title: Efficacy and safety of rifabutin-containing 'rescue therapy' for resistant Helicobacter pylori infection.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Current 'rescue' therapies provide inadequate Helicobacter pylori eradication rates because of antibiotic resistance.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To test the efficacy of a modified triple regimen combining rifabutin, pantoprazole and amoxicillin as rescue therapy for patients in whom eradication of H. pylori had failed standard clarithromycin-based triple therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and thirty patients (mean age 51.7 +/- 14.8 years) who had failed one or more eradication attempts with omeprazole, clarithromycin and amoxicillin were treated for 12 days with rifabutin 150 mg daily, amoxicillin 1 g or 1.5 g t.d.s, and pantoprazole 80 mg t.d.s.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The intention-to-treat and per-protocol eradication rates were 90.8/90.8%. Metronidazole or/and clarithromycin resistance had no significant impact on H. pylori eradication rates. A higher overall eradication rate of 96.6% (95% CI: 92.1-101%) was obtained in patients treated with a regimen containing 1.5 g amoxicillin t.d.s compared with 90.7% (95% CI: 82-98.6%) using a regimen with 1 g amoxicillin t.d.s but the difference was not significant. Side-effects reported in 40% of patients were mild.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A 12-day course of low dose of rifabutin with an increased dose of amoxicillin and pantoprazole is well-tolerated and highly effective against dual-resistant H. pylori infection after failure of triple therapy.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Digestive Disease, NSW, Australia. tborody@zip.com.au
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Borody
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pang
authors.forename: A R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Wettstein
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Clancy
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Herdman
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Surace
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Llorente
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ng
mesh_terms: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D001562:Benzimidazoles / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000008:administration & dosage; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000187:drug effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D009853:Omeprazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D000077402:Pantoprazole; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017828:Rifabutin / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D013454:Sulfoxides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D001562:Benzimidazoles; D013454:Sulfoxides; D008795:Metronidazole; D017828:Rifabutin; D000658:Amoxicillin; D000077402:Pantoprazole; D017291:Clarithromycin; D009853:Omeprazole