Identification and characterization of two dipeptidyl-peptidase III isoforms in Drosophila melanogaster.
Dipeptidyl-peptidase III (DPP III) hydrolyses small peptides with a broad substrate specificity. It is thought to be involved in a major degradation pathway of the insect neuropeptide proctolin. We report the purification and characterization of a soluble DPP III from 40 g Drosophila melanogaster. Western blot analysis with anti-(DPP III) serum revealed the purification of two proteins of molecular mass 89 and 82 kDa. MS/MS analysis of these proteins resulted in the sequencing of 45 and 41 peptide fragments, respectively, confirming approximately 60% of both annotated D. melanogaster DPP III isoforms (CG7415-PC and CG7415-PB) predicted at 89 and 82 kDa. Sequencing also revealed the specific catalytic domain HELLGH in both isoforms, indicating that they are both effective in degrading small peptides. In addition, with a probe specific for D. melanogaster DPP III, northern blot analysis of fruit fly total RNA showed two transcripts at approximately 2.6 and 2.3 kb, consistent with the translation of 89-kDa and 82-kDa DPP III proteins. Moreover, the purified enzyme hydrolyzed the insect neuropeptide proctolin (Km approximately 4 microm) at the second N-terminal peptide bound, and was inhibited by the specific DPP III inhibitor tynorphin. Finally, anti-(DPP III) immunoreactivity was observed in the central nervous system of D. melanogaster larva, supporting a functional role for DPP III in proctolin degradation. This study shows that DPP III is in actuality synthesized in D. melanogaster as 89-kDa and 82-kDa isoforms, representing two native proteins translated from two alternative mRNA transcripts.
Laboratoire de Neurobiologie des Réseaux, CNRS-UMR 5816, Université Bordeaux I, Talence, France.
Claire
C
Mazzocco
Jennifer
J
Gillibert-Duplantier
Veronique
V
Neaud
Kayoko M
KM
Fukasawa
Stéphane
S
Claverol
Marc
M
Bonneu
Jacques
J
Puiroux
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000201:enzymology; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics; D004152:Dipeptidyl-Peptidases and Tripeptidyl-Peptidases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000378:metabolism; D004331:Drosophila melanogaster / Q000201:enzymology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D007700:Kinetics; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D008970:Molecular Weight; D012995:Solubility
D007527:Isoenzymes; D004247:DNA; D004152:Dipeptidyl-Peptidases and Tripeptidyl-Peptidases; C100152:dipeptidyl peptidase III