High-sensitivity C-reactive protein is only weakly related to cardiovascular damage after adjustment for traditional cardiovascular risk factors.
BACKGROUND
The independent prognostic value of high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP) has been questioned, and consequently we decided to investigate whether hsCRP was associated with subclinical cardiovascular (CV) damage independently of traditional CV risk factors.


METHODS
In a population-based sample of 2028 apparently healthy individuals without prior stroke or myocardial infarction not receiving any CV, anti-diabetic or lipid-lowering treatment, aged 41, 51, 61 or 71 years, we measured in 1993 serum hsCRP, traditional CV risk factors (lifestyle, metabolic and hemodynamic) and assessed subclinical CV damage [atherosclerotic plaques in the carotid arteries, pulse wave velocity (PWV), urine albumin/creatinine ratio (UACR), left ventricular (LV) mass and ejection fraction].


RESULTS
Adjusting for age and gender in multiple regression analyses, higher log(hsCRP) was associated with higher logPWV (beta = 0.15) and log(left ventricular mass index) (LVMI) (beta = 0.09, both P < 0.001), LV relative wall thickness (beta = 0.07, P < 0.01), logUACR (beta = 0.04, P = 0.06) and more atherosclerotic plaques (beta = 0.06, P < 0.05). However, higher log(hsCRP) was only weakly associated with higher logPWV(beta = 0.06, P < 0.05) and more atherosclerotic plaques (beta = 0.04, P = 0.06) when adjusting for other significant CV risk factors, such as daily smoking (beta = 0.18), female gender (beta = -0.17), older age (beta = 0.11), lower log(high density lipoprotein cholesterol) (beta = -0.11, all P < 0.001); wider waist (beta = 0.17), higher body mass index (beta = 0.14), higher heart rate (beta = 0.06, all P < 0.01); and higher log(plasma glucose) (beta = 0.05, P < 0.05) (adj. R2 = 0.19, P < 0.001).


CONCLUSIONS
After adjustment for traditional CV risk factors hsCRP was only associated with PWV and atherosclerotic plaques, indicating a possible effect of low-grade inflammation on macrovascular damage. The close relationship between traditional CV risk factors and hsCRP suggested that hsCRP was an integrated CV risk marker early in the development of atherosclerosis.
Olsen
Michael H
MH
Research Center for Prevention and Health, Glostrup University, Denmark. mho@dadlnet.dk
Christensen
Marina K
MK
Hansen
Tine W
TW
Gustafsson
Finn
F
Rasmussen
Susanne
S
Wachtell
Kristian
K
Borch-Johnsen
Knut
K
Ibsen
Hans
H
Jørgensen
Torben
T
Hildebrandt
Per
P
D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000097:blood / Q000503:physiopathology; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D001794:Blood Pressure; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis*; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology; D002339:Carotid Arteries / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D008019:Life Style; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D011674:Pulse; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D012907:Smoking
D001786:Blood Glucose; D007328:Insulin; D008055:Lipids; D008075:Lipoproteins, HDL; D002097:C-Reactive Protein