title: Infantile midline facial hemangioma with agenesis of the corpus callosum and sinus pericranii: another face of the PHACE syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In the majority of cases, infantile hemangiomas are not associated with any other abnormalities. Occasionally, they may indicate the presence of systemic malformations. PHACE syndrome includes the coexistence of hemangioma, posterior fossa brain abnormalities, arterial anomalies, coarctation of the aorta, cardiac defects, and eye abnormalities. We report a case of a 2-month-old female with PHACE syndrome who also had sinus pericranii.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 2-month-old girl was seen for a plaque-like, segmental, midfacial hemangioma, with recurrent hemorrhages, noted at birth. As part of the PHACE syndrome, she had a midline facial hemangioma, absent corpus callosum, hypoplastic internal carotid artery, and an abnormal tortuous dysplastic basilar artery. Digital subtraction angiography showed sinus pericranii. The patient underwent successful endovascular embolization of the hemangioma that prevented further bleeding.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sinus pericranii is a rare finding that has not, to our knowledge, been previously associated with PHACE syndrome. Central nervous system, not only posterior fossa, abnormalities are frequently encountered in PHACE syndrome. Endovascular embolization of the facial hemangioma in our patient was a useful therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology and Cutaneous Surgery, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33131, USA. adrosou@med.miami.edu
authors.forename: Anna
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Drosou
authors.forename: Latanya
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Benjamin
authors.forename: Italo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Linfante
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mallin
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Trowers
authors.forename: Ajay K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Wakhloo
authors.forename: Seth R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Thaller
authors.forename: Lawrence A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Schachner
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple; D061085:Agenesis of Corpus Callosum; D004621:Embolization, Therapeutic; D005153:Facial Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006391:Hemangioma / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D020779:Sinus Pericranii; D013577:Syndrome
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D011239:Prednisolone