B cell immunobiology in disease: evolving concepts from the clinic.
The pathogenic roles of B cells in autoimmune diseases occur through several mechanistic pathways that include autoantibodies, immune complexes, dendritic and T cell activation, cytokine synthesis, chemokine-mediated functions, and ectopic neolymphogenesis. Each of these pathways participate to different degrees in autoimmune diseases. The use of B cell-targeted and B cell subset-targeted therapies in humans is illuminating the mechanisms at work in a variety of human autoimmune diseases. In this review, we highlight some of these recent findings that provide insights into both murine models of autoimmunity and human autoimmune diseases.
Department of Immunology, Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California 94080, USA. flavius@gene.com
Flavius
F
Martin
Andrew C
AC
Chan
D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D015703:Antigens, CD; D001323:Autoantibodies; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D015551:Autoimmunity; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D002470:Cell Survival; D006801:Humans; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008212:Lymphocyte Depletion; D008221:Lymphoid Tissue / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D018448:Models, Immunological; D011323:Primates; D011947:Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000936:Antigen-Antibody Complex; D015703:Antigens, CD; D001323:Autoantibodies; D011947:Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell