title: A new recombinant mosquito salivary allergen, rAed a 2: allergenicity, clinical relevance, and cross-reactivity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Mosquito salivary proteins cause allergic reactions in humans. The allergenicity, clinical relevance, and species cross-reactivity of a new 37-kDa recombinant mosquito (Aedes aegypti) salivary allergen, rAed a 2, were evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  rAed a 2 was expressed using a baculovirus/insect cell system and purified. Its allergenicity was examined using an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA), ELISA inhibition tests, immunoblots, and skin tests. Epicutaneous tests with the allergen, mosquito whole body extracts, and mosquito bite tests were performed on 48 volunteers. Serum rAed a 2-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) was measured in individuals with positive mosquito saliva-specific IgE and negative controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Both immunoblots and ELISAs demonstrated that rAed a 2 bound to the IgE of mosquito-allergic individuals. The binding could be inhibited by the addition of a natural mosquito preparation. Furthermore, rAed a 2 induced immediate and delayed skin reactions. Ten per cent of 31 participants with a positive mosquito bite test had positive skin reactions to rAed a 2, compared with 32% for mosquito whole body extract. None of the participants with a negative bite test showed positive reactions to either of the two extracts. Forty-three per cent of individuals with positive saliva-IgE had positive rAed a 2-IgE. rAed a 2 was a species-shared allergen, being present in the saliva of the 11 species studied.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  rAed a 2 has identical antigenicity and biologic activity to its native form. It can be used in the diagnosis of mosquito allergy, and is an important species-shared antigen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada.
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Peng
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: James
authors.forename: F E R
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Simons
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000485:Allergens / Q000276:immunology*; D000818:Animals; D003429:Cross Reactions; D009033:Culicidae / Q000276:immunology*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D007299:Insect Bites and Stings / Q000276:immunology; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000276:immunology*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000485:Allergens; D019476:Insect Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides; D007073:Immunoglobulin E