title: The cyclin-dependent kinase 2 inhibitor down-regulates interleukin-1beta-mediated induction of cyclooxygenase-2 expression in human lung carcinoma cells.
abstract: Overexpression of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is frequently observed in several human cancers, including lung, colon, and head and neck. Malignancies are also associated with the dysregulation of cell cycle events and concomitant elevated activity of cyclin-dependent kinases (CDK). CDK2 is a key cell cycle regulatory protein that controls the transition of cells from G(1) to S phase. In this study, we furnish several lines of evidence that show a functional role for the CDK2 in interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta)-induced COX-2 expression in H358 human non-small cell lung carcinoma cell line by blocking CDK2 activity. First, we show that BMS-387032, a potent CDK2 inhibitor, blocks IL-1beta-induced expression as well as steady-state mRNA levels of COX-2. Second, we show that small interfering RNA that abrogates CDK2 expression also blocks IL-1beta-induced COX-2 expression. Third, results from in vitro kinase assays clearly show that IL-1beta induces CDK2 activity in H358 cells and this activity is significantly inhibited by BMS-387032. Moreover, CDK2 inhibition blocks IL-1beta-induced binding to the NF-IL6 element of the COX-2 promoter and inhibits transcription of the COX-2 gene. We also observed that BMS-387032 does not inhibit endogenous expression of COX-2 or prostaglandin synthesis in lung carcinoma cells. Finally, we provide evidence showing that IL-1beta-induced signaling events, such as p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase, phosphorylated stress-activated protein kinase/c-Jun NH(2)-terminal kinase, phosphorylated AKT, and phosphorylated extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, are not inhibited by CDK2 inhibitor. Taken together, the data suggest that CDK2 activity may play an important event in the IL-1beta-induced COX-2 expression and prostaglandin E(2) synthesis and might represent a novel target for BMS-387032.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Division of Molecular Radiation Biology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, 2201 Inwood Road, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
authors.forename: Partha
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mukhopadhyay
authors.forename: M Aktar
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ali
authors.forename: Animesh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nandi
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carreon
authors.forename: Hak
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Choy
authors.forename: Debabrata
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Saha
mesh_terms: D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000494:pharmacology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D010080:Oxazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D022762:CCAAT-Enhancer-Binding Proteins; D007375:Interleukin-1; C484864:N-(5-(((5-(1,1-dimethylethyl)-2-oxazolyl)methyl)thio)-2-thiazolyl)-4-piperidinecarboxamide; D010080:Oxazoles; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D013844:Thiazoles; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C495894:CDK2 protein, human; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2; D015232:Dinoprostone