Laboratory assessment and diagnosis of congenital viral infections: Rubella, cytomegalovirus (CMV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), parvovirus B19 and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV).
Viral infections during pregnancy may cause fetal or neonatal damage. Clinical intervention, which is required for certain viral infections, relies on laboratory tests performed during pregnancy and at the neonatal stage. This review describes traditional and advanced laboratory approaches and testing methods used for assessment of the six most significant viral infections during pregnancy: rubella virus (RV), cytomegalovirus (CMV), varicella-zoster virus (VZV), herpes simplex virus (HSV), parvovirus B19 and human immunodeficiency virus (HIV). Interpretation of the laboratory tests results according to studies published in recent years is discussed.
Central Virology Laboratory, Ministry of Health and Faculty of Life Sciences, Bar-Ilan University, Chaim Sheba Medical Center, Tel-Hashomer, Israel. ellamen@sheba.health.gov.il
Ella
E
Mendelson
Yair
Y
Aboudy
Zahava
Z
Smetana
Michal
M
Tepperberg
Zahava
Z
Grossman
D019411:Clinical Laboratory Techniques; D003586:Cytomegalovirus Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006561:Herpes Simplex / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006562:Herpes Zoster / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D010322:Parvoviridae Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D016732:Parvovirus B19, Human; D011247:Pregnancy; D011251:Pregnancy Complications, Infectious / Q000821:virology; D012409:Rubella / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000151:congenital / Q000175:diagnosis*