Objective assessment of aesthetic outcomes of breast cancer treatment: measuring ptosis from clinical photographs.
The aesthetic outcome of breast cancer treatment is an important factor in breast cancer survivors' quality of life. We investigated new quantitative, objective measurements of breast ptosis based on ratios of distances between fiducial points manually identified in oblique and lateral clinical photographs. Ptosis refers to the extent to which the nipple is lower than the inframammary fold. The new objective measures were compared to ratings made using an existing subjective scale. The variability in the objective measurements due to intra- and inter-observer variability in marking fiducial points was shown to be equivalent to less than one point on the subjective ptosis scale.
Kim
Min Soon
MS
Biomedical Engineering Department, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, TX 78712, USA.
Reece
Gregory P
GP
Beahm
Elisabeth K
EK
Miller
Michael J
MJ
Atkinson
E Neely
EN
Markey
Mia K
MK
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008408:Mastectomy; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D010781:Photography; D019651:Plastic Surgery Procedures