title: Effects of n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid on upper limit of vulnerability shocks.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Ventricular fibrillation (VF) can be induced when a strong shock is delivered during the vulnerable period of a cardiac cycle. VF, however, cannot be induced if the shock strength is increased to the "upper limit of vulnerability" (ULV) level. Docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) has been shown to prevent the occurrence of VF after coronary occlusion. However, its effects on the ULV have not been verified. We tested the hypothesis that ULV shock strength is decreased after DHA administration.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 10 pigs, 10 S1s (square, 5-ms) were delivered from the RV apex electrode at 300 ms cycle length. Shocks (S2, biphasic) were delivered from the RV-SVC electrodes after the last S1. The ULV was determined using an up/down protocol. In group 1 (n = 5), after the control ULV was determined at the beginning of the study, a solution containing 1.0 gm of DHA was infused intravenously within 90 min. The ULV (DHA-ULV) was determined again after the end of infusion. In group 2 (n = 5), the vehicle for DHA was infused instead of DHA to confirm that the vehicle did not have an effect on the ULV.
  
  
  RESULTS
  DHA-ULV (412 +/- 58 V, 12 +/- 3 J) was significantly decreased (P < 0.04) compared to the control ULV (478 +/- 32 V, 16 +/- 3 J). The ULV before (483 +/- 28 V, 16 +/- 1 J) and after (463 +/- 28 V, 15 +/- 2 J) the vehicle infusion was not different (P = 0.4). There was no change in the systolic blood pressure as well as heart rate in both groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  DHA significantly decreases the ULV (13% by voltage and 25% by energy), suggesting that DHA can help to prevent VF induced by a strong stimulus delivered during the vulnerable period.
authors.affiliation: Cardiac Electrophysiology Unit, and Cardiac Electrophysiology Research and Training Center, Faculty of Medicine, Chiang Mai University, Chiang Mai, Thailand. nchattip@mail.med.cmu.ac.th
authors.forename: Nipon
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chattipakorn
authors.forename: Krekwit
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shinlapawittayatorn
authors.forename: Rattapong
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sungnoon
authors.forename: Siriporn C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Chattipakorn
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004597:Electroshock; D006329:Heart Conduction System / Q000187:drug effects*; D013552:Swine; D014693:Ventricular Fibrillation / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids