title: The child perception questionnaire is valid for malocclusions in the United Kingdom.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The purpose of this study was to validate the child perception questionnaire (CPQ(11-14)) with a sample of schoolchildren in Greater Manchester, United Kingdom.
  
  
  METHODS
  We made a longitudinal survey of children from 1999 to 2002, using the index of orthodontic treatment need (IOTN) at baseline when the children were 11 to 12 years old, the CPQ(11-14), and their uptake of orthodontic treatment 3 years later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  CPQ(11-14) scores corresponded to differences in IOTN scores. These were related to the child's emotional and social well-being. Regression analysis showed that CPQ(11-14) scores were higher for girls, for higher grades of the dental health component of the IOTN, and for children who thought that their teeth needed straightening.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CPQ(11-14) has acceptable reliability and validity, and is likely to be a useful measure for orthodontic trials. The impact of malocclusion on a child's quality of life might be substantial.
authors.affiliation: University of Manchester, Manchester, United Kingdom. kevin.obrien@man.ac.uk
authors.forename: Kevin
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: O'Brien
authors.forename: Jean L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Wright
authors.forename: Frances
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Conboy
authors.forename: Tatiana
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Macfarlane
authors.forename: Nicky
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mandall
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001828:Body Image; D002648:Child; D003753:Dental Health Surveys; D005260:Female; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008310:Malocclusion / Q000523:psychology*; D009971:Orthodontics, Corrective / Q000523:psychology* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D011788:Quality of Life / Q000523:psychology; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012647:Self-Assessment; D012737:Sex Factors; D018434:Sickness Impact Profile; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D006113:United Kingdom