title: Minimally invasive method of determining blood input function from PET images in rodents.
abstract: For cardiovascular research on rodents, small-animal PET has limitations because of the inherent spatial resolution of the system and because of cardiac motion. A factor analysis (FA) technique for extracting the blood input function and myocardial time-activity curve from dynamic small-animal PET images of the rodent heart has been implemented to overcome these limitations.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six Sprague-Dawley rats and 6 BALB/c mice underwent dynamic imaging with 18F-FDG (n = 6) and 1-11C-acetate (n = 6). From the dynamic images, blood input functions and myocardial time-activity curves were extracted by the FA method. The accuracy of input functions derived by the FA method was compared with that of input functions determined from serial blood samples, and the correlation coefficients were calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Factor images (right ventricle, left ventricle, and myocardium) were successfully extracted for both 18F-FDG and 1-11C-acetate in rats. The correlation coefficients for the input functions were 0.973 for 18F-FDG and 0.965 for 1-11C-acetate. In mice, the correlation coefficients for the input functions were 0.930 for 18F-FDG and 0.972 for 1-11C-acetate.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The FA method enables minimally invasive extraction of accurate input functions and myocardial time-activity curves from dynamic microPET images of rodents without the need to draw regions of interest and without the possible complications of surgery and repeated blood sampling.
authors.affiliation: Mallinckrodt Institute of Radiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri 63110, USA.
authors.forename: Joonyoung
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Herrero
authors.forename: Terry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sharp
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Laforest
authors.forename: Douglas J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Rowland
authors.forename: Yuan-Chuan
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Tai
authors.forename: Jason S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lewis
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Welch
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003198:Computer Simulation; D003326:Coronary Circulation / Q000502:physiology*; D003331:Coronary Vessels / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000502:physiology*; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000097:blood*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008955:Models, Cardiovascular; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000097:blood; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18