Perceptions of barriers and benefits to physical activity among outpatients in psychiatric rehabilitation.
OBJECTIVE
To explore perceived barriers and benefits to physical activity in people with serious and persistent mental illness (SPMI) who were enrolled in community-based psychiatric rehabilitation.


METHODS
Four focus groups, two for men and two for women, were held with a total of 34 outpatients from two program sites. The investigators used a semistructured interview guide to facilitate the discussions. Audiotapes of the discussions were transcribed and analyzed for concepts and themes.


RESULTS
Significant barriers to physical activity were: mental illness symptoms, medications, weight gain from medications, fear of discrimination, and safety concerns. Being in a psychiatric rehabilitation program offered comfort and belonging, but it also had the effect of leaving activity initiation up to the program staff, which some participants perceived was part of required program compliance. However, participants viewed physical activity positively, and they linked being active to improved mental health.


CONCLUSIONS
Outpatients in psychiatric rehabilitation valued physical activity, but mental illness symptoms, medication sedation, weight gain, fear of unsafe conditions, fear of discrimination, and interpretations of program compliance were barriers. Confronting how attitudes and barriers specific to this population can affect activity and reframing program compliance to include the independent initiation of activity as part of improving health might help clients of mental health services to become more active.
McDevitt
Judith
J
University of Illinois at Chicago, College of Nursing, 60612, USA. jmcdev1@uic.edu
Snyder
Marsha
M
Miller
Arlene
A
Wilbur
Joellen
J
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D015444:Exercise / Q000523:psychology*; D005239:Fear; D005260:Female; D017144:Focus Groups; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation; D028642:Persons with Psychiatric Disorders / Q000523:psychology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D015146:Midwestern United States; D009042:Motivation; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D010045:Outpatients / Q000523:psychology*; D011287:Prejudice; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000009:adverse effects; D036301:Qualitative Research; D012111:Residence Characteristics; D020377:Self Efficacy; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects
D011619:Psychotropic Drugs