The effect of cardiopulmonary bypass on the expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase, endothelial nitric oxide synthase, and vascular endothelial growth factor in the internal mammary artery.
OBJECTIVE
Endothelial function of a vessel may be impaired by local or systemic inflammation initiated by cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) during coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery. The present study was designed to investigate the early effects of CPB on nitric oxide production and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) expression in internal mammary artery (IMA).


METHODS
Prospective study.


METHODS
University hospital.


METHODS
Twenty patients who were scheduled for elective CABG with CPB.


METHODS
IMA sections were studied immunohistochemically from these patients. The samples were taken from the distal end of the IMA before the institution of CPB and just before the construction of the IMA-left anterior descending artery anastomosis.


RESULTS
After CPB, VEGF and endothelial nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity increased significantly when compared with baseline values in the endothelium (p = 0.0156, p = 0.0313) and adventitia (p = 0.0313, p = 0.0001), respectively. No significant change was observed in inducible nitric oxide synthase immunoreactivity.


CONCLUSIONS
The increase in eNOS expression may have been induced by the inflammation caused by CPB.
Toprak
Verda
V
Department of Anaesthesiology and Reanimation, School of Medicine, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey. verda.toprak@bayar.edu.tr
Sirin
B Hayrettin
BH
Tok
Demet
D
Ozbilgin
Kemal
K
Saribülbül
Osman
O
D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008323:Mammary Arteries / Q000737:chemistry*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II / Q000032:analysis*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000032:analysis*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000032:analysis*
D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D052247:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type II; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III