title: Specialty versus community hospitals: referrals, quality, and community benefits.
abstract: In this paper we compare physician referral patterns, quality, patient satisfaction, and community benefits of physician-owned specialty versus peer competitor hospitals. Our results are based on evidence gathered from site visits to six markets, 2003 Medicare claims, patient focus groups, and Internal Revenue Service data. Although physician-owners are more likely than others to refer to their own facilities and treat a healthier population, there are rationales for these patterns aside from motives for profit. Specialty hospitals provide generally high-quality care to satisfied patients. Uncompensated care plus specialty hospitals' taxes represent a greater burden, in percentage terms, than community benefits provided by nonprofit providers.
authors.affiliation: RTI International in Research Triangle Park, NC, USA. lgreenwald@rti.org
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Greenwald
authors.forename: Jerry
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cromwell
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Adamache
authors.forename: Shulamit
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bernard
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Drozd
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Root
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Devers
mesh_terms: D003159:Community-Institutional Relations; D004465:Economic Competition; D006764:Hospitals, Community / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006782:Hospitals, Special / Q000191:economics / Q000458:organization & administration*; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D010067:Ownership; D011787:Quality of Health Care; D012017:Referral and Consultation; D014481:United States