title: Collagenases in gingival crevicular fluid in type 1 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Studies have demonstrated that high levels of collagenase activity in gingival crevicular fluid (GCF) are associated with degradation of periodontal tissues in progressive periodontitis compared to periodontally healthy tissues. Because the activation of collagenases is an important issue in periodontitis, we have studied the activation of collagenase in gingival crevicular fluid samples of diabetic patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Collagenase activity was studied in human gingival crevicular fluids. Twenty-two poorly controlled diabetic patients (e.g., blood glucose: 11.0+/-0.7 mmol/l; hemoglobin A1c [HbA1c]: 9.6%+/-0.3%) and five well-controlled diabetic patients were compared to six chronic periodontitis subjects and five healthy controls. Collagenase activity against type I collagen was measured using sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis quantitated by laser densitometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The poorly controlled diabetic patients had more alveolar bone loss than the well-controlled diabetic subjects and controls (P<0.001; t test). The activity of collagenases in GCF in poorly controlled diabetic patients was similar to that seen in chronic periodontitis subjects (P>0.05) but higher than in healthy controls (P<0.01; t test), whereas there was no difference between the well-controlled diabetic subjects and systemically healthy controls (P>0.05; t test).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Poorly controlled diabetes is strongly related to periodontal tissue destruction, and collagenases in GCF may mediate and reflect this effect.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Dentistry, University of Helsinki, and Department of Medicine/Invärtes Medicin, Helsinki University Hospital, Helsinki, Finland.
authors.forename: Bedia
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Safkan-Seppälä
authors.forename: Timo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sorsa
authors.forename: Taina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tervahartiala
authors.forename: Arzu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Beklen
authors.forename: Yrjö T
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Konttinen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002908:Chronic Disease; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000378:metabolism; D017364:Collagenases / Q000032:analysis*; D003720:Densitometry; D003774:Dental Plaque Index; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000201:enzymology*; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D005883:Gingival Crevicular Fluid / Q000201:enzymology*; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017622:Periodontal Attachment Loss / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010514:Periodontal Pocket / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000145:classification / Q000201:enzymology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D024042:Collagen Type I; D017364:Collagenases; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin