Long-term prevention of pressure ulcers in high-risk patients: a single case study of the use of gluteal neuromuscular electric stimulation.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the efficacy of gluteal neuromuscular electric stimulation (NMES) using implanted percutaneous electrodes to improve regional tissue health and decrease the risk of pressure ulcer development.


METHODS
Case study of long-term use of gluteal NMES.


METHODS
Community.


METHODS
A patient with a C4-level American Spinal Injury Association grade A spinal cord injury, 22 years postinjury at study enrollment, and a clinical history of regular grade II and occasional IV ischial pressure ulcers.


METHODS
Gluteal NMES using an electric stimulation system comprising a combination of implanted percutaneous electrodes and an external stimulator (controller).


METHODS
Objective measurements of tissue health comprising evaluation of gluteal muscle thickness, interface pressures, and regional blood flow. Subjective self-reported sitting tolerance.


RESULTS
Increased gluteal muscle thickness and blood flow together with reduced regional interface pressures occurred. Weight-shifting because of alternating left and right gluteal NMES became more effective over time as the muscles strengthened. Sitting tolerance more than doubled.


CONCLUSIONS
A gluteal NMES system has been developed that provides both improved regional tissue health and dynamic weight shifting while seated in the wheelchair. In the current case, regular daily use had a positive impact on multiple indirect indicators of tissue health. Continued use was indicated as the positive effects were lost when stimulation was discontinued.
Bogie
Kath M
KM
Department of Orthopaedics, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA. kmb3@case.edu
Wang
Xiaofeng
X
Triolo
Ronald J
RJ
D000328:Adult; D002081:Buttocks; D004599:Electric Stimulation Therapy; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D003668:Pressure Ulcer / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy*; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000150:complications