title: New neurons follow the flow of cerebrospinal fluid in the adult brain.
abstract: In the adult brain, neuroblasts born in the subventricular zone migrate from the walls of the lateral ventricles to the olfactory bulb. How do these cells orient over such a long distance and through complex territories? Here we show that neuroblast migration parallels cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) flow. Beating of ependymal cilia is required for normal CSF flow, concentration gradient formation of CSF guidance molecules, and directional migration of neuroblasts. Results suggest that polarized epithelial cells contribute important vectorial information for guidance of young, migrating neurons.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery and Developmental and Stem Cell Biology Program, University of California San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA. sawamoto@sc.itc.keio.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kazunobu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sawamoto
authors.forename: Hynek
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wichterle
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gonzalez-Perez
authors.forename: Jeremy A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cholfin
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Spassky
authors.forename: Noel S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Murcia
authors.forename: Jose Manuel
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Garcia-Verdugo
authors.forename: Oscar
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Marin
authors.forename: John L R
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Rubenstein
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tessier-Lavigne
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okano
authors.forename: Arturo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alvarez-Buylla
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016380:Brain Tissue Transplantation; D002465:Cell Movement; D016764:Cell Polarity; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D002555:Cerebrospinal Fluid / Q000502:physiology*; D002831:Choroid Plexus / Q000378:metabolism; D002923:Cilia / Q000502:physiology; D004805:Ependyma / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000502:physiology; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D051379:Mice; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D000098552:Slit Homolog 2 Protein
chemical_list: D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; D000098552:Slit Homolog 2 Protein