title: Polymorphisms of DNA repair genes XRCC1 and XRCC3, interaction with environmental exposure and risk of chronic gastritis and gastric cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the association between polymorphisms XRCC1 Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln and XRCC3 Thr241Met and the risk for chronic gastritis and gastric cancer, in a Southeastern Brazilian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genotyping by PCR-RFLP was carried out on 202 patients with chronic gastritis (CG) and 160 patients with gastric cancer (GC), matched to 202 (C1) and 150 (C2) controls, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No differences were observed among the studied groups with regard to the genotype distribution of XRCC1 codons 194 and 399 and of XRCC3 codon 241. However, the combined analyses of the three variant alleles (194Trp, 399Gln and 241Met) showed an increased risk for chronic gastritis when compared to the GC group. Moreover, an interaction between the polymorphic alleles and demographic and environmental factors was observed in the CG and GC groups. XRCC1 194Trp was associated with smoking in the CG group, while the variant alleles XRCC1 399Gln and XRCC3 241Met were related with gender, smoking, drinking and H pylori infection in the CG and GC groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results showed no evidence of a relationship between the polymorphisms XRCC1 Arg194Trp and Arg399Gln and XRCC3 Thr241Met and the risk of chronic gastritis and gastric cancer in the Brazilian population, but the combined effect of these variants may interact to increase the risk for chronic gastritis, considered a premalignant lesion. Our data also indicate a gene-environment interaction in the susceptibility to chronic gastritis and gastric cancer.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Biologia, UNESP, São Paulo State University, Sãao Jose do Rio Preto, SP, Brazil.
authors.forename: Márcia Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Duarte
authors.forename: Jucimara
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Colombo
authors.forename: Andrea Regina Baptista
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Rossit
authors.forename: Alaor
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Caetano
authors.forename: Aldenis Albaneze
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Borim
authors.forename: Durval
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wornrath
authors.forename: Ana Elizabete
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Silva
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001938:Brazil; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004260:DNA Repair; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D005260:Female; D005756:Gastritis / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D012307:Risk Factors; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D000076105:X-ray Repair Cross Complementing Protein 1; C110901:X-ray repair cross complementing protein 3; C000619371:XRCC1 protein, human