title: Beyond PTEN mutations: the PI3K pathway as an integrator of multiple inputs during tumorigenesis.
abstract: The tumour-suppressor phosphatase with tensin homology (PTEN) is the most important negative regulator of the cell-survival signalling pathway initiated by phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K). Although PTEN is mutated or deleted in many tumours, deregulation of the PI3K-PTEN network also occurs through other mechanisms. Crosstalk between the PI3K pathways and other tumorigenic signalling pathways, such as those that involve Ras, p53, TOR (target of rapamycin) or DJ1, can contribute to this deregulation. How does the PI3K pathway integrate signals from numerous sources, and how can this information be used in the rational design of cancer therapies?
authors.affiliation: The Campbell Family Institute for Breast Cancer Research, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5G 2C1, Canada.
authors.forename: Megan
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cully
authors.forename: Han
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: You
authors.forename: Arnold J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Levine
authors.forename: Tak W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Mak
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics*; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins
chemical_list: D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D051059:PTEN Phosphohydrolase; C494929:PTEN protein, human; C487757:Pten protein, mouse