title: ZAP-70 expression in normal pro/pre B cells, mature B cells, and in B-cell acute lymphoblastic leukemia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The ZAP-70 gene is normally expressed in T and natural killer cells, where it is required for the T-cell receptor (TCR) signaling. More recently, it has been described that ZAP-70 contributes to the B-cell development at early stages of B-cell differentiation in mice. The purpose was to investigate the presence of ZAP-70 in normal pro/pre B cells and mature B cells and in tumoral cells from B-acute lymphoblastic leukemias (B-ALL).
  
  
  METHODS
  ZAP-70 expression was ascertained by flow cytometry, immunofluorescence, Western blot, and quantitative reverse transcription-PCR. Analysis of ZAP-70 and other signaling proteins of the pre-TCR/TCR was done by Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  ZAP-70 was expressed in pro/pre B cells but not in normal mature B cells derived from bone marrow, peripheral blood, or tonsil. Among tumoral cells, ZAP-70 was expressed in 56% of B-ALLs with pro/pre B-cell phenotype and in 4 of 6 Burkitt/ALL lymphomas. In B-ALL cells, expression of CD38 protein correlated with ZAP-70 expression (P = 0.05). Mutational analysis of the ZAP-70 gene revealed the absence of mutations in cases lacking ZAP-70 expression. Moreover, other elements of the pre-TCR/TCR signaling pathway, like LAT and Lck, were also found in B-ALL cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Among normal B-cell subsets, ZAP-70 was found expressed in normal pro/pre B cells but not in a significant proportion of normal B cells with mature phenotype. Moreover, the presence of ZAP-70 in B-ALLs probably reflects their cellular origin. The lack of ZAP-70 expression in normal mature B cells suggests that its expression in mature-derived neoplasms with different cellular origin, such as Burkitt's lymphoma and chronic lymphocytic leukemia, might be due to an aberrant phenomenon.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Institut d'Investigacions Biomèdiques August Pi i Sunyer, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Marta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Crespo
authors.forename: Neus
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Villamor
authors.forename: Eva
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Giné
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Muntañola
authors.forename: Dolors
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Colomer
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Marafioti
authors.forename: Margaret
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: Mireia
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Camós
authors.forename: Elias
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Campo
authors.forename: Emili
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Montserrat
authors.forename: Francesc
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bosch
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism*; D002051:Burkitt Lymphoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D015973:Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic; D006412:Hematopoietic Stem Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010641:Phenotype; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell / Q000378:metabolism; D051746:ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D011948:Receptors, Antigen, T-Cell; D051746:ZAP-70 Protein-Tyrosine Kinase; C497261:ZAP70 protein, human