Intravitreal toxicity of garenoxacin.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the retinal toxicity of varying concentrations of intravitreally injected garenoxacin.


METHODS
Twenty eyes of 20 New Zealand albino rabbits were used for this study. The animals were anesthetized with ketamine (35-50 mg/kg) and xylazine (3-5 mg/kg). Garenoxacin was titrated using distilled water to the following concentrations: 4,000, 2,000, 1,000, 400, 200, and 100 microg/0.1 mL. Each concentration was injected intravitreally (0.1 mL) into three rabbit eyes. Three control eyes were injected with 0.1 mL of balanced saline solution. All animals were examined before and after injection by indirect ophthalmoscopy and slit-lamp biomicroscopy. Electroretinography was performed on all animals before intravitreal injection and 14 days after injection. The animals were examined by indirect ophthalmoscopy and slit-lamp biomicroscopy before they were killed; the eyes were enucleated and examined with light microscopy.


RESULTS
No electroretinographic changes or signs of retinal toxicity by slit-lamp examination, indirect ophthalmoscopy, or light microscopy were seen in any eyes 14 days after intravitreal injection of garenoxacin (< or =4,000 microg/0.1 mL).


CONCLUSIONS
Garenoxacin injected intravitreally appeared safe at concentrations of < or =4,000 microg/0.1 mL.
Department of Ophthalmology, Tulane University Health Sciences Center, 1430 Tulane Avenue SL-69, New Orleans, LA 70112-2699, USA.
Mohammad Riazi
MR
Esfahani
Abdul Ahad
AA
Kazi
Gholam A
GA
Peyman
John T
JT
Dellacroce
Erdinc
E
Aydin
D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004596:Electroretinography / Q000187:drug effects; D024841:Fluoroquinolones / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity*; D007267:Injections; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000633:toxicity; D009887:Ophthalmoscopy; D011817:Rabbits; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000187:drug effects*
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D024841:Fluoroquinolones; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; C419689:garenoxacin