Cardiovascular sequelae of tobacco smoking.
Smoking is a known risk factor for cardiovascular disease and has been implicated in sudden cardiac death. Hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, physical inactivity, and smoking are the leading contributors to poor cardiovascular health. This article reviews the cardiovascular pathology inherent with smoking and provide insight to help develop an appropriate plan of care.
Professional Nursing Practice, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, 2401 West Belvedere Avenue, Baltimore, MD 21215, USA. kennethrempher@comcast.net
Kenneth J
KJ
Rempher
D017544:Aortic Aneurysm, Abdominal / Q000209:etiology; D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000209:etiology; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000209:etiology; D002110:Caffeine / Q000009:adverse effects; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D015444:Exercise; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000209:etiology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000209:etiology; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016540:Smoking Cessation; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D020521:Stroke / Q000209:etiology; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
D002110:Caffeine