title: Remote ischaemic preconditioning of the hind limb reduces experimental liver warm ischaemia-reperfusion injury.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Direct ischaemic preconditioning of the liver reduces ischaemia-reperfusion injury (IRI). Remote ischaemic preconditioning (RIPC) of a limb has been shown to reduce IRI to the heart. This study determined the effect of brief remote ischaemia to the limb in reducing early liver warm IRI.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-eight male rabbits were allocated to four groups: sham operated, RIPC alone, IRI alone, and RIPC plus IRI. RIPC was induced in the leg with a tourniquet, before liver IRI, by three alternate cycles of 10 min ischaemia followed by 10 min reperfusion. Liver IRI was produced by total inflow occlusion for 25 min. Markers of liver injury and systemic and hepatic haemodynamics were measured for 2 h after reperfusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 2 h, IRI alone was associated with increased serum levels of aminotransferases, and reduced mean arterial blood pressure, hepatic blood flow and peripheral oxygen saturation. There was significant improvement in these variables in animals that had RIPC before liver IRI, and hepatic venous nitrate/nitrite levels were also significantly higher.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this experimental model RIPC appeared to reduce liver IRI.
authors.affiliation: Hepatopancreatobiliary and Liver Transplant Unit, University Department of Surgery, Royal Free Hospital, London, UK.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kanoria
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jalan
authors.forename: N A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Seifalian
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: B R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Davidson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001794:Blood Pressure; D006614:Hindlimb; D019194:Ischemic Preconditioning; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D011817:Rabbits; D015427:Reperfusion Injury / Q000517:prevention & control*; D052096:Warm Ischemia