Driver contrast sensitivity and reaction times as measured through a salt-covered windshield.
BACKGROUND
The objective of this study was to use contrast sensitivity measurements to determine the effect of windshield salt film on driver vision. This effect simulates road salt spray that dries in place on a vehicle windshield during winter driving conditions.


METHODS
Ten emmetropic subjects were tested to assess contrast sensitivity functions through windshields that were clear compared with the same stimuli as viewed through windshields coated with salt film. Achromatic stimuli were generated by a VisionWorks system and were presented at 4 spatial frequencies (0.5, 3, 10, and 20 cycles per degree).


RESULTS
A significant reduction in contrast sensitivity through the salt film was found at all spatial frequencies. In addition, reaction time to detect the stimuli was also found to be increased significantly at 2 of the 4 spatial frequencies through the saline-covered windshield.


CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study indicate that windshield salt film reduces the ability to detect high and low contrast objects in a simulated driving environment as well as increases the subjects' reaction times.
College of Optometry, University of Missouri-St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri 63121, USA. garyb@umsl.edu
W Gary
WG
Bachman
Timothy A
TA
Wingert
Carl J
CJ
Bassi
D000328:Adult; D001334:Automobile Driving; D001336:Automobiles; D015350:Contrast Sensitivity / Q000502:physiology*; D004867:Equipment Design; D019466:Glare / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005898:Glass; D006801:Humans; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology*; D012621:Seasons; D012965:Sodium Chloride
D012965:Sodium Chloride