title: The risks of warfarin use in the elderly.
abstract: The use of warfarin in the elderly, particularly for stroke prevention in chronic atrial fibrillation, is steadily increasing. Although the benefits of warfarin are greatest in the elderly, so are the risk of adverse outcomes and the difficulties of anticoagulant management. Clinical systems need to improve to counter this therapeutic dilemma, as warfarin is likely to remain the only widely available oral anticoagulant for the foreseeable future. Aspects that require attention are: the careful selection of patients in whom treatment with warfarin is appropriate; initiating therapy in a low dose (e.g., 2.5-5 mg/day); thorough education of patients and carers; close monitoring, especially with any change in the patient's regular drug therapy; involving patients more in the management of their warfarin therapy (self-monitoring/management in suitable patients); and ongoing review of the appropriateness of therapy as circumstances change.
authors.affiliation: Unit for Medication Outcomes Research and Education, School of Pharmacy, University of Tasmania, Hobart, Tasmania, Australia.
authors.forename: Luke R
authors.initials: LR
authors.lastname: Bereznicki
authors.forename: Gregory M
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Peterson
authors.forename: Shane L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Jackson
authors.forename: Ella C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Jeffrey
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001281:Atrial Fibrillation / Q000188:drug therapy; D001384:Azetidines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D001596:Benzylamines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D004347:Drug Interactions; D016903:Drug Monitoring; D050723:Fractures, Bone / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced*; D006801:Humans; D020521:Stroke / Q000517:prevention & control; D014859:Warfarin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D001384:Azetidines; D001596:Benzylamines; C426686:ximelagatran; D014859:Warfarin