A randomized trial of endoscopic treatment of acute gastric variceal hemorrhage: N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate injection versus band ligation.
Progression of gastric variceal hemorrhage (GVH) is poorer than esophageal variceal bleeding. However, data on its optimal treatment are limited. We designed a prospective study to compare the efficacy of endoscopic band ligation (GVL) and endoscopic N-butyl-2-cyanoacrylate injection (GVO). Liver patients with cirrhosis with or without concomitant hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and patients presenting with acute GVH were randomized into two treatment groups. Forty-eight patients received GVL, and another 49 patients received GVO. Both treatments were equally successful in controlling active bleeding (14/15 vs. 14/15, P = 1.000). More of the patients who underwent GVL had GV rebleeding (GVL vs. GVO, 21/48 vs. 11/49; P = .044). The 2-year and 3-year cumulative rate of GV rebleeding were 63.1% and 72.3% for GVL, and 26.8% for both periods with GVO; P = .0143, log-rank test. The rebleeding risk of GVL was sustained throughout the entire follow-up period. Multivariate Cox regression indicated that concomitance with HCC (relative hazard: 2.453, 95% CI: 1.036-5.806, P = .041) and the treatment method (GVL vs. GVO, relative hazard: 2.660, 95% CI: 1.167-6.061, P = .020) were independent factors predictive of GV rebleeding. There was no difference in survival between the two groups. Severe complications attributable to these two treatments were rare. In conclusion, the efficacy of GVL to control active GVH appears not different to GVO, but GVO is associated with a lower GV rebleeding rate.
Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Veterans General Hospital-Taipei and National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
Pen-Chung
PC
Tan
Ming-Chih
MC
Hou
Han-Chieh
HC
Lin
Tsu-Te
TT
Liu
Fa-Yauh
FY
Lee
Full-Young
FY
Chang
Shou-Dong
SD
Lee
D000208:Acute Disease; D000368:Aged; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000150:complications; D004659:Enbucrilate / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004932:Esophageal and Gastric Varices / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005773:Gastroscopy; D006487:Hemostasis; D006801:Humans; D015552:Injections, Intralesional; D008026:Ligation / Q000379:methods; D008103:Liver Cirrhosis / Q000150:complications; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000150:complications; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012008:Recurrence; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014014:Tissue Adhesives / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D014014:Tissue Adhesives; D004659:Enbucrilate