Variables contributing to the coordination of rapid eye/head gaze shifts.
In this article results of several published studies are synthesized in order to address the neural system for the determination of eye and head movement amplitudes of horizontal eye/head gaze shifts with arbitrary initial head and eye positions. Target position, initial head position, and initial eye position span the space of physical parameters for a planned eye/head gaze saccade. The principal result is that a functional mechanism for determining the amplitudes of the component eye and head movements must use the entire space of variables. Moreover, it is shown that amplitudes cannot be determined additively by summing contributions from single variables. Many earlier models calculate amplitudes as a function of one or two variables and/or restrict consideration to best-fit linear formulae. Our analysis systematically eliminates such models as candidates for a system that can generate appropriate movements for all possible initial conditions. The results of this study are stated in terms of properties of the response system. Certain axiom sets for the intrinsic organization of the response system obey these properties. We briefly provide one example of such an axiomatic model. The results presented in this article help to characterize the actual neural system for the control of rapid eye/head gaze shifts by showing that, in order to account for behavioral data, certain physical quantities must be represented in and used by the neural system. Our theoretical analysis generates predictions and identifies gaps in the data. We suggest needed experiments.
Hanes
Douglas A
DA
Neuro-otology Department, Legacy Research Center, 1225 NE 2nd Avenue, Portland, OR 97232, USA. douglash@neurotology.org
McCollum
Gin
G
D000465:Algorithms; D002490:Central Nervous System / Q000502:physiology; D005403:Fixation, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D019416:Head Movements / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008959:Models, Neurological; D009334:Neck Muscles / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D009949:Orientation / Q000502:physiology; D011597:Psychomotor Performance / Q000502:physiology*; D011930:Reaction Time / Q000502:physiology; D012399:Rotation; D012438:Saccades / Q000502:physiology*; D013028:Space Perception / Q000502:physiology; D014794:Visual Fields / Q000502:physiology