title: Nurses' recognition and registration of depression, anxiety and diabetes-specific emotional problems in outpatients with diabetes mellitus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to investigate how often emotional problems were recognized and registered by diabetes nurses.
  
  
  METHODS
  We studied medical charts and questionnaire data of 112 diabetes patients. The hospital anxiety, depression scale and the problem areas in diabetes survey were used to measure anxiety, depression and diabetes-specific emotional distress.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In patients with moderate to severe levels of anxiety or depression, the presence of an emotional problem was recorded in the medical chart in 20-25% of the cases. The registration-rate of diabetes-specific emotional distress was also found to be low, ranging from 0% (treatment-related problems) to 29% (diabetes-related emotional problems).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Registration-rates of emotional problems by diabetes nurses were found to be low, but quite similar to detection rates of physicians and nurses in studies with non-diabetic samples.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that recognition-rates of emotional problems in diabetes patients need to be increased. Future studies should investigate whether recognition and subsequent treatment of emotional problems in diabetes patients can be facilitated by utilizing validated, standardized self-report questionnaires.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Psychology, Institute for Research in Extramural Medicine (EMGO), Vrije Universiteit Medical Center, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands. f.pouwer@vumc.nl
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pouwer
authors.forename: Aartjan T F
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Beekman
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lubach
authors.forename: Frank J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Snoek
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000451:nursing* / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D009731:Nursing Audit; D009737:Nursing Records; D010045:Outpatients / Q000523:psychology*; D011581:Psychological Tests; D013315:Stress, Psychological / Q000175:diagnosis*