title: Expression of anti-apoptotic protein, Bcl-2, in liver regeneration after a partial hepatectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although Bcl-2 is well known to have anti-apoptotic activities in vitro and in vivo, the role of Bcl-2 relating to liver regeneration remains controversial. The aim of this study was to document the effect of Bcl-2 expression on liver regeneration in rats undergoing a partial hepatectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult male Wistar rats (n = 4/group) at 72 h before undergoing a 70% partial hepatectomy (PH) were administered 1 x 10(9) plaque-forming units of adenovirus vector encoding either human Bcl-2 (group 1) or LacZ (group 2) intravenously and were sacrificed at 0, 12 h, and at 1, 2, 3, 7, 14, and 21 days postoperatively. In group 3, normal saline was injected instead of adenovirus vector. Liver regeneration was monitored by measuring the restituted liver mass and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunostaining. The incidence of apoptosis in the liver was analyzed by the immunohistochemical detection of single-stranded DNA at 14 and 21 days postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The restituted liver mass showed significantly higher values in group 1 (26.1 +/- 7.2%) than in group 2 (14.7 +/- 6.8%) and 3 (13.6 +/- 5.0%) at 1 day after PH (P < 0.05). The PCNA labeling index was significantly higher in group 1 (47.2 +/- 9.9%) than in groups 2 (19.0 +/- 7.8%) and 3 (19.2 +/- 15.2%) at 1 day after a partial hepatectomy (P < 0.05). The hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) mRNA expression was significantly lower in group 1 than in group 2 at 12 h after PH (P < 0.05). The number of single-stranded DNA-positive cells decreased significantly more in group 1 (5.67 +/- 1.53 positive cells/10 fields per tissue) than those in group 2 (18.33 +/- 7.57 positive cells/10 fields per tissue) at 14 days after PH.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results thus indicated that an overexpression of anti-apoptotic protein Bcl-2 does not necessarily have an anti-apoptotic effect on liver regeneration but appears to have a pro-proliferative effect in the early phase of liver regeneration.
authors.affiliation: The First Department of Surgery, University of the Ryukyus, School of Medicine, Okinawa, Japan. takushi@ka3.so-net.jp
authors.forename: Yasukatsu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takushi
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shiraishi
authors.forename: Eiji
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nozato
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Toyoda
authors.forename: Tadashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nishimaki
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D022761:Gene Transfer, Horizontal; D006498:Hepatectomy; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008115:Liver Regeneration; D008297:Male; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor