title: Vasal reconstruction above the internal inguinal ring: what are the options?
authors.forename: William Clinton
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Kramer
authors.forename: Randall B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Meacham
mesh_terms: D000714:Anastomosis, Surgical / Q000379:methods; D006552:Hernia, Inguinal / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007264:Inguinal Canal / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D013521:Urologic Surgical Procedures, Male / Q000009:adverse effects; D014649:Vas Deferens / Q000601:surgery*; D014669:Vasovasostomy / Q000379:methods*