title: Integration of sexual and reproductive health in the medical curriculum in Pakistan.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the knowledge of medical practitioners regarding management of selected reproductive tract infections, diagnosis of sexual dysfunction and identification of sexual abuse and to assess the attitudes and practices of health care providers regarding sexual and reproductive rights in order to recommend areas that need to be incorporated in a sexual and reproductive health curriculum.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional survey.
  
  
  METHODS
  From March to August 2003 in the District Turbat of Balochistan, Pakistan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Selected indicators of knowledge, attitudes and practices regarding sexual and reproductive health of primary care physicians were assessed using a pre-tested questionnaire and formal/informal interviews. Variables were identified from the literature and previous in-depth interviews, and then formulated into respective questions. A Lichert scale marked from 1 to 5 was used for categorizing responses into agreed, neutral and disagreed. Descriptive statistics were computed using SPSS version 10 for windows. Qualitative interviews were translated and transcribed and analyzed according to pre-judged and emerging themes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 45 physicians interviewed, nearly half scored less than 50% in the knowledge section. Attitudes and practices assessed suggested a tendency to be judgmental, gender/rights discriminatory and with little provision for enabling clients to make their own decisions, so essential for quality sexual health service provision.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Keeping in view the importance of the sexual health issues and a lack of ability of health care providers to handle it effectively, deficient areas of sexual health must be integrated into the medical curriculum. Medical educators have the responsibility to train physicians and other health professionals in the core competencies to improve the sexual and reproductive health of their communities.
authors.affiliation: Aahung, Karachi-Pakistan. ha-aahung@cyber.net.pk
authors.forename: Habib Ahmed
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Afsar
authors.forename: Sikandar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sohani
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Younus
authors.forename: Shazia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mohamad
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003479:Curriculum; D005260:Female; D019538:Health Care Surveys; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020380:Needs Assessment; D010154:Pakistan; D010821:Physicians, Family / Q000523:psychology*; D018456:Reproductive Medicine / Q000193:education*; D012736:Sex Education