Phytosterols mixed with medium-chain triglycerides and high-oleic canola oil decrease plasma lipids in overweight men.
Phytosterols (PSs) have been recently added to various mediums. Nevertheless, matrices with functional properties, such as medium-chain triglycerides (MCTs), should be precisely examined for supplementary advantages. The objective of this study was to identify the existence of combined biological actions of a functional oil enriched in PSs within MCTs and high-oleic canola (HOC), relative to a control (olive oil), in overweight, hyperlipidemic men using a rigorously controlled dietary intervention. Twenty-three overweight, hyperlipidemic men consumed both types of oil in a randomized, crossover trial for 6 weeks each. Fasted plasma samples were collected on the first and last 2 days of each study period. Body weight decreased -1.22 +/- 0.35 kg (P = .0019) and -1.68 +/- 0.47 kg (P = .0016) after the 6-week study period in the olive oil and functional oil groups, respectively. The end points for total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) in the functional oil group (P = .0006) were lower than in the olive oil group (P = .0002). Total cholesterol values decreased from comparable baseline to end point of 4.71 +/- 0.16 mmol/L (P < .0001) in the functional oil phase and 5.14 +/- 0.19 mmol/L (P = .0001) in the olive oil phase (P = .0592). In addition, LDL-C demonstrated a similar drop, to an end point of 3.12 +/- 0.16 mmol/L (P < .0001) and 3.54 +/- 0.18 mmol/L (P = .0002), for the functional oil and olive oil groups, respectively, with significant changes (P = .0221). High-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels did not change in either treatment. Triacylglycerol end points decreased in functional oil and olive oil groups (P = .0195 and .0105, respectively) to the same extent from baseline. Results indicate that PSs mixed within an MCT- and HOC-rich matrix lower plasma LDL-C, without significantly changing the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol concentrations, in hyperlipidemic, overweight men, and may therefore decrease the risk of cardiovascular events.
School of Dietetics and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Agricultural and Environmental Sciences, McGill University, Montreal, Québec, Canada H9X 3V9.
Iwona
I
Rudkowska
Catherine E
CE
Roynette
Dilip K
DK
Nakhasi
Peter J H
PJ
Jones
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D008078:Cholesterol, LDL / Q000097:blood; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000188:drug therapy; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019301:Oleic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000069463:Olive Oil; D050177:Overweight / Q000187:drug effects*; D010840:Phytosterols / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000008:administration & dosage*
D008078:Cholesterol, LDL; D005229:Fatty Acids, Monounsaturated; D008055:Lipids; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010840:Phytosterols; D010938:Plant Oils; D000074262:Rapeseed Oil; D014280:Triglycerides; D019301:Oleic Acid; D002784:Cholesterol