title: Inflammation, insulin resistance and carotid IMT in first degree relatives of north Indian type 2 diabetic subjects.
abstract: Inflammation is associated with insulin resistance, atherosclerosis and type 2 diabetes but whether it causes insulin resistance and accelerated atherosclerosis or an epiphenomena of insulin resistance is not clear. Thirty-eight young normoglycemic, non-obese, first degree relatives of type 2 diabetic subjects (FH(+)) and 38 control subjects without family history of diabetes (FH(-)) (age and sex matched), were studied to determine difference in inflammatory markers, insulin resistance and carotid intima-media thickness (IMT). Plasma glucose, insulin (fasting and 2h after 75gm oral glucose) lipids and serum levels of C-reactive protein (CRP), tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha and fibrinogen were measured after an overnight fast of 10-12h. First degree relative group (FH(+)) have higher BMI (p<0.05), composite IMT (p<0.05) and CRP level (p<0.05), however, after adjustment for BMI, the two groups did not significantly differ. Fibrinogen was not significantly correlated with composite IMT in FH(+) group after controlling with BMI. In FH(+) group composite IMT was significantly correlated with systolic blood pressure (p<0.05), LDL-cholesterol (p<0.05), postprandial insulin level (p<0.05) and HOMA-IR (p<0.05) after adjustment of BMI. Thus insulin resistance is a major determinant of atherosclerosis in subjects with high risk of type 2 diabetes showing the strong relationship between inflammation, obesity and insulin resistance.
authors.affiliation: Endocrinology Division, Department of Medicine, J.N. Medical College, Aligarh Muslim University, Aligarh 202002, India. jamalahmad11@rediffmail.com
authors.forename: Jamal
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ahmad
authors.forename: Faiz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Mohammad A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Siddiqui
authors.forename: Basharat
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hameed
authors.forename: Ibne
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ahmad
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001794:Blood Pressure; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000175:diagnosis; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D017540:Tunica Media / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002097:C-Reactive Protein