title: CREB transcription factor modulates Bcl2 transcription in response to C5a in HL-60-derived neutrophils.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Complement fragment C5a and neutrophils have been implicated in the pathogenesis of renal disease and C5a has also been shown to delay apoptosis of human neutrophils via a transcription-independent pathway. However, transcription-dependent pathways have not been well described. The present study examined whether activation of HL-60-derived neutrophils by C5a modulates the transcription of two members of the Bcl2 family, Bax (pro-apoptotic) and Bcl2 (anti-apoptotic) molecules, and whether the cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) transcription factor mediates these effects through the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3K)/Akt and extra-cellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) signalling pathways.
  
  
  METHODS
  The human promyelocytic leukaemia HL-60 cell line was differentiated into neutrophils using 1.25% DMSO. Differentiated cells were incubated with recombinant human C5a for 30-120 min with, or without, pretreatment with wortmannin or PD98059. The cells were lysed and quantified for gene-specific Bax and Bcl2 mRNA. In separate experiments, cells were incubated with C5a for 5-30 min with, or without, pretreatment with wortmannin, PD98059, or alkaline phosphatase. Cells were then lysed and immunoblotted using antihuman phospho-CREB (Ser133) antibody. Apoptosis was assessed by measuring active caspase-3 in differentiated HL-60 cells.
  
  
  RESULTS
  C5a inhibited caspase-3 activation in HL-60-derived neutrophils (P=0.003). C5a significantly increased the expression of Bcl2 mRNA (P=0.028), which was time-dependent, peaking at 30 min, and was abrogated in the presence of either wortmannin or PD98059 (both P=0.028). The C5a had no impact on Bax mRNA expression. The Bax : Bcl2 mRNA ratio markedly decreased at 30 min (P=0.028). Time-dependent effect of C5a on CREB phosphorylation was demonstrable and rapid, peaking at 5 min, and was abrogated by either wortmannin or PD98059 (both P=0.028). Phosphorylation of CREB, but not of Akt and ERK, was inhibited by alkaline phosphatase (P=0.028). The effect of C5a on Bcl2 mRNA expression was abrogated by alkaline phosphatase (P=0.028). The Bax : Bcl2 mRNA ratio markedly increased in the presence of alkaline phosphatase (P=0.046).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that C5a induces Bcl2 mRNA transcription in HL-60-derived neutrophils, which is mediated in part by CREB through the convergence of the PI3K/Akt and ERK-signalling pathways.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Tufts University School of Medicine, and Department of Medicine, Caritas St. Elizabeth's Medical Center, Boston, MA 02135, USA.
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Perianayagam
authors.forename: N E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Madias
authors.forename: B J G
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Pereira
authors.forename: B L
authors.initials: BL
authors.lastname: Jaber
mesh_terms: D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000494:pharmacology; D017209:Apoptosis; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D015936:Complement C5a / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein / Q000502:physiology*; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D019254:Genes, bcl-2; D018922:HL-60 Cells; D006801:Humans; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D015398:Signal Transduction; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000502:physiology; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: C115163:CREB1 protein, human; D017362:Cyclic AMP Response Element-Binding Protein; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D015936:Complement C5a; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; C505407:CASP3 protein, human; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases