Type I IFN receptor signals directly stimulate local B cells early following influenza virus infection.
Rapidly developing Ab responses to influenza virus provide immune protection even during a primary infection. How these early B cell responses are regulated is incompletely understood. In this study, we show that the first direct stimulatory signal for local respiratory tract B cells during influenza virus infection is provided through the type I IFNR. IFNR-mediated signals were responsible for the influenza infection-induced local but not systemic up-regulation of CD69 and CD86 on virtually all lymph node B cells and for induction of a family of IFN-regulated genes within 48 h of infection. These direct IFNR-mediated signals were shown to affect both the magnitude and quality of the local virus-specific Ab response. Thus, ligand(s) of the type I IFNR are direct nonredundant early innate signals that regulate local antiviral B cell responses.
Center for Comparative Medicine, University of California, Davis, 95616, USA.
Elizabeth S
ES
Coro
W L William
WL
Chang
Nicole
N
Baumgarth
D000818:Animals; D000906:Antibodies / Q000276:immunology; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D005260:Female; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral; D007372:Interferons / Q000494:pharmacology; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009975:Orthomyxoviridae / Q000276:immunology*; D009976:Orthomyxoviridae Infections / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology; D053633:Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta; D017471:Receptors, Interferon / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D013997:Time Factors
D000906:Antibodies; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D017471:Receptors, Interferon; D053633:Receptor, Interferon alpha-beta; D007372:Interferons