title: Blood lactate removal during recovery at various intensities below the individual anaerobic threshold in triathletes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Optimal lactate removal was reported to occur at work-rate between 30% and 70% VO2max. However, it has been recently recommended to quantify exercise intensity not in percentage of VO2max but in relation to validated metabolic reference points such as the individual anaerobic threshold (IAT) and the individual ventilatory threshold (IVT). The purpose of this study was to examine the effect on lactate removal of different recovery work-rates below the IAT defined calculating the difference (DT) between IAT and IVT, then choosing the IVT+50%DT, the IVT and the IVT-50%DT work-rates.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight male triathletes (VO2max 69.7+/-4.7, VO2IAT 52.9+/-4, VO2IVT 41.1+/-4.7 mL x kg(-1) x min(-1)), after a 6-min treadmill run at 75% of difference between IAT and VO2max, performed in a random order the following 30-min recovery treatments: 1) run at IVT(plus;50%DT), 2) at IVT, 3) at IVT(-50%DT), 4) passive. Blood lactate was measured at 1, 3, 6, 9, 12, 15, 20, 25, 30 minutes of recovery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All active recovery work-rates (from 50+/-5% to 67+/-4% VO2max) were within the range previously reported for optimal lactate removal, and significantly more efficient than passive recovery on lactate removal curve (% of accumulated lactate above rest value). However, significant differences (P<0.01) were found among active recovery intensities: the IVT(-50%DT) was the most efficient work-rate from the 9th minute to 30th minute.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In triathletes, the IVT(-50%DT) was the optimal work-rate for lactate removal; moreover none of the studied active work-rate showed further lactate decrease after the 20th minute of recovery.
authors.affiliation: University Institute of Motor Sciences (IUSM), Rome, Italy. baldari@iusm.it
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Baldari
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Videira
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Madeira
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sergio
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Guidetti
mesh_terms: D000136:Acid-Base Equilibrium / Q000502:physiology; D000328:Adult; D015308:Anaerobic Threshold / Q000502:physiology*; D001642:Bicycling / Q000502:physiology; D005080:Exercise Test; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology*; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology*; D005082:Physical Exertion / Q000502:physiology*; D011659:Pulmonary Gas Exchange; D012123:Pulmonary Ventilation / Q000502:physiology; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology; D013177:Sports / Q000502:physiology*; D013550:Swimming / Q000502:physiology; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid