title: [Anaesthesiological management in orthotopic liver transplantation -- results of a survey].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Since there is no therapeutical standard for the anaesthesiological approach during liver transplantation (LTX) in Germany at the moment, we have evaluated the current anaesthesiological procedures during LTX.
  
  
  METHODS
  All departments of anaesthesiology (n = 24) cooperating with transplantation centers in Germany received a questionnaire via mail regarding following complexes: anaesthesiological methods, anaesthetics, blood components therapy, perioperative monitoring, supportive cardiovascular therapy and staff.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The answers (n = 16) showed following results: Balanced anaesthesia with continuous application of opioids was the standard method (80 %). Different volatile anaesthetics as well as different opioids were used, isoflurane (66.7 %) and fentanyl (53.3 %) were the most common. Veno-venous bypass was never or occasionally used (86.7 %). The differentiated use of catecholamines, based on discussions in the last years, was also reflected in the results. Dobutamine/noradrenaline as combination seemed to be the first choice (46.7 %). Whereas there was an accordance with the employment of blood components, there was a large variation in the effectively applied blood products. Aprotinin was given in 60 % of all clinics occasionally, in 20 % every time and in 20 % aprotinine was never used. In most departments > or = 2 anaesthesiologists (80 %) and 1 nurse (53.3 %) were needed for intraoperative observation. Postoperative medical attendance was provided on anaesthesiological as well as surgical guided intensive care units (ICU). Generally accepted was an early extubation after arrival at the ICU (86.7 %).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Even though there was a consensus in the anaesthesiological approach during LTX some departments still use different procedures. This is the first study that will give a basis for discussion of anaesthesiological approaches during LTX.
authors.affiliation: Klinik und Poliklinik für Anästhesiologie und Intensivtherapie, Universitätsklinikum Leipzig (AöR). pieu@medizin.uni-leipzig.de
authors.forename: U-C
authors.initials: UC
authors.lastname: Pietsch
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schaffranietz
mesh_terms: D000758:Anesthesia; D000777:Anesthetics; D007611:Aprotinin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016913:Blood Component Transfusion; D004363:Drug Utilization; D005858:Germany; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D006490:Hemostatics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D008021:Life Support Systems / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016031:Liver Transplantation; D016343:Monitoring, Intraoperative; D009294:Narcotics; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000777:Anesthetics; D006490:Hemostatics; D009294:Narcotics; D007611:Aprotinin