Dexrazoxane use in the prevention of anthracycline extravasation injury.
Accidental extravasation injury from the use of the anthracycline anticancer drugs doxorubicin, daunorubicin, epirubicin and idarubicin can be a serious complication of their use. As yet, there is little consensus on the way that anthracycline extravasation injury should be clinically managed. Dexrazoxane, which is currently clinically used to reduce doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, has also been shown in preclinical studies to be highly efficacious in preventing anthracycline-induced extravasation injury. Several clinical case reports of dexrazoxane for this use have also indicated positive outcomes. There are currently two multicenter Phase II/III clinical trials underway. Dexrazoxane is a prodrug analog of the metal chelator EDTA that most likely acts by removing iron from the iron-doxorubicin complex, thus preventing formation of damaging reactive oxygen species.
Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba R3T 2N2, Canada. B_Hasinoff@UManitoba.ca
Brian B
BB
Hasinoff
D018943:Anthracyclines / Q000009:adverse effects; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000378:metabolism; D005119:Extravasation of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Materials / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015394:Molecular Structure; D011929:Razoxane / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*
D018943:Anthracyclines; D011929:Razoxane; D004492:Edetic Acid