title: Osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells in self-assembled peptide-amphiphile nanofibers.
abstract: The proliferation and differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) was investigated in a three dimensional (3-D) network of nanofibers formed by self-assembly of peptide-amphiphile (PA) molecules. PA was synthesized by standard solid phase chemistry that ends with the alkylation of the NH(2) terminus of the peptide. The sequence of arginine-glycine-aspartic acid (RGD) was included in peptide design as well. A 3-D network of nanofibers was formed by mixing cell suspensions in media with dilute aqueous solution of PA. Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation revealed the formation of fibrous assemblies with an extremely high aspect ratio and high surface areas. When rat MSC were seeded into the PA nanofibers with or without RGD, larger number of cells attached was observed in the PA nanofibers including RGD. When measured to evaluate the osteogenic differentiation of MSC, the alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and osteocalcin content became maximum for the PA nanofibers including RGD compared with those without RGD, although both the values were significantly higher compared with those in the static tissue culture plate (2-D culture). We concluded that the attachment, proliferation, and osteogenic differentiation of MSC were influenced by PA nanofibers as the cell scaffold.
authors.affiliation: International Center for Young Scientists (ICYS), National Institute for Materials Science (NIMS), Nano and Biomaterials Research Building, Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-0044, Japan. hossein.hosseinkhani@nims.go.jp
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hosseinkhani
authors.forename: Mohsen
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hosseinkhani
authors.forename: Furong
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Hisatoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kobayashi
authors.forename: Yasuhiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tabata
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005269:Femur / Q000166:cytology; D008297:Male; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D036103:Nanotechnology; D009842:Oligopeptides / Q000737:chemistry; D010012:Osteogenesis; D010455:Peptides / Q000737:chemistry*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D009842:Oligopeptides; D010455:Peptides; C047981:arginyl-glycyl-aspartic acid