title: The pattern of dysphagia in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Difficulty in swallowing is not uncommon among children and yet little information is available in the literature. We report our experience on the pattern of this condition.
  
  
  METHODS
  We extracted data from the medical records of 42 children with dysphagia on age at presentation, nationality, gender, and final diagnosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 1993 to 2002, 96% of 42 children presenting with dysphagia were Saudi nationals, ranging in age from 3 months to 18 years, with a male to female ratio of 1:0.6. An etiologic diagnosis was found in 30 children (72%). Esophagitis, esophageal strictures and motility disorders were the most common causes of dysphagia, occurring in 16 (38%), 7 (17%), and 4 (10%) children, respectively. Two children had esophageal webs and one had an esophageal ring. Age-related analysis indicated that most of the cases of esophagitis (11/16, 69%) and strictures (5/7, 71%) occurred in young children whereas most nondemonstrable causes occurred in older children (9/12, 75%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This report documents a pattern of dysphagia in Saudi Arab children that is similar to descriptions from other countries.
authors.affiliation: King Saud University, College of Medicine and King Khaled University Hospital Division of Gastroenterology, Riyadh, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. drmouzan@gmail.com
authors.forename: Mohammad Issa
authors.initials: MI
authors.lastname: El Mouzan
authors.forename: Asaad Mohammad
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Abdullah
authors.forename: Ibrahim Abdulkarim
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Al-Mofleh
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003680:Deglutition Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D015154:Esophageal Motility Disorders / Q000150:complications; D004940:Esophageal Stenosis / Q000150:complications; D004941:Esophagitis / Q000150:complications; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D012529:Saudi Arabia / Q000453:epidemiology