title: mdr-1 single nucleotide polymorphisms in ovarian cancer tissue: G2677T/A correlates with response to paclitaxel chemotherapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  P-glycoprotein, encoded by the mdr-1 gene, confers multidrug resistance to a variety of antineoplastic agents, e.g., paclitaxel. Recently, different polymorphisms in the mdr-1 gene have been identified and their consequences for the function of P-glycoprotein, as well as for the treatment response to P-glycoprotein substrates, are being clarified. We analyzed the allelic frequencies at polymorphic sites G2677T/A and C3435T in ovarian cancer patients with good or poor response to treatment with paclitaxel in combination with carboplatin in order to evaluate their predictive values.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-three patients were included in the study; 28 of them had been relapse-free for at least 1 year and 25 had progressive disease or relapsed within 12 months. A reference material consisting of 200 individuals was also analyzed. The genotypes of each single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) were determined using Pyrosequencing.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The G2677T/A SNP was found to significantly correlate with treatment outcome. The probability of responding to paclitaxel treatment was higher in homozygously mutated patients (T/T or T/A; Fisher's exact test; P < 0.05). The frequency of the T or A alleles was also higher in the group of patients who had a good response (P < 0.05). There was also a dose-dependent influence of the number of mutated alleles on the response to paclitaxel treatment (chi2 test for linear-by-linear association; P = 0.03). However, the C3435T SNP was not found to correlate to treatment outcome.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The mdr-1 polymorphism G2677T/A in exon 21 correlates with the paclitaxel response in ovarian cancer and may be important for the function of P-glycoprotein and resistance to paclitaxel and provide useful information for individualized therapy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Department of Medicine and Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Sweden. henrik.green@imv.liu.se
authors.forename: Henrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gréen
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Söderkvist
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rosenberg
authors.forename: György
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Horvath
authors.forename: Curt
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peterson
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis / Q000379:methods; D018450:Disease Progression; D005091:Exons; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000601:surgery; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012008:Recurrence; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D016190:Carboplatin; D017239:Paclitaxel