title: Prognostic model for disease-specific and overall mortality in newly diagnosed symptomatic patients with Waldenstrom macroglobulinaemia.
abstract: We sought to define prognostic factors for survival in Waldenstrom macroglobulinaemia (WM). Of 585 patients diagnosed with WM and seen at Mayo Clinic between 1960 and 2001, 337 symptomatic patients met the inclusion criteria and were analysed for overall and disease-specific survival. The median survival from the time of diagnosis was 6.4 years. The median disease-specific survival was 11.2 years. Univariate analysis for overall survival identified the following adverse prognostic factors: age >65 years (P < 0.001), organomegaly (P < 0.001), elevated beta2-microglobulin (<0.001), anaemia (Hb < 10.0 g/dl) (P = 0.01), leucopenia (<4.0 x 10(9)/l) (P = 0.03), thrombocytopenia (<150 x 10(9)/l) (P = 0.01), serum albumin <40 g/l (P = 0.001), and quantitative IgM < 0.4 g/l (P = 0.04). On multivariate analysis, age >65 years and organomegaly were associated with poor prognosis. A prognostic model was built based on these two variables. Patients at high risk (1-2 risk factors, median survival 4.2 years) experienced worse survival than patients at low risk (0 risk factors, median survival 10.6 years), P < 0.001. The prognostic model was validated in 204 patients who were not included in the analysis cohort. Beta2-microglobulin > or =4 mg/l was associated with a threefold increase in the risk of death when added to the prognostic model. We describe a simple prognostic model for overall survival for newly diagnosed patients with WM.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology, Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, 200 First Street SW, Rochester, MN 55905, USA.
authors.forename: Irene M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Ghobrial
authors.forename: Rafael
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fonseca
authors.forename: Morie A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Gertz
authors.forename: Matthew F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Plevak
authors.forename: Dirk R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Larson
authors.forename: Terry M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Therneau
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Wolf
authors.forename: Randi J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: John A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Lust
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Witzig
authors.forename: Martha Q
authors.initials: MQ
authors.lastname: Lacy
authors.forename: Angela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dispenzieri
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vincent Rajkumar
authors.forename: Stephen R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Zeldenrust
authors.forename: Philip R
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Greipp
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Kyle
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008910:Minnesota / Q000453:epidemiology; D011379:Prognosis; D008258:Waldenstrom Macroglobulinemia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000401:mortality; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D001613:beta 2-Microglobulin