title: Molecularly imprinted polymers applied to the clean-up of zearalenone and alpha-zearalenol from cereal and swine feed sample extracts.
abstract: A molecularly imprinted polymer prepared using 1-allylpiperazine (1-ALPP) as the functional monomer, trimethyltrimethacrylate (TRIM) as the crosslinker and the zearalenone (ZON)-mimicking template cyclododecanyl-2,4-dihydroxybenzoate (CDHB) has been applied to the clean-up and preconcentration of this mycotoxin (zearalenone) and a related metabolite, alpha-zearalenol (alpha-ZOL), from cereal and swine feed sample extracts. The extraction of ZON and alpha-ZOL from the food samples was accomplished using pressurized liquid extraction (PLE) with MeOH/ACN (50:50, v/v) as the extraction solvent, at 50 degrees C and 1500 psi. The extracted samples were cleaned up and preconcentrated through the MIP cartridge and analyzed using HPLC with fluorescence detection (lambda (exc)=271/ lambda (em)=452 nm). The stationary phase was a polar endcapped C18 column, and ACN/MeOH/water 10/55/35 (v/v/v, 15 mM ammonium acetate) at a flow rate of 1.0 mL min(-1) was used as the mobile phase. The method was applied to the analysis of ZON and alpha-ZOL in wheat, corn, barley, rye, rice and swine feed samples fortified with 50, 100 and 400 ng g(-1) of both mycotoxins, and it gave recoveries of between 85 and 97% (RSD 2.1-6.7%, n=3) and 87-97% (RSD 2.3-5.6%, n=3) for alpha-ZOL and ZON, respectively. The method was validated using a corn reference material for ZON.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Optical Sensors, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, 28040, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Urraca
authors.forename: María Dolores
authors.initials: MD
authors.lastname: Marazuela
authors.forename: María C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Moreno-Bondi
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed / Q000592:standards*; D000818:Animals; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000592:standards*; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D005506:Food Contamination; D008722:Methods; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D011108:Polymers; D013552:Swine; D015025:Zearalenone / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D015029:Zeranol / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000302:isolation & purification
chemical_list: D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal; D011108:Polymers; C029659:zearalenol; D015025:Zearalenone; D015029:Zeranol