The pathogenesis of insulin resistance in children: metabolic complications and the roles of diet, exercise and pharmacotherapy in the prevention of type 2 diabetes.
In this manuscript we discuss the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes in children, emphasizing the central importance of obesity, insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, hypertension and endothelial dysfunction. We then review critically the benefits of diet, exercise and pharmacotherapy in preventing type 2 diabetes and vascular complications in high risk children and young adults.
Artz
Evelyn
E
Division of Pediatric Endocrinology and Diabetes, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
Freemark
Michael
M
D002648:Child; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003927:Diet, Diabetic / Q000379:methods*; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D012307:Risk Factors
D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin