A neurotoxic phospholipase A2 variant: isolation and characterization from eastern regional Indian cobra (Naja naja) venom.
CM-Sephadex C-25 column chromatography profile of Indian cobra (Naja naja) venom from eastern region showed a distinct and a dominant phospholipase peak, peak-10, while it was not seen in either southern or western venom samples. Peak-10 was subjected to CM-Sephadex C-25 and Sephadex G-50 column chromatography to isolate NN-X-PLA(2). NN-X-PLA(2) is a single chain protein with the relative molecular weight of 10kDa by SDS-PAGE. It was toxic to mice with an LD(50) value 0.098 mg/kg body weight (i.p.) and the mice exhibited acute neurotoxic symptoms. Upon indirect stimulation, it inhibited the twitching of frog's gastrocnemius muscle in a dose dependent manner. NN-X-PLA(2) was weakly anticoagulant and devoid of cytotoxicity, myotoxicity, hemorrhage, edema inducing, and directlytic activities and effects on platelet aggregation process. Upon chemical modification independently with p-bromophenacyl bromide and acetic anhydride, NN-X-PLA(2) lost both enzymatic and toxic properties.
Shashidharamurthy
R
R
Department of Biochemistry, University of Mysore, Mnasagangotri, Mysore 570 006, India.
Kemparaju
K
K
D000818:Animals; D002845:Chromatography; D004546:Elapid Venoms / Q000201:enzymology*; D017815:Elapidae; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000187:drug effects / Q000294:innervation; D010741:Phospholipases A / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000633:toxicity; D054467:Phospholipases A2; D011898:Ranidae; D012584:Sciatic Nerve / Q000187:drug effects
D004546:Elapid Venoms; D010741:Phospholipases A; D054467:Phospholipases A2