title: Chemoprevention of mouse urinary bladder carcinogenesis by fermented brown rice and rice bran.
abstract: Fermented brown rice by Aspergillus oryzae (FBRA) has been shown to be a potent anti-carcinogenic compound. Here, we investigated the modifying effects of dietary feeding with a naturally occurring anti-oxidant FBRA on N-butyl-N-(4-hydroxybutyl)-nitrosamine (OH-BBN)-induced urinary bladder carcinogenesis in male ICR mice. Five-week-old male ICR mice were divided into 7 groups, and groups 1-5 were given OH-BBN (500 ppm) in drinking water for 6 weeks starting at 7 weeks of age. Groups 2 and 3 were fed the diet containing 5% and 10% FBRA during the initiation phase, respectively, whereas groups 4 and 5 were fed these diets during the post-initiation phase. Group 6 was given the diet containing 10% FBRA throughout the experiment, and group 7 was kept on the basal diet alone and served as an untreated control. At the end of the study (week 32), the incidences of simple hyperplasia, dysplasia and carcinoma in the bladders of group 1 (OH-BBN alone) were 92%, 49% and 38%, respectively. Those of group 5 (64%, 23% and 10%) and the incidence of carcinoma of group 4 (17%) was significantly less than that of group 1. Furthermore, the multiplicity of simple hyperplasia and carcinoma of group 5 was significantly less than that of group 1. Post-initiation exposure of 10% FBRA significantly decreased the number/nucleus of silver-stained nucleolar organizer region proteins (AgNORs), an index of cell proliferation, in the non-lesional transitional epithelium when compared to that of the control. Our results indicate that FBRA exerts chemopreventive effects against chemically induced urinary bladder carcinogenesis through anti-proliferative mechanisms. FBRA could be a promising chemopreventive agent for human urinary bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Tumor Pathology, Graduate School of Medicine, Gifu University, Gifu 501-1194, Japan. fwkn4521@ybb.ne.jp
authors.forename: Toshiya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kuno
authors.forename: Yoshinobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hirose
authors.forename: Yasuhiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Kazuya
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hata
authors.forename: Sheng Hong
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Qiang
authors.forename: Nami
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Asano
authors.forename: Takeru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Oyama
authors.forename: Huilan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhi
authors.forename: Teruaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Iwasaki
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Hideki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mori
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D002085:Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004032:Diet; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009697:Nucleolus Organizer Region / Q000737:chemistry; D012275:Oryza; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control; D016622:Silver Staining; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D002085:Butylhydroxybutylnitrosamine