Rituximab in the management of chronic immune thrombocytopenic purpura: an effective and safe therapeutic alternative in refractory patients.
Rituximab induces B-cell depletion; therefore, it has been used in the treatment of immune thrombocytopenic purpura (ITP). The aim of this retrospective study was to evaluate the effectiveness of rituximab in the treatment of 89 patients with chronic ITP refractory to several treatments. All the patients had platelet counts <30 x 10(9)/l. They had received a median of five (2-13) previous treatments, and 47 had undergone splenectomy. Rituximab was administered i.v. at 375 mg/m(2) in four weekly doses in 77 patients, and 12 patients received 1-6 doses. Forty-nine patients (55.1%) reached platelet counts >50 x 10(9)/l; 41 (46%) achieved a complete response (CR; platelets >100 x 10(9)/l), and eight (9%) obtained a partial response (platelets 50-100 x 10(9)/l). Overall, 31 patients (35%) maintained response, including 15 patients in whom splenectomy failed, with a median follow-up of 9 months (2-42), 12 for more than 1 year. The unique predictor of a maintained response was to reach a CR. Heavily treated patients (more than three different previous treatments, including any corticosteroids) and those with longer ITP duration (>10 years from diagnosis) had a worse response. Non-splenectomized patients had a better early response rate than those splenectomized. Rituximab was well tolerated, with two fever episodes following infusion and two reports of skin rash. Rituximab induced clinical responses in multi-treated refractory ITP patients with little toxicity and should be considered as an early therapeutic option in this setting, even as an alternative to splenectomy in selected patients.
Francisco Javier
FJ
Peñalver
Victor
V
Jiménez-Yuste
Manuel
M
Almagro
Alberto
A
Alvarez-Larrán
Lluis
L
Rodríguez
Marisol
M
Casado
Laura
L
Gallur
Pilar
P
Giraldo
Roberto
R
Hernández
Dolores
D
Menor
Maria José
MJ
Rodríguez
Dolores
D
Caballero
Raúl
R
González
José
J
Mayans
Isabel
I
Millán
José Rafael
JR
Cabrera
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005076:Exanthema / Q000139:chemically induced; D005260:Female; D005334:Fever / Q000139:chemically induced; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010976:Platelet Count / Q000379:methods; D016553:Purpura, Thrombocytopenic, Idiopathic; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D000069283:Rituximab; D013030:Spain; D013156:Splenectomy; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D000069283:Rituximab