title: Changes in nasorespiratory function in association with maxillary distraction osteogenesis in subjects with cleft lip and palate.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The current study aimed to determine how nasorespiratory function changes in association with maxillary distraction osteogenesis (DO). Furthermore, with regard to impaired nasorespiratory function, the possibility of a relationship between the cleft side and laterality and any effect of maxillary distraction osteogenesis was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this descriptive, prospective clinical report, subjective and objective data regarding nasorespiratory function before and after maxillary distraction osteogenesis were compared.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data from 13 subjects with cleft lip and palate were used. Subjects had a severe maxillary deficiency and underwent distraction osteogenesis using a rigid external device system.
  
  
  METHODS
  The subjective measure was the score on a questionnaire regarding nasorespiratory function using a visual analog scale. The objective measure was nasal resistance.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The visual analog scale score for two items significantly decreased just after distraction osteogenesis. Nasal resistance also significantly decreased 1 year after distraction osteogenesis. Moreover, nasal resistance on the cleft side was significantly greater than that on the noncleft side just before and 1 year after distraction osteogenesis. There was a significant positive correlation between changes in the visual analog scale score and nasal resistance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that nasorespiratory function changes in association with maxillary distraction osteogenesis in subjects with cleft lip and palate. Moreover, it appears that nasal obstruction on the cleft side does not change in subjects with unilateral cleft lip and palate.
authors.affiliation: Maxillofacial Orthognathics, Graduate School, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Kiyo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ono
authors.forename: Masumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mochida
authors.forename: Kimie
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohyama
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000403:Airway Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D002508:Cephalometry; D002648:Child; D002971:Cleft Lip / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002972:Cleft Palate / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D016267:External Fixators; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008334:Mandible / Q000473:pathology; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D015508:Nasal Obstruction / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D009666:Nose / Q000503:physiopathology*; D019857:Osteogenesis, Distraction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012119:Respiration