title: Monitoring the effectiveness of HIV and STI prevention initiatives in England, Wales, and Northern Ireland: where are we now?
abstract: Primary and secondary prevention are essential components of the response to HIV and sexually transmitted infections (STIs). We present findings from nationally implemented HIV/STI prevention interventions. In 2003, of those attending STI clinics at least 64% of men who have sex with men (MSM) and 55% of heterosexuals accepted a confidential HIV test; 88% of all HIV infections in women giving birth in England were diagnosed before delivery; 85% of MSM eligible for hepatitis B vaccination received a first dose of vaccine at their first STI clinic attendance; 74% of STI clinic attendees for emergency appointments, and 20% of those for routine appointments were seen within 48 hours of initiating an appointment; the National Chlamydia Screening Programme in England found a positivity of 10% and 13% among young asymptomatic women and men, respectively. Prevention initiatives have seen recent successes in limiting further HIV/STI transmission. However, more work is required if current levels of transmission are to be reduced.
authors.affiliation: HIV and STI Department, Health Protection Agency Centre for Infections, 61 Colindale Avenue, London NW9 5EQ, UK. alison.brown@hpa.org.uk
authors.forename: A E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Tomkins
authors.forename: L E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Logan
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Lamontagne
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Munro
authors.forename: V D
authors.initials: VD
authors.lastname: Hope
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Righarts
authors.forename: J E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Blackham
authors.forename: B D
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Rice
authors.forename: T R
authors.initials: TR
authors.lastname: Chadborn
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Tookey
authors.forename: J V
authors.initials: JV
authors.lastname: Parry
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Delpech
authors.forename: O N
authors.initials: ON
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: K A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: Fenton
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines; D018451:Homosexuality, Male; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D010342:Patient Acceptance of Health Care; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D012309:Risk-Taking; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000453:epidemiology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology; D014850:Waiting Lists
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines