Positive and negative opinion modeling: the influence of another's similarity and dissimilarity.
Modeling research that has focused on the effects of observing similar others appears to have underestimated the influence of observing dissimilar others. Two experiments demonstrated that observing a model express liking for a piece of music induced more favorable opinions of the music (positive modeling) when the model was similar to the participant observer in relevant opinions, and more negative opinions (negative modeling) when the model was dissimilar to the participant in relevant opinions. Of note, this pattern was more pronounced when participants also believed their general backgrounds were dissimilar rather than similar to that of the model. Underlying social comparison processes and the mediational role of participants' liking of the model are considered.
Hilmert
Clayton J
CJ
Department of Psychology, University of California, Los Angeles, CA, USA. clayton.hilmert@ndsu.edu
Kulik
James A
JA
Christenfeld
Nicholas J S
NJ
D000704:Analysis of Variance; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008960:Models, Psychological; D009146:Music; D012649:Self Concept; D012928:Social Desirability; D012938:Social Perception; D013334:Students