title: Detecting the limits of bronchial closure methods in an animal model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bronchopleural fistula is a serious complication of major lung resections that may lead to mortality. An experimental animal model was designed to find out the safest bronchial closure method by comparing leakage rates under pressure.
  
  
  METHODS
  The tracheobronchial trees of 50 freshly dead sheep were prepared for either manual closure or closure with a stapler. After left pneumonectomy, the specimens were divided into five groups (n = 10); 3/0 Premilene suture was used with two "u" sutures + interrupted sutures in Group I; in Group II, 3/0 Premilene sutures with continuous horizontal mattress + over-over continuous sutures were used. In Group III and IV the same techniques were used with 3/0 Vicryl. A stapler was used in Group V. Specimens were intubated with an endotracheal tube, connected to a sphygmomanometer, and subsequently positioned under water. The pressure level at which we detected air bubbles indicated the limits of the technique.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The median leakage pressure resistance was significantly lower in Group III (135 mm Hg) ( P = 0.001). The best results were achieved by using the continuous horizontal mattress + over-over continuous suture technique. No statistical significance difference was found between the stapler group, Groups I, II, and IV in terms of median leakage pressures.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This trial suggests that manual suture closure using an appropriate technique and monofilament materials is as safe as the stapler.
authors.affiliation: Department of Thoracic Surgery, Heybeliada Chest Disease and Thoracic Surgery Training and Research Centre, Istanbul, Turkey. mdcagatay@hotmail.com
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tezel
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Urek
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Keles
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kiral
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Koşar
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dudu
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Arman
mesh_terms: D000399:Air Pressure; D000818:Animals; D001980:Bronchi / Q000601:surgery*; D001983:Bronchial Fistula / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D010995:Pleural Diseases / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control; D011013:Pneumonectomy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D011897:Random Allocation; D012756:Sheep; D013528:Surgical Staplers; D013536:Suture Techniques