title: A prospective study comparing video capsule endoscopy with double-balloon enteroscopy in patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Obscure gastrointestinal bleeding from jejunal and ileal lesions remains undiagnosed using traditional imaging techniques (radiologic, endoscopic). This prospective study compares the diagnostic detection rate of small-bowel lesions using wireless video capsule endoscopy (VCE) with the detection rate using double-balloon enteroscopy (DBE) in patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding (OGIB). Tolerance, adverse events, endoscopic interventions, and prognosis were described as secondary aims.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-five consecutive patients with obscure gastrointestinal bleeding were evaluated (22 males and 13 females; mean age 63.2 yr; range, 19-86 yr). The detection rates of the Given M2A wireless VCE and DBE were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Small-bowel abnormalities were detected using VCE in 28 (80%) of the 35 patients with OGIB, compared with 21 (60%) of the 35 patients using DBE (p = 0.01). Both examinations were well tolerated, but VCE was more acceptable to patients. No major adverse event occurred after either examination. Biopsies (n = 27), argon plasma coagulation (n = 19), tattoo injection (n = 8), and polypectomy (n = 2) were feasible with DBE when indicated in 27 of the 35 patients (77%). During a median (range) follow-up period of 5 (2-12) months, 26 (74%) patients remained clinically stable and did not require blood transfusions after DBE procedures. Eighteen (51%) of those who remained clinically stable had received APC therapy.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High detection rates of the causes of OGIB are feasible with VCE and DBE. Although the detection rate of VCE was superior, our results indicate that the procedures are complementary; an initial diagnostic imaging employing VCE might be followed by therapeutic and interventional DBE.
authors.affiliation: Small Bowel Diseases Unit, Department of Gastroenterology, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: Muhammed
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hadithi
authors.forename: G Dimitri N
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Heine
authors.forename: Maarten A J M
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: Adriaan A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: van Bodegraven
authors.forename: Adriaan A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: V Bodegraven
authors.forename: Chris J J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Mulder
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002404:Catheterization; D015331:Cohort Studies; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000473:pathology; D007421:Intestine, Small; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011336:Probability; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014741:Video Recording