title: Identification of highly brominated analogues of Q1 in marine mammals.
abstract: Three novel halogenated organic compounds (HOCs) have been identified in the blubber of marine mammals from coastal New England with the molecular formulae C(9)H(3)N(2)Br(6)Cl, C(9)H(3)N(2)Br(7), and C(9)H(4)N(2)Br(5)Cl. They were identified using high and low resolution gas chromatography mass spectrometry (GCMS) and appear to be highly brominated analogues of Q1, a heptachlorinated HOC suspected to be naturally produced. These compounds were found in Atlantic white sided dolphin (Lagenorhynchus acutus), bottlenose dolphin (Tursiops truncatus), common dolphin (Delphinus delphis), Risso's dolphin (Grampus griseus), harbor porpoise (Phocoena phocoena), beluga whale (Delphinapterus leucas), fin whale (Balaenoptera physalus), grey seal (Halichoerus grypus), harp seal (Phoca groenlandica) and a potential food source (Loligo pealei) with concentrations as high as 2.7 microg/g (lipid weight). The regiospecificity of C(9)H(3)N(2)Br(6)Cl is suggestive of a biogenic origin. Debromination of C(9)H(3)N(2)Br(6)Cl may be significant in the formation of C(9)H(4)N(2)Br(5)Cl.
authors.affiliation: Department of Marine Chemistry and Geochemistry, Woods Hole Oceanographic Institution, 360 Woods Hole Road, Woods Hole, MA 02543, USA. emma.teuten@plymouth.ac.uk <emma.teuten@plymouth.ac.uk>
authors.forename: Emma L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: Teuten
authors.forename: Byron E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Pedler
authors.forename: Alexandra N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Hangsterfer
authors.forename: Christopher M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Reddy
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D050643:Beluga Whale / Q000378:metabolism; D002591:Cetacea / Q000378:metabolism; D050696:Common Dolphins / Q000378:metabolism; D004289:Dolphins / Q000378:metabolism; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D008322:Mammals / Q000378:metabolism*; D009511:New England; D050741:Phocoena / Q000378:metabolism; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D046048:Seals, Earless / Q000378:metabolism; D012623:Seawater; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D006842:Hydrocarbons, Brominated; D014873:Water Pollutants; D011078:Polychlorinated Biphenyls