title: Short-term course of intraocular pressure after intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the natural history of intraocular pressure (IOP) within the first 30 minutes after intravitreal injection of triamcinolone acetonide (TA).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, interventional, consecutive case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-eight consecutive patients who met inclusion and exclusion criteria and underwent intravitreal injection of 0.1 ml (4 mg) of TA were studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intraocular pressure was measured by Goldmann applanation tonometry at baseline; immediately after injection; and at 2, 5, 10, 20, and 30 minutes after injection.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intraocular pressure measurements at baseline; immediately after intravitreal injection; and 2, 5, 10, 20, and 30 minutes after injection, and percentage of patients with IOP < or = 24 mmHg at 30 minutes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients who did not experience vitreous reflux (30/38 [78.9%]) at the site of injection had a significant initial elevation of IOP that rapidly normalized. Patients who experienced vitreous reflux (8/38 [21.1%]) at the site of injection had either no change in IOP or a small drop in IOP that rapidly normalized. The IOP measured in millimeters of mercury immediately after injection (45.9 [no reflux], 12.6 [reflux]), 2 minutes after injection (39.9 [no reflux], 13.5 [reflux]), 5 minutes after injection (33.3 [no reflux], 13.8 [reflux]), 10 minutes after injection (26.4 [no reflux], 15.1 [reflux]), and 20 minutes after injection (21.8 [no reflux], 15.0 [reflux]) showed a statistically significant difference between the 2 groups. The difference in IOP between the 2 groups was not significant at baseline or 30 minutes after injection. At 30 minutes, 90% (95% confidence interval, 85.8%-95.2%) of patients without vitreous reflux had an IOP < 24 mmHg.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Patients undergoing intravitreal injection of TA with no vitreous reflux have a risk of short-term elevation of IOP that rapidly normalizes over 30 minutes. In patients with vitreous reflux after the injection, the IOP declines immediately after injection and rapidly normalizes over 10 minutes.
authors.affiliation: Cullen Eye Institute, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA. mattbenz@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Matthew S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Benz
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Albini
authors.forename: Eric R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Holz
authors.forename: Rohit R
authors.initials: RR
authors.lastname: Lakhanpal
authors.forename: Andrew C
authors.initials: AC
authors.lastname: Westfall
authors.forename: Mohan N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Iyer
authors.forename: Petros E
authors.initials: PE
authors.lastname: Carvounis
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy; D014065:Tonometry, Ocular; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D014222:Triamcinolone Acetonide