title: [A potential use of collagen-hyaluronan-chondroitin sulfate tri-copolymer scaffold for cartilage tissue engineering].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate collagen(Col)-hyaluronan (HA)-chondroitin sulfate (CS) tri-copolymer as a new biomimetic biodegradable polymer scaffold for application of the articular cartilage tissue engineering.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Col-HA-CS tri-copolymer was prepared by freezing and lyophilization and was cross-linked by 1-ethyl-3-(3-dimethy inaminoproyl) carbodiimide (EDC). The morphological characteristics of the matrices were evaluated by the SME and HE stainings. The rabbit chondrocytes were isolated and seeded in the tri-copolymer scaffold. Morphology, proliferation and differentiation of glycosaminoglycan (GAG), and phenotypic expression of the rabbit articular chondrocytes cultured within the tri-copolymer scaffold were indicated by the histological examination, SEM, biochemical analysis, and reverse transcriptase PCR for collagen type II (Col II).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The chondrocytes proliferated and differentiated well, and they preserved the phenotypic expression of Col II in the Col-HA-CS scaffold. After the 21-day cell culture within the Col-HA-CS scaffolds, the cartilage-specific morphology and the structural characteristics such as lacunae appeared, and DNA and GAG contents increased with the time. In addition, DNA and GAG contents were significantly higher in the Col-HA-CS matrix than in the collagen matrix alone (P < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show that the Col-HA-CS tri-copolymer matrices can provide an appropriate environment for the generation of cartilage-like tissues and have a potential application in the cartilage tissue engineering scaffold field.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biomedical Engineering, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Tianjin 300192, P R China.
authors.forename: Jihong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Lingrong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Xuemin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Fujun
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Taiwen
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Qiqing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D019902:Chondrocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects*; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000494:pharmacology; D003094:Collagen / Q000494:pharmacology; D054855:Drug-Eluting Stents; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D003094:Collagen