Cancer CXC chemokine networks and tumour angiogenesis.
Chemokines have pleiotropic effects in regulating immunity, angiogenesis, stem cell trafficking, and mediating organ-specific metastases of cancer. In the context of angiogenesis, the CXC chemokine family is a unique group of cytokines known for their ability to behave in a disparate manner in the regulation of angiogenesis. The glutamic acid-leucine-arginine (ELR+) CXC chemokines are potent promoters of angiogenesis, and mediate their angiogenic activity via signal-coupling of CXCR2 on endothelium. By contrast, members of the CXC chemokine family, such as platelet factor-4 (PF4; CXCL4) and interferon-inducible CXC chemokines are potent inhibitors of angiogenesis, and use CXCR3 on endothelium to mediate their angiostatic activity. This review will discuss the biology of CXC chemokines in the context of angiogenesis related to cancer.
Strieter
Robert M
RM
Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine at the University of California-Los Angeles, 900 Veteran Ave., 14-154 Warren Hall, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1786, USA. rstrieter@mednet.ucla.edu
Burdick
Marie D
MD
Mestas
Javier
J
Gomperts
Brigitte
B
Keane
Michael P
MP
Belperio
John A
JA
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D043165:Angiostatic Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D019743:Chemokines, CXC / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000209:etiology* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology
D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D043165:Angiostatic Proteins; D019743:Chemokines, CXC