Prolonged clinical remission of patients with severe pemphigus upon rapid removal of desmoglein-reactive autoantibodies by immunoadsorption.
BACKGROUND
In pemphigus, loss of epidermal adhesion is induced by binding of circulating autoantibodies to the desmosomal cadherins desmoglein 3 (Dsg3) in pemphigus vulgaris (PV) and desmoglein 1 (Dsg1) in pemphigus foliaceus (PF), respectively. Therapeutic removal of Dsg-reactive autoantibodies by immunoadsorption (IA) has been demonstrated to exert clinical remission of the disease.


OBJECTIVE
The aim of this intervention study was to evaluate the efficacy and safety of the peptide-based Globaffin adsorber system in the treatment of severe pemphigus cases.


METHODS
We applied IA in 4 PV and 2 PF patients with severe chronic disease resistant to conventional immunosuppressive therapy. IA was performed on 4 consecutive days, representing 1 treatment cycle, followed by a 4-week treatment-free interval. Serum samples for determining serum IgG and anti-Dsg1/Dsg3 IgG autoantibodies were drawn daily before and after IA, respectively. During follow-up, patients were examined carefully, and laboratory parameters were controlled monthly for up to 1 year.


RESULTS
IA led to excellent clinical responses. Skin and mucosal lesions cleared almost completely within weeks. One IA cycle reduced anti-Dsg1 and anti-Dsg3 autoantibodies by an average of 50-70% as determined by ELISA.


CONCLUSIONS
Using the Globaffin adsorber system, IA represents an effective and safe treatment opportunity in severe and therapy-resistant pemphigus.
Eming
Rüdiger
R
Department of Dermatology, University Hospital of Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany.
Rech
Jürgen
J
Barth
Sandra
S
Kalden
Joachim R
JR
Schuler
Gerold
G
Harrer
Thomas
T
Hertl
Michael
M
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D051183:Desmoglein 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D051184:Desmoglein 3 / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology*; D007163:Immunosorbent Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010392:Pemphigus / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D012074:Remission Induction / Q000379:methods; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000888:Antibodies, Anti-Idiotypic; D051183:Desmoglein 1; D051184:Desmoglein 3; D007074:Immunoglobulin G