title: [The detection of protein expression of clusterin and Ki-67 and the status of cell apoptosis in bladder transitional cell carcinoma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the expression of clusterin protein in bladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC) and it's association with tumor cell proliferation and apoptosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A tissue microarray (TMA) containing 87 informative cases of BTCCs was constructed firstly. The methods of immunohistochemistry and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated nick end-labeling were then used to examine the expression of clusterin and Ki-67 protein and the status of cell apoptosis in BTCC, respectively, and the correlations between different markers and the clusterin expression associated with patients' clinico-pathological features were evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In TMA of 87 BTCCs, 37 (43%) cases were observed overexpression of clusterin. A significant association of clusterin expression with BTCC's pathological grade, as well as with tumors clinical stage was observed (P < 0.01), where the frequency of overexpression of clusterin in poor differentiated BTCCs (G(3), 71%) and tumors in more advanced stage (T(2-4), 62%) was significantly higher than that in well differentiated BTCCs (G(1-2), 29%) and tumors in early stage (T(a-1), 28%). In addition, a significant correlation between clusterin expression and tumors apoptotic index (AI) was evaluated (P < 0.01), in which 57% of BTCCs with overexpression of clusterin were observed a lower AI, while 72% of tumors with normal expression of this protein showed a higher AI, but no correlation between clusterin and Ki-67 expression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The overexpression of clusterin is associated positively with BTCC's malignant clinical phenotypes including tumor's differentiation and invasive depth, and it is correlated inversely with AI of tumor cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Jun-hang
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Chang-xi
authors.initials: CX
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Ke-li
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Mei
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D051152:Clusterin / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D020287:In Situ Nick-End Labeling; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D051152:Clusterin; D019394:Ki-67 Antigen