title: Valine requirements for immune and growth responses in broilers from 3 to 6 weeks of age.
abstract: Four experiments were conducted to evaluate valine (Val) requirements in Ross 508 broilers from 3 to 6 weeks of age. Common diets were fed to broilers until 3 weeks of age. Growth and carcass measurements were taken in all experiments. Immune responsiveness measurements were taken in Experiments 1 and 2. Birds given 7.2 g Val/kg of diet in Experiment 1 had more abdominal fat than birds given 8.2 g Val/kg of diet, but there were no differences in growth or other carcass measurements. Because growth performance was not reduced in birds given 7.2 g Val/kg of diet, Val concentration was reduced to 6.4 g Val/kg of diet in Experiments 2 and 3. Increasing Val from 6.4 to 8.7 g Val/kg of diet resulted in linear increases for BW gain, feed efficiency and Val intake in male birds, and Val intake in female birds. Quadratic responses to increasing dietary Val were not observed in any experiment. There were no effects of Val on innate or adaptive immunity. A nonessential amino acid mixture containing the same nitrogen content as the L-Val additions in Experiment 4 was added and tends to support the idea that the responses to Val were specific and not due to increases in total nitrogen. Dose responses to Val resulted in male, but not female, birds given 7.3 g Val/kg of diet having improved BW gain and feed efficiency compared with birds receiving 6.4 g Val/kg of diet.
authors.affiliation: Department of Poultry Science, Mississippi State University, MS, USA.
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Thornton
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Corzo
authors.forename: G T
authors.initials: GT
authors.lastname: Pharr
authors.forename: W A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Dozier Iii
authors.forename: D M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Miles
authors.forename: M T
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Kidd
mesh_terms: D050153:Abdominal Fat; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000254:growth & development* / Q000276:immunology*; D004044:Dietary Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009751:Nutritional Requirements; D011897:Random Allocation; D012737:Sex Factors; D014633:Valine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D015430:Weight Gain / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D004044:Dietary Proteins; D014633:Valine