title: Comparative analysis of the symptomatology of children with lower urinary tract dysfunction in relation to objective data.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the clinical presentation of children with lower urinary tract dysfunction (LUTD) relating to objective examination data.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four children (36 girls and 8 boys with mean age of 6.8 years) with LUTD were prospectively assessed through a specific questionnaire that analyzed clinical presentation of those patients. These data were then compared to objective data, such as micturition diary and uroflowmetry with electromyography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A urinary tract infection (UTI) antecedent was observed in 31 cases (70.5%), and of those, 24 cases of UTI were accompanied by fever. All children presented micturition urgency. Daily urinary incontinence was observed in 33 cases (75%) and nocturnal enuresis in 23 (52.3%). As for micturition frequency, 15 (34.1%) had normal frequency 19 (43.2%) presented more than 10 daily micturition episodes and 10 (22.7%) thought they urinated less than 5 times a day. In the uroflowmetry and electromyography examination, 14 (31.8%) experienced lack of coordination during micturition. Of 10 children with infrequent micturition, 5 confirmed this in their micturition diaries and 2 listed more than 5 micturition episodes per day in the diary. Of 19 patients presenting polaciuria, only 5 confirmed this in their micturition diaries, while 7 had less than 10 micturition episodes per day.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most children with LUTD presented a previous UTI, and daily incontinence was verified in around 75% of the patients. Complaints of polaciuria or infrequent micturition are not noted completely in the micturition diaries and there is no parameter in the clinical history that offers good sensitivity or specificity for the diagnosis of lack of perineal coordination.
authors.affiliation: Section of Urology, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil. ubarroso@uol.com.br
authors.forename: Ubirajara
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Barroso
authors.forename: Thiago
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nova
authors.forename: Anderson
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dultra
authors.forename: Patricia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lordelo
authors.forename: Juarez
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Andrade
authors.forename: Antonio J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Vinhaes
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004576:Electromyography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014552:Urinary Tract Infections / Q000150:complications*; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014563:Urodynamics