title: Comparative cytoprotective activity of vitamin C, E and beta-carotene against chromium induced oxidative stress in murine macrophages.
abstract: The present study reports the cytoprotective efficacy of vitamin C, E and beta-carotene against chromium (VI) induced oxidative stress in murine macrophages. Addition of chromium (VI) resulted in enhanced cytotoxicity as revealed by fall in neutral red uptake and increase in LDH release compared to control cells. Further there was an appreciable increase in apoptosis, ROS production and fall in reduced glutathione (GSH), glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) activities. Chromium also inhibited macrophage proliferation and phagocytic activity. Addition of vitamin C but not vitamin E and beta-carotene inhibited chromium induced cytotoxicity, ROS generation and apoptosis. Vitamin C significantly inhibited NO production, enhanced macrophage proliferation and phagocytic activity while vitamin E and beta-carotene had marginal effect.
authors.affiliation: Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi 110054, India.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vandana
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ram
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ilavazhagan
authors.forename: G D
authors.initials: GD
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: P K
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Banerjee
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D002857:Chromium / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D010587:Phagocytosis; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019207:beta Carotene / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D019207:beta Carotene; D002857:Chromium; D014810:Vitamin E; D020169:Caspases; D001205:Ascorbic Acid