title: Choosing policy instruments for controlling ozone depleting substances in a developing context: the case of Chile.
abstract: Chile ratified the Montreal Protocol in 1990 which sets out an agenda for the reduction and then elimination of ozone depleting substances (ODS); however, by 1998 the country had not yet defined a strategy to encourage greater compliance, so that in the same year the National Environmental Commission decided to examine the policy options available. This paper examines the process followed to develop this strategy. As a first step it was necessary to look at how far the implicit policy of "business as usual" could be stretched without jeopardizing Chile's compliance obligations. A second step included quantifying compliance costs and their impact on different policy instruments and so policy choice. Finally, the attitudes of decision-makers or participants were identified, by interviews with officials of the different public agents involved, in order to weigh their views about policy. A strategy was proposed, based on this information, which the Chilean regulator has used, although not in its entirety. The methodology developed could well be useful for developing-country Protocol signatories building their own appropriate compliance strategy.
authors.affiliation: Center for Applied Economics and Environmental Economics and Management Program, Department of Industrial Engineering, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile. roryan@dii.uchile.cl
authors.forename: Raúl
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: O'Ryan
authors.forename: Andrés
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ulloa
authors.forename: Gonzalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Asencio
mesh_terms: D001272:Atmosphere / Q000737:chemistry*; D002677:Chile; D017402:Chlorofluorocarbons / Q000737:chemistry; D017753:Ecosystem; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010126:Ozone / Q000032:analysis*; D011050:Policy Making; D011640:Public Policy; D013997:Time Factors; D018505:Waste Management / Q000191:economics / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*
chemical_list: D017402:Chlorofluorocarbons; D010126:Ozone