title: Application of cardiopulmonary bypass for resection of renal cell carcinoma and adrenocortical carcinoma extending into the right atrium.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The application of cardiopulmonary bypass to atrial involvement represents an important advance that has improved the safety and technical efficacy of a difficult surgical undertaking. Our experiences of the management of extended thrombi into the right atrium in patients with retroperitoneal malignancy using a cardiopulmonary bypass were discussed.
  
  
  METHODS
  Data were reviewed for five patients (two men and three women; mean age, 60.4 years; range, 49-79 years) with retroperitoneal tumors displaying intracardiac tumor extension. Tumors originated in the right kidney in four patients, and in left adrenal gland in one patient. Cardiopulmonary bypass was used in all cases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean total blood loss was 6059 mL. Mean operative time was 14.7 h. No intra- or postoperative complications due to surgical technique were encountered, and no significant bleeding occurred during incision of the inferior vena cava or after removal of tumor thrombus. The follow-up period ranged from 3 to 20 months with a mean of 12.6 months. Of the five patients, three died of metastatic diseases, one died of liver dysfunction and one remains disease free as of 18 months postoperatively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our experience indicates that this procedure can be safely used for atrial involvement. Although superior long-term survival cannot be shown yet, favorable early results and a lack of perioperative complications were identified.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, Ehime University School of Medicine, Tohon City, Ehime, Japan.
authors.forename: Tatsumasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ochi
authors.forename: Nozomu
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tanji
authors.forename: Kenji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Shimamoto
authors.forename: Tetsuhiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikeda
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Toshino
authors.forename: Masayoshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yokoyama
mesh_terms: D000306:Adrenal Cortex Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D018268:Adrenocortical Carcinoma / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D000368:Aged; D002292:Carcinoma, Renal Cell / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006325:Heart Atria; D006338:Heart Neoplasms / Q000556:secondary / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007680:Kidney Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016896:Treatment Outcome