title: [Purification of lake water using a combined ozonization, filtration and chlorine dioxide treatments. Experience with the water of Garda lake].
abstract: The hygienic characteristics of the freshwater from Garda Lake used for the water supply of Sirmione were evaluated before and during the various phases of treatment. The samples were taken at the moment of entry, after ozonization, after filtration and after the addition of chlorine dioxide. The coliforms and Escherichia coli, occasionally detected in the incoming water, were reduced by ozone and eliminated by filtration. Enterococci were always absent. The overall reduction in the total bacteria count was satifactory, considering the low initial levels (96.0% and 83.0% respectively for the Heterotrophic plate count at 22 degrees and the Heterotrophic plate count at 36 degrees). The chemical and physical indicators that underwent the greatest reductions were the sulphates, iron, manganese, ammonia and the turbidity. Several species of unicellular algae belonging to Chlorophyta, Cyanophyta and Bacillariophyta were identified in the water at entry and after ozonization, but were completely eliminated during the subsequent phase of filtration. deliver of high quality services.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Medicina e Sanità Pubblica, Sezione di Igiene, Università degli Studi di Bologna. fzanetti@alma.unibo.it
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zanetti
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Leoni
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Muccioli
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ambrogiani
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sacchetti
mesh_terms: D017606:Chlorine Compounds; D005374:Filtration; D005618:Fresh Water; D007558:Italy; D010087:Oxides; D010126:Ozone; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D017606:Chlorine Compounds; D010087:Oxides; D010126:Ozone; C025109:chlorine dioxide