title: Sex differences in early mortality of patients undergoing primary stenting for acute myocardial infarction.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Limited information exists regarding the impact of gender on in-hospital outcome after primary stenting for acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 2,981 patients (790 women and 2,191 men) participated in the study who were admitted within 24 h after symptom onset and underwent emergency primary stenting for AMI. Compared with men, women were significantly older; had higher incidences of hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia, Killip class > or =2, and cardiogenic shock; had a higher blood glucose level and a lower serum creatinine level on admission. Other baseline characteristics, including the incidences of ST-segment elevation AMI, anterior infarction, 3-vessel disease, initial or final Thrombolysis in Myocardial Infarction (TIMI) flow grade did not significantly differ between the sexes. The in-hospital mortality rate was significantly higher in women than in men (9.4% vs 5.2%, p<0.001). On multivariate analysis, age, Killip class, blood glucose level, serum creatinine level, and final TIMI grade were independent predictors of in-hospital death, but female gender was not (odds ratio 1.01, p=0.69).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings suggest that in patients undergoing primary stenting for AMI, women have higher in-hospital mortality than men, but female gender itself is not independently associated with increased in-hospital mortality after adjustment for baseline differences.
authors.affiliation: Division of Cardiology, Yokohama City University Medical Center, Japan.
authors.forename: Masami
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kosuge
authors.forename: Kazuo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kimura
authors.forename: Sunao
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kojima
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Masaharu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ishihara
authors.forename: Yujiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Asada
authors.forename: Chuwa
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tei
authors.forename: Shunichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Miyazaki
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sonoda
authors.forename: Kazufumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tsuchihashi
authors.forename: Masakazu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yamagishi
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Mutsunori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Shirai
authors.forename: Hisatoyo
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hiraoka
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Inoue
authors.forename: Fumio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Hisao
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ogawa
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D005260:Female; D017052:Hospital Mortality; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000150:complications; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000401:mortality* / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012727:Sex Characteristics; D015607:Stents; D016896:Treatment Outcome