Outcomes of a multifaceted physical activity regimen as part of a diabetes self-management intervention.
BACKGROUND
Physical activity (PA) is important for management of diabetes, yet practical interventions that achieve sustained behavior change are rare.


OBJECTIVE
The goals of this research were to evaluate the effectiveness of a multifaceted PA intervention for people with type 2 diabetes that emphasized participant choice in activity selection. Baseline activity patterns were examined to determine whether they predicted changes in PA at 2 months.


METHODS
Three hundred thirty-five participants were recruited from 42 primary care physicians and then randomized to either a computer-assisted, tailored self-management intervention (N = 174) or health risk appraisal with feedback control (N = 161). Primary outcome measures included the Community Healthy Activities Model Program for Seniors Questionnaire, diet, and psychosocial assessments at baseline and 2 months.


RESULTS
For 301 participants who completed the 2-month follow-up, the intervention significantly improved all PA (p < .01) and moderate PA (metabolic equivalents > 3.0, p < 01) relative to controls. Baseline cluster analyses grouped participant activity patterns into three categories. At 2 months, cluster assignment differentially predicted change in calories expended in moderate, rote, sport, and lifestyle PA.


CONCLUSIONS
A computer-assisted, multifaceted approach to PA demonstrated improvement after 2 months. The results suggest that individuals are capable of adjusting their activity patterns to maximize their PA.
Kaiser Permanente, Denver, Colorado 82037-8066, USA. diane.king@kp.org
Diane K
DK
King
Paul A
PA
Estabrooks
Lisa A
LA
Strycker
Deborah J
DJ
Toobert
Sheana S
SS
Bull
Russell E
RE
Glasgow
D002755:Choice Behavior; D003120:Colorado; D003194:Computer-Assisted Instruction / Q000379:methods; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000523:psychology; D015444:Exercise; D005260:Female; D015438:Health Behavior; D006304:Health Status; D006801:Humans; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009043:Motor Activity; D012648:Self Care / Q000523:psychology