High prevalence of morphological subtype FAB M1 in adults with de novo acute myeloid leukemia in São José dos Campos, São Paulo.
OBJECTIVE
Geographical variations have been described in acute myelogenous leukemia (AML). In Brazil, few studies have been published on this. The aim of this study was to demonstrate the high prevalence of French-American-British (FAB) M1 subtype in adults with de novo AML in São José dos Campos, State of São Paulo, Brazil.


METHODS
Retrospective analysis, at Hospital Pio XII in São José dos Campos, a public non-teaching institution.


METHODS
Records from 39 consecutive adult patients with de novo AML referred to Hospital Pio XII between January 2002 and September 2004 were reviewed. Peripheral blood and blood marrow smears were reviewed blindly by five hematologists and classified according to FAB criteria. The rates of remission, relapse, mortality according treatment phase, survival and leukemia-free survival were calculated.


RESULTS
The prevalence of each category as determined via a consensus among five observers was M0: 0%; M1: 43.6%; M2: 30.7%; M3: 12.8%; M4: 5.1%; M5: 2.6%: M6: 2.6%; and M7: 2.6%. The remission and the relapse rates were 82% and 41% respectively. The mortality rate was 69% (induction of remission: 7/39, 17.9%; post induction: 10/32, 31.2%; and relapse: 10/16, 62.5%). The survival rate was 30% and leukemia-free survival was 33%.


CONCLUSIONS
The study demonstrated a high prevalence of FAB M1 subtype in adults with de novo AML in São José dos Campos. Our data suggest the occurrence of different regional prevalences of FAB AML categories in Brazil.
Callera
Fernando
F
Hospital Pio XII, São José dos Campos, São Paulo, Brazil. fcallera@shhsjc.com.br
Mulin
Carla Cecília
CC
Rosa
Evandro Secchi
ES
Melo
Djanete Barbosa de
DB
Melo
Cláudio Marcelo Tavares Pessoa de
CM
D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D018740:Genetic Heterogeneity; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000235:genetics / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017678:Sex Distribution; D015996:Survival Rate