title: Commentary on possible manganese toxicity from showering: response to critique.
abstract: Manganese is an essential trace element that is toxic at high doses. We recently reported the potential for manganese to be absorbed via the olfactory system during showering with water contaminated by this element. In this commentary we respond to criticisms of our article and find using new methods that our previous calculations may have underestimated exposure. These data, which must be confirmed, highlight the potential for neurologic absorption of this element.
authors.affiliation: Wake Forest University School of Medicine, Department of Family Medicine, Medical Center BLVC, Winston-Salem, NC 27157, USA. jspangle@wfubmc.edu
authors.forename: John G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Spangler
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Elsner
mesh_terms: D001494:Baths / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D019570:Inhalation Exposure; D008345:Manganese / Q000009:adverse effects*; D020149:Manganese Poisoning / Q000209:etiology*; D009420:Nervous System / Q000187:drug effects*; D009422:Nervous System Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced*; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis* / Q000592:standards
chemical_list: D008345:Manganese