title: Cellulose, hemicelluloses, lignin and ash content of some organic materials and their suitability for use as paper pulp supplements.
abstract: Freshwater algal biomass and orange and lemon peels were assessed as tissue paper pulp supplements. Cellulose and hemicellulose contents of algal biomass were 7.1% and 16.3%, respectively, whereas for citrus peels cellulose content ranged from 12.7% to 13.6% and hemicellulose from 5.3% to 6.1%. For all materials, lignin and ash content was 2% or lower, rendering them suitable for use as paper pulp supplements. The addition of algal biomass to paper pulp increased its mechanical strength significantly. However, brightness was adversely affected by chlorophyll. The addition of citrus peels in paper pulp had no effect on breaking length, increased bursting strength and decreased tearing resistance. Brightness was negatively affected at proportions of 10%, because citrus peel particles behave as coloured pigments. The cost of both materials is about 45% lower than that of conventional pulp, resulting in a 0.9-4.5% reduction in final paper price upon their addition to the pulp.
authors.affiliation: Department of Botany, University of Athens, GR 157 84, Athens, Greece. bverv@dictyon.net
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Ververis
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Georghiou
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Danielidis
authors.forename: D G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Hatzinikolaou
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Santas
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Santas
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Corleti
mesh_terms: D018533:Biomass; D002482:Cellulose / Q000737:chemistry*; D002957:Citrus / Q000737:chemistry*; D056890:Eukaryota / Q000737:chemistry*; D008031:Lignin / Q000737:chemistry*; D010209:Paper; D011134:Polysaccharides / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D011134:Polysaccharides; C007916:hemicellulose; D002482:Cellulose; D008031:Lignin