Prokaryotic Kdp-ATPase: recent insights into the structure and function of KdpB.
P-type ATPases are amongst the most abundant enzymes that are responsible for active transport of ions across biological membranes. Within the last 5 years a detailed picture of the structure and function of these transport ATPases has emerged. Here, we report on the recent progress in elucidating the molecular mechanism of a unique, prokaryotic member of P-type ATPases, the Kdp-ATPase. The review focuses on the catalytic parts of the central subunit, KdpB. The structure of the nucleotide-binding domain was solved by NMR spectroscopy at high resolution and a model of the nucleotide-binding mode was presented. The nucleotide turned out to be 'clipped' into the binding pocket by a pi-pi interaction to F377 on one side and a cation-pi interaction to K395 on the other. The 395KGXXD/E motif and thus the nucleotide-binding mode seems to be conserved in all P-type ATPases, except the heavy metal-transporting (class IB) ATPases. Hence, it can be concluded that KdpB is currently misgrouped as class IA. Mutational studies on two highly conserved residues (D583 and K586) in the transmembrane helix 5 of KdpB revealed that they are indispensable in coupling ATP hydrolysis to ion translocation. Based on these results, two possible pathways for the reaction cycle are discussed.
Haupt
Melina
M
Institut für Organische Chemie und Biochemie, Technische Universität Munchen, Garching, Germany.
Bramkamp
Marc
M
Coles
Murray
M
Kessler
Horst
H
Altendorf
Karlheinz
K
D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000378:metabolism; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D020134:Catalytic Domain / Q000502:physiology; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D017136:Ion Transport / Q000502:physiology; D008958:Models, Molecular; D010802:Phylogeny; D021122:Protein Subunits / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism
D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D027682:Cation Transport Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D021122:Protein Subunits; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; C058166:potassium translocating Kdp-ATPase, E coli