Comparison of bond strength between orthodontic brackets bonded with halogen and plasma arc curing lights: an in-vitro and in-vivo study.
BACKGROUND
This study assessed in-vitro shear bond strength and in-vivo survival rate of orthodontic brackets bonded with either a halogen or a plasma arc light.


METHODS
Ninety extracted premolars were divided into 6 groups of 15. Stainless steel brackets were bonded to the teeth by using either a halogen light with a 20-second curing time or a plasma arc light with a 2-, 6-, or 10-second curing time. Brackets were debonded either within 30 minutes of bonding or after thermocycling for 24 hours. Bond strengths were tested on a testing machine at a crosshead speed of 1 mm/minute. The bracket failure interface was measured with a modified adhesive remnant index score. Data were analyzed by using ANOVA and Tukey-Kramer multiple comparison tests. For the in-vivo study, a split-arch design was used to determine the bracket-failure rate and distribution in 25 patients. The patients were followed for a mean period of 1.1 years (386 days). Survival analysis was carried out to compare the failure rates of the 2 techniques.


RESULTS
No significant differences in bond strengths were found 30 minutes after bonding between the halogen light (13.6 +/- 3.8 MPa) and the plasma arc light with 2-, 6-, or 10-second curing times (9.6 +/- 2.9, 14.2 +/- 4.6, 16.0 +/- 3.0 MPa, respectively). Similar bond strengths were also found between the halogen light with a 20-second (16.1 +/- 3.6 MPa) curing time and plasma arc light with 6 seconds (18.2 +/- 4.6 MPa) of curing time after 24 hours of thermocycling. For the in-vivo study, no significant difference was found in bracket failure rates between the 2 light sources (4.9% in both groups). No significant differences were found between ARI scores for the halogen light and the plasma arc light at either 30 minutes or 24 hours after debonding.


CONCLUSIONS
These results indicate that the plasma arc light with a 6-second curing time can produce similar bond strength and bracket-failure rates as the halogen light that requires a longer curing time.
US Air Force, Bitburg, Germany.
Michael D
MD
Signorelli
Elizabeth
E
Kao
Peter W
PW
Ngan
Marcia A
MA
Gladwin
D000269:Adhesives / Q000528:radiation effects*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001641:Bicuspid; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003748:Dental Equipment; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D004868:Equipment Failure; D005260:Female; D006219:Halogens; D006801:Humans; D008027:Light; D008297:Male; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D044367:Phase Transition; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000528:radiation effects*; D033081:Shear Strength; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014978:Xenon
D000269:Adhesives; D006219:Halogens; D019279:Resin Cements; C477790:Transbond XT; D014978:Xenon