title: The influence of gender, weight, height and BMI on pentosidine concentrations in plasma of hemodialyzed patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) such as pentosidine play an important role in complications associated with chronic renal failure (CRF) and hemodialysis (HD). This study was undertaken to determine the influence of anthropometric parameters and inflammation on plasma pentosidine concentrations.
  
  
  METHODS
  We measured total and free pentosidine in the plasma of 49 patients on chronic HD. Acid hydrolysis of plasma and protein precipitation with trichloroacetic acid was done in the case of total and free pentosidine, respectively. Pentosidine was measured by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). C-reactive protein (CRP) was measured by the nephelometric method.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A strong negative correlation between dry weight and mean concentration of total pentosidine before and after HD was found (R = -0.47, p < 0.001). This correlation was stronger in males (R = -0.47, p = 0.017) than females (R = -0.34, p = 0.10). Even stronger correlations were noted between body mass index (BMI) and total (R = -0.55, p < 0.001), as well as free (R = -0.39, p = 0.01) pentosidine. Multivariate analysis demonstrated that BMI and time on HD were two independent factors influencing total pentosidine concentrations. CRP did not correlate with pentosidine or BMI.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lower BMI values are associated with significantly higher plasma pentosidine concentrations in patients on HD. Presumably this relationship is mediated by hypercatabolism observed in these patients. Catabolism produces weight loss and reduces BMI concurrently with the induction of oxidative and carbonyl stresses that stimulate the generation of pentosidine and other harmful AGEs in dialyzed patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Pomeranian Medical University, Szczecin, Poland. dorota@pam.szczecin.pl
authors.forename: Dorota
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Slowick-Zylka
authors.forename: Krzysztof
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Safranow
authors.forename: Violetta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dziedziejko
authors.forename: Grazyna
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Dutkiewicz
authors.forename: Kazimierz
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ciechanowski
authors.forename: Dariusz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Chlubek
mesh_terms: D001120:Arginine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001827:Body Height; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced / Q000097:blood*; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood* / Q000628:therapy; D008239:Lysine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009391:Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; D011379:Prognosis; D006435:Renal Dialysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D017127:Glycation End Products, Advanced; D001120:Arginine; C062187:pentosidine; D008239:Lysine