title: Cardiovascular risk factors and anthropometric measurements of adolescent body composition: a cross-sectional analysis of the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess the association between certain cardiovascular risk factors that are commonly clustered among individuals with insulin resistance syndrome (IRS) and adolescents' body composition measurements.
  
  
  METHODS
  We examined a total of 1068 adolescents aged 12-16 years from the Third National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey. The sex-specific third tertiles of glucose, triglycerides, systolic blood pressure and first tertile of high-density-lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol were used to classify the presence of each IRS component. We compared adolescents with none, one, two and three/four IRS components across a series of body composition measurements and lipid profile.
  
  
  RESULTS
  About 18% of the adolescents had three or four IRS components. Overall, IRS among adolescents is more likely to be associated with body weight and measurements related to body girths and less likely to be associated with the measurements related to body lengths. Multivariate analysis results showed that the odds of being at increased risk of obesity (body mass index z-score> 0.85) were significantly greater among those with two (odds ratio (OR)=4.5; 95% CI 2.5-8.2) and three/four (OR=8.9, 95% CI 4.5-17.5) IRS components compared to those without any IRS components. Across sex, the level of non-HDL cholesterol was significantly higher among adolescents with more IRS components (P for trends <0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The clustered cardiovascular risk factors are strongly associated with an increased risk of obesity and higher levels of non-HDL cholesterol among adolescents.
authors.affiliation: Department of Community Health Sciences, Brock University, Ontario, Canada. jliu@brocku.ca
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: T J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Wade
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tan
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000886:Anthropometry / Q000379:methods; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D001823:Body Composition / Q000502:physiology*; D001827:Body Height / Q000502:physiology; D049628:Body Size / Q000502:physiology; D001835:Body Weight / Q000502:physiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D002648:Child; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000097:blood; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000502:physiology*; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011159:Population Surveillance / Q000379:methods; D012307:Risk Factors; D017678:Sex Distribution; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D008055:Lipids; D002784:Cholesterol