title: Deaths from drug overdose and toxicity in Turkey: 1997-2001.
abstract: Turkey is located on the main overland connection between Asia and Europe, making the country potentially vulnerable to drug trafficking and its associated harms. The aim of the present study is to explore the frequency of all deaths from drug overdose and toxicity in Turkey and to describe some of the characteristics of these deaths. We collected data on all deaths from drugs in Turkey between 1997 and 2001 using records from the Council of Forensic Medicine. Data obtained from autopsy reports were retrospectively analyzed. In the present study, 374 deaths from drugs were reported in Turkey, with a mortality rate of 0.17 per 100,000 population. Highest mortality rates were found in Istanbul (0.83) and Gaziantep (0.71). The mean age was 34.0, and most cases (71.7%) were below the age of 40. The proportion of female cases was 13.6%. Opiates were implicated in 91.5% of deaths and benzodiazepines in 25.9%. Two fifths (38.8%) of the cases involved use of more than 1 drug. In 36.6% of cases, the route of final drug administration was by injection. The most common location of death was at a home (33.7%). Interventions to reduce drug use nationally are urgently required. International cooperation in social-educational activities, scientific research, and security measures is essential for this war.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Medicine, Kocaeli, Turkey. colakbasar@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Başar
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Colak
authors.forename: Lokman
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Başer
authors.forename: Nesime
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Yayci
authors.forename: Nilay
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Etiler
authors.forename: Mehmet Akif
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Inanici
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D001463:Barbiturates / Q000506:poisoning; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000506:poisoning; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000506:poisoning; D062787:Drug Overdose / Q000401:mortality; D000431:Ethanol / Q000506:poisoning; D005260:Female; D005554:Forensic Medicine; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009294:Narcotics / Q000506:poisoning; D012042:Registries; D017678:Sex Distribution; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000401:mortality*; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D001463:Barbiturates; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D009294:Narcotics; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D000431:Ethanol