title: Clinical significance of the electrophysiologic study (EPS)-guided therapy for the secondary prevention of ventricular tachycardia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although electrophysiologic study (EPS) is one of the most reliable methods for selecting preventive therapy for patients with sustained ventricular tachycardia (VT), VT may recur during EPS-guided effective therapy; therefore, the importance of implantable cardioverter-defibrillator (ICD) has been emphasized. In this study, the prognoses of VT patients were evaluated to clarify the importance of EPS-guided therapy for the secondary prevention of VT.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study population consisted of 99 consecutive patients with a history of sustained VT, which was inducible in EPS. The VT induction protocol used 1-3 extrastimuli and rapid ventricular pacing at 2 right ventricular sites and included additional isoproterenol infusion. ICD implantation was applied to all patients with an episode of hemodynamically unstable VT, regardless of the result of preventive therapy. For preventive therapy, an antiarrhythmic drug and/or catheter ablation were selected, and they were defined as being effective in the EPS-guided therapy when the induction of VT was completely prevented. When no therapy was effective for prevention, an antiarrhythmic drug was prescribed under ICD implantation. During the follow-up period of 19+/-20 months, VT recurred in 17 of 32 patients (53%) in the ineffective group and in 10 of 67 patients (15%) in the effective group (p=0.0001). The therapies used in the effective group were class I antiarrhythmic drug in 9, class III in 15, and catheter ablation in 35 patients. Between the patients with and without VT recurrence, there were no significant differences in the left ventricular ejection fraction and the maximum number of repetitive ventricular responses that remained in VT induction in EPS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although VT may recur in up to 15% of patients with EPS-guided effective therapy, the recurrence rate was significantly reduced in comparison to that in the ineffective group. EPS-guided therapy may be useful to reduce the clinical recurrence of VT, as well as the action of ICD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Angio-Cardiology, Kitasato University School of Medicine, Sagamihara, Japan. yuge@pg7.so-net.ne.jp
authors.forename: Masaru
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yuge
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Niwano
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Moriguchi
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
authors.forename: Shoji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hirasawa
authors.forename: Ryuta
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Imaki
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Tohru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Izumi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000638:Amiodarone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D017115:Catheter Ablation / Q000379:methods; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D022062:Electrophysiologic Techniques, Cardiac / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D055502:Secondary Prevention; D017180:Tachycardia, Ventricular / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000628:therapy*; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy; D016276:Ventricular Function / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D000638:Amiodarone