title: T cell- and B cell-independent adaptive immunity mediated by natural killer cells.
abstract: It is commonly believed that only T lymphocytes and B lymphocytes expressing recombination-dependent antigen-specific receptors mediate contact hypersensitivity responses to haptens. Here we found that mice devoid of T cells and B cells demonstrated substantial contact hypersensitivity responses to 2,4-dinitrofluorobenzene and oxazolone. Those responses were adaptive in nature, as they persisted for at least 4 weeks and were elicited only by haptens to which mice were previously sensitized. No contact hypersensitivity was induced in mice lacking all lymphocytes, including natural killer cells. Contact hypersensitivity responses were acquired by such mice after adoptive transfer of natural killer cells from sensitized donors. Transferable hapten-specific memory resided in a Ly49C-I(+) natural killer subpopulation localized specifically in donor livers. These observations indicate that natural killer cells can mediate long-lived, antigen-specific adaptive recall responses independent of B cells and T cells.
authors.affiliation: The CBR Institute for Biomedical Research and Department of Pathology, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA.
authors.forename: Jacqueline G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: O'Leary
authors.forename: Mahmoud
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Goodarzi
authors.forename: Danielle L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Drayton
authors.forename: Ulrich H
authors.initials: UH
authors.lastname: von Andrian
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D001402:B-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003877:Dermatitis, Contact / Q000276:immunology; D004139:Dinitrofluorobenzene / Q000494:pharmacology; D007156:Immunologic Memory; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000276:immunology*; D008099:Liver / Q000276:immunology; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D010081:Oxazolone / Q000494:pharmacology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000276:immunology*; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C499308:Rag2 protein, mouse; D010081:Oxazolone; D004139:Dinitrofluorobenzene