title: Early embryogenesis study on a dimethoate containing formulation and Cd-sulphate in chicken embryos.
abstract: The toxic effects of a widely used organophosphate insecticide (BI 58 EC containing 38% dimethoate as active ingredient) applied alone or in combination with cadmium sulphate modelling the heavy metal load of the environment were studied on chicken embryos in the early phase of development. Solutions and emulsions of different concentrations were made from the test materials and injected in 0.1 ml volume into the air space of eggs on the first day (day 0) of incubation. Subsequently, on days 2 and 3 of incubation permanent preparations were made from the embryos in order to study the early developmental stage. Embryos fixed on slides and stained with osmium tetroxide solution were studied under light microscope. Summarising the findings, it can be established that the embryotoxicity increased after the simultaneous administration of Cd-sulphate and 38% dimethoate containing insecticide formulation compared to the control or the individually treated groups.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hygiene, Institute of Plant Protection, Georgikon Faculty of Agriculture, University of Veszprém, H-8361 Keszthely, P.O. Box 71, Hungary.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Juhász
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Szabó
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Keseru
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fejes
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Budai
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kertész
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Várnagy
mesh_terms: D000014:Abnormalities, Drug-Induced; D000818:Animals; D019187:Cadmium Compounds / Q000633:toxicity*; D002642:Chick Embryo / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000196:embryology*; D004117:Dimethoate / Q000633:toxicity*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004357:Drug Synergism; D007306:Insecticides / Q000633:toxicity*; D013431:Sulfates / Q000633:toxicity*; D013723:Teratogens / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D019187:Cadmium Compounds; D007306:Insecticides; D013431:Sulfates; D013723:Teratogens; C037123:cadmium sulfate; D004117:Dimethoate