title: Clinical and biomechanical assessment of patella resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Currently there is a limited understanding of the factors influencing range of motion by comparing patellar resurfacing vs non-resurfacing in total knee arthroplasty during activities of daily living. A recent meta-analysis of patellar replacement confirms better outcome with patella resurfacing; however, the result can be influenced by many other factors, such as: component design, surgeon experience, and technical aspects of the surgery. This study compares the biomechanics of the knee in patients after total knee arthroplasty with and without patellar resurfacing during stair climbing.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-seven patients with total knee arthroplasty were assessed at the mean follow-up of 24 months. In all of them a posterior stabilised fixed bearing prosthesis (Optetrak PS, Exactech) was implanted. Twenty-six patients were treated without patellar resurfacing and 21 with patellar resurfacing. Clinical evaluations were performed using the International Knee Society and the Hospital for Special Surgery scores. Ten patients with patellar resurfacing and 10 patients without patellar resurfacing were also studied with motion analysis during stair climbing; 10 healthy subjects were studied for statistical comparison.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clinical passive knee flexion, International Knee Society Function and Hospital for Special Surgery scores were significantly higher in the patellar resurfacing group. During stair climbing, active knee joint range of motion during the stance phase was greater in patients with patellar resurfacing. The maximum adduction moment was significantly higher in the group without patellar resurfacing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with patellar resurfacing demonstrated better clinical scores, and kinematic and kinetic data while ascending stairs.
authors.affiliation: Movement Analysis Laboratory, Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Istituti Ortopedici Rizzoli, Via di Barbiano 1/10, 40136 Bologna, Italy. lisa.berti@ior.it
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Berti
authors.forename: Maria Grazia
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Benedetti
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ensini
authors.forename: Fabio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Catani
authors.forename: Sandro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Giannini
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D019645:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Knee / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D019544:Equipment Failure Analysis; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait; D006801:Humans; D007719:Knee Joint / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D007720:Knee Prosthesis; D008297:Male; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D010329:Patella / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D013499:Surface Properties; D016896:Treatment Outcome