Reviewer agreement trends from four years of electronic submissions of conference abstract.
BACKGROUND
The purpose of this study was to determine the inter-rater agreement between reviewers on the quality of abstract submissions to an annual national scientific meeting (Canadian Association of Emergency Physicians; CAEP) to identify factors associated with low agreement.


METHODS
All abstracts were submitted using an on-line system and assessed by three volunteer CAEP reviewers blinded to the abstracts' source. Reviewers used an on-line form specific for each type of study design to score abstracts based on nine criteria, each contributing from two to six points toward the total (maximum 24). The final score was determined to be the mean of the three reviewers' scores using Intraclass Correlation Coefficient (ICC).


RESULTS
495 Abstracts were received electronically during the four-year period, 2001-2004, increasing from 94 abstracts in 2001 to 165 in 2004. The mean score for submitted abstracts over the four years was 14.4 (95% CI: 14.1-14.6). While there was no significant difference between mean total scores over the four years (p = 0.23), the ICC increased from fair (0.36; 95% CI: 0.24-0.49) to moderate (0.59; 95% CI: 0.50-0.68). Reviewers agreed less on individual criteria than on the total score in general, and less on subjective than objective criteria.


CONCLUSIONS
The correlation between reviewers' total scores suggests general recognition of "high quality" and "low quality" abstracts. Criteria based on the presence/absence of objective methodological parameters (i.e., blinding in a controlled clinical trial) resulted in higher inter-rater agreement than the more subjective and opinion-based criteria. In future abstract competitions, defining criteria more objectively so that reviewers can base their responses on empirical evidence may lead to increased consistency of scoring and, presumably, increased fairness to submitters.
Department of Emergency Medicine, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada. brian.rowe@ualberta.ca
Brian H
BH
Rowe
Trevor L
TL
Strome
Carol
C
Spooner
Sandra
S
Blitz
Eric
E
Grafstein
Andrew
A
Worster
D000043:Abstracting and Indexing / Q000145:classification / Q000592:standards*; D002170:Canada; D003226:Congresses as Topic; D032921:Consensus; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D004635:Emergency Medicine; D006801:Humans; D007600:Judgment; D015588:Observer Variation; D009862:Online Systems; D017712:Peer Review, Research; D011786:Quality Control; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012107:Research Design