title: A case of polymyositis complicated with interstitial pneumonitis and pneumomediastinum.
abstract: Pneumomediastinum as a complication of interstitial pneumonia with leakage of air into the mediastinum or subcutaneous tissues is a rare complication of dermatomyositis (DM). Herein we report a case of pneumomediastinum complicating polymyositis (PM), which is usually associated with DM. A 61-year-old man was hospitalized in our department because of deterioration of interstitial pneumonia. Treatment with high-dose corticosteroid and cyclosporin A steadily improved his interstitial pneumonia. Two weeks later, he developed subcutaneous emphysema and chest X-ray showed pneumomediastinum. Both subcutaneous emphysema and pneumomediastinum improved gradually without any additional treatment.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, Kurume University, 67 Asahimachi, Kurume 830-0011, Japan. maruoka@med.kurume-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Maruoka
authors.forename: Seiyo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Honda
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeo
authors.forename: Hirohiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kitazato
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hanai
authors.forename: Ryuusuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ayukawa
authors.forename: Katsuichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Hisamichi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Aizawa
mesh_terms: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008478:Mediastinal Emphysema / Q000209:etiology* / Q000628:therapy; D008875:Middle Aged; D017285:Polymyositis / Q000150:complications*; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine; D011239:Prednisolone