title: A randomized clinical study of tea catechin inhalation effects on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus in disabled elderly patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the effects of tea catechin inhalation on methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) in disabled elderly patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seven days, randomized, prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three hospitals in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-two patients aged 78 +/- 11 years (mean age +/- standard deviation) with cerebrovascular diseases, classified as disabled according to the activity of daily living and were either bedridden or required assistance for standing, and showing presence of MRSA in sputum.
  
  
  METHODS
  Inhalation of 2 mL tea catechin extract solution along with saline (3.7 mg/mL catechins, 43% of catechins are composed of epigallocatechin gallate), or saline alone, 3 times daily using a handheld nebulizer for 7 days.
  
  
  METHODS
  The endpoint of efficacy was the reduction rates of MRSA in sputum. The safety measure was the adverse events observed during the 7 days of inhalation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The reduction rates calculated as the summation of decrease and disappearance of MRSA in sputum at 7 days were 47% (17 of 36 patients) in the catechin group and 15% (5 of 33 patients) in the control group; the difference in the reduction rates between the 2 groups was statistically significant (P = .014). The disappearance rate of MRSA in sputum was higher in the catechin group (31%; 11 patients) when compared with the control group (12%; 4 patients), however the difference in the disappearance rate between the 2 groups was not statistically significant (P = .091). No adverse events, such as respiratory tract obstruction, allergic bronchial spasm, or skin eruption, including laboratory changes, were observed during the study.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The catechin inhalation appeared to reduce the MRSA count in sputum. However, the application of tea catechin inhalation as a supplementary treatment for controlling MRSA infection remains controversial.
authors.affiliation: Division of Drug Evaluation and Informatics, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Suruga-ku, Shizuoka 422-8526, Japan. hyamada@u-shizuoka-ken.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamada
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tateishi
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohashi
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Tetsushi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Atsumi
authors.forename: Yasuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Komagata
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Iijima
authors.forename: Kanki
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Komiyama
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watanabe
authors.forename: Yukihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Kyoichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ohashi
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002392:Catechin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002561:Cerebrovascular Disorders / Q000150:complications; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D006233:Persons with Disabilities; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D016330:Frail Elderly; D006769:Hospitals, General; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D008297:Male; D016106:Methicillin Resistance; D011446:Prospective Studies; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus; D013662:Tea / Q000737:chemistry*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D013662:Tea; D002392:Catechin