title: Changes in magnesium concentration in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of neuropathic rats.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Central sensitization of neuropathic pain is associated with an influx of extracellular calcium via the opening of N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor-gated ion channels, which are usually blocked by magnesium plugs. As magnesium-deficient rats develop a mechanical hyperalgesia and intrathecal or intraperitoneal magnesium suppresses neuropathic pain, the magnesium concentrations in serum and cerebrospinal fluid may be altered in neuropathic pain. We therefore compared the magnesium concentrations in serum and cerebrospinal fluid of neuropathic rats with those in injured rats without symptoms of neuropathic pain and normal rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mechanical allodynia was induced in male Sprague-Dawley rats by tight ligature of the left lumbar fifth and sixth spinal nerves. The threshold of paw withdrawal was evaluated by the up-down method using withdrawal response to stimulus with a von Frey filament on the third, seventh and 14th days. Rats with a threshold of less than 4 g were selected as the symptomatic group and compared with an asymptomatic group, an unoperated control group and a sham-operated group. On the 16th day, the Mg2+ concentrations in serum and cerebrospinal fluid were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The magnesium concentrations in the serum and cerebrospinal fluid of symptomatic neuropathic rats did not differ from those in the injured rats without symptoms of neuropathic pain, sham-operated rats and normal rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results suggest that physiologic homeostasis is maintained by active transport through the blood-brain barrier despite the activation of NMDA receptor-gated ion channels. However, rats with neuropathic pain may be in a magnesium-deficient condition at the effector site, such that magnesium treatment can decrease neuropathic pain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Ulsan, Asan Medical Center, Songpa-gu, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: K D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Hahm
authors.forename: J W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Leem
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Han
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D008026:Ligation / Q000379:methods; D008274:Magnesium / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D008297:Male; D009437:Neuralgia / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010812:Physical Stimulation / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013127:Spinal Nerves / Q000293:injuries / Q000503:physiopathology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D008274:Magnesium; D002118:Calcium