Running in pregnancy transiently increases postnatal hippocampal neurogenesis in the offspring.
Voluntary wheel running of mice in pregnancy and lactation led to a twofold increase in hippocampal precursor-cell proliferation and in the number of Prox1-expressing lineage-determined cells at postnatal day 8 (P8). At P36, the number of newly generated granule cells approximately doubled, resulting in a 40% higher total number of granule cells in pups from running dams as compared with controls. Cell proliferation at embryonic day 15 (E15), in contrast, was decreased in the progeny of exercising mice, and the birth weight was reduced. At P49, body weight had normalized, and hippocampal neurogenesis was not different between the two groups. mRNA for FGF2 was expressed at higher levels at E15 and P8 in runner pups, whereas VEGF was increased only at E15. Insulin-like growth factor did not show differences at any time point. At P36, no differences for any of the factors were found. Our data indicate that maternal behavior and physical activity affects infantile growth-factor expression and can transiently stimulate postnatal hippocampal development in the offspring.
Volkswagen-Stiftung Research Group, Department of Experimental Neurology, Charité University Medicine, and Max Delbrück Center for Molecular Medicine, Berlin-Buch, D-13125 Berlin, Germany.
Anika
A
Bick-Sander
Barbara
B
Steiner
Susanne A
SA
Wolf
Harish
H
Babu
Gerd
G
Kempermann
D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2 / Q000235:genetics; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000378:metabolism; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology; D008425:Maternal Behavior / Q000502:physiology*; D008431:Maternal-Fetal Exchange; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D011247:Pregnancy; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012420:Running / Q000502:physiology*; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics
D012333:RNA, Messenger; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A; D016222:Fibroblast Growth Factor 2