Biological and clinical rationale for early implant loading.
This article questions whether early implant loading always leads to pseudointegration, as postulated by Branemark's original protocol, or whether the waiting period of 3 to 6 months can be significantly shortened in specific clinical situations and refined surgical protocols. The rationale for immediate loading of dental implants is discussed, and the evidence that immediate loading leads to implant fibrous encapsulation is reviewed. This evidence is opposed by conflicting indications that early loading induces bone growth. Micro- and macromovement are defined, and their role, as well as the importance of implant surface in the early loading protocol, is discussed. Recently published landmark human clinical trials on early implant loading also are reviewed, along with clinical, surgical, and prosthetic tips to take into consideration when planning an early implant loading case.
Klinger
Avigdor
A
Department of Periodontics, Oral Implant Center, The Hebrew University and Hadassah School of Dental Medicine, Jerusalem, Israel.
Mijiritsky
Eitan
E
Kohavi
David
D
D003758:Dental Implantation, Endosseous / Q000379:methods*; D015921:Dental Implants; D006801:Humans; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry; D016474:Weight-Bearing
D015921:Dental Implants; D014025:Titanium