title: Prenatal molecular diagnosis of Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Duchenne and Becker muscular dystrophy (DMD/BMD) is an X-linked lethal recessive disease caused by mutations in the dystrophy gene. There is no efficient treatment for this serious and disabling disease. We established a combination method to detect carriers and perform prenatal diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  In our study, from 1994 to 2005, using a different combination of 5 methods, including SRY gene amplification, multiplex PCR, multiplex Fluorescence PCR capillary electrophoresis, multiplex ligation-dependent probe amplification (MLPA) and linkage analysis of short tandem repeats (STR), 36 prenatal diagnosis were performed for pregnancies at risk of having a DMD/BMD baby through amniocentesis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fourteen out of 21 male fetuses were found to be affected and respective pregnancies were terminated. A combined diagnostic rate of 83% was achieved for 30 cases with deletions, duplications, and non-deletion mutations after tested by more than one method.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Using a combined method, we can diagnoses patients and carriers in DMD families, and perform prenatal diagnosis for the risk fetus. MLPA provides a simple, rapid and accurate method for deletions and duplications of all the 79 DMD exons. MLPA method for DMD diagnosis is the first report in our country.
authors.affiliation: Guangzhou Second People's Hospital, Guangzhou Research Institute of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Guangzhou 510150, China. qli2006@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shao-ying
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Dong-gui
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Xiao-fang
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Dun-jin
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Wei-ying
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020388:Muscular Dystrophy, Duchenne / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics; D011247:Pregnancy; D011262:Pregnancy Trimester, Second; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis / Q000379:methods*