title: Failure to eradicate HIV despite fully successful HAART initiated in the first days of life.
abstract: Highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART) started shortly after birth resulted in reversion of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) plasma viremia, proviral DNA in PBMC, viral culture, and serum HIV antibodies to negative. Discontinuation of HAART 2 years after apparent HIV eradication, however, was followed by virus replication, CD4 decline, and destruction of HIV-specific lymphocytes, epitomizing the impossibility of HIV eradication.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, University of Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Viganò
authors.forename: Daria
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Trabattoni
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ottaviani
authors.forename: Antonia
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aliffi
authors.forename: Erika
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Longhi
authors.forename: Stefano
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rusconi
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Clerici
mesh_terms: D023241:Antiretroviral Therapy, Highly Active; D018791:CD4 Lymphocyte Count; D005260:Female; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000097:blood; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D018445:Infectious Disease Transmission, Vertical; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007376:Interleukin-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000378:metabolism; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D014766:Viremia / Q000821:virology; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D015483:HIV Antibodies; D007376:Interleukin-2; D007371:Interferon-gamma