title: Organ donations and unused potential donations in traumatic brain injury, subarachnoid haemorrhage and intracerebral haemorrhage.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To obtain insight into the occurrence of brain death and the potential for brain dead and controlled non-heart-beating organ donors (CNHB) in patients with traumatic brain injury (TBI), subarachnoid haemorrhage (SAH) and intracerebral haemorrhage (ICH) in a large neurosurgical serving area (2.1 million inhabitants).
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis of data concerning patients with TBI, SAH and ICH who died during the course of ICU treatment during 1999-2003.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 16-bed neuro-intensive care unit.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with TBI, SAH or ICH who died during the course of ICU treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of ICU deaths in patients with TBI, SAH and ICH declined from 111 in 1999 to 64 in 2003. In total, 476 deaths occurred. Of these, 177 patients were not included in the analysis. Two hundred ninety-nine (299) ventilated patients had two or more absent brainstem reflexes (ABSR) and a Glasgow Coma Score of 3-4 at the moment of treatment withdrawal and formed the potential for organ donation; 61 of these patients were treated until full brain death. Organs of 57 patients could be harvested. We analysed the reasons that organs were not procured in the 242 remaining patients. The most important reasons were family refusal (32%), medical contraindications (14%), and the treating physician not considering potential organ donation (20%). The missed potential is 162/299 (54%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The number of actual and potential organ donors is declining, but a considerable number of potential CNHB donors exists. Refusal by relatives is the most important reason for failure to procure organs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. e.j.o.kompanje@erasmusmc.nl.|Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. e.j.o.kompanje@erasmusmc.nl.
authors.forename: Erwin J O
authors.initials: EJO
authors.lastname: Kompanje
authors.affiliation: Department of Intensive Care, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bakker
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: François J A
authors.initials: FJA
authors.lastname: Slieker
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Jan N M
authors.initials: JNM
authors.lastname: IJzermans
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Erasmus MC University Medical Center Rotterdam, P.O. Box 2040, 3000 CA, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Andrew I R
authors.initials: AIR
authors.lastname: Maas
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001926:Brain Death; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000401:mortality*; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000401:mortality*; D014019:Tissue Donors / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D009927:Tissue and Organ Procurement / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*