Epitope mapping of herpes simplex virus type 2 gH/gL defines distinct antigenic sites, including some associated with biological function.
The gH/gL complex plays an essential role in virus entry and cell-cell spread of herpes simplex virus (HSV). Very few immunologic reagents were previously available to either identify important functional regions or gain information about structural features of this complex. Therefore, we generated and characterized a panel of 31 monoclonal antibodies (MAbs) against HSV type 2 (HSV-2) gH/gL. Fourteen MAbs bound to a conformation-dependent epitope of the gH2/gL2 complex, and all blocked virus spread. The other 17 MAbs recognized linear epitopes of gH (12) or gL (5). Interestingly, two of the gL MAbs and six of the gH MAbs were type common. Overlapping synthetic peptides were used to map MAbs against linear epitopes. These data, along with results of competition analyses and functional assays, assigned the MAbs to groups representing eight distinct antigenic sites on gH (I to VIII) and three sites on gL (A, B, and C). Of most importance, the MAbs with biological activity mapped either to site I of gH2 (amino acids 19 to 38) or to sites B and C of gL2 (residues 191 to 210). Thus, these MAbs constitute a novel set of reagents, including the first such reagents against gH2 and gL2 as well as some that recognize both serotypes of each protein. Several recognize important functional domains of gH2, gL2, or the complex. We suggest a common grouping scheme for all of the known MAbs against gH/gL of both HSV-1 and HSV-2.
Cairns
Tina M
TM
Department of Microbiology, School of Dental Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA.
Shaner
Marie S
MS
Zuo
Yi
Y
Ponce-de-Leon
Manuel
M
Baribaud
Isabelle
I
Eisenberg
Roselyn J
RJ
Cohen
Gary H
GH
Whitbeck
J Charles
JC
D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000276:immunology*; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000276:immunology*; D000918:Antibody Specificity; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D016466:CHO Cells; D002459:Cell Fusion; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D006224:Cricetinae; D018604:Epitope Mapping; D000939:Epitopes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D018258:Herpesvirus 2, Human / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D010449:Peptide Mapping; D010455:Peptides / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D014709:Vero Cells; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D010948:Viral Plaque Assay
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D000956:Antigens, Viral; D000939:Epitopes; D010455:Peptides; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins