title: Preventive effects of (5R)-5-hydroxytriptolide on concanavalin A-induced hepatitis.
abstract: (5R)-5-hydroxytriptolide (LLDT-8) exhibits strong immunosuppressive activities in vitro and in vivo. Here, we investigated the effects of LLDT-8 on concanavalin A-induced hepatitis. Liver damage was evaluated by serum alanine transaminase (ALT) level and liver histology. The effects of LLDT-8 were determined by measurement of serum cytokines, lymphocyte proliferation assay, flow cytometry analysis of splenic T cell percentage and apoptosis, reverse-transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) analysis for gene transcriptions. In LLDT-8-treated mice, serum ALT level and histological damage were markedly attenuated. The beneficial effect of LLDT-8 was closely associated with (i) reduction of serum tumor necrosis factor-alpha, interferon-gamma (IFN-gamma), interleukin-2, interleukin-12, and interleukin-6 levels; (ii) elimination of activated T cells by increasing proapoptotic genes signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and interferon regulatory factor-1 (IRF-1) expression in spleens; (iii) blockade of mRNA expressions for chemokines (monokine induced by IFN-gamma, Mig; IFN-gamma-inducible protein-10, IP-10; IFN-inducible T cell-alpha chemoattractant, I-TAC), vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), and chemokine receptors (C-C chemokine receptor 1, CCR1; C-C chemokine receptor 5, CCR5; C-X-C chemokine receptor 3, CXCR3) in livers. These results suggested the therapeutic potential of LLDT-8 in IFN-gamma/STAT1/IRF-1 signaling- and inflammatory cytokines-mediated immune disorders.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunopharmacology, State Key Laboratory of Drug Research, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Shanghai Institutes for Biological Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 555 Zuchongzhi Road, Shanghai 201203, PR China.
authors.forename: Ru
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Yong-Xin
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Ren
authors.forename: Pei-Lan
authors.initials: PL
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Yi-Fu
authors.initials: YF
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Yuan-Chao
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Jian-Ping
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Zuo
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D056486:Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003208:Concanavalin A; D016207:Cytokines / Q000097:blood; D004224:Diterpenes / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: C509074:5-hydroxytriptolide; D016207:Cytokines; D004224:Diterpenes; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D050856:Interferon Regulatory Factor-1; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D050794:STAT1 Transcription Factor; D003208:Concanavalin A; D007371:Interferon-gamma; D000410:Alanine Transaminase