title: Propranolol is effective in decreasing stress response due to airway manipulation and CO2 pneumoperitoneum in patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  to study the effect of Propranolol on hemodynamic response due to airway manipulation and carbon dioxide pneumoperitoneum on laparoscopic cholecystectomy cases.
  
  
  METHODS
  63 patients undergoing laparoscopic cholecystectomy under general anaesthesia were randomly divided into 3 groups; group 1 received 1.0 mg of Propranolol, group 2 received 0.5 mg of Propranolol and group 3 received 1 ml saline 5 minutes before induction of anaesthesia. Haemodynamic parameters were recorded for every 5 minutes from basal to 5 minutes after extubation and analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Balanced anaesthesia used in our set up is effective in decreasing stress response due to airway manipulation (laryngoscopy and endotracheal intubation) but not effective in that due to CO2 pneumoperitoneum. Propranolol 1 mg 5 minutes before anaesthesia is effective in decreasing stress response due to airway manipulation and CO2 pneumoperitoneum in these groups of patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Propranolol effectively blunts the stress response due to CO2 pneumoperitoneum during laparoscopic cholecystectomy.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, Kathmandu Medical College, Sinamangal.
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Maharjan
mesh_terms: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D017081:Cholecystectomy, Laparoscopic; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D007442:Intubation, Intratracheal / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011027:Pneumoperitoneum / Q000503:physiopathology; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects; D011433:Propranolol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011669:Pulmonary Wedge Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D013312:Stress, Physiological / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D011433:Propranolol