Further validation of the HPCD-technique for the evaluation of PAH microbial availability in soil.
There is currently considerable scientific interest in finding a chemical technique capable of predicting bioavailability; non-exhaustive extraction techniques (NEETs) offer such potential. Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HPCD), a NEET, is further validated through the investigation of concentration ranges, differing soil types, and the presence of co-contaminants. This is the first study to demonstrate the utility of the HPCD-extraction technique to predict the microbial availability to phenanthrene across a wide concentration range and independent of soil-contaminant contact time (123 d). The efficacy of the HPCD-extraction technique for the estimation of PAH microbial availability in soil is demonstrated in the presence of co-contaminants that have been aged for the duration of the experiment together in the soil. Desorption dynamics are compared in co-contaminant and single-PAH contaminated spiked soils to demonstrate the occurrence of competitive displacement. Overall, a single HPCD-extraction technique proved accurate and reproducible for the estimation of PAH bioavailability from soil.
Department of Environmental Science, Institute of Environmental and Natural Science, Lancaster University, Bailrigg, Lancaster, LA1 4YQ, UK.
Kieron J
KJ
Doick
Paula J
PJ
Clasper
Karina
K
Urmann
Kirk T
KT
Semple
D000073738:2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin; D000327:Adsorption; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D010616:Phenanthrenes; D006109:Poaceae; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D011721:Pyrenes; D012988:Soil Microbiology; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D013995:Time; D014197:Trees; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins
D010616:Phenanthrenes; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D011721:Pyrenes; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D047392:beta-Cyclodextrins; D000073738:2-Hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin; C031181:phenanthrene; C030984:pyrene