title: Plant stanol ascorbate esters reduce body weight gain through decreased energy absorption in hamsters.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to determine the effects of disodium ascorbyl phytostanyl phosphate (DAPP), a novel hydrophilic phytostanol analogue, on energy homeostasis, including body weight and intestinal energy absorption, and plasma triglyceride concentrations, in hamsters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male Golden Syrian hamsters (n = 50) were fed for 5 weeks with experimental diets varying in cholesterol and phytostanol content. Diets included (i) non-cholesterol (semipurified diet without added cholesterol), (ii) cholesterol-control (semipurified diet with 0.25% cholesterol), (iii) stanol (cholesterol-control with 1% free phytostanols), (iv) DAPP 0.7% (cholesterol-control with 0.71% DAPP) or (v) DAPP 1.4% (cholesterol-control with 1.43% DAPP). Fecal samples were collected continuously for 3 days on week 3, and fecal energy output was measured by bomb calorimetry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hamsters fed 1.4% DAPP gained less (P<0.05) weight than hamsters fed non-cholesterol and stanol diets. Diets had no effect on total food consumption or gross energy intake after 5 weeks, but lower (P<0.05) weekly food consumptions in hamsters fed 1.4% DAPP were observed at weeks 1 and 2 of the experiment in comparison to animals fed the non-cholesterol diet. In comparison to non-cholesterol and cholesterol-control diets, DAPP 1.4% increased (P<0.01) fecal energy output by 47 and 46%, respectively. In hamsters supplemented with 1.4% DAPP, plasma triglyceride concentrations were 45% lower (P<0.05) than in cholesterol-control fed hamsters. Furthermore, plasma triglyceride levels in the DAPP 1.4% group was 49% lower (P<0.01) than in the stanol group, despite the fact that both diets contained equivalent amounts of phytostanols. The lower concentration of DAPP (0.7%) also reduced plasma triglycerides (P<0.05) compared with the stanol diet.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stanol-ascorbate decreases body weight gain in hamsters, likely due to lower energy absorption at the intestinal level. In addition to its previously observed powerful cholesterol-lowering effect, DAPP has a hypotriglyceridemic function in hamsters.
authors.affiliation: School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, McGill University, Macdonald Campus, 21,111 Lakeshore, Ste-Anne-de-Bellevue, QC, Canada.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ebine
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Demonty
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Jia
authors.forename: P J H
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Jones
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002151:Calorimetry; D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006224:Cricetinae; D004038:Diet, Reducing; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008647:Mesocricetus; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011897:Random Allocation; D012855:Sitosterols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D002791:Cholesterol, Dietary; D000960:Hypolipidemic Agents; D010840:Phytosterols; D012855:Sitosterols; D014280:Triglycerides; C407042:plant stanol ester