title: Estimation of the prevalence of lymphatic filariasis by a pool screen PCR assay using blood spots collected on filter paper.
abstract: The prevalence of lymphatic filariasis was estimated by PCR-based pool screening of night blood collected from 865 individuals living in ten areas endemic for Wuchereria bancrofti, Brugia malayi or B. timori in Indonesia. A total of 232 microfilaraemics were identified by filtration of 1 ml of blood. The microfilaria (mf) prevalence ranged from 6% to 54%, and the mf density in microfilaraemics ranged from 1 mf/ml to 6028 mf/ml. PCR assays both for W. bancrofti or Brugia spp. detected a single mf present on a 30 microl dried filter paper blood spot. One hundred and seventy-eight pools of five blood spots in each pool (pool-5) were tested by PCR and 101 (57%) pools were positive. When pool size was increased to 10 spots per pool (pool-10), 65 (70%) of 93 pools were positive. Pearson's correlation and linear regression showed a strong correlation between filtration and pool screen PCR results for pool-10 (r=0.835) and pool-5 (r=0.695). Based on the determination coefficient (R), the results of pool-10 PCR (R=0.697) gave a better prediction compared with pool-5 PCR (R=0.483). This study suggests that pool screen PCR may be a useful tool for monitoring the Global Program to Eliminate Lymphatic Filariasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Indonesia, Salemba 6, Jakarta 10430, Indonesia. taniawati@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Taniawati
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Supali
authors.forename: Is S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Ismid
authors.forename: Heri
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wibowo
authors.forename: Yenny
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Djuardi
authors.forename: Esther
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Majawati
authors.forename: Praba
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ginanjar
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fischer
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D002009:Brugia / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004605:Elephantiasis, Filarial / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007214:Indonesia / Q000453:epidemiology; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008842:Microfilariae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D008875:Middle Aged; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D015995:Prevalence; D014958:Wuchereria bancrofti / Q000302:isolation & purification*