title: Vascular reactivity and endothelial NOS activity in rat thoracic aorta during and after hyperbaric oxygen exposure.
abstract: Accumulating evidence suggests that hyperbaric oxygen (HBO) stimulates neuronal nitric oxide (NO) synthase (NOS) activity, but the influence on endothelial NOS (eNOS) activity and vascular NO bioavailability remains unclear. We used a bioassay employing rat aortic rings to evaluate vascular NO bioavailability. HBO exposure to 2.8 atm absolute (ATA) in vitro decreased ACh relaxation. This effect remained unchanged, despite treatment with SOD-polyethylene glycol and catalase-polyethylene glycol, suggesting that the reduction in endothelium-derived NO bioavailability was independent of superoxide production. In vitro HBO induced contraction of resting aortic rings with and without endothelium, and these contractions were reduced by the NOS inhibitor N(omega)-nitro-l-arginine. In addition, in vitro HBO attenuated the vascular contraction produced by norepinephrine, and this effect was reversed by N(omega)-nitro-l-arginine, but not by endothelial denudation. These findings indicate stimulation of extraendothelial NO production during HBO exposure. A radiochemical assay was used to assess NOS activity in rat aortic endothelial cells. Catalytic activity of eNOS in cell homogenates was not decreased by HBO, and in vivo HBO exposure to 2.8 ATA was without effect on eNOS activity and/or vascular NO bioavailability in vitro. We conclude that HBO reduces endothelium-derived NO bioavailability independent of superoxide production, and this effect seems to be unrelated to a decrease in eNOS catalytic activity. In addition, HBO increases the resting tone of rat aortic rings and attenuates the contractile response to norepinephrine by endothelium-independent mechanisms that involve extraendothelial NO production.
authors.affiliation: Hyperbaric Oxygen Treatment Unit (4092 Dept. of Anaesthesia, The Centre of Head and Orthopaedics, Copenhagen Univ. Hospital Rigshospitalet, 9 Blegdamsvej, DK 2100 Copenhagen OE, Denmark. hink@dadlnet.dk
authors.forename: Jonas
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hink
authors.forename: Stephen R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Thom
authors.forename: Ulf
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Simonsen
authors.forename: Inger
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Rubin
authors.forename: Erik
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Jansen
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001013:Aorta, Thoracic / Q000201:enzymology* / Q000502:physiology*; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000201:enzymology; D015971:Gene Expression Regulation, Enzymologic / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D006931:Hyperbaric Oxygenation; D008297:Male; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors / Q000494:pharmacology; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D009599:Nitroprusside / Q000494:pharmacology; D009638:Norepinephrine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010100:Oxygen / Q000494:pharmacology; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014661:Vasoconstriction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014664:Vasodilation / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D020030:Nitric Oxide Donors; D010446:Peptide Fragments; D014662:Vasoconstrictor Agents; C063820:SNP nonapeptide; D009599:Nitroprusside; D052250:Nitric Oxide Synthase Type III; D010100:Oxygen; D009638:Norepinephrine