title: Factors associated with risk of low folate intake among adolescents.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate factors associated with the risk of low folate intake among adolescents.
  
  
  METHODS
  We employed cluster sampling, using a random selection of 40 representative census sectors and households within those sectors, including all individuals between 10 and 19 years of age. The weight, height and skin folds of subjects were measured and socioeconomic data on their families were collected. A 24-hour dietary recall and frequency questionnaire were used to estimate the quantity and frequency of folate intake. Folate consumption was quantified using Nutwin software. Risk of low folate intake was defined as Folate consumption below the estimated average requirement. The statistical analysis employed hierarchical logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 722 adolescents were investigated and their mean folate intake was 145+/-117 microg. The frequency of subjects at risk of having a lower than recommended folate intake was 89%. Adolescents had a greater risk of inadequate folate intake if their body mass index was at or above the 85th percentile, their waist circumference was at or above the 80th percentile or they had a family history of cardiovascular disease. Adolescents who ate beans and dark green vegetables less than four times a week also exhibited an increased chance of having folate intake below recommended levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These adolescents present a high risk of low folate intake and this risk is linked with increasing age, waist circumference above the 80th percentile and low frequency of beans and dark green vegetables consumption.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade do Vale do Rio dos Sinos, São Leopoldo, RS, Brazil. vitolo@unisinos.br
authors.forename: Márcia R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Vitolo
authors.forename: Queli
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Canal
authors.forename: Paula D B
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Campagnolo
authors.forename: Cíntia M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Gama
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017677:Age Distribution; D015992:Body Mass Index; D002648:Child; D004032:Diet / Q000592:standards*; D004034:Diet Surveys; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D005492:Folic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005494:Folic Acid Deficiency / Q000175:diagnosis; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009752:Nutritional Status; D017678:Sex Distribution
chemical_list: D005492:Folic Acid