title: Aerobic biodegradation of 4-methylpyridine and 4-ethylpyridine by newly isolated Pseudonocardia sp. strain M43.
abstract: A filamentous bacterium capable of utilizing 4-methylpyridine and 4-ethylpyridine as the sole source of carbon, nitrogen and energy was isolated from sludge. The organism, designated as strain M43, clustered most closely with members of the genus Pseudonocardia by 16S rRNA gene sequence analysis. During the degradation of 4-methylpyridine and 4-ethylpyridine, c. 60% of nitrogen in the pyridine ring was released as ammonia. Metabolite analyses showed that 2-hydroxy-4-methylpyridine and 2-hydroxy-4-ethylpyridine were transiently accumulated during the degradation of 4-methylpyridine and 4-ethylpyridine, respectively. Strain M43 was also able to degrade pyridine, 3,4-dimethylpyridine, 4-carboxypyridine and 2-hydroxy-4-methylpyridine. The results indicate that degradation of 4-methylpyridine and 4-ethylpyridine by strain M43 proceeded via initial hydroxylation.
authors.affiliation: Nakdong River Environment Research Laboratory, National Institute of Environmental Research, Kyungpook, Korea. jjlee@me.go.kr
authors.forename: Jay J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Jung-Hoon
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yoon
authors.forename: Sang-Yong
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Sung-Taik
authors.initials: ST
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000192:Actinomycetales / Q000145:classification / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D000332:Aerobiosis; D001420:Bacteria, Aerobic; D015373:Bacterial Typing Techniques; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D003470:Culture Media; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D010847:Picolines / Q000378:metabolism*; D011725:Pyridines / Q000378:metabolism*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology*; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D010847:Picolines; D011725:Pyridines; D012722:Sewage; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical