title: Fine-needle aspiration of papillary thyroid carcinoma: distinguishing between cases that performed well and those that performed poorly in the College of American Pathologists Nongynecologic Cytology Program.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although the cytologic features of papillary thyroid carcinoma in fine-needle aspiration specimens are well known, the correlation of these features with the ability of cytologists to identify this tumor has not been well studied.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To compare the cytologic features of cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma that performed poorly with those of cases that performed well.
  
  
  METHODS
  The cytologic features of 13 cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma from the College of American Pathologists Nongynecologic Cytology Program that performed poorly were compared with those of 15 cases that performed well.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Compared with cases that performed well, cases that performed poorly were significantly more likely to lack marked nuclear enlargement (38% vs 100%, P < .001), lack pale chromatin (8% vs 47%, P = .04), and lack intranuclear inclusions (8% vs 53%, P = .02). The differences between the 2 groups in staining, type of preparation, nuclear grooves, nuclear crowding, colloid, cellularity, nuclear pleomorphism, and Hurthle cell change were not significant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cases of papillary thyroid carcinoma that lack marked nuclear enlargement, pale chromatin, and intranuclear inclusions are significantly more difficult to recognize than cases that have these features. Increased awareness of these types of cases might improve the performance of thyroid fine-needle aspiration in clinical practice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, Baptist Hospital of Miami, Miami, FL 33176-2197, USA. andrewr@baptisthealth.net
authors.forename: Andrew A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Renshaw
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Haja
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Wilbur
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Henry
authors.forename: Jonathan H
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Hughes
mesh_terms: D000231:Adenocarcinoma, Papillary / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology*; D044963:Biopsy, Fine-Needle; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000473:pathology; D002843:Chromatin / Q000473:pathology; D002983:Clinical Competence; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003951:Diagnostic Errors / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D045586:Intranuclear Inclusion Bodies / Q000473:pathology; D009656:North America; D010340:Pathology, Surgical / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012955:Societies, Medical; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000145:classification / Q000473:pathology*
chemical_list: D002843:Chromatin