Estimating familial loading in SLI: a comparison of direct assessment versus parental interview.
OBJECTIVE
Two approaches commonly used for estimating prevalence of language disorders in families were compared. The 1st involved examining a subset of language items from an investigator-based interview used to record parental information on the language and literacy difficulties in relatives. The 2nd was the direct assessment of ability in immediate family using a battery of standardized verbal ability, language, and literacy assessments.


METHODS
Using these 2 methods, the prevalence of language and literacy disorders was investigated in the immediate family (n=271) of 93 children with a history of SLI (mean age 13;11 years).


RESULTS
The overall proportion of relatives with reported language or literacy difficulty was similar for both methods (34.5% for reported difficulties compared with 35% on direct assessment). The present study further explored maternal, paternal, and sibling prevalence rates and strength of agreement between parental interview and direct assessment. When a low cutoff score was used, good agreement (of true negatives and true positives) for reading and spelling difficulties and expressive language between the 2 types of case identification method was found.


CONCLUSIONS
Parents can be effective identifiers when the impairment is severe (below 2 SDs from the population mean). Poor agreement was observed between report and assessment of receptive language difficulties.
Conti-Ramsden
Gina
G
Human Communication and Deafness, School of Psychological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. gina.conti-ramsden@manchester.ac.uk
Simkin
Zoë
Z
Pickles
Andrew
A
D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005190:Family; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007805:Language Development Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics; D007807:Language Tests; D010700:Phonetics; D015995:Prevalence; D014705:Verbal Behavior