title: [Paraganglioma of the head and neck--tumor control, functional results and quality of life].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Surgical therapy for paragangliomas (PG) of the head and neck is, due to the alternatives of radiation therapy and wait-and-scan strategy and because of postoperative morbidity, under ongoing discussion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1981 and 2004, 79 patients with 94 PG of the head and neck were treated at our department. These patients had follow-up examination within a clinical trial considering tumor control, functional results and for the first time neuropsychologically evaluated postoperative quality of life. Mean follow-up time was 65 months (1 to 228 months).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among the 94 PG there were 19 carotid body (GCP), 12 vagal nerve (GVP) and 63 jugular-tympanal paragangliomas (JTP). Of these, 87 tumors underwent surgery. In 68 patients (78.1 %), the tumor could be removed completely. In particular, complete resection of GCP was achieved in 100 %, of GVP in 90.9 %, of JTP type A in 100 %, of JTP type B in 83.3 %, of JTP type C in 66.6 % and of JTP type D in 61.5 %. During the follow-up period, residual or recurrent tumors were diagnosed in 17 patients (19.5 %). Six of the seven residual PG were observed by magnetic resonance tomography and did not show growth. One residual PG and 6 recurrencies were resected completely. One recurrent tumor was radiated and 3 others are under observation without showing growth tendencies. Two patients died postoperatively due to borderline operations of extended tumors. The quality of life after PG surgery showed a SIP of 4.8, which is comparably much better than after acoustic neuroma surgery (SIP 10.3).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Whereas complete tumor resection of GCP and JTP types A and B is almost ever possible without cranial nerve palsies, surgery of GVP and advanced JTP causes often severe functional deficits. However, postoperative quality of life is mostly good. Nevertheless, advanced PG require an individualized therapeutic regime also including radiation and observation of tumor growth.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Hals-Nasen-Ohrenkrankheiten, Kopf-, Hals- und Plastische Gesichtschirurgie, Kommunikationsstörungen, Klinikum Fulda gAG, Akademisches Lehrkrankenhaus der Philipps-Universität Marburg.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kollert
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Minovi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Mangold
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hendus
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Draf
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Bockmühl
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002345:Carotid Body Tumor / Q000601:surgery; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003390:Cranial Nerve Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005925:Glomus Jugulare Tumor / Q000601:surgery; D043604:Glomus Tympanicum Tumor / Q000601:surgery; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000601:surgery; D010235:Paraganglioma / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D011788:Quality of Life; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D020421:Vagus Nerve Diseases / Q000601:surgery