Hourglass model for a protein-based circadian oscillator.
Many organisms possess internal biochemical clocks, known as circadian oscillators, which allow them to regulate their biological activity with a 24-hour period. It was recently discovered that the circadian oscillator of photosynthetic cyanobacteria is able to function in a test tube with only three proteins, KaiA, KaiB, and KaiC, and ATP. Biochemical events are intrinsically stochastic, and this tends to desynchronize oscillating protein populations. We propose that stability of the Kai-protein oscillator relies on active synchronization by (i) monomer exchange between KaiC hexamers during the day, and (ii) formation of clusters of KaiC hexamers at night. Our results highlight the importance of collective assembly or disassembly of proteins in biochemical networks, and may help guide design of novel protein-based oscillators.
Emberly
Eldon
E
Physics Department, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada V5A 1S6.
Wingreen
Ned S
NS
D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000528:radiation effects; D001683:Biological Clocks / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D002940:Circadian Rhythm / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D056925:Circadian Rhythm Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D003198:Computer Simulation; D008027:Light; D008954:Models, Biological; D008956:Models, Chemical; D015233:Models, Statistical; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology* / Q000528:radiation effects; D046940:Synechococcus / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism / Q000528:radiation effects
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D056925:Circadian Rhythm Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C114269:KaiA protein, cyanobacteria; C114270:KaiB protein, cyanobacteria; C114271:KaiC protein, cyanobacteria