Effect of an antioxidizing agent on the shear bond strength of brackets bonded to bleached human enamel.
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of antioxidant treatment and delayed bonding on the shear bond strength of metal brackets bonded with composite resin to human enamel after bleaching with carbamide peroxide (CP).


METHODS
Eighty recently extracted premolars were divided into an experimental group (n = 60), which was bleached with 10% CP, and a control group (n = 20), which was not bleached. The experimental group was further divided into 3 groups. Specimens in group 1 (n = 20) were bonded immediately after bleaching; specimens in group 2 (n = 20) were bleached, then treated with 10% sodium ascorbate, an antioxidant agent, and then bonded; group 3 specimens (n = 20) were bleached, then immersed in artificial saliva and held for 1 week before bonding. The specimens were debonded, and the enamel surfaces and bracket bases were examined with a stereomicroscope. The adhesive remnant index was used to assess the amount of resin left on the enamel surfaces after debonding. The shear bond strength data were subjected to 1-way analysis of variance. Multiple comparisons were performed with the Bonferroni test. The level of significance was established at P < .05 for all statistical tests.


RESULTS
Shear bond strength of brackets bonded immediately after bleaching with 10% CP was significantly lower than that of brackets bonded to unbleached enamel (P < .05). No statistically significant differences in shear bond strength were noted when the antioxidant-treated and delayed bonding groups were compared with the control group (P > .05).


CONCLUSIONS
Bleaching with 10% CP immediately before bonding reduces the bond strength of composite resin to enamel. Treating the bleached enamel surface with 10% sodium ascorbate or waiting 1 week reverses the reduction.
Bulut
Hakan
H
Department of Orthodontics, Faculty of Dentistry, Ege University, Izmir, Turkey. thbulut@yahoo.com
Turkun
Murat
M
Kaya
Aysegul Demirbas
AD
D000269:Adhesives; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001205:Ascorbic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D001641:Bicuspid; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D003722:Dental Alloys; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D004338:Drug Combinations; D006801:Humans; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D016877:Oxidants; D010545:Peroxides; D019279:Resin Cements; D033081:Shear Strength; D013193:Stainless Steel; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013997:Time Factors; D014073:Tooth Bleaching; D014508:Urea / Q000031:analogs & derivatives
D000269:Adhesives; D000975:Antioxidants; D003722:Dental Alloys; D004338:Drug Combinations; D016877:Oxidants; D010545:Peroxides; D019279:Resin Cements; D013193:Stainless Steel; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D017438:Bisphenol A-Glycidyl Methacrylate; D014508:Urea; D001205:Ascorbic Acid