title: Changes in the mutagenic and estrogenic activities of 17beta-estradiol after treatment with nitrite.
abstract: We determined the changes in the mutagenic and estrogenic activities of 17beta-estradiol after a nitrite treatment. Nitrite-treated 17beta-estradiol showed mutagenic activities toward Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 100 and TA 98. We confirmed that nitrite-treated 17beta-estradiol generated radicals from the results of an analysis of electron spin resonance. By applying an instrumental analysis, we identified 2-nitro-17beta-estradiol to have been formed in the reaction mixture. 2-Nitro-17beta-estradiol did not exhibit mutagenic activities toward Salmonella typhimurium strains, suggesting that other mutagens might have been formed in the reaction mixture. The clastogenic properties of nitrite-treated 17beta-estradiol and 2-nitro-17beta-estradiol were analyzed by a micronucleus test with male ICR mice. Nitrite-treated 17beta-estradiol and 2-nitro-17beta-estradiol induced a significantly higher frequency of micronucleated reticulocytes in mice. The estrogenic activity of 2-nitro-17beta-estradiol was found to be lower than that of 17beta-estradiol. These data suggest that a daily oral intake of 17beta-estradiol and nitrite might induce the formation of mutagenic compounds in our body.
authors.affiliation: Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan. masudas@u-shizuoka-ken.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shuichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: Yumeko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Terashima
authors.forename: Ayako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Yuya
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Deguchi
authors.forename: Tomoyasu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Toyoizumi
authors.forename: Chitose
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sugiyama
authors.forename: Shigenori
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumazawa
authors.forename: Miya
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kamihira
authors.forename: Hisashi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshioka
authors.forename: Yoshiyasu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Terao
authors.forename: Naohide
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kinae
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D004958:Estradiol / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009153:Mutagens / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000737:chemistry*; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D009153:Mutagens; D009573:Nitrites; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D004958:Estradiol