title: Comparative study on the efficacy of AmBisome and Fungizone in a mouse model of pulmonary aspergillosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the efficacy and tissue concentration of AmBisome and Fungizone in murine pulmonary aspergillosis, and to investigate the localization of AmBisome at the infection site.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mice were infected intratracheally with Aspergillus fumigatus. A single dose of each of the antifungals was administered intravenously 4 h after infection. The efficacy of the antifungal treatment was assessed by the pulmonary fungal burden at 20 h post-treatment and the survival time over 1 month. The pulmonary amphotericin B (AMB) concentration was measured until 48 h after administration. The distribution of AmBisome in the lung was evaluated using rhodamine-labelled AmBisome and an anti-AMB antibody.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AmBisome at a dose of > or =1 mg/kg significantly prolonged the survival time of infected mice compared with the control group. At the maximum tolerated dose, 10 mg/kg AmBisome exhibited greater efficacy than 1 mg/kg Fungizone in terms of increasing survival and reducing the fungal burden. The pulmonary AMB concentration of 10 mg/kg AmBisome was higher than that of 1 mg/kg Fungizone. Tissue distribution analysis showed that AmBisome was localized at the infection site in the lung, and this might explain the potent in vivo efficacy in this infection model.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  AmBisome is localized at the infection site in the lung and consequently may fully exhibit its in vivo activity. The efficacy of AmBisome is superior to that of Fungizone against pulmonary aspergillosis.
authors.affiliation: Discovery Research Laboratories II, Sumitomo Pharmaceuticals Research Division, Konohana-ku, Osaka, Japan. koji-takemoto@ds-pharma.co.jp
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Takemoto
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sumita
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Yoshihito
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Niki
mesh_terms: D000666:Amphotericin B / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001228:Aspergillosis / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality; D001232:Aspergillus fumigatus / Q000187:drug effects*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D008081:Liposomes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008168:Lung / Q000737:chemistry / Q000382:microbiology; D008172:Lung Diseases, Fungal / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000382:microbiology / Q000401:mortality; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D008081:Liposomes; C068538:liposomal amphotericin B; D000666:Amphotericin B