title: Clamp techniques in paediatrics: what have we learned?
abstract: The marked increase in conditions associated with insulin resistance in youth, including obesity, polycystic ovary syndrome, type 2 diabetes mellitus etc., has prompted the need to assess insulin sensitivity in this age group. Even though insulin resistance plays an important role in disorders of glucose metabolism and other pathological conditions, both insulin sensitivity and insulin secretion should be determined for a comprehensive evaluation of glucose homeostasis disorders. Insulin sensitivity and secretion are intricately coupled with a delicate feedback mechanism governing their relationship. This article will delineate our paediatric experience with the clamp technique, the hyperinsulinaemic-euglycaemic clamp in assessing in vivo insulin sensitivity, and the hyperglycaemic clamp in assessing insulin secretion.
authors.affiliation: Children's Hospital of Pittsburgh, Weight Management and Wellness Center, and Division of Pediatric Endocrinology, Metabolism and Diabetes Mellitus, Pittsburgh, PA 15213, USA. Silva.Arslanian@chp.edu
authors.forename: Silva A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Arslanian
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015309:Glucose Clamp Technique / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D008297:Male; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin