title: Effect of pioglitazone on pancreatic beta-cell function and diabetes risk in Hispanic women with prior gestational diabetes.
abstract: The Pioglitazone In Prevention Of Diabetes (PIPOD) study was conducted to evaluate beta-cell function, insulin resistance, and the incidence of diabetes during treatment with pioglitazone in Hispanic women with prior gestational diabetes who had completed participation in the Troglitazone In Prevention Of Diabetes (TRIPOD) study. Women who completed the TRIPOD study were offered participation in the PIPOD study for a planned 3 years of drug treatment and 6 months of postdrug washout. Oral glucose tolerance tests were performed annually on pioglitazone and at the end of the postdrug washout. Intravenous glucose tolerance tests (IVGTTs) for assessment of insulin sensitivity and beta-cell function were conducted at baseline, after 1 year on pioglitazone, and at the end of the postdrug washout. Of 95 women who were not diabetic at the end of the TRIPOD study, 89 enrolled in the PIPOD study, 86 completed at least one follow-up visit, and 65 completed all study visits, including the postdrug tests. Comparison of changes in beta-cell compensation for insulin resistance across the TRIPOD and PIPOD studies revealed that pioglitazone stopped the decline in beta-cell function that occurred during placebo treatment in the TRIPOD study and maintained the stability of beta-cell function that had occurred during troglitazone treatment in the TRIPOD study. The risk of diabetes, which occurred at an average rate of 4.6% per year, was lowest in women with the largest reduction in total IVGTT insulin area after 1 year of treatment. The similarity of findings between the PIPOD and TRIPOD studies support a class effect of thiazolidinedione drugs to enhance insulin sensitivity, reduce insulin secretory demands, and preserve pancreatic beta-cell function, all in association with a relatively low rate of type 2 diabetes, in Hispanic women with prior gestational diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Preventive Medicine, University of Southern California Keck School of Medicine, Los Angeles, USA. buchanan@usc.edu
authors.forename: Anny H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Xiang
authors.forename: Ruth K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Peters
authors.forename: Siri L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Kjos
authors.forename: Aura
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Marroquin
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Goico
authors.forename: Cesar
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ochoa
authors.forename: Miwa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kawakubo
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Buchanan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016640:Diabetes, Gestational / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005260:Female; D006630:Hispanic or Latino; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D000077205:Pioglitazone; D011247:Pregnancy; D012306:Risk; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D000077205:Pioglitazone