title: Therapeutic drug monitoring of mycophenolate mofetil in transplantation.
abstract: A roundtable meeting to discuss the use of therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) to guide immunosuppression with mycophenolate mofetil was held in New York in December 2004. Existing recommendations for the initial months after transplantation were updated. After ensuring adequate levels of mycophenolic acid (MPA, the active metabolite of mycophenolate mofetil) immediately after transplantation, optimal efficacy may require only a few dose adjustments, because intrapatient variability in exposure seems low. Recommendations based on current knowledge were made for posttransplantation sampling time points and for target MPA concentrations. Algorithms for estimating MPA exposure using limited sampling strategies were presented, and a new assay for MPA discussed. It was agreed that because of interpatient variability and the influence of concomitant immunosuppressants, TDM might help optimize outcomes, especially in patients at higher risk of rejection. The value of TDM in the general transplant population will be assessed from large, ongoing, randomized studies.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hospital Pharmacy, Clinical Pharmacology Unit, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, The Netherlands. t.vangelder@erasmusmc.nl
authors.forename: Teun
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: van Gelder
authors.forename: Yann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Le Meur
authors.forename: Leslie M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Shaw
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oellerich
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: DeNofrio
authors.forename: Curtis
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Holt
authors.forename: David W
authors.initials: DW
authors.lastname: Holt
authors.forename: Bruce
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Kaplan
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kuypers
authors.forename: Bruno
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Meiser
authors.forename: Burkhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Toenshoff
authors.forename: Richard D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Mamelok
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D019540:Area Under Curve; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000379:methods* / Q000639:trends; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016377:Organ Transplantation; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D009173:Mycophenolic Acid