title: An Shp2/SFK/Ras/Erk signaling pathway controls trophoblast stem cell survival.
abstract: Little is known about how growth factors control tissue stem cell survival and proliferation. We analyzed mice with a null mutation of Shp2 (Ptpn11), a key component of receptor tyrosine kinase signaling. Null embryos die peri-implantation, much earlier than mice that express an Shp2 truncation. Shp2 null blastocysts initially develop normally, but they subsequently exhibit inner cell mass death, diminished numbers of trophoblast giant cells, and failure to yield trophoblast stem (TS) cell lines. Molecular markers reveal that the trophoblast lineage, which requires fibroblast growth factor-4 (FGF4), is specified but fails to expand normally. Moreover, deletion of Shp2 in TS cells causes rapid apoptosis. We show that Shp2 is required for FGF4-evoked activation of the Src/Ras/Erk pathway that culminates in phosphorylation and destabilization of the proapoptotic protein Bim. Bim depletion substantially blocks apoptosis and significantly restores Shp2 null TS cell proliferation, thereby establishing a key mechanism by which FGF4 controls stem cell survival.
authors.affiliation: Cancer Biology Program, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Department of Medicine, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. wyang@bidmc.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Wentian
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Lori D
authors.initials: LD
authors.lastname: Klaman
authors.forename: Binbin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Toshiyuki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Harada
authors.forename: Sheila M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Elizabeth L
authors.initials: EL
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: Benjamin G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Neel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000072224:Bcl-2-Like Protein 11; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D051519:Fibroblast Growth Factor 4 / Q000378:metabolism; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D054593:SH2 Domain-Containing Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D014327:Trophoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D018631:ras Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018909:src Homology Domains
chemical_list: D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D000072224:Bcl-2-Like Protein 11; C000606776:Bcl2l11 protein, mouse; C496446:Fgf4 protein, mouse; D051519:Fibroblast Growth Factor 4; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D054592:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatase, Non-Receptor Type 11; D017027:Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; C516725:Ptpn11 protein, mouse; D054593:SH2 Domain-Containing Protein Tyrosine Phosphatases; D018631:ras Proteins