title: Modulation of the systemic inflammatory response by recombinant human interleukin-11: a prospective randomized placebo controlled clinical study in patients with hematological malignancy.
abstract: The immunomodulatory activities of recombinant human interleukin-11 (rhIL-11) were investigated in a clinical trial among patients with hematological malignancy, randomized to either rhIL-11 or placebo throughout chemotherapy. Daily serum concentrations of sTNFRI, IL-6, IL-8, TNFalpha, and CRP were measured. Higher sTNFRI levels [mean pg/ml (95% CI)] were detected in patients receiving rhIL-11 compared to placebo [1749.7 (1626-1882.9) versus 1038.5 (953.3-1131.3)] respectively (P = 0.01) for all 898 observations and during febrile days [2327.6 (2142.6-2528.2) versus 1308.9 (1163-1473.2), P = 0.12] and during days without infection [1406.6 (1266.1-1563) versus 871.3 (774.9-979.6), P < 0.001]. A similar pattern in CRP concentrations was observed. Multivariate analysis indicated rhIL-11 was associated with elevated sTNFRI or CRP independent of infectious episodes and other factors. 7 patients (all receiving placebo) of 40 had elevated TNFalpha levels. IL-6 and IL-8 levels were not substantially affected by rhIL-11. Bacteremia, fungal infections, and fever of unknown origin (FUO) were reduced in rhIL-11-treated patients. Given the role of sTNFRI in dampening the deleterious effects of a hyperactive TNFalpha environment, rhIL-11-induced upregulation of sTNFRI shedding is a potentially important mechanism for modulating immune and inflammatory responses in humans.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al-Ain, UAE. michael.ellis@uaeu.ae
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ellis
authors.forename: Ulla
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Hedstrom
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Frampton
authors.forename: Hussain
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Alizadeh
authors.forename: Jorgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kristensen
authors.forename: Fuad V
authors.initials: FV
authors.lastname: Shammas
authors.forename: Basel K
authors.initials: BK
authors.lastname: al-Ramadi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017370:Interleukin-11 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015850:Interleukin-6 / Q000097:blood; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000097:blood; D007951:Leukemia, Myeloid / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D054198:Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I / Q000097:blood; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; C508611:IL11 protein, human; D017370:Interleukin-11; D015850:Interleukin-6; D016209:Interleukin-8; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D002097:C-Reactive Protein