title: Longer aging time increases the anticancer and antimetastatic properties of doenjang.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Fermented soy foods, such as doenjang, are important components of the Korean diet. Doenjang has been shown to have greater antimutagenic and anticancer activities than other fermented soybean foods such as chungkukjang (Korean-style natto) and miso and non-fermented soybeans. This study investigated the effects of fermentation time of doenjang on its inhibitory activity against solid tumor formation and lung metastasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Effects of methanol extracts from doenjang prepared with long-term fermentation on tumor formation, natural killer cell activity in spleen, and glutathione S-transferase activity in liver were investigated in sarcoma-180 cell-transplanted mice. Inhibitory effects of these samples on lung metastasis of colon 26-M3.1 cells were also evaluated in Balb/c mice. To determine the effect of aging on functionality, doenjang fermented for 3, 6, and 24 mo were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Doenjang fermented for 24 mo exhibited a two- to three-fold increase in antitumor effects on sarcoma-180-injected mice and antimetastatic effects in colon 26-M 3.1 cells in mice compared with the 3- or 6-mo fermented doenjang. The 24-mo fermentation was the most effective in preventing cancer by decreasing tumor formation and increasing natural killer cell activity in spleens and glutathione S-transferase activity in livers of mice.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prolonging the fermentation period when making doenjang increases its antitumor and antimetastatic effects in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food Science and Nutrition, Pusan National University, Busan, Korea.
authors.forename: Keun-Ok
authors.initials: KO
authors.lastname: Jung
authors.forename: Su-Young
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Kun-Young
authors.initials: KY
authors.lastname: Park
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017690:Cell Transplantation; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary*; D005260:Female; D005285:Fermentation; D005511:Food Handling / Q000379:methods*; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000378:metabolism; D007723:Korea; D008099:Liver / Q000201:enzymology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012510:Sarcoma 180; D045730:Soy Foods; D013997:Time Factors; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D005982:Glutathione Transferase