Cardiac morbidity and mortality after surgery for gastrointestinal carcinomas.
The number of Americans undergoing surgery for gastrointestinal (GI) cancer is increasing, as is the prevalence of cardiovascular disease. Clinical risk factors have been found to be useful in predicting cardiac events after vascular procedures. Their utility for predicting cardiac events after GI carcinoma surgery is unclear. We performed a retrospective review in order to determine whether clinical risk factors are useful in predicting cardiac events in patients undergoing GI carcinoma surgery and to ascertain the incidence of postoperative cardiac events. From 1998 to 2003, 333 patients were identified, with an average age of 56 years. One hundred one (30.3%) patients had one or more clinical risk factors. The overall cardiac event rate was 3.9 per cent. Age > 70 years was the only risk factor associated with a cardiac event. There was a trend toward increased cardiac risk with increasing number of risk factors. In the absence of clinical risk factors, cardiac events after surgery for GI carcinoma are low. There is an increased cardiac risk in patients > 70 years and a trend toward increased cardiac events as the number of clinical risk factors increases.
Department of Surgery, Harbor-UCLA Medical Center, 1000 W. Carson St., Torrance, CA 90509, USA.
Matthew
M
Lin
Jason
J
Haukoos
Amir
A
Tahernia
Christian
C
de Virgilio
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D013505:Digestive System Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality*; D005260:Female; D005770:Gastrointestinal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors