Multiplexed protein array platforms for analysis of autoimmune diseases.
Several proteomics platforms have emerged in the past decade that show great promise for filling in the many gaps that remain from earlier studies of the genome and from the sequencing of the human genome itself. This review describes applications of proteomics technologies to the study of autoimmune diseases. We focus largely on biased technology platforms that are capable of analyzing a large panel of known analytes, as opposed to techniques such as two-dimensional gel electrophoresis (2DIGE) or mass spectroscopy that represent unbiased approaches (as reviewed in 1). At present, the main analytes that can be systematically studied in autoimmunity include autoantibodies, cytokines and chemokines, components of signaling pathways, and cell-surface receptors. We review the most commonly used platforms for such studies, citing important discoveries and limitations that exist. We conclude by reviewing advances in biomedical informatics that will eventually allow the human proteome to be deciphered.
Department of Medicine, Division of Immunology and Rheumatology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, California 94305, USA.
Imelda
I
Balboni
Steven M
SM
Chan
Michael
M
Kattah
Jessica D
JD
Tenenbaum
Atul J
AJ
Butte
Paul J
PJ
Utz
D001323:Autoantibodies / Q000145:classification; D001324:Autoantigens / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy; D002469:Cell Separation; D016207:Cytokines / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D011379:Prognosis; D040081:Protein Array Analysis / Q000379:methods*; D040901:Proteomics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015398:Signal Transduction
D001323:Autoantibodies; D001324:Autoantigens; D016207:Cytokines