title: Safety of neonatal skin cleansing in rural Nepal.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  A high proportion of deaths during the neonatal period are attributed to infections. Neonatal skin plays an important role in protecting the newborn from invasive pathogens. In preparation for a study of newborn skin cleansing with chlorhexidine in Nepal, we evaluated the feasibility, acceptability, and safety of the newborn cleansing procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational pilot study of full-body cleansing of newborns in rural Nepal.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty two newborn infants were wiped with commercially available non-antiseptic baby wipes. Pre and post-procedure axillary temperatures were recorded to estimate the impact of cleansing on body temperature. Skin aggravation, residual moisture, removal of vernix, and maternal satisfaction were assessed qualitatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Body temperature of newborns decreased an average of 0.40 C (95% CI: 0.31 to 0.49 C, p < 0.0001) during the procedure. There was no evidence of skin aggravation, injury or removal of vernix, and mothers expressed satisfaction with the procedure. The procedure was simple and project workers were easily trained.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Care must be taken to promptly wrap infants after skin cleansing procedures as slight temperature decrease was noted after the procedure. These pilot data indicate, however, that gentle cleansing of newborn skin poses minimal risk to infants. This procedure is safe and appropriate precautions can be taken to deliver safe skin antisepsis with chlorhexidine to infants in the community.
authors.affiliation: Department of International Health and Bloomberg School of Public Health, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Luke C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Mullany
authors.forename: Gary L
authors.initials: GL
authors.lastname: Darmstadt
authors.forename: Subarna K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Khatry
authors.forename: Steve C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: LeClerq
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Tielsch
mesh_terms: D001831:Body Temperature; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D009390:Nepal; D010865:Pilot Projects; D012423:Rural Health; D017592:Skin Care / Q000009:adverse effects