Reproducibility of a scoring system for computed tomography scanning in cystic fibrosis.
BACKGROUND
Computerized tomography (CT) scanning shows promise as an outcome surrogate for cystic fibrosis (CF) lung disease progression. The scoring system used to convert the CT image to numeric data is an essential determinant of the performance of CT scanning.


METHODS
Three radiologists independently scored 16 high-resolution CT scans performed on children in the Wisconsin CF Neonatal Screening Project. The test scans were selected to provide a broad range of disease severity. The scoring system provided subscores for the presence and severity of 5 findings of CF lung disease. The sum of the subscores provided a total score. The CT scans were then read again by each of the radiologists at least 11 months later. Using Mixed Effects Linear Model Analysis, the sources of error (scan-to-scan variation, interrater variance, and intrarater variance) were calculated.


RESULTS
For the total score, the scan-to-scan variation was 14.48, interrater variance was 0.28, and intrarater variance was 0.45, with an overall reproducibility of 95%. The square root of scan-to-scan variance, a measure of sensitivity, was 3.81. Evaluation of the subscores showed higher reproducibility for bronchiectasis and hyperinflation (95% and 88%, respectively). The bronchiectasis score was more sensitive than the air-trapping score (1.46 vs. 0.89).


CONCLUSIONS
This system was developed to provide a reproducible method that could be used to evaluate the lobar location, severity, and extent of a broad spectrum of CT features of CF lung disease, especially in children. This study demonstrates that the overall score is both sensitive to variation in the severity of lung disease and reproducible.
Brody
Alan S
AS
Department of Radiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA. alan.brody@cchmc.org
Kosorok
Michael R
MR
Li
Zhanhai
Z
Broderick
Lynn S
LS
Foster
Jeffrey L
JL
Laxova
Anita
A
Bandla
Hari
H
Farrell
Philip M
PM
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D003550:Cystic Fibrosis / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D015588:Observer Variation; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data