Osmolarity: a decisive parameter of bowel agents in intestinal magnetic resonance imaging.
The aim was to evaluate the importance of the osmolarity of different oral agents for bowel distension and the level of related adverse events. The longitudinal design included the exposition of different oral MR agents on two separate occasions. Four groups of volunteers were randomly given 350 ml gastrografin of three different concentrations and water. On the second occasion they received mannitol, iohexol or iodixanol with equivalent osmolarities, but the control group (water) received mannitol. We recorded the outcomes as the degree of bowel distension determined as the mean bowel section area and the total level of discomfort recorded from a visual analogue scale (VAS). The statistical analysis included scatter plots with the best-fitted line with linear regression to study the association between osmolarity and section area and the association between osmolarity and adverse events. A dose-response association was found between increasing osmolarity levels and bowel area in square centimeters (P = 0.00001). A similar dose-response association existed between increasing levels of osmolarity and adverse events (P = 0.001). Osmolarity appears to be more important for bowel distension than the physico-chemical characteristics of the nonabsorbable oral agents. The optimum osmolarity level is determined by the patient's tolerance of the adverse events.
Department of Pediatric Radiology, Ullevaal University Hospital, Kirkeveien 166, N-0407 Oslo, Norway. aborth@broadpark.no
Arne S
AS
Borthne
Michael
M
Abdelnoor
Trygve
T
Storaas
Claude
C
Pierre-Jerome
Nils-E
NE
Kløw
D000328:Adult; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry*; D003974:Diatrizoate Meglumine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000033:anatomy & histology*; D007472:Iohexol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008353:Mannitol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D008875:Middle Aged; D009994:Osmolar Concentration; D010147:Pain Measurement; D016037:Single-Blind Method; D014283:Triiodobenzoic Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water
D003287:Contrast Media; D014283:Triiodobenzoic Acids; D014867:Water; D008353:Mannitol; D003974:Diatrizoate Meglumine; D007472:Iohexol; C044834:iodixanol