title: Dynamics of pesticides in potato crops.
abstract: This study investigated the behavior of pesticides commonly used on potato in a part of northwestern Spain with a large area devoted to this crop. Experimental potato plots were treated with commercial formulations of two insecticides, a nematicide, a herbicide, and a combination of two fungicides, and the concentrations of the active ingredients were monitored throughout the growing season in the 0-1 and 1-15 cm soil layers, in water dripping off the potato plants, and in the potatoes themselves. The technique used for pesticide determination was gas chromatography with mass selective detection. For potato analyses, pesticide extraction was optimized. The only pesticide ever detected in potato tubers was metalaxyl, the concentration of which never exceeded half the maximum residual limit even when it was applied several times more often than is officially recommended for potato crops. Metalaxyl was also the only pesticide detected in wash-off, apparently due to its being more soluble in water than the other pesticides applied to the growing plants. A mathematical model of pesticide transport in soil was fitted to the experimental data using the program HYDRUS-1D.
authors.affiliation: Soil and Agricultural Science Group, Plant Biology and Soil Science Department, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, University of Vigo, Ourense Campus, 32004 Ourense, Spain.
authors.forename: Gonzalo C
authors.initials: GC
authors.lastname: López-Pérez
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arias-Estévez
authors.forename: Eugenio
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: López-Periago
authors.forename: Benedicto
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Soto-Gonzalez
authors.forename: Beatriz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Cancho-Grande
authors.forename: Jesús
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Simal-Gandara
mesh_terms: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006540:Herbicides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D007306:Insecticides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000032:analysis; D010575:Pesticides / Q000032:analysis*; D012621:Seasons; D012987:Soil / Q000032:analysis; D011198:Solanum tuberosum / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000254:growth & development*
chemical_list: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial; D006540:Herbicides; D007306:Insecticides; D010575:Pesticides; D012987:Soil