title: Watchful waiting policy in recurrent Ta G1 bladder tumors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the outcome of a watchful waiting policy in patients suffering from small, recurrent, papillary bladder tumors.
  
  
  METHODS
  Watchful waiting has been considered an option when a small (<10 mm) papillary, asymptomatic tumor with negative urinary cytology was found on follow-up cystoscopy in patients who had previous resection(s) of superficial, low-grade (Ta) bladder tumor(s). The watchful waiting protocol included cystoscopy and urinary cytology every 3 months for 2 years (and then every 6 months). Surveillance was stopped if the patient had developed either symptoms related to the tumor or positive cytology, or if there had been a significant alteration in tumor morphology or size.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty-eight watchful waiting periods were documented in 28 patients (mean age 67.7 years). Mean period length was 13.5 months (SD 14.4 months; range 3-60 months). Thirty periods were terminated with tumor resection. The main reasons for termination of surveillance were the appearance of additional tumors (19 patients) and excessive tumor growth (9 patients). Hematuria indicated tumor removal in only one patient. All resected tumors were stage Ta (23 were grade 1, and 7, grade 2). The rate of tumor growth during the watchful waiting period depended highly on the tumor's largest diameter at the beginning of surveillance. If the initial tumor diameter was smaller than 5 mm (32 cases), the tumor growth rate was 4+/-5.1 mm3/mo (mean+/-SD); if the initial tumor diameter was > or =5 mm (6 cases), the tumor growth rate was 870+/-1116 mm3/mo (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Small, recurrent papillary bladder tumors after resection of low-grade Ta tumor(s) pose minimal risk for the patient. A watchful waiting policy- without resection of the tumor-may be considered in these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Hadassah University Medical Center, Jerusalem, Israel. ong1000@netvision.net.il
authors.forename: Ofer N
authors.initials: ON
authors.lastname: Gofrit
authors.forename: Dov
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pode
authors.forename: Adi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lazar
authors.forename: Ran
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Katz
authors.forename: Amos
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shapiro
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D003558:Cystoscopy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000517:prevention & control; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures