title: Immunopotentiation of a foot-and-mouth disease virus subunit vaccine by interferon alpha.
abstract: The adjuvant effect of porcine interferon alpha (pIFN-alpha) was examined in swine vaccinated with a replication-defective adenovirus containing foot-and-mouth disease virus (FMDV) A24 capsid and 3C proteinase coding regions (Ad5-A24). Groups of swine were inoculated with either high or low doses of Ad5-A24 in the presence or absence of Ad5-pIFNalpha or with a control Ad5 and challenged by intradermal inoculation in the heel bulb with FMDV at 42 days post-vaccination. After challenge all control animals developed viremia and lesions. Animals receiving low-dose Ad5-A24 had similar clinical disease, but only three of five animals developed viremia, while addition of IFN resulted in a delayed onset of lesions in three animals and only one animal had detectable viremia. Animals vaccinated with high-dose Ad5-A24 had no viremia, significantly fewer lesions and delayed onset of disease compared to the control and low-dose vaccine groups. Four of five pigs vaccinated with high-dose Ad5-A24 plus IFN were completely protected from disease and only one animal had a lesion which was restricted to the site of challenge. Thus, pIFN-alpha enhances the long-term level of protection induced by the Ad5-FMD vaccine, supporting its use as a potential adjuvant in FMD vaccination strategies.
authors.affiliation: Plum Island Animal Disease Center, North Atlantic Area, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Department of Agriculture, P.O. Box 848, Greenport, NY 11944, United States.
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de Avila Botton
authors.forename: Mario C S
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Brum
authors.forename: Elida
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bautista
authors.forename: Marla
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koster
authors.forename: Rudi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Weiblen
authors.forename: William T
authors.initials: WT
authors.lastname: Golde
authors.forename: Marvin J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Grubman
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D029544:Foot-and-Mouth Disease Virus / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000097:blood / Q000145:classification; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013552:Swine; D014611:Vaccination; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic / Q000276:immunology*; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000276:immunology; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D014614:Vaccines, Synthetic; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins; D014765:Viral Vaccines