title: Dual blockade of the renin-angiotensin system with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin II receptor blockers in chronic kidney disease.
abstract: Despite the renoprotective effects of angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors (ACEIs) and angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs), many patients with chronic kidney disease develop end-stage kidney disease. Combination treatment with an ACEI and an ARB is a recently introduced approach to obtain more complete blockade of the renin-angiotensin system, based on the different mechanisms of action of the two classes of drug. To assess the shortcomings of single treatment with ACEIs and ARBs, and the potential benefits of combination treatment, we reviewed the experimental and clinical evidence suggesting that combination treatment offers more complete blockade of the renin-angiotensin system and identified areas in which further research is necessary to confirm the benefits of combination treatment. The available data suggest that combination treatment with an ACEI and an ARB has a greater renoprotective effect than either drug alone. In addition, more recent data have shown that combination treatment is more potent in suppressing renal fibrosis, and is well tolerated in patients with advanced chronic kidney disease. Clinical trials with rigorous endpoints are needed to further establish the benefits of combination treatment in renal protection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Nephrology and Hypertension, Inha University College of Medicine, Incheon, Korea. jhsong@inha.ac.kr
authors.forename: Joon Ho
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Song
authors.forename: Seok Ho
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Cha
authors.forename: Seong Bin
authors.initials: SB
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Dae Hyeok
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003928:Diabetic Nephropathies / Q000188:drug therapy; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006801:Humans; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011507:Proteinuria / Q000188:drug therapy; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000652:urine; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1
chemical_list: D047228:Angiotensin II Type 1 Receptor Blockers; D000806:Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors; C508960:TGFB1 protein, human; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D053773:Transforming Growth Factor beta1