title: APPL1 binds to adiponectin receptors and mediates adiponectin signalling and function.
abstract: Adiponectin, also known as Acrp30, is an adipose tissue-derived hormone with anti-atherogenic, anti-diabetic and insulin sensitizing properties. Two seven-transmembrane domain-containing proteins, AdipoR1 and AdipoR2, have recently been identified as adiponectin receptors, yet signalling events downstream of these receptors remain poorly defined. By using the cytoplasmic domain of AdipoR1 as bait, we screened a yeast two-hybrid cDNA library derived from human fetal brain. This screening led to the identification of a phosphotyrosine binding domain and a pleckstrin homology domain-containing adaptor protein, APPL1 (adaptor protein containing pleckstrin homology domain, phosphotyrosine binding (PTB) domain and leucine zipper motif). APPL1 interacts with adiponectin receptors in mammalian cells and the interaction is stimulated by adiponectin. Overexpression of APPL1 increases, and suppression of APPL1 level reduces, adiponectin signalling and adiponectin-mediated downstream events (such as lipid oxidation, glucose uptake and the membrane translocation of glucose transport 4 (GLUT4)). Adiponectin stimulates the interaction between APPL1 and Rab5 (a small GTPase) interaction, leading to increased GLUT4 membrane translocation. APPL1 also acts as a critical regulator of the crosstalk between adiponectin signalling and insulin signalling pathways. These results demonstrate a key function for APPL1 in adiponectin signalling and provide a molecular mechanism for the insulin sensitizing function of adiponectin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of Texas Health Science Center, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA.
authors.forename: Xuming
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Mao
authors.forename: Chintan K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Kikani
authors.forename: Ramon A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Riojas
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Langlais
authors.forename: Lixin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Fresnida J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Ramos
authors.forename: Qichen
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Christine Y
authors.initials: CY
authors.lastname: Christ-Roberts
authors.forename: Jenny Y
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Ryang-Yeo
authors.initials: RY
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Feng
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Lily Q
authors.initials: LQ
authors.lastname: Dong
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000378:metabolism*; D052242:Adiponectin / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D016466:CHO Cells; D002352:Carrier Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D032446:Myoblasts / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D011485:Protein Binding; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction; D020696:rab5 GTP-Binding Proteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C475418:ADIPOR1 protein, human; C464801:APPL1 protein, human; D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D052242:Adiponectin; C510733:Appl1 protein, mouse; D002352:Carrier Proteins; D007328:Insulin; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; C475419:adiponectin receptor 1, mouse; D020696:rab5 GTP-Binding Proteins; D005947:Glucose