Customer satisfaction.
OBJECTIVE
This paper seeks to present an analysis of the literature examining objective information concerning the subject of customer service, as it applies to the current medical practice. Hopefully, this information will be synthesized to generate a cogent approach to correlate customer service with quality.


METHODS
Articles were obtained by an English language search of MEDLINE from January 1976 to July 2005. This computerized search was supplemented with literature from the author's personal collection of peer-reviewed articles on customer service in a medical setting. This information was presented in a qualitative fashion.


RESULTS
There is a significant lack of objective data correlating customer service objectives, patient satisfaction and quality of care. Patients present predominantly for the convenience of emergency department care. Specifics of satisfaction are directed to the timing, and amount of "caring". Demographic correlates including symptom presentation, practice style, location and physician issues directly impact on satisfaction. It is most helpful to develop a productive plan for the "difficult patient", emphasizing communication and empathy. Profiling of the customer satisfaction experience is best accomplished by examining the specifics of satisfaction, nature of the ED patient, demographic profile, symptom presentation and physician interventions emphasizing communication--especially with the difficult patient.


CONCLUSIONS
The current emergency medicine customer service dilemmas are a complex interaction of both patient and physician factors specifically targeting both efficiency and patient satisfaction. Awareness of these issues particular to the emergency patient can help to maximize efficiency, minimize subsequent medicolegal risk and improve patient care if a tailored management plan is formulated.
University of Pittsburgh Medical Center Northwest, Seneca, Pennsylvania, USA. rbvmd@comcast.net
Rade B
RB
Vukmir
D003142:Communication; D003710:Demography; D034462:Dissent and Disputes; D017598:Efficiency, Organizational; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000592:standards* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004645:Empathy; D015285:Hospital-Patient Relations; D006801:Humans; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D017064:Process Assessment, Health Care; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care