title: Simultaneous quantitative determination of cyclosporine A and its three main metabolites (AM1, AM4N and AM9) in human blood by liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry using a rapid sample processing method.
abstract: We have developed a sensitive and specific liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry (LC/MS) method for the simultaneous determination of cyclosporine A (CsA) and its three main metabolites (AM1, AM4N and AM9) in human blood. Following protein precipitation, supernatant was directly injected into the LC/MS system. Chromatographic separation was accomplished on a Symmetry C8 (4.6 x 75 mm, 3.5 microm) column with a linear gradient elution prior to detection by atmospheric pressure chemical ionization (APCI) MS using selected ion monitoring (SIM) in positive mode. This method can be applied to single mass equipment. The analytical range for each analyte was set at 1-2500 ng/mL using 100 microL of blood sample. The analytical method was fully validated according to FDA guidance. Intra-day mean accuracy and precision were 95.2-113.5% and 0.9-8.9%, respectively. Inter-day mean accuracy and precision were 95.8-107.0% and 1.5-10.7%, respectively. In blood all analytes were stable during three freeze/thaw cycles, for 24 h at room temperature and for 12 months at or below -15 degrees C. Stability was also confirmed in processed samples for 24 h at 10 degrees C and for 6 months at 4 degrees C in methanol. In addition, we confirmed the method could avoid matrix effects from transplant subjects' samples. This LC/MS technique provided an excellent method for simultaneous quantitative determination of CsA and its three metabolites for evaluation of their pharmacokinetic profiles.
authors.affiliation: Drug Metabolism and Pharmacokinetics, Tsukuba Research Institute, Novartis Pharma K.K., Ohkubo 8, Tsukuba-shi, Ibaraki 300-2611, Japan. nozomu.koseki@novartis.com
authors.forename: Nozomu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Koseki
authors.forename: Akinori
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakashima
authors.forename: Yusuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nagae
authors.forename: Naoki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Masuda
mesh_terms: D001274:Atmospheric Pressure; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D015925:Cryopreservation; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000097:blood* / Q000737:chemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine