Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene as a biomarker of PAH exposure in 3-year-old Ukrainian children.
Urinary 1-hydroxypyrene (1-OHP) is a biomarker of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon (PAH) exposure. We measured urinary 1-OHP in 48 children 3 years of age in Mariupol, Ukraine, who lived near a steel mill and coking facility and compared these with 1-OHP concentrations measured in 42 children of the same age living in the capital city of Kiev, Ukraine. Children living in Mariupol had significantly higher urinary 1-OHP and creatinine-adjusted urinary 1-OHP than did children living in Kiev (adjusted: 0.69 vs. 0.34 micromol/mol creatinine, p < 0.001; unadjusted: 0.42 vs. 0.30 ng/mL, p = 0.002). Combined, children in both cities exposed to environmental tobacco smoke in their homes had higher 1-OHP than did children not exposed (0.61 vs. 0.42 micromol/mol creatinine; p = 0.04; p = 0.07 after adjusting for city). In addition, no significant differences were seen with sex of the children. Our sample of children in Mariupol has the highest reported mean urinary 1-OHP concentrations in children studied to date, most likely due to their proximity to a large industrial point source of PAHs.
Mucha
Amy Pelka
AP
Great Lakes Center for Occupational and Environmental Safety and Health, University of Illinois at Chicago, School of Public Health, 2121 W. Taylor (M/C 922), Chicago, IL 60612, USA. apmucha@uic.edu
Hryhorczuk
Daniel
D
Serdyuk
Andrij
A
Nakonechny
Joseph
J
Zvinchuk
Alexander
A
Erdal
Serap
S
Caudill
Motria
M
Scheff
Peter
P
Lukyanova
Elena
E
Shkiryak-Nyzhnyk
Zoreslava
Z
Chislovska
Natalia
N
D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine*; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D016021:Epidemiologic Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds / Q000652:urine*; D011721:Pyrenes / Q000032:analysis*
D015415:Biomarkers; D011083:Polycyclic Compounds; D011721:Pyrenes; C033146:1-hydroxypyrene