Development and validation of HPLC methods for the analysis of phenethylamine and indoloquinazoline alkaloids in Evodia species.
The aim of this study was to evaluate the chromatographic performance of a PEG stationary phase, in comparison with those of C18 columns, for the HPLC analysis of phenethylamine ((+/-)-synephrine) and indoloquinazoline (rutaecarpine and evodiamine) alkaloids in methanolic extracts of fruits of Evodia rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth. and E. rutaecarpa (Juss.) Benth. var. officinalis (Dode) Huang (i.e., E. officinalis Dode) (Rutaceae family). The method was validated and showed good linearity, precision, accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity. The highest content of both phenethylamine and indoloquinazoline alkaloids was found in methanolic fruit extracts of E. rutaecarpa, and it was closely related to the degree of maturity. E. officinalis fruits displayed low amounts of both types of alkaloids. Furthermore, an enantioselective HPLC method for the enantioseparation of (+/-)-synephrine from Evodia fruits was applied, by using a protein-based chiral stationary phase with cellobiohydrolase (CBH) as the chiral selector (Chiral-CBH). Isolation of synephrine from Evodia aqueous fruit extracts was carried out by strong cation-exchange SPE. The results of the application of the method to the analysis of Evodia samples showed that (-)-synephrine was the main component while (+)-synephrine was present in low concentration.
Pellati
Federica
F
Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Modena and Reggio Emilia, Modena, Italy. pellati.federica@unimore.it
Benvenuti
Stefania
S
Yoshizaki
Fumihiko
F
Melegari
Michele
M
D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D032086:Evodia / Q000737:chemistry*; D005638:Fruit / Q000737:chemistry; D026121:Indole Alkaloids / Q000032:analysis*; D008516:Medicine, Chinese Traditional; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010627:Phenethylamines / Q000032:analysis*; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000032:analysis*; D010946:Plants, Medicinal / Q000737:chemistry; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000737:chemistry; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs / Q000032:analysis; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000032:analysis*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013237:Stereoisomerism; D013578:Synephrine / Q000032:analysis*; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000032:analysis; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000032:analysis; D052999:Quinazolinones
D026121:Indole Alkaloids; D010627:Phenethylamines; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; D011619:Psychotropic Drugs; D011799:Quinazolines; D012997:Solvents; D013578:Synephrine; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; C029261:phenethylamine; C028632:rutecarpine; D052999:Quinazolinones; C049639:evodiamine