title: Differential adaptation of two varieties of common bean to abiotic stress: II. Acclimation of photosynthesis.
abstract: The photosynthetic characteristics of two contrasting varieties of common bean (Phaseolus vulgaris) have been determined. These varieties, Arroz and Orfeo, differ in their productivity under stress conditions, resistance to drought stress, and have distinctly different stomatal behaviour. When grown under conditions of high irradiance and high temperature, both varieties displayed evidence of photosynthetic acclimation at the chloroplast level-there was an increase in chlorophyll a/b ratio, a decreased content of Lhcb proteins, and an increased xanthophyll cycle pool size. Both varieties also showed reduced chlorophyll content on a leaf area basis and a decrease in leaf area. Both varieties showed an increase in leaf thickness but only Arroz showed the characteristic elongated palisade cells in the high light-grown plants; Orfeo instead had a larger number of smaller, rounded cells. Differences were found in stomatal development: whereas Arroz showed very little change in stomatal density, Orfeo exhibited a large increase, particularly on the upper leaf surface. It is suggested that these differences in leaf cell structure and stomatal density give rise to altered rates of photosynthesis and stomatal conductance. Whereas, Arroz had the same photosynthetic rate in plants grown at both low and high irradiance, Orfeo showed a higher photosynthetic capacity at high irradiance. It is suggested that the higher yield of Orfeo compared with Arroz under stress conditions can be explained, in part, by these cellular differences.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wentworth
authors.forename: Erik H
authors.initials: EH
authors.lastname: Murchie
authors.forename: Julie E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Gray
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Villegas
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pastenes
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pinto
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Horton
mesh_terms: D000064:Acclimatization; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000502:physiology; D018556:Crops, Agricultural / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D003681:Dehydration; D005838:Genotype; D008027:Light; D027805:Phaseolus / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology*; D010788:Photosynthesis; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014867:Water / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010940:Plant Proteins; D014867:Water; D002245:Carbon Dioxide