title: Inhibition of 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) endocytosis by ouabain in human endothelial cells.
abstract: 3-(4,5-Dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) uptake and reduction is widely used to evaluate cell proliferation and viability. MTT is taken up by the cells through endocytosis. We find that ouabain (1-200 nM) inhibits MTT reduction in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) without affecting cell viability. Ouabain does not inhibit MTT reduction when cell lysates substituted for the intact cells. Disruption of caveolae by cholesterol depletion, completely prevents the effect of ouabain. Treatment of HUVEC with Src inhibitor 4-amino-5-(4-chlorophenyl)-7-(t-butyl)pyrazolo[3,4-d]pyrimidine partially abrogates the inhibitory effect of ouabain. The data suggest that ouabain interaction with caveolar Na/K-ATPase inhibits MTT endocytosis through the activation of signaling proteins such as Src kinase.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology and Anaesthesiology, Egidio Meneghetti, University of Padua, 35131 Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Trevisi
authors.forename: Isabella
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pighin
authors.forename: Sara
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bazzan
authors.forename: Sisto
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Luciani
mesh_terms: D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D002784:Cholesterol / Q000378:metabolism; D004705:Endocytosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D010042:Ouabain / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013844:Thiazoles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014470:Umbilical Cord / Q000166:cytology; D019061:src-Family Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002784:Cholesterol; D048049:Extracellular Signal-Regulated MAP Kinases; D010042:Ouabain; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D000081082:Phosphoinositide-3 Kinase Inhibitors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D013778:Tetrazolium Salts; D013844:Thiazoles; D019061:src-Family Kinases; C022616:thiazolyl blue