Clinical characteristics and prognostic factors of splenic abscess: a review of 67 cases in a single medical center of Taiwan.
OBJECTIVE
To analyze 67 cases of splenic abscess in a medical center of Taiwan during a period of 19 years.


METHODS
From January 1986 to December 2004, a total of 67 patients with splenic abscess were enrolled for the retrospective study. The clinical characteristics, underlying diseases, organism spectra, therapeutic methods, APACHE II scores, and mortality rates were analyzed.


RESULTS
There were 41 males and 26 females with the mean age of 54.1+/-14.1 years. Multiple splenic abscesses (MSA) account for 28.4% and solitary splenic abscess in 71.6% of the patients. Twenty-six of sixty-seven patients (35.8%) had extrasplenic abscesses, with leading site of liver (34.6%). Microbiological cultures were positive in 58 patients (86.6%), with 71.8% in blood culture and 93.5% in abscess culture. Gram negative bacillus (GNB) infection predominated (55.2%), with leading pathogen of Klebsiella pneumoniae (22.4%), followed by gram positive coccus (GPC) infection (31%). Splenectomy was performed in 26 patients (38.8%), percutaneous drainage or aspiration in 21 (31.3%), and antibiotic therapy alone in 20 patients (29.9%). Eventually, 12 of 67 patients expired (17.9 %). By statistics, spleen infected with GNB was likely to develop multiple abscesses compared with infection with GPC (P=0.036). Patients with GNB infection (P=0.009) and multiple abscesses (P=0.011) experienced a higher mortality rate than patients with GPC infection and solitary abscess. The mean APACHE II score of 12 expired patients (16.3+/-3.2) was significantly higher than that of the 55 survivals (7.2+/-3.8) (P<0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
MSA, GNB infection, and high APACHE II scores are poor prognostic factors. Early surgical intervention should be encouraged when these risk factors are present.
Chang
Kuo-Chin
KC
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chang Gung Memorial Hospital, Kaohsiung, 123, Ta-Pei Road, Niao-Sung Hsiang, Kaohsiung Hsien, 833, Taiwan, China.
Chuah
Seng-Kee
SK
Changchien
Chi-Sin
CS
Tsai
Tung-Lung
TL
Lu
Sheng-Nan
SN
Chiu
Yi-Chun
YC
Chen
Yaw-Sen
YS
Wang
Chih-Chi
CC
Lin
Jui-Wei
JW
Lee
Chuan-Mo
CM
Hu
Tsung-Hui
TH
D018784:Abdominal Abscess / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013158:Splenic Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013624:Taiwan