title: A simple light-emitted diode-induced fluorescence detector using optical fibers and a charged coupled device for direct and indirect capillary electrophoresis methods.
abstract: We constructed a simple fluorescence detector for both direct and indirect CE methods using a blue light-emitted diode (470 nm) as excitation source, a bifurcated optical fiber as a waveguide, and a CCD camera as a detector. The connection of all the components is fairly easy even for nonexperts and the use of a CCD camera improves the applicability of this detector compared to the others using PMTs because it permits the recording of 2-D electropherograms or phosphorescence measurements. This detector provides a compact, low cost, and rapid system for the determination of native fluorescence compounds which have high quantum yields by CE with direct fluorescence detection, showing an LOD of 2.6 x 10(-6) M for fluorescein; the determination of fluorescence derivative compounds by CE with direct fluorescence detection, showing an LOD of 1.6 x 10(-7) M for FITC-labeled 1,6-diaminohexane; and nonfluorescence compounds by CE with indirect fluorescence detection with an LOD of 2.7 x 10(-6) M for gallic acid.
authors.affiliation: Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Granada, Avda, Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Arráez-Román
authors.forename: Jorge F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Fernández-Sánchez
authors.forename: Sonia
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cortacero-Ramírez
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Segura-Carretero
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fernández-Gutiérrez
mesh_terms: D019075:Electrophoresis, Capillary / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods*; D005336:Fiber Optic Technology; D019793:Fluorescein / Q000032:analysis; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate / Q000032:analysis; D005453:Fluorescence; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes / Q000032:analysis*; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000032:analysis; D008027:Light; D055100:Optical Fibers; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000295:instrumentation*
chemical_list: D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D016650:Fluorescein-5-isothiocyanate; C017616:phenolic acid; D019793:Fluorescein