title: Extrusion of Ca2+ from mouse motor terminal mitochondria via a Na+-Ca2+ exchanger increases post-tetanic evoked release.
abstract: Mitochondria sequester much of the Ca2+ that enters motor nerve terminals during repetitive stimulation at frequencies exceeding 10-20 Hz. We studied the post-stimulation extrusion of Ca2+ from mitochondria by measuring changes in matrix [Ca2+] with fluorescent indicators loaded into motor terminal mitochondria in the mouse levator auris longus muscle. Trains of action potentials at 50 Hz produced a rapid increase in mitochondrial [Ca2+] followed by a plateau, which was usually maintained after the end of the stimulus train and then slowly decayed back to baseline. Increasing the Ca2+ load delivered to the terminal by increasing the number of stimuli (from 500 to 2000) or the stimulation frequency (from 50 to 100 Hz), by increasing bath [Ca2+], or by prolonging the action potential with 3,4-diaminopyridine (100 microM) prolonged the post-stimulation decay of mitochondrial [Ca2+] without increasing the amplitude of the plateau during stimulation. Inhibiting the opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore with cyclosporin A (5 microM) had no significant effect on the decay of mitochondrial [Ca2+]. Inhibition of the mitochondrial Na+-Ca2+ exchanger with CGP-37157 (50 microM) dramatically prolonged the post-stimulation decay of mitochondrial [Ca2+], reduced post-stimulation residual cytosolic [Ca2+], and reduced the amplitude of endplate potentials evoked after the end of a stimulus train in the presence of both low and normal bath [Ca2+]. These findings suggest that Ca2+ extrusion from motor terminal mitochondria occurs primarily via the mitochondrial Na+-Ca2+ exchanger and helps to sustain post-tetanic transmitter release at mouse neuromuscular junctions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Biophysics, University of Miami Miller School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33101, USA.
authors.forename: Luis E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: García-Chacón
authors.forename: Khanh T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Gavriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: David
authors.forename: Ellen F
authors.initials: EF
authors.lastname: Barrett
mesh_terms: D000200:Action Potentials / Q000502:physiology*; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D020013:Calcium Signaling / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000502:physiology*; D009046:Motor Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology*; D017729:Presynaptic Terminals / Q000378:metabolism*; D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D019831:Sodium-Calcium Exchanger; D002118:Calcium