title: [Scanning electron microscopic study of titanium-hydroxyapatite, the functionally graded-material implanted in rabbits].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to observe the tissue tolerance of Ti-HA functionally graded-material (FGM) and the form of the material-bone interface.
  
  
  METHODS
  The sintered Ti -HA FGM, pure HA and pure Ti were respectively implanted into the parietal bone of rabbits. The specimens were observed by SEM at 2, 4, 8 postoperative weeks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the early stage, the new bone surrounding the Ti -HA FGM formed earlier with larger amount and better maturity than the pure Ti. The condition was similar to the pure HA. Two months after the operation, direct bonding of material-bone interface was formed between the Ti -HA FGM and the new bone as an integral body. However, there was a little space left between the new bone and the pure Ti.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Ti -HA FGM has good tissue tolerance. Its early integration with bone is similar to pure HA and better than pure Ti.
authors.affiliation: Plastic Surgery Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Xiao-jun
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Shu-zhong
authors.initials: SZ
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: Xiao-ling
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Lai
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gui
authors.forename: Cheng-lin
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Chu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D006882:Hydroxyapatites / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D016348:Osseointegration; D011817:Rabbits; D014025:Titanium / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D006882:Hydroxyapatites; C098170:hydroxyapatite-titanium alloy; D014025:Titanium