Metabolomic differentiation of deer antlers of various origins by 1H NMR spectrometry and principal components analysis.
The metabolomic analysis of various types of deer antler was performed by 1H NMR spectrometry and principal components analysis (PCA). The PCA of the 1H NMR spectra of the aqueous fractions allowed a clear discrimination between antler samples according to their origins by the first three principal components (PC1, PC2, and PC3), which cumulatively accounted for 93.5% of the variation in all variables. In particular, the score plots by the combination of PC1 and PC3 allowed an excellent separation of the antler samples. In addition, the major peaks in 1H NMR spectra contributing to the discrimination were assigned to lactate, alanine, acetic acid, choline, glycine, valine, tyrosine, and phenylalanine. This metabolomic-analysis-based method allows various types of deer antler to be efficiently differentiated without any pre-purification steps.
Choi
Hyung-Kyoon
HK
College of Pharmacy, Chung-Ang University, Seoul 156-756, South Korea. hykychoi@cau.ac.kr
Kim
Kyoung-Hee
KH
Kim
Kyoung Heon
KH
Kim
Young-Suk
YS
Lee
Min-Won
MW
Whang
Wan Kyun
WK
D000818:Animals; D000999:Antlers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D003670:Deer; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D011522:Protons
D011522:Protons