title: A conjugate of camptothecin and a somatostatin analog against prostate cancer cell invasion via a possible signaling pathway involving PI3K/Akt, alphaVbeta3/alphaVbeta5 and MMP-2/-9.
abstract: Camptothecin (CPT) was conjugated to the N-terminal of a somatostatin analog (SSA) directly via a carbamate group and a basic N-terminal linking motif, D-Lys-D-Tyr-Lys-D-Tyr-D-Lys. This new CPT-SSA conjugate termed JF-10-81 was evaluated as a receptor-specific delivery system for its anti-invasive and anti-angiogenic activities. It was found that, in addition to blocking migration and invasion of highly invasive prostate cancer PC-3 cells, this conjugate also inhibited in vitro capillary-like tube formation of endothelial cells and in vivo angiogenesis in C57B1/6N female mice. JF-10-81 was found to block PC-3 cell attachment to various extracellular matrix components, mainly to vitronectin, the ligand of cell surface receptors integrin alphaVbeta3 and alphaVbeta5. Additionally, JF-10-81 reduced expression of integrins alphaVbeta3 and alphaVbeta5 on PC-3 cell surfaces, without effects on beta1 or any alphabeta1 heterodimers. This conjugate also inactivated phosphorylation of protein kinase B (PKB/Akt), down-regulated the expression of latent matrix metalloproteinase (MMP) -2 and MMP-9, but had little effect on MMP-3/-10. Meanwhile, membrane type-1 matrix metalloproteinase (MT1-MMP) and the tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (TIMP-2) were not detectable in PC-3 cells. alphaVbeta3/alphaVbeta5 and MMP-2/-9 are known to be highly expressed in many tumor cells and play an important role in tumor progression. Our results support that this conjugate could possibly inhibit prostate cancer PC-3 cell invasion through a signaling pathway involving PI3K/Akt, alphaVbeta3/alphaVbeta5 and MMP-2/-9, and this SSA could be used as an efficient vector to deliver CPT or other cytotoxic agents to target sites for cancer therapy.
authors.affiliation: Peptide Research Laboratories, Department of Medicine, Tulane Health Sciences Center, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, LA 70112-2699, USA. lsun@tulane.edu
authors.forename: Li-Chun
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: L Vienna
authors.initials: LV
authors.lastname: Mackey
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Fuselier
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Coy
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015153:Blotting, Western; D002166:Camptothecin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002448:Cell Adhesion / Q000187:drug effects; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002465:Cell Movement / Q000187:drug effects*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D039302:Integrin alphaVbeta3 / Q000378:metabolism; D016023:Integrins / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2 / Q000378:metabolism; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9 / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D009389:Neovascularization, Pathologic / Q000473:pathology / Q000517:prevention & control; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D019030:Receptors, Vitronectin / Q000378:metabolism; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D013004:Somatostatin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D039302:Integrin alphaVbeta3; D016023:Integrins; C518862:JF-10-81; D019030:Receptors, Vitronectin; C064660:integrin alphaVbeta5; D013004:Somatostatin; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D020778:Matrix Metalloproteinase 2; D020780:Matrix Metalloproteinase 9; D002166:Camptothecin