title: Glutathione and growth inhibition of Mycobacterium tuberculosis in healthy and HIV infected subjects.
abstract: Intracellular levels of glutathione are depleted in patients with acquired immunodeficiency syndrome in whom the risk of tuberculosis, particularly disseminated disease is many times that of healthy individuals. In this study, we examined the role of glutathione in immunity against tuberculosis infection in samples derived from healthy and human immunodeficiency virus infected subjects. Our studies confirm that glutathione levels are reduced in peripheral blood mononuclear cells and in red blood cells isolated from human immunodeficiency virus-infected subjects (CD4>400/cumm). Furthermore, treatment of blood cultures from human immunodeficiency virus infected subjects with N-acetyl cysteine, a glutathione precursor, caused improved control of intracellular M. tuberculosis infection. N-acetyl cysteine treatment decreased the levels of IL-1, TNF-alpha, and IL-6, and increased the levels of IFN-gamma in blood cultures derived from human immunodeficiency virus-infected subjects, promoting the host immune responses to contain M. tuberculosis infection successfully.
authors.affiliation: Division of Infectious Diseases, UMDNJ-New Jersey Medical School, Newark, NJ 07103, USA. venketvi@umdnj.edu
authors.forename: Vishwanath
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Venketaraman
authors.forename: Tatanisha
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rodgers
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Linares
authors.forename: Nancy
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Reilly
authors.forename: Shobha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Swaminathan
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hom
authors.forename: Ariel C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Millman
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wallis
authors.forename: Nancy D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Connell