title: The resident view of professionalism behavior frequency in outstanding and "not outstanding" faculty.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Professionalism assessment has become necessary for all postgraduate training programs because it is now required for accreditation. To validate the novel items we generated to assess professionalism, we tested whether residents' ratings of faculty they judged as outstanding in professionalism would be distinguishable from those they judged as not outstanding.
  
  
  METHODS
  Educators from core clinical disciplines generated 20 items assessing professionalism behaviors on a 7-point frequency scale anchored by "always" and "never." Thirty-five surgical and pediatric residents completed the form twice, anonymously rating 1 faculty member they judged as outstanding and another they judged as not outstanding.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The residents produced 69 faculty ratings with means that differed significantly on all items between the outstanding and not-outstanding faculty. The form was highly unidimensional, with the primary factor's eigenvalue being 11.5 and Cronbach's alpha being 0.97. Groups differed most on items, ie, "listens well," "inspires trust," "answers questions directly," and "demonstrates respect for all."
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The behaviors that best distinguished clinical faculty judged by residents as outstanding professionals were listening, trustworthiness, answering directly, and respect.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Iowa Hospitals and Clinics, 200 Hawkins Dr, Iowa City, IA 52242-1009, USA. kimberly-ephgrave@uiowa.edu
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ephgrave
authors.forename: R Brent
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Stansfield
authors.forename: Jerold
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Woodhead
authors.forename: W John
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Sharp
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lawrence
mesh_terms: D002983:Clinical Competence; D004503:Education, Medical, Graduate / Q000592:standards*; D005180:Faculty, Medical / Q000592:standards*; D013502:General Surgery / Q000193:education; D006801:Humans; D007396:Internship and Residency; D010372:Pediatrics / Q000193:education; D012655:Self-Evaluation Programs