title: Aprotinin in the management of Achilles tendinopathy: a randomised controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Achilles tendinopathy is a common condition, which can become chronic and interfere with athletic performance. The proteinase inhibitor aprotinin (as injection) has been found to improve recovery in patellar tendinopathy (evidence level 1b) and Achilles tendinopathy. Internationally this therapy is being used based on this limited knowledge base.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether aprotinin injections decrease time to recovery in Achilles tendinopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective, randomised, double blind, placebo controlled trial was performed comparing saline (0.9%) plus local anaesthetic injections and eccentric exercises with aprotinin (30,000 kIU) plus local anaesthetic injection and eccentric exercise. Three injections were given, each a week apart. In total, 26 patients, with 33 affected tendons, were enrolled for this study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At no follow up point (2, 4, 12, or 52 weeks) was there any statistically significant difference between the treatment group and placebo. This included VISA-A scores and secondary outcome measures. However, a trend for improvement over placebo was noted.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this study on Achilles tendinopathy, aprotinin was not shown to offer any statistically significant benefit over placebo. Larger multicentre trials are needed to evaluate the efficacy of aprotinin in Achilles tendinopathy.
authors.affiliation: South Sydney Sports Medicine Centre, Sydney, NSW, Australia. rabrown4@lycos.com
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Orchard
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kinchington
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hooper
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nalder
mesh_terms: D000125:Achilles Tendon; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D007611:Aprotinin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011480:Protease Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013177:Sports; D052256:Tendinopathy / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D011480:Protease Inhibitors; D007611:Aprotinin