title: Reducing gaseous nitrogen loss from stored laying hen manure by the addition of carbohydrates.
abstract: Three separate experiments were conducted to determine if the addition of carbohydrate sources directly to freshly-produced laying hen manure reduced the loss of gaseous nitrogen containing compounds during 7 d of storage. The addition of sucrose (8 g/kg) to the manure resulted in a greater increase in bacterial numbers, a greater loss of carbon and a trend for a reduced loss of nitrogen. Although glucose addition to the manure increased bacterial numbers and tended to increase carbon loss, nitrogen loss increased relative to the control. Addition of straw to the manure did not affect the change in bacterial numbers or rate of nitrogen loss compared to the control treatment. Experiment 2 indicated that, when either sucrose or maltose were mixed (8 g/kg) with laying hen manure, microbial numbers were increased and gaseous nitrogen losses were reduced. A combination of starch plus alpha-amylase did not affect the characteristics of the manure. Experiment 3 showed that increasing sucrose addition gave a non-linear reduction in nitrogen loss. Minimum nitrogen loss was obtained with 35 g/kg sucrose, though the maximum increase in bacterial numbers occurred at 20 g/kg of added sucrose.
authors.affiliation: The National Institute of Poultry Husbandry, Newport, Shropshire TF10 8NB, England.
authors.forename: E V
authors.initials: EV
authors.lastname: Pratt
authors.forename: S P
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Rose
authors.forename: A A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Keeling
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002645:Chickens; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial / Q000662:veterinary; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D008320:Maltose / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D008372:Manure / Q000032:analysis / Q000382:microbiology; D009584:Nitrogen / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D013395:Sucrose / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D013997:Time Factors; D014835:Volatilization
chemical_list: D002241:Carbohydrates; D008372:Manure; D013395:Sucrose; D008320:Maltose; D009584:Nitrogen