title: Spatial distribution of PAHs in a contaminated valley in Southeast China.
abstract: A survey was conducted on the accumulation and spatial distribution of PAHs in surface soils under different land use patterns in a valley in the Yangtze Delta region with an area of 10 km(2) containing 15 small copper- and zinc-smelting furnaces. Sixty-five topsoil (0-20 cm) samples were collected and 16 PAHs were determined. The average amount of all the 16 PAHs ranged from 0 to 530 microg kg(-1) (oven dry basis), with a mean concentration of 33.2 microg kg(-1). Benzo[a]pyrene and indeno[1, 2, 3, -cd]pyrene were the two main PAHs present at high concentrations, while pyrene and fluorene had very low concentrations. PAH concentrations were higher in uncultivated than in cultivated soils, and areas of woods and shrubbery had the lowest soil PAH contents. The average PAH-homologue concentrations ranked as follows: 5-rings >> 3-rings, 4-rings > 6-rings >2-rings. Much higher concentrations of PAHs were found in the southern part of the sampling area, perhaps due to deposition of airborne particles by the southeasterly winds in winter and spring. We conclude that the small smelting furnaces were the dominant source of PAHs that accumulated in the soils and the southeasterly winds led to the spatial distribution of PAHs in the topsoils. Land vegetation cover and soil utilization patterns also affected the accumulation and distribution of soil PAHs.
authors.affiliation: Soil and Environmental Bioremediation Research Center, State Key Laboratory of Soil and Sustainable Agriculture, Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 210008 Nanjing, China.
authors.forename: Weiqin
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Xing
authors.forename: Yongming
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Longhua
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Qian
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Christie
mesh_terms: D002681:China; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005843:Geography; D006801:Humans; D007220:Industrial Waste; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D025341:Principal Component Analysis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis* / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D007220:Industrial Waste; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical