title: DNA vaccination can protect Cyprinus Carpio against spring viraemia of carp virus.
abstract: Several DNA constructs containing the spring viraemia of carp virus (SVCV) glycoprotein (G) gene were investigated for their ability to induce protection against SVCV following injection into myofibres. The constructs were pooled into four groups and co-injected with a plasmid encoding murine granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor. Group 1 contained one full-length and two truncated G constructs under the control of the cytomegalovirus (CMV) promoter. Group 2 contained full-length constructs with the CMV promoter, the simian virus 40 promoter and a muscle-specific promoter. Group 3 contained constructs in which the G-gene was fused with a second gene in order to improve secretion of the G-protein or to enhance destruction of transfected myocytes by T cells. Group 4 contained constructs with the CMV-Intron A promoter in plasmids with or without CpG motifs. A small-scale trial in goldfish showed that antibody responses in at least half the fish were induced by three injections of plasmids from Groups 1 and 3 whereas T-cell like responses with stimulation indices of above 3 were induced in at least half the fish by Groups 2 and 4. A single-dose of each plasmid mix was then used to protect carp in a large-scale trial. Following challenge with a heterologous strain of SVCV that killed 64% of fish, the strongest protection was observed in carp that received the full length G-gene expressed by two plasmids driven by the CMV-Intron A promoter (Group 4), with a relative percentage survival of 48% (p=0.00008).
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Infectious Diseases, The Royal Veterinary College, Royal College Street, London NW1 0TU, UK.
authors.forename: Theofanis
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kanellos
authors.forename: Ian D
authors.initials: ID
authors.lastname: Sylvester
authors.forename: Felicity
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: D'Mello
authors.forename: Colin R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Howard
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mackie
authors.forename: Peter F
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Dixon
authors.forename: Kin-Chow
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ramstad
authors.forename: Paul J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Midtlyng
authors.forename: Peter H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Russell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002347:Carps / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology*; D005393:Fish Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology*; D012621:Seasons; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000276:immunology*; D014766:Viremia / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*; D014777:Virus Diseases / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000662:veterinary*
chemical_list: D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014765:Viral Vaccines