title: A comparison of the potency of trimedoxime and other currently available oximes to reactivate tabun-inhibited acetylcholinesterase and eliminate acute toxic effects of tabun.
abstract: Tabun (O-ethyl-N,N-dimethyl phosphoramidocyanidate) belongs to highly toxic organophosphorus compounds misused as chemical warfare agents for military as well as terroristic purposes. It differs from other highly toxic organophosphates by its chemical structure and by the fact that tabun-inhibited acetylcholinesterase is extraordinarily difficult to reactivate. The potency of trimedoxime and other commonly used oximes (pralidoxime, obidoxime, the oxime HI-6) to reactivate tabun-inhibited acetylcholinesterase and to eliminate tabun-induced acute effects was evaluated using in vitro and in vivo methods. In vitro calculated kinetic parameters of reactivation of tabun-inhibited acetylcholinesterase from rat brain homogenate and in vivo determined percentage of reactivation of tabun-inhibited blood and tissue acetylcholinesterase in poisoned rats show that trimedoxime seems to be the most efficacious reactivator in the case of tabun poisonings. Trimedoxime was also found to be the most efficacious oxime in the elimination of acute lethal toxic effects in tabun-poisoned rats and mice. The oxime HI-6, so efficacious against soman, does not seem to be sufficiently effective oxime to reactivate tabun-inhibited acetylcholinesterase and to counteract acute lethal effects of tabun.
authors.affiliation: Department of Toxicology, Faculty of Military Health Sciences, Trebesská 1575, Hradec Králové, Czech Republic. kassa@pmfhk.cz
authors.forename: Jirí
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kassa
authors.forename: Kamil
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kuca
authors.forename: Jirí
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cabal
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000201:enzymology; D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents / Q000633:toxicity*; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors / Q000633:toxicity*; D002801:Cholinesterase Reactivators / Q000494:pharmacology*; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D010755:Organophosphates / Q000633:toxicity*; D010091:Oximes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014289:Trimedoxime / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D002619:Chemical Warfare Agents; D002800:Cholinesterase Inhibitors; D002801:Cholinesterase Reactivators; D010755:Organophosphates; D010091:Oximes; D014289:Trimedoxime; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase; C009374:tabun