title: Evidence from knockout mice against physiologically significant aquaporin 8-facilitated ammonia transport.
abstract: Aquaporin (AQP)8-facilitated transport of NH(3) has been suggested recently by increased NH(3) permeability in Xenopus oocytes and yeast expressing human or rat AQP8. We tested the proposed roles of AQP8-facilitated NH(3) transport in mammalian physiology by comparative phenotype studies in wild-type vs. AQP8-null mice. AQP8-facilitated NH(3) transport was confirmed in mammalian cell cultures expressing rat or mouse AQP8, in which the fluorescence of a pH-sensing yellow fluorescent protein was measured in response to ammonia (NH(3)/NH(4)(+)) gradients. Relative AQP8 single-channel NH(3)-to-water permeability was approximately 0.03. AQP8-facilitated NH(3) and water permeability in a native tissue was confirmed in membrane vesicles isolated from testes of wild-type vs. AQP8-null mice, in which BCECF was used as an intravesicular pH indicator. A series of in vivo studies were done in mice, including 1) serum ammonia measurements before and after ammonia infusion, 2) renal ammonia clearance, 3) colonic ammonia absorption, and 4) liver ammonia accumulation and renal ammonia excretion after acute and chronic ammonia loading. Except for a small reduction in hepatic ammonia accumulation and increase in ammonia excretion in AQP8-null mice loaded with large amounts of ammonia, there were no significant differences in wild-type vs. AQP8-null mice. Our results support the conclusion that AQP8 can facilitate NH(3) transport but provide evidence against physiologically significant AQP8-facilitated NH(3) transport in mice.
authors.affiliation: 1246 Health Sciences East Tower, Box 0521, University of California-San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143-0521, USA. byang@itsa.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Baoxue
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Zhao
authors.forename: Eugene
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Solenov
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Verkman
mesh_terms: D000641:Ammonia / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000652:urine; D000643:Ammonium Chloride / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D020346:Aquaporins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D001692:Biological Transport; D007473:Ion Channels / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology*; D008099:Liver / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D051381:Rats; D013737:Testis / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D020346:Aquaporins; D007473:Ion Channels; C108330:aquaporin 8; D000643:Ammonium Chloride; D000641:Ammonia