Deciphering the evolution and metabolism of an anammox bacterium from a community genome.
Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) has become a main focus in oceanography and wastewater treatment. It is also the nitrogen cycle's major remaining biochemical enigma. Among its features, the occurrence of hydrazine as a free intermediate of catabolism, the biosynthesis of ladderane lipids and the role of cytoplasm differentiation are unique in biology. Here we use environmental genomics--the reconstruction of genomic data directly from the environment--to assemble the genome of the uncultured anammox bacterium Kuenenia stuttgartiensis from a complex bioreactor community. The genome data illuminate the evolutionary history of the Planctomycetes and allow us to expose the genetic blueprint of the organism's special properties. Most significantly, we identified candidate genes responsible for ladderane biosynthesis and biological hydrazine metabolism, and discovered unexpected metabolic versatility.
Strous
Marc
M
Department of Microbiology, IWWR, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
Pelletier
Eric
E
Mangenot
Sophie
S
Rattei
Thomas
T
Lehner
Angelika
A
Taylor
Michael W
MW
Horn
Matthias
M
Daims
Holger
H
Bartol-Mavel
Delphine
D
Wincker
Patrick
P
Barbe
Valérie
V
Fonknechten
Nuria
N
Vallenet
David
D
Segurens
Béatrice
B
Schenowitz-Truong
Chantal
C
Médigue
Claudine
C
Collingro
Astrid
A
Snel
Berend
B
Dutilh
Bas E
BE
Op den Camp
Huub J M
HJ
van der Drift
Chris
C
Cirpus
Irina
I
van de Pas-Schoonen
Katinka T
KT
Harhangi
Harry R
HR
van Niftrik
Laura
L
Schmid
Markus
M
Keltjens
Jan
J
van de Vossenberg
Jack
J
Kartal
Boran
B
Meier
Harald
H
Frishman
Dmitrij
D
Huynen
Martijn A
MA
Mewes
Hans-Werner
HW
Weissenbach
Jean
J
Jetten
Mike S M
MS
Wagner
Michael
M
Le Paslier
Denis
D
D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005075:Biological Evolution; D019149:Bioreactors; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005798:Genes, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D006834:Hydrazines / Q000378:metabolism; D006867:Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D009876:Operon / Q000235:genetics; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D013816:Thermodynamics
D005227:Fatty Acids; D006834:Hydrazines; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; C029424:hydrazine; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D006867:Hydrolases