title: Polymorphism of endothelial nitric oxide synthase gene in patients with erectile dysfunction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Endothelial-derived nitric oxide (NO), which is produced by endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) in response to increased blood flow, maintains the tumescence phase of erection. The eNOS gene is located on the seventh somatic chromosome and the polymorphism of this gene has been reported to cause changes in the structure of enzyme system, resulting in disturbance of its activity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this prospective study is to evaluate the relationship between polymorphism of eNOS gene and erectile dysfunction (ED).
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty patients with ED (mean age: 58.7 +/- 9.97, range: 39-74 years) and 25 voluntary controls (mean age: 56.44 +/- 7.58, range: 47-72 years) were enrolled to the study. Patients with ED were evaluated with International Index of Erectile Function (IIEF) questionnaire, routine blood tests for systemic vascular risk factors, and color Doppler ultrasonography while potency of the control group were only assessed with IIEF questionnaire. The presence of polymorphism of eNOS gene was determined in both groups by polymerase chain reaction in the fourth intron of the seventh somatic chromosome that encodes eNOS gene.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidences of diabetes mellitus and coronary artery disease were statistically higher in the ED group (P = 0.023 and 0.029, respectively) while mean IIEF score was significantly lower (P = 0.001). Evaluation with color Doppler ultrasonography revealed penile arterial insufficiency in six cases, cavernosal insufficiency in 19 cases, and mixed vascular insufficiency in five cases. The distributions of three eNOS genotypes (eNOS4b/b, eNOS4a/b, and eNOS4a/a) among ED patients and controls were similar (P > 0.05). However, eNOS4a/b genotype was statistically higher in diabetics (P = 0.042). Also, 80% of the patients with severe ED and 54.5% of the diabetic patients with ED had eNOS4a/b genotype.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In our study, no correlation was detected between the polymorphism of eNOS gene and ED. However, 80% of the patients with severe ED and 54.5% of the diabetic patients with ED had eNOS4a/b genotype. Based on our data, it seems that diabetic patients with ED tend to have more eNOS4a/b genotype.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Haseki Teaching and Research Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey. ilhanerkan@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: Erkan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Erkan
authors.forename: Ahmet Yaser
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Muslumanoglu
authors.forename: Tayfun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oktar
authors.forename: Oner
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sanli
authors.forename: Uğur
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Ozbek
authors.forename: Ates
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kadioglu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003324:Coronary Artery Disease / Q000150:complications; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000201:enzymology*; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D018783:Impotence, Vasculogenic / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000209:etiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000235:genetics*; D010413:Penis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III