title: Swallowing function after chemoradiation for advanced stage oropharyngeal cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Advanced-stage oropharyngeal cancer may be treated either surgically or nonsurgically. We reported previously functional outcomes after surgical resection with free-tissue transfer. In the present study, we evaluated swallowing function after combined chemoradiation for oropharyngeal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective review of 30 patients treated at a tertiary academic center for Stage III/IV oropharyngeal cancer with sequential or concurrent chemoradiation from 1994 to 2003.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Inclusion criteria were met by 27 of 30 (90%) patients. Most patients had base of tongue lesions (67%) and Stage IV disease (93%). Gastrostomy was carried out in 22 (82%) patients either before or during treatment. Three months after chemoradiation, 33% (9/27) were consuming all nutrition orally, 22% (6 of 27) were NPO, and 45% (12 of 27) had some oral intake but still required tube feeds. One year after treatment, 53% (10 of 19) had an exclusively oral diet whereas 47% still required tube feeds including 1 patient (5%) who was NPO. In patients without recurrence and follow-up length >1 year, 69% (9 of 13) were consuming all nutrition orally whereas 31% still required gastrostomy tube (G-tube) support. A higher rate of G-tube dependence was observed in patients treated for base of tongue lesions vs tonsil lesions (67% vs 25%, P = 0.049, chi(2) analysis).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  At this institution, the short-term (3-4 months) rate of G-tube dependence was similar after surgical and non-surgical treatment of oropharyngeal cancer. One year after chemoradiation, 31% of patients without recurrence still required tube feeds.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that organ-preservation protocols do not reduce the prevalence of chronic dysphagia and G-tube dependence after management of oropharyngeal cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  C-4.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Oregon Health & Science University, 3181 SW Sam Jackson Park Road, Portland, OR 97239, USA.
authors.forename: Samuel G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Shiley
authors.forename: Christopher A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Hargunani
authors.forename: Judith M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Skoner
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: Mark K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Wax
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D003679:Deglutition / Q000502:physiology*; D004750:Enteral Nutrition; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005774:Gastrostomy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009959:Oropharyngeal Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy; D010288:Parenteral Nutrition; D011879:Radiotherapy Dosage; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014062:Tongue Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy; D014067:Tonsillar Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy; D016896:Treatment Outcome