Comparative genomics of the endocrine systems in humans and chimpanzees with special reference to GNRH2 and UCN2 and their receptors.
To identify the genetic basis of the differences between chimpanzees and humans, it is indispensable to analyze a whole gene set constituting a particular regulatory system as well as to compare the whole genome or chromosomes randomly. We compared genes encoding hormones of the endocrine system, one of the most fundamental regulatory systems in organisms. The present study covered a total of 111 genes generating 115 precursors and 172 peptides. Decisive differences were observed in GNRH2 and UCN2 and their corresponding receptor genes. It is often postulated that mechanisms underlying the basic functions of life are common and would not be readily altered. The present study demonstrated that, on the contrary, substantial differences have been generated in genes composing the endocrine system, even between humans and our closest living relative.
Ikemoto
Tadahiro
T
Department of Biological Sciences, Graduate School of Science, The University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, 113-0033 Tokyo, Japan. tikemoto@infoseek.jp
Park
Min Kyun
MK
D000818:Animals; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000235:genetics*; D004703:Endocrine System; D023281:Genomics; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D002679:Pan troglodytes / Q000235:genetics*; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics*; D011966:Receptors, LHRH / Q000235:genetics*; D054832:Urocortins
D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D011966:Receptors, LHRH; C426705:UCN2 protein, human; D054832:Urocortins; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone