title: A predictive model for the effect of temperature and predrying treatments in reducing Listeria monocytogenes populations during drying of beef jerky.
abstract: The objective of this study was to model the effect of drying temperatures (52, 57, and 63 degrees C) and predrying treatments on the inactivation of Listeria monocytogenes on beef jerky. Before drying, beef slices were inoculated with a 10-strain composite of L. monocytogenes and then treated with the following: (i) nothing (C), (ii) traditional marinade (M), or (iii) dipping in 5% acetic acid solution for 10 min, followed by M (AM). In addition, sequential stresses (exposure to 10% NaCl, followed by an adjustment of the pH to 5.0 and, subsequently, a water bath at 45 degrees C) were applied to the inocula before beef contamination and drying at 63 degrees C. Surviving L. monocytogenes were determined on tryptic soy agar plus 0.6% yeast extract (TSAYE) and on PALCAM agar at 0, 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10 h during drying. Data were modeled by a linear regression (treatment AM) and a logistic-based equation capable of fitting biphasic inactivation curves without initial shoulder (treatments C and M). The total log reductions expressed as the CFU per square centimeter of L. monocytogenes (3.9 to 5.1) for the samples treated with M (3.5 to 5.4) when compared with C were similar, whereas AM-treated samples had higher (6.1 to 6.8) reductions. All survival curves were characterized by an initial rapid decrease in populations within the first 2 h, which was followed by a secondary death phase at a lower rate. No significant (P > or = 0.05) differences in inactivation were observed due to drying temperatures in the range (52 to 63 degrees C) tested. Inactivation differences between recovered counts of stressed and unstressed cells were significant (P < 0.05) in PALCAM but not in TSAYE. The acidified predrying treatment (AM) had higher pathogen inactivation during drying than other treatments, regardless of drying temperature. The models developed may be useful in designing effective drying processes for beef jerky.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Sciences, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, USA.
authors.forename: Yohan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Panagiotis N
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Skandamis
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Kendall
authors.forename: Gary C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.forename: John N
authors.initials: JN
authors.lastname: Sofos
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D006801:Humans; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D008089:Listeria monocytogenes / Q000254:growth & development*; D008461:Meat Products / Q000382:microbiology*; D008954:Models, Biological; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D013696:Temperature; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D014867:Water