Oxidative stress in renal anemia of hemodialysis patients is mitigated by epoetin treatment.
OBJECTIVE
Oxidative stress often occurs in chronic hemodialysis (HD) patients. The objective of our study was to investigate the interrelationship between oxidative stress and the degree of renal anemia.


METHODS
In 107 consecutive HD patients, serum concentrations of two major aldehydic lipid peroxidation (LPO) products, 4-hydroxynonenal (HNE) and malondialdehyde (MDA), and of protein carbonyls were analyzed as parameters of oxidative stress and related to the degree of renal anemia. Additionally, in 76 patients treated with epoetin long-term changes in the serum levels of aldehydic LPO products were observed.


RESULTS
In HD patients, serum levels of HNE, MDA, and protein carbonyls are increased in comparison to controls. The lower the hemoglobin, i.e. the stronger the degree of renal anemia, the higher the serum concentrations of HNE, MDA, and protein carbonyls. The HNE and MDA levels decreased during HD. Long-term studies on the correction of renal anemia by epoetin demonstrated a mitigation of oxidative stress during this therapy. During periods of 1 and 2 years, it was observed that the serum levels of HNE and MDA could be reduced.


CONCLUSIONS
Chronic renal failure is connected with oxidative stress which correlates with the degree of renal anemia, and the serum levels of aldehydic LPO products could be reduced during correction of renal anemia by epoetin.
Siems
Werner
W
Research Institute of Physiotherapy and Gerontology, Loges-School of Physiotherapy, Bad Harzburg, Germany. werner.siems@t-online.de
Carluccio
Francesco
F
Radenkovic
Sonja
S
Grune
Tilman
T
Hampl
Hannelore
H
D000368:Aged; D000447:Aldehydes / Q000097:blood; D000740:Anemia / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology*; D001798:Blood Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D000068817:Epoetin Alfa; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006397:Hematinics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008315:Malondialdehyde / Q000097:blood; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*
D000447:Aldehydes; D001798:Blood Proteins; D006397:Hematinics; D006454:Hemoglobins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004921:Erythropoietin; C013166:2-nonenal; D008315:Malondialdehyde; D000068817:Epoetin Alfa