Effects of exercise training on pathological cardiac hypertrophy related gene expression and apoptosis.
This study determined whether exercise training prevents pathological hypertrophy in the left ventricle by modulation of myocardial and apoptosis-associated genes. We used spontaneously hypertensive rats (n=15, non-exercise SHR), exercise-trained SHR (n=15, treadmill exercise for 12 weeks), and sedentary Wistar-Kyoto (WKY) rats (n=15). Exercise-trained SHR expressed adaptive changes such as reduced body weight, heart rate, blood pressures, left ventricle wall thickness, lipid profiles, and homocysteine level. The mRNA expression of angiotensin converting enzyme, endothelin-1, and brain natriuretic peptides in the heart was lower in the exercise-trained SHR and in the WKY than in the non-exercise SHR, whereas mRNA expression of caveolin-3 and eNOS in the heart was higher. Bcl-2 protein was higher in the exercise-trained SHR than in the WKY and the non-exercise SHR. In contrast, Bax protein levels were lower in the exercise-trained SHR and in the WKY than in the non-exercise SHR. Furthermore, the levels of the active forms of caspase-3 (20 kDa) were lower in the exercise-trained SHR and in the WKY than in the non-exercise SHR. These findings suggest that exercise training prevents pathological hypertrophy in the left ventricle by modulation of myocardial genes and that it interferes with a signal transduction pathway of apoptosis secondary to the pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
Lee
Young I
YI
Exercise Biochemistry Laboratory, Korea National Sport University, 88-15 Oryun-dong, 138-763, Songpa-gu, Seoul, Korea.
Cho
Joon Y
JY
Kim
Mun H
MH
Kim
Kee B
KB
Lee
Dong J
DJ
Lee
Kyu S
KS
D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D006332:Cardiomegaly / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics* / Q000503:physiopathology; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D051244:Caveolin 3 / Q000235:genetics; D019332:Endothelin-1 / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006710:Homocysteine / Q000097:blood; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain / Q000235:genetics; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000235:genetics; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A / Q000235:genetics; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal / Q000502:physiology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D011918:Rats, Inbred SHR; D011921:Rats, Inbred WKY; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
C494828:Bax protein, rat; D051244:Caveolin 3; D019332:Endothelin-1; D008055:Lipids; C000594638:MYH7 protein, rat; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D006710:Homocysteine; D020097:Natriuretic Peptide, Brain; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D007703:Peptidyl-Dipeptidase A; C505410:Casp3 protein, rat; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases; D018995:Myosin Heavy Chains