title: Tissue lipid lowering-effect of a traditional Nigerian anti-diabetic infusion of Rauwolfia vomitoria foilage and Citrus aurantium fruit.
abstract: The toxicity and anti-diabetic properties of an aqueous plant extract made by boiling Rauwolfia vomitoria foilage and Citrus aurantium fruits were evaluated in mice. A single dosage corresponding to 70x the human-daily-dose was non-toxic when administered to 6-week-old NMRI lean mice or 6- or 11-week-old C57BL/6J lean mice. Daily treatment of 11-week-old C57BL/KsBom-db (db/db) genetic diabetic mice with a dose corresponding to 10x human-daily-dose for 6 weeks facilitated a significant weight loss as compared to the untreated controls. During treatment, the db/db mice were maintained on the carbohydrate-deficient Altromin C1009 diet. Although the food intake in the treated mice was not statistically significant from that in the controls, the treated animals had significantly higher serum triglyceride contents, suggesting that the treatment induced lipid mobilization from internal stores. Moreover, the fatty acid profile of the eyes from the treated animals showed a significant reduction in total fatty acid content accompanied by a 33% reduction in estimated Stearoyl-CoA desaturase activity (p = 0.039) as compared with controls. The fatty acid mobilization and a protection of the brittle C57BL/KsBom-db pancreas were observed 5 weeks after cessation of treatment when the treated animals were maintained on the poorer Altromin C1009 diet.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Pharmacognosy Group, The Danish University of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Universitetsparken 2, DK 2100 Copenhagen East, Denmark.
authors.forename: Joan I A
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Campbell
authors.forename: Alicja
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mortensen
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Mølgaard
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001835:Body Weight; D002957:Citrus; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D005638:Fruit; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009549:Nigeria; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018515:Plant Leaves; D011926:Rauwolfia; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D010936:Plant Extracts; D014280:Triglycerides