title: Effectiveness of strategies to implement brief alcohol intervention in primary healthcare. A systematic review.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To review systematically the available literature on implementation of brief alcohol interventions in primary healthcare in order to determine the effectiveness of the implementation efforts by the health are providers. KEY QUESTION: To what extent have the efforts to implement brief alcohol interventions in primary healthcare environments been successful?
  
  
  METHODS
  Literature search from Medline, Cinahl, PsychLIT, Cochrane.
  
  
  METHODS
  Primary healthcare.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 11 studies encompassing 921 GPs, 266 nurses, 88 medical students, and 44 "non-physicians" from Europe, the USA, and Australia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Material utilization, screening, and brief intervention rates.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intervention effectiveness (material utilization, screening, and brief intervention rates) generally increased with the intensity of the intervention effort, i.e. the amount of training and/or support provided. Nevertheless, the overall effectiveness was rather modest. However, the studies examined were too heterogeneous, not scientifically rigorous enough, and applied too brief follow-up times to provide conclusive answers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health and Society, Division of Social Medicine and Public Health Science, Linköping University, Sweden.
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Nilsen
authors.forename: Mauri
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aalto
authors.forename: Preben
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bendtsen
authors.forename: Kaija
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seppä
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D019973:Alcohol-Related Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003142:Communication; D003376:Counseling; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006293:Health Promotion; D006801:Humans; D009723:Nurse-Patient Relations; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D010358:Patient Participation; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011320:Primary Health Care; D012307:Risk Factors