title: Chronic stress at work and the metabolic syndrome: prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association between stress at work and the metabolic syndrome. [table: see text].
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study investigating the association between work stress and the metabolic syndrome.
  
  
  METHODS
  10 308 men and women, aged 35-55, employed in 20 London civil service departments at baseline (the Whitehall II study); follow-up was an average of 14 years.
  
  
  METHODS
  Work stress based on the iso-strain model, measured on four occasions (1985-99). Biological measures of the metabolic syndrome, based on the National Cholesterol Education Program definition, measured in 1997-9.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A dose-response relation was found between exposure to work stressors over 14 years and risk of the metabolic syndrome, independent of other relevant risk factors. Employees with chronic work stress (three or more exposures) were more than twice as likely to have the syndrome than those without work stress (odds ratio adjusted for age and employment grade 2.25, 95% confidence interval 1.31 to 3.85).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Stress at work is an important risk factor for the metabolic syndrome. The study provides evidence for the biological plausibility of the link between psychosocial stressors from everyday life and heart disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, University College London, London WC1E 6BT. t.chandola@ucl.ac.uk
authors.forename: Tarani
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chandola
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brunner
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Marmot
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002908:Chronic Disease; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000523:psychology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000523:psychology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000150:complications*