title: Image-guided spinal navigation: application to spinal metastases.
abstract: Image-guided spinal navigation is an adjuvant surgical technology that has evolved over the past decade. It has been used as a replacement for conventional intraoperative imaging techniques to improve the spine surgeon's spatial orientation to nonvisualized anatomy. The author will review the principles of image-guided technology in spinal surgery and focus on its application to the management of spinal metastatic disease.
authors.affiliation: Section of Spinal Surgery, Department of Neurosurgery, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
authors.forename: I H
authors.initials: IH
authors.lastname: Kalfas
mesh_terms: D001863:Bone Screws; D019299:Decompression, Surgical; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D006801:Humans; D007259:Infrared Rays; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D038361:Neuronavigation / Q000295:instrumentation; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures; D011300:Preoperative Care; D015641:Radiography, Interventional; D013117:Spinal Cord Compression / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery; D013125:Spinal Neoplasms / Q000150:complications / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000556:secondary* / Q000601:surgery*; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed