Factors predicting the outcome of primary clubfoot surgery.
BACKGROUND
We aimed to determine the rate of further surgery, the functional outcome and the factors associated with outcome after primary clubfoot surgery.


METHODS
We conducted a retrospective study of a cohort of all children who were less than 2 years of age at the time of surgery for idiopathic clubfoot deformity at the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Ont., a tertiary care pediatric hospital. Of the 91 families who could be contacted, 63 agreed to return. The children's charts were reviewed, and their feet were given a Functional Rating System (FRS) score.


RESULTS
Of the original operated population (n = 126), 75% were male and 41% had bilateral clubfoot. The average age at the time of surgery was 8 months, and the mean follow-up was 80.6 months. Further surgery was performed in 19% of cases. The mean FRS outcome score was 79. On average, the FRS score increased by 1.9 points as age at the time of surgery increased by 1 month. Only the presurgical talocalcaneal index was associated with the need for further surgery.


CONCLUSIONS
The need for further surgery was 19% overall. Children who had surgery closer to 12 months of age had better functional results. Therefore, surgery should probably be performed in the second, rather than the first, 6 months of life.
Templeton
Peter A
PA
Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON.
Flowers
Mark J
MJ
Latz
Kevin H
KH
Stephens
Derek
D
Cole
William G
WG
Wright
James G
JG
D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003025:Clubfoot / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019637:Orthopedic Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D016059:Range of Motion, Articular; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome