Transcription in four dimensions: nuclear receptor-directed initiation of gene expression.
Regulated gene expression, achieved through the coordinated assembly of transcription factors, co-regulators and the basal transcription machinery on promoters, is an initial step in accomplishing cell specificity and homeostasis. Traditional models of transcriptional regulation tend to be static, although gene expression profiles change with time to adapt to developmental and environmental cues. Furthermore, biochemical and structural studies have determined that initiation of transcription progresses through a series of ordered events. By integrating time into the analysis of transcription, chromatin immunoprecipitation assays and live-cell imaging techniques have revealed the dynamic, cooperative, functionally redundant and cyclical nature of gene expression. In this review, we present a dynamic model of gene transcription that integrates data obtained by these two techniques.
Métivier
Raphaël
R
UMR CNRS 6026 (ICM), Equipe EMR, Université de Rennes I, Campus de Beaulieu, 35042 Rennes Cedex, France.
Reid
George
G
Gannon
Frank
F
D000818:Animals; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000235:genetics; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D036681:Fluorescence Recovery After Photobleaching; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000235:genetics*; D014157:Transcription Factors; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D014157:Transcription Factors