title: Synthesis and anti-HIV activity of beta-D-3'-azido-2',3'-unsaturated nucleosides and beta-D-3'-azido-3'-deoxyribofuranosylnucleosides.
abstract: Since the discovery of 3'-azido-3'-deoxythymidine (AZT) and 2',3'-didehydro-2',3'-dideoxythymidine (d4T) as potent and selective inhibitors of the replication of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), there has been a growing interest for the synthesis of 2',3'-didehydro-2',3'dideoxynucleosides with electron withdrawing groups on the sugar moiety. Here we described an efficient method for the synthesis of such nucleoside analogs bearing structural features of both AZT and d4T The key intermediate, 3-azido-1,2-bis-O-acetyl-5-O-benzoyl-3-deoxy-D-ribofuranose, 5 was synthesized from commercially available D-xylose in five steps, from which a series of pyrimidine and purine nucleosides were synthesized in high yields. The resultant protected nucleosides were converted to target nucleosides using appropriate chemical modifications. The final nucleosides were evaluated as potential anti-HIV agents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, The University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia 30602, USA.
authors.forename: Srinivas
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gadthula
authors.forename: Chung K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chu
authors.forename: Raymond F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Schinazi
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000254:growth & development*; D006801:Humans; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000821:virology; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D018119:Stavudine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects*; D014994:Xylose / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000138:chemical synthesis* / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D018894:Reverse Transcriptase Inhibitors; D015215:Zidovudine; D014994:Xylose; D018119:Stavudine