title: Improved hepatic transduction, reduced systemic vector dissemination, and long-term transgene expression by delivering helper-dependent adenoviral vectors into the surgically isolated liver of nonhuman primates.
abstract: Helper-dependent adenoviral vectors (HDAds) are attractive vectors for liver-directed gene therapy because they can mediate sustained, high-level transgene expression without chronic toxicity. However, high vector doses are required to achieve efficient hepatic transduction by systemic delivery because of a nonlinear dose response. Unfortunately, such high doses result in systemic vector dissemination and dose-dependent acute toxicity with potentially severe and lethal consequences. We hypothesize that the threshold to efficient hepatic transduction may be circumvented by delivering the vector into the surgically isolated liver via the portal vein. Total hepatic isolation was achieved by occluding hepatic inflow from the portal vein and hepatic artery and by occluding hepatic venous outflow at the inferior vena cava. We demonstrate in nonhuman primates that this approach resulted in significantly higher efficiency hepatic transduction with reduced systemic vector dissemination compared with systemic intravascular delivery. This method of delivery was associated with transient acute toxicity, the severity of which was variable. Importantly, stable, high levels of transgene expression were obtained for at least 665 days for one baboon and for at least 560 days for two baboons with no evidence of long-term toxicity.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX 77030, USA.
authors.forename: Nicola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Brunetti-Pierri
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ng
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Iannitti
authors.forename: Donna J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: Arthur L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Beaudet
authors.forename: Milton J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Finegold
authors.forename: K Dee
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Carey
authors.forename: William G
authors.initials: WG
authors.lastname: Cioffi
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ng
mesh_terms: D000260:Adenoviruses, Human; D000818:Animals; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D005822:Genetic Vectors; D006378:Helper Viruses; D006499:Hepatic Artery; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008099:Liver / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000628:therapy; D010215:Papio; D011169:Portal Vein; D014161:Transduction, Genetic; D014684:Venae Cavae; D001616:beta-Galactosidase
chemical_list: D001616:beta-Galactosidase