title: Key bacterial multi-centered metal enzymes involved in nitrate and sulfate respiration.
abstract: Many essential life processes, such as photosynthesis, respiration, nitrogen fixation, depend on transition metal ions and their ability to catalyze multi-electron redox and hydrolytic transformations. Here we review some recent structural studies on three multi-site metal enzymes involved in respiratory processes which represent important branches within the global cycles of nitrogen and sulfur: (i) the multi-heme enzyme cytochrome c nitrite reductase, (ii) the FAD, FeS-enzyme adenosine-5'-phosphosulfate reductase, and (iii) the siroheme, FeS-enzyme sulfite reductase. Structural information comes from X-ray crystallography and spectroscopical techniques, in special cases catalytically competent intermediates could be trapped and characterized by X-ray crystallography.
authors.affiliation: Fachbereich Biologie, Universität Konstanz, Konstanz, Germany.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Fritz
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Einsle
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rudolf
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schiffer
authors.forename: P M H
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Kroneck
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000378:metabolism*; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D045263:Cytochromes a1 / Q000378:metabolism; D003575:Cytochromes c1 / Q000378:metabolism; D004579:Electron Transport; D005560:Formate Dehydrogenases / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009565:Nitrate Reductases / Q000378:metabolism; D009566:Nitrates / Q000378:metabolism*; D013431:Sulfates / Q000378:metabolism*; D050889:Sulfite Reductase (Ferredoxin) / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D009566:Nitrates; D013431:Sulfates; D045263:Cytochromes a1; D003575:Cytochromes c1; D005560:Formate Dehydrogenases; C020644:Formate dehydrogenase (cytochrome); D009565:Nitrate Reductases; D050889:Sulfite Reductase (Ferredoxin); C054690:nitrate reductase (cytochrome)