title: Intercellular adhesion molecule-1 mediates the inhibitory effects of hyaluronan on interleukin-1beta-induced matrix metalloproteinase production in rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts via down-regulation of NF-kappaB and p38.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In rheumatoid arthritis (RA), it is well known that rheumatoid synovial fibroblasts (RSF) produce matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) when stimulated with proinflammatory cytokines such as interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), which causes joint destruction. We have previously shown that hyaluronan (HA) inhibits IL-1beta actions in RSF via CD44, the principal HA receptor. However, CD44 mediates HA effects only partially, and intracellular events after the HA binding to its receptors remain unclear. We investigated the role of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), another cell surface receptor for HA, and the intracellular signalling pathways in the actions of HA.
  
  
  METHODS
  RSF were isolated from rheumatoid synovial tissues by enzymatic digestion and cultured in monolayers. The confluent cells were incubated for 48 h with IL-1beta, IL-1beta in the presence of HA, or IL-1beta in the presence of HA with pretreatment with anti-ICAM-1 antibody. Secretion of MMP-1 and MMP-3 was analysed by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence cytochemistry. Immunofluorescence cytochemistry was also performed to evaluate binding of HA to ICAM-1. The phosphorylation of nuclear factor (NF)-kappaB and mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPKs) was analysed by immunoblotting.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Production of MMP-1 and MMP-3 by RSF was stimulated by IL-1beta. HA at > or =2 mg/ml significantly inhibited MMP production induced by IL-1beta in a dose-dependent manner. Moreover, pretreatment with anti-ICAM-1 antibody at 50 mug/ml significantly blocked the effects of HA on the actions of IL-1beta on RSF, as shown by immunoblotting and immunofluorescence cytochemistry. Another immunofluorescence cytochemistry study demonstrated that HA bound RSF via ICAM-1. Inhibition studies revealed the requirement of NF-kappaB, p38 and c-jun NH2-terminal kinase (JNK) for IL-1beta-induced MMP production. IL-1beta activated all three pathways, whereas HA down-regulated their phosphorylation. Pretreatment with anti-ICAM-1 antibody reversed the inhibitory effects of HA on the activation of NF-kappaB and p38 without affecting JNK.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HA suppresses IL-1beta-enhanced MMP-1 and MMP-3 synthesis in RSF via ICAM-1 through down-regulation of NF-kappaB and p38. Intra-articular injection of HA of high molecular weight may work through such a mechanism in RA joints.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Kyoto University Graduate School of Medicine, 54 Kawahara-cho, Shogoin, Sakyo, Kyoto 606-8507, Japan.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hiramitsu
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yasuda
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Julovi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kakinuma
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akiyoshi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000187:drug effects; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007375:Interleukin-1; D016328:NF-kappa B; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D020782:Matrix Metalloproteinases; D019278:Matrix Metalloproteinase 3; D020781:Matrix Metalloproteinase 1