title: Cancer specific outcomes in patients with pT0 disease following radical cystectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We assessed clinical outcomes in patients found to have no evidence of disease, ie pT0, in the cystectomy specimen following radical cystectomy for transitional cell carcinoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between 1984 and 2003, 955 consecutive patients underwent bilateral pelvic lymphadenectomy and radical cystectomy for bladder cancer at 3 institutions, namely The Johns Hopkins Hospital, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center and Baylor College of Medicine. Excluding nonTCC histology and patients with missing data resulted in 888 evaluable cases. Primary end points were recurrence-free survival and bladder cancer specific survival.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Final pathological evaluation revealed absent transitional cell carcinoma in the cystectomy specimen, ie pT0, in 59 patients (7%), of whom 2 (3%) had pathologically positive lymph nodes. Transurethral resection stage or clinical stage data were available on 56 patients (95%), including Tis in 5 (9%), Ta in 2 (4%), T1 in 18 (32%), T2 in 29 (52%) and T3 in 2 (4%). Overall 6 recurrences (10%) were noted, including cTis in 1 case, cT1 in 1, cT2 in 3 and cT3 in 1. Median followup in patients with pT0 disease was 56 months (range 3 to 183). Three patients (5%) died of bladder cancer and another 4 (7%) died of other causes. Five and 10-year bladder cancer progression-free and cancer specific survival estimates in patients with pT0 disease were 90% and 81%, and 95% and 85%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Despite excellent clinical outcomes in the majority of patients with no evidence of tumor on final pathological evaluation not all patients with pT0 disease in the cystectomy specimen are cured of bladder cancer. These events may even occur in patients with nonmuscle invasive or muscle invasive organ confined pathology at staging transurethral resection. Further study is needed to identify prognostic factors in this population.
authors.affiliation: James Buchanan Brady Urological Institute, The Johns Hopkins Hospital, Baltimore, Maryland, USA. ganesh_palapattu@urmc.rochester.edu
authors.forename: Ganesh S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Palapattu
authors.forename: Shahrokh F
authors.initials: SF
authors.lastname: Shariat
authors.forename: Pierre I
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Karakiewicz
authors.forename: Patrick J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Bastian
authors.forename: Craig G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: Gilad
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Amiel
authors.forename: Yair
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Lotan
authors.forename: Amnon
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Vazina
authors.forename: Amit
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gupta
authors.forename: Arthur I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Sagalowsky
authors.forename: Seth P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Lerner
authors.forename: Mark P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Schoenberg
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D015653:Cystectomy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*