title: High prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus in 78 myasthenia gravis patients: a clinical and serologic study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to define the prevalence of systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) in patients with myasthenia gravis (MG).
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-eight MG patients recruited unselectively from Israeli MG database were evaluated by medical history, physical examination and serology (ANA at 1:100 and anti-ds-DNA at 1:10 dilution) for the presence of SLE, which was defined by the presence of four or more American College of Rheumatology diagnostic criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-one (40%) of our patients were males and 47 (60%) were females. Their mean age at time of the study was 51.5 +/- 14.5 years. Forty patients (51%) had an early-onset disease (<40 years); 90% had generalized and 10% had limited ophthalmic MG. Significant titers of ANA and ds-DNA autoantibodies were observed in 38.5% and 19.2% of the patients. In six (7.7%), a definitive diagnosis of SLE was established (MG was first diagnosed; there was no association with previous thymectomy), three of them revealed lupus-related neurologic manifestations. All six patients were females with an early onset generalized MG.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High prevalence of SLE and lupus-related autoantibodies exist in female MG patients. Thus, MG patients should be evaluated for the coexistence of SLE, and assessment for MG is suggested in lupus patients with unexplained muscular weakness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine B. Clinical Immunology Allergy and AIDS Center, Kaplan Medical Center Rehovot, Israel. zev_s@clalit.org.il
authors.forename: Zev
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Sthoeger
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Neiman
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Elbirt
authors.forename: Hiedy
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zinger
authors.forename: Eli
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Magen
authors.forename: Rimona
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Burstein
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Eitan
authors.forename: Jakov
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Abarbanel
authors.forename: Edna
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mozes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear / Q000097:blood; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009157:Myasthenia Gravis / Q000150:complications*; D015995:Prevalence
chemical_list: D000974:Antibodies, Antinuclear