GP120: target for neutralizing HIV-1 antibodies.
The glycoprotein (gp) 120 subunit is an important part of the envelope spikes that decorate the surface of HIV-1 and a major target for neutralizing antibodies. However, immunization with recombinant gp120 does not elicit neutralizing antibodies against multiple HIV-1 isolates (broadly neutralizing antibodies), and gp120 failed to demonstrate vaccine efficacy in recent clinical trials. Ongoing crystallographic studies of gp120 molecules from HIV-1 and SIV increasingly reveal how conserved regions, which are the targets of broadly neutralizing antibodies, are concealed from immune recognition. Based on this structural insight and that from studies of antibody structures, a number of strategies are being pursued to design immunogens that can elicit broadly neutralizing antibodies to gp120. These include (a) the construction of mimics of the viral envelope spike and (b) the design of antigens specifically tailored to induce broadly neutralizing antibodies.
Pantophlet
Ralph
R
Department of Immunology, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, California 92037, USA. rpanto@scripps.edu
Burton
Dennis R
DR
D016915:AIDS Vaccines / Q000276:immunology; D000818:Animals; D000939:Epitopes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000276:immunology*; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology; D018448:Models, Immunological; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009500:Neutralization Tests; D015202:Protein Engineering; D015728:Receptors, HIV / Q000276:immunology; D015302:Simian Immunodeficiency Virus / Q000276:immunology; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology
D016915:AIDS Vaccines; D000939:Epitopes; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D015728:Receptors, HIV; D014759:Viral Envelope Proteins; C069623:gp120 protein, Simian immunodeficiency virus