title: Amblyopia.
abstract: Results from recent randomised clinical trials in amblyopia should change our approach to screening for and treatment of amblyopia. Based on the current evidence, if one screening session is used, screening at school entry could be the most reasonable time. Clinicians should preferably use age-appropriate LogMAR acuity tests, and treatment should only be considered for children who are clearly not in the typical range for their age. Any substantial refractive error should be corrected before further treatment is considered and the child should be followed in spectacles until no further improvement is recorded, which can take up to 6 months. Parents and carers should then be offered an informed choice between patching and atropine drops. Successful patching regimens can last as little as 1 h or 2 h a day, and successful atropine regimens as little as one drop twice a week. Intense and extended regimens might not be needed in initial therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Mayo Clinic College of Medicine, Rochester, MN 55905, USA. holmes.jonathan@mayo.edu
authors.forename: Jonathan M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Holmes
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Clarke
mesh_terms: D000550:Amblyopia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy; D001285:Atropine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001458:Bandages; D002675:Child, Preschool; D006801:Humans; D009184:Mydriatics / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010349:Patient Compliance; D012030:Refractive Errors; D015351:Vision Screening; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D009184:Mydriatics; D001285:Atropine