Developmental reflexes and 31P Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of basal ganglia in antipsychotic-naive schizophrenia.
The study examined the high energy-phosphate metabolism of basal ganglia in antipsychotic-naive schizophrenia patients with and without developmental reflexes in comparison to healthy subjects. Nineteen antipsychotic-naive schizophrenics of whom 11 had developmental reflexes and 26 age-sex-matched healthy subjects without developmental reflexes underwent in-vivo 2-D 31P Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of basal ganglia on a 1.5-T scanner. Mean age-at-onset of psychosis was significantly lower in patients with developmental reflexes. Mean PCr/Total ATP ratio in bilateral basal ganglia was lower in patients than healthy subjects. The ratio was the least in patients with developmental reflexes (F=10.7; df=2, 42; p<0.001). Schizophrenia patients with developmental reflexes had the lowest PCr/Total ATP ratio in basal ganglia indicating more severe metabolic abnormality. These patients had younger age-at-onset of psychosis. Together, this suggests neurodevelopmental etiopathogenesis in schizophrenia.
Gangadhar
Bangalore N
BN
Department of Psychiatry, National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences, Hosur road, Bangalore 560029, India. bng@nimhans.kar.nic.in
Jayakumar
Peruvamba N
PN
Venkatasubramanian
Ganesan
G
Janakiramaiah
Nimmagadda
N
Keshavan
Matcheri S
MS
D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D001479:Basal Ganglia / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008297:Male; D010725:Phosphocreatine / Q000378:metabolism; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D012018:Reflex / Q000502:physiology*; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000378:metabolism*; D012565:Schizophrenic Psychology
D010725:Phosphocreatine; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate