Angiogenesis in cholangiocellular carcinoma: expression of vascular endothelial growth factor, angiopoietin-1/2, thrombospondin-1 and clinicopathological significance.
Angiogenesis in cholangiocellular carcinoma (CCC) has rarely been investigated. The aim of this study was to determine the angiogenesis status of CCC and assess its relationship with angiogenic factors and clinicopathological characteristics. We examined 33 surgically resected CCC specimens. Tumor angiogenesis was assessed by microvessel density (MVD) using the anti-CD34 antibody, and the expression of VEGF, Ang-1, Ang-2, and TSP-1 was determined by immunohistochemistry. The mean (+/- SD) MVD was 87.2+/-52.6/mm2 (range, 0-229/mm2). A total of 75.6% cases were positive for VEGF expression, 36% for Ang-1, 57.6% for Ang-2 and 45.5% for TSP-1. VEGF and Ang-2 expression was associated with a significantly higher level of MVD (p=0.004 and 0.015, respectively). TSP-1 expression was associated with a significantly lower level of MVD (p=0.005) and a higher level of intrahepatic metastasis (46.7% vs. 5.6%, p=0.012). There was no significant correlation between VEGF, Ang-1, Ang-2, and TSP-1 expression and tumor size, capsule formation, infiltration of capsule, portal vein invasion, intrahepatic metastasis or CCC differentiation. There was no significant correlation between MVD levels, VEGF, Ang-1, Ang-2, and TSP-1 expression and postoperative survival. A considerable degree of angiogenesis, comparable to that of other solid tumors, was observed in CCC. VEGF and Ang-2 might play a proangiogenic role, and TSP-1 may play an inhibitory role in CCC. Although TSP-1 may increase intrahepatic CCC metastases, neither MVD levels nor the expression of VEGF, Ang-1, or Ang-2 was associated with clinicopathological factors and prognosis.
Tang
Di
D
Department of Surgery, Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka University, Suita 565-0871, Osaka, Japan.
Nagano
Hiroaki
H
Yamamoto
Hirofumi
H
Wada
Hiroshi
H
Nakamura
Masato
M
Kondo
Motoi
M
Ota
Hideo
H
Yoshioka
Shinichi
S
Kato
Hitoshi
H
Damdinsuren
Bazarragchaa
B
Marubashi
Shigeru
S
Miyamoto
Atsushi
A
Takeda
Yutaka
Y
Umeshita
Koji
K
Dono
Keizo
K
Wakasa
Kenichi
K
Monden
Morito
M
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D042683:Angiopoietin-1 / Q000032:analysis; D042702:Angiopoietin-2 / Q000032:analysis; D018952:Antigens, CD34 / Q000032:analysis; D001650:Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D001653:Bile Ducts, Intrahepatic; D018281:Cholangiocarcinoma / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000473:pathology; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D019700:Thrombospondin 1 / Q000032:analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000032:analysis
D042683:Angiopoietin-1; D042702:Angiopoietin-2; D018952:Antigens, CD34; D019700:Thrombospondin 1; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A