title: Self-reported history of hypercholesterolaemia and gallstones and the risk of prostate cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although prostate cancer is one of the most common male cancers, its aetiology-and particularly the role of comorbidity-remains poorly understood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1991 and 2002, a case-control study on prostate cancer was conducted in Italy. This included 1294 men under the age of 75 years with incident, histologically confirmed prostate cancer, and 1451 controls, admitted to the same hospitals as cases for a wide spectrum of acute, non-neoplastic diseases. The subjects' self-reported history of selected medical conditions was assessed through a structured and satisfactorily reproducible questionnaire. Multivariate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were obtained after allowance for major potential confounding factors.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant direct relation was observed between hypercholesterolaemia and prostate cancer (OR = 1.51, 95% CI 1.23-1.85). This association was stronger (OR = 1.80) in older subjects (age > or =65) than in younger ones (OR = 1.32). A non-significant excess risk of prostate cancer was also observed for gallstones (OR = 1.26, 95% CI 0.93-1.70) and the relation was apparently stronger in patients with lower body mass index (OR = 1.59).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study suggests a possible relation between hypercholesterolaemia and prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Ricerche Farmacologiche Mario Negri, Milan, Italy. bravi@marionegri.it
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bravi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Scotti
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bosetti
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Talamini
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Negri
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Montella
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Franceschi
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: La Vecchia
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D042882:Gallstones / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000453:epidemiology*; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008487:Medical History Taking; D008875:Middle Aged; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors