title: [Second nonmyeloablative allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation with more immunosuppressive conditioning regimen for the late graft failure of the patient with acute myeloid leukemia].
abstract: A 53-year-old woman with acute myeloid leukemia (M2; normal karyotype) in first remission underwent the nonmyeloablative allogeneic peripheral blood stem cell transplantation from her HLA-identical brother, with conditioning consisting of fludarabine and low dose total body irradiation (2Gy). Karyotype analysis of bone marrow on day 28 after the recovery of the hematopoiesis showed 46 XY (20/20). However, pancytopenia progressed from day 130 and the patient became transfusion dependent. Because of the hypoplastic bone marrow and the high ratio (81%) of recipient cells among the peripheral T-cells, she was diagnosed as the late graft failure. Cyclophosphamide was added to the conditioning and the second transplant was performed using the same donor's cryopreserved stem cells. Hematopoiesis recovered and the complete chimerism in T-cells was confirmed on day 28. Although the transplant dose of the CD34 and CD3 positive cells was the same between the two transplantation, the patient suffering from the late graft failure obtained the stable engraftment after the second transplant with more immunosuppressive conditioning regimen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Bioregulatory Science, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University.
authors.forename: Yoshimichi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tachikawa
authors.forename: Yasunobu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Abe
authors.forename: Ilseung
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ohtsuka
authors.forename: Eriko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nagasawa
authors.forename: Keisuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shibata
authors.forename: Junji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nawata
authors.forename: Koichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Muta
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007165:Immunosuppression Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000628:therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D036102:Peripheral Blood Stem Cell Transplantation; D019172:Transplantation Conditioning / Q000379:methods*; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014740:Vidarabine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014916:Whole-Body Irradiation
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D014740:Vidarabine; C024352:fludarabine