title: [Verrucous carcinoma of the anus or Buschke-Lowenstein tumor of the anus: staging and treatment. Report of 3 cases].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Giant condyloma acuminatum or Buschke Lowenstein tumor of the anorectal and perianal regions is an uncommon entity that commonly affects genitalia. These are slow-growing, expansive, cauliflower-like, destructive lesions that could propagate to vulvar and vaginal region, rectum and bladder. The hallmark of the disease is the high rate of recurrence (66%) and malignant transformation (56%). No distant metastases usually occur. The median number of recurrences are 2 (range, 1-7).
  
  
  METHODS
  At the Oncological Surgical Department, University of Turin, three patients were diagnosed with a Buschke Lowenstein tumor. In two cases immunodeficiency was evidentiated (HIV in one case and ciclosporin treatment in the second one). The lesions were up to 15 cm of diameter and in one case scrotum was invaded. In another case a lesion in sacral region was observed. All patients were studied with anoproctoscopy, CT scan, pelvic magnetic resonance and lymphoscintigraphy for following biopsy of inguinal sentinel node for potential malignancy. All patients were submitted to extensive local surgical treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  No mortality was observed. In one case we observed a late anal stenosis treated with local dilatations. No more complications were observed. One patient with a small persistence of the disease was treated with cryotherapy. All inguinal nodes revealed negative to definitive histological exam, that confirmed the diagnosis of Buschke Lowenstein tumor of the primary lesion.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Buschke Lowenstein tumors are rare but extensive lesions difficult to treat. Local surgery with elettrocautery or laser is the first treatment of choice, even if abdominoperineal amputation sec. Miles could be considered in case of extremely extensive lesions or multiple and extensive recurrences. Others treatments proposed are radiotherapy, chemotherapy, interferon, iniquimod and so on. Other studies are requested to value the best treatment.
authors.affiliation: Sezione di Chirurgia Oncologica, Università degli Studi, Torino.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mistrangelo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mobiglia
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cassoni
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Castellano
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Maass
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Martina
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bellò
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mussa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001005:Anus Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D018289:Carcinoma, Verrucous / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging