title: Prenatal diagnosis of an exceptional intrauterine herpes simplex type 1 infection.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess ultrasound findings of a fetus with intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) and skin damage, related to intrauterine herpes simplex virus (HSV) infection.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 23-year-old, G1, P0 woman was referred at 23.5 weeks' gestation (WG) for IUGR. The patient had a previous single episode of serotype 1 herpes progenitalis at 11 WG. Ultrasound examination revealed extensive skin changes with no cerebral involvement. The methods employed for evaluation of the disease included maternal serology, amniocentesis and repeated ultrasound examinations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Maternal serology was positive for HSV1 and fetal infection was confirmed via polymerase chain reaction (PCR). At 27 WG, amniotic fluid index decreased and lower limb skin as well as abdominal skin was irregular. Oesophagus was thickened. In contrast, upper limb skin and cranial vault were thin and less visible. IUGR was predominant as regards bone parameters. After termination of pregnancy, the fetus showed macroscopic characteristics of HSV infection. Microscopic examination revealed only placental and skin lesions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our report illustrates a rare case of HSV1 intrauterine infection that occurred during the first trimester with bone and cephalic IUGR associated with extensive skin damage, and with no cerebral involvement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Rouen University Hospital Charles Nicolle, France. Alain.Diguet@chu-rouen.fr
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Diguet
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Patrier
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Eurin
authors.forename: Sadok
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chouchene
authors.forename: Loïc
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marpeau
authors.forename: Annie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Laquerrière
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Verspyck
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000649:Amniocentesis; D005260:Female; D005317:Fetal Growth Retardation / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D018259:Herpesvirus 1, Human; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011296:Prenatal Diagnosis; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal