherapy, chemotherapy was also performed for the treatment of lymph-node metastases and distant diseases. After the treatment was completed, the primary tumor and lymph-node metastases disappeared completely; there was no sign of re-growth during the follow-up period. Chemoradiotherapy may be an effective treatment also for inoperable adult rhabdomyosarcoma in the head and neck region. Furthermore, the 3D-CRT and IMRT techniques are both useful methods of radiotherapy for this disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Emi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Muto
authors.forename: Yoshiyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shioyama
authors.forename: Katsumasa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Saiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ohga'
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nomoto
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toba
authors.forename: Tadamasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yoshitake
authors.forename: Hiroyasu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Soeda
authors.forename: Hiromi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Terashima
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Honda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000008:administration & dosage; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D010255:Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D020266:Radiotherapy, Conformal / Q000379:methods*; D050397:Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated / Q000379:methods*; D012208:Rhabdomyosarcoma / Q000556:secondary / Q000628:therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D003609:Dactinomycin; D014750:Vincristine; D003520:Cyclophosphamide