title: The effects of the ketogenic diet in refractory partial seizures with reference to tuberous sclerosis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Tuberous sclerosis complex (OMIM 191100) is a multiorgan disease commonly associated with epilepsy refractory to anticonvulsants. Individual reports indicate that seizures in children with tuberous sclerosis might benefit from a ketogenic diet. We studied the effects of the diet introduced at 3.5 years of age in three boys with tuberous sclerosis and refractory partial seizures.
  
  
  METHODS
  On admission a classical LCT ketogenic diet was initiated and patients were followed for 12 months. Antiepileptic drugs were maintained unless adverse effects required reduction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Two patients became seizure-free within 2 months on the diet. In the third patient drop attacks decreased significantly. On follow-up the diet was well accepted and without adverse effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The ketogenic diet should be considered as a treatment option for children with tuberous sclerosis and partial seizures refractory to anticonvulsants. Our data support the need for further studies in larger cohorts to confirm the effectiveness of the ketogenic diet in this entity.
authors.affiliation: Clinic of Child Neuropsychiatry, Second University of Naples, Naples, Italy. giangennaro.coppola@unina2.it
authors.forename: Giangennaro
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Coppola
authors.forename: Jörg
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Klepper
authors.forename: Eduardo
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ammendola
authors.forename: Monica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fiorillo
authors.forename: Rita
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: della Corte
authors.forename: Guglielmo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Capano
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pascotto
mesh_terms: D000927:Anticonvulsants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004828:Epilepsies, Partial / Q000150:complications* / Q000178:diet therapy*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014402:Tuberous Sclerosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000209:etiology*
chemical_list: D000927:Anticonvulsants