[Selected ethical problems in neonatology -- opinions of physicians and nurses based on questionnaire study].
AIM OF THIS PAPER: To present the opinions of doctors and nurses on the limitations of resuscitation and treatment of extremely premature newborns.


METHODS
Anonymous questionnaire studies were carried out in 342 doctors and 1194 nurses from 6 provinces of Poland. The authors compared the answers of doctors and nurses as well as the answers form different provinces. The results were processed using the Chi2 test, with the significance level p<0.05.


RESULTS
The will to resuscitate the neonate, regardless of its birth weight was declared by 29% of the physicians and 49% of the nurses, regardless of the gestational age - by 21% of the physicians and 47% of the nurses. Resuscitation of an extremely immature, asphyctic newborn was declared by 71% of the physicians and 59% of the nurses. Limitation of therapy after diagnosing severe intracranial hemorrhage is declared by 67% of the physicians and 45% of the nurses. 37% of the doctors and 30% of the nurses would comply with parents' will when deciding about resuscitation. 44% of the physicians and 31% of the nurses declare taking parents' decision into account in the matter of abandoning resuscitation.


CONCLUSIONS
1. There is a higher percentage of persons convinced about the necessity of resuscitation of every newborn, regardless of its maturity, among the nurses than among the doctors. 2. Among the nurses there are more persons, who are sceptical about saving the extremely premature newborns born with asphyxia, whereas among the doctors there are more persons inclined to stop therapy in case of a severe intracranial hemorrhage. 3. The most controversial are problems concerning the consideration of parents' will in decision about whether to continue or abandon resuscitation, but physicians are more apt to regard parents' will in resuscitation in some situations. 4. The analysis of the questionnaire points to the need for deeper knowledge of the present mortality rates of the extremely immature newborns and further development of the surviving ones among the physicians and nurses.
Walas
Wojciech
W
Oddział Intensywnej Terapii Dzieci, Wojewódzkie Centrum Medyczne, Al. W. Witosa 26, 45-418 Opole, Poland.
Chełchowski
Janusz
J
Helwich
Ewa
E
Kucharska
Zofia
Z
Korbal
Piotr
P
Kornacka
M Katarzyna
MK
Kortecka
Małgorzata
M
Sadowska-Krawczenko
Iwona
I
Sowa
Alina
A
Szczepański
Marek
M
Szczapa
Jerzy
J
Witalis
Janusz
J
D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007235:Infant, Premature, Diseases / Q000628:therapy*; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D015931:Intensive Care, Neonatal / Q000941:ethics / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008505:Medical Staff, Hospital / Q000941:ethics* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011044:Poland / Q000453:epidemiology; D012151:Resuscitation / Q000941:ethics* / Q000451:nursing* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data