title: Analysis of angiogenesis genes from paraffin-embedded breast tumor and lymph nodes.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Angiogenesis is important in tumor growth and metastasis. Germ-line polymorphisms critical to the angiogenesis pathway have been shown to confer prognostic information in multiple tumor types. These genes include vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS).
  
  
  METHODS
  We extracted DNA from 53 specimens obtained from 21 patients including a primary breast tumor, and/or a histologically involved lymph node, and/or a histologically normal lymph node. We subsequently genotyped all specimens to evaluate two polymorphisms in the eNOS gene and one polymorphism in the VEGF gene.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Chromatographs were generated in 145/159 (91%) samples. When assessing all polymorphisms by site, chromatographs were generated in 42/51 (83%) samples obtained from the primary tumor and 103/108 (95%) from lymph nodes. Chromatographs were generated in 46/53 (87%) samples from the T(-786)C polymorphism in the 5'-flanking region in the eNOS gene, 49/53 (92%) when assessing the Glu298Asp polymorphism in exon 7 in the eNOS gene and 50/53 samples (94%) for the C(936)T polymorphism in the VEGF gene. There was 100% concordance between analyses from the primary tumor, uninvolved lymph node, and involved lymph node from the same case.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We successfully extracted DNA and genotyped several polymorphisms in two genes important in angiogenesis. These genotypes were determined in breast tumors, but also in involved and uninvolved lymph nodes. There was concordance between the genotypes of germline DNA obtained from uninvolved lymph nodes and those determined in tumor samples, implying that the host angiogenic genotype imprints the tumor genotype.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Pharmacology, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, 46202, USA.
authors.forename: Bryan P
authors.initials: BP
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Todd C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Skaar
authors.forename: George W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Sledge
authors.forename: Sunil
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Badve
authors.forename: Lang
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Flockhart
mesh_terms: D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000378:metabolism*; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000235:genetics; D016612:Paraffin Embedding; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III