Cost-effectiveness of asthma control: an economic appraisal of the GOAL study.
BACKGROUND
The Gaining Optimal Asthma ControL (GOAL) study has shown the superiority of a combination of salmeterol/fluticasone propionate (SFC) compared with fluticasone propionate alone (FP) in terms of improving guideline defined asthma control.


METHODS
Clinical and economic data were taken from the GOAL study, supplemented with data on health related quality of life, in order to estimate the cost per quality adjusted life year (QALY) results for each of three strata (previously corticosteroid-free, low- and moderate-dose corticosteroid users). A series of statistical models of trial outcomes was used to construct cost effectiveness estimates across the strata of the multinational GOAL study including adjustment to the UK experience. Uncertainty was handled using the non-parametric bootstrap. Cost-effectiveness was compared with other treatments for chronic conditions.


RESULTS
Salmeterol/fluticasone propionate improved the proportion of patients achieving totally and well-controlled weeks resulting in a similar QALY gain across the three strata of GOAL. Additional costs of treatment were greatest in stratum 1 and least in stratum 3, with some of the costs offset by reduced health care resource use. Cost-effectiveness by stratum was 7600 pound (95% CI: 4800-10,700 pound) per QALY gained for stratum 3; 11,000 pound (8600-14,600 pound) per QALY gained for stratum 2; and 13,700 pound (11,000-18,300 pound) per QALY gained for stratum 1.


CONCLUSIONS
The GOAL study previously demonstrated the improvement in total control associated with the use of SFC compared with FP alone. This study suggests that this improvement in control is associated with cost-per-QALY figures that compare favourably with other uses of scarce health care resources.
Briggs
A H
AH
Public Health & Health Policy, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK.
Bousquet
J
J
Wallace
M V
MV
Busse
W W
WW
Clark
T J H
TJ
Pedersen
S E
SE
Bateman
E D
ED
D000420:Albuterol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000730:Androstadienes / Q000191:economics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001249:Asthma / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics*; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents / Q000191:economics* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003362:Cost-Benefit Analysis / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004338:Drug Combinations; D000068298:Fluticasone; D000068297:Fluticasone-Salmeterol Drug Combination; D006801:Humans; D015233:Models, Statistical; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000191:economics* / Q000379:methods; D011788:Quality of Life; D019057:Quality-Adjusted Life Years; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D006113:United Kingdom
D000730:Androstadienes; D001993:Bronchodilator Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; D000068297:Fluticasone-Salmeterol Drug Combination; D000068298:Fluticasone; D000420:Albuterol