title: Psychodramatic psychotherapy combined with pharmacotherapy in major depressive disorder: an open and naturalistic study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Recent literature has highlighted the role of psychotherapy in the treatment of major depressive disorder. Combined therapies comprising both psychotherapy and pharmacotherapy have presented the best results. Although several kinds of psychotherapies have been studied in the treatment of depressive disorders, there remains a lack of data on psychodramatic psychotherapy in the treatment of major depressive disorder. The objective of this study was to evaluate the impact of psychodramatic psychotherapy (in a sample of major depressive disorder patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  This is an open, naturalistic, controlled, non-randomized study. Twenty major depressive disorder patients (according to the DSM-IV criteria), under pharmacological treatment for depression, with Hamilton Depression Scale total scores between 7 and 20 (mild to moderate depression), were divided into two groups. Patients in the psychotherapeutic group took part in 4 individual and 24 structured psychodramatic group sessions, whilst subjects in the control group did not participate in this psychodramatic psychotherapy. Both groups were evaluated with the Social Adjustment Scale-Self Report and the Hamilton Depression Scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Psychotherapeutic group patients showed a significant improvement according to the Social Adjustment Scale-Self Report and the Hamilton Depression Scale scores at endpoint, compared to those of the control group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Results suggest that individual and group psychodramatic psychotherapy, associated to pharmacological treatment, provides good clinical benefits in the treatment of major depressive disorder.
authors.affiliation: Department and Institute of Psychiatry, Medical School, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. sponteam@terra.com.br
authors.forename: Elisabeth Maria Sene
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Costa
authors.forename: Rosilda
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Antonio
authors.forename: Márcia Britto de Macedo
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Soares
authors.forename: Ricardo Alberto
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Moreno
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D011577:Psychodrama / Q000379:methods*; D012917:Social Adjustment; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents