title: Treatment with CO-RMs during cold storage improves renal function at reperfusion.
abstract: Low concentrations of carbon monoxide (CO) can protect tissues against ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury. We have recently identified a novel class of compounds, CO-releasing molecules (CO-RMs), which exert important pharmacological activities by carrying and delivering CO to biological systems. Here, we examined the possible beneficial effects of CO liberated from CO-RMs on the damage inflicted by cold storage and I-R in isolated perfused kidneys. Hemodynamic and biochemical parameters as well as mitochondrial respiration were measured in isolated perfused rabbit kidneys that were previously flushed with CO-RMs and stored at 4 degrees C for 24 h. Two water-soluble CO-RMs were tested: (1) sodium boranocarbonate (CORM-A1), a boron-containing carbonate that releases CO at a slow rate, and (2) tricarbonylchloro(glycinato)ruthenium(II) (CORM-3), a transition metal carbonyl that liberates CO very rapidly in solution. Kidneys flushed with Celsior solution supplemented with CO-RMs (50 microM) and stored at 4 degrees C for 24 h displayed at reperfusion a significantly higher perfusion flow rate (PFR), glomerular filtration rate, and sodium and glucose reabsorption rates compared to control kidneys flushed with Celsior solution alone. Addition of 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-alpha]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ), a guanylate cyclase inhibitor, prevented the increase in PFR mediated by CO-RMs. The respiratory control index from kidney mitochondria treated with CO-RMs was also markedly increased. Notably, renal protection was lost when kidneys were flushed with Celsior containing an inactive compound (iCO-RM), which had been deliberately depleted of CO. CO-RMs are effective therapeutic agents that deliver CO during kidney cold preservation and can be used to ameliorate vascular activity, energy metabolism and renal function at reperfusion.
authors.affiliation: Vascular Biology Unit, Department of Surgical Research, Northwick Park Institute for Medical Research, Harrow, Middlesex, UK.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sandouka
authors.forename: B J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Fuller
authors.forename: B E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Mann
authors.forename: C J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Foresti
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Motterlini
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002248:Carbon Monoxide / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003080:Cold Temperature; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D009926:Organ Preservation; D010069:Oxadiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000187:drug effects; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: C095284:1H-(1,2,4)oxadiazolo(4,3-a)quinoxalin-1-one; D010069:Oxadiazoles; D011810:Quinoxalines; D002248:Carbon Monoxide