title: Angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitors attenuated the expression of G-protein coupled receptor kinases in heart failure patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There are few biological markers, which strictly show the severity of congestive heart failure (CHF).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lymphocyte G-protein coupled receptor kinase (GRK) mRNA expression was measured by quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction in 15 CHF patients: 5 patients classified as New York Heart Association class-II treated with angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor (ACEI) (IIA), 5 patients in class-II without ACEI (IIC), and 5 patients in class-III treated with ACEI (IIIA). GRK mRNA level in IIIA was significantly higher than those in IIA (p<0.05). GRK mRNA level in IIA were significantly lower than those in IIC (p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The expression level of lymphocyte GRK might show the severity of CHF, and ACEI treatment could reduce the level of GRK in CHF patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Hokkaido University Graduate School of Medicine, Sapporo, Japan.
authors.forename: Naotsugu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Oyama
authors.forename: Kazushi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Urasawa
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kaneta
authors.forename: Hidetsugu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: Takahiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Chika
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Takagi
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kitabatake
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsutsui
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D051606:G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects*; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012720:Severity of Illness Index
chemical_list: D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D015415:Biomarkers; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D011943:Receptors, Adrenergic, beta; D051606:G-Protein-Coupled Receptor Kinase 1