title: Biodegradation of 3-nitrotyrosine by Burkholderia sp. strain JS165 and Variovorax paradoxus JS171.
abstract: The cascade of reactive nitrogen species generated from nitric oxide causes modification of proteins, lipids, and nucleic acids in a wide range of organisms. 3-Nitrotyrosine is one of the most common products of the action of reactive nitrogen species on proteins. Although a great deal is known about the formation of 3-nitrotyrosine, the subsequent metabolism of this compound is a mystery. Variovorax paradoxus JS171 and Burkholderia sp. strain JS165 were isolated from soil slurries when 3-nitrotyrosine was provided as the sole carbon, nitrogen, and energy source. During growth on 3-nitrotyrosine stoichiometric amounts of nitrite were released along with approximately one-half of the theoretically available ammonia. The catabolic pathway involving oxidative denitration is distinct from the pathway for tyrosine metabolism. The facile isolation and the specific, regulated pathway for 3-nitrotyrosine degradation in natural ecosystems suggest that there is a significant flux of 3-nitrotyrosine in such environments.
authors.affiliation: Air Force Research Laboratory, Tyndall Air Force Base, Florida 32403-5323, USA.
authors.forename: Shirley F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Nishino
authors.forename: Jim C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Spain
mesh_terms: D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D019117:Burkholderia / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D042621:Comamonadaceae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009596:Nitrophenols / Q000378:metabolism; D010648:Phenylacetates / Q000378:metabolism; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009596:Nitrophenols; D010648:Phenylacetates; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S; D015102:3,4-Dihydroxyphenylacetic Acid; C026242:4-hydroxy-5-nitrophenyl acetic acid; C002744:3-nitrotyrosine; D014443:Tyrosine