title: Antenna design for microwave hepatic ablation using an axisymmetric electromagnetic model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  An axisymmetric finite element method (FEM) model was employed to demonstrate important techniques used in the design of antennas for hepatic microwave ablation (MWA). To effectively treat deep-seated hepatic tumors, these antennas should produce a highly localized specific absorption rate (SAR) pattern and be efficient radiators at approved generator frequencies.
  
  
  RESULTS
  As an example, a double slot choked antenna for hepatic MWA was designed and implemented using FEMLABtrade mark 3.0.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This paper emphasizes the importance of factors that can affect simulation accuracy, which include boundary conditions, the dielectric properties of liver tissue, and mesh resolution.
authors.affiliation: Biomedical Engineering, University of Wisconsin, Madison, WI 53706 USA. jmbertram@gmail.com
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bertram
authors.forename: Deshan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Mark C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Converse
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Webster
authors.forename: David M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Mahvi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D055590:Electromagnetic Phenomena / Q000295:instrumentation*; D004867:Equipment Design; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D008114:Liver Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008872:Microwaves / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008962:Models, Theoretical