Long-term effectiveness against cholera of oral killed whole-cell vaccine produced in Vietnam.
We assessed the long-term protection afforded by a killed whole-cell oral cholera vaccine produced in Vietnam. A mass immunization of children and adults with the killed whole-cell oral cholera vaccine was undertaken in half of the communes of Hue, Vietnam, in 1998; the remaining communes were immunized in 2000. No cholera was observed in Hue until 2003, when an outbreak of El Tor cholera made it possible to conduct a case-control study. The overall vaccine effectiveness 3-5 years after vaccination was 50% (9-63%). This low-cost, easily administered vaccine should be considered as a tool for the control of cholera.
Thiem
Vu Dinh
VD
National Institute of Hygiene and Epidemiology, Hanoi, Vietnam.
Deen
Jacqueline L
JL
von Seidlein
Lorenz
L
Canh
Do Gia
DG
Anh
Dang Duc
DD
Park
Jin-Kyung
JK
Ali
Mohammad
M
Danovaro-Holliday
M Carolina
MC
Son
Nguyen Dinh
ND
Hoa
Nguyen Thai
NT
Holmgren
Jan
J
Clemens
John D
JD
D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D002648:Child; D002771:Cholera / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D022121:Cholera Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D015986:Confounding Factors, Epidemiologic; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D006801:Humans; D014744:Vietnam / Q000453:epidemiology
D022121:Cholera Vaccines