Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome: report of three cases.
Reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome is characterized clinically by headache, abnormalities of mental status and visual perception, and seizures. Despite its diverse causes, common precipitating factors are defined as abrupt elevations of blood pressure, renal decompensation, fluid retention, and immunosuppressive therapy. We report three children with reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome presenting with generalized seizures and headache. The causes of reversible posterior leukoencephalopathy syndrome were considered to be acute hypertension and immunosuppressive therapy in case 1 with systemic lupus erythematosus, chemotherapy (vincristine and/or actinomycin-D) and hyponatremia in case 2, and acute hypertension in case 3, admitted with a familial Mediterranean fever attack. In light of these cases, we review the literature for the etiology, clinical and laboratory findings, and pathogenetic mechanisms of the disease.
Ozyurek
Hamit
H
Department of Pediatrics, Section of Pediatric Neurology, Hacettepe University Faculty of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. hozyurekibu@hotmail.com
Oguz
Gulben
G
Ozen
Seza
S
Akyuz
Canan
C
Karli Oguz
Kader
K
Anlar
Banu
B
Aysun
Sabiha
S
D000293:Adolescent; D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D010505:Familial Mediterranean Fever / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006261:Headache / Q000209:etiology*; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D012640:Seizures / Q000209:etiology*; D013577:Syndrome; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014796:Visual Perception; D009396:Wilms Tumor / Q000150:complications