Iron dysregulation and neurodegeneration: the molecular connection.
Iron is essential for many biological processes however excess concentrations can be harmful to many tissues. Its amounts must therefore be carefully regulated in all cells of the body including those in the brain. Increased amounts of iron have been reported in many neurodegenerative disorders. Whether this increased iron contributes to neurodegeneration has been considered controversial. In this review, we discuss some recently identified anomalies in proteins linked with iron metabolism which signify a critical role for iron dysregulation in neurodegeneration.
Lee
Donna W
DW
Buck Institute for Age Research, Novato, California 94945, USA.
Andersen
Julie K
JK
Kaur
Deepinder
D
D000818:Animals; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D002570:Ceruloplasmin / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1 / Q000378:metabolism; D000071020:Hemochromatosis Protein; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007501:Iron / Q000378:metabolism*; D019189:Iron Metabolism Disorders; D033862:Iron-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D035925:Iron-Regulatory Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008667:Metalloproteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D008954:Models, Biological; D009154:Mutation; D009410:Nerve Degeneration / Q000235:genetics*; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor) / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000096923:Frataxin; D000099236:Solute Carrier Family 11, Member 2
D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D002570:Ceruloplasmin; D051547:Heme Oxygenase-1; D000071020:Hemochromatosis Protein; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D007501:Iron; D033862:Iron-Binding Proteins; D035925:Iron-Regulatory Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D008667:Metalloproteins; D017853:Phosphotransferases (Alcohol Group Acceptor); D000096923:Frataxin; D000099236:Solute Carrier Family 11, Member 2; C103673:HFE protein, human; C023088:pantothenate kinase