Hepatotoxicity of anti-inflammatory and analgesic drugs: ultrastructural aspects.
With the increasing incidence of drug-induced liver disease, attempts are being made to better understand the mechanisms behind these frequently life-endangering reactions. Analgesics and anti-inflammatory drugs are a major group exhibiting hepatotoxicity. We review research relating to these reactions, focusing on ultrastructural findings, which may contribute to the comprehension and possible avoidance of drug-induced liver disease. We also present some original observations on clinical material and cultured cells exposed to acetaminophen alone or in combination with the antioxidant N-acetylcysteine or the P-glycoprotein inhibitor verapamil.
Pediatric Research and Electron Microscopy Unit, Ruth and Baruch Rappaport Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa 31096, Israel.
Irena
I
Manov
Helen
H
Motanis
Idan
I
Frumin
Theodore C
TC
Iancu
D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000633:toxicity; D000111:Acetylcysteine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000633:toxicity; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000633:toxicity; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000633:toxicity; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000633:toxicity; D001241:Aspirin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000633:toxicity; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury; D062787:Drug Overdose; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014700:Verapamil / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000633:toxicity
D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D018712:Analgesics, Non-Narcotic; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D000975:Antioxidants; D000082:Acetaminophen; D014700:Verapamil; D001241:Aspirin; D000111:Acetylcysteine