title: Improved safety of hematopoietic transplantation with monkey embryonic stem cells in the allogeneic setting.
abstract: Cynomolgus monkey embryonic stem cell (cyESC)-derived in vivo hematopoiesis was examined in an allogeneic transplantation model. cyESCs were induced to differentiate into the putative hematopoietic precursors in vitro, and the cells were transplanted into the fetal cynomolgus liver at approximately the end of the first trimester (n = 3). Although cyESC-derived hematopoietic colony-forming cells were detected in the newborns (4.1%-4.7%), a teratoma developed in all newborns. The risk of tumor formation was high in this allogeneic transplantation model, given that tumors were hardly observed in immunodeficient mice or fetal sheep that had been xeno-transplanted with the same cyESC derivatives. It turned out that the cyESC-derived donor cells included a residual undifferentiated fraction positive for stage-specific embryonic antigen (SSEA)-4 (38.2% +/- 10.3%) despite the rigorous differentiation culture. When an SSEA-4-negative fraction was transplanted (n = 6), the teratoma was no longer observed, whereas the cyESC-derived hematopoietic engraftment was unperturbed (2.3%-5.0%). SSEA-4 is therefore a clinically relevant pluripotency marker of primate embryonic stem cells (ESCs). Purging pluripotent cells with this surface marker would be a promising method of producing clinical progenitor cell preparations using human ESCs.
authors.affiliation: Division of Regenerative Medicine, Center for Molecular Medicine, Jichi Medical University, Shimotsuke, Tochigi, Japan.
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: Naohide
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ageyama
authors.forename: Yujiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kishi
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Shinichiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Shin-ichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muramatsu
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hayashi
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kitano
authors.forename: Keiji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Terao
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hanazono
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn; D001483:Base Sequence; D002469:Cell Separation; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D005333:Fetus / Q000166:cytology; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006410:Hematopoiesis; D008099:Liver / Q000196:embryology; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012449:Safety; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D013724:Teratoma / Q000209:etiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins