title: Common problems of urination in nonpregnant women: causes, current management, and prevention strategies.
abstract: This article uses a case-based approach to review common problems of urination in nonpregnant women, including overactive bladder; stress, urge, and mixed incontinence; and retention and prolapse. Up-to-date clinical issues related to assessment, diagnosis, treatment, and follow-up are reviewed, with a discussion of underlying pathophysiology and prevention strategies. Suggestions are made for relevant curriculum content at both the basic and advanced levels of advanced practice education.
authors.affiliation: University of Massachusetts Medical School, USA. odellk@ummhc.org
authors.forename: Katharine K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: O'Dell
authors.forename: Lisa C
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Labin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001521:Behavior Therapy / Q000379:methods; D004326:Drinking; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010570:Pessaries; D017698:Postmenopause; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*
chemical_list: D018727:Muscarinic Antagonists