[Induction of anesthesia with halogen-containing anesthetic agents in children].
The study has comparatively evaluated the effectiveness and safety of halothane, enflurane, and isoflurane in children during induction. Seventy hundred and eight patients aged 1-14 years who had ASA I-II anesthetic risks were examined. Gas induction was performed as monoanesthesia through the semi-open circuit with high gas flow (100% O2 6 l/min) in combination with halothane (n = 236), enflurane (n = 236), or isoflurane (n = 236) without N2O. The authors have compared the following criteria: the speed and comfort of induction, the parameters of hemodynamics and external respiration, and the rate of adverse reactions and complications during induction. The studies have established that in terms of comfort, safety, and the rate clinical effect achievement, the drugs of choice for gas induction in children are enflurane and, to a lesser extent, halothane. Gas induction with isoflurane should not be performed in children since the agent rather frequently exerts an irritant action on the upper airways, which reduces the speed of initial narcosis and increases the likelihood of one or another adverse reactions; however; it has advantages as a less hemodynamic effect.
Sidorov
V A
VA
Korotkova
P V
PV
Mikhel'son
V A
VA
Tsypin
L E
LE
Grebennikov
V A
VA
D000293:Adolescent; D000769:Anesthesia, Inhalation / Q000379:methods*; D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004737:Enflurane / Q000009:adverse effects; D006221:Halothane / Q000009:adverse effects; D006439:Hemodynamics / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000009:adverse effects; D012449:Safety; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D018685:Anesthetics, Inhalation; D004737:Enflurane; D007530:Isoflurane; D006221:Halothane