Population-based study of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy among type 2 diabetic patients in Kinmen, Taiwan.
OBJECTIVE
This study was conducted to assess the prevalence and associated factors of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy among type 2 diabetic patients in Kinmen, Taiwan.


METHODS
From 1991 to 1993, 971 type 2 diabetic patients in Kinmen underwent diabetic retinopathy screening performed by a panel of ophthalmologists using indirect ophthalmoscopy and 45 degrees color fundus retinal photographs.


RESULTS
Of the 971 patients screened in 1991-1993, 578 (59.5%) were examined for this study. Diabetic retinopathy was diagnosed in 127 patients (22.0%), including nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy in 13.3%, proliferative diabetic retinopathy in 1.4%, legal blindness in 1.4%, and ungradable diabetic retinopathy in 5.9%. Significant associated factors of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy based on multiple logistic regression analysis were fasting plasma glucose (FPG) at baseline [> or =126 mg/dl vs. <126 mg/dl; odds ratio (OR) = 2.89; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.01-9.09], 2-h postload at baseline (> or =200 vs. <200 mg/dl; OR = 1.48; 95% CI, 1.09-2.07); HbA1c at follow-up (> or =7% vs. <7%; OR = 6.54; 95% CI, 3.01-14.20), duration of diabetes (> or =15 years vs. <10 years; OR = 6.72; 95% CI, 2.13-21.18), and incremental systolic blood pressure between baseline and follow-up (OR = 1.02; 95% CI, 1.00-1.04).


CONCLUSIONS
In addition to the longer duration of type 2 diabetes, FPG at baseline, poorly controlled glucose concentration, and altered blood pressure may increase the risk of nonproliferative diabetic retinopathy in type 2 diabetic patients.
Tung
Tao-Hsin
TH
Community Medicine Research Center & Institute of Public Health, National Yang-Ming University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Liu
Jorn-Hon
JH
Lee
Fenq-Lih
FL
Chen
Shih-Jen
SJ
Li
An-Fei
AF
Chou
Pesus
P
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D009887:Ophthalmoscopy; D015995:Prevalence; D013624:Taiwan / Q000453:epidemiology
D001786:Blood Glucose