title: Endocervical metaplasia of the endometrium in a patient with cystic fibrosis: a case report.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To report the case of an infertile female patient with cystic fibrosis who was diagnosed with endocervical metaplasia of the endometrium at diagnostic hysteroscopy and successfully treated with an oral estroprogestinic formulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case report.
  
  
  METHODS
  University hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 27-year-old infertile female patient with cystic fibrosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hysteroscopy with multiple random biopsies was performed at the time of the first visit and after a 10-month cycle with an oral estroprogestinic formulation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Hysteroscopic evaluation with target biopsy; histological examinations of endometrial specimens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our patient benefited from a 10-month cycle with an oral estroprogestinic formulation. At the control visit we noticed a significant improvement in the hysteroscopic appearance of her endometrium, and the histological examination confirmed the complete reversion of the metaplastic alterations previously observed.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The present report suggests a novel histological alteration possibly involved in affecting fertility in women with cystic fibrosis. In addition, the positive response to the estroprogestinic treatment observed in our patient poses new questions regarding the relationship between ovarian hormones and cystic fibrosis transmembrane conductance regulator protein regulation, offering interesting perspectives for a hormonal therapy in the treatment of subfertility in women with cystic fibrosis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, and Pathophysiology of Human Reproduction, University of Naples Federico II, Naples, Italy.
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Piccoli
authors.forename: Attilio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Di Spiezio Sardo
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Insabato
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Acunzo
authors.forename: Maurizio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guida
authors.forename: Carmine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Nappi
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D000726:Androgen Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002584:Cervix Uteri / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D003534:Cyproterone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000473:pathology*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004717:Endometrium / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology*; D004967:Estrogens / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015907:Hysteroscopy; D007247:Infertility, Female / Q000209:etiology*; D008599:Menstruation Disturbances / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D008679:Metaplasia; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000726:Androgen Antagonists; D004338:Drug Combinations; D004967:Estrogens; D004997:Ethinyl Estradiol; D003534:Cyproterone