title: Lessons learned using Snodgrass hypospadias repair.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This is a review of our experience with the Snodgrass technique for distal hypospadias repair and we point to lessons learned in improving results.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed all patients who underwent Snodgrass hypospadias repair for distal hypospadias over a four-year period by a single surgeon. Chart review followed by parental telephone interview was used to determine voiding function, cosmesis and complication rate.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Thirty children and three adults were identified. Age at surgery ranged from seven months to 39 years. The urinary stream was straight in 94%, and 97% reported a good or satisfactory final cosmetic outcome. One patient (3.3%) developed a urethral fistula and 21% developed meatal stenosis which required general anaesthetic.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Snodgrass urethroplasty provides satisfactory cosmetic and functional results. High rates of meatal stenosis initially encountered have improved with modifications to technique which include modified meatoplasty and routine meatal dilatation by the parents.
authors.affiliation: Dept of Urology, Cork University Hospital. oconnorkevinm@eircom.net
authors.forename: K M
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: O'Connor
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Kiely
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017577:Cutaneous Fistula / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007021:Hypospadias / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D007494:Ireland; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents / Q000523:psychology; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D013536:Suture Techniques; D013997:Time Factors; D014521:Urethra / Q000601:surgery*; D014522:Urethral Diseases / Q000517:prevention & control; D014525:Urethral Stricture / Q000517:prevention & control; D014548:Urinary Fistula / Q000517:prevention & control; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male