Severe hypersomnolence associated with periodic limb movements and central sleep apnea in a cocaine addicted HIV patient.
Drugs such as cocaine and amphetamines potentiate the effect of epinephrine and norepinephrine on the brain and act as stimulants. Here, we report a case of paradoxical severe hypersomnolence from cocaine use in an HIV cocaine-addicted patient. We describe a possible pathomechanism for cocaine depletion at the synapse, causing decreased synaptic activation and leading to sleepiness.
Subramanya
Raghunandan Dudda
RD
Department of Internal Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA 19102-1192, USA.
Ramachandran
Siva
S
D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D001921:Brain / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006970:Disorders of Excessive Somnolence / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004569:Electroencephalography; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006716:Homosexuality; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020189:Nocturnal Myoclonus Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D020182:Sleep Apnea, Central / Q000453:epidemiology*; D012894:Sleep Stages / Q000502:physiology; D015899:Tomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon; D020293:Vasculitis, Central Nervous System / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging