title: Nitrification in polluted soil fertilized with fast- and slow-releasing nitrogen: a case study at a refinery landfarming site.
abstract: The nitrifying activity and the effect of fertilization with urea and methylene urea were studied in a landfarming site. The site has been operative over 20 years and maintained by heavy nitrogen fertilization. The landfarming soil contained 4-6% (w/w) oil. The nitrate accumulation was 20-50mg NO3-N day(-1)kg(-1) observed after methylene urea fertilization of 889 g Nm(-2). Nitrification ex situ (in laboratory conditions) was 8.8 mg NO3-N day(-1) kg(-1) in the presence of 380 mg kg(-1) NH4+-N. The half-saturation concentration of nitrification was more than 200 mg NH4+-N kg(-1). The results show that nitrification was active in soil with high oil concentration. Urea fertilization of 893 g Nm(-2) caused an increase of soil NH4+-N concentration up to 5500 mg kg(-1) and pH>8.5. This led to inhibition of nitrification, which persisted after NH4+ concentration decreased below 200mg NH4+ kg(-1).
authors.affiliation: Department of Applied Chemistry and Microbiology, P.O. Box 56, University of Helsinki, FIN-00014 Helsinki, Finland. rainer.peltrola@ppl.inet.fi
authors.forename: Rainer
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Peltola
authors.forename: Mirja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Salkinoja-Salonen
authors.forename: Janne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pulkkinen
authors.forename: Marja
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koivunen
authors.forename: Anna-Riina
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Turpeinen
authors.forename: Tuula
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Aarnio
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Romantschuk
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D004787:Environmental Pollution; D052918:Environmental Restoration and Remediation / Q000379:methods*; D005308:Fertilizers; D005387:Finland; D007220:Industrial Waste; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis; D010578:Petroleum; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D014508:Urea
chemical_list: D005308:Fertilizers; D007220:Industrial Waste; D010578:Petroleum; D012987:Soil; D014508:Urea; D009584:Nitrogen