title: Decrease in rat internal anal pressure with the use of a topical ointment containing a killed E. coli culture suspension.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The present study aimed to clarify the mechanisms of a topical ointment containing an Escherichia coli culture suspension and hydrocortisone (Posterisan forte, BCS+HC) in lowering internal anal pressure in conscious rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Internal anal pressure was measured using a water-filled balloon system for consecutive 10-min periods. The changes in pressure were evaluated by the number of peaks above 20 mmH2O between 1 and 8 min of recording.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Topical intra-anal application of BCS+HC ointment (160 mg/kg) significantly decreased the internal anal pressure at 3 h after the application. Thereafter, this effect reached a maximum decrease at 4 h and lasted until 6 h. BCS+HC ointment (40, 80, and 160 mg/kg) lowered the internal anal pressure at 4-5 h in a dose-dependent manner. The maximum decrease ratios of the ointment and corresponding hydrocortisone-free ointment (Posterisan, BCS) were 32.6+/-12.7 and 25.7+/-9.0%, respectively, revealing significant pressure-lowering effects compared with a placebo (P<0.05). In contrast, the same ointment containing hydrocortisone alone and other ointments containing steroids or local anesthetics had no effects.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment with 1 mg/kg NG-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester HCl (L-NAME), a non-selective nitric oxide synthase inhibitor, significantly suppressed the effect of BCS+HC ointment (160 mg/kg) in lowering the internal anal pressure. Furthermore, BCS+HC ointment (160 mg/kg) significantly lowered capsaicin-induced high internal anal pressure compared to a placebo.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that BCS+HC and BCS ointments containing an E. coli culture suspension significantly lowered the internal anal pressure due to endogenous nitric oxide production in conscious rats.
authors.affiliation: Research Laboratories, Kyoto R&D Center, Maruho Co. Ltd., 93 Awata-cho, Chudoji, Shimogyo-ku, 600-8815, Kyoto, Japan. kido_afd@mii.maruho.co.jp
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kido
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yasukawa
authors.forename: Tsuyoshi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hirota
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Shindo
authors.forename: Tomohiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Naruse
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D001003:Anal Canal / Q000187:drug effects*; D000818:Animals; D004926:Escherichia coli; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008365:Manometry; D023421:Models, Animal; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis; D009824:Ointments / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011312:Pressure; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D009824:Ointments; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D006854:Hydrocortisone