title: Incidence of second primary cancer in transplanted patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Solid organ transplanted patients have a three- to fourfold higher lifetime risk of developing a cancer than the general population. However, the incidence of a second primary cancer in transplanted patients has never been studied, despite the fact that the presence of regular follow-ups and the increased survival of these patients make them a very attractive model.
  
  
  METHODS
  We investigated the incidence of a second primary cancer (SPC) in 7,636 patients who underwent a kidney, liver, lung or heart transplant between 1970 and 2004, and were followed-up for 51,819 person-years.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the follow-up, 499 subjects developed a first cancer (annual incidence: 98.6 x 10,000 PY), and 22 of them developed a SPC (annual incidence: 3.9 x 10,000 PY). The annual incidence of a SPC in the transplanted patients who developed a first cancer was 107.8 x 10,000 PY, giving a standardized incidence ratio of 1.1 (95% CI: 0.83-1.41).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This result shows that the incidence of the SPC was the same as the incidence of a first cancer. Our study does not indicate an increased risk of SPC in transplanted subjects who already suffered a first malignancy.
authors.affiliation: University of Pittsburgh Cancer Institute, PA 15232, USA. taiolien@upmc.edu
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Taioli
authors.forename: Pierluca
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Piselli
authors.forename: Eloisa
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Arbustini
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Boschiero
authors.forename: Patrizia
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Burra
authors.forename: Ghil
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Busnach
authors.forename: Rossana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Caldara
authors.forename: Franco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Citterio
authors.forename: Emanuela
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: De Juli
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dissegna
authors.forename: Eliana
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gotti
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Marchini
authors.forename: Maria Cristina
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Maresca
authors.forename: Luigina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Marsano
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Montagnino
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Montanaro
authors.forename: Silvio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sandrini
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pedotti
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scalamogna
authors.forename: Diego
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Serraino
mesh_terms: D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D016027:Heart Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D016040:Lung Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects; D013997:Time Factors