Radio-guided surgery for persistent differentiated papillary thyroid cancer: case presentations and review of the literature.
OBJECTIVE
Persistent differentiated papillary thyroid cancer following radical locoregional surgery with metastases is an indication for limited reoperation or radioiodine therapy. Following injection of radioiodine, radio-guided surgery with application of an intraoperative gamma probe offers detection of metastases not seen by conventional imaging and control of completeness of resection.


METHODS
We demonstrate four patients with locoregional metastases, two of them with additional distant metastases of papillary thyroid cancer following radical neck surgery. Postoperative radioiodine scans demonstrated persistent ipsilateral or contralateral cervical and mediastinal lymph node and isolated rib metastases.


RESULTS
Radio-guided surgery (RGS) leads to complete clearance of persistent lymph node metastases by limited recurrent neck surgery, resection of metastases not seen by conventional imaging and control of complete mediastinal lymph node dissection. Post-RGS scans allowed early diagnosis of occult diffuse or nodal pulmonary metastases in two patients. At last follow-up, 23 to 48 months following RGS and radioiodine therapy, there was no evidence of disease.


CONCLUSIONS
Radio-guided surgery is an additive surgical technique with low morbidity in selected patients with persistent thyroid cancer individualizing tumor therapy options in multimode oncological therapy.
Department of Surgery, Interdisciplinary Center for Thyroid Diseases, Klinikum rechts der Isar, University of Polytechnique, Ismaninger Strasse 22, 81675, Munich, Germany.
T
T
Negele
G
G
Meisetschläger
T
T
Brückner
K
K
Scheidhauer
M
M
Schwaiger
H
H
Vogelsang
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D015902:Gamma Cameras; D006801:Humans; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D013965:Thyroidectomy / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes