Effects of psychotherapy for depression in children and adolescents: a meta-analysis.
Serious sequelae of youth depression, plus recent concerns over medication safety, prompt growing interest in the effects of youth psychotherapy. In previous meta-analyses, effect sizes (ESs) have averaged .99, well above conventional standards for a large effect and well above mean ES for other conditions. The authors applied rigorous analytic methods to the largest study sample to date and found a mean ES of .34, not superior but significantly inferior to mean ES for other conditions. Cognitive treatments (e.g., cognitive-behavioral therapy) fared no better than noncognitive approaches. Effects showed both generality (anxiety was reduced) and specificity (externalizing problems were not), plus short- but not long-term holding power. Youth depression treatments appear to produce effects that are significant but modest in their strength, breadth, and durability.
Weisz
John R
JR
Judge Baker Children's Center, Harvard University, Boston, MA 02120-3225, USA. jweisz@jbcc.harvard.edu
McCarty
Carolyn A
CA
Valeri
Sylvia M
SM
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D011613:Psychotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D016896:Treatment Outcome