Sentinel node biopsy before neoadjuvant chemotherapy spares breast cancer patients axillary lymph node dissection.
BACKGROUND
Neoadjuvant chemotherapy in breast cancer patients is a valuable method to determine the efficacy of chemotherapy and potentially downsize the primary tumor, which facilitates breast-conserving therapy. In 18 studies published about sentinel node biopsy after neoadjuvant chemotherapy, the sentinel node was identified in on average 89%, and the false-negative rate was on average 10%. Because of these mediocre results, no author dares to omit axillary clearance just yet. In our institute, sentinel lymph node biopsy is performed before neoadjuvant chemotherapy. The aim of this study was to evaluate our experience with this approach.


METHODS
Sentinel node biopsy was performed before neoadjuvant chemotherapy in 25 T2N0 patients by using lymphoscintigraphy, a gamma ray detection probe, and patent blue dye. Axillary lymph node dissection was performed after chemotherapy if the sentinel node contained metastases.


RESULTS
Ten patients had a tumor-positive axillary sentinel node, and one patient had an involved lateral intramammary node. Four patients had additional involved nodes in the completion lymph node dissection specimen. The other 14 patients (56%) had a tumor-negative sentinel node and did not undergo axillary lymph node dissection. No recurrences have been observed after a median follow-up of 18 months.


CONCLUSIONS
Fourteen (56%) of the 25 patients were spared axillary lymph node dissection when the sentinel node was found to be disease free. Performing sentinel node biopsy before neoadjuvant chemotherapy seems successful and reliable in patients with T2N0 breast cancer.
Department of Surgery, The Netherlands Cancer Institute, Plesmanlaan 121, Amsterdam, CX, 1066, The Netherlands. m.v.rijk@nki.nl
Maartje C
MC
van Rijk
Omgo E
OE
Nieweg
Emiel J T
EJ
Rutgers
Hester S A
HS
Oldenburg
Renato Valdés
RV
Olmos
Cornelis A
CA
Hoefnagel
Bin B R
BB
Kroon
D000328:Adult; D001365:Axilla / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008875:Middle Aged; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy; D013997:Time Factors