Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis: modern management guidelines.
Adolescent idiopathic scoliosis (AIS), a structural lateral curvature of the spine of uncertain etiology, is the most common cause of spinal deformity in adolescents. In its most severe form, AIS is characterized by progressive spinal curvature that may lead to a permanent deformity. Thus, the goal of treatment is early detection and prevention of progression. This article provides a review of general spinal anatomy relevant to AIS and its etiology, describes several proposed methods of classifying curves in AIS, delineates the natural history of AIS, and discusses the nonoperative and operative treatment options.
Shindle
Michael K
MK
Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA. ehenze1@jhmi.edu
Khanna
A Jay
AJ
Bhatnagar
Rishi
R
Sponseller
Paul D
PD
D000293:Adolescent; D001915:Braces; D018450:Disease Progression; D006801:Humans; D012600:Scoliosis / Q000145:classification / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy; D013123:Spinal Fusion