[Effect of 5-hydroxtryptamine on megakaryocytopoiesis--review].
5-hydroxtryptamine (5-HT, serotonin) has been recognized not only as a neurotransmitter and vasoactive agent, but also as a growth factor. 5-HT mainly binds to 5-HT(2) receptors or 5-HT(1) receptors on cell surface to stimulate cell proliferation through Ras or MAPK pathway in many cell types. It has been reported that 5-HT stimulates megakaryocytopoiesis via 5-HT receptors. The possible mechanism of 5-HT on the proliferation and differentiation of megakaryocytes (MK) has been discussed in this review article. In early stage of megakaryocytopoiesis, 5-HT may bind to 5-HT(2B) receptor on megakaryocytes, and promotes their proliferation and differentiation. In the late stage, 5-HT may involve in the platelet release procedure by inducing nitric oxide (NO) synthesis via 5-HT(2A) receptors. 5-HT can also antagonize the apoptotic effect induced by thrombospondin-1 (TSP-1) which is a platelet alpha granule protein and has synergic effect with platelet-derived growth factor (PDGF) to enhance megakaryocytes proliferation. Therefore, 5-HT is likely to be an important substance in the feedback regulation of thrombopoiesis. In this review the 5-HT and its receptors, 5-HT as cell growth factor, pathway of 5-HT stimulating cell proliferation and influance of 5-HT on MK-progenitor cells were summarized.
Cheng
Yuan-Shan
YS
Department of Hematology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Medical College of Shantou University, Shantou 515041, China.
Liu
Yuan-Sheng
YS
Yang
Mo
M
D006801:Humans; D008533:Megakaryocytes / Q000502:physiology*; D011985:Receptors, Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism*; D044348:Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT2 / Q000378:metabolism; D012701:Serotonin / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*; D034061:Thrombopoiesis / Q000502:physiology*; D013926:Thrombopoietin / Q000502:physiology
D011985:Receptors, Serotonin; D044348:Receptors, Serotonin, 5-HT2; D012701:Serotonin; D013926:Thrombopoietin