title: Vocal process granuloma: clinical characterization, treatment and evolution.
abstract: Vocal process granuloma is a disease whose etiopathogenesis is not well defined. Therefore, its clinical and surgical treatment is not standardized and its therapeutic results depend on the hospital where it is seen.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Aiming to characterize patients with vocal process granuloma treated in our hospital, the therapeutic approach used and clinical evolution.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective review of records.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found more male vocal process granuloma, except when associated with laryngeal intubation. The most frequent related etiopathogenic factor was laryngeal-pharynx reflux, followed by laryngeal intubation and vocal abuse. Clinical management with proton-pump inhibitor (PPI), topical inhalant steroid and phonotherapy was enough for remission on 48.6% of the patients. Surgery for removal of the granuloma associated with clinical management was effective in 90% of the events. Later recurrences (more than one year) were noticed in five patients, suggesting that associated etiopathogenic factors should be held for a long time.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Otorhinolaryngology, Hospital das Clínicas, Medical School, USP. e.m.lemos@uol.com.br
authors.forename: Elza Maria
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Lemos
authors.forename: Luiz Ubirajara
authors.initials: LU
authors.lastname: Sennes
authors.forename: Rui
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Imamura
authors.forename: Domingos H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Tsuji
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006102:Granuloma, Laryngeal / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D013070:Speech Therapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014827:Vocal Cords