title: Canine visceral leishmaniosis: a comparative analysis of the EIE-leishmaniose-visceral-canina-Bio-Manguinhos and the IFI-leishmaniose-visceral-canina-Bio-Manguinhos kits.
abstract: This study evaluated the performance of the EIE-leishmaniose-visceral-canina-Bio-Manguinhos (EIE-LVC) kit and to compare it with that of the IFI-leishmaniose-visceral-canina-Bio-Manguinhos (IFI-LVC) kit. Four groups of dogs were studied: group 1 (G1), dogs with clinical signs indicative of CVL and testing positive for the parasite (n = 25); group 2 (G2), dogs with only a presumed diagnosis of CVL (n = 62); group 3 (G3), dogs that had never lived in an area where CVL is endemic and never received a blood transfusion (n = 16); group 4 (G4), dogs carrying other parasites: such as babesiosis (n = 4), ehrlichiosis (n = 6) and demodicosis (n = 1). G1 and G3 were used for the calculation of sensitivity and specificity, respectively. The EIE-LVC showed a sensitivity of 72% (IC 95%: 50.4-87.1%) and a specificity of 87.5% (IC 95%: 60.4-97.8%). The value of the kappa index was 0.975 (CI 95%: 0.926-1.024), which represents an excellent fit. For IFI-LVC, the sensitivity was 68.0% (CI 95%: 46.4-84.3%) and the specificity 87.5% (CI 95%: 60.4-97.8%). When the tests were conducted in parallel, sensitivity was 92.0% (CI 95%: 72.5-98.6%) and specificity 75.0% (CI 95%: 47.4-91.7%). However, when conducted consecutively, the tests showed a sensitivity of 48.0% (CI 95%: 28.3-68.2%) and a specificity of 100.0% (CI 95%: 75.9-99.4%). The analysis of clinically suspected dogs using IFI-LVC and EIE-LVC kits in parallel, revealed that 26/62 animals were positive. Cross-reaction was observed in a dog with demodicosis. These results lead to the following conclusions: (1) the performance of the EIE-LVC kit is not statistically different from the IFI-LVC and (2) the kits must be used in parallel if higher sensitivity is required, reducing the number of false-negative results.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Imunologia, Centro de Pesquisas Aggeu Magalhães/CPqAM, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz/FIOCRUZ, Av. Moraes Rego s/n, Cidade Universitária, 50670-420, Recife-PE, Brazil.
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Lira
authors.forename: M Paiva
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Cavalcanti
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakazawa
authors.forename: A G P
authors.initials: AG
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: E D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: F G C
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Abath
authors.forename: L C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Alves
authors.forename: W V
authors.initials: WV
authors.lastname: Souza
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Gomes
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood*; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan / Q000276:immunology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D004285:Dogs; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques / Q000379:methods / Q000662:veterinary; D007893:Leishmania donovani / Q000276:immunology*; D007898:Leishmaniasis, Visceral / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic / Q000592:standards / Q000662:veterinary*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013045:Species Specificity
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D000953:Antigens, Protozoan; D011933:Reagent Kits, Diagnostic; D011994:Recombinant Proteins