title: IL-9 expression contributes to the cellular composition in Hodgkin lymphoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The presence of numerous mast cells or eosinophils in Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) tumours have both been described as negative prognostic factors. One cytokine related to HL is interleukin-9 (IL-9) and it is known to affect both mast cells and eosinophils. The aim of this study was to explore if the expression of IL-9 correlates to the presence of these inflammatory cells in HL tumours.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 131 HL biopsies, immunostainings for IL-9 and IL-9 receptor (IL-9R) were performed. The same material was previously stained for mast cells and eosinophils. These data were correlated to clinical and survival data from all patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-three percent of cases were positive for IL-9 and 19% were positive for IL-9R in the cytoplasm of the tumour cells. The IL-9 positive patients had more eosinophils (P = 0.002) and mast cells (P = 0.02) in their tumours, more often a nodular sclerosis histology (P < 0.0001), a higher white-blood-cell count (P = 0.006) and a higher erythrocyte sedimentation rate (P = 0.003) at the time of diagnosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  IL-9 expression is related to the histology, clinical picture and the presence of eosinophils and mast cells in HL. These results indicate that IL-9 is an important part of the cytokine network and inflammatory infiltrate in HL.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Radiology and Clinical Immunology, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden. ingrid.glimelius@onkologi.uu.se
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Glimelius
authors.forename: Annika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Edström
authors.forename: Rose-Marie
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Amini
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nilsson
authors.forename: Christer
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sundström
authors.forename: Gunilla
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Enblad
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Molin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D015973:Gene Expression Regulation, Leukemic; D006689:Hodgkin Disease / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007249:Inflammation / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016906:Interleukin-9 / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008407:Mast Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011379:Prognosis; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin / Q000378:metabolism; D053651:Receptors, Interleukin-9
chemical_list: C508045:IL9R protein, human; D016906:Interleukin-9; D018123:Receptors, Interleukin; D053651:Receptors, Interleukin-9