Somatotropic and gonadotropic axes linkages in infancy, childhood, and the puberty-adult transition.
Integrative neuroendocrine control of the gonadotropic and somatotropic axes in childhood, puberty, and young adulthood proceeds via multiple convergent and divergent pathways in the human and experimental animal. Emerging ensemble concepts are required to embody independent, parallel, and interacting mechanisms that subserve physiological adaptations and pathological disruption of reproduction and growth. Significant advances in systems biology will be needed to address these challenges.
Veldhuis
Johannes D
JD
Endocrine Research Unit, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Medical School, Mayo School of Graduate Medical Education, General Clinical Research Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55905, USA. Veldhuis.Johannes@mayo.edu
Roemmich
James N
JN
Richmond
Erick J
EJ
Bowers
Cyril Y
CY
D000375:Aging; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000502:physiology; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000502:physiology; D006062:Gonadotropins / Q000502:physiology*; D006066:Gonads / Q000502:physiology; D006128:Growth / Q000502:physiology*; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000502:physiology*; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007031:Hypothalamus / Q000502:physiology; D007328:Insulin / Q000502:physiology; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins / Q000502:physiology; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II / Q000502:physiology; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D010507:Periodicity; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000502:physiology; D011627:Puberty / Q000502:physiology*; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D012741:Sexual Maturation / Q000502:physiology
D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D006062:Gonadotropins; D007328:Insulin; D018969:Insulin-Like Growth Factor Binding Proteins; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D007987:Gonadotropin-Releasing Hormone; D007334:Insulin-Like Growth Factor I; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D013006:Growth Hormone