Inactivation of SARS coronavirus by means of povidone-iodine, physical conditions and chemical reagents.
The efficacy of several povidone-iodine (PVP-I) products, a number of other chemical agents and various physical conditions were evaluated for their ability to inactivate the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV). Treatment of SARS-CoV with PVP-I products for 2 min reduced the virus infectivity from 1.17 x 10(6) TCID(50)/ml to below the detectable level. The efficacy of 70% ethanol was equivalent to that of PVP-I products. Fixation of SARS-CoV-infected Vero E6 cells with a fixative including formalin, glutaraldehyde, methanol and acetone for 5 min or longer eliminated all infectivity. Heating the virus at 56 degrees C for 60 min or longer reduced the infectivity of the virus from 2.6 x 10(7) to undetectable levels. Irradiation with ultraviolet light at 134 microW/cm(2) for 15 min reduced the infectivity from 3.8 x 10(7) to 180 TCID(50)/ml; however, prolonged irradiation (60 min) failed to eliminate the remaining virus, leaving 18.8 TCID(50)/ml.
Laboratory of Public Health, Graduate School of Veterinary Medicine, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-0818, Japan. kariwa@vetmed.hokudai.ac.jp
Hiroaki
H
Kariwa
Nobuhiro
N
Fujii
Ikuo
I
Takashima
D000096:Acetone / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005557:Formaldehyde / Q000494:pharmacology; D005976:Glutaral / Q000494:pharmacology; D006358:Hot Temperature; D007202:Indicators and Reagents / Q000494:pharmacology; D000432:Methanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D011206:Povidone-Iodine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D045473:Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000528:radiation effects*; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014709:Vero Cells; D038301:Virus Inactivation
D000891:Anti-Infective Agents, Local; D000998:Antiviral Agents; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D000096:Acetone; D005557:Formaldehyde; D000431:Ethanol; D011206:Povidone-Iodine; D005976:Glutaral; D000432:Methanol