title: Hypobaric hypoxia affects endogenous levels of alpha-keto acids in murine heart ventricles.
abstract: Alpha-keto acids have recently been identified as potent regulators of cellular adaptations to hypoxia. Their actual intracellular concentrations under such conditions are unknown. Here, we determined concentrations of alpha-ketobutyrate, alpha-ketoglutarate, alpha-ketoisocaproate, alpha-ketoisovalerate, alpha-keto-beta-methylvalerate, phenylpyruvate, and pyruvate by a recently developed ultra-sensitive fluorescence HPLC method in ventricular myocardium of mice exposed to hypobaric hypoxia for up to 3 weeks. We observed characteristic alterations of cardiac alpha-keto acid concentrations that are specific for individual alpha-keto acids, show significant side differences (right versus left ventricles), and are suited to trigger some of the cardiac metabolic and structural adaptations to chronic hypoxia.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Anaesthesiology, Intensive Care Medicine, Pain Therapy and Palliative Medicine, Justus-Liebig-University, Giessen, Germany.
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mühling
authors.forename: Renate
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Paddenberg
authors.forename: Gunter
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hempelmann
authors.forename: Wolfgang
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Kummer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000378:metabolism*; D007651:Keto Acids / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008623:Mercaptoethanol; D051379:Mice; D010655:Phenylenediamines
chemical_list: D007651:Keto Acids; D010655:Phenylenediamines; D008623:Mercaptoethanol; C034193:1,2-diaminobenzene