title: Fecal incontinence associated with epidural spinal hematoma and intervertebral disk extrusion in a dog.
abstract: METHODS
  A 7-year-old castrated male Great Dane was evaluated because of a 2-month history of fecal incontinence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On the basis of the presence of paraparesis and apparently normal spinal reflexes, the neurologic signs were localized in the region of the third thoracic to the third lumbar spinal cord segments. On the basis of the findings of magnetic resonance imaging, a presumptive diagnosis of a compressive intervertebral disk extrusion with secondary hemorrhage and epidural hematoma formation was made.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A right-sided hemil-aminectomy was performed (centered at the T13-L1 intervertebral space) to further characterize the lesion and decompress the spinal cord. The histopathologic diagnosis was extruded intervertebral disk material with chronic hemorrhage and inflammation. Three weeks after surgery, there was complete resolution of the dog's fecal incontinence and moderate improvements in its hind limb function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thoracolumbar spinal cord injuries can result in upper motor neuron fecal incontinence in ambulatory dogs. Epidural spinal hematomas may develop secondary to intervertebral disk herniations and cause spinal cord compression resulting in neurologic deficits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC 27606, USA.
authors.forename: Sofia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cerda-Gonzalez
authors.forename: Natasha J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Olby
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D004285:Dogs; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000209:etiology / Q000662:veterinary*; D046748:Hematoma, Epidural, Spinal / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery / Q000662:veterinary*; D007794:Lameness, Animal / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000662:veterinary; D008297:Male; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D016896:Treatment Outcome