title: A novel bronchial ring bioassay for the evaluation of small airway smooth muscle function in mice.
abstract: Advances in our understanding of murine airway physiology have been hindered by the lack of suitable, ex vivo, small airway bioassay systems. In this study, we introduce a novel small murine airway bioassay system that permits the physiological and pharmacological study of intrapulmonary bronchial smooth muscle via a bronchial ring (BR) preparation utilizing BR segments as small as 200 microm in diameter. Using this ex vivo BR bioassay, we characterized small airway smooth muscle contraction and relaxation in the presence and absence of bronchial epithelium. In control BRs, the application of mechanical stretch is followed by spontaneous bronchial smooth muscle relaxation. BRs pretreated with methacholine (MCh) partially attenuate this stretch-induced relaxation by as much as 42% compared with control. MCh elicited a dose-dependent bronchial constriction with a maximal tension (E(max)) of 8.7 +/- 0.2 mN at an EC(50) of 0.33 +/- 0.02 microM. In the presence of nifedipine, ryanodine, 2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate, and SKF-96365, E(max) to MCh was significantly reduced. In epithelium-denuded BRs, MCh-induced contraction was significantly enhanced to 11.4 +/- 1.0 mN with an EC(50) of 0.16 +/- 0.04 microM (P < 0.01). Substance P relaxed MCh-precontracted BR by 62.1%; however, this bronchial relaxation effect was completely lost in epithelium-denuded BRs. Papaverine virtually abolished MCh-induced constriction in both epithelium-intact and epithelium-denuded bronchial smooth muscle. In conclusion, this study introduces a novel murine small airway BR bioassay that allows for the physiological study of smooth muscle airway contractile responses that may aid in our understanding of the pathophysiology of asthma.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pulmonary, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, NC 27710, USA.
authors.forename: John Q
authors.initials: JQ
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Dennis
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Rodney J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Folz
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001681:Biological Assay / Q000379:methods*; D001896:Boron Compounds / Q000494:pharmacology; D001980:Bronchi / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000378:metabolism; D016085:Bronchoconstrictor Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D016210:Methacholine Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000502:physiology; D009130:Muscle, Smooth / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D009543:Nifedipine / Q000494:pharmacology; D010208:Papaverine / Q000494:pharmacology; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D020545:Respiratory Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D012433:Ryanodine / Q000494:pharmacology; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013373:Substance P / Q000494:pharmacology; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D001896:Boron Compounds; D016085:Bronchoconstrictor Agents; D002121:Calcium Channel Blockers; D007093:Imidazoles; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D016210:Methacholine Chloride; D012433:Ryanodine; D013373:Substance P; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D010208:Papaverine; C109986:2-aminoethoxydiphenyl borate; C063159:1-(2-(3-(4-methoxyphenyl)propoxy)-4-methoxyphenylethyl)-1H-imidazole; D009543:Nifedipine