Relationship between antidepressant sales and secular trends in suicide rates in the Nordic countries.
BACKGROUND
The effect of recent increases in antidepressant prescribing on population suicide rates is uncertain.


OBJECTIVE
To investigate the relationship between antidepressant sales and trends in suicide rates.


METHODS
Graphical and quantitative assessment of trends in suicide and antidepressant sales in Norway, Sweden, Denmark and Finland.


RESULTS
Suicide rates declined in all four countries during the 1990 s, whereas antidepressant sales increased by 3- to 4-fold. Decreasing suicide rates in Sweden and Denmark preceded the rise in antidepressant sales by over 10 years, although the reductions accelerated between 1988 and 1990. In Norway, a modest but short-lived decline in suicide rates began around the time of the increase in antidepressant sales. In Finland, decreases in male suicide rates and to a lesser extent in female suicide rates began around the time of increased antidepressant sales. In all four countries decreases in suicide rates appeared to precede the widespread use of SSRIs.


CONCLUSIONS
We found mixed evidence that increases in antidepressant sales have coincided with a reduction in the number of suicides in Nordic countries.
Reseland
Svein
S
KD-G Consulting, Hosletoppen 56, 1362 Hosle, Norway. sreselan@online.no
Bray
Isabelle
I
Gunnell
David
D
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000600:supply & distribution* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D005387:Finland / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012537:Scandinavian and Nordic Countries / Q000453:epidemiology; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors / Q000600:supply & distribution / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013405:Suicide / Q000639:trends*
D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D017367:Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors