title: Bordetella adenylate cyclase toxin: a swift saboteur of host defense.
abstract: Bordetella that infect mammals produce a multifunctional repeat in toxin (RTX) adenylate cyclase toxin known as CyaA, an excellent example of bacterial sophistication in subverting host defense. Recent reports show that interaction of CyaA with tracheal epithelial cells aids adhesion of Bordetella to ciliated mucosa and induces production of the pro-inflammatory cytokine interleukin, IL-6. Myeloid phagocytes, attracted to the site of infection are the target of freshly secreted CyaA that binds to the alpha(M)beta2 integrin (CD11b/CD18), penetrates cells and promptly suppresses their bactericidal functions by converting cellular ATP to cAMP. Such uncontrolled cAMP signaling can also drive CD11b-expressing immature dendritic cells into a semi-mature state, possibly hijacking them to shape the local adaptive immune response towards tolerance of the pathogen.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Microbiology of the Academy of Sciences, Videnska 1083, 142 20 Prague, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vojtova
authors.forename: Jana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kamanova
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sebo
mesh_terms: D037361:Adenylate Cyclase Toxin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity; D001884:Bordetella / Q000276:immunology* / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D001885:Bordetella Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D039481:CD11b Antigen / Q000378:metabolism; D018821:CD18 Antigens / Q000378:metabolism; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000382:microbiology; D006801:Humans; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D010586:Phagocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology; D012141:Respiratory Tract Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D037361:Adenylate Cyclase Toxin; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D039481:CD11b Antigen; D018821:CD18 Antigens; D015850:Interleukin-6