title: State of the knowledge of bacterial resistance.
abstract: Bacteria have adapted a variety of different ways to acquire antibiotic resistance, fostering the rapid development of resistance within a short evolutionary time. The general genetic basis of events leading to and promoting antibiotic resistance formation in bacteria are presented and exemplified by showing the evolution of methicillin, glycopeptide, linezolid, and ketolide resistance in Staphylococcus aureus.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Medizinische Mikrobiologie, Universität Zürich, Zürich, Switzerland.
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Berger-Bächi
authors.forename: Nadine
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: McCallum
mesh_terms: D000081:Acetamides / Q000494:pharmacology; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D006020:Glycopeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D048628:Ketolides / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069349:Linezolid; D008712:Methicillin / Q000494:pharmacology; D016106:Methicillin Resistance / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D023303:Oxazolidinones / Q000494:pharmacology; D013203:Staphylococcal Infections / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000081:Acetamides; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D006020:Glycopeptides; D048628:Ketolides; D023303:Oxazolidinones; D000069349:Linezolid; D008712:Methicillin