Mandibular fracture: analysis of 293 patients treated in the Hospital of Clinics, Federal University of Uberlândia.
Mandibular fracture is the second most common facial fracture and there has been a significant increase in number of cases in the last years. Misidentification and inadequate treatment can take to permanent aesthetic or functional deformity.


OBJECTIVE
Evaluate cases of mandibular fracture reduction in the Hospital of Clinics of the Federal University of Uberlândia, from January of 1974 to December of 2002.


METHODS
Historical cohort.


METHODS
Two hundred and ninety-three cases of reduction of mandibular fractures were retrospectively analyzed according to factors related to: patient, trauma, signs and symptoms, and surgical treatment.


RESULTS
There has been a clear tendency of increase of the number of mandibular fractures along the years. There was higher prevalence in male (4:1), with occurrence peak between 20 to 29 years old. The principal causes of fracture in this study were traffic accidents and violence, representing 72.4%. One hundred and thirty-five patients presented only one fracture. The most injured sites were, in decreasing order, symphysis, condyle, angle, body, ramus, and coronoid. We performed closed reduction (28), open reduction (213) and association of the two (11 patients); 56.8% of the patients were treated within the first 3 days; and, 50.4% were discharged from the hospital until the first postoperative day. About 10% of the patients presented complications, being osteomyelitis the most frequent one.


CONCLUSIONS
The incidence of mandibular fractures was remarkably larger in the male sex, during the third decade of life. The most common cause was traffic accident, and symphysis and condyle were the most injured sites. Isolated fractures occurred in over half of the cases. Most of the patients were treated in the first three days and were discharged until the first postoperative visit. Closed reduction was the treatment most commonly employed. The most frequent complication was osteomyelitis.
Patrocínio
Lucas Gomes
LG
Service of Otorhinolaryngology, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia, Minas Gerais. lucaspatrocinio@triang.com.br
Patrocínio
José A
JA
Borba
Bruno Henrique Carrijo
BH
Bonatti
Bruno De Santi
Bde S
Pinto
Lauro Figueira
LF
Vieira
Juliana Villela
JV
Costa
José Mariano Carvalho
JM
D000063:Accidents, Traffic / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D001265:Athletic Injuries / Q000453:epidemiology; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008337:Mandibular Fractures / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000601:surgery; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012737:Sex Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014754:Violence / Q000706:statistics & numerical data