title: A system for ultrasound-guided computer-assisted orthopaedic surgery.
abstract: Current computer-assisted orthopedic surgery (CAOS) systems typically use preoperative computed tomography (CT) and intraoperative fluoroscopy as their imaging modalities. Because these imaging tools use X-rays, both patients and surgeons are exposed to ionizing radiation that may cause long-term health damage. To register the patient with the preoperative surgical plan, these techniques require tracking of the targeted anatomy by invasively mounting a tracking device on the patient, which results in extra pain and may prolong recovery time. The mounting procedure also leads to a major difficulty of using these approaches to track small bones or mobile fractures. Furthermore, it is practically impossible to mount a heavy tracking device on a small bone, which thus restricts the use of CAOS techniques. This article presents a novel CAOS method that employs 2D ultrasound (US) as the imaging modality. Medical US is non-ionizing and real-time, and our proposed method does not require any invasive mounting procedures. Experiments have shown that the proposed registration technique has sub-millimetric accuracy in localizing the best match between the intraoperative and preoperative images, demonstrating great potential for orthopedic applications. This method has some significant advantages over previously reported US-guided CAOS techniques: it requires no segmentation and employs only a few US images to accurately and robustly localize the patient. Preliminary laboratory results on both a radius-bone phantom and human subjects are presented.
authors.affiliation: School of Computing, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada.
authors.forename: Thomas Kuiran
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Purang
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Abolmaesumi
authors.forename: David R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Pichora
authors.forename: Randy E
authors.initials: RE
authors.lastname: Ellis
mesh_terms: D003199:Computer Systems; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted; D018084:Ultrasonography, Interventional