title: Transcranial measurement of diffuse light reflectance from cold-injured brains in rats.
abstract: Diagnosis of brain edema is important to manage severe head injuries and diseases, but there is no method of noninvasive bedside monitoring of brain edema. We speculate that brain edema changes the optical properties of brain tissue. To verify this speculation, we perform transcranial measurement of diffuse light reflectance from cold-injured brains in rats. To induce edema, a liquid nitrogen-cooled copper probe of 3 mm diameter was applied to the right parietal bone for 60 s under anesthesia. The rat skull was irradiated with 633-nm HeNe laser light and 532-nm Nd:YVO4 laser light, which were used to investigate changes in light scattering and blood flow, respectively. Reflectance intensity was measured as functions of time and position on the skull. We found that reflectance intensities were significantly decreased around the cold injury at both 633 and 532 nm, while reflectance was increased in the cold injury at 532 nm, indicating that cerebral blood volume was decreased in the cold injury. Under the condition of decreased cerebral blood volume, the decrease in reflectance intensity around the injury suggests that the scattering coefficient of brain tissue was reduced due to edema formation in this area.
authors.affiliation: Keio University, Department of Electronics and Electrical Engineering, Kanagawa 223-8522, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Shunichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ashida
authors.forename: Hidetoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ooigawa
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nawashiro
authors.forename: Katsuji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shima
authors.forename: Daizoh
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Saitoh
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Minoru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Obara
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001929:Brain Edema / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D003080:Cold Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007834:Lasers; D008027:Light; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012031:Refractometry / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D012542:Scattering, Radiation