title: Magnetic source imaging versus intracranial electroencephalogram in epilepsy surgery: a prospective study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Noninvasive brain imaging tests can potentially supplement or even replace the use of intracranial electroencephalogram (ICEEG), an invasive, costly procedure used in presurgical epilepsy evaluation. This study prospectively examined the agreement between magnetic source imaging (MSI) and ICEEG localization in epilepsy surgery candidates.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients completing video monitoring with scalp EEG who had intractable partial epilepsy based on ictal electro-clinico-anatomical features were screened. Forty-nine enrolled patients (mean age, 27 years; range, 1-61 years) completed MSI and ICEEG studies. Decisions about ICEEG and surgery were made at a consensus conference where MSI could only influence ICEEG coverage by indicating supplemental coverage to that already planned by an original hypothesis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The positive predictive value of MSI for seizure localization was 82 to 90%, depending on whether computed against ICEEG alone or in combination with surgical outcome. The kappa score of agreement for MSI with ICEEG was 0.2744 (p < 0.01)
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MSI yields localizing information with a high positive predictive value in epilepsy surgery candidates who typically require ICEEG. This finding suggests that enough clinical validity exists for MSI to potentially replace ICEEG for seizure localization.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, UAB Epilepsy Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham School of Medicine, 35294-0001, USA. knowlton@uab.edu
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Knowlton
authors.forename: Rotem
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Elgavish
authors.forename: Jennifer
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Howell
authors.forename: Jeffery
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Blount
authors.forename: Jorge G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Burneo
authors.forename: Edward
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Faught
authors.forename: Pongkiat
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kankirawatana
authors.forename: Kristen
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Morawetz
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Worthington
authors.forename: Ruben I
authors.initials: RI
authors.lastname: Kuzniecky
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004569:Electroencephalography; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000601:surgery*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D025321:Surgery, Computer-Assisted