Oxidative reactive species in cell injury: Mechanisms in diabetes mellitus and therapeutic approaches.
Mammalian cells are continuously subject to insult from reactive species. Most of the pathogenic mechanisms that have been considered to date reflect overproduction of reactive oxygen species (ROS) or a peculiar failure in intracellular defenses against ROS. We have attempted to consider briefly the most important mechanisms of ROS production, defense, and reactive species-induced cell damage and approaches to therapy, focusing on the example of diabetes mellitus. An improved understanding of these mechanisms should facilitate development of antioxidant intervention strategies leading to reduction in diseases associated with oxidative stress.
Fridlyand
Leonid E
LE
Department of Medicine, MC-1027, The University of Chicago, 5841 S. Maryland Ave., Chicago, IL 60637, USA.
Philipson
Louis H
LH
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002477:Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D048909:Diabetes Complications; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*
D000975:Antioxidants; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species