title: Suppression of basal autophagy in neural cells causes neurodegenerative disease in mice.
abstract: Autophagy is an intracellular bulk degradation process through which a portion of the cytoplasm is delivered to lysosomes to be degraded. Although the primary role of autophagy in many organisms is in adaptation to starvation, autophagy is also thought to be important for normal turnover of cytoplasmic contents, particularly in quiescent cells such as neurons. Autophagy may have a protective role against the development of a number of neurodegenerative diseases. Here we report that loss of autophagy causes neurodegeneration even in the absence of any disease-associated mutant proteins. Mice deficient for Atg5 (autophagy-related 5) specifically in neural cells develop progressive deficits in motor function that are accompanied by the accumulation of cytoplasmic inclusion bodies in neurons. In Atg5-/- cells, diffuse, abnormal intracellular proteins accumulate, and then form aggregates and inclusions. These results suggest that the continuous clearance of diffuse cytosolic proteins through basal autophagy is important for preventing the accumulation of abnormal proteins, which can disrupt neural function and ultimately lead to neurodegeneration.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioregulation and Metabolism, Tokyo Metropolitan Institute of Medical Science, Tokyo 113-8613, Japan.
authors.forename: Taichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsui
authors.forename: Akitsugu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yamamoto
authors.forename: Yohko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakahara
authors.forename: Rika
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Suzuki-Migishima
authors.forename: Minesuke
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mishima
authors.forename: Ichiro
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Hideyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Okano
authors.forename: Noboru
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mizushima
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001343:Autophagy / Q000502:physiology*; D000071187:Autophagy-Related Protein 5; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016923:Cell Death; D002479:Inclusion Bodies / Q000378:metabolism; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D064231:Nestin; D019636:Neurodegenerative Diseases / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology*; D011689:Purkinje Cells / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C495773:Atg5 protein, mouse; D000071187:Autophagy-Related Protein 5; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; C577485:Nes protein, mouse; D064231:Nestin; D025801:Ubiquitin