title: Quantitative comparison of the inhibitory effects of GW5638 and tamoxifen on angiogenesis in the cornea pocket assay.
abstract: GW5638 is a novel tissue-selective estrogen receptor (ER) modulator. Structurally, it is a derivative of tamoxifen that is known for its inhibitory effects on angiogenesis in an ER-independent manner. Therefore, it is possible that GW5638 has the same effects as tamoxifen on angiogenesis. To test this hypothesis, we used the rat cornea pocket assay and developed a new method that could precisely determine the total projected area of microvessels induced by basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF) in the cornea. Animals in the study were treated with corn oil (control group), tamoxifen, or GW5638. After treatment, we observed that both GW5638 and tamoxifen could inhibit angiogenesis in the cornea (P<0.05) and that the inhibitory effects were not mediated by blocking functions of estrogen. Meanwhile, GW5638 had minimal effects on the body weight of animals whereas tamoxifen significantly reduced the body weight. Based on these observations, we concluded that GW5638 was as effective as tamoxifen in antiangiogenic treatment but less toxic than tamoxifen.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biomedical Engineering, Duke University, Durham, North Carolina 27708, USA.
authors.forename: Sheng
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tong
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Si-Qing
authors.initials: SQ
authors.lastname: Shan
authors.forename: Mark W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Dewhirst
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yuan
mesh_terms: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay; D002934:Cinnamates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003315:Cornea / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D051381:Rats; D011916:Rats, Inbred F344; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013629:Tamoxifen / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D020533:Angiogenesis Inhibitors; D002934:Cinnamates; D020845:Selective Estrogen Receptor Modulators; D013267:Stilbenes; D013629:Tamoxifen; C087550:3-(4-(1,2-diphenylbut-1-enyl)phenyl)acrylic acid