title: Removal of copper (II) from aqueous solutions by flotation using polyaluminum chloride silicate (PAX-XL60 S) as coagulant and carbonate ion as activator.
abstract: Flotation is a separation technology for removing toxic heavy metal ions from aqueous solutions. Here a simple and rapid flotation procedure is presented for the removal of copper(II) from aqueous solutions. It is based on the use of polyaluminum chloride silicate (PAX-XL60 S) as coagulant and flocculent, carbonate ion as activator and oleic acid (HOL) as surfactant. Both ion and precipitate flotation are included depending on the solution pH. Ion and precipitate flotation in the aqueous HOL-PAX-XL60 S-Cu2+-CO3(2-) system gave powerful preferential removal of Cu2+ (F -100%) over the HOL-PAX-XL60 S-Cu2+ system containing no CO3(2+) ion (F approximately 86%). The role of CO3(2-) ion is also evident from decreasing the dose of PAX-XL60 S from 700 mg l(-1) to 200 mg l(-1). The other parameters, influencing the flotation process, namely: metal ion, surfactant and PAX-XL60 S concentrations, ionic strength, temperature and foreign ions were examined. Moreover, the procedure was successfully applied to recover Cu2+ ions from different volumes up to 11 and from natural water samples.
authors.affiliation: Chemistry Department, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, P.O. Box 66, Mansoura, Egypt.
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Ghazy
authors.forename: I A
authors.initials: IA
authors.lastname: Mahmoud
authors.forename: A H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Ragab
mesh_terms: D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide / Q000737:chemistry*; D002254:Carbonates / Q000737:chemistry*; D011232:Chemical Precipitation; D003029:Coagulants / Q000737:chemistry*; D003300:Copper / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007477:Ions; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D017640:Silicates / Q000737:chemistry*; D013501:Surface-Active Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D013696:Temperature; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D002254:Carbonates; D003029:Coagulants; D007477:Ions; D017640:Silicates; D013501:Surface-Active Agents; C016213:aluminum oxychloride; D000536:Aluminum Hydroxide; D003300:Copper