Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors and liver X receptors in atherosclerosis and immunity.
Atherosclerosis is a primary cause of death in the United States, and the current obesity epidemic threatens to exacerbate its morbidity and mortality worldwide. Despite important cardiovascular treatment advances over the past few decades, new approaches are needed to curb dangerous health trends. Nuclear receptors are a superfamily of ligand-activated transcription factors. The discovery of subfamilies known as peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors (PPAR) and liver X receptors (LXR) as lipid-sensors that regulate lipid and glucose metabolism as well as inflammation offers new targets for nutritional and pharmacologic treatment of cardiovascular disease.
Barish
Grant D
GD
Gene Expression Laboratory, The Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA. gbarish@salk.edu
D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D004032:Diet; D006801:Humans; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D047493:PPAR alpha / Q000502:physiology; D047494:PPAR delta / Q000502:physiology; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000502:physiology; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*
D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D000071518:Liver X Receptors; D057093:Orphan Nuclear Receptors; D047493:PPAR alpha; D047494:PPAR delta; D047495:PPAR gamma; D047492:Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear