title: Predictive validity of ventilatory and lactate thresholds for cycling time trial performance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine which laboratory measurement best predicts 40 km cycling time-trial (TT) performance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen male cyclists performed lactate-threshold (LT), ventilatory-threshold (VT), 5 km and 40 km TT. Key variables of interest were Watts at thresholds. For VT determination we used: breakpoint of ventilatory equivalent of oxygen (VE/VO2); breakpoint of ventilatory equivalent of carbon dioxide (VE/VCO2); V-slope; respiratory exchange ratio (RER)=1 and 0.95. For LT we used Stegmann's individual anaerobic threshold; the stage preceding the second 0.5 mmol L(-1) increase (Baldari); 4 mmol L(-1); 1 mmol L(-1) increase in 3 min; the stage preceding the first 1 mmol L(-1) increase as criterion methods (<1 mmol). Analyses also included peak power during the incremental threshold tests (MaxVT(watts), MaxLT(watts)) and 5 km performance (5K(avgwatts)).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Regression analyses between VT variables and 40K(avgwatts) were significant for V-slope (r2=0.63), VE/VO2 (r2=0.64), RER(0.95) (r2=0.53), RER1 (r2=0.57), and MaxVT(watts) (r2=0.65). Regressions between LT variables and 40K(avgwatts) were significant for Baldari (r2=0.52), 4 mmol L(-1) (r2=0.36), <1 mmol (r2=0.35), Keul (r2=0.34), and MaxLT(watts) (r2=0.51). Regressions between 5K variables and 40K(avgwatts) were significant for 5K(avgwatts) (r2=0.58). Paired t-tests between these variables and the 40K(avgwatts) indicated that absolute power outputs at VE/VO2 (P=0.33), RER(0.95) (P=0.93), and 4 mmol L(-1) (P=0.39) were not significantly different from 40K(avgwatts).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that VT-based variables are generally superior to LT variables relative to predicting 40K(avgwatts), the simplest of several valid measures appears to be VE/VO2.
authors.affiliation: The Orthopedic Specialty Hospital, Salt Lake City, UT, USA. amann@wisc.edu
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Amann
authors.forename: Andrew W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Subudhi
authors.forename: Carl
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Foster
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology*; D015415:Biomarkers; D017079:Exercise Tolerance / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D012119:Respiration; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D019344:Lactic Acid