MDCT-based 3-D texture classification of emphysema and early smoking related lung pathologies.
Our goal is to enhance the ability to differentiate normal lung from subtle pathologies via multidetector row CT (MDCT) by extending a two-dimensional (2-D) texturebased tissue classification [adaptive multiple feature method (AMFM)] to use three-dimensional (3-D) texture features. We performed MDCT on 34 humans and classified volumes of interest (VOIs) in the MDCT images into five categories: EC, emphysema in severe chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD); MC, mild emphysema in mild COPD; NC, normal appearing lung in mild COPD; NN, normal appearing lung in normal nonsmokers; and NS, normal appearing lung in normal smokers. COPD severity was based upon pulmonary function tests (PFTs). Airways and vessels were excluded from VOIs; 24 3-D texture features were calculated; and a Bayesian classifier was used for discrimination. A leave-one-out method was employed for validation. Sensitivity of the four-class classification in the form of 3-D/2-D was: EC: 85%/71%, MC: 90%/82%; NC: 88%/50%; NN: 100%/60%. Sensitivity and specificity for NN using a two-class classification of NN and NS in the form of 3-D/2-D were: 99%/72% and 100%/75%, respectively. We conclude that 3-D AMFM analysis of lung parenchyma improves discrimination compared to 2-D AMFM of the same VOIs. Furthermore, our results suggest that the 3-D AMFM may provide a means of discriminating subtle differences between smokers and nonsmokers both with normal PFTs.
Xu
Ye
Y
Iowa Comprehension Lung Imaging Center, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52240, USA.
Sonka
Milan
M
McLennan
Geoffrey
G
Guo
Junfeng
J
Hoffman
Eric A
EA
D000465:Algorithms; D016477:Artifacts; D001185:Artificial Intelligence; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional / Q000379:methods*; D016247:Information Storage and Retrieval / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated / Q000379:methods; D011656:Pulmonary Emphysema / Q000145:classification* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000209:etiology; D011829:Radiation Dosage; D011856:Radiographic Image Enhancement / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D011857:Radiographic Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013269:Stochastic Processes; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D014159:Transducers