title: Antioxidative function and biodistribution of [Gd@C82(OH)22]n nanoparticles in tumor-bearing mice.
abstract: Oxidative stress is considered to be one of the important mechanisms involved in carcinogenesis. In our previous study, gadolinium endohedral metallofullerenol ([Gd@C82(OH)22]n nanoparticles) have shown high inhibitory activity on hepatoma cell (H22) growth in mice. To explore the antioxidative functions of nanoparticles, we investigated the biodistribution of [Gd@C82(OH)22]n nanoparticles, the changes of blood coagulation profiles, the metabolism of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the tumor-bearing mice as well as the possible relationships between nanoparticles treatment and ROS production in this paper. The activities of hepatic superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione S-transferase (GST) and catalase (CAT) as well as the levels of reduced glutathione (GSH), protein-bound thiols and malondialdehyde (MDA) were compared between the tumor-bearing mice and normal mice. Transplanted tumors were grown in mice by subcutaneous injection of murine hepatoma cells in the mice. The comparison of the above parameters between nanoparticles and cyclophosphamide (CTX) therapy were also investigated. [Gd@C82(OH)22]n administration can efficiently restore the damaged liver and kidney of the tumor-bearing mice. All the activities of enzymes and other parameters related to oxidative stress were reduced after [Gd@C82(OH)22]n treatment and tended closely to the normal levels. The results suggest that [Gd@C82(OH)22]n nanoparticle treatment could regulate ROS production in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Lab for Bio-Environmental Health Sciences of Nanoscale Materials and Key Lab of Nuclear Analytical Techniques, Institute of High Energy Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 918, Beijing 100049, PR China.
authors.forename: Jiangxue
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chunying
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Bai
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hongwei
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Yuliang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Jin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Yufeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Gengmei
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: Hui
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Huan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Yuxi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Chang
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Zhifang
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Chai
authors.forename: Chuanfeng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Baocheng
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Xiaohong
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Lijun
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wan
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001777:Blood Coagulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D037741:Fullerenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005682:Gadolinium / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D049329:Nanostructures; D036103:Nanotechnology / Q000379:methods; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D037741:Fullerenes; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D005682:Gadolinium