title: Determination of hemoglobin adduct of a musk xylene metabolite in trout as biomarker of exposure by gas chromatography mass spectrometry.
abstract: Musk xylene(MX) is frequently used as fragrances in formulation of personal care products. Quantification of a bound 4-amino-MX(4-AMX) as cysteine adducts in trout hemoglobin(Hb) was made by gas chromatography-ion trap-mass spectrometry(GC/MS). The Hb samples were collected from trout after 24 h exposure to MX at 10 microg/g, and or menhaden oil(control). The formation of cysteine-Hb adduct was observed from nitroso derivative of MX, released by alkaline hydrolysis. The released 4-AMX metabolite was extracted in n-hexane. The extract was then reduced by evaporation, and analyzed by GC/MS. When similar agreement of mass spectral features and retention time of 4-AMX were obtained in both standard and sample solutions, the presence of 4-AMX metabolite in the Hb was confirmed. The concentration of 4-AMX was found to be 3.1 x 10(-6)--6.9 x 10(-6) mg/g in the Hb solution. Quantitation was made based on an internal standard, a calibration plot, and response factor. In the non-hydrolyzed and laboratory blank extracts, the 4-AMX metabolite was not detected. Additionally, coeluting and interfering ions were observed in the biological samples.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Baylor University, P.O. Box 97348, Waco, TX 76798-7348, USA. Mohammad_Mottaleb@Baylor.Edu
authors.forename: Mohammad Abdul
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Mottaleb
authors.forename: Mohammad Rezaul
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Karim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D003545:Cysteine / Q000378:metabolism; D018736:DNA Adducts / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000032:analysis*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000737:chemistry*; D014337:Trout; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism*; D014992:Xylenes / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018736:DNA Adducts; D006454:Hemoglobins; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D014992:Xylenes; C031447:musk xylene; D003545:Cysteine