title: Cytoplasmic, but not nuclear, p16 expression may signal poor prognosis in high-grade astrocytomas.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The negative consequences of the cytoplasmic localization of p16 in patients with high-grade astrocytomas, on their prognosis, was investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  p16 Expression was examined in 20 anaplastic astrocytoma and 42 glioblastoma patients by immunohistochemical analysis, and the relationship between both cytoplasmic and nuclear p16 expression and prognosis analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The cytoplasmic expression of p16 statistically correlated with poor prognosis. On the other hand, no correlation was observed between p16 nuclear expression and patient survival.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The cytoplasmic immunoreactivity of p16 appears to be an unfavorable prognostic indicator in high-grade astrocytoma patients. The localization of p16 expression should be determined when evaluating the prognosis of these patients.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Research Institute for Radiation Biology and Medicine, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Hiroshima University, Hiroshima-Shi, Japan. thohar@hiroshima-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Muhamad Thohar
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Arifin
authors.forename: Seiji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hama
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kajiwara
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: Taiichi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Shinya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Matsuura
authors.forename: Fumiyuki
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.forename: Kazunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Arita
authors.forename: Kaoru
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kurisu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000368:Aged; D001254:Astrocytoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D003593:Cytoplasm / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D005909:Glioblastoma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16