Potent inhibitory effect of trans9, trans11 isomer of conjugated linoleic acid on the growth of human colon cancer cells.
This study compared the growth inhibitory effects of pure conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) isomers [cis(c)9,c11-CLA, c9,trans(t)11-CLA, t9,t11-CLA, and t10,c12-CLA] on human colon cancer cell lines (Caco-2, HT-29 and DLD-1). When Caco-2 cells were incubated up to 72 h with 200 microM, each isomer, even in the presence of 10% fetal bovine serum (FBS), cell proliferation was inhibited by all CLA isomers in a time-dependent manner. The strongest inhibitory effect was shown by t9,t11-CLA, followed by t10,c12-CLA, c9,c11-CLA and c9,t11-CLA, respectively. The strongest effect of t9,t11-CLA was also observed in other colon cancer cell lines (HT-29 and DLD-1). The order of the inhibitory effect of CLA isomer was confirmed in the presence of 1% FBS. CLA isomers supplemented in the culture medium were readily incorporated into the cellular lipids of Caco-2 and changed their fatty acid composition. The CLA contents in cellular lipids were 26.2+/-2.7% for t9,t11-CLA, 35.9+/-0.3% for c9,t11-CLA and 46.3+/-0.8% for t10,c12-CLA, respectively. DNA fragmentation was clearly recognized in Caco-2 cells treated with t9,t11-CLA. This apoptotic effect of t9,t11-CLA was dose- and time-dependent. DNA fragmentation was also induced by 9c,11t-CLA and t10,c12-CLA. However, fragmentation levels with both isomers were much lower than that with t9,t11-CLA. t9t11-CLA treatment of Caco-2 cells decreased Bcl-2 levels in association with apoptosis, whereas Bax levels remained unchanged. These results suggest that decreased expression of Bcl-2 by t9t11-CLA might increase the sensitivity of cells to lipid peroxidation and to programmed cell death, apoptosis.
Beppu
Fumiaki
F
Laboratory of Biofunctional Material Chemistry, Division of Marine Bioscience, Graduate School of Fisheries Sciences, Hokkaido University, Hakodate, Hokkaido 041-8611, Japan.
Hosokawa
Masashi
M
Tanaka
Leo
L
Kohno
Hiroyuki
H
Tanaka
Takuji
T
Miyashita
Kazuo
K
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018938:Caco-2 Cells; D016923:Cell Death / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D003110:Colonic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D004354:Drug Screening Assays, Antitumor; D006801:Humans; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; C494826:BAX protein, human; D044243:Linoleic Acids, Conjugated; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C046938:9,11-linoleic acid