Molecular evidence for the infection of zoo chimpanzees by pig Ascaris.
We here describe the transmission of the pig roundworm, Ascaris suum to chimpanzees maintained in the Copenhagen Zoo, Denmark. Using a technique for whole genome fingerprinting, amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) and the technique PCR restricted fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) of the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS) of the nuclear ribosomal DNA, the worms from the chimpanzees were compared with Ascaris spp obtained from humans and pigs in order to identify the source of the infection. By the use of different distance and clustering based methods on the AFLP data set the worms from the chimpanzees were assigned to the same cluster as that of the worms from pigs. The PCR-RFLP analysis supported the AFLP results. Therefore, the zoo chimpanzees have required Ascaris infections by cross-infection from pigs. Pigs as a potential source of Ascaris infections for both captive and wild chimpanzees and other animals, therefore needs to be considered and appropriate steps taken to prevent such infection.
Nejsum
Peter
P
Danish Centre for Experimental Parasitology, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Dyrlaegevej 100, DK-1870, Frederiksberg C, Copenhagen, Denmark. pn@kvl.dk
Grøndahl
Carsten
C
Murrell
K Darwin
KD
D000818:Animals; D000836:Animals, Zoo / Q000469:parasitology; D018420:Ape Diseases / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000635:transmission; D001196:Ascariasis / Q000469:parasitology / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D001200:Ascaris / Q000145:classification / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D018509:DNA, Helminth / Q000032:analysis*; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000032:analysis; D003718:Denmark / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D002679:Pan troglodytes; D010802:Phylogeny; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000469:parasitology* / Q000635:transmission
D018509:DNA, Helminth; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer