title: Thyrotropin receptor epitopes and their relation to histocompatibility leukocyte antigen-DR molecules in Graves' disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Graves' disease (GD) is characterized by autoimmunity to the TSH receptor (TSHR).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We sought to identify T cell epitopes in TSHR that initiate this immune response and their interaction with human histocompatibility leukocyte antigen (HLA) molecules predisposing to GD.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined the affinity of 31 overlapping peptides spanning the TSHR extracellular domain for binding in vitro to five purified HLA-DR molecules; DRB1*0101 (DR1), DRB1*1501 (DR2), DRB1*0301 (DR3), DRB1*1101 (DR5), and DRB1*0701 (DR7). We scanned the TSHR extracellular domain using a T cell epitope-mapping algorithm, EpiMatrix. We compared these results with clinical studies of GD patients measuring in vitro T cell responses to the peptides.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study was conducted at a university laboratory.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients included 200 serial adult clinic patients with GD.
  
  
  METHODS
  There were no interventions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Binding affinity of epitopes, predicted affinity, and reported T cell stimulation data were measured.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Most peptides bound with intermediate or high affinity to one or more HLA-DR molecule. Peptides binding to HLA-DR3 and HLA-DR5, which predispose to GD, exhibited moderate binding affinities overall, whereas most peptides binding to GD-protective HLA-DR7 bound with high affinity. These differences may relate to T cell selection in the thymus. Binding affinity of peptides correlated strongly with EpiMatrix-predicted affinity for HLA-DRB1*0101, DRB1*1501, DR3, and DRB1*0701 but not HLA-DR5. Average IC(50) values correlated significantly with clinical T cell stimulation data.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Three different methods for identifying immunogenic peptides did not provide a uniform picture of important TSHR epitopes. However, peptide 132-150 (GIFNTGLKMFPDLTKVYST) was identified by three methods as an important epitope in GD; the possible importance of peptides 145-163, 158-176, 207-222, 248-263, 272-291, and 343-362 was also identified.
authors.affiliation: Brown University/Medicine/Endocrinology, Box G, Room E-308, 70 Ship Street, Providence, Rhode Island 02903, USA.
authors.forename: Hidefumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Inaba
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: Anne S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: De Groot
authors.forename: Shuwen
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Leslie J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: De Groot
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D002460:Cell Line; D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte; D006111:Graves Disease / Q000276:immunology*; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D010446:Peptide Fragments / Q000378:metabolism; D011989:Receptors, Thyrotropin / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D018984:Epitopes, T-Lymphocyte; D006684:HLA-DR Antigens; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D011989:Receptors, Thyrotropin