title: Kynurenic acid synthesis in bovine retinal slices--effect of glutamate agonists.
abstract: The purpose of the present study was to investigate the effect of glutamate agonists upon kynurenic acid (KYNA) production in bovine retinal slices. Quantitative analysis of newly synthesized KYNA was carried out using an HPLC system and detected fluorimetrically. Glutamate at the concentration of 0.01, 0.1 and 1 mM reduced KYNA synthesis in the retinal slices to 70% (p < 0.05), 35% (p < 0.01) and 23% (p < 0.001), respectively. The concentration of glutamate reducing production of KYNA by 50% (IC(50)) was 0.035 mM (0.02-0.06). Aspartate at the concentration of 0.01, 0.1 and 1 mM lowered KYNA synthesis in the retinal slices to 80% (p < 0.01), 57% (p < 0.001) and 43% (p < 0.001), respectively. In contrast, kainic acid (up to 5 mM), alpha-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate (AMPA) (up to 1 mM) and 1-aminocyclopentane-trans-1,3-dicarboxylic acid (t-ACPD) (up to 3 mM) turned out to be ineffective in diminishing KYNA synthesis. These data demonstrate that glutamate, aspartate and N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) inhibit KYNA synthesis in bovine retinal slices with different potency.
authors.affiliation: Tadeusz Krwawicz Chair of Ophthalmology and 1st Eye Hospital, Medical University of Lublin, Poland. zarnowskit@poczta.onet.pl
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zarnowski
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bialek
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rejdak
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Zrenner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Junemann
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Zagorski
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kocki
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Turski
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001224:Aspartic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D007736:Kynurenic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D016202:N-Methylaspartate / Q000378:metabolism; D009924:Organ Culture Techniques; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018690:Excitatory Amino Acid Agonists; D001224:Aspartic Acid; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D016202:N-Methylaspartate; D018350:alpha-Amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic Acid; D007736:Kynurenic Acid