title: Laparoscopic cecostomy button placement for the management of fecal incontinence in children with Hirschsprung's disease and anorectal anomalies.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antegrade colonic enemas offer a surgical solution for many children with chronic constipation and encopresis associated with Hirschsprung's disease and anorectal malformations. This study demonstrated the feasibility of a new laparoscopic technique for cecostomy button placement (LCBP) to allow antegrade enema treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Charts of children with encopresis who underwent LCBP between 1999 and 2001 were reviewed. The age, weight, primary diagnosis, operative time, hospital stay, associated complications, follow-up duration, and outcome of the patients were recorded. The surgical technique used a "U-stitch" method and a chait tube or a standard gastrostomy button. A follow-up telephone survey was conducted to assess parental satisfaction and overall success in continence.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven patients ages 4 to 12 years (mean, 7.3 +/- 1.3 years) and weighing 15 to 44 kg (mean, 24.5 +/- 4 kg) underwent LCBP over a 2-year period. The mean follow-up period was 15 +/- 4 months (range, 6-33 months). Four patients had anorectal malformations, and three patients had Hirschsprung's disease. For all the patients, LCBP was accomplished without any intraoperative complications. The mean operative time was 33 +/- 2 min, and the hospital stay was 2 to 5 days (mean, 3.8 +/- 0.5 days). The patients received one or two daily antegrade enemas, and none had accidental bowel movements. Episodes of soiling at night once or twice a week were observed with two children. Two patients had hypertrophic granulation tissue formation, which responded to topical therapy. The button was uneventfully changed twice in one patient because of mechanical malfunction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To manage overflow incontinence of children with anorectal malformations and Hirschsprung's disease, LCBP is a technically straightforward, effective, and reversible method for the placement of a cecostomy button.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Surgery, Ankara University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yagmurlu
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Harmon
authors.forename: K E
authors.initials: KE
authors.lastname: Georgeson
mesh_terms: D001003:Anal Canal / Q000002:abnormalities*; D002431:Cecostomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004065:Digestive System Abnormalities / Q000150:complications; D004733:Enema / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005242:Fecal Incontinence / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery* / Q000628:therapy; D005260:Female; D006627:Hirschsprung Disease / Q000150:complications*; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D011182:Postoperative Care; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D012007:Rectum / Q000002:abnormalities*; D016896:Treatment Outcome