Ultrastructural analysis of TiO2 nanotubes with photodecomposition of water into O2 and H2 implanted in the nude mouse.
To analyze the biocompatibility and O2 generation of TiO2 nanotubes via photodecomposition of water into O2 and H2 in vivo, samples were implanted under the inguinal skin of the nude mouse. Venous oxygen saturation (SvO2) of the inguinal skin over the implanted region was measured with a tissue oximeter and the ultrastructures were examined with an electron microscope. Four weeks after the implantation, SvO2 of the inguinal skin of the groups with TiO2 nanotubes was 30-40% higher than that of the opposite control region (54%). SvO2 of the other groups, comprising splenic autografts, fetal cardiac tissue transplantation and surgical procedure without TiO2 nanotubes, was roughly the same as that of controls. Ultrastructurally, TiO2 nanotubes were phagocytized by the macrophage and promoted filament formation in its cytoplasm. Neither death of the cell nor destruction of the tissue was recognized. These findings indicate excellent biocompatibility and O2 generation of TiO2 nanotubes in vivo.
Department of Histlogy and Embryology and Organ Technology, Shinshu University School of Medicine, 3-1-1 Asahi Matsumoto, Nagano 390-8621, Japan. ksasaki@sch.md.shinshu-u.ac.jp
Katsunori
K
Sasaki
Kazuhiko
K
Asanuma
Kohei
K
Johkura
Tomoko
T
Kasuga
Yasumitsu
Y
Okouchi
Naoko
N
Ogiwara
Suguru
S
Kubota
Ruifeng
R
Teng
Li
L
Cui
Xu
X
Zhao
D000818:Animals; D004343:Drug Implants; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D008819:Mice, Nude; D010777:Photochemistry; D012867:Skin / Q000648:ultrastructure; D014025:Titanium / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
D004343:Drug Implants; D014867:Water; C009495:titanium dioxide; D014025:Titanium