Chromatin remodelling and transcription: be-WICHed by nuclear myosin 1.
Transcription in eukaryotic cells requires dynamic changes of chromatin structure to facilitate or prevent RNA polymerase access to active genes. These structural modifications rely on the concerted action of ATP-dependent chromatin-remodelling complexes and histone-modifying enzymes, which generate a chromatin configuration that is either compatible with transcription (euchromatin) or incompatible (heterochromatin). Insights into how these structural changes might be coordinated for RNA polymerase I (pol I) genes come from the discoveries of the nucleolar-remodelling complex (NoRC) and B-WICH--a high molecular weight fraction of the WSTF/SNF2h chromatin-remodelling complex. NoRC produces a repressive chromatin state; B-WICH, together with nuclear myosin 1, activates pol I transcription directly on chromatin templates and might also function in the maintenance of ribosomal chromatin structure.
Percipalle
Piergiorgio
P
Department of Cell and Molecular Biology, Medical Nobel Institute, Karolinska Institute, P.O. Box 285, Stockholm SE-171 77, Sweden. piergiorgio.percipalle@ki.se
Farrants
Ann-Kristin Ostlund
AK
D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone / Q000378:metabolism; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000378:metabolism; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism; D006655:Histone Deacetylases / Q000378:metabolism; D000076983:Histone Methyltransferases; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; D008957:Models, Genetic; D009218:Myosins / Q000378:metabolism*; D011496:Protein Methyltransferases; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
D002352:Carrier Proteins; D002868:Chromosomal Proteins, Non-Histone; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D008840:Microfilament Proteins; C465744:WIPF2 protein, human; D000076983:Histone Methyltransferases; D011496:Protein Methyltransferases; D011495:Histone-Lysine N-Methyltransferase; D051548:Histone Acetyltransferases; D006655:Histone Deacetylases; D009218:Myosins