title: Optimized beta-galactosidase staining method for simultaneous detection of endogenous gene expression in early mouse embryos.
abstract: beta-Galactosidase (beta-gal) is one of the popular reporters for detecting the expression of endogenous or exogenous genes. Here we report 6-chloro-3-indoxyl-beta-D-galactopyranoside (S-gal) is more sensitive for beta-gal activity than 5-bromo-4-chloro-3-indolyl-beta-D-galactoside (X-gal), particularly during the early developmental stages of mouse embryos. Further, we successfully combined beta-gal staining with S-gal and in situ hybridization using DIG-labeled probes in both whole and sections of early stage embryos due to the sensitivity and color compatibility of S-gal.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Reproductive and Developmental Toxicology, National Institute of Environmental Health Sciences, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina, USA.
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kishigami
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Komatsu
authors.forename: Haruko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Aya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nomura-Kitabayashi
authors.forename: Yasutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamauchi
authors.forename: Kuniya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Ken-Ichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamamura
authors.forename: Yuji
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Mishina
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian / Q000201:enzymology*; D005260:Female; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D019426:Integrases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D013194:Staining and Labeling / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C045073:Cre recombinase; D019426:Integrases; D001616:beta-Galactosidase