title: Intraoperative examination of sentinel lymph nodes by immunohistochemical staining in patients with breast cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To performed a prospective investigation of the relative merits of rapid cytokeratin immunohistochemical (CK-IHC) staining of the SLN removed during the operation of breast cancer patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between December 2002 and March 2004, 62 patients with T1 and T2 breast cancer were enrolled after undergoing successful sentinel lymph node biopsy. Eighty-nine sentinel lymph nodes (mean number, 1.44) were biopsied and first examined by hematoxylin-eosin (H&E) stained frozen section. All the tumour free sentinel lymph nodes by H&E stained frozen section were immunostained for cytokeratin using a rapid immunohistochemical assay (Cytokeratin (PAN), 1:50, Novocastra Lab., Newcastle, UK) during the operations.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Rapid IHC staining revealed seven positive sentinel lymph nodes that were negative for metastasis by H&E staining. This study showed a sensitivity of 92.86%, a specificity of 100%, an accuracy of 98.9%, and a negative predictive value of 98.7%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The intraoperative examination of sentinel lymph nodes is an accurate and effective way of predicting the axillary lymph node status of patients with breast cancers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, MizMedi Hospital, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: I-K
authors.initials: IK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: H-D
authors.initials: HD
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jeong
authors.forename: B-W
authors.initials: BW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: W H
authors.initials: WH
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: S W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: K K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Oh
authors.forename: Y H
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Ryu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001365:Axilla; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007430:Intraoperative Care / Q000379:methods; D007633:Keratins / Q000378:metabolism; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy
chemical_list: D007633:Keratins