title: Assessing the social behavior of unipolar depressives: the criteria for Typus melancholicus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  (a) To define the nuclear characteristics of the melancholic type of personality (TM), that in European and Japanese psychopathological tradition is considered the model which most accurately describes the social behavior of unipolar depressives, through clear, valid, and synthetic criteria (criteria for TM = CTM); (b) to evaluate the diagnostic power, reliability, internal consistency, and other psychometric properties of these criteria.
  
  
  METHODS
  Personality features of 115 unipolar depressives consecutively admitted to 2 psychiatric facilities were assessed with the CTM and with the Kasahara Scale (KS). Four further unipolar depressives were assessed with the CTM by 13 different raters (11 CTM-naive and 2 experienced).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CTM have shown high reliability and internal consistency. They were also highly concordant with the KS scores.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CTM can discriminate between TMs and non-TMs and suggests that the TM kind of personality is not a dimensional concept but a coherent structure in which one feature entails the presence of all the others.
authors.affiliation: Department of Mental Health, University of Florence, Florence, Italy. giostan@libero.it
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Stanghellini
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bertelli
mesh_terms: D003866:Depressive Disorder / Q000145:classification / Q000523:psychology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010552:Personality Assessment; D010555:Personality Inventory; D011594:Psychometrics; D012919:Social Behavior; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires