title: Do parents of urban children with persistent asthma ban smoking in their homes and cars?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Environmental tobacco smoke (ETS) increases morbidity for children with asthma. One method to reduce children's ETS exposure is to completely ban smoking in the home and car. We sought to evaluate the degree to which urban children with persistent asthma are protected by household and car smoking bans, and to determine whether health care professionals are counseling parents to implement smoking bans.
  
  
  METHODS
  We asked parents of children with asthma to complete an in-person interview including questions about asthma symptoms, smokers in the home, smoking bans (home and car), and the receipt of ETS counseling by health care professionals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We included 231 children with persistent asthma symptoms (response rate 94%). Nearly half of the children lived with a smoker. Overall, only 64% of households had complete restrictions on smoking in the home and car. Even among the children with severe persistent symptoms, less than two-thirds were protected by a complete smoking ban. Among households with smokers, only 51% had a ban on smoking in the home and 49% in the car. The majority of caregivers had been questioned by health care professionals about home smoke exposure; less were asked about exposure in the car (40%) or given suggestions to decrease the child's exposure (58%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge this is the first study to establish the prevalence of smoking bans among children with persistent asthma. Many children with asthma, even those with the most severe symptoms, remain exposed to ETS in the home and in cars. Identifying and reducing smoke exposure among these children should be a health care priority.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatrics, University of Rochester School of Medicine and Dentistry and Golisano Children's Hospital at Strong, NY 14642, USA. jill_halterman@urmc.rochester.edu
authors.forename: Jill S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Halterman
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fagnano
authors.forename: Kelly M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Conn
authors.forename: Peter G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Szilagyi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001249:Asthma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000517:prevention & control; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003625:Data Collection; D005191:Family Characteristics; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D011336:Probability; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014505:Urban Population
chemical_list: D014028:Tobacco Smoke Pollution