Salviae Miltiorrhizae BGE Radix increases rat striatal K(+)-stimulated dopamine release and activates the dopamine release with protection against hydrogen peroxide-induced injury in rat pheochromocytoma PC12 cells.
The present study investigated the effect of the medicinal plant Salviae miltiorrhizae radix (SMR) on dopaminergic neurotransmission in comparison with amphetamine. The effect of SM (0.1 g/ml) on K(+) (20 mM)-stimulated dopamine (DA) release from rat striatal slices was compared with amphetamine (10(-4) M). Amphetamine and SMR significantly increased K(+)-stimulated DA release (P<0.001) from rat striatal slices when compared with K(+)-stimulated alone. On the other hand, to examine whether in vitro SMR treatment induces DA release in PC12 cells, the role of protein kinases has been investigated in the induction of the SMR-mediated events by using inhibitors of protein kinase C (PKC), mitogen activated protein kinase (MAP kinase) or protein kinase A (PKA). PKC inhibitors chelerythrine (50 and 100 nM), Ro31-8220 (100 nM) and the MAP kinase inhibitor, PD98059 (20 microM) inhibited the ability of SMR to elicit the SMR-stimulated DA release. The direct-acting PKC activator, 12-O-tetradecanoyl phorbol 13-acetate (TPA, 100 nM) mimicked the ability of SMR to elicit DA release. On the contrary, a selective PKA inhibitor, 50 microM Rp-8-Br-cAMP, blocked the development of SMR-stimulated DA release. The results demonstrated that SMR may stimulate DA release and that SMR-induced increases in MAP kinase and PKC are important for induction of the enhancement in transporter-mediated DA release and PKA was also required for the enhancement in SMR-stimulated DA release. SMR treatment (0.1-10 microg/ml) to the hydrogen peroxide (H(2)O(2))-treated PC12 cells activated the enzyme activities such as catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, and decreased the malondialdehyde level, indicating that SMR has also protective effects against free radical-induced cell toxicity. Therefore, the mechanism by which SMR induces the enhancement in SMR-stimulated DA release is apparent. It remains to be determined whether the effect of SMR on DA function is important in its therapeutic use in the treatment of drug addiction.
Chung
Tae-Wook
TW
Department of Biological Science, Sungkyunkwan University and National Research Laboratory for Glycobiology, 440-746, Jangan-Gu, Suwon City, Kyunggi-Do, Korea.
Koo
Byung-Soo
BS
Kim
Kyeong-Oh
KO
Jeong
Hee-Sang
HS
Kim
Min-Gon
MG
Chung
Kang-Hung
KH
Lee
In-Seon
IS
Kim
Cheorl-Ho
CH
D000662:Amphetamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism*; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000378:metabolism; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D016877:Oxidants / Q000494:pharmacology; D016716:PC12 Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism*; D011493:Protein Kinase C / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D027561:Salvia miltiorrhiza; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000378:metabolism
D000662:Amphetamines; D000975:Antioxidants; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D005419:Flavonoids; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D016877:Oxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D011493:Protein Kinase C; D011188:Potassium; C093973:2-(2-amino-3-methoxyphenyl)-4H-1-benzopyran-4-one; D004298:Dopamine