title: Carcinogenic pollutants o-nitroanisole and o-anisidine are substrates and inducers of cytochromes P450.
abstract: 2-Methoxyaniline (o-anisidine) and 2-methoxynitrobenzene (o-nitroanisole) are important pollutants and potent carcinogens for rodents. o-Anisidine is oxidized by microsomes of rats and rabbits to N-(2-methoxyphenyl)hydroxylamine that is also formed as the reduction metabolite of o-nitroanisole. o-Anisidine is a promiscuity substrate of rat and rabbit cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes, because CYPs of 1A, 2B, 2E and 3A subfamilies oxidize o-anisidine. Using purified CYP enzymes, reconstituted with NADPH: CYP reductase, rabbit CYP2E1 was the most efficient enzyme oxidizing o-anisidine, but the ability of CYP1A1, 1A2, 2B2, 2B4 and 3A6 to participate in o-anisidine oxidation was also proved. Utilizing Western blotting and consecutive immunoquantification employing chicken polyclonal anti bodies raised against various CYPs, the effect of o-anisidine and o-nitroanisole on the expression of the CYP enzymes was investigated. The expression of CYP1A1/2 was found to be strongly induced in rats treated with either compounds. In addition, 7-ethoxyresorufin O-deethylation, a marker activity for both CYP1A1 and 1A2, was significantly increased in rats treated with either carcinogen. The data demonstrate the participation of different rat and rabbit CYP enzymes in o-anisidine oxidation and indicate that both experimental animal species might serve as suitable models to mimic the o-anisidine oxidation in human. Furthermore, by induction of rat hepatic and renal CYP1A1/2, both o-nitroanisole and o-anisidine influence their carcinogenic effects, modifying their detoxification and/or activation pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biochemistry, Charles University, Albertov 2030, Prague 2, Czech Republic. helili@centrum.cz
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rýdlová
authors.forename: Markéta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Miksanová
authors.forename: Helena
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Ryslavá
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stiborová
mesh_terms: D000814:Aniline Compounds / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000818:Animals; D000840:Anisoles / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004790:Enzyme Induction; D008861:Microsomes / Q000201:enzymology; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000814:Aniline Compounds; D000840:Anisoles; D002273:Carcinogens; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; C003898:2-anisidine; C005328:2-nitroanisole