Exposure to hypoxia results in uneven pulmonary blood flow distribution prior to pulmonary edema.
The effects of hypoxia on pulmonary arterial pressure (PAP) and on development of pulmonary edema, ascertained by changes in lung water and pulmonary vascular permeability were studied in rats using bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL). Rats were exposed to hypobaric hypoxia (P(B) = 290 Torr) for 24 h followed by 4 h of normobaric hypoxia (F(IO)2 0.07) (Hx). Controls were rats maintained in a normoxia (Nx). Mean PAP was 28.3 +/- 0.8 mmHg in Hx, and 18.8 +/- 1.7 mmHg in Nx (mean +/- SD). The wet-to-dry lung weight ratio was significantly higher in Hx. The ratio of fluorescence activity between BAL fluid and plasma 4 h after i.v. injection of FITC-albumin was higher in Hx, suggesting an increased pulmonary microvascular permeability in Hx. In a separate study, pulmonary blood flow distribution, measured after 10 min of hypoxia (F(IO)2 0.07) using non-radioactive microspheres, was significantly more heterogeneous than Nx, suggesting a non-homogeneous hypoxic pulmonary vasoconstriction. The combined data of both studies suggest that hypoxia induces heterogeneous pulmonary blood flow distribution which is followed by increased vascular permeability and the development of pulmonary edema.
Department of Medicine, Tokai University School of Medicine, 143 Shimokasuya, Isehara, Kanagawa 259-1193, Japan. urantets@is.icc.u-tokai.ac.jp
Tetsuya
T
Urano
Ichiro
I
Kuwahira
Tokuzen
T
Iwamoto
Uguri
U
Kamiya
Yasuyo
Y
Ohta
John G
JG
Wood
Norberto C
NC
Gonzalez
D000531:Altitude; D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D001992:Bronchoalveolar Lavage Fluid / Q000166:cytology; D000860:Hypoxia / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008168:Lung / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D009195:Peroxidase / Q000378:metabolism; D011651:Pulmonary Artery / Q000503:physiopathology; D011652:Pulmonary Circulation; D011654:Pulmonary Edema / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
D009195:Peroxidase