title: Prevalence of Neisseria Gonorrhoeae among men screened for Chlamydia Trachomatis in four United States cities, 1999-2003.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Neisseria gonorrhoeae infections are the second most commonly reported disease in the United States and cause significant morbidity. We describe the prevalence of gonorrhea in a large sample of men tested for gonorrhea and Chlamydia trachomatis in Baltimore, Denver, San Francisco, and Seattle.
  
  
  METHODS
  Gonorrhea prevalence was measured among 17,712 men tested in a variety of non-sexually transmitted disease (STD) clinic venues using urine-based nucleic acid amplification tests.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 16,850 asymptomatic men, prevalence ranged from 0% to 1.5% by city (P=0.20): Baltimore 1.3%, Denver 1.5%, San Francisco 1.5%, and Seattle 0%. Among 862 symptomatic men, the gonorrhea prevalence varied from 0.0% to 28.3% by city (P<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high prevalence of gonorrhea in symptomatic men supports the importance of testing for symptomatic men. The prevalence of gonorrhea among asymptomatic men is low, and routine screening cannot be recommended when screening is performed for chlamydia, unless a substantial local prevalence of gonorrhea can be documented in specific targeted venues or population groups.
authors.affiliation: Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland 21205, USA. cgaydos@jhmi.edu
authors.forename: Charlotte Ann
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Gaydos
authors.forename: Charlotte Kathleen
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Kent
authors.forename: Cornelis Arthur
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Rietmeijer
authors.forename: Nancy Jo
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Willard
authors.forename: Jeanne Marisa
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Marrazzo
authors.forename: Johanna Beach
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Chapin
authors.forename: Eileen Frances
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Dunne
authors.forename: Lauri Ellen
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Markowitz
authors.forename: Jeffrey David
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Klausner
authors.forename: Jonathan Mark
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Ellen
authors.forename: Julia Ann
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Schillinger
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002690:Chlamydia Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D002692:Chlamydia trachomatis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005260:Female; D006069:Gonorrhea / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D009344:Neisseria gonorrhoeae / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014504:Urban Health