title: Detection of the new human coronavirus HKU1: a report of 6 cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Human coronavirus HKU1 (HCoV-HKU1), a new group 2 coronavirus, was first characterized in 2005 from 2 adults with pneumonia in Hong Kong, China. To the best of our knowledge, there is no other report to date about the detection of this new virus. We report a molecular method allowing for the detection of HCoV-HKU1 and also report the clinical presentation of 6 infected patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  We screened 141 specimens (135 nasal samples and 6 stool samples) received in February and March 2005 in our laboratory and obtained from 135 hospitalized patients (61.5% of whom were <5 years old and 34.1% of whom were >20 years old) for HCoV-HKU1.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HCoV-HKU1 was detected in 6 (4.4%) of the 135 nasal specimens and in 2 (33.3%) of the 6 stool samples; the positive samples were obtained from 6 patients (5 children and 1 adult). The clinical presentation of these 6 patients was as follows: 3 were admitted to the hospital for acute enteric disease resulting in severe dehydration associated with upper respiratory symptoms; 1 had fever, otitis, and febrile seizure; 1 had a sample obtained to investigate failure to thrive; and 1 had a sample obtained for exploration of X-linked agammaglobulinemia and hyperleucocytosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HCoV-HKU1 can be detected in respiratory and stool samples from children and adults in a part of the world other than Hong Kong. Our results suggest that HCoV-HKU1 could be associated with respiratory and enteric diseases, and its detection can be related to a persistent asymptomatic infection in patients with poor underlying conditions.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Virology, University Hospital of Caen, Caen, France. vabret-a@chu-caen.fr
authors.forename: Astrid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vabret
authors.forename: Julia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dina
authors.forename: Stéphanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gouarin
authors.forename: Joëlle
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Petitjean
authors.forename: Sandrine
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Corbet
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Freymuth
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003332:Coronaviridae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003333:Coronaviridae Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000821:virology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male