Geographic and ethnic variations of long-term efficacy and immunogenicity of hepatitis B vaccination in Hualien, a HBV hyperendemic area.
It is uncertain whether immunologic memory persists for 15 years or more after immunization and whether the efficacy of universal hepatitis B vaccination program (UHBVP) in socio-economically disadvantaged area with hyperendemicity of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is similar. We assayed hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) and antibody to HBsAg (anti-HBs) on 2839 students aged 15 years or more born before (N = 248) and after (N = 2591) UHBVP. We found that students born after UHBVP had significantly lower positive rate of anti-HBs than those born before UHBVP (44.6% versus 75.0%, p<0.0001). Seropositive rate of HBsAg for students born after UHBVP was also declined significantly (1.9% versus 9.3%, p<0.0001). Preventive fraction of UHBVP on HBsAg-seropositivity was 78% (95% confidence interval, 0.64-0.87), which was at least 10% lower than previous studies. Preventive fraction in Han Chinese (74%) and Atayal (78%) students were lower than Amis students (94%). In 2264 Han Chinese students, preventive fraction was 16% lower in those resided in rural than urban areas. These observations indicated that UHBVP was less effective in socio-economically disadvantaged area where HBV infection was hyperendemic and the long-term efficacy and immunogenicity of vaccination were modified by host factors and factors associated with urbanization.
Wang
Li-Yu
LY
Graduate Institute of Aboriginal Health, Tzu Chi University, Hualien, Taiwan.
Hu
Chi-Tan
CT
Ho
Tzu-Ying
TY
Lin
Hans Hsienhong
HH
D000328:Adult; D005006:Ethnicity; D005260:Female; D005843:Geography; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000276:immunology; D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D013624:Taiwan
D017325:Hepatitis B Vaccines