title: Integrated electromyography and performance outcomes to inertial resistance exercise.
abstract: Integrated electromyography (IEMG) and performance outcomes from resistance exercise may be influenced by gender, repetition order, and contractile mode. A novel strength training apparatus employing inertial resistance operates unlike standard exercise equipment and may therefore evoke different IEMG and performance outcomes. Subjects performed 3-set, 10-repetition calf press workouts on an inertial device while IEMG and flywheel velocity were recorded. Dependent variables were examined with 2 (men, women) x 2 (first vs. 10th repetition) x 2 (concentric, eccentric) analyses of variance. Performance outcomes showed gender-by-repetition and gender-by-contractile-mode interactions, with men's 10th-repetition and men's concentric data, respectively, causing these effects. Medial gastrocnemius (MG) IEMG showed a gender-by-repetition interaction resulting from men's first-repetition data. Greater 10th-repetition performance despite higher first-repetition MG IEMG may result from heightened triceps surae elastic energy utilization and/or maintained cross-bridges during transitions from lengthening-to-shortening actions. Inertial strength training may improve performance outcomes without additional motor unit recruitment.
authors.affiliation: Exercise and Sport Sciences Program, The University of Tulsa, Oklahoma 74104, USA. john-caruso@utulsa.edu
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Caruso
authors.forename: Dan A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.forename: Torrey
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Schweikert
authors.forename: Kyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cho
authors.forename: Nicole
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: De Garmo
authors.forename: Natalie M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Nelson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D004576:Electromyography; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000502:physiology*