title: Human papillomavirus (HPV) detection among human immunodeficiency virus-infected pregnant Thai women: implications for future HPV immunization.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-infected women are at increased risk for developing cervical cancer and for infection with human papillomavirus (HPV). Prophylactic vaccines targeting HPV types 16 and 18 are being evaluated for efficacy among young women.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The goal was to assess the prevalence of HPV among HIV-infected pregnant women in Bangkok and to evaluate the need for prophylactic HPV vaccines studies in this population.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study population consisted of 256 HIV-infected pregnant women who participated in a mother-to-child HIV transmission trial. Stored cervicovaginal lavage samples were tested for the presence of HPV DNA by polymerase chain reaction with PGMY09/11 primers and reverse line-blot hybridization for determination of anogenital HPV types.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HPV prevalence was 35.5% (91/256); high-risk HPV prevalence was 23.4% (60/256). HPV type 16 or 18 was present in 8.2% (21/256). Almost half of all infections were multiple. Furthermore, overall HPV detection was associated with abnormal cervical cytology (P<0.001) and higher HIV-plasma viral load (P=0.007).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Only one-quarter of HIV-infected pregnant women in Bangkok had high-risk HPV types; less than 10% had HPV types 16 or 18. As the HPV prevalence is expected to increase during HIV disease, prophylactic vaccines targeting HPV types 16 and 18 should be studied among HIV-infected women not yet infected with these HPV types and not previously exposed.
authors.affiliation: Thailand MOPH-US CDC Collaboration, Nonthaburi, Rajavithi Hospital, Bangkok, Thailand, and Columbia University, New York, New York, USA. Lbollen@tuc.or.th
authors.forename: Liesbeth J M
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Bollen
authors.forename: Rutt
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Chuachoowong
authors.forename: Peter H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Kilmarx
authors.forename: Philip A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Mock
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Culnane
authors.forename: Natapakwa
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Skunodom
authors.forename: Thanyanan
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chaowanachan
authors.forename: Bongkoch
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jetswang
authors.forename: Kanchana
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Neeyapun
authors.forename: Suvanna
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Asavapiriyanont
authors.forename: Anuvat
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Roongpisuthipong
authors.forename: Thomas C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Jordan W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Tappero
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections; D006801:Humans; D007114:Immunization; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000145:classification / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015995:Prevalence; D013785:Thailand / Q000453:epidemiology; D002583:Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / Q000517:prevention & control; D014626:Vaginal Smears; D014765:Viral Vaccines
chemical_list: D014765:Viral Vaccines