p53 protein or BID protein select the route to either apoptosis (programmed cell death) or to cell cycle arrest opposing carcinogenesis after DNA damage by ROS.
p53 is a tumour-suppressor protein of human cells that prevents their entry into the route to carcinogenesis. Furthermore, p53 protein acts at the p53-response loci in genomic DNA to facilitate the switch-on of genes that can be expressed by the biosynthesis of routing-proteins for apoptosis or stalling of cellular proliferation (via cell cycle progression checkpoint arrests). Moreover, oxidative stress by reactive oxygen species (ROS) such as the hydroxyl radical (*OH) produced by ionizing radiation (carcinogenic) triggers p53 activation in response to the damage of DNA (followed by initiation of DNA-repair mechanisms). Phosphorylation of the BID protein may lead to the recovery from DNA-damage by ROS.
Wiseman
Alan
A
School of Biomedical and Molecular Sciences, University of Surrey, Guildford GU2 7XH, UK. alan@tridgway.wanadoo.co.uk
D017209:Apoptosis; D051023:BH3 Interacting Domain Death Agonist Protein / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D002453:Cell Cycle; D002471:Cell Transformation, Neoplastic / Q000235:genetics; D004249:DNA Damage; D004260:DNA Repair; D006801:Humans; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism*; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000502:physiology*
D051023:BH3 Interacting Domain Death Agonist Protein; C494814:BID protein, human; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53