Genotoxic effects of rotenone on cultured lymphocytes.
Rotenone is a heterocyclic compound widely used as an insecticide, acaricide and piscicide. Its toxicity is mainly caused by the inhibition of mitochondrial respiratory processes and ATP production, resulting in the generation of reactive oxygen species. Reactive oxygen species can interact with DNA, RNA and proteins, leading to cell damage, followed by death. We used the Comet assay, and we analyzed chromosome aberrations, in order to evaluate the genotoxic and clastogenic effects of rotenone on the different phases of the cell cycle. Cultured human lymphocytes were treated with 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0 microg/mL rotenone during the G1, G1/S, S (pulses of 1 and 6 h), and G2 phases of the cell cycle. Rotenone induced DNA damage and was clastogenic, but the clastogenicity was detected only with treatments conducted during the G1/S and S phases of the cell cycle. Rotenone also induced endoreduplication and polyploidy in treatments made during G1, while it significantly reduced the mitotic index in all phases of the cell cycle.
Laboratório de Citogenética Humana, Departamento de Biologia, Centro de Ciências Biológicas, Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto, Universidade do Pará, Belém, PA, Brasil.
Patrícia Danielle Lima
PD
de Lima
Elizabeth Sumi
ES
Yamada
Edmar Tavares
ET
da Costa
Claudia do O
Cdo O
Pessoa
Silvia Helena Barem
SH
Rabenhorst
Marcelo de Oliveira
Mde O
Bahia
Plínio Cerqueira
PC
Cardoso
Raquel Alves
RA
Santos
Marilia de Arruda Cardoso
Mde A
Smith
Rommel Rodríguez
RR
Burbano
D000328:Adult; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002869:Chromosome Aberrations / Q000139:chemically induced*; D020552:Comet Assay / Q000379:methods; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008940:Mitotic Index; D012402:Rotenone / Q000633:toxicity*
D007306:Insecticides; D012402:Rotenone