Monitoring of lung edema by microwave reflectometry during lung ischemia-reperfusion injury in vivo.
It is still unclear whether lung edema can be monitored by microwave reflectometry and whether the measured changes in lung dry matter content (DMC) are accompanied by changes in PaO2 and in pro- to anti-inflammatory cytokine expression (IFN-gamma and IL-10). Right rat lung hili were cross-clamped at 37 degrees C for 0, 60, 90 or 120 min ischemia followed by 120 min reperfusion. After 90 min (DMC: 15.9 +/- 1.4%; PaO2: 76.7 +/- 18 mm Hg) and 120 min ischemia (DMC: 12.8 +/- 0.6%; PaO2: 43 +/- 7 mm Hg), a significant decrease in DMC and PaO2 throughout reperfusion compared to 0 min ischemia (DMC: 19.5 +/- 1.11%; PaO2: 247 +/- 33 mm Hg; p < 0.05) was observed. DMC and PaO2 decreased after 60 min ischemia but recovered during reperfusion (DMC: 18.5 +/- 2.4%; PaO2: 173 +/- 30 mm Hg). DMC values reflected changes on the physiological and molecular level. In conclusion, lung edema monitoring by microwave reflectometry might become a tool for the thoracic surgeon.
Nowak
Kai
K
Department of Surgery, Clinical Medical Faculty Mannheim, University of Heidelberg, Mannheim, Germany. kai.nowak@chir.ma.uni-heidelberg.de
Schaefer
Michael
M
Gross
Wolfgang
W
Metzger
Roman Patrick
RP
Hohenberger
Peter
P
Post
Stefan
S
Gebhard
Martha Maria
MM
D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D008168:Lung / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008872:Microwaves; D010994:Pleura / Q000473:pathology; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011859:Radiography; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D013908:Thoracotomy