title: In Vivo and In Vitro Studies on gamma-Aminobutyric Acid Metabolism with the Radish Plant (Raphanus sativus, L.).
abstract: Labeled glutamate was rapidly converted to gamma-aminobutyrate in intact, excised radish (Raphanus sativus L., var. Champion) leaves. Labeled gamma-aminobutyrate was metabolized via succinate and the Krebs cycle and was not carboxylated to form glutamate. Administration of carbon-14 and tritium-labeled succinate indicated that less than 10% of the gamma-aminobutyrate formation occurs by amination of succinic semialdehyde. Therefore, most gamma-aminobutyrate formation must be via glutamate decarboxylation.Radish leaf extracts were more active in catalyzing transamination between gamma-aminobutyrate and pyruvate than that between gamma-aminobutyrate and alpha-ketoglutarate. Glutamate decarboxylase was approximately 20 times more active than gamma-aminobutyrate: pyruvate transaminase. Succinic semialdehyde dehydrogenase was found in the extracts, and NAD was much more active as a hydrogen acceptor than NADP. No reduction of succinate to succinic semialdehyde by the NAD-linked dehydrogenase could be demonstrated. The following pH optima were determined: glutamate decarboxylase, 5.9; gamma-aminobutyrate: pyruvate transaminase, 8.9; succinic semialdehyde: NAD dehydrogenase, about 9.0.
authors.affiliation: United States Plant, Soil and Nutrition Laboratory, Soil and Water Conservation Research Division, Agricultural Research Service, United States Department of Agriculture, and Section of Genetics, Development, and Physiology, Division of Biological Sciences, Cornell University, Ithaca, New York 14850.
authors.forename: J G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Streeter
authors.forename: J F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Thompson