title: Comparative analysis of the effects of locally used herbicides and their active ingredients on a wild-type wine Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain.
abstract: Herbicides are released to the environment with potential ecotoxicological risks for mammals. Yeast is a good model to elucidate toxicity mechanisms. We investigated how three commercial herbicides (Proper Energy, Pointer, and Silglif) and their active ingredients (respectively, fenoxaprop-P-ethyl, tribenuron methyl, and glyphosate) can affect biological activities of an oenological Saccharomyces cerevisiae strain, which may be resident on grape vineyards of the same geographical areas where herbicides are used. The use of commercial grade herbicides employed in Italy allowed us to reproduce the same conditions applied in crops; at the same time, assaying pure single active compounds made it possible to compare the effects obtained with commercial formulations. Interestingly, we found that while pure active compounds affect cell growth and metabolism at a lower extent, commercial preparations have a significant major negative influence on yeast biology.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Biologia Molecolare, Università degli Studi di Siena, via Fiorentina 1, 53100, Siena, Italy.
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Braconi
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sotgiu
authors.forename: Lia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Millucci
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paffetti
authors.forename: Flavia
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tasso
authors.forename: Chiara
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Alisi
authors.forename: Silvia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Martini
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rappuoli
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lusini
authors.forename: Anna Rosa
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Sprocati
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Annalisa
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Santucci
mesh_terms: D005285:Fermentation; D006540:Herbicides / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D014920:Wine / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D006540:Herbicides