title: Cyclosporine A, FK-506, 40-0-[2-hydroxyethyl]rapamycin and mycophenolate mofetil inhibit proliferation of human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of cyclosporine A (CsA), FK-506, and mycophenolate mofetil (MMF) and 40-0-[2-hydroxyethyl]rapamycin (RAD) on proliferation of human intrahepatic biliary epithelial cells (BECs) in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  BECs were isolated from six human liver tissuespecimens with the immunomagnetic separation method and treated with different concentrations of CsA, FK-506, RAD, and MMF in vitro. Proliferation of the cells was measured by MTT assay at 24 and 48 h after treatment, respectively. One-way analysis of variance was used to analyze the results. Expression of CK 19 in BECs was monitored by flow cytometry and Western blot.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Six lines of BECs were established. They survived for 4-18 wk in vitro. Flow cytometry analysis showed that these cells always expressed CK19. CsA, FK-506, RAD, and MMF inhibited proliferation of BECs in a dose-dependent manner. The lowest concentration of CsA, FK-506, RAD, and MMF to inhibit proliferation of BECs (P<0.05) was 500, 100, 0.25, and 100 mug/L, respectively. However, the expression of CK19 by BECs was not changed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CsA, FK-506, RAD, and MMF have an antiproliferative effect on human intrahepatic BECs in vitro, while RAD has the strongest growth-inhibitory effect. Their possible effects on liver regeneration and bile duct injury in transplant patients should be further investigated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University Hospital Essen, Hufelandstr. 55, 45122 Essen, Germany.
authors.forename: Chao
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schreiter
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Frilling
authors.forename: Uta
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dahmen
authors.forename: Christoph E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Broelsch
authors.forename: Guido
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gerken
authors.forename: Ulrich
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Treichel
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002469:Cell Separation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002648:Child; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D000068338:Everolimus; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007223:Infant; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D020123:Sirolimus / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine; D000068338:Everolimus; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid; D020123:Sirolimus; D016559:Tacrolimus