[Essential blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm: characteristic of the patient, botulinum toxin A treatment and literature review].
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the characteristics of the essential blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm patients and the feasible treatment with botulinum toxin A.


METHODS
Thirty-four essential blepharospasm or hemifacial spasm patients were evaluated according to gender, ocular complaint, time of disease, treatment outcome and complications.


RESULTS
Age median was 63 years and the mean was 61 years, with no difference regarding sex; 66.66% of the patients had hemifacial spasm and 33.33%, essential blepharospasm. Many patients complained of dry eye associated with involuntary spasm. Botulinum toxin A showed a positive outcome in 91.30% of the treated patients and complications observed after treatment were eyelid ptosis (8.33%) and buccal angle deviation (8.33%).


CONCLUSIONS
Essential blepharospasm and hemifacial spasm occurred in the elderly, of both sexes. Treatment with botulinum toxin A was useful, with very low complication rates.
Schellini
Silvana Artioli
SA
Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Universidade Estadual Paulista Julio Mesquita Filho, Botucatu, SP, Brazil. sartioli@fmb.unesp.br
Matai
Olívia
O
Igami
Thais Zamudio
TZ
Padovani
Carlos Roberto
CR
Padovani
Carlos Pereira
CP
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001764:Blepharospasm / Q000188:drug therapy*; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D019569:Hemifacial Spasm / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009465:Neuromuscular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D009465:Neuromuscular Agents; D019274:Botulinum Toxins, Type A