title: Apolipoprotein E, angiotensin-converting enzyme and kallikrein gene polymorphisms and the risk of Alzheimer's disease and vascular dementia.
abstract: Lipoproteins and vascular factors may play roles in the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and/or vascular dementia (VaD). In this study, odd ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for apolipoprotein E (APOE), angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE), and kallikrein (KLK1) polymorphisms were computed to test their association with the disease by a case-control study. The risk of AD was significantly increased for individuals with APOE varepsilon4 allele (OR = 3.73, 95% CI = 2.38-5.98). The risk of AD was also significant for people with ACE DD genotype, D allele, or T-D haplotype [OR (95% CI) = 4.29 (1.96-10.23), 1.90 (1.35-2.70), or 2.91 (1.71-5.10), respectively]. The above association between ACE-VaD was also strong (p = 0.0012, 0.0050, 0.0007, respectively). Reporter constructs containing the -240 A or T allele displayed similar transcriptional activity in both HEK-293 and IMR-32 cells. Thus, another putative pathogenic marker that is linked with the Alu D allele might affect the risk of AD and VaD in Taiwan.
authors.affiliation: Department of Life Science, National Taiwan Normal University, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: H K
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Fung
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Y R
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Ro
authors.forename: K H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Hwu
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: S Y
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Lee-Chen
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Chen
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000235:genetics*; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015140:Dementia, Vascular / Q000235:genetics*; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007610:Kallikreins / Q000235:genetics*; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; D007610:Kallikreins