title: Subpopulation difference scanning: a strategy for exclusion mapping of susceptibility genes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Association mapping is a common strategy for finding disease-related genes in complex disorders. Different association study designs exist, such as case-control studies or admixture mapping.
  
  
  METHODS
  We propose a strategy, subpopulation difference scanning (SDS), to exclude large fractions of the genome as locations of genes for complex disorders. This strategy is applicable to genes explaining disease incidence differences within founder populations, for example, in cardiovascular diseases in Finland.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The strategy consists of genotyping a set of markers from unrelated individuals sampled from subpopulations with differing disease incidence but otherwise as similar as possible. When comparing allele or haplotype frequencies between the subpopulations, the genomic areas with little difference can be excluded as possible locations for genes causing the difference in incidence, and other areas therefore targeted with case-control studies. As tests of this strategy, we use real and simulated data to show that under realistic assumptions of population history and disease risk parameters, the strategy saves efforts of sampling and genotyping and most efficiently detects genes of low risk--that is, those most difficult to find with other strategies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In contrast to admixture mapping that uses the mixing of two different populations, the SDS strategy takes advantage of drift within highly related subpopulations.
authors.affiliation: Finnish Genome Center, University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Salmela
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Taskinen
authors.forename: J K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Seppänen
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sistonen
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Daly
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lahermo
authors.forename: M-L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Savontaus
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kere
mesh_terms: D002874:Chromosome Mapping / Q000379:methods*; D003198:Computer Simulation; D005190:Family; D005260:Female; D030342:Genetic Diseases, Inborn / Q000235:genetics; D005819:Genetic Markers; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D015894:Genome, Human; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers