title: [Weight variation in users of the levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system, of the copper IUD and of medroxyprogesterone acetate in Brazil].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Assess weight variations in Brazilian users of the 20 microg/day levonorgestrel-releasing intrauterine system (LNG-IUS, Mirena) for comparison with a cohort of users of the TCu 380A intrauterine device (IUD) and a cohort of users of the injectable contraceptive, depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate (DMPA) over a period of five years.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 163 users of the LNG-IUS, who had the device inserted in 1998, were admitted to the study. At the time of enrollment, each woman was matched by weight (+/- 1 kg) and age (+/- 1 year) to a woman using a TCu 380A IUD and to another woman using DMPA. All women were followed up for a period of five years. Each year weight was measured and the body mass index (BMI, kg/m2) was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Age of the LNG-IUS users was 27.0 +/- 6.7 years (mean +/- SD), while age of the copper IUD users was 28.0 +/- 6.6 years and that of DMPA users was 26.9 +/- 6.5 years. Weight recorded at the onset of the study was 62.9 +/- 0.8 kg, 62.8 +/- 0.8 kg, and 62.5 +/- 0.9 kg (Mean +/- SD) for users of the LNG-IUS, the copper IUD, and DMPA, respectively. The BMI of women was initially 25.0 (+/- 0.3), 26.4 (+/- 0.3), and 25.5 (+/- 0.4), (Mean +/- SD), for users of the LNG-IUS, copper IUD, and DMPA, respectively. Weight increases of 3.1 kg, 4.9 kg and 8.2 kg were observed at the end of the fifth year among users of the LNG-IUS, copper IUD, and DMPA, respectively (p = 0.009). Increase of the BMI was also observed among all groups (final BMI was 26.3 +/- 0.7, 28.5 +/- 0.8 and 28.7 +/- 1.3 for users of the LNG-IUS, copper IUD and DMPA, respectively). Multivariate analysis showed that there was a significant association between weight increase and length of use of the contraceptive method and of the DMPA.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of a LNG-IUS during five years caused no significant weight increase and the difference in weight was of the same magnitude as that of copper IUD users.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Obstetrícia e Ginecologia, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil. yeladaniela@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Daniela Angerame
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Yela
authors.forename: Ilza Maria Urbano
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Monteiro
authors.forename: Luis Guillermo
authors.initials: LG
authors.lastname: Bahamondes
authors.forename: Soledad
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Del Castillo
authors.forename: Maria Valeria
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Bahamondes
authors.forename: Arlete
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fernandes
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001938:Brazil; D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007435:Intrauterine Devices, Copper; D007436:Intrauterine Devices, Medicated; D016912:Levonorgestrel / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000494:pharmacology; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D003271:Contraceptive Agents, Female; D016912:Levonorgestrel; D017258:Medroxyprogesterone Acetate