From fear to love: individual differences in implicit spider associations.
The Implicit Association Test (IAT) was used to investigate automatic fear associations in fear of spiders. Fear associations toward spiders were measured among spider fearful and nonfearful participants (Experiment 1) as well as among nonfearfuls and spider enthusiasts (Experiment 2). It was shown that the IAT is sensitive to personal automatic fear associations and therefore distinguishes between high-fearful, nonfearful, and enthusiastic participants. Moreover, implicit spider associations measured by the IAT predicted avoidance behavior beyond self-reports. The results of Experiment 2 provide additional support for the argument that implicit spider associations are different from general stereotypes or knowledge about spiders.
Ellwart
Thomas
T
Department of Psychology, Dresden University of Technology, Dresden, Germany. Ellwart@psychologie.uni-kiel.de
Rinck
Mike
M
Becker
Eni S
ES
D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001008:Anxiety Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D001244:Association; D001290:Attitude; D001332:Automatism; D005239:Fear; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011581:Psychological Tests; D011930:Reaction Time; D013112:Spiders