title: Six-week improvements in muscle mass and strength during androgen therapy in older men.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of our study was to assess the early effects of a potent anabolic androgen on muscle mass and strength, lower extremity power, and functional performance in older men.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two men 72 +/- 6 years of age were randomized to receive oxandrolone (10 mg twice daily) or matching placebo in a 2:1 manner for 12 weeks. Total and appendicular lean body mass (LBM) were assessed by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry (DEXA). Lower extremity muscle volume was determined by magnetic resonance imaging to validate DEXA changes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total LBM increased by 2.7 +/- 1.6 kg after 6 weeks with oxandrolone (p <.001), which was greater (p <.001) than the decline in LBM (-0.5 +/- 0.9 kg) with placebo. Appendicular LBM increased by 1.2 +/- 0.9 kg after just 6 weeks with oxandrolone (p <.001), which was greater (p <.001) than the decline in LBM (-0.4 +/- 0.5 kg) with placebo. These changes were >90% of the gains in total and appendicular LBM (3.0 +/- 1.5 kg and 1.3 +/- 0.9 kg, respectively) after 12 weeks. Total thigh and hamstring muscle volume increased by 111 +/- 29 mm(3) (p =.001) and 75 +/- 18 mm(3) (p =.001), respectively, after 12 weeks. Maximal strength increased for the leg press 6.3 +/- 5.6% (p =.003), leg curl 6.7 +/- 8.6% (p =.01), chest press 6.9 +/- 6.5% (p =.001), and latissimus pull-down 4.8 +/- 6.3% (p =.009) with oxandrolone after 6 weeks; these increases were different than those with placebo (p <.001) and were 93%, 96%, 74%, and 94% of the respective gains at week 12. There were no improvements in functional measures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with a potent anabolic androgen may produce significant increases in muscle mass and strength after only 6 weeks in healthy older men. However, such treatment did not improve leg muscle power or walking speed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biokinesiology & Physical Therapy, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA 90089, USA. eschroed@usc.edu
authors.forename: E Todd
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Schroeder
authors.forename: Alberto F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Vallejo
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Yolanda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Stewart
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Flores
authors.forename: Susie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Martinez
authors.forename: Fred R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Sattler
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000728:Androgens / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D020249:Hormone Replacement Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000502:physiology*; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010074:Oxandrolone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D010074:Oxandrolone