title: Pyrimethamine-sulfadoxine treatment of uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria in Lao PDR.
abstract: A 28-day in vivo treatment trial to evaluate the efficacy of pyrimethamine/sulfadoxine (Fansidar, PS) was conducted in 21 Lao patients with uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Sixteen patients (76%) were completely cured with PS without any reappearance of asexual stage parasitemia during the follow-up examination. On the other hand, 5 patients (24%) failed to respond to this trial medication, resulting in recrudescence of asexual stage P. falciparum malaria. PS resistance resulted in higher prevalence of post-treatment gametocytemia, 25% gametocyte carriers among PS sensitive cases versus 75% of the resistant cases. These findings suggest that although the level of PS resistance is still valid for treatment of malaria in the study area of Lao PDR, post-treatment induction of gametocytemia among resistant cases may result an increase in transmission rate of PS resistant falciparum malaria.
authors.affiliation: Division of Tropical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of the Ryukyus, Nishihara, Okinawa, Japan. kaiissar@med.u-ryukyu.ac.jp
authors.forename: M Kaiissar
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Mannoor
authors.forename: Viengxay
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vanisaveth
authors.forename: Boualy
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Keokhamphavanh
authors.forename: Hiromu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Toma
authors.forename: Hisami
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Toshimitsu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hatabu
authors.forename: Nao
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Taguchi
authors.forename: Bousy
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hongvangthong
authors.forename: Rattanaxay
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Phetsouvanh
authors.forename: Samlane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Phompida
authors.forename: Shigeyuki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kano
authors.forename: Yoshiya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sato
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007812:Laos; D016778:Malaria, Falciparum / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011739:Pyrimethamine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013413:Sulfadoxine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D013413:Sulfadoxine; D011739:Pyrimethamine