Candida sp. isolated from bronchoalveolar lavage: clinical significance in critically ill trauma patients.
OBJECTIVE
Based on limited data, Candida sp. isolates from bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) cultures in immunocompetent patients are thought to be contaminants rather than pathogens. The objective of this study was to determine the clinical significance of Candida sp. isolated from BAL cultures in critically ill trauma patients.


METHODS
Retrospective study in a level 1 trauma intensive care unit.


METHODS
All patients with Candida sp. isolated from BAL cultures over a 3-year period; 85 Candida positive BAL cultures from 62 patients were studied.


RESULTS
The primary outcomes were the incidence of Candida sp. in BAL, antifungal use, course of the possible infection, and mortality. Of 1077 BAL cultures 85 (8%) grew Candida sp., representing 64 episodes of possible Candida sp. ventilator-associated pneumonia. No colony counts exceeded the diagnostic threshold for bacterial VAP (>or=10(5) cfu/ml). Only 2 of 64 episodes (3%) were treated with systemic antifungals. Three other episodes (5%) were treated because of concomitant therapy for Candida sp. at other sites. The majority of episodes were not treated with antifungals and were considered contaminants (59/64, 92%). No patients developed subsequent candidemia, and most follow-up BALs (74%) were negative for Candida sp. Overall mortality (17%) was similar to previous patients with similar severity of injury at the study center (18%).


CONCLUSIONS
The results of this study suggest that isolation of Candida sp. from BAL in quantities below the diagnostic threshold for VAP in this population does not require antifungal therapy.
College of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacy, University of Tennessee Health Science Center, 26 South Dunlap, Memphis, Tennessee 38163, USA. cwood@utmem.edu
G Christopher
GC
Wood
Eric W
EW
Mueller
Martin A
MA
Croce
Bradley A
BA
Boucher
Timothy C
TC
Fabian
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000382:microbiology*; D002175:Candida / Q000254:growth & development / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D003422:Critical Care; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D053717:Pneumonia, Ventilator-Associated / Q000382:microbiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013714:Tennessee; D014193:Trauma Centers; D015599:Trauma Severity Indices; D014947:Wounds and Injuries / Q000382:microbiology*