title: Cinnamaldehyde reduction of platelet aggregation and thrombosis in rodents.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cinnamaldehyde (CA) has been reported to inhibit in vitro aggregation in human and rabbit platelets; however, little is known about the antithrombotic activities of CA in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  We tested the effects of CA on collagen- or thrombin-induced aggregation of rat platelets in vitro. Hemorrhage and coagulation times of mice treated with CA by the tail-cutting or slide method were measured. We also tested the life-saving effects of CA on experimental models of thrombosis in mice and rats. The anti-platelet effects of CA were examined in rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CA inhibited collagen- and thrombin-induced platelet aggregation in vitro in a concentration-dependent manner. In mice, CA administration (250, 500 mg/kg orally and 50, 100 mg/kg i.p.) markedly prolonged hemorrhage and coagulation times and effectively reduced the mortality rate of collagen-epinephrine-induced acute pulmonary thromboembolism. In an arteriovenous shunt thrombosis rat model, the CA administration (250, 500 mg/kg orally and 50, 100 mg/kg i.p.) for 10 days dose-dependently decreased thrombus weight. Administration of CA also significantly inhibited collagen-induced platelet aggregation in the rat platelet-rich plasma (PRP).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results demonstrate that CA may be a promising antithrombotic agent, and its antithrombotic activity may be due to anti-platelet aggregation activity in vitro and in vivo.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Materia Medica, School of pharmacy, Fourth Military Medical University, 17 Changlexi Street, Xi'an 710032, China.
authors.forename: Jingqun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Siwang
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Xiaoxing
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: Yanhua
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xie
authors.forename: Xinyou
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
mesh_terms: D000171:Acrolein / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D001760:Bleeding Time; D003094:Collagen / Q000633:toxicity; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005421:Flavoring Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010974:Platelet Aggregation / Q000187:drug effects*; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D053657:Platelet-Rich Plasma; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D011817:Rabbits; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013927:Thrombosis / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005421:Flavoring Agents; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D000171:Acrolein; D003094:Collagen; C012843:cinnamaldehyde