title: Successful treatment of refractory aquagenic pruritus with naltrexone.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aquagenic pruritus is an intense prickling sensation that develops in affected individuals immediately after contact with water at any temperature. It is most commonly associated with polycythemia rubra vera. Common but often ineffective treatments include anticholinergics and antihistamines. Other moderately successful treatments include capsaicin cream, UVB phototherapy, and sodium bicarbonate bath water.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In this case report we describe a 55-year-old female with severe itching following showers. Underlying causes were ruled out with a series of blood tests, a chest X-ray, and serum protein electrophoresis. After multiple treatment failures, her itching was relieved with naltrexone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Endogenous opiates, like naltrexone, can modify pruritus by influencing the peripheral and central sensation of itch. It has been found to be successful in suppressing the perception of pruritus from many diverse origins including aquagenic pruritus.
authors.affiliation: Undergraduate Medical Program, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada. sarah.ingber@utoronto.ca
authors.forename: Sarah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ingber
authors.forename: Paul D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Cohen
mesh_terms: D000982:Antipruritics / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001494:Baths / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009271:Naltrexone / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011537:Pruritus / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014867:Water / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D000982:Antipruritics; D009292:Narcotic Antagonists; D014867:Water; D009271:Naltrexone