The fractionated Toona sinensis leaf extract induces apoptosis of human ovarian cancer cells and inhibits tumor growth in a murine xenograft model.
OBJECTIVE
Aqueous extract from the leaves of Toona sinensis Roem. has been shown to have an anti-proliferative effect on human lung cancer cells. In this study, we analyzed the anti-cancer activity/effect of different extraction fractions of the extract from T. sinensis leaves on ovarian cancer cells.


METHODS
Cell viability was determined by XTT cell proliferation assay and cell survival assay. Apoptotic effect was detected by morphological analysis and immunoblotting. Cell cycle effect was evaluated by flow cytometry analysis and immunoblotting. In vivo therapeutic effect was evaluated by the subcutaneous inoculation of SKOV3 cells in nude mice (Foxnlnu/Foxnlnu) model.


RESULTS
TSL2 of T. sinensis was more cytotoxic than other fractions and exhibited selectivity for ovarian cancer cell lines. TSL2 arrested SKOV3 ovarian cancer cells at the G2/M phase and induced cancer cells go through apoptotic pathway. Ex vivo xenograft study of nude mice showed that intraperitoneal injection of TSL2 was able to suppress the proliferation of ovarian cancer cells without significant nephrotoxicity, liver toxicity, or bone marrow suppression.
Chang
Hsueh-Ling
HL
Department of Medical Research, E-DA Hospital, I-Shou University, 1 E-DA Road, Jiau-Shu Tsuen, Yan-Chau Shiang, Kaohsiung County, 824 Taiwan, R.O.C.
Hsu
Hseng-Kuang
HK
Su
Jinu-Huang
JH
Wang
Pei-Hui
PH
Chung
Yueh-Fang
YF
Chia
Yi-Chen
YC
Tsai
Li-Yu
LY
Wu
Yang-Chang
YC
Yuan
Shyng-Shiou F
SS
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D031587:Cedrela / Q000737:chemistry*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D005260:Female; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry; D014197:Trees / Q000737:chemistry*; D023041:Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays
D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D010936:Plant Extracts