[Efficacy of current adjuvant and neoadjuvant therapeutic concepts in gastric cancer?].
The incidence of gastric cancer in Europe is declining but the prognosis after curatively intended surgery remains dismal. In recent years several studies and meta-analysis concerning the impact of adjuvant postoperative chemotherapy and chemoradiation as well as preoperative chemotherapy were published. This review aims to interpret results and to support decision making in individual patients. Results of trials on adjuvant chemotherapy were inconsistent and the studies were underpowered to detect meaningful but modest advantages. Meta-analyses including more than 3 000 patients revealed a significant survival benefit but no specific chemotherapy protocol can be regarded an optimal regimen. Postoperative adjuvant schedules including cisplatin led to high drop out rates due to toxicity. Applying cisplatin and infusional fluorouracil initially after diagnosis as a so called neoadjuvant therapy is better tolerated. Two trials testing this approach showed a significant survival benefit with preoperative cisplatin and infusional fluorouracil as compared to surgery alone. Postoperative chemoradiation was shown to be effective concerning local regional relapses and survival benefit in a large trial in the US but the majority of patients were treated with less radical lymph node dissection than it is routine in Germany. Enrollment of patients in prospective trials evaluating the impact of adjuvant and neoadjuvant strategies is warranted.
Kretzschmar
A
A
Medizinische Klinik mit Schwerpunkt Hämatologie, Onkologie und Tumorimmunologie.
Schlag
P M
PM
D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017024:Chemotherapy, Adjuvant; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D006801:Humans; D015201:Meta-Analysis as Topic; D020360:Neoadjuvant Therapy; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011379:Prognosis; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D015996:Survival Rate; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D002945:Cisplatin; D005472:Fluorouracil