title: Effects of level of feed intake and Fusarium toxin-contaminated wheat on rumen fermentation as well as on blood and milk parameters in cows.
abstract: The aims of this study were to examine the effects of and possible interactions between dry matter (DM) intake and feeding Fusarium toxin-contaminated wheat on ruminal fermentation, serum chemical parameters and milk yield of dairy cows. Fourteen dairy cows equipped with ruminal and duodenal cannulas were analysed. All animals were fed the same ration, the daily feed amounts being adjusted to current performance. On DM basis, the ration consisted of 60% concentrate including 55% wheat [Fusarium-contaminated wheat (mycotoxin period) or control wheat (control period)] and was completed with 40% maize and grass silage. Each cow was fed the contaminated wheat [deoxynivalenol (DON), 8.21 mg/kg DM and zearalenone (ZON), 0.09 mg/kg DM] and the control wheat (0.25 mg DON/kg DM and 51 microg ZON/kg DM). As expected, a higher organic matter (OM) intake decreased the amounts of fermented crude nutrients related to the respective intakes. An increased amount of crude protein degraded (p < 0.05) and a lower molar percentage of propionate in the rumen fluid were observed when feeding the Fusarium toxin-contaminated wheat at increased OM intakes in comparison with the control wheat. The activities of serum aspartate aminotransferase (ASAT; p < 0.001), glutamate dehydrogenase (GLDH; p < 0.01) and gamma glutamyl transferase (gamma-GT; p < 0.01) increased with increasing OM intake and were not related to the mycotoxin contamination of the wheat.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Animal Nutrition, Federal Agricultural Research Centre, FAL, Braunschweig, Germany. karen.seeling@fal.de
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Seeling
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lebzien
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dänicke
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Spilke
authors.forename: K-H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Südekum
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Flachowsky
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001774:Blood Chemical Analysis / Q000662:veterinary; D002417:Cattle / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism*; D004386:Duodenum / Q000378:metabolism; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D002149:Energy Intake; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation / Q000187:drug effects; D005506:Food Contamination; D005670:Fusarium / Q000737:chemistry*; D005969:Glutamate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry; D009183:Mycotoxins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D012417:Rumen / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D014255:Trichothecenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D014908:Triticum / Q000737:chemistry*; D015025:Zearalenone / Q000494:pharmacology; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D009183:Mycotoxins; D014255:Trichothecenes; D015025:Zearalenone; D005969:Glutamate Dehydrogenase; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; C007262:deoxynivalenol