title: Translation, cross-cultural adaptation, reliability, and validity of the German version of the Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ-D).
abstract: The aim of this study was to translate and cross-culturally adapt the American version of the Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ) and to test the reliability and validity of the German version (CSQ-D). The CSQ was translated and cross-culturally adapted following international guidelines. Reliability and validity were tested in 62 individuals with chronic musculoskeletal pain syndromes. For the concurrent criterion-related validity the CSQ-D scales were compared with the German Pain Coping Questionnaire (FESV-BW), and for the construct validity with the German Short Form 36 (SF-36). The translation process proceeded without major difficulties. In testing for reliability, the CSQ-D as a whole had a Cronbach's alpha of .94 and an intraclass correlation coefficient of .89 (95% CI .86-.98). The total CSQ-D score was correlated to the FESV-BW scales with scores of r = 0.32-0.55 and with the SF-36 Mental Component Summary with scores of r = 0.32-0.53. The CSQ-D is a precisely translated and highly reliable instrument in the assessment of chronic pain coping strategies. Its concurrent criterion-related validity and construct validity are low. The main reason for the low level of agreement between the CSQ-D and the FESV-BW was revealed by factor analysis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This paper presents the German version of the Coping Strategies Questionnaire (CSQ-D) together with the results of clinimetric testing. The CSQ-D is a feasible and reliable outcome measure to be used in trials with German-speaking patients or large multicenter multinational trials to assess pain coping strategies in patients with chronic musculoskeletal pain.
authors.affiliation: RehaClinic, Zurzach, Switzerland. m.verra@rehaclinic.ch
authors.forename: Martin L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Verra
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Angst
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lehmann
authors.forename: André
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Aeschlimann
mesh_terms: D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002908:Chronic Disease; D003431:Cross-Cultural Comparison; D005260:Female; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009140:Musculoskeletal Diseases / Q000150:complications*; D010146:Pain / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology*; D011788:Quality of Life; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D013548:Sweden