Biotransformation of 1-naphthol by a strictly aquatic fungus.
The aquatic hyphomycete Heliscus lugdunensis belongs to a group of exclusively aquatic mitosporic fungi with an only scarcely explored potential to oxidatively attack xenobiotic compounds, and was used to study the biotransformation of the environmental pollutant metabolite 1-naphthol. H. lugdunensis metabolized approximately 74% of 1-naphthol within 5 days. The identification and quantification of degradation products using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and high performance liquid chromatography revealed that approximately 12% of the parent compound was converted into 1-naphthylsulfate, 3% was transformed into 1-methoxy-naphthalene, and less than 1% was converted into 1,4-naphthoquinone. A further metabolite, most likely 4-hydroxy-1-naphthylsulfate, was also detected. In contrast to sulfate conjugate metabolites, no glucuronide and glucoside conjugates of 1-naphthol were found, and neither UDP-glucuronyltransferase nor UDP-glucosyltransferase present in H. lugdunensis showed activity towards 1-naphthol. These results support a role of fungi adapted to aquatic environments in affecting the environmental fate of pollutants in aquatic ecosystems.
Augustin
Torsten
T
Department of Biochemistry/Biotechnology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Kurt-Mothes-Strasse 3, D-06120, Halle/Saale, Germany.
Schlosser
Dietmar
D
Baumbach
Renate
R
Schmidt
Jürgen
J
Grancharov
Konstantin
K
Krauss
Gudrun
G
Krauss
Gerd-Joachim
GJ
D001711:Biotransformation; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D006999:Hypocreales / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000032:analysis; D009284:Naphthols / Q000378:metabolism*; D009285:Naphthoquinones / Q000032:analysis; D013463:Sulfuric Acid Esters / Q000032:analysis; D014871:Water Microbiology
D009281:Naphthalenes; D009284:Naphthols; D009285:Naphthoquinones; D013463:Sulfuric Acid Esters; C029092:naphthyl sulfate; C029350:1-naphthol; C448759:1-methoxynaphthalene; D014453:Glucuronosyltransferase; C035342:1,4-naphthoquinone