title: Ethnicity versus migration: two hypotheses about the psychosocial adjustment of immigrant adolescents.
abstract: STUDY BACKGROUND AND AIMS: This study investigates the psychosocial adjustment of immigrant adolescents and examines two hypotheses: the ethnicity hypothesis, which suggests that ethnic background determines the psychosocial reactions of immigrant adolescents; and the migration hypothesis, which suggests that the migration experience determines such reactions.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study compared four groups of respondents: first-generation immigrants (N = 63) and second-generation immigrants (N = 64) from the former Soviet Union (FSU) in Israel; and Jewish (N = 212) and non-Jewish (N = 184) adolescents in the FSU. A self-report questionnaire administered to the respondents collected demographic, educational and psychological data using standardised scales.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Immigrant adolescents reported higher psychological distress, lower self-esteem and higher alchohol consumption than non-immigrant adolescents. Second-generation immigrants generally showed a higher level of functioning than first-generation immigrants. These findings favor the migration hypothesis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings support the widely accepted view of migration as a potentially distress-provoking experience. They suggest that psychological reactions of immigrant adolescents, and in fact all immigrants, are best interpreted as reactive and are related to the universal stressful qualities of the migration experience. Further multiethnic comparative studies, however, are needed to confirm and refine these findings.
authors.affiliation: Social Work Department, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer-Sheva, Israel. slonim@bgu.ac.il
authors.forename: Vered
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Slonim-Nevo
authors.forename: Yana
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sharaga
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mirsky
authors.forename: Vadim
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Petrovsky
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Borodenko
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology; D007585:Jews / Q000523:psychology; D008297:Male; D012649:Self Concept; D012917:Social Adjustment; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014586:USSR / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology