title: Comparison of the additive effects of nipradilol and carteolol to latanoprost in open-angle glaucoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of nipradilol and carteolol on intraocular pressure (IOP) when added to latanoprost treatment for glaucoma patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty patients with primary open-angle glaucoma were treated with latanoprost 0.005% once daily for 3 months. Then they were assigned to one of two groups randomly. One group received nipradilol 0.25% twice daily (nipradilol preceding group; n = 25), and the other carteolol hydrochloride 2% twice daily (carteolol preceding group; n = 25), for 3 months in addition to latanoprost. Then, nipradilol and carteolol were switched, and the subjects were treated for 3 more months. One eye was selected randomly for analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the nipradilol preceding group, IOP was 21.4 +/- 2.3 mmHg (mean +/- SD) at baseline, and 16.8 +/- 1.9 mmHg at the end of latanoprost monotherapy (P < 0.01). The addition of nipradilol decreased IOP to 15.8 +/- 1.7 mmHg, and the change to carteolol, to 15.3 +/- 2.0 mmHg. In the carteolol preceding group, IOP was 21.2 +/- 2.0 mmHg at baseline, and 17.0 +/- 2.1 mmHg at the end of latanoprost monotherapy (P < 0.01). The addition of carteolol decreased IOP to 15.4 +/- 1.8 mmHg, and the change to nipradilol, to 16.3 +/- 1.9 mmHg. Additional IOP reduction was greater with carteolol than with nipradilol (cross-over analysis of variance; P = 0.0005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both nipradilol and carteolol have additive effects when used in combination with latanoprost. Carteolol, however, may have a more potent effect than nipradilol.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Medical University, Tokyo, Japan. haneda-oph@umin.ac.jp
authors.forename: Mai
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Haneda
authors.forename: Shiroaki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shirato
authors.forename: Katsuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Maruyama
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ohno
mesh_terms: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002354:Carteolol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D000077338:Latanoprost; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011461:Prostaglandins F, Synthetic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D011412:Propanolamines; D011461:Prostaglandins F, Synthetic; D000077338:Latanoprost; D002354:Carteolol; C036089:nipradilol