Postpartum smoking relapse and becoming a mother.
OBJECTIVE
To propose an innovative, theoretically-derived conceptual framework for studies of postpartum smoking relapse including concepts of smoking abstinence self-efficacy and becoming a mother.


METHODS
Presentation of an existing research paradigm followed by evidence from intervention research and studies of factors associated with postpartum smoking behavior, leading to a new approach to postpartum smoking relapse.


RESULTS
Effectiveness of current interventions to prevent relapse is limited. Variables associated with becoming a mother are missing from studies of postpartum smoking relapse.


CONCLUSIONS
Context-specific variables that influence a woman's progression through the stages of becoming a mother might include protective or risk factors that should be incorporated into the design of postpartum smoking relapse studies.
College of Nursing and Health Science, George Mason University, Fairfax, VA, USA. kgaffney@gmu.edu
Kathleen F
KF
Gaffney
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D001942:Breast Feeding / Q000523:psychology; D002755:Choice Behavior; D019052:Depression, Postpartum / Q000523:psychology; D005260:Female; D006803:Human Development; D006801:Humans; D008016:Life Change Events; D008425:Maternal Behavior; D009035:Mothers / Q000523:psychology*; D024802:Nurse's Role; D011181:Postnatal Care / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology; D011582:Psychological Theory; D011644:Puerperal Disorders / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000523:psychology; D012008:Recurrence; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012649:Self Concept; D012907:Smoking / Q000523:psychology; D016540:Smoking Cessation / Q000379:methods / Q000523:psychology; D000074606:Smoking Prevention; D012944:Social Support