title: Nicotine psychopharmacology research contributions to United States and global tobacco regulation: a look back and a look forward.
abstract: Nicotine has a long and storied history in physiology and pharmacology. Historically, it has been used as a tool to explore the nervous system, studied for its role in tobacco use, and more recently examined for its diverse potential medicinal uses. Psychopharmacology research has been pivotal in the science foundation for nicotine and tobacco product regulation.
authors.affiliation: Pinney Associates, 3 Bethesda Metro Center, Suite 1400, Bethesda, MD 20814, USA. jhenning@pinneyassociates.com
authors.forename: Jack E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Henningfield
authors.forename: Mitch
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zeller
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology; D005544:Forecasting; D006291:Health Policy / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000639:trends*; D006801:Humans; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012106:Research / Q000639:trends*; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence* / Q000503:physiopathology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D019460:Tobacco Industry / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence / Q000639:trends; D014029:Tobacco Use Disorder / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D014481:United States; D014486:United States Food and Drug Administration
chemical_list: D009538:Nicotine