title: Intraparaventricular neuropeptide Y and ghrelin induce learned behaviors that report food deprivation in rats.
abstract: Rats were trained to discriminate between 2 and 22-h food deprivation in a choice paradigm. During tests, 20 min of food consumption eliminated internal stimuli associated with 22-h food deprivation. In other tests, rats food-restricted for 2 h were given neuropeptide Y or ghrelin by administration into the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus. Both neurochemicals induced effects similar to those following 22-h food restriction (increased behavior appropriate for 22-h deprivation). These findings suggest that internal stimuli produced by 22-h food deprivation are altered by food consumption and mimicked by feeding-inducing neurochemicals administered into a brain area associated with feeding regulation. Thus, hunger discrimination is a useful model to examine neurochemical and dietary factors that alter internal states associated with eating.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Wisconsin-Eau Claire, 54702, USA. jewettd@uwec.edu
authors.forename: David C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Jewett
authors.forename: Timothy W
authors.initials: TW
authors.lastname: Lefever
authors.forename: Douglas P
authors.initials: DP
authors.lastname: Flashinski
authors.forename: Mikhail N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Koffarnus
authors.forename: Constance R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.forename: Daniel J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hehli
authors.forename: Martha K
authors.initials: MK
authors.lastname: Grace
authors.forename: Allen S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Levine
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D004192:Discrimination, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005508:Food Deprivation / Q000502:physiology*; D005793:Generalization, Psychological / Q000187:drug effects; D054439:Ghrelin; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular / Q000379:methods; D007858:Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D009478:Neuropeptide Y / Q000494:pharmacology*; D036361:Peptide Hormones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D054439:Ghrelin; D009478:Neuropeptide Y; D036361:Peptide Hormones