title: Taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) deficiency creates a vicious circle promoting obesity.
abstract: The relation between blood taurine (2-aminoethanesulfonic acid) concentrations and obesity was investigated. Taurine is supplied to the body by dietary ingestion as well as by de novo synthesis; it is anabolized by cysteine dioxygenase (CDO), which is abundantly expressed in liver and white adipose tissue. Overexpression of CDO in 3T3-L1 preadipocytes caused a decrease in the level of cysteine (precursor of taurine) and an increase in the level of taurine in the culture medium, suggesting that CDO is involved in biosynthesis and secretion of taurine in white adipose tissue. In high-fat diet-induced and/or genetically obese mice, a decrease in the blood taurine concentration was observed along with a decrease in CDO expression in adipose tissue but not in liver. Dietary taurine supplementation prevented high-fat diet-induced obesity with increased resting energy expenditure. Thus, taurine deficiency observed in association with obesity may create a vicious circle promoting obesity. Dietary taurine supplementation interrupts this vicious circle and may prevent obesity.
authors.affiliation: Division of Clinical Nutrition, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, 1-23-1 Toyama, Tokyo 162-8636, Japan. ntsubo@nih.go.jp
authors.forename: Nobuyo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Tsuboyama-Kasaoka
authors.forename: Chikako
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Shozawa
authors.forename: Kayo
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: Yasutomi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kamei
authors.forename: Seiichi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kasaoka
authors.forename: Yu
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hosokawa
authors.forename: Osamu
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Ezaki
mesh_terms: D041721:3T3-L1 Cells; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000473:pathology; D000818:Animals; D003470:Culture Media / Q000378:metabolism; D004032:Diet; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008820:Mice, Obese; D008954:Models, Biological; D009765:Obesity / Q000209:etiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D051381:Rats; D013654:Taurine / Q000172:deficiency* / Q000502:physiology*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D003470:Culture Media; D013654:Taurine