Effect of Spirulina, a blue green algae, on gentamicin-induced oxidative stress and renal dysfunction in rats.
Gentamicin (GM), an aminoglycoside, is widely employed in clinical practice for the treatment of serious Gram-negative infections. The clinical utility of GM is limited by the frequent incidence of acute renal failure. Experimental evidences suggest that oxidative and nitrosative stress play an important role in GM nephrotoxicity. Spirulina fusiformis is a blue green algae with potent free radical scavenging properties. The present study was designed to investigate renoprotective potential of S. fusiformis, against GM-induced oxidative stress and renal dysfunction. Spirulina fusiformis (500, 1000, 1500 mg/kg, p.o.) was administered 2 days before and 8 days concurrently with GM (100 mg/kg, i.p.). Renal injury was assessed by measuring serum creatinine, blood urea nitrogen and creatinine clearance and serum nitrite levels. Renal oxidative stress was determined by renal malondialdehyde levels, reduced glutathione levels and by enzymatic activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and catalase. Chronic GM administration resulted in marked renal oxidative and nitrosative stress and significantly deranged renal functions. Treatment with S. fusiformis significantly and dose-dependently restored renal functions, reduced lipid peroxidation and enhanced reduced glutathione levels, SOD and catalase activities. The results of present study clearly demonstrate the pivotal role of reactive oxygen species and their relation to renal dysfunction and point to the therapeutic potential of S. fusiformis in GM-induced nephrotoxicity.
Kuhad
Anurag
A
Pharmacology Division, University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh 160014, India.
Tirkey
Naveen
N
Pilkhwal
Sangeeta
S
Chopra
Kanwaljit
K
D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000009:adverse effects*; D007668:Kidney / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007677:Kidney Function Tests; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D015538:Nitrosation; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D053545:Spirulina
D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D005839:Gentamicins