title: Invited commentary.
authors.affiliation: Division of Thoracic Surgery, National Cancer Institute, Pascale Foundation, Via Semmola 81, 80131 Naples, Italy. gaetano.rocco@btopenworld.com
authors.forename: Gaetano
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rocco
mesh_terms: D015897:Comorbidity; D005541:Forced Expiratory Volume; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D029424:Pulmonary Disease, Chronic Obstructive / Q000453:epidemiology*; D018570:Risk Assessment