Clinical and metabolic changes after conventional treatment of type 2 diabetic patients with chronic periodontitis.
BACKGROUND
The aim of this study was to compare the response to conventional periodontal treatment between patients with or without type 2 diabetes mellitus from a clinical and metabolic standpoint.


METHODS
A prospective, parallel, comparative longitudinal clinical study was performed between type 2 diabetics and non-diabetics with moderate generalized chronic periodontitis. The study period was 6 months. Conventional periodontal scaling and root planing were performed, and the response to this treatment was compared between the groups at 3 and 6 months, measuring the plaque index, bleeding on probing, probing depth, level of clinical attachment, and gingival recession. In the diabetic patients, the clinical response was related to measurements of HbA1c and glucose in blood at 3 and 6 months.


RESULTS
An improvement in all clinical variables was observed, with no statistically significant differences between the groups, with the exception of probing depth (P <0.0207). The improvement observed in blood HbA1c levels confirmed a positive metabolic response to periodontal treatment, with a lower value for this variable at each measurement time.


CONCLUSIONS
Both groups of patients showed a clinical improvement after basic non-surgical periodontal treatment. The diabetic patients showed improved metabolic control (lower HbA1c) at 3 and 6 months after periodontal treatment.
Faria-Almeida
Ricardo
R
Department of Periodontology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
Navarro
Ana
A
Bascones
Antonio
A
D000368:Aged; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003627:Data Interpretation, Statistical; D012534:Dental Scaling; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010512:Periodontal Index; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin