Obesity and cardiovascular disease: pathophysiology, evaluation, and effect of weight loss.
Obesity is becoming a global epidemic in both children and adults, and it is associated with numerous co-morbidities such as cardiovascular diseases (CVD), type 2 diabetes, hypertension, certain cancers, and sleep apnea/sleep-disordered breathing. In fact, is an independent risk factor for CVD and CVD risks have been also documented in obese children, and is associated with reduced life expectancy. A variety of adaptations/alterations in cardiac structure and function occur in the individual as adipose tissue accumulates in excess amount. As a whole, overweight/obesity predispose or is associated with numerous cardiac complications such as coronary heart disease, heart failure, and sudden death through its impact on the cardiovascular system.
Poirier
Paul
P
Quebec Heart and Lung Institute, Sainte-Foy, Canada. paul.poirier@crhl.ulaval.ca
Giles
Thomas D
TD
Bray
George A
GA
Hong
Yuling
Y
Stern
Judith S
JS
Pi-Sunyer
F Xavier
FX
Eckel
Robert H
RH
D001145:Arrhythmias, Cardiac / Q000209:etiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000517:prevention & control; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000209:etiology; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D006296:Health Services; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000209:etiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000150:complications*; D011655:Pulmonary Embolism / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D014689:Venous Insufficiency / Q000209:etiology; D020246:Venous Thrombosis / Q000209:etiology; D015431:Weight Loss