title: Signum, a new fungicide for control of leaf diseases in outdoor vegetables.
abstract: During three years, the new fungicide Signum, containing 6.7% pyraclostrobine + 26.7 % boscalid and developed by BASF. has been evaluated in leek, carrots and cabbages in several outdoor field experiments under practical conditions and during one year in outdoor lettuce. In leek, Phytophthora porri is one of the major leaf diseases causing lesions on differ ent places on the leaves, resulting in at least extra labour costs for trimming or even worse sometimes resulting in complete crop loss. So far, crop protection consists of repeated applications of fungicides especially during autumn and winter. Pyraclostrobin + boscalid has been evaluated in comparison with the fungicides mancozeb, mancozeb + metalaxyl-M and azoxystrobin. The progress of the disease during the growth season is discussed. For all parameters evaluated, pyraclostrobin + boscalid gave comparable or even better results than reference products. Especially during 2003, a small drop of the activity of benalaxyl against P. porri has been observed after repeated applications. In carrots, Erisiphe heraclei and Alternaria dauci are both the most common leaf diseases causing yield and quality loss. During periods of very high pressure of A. dauci, pyraclostrobin + boscalid, applied in a three weeks interval, revealed a superior activity compared with triazole references or compared with azoxystrobin. Against E. heraclei, a good control but also a clear dose response activity have been observed with pyraclostrobin + boscalid. Yield gain was approximately 30 ton /ha compared wih untreated. In Brussels sprouts, good efficacy was obtained against Mycosphaerella spp., Albugo candida and Alternaria spp. In outdoor lettuce Botrytis cinerea and Sclerotinia sclerotiorum are the most important diseases causing crop damage and reducing the quality of the heads. Pyraclostrobin + boscalid was evaluated in comparison with the standard fungicide iprodione. The plant protection was better with the new fungicide pyraclostrobin + boscalid.
authors.affiliation: Provincial Onderzoeks- en Voorlichtingscentrum voor Land- en Tuinbouw, Ieperseweg 57, BE-8800 Rumbeke, Belgium.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Callens
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sarrazyn
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Evens
mesh_terms: D001937:Brassica / Q000382:microbiology; D018552:Daucus carota / Q000382:microbiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D005658:Fungi / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D005659:Fungicides, Industrial / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000633:toxicity; D018545:Lactuca / Q000382:microbiology; D019697:Onions / Q000382:microbiology; D010838:Phytophthora / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000382:microbiology*; D014675:Vegetables / Q000382:microbiology*
chemical_list: D005659:Fungicides, Industrial