Down regulation of bisphenol A glucuronidation in carp during the winter pre-breeding season.
Environmental pollution by bisphenol A is prevalent in many rivers. The influence of bisphenol A on the reproductive organs of carp has been demonstrated to be serious, especially in the winter pre-breeding season. Although bisphenol A is detoxified as bisphenol A-glucuronide in carp organs, principally the intestine, the seasonal variation in the efficiency of the detoxification is not known. To estimate the seasonal risk of bisphenol A in carp, we investigated seasonal changes in microsomal UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity toward bisphenol A in male-carp. Seasonal elimination efficiency of bisphenol A was also examined by organ perfusion in everted intestine. No marked seasonal differences were observed in UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity toward 1-naphthol, but high activity toward sex steroid hormones (testosterone and estradiol) was observed in the winter pre-breeding season. Low UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity toward bisphenol A was indicated in winter. The addition of bisphenol A into the mucosal fluid of the everted intestine resulted in excretion of bisphenol A into the mucosal side of the intestine as the metabolite, bisphenol A-glucuronide. Excretion of bisphenol A-glucuronide from carp intestine was highest in summer (proximal intestine: 13.3 nmol; middle intestine: 8.3 nmol; distal intestine: 7.9 nmol) and lowest in winter (proximal intestine: 1.0 nmol; middle intestine: 1.0 nmol; distal intestine: 0.9 nmol). These results suggest that metabolism and excretion of bisphenol A in carp hepatopancreas and intestine are impaired by down regulation of UDP-glucuronosyltransferase activity in the winter pre-breeding season.
Daidoji
Tomo
T
Department of Veterinary Biochemistry, School of Veterinary Medicine, Rakuno Gakuen University, 582-1, Bunkyodai-Midorimachi, Ebetsui, 069-8501, Japan.
Kaino
Taeko
T
Iwano
Hidetomo
H
Inoue
Hiroki
H
Kurihara
Ryo
R
Hashimoto
Shinya
S
Yokota
Hiroshi
H
D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D002347:Carps / Q000378:metabolism*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000662:veterinary; D015536:Down-Regulation; D004958:Estradiol / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D020719:Glucuronides / Q000378:metabolism; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D043143:Hepatopancreas / Q000378:metabolism; D008658:Inactivation, Metabolic / Q000502:physiology*; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008861:Microsomes / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism; D009284:Naphthols / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D010636:Phenols / Q000032:analysis / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D012621:Seasons; D013739:Testosterone / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D004958:Estradiol; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal; D020719:Glucuronides; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase; D009284:Naphthols; D010636:Phenols; D013739:Testosterone; C029350:1-naphthol; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds