Cardiopulmonary evidence of exercise-induced silent ischaemia.
BACKGROUND
Exercise-induced ST changes, suggestive of cardiac ischaemia, are found in asymptomatic patients.


METHODS
Gas exchange kinetics were studied during exercise to help to separate patients affected by epicardial coronary disease from those without. Forty-eight patients, without angina symptoms and showing significant changes of ST during exercise, underwent a coronarography and maximal cardiopulmonary exercise test. Thirty-five healthy individuals of matched age and sex underwent a cardiopulmonary exercise test as controls.


RESULTS
Patients were grouped according to the presence (group 1, n = 35) or the absence (group 2, n = 13) of significant coronary lesions at angiography. When corrected for predicted oxygen consumption (VO2) at peak exercise and at anaerobic threshold, results showed a low VO2 at peak exercise and anaerobic threshold in group 1 (68 +/- 19 and 84 +/- 17% of predicted, respectively) compared with normal subjects (91 +/- 19 and 96 +/- 24% of predicted VO2) and group 2 patients (86 +/- 17 and 96 +/- 18%). Also the ischaemic threshold, when normalized for predicted workload at peak exercise, occurred earlier in group 1 (67 +/- 22%) than in group 2 (87 +/- 19%). The time-related (Delta)VO2/Deltawork relationship showed a significant flattening above the anaerobic threshold in group 1 (7.4+/-2.2 versus 9.4+/-1.4 ml/watt per minute, P < 0.01), but not in controls or in group 2. Also the DeltaVO2/Deltawork relationship, above the ischaemic threshold, flattened in group 1, but not in group 2.


CONCLUSIONS
The suggestion of major coronary disease in patients with exercise-induced ST changes is given by: (i) a flattening of the DeltaVO2/Deltawork relationship, above both the ischaemic and anaerobic thresholds; and (ii) low VO2 values at anaerobic and ischaemic thresholds.
Bussotti
Maurizio
M
Centro Cardiologico Monzino, IRCCS, Institute of Cardiology, University of Milan, Milan, Italy.
Apostolo
Anna
A
Andreini
Daniele
D
Palermo
Pietro
P
Contini
Mauro
M
Agostoni
Piergiuseppe
P
D000368:Aged; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology*; D005080:Exercise Test; D005260:Female; D006321:Heart / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008168:Lung / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D010101:Oxygen Consumption