title: Efficient centrifugal recovery of Bacillus thuringiensis biopesticides from fermented wastewater and wastewater sludge.
abstract: Studies were conducted on harvesting of Bacillus thuringiensis (Bt)-based biopesticides from fermented broths of starch industry wastewater (SIW), wastewater sludge (raw and hydrolyzed-NH and TH, respectively) and semi-synthetic soyameal to enhance entomotoxicity (Tx) by centrifugation. Pertinent factors influencing Tx, solids concentration, pH, temperature and centrifugal force were investigated. The centrifugate solids concentration beyond 100 g/l did not enhance Tx, instead caused pellet formation. Centrifugation efficiency (Tx recovery) was higher at pH 4, and temperature 20 degrees C for starch wastewater (98%), wastewater sludge (98% and 97.8% for non-hydrolyzed and hydrolyzed, respectively) and soya broth (83%). For maximum Tx recovery (SIW-95%; NH-90%; TH-98% and soya-78%), the centrifugal force and time required was 48,000 g and 30 min, respectively. Losses in recovery efficiency were lower for SIW and wastewater sludge in comparison to soya on adopting commercially recommended centrifugal force of 9000 g. The settling velocity computations for different fermented broths enabled calculation of Sigma factor for continuous commercial centrifuge of a given capacity and hence simulation of power requirements. It was established that power requirements for a given Tx recovery efficiency were highest for conventional medium (soya) in comparison to other waste-based fermented broths.
authors.affiliation: INRS-ETE, Université du Québec, 490, Rue de la Couronne, Quebec, Canada G1K 9A9.
authors.forename: Satinder K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Brar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Verma
authors.forename: R D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Tyagi
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Valéro
authors.forename: R Y
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Surampalli
mesh_terms: D001413:Bacillus thuringiensis / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002498:Centrifugation / Q000379:methods*; D005285:Fermentation; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D012722:Sewage / Q000382:microbiology*; D013696:Temperature
chemical_list: D012722:Sewage