title: Influence of prosthetic parameters on the survival and complication rates of short implants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Implants shorter than 10 mm can be a long-term solution for sites with limited bone height. The purpose of this study was to determine the influence of some prosthetic factors on the survival and complication rates.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two hundred sixty-two short machined-surface Brånemark System implants were consecutively placed in 109 patients and followed for a mean of 53 months. The prosthetic parameters were recorded, and the data were examined for relation to peri-implant bone loss and biologic or biomechanical complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Relatively few crown-to-implant (C/I) ratios were < 1 or > 2 (16.2%). Occlusal table (OT) width ranged from 5.4 to 8.3 mm. Opposing dentition was most often natural teeth, a fixed prosthesis supported by natural teeth, or an implant-supported fixed restoration. Occlusion with a normal buccolingual maxillomandibular relationship was found in 72.7% of the cases. No significant difference in peri-implant bone loss was correlated with C/I ratio or OT. Neither cantilever length nor bruxism had a significant effect on peri-implant bone loss. Mean bone loss was 0.74 +/- .65 mm. The difference in the complication rate (15% overall) between the bruxer and the nonbruxer group was not statistically significant (P = .51). One implant was lost in a heavy bruxer after 7 years of function.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Increased C/I and OT values do not seem to be a major risk factor in cases of favorable loading. In 67% of the cases, the mesiodistal length of the prosthesis was less than the corresponding natural tooth length, which may have contributed to better load distribution and more favorable results.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Short implants appear to be a longterm viable solution in sites with reduced bone height, even when the prosthetic parameters exceed the normal values, provided that force orientation and load distribution are favorable and parafunction is controlled.
authors.affiliation: Department of Periodontology, St Joseph University, Beirut, Lebanon. gtawil@inco.com.lb
authors.forename: Georges
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tawil
authors.forename: Nadim
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aboujaoude
authors.forename: Roland
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Younan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002012:Bruxism / Q000150:complications; D003442:Crowns; D015921:Dental Implants; D003766:Dental Occlusion; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D019094:Dental Prosthesis, Implant-Supported; D019232:Dental Restoration Failure; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis; D003830:Denture, Partial, Fixed; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016014:Linear Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D014716:Vertical Dimension
chemical_list: D015921:Dental Implants