Functional central polypurine tract provides downstream protection of the human immunodeficiency virus type 1 genome from editing by APOBEC3G and APOBEC3B.
Lentiviruses utilize two polypurine tracts for initiation of plus-strand viral DNA synthesis. We have examined to what extent human immunodeficiency virus type 1 plus-strand initiation at the central polypurine tract (cPPT) could protect the viral genome from DNA editing by APOBEC3G and APOBEC3B. The presence of a functional cPPT, but not of a mutated cPPT, extensively reduced editing by both APOBEC3G and APOBEC3B of sequences downstream, but not upstream, of the cPPT, with significant protection observed as far as 400 bp downstream. Thus, in addition to other potential functions, the cPPT could help protect lentiviruses from editing by cytidine deaminases of the APOBEC family.
Unité de Recherche Antivirale, INSERM U552, Paris, France.
Sebastien
S
Wurtzer
Armelle
A
Goubard
Fabrizio
F
Mammano
Sentob
S
Saragosti
Denise
D
Lecossier
Allan J
AJ
Hance
François
F
Clavel
D000071480:APOBEC-3G Deaminase; D001483:Base Sequence; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004261:DNA Replication; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics; D016679:Genome, Viral; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D015778:Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; D016297:Mutagenesis, Site-Directed; D009700:Nucleoside Deaminases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017393:RNA Editing; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
D004279:DNA, Viral; D015778:Minor Histocompatibility Antigens; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D009700:Nucleoside Deaminases; D000071480:APOBEC-3G Deaminase; C495794:APOBEC3B protein, human; C464924:APOBEC3G protein, human; D003564:Cytidine Deaminase