title: Matrix metalloproteinase-9 activity in the cerebrospinal fluid and serum of dogs with acute spinal cord trauma from intervertebral disk disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To detect matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 in serum and CSF and determine relationships between MMP activity and severity of disease, duration of clinical signs, and duration of hospitalization in dogs with acute intervertebral disk disease (IVDD).
  
  
  METHODS
  35 dogs with acute IVDD and 8 clinically normal control dogs.
  
  
  METHODS
  CSF and serum were collected from affected and control dogs. Zymography was used to detect MMP-9.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Activity of MMP-9 in CSF was detected in 6 of 35 dogs with IVDD; activity was significantly more common in dogs with duration of signs < 24 hours. Paraplegic dogs were more likely to have MMP-9 activity in the CSF than non-paraplegic dogs. No significant difference in hospitalization time was detected in dogs with IVDD between those with and without activity of MMP-9 in the CSF. Serum MMP-9 was detected more frequently in dogs with IVDD than in control dogs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Data were consistent with results of experimental rodent spinal cord injury studies that indicate that MMP-9 is expressed early during secondary injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine and Biomedical Sciences, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX 77843, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: Craig G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Ruaux
authors.forename: Robert L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Bergman
authors.forename: Joan R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Coates
authors.forename: Jörg M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Steiner
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000201:enzymology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D007405:Intervertebral Disc Displacement / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000201:enzymology / Q000662:veterinary*; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000097:blood / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000201:enzymology / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9