title: A comparison of two meperidine/hydroxyzine sedation regimens for the uncooperative pediatric dental patient.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to compare the safety and efficacy of submucosal-administered meperidine (SM) and oral-administered meperidine (OM). Both regimens were used in conjunction with oral hydroxyzine for the sedation of children for dental treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty preschool-age children, with previous histories of uncooperative behavior, were randomly assigned to first receive a sedation regimen of either SM (0.5 mg/ lb), or OM (1 mg/lb), both with oral hydroxyzine (0.5 mg/lb). A cross-over design was utilized so that each child received both regimens. Safety was monitored through vital signs and side effects. Efficacy was measured with Houpt and Frankl behavior ratings.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Vital signs remained stable during both treatments. Differences noted were clinically insignificant. The major side effects reported during submucosal injection included pain (58%) and edema (26%). All blinded behavior ratings, in both sedation regimens, significantly improved from presedation Frankl ratings. No significant differences existed between treatments. Success was 63% in the SM group and 80% in the OM group. The percentages were not statistically significant (P=.219).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both methods of administration were found to be safe and effective for sedating uncooperative pediatric dental patients. Neither was significantly more effective or safer than the other.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Dentistry, Baylor College of Dentistry, Dallas, TX, USA. jcathers@msn.com
authors.forename: Justin W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Cathers
authors.forename: Carolyn F G
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Michael D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Webb
authors.forename: Marta E D
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schiffman
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Taylor
mesh_terms: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000766:Anesthesia, Dental / Q000379:methods*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D019140:Dental Care for Children / Q000379:methods*; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006919:Hydroxyzine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008614:Meperidine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010349:Patient Compliance; D014798:Vital Statistics
chemical_list: D000701:Analgesics, Opioid; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D006919:Hydroxyzine; D008614:Meperidine