Cyclooxygenase-2 rescues rat mesangial cells from apoptosis induced by adriamycin via upregulation of multidrug resistance protein 1 (P-glycoprotein).
Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is constitutively expressed in restricted subpopulations of kidney cells, where it presumably acts as an antiapoptotic factor. In conditions that are characterized by inflammation, COX-2 expression also has been described in glomerular mesangial cells (GMC), where COX-2 is not expressed constitutively. It was shown previously that adenovirus-mediated gene transfer of COX-2 into rat GMC led to increased expression and activity of multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR-1), a membrane transporter that functions as an efflux pump for chemotherapeutic drugs, including Adriamycin (ADR). In ADR nephrotoxicity, a pathologic change in glomeruli could be partially explained by ADR-mediated changes in GMC. Here it is demonstrated that ADR (also known as doxorubicin; 1 microg/ml) induced apoptosis in 15.3 +/- 2.2% of GMC, whereas after adenovirus-mediated COX-2 expression, only 6.6 +/- 0.4% of ADR-treated cells underwent apoptosis. This protective effect was nullified by treatment with NS398, specific COX-2 inhibitor. ADR efflux is greater in COX-2-overexpressing cells, when compared with control, which is attributed to the increased MDR-1 expression. Addition of PSC833, the specific MDR-1 inhibitor, completely abolished the protective effect of COX-2 overexpression and increased the level of apoptosis in GMC that were exposed to ADR. These data suggest that COX-2 protects GMC from ADR-mediated apoptosis via transcriptional upregulation of MDR-1 and that induced COX-2 expression would lessen ADR nephrotoxicity.
Miller
Bradley
B
Department of Medicine, Cardiovascular Research Center, Medical College of Wisconsin, 8701 Watertown Plank Road, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
Patel
Vimal A
VA
Sorokin
Andrey
A
D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003524:Cyclosporins / Q000494:pharmacology; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000633:toxicity*; D005920:Glomerular Mesangium / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D015854:Up-Regulation; D000097202:ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 4
D018435:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B; D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D003524:Cyclosporins; D004317:Doxorubicin; D000097202:ATP-Binding Cassette Sub-Family B Member 4; C489691:Ptgs2 protein, rat; C070272:valspodar