title: Persistence of Helicobacter pylori in the oral cavity after systemic eradication therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study aimed to evaluate if the oral cavity of chronic periodontitis patients can harbor Helicobacter pylori after systemic eradication therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Samples of 30 patients (15 with gingivitis and 15 with chronic periodontitis) positive for H. pylori in the stomach were evaluated. Samples were collected 3 months after triple systemic antibiotic therapy from saliva, microbiota from the dorsum of the tongue, supra- and sub-gingival plaque as well as gastric biopsies. DNA of each sample was extracted by the boiling method and used as a template in polymerase chain reaction with the primers JW22/23.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighteen patients (60%) harboured H. pylori in their mouths. Five patients (16.6%) were positive in saliva, two (6.6%) on the dorsum of the tongue, nine (30%) in supra-gingival plaque, 14 (46.6%) in sub-gingival plaque and three (10%) in the stomach. There was no statistically significant difference between study groups.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Eradication of H. pylori after therapy was more effective for the stomach than for the mouth (p<0.001). Mouths of patients with gingivitis or with chronic periodontitis, who are positive for H. pylori in their stomachs, may be considered as reservoirs of these bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Stomatology, Division of Periodontology, School of Dentistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. gebar@uol.com.br
authors.forename: E C E
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Gebara
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Faria
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pannuti
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chehter
authors.forename: M P A
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Mayer
authors.forename: L A P A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Lima
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D003773:Dental Plaque / Q000382:microbiology; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D005756:Gastritis / Q000188:drug therapy; D005891:Gingivitis / Q000382:microbiology; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D050296:Microbial Viability / Q000187:drug effects*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009055:Mouth / Q000382:microbiology*; D010518:Periodontitis / Q000382:microbiology*; D012463:Saliva / Q000382:microbiology; D013270:Stomach / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D004269:DNA, Bacterial