title: Papillary renal carcinoma: diagnostic approach by chemical shift gradient-echo and echo-planar MR imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To elucidate whether MRI can detect fat in interstitial histiocytes and hemosiderin (Hs) deposition (both of which are histological characteristics of papillary renal carcinoma (RCpap)) within RCpap.
  
  
  METHODS
  Preoperative MR images of nine surgically confirmed RCpap and 57 clear cell renal carcinoma (RCcc) cases were retrospectively studied. Solid components of the lesions were evaluated. For fat detection, signal reduction on opposed-phase images of chemical shift MRI (CSI) was used. For Hs detection, signal reduction on echo-planar images or in-phase images of CSI was used. The prevalence of fat and Hs detection was compared between RCpap and RCcc.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In five of nine RCpap (54%), and 38 of 57 RCcc (67%), the presence of fat within the tumor was suggested by CSI (P = 0.71). Hs deposition within tumors was suggested by either EPI or CSI in nine of nine RCpap (100%), and 28 of 57 RCcc (51%) (P = 0.0036). Hs in RCpap was observed without or apart from necrosis or hemorrhage, whereas Hs in RCcc was located predominantly around necrosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Detecting intratumoral Hs by EPI or CSI, particularly that unrelated to necrosis or hemorrhage, may help differentiate RCpap from RCcc.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Radiology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University Hospital, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. yoshimitsu@dr.hosp.kyushu-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Kengo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshimitsu
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kakihara
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Irie
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tajima
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nishie
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Asayama
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hirakawa
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakayama
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Honda
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000473:pathology; D017352:Echo-Planar Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006485:Hemosiderin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies
chemical_list: D006485:Hemosiderin