title: Fatty infiltration of the liver. Detection and grading using dual T1 gradient echo sequences on clinical MR system.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the relationship between histopathology results and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) on in and opposed-phase sequences grading of fat deposition within human liver.
  
  
  METHODS
  In and opposed-phase T1-weighted gradient-echo sequences (double echo time 2.3 ms and 4.6 ms) were performed in 25 patients, using a 1.5-T clinical MR imaging system. Fat/water ratio on in- and opposed-phase images of the liver was compared with pathologically defined degree of steatosis. The signal intensity in the images was acquired with operator-defined regions of interest at the same location in both fat and water images and the ratio was calculated by dividing signal intensity of liver in opposed phased sequence on signal intensity of liver in phased sequence. Fat/water ratio and the degree of steatosis were compared using linear regression. The sensitivity and specificity of opposed-phase for diagnosing steatosis were defined by ROC analysis. Furthermore, a correlation between visual signal intensity variation and the degree of steatosis was assessed using Pearson correlation coefficient.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Histology demonstrated fatty liver infiltrations in 81% of specimens. The percentage of fatty hepatocytes was 28 +/- 30%. Fat/water ratio was significantly correlated with the pathologic grading of steatosis (r = 0.816, P < 0.001). The opposed phase MR imaging sensibility and specificity for the diagnosis of hepatic steatosis were respectively 80% and 71%. We obtained a statistically significant correlation between visual SIV and fatty liver grading (P = 0.017).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We demonstrated a significant correlation between fat/water ratio and histological findings for the detection and grading of fatty liver.
authors.affiliation: Département d'Imagerie Digestive, Hôpital Edouard Herriot, Lyon. frank.pilleul@chu-lyon.fr
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pilleul
authors.forename: Géraldine
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chave
authors.forename: Jérome
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dumortier
authors.forename: Jean-Yves
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Scoazec
authors.forename: Pierre-Jean
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Valette
mesh_terms: D000273:Adipose Tissue; D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D005234:Fatty Liver / Q000145:classification* / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D014867:Water