title: Variation in mineral properties in normal and mutant bones and teeth.
abstract: Hydroxyapatite mineral is deposited in an organized fashion in the matrices of bones and teeth. The amount of mineral present, the composition of the mineral, and the size of the mineral crystals varies with both tissue and animal age, diet, health status, and the tissue being examined. Here, we review methods for measuring these differences in mineral properties and provide some illustrations from bones and teeth of animals in which the small leucine-rich proteoglycans (biglycan and decorin) were ablated. Differences in mineral properties between biglycan-deficient bones and teeth are related to the functions of this small proteoglycan in these tissues.
authors.affiliation: Mineralized Tissue Research Laboratory, Musculoskeletal Integrity Program, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, NY 10021, USA. boskeya@hss.edu
authors.forename: Adele L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Boskey
authors.forename: Marian F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Tina
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kilts
authors.forename: Kostas
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Verdelis
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D058578:Biglycan; D015519:Bone Density; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D058575:Decorin; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D011509:Proteoglycans / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000235:genetics; D017550:Spectroscopy, Fourier Transform Infrared; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014070:Tooth / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging
chemical_list: C546885:Bgn protein, mouse; D058578:Biglycan; C546879:Dcn protein, mouse; D058575:Decorin; D016326:Extracellular Matrix Proteins; D011509:Proteoglycans