Effect of diesel exhaust particles on mRNA expression of viral and bacterial receptors in rat lung epithelial L2 cells.
Epidemiological studies have shown that particulate matter (PM) is associated with adverse respiratory health effects. Although infection in the respiratory organ is one of the most important health risks the association of infection with PM is not fully understood. As we had hypothesized that diesel exhaust particles (DEP), one of the major component of PM, may induce the expression of receptors for viruses and bacteria at invasion sites, we studied the effect of DEP on the mRNA expression of intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1), low-density lipoprotein (LDL) and platelet-activating factor (PAF) receptors, which are invasion sites of virus and bacteria, on rat lung epithelial cells. The real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR) method was used for the evaluation. All of these mRNAs were up-regulated by 3, 10, and 30 microg/ml of DEP in a concentration-dependent manner. The up-regulation of each was associated with the mRNA expression of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1), a marker of oxidative stress. Our present results show that DEP up-regulated the mRNA expression of viral and bacterial receptors. This up-regulation might be associated with DEP-induced oxidative stress. These results thus suggest that DEP may enhance the risk of pneumonia by increasing the density of bacterial and viral invasion sites in the lungs.
Ito
Tsuyoshi
T
Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, University of Tsukuba, 1-1-1 Tennohdai, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan. itsuyo@jari.or.jp
Okumura
Hiroki
H
Tsukue
Naomi
N
Kobayashi
Takahiro
T
Honda
Katsuya
K
Sekizawa
Kiyohisa
K
D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D008168:Lung / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000378:metabolism; D011024:Pneumonia, Viral / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D051381:Rats; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D011973:Receptors, LDL / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D015854:Up-Regulation; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000633:toxicity*
D000393:Air Pollutants; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D011973:Receptors, LDL; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; C039351:platelet activating factor receptor; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1