Physicians' responses to patients' medically unexplained symptoms.
OBJECTIVE
To understand how physicians communicate may contribute to the mistrust and poor clinical outcomes observed in patients who present with medically unexplained symptoms (MUS).


METHODS
After providing informed consent, 100 primary care physicians in greater Rochester, New York, were visited by two unannounced covert standardized patients (actors, or SPs) portraying two chest pain roles: classic symptoms of gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) with nausea and insomnia (the GERD role) and poorly characterized chest pain with fatigue and dizziness (the MUS role). The visits were surreptitiously audiorecorded and analyzed using the Measure of Patient-Centered Communication (MPCC), which scores physicians on their exploration of the patients' experience of illness (component 1) and psychosocial context (component 2), and their attempts to find common ground on diagnosis and treatment (component 3).


RESULTS
In multivariate analyses, MUS visits yielded significantly lower scores on MPCC component 1 (p = .01). Subanalysis of component 1 scores showed that patients' symptoms were not explored as fully and that validation was less likely to be used in response to patient concerns in the MUS than in the GERD visits. Component 2 and component 3 were unchanged.


CONCLUSIONS
Physicians' inquiry into and validation of symptoms in patients with MUS was less common compared with more medically straightforward patient presentations. Further research should study the relationship between communication variables and poor clinical outcomes, misunderstandings, mutual distrust, and inappropriate healthcare utilization in this population, and test interventions to address this problem.
Epstein
Ronald M
RM
Department of Family Medicine, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA. Ronald_Epstein@urmc.rochester.edu
Shields
Cleveland G
CG
Meldrum
Sean C
SC
Fiscella
Kevin
K
Carroll
Jennifer
J
Carney
Patricia A
PA
Duberstein
Paul R
PR
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008487:Medical History Taking; D016544:Patient Simulation; D010817:Physician-Patient Relations; D011320:Primary Health Care; D012650:Self Disclosure; D013001:Somatoform Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy; D035502:Trust