title: Transient Axial Length Change during the Accommodation Response in Young Adults.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure the degree of transient axial elongation during the accommodation response in emmetropic and myopic young adults. To evaluate the effect of refractive error and accommodative demand on transient axial elongation of the eye.
  
  
  METHODS
  Axial length of the right eye was measured in 30 emmetropes and 30 myopes, by using the IOLMaster (Carl Zeiss Meditec, Inc., Dublin, CA), while accommodative stimuli of 0, 2, 4 and 6 D were presented with a Badal optometer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Axial length increased in both emmetropic and myopic subjects during short periods of accommodative stimulation. Greater transient increases in axial length were observed in myopic than in emmetropic subjects. The mean axial elongation with a 6-D stimulus to accommodation was 0.037 mm in emmetropes and 0.058 mm in myopes (P = 0.02). The degree of transient axial elongation correlated well with the stimulus to accommodation in emmetropes and myopes. Anterior chamber depth decreased, on average, by 0.19 mm in emmetropes and 0.18 mm in myopes when observing a 6-D stimulus to accommodation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  During relatively short periods of accommodative stimulation, axial length increases in both emmetropic and myopic young adults. At higher levels of accommodative stimulation, a significantly greater transient increase in axial length is observed in myopic subjects than in their emmetropic counterparts.
authors.affiliation: Department of Optometry, University of Bradford, Richmond Road, Bradford, West Yorkshire, United Kingdom. e.a.h.mallen@bradford.ac.uk
authors.forename: Edward A H
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Mallen
authors.forename: Priti
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kashyap
authors.forename: Karen M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Hampson
mesh_terms: D000065:Accommodation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D000328:Adult; D005123:Eye / Q000473:pathology*; D006801:Humans; D006984:Hypertrophy; D009216:Myopia / Q000503:physiopathology*