Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting: state of the art in 2006.
Chemotherapy-induced nausea and vomiting (CINV) remains a significant detriment to patient quality of life and a major impediment to successful delivery of chemotherapy. CINV is generally categorized in three phases: acute (0-24 hours post treatment), delayed (24-120 hours post treatment), and anticipatory. Two agents represents an important step forward in the clinician's ability to control CINV. Palonosetron, a serotonin-receptor antagonist, and aprepitant, a neurokinin-1 receptor antagonist, have both shown efficacy in combating emesis in the acute and delayed phases; since these two agents are of different drug classes, there is the potential for augmented antiemetic efficacy when the two are used together, as shown in a recent phase III trial. Challenges remain in the prevention of CINV, such as improved detection, the development of clinically useful assessment tools, and the revision of treatment guidelines.
Schwartzberg
Lee
L
The West Clinic, Memphis, Tennessee 38120, USA. lschwartzberg@westclinic.com
D000932:Antiemetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000077608:Aprepitant; D006801:Humans; D007546:Isoquinolines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008495:Medical Oncology / Q000639:trends; D009025:Morpholines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009325:Nausea / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy; D000077924:Palonosetron; D011788:Quality of Life; D011812:Quinuclidines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014839:Vomiting / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000188:drug therapy
D000932:Antiemetics; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D007546:Isoquinolines; D009025:Morpholines; D011812:Quinuclidines; D000077608:Aprepitant; D000077924:Palonosetron