Detection of spallation neutrons and protons using the (nat)Cd activation technique in transmutation experiments at Dubna.
Various spallation sources have been used to transmute long-lived radioactive waste, mostly making use of the wide energy neutron fluence. In addition to neutrons, a large number of protons and gamma rays are also emitted from these sources. In this paper (nat)Cd is proved to be a useful activation detector for determining both thermal-epithermal neutron as well as secondary proton fluences. The fluences measured with (nat)Cd compared with other experimental data and calculations of DCM-DEM code were found to be in reasonable agreement. An accumulation of thermal-epithermal neutrons around the center of the target (i.e. after approx. 10 cm) and of secondary protons towards the end of the target is observed.
Manolopoulou
M
M
Physics Department, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Thessaloniki 54124, Hellas, Greece. metaxia@auth.gr
Stoulos
S
S
Fragopoulou
M
M
Brandt
R
R
Westmeier
W
W
Krivopustov
M
M
Sosnin
A
A
Zamani
M
M