title: Single nucleotide polymorphisms of RecQ1, RAD54L, and ATM genes are associated with reduced survival of pancreatic cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Our goal was to determine whether single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in DNA repair genes influence the clinical outcome of pancreatic cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated 13 SNPs of eight DNA damage response and repair genes in 92 patients with potentially resectable pancreatic adenocarcinoma. All patients were treated with neoadjuvant concurrent gemcitabine and radiotherapy with or without a component of induction gemcitabine/cisplatin at The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center (Houston, TX) from February 1999 to August 2004 and observed through August 2005. Response to the pretreatment was assessed by evaluating time to tumor progression and overall survival. Kaplan-Meier plot, log-rank test, and Cox regression were used to compare survival of patients according to genotype.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The RecQ1 A159C, RAD54L C157T, XRCC1 R194W, and ATM T77C genotypes had a significant effect on the overall survival with log-rank P values of .001, .004, .001, and .02, respectively. A strong combined effect of the four genotypes was observed. Patients with none of the adverse genotypes had a mean survival time of 62.1 months, and those with one, two, or three or more at-risk alleles had median survival times of 27.5, 14.4, and 9.9 months, respectively (log-rank P < .001). There is a significant interaction between the RecQ1 gene and other genotypes. All four genes except XRCC1 remained as independent predictors of survival in multivariate Cox regression models adjusted for other clinical predictors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These observations support the hypothesis that polymorphic variants of DNA repair genes affect clinical prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology-Unit 426, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX 77230-1402, USA. dli@mdanderson.org
authors.forename: Donghui
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Marsha
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frazier
authors.forename: Douglas B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Evans
authors.forename: Kenneth R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Hess
authors.forename: Christopher H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Crane
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jiao
authors.forename: James L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Abbruzzese
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic / Q000627:therapeutic use; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics*; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000235:genetics*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D003841:Deoxycytidine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics* / Q000401:mortality; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics*; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D053484:RecQ Helicases; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D000093542:Gemcitabine
chemical_list: D000964:Antimetabolites, Antineoplastic; D018797:Cell Cycle Proteins; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D003841:Deoxycytidine; C576324:ATM protein, human; D064007:Ataxia Telangiectasia Mutated Proteins; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; C506725:RECQL protein, human; D004265:DNA Helicases; C103532:RAD54L protein, human; D053484:RecQ Helicases; D000093542:Gemcitabine