title: Levels of trace elements in green turtle eggs collected from Hong Kong: Evidence of risks due to selenium and nickel.
abstract: Concentrations of 22 trace elements were determined in green turtle (Chelonia mydas) eggs collected from Hong Kong. Concentrations of selenium, lead and nickel in these eggs were generally higher than those reported in other studies. The predicted no effect concentrations (PNEC; ng/g wet weight) of Pb (1000), Se (340 and 6000 for the worst-case and best-case scenarios, respectively) and Ni (17) in the green turtle eggs were estimated. Hazard quotients (HQs) estimate that Se (HQs: 0.2-24.5) and Ni (HQs: 4.0-26.4) may pose some risks to the turtles. Our study also found that concentrations of Ag, Se, Zn, Hg and Pb in the shell of the turtle eggs were significantly correlated with levels in the whole egg contents (yolk+albumen). Once the precise relationships of specific elements are established, egg-shell concentrations may be used as a non-lethal, non-invasive, surrogate for predicting whole egg burden of certain contaminants in marine turtles.
authors.affiliation: Center for Coastal Pollution and Conservation, Department of Biology and Chemistry, City University of Hong Kong, Kowloon, Hong Kong SAR, PR China.
authors.forename: James C W
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Shinsuke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tanabe
authors.forename: Simon K F
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Michael H W
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Paul K S
authors.initials: PK
authors.lastname: Lam
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004463:Ecology; D004530:Egg Yolk / Q000737:chemistry; D004781:Environmental Exposure; D006723:Hong Kong; D007854:Lead / Q000633:toxicity; D009532:Nickel / Q000032:analysis*; D010063:Ovum / Q000737:chemistry; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012643:Selenium / Q000032:analysis*; D013054:Spectrophotometry, Atomic; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis*; D014426:Turtles / Q000502:physiology*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D014131:Trace Elements; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D007854:Lead; D009532:Nickel; D012643:Selenium