title: In vivo antioxidant activity of methanol extract from quinoa fermented with Rhizopus oligosporus.
abstract: Previously, this author reported that the fermentation of quinoa with Rhizopus oligosporeus increased antioxidant activity, and the antioxidant activity of the 80% methanol extract of the fermented quinoa (Q-tempeh) was higher than the other extracts with n-hexane and water in vitro. In this paper, to clarify a beneficial effect of the fermentation of quinoa with R. oligosporus, the antioxidant activity of 80% methanol extract of Q-tempeh was investigated in rats ex vivo and in vivo. In the ex vivo experiment, the 80% methanol extract from Q-tempeh increased both activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) in the liver, and accelerated the production of 12-hydroxyeicosatetraenoic acid (12-HETE) in the lung. In rats fed vitamin E-free diets with 80% methanol extract of Q-tempeh, the alpha-tocopherol concentration, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substance (TBARS) value, and activities of GSH-Px and SOD in serum showed a similar concentration to those of the control rats fed a vitamin E-supplemented diet. However, the hepatic GSH-Px and SOD activities were higher than those in the control rats. On the other hand, in rats fed a vitamin E-free diet with the 80% methanol extract of quinoa, the serum alpha-tocopherol level was lower, and both TBARS values of serum and liver were higher than those in the control rats. From these results, the 80% methanol extract of Q-tempeh was inferred to be an active superoxide scavenger and peroxide reducer in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Faculty of Home Science, Gifu Women's University, 80 Taromaru, Gifu 501-2592, Japan. matsuo@gijodai.ac.jp
authors.forename: Masako
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsuo
mesh_terms: D019377:12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid / Q000096:biosynthesis; D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D027465:Chenopodium quinoa / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000382:microbiology*; D004032:Diet; D005285:Fermentation; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D000432:Methanol; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012233:Rhizopus / Q000378:metabolism*; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000032:analysis; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants; D010936:Plant Extracts; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D019377:12-Hydroxy-5,8,10,14-eicosatetraenoic Acid; D005979:Glutathione Peroxidase; D013482:Superoxide Dismutase; D024502:alpha-Tocopherol; D000432:Methanol