title: Lack of detection of human retrovirus-5 proviral DNA in synovial tissue and blood specimens from individuals with rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Prior studies have suggested an association of human retrovirus 5 with rheumatoid arthritis. The purpose of this study was to determine if human retrovirus-5 proviral DNA is present in synovial tissue and blood specimens from patients with rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis, or those without joint disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Synovial tissue and whole blood from 75 patients with rheumatoid arthritis, 75 patients with osteoarthritis, and 50 patients without a primary arthritis diagnosis were assayed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers that amplify a 186-bp fragment of human retrovirus-5 proviral DNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 200 tissue specimens, 200 mononuclear cells, and 196 of 200 granulocyte specimens tested negative for human retrovirus-5 proviral DNA. No association between human retrovirus 5 and rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis (P = 0.516) was identified. Granulocyte specimens from 4 patients, 2 with rheumatoid arthritis and 2 with osteoarthritis, yielded a low positive human retrovirus-5 proviral DNA signal (83-1,365 copies of human retrovirus-5 proviral DNA/ml blood).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Contrary to prior reports, we did not find an association between human retrovirus 5 and rheumatoid arthritis or osteoarthritis using a real-time PCR assay. Our findings are consistent with the recent finding that human retrovirus 5 is actually rabbit endogenous retrovirus H.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, Dept. of Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Kerryl E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Piper
authors.forename: Arlen D
authors.initials: AD
authors.lastname: Hanssen
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Lewallen
authors.forename: Eric L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Matteson
authors.forename: Douglas R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Osmon
authors.forename: Mary C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Duffy
authors.forename: Rochelle A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hagan
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Steckelberg
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Patel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000097:blood / Q000821:virology*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D020077:Endogenous Retroviruses / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005260:Female; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000097:blood / Q000821:virology*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011533:Proviruses / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D011817:Rabbits; D013583:Synovial Membrane / Q000821:virology*
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral