title: Efficient gene targeting in Drosophila with zinc-finger nucleases.
abstract: This report describes high-frequency germline gene targeting at two genomic loci in Drosophila melanogaster, y and ry. In the best case, nearly all induced parents produced mutant progeny; 25% of their offspring were new mutants and most of these were targeted gene replacements resulting from homologous recombination (HR) with a marked donor DNA. The procedure that generates these high frequencies relies on cleavage of the target by designed zinc-finger nucleases (ZFNs) and production of a linear donor in situ. Increased induction of ZFN expression led to higher frequencies of gene targeting, demonstrating the beneficial effect of activating the target. In the absence of a homologous donor DNA, ZFN cleavage led to the recovery of new mutants at three loci-y, ry and bw-through nonhomologous end joining (NHEJ) after cleavage. Because zinc fingers can be directed to a broad range of DNA sequences and targeting is very efficient, this approach promises to allow genetic manipulation of many different genes, even in cases where the mutant phenotype cannot be predicted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, University of Utah School of Medicine, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.
authors.forename: Kelly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Beumer
authors.forename: Gargi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bhattacharyya
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bibikova
authors.forename: Jonathan K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Trautman
authors.forename: Dana
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Carroll
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics*; D004722:Endoribonucleases / Q000235:genetics*; D018390:Gene Targeting / Q000379:methods; D018095:Germ-Line Mutation; D008957:Models, Genetic; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D016296:Mutagenesis; D009154:Mutation; D011995:Recombination, Genetic; D013696:Temperature; D016335:Zinc Fingers
chemical_list: D004247:DNA; D004722:Endoribonucleases