title: Dental fear and anxiety levels of patients attending a dental clinic.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the anxiety levels of patients attending a university oral diagnosis clinic. Avoidance, felt physiologic responses, and the most fear-producing stimuli of dental treatment were also evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 1,437 patients were asked to complete a questionnaire consisting of the Dental Anxiety Scale (DAS), Dental Fear Scale (DFS), and questions about age, gender, education level, and frequency of dental visits. The patients were grouped according to gender and divided into 5 age categories. Statistical analysis was made by descriptive statistics, two-proportion z test, analysis of variance, Tukey's Honestly Significant Difference test, and Scheffé test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean DAS score was 9.52 (SD 4.08) for females, 7.96 (SD 3.30) for males, and 8.76 (SD 3.80) for the total sample. There was no statistically significant difference between the mean DAS scores of age groups. Patients with a primary school education and those who had never visited the dentist had the highest anxiety scores. According to the DFS, the most felt autonomic response was increased heart rate, and the most fear-producing stimuli were the sight of the needle (25.1%) and sensation of the injection (24.1%). Of the patients 10.5% avoided calling for an appointment, and 4.9% canceled or did not appear for appointment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some patients are afraid of some of the stimuli involved with dental treatment. This could affect the patient-dentist relationship and the dental treatment plan; therefore, before dental treatment, patients' anxiety and fear levels should be assessed.
authors.affiliation: Gazi University, Dental Faculty, Department of Endodontics and Restorative Dentistry, Ankara, Turkey. sherten66@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Hülya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Erten
authors.forename: Zühre Zafersoy
authors.initials: ZZ
authors.lastname: Akarslan
authors.forename: Emre
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bodrumlu
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001071:Appointments and Schedules; D001294:Attitude to Health; D016854:Dental Anxiety / Q000145:classification* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D003729:Dental Care / Q000523:psychology; D003740:Dental Clinics; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009339:Needles; D012677:Sensation / Q000502:physiology; D012737:Sex Factors