title: Role of PAX2 gene polymorphisms in Henoch-Schonlein purpura nephritis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the distribution of polymorphisms in the PAX2 gene in children with Henoch-Schonlein purpura with and without nephritis (HSPN and HSP, respectively), with particular attention to the relationship between PAX2 gene polymorphisms and the development of kidney pathology.
  
  
  METHODS
  Genomic DNA was extracted from the peripheral leukocytes of 39 HSPN patients, 23 HSP patients without nephritis and 100 normal children, and three known single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNP), including 1410C>T, 1521A>C and 1544C>T in exon 8 and exon 9 of the PAX2 gene were studied as the candidate polymorphisms. The above two exons were amplified, the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products were detected by denatured high-pressure liquid chromatography and direct DNA sequencing was performed for sequences with abnormal elution peaks.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all samples confirmed by direct sequencing, we identified two SNP, which present as complete linkage haplotype 1410C>T + 1521A>C, in exon 8. We did not identify any SNP in exon 9. The frequency of the PAX2 heterozygous genotype 1410CT/1521AC in the HSPN group (28.20%) was significantly higher than in the HSP without HSPN group (4.35%) or in the control group (12.00%) (P < 0.05). The odds ratio (OR) values for HSPN and HSP were 6.05 and 2.62, respectively, and the 95% confidence intervals (CI) were 1.23-29.78 and 1.09-6.30, respectively. However, no differences in the frequency distribution was found between the HSP without nephritis and normal groups. Furthermore, there was no significant correlation between the polymorphism and clinical manifestation or kidney pathology in the HSPN group (P > 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The 1410CT/1521AC PAX2 genotype does not increase susceptibility for HSP, but is likely to increase the susceptibility of kidney involvement, resulting in a HSPN diagnosis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Pediatric Nephrology, The Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha, China. csuxyyzw@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Zhu-Wen
authors.initials: ZW
authors.lastname: Yi
authors.forename: Xiang-Ling
authors.initials: XL
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Xiao-Chuan
authors.initials: XC
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Xiao-Jie
authors.initials: XJ
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Qing-Nan
authors.initials: QN
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Xi-Qiang
authors.initials: XQ
authors.lastname: Dang
authors.forename: Cui-Ping
authors.initials: CP
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Shuang-Hong
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Mo
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011695:IgA Vasculitis / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D009393:Nephritis / Q000150:complications / Q000235:genetics*; D051762:PAX2 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D051762:PAX2 Transcription Factor; C497318:PAX2 protein, human