title: The sequential changes in the fasting plasma glucose levels within normoglycemic range predict type 2 diabetes in healthy, young men.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed whether the increased sequential changes in the fasting plasma glucose level (FPG) that is still within the normoglycemic range could be a predictor for future diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  A prospective cohort study was conducted with 5296 male employees, aged 31-44 years. A sequential change in the FPG level was defined as the first follow-up FPG level minus the baseline FPG level. The incident diabetes was assessed at annual examinations during the next 4.1 years. Cox proportional hazard analyses were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During the 21,575.5 person-years follow-up among the 5,296 subjects, a total of 156 incident cases of type 2 diabetes occurred (116 cases among the 4,975 normoglycemic subjects and 40 cases among the 321 subjects with impaired fasting glucose). An increase in the FPG level from the baseline to the first follow-up, although still within the normoglycemic range (FPG<100 mg/dl), significantly predicted future diabetes: the multivariate hazard ratios associated with the sequential changes in the FPG of <-3, -3 to 3, 4-6, 7-9, and >9 mg/dl were 0.75, 1.00 (reference), 2.28, 3.28, and 6.10, respectively (p for trend <0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The increase of the sequential changes in the FPG level that were within the normal glucose range was associated with a higher risk for developing diabetes. Thus, conducting assessment for the serial changes in the FPG level may help to identify the young, healthy, normoglycemic individuals at risk for type 2 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Family Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Jongno-Gu, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: Yong-Woo
authors.initials: YW
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Yoosoo
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Ki Chul
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Seungho
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Eunju
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Sung
authors.forename: Won Sool
authors.initials: WS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis*; D015992:Body Mass Index; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D005215:Fasting / Q000097:blood*; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D011236:Prediabetic State / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008055:Lipids