title: [Haplotypes of four single nucleotide polymorphisms in caspase-8, -10 genes in Han nationality of Zhejiang province in China].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) and the distribution of their haplotypes in caspase-8, -10 genes in Zhejiang Han nationality in China.
  
  
  METHODS
  PCR, denaturing high-performance liquid chromatography (DHPLC) and DNA sequencing were used to detect the SNPs in the 2nd-5th exons of caspase-10 gene, the 8th-10th exons of caspase-8 and their flanking sequences. Expectation Maximization (EM) algorithm was used for haplotype frequencies analysis and pairwise linkage disequilibrium (LD) test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  (1) Two SNPs, A2823G and A12799G, were identified in caspase-10 gene, located in exon 2 and exon 5 respectively. A12799G was newly found with low informativeness. Three SNPs were identified in caspase-8 gene; A43466G, G51484A and G52951A were located in exon 8, exon 9 and intron 9, respectively. They do not change the primary structure of the encoded protein. (2) Linkage equilibrium was observed between A2823G in caspase-10 gene and the three sites in caspase-8 gene. A43466G and G52951A, and G51484A and G52951A in caspase-8 gene were also in linkage equilibrium. Their coefficients of disequilibrium were near 0. Whereas strong linkage disequilibrium was observed between A43466G and G51484A, because its coefficient of disequilibrium was near 1. (3) A total of 11 haplotypes were estimated within A2823G in caspase-10 gene and three sites in caspase-8 gene. A-2823/A-43466/G-51484/G-52951 was the main haplotype with a frequency of 0.3811. A-2823/A-43466/G-51484/A-52951 was the second haplotype with a frequency of 0.2536. The polymorphism information content of their haplotypes was 0.7106.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SNPs of caspase-8, -10 genes in Han Chinese of Zhejiang could be parsed into at least three different haplotype blocks. The polymorphism information content can be improved by using haplotype analysis of several SNPs.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Pathology and Forensic Medicine & Research Center of Environment Genomics, School of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 310006 P.R.China.
authors.forename: Yue-fang
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Ren
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Yun
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Shui-you
authors.initials: SY
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zhang
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D001483:Base Sequence; D053455:Caspase 10 / Q000235:genetics*; D053181:Caspase 8 / Q000235:genetics*; D002681:China / Q000208:ethnology; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide
chemical_list: D004247:DNA; D053455:Caspase 10; D053181:Caspase 8