title: Relationship of body condition score and blood urea and ammonia to pregnancy in Italian Mediterranean buffaloes.
abstract: The relationship of body condition score (BCS) and blood urea and ammonia to pregnancy outcome was examined in Italian Mediterranean Buffalo cows mated by AI. The study was conducted on 150 buffaloes at 145 +/- 83 days in milk that were fed a diet comprising 14.8% crude protein, 0.9 milk forage units.kg-1 dry matter and a non-structural carbohydrate/crude protein ratio of 2.14. The stage of the oestrous cycle was synchronised by the Ovsynch-TAI programme and blood urea and ammonia levels were assessed on the day of AI. Energy corrected milk (ECM) production and BCS were recorded bi-weekly. The pregnancy risk was 46.7% and was slightly lower in buffaloes with BCS < 6.0 and BCS > 7.5. There were no significant differences in ECM, urea and ammonia between pregnant and non-pregnant buffaloes. However, pregnancy outcome was higher (P = 0.02) in buffaloes with blood urea < 6.83 mmol.L-1. The likelihood of pregnancy for buffaloes with low urea blood level was 2.6 greater than for high urea level and exposure to a high urea level lowered the probability of pregnancy by about 0.25. The findings indicate that buffaloes are similar to cattle and increased blood levels of urea are associated with reduced fertility when animals are mated by AI.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Zootecniche e Ispezione degli Alimenti, B. Ferrara section, Federico II University, V. F. Delpino, 1, 80137 Naples, Italy. guicampa@unina.it
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Campanile
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Neglia
authors.forename: Rossella
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Di Palo
authors.forename: Bianca
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gasparrini
authors.forename: Corrado
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pacelli
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: D'Occhio
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zicarelli
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000097:blood*; D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001806:Blood Urea Nitrogen; D001824:Body Constitution / Q000502:physiology*; D002020:Buffaloes / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D004973:Estrus Synchronization; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000502:physiology*; D007315:Insemination, Artificial / Q000662:veterinary; D016015:Logistic Models; D011247:Pregnancy; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D000641:Ammonia