Cinnamaldehyde reduces IL-1beta-induced cyclooxygenase-2 activity in rat cerebral microvascular endothelial cells.
Cinnamaldehyde is a principle compound isolated from Guizhi-Tang, which is a famous traditional Chinese medical formula used to treat influenza, common cold and other pyretic conditions. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of cinnamaldehyde on expression and activity of cyclooxygenase (COX) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)) in rat cerebral microvascular endothelial cells (RCMEC). RCMEC were cultured, and identified by immunohistochemistry for von Willebrand factor in cytoplasm of the cells. Then cells were incubated in M199 medium containing interleukin (IL)-1beta in the presence or absence of cinnamaldehyde. After incubation, the medium was collected and the amount of PGE(2) was measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). The cells were harvested, mRNA expression and activity of COX were analyzed by real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) with SYBR Green dye and ELISA respectively. Positive immunostaining for von Willebrand factor was present diffusely in the cytoplasm of >95% RCMEC. IL-1beta increased the mRNA expression and activity of COX-2, and production of PGE(2) in a dose- and time-dependent manner in RCMEC, while mRNA and activity of COX-1 were not significantly altered. Cinnamaldehyde significantly decreased IL-1beta-induced COX-2 activity and PGE(2) production in a dose-dependent manner, while it showed no inhibitory effect on IL-1beta-induced COX-2 mRNA expression in cultured RCMEC. In conclusion, cinnamaldehyde reduces IL-1beta-induced COX-2 activity, but not IL-1beta-induced COX-2 mRNA expression, and consequently inhibits production of PGE(2) in cultured RCMEC.
Guo
Jian-You
JY
Tang Center for Herbal Medicine Research, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China.
Huo
Hai-Ru
HR
Zhao
Bao-Sheng
BS
Liu
Hong-Bin
HB
Li
Lan-Fang
LF
Ma
Yue-Ying
YY
Guo
Shu-Ying
SY
Jiang
Ting-Liang
TL
D000171:Acrolein / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D005334:Fever / Q000188:drug therapy; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats
D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D007375:Interleukin-1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000171:Acrolein; D051545:Cyclooxygenase 1; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D015232:Dinoprostone; C012843:cinnamaldehyde