Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 3C-like protease-induced apoptosis.
The pathogenesis of severe acute respiratory syndrome-associated coronavirus (SARS-CoV) is an important issue for the treatment and prevention of severe acute respiratory syndrome. Recently, SARS-CoV has been demonstrated to induce cell apoptosis in Vero-E6 cells. The possible role of SARS-CoV 3C-like protease (3CLpro) in virus-induced apoptosis is characterized in this study. Growth arrest and apoptosis via caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities were demonstrated in SARS-CoV 3CLpro -expressing human promonocyte cells. The fluorescence intensity of dihydrorhodamine 123 staining indicated that cellular reactive oxygen species were markedly increased in SARS-CoV 3CLpro -expressing cells. Moreover, in vivo signalling pathway assay indicated that 3CLpro increased the activation of the nuclear factor-kappa B-dependent reporter, but inhibited activator protein-1-dependent transcription. This finding is likely to be responsible for virus-induced apoptotic signalling.
Lin
Cheng-Wen
CW
Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan. cwlin@mail.cmu.edu.tw
Lin
Kuan-Hsun
KH
Hsieh
Tsung-Han
TH
Shiu
Shi-Yi
SY
Li
Jeng-Yi
JY
D000086042:3C Viral Proteases; D017304:Annexin A5 / Q000737:chemistry; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000276:immunology*; D053148:Caspase 3; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D002460:Cell Line; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000276:immunology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D012235:Rhodamines / Q000737:chemistry; D045473:Severe acute respiratory syndrome-related coronavirus / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D045169:Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome / Q000821:virology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000276:immunology; D014162:Transfection; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*
D017304:Annexin A5; D016328:NF-kappa B; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D012235:Rhodamines; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; D014764:Viral Proteins; C058319:dihydrorhodamine 123; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; C506433:CASP9 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D053453:Caspase 9; D020169:Caspases; D003546:Cysteine Endopeptidases; D000086042:3C Viral Proteases