Maxillary sinus floor grafting with beta-tricalcium phosphate in humans: density and microarchitecture of the newly formed bone.
OBJECTIVE
Graft insertion can effectively enhance the regeneration of debilitated bone. The effects of an alloplastic bone-replacing material, beta-tricalcium phosphate (Cerasorb), and of autogenous bone graft were compared.


METHODS
In 17 edentulous patients, the maxillary sinus floor was extremely atrophied to such an extent that implant placement was impossible. The Schneiderian membrane was surgically elevated bilaterally by insertion of Cerasorb (experimental side) and autogenous bone graft (control side). After surgery, the recovery was followed clinically and radiologically. After 6 months, 68 bone cylinders were excised from the grafted areas and implants were inserted into their places. The bone samples were embedded into resin, and the osteointegration of the grafts was studied histologically. Trabecular bone volume (TBV) and trabecular bone pattern factor (TBPf) were quantified by histomorphometry.


RESULTS
Cerasorb proved to be an effective bone-replacing material with osteoconductivity; it was capable of gradual disintegration, thereby providing space for the regenerating bone. The new bone density was not significantly different on the experimental and control sides (32.4+/-10.9% and 34.7+/-11.9%, respectively). However, the graft biodegradation was significantly slower on the experimental side than the control side. The TBPf value was lower on the control side than on the experimental side (-0.53+/-1.7 and -0.11+/-1.4 mm(-1), respectively), but this difference was not significant.


CONCLUSIONS
Six months after insertion of the grafts, the bone of the augmented sinus floor was strong and suitable for anchorage of dental implants, irrespective of whether autogenous bone or Cerasorb particles had been applied.
Suba
Zsuzsanna
Z
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary. suba@szajseb.sote.hu
Takács
Daniel
D
Matusovits
Danica
D
Barabás
József
J
Fazekas
András
A
Szabó
György
G
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D015519:Bone Density; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000502:physiology; D018786:Bone Substitutes; D016025:Bone Transplantation; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008443:Maxillary Sinus / Q000601:surgery*; D008875:Middle Aged; D013516:Oral Surgical Procedures, Preprosthetic / Q000379:methods*; D016348:Osseointegration
D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; C485817:beta-tricalcium phosphate