Treatment of Wilms tumor relapsing after initial treatment with vincristine and actinomycin D: a report from the National Wilms Tumor Study Group.
OBJECTIVE
NWTS-5 was a multi-institutional clinical trial for patients less than 16 years of age at diagnosis with specific renal neoplasms who were diagnosed between August 1, 1995 and May 31, 2002. A uniform approach to the treatment of patients with relapse was employed.


METHODS
Seventy-two patients who relapsed after immediate nephrectomy (stages I and II), initial chemotherapy with vincristine (VCR) and actinomycin D and no radiation therapy were registered on stratum B of the NWTS-5 relapse protocol. Four patients were not evaluable: one due to insufficient data and three due to major protocol violations. Among the 68 remaining patients, one who was 19 years of age at initial diagnosis of Wilms tumor, five with bilateral Wilms tumor at diagnosis, three who developed a contralateral relapse, and one with persistent disease were not included in this analysis. Relapse treatment included surgical excision, when feasible, radiation therapy and alternating courses of VCR, doxorubicin and cyclophosphamide and etoposide and cyclophosphamide.


RESULTS
The outcomes of 58 patients were analyzed. The lung was the only site of relapse for 31 patients. Event-free survival 4 years after relapse was 71.1% and 4-year overall survival was 81.8% for all patients and were 67.8 and 81.0% for those who relapsed only to their lungs. The most frequent toxicities were hematological.


CONCLUSIONS
These results demonstrate that a significant proportion of children with Wilms tumor who relapse after initial treatment with VCR and actinomycin D can be successfully re-treated.
Green
Daniel M
DM
Department of Pediatrics, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, New York 14263, USA. daniel.green@roswellpark.org
Cotton
Cecilia A
CA
Malogolowkin
Marcio
M
Breslow
Norman E
NE
Perlman
Elizabeth
E
Miser
James
J
Ritchey
Michael L
ML
Thomas
Patrick R M
PR
Grundy
Paul E
PE
D'Angio
Giulio J
GJ
Beckwith
J Bruce
JB
Shamberger
Robert C
RC
Haase
Gerald M
GM
Donaldson
Milton
M
Weetman
Robert
R
Coppes
Max J
MJ
Shearer
Patricia
P
Coccia
Peter
P
Kletzel
Morris
M
Macklis
Roger
R
Tomlinson
Gail
G
Huff
Vicki
V
Newbury
Robert
R
Weeks
Douglas
D
D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003609:Dactinomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018572:Disease-Free Survival; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D009392:Nephrectomy; D012008:Recurrence; D015996:Survival Rate; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D009396:Wilms Tumor / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000401:mortality
D000903:Antibiotics, Antineoplastic; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D003609:Dactinomycin; D014750:Vincristine