title: [Dronabinol for supportive therapy in patients with malignant melanoma and liver metastases].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Loss of appetite and nausea can reduce the quality of life of patients with malignant melanoma and liver metastases. Often established antiemetic drugs fail to bring relief. Tetrahydrocannabinol (THC, Marinol), which is the active agent of Indian hemp, has been used successfully in this situation for other malignant tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  We treated 7 patients with hematogenous metastatic melanoma and liver metastases suffering from extensive loss of appetite and nausea supportively with dronabinol (Marinol. All of these patients had previously received standard antiemetic therapy without adequate relief. Dronabinol is a synthetic Delta-tetrahydrocannabinol. The drug was administered in capsule form. We evaluated the palliative effects of dronabinol with a special patient evaluation form, which was filled out at the beginning of the therapy and again after 4 weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of patients described a significant increase in appetite and decrease in nausea. These effects remained for some weeks, but then decreased as metastases progressed and the general condition worsened. All of the patients experienced slight to moderate dizziness, but it was not sufficiently troubling to cause interruption or termination of therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Loss of appetite and nausea due to liver metastases of malignant melanoma can be treated in individual cases supportively with Dronabinol.
authors.affiliation: Hautklinik und Poliklinik der Georg-August-Universität Göttingen. mzutt@gwdg.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zutt
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hänssle
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Emmert
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Neumann
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Kretschmer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant / Q000379:methods; D013759:Dronabinol / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001068:Feeding and Eating Disorders / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary*; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000556:secondary*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009325:Nausea / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010166:Palliative Care / Q000379:methods; D011788:Quality of Life; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D013759:Dronabinol