title: In vivo imaging of intradermal tattoos by confocal scanning laser microscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In vivo confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM) is a new method for high-resolution imaging of intact skin in situ. Horizontal mapping of the outer skin is provided (magnification x 1000).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  Tattooing is popular all over the world; however, tattooed skin has not been studied in using CLSM.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tattoos in two volunteers were studied using the Vivascope1500 of Lucid Inc. Subepidermal massive deposits of dense, clustered pigment granules up to about 3 mum in size corresponding to black tattoos, and more scarce and diffuse deposits, corresponding to red, blue and green tattoos, were observed. Diffuse pigment granules tended to accumulate in the outer dermis underneath the level of the basement membrane zone.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dermal pigments from tattoos can be imaged in vivo using CLSM. This application of CLSM has an important future potential for pre-evaluation of tattoos before laser removal, predicting good or poor outcome of laser removal.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Bispebjerg Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark. kenmockjp@yahoo.co.jp
authors.forename: Ken-ichiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: O'goshi
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Suihko
authors.forename: Jørgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Serup
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D046169:Dermoscopy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal / Q000379:methods*; D008875:Middle Aged; D010865:Pilot Projects; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012867:Skin / Q000166:cytology*; D013653:Tattooing