Placental mesenchymal stem cells as potential autologous graft for pre- and perinatal neuroregeneration.
OBJECTIVE
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) have a broad differentiation potential. We aimed to determine if MSCs are present in fetal membranes and placental tissue and to assess their potential to differentiate into neurogenic and mesodermal lineages.


METHODS
MSCs isolated from first and third trimester chorion and amnion and first trimester chorionic villi and characterized morphologically and by flourescence-activated cell sorting analysis. Their ability to mature under different culture conditions into various cells of mesodermal and neuroectodermal cell lines was assessed by immuno- and cytochemical staining.


RESULTS
Independent of gestational age, cells isolated from fetal membranes and placenta showed typical MSC phenotype (positive for CD166, CD105, CD90, CD73, CD49e, CD44, CD29, CD13, MHC I; negative for CD14, CD34, CD45, MHC II) and were able to differentiate into mesodermal cells expressing cell markers/cytologic staining consistent with mature chondroblasts, osteoblasts, adipocytes, or myocytes and into neuronal cells presenting markers of various stages of maturation. The differentiation pattern was mainly dependent on cell type.


CONCLUSIONS
Mesenchymal cells from chorion, amnion, and villous stroma can be differentiated into neurogenic, chondrogenic, osteogenic, adipogenic, and myogenic lineage. Placental tissue obtained during prenatal chorionic villous sampling or at delivery might be an ideal source for autologous stem cell graft for peripartum neuroregeneration and other clinical issues.
Portmann-Lanz
C Bettina
CB
Department of Clinical Research, University Women's Hospital, University of Berne, Berne, Switzerland.
Schoeberlein
Andreina
A
Huber
Alexander
A
Sager
Ruth
R
Malek
Antoine
A
Holzgreve
Wolfgang
W
Surbek
Daniel V
DV
D002454:Cell Differentiation; D004475:Ectoderm / Q000166:cytology*; D005321:Extraembryonic Membranes / Q000166:cytology*; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000166:cytology*; D009416:Nerve Regeneration; D009420:Nervous System / Q000166:cytology; D010920:Placenta / Q000166:cytology*; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D011263:Pregnancy Trimester, Third