title: Risk-factors for acquisition of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli among hospitalised patients.
abstract: Between 1996 and 2002, 103 hospitalised patients yielding one or more clinical isolates of extended-spectrum beta-lactamase-producing Escherichia coli (ESBL-EC) were identified. A significant increase was observed in the incidence of ESBL-EC colonisation or infection during the study period (1.65 episodes/100 000 patient-days in 1996 to 12.6 episodes/100 000 patient-days in 2002; p 0.01). Infection developed in 70 (68%) patients (75 episodes), with surgical site (44%) and urinary tract (17%) infections being the most frequent. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis showed extensive clonal diversity among the isolates. A case-control study and multivariate analysis identified female gender (OR 2.1; p 0.01), use of a nasogastric tube (OR 3.5; p 0.001) and previous antibiotic therapy (OR 3.9; p < 0.001) as independent variables associated with acquisition of ESBL-EC. The study demonstrated a progressive increase in the number of ESBL-EC isolates in a non-epidemic setting. Most cases of ESBL-EC colonisation or infection occurred in hospitalised patients exposed to invasive procedures and antibiotic pressure.
authors.affiliation: Infectious Diseases Service, Hospital Universitari de Bellvitge, Barcelona, Spain. cpena@csub.scs.es
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Peña
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gudiol
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tubau
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Saballs
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pujol
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Dominguez
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Calatayud
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ariza
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gudiol
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003428:Cross Infection / Q000453:epidemiology; D016521:Electrophoresis, Gel, Pulsed-Field; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D004927:Escherichia coli Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006784:Hospitals, Teaching; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D001618:beta-Lactamases / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001618:beta-Lactamases