Epinephrine promotes hemostasis in rats with cyclophosphamide-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the hypothesis that intravesical instillation of epinephrine would attenuate bladder hemorrhage in a rat model of cyclophosphamide (CYP)-induced hemorrhagic cystitis.


METHODS
Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into seven treatment groups: positive control (CYP, 150 mg/kg), negative control (epinephrine, 10 microg/mL), intravesical instillation of normal saline (vehicle) and epinephrine (2.5, 5, and 10 microg/mL), and intraperitoneal administration of mesna (50 mg/kg). Rats were killed on days 1, 2, and 3, and the urinary bladders were removed, weighed, and evaluated by gross and histologic analysis. Vesical vascular permeability was determined by wet bladder weight and Evan's blue dye absorbance.


RESULTS
Cyclophosphamide administration induced severe hemorrhagic cystitis with marked edema, hemorrhage, and inflammation. All three epinephrine-treated groups had marked attenuation of hemorrhagic cystitis compared with the positive and negative control and mesna-treated groups. Epinephrine was also associated with significant inhibition of tissue edema, indicating decreased vesical vascular permeability.


CONCLUSIONS
In this rat model of CYP-induced hemorrhagic cystitis, intravesical instillation of epinephrine inhibited edema, hemorrhage, and inflammation.
Chow
Yung-Chiong
YC
Department of Urology, Mackay Memorial Hospital, Medicine, Nursing, and Management College, Tapei, Taiwan.
Yang
Stone
S
Huang
Chun-Jen
CJ
Tzen
Chin-Yuan
CY
Huang
Pei-Lin
PL
Su
Yu-Hsien
YH
Wang
Paulus S
PS
D000283:Administration, Intravesical; D000818:Animals; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000494:pharmacology; D003556:Cystitis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications*; D004837:Epinephrine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy*; D006487:Hemostasis / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D004837:Epinephrine