Intervention development in occupational research: an example from the printing industry.
BACKGROUND
Intervention development research is an essential prerequisite of any study that attempts to determine whether specific interventions work to prevent work related injury and illness.


METHODS
Focus groups (n = 5) and direct observational studies (n = 21) of printers were used to elicit key issues that would aid the development of subsequent interventions. Transcripts from these were analysed by standard qualitative methods to identify common and related themes.


RESULTS
The views of managers differed significantly from those of print workers in a number of areas, and working practices did not always follow policy. The majority of printers did not perceive dermatitis to be a major problem, although many complained of dry hands. Other key results included: the lack of skin care policy in most companies; poor understanding of the nature, causes, and treatment of dermatitis; low priority of dermatitis within health and safety concerns; little or no provision of occupational health services, particularly skin checks; variability in provision of and access to appropriate skin protection; and lack of accessible washing facilities.


CONCLUSIONS
As a result it was decided to evaluate the implementation of four


METHODS
provision of (1) skin checks and treatment advice; (2) gloves of the correct type and size, and use of an after-work cream; (3) information on dermatitis within the printing industry; and (4) development of best practice skin care policy.
Brown
T P
TP
MRC Institute for Environment and Health, Leicester, UK. terry.brown@hsl.gov.uk
Rushton
L
L
Williams
H C
HC
English
J S C
JS
D001294:Attitude to Health; D003376:Counseling / Q000379:methods / Q000592:standards; D003695:Delivery of Health Care / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards; D009783:Dermatitis, Occupational / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D003879:Dermatologic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D017144:Focus Groups; D017575:Gloves, Protective / Q000592:standards / Q000600:supply & distribution; D006235:Hand Disinfection; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D006801:Humans; D016272:Occupational Health; D009786:Occupational Health Services / Q000592:standards / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D009824:Ointments / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011327:Printing; D017751:Safety Management / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000592:standards; D012882:Skin Tests / Q000379:methods; D012915:Soaps / Q000633:toxicity; D012997:Solvents / Q000633:toxicity; D006113:United Kingdom
D003879:Dermatologic Agents; D009824:Ointments; D012915:Soaps; D012997:Solvents