title: Endogenous androgen levels and well-being: differences between premenopausal and postmenopausal women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated whether there is a relationship between androgens levels and well-being in pre- and postmenopausal women.
  
  
  METHODS
  We randomly recruited 1423 women aged 18 to 75 years from the community via the electoral roll. Each provided a morning blood sample and completed the Psychological General Well Being Index questionnaire on the same day. Women were excluded if they took medication for any psychiatric illness, had abnormal thyroid function, or had documented polycystic ovarian syndrome. Analysis was by linear regression for well-being, including demographic and lifestyle variables as well as serum levels of androgens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We included 1224 women in the analysis. Being partnered was positively associated with well-being in premenopausal women. In postmenopausal women, well-being was positively related to age and exercising, whereas smoking, obesity, and postmenopausal hormone therapy use were each negatively associated with well-being. None of the measured androgens (total and free testosterone, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, and androstenedione) made an independent contribution to well-being in postmenopausal women (n = 603). However, for premenopausal women (n = 621), levels of dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate were independently and positively associated with the domain score for vitality.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our findings do not support an important independent role for androgens as determinants of well-being in postmenopausal women. That dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate alone is associated with greater vitality in premenopausal women is of interest but requires further evaluation as an a priori hypothesis in another study.
authors.affiliation: The Jean Hailes Foundation, Monash University, Clayton Victoria, Australia. womens.health@med.monash.edu.au
authors.forename: Robin J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Bell
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Donath
authors.forename: Sonia L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Davison
authors.forename: Susan R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Davis
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000339:Affect / Q000502:physiology*; D000368:Aged; D000375:Aging / Q000502:physiology; D000728:Androgens / Q000097:blood*; D000735:Androstenedione / Q000097:blood; D001007:Anxiety / Q000453:epidemiology; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate / Q000097:blood; D003863:Depression / Q000453:epidemiology; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy; D015444:Exercise / Q000502:physiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017533:Marital Status; D008875:Middle Aged; D017698:Postmenopause / Q000097:blood / Q000523:psychology*; D017697:Premenopause / Q000097:blood / Q000523:psychology*; D012044:Regression Analysis; D013739:Testosterone / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D013739:Testosterone; D000735:Androstenedione; D019314:Dehydroepiandrosterone Sulfate