title: [The research on associating the single nucleotide polymorphism of CTLA-4 gene promoter region with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression of cytotoxic T lymphocyte associated antigen-4 (CTLA-4) in patients with idiopathic dilated cardiomyopathy (IDC) and to explore genetic susceptibility to IDC caused possibly by single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) of CTLA-4 gene promoter.
  
  
  METHODS
  PCR-restriction fragment length polymorphism techniques were used to analyze the SNPs of CTLA-4 gene at position -1772, -1661 and -318 in the promoter region. Serum sCTLA-4, IFN-gamma and IL-4 were tested by ELISA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  sCTLA-4 levels of IDC patients were associated with the haplotype and genotype. Patients with -1772 TC genotype or -1772 TC -1661 AA, -1772 TC -1661 AG haplotypes had higher sCTLA-4 levels than patients with other haplotypes did. The frequency of -1772 TC genotype was significantly high in patients with low ejection factor(EF) values. Whereas the frequencies of -1661 G allele and -1661 GG genotype were lower in IDC patients. Levels of IL-4 were increased in IDC group.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients with IDC have an aberrant expression of the CTLA-4 products, and the -1772 C/T and -1661 A/G polymorphisms. The two SNPs may function as genetic markers for disease susceptibility.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital, Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, 150001 P.R.China. doctor_liuwei@163.com
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Wei-min
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Yue
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Yi-hui
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kong
mesh_terms: D015703:Antigens, CD / Q000235:genetics*; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; D002311:Cardiomyopathy, Dilated / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D015703:Antigens, CD; D060908:CTLA-4 Antigen; C556706:CTLA4 protein, human