title: Current treatment options for atrial flutter and results with cryocatheter ablation.
abstract: Rhythm disturbances arising in the upper chambers of the heart are not uncommon. They are associated with a heavy burden of illness for the affected individual, as well as society in general. Atrial flutter, a re-entrant atrial tachycardia, is one such rhythm disturbance. The objective of this review article is twofold: first, to provide a brief insight into atrial flutter and the typical treatments for this arrhythmia in clinical practice; and second, to give an in-depth account of cryocatheter ablation as a relatively new treatment option for this potentially debilitating condition. The many recent clinical studies documenting the use of cryocatheter ablation for treatment of atrial flutter are presented, and their results briefly discussed. Overall, as cryocatheter ablation embeds itself among the arsenal of treatments for atrial flutter, the promising results from clinical studies appear destined to elevate cryocatheter ablation to a premier position among the treatment options for atrial flutter.
authors.affiliation: MultiMedica General Hospital, Via Milanese 300, 20099, Sesto S. Giovanni, Milan, Italy. montenero@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Annibale S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Montenero
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Andrew
mesh_terms: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001282:Atrial Flutter / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods*; D017281:Cost of Illness; D003452:Cryosurgery / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents