title: Cyclosporine-responsive thrombocytopenia in a patient with chloramphenicol-associated myelodysplastic syndrome.
abstract: A 64-yr-old patient with myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS), with refractory cytopenia with multilineage dysplasia subtype following chloramphenicol exposure received immunosuppressive treatment with antithymocyte globulin and cyclosporine (CsA). Complete remission was achieved and CsA was tapered after 2.5 yr. Shortly after CsA withdrawal, the patient relapsed with thrombocytopenia but responded to restoration of CsA. This case illustrates that immune-mediated mechanisms of cytopenia in MDS may be dependent on continued immunosuppressive treatment similar to aplastic anemia.
authors.affiliation: Hematology Division, Department of Medicine, University Hospital Basel, Basel, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Arber
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buser
authors.forename: Dominik
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Heim
authors.forename: Alois
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gratwohl
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tichelli
authors.forename: Jakob R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Passweg
mesh_terms: D002701:Chloramphenicol / Q000009:adverse effects*; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D010198:Pancytopenia / Q000276:immunology; D010976:Platelet Count; D013921:Thrombocytopenia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D002701:Chloramphenicol; D016572:Cyclosporine