Duration and intensity of NF-kappaB activity determine the severity of endotoxin-induced acute lung injury.
Activation of innate immunity in the lungs can lead to a self-limited inflammatory response or progress to severe lung injury. We investigated whether specific parameters of NF-kappaB pathway activation determine the outcome of acute lung inflammation using a novel line of transgenic reporter mice. Following a single i.p. injection of Escherichia coli LPS, transient NF-kappaB activation was identified in a variety of lung cell types, and neutrophilic inflammation resolved without substantial tissue injury. However, administration of LPS over 24 h by osmotic pump (LPS pump) implanted into the peritoneum resulted in sustained, widespread NF-kappaB activation and neutrophilic inflammation that culminated in lung injury at 48 h. To determine whether intervention in the NF-kappaB pathway could prevent progression to lung injury in the LPS pump model, we administered a specific IkappaB kinase inhibitor (BMS-345541) to down-regulate NF-kappaB activation following the onset of inflammation. Treatment with BMS-345541 beginning at 20 h after osmotic pump implantation reduced lung NF-kappaB activation, concentration of KC and MIP-2 in lung lavage, neutrophil influx, and lung edema measured at 48 h. Therefore, sustained NF-kappaB activation correlates with severity of lung injury, and interdiction in the NF-kappaB pathway is beneficial even after the onset of lung inflammation.
Everhart
M Brett
MB
Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Vanderbilt University School of Medicine, Nashville, TN 37232, USA.
Han
Wei
W
Sherrill
Taylor P
TP
Arutiunov
Melissa
M
Polosukhin
Vasiliy V
VV
Burke
James R
JR
Sadikot
Ruxana T
RT
Christman
John W
JW
Yull
Fiona E
FE
Blackwell
Timothy S
TS
D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D007113:Immunity, Innate; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008168:Lung / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D055370:Lung Injury; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008811:Mice, Inbred DBA; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism*; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011810:Quinoxalines / Q000494:pharmacology
C471109:4(2'-aminoethyl)amino-1,8-dimethylimidazo(1,2-a)quinoxaline; D007093:Imidazoles; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D016328:NF-kappa B; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011810:Quinoxalines; D051550:I-kappa B Kinase