Identification and estrogenic characterization of impurities in commercial bisphenol A diglycidyl ether (BADGE).
A sample of commercial BADGE was fractioned by HPLC and eight impurities including novel propyl derivatives (2), (5) and (6) were identified by NMR spectrometry, FAB-MS and GC-MS. The estrogenicity, both agonist and antagonist, of fractions containing these impurities was measured with a yeast two-hybrid assay incorporating the human (hER alpha) and a competitive binding assay for hER alpha (ELISA). In the yeast two-hybrid assay, estrogenic antagonist activity was found in two fractions, while estrogenic agonist activity was not found in any. In the ELISA method, the binding affinity to hER alpha was found in three fractions. It is probable that a comprehensive assessment of the estrogenic properties of commercial BADGE, and their implications for human health, will require examination of all its components as described here.
Terasaki
Masanori
M
Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, 52-1 Yada, Shizuoka, Japan. terasaki@u-shizuoka-ken.ac.jp
Kazama
Takeshi
T
Shiraishi
Fujio
F
Makino
Masakazu
M
D000818:Animals; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D004852:Epoxy Compounds / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity*; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha / Q000378:metabolism; D004967:Estrogens / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D005506:Food Contamination; D018857:Food Packaging; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D020798:Two-Hybrid System Techniques; D015003:Yeasts / Q000378:metabolism; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D002273:Carcinogens; D004852:Epoxy Compounds; D047628:Estrogen Receptor alpha; D004967:Estrogens; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; C019273:bisphenol A diglycidyl ether; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds