title: KI-67 immunopositivity in choroidal and ciliary body melanoma with respect to nucleolar diameter and other prognostic factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the association of cell proliferation in uveal melanoma with the mean of the 10 largest nucleoli (MLN), microvascular prognostic factors, and survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  Population-based, retrospective cohort study of 167 choroidal and ciliary body melanomas enucleated from 1972 to 1981. Mouse monoclonal antibody Ki-67 (clone 7B11) was used to identify proliferating cells. MLN was measured from silver stained slides. Kaplan-Meier and Cox regression analysis were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median number of Ki-67 immunopositive cells was 8 per tumor cross-section (range, 0-272) corresponding to a median of 0.30 cells/mm2. The percentage of immunopositive cells was 0.02% of all cells (range, 0-3.2). Tumors with epithelioid cells tended to have a higher percentage of immunopositive cells (p = 0.089). Ki-67 immunoreactivity, MLN, and presence of extravascular loops and networks were independent predictors of melanoma-related mortality, whereas Ki-67 immunoreactivity was not an independent predictor of mortality when presence of epithelioid cells was in the model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Taken together with previous data, the results of this population-based study support the theory that high cell proliferation index is associated with presence of epithelioid cells and that presence of a high cell proliferation index is associated with a higher risk of metastatic death independent of MLN, microvascular density, and presence extravascular loops and networks.
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmic Pathology Laboratory, Department of Ophthalmology, Helsinki University Central Hospital, Helsinki, Finland. ranaa.aljamal@hus.fi
authors.forename: Rana'a T
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Al-Jamal
authors.forename: Tero
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kivelä
mesh_terms: D002466:Cell Nucleolus / Q000473:pathology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002830:Choroid Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D002924:Ciliary Body / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D008264:Macrophages / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008545:Melanoma / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D015996:Survival Rate; D014604:Uveal Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D019394:Ki-67 Antigen