title: Temporoparietal fascia plication in rhytidectomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The temporal region has a complex subcutaneous fascial structure known as the temporoparietal fascia, which is part of the subcutaneous musculoaponeurotic system. The temporoparietal fascia is continuous with the superficial musculoaponeurotic system (SMAS) of the face in the inferior border, the frontalis muscle, and the orbicularis oculi muscle in the anterior border. Therefore, a properly planned temporoparietal fascia plication can increase the tightness of the SMAS. In addition, plication of the temporoparietal fascia can provide lifting to decrease lateral canthal wrinkles with elevation of the lateral brows in rhytidectomy. Furthermore, plication of the temporoparietal fascia can yield deep tissue support, which prevents alopecia and visible scar formation in the temporal region by decreasing the tension along the skin incision.
  
  
  METHODS
  Plication of the temporoparietal fascia was performed for 16 patients who had undergone face-lifts over the previous 10 years. Careful subcutaneous dissection, performed immediately under the hair follicles to avoid frontal nerve injury, provides excellent exposure of the temporoparietal fascia for plication in rhytidectomy and protects the auriculotemporal nerve and the superficial temporal vessels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no complications such as hematoma, facial nerve injury, alopecia, or visible scar formation attributable to the temporoparietal fascia plication.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Temporoparietal fascia plication can be performed simply during rhytidectomy as an additional procedure. It not only augments the effects of the rhytidectomy, especially in the lateral brows, the lateral canthal, and the temporal regions, but also decreases the risk of possible complications.
authors.affiliation: Ali Teoman Tellioglu, Kenedi Cad 61/8, Kavaklidere, Ankara, Türkiye. tellioglu22@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Ali Teoman
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Tellioglu
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hosaka
mesh_terms: D000071938:Fasciotomy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000601:surgery; D010294:Parietal Bone; D015361:Rhytidoplasty / Q000379:methods*; D013703:Temporal Muscle / Q000601:surgery*