title: Prevalence of drug resistance under the DOTS strategy in Hyderabad, South India, 2001-2003.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB), defined as resistance to at least isoniazid (INH) and rifampicin (RMP), is considered a threat to TB control. Implementation of DOTS ensures high cure rates and prevents MDR.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study the prevalence of MDR-TB from a retrospective analysis of the data in a tuberculosis unit where DOTS was implemented over a period of 6 years through public private mix (PPM).
  
  
  METHODS
  Drug susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis samples isolated from the cultures of newly registered and retreatment sputum smear-positive cases during 2001-2003.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the study, 909 sputum-positive cases were registered and analysed. Of these, 714 were new and 195 were retreatment sputum-positive cases. INH resistance was found in 3.2% (23) of new and 9.2% (18) of retreatment cases. RMP resistance was present in 1.5% (11) of new and 7.2% (14) of retreatment cases. MDR was present only in 0.14% (1) of new and 2% (4) of retreatment cases. New cases had cure rates of 96% compared to 85% in retreatment cases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of MDR-TB is low where success rates are high.
authors.affiliation: Immunology Unit, Bhagwan Mahavir Medical Research Centre, Hyderabad, India.
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Anuradha
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Aparna
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Hari Sai Priya
authors.forename: V H S
authors.initials: VH
authors.lastname: Priya
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Vijaya Lakshmi
authors.forename: V V
authors.initials: VV
authors.lastname: Lakshmi
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Akbar
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Suman Latha
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Latha
authors.forename: K J R
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Murthy
mesh_terms: D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023801:Directly Observed Therapy; D006801:Humans; D007194:India / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D018088:Tuberculosis, Multidrug-Resistant / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology*
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents