title: Pitfalls in lactate measurements at 3T.
abstract: In clinical MR spectroscopy at higher field strengths, lactate may show reduced or absent signal intensity at an echo time of 144 ms. Although this false-negative result may be predicted from theory, experimental verification and clinical impact have not been fully established. Using scanners from 3 major vendors, spectra from phantoms and patients demonstrate the lactate signal loss and potential error in interpretation. Strategies are discussed to overcome, or at least alleviate, this problem.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Biomedical Engineering, University of Zurich and Swiss Federal Institute of Technology Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lange
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dydak
authors.forename: T P L
authors.initials: TP
authors.lastname: Roberts
authors.forename: H A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Rowley
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bjeljac
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Boesiger
mesh_terms: D001927:Brain Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005188:False Negative Reactions; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging
chemical_list: D019344:Lactic Acid