title: Safeness of Simplex-tobramycin bone cement in patients with renal dysfunction undergoing total hip replacement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the pharmacokinetic profile of tobramycin in blood, urine, and at the operative site following the use of Simplex-tobramycin bone cement in primary total hip replacement between patients with and without renal dysfunction.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six patients with renal dysfunction underwent cemented primary total hip replacement for osteoarthritis. The elution characteristics of Simplex-tobramycin bone cement in the 6 patients with renal dysfunction were compared with 9 patients who had normal renal function. Blood, urine, and drainage fluid specimens were collected for 72 hours postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Very high concentrations of tobramycin were seen in the drainage fluid of the 2 groups. Mean serum tobramycin levels peaked at postoperative 3 hours, and declined rapidly to negligible levels at 72 hours in both groups. Mean urinary tobramycin concentrations peaked at postoperative 12 hours and declined rapidly until 48 hours in both groups. Urinary tobramycin was excreted significantly more slowly in renal dysfunction group in the first 12 hours, but not thereafter. Although serum creatinine levels of the renal dysfunction group were higher throughout the study period, the difference was not significant. Both groups achieved excellent local delivery of the antibiotic with minimal systemic concentrations.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Simplex-tobramycin bone cement appears to be an effective and safe means to deliver antibiotic for patients with renal dysfunction who undergo total hip replacement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, The Prince Charles Hospital, Chermside, Queensland, Australia.
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Forsythe
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Crawford
authors.forename: G J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Sterling
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Whitehouse
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Crawford
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D019644:Arthroplasty, Replacement, Hip; D001843:Bone Cements; D003404:Creatinine / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008768:Methylmethacrylates / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D008875:Middle Aged; D011137:Polystyrenes / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D014031:Tobramycin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D001843:Bone Cements; D008768:Methylmethacrylates; D011137:Polystyrenes; C032043:styrene-methylmethacrylate copolymer; D003404:Creatinine; D014031:Tobramycin