Cardiovascular risk among older Hispanic women: a pilot study.
This study used a descriptive correlational design to describe the relationship between cardiovascular risk and anxiety, spirituality, acculturation, and the objective indices of cardiac risk among a sample of 21 adult Hispanic women. Objective indices of risk included weight, blood pressure, blood lipids, and glucose. Four survey instruments were used to assess anxiety, spirituality, acculturation, and perceived risk. Findings revealed that all study participants had 3 or more risk factors, placing them in the moderate risk category for developing heart disease or having a heart attack within 10 years. State and trait anxiety scores were lower than the normative samples for adult women. Spirituality scores were higher than average; individuals with higher anxiety scores had lower spirituality scores. More research is needed to determine the health needs of unskilled workers with limited education in employment settings.
University of the Incarnate Word, San Antonio, TX, USA.
Annette
A
Etnyre
Maureen
M
Rauschhuber
Irene
I
Gilliland
Jennifer
J
Cook
Marveen
M
Mahon
David
D
Allwein
Renee
R
Sethness
Jolynn
J
Lowry
Mary Elaine
ME
Jones
D000069:Acculturation; D017677:Age Distribution; D001007:Anxiety / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000208:ethnology* / Q000209:etiology; D048909:Diabetes Complications / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology; D004544:El Salvador / Q000208:ethnology; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D005260:Female; D006306:Health Surveys; D006630:Hispanic or Latino / Q000193:education / Q000208:ethnology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology; D008800:Mexico / Q000208:ethnology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology; D010865:Pilot Projects; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012647:Self-Assessment; D017678:Sex Distribution; D015206:Southwestern United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D029181:Spirituality; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires