title: Fertility in Norwegian women: results from a population-based health survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Reproductive behaviour has changed during the most recent decades, with increased infertility and subfertility. This study evaluated fertility, estimated the prevalence of fertility problems, and assessed possible predictors for impaired fertility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eligible subjects were 9,983 menopausal women participating in two health surveys. Data were collected by comprehensive questionnaires.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of all women 89.3% were fertile, 4.8% were subfertile, 4.1% were voluntarily childless, and 1.8% were involuntaruly childless. Impaired fertility was associated with a higher level of education and excessive alcohol intake. There were significant differences in subfertility among the parous women, with increased subfertility with decreasing age. Among the nullipara, involuntary childlessness was more prevalent in the youngest age group, while voluntary childlessness increased with advancing age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Fertility problems were quite common, and have increased in younger age groups, though seemingly fewer women remained childless past their reproductive age in the youngest age group.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and General Practice, Faculty of Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway. berit.rostad@medisin.ntnu.no
authors.forename: Berit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Rostad
authors.forename: Berit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schei
authors.forename: Johanne
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sundby
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility; D006306:Health Surveys; D006801:Humans; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008019:Life Style; D008875:Middle Aged; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D010298:Parity; D011247:Pregnancy; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires