HIV infection and dementia in older adults.
Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection in older patients is becoming increasingly common as seropositive individuals live longer because of long-term antiretroviral treatment. Simultaneously, the development and expression of dementia among HIV-infected patients is evolving in the era of highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) and immune reconstitution. How long-term HAART interacts with chronic HIV infection and advanced age with regard to cognition is not fully understood. This article provides an overview of HIV cognitive impairment as it relates to aging and presents some emerging issues in the field. Particular emphasis is placed on describing the changing landscape of HIV-related cognitive impairment and discussing possible concerns regarding the long-term effects of antiretroviral treatment. A brief discussion of potential adjunctive therapies to reduce cognitive symptoms associated with HIV infection in older individuals is provided.
Valcour
Victor
V
Hawaii AIDS Clinical Research Program and Department of Geriatric Medicine, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii 96816, USA. Vvalcour@hawaii.edu
Paul
Robert
R
D015526:AIDS Dementia Complex / Q000453:epidemiology*; D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging; D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology; D014766:Viremia / Q000517:prevention & control