title: GHz apertureless near-field scanning optical microscopy of ferroelectric nanodomain dynamics.
abstract: Nanoscale domain dynamics of (Ba,Sr)TiO(3) thin films are investigated at microwave frequencies with a home-developed GHz-frequency apertureless near-field scanning optical microscope (GHz-ANSOM). Using a microwave phase-modulation technique, we decoupled topographic artifacts from the optical signal, providing an enhanced and background-free temporal response. Interleaved acquisition of images taken at sequential time intervals provides amplitude and phase information about the electrooptic response at <50 nm spatial resolution and <10 ps temporal resolution. The local microwave response is highly nonuniform in both the amplitude and the phase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physics and Astronomy, University of Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania 15260, USA.
authors.forename: Hongzhou
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: Jeremy
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Levy