Differential expression and distribution of epithelial adhesion molecules in non-small cell lung cancer and normal bronchus.
BACKGROUND
Changes in epithelial cell interactions have been implicated in carcinogenesis, tumour invasion and metastasis.


OBJECTIVE
To screen for altered expression of epithelial adhesion genes in lung cancer development.


METHODS
Gene expression profiles were assessed with cDNA expression arrays in eight non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) and eight normal bronchi obtained from the same patient. Immunohistochemistry (IHC) and RNA in situ hybridisation (ISH) were used to confirm the most prominently expressed adhesion molecules and to investigate their distribution at protein and mRNA levels.


RESULTS
43 differentially expressed cancer-related genes were identified in adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) and normal bronchus. Five of these genes are related to epithelial adhesion-that is, integrin alpha3 (ITGA3), integrin beta4 (ITGB4), desmoplakin I and II (DSP), plakoglobin, and desmocollin 3 (DSC3). ITGA3 and ITGB4, showing predominantly cell-matrix staining, were up regulated in adenocarcinoma and SCC, respectively. ITGB4 also showed strong staining in SCC with IHC and ISH. Components of the desmosome adhesion complex DSP, plakoglobin and DSC3 were strongly up regulated in SCC and showed a distinct cell-cell staining pattern. DSP and plakoglobin were predominantly present at central, more differentiated tumour cells, whereas DSC3 showed a stronger staining in the peripheral basal cells of SCC tumour areas.


CONCLUSIONS
Lack of cellular adhesion may have an important role in the metastatic potency of a primary tumour. A possible association of strong presence and normal-distributed desmosomal molecules in SCC with the less frequent and late pattern of metastasis in SCC as compared with adenocarcinoma is suggested.
Department of Pathology, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands. m.c.boelens@path.umcg.nl
M C
MC
Boelens
A
A
van den Berg
I
I
Vogelzang
J
J
Wesseling
D S
DS
Postma
W
W
Timens
H J M
HJ
Groen
D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000378:metabolism; D000368:Aged; D001980:Bronchi / Q000378:metabolism; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000378:metabolism*; D018288:Carcinoma, Small Cell / Q000378:metabolism; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003896:Desmosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling / Q000379:methods; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D017403:In Situ Hybridization; D016023:Integrins / Q000378:metabolism; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D015854:Up-Regulation
D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; D016023:Integrins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D012334:RNA, Neoplasm