title: Keratorefractive approaches to achieving pseudoaccommodation.
abstract: Although presbyopia is ostensibly an age-related disease of the lens, ciliary body, and zonular apparatus, surgeons have nonetheless persevered in their attempts to create a solution to the problem of diminished near vision by performing keratorefractive procedures. This article discusses two approaches of varying technological sophistication, beginning with surgically induced astigmatism and continuing through enhanced monovision. Sometimes simple solutions are the best, and the technological innovation in cataract and refractive surgery has met with unrivalled success in the last three decades.
authors.affiliation: Ophthalmology, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte-MG, Brazil. fct@gold.com.br
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Trindade
authors.forename: Stephen E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Pascucci
mesh_terms: D000065:Accommodation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D003315:Cornea / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D019654:Lens Implantation, Intraocular / Q000295:instrumentation*; D007910:Lenses, Intraocular; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D012030:Refractive Errors / Q000503:physiopathology; D054140:Refractive Surgical Procedures