title: Clarithromycin synergism with essential and trace elements.
abstract: In order to ascertain the role of various essential and trace element complexation on the antibacterial activity of various macrolide antibiotics, the synergistic or antagonistic behavior of clarithromycin metal complexes has been studied and compared with the parent drug. Metal complexes of clarithromycin with magnesium, calcium, chromium, manganese, iron, cobalt, nickel, copper, zinc and cadmium has been investigated for their antibacterial activity and compared with clarithromycin by observing the changes in minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and by measuring the zone of inhibition. of complexes against both gram negative and gram positive microorganisms. Various microorganisms used were Staphylococcus aureus, Streptococcus faecalis, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhii, Proteus vulgaris, Shigella dysentary, Kelebcilla pneumoni and Staphylococcus epidermidis. For MIC observation, serial dilution method was employed and zone sizes were determined by diffusion disk method. Our investigations divulge that formation of clarithromycin complexes results in synergistic effect i.e., antimicrobial activity of complexes of clarithromycin increases with respect to parent clarithromycin drug and MIC of drug metal complexes decreased.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Najma
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sultana
authors.forename: M Saeed
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Arayne
authors.forename: Rizwana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sabri