F2-isoprostanes as biomarkers of lipid peroxidation in patients with chronic renal failure.
Chronic renal failure patients on long-term hemolysis are found to be under increased oxidative stress, caused by antioxidant deficiency, neutrophil activation during hemodialysis (HD), platelet activation and/or chronic inflammation. Increased levels of oxidants (e.g. malondialdehyde, 4-hydroxynonenal, hydrocarbons, lipohydroperoxides, oxycholesterols, carbonyls) in HD patients are thought to play an important role in the development of endothelial dysfunction, atherogenesis and cardiovascular disease, which is a frequent condition in end-stage renal disease. F2-isoprostanes have been established as chemically stable, highly specific and reliable biomarkers of in vivo oxidative stress which can very sensitively measured by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (Morrow et al. [17]). An up to 6-fold increase of plasma F2-isoprostanes in HD patients is accompanied by an enhanced formation of indicators of inflammation (e.g. C-reactive protein) and decreases of endogenous antioxidants (e.g. ascorbate, alpha-tocopherol). In their esterified form F2-isoprostanes may be a useful criteria to evaluate the effectiveness of clinical interventions to diminish oxidant stress and associated inflammation. Furthermore, F2-isoprostanes possess potent biological activities (e.g. 8-iso-PGF2alpha is known as a renal vasoconstrictor) suggesting that they may also act as mediators of the cellular effects of oxidative stress and inflammation.
Wiswedel
Ingrid
I
Department of Pathological Biochemistry, University of Magdeburg, Leipziger Strasse 44, D-39120 Magdeburg, Germany. ingrid.wiswedel@medizin.uni-magdeburg.de
Hirsch
Daniela
D
Carluccio
Francesco
F
Hampl
Hannelore
H
Siems
Werner
W
D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes / Q000097:blood*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood*; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012307:Risk Factors
D015415:Biomarkers; D028441:F2-Isoprostanes