title: English language narratives of Filipino children.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The current study focuses on describing the English language narrative skills of children who have been exposed to the Filipino language.
  
  
  METHODS
  Eight children between the ages of 6;0 (years;months) and 7;7 who spoke primarily English but who were exposed to the Filipino language at home participated. Each child produced three narrative samples based on wordless picture books. Samples were analyzed for narrative complexity as well as measures of productivity and grammaticality.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The complexity of children's narratives was comparable to that reported in the literature for monolingual English-speaking children. Grammaticality measures show use of an average of 16.55% Filipino-influenced English forms across three stories. The observed patterns of Filipino-influenced English were predictable based on the comparison of English and Filipino structures. Variability in maze use was related to the amount of exposure to Filipino.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Care should be taken to evaluate grammaticality with respect to nonstandard English forms predicted by the rules of the language in contact with English. Further, maze use may be related to level of exposure to another language and should be further explored when using such information in language evaluation.
authors.affiliation: University of Texas, Austin, USA.
authors.forename: Lee Ann L
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Lofranco
authors.forename: Elizabeth D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Peña
authors.forename: Lisa M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Bedore
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002663:Child Language; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008037:Linguistics; D008297:Male; D019303:Multilingualism; D033262:Narration; D014705:Verbal Behavior; D014825:Vocabulary