Proliferative response of gingival cells to ultrasonic and/or vibration toothbrushes.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effects of ultrasonic and/or vibration toothbrushes on cell proliferation and collagen synthesis.


METHODS
In eight dogs, teeth and gingivae were stimulated once a day as follows: the first quadrant with an ultrasonic toothbrush (1.6 MHz); the second one with a mechanical vibratory toothbrush (141 Hz); and the third one with a toothbrush generating both the ultrasound and the vibration. The fourth quadrant served as a control. Proliferative activity and collagen synthesis of gingival cells were evaluated by assaying the expression of proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) and procollagen type I C-peptide (PIP), respectively.


RESULTS
After 5 weeks, ultrasonic or vibratory toothbrushes increased the numbers of PCNA-positive fibroblasts and PIP-positive fibroblasts. Toothbrushing with a combination of ultrasound and mechanical vibration increased the numbers of PIP-positive fibroblasts, total fibroblasts and vascular endothelial cells to a greater extent than the one with only ultrasound alone. Vibratory toothbrush, but not the ultrasonic one, induced an increase in collagen density without gingival overgrowth.
Kusano
Hiroki
H
Department of Oral Health, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 2-5-1 Shikata-cho, Okayama 700-8525, Japan.
Tomofuji
Takaaki
T
Azuma
Tetsuji
T
Sakamoto
Tomonori
T
Yamamoto
Tatsuo
T
Watanabe
Tatsuo
T
D000818:Animals; D002452:Cell Count; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D003094:Collagen / Q000032:analysis / Q000096:biosynthesis; D003239:Connective Tissue Cells / Q000166:cytology; D004285:Dogs; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology; D004867:Equipment Design; D005347:Fibroblasts / Q000166:cytology; D005881:Gingiva / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000032:analysis; D011347:Procollagen / Q000032:analysis; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen / Q000032:analysis; D011897:Random Allocation; D013010:Sonication; D014099:Toothbrushing / Q000295:instrumentation*; D014465:Ultrasonics; D014732:Vibration; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000032:analysis
D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011347:Procollagen; D018809:Proliferating Cell Nuclear Antigen; C042813:procollagen type I carboxy terminal peptide; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; D003094:Collagen