title: Influence of galangin on HL-60 cell proliferation and survival.
abstract: The effect of galangin, a flavonol component of India root spice and the 'herbal' medicine propolis, on HL-60 human leukaemia cell survival is characterised. Galangin (1-100 microM) exerted an antiproliferative effect that, with dose and exposure longevity, was progressively associated with an elevated hypodiploid DNA content and expression of the active form of caspase-3, principally prior to membrane damage. At >or=50 microM, plasmamembrane phosphatidylserine exposure was observed. There was no evidence for intracellular oxidative stress as an orchestrator of cytotoxicity and significant phagocyte-like differentiation was not detected. We discuss whether such cytotoxicity will be therapeutically exploitable or contribute to cancer prevention within a pharmacological or dietary context.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Nutrition Group, Gut Health Programme, Rowett Research Institute, Greenburn Road, Bucksburn, Aberdeen AB21 9SB, UK. c.bestwick@rowett.ac.uk <c.bestwick@rowett.ac.uk>
authors.forename: Charles S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Bestwick
authors.forename: Lesley
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Milne
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000187:drug effects; D002462:Cell Membrane / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D048429:Cell Size / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D053938:DNA Fragmentation / Q000187:drug effects; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005047:Etoposide / Q000494:pharmacology; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D007938:Leukemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D009153:Mutagens / Q000494:pharmacology; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010718:Phosphatidylserines / Q000378:metabolism; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D005419:Flavonoids; D009153:Mutagens; D009707:Nucleosomes; D010718:Phosphatidylserines; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C037032:galangin; D005047:Etoposide; D053148:Caspase 3; D004121:Dimethyl Sulfoxide