Oral misoprostol for induction of labour at term: randomised controlled trial.
OBJECTIVE
To compare oral misoprostol solution with vaginal prostaglandin gel (dinoprostone) for induction of labour at term to determine whether misoprostol is superior.


METHODS
Randomised double blind placebo controlled trial.


METHODS
Maternity departments in three hospitals in Australia. Population Pregnant women with a singleton cephalic presentation at > or = 36+6 weeks' gestation, with an indication for prostaglandin induction of labour.


METHODS
20 mug oral misoprostol solution at ourly intervals and placebo vaginal gel or vaginal dinoprostone gel at six hourly intervals and placebo oral solution.


METHODS
Vaginal birth within 24 hours; uterine hyperstimulation with associated changes in fetal heart rate; caesarean section (all); and caesarean section for fetal distress.


RESULTS
741 women were randomised, 365 to the misoprostol group and 376 to the vaginal dinoprostone group. There were no significant differences between the two treatment groups in the primary outcomes: vaginal birth not achieved in 24 hours (misoprostol 168/365 (46.0%) v dinoprostone 155/376 (41.2%); relative risk 1.12, 95% confidence interval 0.95 to 1.32; P = 0.134), caesarean section (83/365 (22.7%) v 100/376 (26.6%); 0.82, 0.64 to 1.06; P = 0.127), caesarean section for fetal distress (32/365 (8.8%) v 35/376 (9.3%); 0.91, 0.57 to 1.44; P = 0.679), or uterine hyperstimulation with changes in fetal heart rate (3/365 (0.8%) v 6/376 (1.6%); 0.55, 0.14 to 2.21; P = 0.401). Although there were differences in the process of labour induction, there were no significant differences in adverse maternal or neonatal outcomes.


CONCLUSIONS
This trial shows no evidence that oral misoprostol is superior to vaginal dinoprostone for induction of labour. However, it does not lead to poorer health outcomes for women or their infants, and oral treatment is preferred by women.


BACKGROUND
National Health and Medical Research Council, Perinatal Trials, PT0361.
Dodd
Jodie M
JM
Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, University of Adelaide, Women's and Children's Hospital, North Adelaide, SA 5006, Australia. jodie.dodd@adelaide.edu.au
Crowther
Caroline A
CA
Robinson
Jeffrey S
JS
D000282:Administration, Intravaginal; D000284:Administration, Oral; D015232:Dinoprostone; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007751:Labor, Induced / Q000379:methods*; D016595:Misoprostol; D010120:Oxytocics; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D047929:Term Birth; D014622:Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies
D010120:Oxytocics; D014622:Vaginal Creams, Foams, and Jellies; D016595:Misoprostol; D015232:Dinoprostone