title: Management of hyperglycemic emergencies.
abstract: The prevalence of diabetes mellitus makes the occurrence of hyperglycemic emergencies a key component in clinical practice. The expert nurse is well positioned to manage both diabetic ketoacidosis and hyperosmolar hyperglycemic states. Patient care management includes a high index of suspicion for awareness for the possibility of diabetic ketoacidosis or hyperosmolar hyperglycemic states in patients based on a multifactorial etiology, evidence-based treatment of the emergent episode, and tertiary prevention to prevent recurrent episodes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, State University of New York at Brockport and Rochester General Hospital, 14621, USA. ZaraRN@aol.com
authors.forename: Zara R
authors.initials: ZR
authors.lastname: Brenner
mesh_terms: D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015984:Causality; D003422:Critical Care / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D016883:Diabetic Ketoacidosis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D004630:Emergencies / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000451:nursing*; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005190:Family / Q000523:psychology; D005440:Fluid Therapy; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia; D006944:Hyperglycemic Hyperosmolar Nonketotic Coma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000628:therapy*; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008991:Monitoring, Physiologic / Q000451:nursing; D024802:Nurse's Role; D009730:Nursing Assessment; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D015995:Prevalence; D012008:Recurrence; D012121:Respiration, Artificial
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin