title: Marinobacter algicola sp. nov., isolated from laboratory cultures of paralytic shellfish toxin-producing dinoflagellates.
abstract: Phylogenetic and phenotypic analysis of cultivable marine bacteria isolated from laboratory cultures of two paralytic shellfish toxin-producing dinoflagellates, Gymnodinium catenatum and Alexandrium tamarense, showed the presence of a novel group of Gram-negative, aerobic, moderately halophilic and hydrocarbon-degrading bacteria, related to the genus Marinobacter. The strains, designated DG893T, DG1136 and ATAM407-13, grew optimally in media with 3-6 % NaCl and at 25-30 degrees C, and all could utilize n-hexadecane and n-tetradecane as the sole carbon source. The strains had a 16S rRNA gene sequence similarity of 94.2-94.3 % to Marinobacter hydrocarbonoclasticus ATCC 27132, and a similarity of 97.5-97.8 % to the closest phylogenetically related type strain, Marinobacter flavimaris DSM 16070T. DNA-DNA hybridization levels to M. flavimaris and other Marinobacter type strains were < or = 42 %, while DNA-DNA reassociation values among DG893T, DG1136 and ATAM407-13 were > or = 83 %. The DNA G + C content was 54-55 mol% and the major isoprenoid quinone was ubiquinone-9. On the basis of phenotypic, chemotaxonomic, DNA-DNA hybridization and phylogenetic analysis, it is proposed that these three strains represent a novel species, Marinobacter algicola sp. nov. The type strain is DG893T (= DSM 16394T = NCIMB 14009T).
authors.affiliation: Scottish Association for Marine Science, Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Oban, Argyll PA37 1QA, UK.
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Green
authors.affiliation: Australian Food Safety Centre, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Australia.
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bowman
authors.affiliation: Fisheries Research Services Marine Laboratory, Aberdeen AB11 9DB, UK.
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Smith
authors.affiliation: Scottish Association for Marine Science, Dunstaffnage Marine Laboratory, Oban, Argyll PA37 1QA, UK.
authors.forename: Tony
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Gutierrez
authors.affiliation: School of Aquaculture, University of Tasmania, Launceston, Australia.
authors.forename: Christopher J S
authors.initials: CJS
authors.lastname: Bolch
mesh_terms: D034241:Alteromonadaceae / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry; D004141:Dinoflagellida / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000472:pathogenicity; D009693:Nucleic Acid Hybridization; D010641:Phenotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S / Q000235:genetics; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D012336:RNA, Ribosomal, 16S