title: Cardiac steady-state free precession CINE magnetic resonance imaging at 3.0 tesla: impact of parallel imaging acceleration on volumetric accuracy and signal parameters.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We sought to evaluate the impact of 3.0 T on accelerated CINE steady-state free precession (SSFP) regarding signal parameters and its volumetric accuracy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten individuals underwent cardiac CINE imaging at 1.5 T and 3.0 T using standard single-slice CINE and multislice TSENSE-accelerated CINE (5 slices/breath-hold) with 4-fold acceleration. Data were evaluated for left ventricular volumetric parameters (EDV, ESV, and EF) as well as for SNR and CNR. Phantom based data allowed for g-factor evaluation for estimation of noise levels for accelerated data sets. Volumetric results and signal parameters were compared with results of single-slice CINE SSFP at 1.5 T as standard of reference (SOR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Single-slice CINE at 3.0 T showed a approximately 90% increase in CNR compared with the SOR (P < 0.001). At 3.0 T, TSENSE CINE showed a less pronounced estimated loss in CNR (-58 +/- 6%) compared with single-slice CINE than at 1.5 T (-71 +/- 2%). 3.0 T TSENSE CINE showed a 21 +/- 18% lower CNR than the nonaccelerated 1.5 T CINE (P < 0.05). EF results for all data sets did not show any significant error while for EDV some errors have been encountered.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  3.0 T permits compensation for the high CNR loss, which accompanies the 4-fold TSENSE acceleration at 1.5 T and shows volumetric accuracy. The use of parallel imaging may help to alleviate SAR limitations at higher field strength.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, University Hospitals, Grosshadern, Ludwig-Maximilians-University, Munich, Germany. bernd.wintersperger@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: Bernd J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Wintersperger
authors.forename: Kerstin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bauner
authors.forename: Scott B
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Reeder
authors.forename: Denise
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Friedrich
authors.forename: Olaf
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Dietrich
authors.forename: Katrin C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Sprung
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Picciolo
authors.forename: Konstantin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nikolaou
authors.forename: Maximilian F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Reiser
authors.forename: Stefan O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Schoenberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016477:Artifacts; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D006801:Humans; D019028:Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Cine / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted