title: Erm/thyroid transcription factor 1 interactions modulate surfactant protein C transcription.
abstract: Expression of surfactant protein C (SP-C), which is restricted to alveolar type II epithelial cells of the adult lung, is critically dependent on thyroid transcription factor 1 (TTF-1). In the present study we have demonstrated that Erm, a member of the Ets family of transcription factors, is expressed in the distal lung epithelium during development and is also restricted to alveolar type II cells in the adult. Erm was up-regulated by fibroblast growth factors (FGFs) in culture, and blocking FGF signaling inhibited Erm expression both in vivo and in vitro. The SP-C minimal promoter was found to contain two potential Ets binding sites, and electrophoretic mobility shift assays showed that two 20-bp wild-type oligonucleotides containing the 5'-GGA(A/T)-3' Ets consensus binding motif were shifted by nuclear extracts from MLE15 cells. Co-transfection assays showed that Erm by itself had little effect on SP-C promoter activity but that Erm significantly enhanced TTF-1-mediated SP-C transcription. Mutation of one of the Ets binding sites reduced SP-C transcription to background levels, whereas mutation of the other site resulted in increased SP-C transcription. Protein-protein interactions between Erm and TTF-1 were demonstrated by mammalian two-hybrid assays and by co-immunoprecipitation assays. Mapping studies showed that the Ets domain of Erm and the combined N terminus and homeodomain of TTF-1 were critical for this interaction. Treatment of primary cultures of adult alveolar type II cells with siRNA targeting Erm diminished expression of both Erm and SP-C but had no effect on beta-actin or GAPDH (glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase). Taken together, these results demonstrate that Erm is involved in SP-C regulation, which results from an interaction with TTF-1.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary Biology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and the University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229-3039, USA.
authors.forename: Sui
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Anne-Karina T
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Perl
authors.forename: John M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Shannon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008168:Lung / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009687:Nuclear Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D025941:Protein Interaction Mapping; D037721:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein C; D015398:Signal Transduction; D000074482:Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C086680:ETV5 protein, human; C513242:Etv5 protein, mouse; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C000614412:NKX2-1 protein, human; C000614414:Nkx2-1 protein, mouse; D009687:Nuclear Proteins; D010455:Peptides; D037721:Pulmonary Surfactant-Associated Protein C; C489680:Sftpc protein, mouse; D000074482:Thyroid Nuclear Factor 1; D014157:Transcription Factors