title: Aerobic capacity and peak power output of elite quadriplegic games players.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Participation in wheelchair sports such as tennis and rugby enables people with quadriplegia to compete both individually and as a team at the highest level. Both sports are dominated by frequent, intermittent, short term power demands superimposed on a background of aerobic activity.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To gain physiological profiles of highly trained British quadriplegic athletes, and to examine the relation between aerobic and sprint capacity.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight male quadriplegic athletes performed an arm crank exercise using an ergometer fitted with a Schoberer Rad Messtechnik (SRM) powermeter. The sprint test consisted of three maximum-effort sprints of five seconds duration against a resistance of 2%, 3%, and 4% of body mass. The highest power output obtained was recorded (PPO). Peak oxygen consumption (V(O2peak)), peak heart rate (HR(peak)), and maximal power output (PO(aer)) were determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean PO(aer) was 67.7 (16.2) W, mean V(O2peak) was 0.96 (0.17) litres/min, and HR(peak) was 134 (19) beats/min for the group. There was high variability among subjects. Peak power over the five second sprint for the group was 220 (62) W. There was a significant correlation between V(O2peak) (litres/min) and PO(aer) (W) (r = 0.74, p<0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These British quadriplegic athletes have relatively high aerobic fitness when compared with the available literature. Moreover, the anaerobic capacity of these athletes appeared to be relatively high compared with paraplegic participants.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biophysical and Clinical Research into Human Movement, Department of Exercise & Sport Science, Manchester Metropolitan University, MMU Cheshire, Alsager, UK. v.tolfrey@mmu.ac.uk
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Goosey-Tolfrey
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Castle
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Webborn
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Abel
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015308:Anaerobic Threshold / Q000502:physiology; D016552:Ergometry; D005080:Exercise Test / Q000379:methods; D005538:Football / Q000502:physiology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010101:Oxygen Consumption / Q000502:physiology; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D011782:Quadriplegia / Q000503:physiopathology*; D013715:Tennis / Q000502:physiology*; D014910:Wheelchairs