Psoriatic erythroderma associated with enalapril.
A 59-year-old man with a 35-year personal and positive family history of psoriasis was admitted to our department for treatment of psoriatic erythroderma. The patient had commenced therapy with enalapril 10 mg b.i.d. for the treatment of hypertension approximately 6 weeks before hospitalization. Five weeks after the initiation of enalapril, his psoriasis began to flare, and for a period of about 1 week it reached the extent of erythroderma. The patient did not associate the psoriatic flare with other factors such as infections, trauma, or stress. The patient presented with diffuse erythema and pronounced desquamation covering his entire trunk, scalp, and extremities (Figure). Nearly 100% of the body surface area was involved. The palms and soles were also affected, displaying erythema, hyperkeratosis, and painful fissures. The nails showed pits, oil spots, and subungual hyperkeratosis. The patient also had psoriatic arthritis affecting the interphalangeal joints of his fingers. Laboratory tests revealed an elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate, an elevated creatinine level of 180 mmol/L, a blood urea nitrogen level of 10.8 mmol/L, and a uric acid level of 716 mmol/L. Urinalysis showed proteinuria of 1.5 g/24 h. The patient's renal condition was diagnosed as chronic tubulointerstitial nephritis, most probably related to his dermatologic disease. Allopurinol and dietary measures were recommended. Following treatment with methotrexate and replacement of enalapril therapy, the erythema and scaling gradually subsided and became confined to his pre-eruptive chronic plaques (approximately 5% of body surface area). Rechallenge with enalapril was not performed.
Antonov
Dimitar
D
Department of Dermatology and Venereology, Faculty of Medicine, Sofia Medical University, Sofia, Bulgaria. dimitar_antonov@doctor.bg
Grozdev
Ivan
I
Pehlivanov
Georgi
G
Tsankov
Nikolai
N
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003873:Dermatitis, Exfoliative / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology; D004656:Enalapril / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011565:Psoriasis / Q000150:complications / Q000473:pathology*
D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D004656:Enalapril