Menopausal symptoms in Hispanic women and the role of socioeconomic factors.
The objective of this study was to assess differences in menopausal symptoms between postmenopausal (PM) Hispanic (H) and PM Caucasian (C) women. This was a prospective survey. Data from a convenience sample of 404 PM women (50% H, 50% C) were evaluated. Comparing H with C women, statistically significant differences (P < 0.05) in symptoms were noted with mood changes (76% H, 54% C), a decrease in energy (56% H, 36% C), palpitations (54% H, 26% C), breast tenderness (39% H, 28% C), memory loss (34% H, 22% C), and vaginal dryness (34% H, 44% C). When controlling for education and income, there were differences in mood changes, a decrease in energy and palpitations between the groups. Consistent with previous data, hot flashes (80% H, 75% C) and night sweats (67% H, 64% C) were the most common symptoms in the PM C women, and there were no significant differences compared with PM H women. Symptoms reported by PM C women in this sample are consistent with rates in the literature, but PM H women reported several symptoms at a higher rate. These differences remain when socioeconomic factors are considered, suggesting ethnicity may be an independent variable in menopausal symptomatology.
Schnatz
Peter F
PF
The University of Connecticut School of Medicine, Farmington, Connecticut, USA. pschnat@harthosp.org
Serra
John
J
O'Sullivan
David M
DM
Sorosky
Joel I
JI
D004502:Education, Medical, Continuing; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019584:Hot Flashes / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008593:Menopause / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013546:Sweating; D044465:White People / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*