title: Activation of transferrin receptor 1 by c-Myc enhances cellular proliferation and tumorigenesis.
abstract: Overexpression of transferrin receptor 1 (TFRC1), a major mediator of iron uptake in mammalian cells, is a common feature of human malignancies. Therapeutic strategies designed to interfere with tumor iron metabolism have targeted TFRC1. The c-Myc oncogenic transcription factor stimulates proliferation and growth by activating thousands of target genes. Here we demonstrate that TFRC1 is a critical downstream target of c-Myc. Using in vitro and in vivo models of B-cell lymphoma, we show that TFRC1 expression is activated by c-Myc. Chromatin immunoprecipitation experiments reveal that c-Myc directly binds a conserved region of TFRC1. In light of these findings, we sought to determine whether TFRC1 is required for c-Myc-mediated cellular proliferation and cell size control. TFRC1 inhibition decreases cellular proliferation and results in G1 arrest without affecting cell size. Consistent with these findings, expression profiling reveals that TFRC1 depletion alters expression of genes that regulate the cell cycle. Furthermore, enforced TFRC1 expression confers a growth advantage to cells and significantly enhances the rate of c-Myc-mediated tumor formation in vivo. These findings provide a molecular basis for increased TFRC1 expression in human tumors, illuminate the role of TFRC1 in the c-Myc target gene network, and support strategies that target TFRC1 for cancer therapy.
authors.affiliation: Program in Human Genetics and Molecular Biology, The Johns Hopkins School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA.
authors.forename: Kathryn A
authors.initials: KA
authors.lastname: O'Donnell
authors.forename: Duonan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Karen I
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Zeller
authors.forename: Jung-Whan
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Frederick
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Racke
authors.forename: Andrei
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Thomas-Tikhonenko
authors.forename: Chi V
authors.initials: CV
authors.lastname: Dang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000235:genetics; D015197:Carcinogenicity Tests; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D047369:Chromatin Immunoprecipitation; D006801:Humans; D007502:Iron Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000235:genetics / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D010802:Phylogeny; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; C068126:CD71 antigen; D007502:Iron Chelating Agents; C489427:MYC protein, human; D016271:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-myc; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin; C480029:Tfrc protein, mouse