title: Emergence of Opisthorchis viverrini cercariae from naturally infected Bithynia (Digoniostoma) siamensis goniomphalos.
abstract: Under natural conditions, the emergence of Opisthorchis viverrini cercariae from naturally infected Bithynia (Digoniostoma) siamensis goniomphalos showed diurnal periodicity, peaking between 8:00-10:00 AM. The cercariae did not emerge during darkness, but low-intensity light could induce a release. Cercariae shedded from each field infected B.(D.) s. goniomphalos was recorded daily. The maximum output from one snail was 1,728 cercariae in a day. The total cercarial output from all five infected snails was 56,555 and the maximum of total cercariae shed from one snail was 27,692. The field-infected B. (D.) s. goniomphalos could survive for 70 days after the snails were collected.
authors.affiliation: Department of Social and Environmental Medicine, Faculty of Tropical Medicine, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: Phunthira
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Phongsasakulchoti
authors.forename: Pusadee
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sri-aroon
authors.forename: Yupa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kerdpuech
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D004199:Disease Vectors; D004463:Ecology; D005210:Fasciola hepatica / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000469:parasitology / Q000502:physiology*; D006790:Host-Parasite Interactions; D008871:Microvilli / Q000648:ultrastructure; D009891:Opisthorchis / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000469:parasitology / Q000502:physiology*; D010270:Parasite Egg Count; D012908:Snails / Q000469:parasitology*; D013534:Survival; D013997:Time Factors