Glial cell number and neuron/glial cell ratios in postmortem brains of bipolar individuals.
BACKGROUND
There are several lines of evidence implicating a glial abnormality in the pathophysiology of bipolar disorder. Previous studies have reported a wide range of abnormalities but with little consistency between their findings.


METHODS
Sixty frozen postmortem temporal cortical brain samples from normal, schizophrenic, bipolar, and depressed subjects were obtained from the Stanley Neuropathology Consortium. Nissl stain was utilized to visualize cellular structures. The sections were analyzed for neuron and glial content using the computer programs SPOT Advanced and Metamorph. Three representative fields from each subject were counted and the average numbers obtained.


RESULTS
There was no critical difference in glia number across the four diagnostic groups. Compared with normal controls, area occupied by glia was reduced in bipolar subjects (P = 0.018), and the ratio of glial area to neuronal area was reduced (P = 0.028).


CONCLUSIONS
The percent glial space was substantially lower in bipolar disorder subjects compared to normal controls, suggesting that the glia may be smaller in bipolar subjects. The size reduction may be reflective of glial dysfunction.


CONCLUSIONS
Postmortem interval of 29.4 +/- S.D. 13.4 h may have affected cellular structure and reduced the quality of the staining.
Mood Disorders Research Program, Department of Psychiatry, University of Louisville School of Medicine, Louisville, Kentucky 40202, USA.
Rebecca A
RA
Brauch
M
M
Adnan El-Masri
Joseph C
JC
Parker
Rif S
RS
El-Mallakh
D001714:Bipolar Disorder / Q000473:pathology*; D002452:Cell Count; D048429:Cell Size; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008432:Mathematical Computing; D009457:Neuroglia / Q000473:pathology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000473:pathology*; D012016:Reference Values; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000473:pathology; D012984:Software