title: Attenuation of folic acid-induced renal inflammatory injury in platelet-activating factor receptor-deficient mice.
abstract: Platelet-activating factor (PAF), a potent lipid mediator with various biological activities, plays an important role in inflammation by recruiting leukocytes. In this study we used platelet-activating factor receptor (PAFR)-deficient mice to elucidate the role of PAF in inflammatory renal injury induced by folic acid administration. PAFR-deficient mice showed significant amelioration of renal dysfunction and pathological findings such as acute tubular damage with neutrophil infiltration, lipid peroxidation observed with antibody to 4-hydroxy-2-hexenal (day 2), and interstitial fibrosis with macrophage infiltration associated with expression of monocyte chemoattractant protein-1 and tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the kidney (day 14). Acute tubular damage was attenuated by neutrophil depletion using a monoclonal antibody (RB6-8C5), demonstrating the contribution of neutrophils to acute phase injury. Macrophage infiltration was also decreased when treatment with a PAF antagonist (WEB2086) was started after acute phase. In vitro chemotaxis assay using a Boyden chamber demonstrated that PAF exhibits a strong chemotactic activity for macrophages. These results indicate that PAF is involved in pathogenesis of folic acid-induced renal injury by activating neutrophils in acute phase and macrophages in chronic interstitial fibrosis. Inhibiting the PAF pathway might be therapeutic to kidney injury from inflammatory cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nephrology and Endocrinology, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo, Tokyo 113-8655, Japan.
authors.forename: Kent
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Doi
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Kousuke
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Negishi
authors.forename: Yoshifumi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Akihide
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakao
authors.forename: Toshiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Akiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Toda
authors.forename: Takehiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yokomizo
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kita
authors.forename: Yasuyuki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kihara
authors.forename: Satoshi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ishii
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Shimizu
authors.forename: Eisei
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Noiri
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D018932:Chemokine CCL2 / Q000378:metabolism; D002633:Chemotaxis / Q000502:physiology; D005355:Fibrosis; D005492:Folic Acid; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000378:metabolism*; D007674:Kidney Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D008264:Macrophages / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics*; D013997:Time Factors; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C491768:Ccl2 protein, mouse; D018932:Chemokine CCL2; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; D010980:Platelet Membrane Glycoproteins; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D043562:Receptors, G-Protein-Coupled; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; C039351:platelet activating factor receptor; D005492:Folic Acid