title: Photodynamic therapy of acne vulgaris using methyl aminolaevulinate: a blinded, randomized, controlled trial.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inflammatory acne vulgaris is a very common condition, particularly in adolescents and young adults, and new effective and well-tolerated treatments are needed.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the efficacy and tolerability of methyl aminolaevulinate-based photodynamic therapy (MAL-PDT) in patients with moderate to severe facial acne vulgaris in a randomized, controlled and investigator-blinded trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty-one patients were assigned to the treatment group and 15 patients to the control group. The treatment group received two MAL-PDT treatments, 2 weeks apart. Both groups were evaluated 4, 8 and 12 weeks after treatment. Efficacy evaluation included changes from baseline in numbers of noninflammatory and inflammatory lesions, changes from baseline in global acne severity grade and clinical assessments of clinical improvement by patient and evaluating dermatologist. Pain scores during treatment and local adverse effects were also evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Twelve weeks after treatment the treatment group showed a 68% reduction from baseline in inflammatory lesions vs. no change in the control group (P=0.0023). We found no reduction in number of noninflammatory lesions after treatment. All patients experienced moderate to severe pain during treatment and developed severe erythema, pustular eruptions and epithelial exfoliation. Seven patients did not receive the second treatment due to adverse effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MAL-PDT proved to be an efficient treatment for inflammatory acne. The treatment was associated with severe pain during treatment and severe adverse effects after treatments. Efforts must be made to optimize the treatment regimen and to avoid adverse effects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, University of Copenhagen, Bispebjerg Bakke 23, DK-2400 Copenhagen NV, Denmark. srw01@bbh.hosp.dk
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Wiegell
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Wulf
mesh_terms: D000152:Acne Vulgaris / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; C475457:methyl 5-aminolevulinate; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid