Immunotherapy, immunochemotherapy and chemotherapy for American cutaneous leishmaniasis treatment.
The first choice of treatment for American cutaneous leishmaniasis is the pentavalent antimonial drug. Although it has been shown that this treatment is mostly effective and indicated, some disadvantages should be taken into account such as side effects, long term treatment inconveniences and counter-indication for patients suffering from cardiopathy, nephropathy; yet, aging, pregnancy and other conditions. With the advent of the vaccine anti-American cutaneous leishmaniasis as a prophylactic measure, studies on therapy using the vaccine associated or not with other drugs have been performed by many investigators and it is currently among the alternative treatments and prevention measures for American cutaneous leishmaniasis. In conclusion, the association between antimony and vaccine (immunochemotherapy) showed the same cure rate when compared with the standard treatment (100%) and it was also able to reduce the salt volume in 17.9% and treatment length from 87 to 62 days, decreasing side effects.
Mayrink
Wilson
W
Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil. wilsonmayrink@uol.com.br
Botelho
Ana Cristina de Carvalho
AC
Magalhães
Paulo Araújo
PA
Batista
Sebastião Mariano
SM
Lima
Antonio de Oliveira
Ade O
Genaro
Odair
O
Costa
Carlos Alberto da
CA
Melo
Maria Norma de
MN
Michalick
Marilene Susan Marques
MS
Williams
Paul
P
Dias
Magno
M
Caiaffa
Waleska Teixeira
WT
Nascimento
Evaldo do
Ed
Machado-Coelho
George Luiz Lins
GL
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D007891:Leishmania / Q000276:immunology; D016773:Leishmaniasis, Cutaneous / Q000276:immunology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008536:Meglumine / Q000008:administration & dosage; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate; D008875:Middle Aged; D009942:Organometallic Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage; D016052:Protozoan Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000981:Antiprotozoal Agents; D001500:BCG Vaccine; D009942:Organometallic Compounds; D016052:Protozoan Vaccines; D008536:Meglumine; D000077485:Meglumine Antimoniate