Person, personality, self, and identity: a philosophically informed conceptual analysis.
Who is the person, or self, associated with personality disorder and its treatment? How are we to account for a self conceptualized in terms of schemas and representations, that at the same time--as self--scrutinizes these schemas and representations (as in cognitive therapy for personality disorders)? Five approaches to personhood are examined: metaphysical, empirical, transcendental, hermeneutical, and phenomenological. An elementary sense of selfhood is tied to all one's experiences and activities; this sense of self is experientially irreducible and conceptually connected to a primordial form of self-relatedness. After examining these issues, I formulate four provisional conclusions: (a) the separation between person and roles (functions, personality features) is a modern fiction--persons are not neutral bearers of roles and functions; (b) the concept of personality in DSM-IV refers to nonhomogeneous behaviors such as feelings, moods, inclinations, temperaments, and habits, and these behaviors differ with respect to their distance to the core self; (c) there exists an enormous variety of ways of self-relating and this variety may affect the contents of the core self under certain circumstances; and (d) the concept of person may be primitive; that is, irreducible and referring to a background of unity and integrity.
Glas
Gerrit
G
Department of Philosophy, University of Leiden, The Netherlands. glasg@xs4all.nl
D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D006801:Humans; D007062:Identification, Psychological; D007206:Individuality; D015588:Observer Variation; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000628:therapy*; D028723:Personhood; D011594:Psychometrics; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012649:Self Concept; D012933:Social Identification; D009626:Terminology as Topic