title: Blood flow imaging--A new real-time, 2-D flow imaging technique.
abstract: This paper presents a new method for the visualization of two-dimensional (2-D) blood flow in ultrasound imaging systems called blood flow imaging (BFI). Conventional methods of color flow imaging (CFI) and power Doppler (PD) techniques are limited as the velocity component transversal to the ultrasound beam cannot be estimated from the received Doppler signal. The BFI relies on the preservation and display of the speckle pattern originating from the blood flow scatterer signal, and it provides qualitative information of the blood flow distribution and movement in any direction of the image. By displaying speckle pattern images acquired with a high frame rate in slow motion, the blood flow movement can be visually tracked from frame to frame. The BFI is easily combined with conventional CFI and PD methods, and the resulting display modes have been shown to have several advantages compared to CFI or PD methods alone. Two different display modes have been implemented: one combining BFI with conventional CFI, and one combining BFI with PD. Initial clinical trials have been performed to assess the clinical usefulness of BFI. The method especially has potential in vascular imaging, but it also shows potential in other clinical applications.
authors.affiliation: Department of Circulation and Medical Imaging, Trondheim, Norway. lasse.lovstakken@ntnu.no
authors.forename: Lasse
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Løvstakken
authors.forename: Steinar
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bjaerum
authors.forename: Ditlef
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Martens
authors.forename: Hans
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Torp
mesh_terms: D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology*; D003199:Computer Systems; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler / Q000379:methods*; D018056:Hemorheology / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity