title: Effect of treatment with nebivolol on parameters of oxidative stress in type 2 diabetics with mild to moderate hypertension.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine the effect of the cadioselective B(1)-adrenoceptor blocker nebivolol on glycaemic control, lipid profile and markers of oxidative stress in patients with type 2 diabetes over a 6-month period.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-six patients with mild to moderate hypertension (140-160 mmHg systolic, 90-105 mmHg diastolic) confirmed on 24-h blood pressure monitoring, were treated with nebivolol 5 mg daily for 6 months. Total serum cholesterol, triglycerides, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) subfractions, lipid hydroperoxides (LHPs) and total antioxidant capacity (TAC) were measured before and after 6 months of treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nebivolol, as expected, reduced mean daytime systolic and diastolic pressures on ambulatory monitoring (149 +/- 9 to 140 +/- 13 mmHg, P = 0.02 and 84 +/- 7 to 77 +/- 9 mmHg, P < 0.001). There were no significant changes in serum cholesterol or triglycerides following treatment but a significant increase in HDL cholesterol was noted (1.12 +/- 0.19 to 1.25 +/- 0.36 mmol/L, P = 0.008). Patients showed a highly significant reduction in TAC from 501 +/- 57 to 422 +/- 29 trolox equivalent (P < 0.001). Baseline LHPs were very high and showed no significant change over the 6-month period (18.7 +/- 7.4 and 18.7 +/- 10.9 micromol/L). The LDL score increased significantly from 1.7 +/- 0.7 to 2.3 +/- 0.7 (P = 0.0002) at 6 months suggesting a change to a more atherogenic lipid profile. Neither weight nor glycaemic control changed during treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nebivolol appears to be lipid neutral and may even have a positive effect on HDL cholesterol. Despite this it may promote the formation of potentially atherogenic LDL subfractions possibly as a result of reduced antioxidant defences. Further studies are needed to clarify the changes observed in parameters of oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: University Hospital Birmingham NHS Trust, Selly Oak, Birmingham, UK.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Peter
authors.forename: U
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Dunne
mesh_terms: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001578:Benzopyrans / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000150:complications*; D004983:Ethanolamines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications* / Q000188:drug therapy; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000097:blood; D000068577:Nebivolol; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D001578:Benzopyrans; D004983:Ethanolamines; D008074:Lipoproteins; D000068577:Nebivolol; D002784:Cholesterol