Neurobiological studies of dementia--biological markers and neuroprotective strategies for Alzheimer disease.
Tau protein and amyloid s (Abeta), two major components of neuropathology in Alzheimer disease (AD), have been applied for establishment of more useful biomarkers and therapeutic approaches. Total tau protein in CSF is a biomarker for AD, however increased levels of total tau in CSF were also observed in other neurological disease with dementia. Phosphorylation is an important feature of tau protein and phosphorylated tau in CSF is useful to distinguish AD from other disease. Abeta has toxic effects on neuronal cells, and its mechanisms are complicated. One of mechanism of Abeta-cytotoxicity is a down-regulation of XIAP, and this effect is observed in the low concentration of Abeta. XIAP might be a therapeutic target employing compounds that increase expression of XIAP in neuronal cells.
Tanaka
Toshihisa
T
Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
Isoe-Wada
Kenji
K
Yamamori
Hidenaga
H
Kato
Kiyoko
K
Nessa
Begum Nurun
BN
Sadik
Golam Md
GM
Takeda
Masatoshi
M
D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000633:toxicity*; D015415:Biomarkers; D006801:Humans; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051636:X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein / Q000502:physiology*; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000378:metabolism
D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D015415:Biomarkers; D051636:X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein; C496866:XIAP protein, human; D016875:tau Proteins