title: Apolipoprotein E and Alzheimer disease.
abstract: Apolipoprotein (apo) E, a multifunctional protein with central roles in lipid metabolism and neurobiology, has three common isoforms (apoE2, apoE3, and apoE4) with different effects on lipid homeostasis and neurobiology. Unlike apoE3, the most common isoform, apoE4, is associated with increased risk of developing Alzheimer disease (AD) and other neurodegenerative disorders. Although the mechanisms underlying apoE4's action in AD pathogenesis are still poorly understood, emerging data strongly suggest that apoE4 contributes to this disease by interacting with different factors through various pathways. Thus, multiple molecular and cellular mechanisms should be considered when anti-AD drugs are developed based on apoE studies.
authors.affiliation: Gladstone Institute of Neurological Disease, Department of Pathology, University of California, San Francisco, CA, USA. yhuang@gladstone.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Yadong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Huang
mesh_terms: D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000483:Alleles; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D003599:Cytoskeleton / Q000378:metabolism; D015195:Drug Design; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000235:genetics; D008264:Macrophages / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D018697:Nootropic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012307:Risk Factors; D016875:tau Proteins
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D053327:Apolipoprotein E4; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; C054369:MAPT protein, human; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D018697:Nootropic Agents; D016875:tau Proteins