Antibody-based inhibitors of HIV infection.
The demand for new treatment options against HIV is becoming increasingly desperate as the side effects and the expansion and spread of drug-resistant virus within the infected population limit the clinical benefits provided by available anti-HIV drugs. Preparations of polyclonal antibodies have a long history of proven clinical utility against some viruses; however, they have enjoyed very limited success against HIV. Recent clinical trials and in vitro experiments suggest that monoclonal antibodies against HIV may have promise clinically. These antibodies and antibody-based reagents target either the viral envelope glycoprotein, the receptor (CD4) or coreceptor (CCR5) molecules, or transition-state structures that appear during viral entry. The challenge is whether an antibody-based therapy can be identified (with or without their small molecule brethren) that presents long-term clinical efficacy, low toxicity and minimal risk of clinical failure from viral resistance.
Choudhry
Vidita
V
NCI-Frederick, Protein Interactions Group, CCRNP, CCR, NIH, P.O. Box B, Frederick, MD 21702-1201, USA. vchoudhry@ncifcrf.gov
Zhang
Mei-Yun
MY
Dimitrova
Dimana
D
Prabakaran
Ponraj
P
Dimitrov
Antony S
AS
Fouts
Timothy R
TR
Dimitrov
Dimiter S
DS
D000818:Animals; D015704:CD4 Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D002986:Clinical Trials as Topic; D015483:HIV Antibodies / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120 / Q000276:immunology; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41 / Q000276:immunology; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000628:therapy*; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000639:trends*; D019713:Receptors, CCR5 / Q000276:immunology
D015704:CD4 Antigens; D015483:HIV Antibodies; D015699:HIV Envelope Protein gp120; D015700:HIV Envelope Protein gp41; D019713:Receptors, CCR5