title: Identification of ABC transporters in Sarcoptes scabiei.
abstract: We have identified and partially sequenced 8 ABC transporters from an EST dataset of Sarcoptes scabiei var. hominis, the causative agent of scabies. Analysis confirmed that most of the known ABC subfamilies are represented in the EST dataset including several members of the multidrug resistance protein subfamily (ABC-C). Although P-glycoprotein (ABC-B) sequences were not found in the EST dataset, a partial P-glycoprotein sequence was subsequently obtained using a degenerate PCR strategy and library screening. Thus a total of 9 potential S. scabiei ABC transporters representing the subfamilies A, B, C, E, F and H have been identified. Ivermectin is currently used in the treatment of hyper-infested (crusted) scabies, and has also been identified as a potentially effective acaricide for mass treatment programmes in scabies-endemic communities. The observation of clinical and in vitro ivermectin resistance in 2 crusted scabies patients who received multiple treatments has raised serious concerns regarding the sustainability of such programmes. One possible mechanism for ivermectin resistance is through ABC transporters such as P-glycoprotein. This work forms an important foundation for further studies to elucidate the potential role of ABC transporters in ivermectin resistance of S. scabiei.
authors.affiliation: Menzies School of Health Research, Darwin NT AustraliaInstitute of Advanced Studies, Charles Darwin University, Darwin NT Australia. kate.mounsey@menzies.edu.au
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Mounsey
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Holt
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McCarthy
authors.forename: S F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Walton
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000235:genetics; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D017173:Caenorhabditis elegans / Q000235:genetics; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D017931:DNA Primers / Q000737:chemistry; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000235:genetics; D020224:Expressed Sequence Tags; D015723:Gene Library; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012520:Sarcoptes scabiei / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D018528:ATP-Binding Cassette Transporters; D017931:DNA Primers