Evaluation and medical management of erectile dysfunction.
Most men older than 60 years experience some degree of erectile dysfunction (ED). The physiology of erections is complex, with contributions from hormonal, vascular, psychological, neurologic, and cellular components. ED is strongly associated with cardiovascular risk factors, and this fact plays a major role in the prevention and treatment of ED. In this article, we review the evaluation of ED in terms of history, physical examination, and common laboratory studies. Additionally, we review major considerations when prescribing phosphodiesterase type 5 inhibitors and other medical treatments, including intraurethral alprostadil, penile injection therapy, and testosterone replacement.
Beckman
Thomas J
TJ
Division of General Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, Minn 55905, USA. beckman.thomas@mayo.edu
Abu-Lebdeh
Haitham S
HS
Mynderse
Lance A
LA
D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000527:Alprostadil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007172:Erectile Dysfunction / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use
D000317:Adrenergic alpha-Antagonists; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D000527:Alprostadil