title: Blood pressure and urinary sodium excretion in relation to the A-1984G adrenomedullin polymorphism in a Chinese population.
abstract: Adrenomedullin (ADM) is a vasodilator and inhibits salt appetite. An A-to-G substitution at position -1984 in the promoter region of the ADM gene likely increases transcription. We therefore investigated this polymorphism in relation to blood pressure and urinary sodium in a Chinese population. We genotyped 427 Chinese enrolled in a family-based population study. We measured blood pressure by conventional sphygmomanometry and ambulatory monitoring. The frequencies of the ADM AA, AG, and GG genotypes were 50.6, 38.2, and 11.2%, respectively. In adjusted analyses, G allele carriers, compared to AA homozygotes, had significantly lower conventional (45.3 versus 48.5 mm Hg, P = 0.004) and 24-h (42.6 versus 44.3 mm Hg, P = 0.03) pulse pressures and urinary sodium excretion (143.8 versus 159.4 mmol/day, P = 0.03). In parents, but not offspring, both systolic pressure and pulse pressure were significantly (P<0.01) lower in G allele carriers. The genotypic difference in sodium excretion was consistent across the age range. In 68 informative offspring, transmission of the G allele was associated with lower urinary sodium excretion (effect size, 40.1 mmol/day, P = 0.01). In 81 healthy volunteers, the plasma ADM concentration was 15.2% higher in GG homozygotes than in sex- and age-matched AA subjects (11.4 versus 9.9 pmol/l, P = 0.10). In conclusion, in Chinese, the ADM -1984G allele is associated with lower sodium excretion and in older subjects also with lower systolic pressure and narrower pulse pressure.
authors.affiliation: Centre for Epidemiological Studies and Clinical Trials, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Institute of Hypertension, Shanghai Second Medical University, Shanghai, China.
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Staessen
authors.forename: L-H
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: P-J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Thijs
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Brand-Herrmann
authors.forename: D-L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: J-G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D053607:Adrenomedullin; D000375:Aging; D044466:Asian People / Q000235:genetics; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D002681:China; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010290:Parents; D010455:Peptides / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011674:Pulse; D012016:Reference Values; D012964:Sodium / Q000652:urine*; D013599:Systole
chemical_list: D010455:Peptides; D053607:Adrenomedullin; D012964:Sodium