title: Gender change and its impact on the course of multiple sclerosis.
abstract: We report the case of a 22-years old genotypic women suffering from a relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS) according to the Poser criteria. In this patient, a gender change had been performed by androgen-supplementation and surgical intervention. During gender change, the patient experienced further relapses. Different immunomodulatory and immunosuppressive treatment strategies did not stabilise the course of MS in this patient. Actually, an escalating therapy with mitoxantrone has been initiated. During the observation period the patient received long-term testosterone-supplementation. Testosterone levels were elevated in the serum of this genotypic female MS patient under such a hormonal treatment compared to normal ranges before. The clinical course of the patient is presented in this case. As there are several studies investigating an immunomodulatory impact of hormones on the course of MS or experimental allergic encephalomyelitis, we discuss the presented case and a possible influence of androgens in this patient.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany. dirk.reske@uk-koeln.de
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Reske
authors.forename: W F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Haupt
authors.forename: H F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Petereit
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000728:Androgens / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018450:Disease Progression; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D005836:Genitalia, Female / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D020528:Multiple Sclerosis, Chronic Progressive / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D013739:Testosterone / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D013739:Testosterone