title: 1alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 suppresses interleukin-8-mediated prostate cancer cell angiogenesis.
abstract: Angiogenesis is an essential step in initial tumor development and metastasis. Consequently, compounds that inhibit angiogenesis would be useful in treating cancer. A variety of antitumor effects mediated by 1alpha, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25-VD) have been reported, one of which is anti-angiogenesis; however, detailed mechanisms remain unclear. We have demonstrated that 1,25-VD inhibits prostate cancer (PCa) cell-induced human umbilical vein endothelial cell migration and tube formation, two critical steps involved in the angiogenesis. An angiogenesis factor, interleukin-8 (IL-8), secreted from PCa cell was suppressed by 1,25-VD at both mRNA and protein levels. Mechanistic dissection found that 1,25-VD inhibits NF-kappaB signal, one of the most important IL-8 upstream regulators. The 1,25-VD-mediated NF-kappaB signal reduction was shown to result from the blocking of nuclear translocation of p65, a subunit of the NF-kappaB complex, and was followed by attenuation of the NF-kappaB complex binding to DNA. The role of IL-8 in PCa progression was further examined by PCa tissue microarray analyses. We found that IL-8 expression was elevated during PCa progression, which suggests that IL-8 may play a role in tumor progression mediated through its stimulation on angiogenesis. These findings indicate that 1,25-VD could prevent PCa progression by interrupting IL-8 signaling, which is required in tumor angiogenesis, and thus applying vitamin D in PCa treatment may be beneficial for controlling disease progression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY 14642, USA.
authors.forename: Bo-Ying
authors.initials: BY
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: Jorge
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Yi-Fen
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D002117:Calcitriol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002120:Calcium Channel Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000378:metabolism; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D006801:Humans; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000502:physiology*; D008297:Male; D016328:NF-kappa B / Q000378:metabolism; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D002120:Calcium Channel Agonists; D016209:Interleukin-8; D016328:NF-kappa B; D002117:Calcitriol