title: Inhibitory effects of fruit juices on CYP3A activity.
abstract: There have been very limited reports on the effects of commercial fruit juices on human CYP3A activity. Therefore, the inhibitory effects of readily available commercial fruit juices on midazolam 1'-hydroxylase activity, a marker of CYP3A, were evaluated in pooled human liver microsomes. The fruit juices investigated were black raspberry, black mulberry, plum, and wild grape. White grapefruit, pomegranate, and orange juice were used as positive and negative controls. The black mulberry juice showed the most potent inhibition of CYP3A except for grapefruit juice. The inhibition depended on the amount of a fruit juice added to the incubation mixture. The inhibitory potential of human CYP3A was in the order: grapefruit > black mulberry > wild grape > pomegranate > black raspberry. The IC(50) values of all fruit juices tested were reduced after preincubation with microsomes in the presence of the NADPH-generating system, suggesting that a mechanism-based inhibitory component was present in these fruit juices, as in the case of grapefruit. The results suggest that, like grapefruit juice, commercial fruit juices also have the potential to inhibit CYP3A-catalzyed midazolam 1'-hydroxylation. Therefore, in vivo studies investigating the interactions between fruit juices such as black mulberry and wild grape and CYP3A substrates are necessary to determine whether inhibition of CYP3A activity by fruit juices is clinically relevant.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Inje University College of Medicine, # 633-165, Gaegum-Dong, Jin-Gu, Busan 614-735, South Korea.
authors.forename: Hyunmi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yune-Jung
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Ji-Hong
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Shon
authors.forename: In-June
authors.initials: IJ
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.forename: Jae-Gook
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Kwang-Hyeon
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D001628:Beverages; D032083:Citrus paradisi; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000378:metabolism; D018565:Food-Drug Interactions; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008862:Microsomes, Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008874:Midazolam / Q000378:metabolism; D031625:Morus; D027843:Vitis
chemical_list: D065607:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme Inhibitors; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; C104464:CYP3A protein, human; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; D008874:Midazolam