title: Minocycline-induced cutaneous hyperpigmentation: confocal laser scanning microscope analysis.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Minocycline has a characteristic yellow-green fluorescent emission. This fluorescence has been previously demonstrated only in type 1 minocycline-induced skin hyperpigmentation.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether the fluorescence can be detected in other types of minocycline-induced cutaneous hyperpigmentation, and to study the possible mechanisms.
  
  
  METHODS
  Biopsies of pigmented and nonpigmented skin from 3 patients with different types of skin hyperpigmentation induced by minocycline were analysed by light microscopy and Confocal Laser Scanning Microscope (CLSM).
  
  
  RESULTS
  A yellow-green fluorescence was observed in the hyperpigmented skin of two patients with type 2, and one patient with type 4 minocycline-induced cutaneous hyperpigmentation. No fluorescence was detected in the non-pigmented skin.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Minocycline can possibly serve as a fluorescent probe in the diagnosis of all types of minocycline-induced cutaneous hyperpigmentation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Ha'emek Medical Center, Afula, Israel.
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Dodiuk-Gad
authors.forename: H M
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: de Morentin
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schafer
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Harel
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Neudorfer
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Misonzhnik
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gitstein
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rozenman
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tur
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Brenner
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001706:Biopsy; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017495:Hyperpigmentation / Q000139:chemically induced*; D008297:Male; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D008911:Minocycline / Q000009:adverse effects*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D008911:Minocycline