title: Economic evaluation of controlled-release oxycodone vs oxycodone-acetaminophen for osteoarthritis pain of the hip or knee.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine, in routine practice, the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of oxycodone (OxyContin) compared with standard therapy for osteoarthritis pain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Open-label active-controlled randomized naturalistic 4-month study of oxycodone vs a combination of oxycodone-acetaminophen (Percocet).
  
  
  METHODS
  Outcomes and health resource utilization data were collected by telephone interview. Effectiveness was measured among 485 patients as the proportion having at least 20% improvement from baseline in the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index pain score. Quality-adjusted life-years (QALYs) were calculated from the Health Utilities Index 3 score. Cost-effectiveness was measured as cost per patient improved and the QALYs gained, using generic oxycodone-acetaminophen in the base case for the healthcare and societal perspectives. Uncertainty was evaluated using multiple 1-way sensitivity analyses and cost-effectiveness acceptability curves.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Improvement occurred in 62.2% of patients with oxycodone and in 45.9% of patients with oxycodone-acetaminophen (P < .001). After adjustment for baseline differences, 0.0105 QALYs were gained with oxycodone compared with oxycodone-acetaminophen (P = .17). The mean societal costs per patient during 4 months were 7379 US dollars and 7528 US dollars for oxycodone and oxycodone-acetaminophen, respectively (P = .33). Oxycodone was more effective and less costly than oxycodone-acetaminophen based on the societal perspective (including costs associated with time lost). Based on the healthcare perspective (excluding costs associated with time lost), the cost-effectiveness of oxycodone was 4883 US dollars per patient improved and 75,810 US dollars per QALY gained. The base-case results were robust.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  From the societal perspective, oxycodone was more effective and less costly than oxycodone-acetaminophen. From the healthcare perspective, oxycodone (compared with generic oxycodone-acetaminophen) fell within the acceptable range of cost-effectiveness between 50,000 US dollars and 100,000 US dollars per QALY gained.
authors.affiliation: Health Economics and Outcomes Research, i3 Innovus Research Inc, Burlington, Ontario, Canada. dmarshall@innovus.com
authors.forename: Deborah A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: Marcie E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Strauss
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pericak
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Buitendyk
authors.forename: Christine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Codding
authors.forename: George W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Torrance
mesh_terms: D000082:Acetaminophen / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D015207:Osteoarthritis, Hip / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D020370:Osteoarthritis, Knee / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D010098:Oxycodone / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010146:Pain / Q000188:drug therapy*; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D000082:Acetaminophen; D010098:Oxycodone