[Antiviral defense by APOBEC3 family proteins].
APOBEC3G is a potent antiretroviral factor, which belongs to the APOBEC superfamily of cytidine deaminases. It deaminates cytidine to uridine in nascent minus-strand viral DNA, inducing G-to-A hypermutation in the plus-strand viral DNA. HIV-1 Vif protein overcomes the antiviral activity of APOBEC3G by targeting it for ubiquitin-dependent degradation. Recent accumulating evidences that other members of APOBEC proteins also show antiviral activity on a wide variety of viruses suggest that APOBEC family proteins play a crucial role in an antiviral defense as an innate immunity. Here, we review recent progress in research on APOBEC3 proteins.
Takaori
Akifumi
A
Department of Hematology and Oncology, Graduate School of Medicine, Kyoto University, Japan. atakaori@kuhp.kyoto-u.ac.jp
D000071478:APOBEC Deaminases; D000818:Animals; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase / Q000502:physiology; D043525:Cytosine Deaminase / Q000502:physiology; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D016346:Gene Products, vif / Q000502:physiology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000472:pathogenicity; D006801:Humans; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics; D005810:Multigene Family; D054320:vif Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D016346:Gene Products, vif; D054320:vif Gene Products, Human Immunodeficiency Virus; D043525:Cytosine Deaminase; D000071478:APOBEC Deaminases; C502889:APOBEC3 proteins, human; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase