The protease-activated receptor2 (PAR2)-prostaglandin E2-prostanoid EP receptor axis: a potential bronchoprotective unit in the respiratory tract?
Protease-activated receptor2 (PAR2) is a subtype of G protein-coupled receptor that is widely expressed within the respiratory tract. Stimulation of PAR2 by proteases such as trypsin and tryptase, or by small peptidic activators induces a complex array of effects within the airways. One such PAR2-mediated effect by basal airway epithelial cells is the generation of prostaglandin E2. Prostaglandin E2 produces a raft of anti-inflammatory effects within the airways, principally through the activation of the prostanoid EP2 and EP3 receptor subtypes. This article reviews the PAR2-prostaglandin E2-prostanoid EP receptor axis and discusses approaches through which its activation may provide beneficial effects in respiratory disease.
School of Medicine and Pharmacology, University of Western Australia, Stirling Highway, Nedlands, Western Australia, 6009, Australia. phenry@receptor.pharm.uwa.edu.au
Peter J
PJ
Henry
D000818:Animals; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D006801:Humans; D008024:Ligands; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control; D044464:Receptor, PAR-2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D018078:Receptors, Prostaglandin E / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D058306:Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP1 Subtype; D058307:Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype; D058308:Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP3 Subtype; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D012137:Respiratory System / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D008024:Ligands; C545635:PTGER1 protein, human; C545644:PTGER2 protein, human; C545647:PTGER3 protein, human; D044464:Receptor, PAR-2; D018078:Receptors, Prostaglandin E; D058306:Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP1 Subtype; D058307:Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP2 Subtype; D058308:Receptors, Prostaglandin E, EP3 Subtype; D015232:Dinoprostone