Glucagon-like Peptide-2.
Multiple peptide hormones produced within the gastrointestinal system aid in the regulation of energy homeostasis and metabolism. Among these is the intestinotrophic peptide glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2), which is released following food intake and plays a significant role in the adaptive regulation of bowel mass and mucosal integrity. The discovery of GLP-2's potent growth-promoting and cytoprotective effects in the gastrointestinal (GI) tract stimulated interest in its use as a therapeutic agent for the treatment of GI diseases involving malabsorption, inflammation, and/or mucosal damage. Current research has focused on determining the physiological mechanisms contributing to the effects of GLP-2 and factors regulating its biological mechanisms of action. This chapter provides an overview of the biology of GLP-2 with a focus on the most recent findings on the role of this peptide hormone in the normal and diseased GI tract.
Estall
Jennifer L
JL
Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, The Banting and Best Diabetes Center, Toronto General Hospital, University of Toronto, Ontario, Canada, M5G 2C4.
Drucker
Daniel J
DJ
D000222:Adaptation, Physiological; D000818:Animals; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents / Q000378:metabolism / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones / Q000378:metabolism*; D053767:Glucagon-Like Peptide 2; D004763:Glucagon-Like Peptides / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000502:physiology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007410:Intestinal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000378:metabolism; D018027:Receptors, Glucagon / Q000378:metabolism
D001786:Blood Glucose; D005765:Gastrointestinal Agents; D005768:Gastrointestinal Hormones; D053767:Glucagon-Like Peptide 2; D018027:Receptors, Glucagon; D004763:Glucagon-Like Peptides