title: Binational study of pediatric blood lead levels along the United States/Mexico border.
abstract: To evaluate lead exposure among children living in border communities, the states of Arizona and New Mexico in the United States (US), and the states of Sonora and Chihuahua in Mexico collaboratively requested that the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) provide technical assistance to document pediatric blood lead levels (BLLs) in children living along this part of the US/Mexico border. Two studies were conducted to evaluate BLLs of children aged 1-6 years. In 1998, 1210 children were tested in the Arizona/Sonora study; in 1999, 874 children were tested in New Mexico/Chihuahua. Overall geometric mean BLL was 32.5 microg/l (95% Confidence Interval 31.5-33.5) with BLLs ranging from below limit of detection to 320.0 microg/l. Mean BLLs were higher among children living on the Mexican side of the border (43.2 microg/l) compared to those on the US side (22.3 microg/l). Mean BLLs ranged from 14.9 to 31.2 microg/l at the US sites and from 26.9 to 55.2 microg/l at the Mexican sites. This study used a convenience sample and cannot be considered representative of the general population. Nonetheless, the range of mean BLLs among the sites and especially the higher mean BLLs among children living in the border communities in Mexico suggests different exposures to lead and warrants further attention.
authors.affiliation: Health Studies Branch, Division of Environmental Hazards and Health Effects, MS-F-46, National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA 30341, USA.
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cowan
authors.forename: Emilio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Esteban
authors.forename: Rebecca
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: McElroy-Hart
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kieszak
authors.forename: Pamela A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: Cecilia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rosales
authors.forename: Martha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Applegate
authors.forename: Gerardo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mada Vélez
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Arias-Ortiz
authors.forename: Carol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rubin
mesh_terms: D001130:Arizona / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007391:International Cooperation; D007854:Lead / Q000097:blood*; D007855:Lead Poisoning / Q000208:ethnology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D009516:New Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D010865:Pilot Projects
chemical_list: D007854:Lead