title: Anti-human immunodeficiency virus activity of 3,4,5-tricaffeoylquinic acid in cultured cells of lettuce leaves.
abstract: 3,4,5-Tricaffeoylquinic acid (TCQA) that is not found in intact plant of lettuce leaves was isolated from the cultured cells. The intact plant produced chicoric acid (dicaffeoyl tartaric acid: L-CCA) as well as chlorogenic acid (3-caffeoylquinic acid: 3-CQA) as the major metabolites. After subculturing of the cells for 40 days, the amount of 3,4,5-TCQA reached to 0.14 mg/g fresh weight. The inhibitory effect of 3,4,5-TCQA for human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) Type 1 integrase was assayed. Anti-HIV activity using HIV and MT-2 cells was 1.15 microM and IC(50) against HIV integrase was 0.063 microM whereas cell toxicity of this chemical was expressed as 5% death of all living cells to be 18.4 microM. The HIV inhibitory effect of 3,4,5-TCQA was the highest in values among L-CCA, and other dicaffeoylquinic acids. This data will provide a new possibility for creating a new drug design for HIV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry and Food Science, Kagawa University, Miki-cho, Japan. tamura@ag.kagawa-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hirotoshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tamura
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akioka
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Takeshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chujyo
authors.forename: Katsu-ichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okazaki
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: King
authors.forename: W Edward
authors.initials: WE
authors.lastname: Robinson
mesh_terms: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D019427:HIV Integrase / Q000494:pharmacology; D015497:HIV-1 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology; D018545:Lactuca / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000166:cytology*; D011801:Quinic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D013386:Succinates / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D002109:Caffeic Acids; D013386:Succinates; C472707:caffeoylquinic acid; D011801:Quinic Acid; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; D019427:HIV Integrase; C100435:chicoric acid