Contrast-induced nephropathy: how it develops, how to prevent it.
No current treatment can reverse or ameliorate contrast-induced nephropathy once it occurs, but prophylaxis is possible. Many preventive measures have failed to show benefits in well-designed, prospective, randomized, double-blinded trials. This review will focus only on the prophylactic strategies that have possible or proven value.
Rudnick
Michael R
MR
University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, USA. rudnickm@uphs.upenn.edu
Kesselheim
Aaron
A
Goldfarb
Stanley
S
D003287:Contrast Media / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D012307:Risk Factors; D014661:Vasoconstriction
D003287:Contrast Media