title: Deciphering the evolution and metabolism of an anammox bacterium from a community genome.
abstract: Anaerobic ammonium oxidation (anammox) has become a main focus in oceanography and wastewater treatment. It is also the nitrogen cycle's major remaining biochemical enigma. Among its features, the occurrence of hydrazine as a free intermediate of catabolism, the biosynthesis of ladderane lipids and the role of cytoplasm differentiation are unique in biology. Here we use environmental genomics--the reconstruction of genomic data directly from the environment--to assemble the genome of the uncultured anammox bacterium Kuenenia stuttgartiensis from a complex bioreactor community. The genome data illuminate the evolutionary history of the Planctomycetes and allow us to expose the genetic blueprint of the organism's special properties. Most significantly, we identified candidate genes responsible for ladderane biosynthesis and biological hydrazine metabolism, and discovered unexpected metabolic versatility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, IWWR, Radboud University Nijmegen, Toernooiveld 1, 6525 ED Nijmegen, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Strous
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pelletier
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mangenot
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Rattei
authors.forename: Angelika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Lehner
authors.forename: Michael W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Taylor
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horn
authors.forename: Holger
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Daims
authors.forename: Delphine
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Bartol-Mavel
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wincker
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Barbe
authors.forename: Nuria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Fonknechten
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Vallenet
authors.forename: Béatrice
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Segurens
authors.forename: Chantal
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schenowitz-Truong
authors.forename: Claudine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Médigue
authors.forename: Astrid
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Collingro
authors.forename: Berend
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Snel
authors.forename: Bas E
authors.initials: BE
authors.lastname: Dutilh
authors.forename: Huub J M
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Op den Camp
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: van der Drift
authors.forename: Irina
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Cirpus
authors.forename: Katinka T
authors.initials: KT
authors.lastname: van de Pas-Schoonen
authors.forename: Harry R
authors.initials: HR
authors.lastname: Harhangi
authors.forename: Laura
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: van Niftrik
authors.forename: Markus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schmid
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Keltjens
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: van de Vossenberg
authors.forename: Boran
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kartal
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Meier
authors.forename: Dmitrij
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Frishman
authors.forename: Martijn A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Huynen
authors.forename: Hans-Werner
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Mewes
authors.forename: Jean
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Weissenbach
authors.forename: Mike S M
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Jetten
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wagner
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Le Paslier
mesh_terms: D000693:Anaerobiosis; D001419:Bacteria / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D005075:Biological Evolution; D019149:Bioreactors; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D005227:Fatty Acids / Q000096:biosynthesis; D005798:Genes, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics; D016680:Genome, Bacterial; D006834:Hydrazines / Q000378:metabolism; D006867:Hydrolases / Q000378:metabolism; D009876:Operon / Q000235:genetics; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D010802:Phylogeny; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000378:metabolism*; D013816:Thermodynamics
chemical_list: D005227:Fatty Acids; D006834:Hydrazines; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; C029424:hydrazine; D010088:Oxidoreductases; D006867:Hydrolases