title: Ultrasonographic study of postcibal gastro-esophageal reflux and gastric emptying in infants with recurrent respiratory disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To check the utility of postcibal ultrasonography for the evaluation of reflux in relation to gastric emptying in infants with recurrent respiratory symptoms and to link imaging with clinical data.
  
  
  METHODS
  Esophageal reflux (hyperechoic retrograde filling) and gastric emptying (antral areas) were quantified before and after ingestion of a standard formula in 35 untreated infants (13 with chronic cough, 22 with recurrent bronchitis) and in 31 controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of abnormal (> or =8 episodes) postcibal refluxes was 74% in patients and 3% in controls. Number, duration of the longest episode and extent of refluxes were significantly higher in patients compared to controls. Number of refluxes was higher in patients with symptomatic refluxes than in those without. Infants with recurrent bronchitis had more refluxes than those with chronic cough and controls. Extent and timing of gastric emptying were similar in patients and controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Esophageal ultrasonography is a useful and physiological test in infants with recurrent respiratory diseases, which have a high prevalence of abnormal postcibal esophageal reflux and a gastric emptying similar to that of normal controls. Esophageal reflux is more severe in subjects with recurrent bronchitis than in those with chronic cough.
authors.affiliation: Division of Internal Medicine, P.O. Bisceglie, 70052 Bisceglie (BA), Italy. agostinodiciaula@tiscali.it
authors.forename: Agostino
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Ciaula
authors.forename: Piero
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Portincasa
authors.forename: Leonardo
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Di Terlizzi
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Paternostro
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Palasciano
mesh_terms: D001991:Bronchitis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003371:Cough / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005746:Gastric Emptying; D005764:Gastroesophageal Reflux / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D012008:Recurrence; D012140:Respiratory Tract Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D014463:Ultrasonography