title: Transdermal rivastigmine treatment does not worsen impaired performance of complex motions in patients with Alzheimer's disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is a debate about the deterioration of fine motor behavior during treatment with cholinesterase inhibitors.
  
  
  METHODS
  We used an instrumental motor test, which demands a complex motion series. Thereby we assessed motor function in patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD), in patients with mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and in controls. We also performed this task and a complex reaction time paradigm (CRT) during a six-week open-label safety study using transdermal delivery of the cholinesterase inhibitor rivastigmine.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate (1) the performance of complex movements during deterioration of cognitive function and (2) the impact of rivastigmine on fine motor behavior and CRT outcomes in AD patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were significant differences in the motor test outcomes, particularly when performed with the left non-dominant hand, between controls and patients with AD and MCI. Rivastigmine did not deteriorate assessed fine motor skills and CRT results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study shows an impaired carrying out of complex motion series during neurodegeneration associated with cognitive dysfunction. Rivastigmine selectively inhibits the predominant cortical and hippocampal G1 cholinesterase isoform; therefore, hypothetically no deterioration of fine motor behavior appeared during transdermal rivastigmine treatment. We assume that a putative drug-induced increase in speed and attention did not offset a deterioration of motion performance because we found no significant changes in the CRT results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, St. Josef Hospital, Ruhr University Bochum, Bochum, Germany.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muhlack
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Przuntek
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Müller
mesh_terms: D000279:Administration, Cutaneous; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D001288:Attention / Q000187:drug effects; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009068:Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D048448:Phenylcarbamates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000187:drug effects; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D000068836:Rivastigmine
chemical_list: D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D048448:Phenylcarbamates; D000068836:Rivastigmine