title: Enhanced in vitro invasiveness of ovarian cancer cells through up-regulation of VEGF and induction of MMP-2.
abstract: Vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) has been identified to be important in tumor angiogenesis, which is essential for the growth, invasion, and metastasis of solid tumors. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of VEGF overexpression on the invasion of human epithelial ovarian cancer cells in vitro and the possible mechanism involved. The VEGF165 cDNA was transfected into ovarian tumor cell lines CAOV3 and COC1 to promote the expression of VEGF. The VEGF expression and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 activity were examined by RT-PCR, Western blot analysis and gelatin zymography. A modified Boyden chamber assay was used to test tumor cell invasion in vitro. All cells overexpressing VEGF displayed an enhanced in vitro invasiveness through Matrigel-coated filters with Boyden chamber invasion assay. MMP-2 mRNA and protein were significantly increased during VEGF165 cDNA transfection; MMP-2 activity was also increased. The invasion property of ovarian cancer cells was abrogated with VEGF neutralizing antibody. Our data indicated that the expression of VEGF gave impetus to the in vitro invasion of ovarian cancer cells by stimulating the production and functional activities of MMP-2, which may be a key component of VEGF in promoting ovarian cancer cell invasion. VEGF may constitute a novel therapeutic target for antiangiogenic cancer therapy.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Biology Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P.R. China.
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Qunsheng
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Ling
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xi
authors.forename: Gang
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shixuan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jianfeng
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yunping
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: Ding
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ma
mesh_terms: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000494:pharmacology; D015153:Blotting, Western; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement; D004790:Enzyme Induction / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D010051:Ovarian Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D010957:Plasmids / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014162:Transfection; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C467484:VEGFA protein, human; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2