title: A method for the analysis of ginsenosides, malonyl ginsenosides, and hydrolyzed ginsenosides using high-performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet and positive mode electrospray ionization mass spectrometric detection.
abstract: A high-performance liquid chromatographic separation coupled to diode array absorbance and positive mode electrospray mass spectrometric detection has been developed for the analysis of ginsenosides, malonyl ginsenosides, and hydrolyzed ginsenosides in extracts of Asian ginseng (Panax ginseng) and American ginseng (P. quinquefolius). The method is capable of separating, identifying, and quantifying the predominant ginsenosides found in heated alcoholic extracts of Asian and American ginseng roots routinely sold as nutraceuticals. It also separates and identifies the malonyl ginsenosides often found in cold alcoholic extracts of ginseng root and has the potential to quantify these compounds if pure standards are available. Furthermore, it can separate and identify ginsenoside hydrolysis products such as those readily produced in situations mimicking gastric situations, including those used for dissolution studies (i.e., 0.1 N HCl, 37 degrees C).
authors.affiliation: Novokin Biotech Inc., Analytical Department, 108 Advanced Technology Centre, 9650 20th Ave NW, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada. duff@novokin.com
authors.forename: Brian Duff
authors.initials: BD
authors.lastname: Sloley
authors.forename: Yi-Chan James
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Ridgway
authors.forename: Hugh Alexander
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Semple
authors.forename: Yun Kau
authors.initials: YK
authors.lastname: Tam
authors.forename: Ronald Thomson
authors.initials: RT
authors.lastname: Coutts
authors.forename: Raimar
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lobenberg
authors.forename: Nuzhat
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tam-Zaman
mesh_terms: D000438:Alcohols / Q000737:chemistry; D002623:Chemistry Techniques, Analytical / Q000379:methods*; D002845:Chromatography; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods*; D036145:Ginsenosides / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry*; D006868:Hydrolysis; D008956:Models, Chemical; D005894:Panax / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000378:metabolism; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays
chemical_list: D000438:Alcohols; D036145:Ginsenosides