title: Activation of AP-1 and increased synthesis of MMP-9 in the rabbit retina induced by lipid hydroperoxide.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We identified the temporal expression of activator protein-1 (AP-1) and matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) after linoleic acid hydroperoxide (LHP) induction of retinal neovascularization.
  
  
  METHODS
  After injection of LHP into the vitreous of rabbits, samples were collected for AP-1 binding activity and mRNA for MMP-9 and MMPs activity. AP-1 binding activity was measured by electrophoretic mobility shift assay. MMP-9 activity was measured by zymography and mRNA by quantitative RT-PCR.
  
  
  RESULTS
  AP-1 binding activity was increased at 1-3 hr. MMP-9 mRNA levels were increased at 3 hr in the neural retina and by 12 hr in the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) layer. MMP-9 proteolytic activity was elevated within the neural retina and within the vitreous and in the RPE-interphotoreceptor matrix (IPM) at 12 hr and peaked at 24 hr or 4 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  LHP increases the transcription factor AP-1 which in turn may regulate retinal MMP-9 synthesis during neovascularization.
authors.affiliation: Departement of Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Florida, USA. shinichi@med.showa-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shinichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwai
authors.forename: Ahmad
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aljada
authors.forename: Akira
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Higa
authors.forename: Takako
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakanishi-Ueda
authors.forename: Shohei
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Maki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamegawa
authors.forename: Shigehiro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Iwabuchi
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ueda
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Caballero
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Browne
authors.forename: Aqeela
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Afzal
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Grant
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yasuhara
authors.forename: Ryohei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Koide
authors.forename: Katsuji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Oguchi
authors.forename: Paresh
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Dandona
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Armstrong
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D024202:Electrophoretic Mobility Shift Assay; D007267:Injections; D008041:Linoleic Acids / Q000633:toxicity*; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000633:toxicity*; D008297:Male; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D012160:Retina / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D015861:Retinal Neovascularization / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D014822:Vitreous Body
chemical_list: D008041:Linoleic Acids; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D018808:Transcription Factor AP-1; C038649:13-hydroperoxy-9,11-octadecadienoic acid; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9