title: Specific monocyte adhesion to endothelial cells induced by oxidized phospholipids involves activation of cPLA2 and lipoxygenase.
abstract: Oxidized phospholipids stimulate endothelial cells to bind monocytes, but not neutrophils, an initiating event in atherogenesis. Here, we investigate intracellular signaling events induced by oxidized phospholipids in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) that lead to specific monocyte adhesion. In a static adhesion assay, oxidized 1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine and one of its components, 1-palmitoyl-2-oxovaleroyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine, stimulated HUVECs to bind U937 cells and human peripheral blood monocytes but not HL-60 cells or blood neutrophils. Monocyte adhesion was dependent on protein kinases A and C, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2, p38 mitogen activated protein kinases (MAPKs), and cytosolic phospholipase A(2) (cPLA(2)). Inhibition of 12-lipoxygenase (12-LOX), but not cyclooxygenases, blocked monocyte adhesion, and addition of 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) mimicked the effects of oxidized phospholipids. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARalpha) was excluded as a possible target for 12-HETE, because monocyte adhesion was still induced in endothelial cells from PPARalpha null mice. Together, our results suggest that oxidized phospholipids stimulate HUVECs to specifically bind monocytes involving MAPK pathways, which lead to the activation of cPLA(2) and 12-LOX. Further analysis of signaling pathways induced by oxidized phospholipids that lead to specific monocyte adhesion should ultimately lead to the development of novel therapeutic approaches against chronic inflammatory diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vascular Biology and Thrombosis Research, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Joakim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huber
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fürnkranz
authors.forename: Valery N
authors.initials: VN
authors.lastname: Bochkov
authors.forename: Mary K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Patricia
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Catherine C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hedrick
authors.forename: Judith A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Berliner
authors.forename: Bernd R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Binder
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Leitinger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016718:Arachidonic Acid / Q000502:physiology; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003600:Cytosol / Q000201:enzymology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology*; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D006801:Humans; D008084:Lipoxygenase / Q000378:metabolism*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D009000:Monocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000378:metabolism*; D010742:Phospholipid Ethers / Q000494:pharmacology; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases / Q000502:physiology; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000502:physiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: C400184:1-palmitoyl-2-(5-oxovaleroyl)-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine; D010713:Phosphatidylcholines; D010742:Phospholipid Ethers; C472349:oxidized-L-alpha-1-palmitoyl-2-arachidonoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphorylcholine; D016718:Arachidonic Acid; D008084:Lipoxygenase; D011451:Prostaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthases; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D010741:Phospholipases A