title: Management of recurrent rectal prolapse: surgical approach influences outcome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Recurrent rectal prolapse is an unresolved problem and the optimal treatment is debated. This study was designed to review patterns of care and outcomes in a large cohort of patients after surgery for recurrent prolapse.
  
  
  METHODS
  From 685 patients who underwent operative repair for full-thickness external rectal prolapse, we identified 78 patients (70 females; mean age, 66.9 years) who underwent surgery for recurrence. We reviewed the subsequent management and outcomes for these 78 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean interval to their first recurrence was 33 (range, 1-168) months. There were significantly more re-recurrences after reoperation using a perineal procedure (19/51) compared with an abdominal procedure (4/27) for their recurrent rectal prolapse (P = 0.03) at a mean follow-up of nine (range, 1-82) months. Patients undergoing abdominal repair of recurrence were significantly younger than those who underwent perineal repair (mean age, 58.5 vs. 71.5 years; P < 0.01); however, there was nosignificant difference between the two groups with regard to the American Society of Anesthesiologists classification (P = 0.89). Eighteen patients had surgery for a second recurrence, with perineal repairs associated with higher failure rates (50 vs. 8 percent; P = 0.07). Finally, when combining all repairs, the abdominal approach continued to have significantly lower recurrence rates (39 vs. 13 percent; P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The re-recurrence rate after surgery for recurrent rectal prolapse is high, even at a relatively short follow-up interval. Our data suggest that abdominal repair of recurrent rectal prolapse should be undertaken if the patient's risk profile permits this approach.
authors.affiliation: Department of Colorectal Surgery, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA. doocsteele@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Scott R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Steele
authors.forename: Laura H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Goetz
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Minami
authors.forename: Robert D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Madoff
authors.forename: Anders F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Mellgren
authors.forename: Susan C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Parker
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000601:surgery; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015331:Cohort Studies; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010502:Perineum / Q000601:surgery; D012005:Rectal Prolapse / Q000601:surgery*; D012008:Recurrence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome