title: Ganoderma lucidum causes apoptosis in leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma cells.
abstract: Over many centuries, herbal remedies have treated a variety of ailments. This empiric observational approach has produced a number of leads for formulated medicines. Ganoderma lucidum extract was screened for its anti-proliferative activity using a panel of 26 human cancer cell lines. The six most sensitive hematologic cell lines were: HL-60 (ED50 26 microg/ml), U937 (63 microg/ml), K562 (50 microg/ml), Blin-1 (38 microg/ml), Nalm-6 (30 microg/ml) and RPMI8226 (40 microg/ml). Cell cycle analyses revealed a G2/M arrest, most prominently in HL-60 cells. Four hematopoietic cell lines (HL-60, Blin-1, U937, RPMI8226) were examined for apoptosis, which ranged between 21 and 92%. After exposure to G. lucidum extract, HL-60 cells became multinucleated with an increased DNA content. These results indicate that G. lucidum extract has a profound activity against leukemia, lymphoma and multiple myeloma cells and may be a novel adjunctive therapy for the treatment of hematologic malignancies.
authors.affiliation: Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, CA, United States. MullerCI@cshs.org
authors.forename: Claudia I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Müller
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kumagai
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: O'Kelly
authors.forename: Navindra P
authors.initials: NP
authors.lastname: Seeram
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Heber
authors.forename: H Phillip
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Koeffler
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D008223:Lymphoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009101:Multiple Myeloma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D020940:Reishi / Q000737:chemistry; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D050759:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p21; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27