Effect of amount and ruminal degradability of soybean meal protein on performance of lactating dairy cows.
Twenty-eight Holstein cows (4 with ruminal cannulas) were blocked by days in milk into 7 groups and then randomly assigned to 1 of 7 balanced 4 x 4 Latin square diet sequences. The diets contained [dry matter (DM) basis] 20% alfalfa silage, 35% corn silage, and 45% concentrate mainly from high-moisture corn and soybean meal. Diets differed in crude protein (CP) content and source of protein supplement: diet A) 15.6% CP, 3.7% solvent-extracted soybean meal (SSBM), 4.5% expeller soybean meal (ESBM); diet B) 16.6% CP, 9.6% SSBM, 0% ESBM; diet C) 16.6% CP, 4.6% SSBM, 5.9% ESBM; and diet D) 17.6% CP, 11.7% SSBM, 0% ESBM. Each experimental period consisted of 14 d for adaptation plus 14 d for collection of production data. Sampling of ruminal digesta and spot sampling of blood, feces, and urine was done on d 26 and 27 of each period. Planned contrasts compared included diet A vs. diet B, diet B vs. diet C, and diet B vs. diet D. There were no effects of diet on most of the production traits measured. However, milk yield tended to be higher for diet B vs. A. Trends were also detected for higher DM intake and weight gain and lower milk yield/DM intake in cows fed diet D vs. diet B. Milk lactose content was higher on diets A and C than on B. Ruminal NH3 was higher on diet D vs. B, but other ruminal metabolites, apparent nutrient digestibility, and estimated bacterial CP synthesis did not differ across diets. Blood and milk urea-N were higher on diets C and D than on B; milk urea-N was higher on diet B than on A. Increasing dietary CP from 16.6% (diet B) to 17.6% (diet D) increased urinary N excretion by 54 g/d and reduced apparent N efficiency (milk N/N intake) by 2.5 percentage units, without altering yield. Under the conditions of this trial, milk production was not improved by feeding rumen-undegraded protein from ESBM or greater amounts of rumen-degraded protein from SSBM. Feeding more than 16.6% CP depressed N efficiency.
Colmenero
J J Olmos
JJ
Department of Dairy Science, University of Wisconsin, Madison 53706, USA.
Broderick
G A
GA
D000481:Allantoin / Q000652:urine; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D002417:Cattle / Q000502:physiology*; D004032:Diet; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D004063:Digestion; D005260:Female; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007774:Lactation / Q000502:physiology*; D007785:Lactose / Q000032:analysis; D000455:Medicago sativa; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D012417:Rumen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000382:microbiology; D012820:Silage; D030262:Soybean Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism*; D003313:Zea mays
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D030262:Soybean Proteins; D000481:Allantoin; D007785:Lactose; D009584:Nitrogen