title: Men who have sex with men and human immunodeficiency virus/sexually transmitted disease control in China.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To address the role of men who have sex with men (MSM) in the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/sexually transmitted disease (STD) epidemic in China.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To explore the prevalence of risky sexual behaviors and the existing prevention efforts among men who have sex with men (MSM) in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  Review of behavioral and STD/HIV prevention studies addressing MSM in China.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Sexual risk behaviors including unprotected group sex, anal sex, casual sex, and commercial sex were prevalent among Chinese MSM. Many Chinese MSM also engaged in unprotected sex with both men and women. Most MSM either did not perceive that they were at risk of HIV/AIDS or underestimated their risk of infection. Surveillance and intervention research among these men are still in the preliminary stages.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Chinese MSM are at risk for HIV/STD infection and potential transmission of HIV to the general population. In addition to sexual risk reduction among MSM, reduction of homosexuality- related stigma should be part of effective intervention efforts. Volunteers from the MSM community and health care workers in primary health care system may serve as valuable resources for HIV/STD prevention and control among MSM.
authors.affiliation: National Center for AIDS/STD Prevention and Control, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hongmei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xiaoming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hongjie
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qianqiu
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bonita
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Stanton
mesh_terms: D002681:China / Q000453:epidemiology; D017280:Condoms / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006293:Health Promotion; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012309:Risk-Taking; D018571:Sentinel Surveillance; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000635:transmission