title: The effects of memory load and stimulus relevance on the EEG during a visual selective memory search task: an ERP and ERD/ERS study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Psychophysiological correlates of selective attention and working memory were investigated in a group of 18 healthy children using a visually presented selective memory search task.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subjects had to memorize one (load1) or 3 (load3) letters (memory set) and search for these among a recognition set consisting of 4 letters only if the letters appeared in the correct (relevant) color. Event-related potentials (ERPs) as well as alpha and theta event-related synchronization and desynchronization (ERD/ERS) were derived from the EEG that was recorded during the task.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the ERP to the memory set, a prolonged load-related positivity was found. In response to the recognition set, effects of relevance were manifested in an early frontal positivity and a later frontal negativity. Effects of load were found in a search-related negativity within the attended category and a suppression of the P3-amplitude. Theta ERS was most pronounced for the most difficult task condition during the recognition set, whereas alpha ERD showed a load-effect only during memorization.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The manipulation of stimulus relevance and memory load affected both ERP components and ERD/ERS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present paradigm may supply a useful method for studying processes of selective attention and working memory and can be used to examine group differences between healthy controls and children showing psychopathology.
authors.affiliation: Department of Child- and Adolescent Psychiatry, Center of Child- and Adolescence Psychiatry, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Hanzeplein 1, 9713 GZ Groningen, The Netherlands. k.gomarus@accare.nl
authors.forename: H Karin
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Gomarus
authors.forename: Monika
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Althaus
authors.forename: Albertus A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Wijers
authors.forename: Ruud B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Minderaa
mesh_terms: D001288:Attention / Q000502:physiology*; D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000502:physiology*; D002648:Child; D002658:Developmental Disabilities / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D004569:Electroencephalography; D005071:Evoked Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000502:physiology*; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology*