[Diagnosis and therapy of aspiration pneumonia].
Aspiration pneumonia is an important and frequent complication following aspiration of infectious material from the oropharynx or stomach. Therefore the microbiological flora generally comprises a mixed spectrum of microbes including aerobic, microaerobic and anaerobic mircoorganisms. There are a number of risk factors for aspiration such as compromised consciousness or esophageal diseases. Aspiration pneumonia presents as a subacute or chronic disease. An endoscopic inspection of the bronchial system and a bacteriological evaluation should be performed in all patients. The principal therapeutic strategy for aspiration pneumonia is an antibiotic therapy. In uncomplicated cases a treatment for 7-10 days should be sufficient, but in case of complications like necrotizing pneumonia or lung abscess a prolonged administration (14-21 days, up to weeks or months) will be necessary. Recommended antibiotic regimens include clindamycin +/- cephalosporin, ampicillin/sulbactam and moxifloxacin.
Helios Klinikum Emil von Behring, Zentrum für Pneumologie and Thoraxchirurgie Heckeshorn, Klinik für Pneumologie. sott@berlin-behring.helios-kliniken.de
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D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D011015:Pneumonia, Aspiration / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology / Q000382:microbiology; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000209:etiology; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents