Arabidopsis leaf necrosis caused by simulated acid rain is related to the salicylic acid signaling pathway.
Arabidopsis leaves treated with simulated acid rain (SiAR) showed phenotypes similar to necrotic lesions caused by biotic stresses like Pseudomonad infiltration. Exposure of Arabidopsis to SiAR resulted in the up-regulation of genes known to be induced by the salicylic acid (SA)-mediated pathogen resistance response. The expression of enhanced disease susceptibility (EDS), nonexpressor of PR (NPR) and pathogen-related 1 (PR1), all of which are involved in the salicylic acid signaling pathway, were increased after SiAR exposure. However, vegetative storage protein (VSP), a member of the jasmonic acid pathway did not show a significant change in transcript level. SiAR treatment of transgenic plants expressing salicylate hydroxylase (Nah-G), which prevents the accumulation of salicylic acid, underwent more extensive necrosis than wild-type plants, indicating that the signaling pathway activated by SiAR may overlap with the SA-dependent, systemic acquired resistance pathway. Both Col-0 and Nah-G plants showed sensitivity to SiAR and sulfuric SiAR (S-SiAR) by developing necrotic lesions. Neither Col-0 plants nor Nah-G plants showed sensitivity to nitric SiAR (N-SiAR). These results suggest that SiAR activates at least the salicylic acid pathway and activation of this pathway is sensitive to sulfuric acid.
Department of Genetic Engineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon 440-746, Republic of Korea. sukchan@skku.ac.kr
Youngmi
Y
Lee
Jongbum
J
Park
Kyunghoan
K
Im
Kiyoon
K
Kim
Jungwoo
J
Lee
Kyungyeoll
K
Lee
Jung-An
JA
Park
Taek-Kyun
TK
Lee
Dae-Sup
DS
Park
Joo-Sung
JS
Yang
Donggiun
D
Kim
Sukchan
S
Lee
D015258:Acid Rain / Q000633:toxicity*; D017360:Arabidopsis / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D003517:Cyclopentanes / Q000378:metabolism; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D054883:Oxylipins; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000235:genetics; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D020156:Salicylic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction
D015258:Acid Rain; D029681:Arabidopsis Proteins; D003517:Cyclopentanes; D054883:Oxylipins; C011006:jasmonic acid; D006899:Mixed Function Oxygenases; C022619:salicylate 1-monooxygenase; D020156:Salicylic Acid