title: A hybrid of the transhydrogenases from Rhodospirillum rubrum and Mycobacterium tuberculosis catalyses rapid hydride transfer but not the complete, proton-translocating reaction.
abstract: All transhydrogenases appear to have three components: dI, which binds NAD(H), and dIII, which binds NADP(H), protrude from the membrane, and dII spans the membrane. However, the polypeptide composition of the enzymes varies amongst species. The transhydrogenases of Mycobacterium tuberculosis and of Rhodospirillum rubrum have three polypeptides. Sequence analysis indicates that an ancestral three-polypeptide enzyme evolved into transhydrogenases with either two polypeptides (such as the Escherichia coli enzyme) or one polypeptide (such as the mitochondrial enzyme). The fusion steps in each case probably led to the development of an additional transmembrane helix. A hybrid transhydrogenase was constructed from the dI component of the M. tuberculosis enzyme and the dII and dIII components of the R. rubrum enzyme. The hybrid catalyses cyclic transhydrogenation but not the proton-translocating, reverse reaction. This shows that nucleotide-binding/release at the NAD(H) site, and hydride transfer, are fully functional but that events associated with NADP(H) binding/release are compromised. It is concluded that sequence mismatch in the hybrid prevents a conformational change between dI and dIII which is essential for the step accompanying proton translocation.
authors.affiliation: School of Biosciences, University of Birmingham, Edgbaston, Birmingham, B15 2TT, UK.
authors.forename: Rosalind
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: U Mirian
authors.initials: UM
authors.lastname: Obiozo
authors.forename: Philip G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Quirk
authors.forename: Gurdyal Singh
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Besra
authors.forename: J Baz
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Jackson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020130:Bacterial Chromatophores / Q000378:metabolism; D001692:Biological Transport; D002384:Catalysis; D006358:Hot Temperature; D006801:Humans; D006859:Hydrogen / Q000378:metabolism*; D007425:Intracellular Membranes / Q000378:metabolism; D009169:Mycobacterium tuberculosis / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics; D009243:NAD / Q000378:metabolism; D009250:NADP Transhydrogenases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011485:Protein Binding; D011522:Protons; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012247:Rhodospirillum rubrum / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D011522:Protons; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D009243:NAD; D006859:Hydrogen; D009250:NADP Transhydrogenases