Polysomnographic and symptomatological analyses of major depressive disorder patients treated with mirtazapine.
OBJECTIVE
This study aimed to characterize the effects of mirtazapine on polysomnographic sleep, especially slow wave sleep (SWS) and rapid eye movement (REM) sleep, as well as its effects on clinical symptoms in patients with major depressive disorder (MDD).


METHODS
Sixteen MDD patients were treated with mirtazapine 30 mg taken 30 minutes before bedtime. Polysomnographic and subjective sleep, as well as other clinical data, were collected at baseline and on Days or Nights 2, 9, 16, 30, and 58 during treatment. We used repeated measures analysis of variance, including pairwise comparison, to analyze data statistically.


RESULTS
Mirtazapine administration increased total SWS and the SWS in the first sleep cycle, but not SWS in the second sleep cycle. The medication increased REM latency and the duration of the first REM episode; it also decreased the number of REM episodes. Simultaneously, mirtazapine significantly reduced wake-after-sleep onset and scores on the Athens Insomnia Scale. After patients took the medication, scores on the Hamilton Depression Rating Scale-17 (HDRS-17) decreased rapidly and continuously. The changes on the Beck Depression Inventory-II were consistent with those on the HDRS-17. The medication has a tendency to increase weight.


CONCLUSIONS
Mirtazapine significantly improved sleep quality, reversed sleep markers of depression, and reduced depressive symptoms in this group of MDD patients.
Shen
Jianhua
J
Department of Psychiatry, University Health Network, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario. jianhua.shen@utoronto.ca
Chung
Sharon A
SA
Kayumov
Leonid
L
Moller
Henry
H
Hossain
Naheed
N
Wang
Xuehua
X
Deb
Prativa
P
Sun
Frank
F
Huang
Xin
X
Novak
Marta
M
Appleton
Darryl
D
Shapiro
Colin M
CM
D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000187:drug effects; D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008803:Mianserin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008875:Middle Aged; D000078785:Mirtazapine; D010555:Personality Inventory; D017286:Polysomnography / Q000187:drug effects*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000187:drug effects; D012890:Sleep / Q000187:drug effects*; D007319:Sleep Initiation and Maintenance Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy; D012895:Sleep, REM / Q000187:drug effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000929:Antidepressive Agents, Tricyclic; D008803:Mianserin; D000078785:Mirtazapine