title: Impairment on cardiac output and blood flow adjustments to exercise in L-NAME-induced hypertensive rats.
abstract: The objective of the present study was to investigate cardiovascular adjustments at rest, during exercise, and 1 hour after exercise among nitric oxide (NO) blockade-induced hypertensive rats. Male Wistar rats (308 +/- 9 g) assigned as normotensive (n = 9) and hypertensive (N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester, n = 11) underwent a bout of exercise. Arterial pressure (AP) and blood oxygen saturation were measured. Colored microspheres were used to evaluate blood flow and cardiac output (CO). Hypertensive rats (143 +/- 5 vs. 102 +/- 4 mmHg in normotensive rats), who presented reduced CO (57 +/- 6 vs. 102 +/- 7 mL/min in normotensive), also presented diminished blood flow in kidney, lung, and muscles at rest in comparison with normotensive rats. Exercise increased AP (20%), heart rate (40%), and CO (32%) among the normotensive rats, whereas the hypertensive rats presented an increased heart rate (40%) accompanied by a reduced venous oxygen saturation (45.5 +/- 2.1% vs. 75 +/- 0.7% in normotensive rats). Muscle vasodilatation, which was observed among the normotensive rats and is considered a hallmark adjustment to exercise, was not observed among the hypertensive rats. After a 1-hour interval from exercise most of the evaluated parameters returned to basal values. In conclusion, exercise did not cause an increase in CO, AP, or blood flow to skeletal muscle in hypertensive rats. However, it was associated with a significant increase in the arterio-venous oxygen content difference in NO-blocked rats, thus suggesting that hypertension associated with impairment in NO release induced different cardiovascular adjustments to exercise.
authors.affiliation: Hypertension Unit, Heart Institute (INCOR), University of São Paulo, Medical School, Brazil. prof.kangelis@usjt.br
authors.forename: Kátia
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: De Angelis
authors.forename: Tânia
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ogawa
authors.forename: Iris C
authors.initials: IC
authors.lastname: Sanches
authors.forename: Katya Vianna
authors.initials: KV
authors.lastname: Rigatto
authors.forename: Eduardo M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Krieger
authors.forename: Maria-Cláudia
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Irigoyen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002302:Cardiac Output; D006973:Hypertension / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000503:physiopathology*; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply*; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester / Q000494:pharmacology; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000502:physiology*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010101:Oxygen Consumption; D010805:Physical Conditioning, Animal; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012079:Renal Circulation; D014655:Vascular Resistance
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide; D010100:Oxygen; D019331:NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester