Contribution of aldose reductase to diabetic hyperproliferation of vascular smooth muscle cells.
The objective of this study was to determine whether the polyol pathway enzyme aldose reductase mediates diabetes abnormalities in vascular smooth muscle cell (SMC) growth. Aldose reductase inhibitors (tolrestat or sorbinil) or antisense aldose reductase mRNA prevented hyperproliferation of cultured rat aortic SMCs induced by high glucose. Cell cycle progression in the presence of high glucose was blocked by tolrestat, which induced a G0-G1 phase growth arrest. In situ, diabetes increased SMC growth and intimal hyperplasia in balloon-injured carotid arteries of streptozotocin-treated rats, when examined 7 or 14 days after injury. Treatment with tolrestat (15 mg x kg(-1) x day(-1)) diminished intimal hyperplasia and decreased SMC content of the lesion by 25%. Although tolrestat treatment increased immunoreactivity of the lesion with antibodies raised against protein adducts of the lipid peroxidation product 4-hydroxy trans-2-nonenal, no compensatory increase in lesion fibrosis was observed. Collectively, these results suggest that inhibition of aldose reductase prevents glucose-induced stimulation of SMC growth in culture and in situ. Even though inhibition of aldose reductase increases vascular oxidative stress, this approach may be useful in preventing abnormal SMC growth in vessels of diabetic patients.
Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, Delia Baxter Building, 580 S. Preston St., Room 421B, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY 40202, USA. sanjay@louisville.edu
Sanjay
S
Srivastava
Kota V
KV
Ramana
Ravinder
R
Tammali
Satish K
SK
Srivastava
Aruni
A
Bhatnagar
D000449:Aldehyde Reductase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001011:Aorta; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D002455:Cell Division / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000473:pathology*; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D005947:Glucose / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006965:Hyperplasia / Q000517:prevention & control; D048289:Imidazolidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology; D009281:Naphthalenes / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012016:Reference Values; D017539:Tunica Intima / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000473:pathology
D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D048289:Imidazolidines; D009281:Naphthalenes; C040550:tolrestat; D000449:Aldehyde Reductase; C026411:sorbinil; D005947:Glucose