Gut hormones ghrelin, PYY, and GLP-1 in the regulation of energy balance [corrected] and metabolism.
The first hormone discovered in the gastrointestinal tract was secretin, isolated from duodenal mucosa. Some years later, two additional gastrointestinal hormones, gastrin and cholecystokinin (CCK), were discovered, but it was not until the 1970s that gastrointestinal endocrinology studies became more prevalent, resulting in the discovery of many more hormones. Here, we examine the role of gut hormones in energy balance regulation and their possible use as pharmaceutical targets for obesity.
Perez-Tilve
Diego
D
Department of Psychiatry, University of Cincinnati Genome Research Institute, Cincinnati, OH 45237, USA.
Nogueiras
Ruben
R
Mallo
Federico
F
Benoit
Stephen C
SC
Tschoep
Matthias
M
D000818:Animals; D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001069:Appetite Regulation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D054439:Ghrelin; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*; D004763:Glucagon-Like Peptides / Q000502:physiology; D006706:Homeostasis / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D009765:Obesity / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology; D053772:Oxyntomodulin; D036361:Peptide Hormones / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*; D019894:Peptide YY / Q000032:analysis / Q000502:physiology*
D019440:Anti-Obesity Agents; D054439:Ghrelin; D053772:Oxyntomodulin; D036361:Peptide Hormones; D019894:Peptide YY; D004763:Glucagon-Like Peptides; D052216:Glucagon-Like Peptide 1