title: Early diabetic complications in a population of young patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus despite intensive treatment.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the prevalence of early complications in an unselected population of patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) diagnosed in childhood with intensive insulin treatment from diagnosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eighty children and adolescents with DM1, age 7-22 years and DM1 duration >3 years, were studied. Neuropathy was defined as abnormal nerve conduction finding in > or = 2 of 4 nerves (sural and peroneal nerves), nephropathy as albumin excretion rate > or = 20 microg/min and retinopathy as all grades of retinal changes in fundus photographs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of neuropathy was 59%, of retinopathy 27% and of nephropathy 5% after 13 years DM1 duration. Mean (SD) long-term HbA1c was 8.4 (0.9)% (DCCT-corrected value).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Even in a population with intensive insulin treatment from the beginning and fairly good metabolic control, the prevalence of subclinical neuropathy was high, while other diabetic complications were lower than usually reported.
authors.affiliation: Division of Paediatrics and Diabetes Research Centre, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, University Hospital, Linköping, Sweden. Maria.Nordvall@lio.se
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nordwall
authors.forename: Lars
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Hyllienmark
authors.forename: Johnny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ludvigsson
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003929:Diabetic Neuropathies / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003930:Diabetic Retinopathy / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007328:Insulin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009431:Neural Conduction; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007328:Insulin