title: [Vaccine strategies against melanoma].
abstract: Melanoma incidence increases and conventional antitumor therapies are often ineffective, encouraging the design of novel therapies. Several lines of evidence support the notion of an immunological control of melanoma growth. Based on this information, active immunotherapy (vaccination) and adoptive immunotherapy trials (T cell therapy) were conducted in metastatic melanoma patients. The proof of principle of effective immunotherapy was brought up by pionnering trials using tumor infiltrated lymphocytes in lymphodepleted recipients or anti-CTLA4 Ab leading to tumor eradication but also autoimmune diseases. With the identification and characterization of tumor antigens recognized by cytotoxic T lymphocytes, the utilization of tumor rejection antigens along with adjuvants become available as tumor vaccines. The last five years have witnessed the emergence of dendritic cell based-vaccines that were efficient in priming and/or boosting T cell responses in normal volunteers and patients. This review highlights preclinical bases of cancer vaccines, their clinical development and discusses their limits. Correlations between immunomonitoring and tumor regressions await larger trials.
authors.affiliation: Inserm U.517, Faculté de Médecine et Centre Régional de Lutte contre le Cancer Georges-Francois Leclerc, 7, boulevard Jeanne d'Arc, 21079 Dijon Cedex, France. f.ghiringhelli@compaqnet.fr
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ghiringhelli
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zitvogel
mesh_terms: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000276:immunology; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007116:Immunization, Passive; D007167:Immunotherapy; D016219:Immunotherapy, Adoptive; D008545:Melanoma / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D058950:Melanoma-Specific Antigens; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D012878:Skin Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy; D016176:T-Lymphocyte Subsets / Q000276:immunology; D014611:Vaccination
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D018840:HSP70 Heat-Shock Proteins; C072011:MAGEA1 protein, human; D058950:Melanoma-Specific Antigens; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins