title: Involvement of JAK2 and Src kinase tyrosine phosphorylation in human growth hormone-stimulated increases in cytosolic free Ca2+ and insulin secretion.
abstract: We previously reported that human growth hormone (hGH) increases cytoplasmic Ca(2+) concentration ([Ca(2+)](i)) and proliferation in pancreatic beta-cells (Sjöholm A, Zhang Q, Welsh N, Hansson A, Larsson O, Tally M, and Berggren PO. J Biol Chem 275: 21033-21040, 2000) and that the hGH-induced rise in [Ca(2+)](i) involves Ca(2+)-induced Ca(2+) release facilitated by tyrosine phosphorylation of ryanodine receptors (Zhang Q, Kohler M, Yang SN, Zhang F, Larsson O, and Berggren PO. Mol Endocrinol 18: 1658-1669, 2004). Here we investigated the tyrosine kinases that convey the hGH-induced rise in [Ca(2+)](i) and insulin release in BRIN-BD11 beta-cells. hGH caused tyrosine phosphorylation of Janus kinase (JAK)2 and c-Src, events inhibited by the JAK2 inhibitor AG490 or the Src kinase inhibitor PP2. Although hGH-stimulated rises in [Ca(2+)](i) and insulin secretion were completely abolished by AG490 and JAK2 inhibitor II, the inhibitors had no effect on insulin secretion stimulated by a high K(+) concentration. Similarly, Src kinase inhibitor-1 and PP2, but not its inactive analog PP3, suppressed [Ca(2+)](i) elevation and completely abolished insulin secretion stimulated by hGH but did not affect responses to K(+). Ovine prolactin increased [Ca(2+)](i) and insulin secretion to a similar extent as hGH, effects prevented by the JAK2 and Src kinase inhibitors. In contrast, bovine GH evoked a rise in [Ca(2+)](i) but did not stimulate insulin secretion. Neither JAK2 nor Src kinase inhibitors influenced the effect of bovine GH on [Ca(2+)](i). Our study indicates that hGH stimulates rise in [Ca(2+)](i) and insulin secretion mainly through activation of the prolactin receptor and JAK2 and Src kinases in rat insulin-secreting cells.
authors.affiliation: Research Center, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm South Hospital, SE-11883 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: Fan
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Qimin
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Anders
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tengholm
authors.forename: Ake
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sjöholm
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism*; D002417:Cattle; D002460:Cell Line; D003600:Cytosol / Q000378:metabolism; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007328:Insulin / Q000378:metabolism*; D000078790:Insulin Secretion; D050417:Insulin-Secreting Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D053614:Janus Kinase 2; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011188:Potassium / Q000378:metabolism; D011388:Prolactin / Q000378:metabolism; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D011743:Pyrimidines; D051381:Rats; D011981:Receptors, Prolactin / Q000378:metabolism; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012756:Sheep; D015398:Signal Transduction; D020032:Tyrphostins / Q000494:pharmacology; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: C412373:AG 1879; D007328:Insulin; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D011743:Pyrimidines; D011981:Receptors, Prolactin; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D020032:Tyrphostins; C095512:alpha-cyano-(3,4-dihydroxy)-N-benzylcinnamide; D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D011388:Prolactin; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C507924:JAK2 protein, human; C507927:Jak2 protein, rat; D053614:Janus Kinase 2; D019061:src-Family Kinases; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium