title: [Recurrence patterns of esophageal cancer after Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy--a report of 196 cases].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  About one half of the patients with esophageal cancer may recur within 3 years after operation, but the recurrence pattern is still unclear. This study was to investigate the recurrence patterns of esophageal cancer after Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Clinical data of 196 patients with squamous cell carcinoma of the middle third thoracic esophagus, who underwent Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy with two-field lymph node dissection from Jan. 1997 through Jan. 2001, were reviewed. The risk factors of postoperative recurrence within 3 years were analyzed with Logistic regressive model.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Recurrence was recognized in 96 (48.9%) patients within 3 year after operation. The median time to recurrence was 12.2 months. Of the 96 cases of recurrence, 52 (54.1%) were locoregional, including 41 cases (78.8%) of mediastinal lymph node metastasis, and 8 cases (15.3%) of single cervical lymph node metastasis; 44 (45.8%) were hematogenous, including 10 cases of locoregional-hematogenous recurrence, and mainly located at liver, bone, and lung (39, 88.6%). The locoregional recurrence rate was significantly lower in the patients who received postoperative radiotherapy than in the patients have not received postoperative radiotherapy (23.3% vs. 41.3%, P<0.05). Logistic analysis showed that T3 and N1 tumor were independent risk factors of postoperative tumor recurrence.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  About one half of the patients would develop recurrent disease within 3 years after Ivor-Lewis esophagectomy, and most of them were with mediastinal lymph node, liver, bone, or lung metastasis. Postoperative radiotherapy is helpful to control locoregional recurrence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Shandong Provincial Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, Shandong 250021, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Zhou
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiang-Yan
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Fan-Ying
authors.initials: FY
authors.lastname: Liu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D016629:Esophagectomy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000473:pathology*; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000453:epidemiology; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors