title: The clomiphene citrate challenge test versus the exogenous follicle-stimulating hormone ovarian reserve test as a single test for identification of low responders and hyperresponders to in vitro fertilization.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was designed to compare the exogenous FSH ovarian reserve test (EFORT) versus the clomiphene citrate challenge test (CCCT), basal FSH, and basal inhibin B, with respect to their ability to predict poor and/or hyperresponders in an IVF population.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fertility center of a university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred ten patients undergoing their first IVF cycle, randomized into two groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-six patients underwent a CCCT, and 54 patients underwent an EFORT. In all patients, the test was followed by an IVF treatment.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ovarian response, expressed by the total number of retrieved oocytes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Univariate logistic regression showed that the best predictor for poor response is the CCCT (area under receiver operator characteristic curve [ROC-AUC] = 0.87), with maximal accuracy of 0.89. Multiple logistic regression analysis did not produce a better model in terms of improving the prediction of poor response. For hyper response, univariate logistic regression showed that the best predictor is the inhibin B increment in the EFORT (ROC-AUC = 0.92) but with a low maximal accuracy of 0.78. Again, multiple logistic regression analysis did not produce a better model in terms of predicting hyper response.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our study, the first which compares the CCCT with the EFORT for the prediction of poor and hyperresponders, shows that the CCCT is superior for identification of low responders. The EFORT (inhibin B increment) is superior for prediction of hyper response at the cost of a high rate of false positives. Neither of the two tests seems adequate to act alone for identification of both poor and hyperresponders.
authors.affiliation: Division of Reproductive Endocrinology and Fertility, The IVF Center, Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Vrije University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands. j.kwee@vumc.nl
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kwee
authors.forename: Roel
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Schats
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: McDonnell
authors.forename: Joop
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schoemaker
authors.forename: Cornelis B
authors.initials: CB
authors.lastname: Lambalk
mesh_terms: D002996:Clomiphene / Q000008:administration & dosage; D005260:Female; D005307:Fertilization in Vitro / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone / Q000008:administration & dosage; D006801:Humans; D007246:Infertility / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D009865:Oocytes / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care / Q000379:methods*; D010053:Ovary / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects*; D010062:Ovulation Induction / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D011379:Prognosis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D002996:Clomiphene; D005640:Follicle Stimulating Hormone