title: Pre-operative radiographic evaluation of lower third molars with computed tomography.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report radiographic findings of examinations with computed tomography (CT) of impacted lower third molars with an intimate relation to the mandibular canal and to investigate how findings of a dark band across the roots of the lower third molar on panoramic views correspond to the CT findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  CT images of 90 lower third molars (64 patients, mean age 34.6 years) in which plain radiography was insufficient to allow determination of the precise anatomical relations were reviewed retrospectively. Panoramic views of 88 teeth existed; these images were interpreted independent of the CT examinations with respect to presence of a dark band across the roots.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 31% of the CT images, the course of the mandibular canal was buccal, in 33% lingual, in 26% inferior, and in 10% inter-radicular. The tooth was in contact with the mandibular canal in 94% and with the lingual cortex in 86%. In 23%, grooving of the root by the canal was judged to be present. In 63% of the cases where a dark band across the roots was observed on panoramic radiographs, CT revealed grooving of the root.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Pre-operative CT of lower third molars is motivated in selected cases when plain radiography is inconclusive. The finding of a dark band across the roots on panoramic radiographs is an indicator of grooving of the tooth by the canal and justifies a pre-operative CT examination. The absence of dark bands on panoramic views does not exclude grooving of the roots.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Sunderby Hospital, SE-971 80 Luleå, Sweden. anders.ohman@nll.se
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ohman
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kivijärvi
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Blombäck
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Flygare
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000294:innervation; D008340:Mandibular Nerve / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D008875:Middle Aged; D008964:Molar, Third / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D011300:Preoperative Care; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014095:Tooth, Impacted / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*