Gonorrhea prevention and clinical care in the private sector: lessons learned and priorities for quality improvement.
We reviewed literature on gonorrhea prevention and clinical care in the private sector, the setting where most gonorrhea cases in the United States are now diagnosed. Although most private-sector health settings had a low prevalence of gonorrhea (0.1-2.5%), some private emergency departments and specialty clinics that serve a large number of high-risk or infected patients had prevalences ranged from 1.7% to 11.0%. Studies of diverse settings and populations suggest that, in general, diagnostic testing of symptomatic patients (69-83%), appropriate treatment (61-100%), and case reporting (64-94%) are delivered more commonly than risk assessment for asymptomatic patients (15-28%), routine screening of pregnant women (31-77%), risk-reduction counseling (35-78%), and sex partner management (0-82%). To sustain the recent declines in gonorrhea incidence in the United States, private-sector providers and health systems must continue to offer gonorrhea prevention and clinical services and consider implementing interventions to improve delivery of risk assessment, risk-reduction counseling, and partner management services.
Tao
Guoyu
G
Health Services Research & Evaluation Branch, Division of STD Prevention, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, 1600 Clifton Road NE, Atlanta, GA 30333, USA. gat3@cdc.gov
Irwin
Kathleen L
KL
D003955:Diagnostic Tests, Routine / Q000592:standards; D005260:Female; D006069:Gonorrhea / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening / Q000379:methods; D009344:Neisseria gonorrhoeae / Q000276:immunology; D015995:Prevalence; D011331:Private Practice / Q000592:standards*; D011785:Quality Assurance, Health Care; D012698:Serologic Tests / Q000592:standards*; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology