title: The association between the interleukin-1 polymorphisms and gastric cancer risk depends on the family history of gastric carcinoma in the study population.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The association between interleukin-1 polymorphisms, H. pylori and increased gastric cancer risk remains controversial.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the prevalence of these polymorphisms in individuals with two mutually exclusive diseases connected with infection, gastric cancer, and duodenal ulcer.
  
  
  METHODS
  121 gastric cancer and 119 duodenal ulcer patients. Genomic DNA was typed for polymorphisms at position -511, -31 in the interleukin-1beta gene (IL-1 beta) using primer extension and mass-spectrometry. Analysis of the variable number of tandem repeats in intron 2, in its receptor antagonist gene (IL-1RN) was performed by PCR and agarose gel electrophoresis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All subjects were successfully genotyped for the three gene loci. IL-1 beta-511 was found to be in reverse linkage disequilibrium with IL-1 beta-31. The differences between gastric cancer and duodenal ulcer patients concerned only heterozygous variant of IL-1beta and were related to family history of gastric cancer, tumor stage, histology, site. Thus, CT carriers were found to have a higher risk of sporadic [OR 2.21 (95% CI, 1.22-3.99)], early [OR 2.81 (95% CI, 1.14-6.93)], diffuse [OR 2.48, (95% CI 1.21-5.09)] or non-cardia gastric cancer [OR 1.88 (95% CI 1.06-3.33)]. Furthermore, CT genotype was significantly more prevalent in gastric cancer patients with negative than in those with a positive family history (p = 0.039).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The association between the interleukin-1 polymorphisms and gastric cancer risk depends on the family history of gastric carcinoma in the study population. This phenomenon may be in part responsible for differences in results of interleukin-1 studies performed on populations with low and high gastric cancer prevalence.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, Pomeranian Medical Academy, Szczecin, Poland.
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Starzyńska
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ferenc
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Wex
authors.forename: Thilo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kähne
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lubiński
authors.forename: Malgorzata
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lawniczak
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Marlicz
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Malfertheiner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics*; D004381:Duodenal Ulcer / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D004587:Electrophoresis, Agar Gel; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D007438:Introns; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D012307:Risk Factors; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; C507763:IL1RN protein, human; D053590:Interleukin 1 Receptor Antagonist Protein; D007375:Interleukin-1; D017472:Receptors, Interleukin-1; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins