title: The quantity and quality of worldwide new drug introductions, 1982-2003.
abstract: We examined trends in the introduction of new chemical entities (NCEs) worldwide from 1982 through 2003. Although annual introductions of NCEs decreased over time, introductions of high-quality NCEs (that is, global and first-in-class NCEs) increased moderately. Both biotech and orphan products enjoyed tremendous growth, especially for cancer treatment. Country-level analyses for 1993-2003 indicate that U.S. firms overtook their European counterparts in innovative performance or the introduction of first-in-class, biotech, and orphan products. The United States also became the leading market for first launch.
authors.affiliation: Department of Economics, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina, USA. grabow@econ.duke.edu
authors.forename: Henry G
authors.initials: HG
authors.lastname: Grabowski
authors.forename: Y Richard
authors.initials: YR
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D001709:Biotechnology; D004345:Drug Industry; D015507:Drugs, Investigational / Q000592:standards / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D005060:Europe; D014943:Global Health; D006801:Humans; D017387:Investigational New Drug Application / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009965:Orphan Drug Production; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D015507:Drugs, Investigational