Upgrade of a single chamber endo-epicardial to a triple chamber biventricular implantable cardioverter-defibrillator.
In patients with heart failure implanted with conventional pacemakers, cardiac resynchronization therapy results in significant benefits. The upgrade of previously implanted devices to biventricular pacing may be technically challenging. We report one case of upgrade to biventricular pacing and describe the related technical implications and the therapeutic solutions adopted.
Occhetta
Eraldo
E
Division of Cardiology, University of Piemonte Orientale, Novara, Italy. occhetta@r-j.it
Bortnik
Miriam
M
Pasin
Federica
F
Marino
Paolo
P
D000368:Aged; D002304:Cardiac Pacing, Artificial; D017147:Defibrillators, Implantable; D004567:Electrodes, Implanted; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male