title: Sentinel lymph node biopsy in multicentric breast cancer. The experience of the European Institute of Oncology.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present our experience with sentinel lymph node biopsy (SLNB) performed in patients with multicentric breast cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between May 2001 and May 2004, 42 patients with multicentric breast cancer and a clinically negative axilla underwent lymphatic mapping either by a single subareolar (n = 25) or a double peritumoral/subdermal injection (n = 17) of 99Tc-HSA nanocolloids. The sentinel lymph node (SLN) was evaluated by intraoperative frozen section and axillary dissection was performed only in case of positive SLN.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean age was 49 years (range 25-78). Mean number of SLNs identified by lymphoscintigraphy was 1.36 (range 1-5) and mean number of SLNs removed at surgery was 1.55 (range 1-5), with an identification rate of 100%. The mean number of hot spots identified by lymphoscintigraphy was similar in patients who underwent single or double injections (1.36 and 1.35, respectively). In 21 of 42 patients the SLN was positive, and in seven of these 21 patients the SLN was the only positive node. After a median follow-up of 24 months no overt axillary metastases occurred in patients with negative SLN.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The number of SLNs is not dependent on the number and site of injections. SLNB is our standard procedure for nodal staging in patients with multicentric breast cancer and a clinically negative axilla.
authors.affiliation: Division of Senology, European Institute of Oncology, Milano, Italy. oreste.gentilini@ieo.it
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Gentilini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Trifirò
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Soteldo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Luini
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Intra
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Galimberti
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Veronesi
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Gandini
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Paganelli
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Veronesi
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001365:Axilla; D001940:Breast / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005629:Frozen Sections; D006801:Humans; D007279:Injections, Subcutaneous; D007430:Intraoperative Care; D008197:Lymph Node Excision; D008198:Lymph Nodes / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D008408:Mastectomy; D015412:Mastectomy, Segmental; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009558:Nipples / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals / Q000008:administration & dosage; D021701:Sentinel Lymph Node Biopsy / Q000379:methods*; D013668:Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D013668:Technetium Tc 99m Aggregated Albumin; C083602:technetium Tc 99m nanocolloid