The potential role of gene expression in the management of primary and metastatic colorectal cancer.
BACKGROUND
Although there have been recent advances in treatment of colorectal cancer, microarray technology has the potential to improve the application of these therapies by interrogating tumor-specific molecular "fingerprints."


METHODS
The future applications and benefits of gene expression profiling are discussed.


RESULTS
Potential uses include determining who will benefit from chemotherapy, further classifying patients into responders and nonresponders, predicting apoptotic response, developing classifiers to recognize chemosensitive tumors, identifying genes that portend a poor prognosis, revealing genes associated with metastases, predicting the outcome according to clinical stage, and avoiding surgery in patients who would not benefit from resection.


CONCLUSIONS
Recent research has been aimed at not only finding new molecularly targeted agents, but also identifying specific signatures to predict sensitivity and resistance to therapy. Future care may soon incorporate the data derived from a single microarray chip or similar technology that will describe a patient's tumor, predict prognosis, and direct specific therapy.
Alvarado
Michael D
MD
Department of Surgery, H. Lee Moffitt Cancer Center & Research Institute, Tampa, FL 33612-9497, USA.
Jensen
Eric H
EH
Yeatman
Timothy J
TJ
D015179:Colorectal Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D018579:Patient Selection; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis