title: Efaproxiral (RSR13) plus oxygen breathing increases the therapeutic ratio of carboplatin in EMT6 mouse mammary tumors.
abstract: Carboplatin, a member of the platinum family of alkylating agents, is often used in combination with radiotherapy. Some studies, including a recent publication from our laboratory, have suggested that the cytotoxic effects of platinum compounds may be altered by changes in the post-treatment oxygenation. The study reported here assessed whether post-treatment changes in tumor oxygenation caused by oxygen breathing alone or in combination with efaproxiral (RSR13) altered the effects of carboplatin. Efaproxiral, which allosterically modifies hemoglobin-oxygen binding to increase tumor pO(2), has been shown to increase the effects of radiation in animal tumor models and is in a second, confirmatory phase III clinical trial as an adjuvant to radiotherapy. These studies with EMT6 tumors in BALB/c Rw mice used clonogenic assays to assess tumor cell survival and tumor growth studies to assess antineoplastic activity and treatment-related toxicity. Efaproxiral plus oxygen breathing for 5 hrs after carboplatin treatment significantly increased the antineoplastic effects of carboplatin. The increased antineoplastic effects of carboplatin produced by efaproxiral plus oxygen breathing occurred without a concomitant increase in host toxicity. These findings suggest that the increases in tumor oxygenation produced by Efaproxiral plus oxygen breathing increased the therapeutic ratio of carboplatin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Therapeutic Radiology, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520-8040, USA.
authors.forename: Erling T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Donnelly
authors.forename: Yanfeng
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rockwell
mesh_terms: D000477:Alkylating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016190:Carboplatin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D015674:Mammary Neoplasms, Animal / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010100:Oxygen / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011422:Propionates / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012119:Respiration; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000477:Alkylating Agents; D000814:Aniline Compounds; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011422:Propionates; D016190:Carboplatin; C067396:efaproxiral; D010100:Oxygen