title: Atrioventricular block after transcatheter closure of perimembranous ventricular septal defects.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To look at the presentation, treatment and outcome of patients who developed atrioventricular block after transcatheter closure of a perimembranous ventricular septal defect (PMVSD) with the Amplatzer PMVSD device.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three tertiary referral centres for paediatric cardiology in two countries.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All three patients presented within 10 days of the procedure. All three patients were treated with intravenous steroids. A permanent pacemaker was inserted in all patients but no pacemaker required activation after two months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Complete atrioventricular block occurring in the weeks after device occlusion of a PMVSD appears to resolve quickly. Continued involvement in multicentre device databases is required to monitor safety.
authors.affiliation: Cardiac Department, Our Lady's Hospital for Sick Children, Crumlin, Dublin 8, Ireland.
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Walsh
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Bialkowski
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Szkutnik
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pawelec-Wojtalik
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Bobkowski
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Walsh
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D021721:Balloon Occlusion / Q000009:adverse effects*; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006327:Heart Block / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D006345:Heart Septal Defects, Ventricular / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous; D007545:Isoproterenol; D010138:Pacemaker, Artificial; D013256:Steroids / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D002316:Cardiotonic Agents; D013256:Steroids; D007545:Isoproterenol; D006854:Hydrocortisone