title: Severe hypersomnolence associated with periodic limb movements and central sleep apnea in a cocaine addicted HIV patient.
abstract: Drugs such as cocaine and amphetamines potentiate the effect of epinephrine and norepinephrine on the brain and act as stimulants. Here, we report a case of paradoxical severe hypersomnolence from cocaine use in an HIV cocaine-addicted patient. We describe a possible pathomechanism for cocaine depletion at the synapse, causing decreased synaptic activation and leading to sleepiness.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102-1192, USA.
authors.forename: Raghunandan Dudda
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Subramanya
authors.forename: Siva
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ramachandran
mesh_terms: D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006970:Disorders of Excessive Somnolence / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006716:Homosexuality; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020189:Nocturnal Myoclonus Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020182:Sleep Apnea, Central / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012894:Sleep Stages / Q000502:physiology; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D020293:Vasculitis, Central Nervous System / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging