Relation of alcohol use and smoking to glucose tolerance status in Japanese men.
To investigate the relation of alcohol use and cigarette smoking to glucose tolerance status, we performed a cross-sectional study of 3038 male officials aged 46-59 years in the Self-Defense Forces. Glucose tolerance status was determined by a 75-g oral glucose tolerance test. A self-administered questionnaire was used to ascertain alcohol use, smoking habits, and other lifestyle characteristics. Statistical adjustment was made for parental history of diabetes, body mass index, and leisure-time physical activity. Alcohol use was positively associated with impaired fasting glucose, impaired glucose tolerance, and type 2 diabetes mellitus each. The association was dose-dependent, with odds of each category of glucose intolerance increased even among those with moderate alcohol use. Cigarette smoking was not related to any categories of glucose intolerance. Alcohol use may confer increased risks not only of type 2 diabetes mellitus but also of preceding glucose intolerance status. Smoking does not seem to deteriorate glucose tolerance.
Department of Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan. ysakai@phealth.med.kyushu-u.ac.jp
Yutaka
Y
Sakai
Taiki
T
Yamaji
Shinji
S
Tabata
Shinsaku
S
Ogawa
Keizo
K
Yamaguchi
Masamichi
M
Mineshita
Tetsuya
T
Mizoue
Suminori
S
Kono
D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D044466:Asian People; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology*