title: Dexmedetomidine vs midazolam for monitored anaesthesia care during cataract surgery.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cataract surgery is commonly performed under local anaesthesia with midazolam sedation. Dexmedetomidine, a sedative-analgesic, is devoid of respiratory depressant effects, and its use in cataract surgery has not been reported. This double-blind study compared the use of dexmedetomidine and midazolam in patients undergoing cataract surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-four patients undergoing cataract surgery under peribulbar anaesthesia randomly received either i.v. dexmedetomidine 1 microg kg(-1) over 10 min; followed by 0.1-0.7 microg kg(-1) h(-1) i.v. infusion (Group D), or midazolam 20 microg kg(-1) i.v.; followed by 0.5 mg i.v. boluses as required (Group M). Sedation was titrated to a Ramsay sedation score of 3. Mean arterial pressure (MAP), heart rate (HR), readiness for recovery room discharge (time to Aldrete score of 10), and patients' and surgeons' satisfaction (on a scale of 1-7) were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  MAP and HR were lower in Group D compared with Group M [86 (se 3) vs 102 (3) mm Hg and 65 (2) vs 72 (2) beats min(-1), respectively] (P<0.05). Group D patients had slightly higher satisfaction with sedation [median (IQR): 6 (6-7) vs 6 (5-7), P<0.05], but delayed readiness for discharge [45 (36-54) vs 21 (10-32) min, P<0.01] compared with patients in Group M. Surgeons' satisfaction was comparable in both groups [5 (4-6) vs 5 (4-6)].
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Compared with midazolam, dexmedetomidine does not appear to be suitable for sedation in patients undergoing cataract surgery. While there was a slightly better subjective patient satisfaction, it was accompanied by relative cardiovascular depression and delayed recovery room discharge.
authors.affiliation: Department of Anesthesia and Critical Care, King Abdulaziz University, King Abdulaziz University Hospital PO Box 31648, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia. jalhashemi@kau.edu.sa
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Alhashemi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000762:Anesthesia Recovery Period; D000772:Anesthesia, Local / Q000379:methods; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002387:Cataract Extraction; D016292:Procedural Sedation / Q000379:methods*; D003864:Depression, Chemical; D020927:Dexmedetomidine / Q000494:pharmacology; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D008297:Male; D008874:Midazolam / Q000494:pharmacology; D008875:Middle Aged; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D017060:Patient Satisfaction
chemical_list: D006993:Hypnotics and Sedatives; D020927:Dexmedetomidine; D008874:Midazolam; D010100:Oxygen