title: Aesthetic aspects of abdominal wall and external genital reconstructive surgery in bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex.
abstract: Long-term follow-up of patients born with classical bladder exstrophy-epispadias complex (EEC) reveals that many of them suffer from poor self-image, and the aesthetic aspects of the genitalia and lower abdomen acquire greater significance with age. In this article, we review the aesthetic outcomes in performing puboplasty, umbilicoplasty, and genitoplasty in patients born with EEC. Retrospective review of the cosmetic and functional outcomes in 116 patients born with EEC treated by puboplasty, umbilicoplasty, or genitoplasty was performed. Satisfaction with the cosmetic and functional outcomes of these three reconstructive surgeries was high following initial reconstructive efforts (> 90%). Attention to cosmesis during abdominal wall and genital reconstruction for EEC helps to improve a patient's perception of body image and self-esteem. Our experience with these procedures over the past 25 years demonstrated that the efforts directed toward aesthetics have been well worthwhile.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Urology, Schneider's Children Hospital, West Orange, NJ 07052, USA.
authors.forename: Brian A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: VanderBrink
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Stock
authors.forename: Moneer K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Hanna
mesh_terms: D034861:Abdominal Wall / Q000601:surgery*; D001746:Bladder Exstrophy / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D004842:Epispadias / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D004954:Esthetics; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010413:Penis / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D013519:Urogenital Surgical Procedures; D014844:Vulva / Q000601:surgery*