An assessment of the diagnosis and management of dementia in nursing homes.
OBJECTIVE
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the diagnosis and management of dementia in the nursing home setting through use of the Mini-Mental State Examination (MMSE) and monitoring of acetylcholinesterase-inhibitor (ACHEI) therapy.


METHODS
Longitudinal cross-sectional study.


METHODS
Long-term care facilities in Indiana.


METHODS
Residents in long-term care facilities were included.


METHODS
The number of residents with MMSE scores indicative of dementia, the presence of a dementia diagnosis, and receipt of ACHEI therapy.


RESULTS
Data were collected on 782 residents. An MMSE score was available within the past 12 months in 456 (58.3%) of residents. The median MMSE score was 17 and ranged from 0 to 30 points. Out of the total population, ACHEI therapy was prescribed in 165 (21.1%) residents. Seventy-five (29.2%) of the residents with mild-moderate dementia (MMSE = 10-26) were prescribed ACHEI therapy. The most frequently prescribed ACHEI was donepezil 10 mg/day prescribed in 98 (59.4%) of the residents receiving ACHEI therapy. Average length of ACHEI therapy was 9.0 months.


CONCLUSIONS
MMSE scores were not available in a large proportion of this nursing home population (41.7%). Of those residents with an available MMSE score, a significant number of them had scores indicative of dementia. Despite having scores indicative of dementia, 182 (70.8%) residents were not receiving AChEI therapy. An assessment to determine why residents were not receiving therapy is needed. Opportunities exist to improve the screening, diagnosis, and treatment of dementia in the nursing home setting.
Mann
Jodi L
JL
Butler University College of Pharmacy, Indianapolis, Indiana, USA.
Evans
Tamara S
TS
O'Hara
Lisa M
LM