title: Acute supraclavicular skin toxicity in patients undergoing radiotherapy for breast cancer: an evaluation of the 'T'-grip method of patient positioning.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Supraclavicular fossa (SCF) radiotherapy plays an important part in the adjuvant management of breast cancer but data on acute radiotherapy toxicity are lacking, particularly when differing patient treatment positions are used to allow computed tomography planning or to reduce cardiac doses.
  
  
  METHODS
  We evaluated SCF and breast/chest wall acute skin toxicity in a cohort of 92 women with breast cancer, who were planned in a 'T'-grip (n = 72) or 90 degrees-grip (n = 20) position, while 'on treatment' and at 6 weeks. The modified Radiation Therapy Oncology Group (RTOG) criteria were used to score toxicity. Data on age, body mass index, smoking history, type of breast operation, prior chemotherapy, radiation dose, number of fields and field size were recorded and correlated with outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Maximum SCF reaction score was RTOG 2a, with no moist desquamation observed. SCF reactions were less severe compared with chest wall reactions and no worse than breast reactions. There was significant resolution of toxicity at 6 weeks. SCF radiotherapy in 'T'-grip patients was well tolerated and no worse than the 90 degees-grip group. Pain scores and sore throat occurrences were minimal. Univariate and multivariate analyses showed that smoking was associated with worsening SCF toxicity (odds ratio [OR] 2.92; P = 0.045) and delayed healing. Incremental SCF dose worsened toxicity (OR 3.65; P = 0.023). Smoking worsened breast but not chest wall toxicity.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  SCF radiotherapy was at least as well tolerated as breast radiotherapy and better tolerated than chest wall radiotherapy. The 'T'-grip position did not affect toxicity negatively. Smoking and radiation dose affected SCF toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Oncology, Beatson Oncology Centre, Glasgow, UK. lye.mun.tho@NorthGlasgow.Scot.NHS.UK
authors.forename: L M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Tho
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: McIntyre
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rosst
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gallagher
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yap
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Ritchie
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Canney
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D002968:Clavicle; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D015182:Lymphatic Irradiation / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011832:Radiation Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant / Q000009:adverse effects; D012606:Scotland / Q000453:epidemiology; D012867:Skin / Q000528:radiation effects*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D035441:Thoracic Wall / Q000528:radiation effects