title: First-trimester trophoblast cell model gene response to hypoxia.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Trophoblast invasion, which sets the stage for placentation and pregnancy outcome, likely occurs in a hypoxic environment. We used microarray technology in a trophoblast cell line to identify hypoxia-responsive genes that may impact placentation.
  
  
  METHODS
  An immortalized extravillous cytotrophoblast cell line, HTR-8/SVneo, was exposed to normoxia (20% oxygen) or hypoxia (1% oxygen) for 6 hours. Total RNA was harvested and prepared for microarray study. Quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction was performed for array confirmation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We confirmed the up- and down-regulation of 10 hypoxia-responsive genes using quantitative reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction. Ontologic gene categories that were found to be hypoxia-responsive included motility/migration, angiogenesis, and apoptosis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Specific genes that were found to be up-regulated in this first-trimester array (such as plasminogen activator inhibitor-1 and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase 3) have been described in preeclampsia. The hypoxia-responsive genes that we identified may be physiologic in early pregnancy. However, up-regulation of these same genes in later pregnancy augurs poorly.
authors.affiliation: Division of Maternal-Fetal Medicine, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, New York University School of Medicine, New York, NY, USA. koklan01@med.nyu.edu
authors.forename: Nikki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Koklanaris
authors.forename: Jerome C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Nwachukwu
authors.forename: S Joseph
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Seth
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guller
authors.forename: Ksenia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Karpisheva
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garabedian
authors.forename: Men-Jean
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000235:genetics*; D002460:Cell Line; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D046228:Microarray Analysis; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000166:cytology*