title: Tissue reaction at the implantation of recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2 into the skeletal muscle.
abstract: Bone morphogenetic protein (BMP) is a unique cytokine that induces bony tissue in soft tissue. Tissue reactions at and around the implantation of recombinant human BMP-2 (rhBMP-2) into the soft tissue of rats and nonhuman primates were investigated. At the osteoinduced site of rats, massive trabeculae-lined osteoblasts and rich marrow were observed. At and around the nonosteoinduced sites of nonhuman primates, large clear nuclei were observed in reaction to rhBMP-2 implantation. The surrounding area was visually classified into zones 1, 2 and 3. Zone 3 was near the center of the implant. The area of nuclei, the major axis, the minor axis and the ratio of minor axis per major axis were image-analyzed in the histological views. In zones 1, 2 and 3, the nuclear areas were 18.0 (3.1) mean (SD); unit micron2, 33.4 (5.61) and 110.1 (23.7), respectively. The major axes of nuclear ellipses were 7.45 (0.22) (unit micron), 7.76 (0.26), and 13.9 (1.88), respectively. The minor axes were 3.07 (0.53), 5.59 (0.95) and 10.1 (1.35), respectively. The ratios of minor axis per major axis of nuclear ellipses were 0.4 (0.57), 0.72 (0.11) and 0.73 (0.11) in zones 1, 2 and 3, respectively. These results showed that in zones 2 and 3 cell and tissue reactions were marked against rhBMP-2 implantation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Kansai Medical University, Osaka, Japan. kusumoto@takii.kmu.ac.jp
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kusumoto
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Bessho
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujimura
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Okubo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kakudo
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ogawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D004343:Drug Implants; D006801:Humans; D008251:Macaca; D008297:Male; D032342:Muscle Cells / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000737:chemistry / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000187:drug effects; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D055396:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 2; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D004343:Drug Implants; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; C499469:recombinant human bone morphogenetic protein-2