title: Two-generation reproductive toxicity studies in rats with extra parameters for detecting endocrine disrupting activity: introductory overview of results for nine chemicals.
abstract: Two-generation reproductive toxicity studies using rats of benzophenone, n-butylbenzene, butyl benzyl phthalate, 2,4-dichlorophenol, dicychlohexyl phthalate, diethyl phthalate, 4-nitrotoluene, lindane and vinclozolin, were performed to investigate whether these chemicals have endocrine-mediated effects with the support of the Ministry of Economy, Trade and Industry and the Ministry of the Environment. Benzophenone exposure was via the diet at concentrations of 0, 100, 450 or 2000 ppm, n-butylbenzene was administered orally by gavage at dose levels of 0, 30, 100 or 300 mg/kg/day, butyl benzyl phthalate was administered orally by gavage at dose levels of 0, 100, 200, or 400 mg/kg/day, 2,4-dichlorophenol was administered in the diet at concentrations of 0, 500, 2000 or 8000 ppm, dicyclohexyl phthalate was given in the diet at concentrations of 0, 240, 1200 or 6000 ppm, diethyl phthalate was administered in the diet at concentrations of 0, 600, 3000 or 15000 ppm, 4-nitrotoluene was administered orally by gavage at doses of 0, 40, 80, or 160 mg/kg/day, lindane exposure was in the diet at concentrations of 0, 10, 60, or 300 ppm, and vinclozolin treatment was by feeding diet at concentrations of 0, 40, 200 or 1000 ppm.
authors.affiliation: Chemicals Evaluation and Research Institute, 3-822 Ishii, Hita, Oita 877-0061, Japan. yamasaki-kanji@ceri.jp
authors.forename: Kanji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamasaki
authors.forename: Michihito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takahashi
authors.forename: Mineo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yasuda
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D052244:Endocrine Disruptors / Q000737:chemistry / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011297:Prenatal Exposure Delayed Effects / Q000139:chemically induced*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D036401:Toxicity Tests, Chronic / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D052244:Endocrine Disruptors