[Comparison and discrimination of the biological characteristics between West Nile virus and Japanese encephalitis virus].
BACKGROUND
To compare the biological characteristics of West Nile virus (WNV) and Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV), including cells sensitivity, pathogenicity, viral morphology, as well as the results of immunological and molecular biological detection.


METHODS
Cytopathic effect (CPE) and pathogenicity were observed in C6/36 cells and in suckling mice inoculated intracerebrally with the WNV or JEV, respectively. The sliced tissue samples for electron microscopic examination were prepared for the morphologic observation of the viruses. Serum antibody to WNV or JEV was detected using indirect immunofluorescence assay (IFA), and the viral RNA was analyzed by RT-PCR method.


RESULTS
WNV or JEV-caused CPE was characterized by cell fusion and cell shedding, respectively. There was no significant difference in the pathogenicity to suckling mice between WNV and JEV. The morphologic observation showed that the shape and size of the two virions were similar. WNV and JEV were found to have antigenic cross-reactivity. The viral RNA could be detected from both WNV and JEV samples with universal primer set, but only nucleoside fragments of corresponding virus could be amplified when specific primers were used.


CONCLUSIONS
CPE in C6/36 cell and detection of the viral RNA should be useful in discrimination of WNV and JEV, and simultaneously examining the titers of serum antibodies against WNV and JEV may be helpful to diagnosis of infection with these agents.
Zhang
Jiu-song
JS
Beijing Institute of Microbiology and Epidemiology, State Key Laboratory of Pathogen and Biosecurity, Academy of Military Medical Sciences, Beijing 100071, China.
Zhang
Pan-he
PH
Si
Bing-yin
BY
Yang
Hong
H
Cao
Wu-chun
WC
D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000821:virology; D002460:Cell Line; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004664:Encephalitis Virus, Japanese / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D004672:Encephalitis, Japanese / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology*; D018177:Flavivirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology*; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D014902:West Nile virus / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*
D007074:Immunoglobulin G