title: Global mineralogical and aqueous mars history derived from OMEGA/Mars Express data.
abstract: Global mineralogical mapping of Mars by the Observatoire pour la Mineralogie, l'Eau, les Glaces et l'Activité (OMEGA) instrument on the European Space Agency's Mars Express spacecraft provides new information on Mars' geological and climatic history. Phyllosilicates formed by aqueous alteration very early in the planet's history (the "phyllocian" era) are found in the oldest terrains; sulfates were formed in a second era (the "theiikian" era) in an acidic environment. Beginning about 3.5 billion years ago, the last era (the "siderikian") is dominated by the formation of anhydrous ferric oxides in a slow superficial weathering, without liquid water playing a major role across the planet.
authors.affiliation: Institut d'Astrophysique Spatiale (IAS), Bâtiment 121, 91405 Orsay Campus, France.
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bibring
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Langevin
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Mustard
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Poulet
authors.forename: Raymond
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arvidson
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gendrin
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gondet
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mangold
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pinet
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Forget
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Berthé
authors.forename: Jean-Pierre
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Bibring
authors.forename: Aline
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Gendrin
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gomez
authors.forename: Brigitte
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gondet
authors.forename: Denis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jouglet
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Poulet
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Soufflot
authors.forename: Mathieu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Vincendon
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Combes
authors.forename: Pierre
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Drossart
authors.forename: Thérèse
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Encrenaz
authors.forename: Thierry
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Fouchet
authors.forename: Riccardo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Merchiorri
authors.forename: Giancarlo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Belluci
authors.forename: Francesca
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Altieri
authors.forename: Vittorio
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Formisano
authors.forename: Fabricio
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Capaccioni
authors.forename: Pricilla
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cerroni
authors.forename: Angioletta
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Coradini
authors.forename: Sergio
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fonti
authors.forename: Oleg
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Korablev
authors.forename: Volodia
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Kottsov
authors.forename: Nikolai
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ignatiev
authors.forename: Vassili
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Moroz
authors.forename: Dimitri
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Titov
authors.forename: Ludmilla
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zasova
authors.forename: Damien
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Loiseau
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Mangold
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Pinet
authors.forename: Sylvain
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Douté
authors.forename: Bernard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Schmitt
authors.forename: Christophe
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Sotin
authors.forename: Ernst
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Hauber
authors.forename: Harald
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hoffmann
authors.forename: Ralf
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Jaumann
authors.forename: Uwe
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Keller
authors.forename: Ray
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Arvidson
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Mustard
authors.forename: Tom
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Duxbury
authors.forename: François
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Forget
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Neukum
mesh_terms: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D001272:Atmosphere; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D000077215:Clay; D005118:Extraterrestrial Environment; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D018535:Mars; D008903:Minerals; D017640:Silicates; D013431:Sulfates; D013995:Time; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D000538:Aluminum Silicates; D005290:Ferric Compounds; D008903:Minerals; D017640:Silicates; D013431:Sulfates; D014867:Water; C092478:pyroxene; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; C000499:ferric oxide; D000077215:Clay