Playing with bone and fat.
The relationship between bone and fat formation within the bone marrow microenvironment is complex and remains an area of active investigation. Classical in vitro and in vivo studies strongly support an inverse relationship between the commitment of bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stem cells or stromal cells to the adipocyte and osteoblast lineage pathways. In this review, we focus on the recent literature exploring the mechanisms underlying these differentiation events and discuss their implications relevant to osteoporosis and regenerative medicine.
Gimble
Jeffrey M
JM
Stem Cell Laboratory, Pennington Biomedical Research Center, Louisiana State University System, Baton Rouge, 70808, USA. gimblejm@pbrc.edu
Zvonic
Sanjin
S
Floyd
Z Elizabeth
ZE
Kassem
Moustapha
M
Nuttall
Mark E
ME
D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000503:physiopathology; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002648:Child; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D006410:Hematopoiesis / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D009765:Obesity / Q000378:metabolism; D010012:Osteogenesis / Q000502:physiology; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D011987:Receptors, Steroid / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D011987:Receptors, Steroid; D002784:Cholesterol