title: Prostate cancer detection strategies.
abstract: Prostate cancer is the most common malignancy in men and, as a result, there has been a nationwide emphasis on screening and detection. With the widespread use of the prostate-specific antigen (PSA), prostate cancer screening effectively detects localized prostate cancer. However, recent reports have identified a significant proportion of prostate cancer in men with low PSA levels. Many of these cancers are higher-grade malignancies. Consequently, PSA may function more effectively as a screening tool when applied over a continuum that is associated with degree of risk, rather than a binary measure. Other markers are currently being investigated. Ideally, a marker will identify the malignancy that is a clinical threat, thereby avoiding intervention for indolent disease. Prevention strategies may be employed for higher-risk patients, and these strategies eventually may be tailored to genetic or other risks.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Texas Health Science Center, Mail Code 7845, 7703 Floyd Curl Drive, San Antonio, TX 78229-3900, USA. brandt2@uthscsa.edu
authors.forename: Timothy C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Brand
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hernandez
authors.forename: Edith D
authors.initials: ED
authors.lastname: Canby-Hagino
authors.forename: Joseph W
authors.initials: JW
authors.lastname: Basler
authors.forename: Ian M
authors.initials: IM
authors.lastname: Thompson
mesh_terms: D005819:Genetic Markers; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D005819:Genetic Markers; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen