title: EmsB, a tandem repeated multi-loci microsatellite, new tool to investigate the genetic diversity of Echinococcus multilocularis.
abstract: In order to explore the genetic diversity within Echinococcus multilocularis (E. multilocularis), the cestode responsible for the alveolar echinococcosis (AE) in humans, a microsatellite, composed of (CA) and (GA) repeats and designated EmsB, was isolated and characterized in view of its nature and potential field application. PCR-amplification with specific primers exhibited a high degree of size polymorphism between E. multilocularis and Echinococcus granulosus sheep (G1) and camel (G6) strains. Fluorescent-PCR was subsequently performed on a panel of E. multilocularis isolates to assess intra-species polymorphism level. EmsB provided a multi-peak profile, characterized by tandemly repeated microsatellite sequences in the E. multilocularis genome. This "repetition of repeats" feature provided to EmsB a high discriminatory power in that eight clusters, supported by bootstrap p-values larger than 95%, could be defined among the tested E. multilocularis samples. We were able to differentiate not only the Alaskan from the European samples, but also to detect different European isolate clusters. In total, 25 genotypes were defined within 37 E. multilocularis samples. Despite its complexity, this tandem repeated multi-loci microsatellite possesses the three important features for a molecular marker, i.e. sensitivity, repetitiveness and discriminatory power. It will permit assessing the genetic polymorphism of E. multilocularis and to investigate its spatial distribution in detail.
authors.affiliation: Parasitology Department, SERF Team (Equipe Santé Environnement Rural Franche-Comté), Faculty of Medicine, University of Franche-Comté, France. jmbart2000@yahoo.fr
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bart
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Knapp
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gottstein
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: El-Garch
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Giraudoux
authors.forename: M L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Glowatzki
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Berthoud
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Maillard
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Piarroux
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D018509:DNA, Helminth / Q000302:isolation & purification; D004444:Echinococcosis, Hepatic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics; D048209:Echinococcus granulosus / Q000235:genetics; D048210:Echinococcus multilocularis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005589:Foxes / Q000469:parasitology; D014644:Genetic Variation; D042822:Genomic Instability; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012377:Rodentia / Q000469:parasitology; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012689:Sequence Homology, Nucleic Acid; D012756:Sheep / Q000469:parasitology; D020080:Tandem Repeat Sequences / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D018509:DNA, Helminth