title: Evaluation of a technique for blind placement of post-pyloric feeding tubes in intensive care: application in patients with gastric ileus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate a blind 'active' technique for the bedside placement of post-pyloric enteral feeding tubes in a critically ill population with proven gastric ileus.
  
  
  METHODS
  An open study to evaluate the success rate and duration of the technique in cardiothoracic and general intensive care units of a tertiary referral hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  20 consecutive, ventilated patients requiring enteral nutrition, where feeding had failed via the gastric route.
  
  
  METHODS
  Previously described insertion technique-the Corpak 10-10-10 protocol-for post-pyloric enteral feeding tube placement, modified after 20 min if placement had not been achieved, by insufflation of air into the stomach to promote pyloric opening.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A standard protocol and a set method to identify final tube position were used in each case. In 90% (18/20) of cases tubes were placed on the first attempt, with an additional tube being successfully placed on the second attempt. The median time for tube placement was 18 min (range 3-55 min). In 20% (4/20) insufflation of air was required to aid trans-pyloric passage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The previously described technique, modified by insufflation of air into the stomach in prolonged attempts to achieve trans-pyloric passage, proved to be an effective and cost efficient method to place post-pyloric enteral feeding tubes. This technique, even in the presence of gastric ileus, could be incorporated by all critical care facilities, without the need for any additional equipment or costs. This approach avoids the costs of additional equipment, time-delays and necessity to transfer the patient from the ICU for the more traditional techniques of endoscopy and radiographic screening.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anaesthesia, Derriford Hospital, PL6 8DH, Plymouth, UK.
authors.forename: Andrew J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Eve
authors.forename: Mark J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Bennett
mesh_terms: D004750:Enteral Nutrition / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D045823:Ileus / Q000503:physiopathology; D007362:Intensive Care Units; D007441:Intubation, Gastrointestinal / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D007583:Jejunum / Q000503:physiopathology; D011708:Pylorus; D012121:Respiration, Artificial; D013272:Stomach Diseases / Q000503:physiopathology; D013514:Surgical Procedures, Operative