Treatment and one-year outcome of patients with renal dysfunction across the broad spectrum of acute coronary syndromes.
BACKGROUND
There are limited data on the treatment and long-term outcome of patients with renal dysfunction across the broad spectrum of acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in Canada.


OBJECTIVE
To examine the treatment patterns and outcome of ACS patients with renal dysfunction.


METHODS
In the prospective, multicentre, Canadian ACS Registry, 3510 patients hospitalized for ACS (including unstable angina, ST and non-ST elevation myocardial infarction) were categorized into four groups: normal renal function (creatinine clearance [CrCl] 90 mL/min or greater; n=1152), mild renal dysfunction (CrCl 60 mL/min to 89 mL/min; n=1253), moderate renal dysfunction (CrCl 30 mL/min to 59 mL/min; n=944) and severe renal dysfunction (CrCl less than 30 mL/min; n=161). Multivariable logistic regression analysis was performed to examine the independent prognostic value of renal dysfunction, and the association of various therapies with one-year survival.


RESULTS
All-cause mortality at one year was 2.8%, 6.4%, 14.5% and 40.9% in patients with normal renal function, and mild, moderate and severe renal dysfunction, respectively (P for trend<0.001). After adjusting for other prognosticators, moderate (OR 1.82, 95% CI 1.08 to 3.08) and severe (OR 6.29, 95% CI 3.37 to 11.77) renal dysfunction remained independent predictors of one-year death. Patients with renal dysfunction were less likely to receive fibrinolytic therapy, to undergo coronary angiography and revascularization in hospital, and to be treated with acetylsalicylic acid, beta-blockers and lipid-lowering therapy at discharge and at one-year follow-up. The association of in-hospital revascularization, and discharge use of acetylsalicylic acid and beta-blockers with better one-year survival was similar among patients with normal and impaired renal function.


CONCLUSIONS
Renal dysfunction is prevalent and independently predicts higher mortality in patients with ACS. The current underutilization of effective therapies may contribute to the poor outcome. There remains an important opportunity to improve care in this high-risk population.
Yan
Andrew T
AT
Canadian Heart Research Centre, and Terrence Donnelly Heart Centre, Division of Cardiology, St Michael's Hospital, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada.
Yan
Raymond T
RT
Tan
Mary
M
Constance
Christian
C
Lauzon
Claude
C
Zaltzman
Jeffrey
J
Wald
Ron
R
Fitchett
David
D
Langer
Anatoly
A
Goodman
Shaun G
SG
D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D051437:Renal Insufficiency / Q000150:complications* / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy; D015996:Survival Rate