title: Preventive effect of S-allyl cysteine sulfoxide (alliin) on cardiac marker enzymes and lipids in isoproterenol-induced myocardial injury.
abstract: The present study was designed to evaluate the preventive effect of S-allyl cysteine sulfoxide (SACS) in isoproterenol (ISO)-induced myocardial ischaemia in male Wistar rats. Rats were pretreated with SACS (40 and 80 mg kg(-1) body-weight) for 5 weeks. After the treatment period, ISO (150 mg kg(-1) body-weight) was administered subcutaneously to rats at intervals of 24 h for 2 days. The activities of creatine kinase, creatine kinase-MB, lactate dehydrogenase, aspartate transaminase and alanine transferase were significantly increased in serum and significantly decreased in the hearts of ISO-treated rats. Pretreatment with SACS decreased the activities of these enzymes significantly in serum and significantly increased the activities in heart in ISO-treated rats. The levels of cholesterol, triglycerides and free fatty acids increased in serum and heart, while the levels of phospholipids increased in serum and decreased in heart in ISO-treated rats. SACS pretreatment showed a significant effect on the lipids studied. The activity of 3-hydroxy 3-methyl glutaryl coenzyme A (HMG CoA) reductase was significantly increased and the activity of lecithin cholesterol acyl transferase (LCAT) was significantly reduced in ISO-induced rats. Oral pretreatment with SACS significantly decreased the activity of HMG CoA reductase and significantly increased the activity of LCAT in ISO-induced rats. The levels of plasma thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and hydroperoxides were increased in ISO-treated rats. Pretreatment with SACS significantly decreased the levels of lipidperoxides in ISO-treated rats. The effect at a dose of 80 mg kg(-1) body-weight was more effective than at a dose of 40 mg kg(-1) body-weight and brought back all the biochemical parameters to near normal levels. Thus our study shows that SACS has a lipid-lowering effect in ISO-induced rats. Our study may have clinical relevance.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA-Deemed University, Thirumalaisamudram, Tanjore - 613402, Tamil Nadu, South India.
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sangeetha
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Darlin Quine
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008076:Cholesterol, HDL / Q000097:blood; D015243:Cholesterol, VLDL / Q000097:blood; D003402:Creatine Kinase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D003545:Cysteine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000494:pharmacology; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005737:Garlic; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases / Q000378:metabolism; D007545:Isoproterenol; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D008054:Lipid Peroxides / Q000097:blood; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000097:blood / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000517:prevention & control*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000201:enzymology*; D007862:Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase / Q000378:metabolism; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances / Q000032:analysis; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D008076:Cholesterol, HDL; D015243:Cholesterol, VLDL; D005230:Fatty Acids, Nonesterified; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D008054:Lipid Peroxides; D010743:Phospholipids; D017392:Thiobarbituric Acid Reactive Substances; D014280:Triglycerides; C019242:aliin; D002784:Cholesterol; D006903:Hydroxymethylglutaryl CoA Reductases; D007770:L-Lactate Dehydrogenase; D007862:Phosphatidylcholine-Sterol O-Acyltransferase; D003402:Creatine Kinase; D052279:Creatine Kinase, MB Form; D003545:Cysteine; D007545:Isoproterenol