title: Night eating syndrome and binge eating disorder among persons seeking bariatric surgery: prevalence and related features.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the prevalence of night eating syndrome (NES) and binge eating disorder (BED) and their related behavioral and psychological correlates in persons who sought bariatric surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A consecutive series of 215 persons with extreme obesity (82% women, 70% European American) completed the Weight and Lifestyle Inventory and a semistructured interview as part of a pre-surgery behavioral/psychological assessment. Diagnoses for NES and BED were based on graded diagnostic criteria.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Percentages of participants who met diagnostic criteria for NES by interview were 1.9% for the strictest definition and 8.9% across all definitions of NES. After interview, full DSM-TR criteria for BED were met by 4.2%; an additional 1.4% reported binge eating at least once per week. Self-reported prevalence of NES and BED were higher. Those with NES or BED had significantly more symptoms of depression and a greater history of psychological complications than the remaining sample.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence rates of NES and BED among this population of bariatric surgery candidates were lower than expected based on previous reports. Findings and hypotheses regarding lowered prevalence rates are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Weight and Eating Disorders Program, University of Pennsylvania School of Medicine, 3535 Market Street, Suite 3029, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA. kca@mail.med.upenn.edu
authors.forename: Kelly C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Allison
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Wadden
authors.forename: David B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Sarwer
authors.forename: Anthony N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Fabricatore
authors.forename: Canice E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Crerand
authors.forename: Lauren M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Gibbons
authors.forename: Rebecca M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Stack
authors.forename: Albert J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Stunkard
authors.forename: Noel N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Williams
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D050110:Bariatric Surgery; D052018:Bulimia Nervosa / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D002940:Circadian Rhythm; D015897:Comorbidity; D005247:Feeding Behavior; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006963:Hyperphagia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009767:Obesity, Morbid / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000523:psychology / Q000601:surgery*; D010555:Personality Inventory; D015995:Prevalence; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires