Attachment organizations in children with difficult life circumstances.
The purpose of this study was to use the Attachment Q-Set to create categories of attachment organization that were conceptually consistent with organizational categories derived from other attachment assessments, reliable, and valid. We were particularly interested in creating categories that would describe insecure attachment organizations in children from difficult life circumstances. Our sample of relationships included 3062 teacher-child relationships. Children ranged in age from toddlers to kindergartners and were diverse in ethnic background. Two percent of the children were diagnosed with severe social and emotional problems and enrolled in a therapeutic preschool. Sixteen percent were enrolled in intervention programs on the basis of family poverty and another 34% of the children attended subsidized child care programs for low-income children. All of the children's child-teacher relationships were assessed with the Attachment Q-Set (AQS). Independent observers observed or rated children's peer play. Teachers completed behavior problem questionnaires and Student Teacher Relationships Scales. Using the AQS we created five subscales and six attachment organizational categories. These subscales and organizational categories were associated in theoretically meaningful ways with measures of behavior problems, social competence with peers, and teacher perceptions of child-teacher relationship.
Howes
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Graduate School of Education & Information Studies, University of California, Los Angeles 90095-1521, USA. howes@gseis.ucla.edu
Ritchie
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D001362:Avoidance Learning; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005006:Ethnicity; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D009769:Object Attachment; D010287:Parent-Child Relations; D012574:Schools; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires