title: Evaluation of the Cepheid GeneXpert system for detecting Bacillus anthracis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Cepheid GeneXpert is a four-site, automated sample preparation and real-time PCR detection system. In this study, the capability of the GeneXpert to isolate and detect nucleic acid from Bacillus anthracis Ames spores was assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A four-plex, dried-down bead cartridge containing PCR reagents specific for the pXO1 and pXO2 plasmids as well as sample processing and inhibition controls was evaluated. For B. anthracis Ames spores harbouring pXO1 and pXO2, samples containing 68 CFU per ml (148 spores per ml) were positive in all four replicates. A limited cross-reactivity panel, which included closely related Bacillus species, was also tested to determine the specificity of the pXO1 and pXO2 assays. No cross-reactivity occurred. Further, B. anthracis Sterne spore samples were analysed to compare results when processed using the GeneXpert to those run directly on the Cepheid SmartCycler without sample processing. The GeneXpert detection capability was three logs lower than the SmartCycler indicating the benefit of incorporating a nucleic acid extraction procedure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that the GeneXpert is a rapid and reliable system for simultaneously detecting the B. anthracis virulence plasmids pXO1 and pXO2.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The GeneXpert is the only platform currently available that is capable of both nucleic acid purification and real-time PCR detection enclosed within a single system. Further, all sample manipulations are automated, thus reducing errors associated with manual processing.
authors.affiliation: Diagnostic Systems Division, United States Army Medical Research Institute of Infectious Diseases, Frederick, MD 21702-5011, USA.
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Ulrich
authors.forename: D R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Christensen
authors.forename: S R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Coyne
authors.forename: P D
authors.initials: PD
authors.lastname: Craw
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Henchal
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Sakai
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Swenson
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tholath
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: A F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Weir
authors.forename: D A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Norwood
mesh_terms: D001408:Bacillus anthracis / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D001431:Bacteriological Techniques / Q000379:methods; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003429:Cross Reactions; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D013171:Spores, Bacterial
chemical_list: D004269:DNA, Bacterial