Protection of amyloid beta protein (25-35)-induced neurotoxicity by methanol extract of Smilacis chinae rhizome in cultured rat cortical neurons.
Smilax has various pharmacological effects including antiinflammatory, anticancer and antioxidant activity. The present study aims to investigate the effect of the methanol extract of Smilacis chinae rhizome (SCR) from Smilax china L. (Liliaceae) on amyloid beta protein (Abeta) (25-35), a synthetic 25-35 amyloid peptide, -induced neurotoxicity in cultured rat cerebral cortical neurons. Abeta (25-35) (10 microM) produced a reduction of cell viability, which was significantly reduced by (5R,10S)-(+)-5-methyl-10,11-dihydro-5H-dibenzo[a,d]cyclohepten-5,10-imine (MK-801), an N-methyl-D-aspartate (NMDA) receptor antagonist, verapamil, an L-type Ca2+ channel blocker, and NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME), a nitric oxide synthase inhibitor. SCR, over a concentration range of 10-50 microg/ml, inhibited 10 microM Abeta (25-35)-induced neuronal cell death, which was measured by a 3-[4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl]-2,5-diphenyl-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay and Hoechst 33342 staining. SCR (50 microg/ml) inhibited 10 microM Abeta (25-35)-induced elevation of cytosolic calcium concentration ([Ca2+]c), which was measured by a fluorescent dye, Fluo-4 AM. Pretreatment of SCR (10 and 50 microg/ml) also inhibited glutamate release into medium induced by 10 microM Abeta (25-35), which was measured by HPLC, generation of reactive oxygen species and activation of caspase-3. These results suggest that SCR prevents Abeta (25-35)-induced neuronal cell damage in vitro.
Ban
Ju Yeon
JY
College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Herbal Medicine, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju, Chungbuk 361-763, South Korea.
Cho
Soon Ock
SO
Koh
Sang Bum
SB
Song
Kyung-Sik
KS
Bae
KiWhan
K
Seong
Yeon Hee
YH
D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D053148:Caspase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004622:Embryo, Mammalian; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D000432:Methanol; D009474:Neurons / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000633:toxicity*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D027343:Rhizome; D032281:Smilax; D012997:Solvents
D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012997:Solvents; C074636:amyloid beta-protein (25-35); D018698:Glutamic Acid; D053148:Caspase 3; D002118:Calcium; D000432:Methanol