title: KIF4 motor regulates activity-dependent neuronal survival by suppressing PARP-1 enzymatic activity.
abstract: In brain development, apoptosis is a physiological process that controls the final numbers of neurons. Here, we report that the activity-dependent prevention of apoptosis in juvenile neurons is regulated by kinesin superfamily protein 4 (KIF4), a microtubule-based molecular motor. The C-terminal domain of KIF4 is a module that suppresses the activity of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase-1 (PARP-1), a nuclear enzyme known to maintain cell homeostasis by repairing DNA and serving as a transcriptional regulator. When neurons are stimulated by membrane depolarization, calcium signaling mediated by CaMKII induces dissociation of KIF4 from PARP-1, resulting in upregulation of PARP-1 activity, which supports neuron survival. After dissociation from PARP-1, KIF4 enters into the cytoplasm from the nucleus and moves to the distal part of neurites in a microtubule-dependent manner. We suggested that KIF4 controls the activity-dependent survival of postmitotic neurons by regulating PARP-1 activity in brain development.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Graduate School of Medicine, University of Tokyo, Hongo 7-3-1, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan.
authors.forename: Ryosuke
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Midorikawa
authors.forename: Yosuke
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Takei
authors.forename: Nobutaka
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hirokawa
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000502:physiology; D001921:Brain / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000502:physiology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D015220:Calcium Channels / Q000378:metabolism; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D002470:Cell Survival; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D006133:Growth Substances / Q000378:metabolism; D016547:Kinesins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D034622:RNA Interference; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015220:Calcium Channels; D006133:Growth Substances; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000067856:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors; D011993:Recombinant Fusion Proteins; C499321:Parp1 protein, mouse; D000071137:Poly (ADP-Ribose) Polymerase-1; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D054732:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinase Type 2; D017871:Calcium-Calmodulin-Dependent Protein Kinases; C089655:Kif4 protein, mouse; D016547:Kinesins; D002118:Calcium