title: Hormone replacement treatment in Turner syndrome.
abstract: Turner syndrome is one of the most common sex chromosome abnormalities with an incidence of 1:2500 female newborns, characterized by short stature, gonadal dysgenesis in 85-90% of cases, special neurocognitive profiles and cardiac and renal abnormalities. Hormone replacement treatment should be initiated at a physiological age in these patients who do not enter puberty spontaneously and should be continued up to the age of normal menopause. The age-appropriate and adequate initiation of hormone replacement therapy has many beneficial effects in many aspects such as: the development of secondary sexual characteristics at an age-appropriate time; better psychosocial functioning and integration in the peer group during adolescence; the improvement of bone mineral density; normal uterine growth; and, therefore, the possibility of the accomplishment of an uneventful pregnancy after assisted reproduction and the fulfillment of motherhood. It is crucial that these women understand that hormone replacement is a long-term treatment.
authors.affiliation: Pediatric Endocrinology -- Juvenile Diabetes, Unit of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, First Department of Pediatrics, University of Athens, "Agia Sophia" Children's Hospital, Athens, Greece. ganten@hol.gr
authors.forename: Christina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kanaka-Gantenbein
mesh_terms: D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D003071:Cognition / Q000502:physiology; D015914:Estrogen Replacement Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000502:physiology; D014424:Turner Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014599:Uterus / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D019382:Human Growth Hormone