title: Monoxenic liquid culture of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae using a culture medium containing whey kinetics and modeling.
abstract: The submerged culture of the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae and its symbiotic bacterium, Xenorhabdus nematophila, was carried out in orbitally agitated bottles using a culture medium containing whey (in grams per litre: 500 whey, 20 yeast extract, 10 dried egg yolk-food grade, 3 sodium chloride, 37 corn oil-food grade). Maximum total viable nematode concentrations of 198,333ml(-1) were achieved within fermentations of 24 days with 64% of the nematode population within the infective juvenile stage (IJ) (126,666ml(-1)) at the end. The kinetics of the bioprocess was well modelled using the four-parameter Sigmoidal model and the corresponding maximum specific rates of nematode production (0.47 day(-1)), carbohydrates consumption (0.0008g(carbohydrates)g(nematodes)(-1)day(-1)) and nitrogen consumption (4.44g(nitrogen)g(nematodes)(-1)day(-1)) are first proposed. Besides, X. nematophila appears to have the capacity of lactose hydrolysis.
authors.affiliation: Cuerpo Académico de Biotecnología Agroalimentaria. Centro de Investigaciones en Ciencia y Tecnología de los Alimentos del Instituto de Ciencias Agropecuarias, Universidad Autónoma del Estado de Hidalgo, Hidalgo. CP 43600, Mexico. norberto@uaeh.reduaeh.mx
authors.forename: Norberto
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chavarría-Hernández
authors.forename: José-Jesús
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Espino-García
authors.forename: René
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sanjuan-Galindo
authors.forename: Adriana-Inés
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Hernández
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques / Q000379:methods; D018533:Biomass; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000737:chemistry; D018920:Coculture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D003470:Culture Media / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005285:Fermentation; D007700:Kinetics; D007785:Lactose / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D008894:Milk Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D009348:Nematoda / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000737:chemistry; D017168:Rhabditida / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000382:microbiology; D013559:Symbiosis; D000067816:Whey Proteins; D020593:Xenorhabdus / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D003470:Culture Media; D008894:Milk Proteins; D000067816:Whey Proteins; D007785:Lactose; D009584:Nitrogen