title: [Development of an animal model of blood stasis syndrome and thrombosis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To develop an animal model of thrombosis and blood stasis syndrome in rats by using lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in combination with carrageenan (Ca).
  
  
  METHODS
  SD rats in control group were randomly divided into control group and model group (LPS/Ca treatment). The rats in model group were firstly treated with Ca ip, and followed by LPS iv sixteen hours later. The rats in control group were given normal saline (NS). The moment of LPS iv was served as 0 h for the observation. The ear microcirculation, blood rheology parameters (whole blood viscosity etab, plasma viscosity etap and platelet aggregation PA), cruor parameters (thrombin time TT, prothrombin time PT, and partial thromboplastin time APIT) and inflammation factors (TNFalpha, IL-6) were observed at different time after treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  LPS/Ca combinatory treatment can induce a stable and repeatable thrombosis animal model. The thrombus can be observed on the tails of rats by naked eyes, and can be quantitatively measured without necessary of autopsy. Obstacle in microcirculation, increase in whole blood viscosity (etab) and a change of platelets aggregation (PA) rate were observed after LPS/Ca treatment. Cruor parameters were significantly prolonged due to large consumption of cruor factors and platelets. The concentration of inflammation factors TNFalpha and IL-6 in blood was obviously increased at the early stage of the model. The results indicate that this animal model has the characteristics of blood stasis syndrome caused by pyrogen and toxin accompanied by thrombosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LPS/Ca combinatory treatment can induce a easily practicable and repeatable animal model characterized as thrombosis and blood stasis syndrome
authors.affiliation: Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China. liangaihua@sina.com
authors.forename: Ai-hua
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Xiao-shuang
authors.initials: XS
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: Wen
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Bao-yun
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Jin-hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hong-jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001778:Blood Coagulation Disorders / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced*; D001809:Blood Viscosity; D002351:Carrageenan; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008297:Male; D008833:Microcirculation; D010974:Platelet Aggregation; D011517:Prothrombin Time; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013918:Thrombin Time; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015850:Interleukin-6; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002351:Carrageenan