title: Testicular presentation of sarcoidosis and organ preservation: case report and review of management strategies.
abstract: We report the case of a 24-year-old Cuban-American man initially presenting with a 1-year history of bilateral testicular pain, subsequently diagnosed as sarcoidosis. The diagnosis was histologically confirmed intraoperatively with excisional biopsy of the right tunica. Genitourinary complaints are a rare initial presentation of this disease. Although therapeutic approaches have varied in published reports, no definitive protocol for treatment has been established. We suggest confirmation of the diagnosis, followed by symptomatic treatment, reserving orchiectomy and steroid therapy for severe, refractory, or disseminated cases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, Louisiana, USA.
authors.forename: Nader N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Massarweh
authors.forename: Vishal K
authors.initials: VK
authors.lastname: Bhalani
authors.forename: Koushik K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Byron
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.forename: Erich
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Lang
authors.forename: Rodney
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D013733:Testicular Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy