title: BCG immunotherapy--from pathophysiology to clinical practice.
abstract: Treatment with Bacillus Calmette-Guérin vaccine is mainly in use for superficial bladder cancer, for which it is given intravesically. Overall, this therapy is safe with only minor side effects. Arthritis secondary to such therapy has been rarely reported and usually responds well to NSAID treatment. The mechanisms leading to such a complication, as well as the clinical data, are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine B, Assaf Harofe Medical Center, P.O. Beer Yaacov, Zerifin, 70300, Israel.
authors.forename: Moshe
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tishler
authors.forename: Yehuda
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Shoenfeld
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001168:Arthritis / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D001500:BCG Vaccine