Moral discord, cognitive coping strategies, and medical intensive care unit nurses: insights from a focus group study.
Moral discord occurs when contextual factors prevent nurses from implementing felt moral mandates. Medical intensive care unit (MICU) nurses frequently confront moral issues and hold themselves personally responsible for their moral actions. They use a variety of cognitive coping strategies to deal with moral discord. This article describes common moral dilemmas encountered by MICU nurses, explores patterns of both conscious and unconscious cognitive coping behaviors, and reviews steps that nurses can take to reduce the degree of moral discord they experience.
Badger
James M
JM
Department of Nursing, Rhode Island Hospital, Providence, USA. jbadger@Lifespan.Org
O'Connor
Bonnie
B
D000223:Adaptation, Psychological / Q000941:ethics; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002755:Choice Behavior / Q000941:ethics; D003071:Cognition; D003422:Critical Care / Q000941:ethics / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000523:psychology*; D003659:Decision Making, Organizational; D034462:Dissent and Disputes; D017144:Focus Groups; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006301:Health Services Needs and Demand; D006801:Humans; D018447:Medical Futility; D009014:Morals; D024802:Nurse's Role / Q000523:psychology; D015404:Nursing Methodology Research; D009741:Nursing Staff, Hospital / Q000941:ethics / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000523:psychology*; D010344:Patient Advocacy / Q000941:ethics / Q000523:psychology; D011340:Problem Solving; D012941:Social Responsibility; D014473:Unconscious, Psychology