title: Neurobiological studies of dementia--biological markers and neuroprotective strategies for Alzheimer disease.
abstract: Tau protein and amyloid s (Abeta), two major components of neuropathology in Alzheimer disease (AD), have been applied for establishment of more useful biomarkers and therapeutic approaches. Total tau protein in CSF is a biomarker for AD, however increased levels of total tau in CSF were also observed in other neurological disease with dementia. Phosphorylation is an important feature of tau protein and phosphorylated tau in CSF is useful to distinguish AD from other disease. Abeta has toxic effects on neuronal cells, and its mechanisms are complicated. One of mechanism of Abeta-cytotoxicity is a down-regulation of XIAP, and this effect is observed in the low concentration of Abeta. XIAP might be a therapeutic target employing compounds that increase expression of XIAP in neuronal cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Osaka University Graduate School of Medicine, Japan.
authors.forename: Toshihisa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Isoe-Wada
authors.forename: Hidenaga
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamamori
authors.forename: Kiyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Begum Nurun
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Nessa
authors.forename: Golam Md
authors.initials: GM
authors.lastname: Sadik
authors.forename: Masatoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeda
mesh_terms: D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000633:toxicity*; D015415:Biomarkers; D006801:Humans; D010766:Phosphorylation; D051636:X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein / Q000502:physiology*; D016875:tau Proteins / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D015415:Biomarkers; D051636:X-Linked Inhibitor of Apoptosis Protein; C496866:XIAP protein, human; D016875:tau Proteins