title: Alcohol and oxidative liver injury.
abstract: Acute and chronic ethanol treatment has been shown to increase the production of reactive oxygen species, lower cellular antioxidant levels, and enhance oxidative stress in many tissues, especially the liver. Ethanol-induced oxidative stress plays a major role in the mechanisms by which ethanol produces liver injury. Many pathways play a key role in how ethanol induces oxidative stress. This review summarizes some of the leading pathways and discusses the evidence for their contribution to alcohol-induced liver injury. Many of the seminal reports in this topic have been published in Hepatology , and it is fitting to review this research area for the 25th Anniversary Issue of the Journal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Biological Chemistry, Mount Sinai School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA.
authors.forename: Aparajita
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dey
authors.forename: Arthur I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Cederbaum
mesh_terms: D000447:Aldehydes / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000378:metabolism; D000431:Ethanol / Q000378:metabolism; D005609:Free Radicals / Q000378:metabolism; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000633:toxicity; D007728:Kupffer Cells / Q000187:drug effects; D008108:Liver Diseases, Alcoholic / Q000209:etiology*; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000378:metabolism; D008930:Mitochondria, Liver / Q000187:drug effects; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000502:physiology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000447:Aldehydes; D005609:Free Radicals; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C065424:1-hydroxyethyl radical; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000431:Ethanol; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D007501:Iron; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; D005978:Glutathione; C027576:4-hydroxy-2-nonenal