title: Case report: primary subcutaneous sacrococcygeal ependymoma: a case report and review of the literature.
abstract: Extraspinal ependymomas are rare. The majority occur in the sacrococcygeal region. The subcutaneous variety accounts for approximately two thirds of cases, which are commonly misdiagnosed as a pilonidal cyst or sinus. Treatment is complete surgical resection. The role of coccygectomy is controversial. Adjuvant radiotherapy is of benefit to those with an incompletely excised tumour. Up to 20% metastasise, chiefly to the inguinal lymph glands, but pulmonary metastases are also reported. Palliative chemotherapy has not been shown to be of any benefit. Long term follow-up is important as metastases can occur up to 20 years after initial presentation. We report a 37-year-old woman with a subcutaneous sacrococcygeal ependymoma with iliac lymph nodal metastasis at presentation.
authors.affiliation: The Cancer Centre, Queen Elizabeth Hospital, Edgbaston, Birmingham B15 2TH, UK.
authors.forename: Y T
authors.initials: YT
authors.lastname: Ma
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ramachandra
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Spooner
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D004806:Ependymoma / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007085:Ilium; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D018714:Radiotherapy, Adjuvant; D012086:Reoperation; D009418:S100 Proteins / Q000032:analysis; D012445:Sacrococcygeal Region; D013120:Spinal Cord Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery; D014746:Vimentin / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D005904:Glial Fibrillary Acidic Protein; D009418:S100 Proteins; D014746:Vimentin