ITAM-mediated tonic signalling through pre-BCR and BCR complexes.
Studies carried out over the past few years provide strong support for the idea that Ig alpha-Ig beta-containing complexes such as the pre-B-cell receptor and the B-cell receptor can signal independently of ligand engagement, and this has been termed tonic signalling. In this Review, I discuss recent literature that is relevant to the potential mechanisms by which tonic signals are initiated and regulated, and discuss views on how tonic and ligand-dependent (aggregation-mediated) signalling differ. These mechanisms are relevant to the possibility that tonic signals generated through immunoreceptor tyrosine-based activation motif (ITAM)-containing proteins that are expressed by oncogenic viruses induce transformation in non-haematopoietic cells.
Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19104, USA. monroej@mail.med.upenn.edu
John G
JG
Monroe
D020816:Amino Acid Motifs / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology*; D021962:Membrane Microdomains / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D054420:Pre-B Cell Receptors; D011940:Receptor Aggregation / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology; D011947:Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000502:physiology
D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D054420:Pre-B Cell Receptors; D011947:Receptors, Antigen, B-Cell; D019061:src-Family Kinases