Denture use, malnutrition, frailty, and mortality among older women living in the community.
BACKGROUND
The relationships between denture use, malnutrition, frailty, and mortality in older women have not been well characterized.


OBJECTIVE
To determine whether women who use dentures and have difficulty chewing or swallowing are at higher risk of malnutrition, frailty, and mortality.


METHODS
Cross-sectional and longitudinal study of 826 women, aged 70-79, from the Women's Health and Aging Studies, two population-based longitudinal studies of community-dwelling women in Baltimore, Maryland. At enrollment, data on frailty and self-reported denture use and difficulty chewing or swallowing that limited the ability to eat was collected, and plasma vitamins A, D, E, B6, and B12, carotenoids, folate, and albumin were measured.


RESULTS
63.5% of women reported using dentures, of whom 11.6% reported difficulty chewing or swallowing food. Denture users with and without difficulty chewing or swallowing and those not using dentures had, respectively, geometric mean (95% Confidence Interval [C.I.]) total plasma carotenoid concentrations of 1.481 (1.302, 1.684), 1.616 (1.535, 1.700), and 1.840 (1.728, 1.958) micromol/L, respectively (P < 0.0001), and 25- hydroxyvitamin D of 50.90 (44.25, 58.55), 47.46 (45.15, 50.40), and 54.0 (50.9, 56.8) nmol/L (P < 0.0001). The proportion using dentures among non-frail, pre-frail, and frail women was 58%, 66%, and 73%, respectively (P = 0.018). Women who used dentures and reported difficulty chewing or swallowing had lower five-year survival (H.R. 1.43, 95% C.I. 1.05-1.97), after adjusting for potential confounders.


CONCLUSIONS
Older women living in the community who use dentures and have difficulty chewing or swallowing have a higher risk of malnutrition, frailty, and mortality.
Semba
R D
RD
The Johns Hopkins Medical Institutions, Baltimore, MD 21205, USA. rdsemba@jhmi.edu
Blaum
C S
CS
Bartali
B
B
Xue
Q L
QL
Ricks
M O
MO
Guralnik
J M
JM
Fried
L P
LP
D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000097:blood / Q000473:pathology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003679:Deglutition / Q000502:physiology; D003778:Dentures / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D016330:Frail Elderly; D006801:Humans; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D044342:Malnutrition / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D008396:Maryland; D008409:Mastication / Q000502:physiology; D018977:Micronutrients / Q000097:blood; D009909:Oral Health; D012307:Risk Factors; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016387:Women's Health
D018977:Micronutrients