title: Influence of short-term fasting during the luteal phase of the estrous cycle on ovarian follicular development during the ensuing proestrus of ewes.
abstract: Short-term fasting of mature ewes during diestrus results in increased serum concentrations of progesterone and a delayed pre-ovulatory surge release of LH. To determine if these changes in reproductive hormones influence subsequent follicular development, mature ewes observed in estrus were assigned randomly to control (n=10) or fasted (n=15) groups. Control ewes had ad libitum access to feed, whereas fasted ewes were not fed from day 7 through 11 of their estrous cycle. Daily blood samples were collected from control and fasted ewes throughout the fasting period. Fasting increased (P<0.001) serum concentrations of progesterone (4.4 ng/mL versus 2.7 ng/mL [+/-0.3]). On day 12, all ewes were treated with 10mg of PGF(2alpha) and fasted ewes were returned to ad libitum feed. Ovaries were collected from ewes (n=5 each group) at 0 and 72 h following PGF(2alpha) in control and 0, 72 and 96 h in fasted ewes. Ovaries were weighed and small (< or =2mm), medium (3-4mm), and large (> or =5mm) follicles were enumerated. Total numbers of follicles were less (P<0.001) in fasted than fed ewes (14.6 versus 30.2 [+/-2.2]) at 0 h, but did not differ (P=0.9) when numbers of follicles were compared at similar times before the anticipated LH surge (i.e., at 72 h versus 96 h in control and fasted ewes, respectively). Within follicular size class, numbers of small and medium follicles were decreased (P=0.04) at 0 h in fasted ewes. Numbers of large follicles did not differ (P=1.0) between groups. Although numbers of small and medium ovarian follicles in fasted ewes recovered by 96 h to values comparable to fed ewes at 72 h following PGF(2alpha), serum concentrations of estradiol 17beta (P=0.08) and FSH (P=0.06) tended to be decreased in fasted ewes before the anticipated surge release of LH. Pituitary content of LH and FSH also tended to be lower (P< or =0.09) at 96 h in fasted ewes than at 72 h in control ewes, but did not differ (P> or =0.4) at hour 0 following PGF(2alpha). Hypothalamic and stalk median eminence contents of GnRH were not influenced (P> or =0.2) by fasting at any time period. Fasting during the luteal phase perturbs gonadotropin secretion and may influence fertility by causing a delay in ovarian follicle development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Animal Science, University of Wyoming, Dept. 3684, 1000 E. University Avenue, Laramie, WY 82071, USA.
authors.forename: B M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Alexander
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Kiyma
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McFarland
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Van Kirk
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Hallford
authors.forename: D E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Hawkins
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Kane
authors.forename: G E
authors.initials: GE
authors.lastname: Moss
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004958:Estradiol / Q000097:blood; D030762:Estrous Cycle / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000097:blood; D005508:Food Deprivation / Q000502:physiology; D008183:Luteal Phase / Q000502:physiology; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone / Q000097:blood; D006080:Ovarian Follicle / Q000254:growth & development*; D010052:Ovariectomy / Q000662:veterinary; D011374:Progesterone / Q000097:blood; D011897:Random Allocation; D012756:Sheep / Q000097:blood / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D011374:Progesterone; D004958:Estradiol; D007986:Luteinizing Hormone; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone; D015237:Dinoprost