title: Nucleic-acid-based antiviral agents against positive single-stranded RNA viruses.
abstract: Positive single-stranded RNA viruses constitute a broad and prevalent group of pathogens that threaten human health and life worldwide. While effective vaccines have been developed for some, such as poliovirus and hepatitis A, others such as coxsackievirus, severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) and West Nile virus have no accredited drug treatments. Antisense technologies, which encompass small interfering RNA, antisense oligonucleotides, ribozymes and their chemically modified analogs, involve small sequence-specific nucleic-acid-based molecules that inhibit viral replication at the level of translation. Many antisense oligomers are proven antiviral agents in vitro. In this review, iwe provide an overview of the antiviral antisense field, highlighting specific studies of interest over the past several years, using our experience with coxsackievirus B3 as a reference point. Overall, both the challenges and successes of existing antisense therapies for positive single-stranded RNA viruses can be paralleled to those for other virus groups, and vice versa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, The James Hogg iCAPTURE Centre for Cardiovascular and Pulmonary Research, University of British Columbia, St Paul's Hospital, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: Travis W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Lim
authors.forename: Ji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yuan
authors.forename: Zhen
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Dexin
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Alhousseynou
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sall
authors.forename: Decheng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D009696:Nucleic Acids / Q000737:chemistry*; D012328:RNA Viruses / Q000187:drug effects*; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D012196:Review Literature as Topic; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D009696:Nucleic Acids; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D012367:RNA, Viral