title: Cardiac dysfunction in the diabetic rat: quantitative evaluation using high resolution magnetic resonance imaging.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Diabetes is a major risk factor for cardiovascular disease. In particular, type 1 diabetes compromises the cardiac function of individuals at a relatively early age due to the protracted course of abnormal glucose homeostasis. The functional abnormalities of diabetic myocardium have been attributed to the pathological changes of diabetic cardiomyopathy.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this study, we used high field magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to evaluate the left ventricular functional characteristics of streptozotocin treated diabetic Sprague-Dawley rats (8 weeks disease duration) in comparison with age/sex matched controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our analyses of EKG gated cardiac MRI scans of the left ventricle showed a 28% decrease in the end-diastolic volume and 10% increase in the end-systolic volume of diabetic hearts compared to controls. Mean stroke volume and ejection fraction in diabetic rats were decreased (48% and 28%, respectively) compared to controls. Further, dV/dt changes were suggestive of phase sensitive differences in left ventricular kinetics across the cardiac cycle between diabetic and control rats.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thus, the MRI analyses of diabetic left ventricle suggest impairment of diastolic and systolic hemodynamics in this rat model of diabetic cardiomyopathy. Our studies also show that in vivo MRI could be used in the evaluation of cardiac dysfunction in this rat model of type 1 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Therapy and Rehabilitation Science, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS 66160, USA. rloganathan@kumc.edu
authors.forename: Rajprasad
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Loganathan
authors.forename: Mehmet
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bilgen
authors.forename: Baraa
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Al-Hafez
authors.forename: Mohammed D
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Alenezy
authors.forename: Irina V
authors.initials: IV
authors.lastname: Smirnova
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D003921:Diabetes Mellitus, Experimental / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D017379:Hypertrophy, Left Ventricular / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013318:Stroke Volume; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin