title: [Geographical study on lung cancer mortality among residents in the neighbourhood of the coke plant in Piombino].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate a possible risk of lung cancer related to environmental pollutants in the population living in Piombino, Italy in the neighborhood of the local coke plant.
  
  
  METHODS
  Geographical study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Lung cancer deaths occurred in 1986-2000 in residents in Piombino were included in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observed and expected number of cases for each census unit were computed using 4 different case distributions by residence in the area: at the time of death, 10 years before death, 15 years before death, and the longer residence in Piombino. For each census unit, the expected cases of male lung cancer death in 1986-2000 were calculated using the cause-, sex- and age-specific mortality rates of the entire area, obtained with the four case distributions. Data was analyzed and adjusted for an index ofsocial deprivation, using the Stone conditional test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A significant excess risk of lung cancer mortality, decreasing with distance from the plant, was observed only when the cases experiencing their longer residence in Piombino were included in the analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Smoking habits and occupation are the most important risk factors, nevertheless environmental pollutants might have played an additional role in the causation of the excess risk observed.
authors.affiliation: UO Epidemiologia ambientale-occupazionale, CSPO, Firenze. e.chellini1@cspo.it
authors.forename: Elisabetta
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Chellini
authors.forename: Anna Maria
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Pizzo
authors.forename: Alessandro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Barbieri
authors.forename: Marco
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Battaglini
authors.forename: Annibale
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Biggeri
authors.forename: Giulio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Bardi
authors.forename: Adele Seniori
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Costantini
mesh_terms: D003077:Coke; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007221:Industry; D007558:Italy / Q000453:epidemiology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D003077:Coke