title: Inability of laser and rotary instrumentation to eliminate root canal infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The authors evaluated the antibacterial effectiveness of laser instrumentation and rotary instrumentation of anterior, single-rooted teeth infected with Enterococcus faecalis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The authors divided 35 infected samples into five groups: Group A: inoculation, laser, 17 percent ethylene-diamine-tetra-acetate (EDTA), 2.5 percent sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl) (n=10); Group B: inoculation, laser, 17 percent EDTA, sterile saline (n = 10); Group C: inoculation, rotary, 17 percent EDTA, 2.5 percent NaOCl (n=10); Group D: inoculation, no instrumentation (positive control) (n=5); Group E: no inoculation, no instrumentation (negative control) (n=5). They sampled and incubated dentin shavings from each canal for bacterial growth.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In Group A, eight tubes were positive for bacterial growth. In Group B, 10 tubes were positive for bacterial growth. In Group C, six tube were positive for bacterial growth. In Group D, all of the tubes were positive for bacterial growth. In Group E, no tubes showed bacterial growth. The Fisher exact test showed no significant differences among groups A, E and C.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Neither the laser nor the rotary instrumentation was able to eliminate endodontic infection.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although lasers have been presented as high-tech tools for disinfecting root canals, the laser was ineffective in this study.
authors.affiliation: Division of Endodontics, School of Dental and Oral Surgery, Columbia University, 630 West 168th St., P.O. Box, 20 (PH7E-117), New York, NY 10032, USA. dm762@Columbia.edu
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jha
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Guerrero
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ngo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Helfer
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hasselgren
mesh_terms: D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003722:Dental Alloys / Q000737:chemistry; D003782:Dental Pulp / Q000382:microbiology; D003786:Dental Pulp Cavity / Q000382:microbiology*; D003804:Dentin / Q000382:microbiology; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000254:growth & development*; D016908:Gram-Positive Bacterial Infections / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation*; D009532:Nickel / Q000737:chemistry; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018915:Root Canal Preparation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002614:Chelating Agents; D003722:Dental Alloys; D004202:Disinfectants; D012388:Root Canal Irrigants; C040654:titanium nickelide; D012965:Sodium Chloride; D009532:Nickel; D004492:Edetic Acid; D014025:Titanium; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite