[Vitiligo. Treatment of 12 cases with topical tacrolimus].
BACKGROUND
Vitiligo is a frequent dyschromia, characterized by achromic macules that reflect the absence of melanocytes. The cause of this selective destruction seems to be due to an autoimmune phenomenon. Tacrolimus is an immunomodulator produced by Streptomyces tsukubaensis, whose topical use has been approved for atopic dermatitis. It has been tested in other dermatoses where immunological phenomena are involved.


METHODS
During the period from September 1, 2003 to April 30, 2004, an open study was carried out on 12 cases of vitiligo treated with topical tacrolimus 0.1 % twice a day. The degree of repigmentation was analyzed using digital photography at the initial visit, and at three and six months. The response in each case was taken into consideration, as well as the response by treated area. Possible adverse effects during the treatment period were also noted.


RESULTS
50 % of the patients treated showed repigmentation with good (50 %-75 %) or excellent (> 75 %) improvement after 6 months. All of the patients with facial involvement achieved repigmentation of over 50 % in this location. Repigmentation in all cases took place homogeneously and centripetally, rather than in a perifollicular pattern. Repigmentation began before three months of treatment had elapsed in 10 patients, and after three months in the remaining two. We did not find any evidence of adverse effects except pruritus in the eyelid area in two patients during the first week of treatment.


CONCLUSIONS
We believe that tacrolimus 0.1 % applied topically for a minimum of six months may be a valid alternative in the treatment of vitiligo in the facial area, especially the eyelids, where other therapeutic modes are not recommended because of the possible side effects.
Almeida
Pablo
P
Servicio de Dermatología, Hospital Universitario Insular de Gran Canaria, Avda. Maritima del Sur s/n, 36016 Las Palmas, Spain. pablojalmeida@canariastelecom.es
Borrego
Leopoldo
L
Rodríguez-López
Julio
J
Luján
Dunia
D
Cameselle
Daniel
D
Hernández
Buenaventura
B
D000287:Administration, Topical; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014820:Vitiligo / Q000188:drug therapy*
D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016559:Tacrolimus