title: Copper (II) ions potently inhibit purified PrPres amplification.
abstract: The structural conversion of a host protein, PrP(C), into a protease-resistant isoform, PrPres, is the central event in the pathogenesis of infectious prion diseases. Purification of native PrP(C) molecules from hamster brain by either cation exchange or immobilized chelator chromatographic resins yielded preparations that supported efficient amplification of scrapie-induced PrPres in vitro. Using these purified preparations, we determined that in vitro PrPres amplification was inhibited by CuCl2 and ZnCl2 at IC50 concentrations of approximately 400 nm and 10 microM, respectively. In contrast, 100 microM MnCl2 did not directly inhibit PrPres amplification or block Cu2+-mediated inhibition. Additionally, the inhibition of PrPres amplification by Cu2+ ions could be reversed by addition of either neocuproine or imidazole. Cu2+ inhibited PrPres amplification in both the presence and absence of stimulatory polyanion molecules. These biochemical findings support the hypothesis that Cu2+ ions might regulate the pathogenesis of prion diseases in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA.
authors.forename: Nicholas R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Orem
authors.forename: James C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Geoghegan
authors.forename: Nathan R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Deleault
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kascsak
authors.forename: Surachai
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Supattapone
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism; D001923:Brain Chemistry / Q000187:drug effects*; D002411:Cation Exchange Resins; D002474:Cell-Free System; D003300:Copper / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006224:Cricetinae; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D020128:Inhibitory Concentration 50; D018621:PrPC Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D018620:PrPSc Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011485:Protein Binding / Q000187:drug effects; D011487:Protein Conformation; D017510:Protein Folding
chemical_list: D002411:Cation Exchange Resins; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007093:Imidazoles; D018621:PrPC Proteins; D018620:PrPSc Proteins; D003300:Copper; C029899:imidazole; D004492:Edetic Acid; C029892:cupric chloride