title: Effects of topiramate in combination with intravenous nicotine in overnight abstinent smokers.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Topiramate, an anticonvulsant medication, may be effective as a treatment for alcohol and cocaine addiction. While a recent clinical study has demonstrated the potential utility of topiramate for smoking cessation in alcohol-dependent smokers, the effects of topiramate on tobacco addiction have not been systematically examined in humans.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine topiramate's effects on acute physiological and subjective responses to intravenous (IV) nicotine in overnight abstinent smokers.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven male and five female smokers participated in a double-blind, placebo-controlled, crossover study, which consisted of one adaptation and three experimental sessions. Before each session, participants were treated orally with either a single 25 or 50 mg topiramate dose or with placebo. Starting 2 h following the medication treatment, participants received an IV saline injection, followed by 0.5 and 1.0 mg/70 kg IV nicotine.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Topiramate treatment at 50 mg, compared to 25 mg or placebo, attenuated heart rate increases induced by nicotine. Topiramate, compared to placebo, enhanced the ratings of subjective effects from nicotine including "drug strength," "good effects," "head rush," and "drug liking." Topiramate treatment did not affect performance on the Stroop test.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that topiramate may enhance the subjective effects of nicotine and attenuate the heart rate response to nicotine. While the exact mechanisms are unclear, enhancement of the dopaminergic system and attenuation of the noradrenergic system may mediate the topiramate's effects on the subjective and cardiovascular responses to nicotine, respectively. The utility of topiramate for smoking cessation needs to be examined further in controlled clinical trials.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, VA Connecticut Healthcare System, School of Medicine, Yale University, 950 Campbell Ave., Bldg. 36/116A4, West Haven, CT 06516, USA. Mehmet.Sofuoglu@yale.edu
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sofuoglu
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Poling
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mouratidis
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kosten
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D001143:Arousal / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005632:Fructose / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D009538:Nicotine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods* / Q000523:psychology; D013375:Substance Withdrawal Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D000077236:Topiramate
chemical_list: D000077236:Topiramate; D005632:Fructose; D009538:Nicotine