title: Analysis of pigmented villonodular synovitis with genome-wide complementary DNA microarray and tissue array technology reveals insight into potential novel therapeutic approaches.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To characterize the gene expression profile and determine potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in pigmented villonodular synovitis (PVNS).
  
  
  METHODS
  Gene expression patterns in 11 patients with PVNS, 18 patients with rheumatoid arthritis (RA), and 19 patients with osteoarthritis (OA) were investigated using genome-wide complementary DNA microarrays. Validation of differentially expressed genes was performed by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction and immunohistochemical analysis on tissue arrays (80 patients with PVNS, 51 patients with RA, and 20 patients with OA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The gene expression profile in PVNS was clearly distinct from those in RA and OA. One hundred forty-one up-regulated genes and 47 down-regulated genes were found in PVNS compared with RA, and 153 up-regulated genes and 89 down-regulated genes were found in PVNS compared with OA (fold change > or = 1.5; Q < or = 0.001). Genes differentially expressed in PVNS were involved in apoptosis regulation, matrix degradation, and inflammation (ALOX5AP, ATP6V1B2, CD53, CHI3L1, CTSL, CXCR4, HSPA8, HSPCA, LAPTM5, MMP9, MOAP1, and SPP1).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The gene expression signature in PVNS is similar to that of activated macrophages and is consistent with the local destructive course of the disease. The gene and protein expression patterns suggest that the ongoing proliferation in PVNS is sustained by apoptosis resistance. This result suggests the possibility of a potential novel therapeutic intervention against PVNS.
authors.affiliation: German Cancer Research Center, Heidelberg, Germany.
authors.forename: Katharina
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Finis
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sültmann
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ruschhaupt
authors.forename: Andreas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Buness
authors.forename: Birgit
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Helmchen
authors.forename: Ruprecht
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kuner
authors.forename: Marie-Luise
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Gross
authors.forename: Bernd
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Fink
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Schirmacher
authors.forename: Annemarie
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Poustka
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Berger
mesh_terms: D001172:Arthritis, Rheumatoid / Q000235:genetics; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D010003:Osteoarthritis / Q000235:genetics; D013586:Synovitis, Pigmented Villonodular / Q000235:genetics* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D015854:Up-Regulation
chemical_list: D018076:DNA, Complementary