Angiotensin-converting enzyme insertion/deletion polymorphism and systemic lupus erythematosus: a metaanalysis.
OBJECTIVE
To explore whether insertion (I) and deletion (D) polymorphisms within intron 16 of the angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) gene confer susceptibility to systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) and lupus nephritis (LN).


METHODS
We surveyed studies of ACE I/D polymorphism and SLE using Medline and manual searches. We conducted a metaanalysis of the DD genotype (recessive effect), DD and DI genotype (dominant effect), and D allele of the ACE overall and in each ethnic population. We performed a metaanalysis of ACE I/D polymorphism in SLE and LN.


RESULTS
Thirteen comparison studies were included in our metaanalysis consisting of 1411 patients with SLE and 1551 controls. We found no association of ACE I/D polymorphism with SLE in the total sample and by ethnic groups. There was a trend for association of the DD genotype (OR 1.212, 95% CI 0.966-1.520, p = 0.097) and the D allele with SLE in Caucasian patients (OR 1.157, 95% CI 0.991-1.349, p = 0.064); however, this was not statistically significant. The metaanalysis also showed no association of the ACE I/D polymorphisms with LN.


CONCLUSIONS
This metaanalysis of 2962 subjects showed there is a lack of association of the ACE I/D polymorphism with SLE and LN.
Lee
Young Ho
YH
Division of Rheumatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Korea University Medical Center, College of Medicine, Korea University, Seongbuk-Ku, Seoul, Korea. lyhcgh@korea.ac.kr
Rho
Young Hee
YH
Choi
Seong Jae
SJ
Ji
Jong Dae
JD
Song
Gwan Gyu
GG
D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D017353:Gene Deletion; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D006801:Humans; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics*; D016239:MEDLINE; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016254:Mutagenesis, Insertional / Q000235:genetics*; D016017:Odds Ratio; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A