title: Body size and weight as predisposing factors in varicocele.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The literature regarding the constitutional type of children and adolescents with varicocele is inconsistent. The aim of this investigation was to examine a possible influence of weight, height and body mass index (BMI) on the formation of varicoceles during childhood and adolescence.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a retrospective data analysis, 193 Caucasian children and adolescents aged 9-19 years (mean age 14.7 years) with left-sided varicocele grade 2-3 were studied. The weight, height and BMI of the subjects were compared with the age-correlated normal values currently accepted in Germany. Additionally, the familial disposition for varicocele and the occurrence of relevant concurrent diseases were considered.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the group of patients examined, the mean percentiles of weight (57th) and height (58th) were significantly above and the mean BMI percentile (42th) was significantly below the age-correlated 50th percentile for the normal population (p=0.019, 0.005 and 0.002). In our case material, 12.2% of all brothers of the patients had varicoceles.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of this investigation suggest a correlation between physical appearance and the formation of a varicocele during childhood or adolescence. We were able to demonstrate that patients with varicocele were heavier and taller than an age-correlated normal population, but had a distinctly lower BMI. Further studies are needed to verify whether this rather athletic habitus, together with the postulated difference in muscle:fat ratio, represents an important etiologic factor for varicocele formation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Carl-Thiem Hospital Cottbus, Cottbus, Germany. M.May@ctk.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: May
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Taymoorian
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Beutner
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Helke
authors.forename: K P
authors.initials: KP
authors.lastname: Braun
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lein
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Roigas
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hoschke
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D049628:Body Size; D001835:Body Weight; D015984:Causality; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D011336:Probability; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014646:Varicocele / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*