Prevalence of sputum smear-positive tuberculosis in a rural area in Bangladesh.
The objective of the study was to determine the prevalence of smear-positive tuberculosis (TB) in a rural area in Bangladesh at Matlab. A TB surveillance system was established among 106,000 people in rural Bangladesh at Matlab. Trained field workers interviewed all persons aged > or = 15 years to detect suspected cases of TB (cough > 21 days) and sputum specimens of suspected cases were examined for acid-fast bacilli (AFB). Of 59,395 persons interviewed, 4235 (7.1%) had a cough for > 21 days. Sputum specimens were examined for AFB from 3834 persons, 52 (1.4%) of them were positive for AFB. The prevalence of chronic cough and sputum positivity were significantly higher among males compared to females (P < 0.001). The population-based prevalence rate of smear-positive TB cases was 95/100,000 among persons aged > or = 15 years. Cases of TB clustered geographically (relative risk 5.53, 95% CI 3.19-9.59). The high burden of TB among rural population warrants appropriate measures to control TB in Bangladesh. The higher prevalence of persistent cough and AFB-positive sputum among males need further exploration. Factors responsible for higher prevalence of TB in clusters should be investigated.
Zaman
K
K
ICDDR,B, Centre for Health and Population Research, Dhaka, Bangladesh. kzaman@icddrb.org
Yunus
M
M
Arifeen
S E
SE
Baqui
A H
AH
Sack
D A
DA
Hossain
S
S
Rahim
Z
Z
Ali
M
M
Banu
S
S
Islam
M A
MA
Begum
N
N
Begum
V
V
Breiman
R F
RF
Black
R E
RE
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001459:Bangladesh / Q000453:epidemiology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003371:Cough; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011159:Population Surveillance; D015995:Prevalence; D012424:Rural Population; D013183:Sputum / Q000382:microbiology; D014397:Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / Q000453:epidemiology*