title: Visual application of the American Board of Orthodontics Grading System.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Assessment of treatment outcomes has traditionally been accomplished using the subjective opinion of experienced clinicians. Reduced subjectivity in the assessment of orthodontic treatment can be achieved with the use of an occlusal index. To implement an index for quality assurance purposes is time-consuming and subject to the inherent error of the index. Quality assessment of orthodontic treatment on a routine basis has been difficult to implement in private practice.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether a clinician can accurately apply the American Board of Orthodontics Objective Grading System by direct visual inspection instead of measuring individual traits.
  
  
  METHODS
  A random sample of 30 cases was selected, including pretreatment and post-treatment upper and lower study casts and panoramic radiographs. The cases were examined and scored with the standardized measuring gauge according to the protocol provided by the American Board of Orthodontics (ABO). The records were re-examined 6 weeks later and the individual traits scored by visual inspection (VI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences between the pre- and post-treatment ABO gauge and VI scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests that occlusal traits defined by the ABO Objective Grading System can be accurately assessed by visual inspection. The VI score provides a simple and convenient method for critical evaluation of treatment outcome by a clinician.
authors.affiliation: School of Dentistry, The University of Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: Steven A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Terry J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Freer
mesh_terms: D006801:Humans; D003765:Models, Dental; D015588:Observer Variation; D009970:Orthodontics / Q000592:standards*; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000592:standards*; D018024:Peer Review, Health Care / Q000592:standards; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care / Q000592:standards*; D011862:Radiography, Panoramic; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D013044:Specialty Boards / Q000592:standards*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014481:United States