Incidence of second primary cancer in transplanted patients.
BACKGROUND
Solid organ transplanted patients have a three- to fourfold higher lifetime risk of developing a cancer than the general population. However, the incidence of a second primary cancer in transplanted patients has never been studied, despite the fact that the presence of regular follow-ups and the increased survival of these patients make them a very attractive model.


METHODS
We investigated the incidence of a second primary cancer (SPC) in 7,636 patients who underwent a kidney, liver, lung or heart transplant between 1970 and 2004, and were followed-up for 51,819 person-years.


RESULTS
During the follow-up, 499 subjects developed a first cancer (annual incidence: 98.6 x 10,000 PY), and 22 of them developed a SPC (annual incidence: 3.9 x 10,000 PY). The annual incidence of a SPC in the transplanted patients who developed a first cancer was 107.8 x 10,000 PY, giving a standardized incidence ratio of 1.1 (95% CI: 0.83-1.41).


CONCLUSIONS
This result shows that the incidence of the SPC was the same as the incidence of a first cancer. Our study does not indicate an increased risk of SPC in transplanted subjects who already suffered a first malignancy.
Taioli
Emanuela
E
University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, PA 15232, USA. taiolien@upmc.edu
Piselli
Pierluca
P
Arbustini
Eloisa
E
Boschiero
Luigi
L
Burra
Patrizia
P
Busnach
Ghil
G
Caldara
Rossana
R
Citterio
Franco
F
De Juli
Emanuela
E
Dissegna
Daniela
D
Gotti
Eliana
E
Marchini
Francesco
F
Maresca
Maria Cristina
MC
Marsano
Luigina
L
Montagnino
Giuseppe
G
Montanaro
Domenico
D
Sandrini
Silvio
S
Pedotti
Paola
P
Scalamogna
Mario
M
Serraino
Diego
D
D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D013997:Time Factors