title: Who visits the psychiatric emergency room for the first time?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine patient and system characteristics of first-time ("incident") vs. recurrent ("recurrent") use of a psychiatric emergency room (PER).
  
  
  METHODS
  Data on demographic and clinical characteristics and health service utilization were collected for incident and recurrent users (n=3,719) who visited the PER of the university hospital in Leuven, Belgium, between March 2000 and March 2002.
  
  
  RESULTS
  About 64% (n=2,368) were incident and 36% (n=1,351) were recurrent users. The PER was the first treatment setting ever for 50% of the incident users. Incident users were most likely over 69 years (OR=2.84, P<0.001), employed (OR=2.21, P<0.001), or referred by a health care professional (OR=1.72, P<0.001). They were less likely to have a personality disorder (OR=0.40, P<0.001) or to have used inpatient or outpatient services in the past (OR's 0.11 and 0.65, respectively, P<0.001). About 44% were admitted, 38% referred for outpatient treatment, 9% referred to the outpatient crisis-intervention program, and 9% refused any follow-up.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PER was a first treatment setting ever for 1 in 3 patients. Incident and recurrent users differed in sociodemographic characteristics, pathways to care, service use, and the presence of a personality disorder. They did not differ in axis 1 disorders, comorbid mental disorders, or pathways after care.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Neurosciences and Psychiatry, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Herestraat 49, 3000, Leuven, Belgium. ronny.bruffaerts@uz.kuleuven.ac.be
authors.forename: Ronny
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Bruffaerts
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sabbe
authors.forename: Koen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Demyttenaere
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000553:Ambulatory Care / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D001530:Belgium; D015897:Comorbidity; D003419:Crisis Intervention / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D004637:Emergency Services, Psychiatric / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D006769:Hospitals, General / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006785:Hospitals, University / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D012008:Recurrence; D012017:Referral and Consultation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014600:Utilization Review / Q000706:statistics & numerical data