The levansucrase and inulosucrase enzymes of Lactobacillus reuteri 121 catalyse processive and non-processive transglycosylation reactions.
Bacterial fructosyltransferase (FTF) enzymes synthesize fructan polymers from sucrose. FTFs catalyse two different reactions, depending on the nature of the acceptor, resulting in: (i) transglycosylation, when the growing fructan chain (polymerization), or mono- and oligosaccharides (oligosaccharide synthesis), are used as the acceptor substrate; (ii) hydrolysis, when water is used as the acceptor. Lactobacillus reuteri 121 levansucrase (Lev) and inulosucrase (Inu) enzymes are closely related at the amino acid sequence level (86 % similarity). Also, the eight amino acid residues known to be involved in catalysis and/or sucrose binding are completely conserved. Nevertheless, these enzymes differ markedly in their reaction and product specificities, i.e. in beta(2-->6)- versus beta(2-->1)-glycosidic-bond specificity (resulting in levan and inulin synthesis, respectively), and in the ratio of hydrolysis versus transglycosylation activities [resulting in glucose and fructooligosaccharides (FOSs)/polymer synthesis, respectively]. The authors report a detailed characterization of the transglycosylation reaction products synthesized by the Lb. reuteri 121 Lev and Inu enzymes from sucrose and related oligosaccharide substrates. Lev mainly converted sucrose into a large levan polymer (processive reaction), whereas Inu synthesized mainly a broad range of FOSs of the inulin type (non-processive reaction). Interestingly, the two FTF enzymes were also able to utilize various inulin-type FOSs (1-kestose, 1,1-nystose and 1,1,1-kestopentaose) as substrates, catalysing a disproportionation reaction; to the best of our knowledge, this has not been reported for bacterial FTF enzymes. Based on these data, a model is proposed for the organization of the sugar-binding subsites in the two Lb. reuteri 121 FTF enzymes. This model also explains the catalytic mechanism of the enzymes, and differences in their product specificities.
Ozimek
Lukasz K
LK
Department of Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Kerklaan 30, 9751 NN, Haren, The Netherlands.|Centre for Carbohydrate Bioprocessing (CCB), TNO-University of Groningen, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, The Netherlands.
Kralj
Slavko
S
Department of Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Kerklaan 30, 9751 NN, Haren, The Netherlands.|Centre for Carbohydrate Bioprocessing (CCB), TNO-University of Groningen, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, The Netherlands.
van der Maarel
Marc J E C
MJEC
Innovative Ingredients and Products, TNO Quality of Life, Rouaanstraat 27, 9723 CC, Groningen, The Netherlands.|Centre for Carbohydrate Bioprocessing (CCB), TNO-University of Groningen, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, The Netherlands.
Dijkhuizen
Lubbert
L
Department of Microbiology, Groningen Biomolecular Sciences and Biotechnology Institute (GBB), University of Groningen, Kerklaan 30, 9751 NN, Haren, The Netherlands.|Centre for Carbohydrate Bioprocessing (CCB), TNO-University of Groningen, PO Box 14, 9750 AA Haren, The Netherlands.
D001665:Binding Sites; D002852:Chromatography, Ion Exchange; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D005630:Fructans / Q000378:metabolism; D006031:Glycosylation; D006602:Hexosyltransferases / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D052200:Limosilactobacillus reuteri / Q000201:enzymology*; D009844:Oligosaccharides / Q000378:metabolism; D013379:Substrate Specificity; D013395:Sucrose / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins
D005630:Fructans; D006602:Hexosyltransferases; D009844:Oligosaccharides; D013395:Sucrose; C116580:fructooligosaccharide; C072599:levan; C021513:levansucrase; C021451:inulosucrase; D001426:Bacterial Proteins