Vaccination with a gE-negative bovine herpesvirus type 1 vaccine confers insufficient protection to a bovine herpesvirus type 5 challenge.
In the present study, cross-protection to bovine herpesvirus type 5 (BHV-5) induced by bovine herpesvirus type 1 (BHV-1) vaccination was examined following inoculation of rabbits and calves with a glycoprotein E (gE)-negative BHV-1 vaccine and subsequent challenge with BHV-5. Rabbits (n=5) and calves (n=8) were vaccinated [five rabbits intranasally (IN), four calves IN and four intramuscularly (IM)] with 7.1 log(10)median tissue culture infective dose (TCID(50)) of the BHV-1 vaccine. Rabbits and calves were challenged IN [rabbits 2 weeks post-vaccination (pv); calves 5 weeks pv] with 9.1log(10)TCID(50) of BHV-5. Two out of five vaccinated rabbits died after challenge with typical BHV-5 disease, as did 3/5 non-vaccinated controls. In calves, 4/8 vaccinated animals displayed mild signs of disease, whereas 6/6 non-vaccinated controls developed signs of disease, so severe that 2/6 had to be killed. Besides, nasal virus shedding post-challenge was not reduced by vaccination. At necropsy, on day 21 post-challenge, typical BHV-5 lesions were evident in brain tissues of both vaccinated and non-vaccinated calves. Dexametasone administration at 180 days post-infection did not reactivate clinical signs despite BHV-5 shedding in nasal secretions of both vaccinated and non-vaccinated calves. These results show that the BHV-1 vaccine evaluated here did not confer protection to BHV-5 in rabbits. In calves, BHV-1 vaccination did confer some protection to BHV-5 induced clinical disease, but it did not prevent infection and had no effect on nasal virus shedding or on the development of encephalitic lesions.
Equipe de Virologia, FEPAGRO Saúde Animal-Instituto de Pesquisas Veterinárias Desidério Finamor (CPVDF), Estrada do Conde 6000, Eldorado do Sul, RS, Brazil. alemedvet@yahoo.com.br
Alessandra D
AD
Silva
Fernando R
FR
Spilki
Ana Cláudia
AC
Franco
Paulo A
PA
Esteves
Silvia O
SO
Hübner
David
D
Driemeier
Anna Paula
AP
Oliveira
Frans
F
Rijsewijk
Paulo M
PM
Roehe
D000281:Administration, Intranasal; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D001921:Brain / Q000473:pathology; D002417:Cattle; D002418:Cattle Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D003429:Cross Reactions; D003907:Dexamethasone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D018792:Encephalitis, Viral / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary; D006566:Herpesviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D007242:Herpesvirus 1, Bovine / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D025881:Herpesvirus 5, Bovine / Q000276:immunology*; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D008590:Meningoencephalitis / Q000276:immunology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D009666:Nose / Q000821:virology; D011817:Rabbits; D012008:Recurrence; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D014764:Viral Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D017201:Virus Shedding
D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; D014764:Viral Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines; C046998:bovine herpesvirus type-1 glycoproteins; D003907:Dexamethasone