title: Consumption of alcoholic beverages and risk of lung cancer: results from two case-control studies in Montreal, Canada.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the association between consumption of alcoholic beverages and lung cancer risk.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were collected in two population-based case-control studies, conducted in Montreal (Study I--mid-1980s and Study II--mid-1990s). Study I included 699 cases and 507 controls, all males; Study II included 1094 cases and 1468 controls, males and females. In each study group (Study I men, Study II men and Study II women) odds ratios (OR) were estimated for the associations between beer, wine or spirits consumption and lung cancer, while carefully adjusting for smoking and other covariates. The reference category included abstainers and occasional drinkers.
  
  
  RESULTS
  For Study I men, lung cancer risk increased with the average number of beers/week consumed (for 1-6 beers/week: OR=1.2, 95% confidence interval (CI): 0.9-1.7; for >or=7 beers/week: OR=1.5, 95% CI: 1.1-2.1). For Study II men, beer consumption appeared harmful only among subjects with low fruit and vegetable consumption. In Study II, wine consumers had low lung cancer risk, particularly those reporting 1-6 glasses/week (women: OR=0.3, 95% CI: 0.2-0.4; men: OR=0.6, 95% CI: 0.4-0.8).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Beer consumption increased lung cancer risk, particularly so among men who had relatively low fruit and vegetable consumption. Moderate wine drinkers had decreased lung cancer risk.
authors.affiliation: Epidemiology and Biostatistics Unit, INRS-Institut Armand-Frappier, Université du Québec, Montreal, Canada. andrea.benedetti@mail.mcgill.ca
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Benedetti
authors.forename: Marie-Elise
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Parent
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Siemiatycki
mesh_terms: D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000434:Alcoholic Beverages / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001515:Beer; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011792:Quebec; D012307:Risk Factors; D014920:Wine