title: [Effects of inhaled nitric oxide on lung function in ventilated premature piglets].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the efficacy of nitric oxide (NO) inhalation on lung function and modulation of inflammation in ventilated premature piglets.
  
  
  METHODS
  Premature piglets were obtained at gestation of 101-103 days (89% of full term) with a mean body weight of 870 g. All animals were subjected to mechanical ventilation (PEEP 4-6 cmH2O, Vt 6-8 mL/kg, RR 40-60/min) and randomized into 4 group (n=8 each): Ventilation control, NO inhalation (5-10 ppm), Surfactant (100 mg/kg) or NO plus surfactant. Before and during the ventilation blood gas and lung mechanics were monitored. At the end of the experiment, the lung samples were taken for measuring the NF-kappaB activity, wet/dry weight ratio and histopathology, and the results were compared with those from 10 non-ventilated premature piglets.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The oxygenation index was significantly lower in the NO+surfactant-treated group compared with that of the Control group (2.3 +/- 1.9 vs 9.5 +/- 7.5, P < 0.05). The alveolar aeration in the lungs was similar among the treatment groups. Both NO and NO+surfactant treatments significantly improved the ventilation index. The NO-treated and the Non-ventilated groups had a significantly lower NF-kappaB activity and wet/dry lung weight ratio compared with the Control group. Neither methemoglobin and NO2 levels nor inflammatory lung injury was significantly increased in the NO and combined with surfactant-treated groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early treatment with NO alone or combined with surfactant can improve oxygenation and ventilation efficacy without obvious adverse effects on immature lungs of premature piglets. The beneficial effects of NO may be due to the suppression of NF-kappaB activity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, Children's Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Qun
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Xiao-Mei
authors.initials: XM
authors.lastname: Shao
authors.forename: Xiao-Ning
authors.initials: XN
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Chun-Bao
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000818:Animals; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology / Q000502:physiology; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D047928:Premature Birth / Q000503:physiopathology*; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants / Q000494:pharmacology; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D013552:Swine
chemical_list: D016328:NF-kappa B; D011663:Pulmonary Surfactants; D009569:Nitric Oxide