[Concepts and models of aging well].
For a few years, the image associated with the ageing process has been more positive: expressions such as << successful aging >>, << well aging >> or << healthy aging >> are more frequently used in relation to aging. However, there is still a lack of consensus on this appealing and challenging concept. Therefore, we present an overview of its definition, psychosocial determinants and conceptual models. We report that the meaning of the concept varies according to the cultural context (individualistic/relational societies), to the actors' perspectives (researcher/elderly) and according to the dominant approach (biomedical/holistic). Several models have also been identified: some are specific to a scientific domain and rely on a unique marker of well aging; others are multicriterion and embrace a broader field. Psychosocial factors are the most frequent determinants addressed by models. Among these factors, social and personal resources can be mobilized and learned, contrarily to the less modifiable personality traits. In summary, the << well aging >> framework offers a unique opportunity to identify and to reinforce positive aspects in the aging process. However, the integration of the various models, more complementary than opposite, into only one meta-model remains a task to be done by researchers for a better effectiveness of << well aging >> promotion programs.
Gangbè
Marcellin
M
Centre de recherche, Institut universitaire de gériatrie de Montréal, 4565, chemin Queen-Mary, Montréal (Québec), H3W 1W5 Canada. marcellin.gangbe@umontreal.ca
Ducharme
Francine
F
D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology* / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D011584:Psychology