title: Acute alcohol use among patients with acute hip fractures: a descriptive incidence study in southeastern Finland.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the very recent use of alcohol among patients admitted to two Finnish hospitals due to an acute hip fracture.
  
  
  METHODS
  Very recent use of alcohol was recorded according to the patient's or the relatives' report. Ethanol was measured in blood samples taken at admission. Serum gamma-glutamyltransferase, aspartate aminotransferase and alanine aminotransferase, and vitamin D concentration were measured. Reported use of medication, vitamin D, and/or calcium supplementation was recorded.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Complete data were obtained on 222 of 375 eligible patients; 71% of those enrolled were women. The mean age of women was 80.5 years (SD 10) and of men 73 years (SD 12) (P < 0.001). The fracture type was femoral neck in 50%, trochanteric in 41%, and subtrochanteric in 9%. The use of alcohol within 24 h before the accident leading to hip fracture was reported by 21.5% of men and 7% of women; positive serum alcohol levels were noted in 17% (19% of men and 16% of women) and 2.2% had a level of >1.0 mg/l. Recent alcohol use was more common among patients in the age group of 65-74 years than among older patients (P < 0.001). The use of alcohol was associated strongly with tobacco use (P = 0.00012) but had no association with vitamin D levels. Alcohol users used less medication than non-users (P < 0.01). Women seemed to conceal their use of alcohol more than men (P < 0.005).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Alcohol consumption was common among patients with an acute hip fracture, being more common in younger than in older patients. Use of alcohol in the 24 h prior to the injury was reported by 21.5% of men and 7% of women. Alcohol concentration in blood was positive in 19% of men and 16% of women.
authors.affiliation: Päijät-Häme Central Hospital, Lahti, Finland. juha-pekka.kaukonen@phks.fi
authors.forename: J-P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kaukonen
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nurmi-Lüthje
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lüthje
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Naboulsi
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanninen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kataja
authors.forename: M-L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Kallio
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leppilampi
mesh_terms: D000061:Accidents, Home; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology*; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000097:blood; D003625:Data Collection; D000431:Ethanol / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006620:Hip Fractures / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000453:epidemiology; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D014807:Vitamin D; D000431:Ethanol; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase