Statin therapy and autoimmune disease: from protein prenylation to immunomodulation.
Statins have been prescribed extensively for their cholesterol-lowering properties and efficacy in cardiovascular disease. However, compelling evidence now exists that statins also have extensive immunomodulatory properties that operate independently of lipid lowering. Consequently, much attention has been directed towards their potential as therapeutic agents for the treatment of autoimmune disease. Modulation of post-translational protein prenylation seems to be a key mechanism by which statins alter immune function. In this Review, the effect of statin therapy on immune function, and how this relates to the pathogenesis of autoimmune disease, is reviewed alongside current opinion of what the key biological targets of statins are.
Greenwood
John
J
Department of Cell Biology, Institute of Ophthalmology, University College London, London EC1V 9EL, UK. j.greenwood@ucl.ac.uk
Steinman
Lawrence
L
Zamvil
Scott S
SS
D000818:Animals; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism*; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D006801:Humans; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000378:metabolism*; D017368:Protein Prenylation
D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; D007155:Immunologic Factors