title: Endoscopically guided placement of prefabricated cochlear implant electrodes in a common cavity malformation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To devise a safe and effective method of optimal customized electrode placement in the common cavity of children with cochleovestibular malformations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Specialized electrodes were manufactured on the basis of three-dimensional data obtained from the high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) scans of the temporal bones of these two children. Electrode positioning was achieved with direct endoscopic view of the cavity utilizing a three-hole common cavity technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Optimal electrode positioning in apposition to the medial neuroepithelium in the common cavity was verified visually intraoperatively. Postoperatively, minimal stable electrical current levels were found to be required.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Custom-designed electrodes have the potential to offer improved results in children with common cavity malformations. Intraoperative direct positioning may further improve these results.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Columbia University, 180 Fort Washington Street, HP812, New York, NY 10032, USA. sm2397@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Spiros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Manolidis
authors.forename: Ross
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tonini
authors.forename: Jaclyn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Spitzer
mesh_terms: D003051:Cochlea / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000294:innervation / Q000601:surgery; D019929:Cochlear Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D003054:Cochlear Implants; D003638:Deafness / Q000151:congenital*; D007758:Ear, Inner / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D004724:Endoscopy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D017755:Prosthesis Fitting; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed