title: Characterization of a rice (Oryza sativa L.) gene encoding a temperature-dependent chloroplast omega-3 fatty acid desaturase.
abstract: A cDNA, designated Osfad8, encoding a chloroplast omega-3 fatty acid desaturase responsible for trienoic fatty acid formation, was isolated from the leaves of Oryza sativa L. by RT-PCR. Southern blot hybridization indicated that a small gene family composed of two copies or closely linked genes exists. RNA in situ hybridization showed that the accumulation of Osfad8 mRNA was abundant in leaves but hardly detectable in roots. The Osfad8 transcript level in leaves was much higher at 15 degrees C than at normal temperature (25 degrees C). In situ hybridization also showed particularly prominent expression of Osfad8 in the palisade layer and spongy parenchyma cells of leaves when exposed to 15 degrees C conditions for 5 days and 10 days. Two transgenic lines (8S-52 and 8S-101) harboring the Osfad8 ORF in sense orientation under the control of the CaMV 35S promoter contained increased levels of hexadecatrienoic (16:3) and linolenic (18:3) fatty acids. When exposed to 2 degrees C for 7 days, the damage observed to the control plants was significantly alleviated in the 8S-52 and 8S-101 lines. The amounts of trienoic fatty acids in an Osfad8 antisense line (8A-35) declined 40.2% compared to the control plants. The 8A-35 plants survived after growth at 44 degrees C for 3 days while the control plants died. These data suggest that Osfad8 encodes a temperature-dependent chloroplast omega-3 fatty acid desaturase.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Genetics, Ministry of Education Key Laboratory for Biodiversity Science and Ecological Engineering, School of Life Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Jingwen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ming
authors.forename: Jon
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pittman
authors.forename: Yingying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Daleng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shen
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002736:Chloroplasts / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000502:physiology; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant / Q000502:physiology; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008970:Molecular Weight; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D013696:Temperature; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D044943:Fatty Acid Desaturases; C078565:omega-3 fatty acid desaturase