title: Changes in vacuolar and mitochondrial motility and tubularity in response to zinc in a Paxillus involutus isolate from a zinc-rich soil.
abstract: Short-term effects of zinc on organelles were investigated in Paxillus involutus from a zinc-rich soil. Vacuoles were labelled with Oregon Green 488 carboxylic acid and mitochondria with DiOC(6)(3). Hyphae were treated with ZnSO(4) in the range 1-100 mM and examined by fluorescence microscopy. ZnSO(4) caused loss of tubularity and motility in both organelles depending on concentration and exposure time. Tubular vacuoles thickened after 15 min in 5 mM ZnSO(4) and became spherical at higher concentrations. Mitochondria fragmented after 30 min in 25 mM ZnSO(4). Vacuoles recovered their tubularity after transfer to reverse osmosis water depending on ZnSO(4) concentration and exposure time during treatment. Mitochondria recovered their tubularity with time, both with and without removal of the ZnSO(4) solution. K(2)SO(4) (as control) had no effect on vacuoles but disrupted mitochondria, the effect also depending on concentration and duration of exposure.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, The University of New South Wales, Sydney, Australia. santus22@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Sandra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tuszynska
authors.forename: Danielle
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: Katarzyna
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Turnau
authors.forename: Anne E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Ashford
mesh_terms: D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology / Q000648:ultrastructure; D002232:Carbocyanines / Q000378:metabolism; D002264:Carboxylic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D025301:Hyphae / Q000187:drug effects; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D008870:Microtubules / Q000187:drug effects*; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects*; D013194:Staining and Labeling; D013431:Sulfates / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D014617:Vacuoles / Q000187:drug effects*; D019287:Zinc Sulfate / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D002232:Carbocyanines; D002264:Carboxylic Acids; C436864:Oregon Green 488 carboxylic acid; D013431:Sulfates; C031512:potassium sulfate; C007392:3,3'-dihexyl-2,2'-oxacarbocyanine; D019287:Zinc Sulfate