Insulin sensitizing pharmacotherapy for prevention of myocardial infarction in patients with diabetes mellitus.
Type 2 diabetes mellitus and insulin resistance are associated with an increased risk of myocardial infarction (MI). Although differences exist in insulin sensitization among oral hypoglycemic drugs, it is unclear whether these differences translate into a differential risk of MI and whether differences exist among these drugs. We conducted a case-control study of first MI in a 5-county area during a 56-month period. The patients were those with type 2 diabetes mellitus hospitalized with a first MI and the controls were those with diabetes mellitus randomly selected from the same geographic area. Information on medication use and other clinical data were obtained by telephone interview. After adjustment for all confounders, the odds ratio for MI for current monotherapy with thiazolidinedione and monotherapy with metformin compared with monotherapy with sulfonylurea was 0.33 (95% confidence interval 0.12 to 0.92, p = 0.03) and 0.48 (95% confidence interval 0.27 to 0.82, p = 0.01), respectively. The addition of a thiazolidinedione, but not metformin, to sulfonylurea monotherapy was associated with a significant reduction in MI risk compared with sulfonylurea therapy alone. In conclusion, the use of insulin-sensitizing drugs is associated with a significantly reduced risk of MI compared with sulfonylurea use, and the addition of a thiazolidinedione to sulfonylurea monotherapy is associated with a lower risk of MI.
Sauer
William H
WH
Cardiovascular Division, Department of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Cappola
Anne R
AR
Berlin
Jesse A
JA
Kimmel
Stephen E
SE
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood*; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008297:Male; D008687:Metformin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D015143:Philadelphia / Q000453:epidemiology; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D045162:Thiazolidinediones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D013453:Sulfonylurea Compounds; D045162:Thiazolidinediones; D008687:Metformin; C089946:2,4-thiazolidinedione