title: Serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 and venous bypass graft occlusion.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The primary results after coronary artery bypass grafting are good, but early clinical events as a result of graft occlusion are still a problem. Early occlusions are thought to be due to thrombosis or fibrointimal hyperplasia superimposed by thrombosis, but the etiology of these phenomena is not fully understood. Matrix metalloproteinase-9 has been suggested to have a role in graft occlusion ex vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated whether the level of serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 reflects its proposed role in occlusion of vein grafts. The study population consisted of 30 men with a history of myocardial infarction and 31 men without myocardial infarction who had undergone coronary artery bypass grafting. All the men were asymptomatic.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the patients with no previous myocardial infarction, serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 level was significantly higher in those with graft occlusion than in those without occlusion (54.0+/-11.0 microg/L and 41.7+/-10.4 microg/L, respectively, p = 0.006), and it correlated positively with the number of occluded grafts (R = 0.55, p = 0.001). In the patients with myocardial infarction, this effect was not detected.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Serum matrix metalloproteinase-9 reflected the occurrence of vein graft occlusion in subjects with no previous history of myocardial infarction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Tampere Medical School, FIN-33014 Tampere, Finland.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kalela
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Limnell
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Aittoniemi
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Virtanen
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Jaakkola
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lehtimäki
authors.forename: S T
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Nikkari
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000097:blood; D001026:Coronary Artery Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects; D006083:Graft Occlusion, Vascular / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000097:blood; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D014680:Veins / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D001323:Autoantibodies; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; C099252:oxidized low density lipoprotein; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9