title: Sublethal exposure to UV radiation affects respiration rates of the freshwater cladoceran Daphnia catawba.
abstract: We examined the effects of UV radiation (UVR) on metabolic rates of the freshwater cladoceran Daphnia catawba. We exposed D. catawba to UVB for 12 h in a lamp phototron at levels of 2.08 and 4.16 kJ m(-2) both with and without concomitant exposure to UVA and visible photorepair radiation (PRR). We also included a group that received PRR only and a dark control group. Respiration rates were measured for 6 h following exposure. Respiration rates increased by 31.8% relative to the dark control at the lowest level of UVB stress (2.08 kJ m(-2) UVB with PRR), whereas respiration was inhibited by 70.3% at the highest stress level (4.16 kJ m(-2) UVB without PRR). Survival rates in the group that received PRR only and the group exposed to 2.08 kJ m(-2) and PRR were not significantly different from that in the control group; however, the survival rate was reduced for all other UVR exposures. We hypothesize that enhanced respiration rates reflect energetic costs related to repair of cellular components damaged by sublethal levels of UVR. Increases in respiration rate of the magnitude we found in our experiment could significantly reduce energetic reserves available for growth and reproduction, especially in cases where these costs are incurred repeatedly during a series of days with high levels of UVR.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, Franklin & Marshall College, Lancaster, PA, USA. jfischer@fandm.edu
authors.forename: Janet M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Fischer
authors.forename: Peter A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Fields
authors.forename: Peter G
authors.initials: PG
authors.lastname: Pryzbylkowski
authors.forename: Jaclyn L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Nicolai
authors.forename: Patrick J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Neale
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019069:Cell Respiration / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D003621:Daphnia / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D004307:Dose-Response Relationship, Radiation; D005618:Fresh Water; D012098:Reproduction / Q000502:physiology / Q000528:radiation effects*; D015996:Survival Rate; D013997:Time Factors; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays