title: Identification of four evolutionarily related G protein-coupled receptors from the malaria mosquito Anopheles gambiae.
abstract: The mosquito Anopheles gambiae is an important vector for malaria, which is one of the most serious human parasitic diseases in the world, causing up to 2.7 million deaths yearly. To contribute to our understanding of A. gambiae and to the transmission of malaria, we have now cloned four evolutionarily related G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) from this mosquito and expressed them in Chinese hamster ovary cells. After screening of a library of thirty-three insect or other invertebrate neuropeptides and eight biogenic amines, we could identify (de-orphanize) three of these GPCRs as: an adipokinetic hormone (AKH) receptor (EC(50) for A. gambiae AKH, 3x10(-9)M), a corazonin receptor (EC(50) for A. gambiae corazonin, 4x10(-9)M), and a crustacean cardioactive peptide (CCAP) receptor (EC(50) for A. gambiae CCAP, 1x10(-9)M). The fourth GPCR remained an orphan, although its close evolutionary relationship to the A. gambiae and other insect AKH receptors suggested that it is a receptor for an AKH-like peptide. This is the first published report on evolutionarily related AKH, corazonin, and CCAP receptors in mosquitoes.
authors.affiliation: Center for Functional and Comparative Insect Genomics, Department of Cell Biology and Comparative Zoology, Institute of Biology, University of Copenhagen, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
authors.forename: Martin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Belmont
authors.forename: Giuseppe
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cazzamali
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Williamson
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hauser
authors.forename: Cornelis J P
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Grimmelikhuijzen
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000852:Anopheles / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D016466:CHO Cells; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D006224:Cricetinae; D003412:Cricetulus; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D023061:Gene Order; D007301:Insect Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology; D019476:Insect Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D007303:Insect Vectors / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D008288:Malaria / Q000635:transmission; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D010802:Phylogeny; D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D018013:Receptors, Neuropeptide / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D007301:Insect Hormones; D019476:Insect Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides; D009842:Oligopeptides; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D018013:Receptors, Neuropeptide; C044833:adipokinetic hormone; C468120:corazonin receptor; C058620:crustacean cardioactive peptide; C060602:corazonin protein, insect; D011761:Pyrrolidonecarboxylic Acid