title: Dynamical determinants of drug-inducible gene expression in a single bacterium.
abstract: A primitive example of adaptation in gene expression is the balance between the rate of synthesis and degradation of cellular RNA, which allows rapid responses to environmental signals. Here, we investigate how multidrug efflux pump systems mediate the dynamics of a simple drug-inducible system in response to a steady level of inducer. Using fluorescence correlation spectroscopy, we measured in real time within a single bacterium the transcription activity at the RNA level of the acrAB-TolC multidrug efflux pump system. When cells are exposed to constant level of anhydrotetracycline inducer and are adsorbed onto a poly-L-lysine-coated surface, we found that the acrAB-TolC promoter is steadily active. We also monitored the activity of the tet promoter to characterize the effect of this efflux system on the dynamics of drug-inducible transcription. We found that the transcriptional response of the tet promoter to a steady level of aTc rises and then falls back to its preinduction level. The rate of RNA degradation was constant throughout the transcriptional pulse, indicating that the modulation of intracellular inducer concentration alone can produce this pulsating response. Single-cell experiments together with numerical simulations suggest that such pulsating response in drug-inducible genetic systems is a property emerging from the dependence of drug-inducible transcription on multidrug efflux systems.
authors.affiliation: The Institute for Biophysical Dynamics, University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois 60637, USA.
authors.forename: Thuc T
authors.initials: TT
authors.lastname: Le
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Emonet
authors.forename: Sebastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Harlepp
authors.forename: Calin C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Guet
authors.forename: Philippe
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cluzel
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D004926:Escherichia coli / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000821:virology; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D015964:Gene Expression Regulation, Bacterial / Q000187:drug effects*; D017909:Levivirus / Q000235:genetics; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D012329:RNA, Bacterial / Q000096:biosynthesis; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013752:Tetracycline / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D008074:Lipoproteins; D026901:Membrane Transport Proteins; D027425:ATP-Binding Cassette, Sub-Family C Proteins; D012329:RNA, Bacterial; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013752:Tetracycline; C083497:AcrA protein, E coli; C083496:AcrB protein, E coli