A multiphase model of the dynamics of HBV infection in HBeAg-negative patients during pegylated interferon-alpha2a, lamivudine and combination therapy.
Using a multiphase bio-mathematical model, we studied the dynamics of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection in 72 HBeAg-negative patients who received 48 weeks of either lamivudine (3TC; 25 patients); pegylated interferon-alpha2a (peg-IFN-alpha2a) 180 mg weekly plus 3TC (23 patients), or peg-IFN-alpha2a 180 mg weekly plus placebo (24 patients). During the first month of therapy most of the 3TC -/+ peg-IFN-alpha2a treated patients showed a multiphase decay of viral load: during the first two phases, where we hypothesized a direct inhibition of virus production, the mean viral production per infected cell was reduced by 2.22 log10 and 2.36 log10, respectively. At variance, peg-IFN-alpha2a treated patients had a biphasic profile: the first phase HBV DNA decline was slower than that observed in 3TC patients (mean HBV DNA t(1/2) = 1.6 +/- 1.1 days and 9.5 +/- 3.0 h, respectively) and the direct antiviral effect reduced virus production by 1.14 log10. From day 14 onwards (third or second phase according to multi- or biphasic patterns), HBV DNA declined mainly because of the infected hepatocyte clearance that slowed down in approximately 50% of the patients from day 35, possibly because of a negative feedback on the immune system activity. Computing the number of infected cells at the end of therapy we found that peg-IFN-alpha2a and 3TC monotherapy determined a similar reduction of infected hepatocytes (mean: -3.3 log10), whereas there was a greater reduction in combination therapy patients (-5.0 versus -3.3 log10, P = 0.039). In conclusion, peg-IFN-alpha2a, in spite of having direct antiviral activity lower than that of 3TC, achieved a comparable reduction of infected hepatocytes, possibly because of a higher infected cell clearance rate.
Colombatto
Piero
P
UO Gastroenterologia ed Epatologia Ospedaliera, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy.
Civitano
Luigi
L
Bizzarri
Ranieri
R
Oliveri
Filippo
F
Choudhury
Somesh
S
Gieschke
Ronald
R
Bonino
Ferruccio
F
Brunetto
Maurizia R
MR
D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000097:blood; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006509:Hepatitis B / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000821:virology*; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008954:Models, Biological; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013997:Time Factors; D019562:Viral Load
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D004279:DNA, Viral; D006513:Hepatitis B e Antigens; D000077190:Interferon alpha-2; D016898:Interferon-alpha; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D019259:Lamivudine; D011092:Polyethylene Glycols; C100416:peginterferon alfa-2a