title: Preclinical preceptorships in medical school: can curricular objectives be met in diverse teaching settings?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although preclinical preceptorships for medical students during the first 2 years are now common, little is known about how well the curricular objectives can be met in clinical training sites.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate whether a clinical encounter system can help align preclinical preceptorship experiences with the core curriculum.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a PDA documentation system, 27 students collected student-preceptor-patient encounter information on all patients (N = 2,953) during a 2-year clinical training course. We compared Years 1 and 2 teaching and learning processes, common symptoms seen, and counseling skills performed and examined how well these clinical experiences aligned with the curricular goals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The majority of encounters in Year 1 involved the student observing the preceptor perform a history (47%) or physical exam (40%). In Year 2, there was a shift to student and preceptor both participating in the history (Year 1, 12%; Year 2, 24%; p = .004) and physical exam (Year 1, 34%; Year 2, 47%; p = .002). Cardiovascular; pulmonary; and head, eyes, ears, nose, and throat examinations were most common in Year 1 and increased in Year 2. Genitourinary, gynecologic, and neurological examinations occurred least often, and only the neurological examinations increased significantly in Year 2. Overall, at least 75% of students could find opportunities in Years 1 and 2 to achieve the majority of curricular goals.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Knowing what students experience at their preceptor sites is vital for clinical skills course evaluation. Student-preceptor-patient encounter data should be used to complement other course evaluations to aid curriculum planning and decrease variability in student experiences.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community and Family Medicine, Dartmouth Medical School, Hanover, New Hampshire, USA. greg.ogrinc@med.va.gov
authors.forename: Greg
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ogrinc
authors.forename: M Scottie
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Eliassen
authors.forename: Jennifer S
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Schiffman
authors.forename: Catherine F
authors.initials: CF
authors.lastname: Pipas
authors.forename: Nan
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Cochran
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Nierenberg
authors.forename: Patricia A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Carney
mesh_terms: D034201:Computers, Handheld; D003479:Curriculum; D017050:Episode of Care; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009513:New Hampshire; D009937:Organizational Objectives; D011231:Preceptorship / Q000458:organization & administration*; D012577:Schools, Medical