title: [Invasive infections caused by Haemophilus influenzae type b after the institution of the conjugated vaccine on the expanded programm on immunization in Chile].
abstract: After almost a decade since the introduction of Haemophilus influenzae type b (Hib) conjugate vaccines in Chile (in a 2-4-6 month schedule), Hib invasive infections have dramatically decreased, albeit they remain to occasionally produce disease in pediatric patients. We report our experience with children whom developed Hib invasive disease in children since 2000 to 2004. Medical records of children with Hib were reviewed in order to describe the epidemiology, main clinical and laboratory findings, management and complications. Twenty three patients (17 male), between 1 and 71 months (median 30 months) were identified: pneumonia (7), meningitis (4), pleuropneumonia (2), empyema (2), sepsis (2), cellulitis (2), meningitis and pleuropneumonia (1), purpura fulminans (1), miositis (1) and epiglottitis (1). No deaths were observed and four patients presented severe sequelae at hospital discharge. Twenty patients were considered vaccine failures. Hib remains as a sporadic cause of severe disease in Chile and thus for physicians should still keep it in mind. Case analysis and active surveillance are necessary to monitor the current immunization regimen.
authors.affiliation: Programa de Medicina Intensiva Infantil, Universidad del Desarrollo-Clínica Alemana. pcruces@entelchile.net
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cruces R
authors.forename: Alejandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Donoso F
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Camacho A
authors.forename: Marcela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Llorente H
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D002677:Chile / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006192:Haemophilus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology*; D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D019741:Haemophilus influenzae type b / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007115:Immunization Schedule; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014611:Vaccination; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D018073:Haemophilus Vaccines; D018074:Vaccines, Conjugate