Surgical anatomy of the recurrent laryngeal nerves and its clinical applications in chinese adults.
OBJECTIVE
When removing the thyroid gland, great care must be taken to avoid damaging the recurrent laryngeal nerves (RLNs). The present study aims to present a clear picture of certain anatomical features of the RLNs in relation to the inferior thyroid artery (ITA), the tracheoesophageal groove (TE), Berry's ligament, and the inferior cornu of the thyroid cartilage in Chinese adults.


METHODS
We removed a collective 120 RLNs from 60 Chinese adult cadavers (52 men and 8 women), and examined their anatomic course and relationship on both sides.


RESULTS
The right and left RLNs were found in the tracheoesophageal groove in 78.3% and 91.3% of cases, respectively. Both RLNs were found posterior to and to the right of the ITA in 80% of cases, and one was found on the left side of the ITA in 91.7%. Most of the RLNs were within 3 mm of Berry's ligament, with a laryngeal entry point about 0.8 cm below and just anterior to the inferior horn of the thyroid cartilage.


CONCLUSIONS
The inferior cornu of the thyroid cartilage is a reliable landmark in identifying the RLNs. Racial variations between Caucasians and Chinese may explain some anatomic differences.
Uen
Yih-Huei
YH
Division of Surgery, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
Chen
Tien-Hua
TH
Shyu
Jia-Fwu
JF
Shyr
Yi-Ming
YM
Su
Cheng-Hsi
CH
Chen
Jui-Yu
JY
Lee
Chen-Shen
CS
Liu
Jiang-Chuan
JC
D044466:Asian People; D001344:Autopsy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007823:Laryngeal Nerves / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012009:Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D061226:Recurrent Laryngeal Nerve Injuries; D013624:Taiwan; D013965:Thyroidectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*