title: Phylogenetic relationships within parrots (Psittacidae) inferred from mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene sequences.
abstract: Blood and tissue samples of 40 individuals including 27 parrot species (15 genera; 3 subfamilies) were collected in Indonesia. Their phylogenetic relationships were inferred from 907 bp of the mitochondrial cytochrome-b gene, using the maximum-parsimony method, the maximum-likelihood method and the neighbor-joining method with Kimura two-parameter distance. The phylogenetic analysis revealed that (1) cockatoos (subfamily Cacatuinae) form a monophyletic sister group to other parrot groups; (2) within the genus Cacatua, C. goffini and C. sanguinea form a sister group to a clade containing other congeners; (3) subfamily Psittacinae emerged as paraphyletic, consisting of three clades, with a clade of Psittaculirostris grouping with subfamily Loriinae rather than with other Psittacinae; (4) lories and lorikeets (subfamily Loriinae) emerged as monophyletic, with Charmosyna placentis a basal sister group to other Loriinae, which comprised the subclades Lorius; Trichoglossus+Eos; and Chalcopsitta+ Pseudeos.
authors.affiliation: Zoological Division, Research Center for Biology, Bogor, Indonesia. wiek003@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Dwi
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Astuti
authors.forename: Noriko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Azuma
authors.forename: Hitoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Seigo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Higashi
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D045303:Cytochromes b / Q000235:genetics*; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D005843:Geography; D007214:Indonesia; D016013:Likelihood Functions; D008297:Male; D010311:Parrots / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny
chemical_list: D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial; D045303:Cytochromes b