title: Communication skills and cultural awareness courses for healthcare professionals who care for patients with sickle cell disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This paper reports a project evaluating the efficacy and impact of a pilot communication skills and cultural awareness course for healthcare professionals who care for patients with sickle cell disease.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Poor communication between patients with sickle cell disease and healthcare professionals causes suspicion and mistrust. Many patients feel that they are negatively labelled by the healthcare system and are sceptical of opening themselves to an unsympathetic system. They may therefore appear hostile and aggressive when interacting with healthcare professionals, which in turn leads to distortions and misunderstandings between both groups. The use of good communication skills by healthcare professionals is therefore vital for good healthcare practice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-seven healthcare professionals took part in a series of three pilot courses each lasting 3 days. Healthcare professionals were taught a repertoire of communication skills and cultural awareness strategies to use in challenging situations that arise in their care of sickle cell patients. Expert facilitators used a variety of teaching techniques, such as professionally-made videos, role-play, and group exercises. Participants' confidence in dealing with challenging situations was assessed at baseline, immediately after the intervention, and at 3- and 6-month postintervention.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A repeated measures anova revealed a statistically significant increase in confidence from pre- to postcourse scores. Confidence scores further increased from immediately postcourse and 3 months postcourse follow-up. These were then maintained at 6 months postcourse.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The overall findings of this local study demonstrated that this type of communication skills and cultural awareness training had a positive and enduring impact on professionals' perceived ability and confidence in communicating with patients with sickle cell disease. Participants attributed this to the learner-centred approach of the course that provided them with the opportunity to transfer and apply the taught skills in their daily practice. This type of training might be helpful in reducing mistrust and increasing empathetic responses in healthcare professional.
authors.affiliation: Consultant Health Psychologist, Department of Haematology, Guy's and St Thomas' NHS Foundation Trust, London, UK. nicky.thomas@gstt.nhs.uk
authors.forename: Veronica J
authors.initials: VJ
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cohn
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000628:therapy*; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001364:Awareness; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003142:Communication; D003469:Culture; D003479:Curriculum; D004502:Education, Medical, Continuing / Q000379:methods; D004509:Education, Nursing, Continuing; D005260:Female; D006282:Health Personnel / Q000193:education*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D013663:Teaching