title: Catastrophic antiphospholipid syndrome in a 7-year-old girl.
abstract: Antiphospholipid syndrome (APS) has been recognized as the leading cause of vascular thrombosis in children. The syndrome may occur in isolation or in association with an underlying systemic disease, particularly systemic lupus erythematosus. Less than 1% of patients with APS present with a life-threatening condition resulting from thrombosis in multiple organs and subsequent multiorgan failure, which is defined as catastrophic APS. Early recognition of APS is essential because prompt and appropriate management can result in favorable outcome. We present the case of a 7-year-old girl with APS who presented with cerebral, femoral, and renal involvement in the second week of the disease progress. The patient presented with multiple thrombotic episodes and rapidly progressive renal failure. Renal cortical infarction was diagnosed by magnetic resonance imaging.
authors.affiliation: The Institute of Kidney Disease, Department of Pediatrics, Yonsei University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jee Min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Jae Il
authors.initials: JI
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Youn Ho
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Dong Soo
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Jae Seung
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Myung Joon
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Seung Koo
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Do Yun
authors.initials: DY
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D058186:Acute Kidney Injury / Q000209:etiology*; D016736:Antiphospholipid Syndrome / Q000150:complications*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006493:Heparin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D010690:Phlebography; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D006493:Heparin