title: Translating best practices in nondrug postoperative pain management.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The research-to-practice gap is at the heart of the problem in the underuse of nondrug complementary methods to manage postoperative pain.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To show how the six steps of the Collaborative Research Utilization (CRU) model can be used to translate research into practice, using an example of nondrug pain management protocols.
  
  
  METHODS
  The CRU model was used to translate empirically tested nondrug interventions for surgical pain management enhancement into cost-effective, easy-to-use, best-practice nursing interventions, using tailored patient teaching.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The preliminary findings of the substudy in the context of the CRU model are reported.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CRU model was successful in changing patients' knowledge, attitudes, and use of nondrug interventions for pain management. Further research is needed in heterogeneous populations. Organization receptivity to research and a well-integrated computerized documentation system for cueing clinicians' pain management practices are key for effectiveness of change.
authors.affiliation: University of New Hampshire, Durham, NH, USA.
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tracy
authors.forename: Marlene
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dufault
authors.forename: Stephen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kogut
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Willey-Temkin
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015400:Clinical Nursing Research / Q000379:methods*; D000529:Complementary Therapies / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004059:Diffusion of Innovation; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D019018:Imagery, Psychotherapy; D008297:Male; D008405:Massage; D008875:Middle Aged; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D009147:Music Therapy; D010149:Postoperative Pain / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010353:Patient Education as Topic / Q000379:methods; D010865:Pilot Projects; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014481:United States