title: Stimulant medications: how to minimize their reinforcing effects?
authors.forename: Nora D
authors.initials: ND
authors.lastname: Volkow
mesh_terms: D001289:Attention Deficit Disorder with Hyperactivity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism / Q000523:psychology; D016739:Behavior, Addictive / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000523:psychology*; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D006801:Humans; D008774:Methylphenidate / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012054:Reinforcement, Psychology; D012201:Reward; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000209:etiology* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000523:psychology*
chemical_list: D000697:Central Nervous System Stimulants; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D050483:Dopamine Plasma Membrane Transport Proteins; D008774:Methylphenidate; D004298:Dopamine