title: P38MAPK-dependent phosphorylation and degradation of SRC-3/AIB1 and RARalpha-mediated transcription.
abstract: Nuclear retinoic acid (RA) receptors (RARs) activate gene expression through dynamic interactions with coregulators in coordination with the ligand and phosphorylation processes. Here we show that during RA-dependent activation of the RARalpha isotype, the p160 coactivator pCIP/ACTR/AIB-1/RAC-3/TRAM-1/SRC-3 is phosphorylated by p38MAPK. SRC-3 phosphorylation has been correlated to an initial facilitation of RARalpha-target genes activation, via the control of the dynamics of the interactions of the coactivator with RARalpha. Then, phosphorylation inhibits transcription via promoting the degradation of SRC-3. In line with this, inhibition of p38MAPK markedly enhances RARalpha-mediated transcription and RA-dependent induction of cell differentiation. SRC-3 phosphorylation and degradation occur only within the context of RARalpha complexes, suggesting that the RAR isotype defines a phosphorylation code through dictating the accessibility of the coactivator to p38MAPK. We propose a model in which RARalpha transcriptional activity is regulated by SRC-3 through coordinated events that are fine-tuned by RA and p38MAPK.
authors.affiliation: Laboratorio di Biologia Molecolare, Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milano, Italia.
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giannì
authors.forename: Edoardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Parrella
authors.forename: Ivan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Raska
authors.forename: Emilie
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gaillard
authors.forename: Elisa Agnese
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Nigro
authors.forename: Claudine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gaudon
authors.forename: Enrico
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Garattini
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rochette-Egly
mesh_terms: D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D019556:COS Cells; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes / Q000378:metabolism; D056921:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 3; D015513:Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D000072482:Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000378:metabolism*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D046912:Multiprotein Complexes; D015513:Oncogene Proteins; C000607071:RARA protein, human; C000607072:Rara protein, mouse; D018168:Receptors, Retinoic Acid; D000072482:Retinoic Acid Receptor alpha; D015534:Trans-Activators; D014212:Tretinoin; D000123:Acetyltransferases; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; C538866:NCOA3 protein, human; C538867:Ncoa3 protein, mouse; D056921:Nuclear Receptor Coactivator 3; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases