title: Effects of 3 adhesion promoters on the shear bond strength of orthodontic brackets: an in-vitro study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The objectives of this study were to (1) determine the effect of 3 adhesion promoters on shear bond strength and the amount of remnant adhesive on the teeth after debonding and (2) learn whether 1 promoter is material-specific, as stated by the manufacturer.
  
  
  METHODS
  The promoters tested were OrthoSolo (Ormco, Orange, Calif), All-Bond 2 (Bisco, Schaumburg, Ill), and Enhance L.C. (Reliance, Itasca, Ill). Two adhesives were used: Transbond XT (3M Unitek, Monrovia, Calif) and Light Bond (Reliance). One hundred fifty premolars were divided into 6 groups of 25, and brackets were bonded according to the manufacturers' instructions: (1) Transbond XT, (2) Transbond XT plus All-Bond 2, (3) Transbond XT plus OrthoSolo, (4) Transbond XT plus Enhance L.C., (5) Light Bond, and (6) Light Bond plus Enhance L.C. Bond strength was tested on a universal testing machine, and remnant adhesive was quantified with image analysis equipment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The highest bond strength values were obtained when brackets were bonded with Light Bond plus Enhance L.C. These values were significantly higher than those achieved with Transbond XT, Transbond XT plus Enhance L.C., or Transbond XT plus All-Bond 2. Of the groups bonded with Transbond XT, the group that included OrthoSolo had the best results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  None of the adhesion promoters significantly increased bond strength or the amount of adhesive remaining on the tooth after debonding. Enhance L.C. produced the greatest bond strength when used with the material-specific product Light Bond.
authors.affiliation: Dental Clinic, University of Murcia, Murcia, Spain. ascenvi@um.es
authors.forename: Ascensión
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vicente
authors.forename: Luis A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Bravo
authors.forename: Martín
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Romero
authors.forename: Antonio J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Ortíz
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Canteras
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D000269:Adhesives; D001641:Bicuspid; D003188:Composite Resins; D001840:Dental Bonding / Q000379:methods*; D017005:Dental Debonding; D003764:Dental Materials; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D008689:Methacrylates; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D019279:Resin Cements; D033081:Shear Strength; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D000269:Adhesives; D003188:Composite Resins; D003764:Dental Materials; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C414342:Enhance LC; D008689:Methacrylates; C508972:OrthoSolo; C429652:Reliance Light Bond; D019279:Resin Cements; C477790:Transbond XT; C100742:All-Bond 2