title: Meiotic segregation of rare Robertsonian translocations: sperm analysis of three t(14q;22q) cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The t(14;22) remains one of the rare Robertsonian translocations observed in human, with an occurrence estimated at 1.2%. Three cases of rare Robertsonian translocation t(14;22) were investigated for meiotic segregation in sperm samples from male carriers using the fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH) procedure. The three carriers included two men with an abnormal semen analysis and one with normal semen parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  Both locus-specific probes and whole-chromosome painting probes, specific for chromosomes 14 and 22, were used in this study. The number of spermatozoa scored for each probe set ranged from 3279 to 10,024.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the three carriers, similar frequencies, ranging from 78.53 to 81.76%, were found for normal and balanced spermatozoa resulting from alternate segregation. The total proportion of unbalanced spermatozoa resulting from adjacent modes of segregation ranged from 17.59 to 20.94%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This finding confirmed the predominance of alternate segregation over other segregation types in all Robertsonian translocations and indicates a higher production of imbalances in the t(14;22) than in most of the Robertsonian translocations previously analysed. This could be related to the variable location of breakpoints in Robertsonian translocations. This breakpoint diversity could also play a role in the differences in reproductive status observed in male carriers of Robertsonian translocations.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Human Genetics, CNRS, CHU Montpellier, France.
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Moradkhani
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Puechberty
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bhatt
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Vago
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Janny
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Lefort
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hamamah
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sarda
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pellestor
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D020090:Chromosome Segregation; D002883:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 14 / Q000235:genetics*; D002892:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 22 / Q000235:genetics*; D006579:Heterozygote; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008297:Male; D008540:Meiosis / Q000235:genetics; D013094:Spermatozoa / Q000166:cytology*; D014178:Translocation, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*