title: Differences in prevalence of urinary incontinence by race/ethnicity.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We compared the prevalence of urinary incontinence by type among white, black, Hispanic and Asian-American women.
  
  
  METHODS
  The RRISK is a population based cohort study of 2,109 randomly selected middle-aged and older women. Incontinence and other variables were assessed by self-report questionnaires and in person interviews. Labor and delivery and surgical data were abstracted from medical records archived since 1946. Logistic regression was used to estimate the OR with 95% CIs for incontinence while adjusting for covariates.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The age adjusted prevalence of weekly incontinence was highest among Hispanic women, followed by white, black and Asian-American women (36%, 30%, 25% and 19%, respectively, p <0.001). Type of incontinence also differed among groups, with weekly stress incontinence prevalence being 18%, 15%, 8% and 8% (p <0.001), and weekly urge incontinence prevalence being 10%, 9%, 14% and 7% (p <0.001). After adjustment for age, parity, hysterectomy, estrogen use, body mass, menopausal status and diabetes, the risk of stress incontinence remained significantly lower in black (adjusted OR 0.36, 95% CI 0.23-0.57) and Asian-American (adjusted OR 0.54, 95% CI 0.34-0.86) women compared to white women. In contrast, the risk of urge incontinence was similar in black (adjusted OR 1.19, 95% CI 0.79-1.81) and Asian-American (adjusted OR 0.86, 95% CI 0.52-1.43) women compared to white women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Significant differences in the adjusted risk of stress incontinence among Hispanic, white, black and Asian-American women suggest the presence of additional, as yet unrecognized, risk or protective factors for stress incontinence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family and Community Medicine, University of California, San Francisco, USA. dthom@itsa.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Thom
authors.forename: Stephen K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: van den Eeden
authors.forename: Arona I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Ragins
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wassel-Fyr
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Vittinghof
authors.forename: Leslee L
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Subak
authors.forename: Jeanette S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D001213:Asian; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000208:ethnology; D044465:White People