title: [Mechanisms of inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis of human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901 by ursolic acid].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Some studies have showed that ursolic acid (UA) can inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of many tumor cell lines, however its effect on gastric cancer cells has rarely been reported. Cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) is highly expressed in various precursor lesions and cancerous tissues. This study was to investigate the effect of UA on COX-2, Bcl-2 and Bax expression in human gastric cancer cell line SGC7901, and explore its potential mechanisms of inhibiting proliferation and inducing apoptosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  MTT assay was used to observe the effect of UA (0, 10, 20, 30, 40 micromol/L) on proliferation of SGC7901 cells. Cell apoptosis was observed by fluorescence microscopy when treated with UA for 24 h. Cell cycle and apoptosis were analyzed by flow cytometry (FCM). The expression of COX-2, Bcl-2 and Bax was detected by Western blot. The level of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) was measured by radioimmunoassay (RIA).
  
  
  RESULTS
  UA (20-40 micromol/L) significantly inhibited the proliferation of SGC7901 cells in dose-and time-dependent manners, the IC50 value of UA at 12 h, 24 h, 36 h, 48 h were (57.50+/-1.18) micromol/L, (34.28+/-2.05) micromol/L, (27.54+/-1.11) micromol/L, and (24.83+/-1.02) micromol/L, respectively. When treated with 20-40 micromol/L UA for 24 h, SGC7901 cells were arrested at G0/G1 phase, and the apoptosis rates were (9.10+/-2.39)%, (26.30+/-1.25)%, and (35.20+/-2.26)%, respectively; meanwhile, COX-2 expression and its catalysate PGE2 were decreased, Bcl-2 expression was also decreased, whereas Bax expression was unchanged.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  UA could inhibit proliferation and induce apoptosis of SGC7901 cells through arresting cell cycle, inhibiting COX-2 expression to reduce PGE2 production and down-regulate Bcl-2 expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, People's Hospital, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430060, P. R. China.
authors.forename: Yi-Ying
authors.initials: YY
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Deng
authors.forename: Zhi-Fang
authors.initials: ZF
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Qiu-Ping
authors.initials: QP
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002453:Cell Cycle / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D013274:Stomach Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D014315:Triterpenes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D000097245:Ursolic Acid
chemical_list: D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D015232:Dinoprostone; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D014315:Triterpenes; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D000097245:Ursolic Acid