title: Phosphate positioning and availability in the starch granule matrix as studied by EPR.
abstract: Cu(2+) was introduced as an EPR probe into the starch granules isolated from different starch crop genotypes including transgenically modified potatoes generated for extreme amylose and starch phosphate monoester concentrations. Several discrete copper adducts bound to the starch matrix with different strength was revealed. It was found that phosphate has a significant influence on the type of these species, their number, location in the structure, and strength of binding. Well dispersed Cu(2+) complexes with axial symmetry are formed in the semicrystalline part of the starch linked through O-P- bonds in the phosphorylated starches. In the amorphous part of the starch, freely rotating hexaaqua complexes of Cu(2+) and complexes coupled antiferromagnetically are formed. The amount of the former increases with content of phosphate indicating enhanced binding of water in the granules. The results complement previous experimental data and molecular models for the starch granule with respect to the location and effects of phosphate and crystalline matter.
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular Plant Physiology, Department of Plant Biology, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, 40 Thorsvaldsensvej, DK 1871 Frederiksberg C. Copenhagen, Denmark. abl@kvl.dk
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Blennow
authors.forename: Karen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Houborg
authors.forename: Roger
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Andersson
authors.forename: Ewa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bidzińska
authors.forename: Krystyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Dyrek
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Labanowska
mesh_terms: D000688:Amylose / Q000378:metabolism; D002152:Calorimetry, Differential Scanning; D003300:Copper / Q000737:chemistry; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy / Q000379:methods*; D004952:Esters / Q000737:chemistry; D005838:Genotype; D007477:Ions; D008280:Magnetics; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D010710:Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D011198:Solanum tuberosum / Q000378:metabolism; D013213:Starch / Q000737:chemistry; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D004952:Esters; D007477:Ions; D010710:Phosphates; D014867:Water; D003300:Copper; D013213:Starch; D000688:Amylose