title: Expression of human chorionic gonadotropin, CD44v6 and CD44v4/5 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the relationship between the expression of human chorionic gonadotropin (HCG), CD44v6, CD44v4/5 and the infiltration, metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  By labeled streptavidin-biotin technique, the expressions of HCG, CD44v6, and CD44v4/5 in 42 patients with esophageal squamous cell carcinoma were examined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The positive rate of HCG expression in patients with lymph node metastasis was 85.71% (18/21), higher than that (57.14%, 12/21) in those without lymph node metastasis (P<0.05). The positive rate of CD44v6 expression was 71.43% (15/21) in lymph node metastasis group, and 38.09% (8/21) in non-metastasis group; there was a significant difference between the two groups (P<0.05). The positive rate of CD44v4/5 expression was 76.19% (16/21) in lymph node metastasis group, and 42.86% (9/21) in non-metastasis group; there was also a significant difference between them (P<0.05). From grade I to grade III in differentiation, the positive rate of HCG expression was 84.62% (11/13), 70.59% (12/17) and 58.33% (7/12), respectively; there was no significant difference among them (P>0.05). The positive rate of CD44v6 expression in grades I-III of cancer tissues was 76.92% (10/13), 52.94% (9/17), and 33.33% (4/12) respectively; there was no significant difference among them. The positive rate of CD44v4/5 expression in grades I-III of cancer tissues was 69.23% (9/13), 64.71% (11/17), and 41.67% (5/12) respectively; there was no significant difference among the three groups. There was no correlation between the positive rates of HCG and CD44v6, CD44v4/5 expression. Cancer cells in carcinomatous emboli and those infiltrating into vascular wall strongly expressed HCG, CD44v6, and CD44v4/5.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Expression of HCG, CD44v6, and CD44v4/5 in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma is related to its infiltration and metastasis. HCG, CD44v6, and CD44v4/5 have different effects on the infiltration and metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma.
authors.affiliation: Henan Key Laboratory of Tumor Pathology, Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, 40 Daxue Road, Zhengzhou 450052, Henan Province, China. rjmli@163.com
authors.forename: Dao-Ming
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Shan-Shan
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yun-Han
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hui-Juan
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Dong-Ling
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Yong-Xia
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000556:secondary; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin / Q000378:metabolism*; D004938:Esophageal Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged
chemical_list: C497483:CD44 protein, human; C113800:CD44v5 antigen; C112697:CD44v6 antigen; D006063:Chorionic Gonadotropin; D006023:Glycoproteins; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors