Presence of immunounreactive albumin in the urine of diabetic patients.
Recent studies have demonstrated that conventional immunochemical assays underestimate urinary albumin concentration because of the presence of immunounreactive albumin. It has been reported that intact urinary albumin in 24-hr diabetic urine samples could be detected as total concentration (immunoreactive+immunounreactive) by an HPLC method based on size exclusion chromatography. The aim of this study was to investigate urinary albumin concentration in diabetic spot urine samples by comparing the HPLC method with several other methods. The albumin concentrations on 80 diabetic spot urine specimens were measured by turbidimetric immunoassay (TIA), high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and a dipstick method. In addition, they were also analyzed by reducing sodium dodecyl sulfate polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (SDS PAGE) and native polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (Native PAGE). The albumin concentrations derived from diabetic spot urine samples measured by the HPLC method were higher than those of the other methods except for five of 80 samples. Furthermore, the albumin concentrations analyzed by Native PAGE were higher than SDS PAGE in 61 (76.2%) of 80 samples. This study suggests the need for evaluating diabetes not only by HPLC, but also by combining it with another method.
Analytical Laboratory Chemistry, Graduate School of Allied Health Sciences, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Tokyo, Japan.
Aki
A
Nakayama
Takashi
T
Ida
Yoshiji
Y
Hatano
Kayoko
K
Oohara
Hiroshi
H
Yoshida
Toshiaki
T
Baba
Hisashi
H
Sakamoto
Kiyoko
K
Shiba
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000418:Albumins / Q000032:analysis* / Q000276:immunology; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000150:complications* / Q000276:immunology*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000150:complications* / Q000652:urine*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004591:Electrophoresis, Polyacrylamide Gel; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007118:Immunoassay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009391:Nephelometry and Turbidimetry; D014556:Urine / Q000737:chemistry*
D000418:Albumins