Interleukin 18 and human immunodeficiency virus type I infection in adolescents and adults.
Interleukin (IL)-18, a proinflammatory cytokine, has been recognized recently as an important factor in both treated and untreated patients with human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) infection. Consistent with all earlier reports, our quantification of serum IL-18 concentrations in 88 HIV-1 seropositive, North American adolescents (14-18 years old) revealed a positive correlation with cell-free HIV-1 viral load at two separate visits (Spearman's r = 0.31 and 0.50, respectively, P < 0.01 for both), along with a negative correlation with CD4+ T cell counts (r = -0.31 and -0.35, P < 0.01 for both). In additional analyses of 66 adults (21-58 years old) from Zambia, HIV-1 seroconversion was associated uniformly with elevated IL-18 production (P < 0.0001). These epidemiological relationships were independent of other population-related characteristics, including age, gender and ethnicity. In neither study population could serum IL-18 concentrations be associated with the IL-18 gene (IL18) promoter genotypes defined by five major single nucleotide polymorphisms. Collectively, these findings suggest that circulating IL-18 rather than the IL18 genotype may provide a useful biomarker for HIV-1-related events or outcomes.
Song
W
W
Department of Epidemiology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294-0022, USA.
Wilson
C M
CM
Allen
S
S
Wang
C
C
Li
Y
Y
Kaslow
R A
RA
Tang
J
J
D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1 / Q000276:immunology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D018414:CD8-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D020382:Interleukin-18 / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D019562:Viral Load
D015415:Biomarkers; D020382:Interleukin-18; D051997:ADP-ribosyl Cyclase 1