title: Meta-analysis of the relationship between alcohol consumption and coronary heart disease and mortality in type 2 diabetic patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This systematic review examines the relationship between alcohol consumption and long-term complications of type 2 diabetes. Meta-analyses could only be performed for total mortality, mortality from CHD, and CHD incidence, because the availability of articles on other complications was too limited.
  
  
  METHODS
  A PubMed search through to September 2005 was performed and the reference lists of relevant articles examined. Among the relevant articles there were six cohort studies reporting on the risk of total mortality and/or fatal and/or incident CHD in alcohol non-consumers and in at least two groups of alcohol consumers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Statistical pooling showed lower risks in alcohol consumers than in non-consumers (the reference category). The relative risk (RR) of total mortality was 0.64 (95% CI 0.49-0.82) in the <6 g/day category. In the higher alcohol consumption categories (6 to <18, and > or =18 g/day), the RRs of total mortality were not significant. Risks of fatal and total CHD were significantly lower in all three categories of alcohol consumers (<6, 6 to <18 and > or =18 g/day) than in non-consumers, with RRs ranging from 0.34 to 0.75.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This meta-analysis shows that, as with findings in the general population, moderate alcohol consumption is associated with a lower risk of mortality and CHD in type 2 diabetic populations.
authors.affiliation: EMGO Institute, VU University Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081, BT, Amsterdam, the Netherlands. l.koppes@vumc.nl
authors.forename: L L J
authors.initials: LL
authors.lastname: Koppes
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Dekker
authors.forename: H F J
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Hendriks
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Bouter
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Heine
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors