title: Patterns of serum type 1 and type 2 immune markers in healthy carriers of HTLV-I.
abstract: Type 1 immunity appears to be diminished in healthy Japanese carriers of human T-lymphotropic virus type I (HTLV-I), but type 2 status remains undetermined. To further examine the subclinical effect of HTLV-I on host immunity, we measured serum antibodies to the Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in 415 healthy Japanese adults to broadly characterize type 1 status. Levels of the type 2 biomarkers total immunoglobulin E (IgE), soluble CD23 (sCD23), and soluble CD30 (sCD30) were assessed in 167, 142, and 135 of these subjects, respectively. We analyzed the association of HTLV-I with levels of each serum marker using linear and logistic regression. Altered EBV antibody profiles that are consistent with deficient type 1 immunity were more prevalent in HTLV-I carriers than non-carriers (odds ratio (OR) = 2.8, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.5-5.3). Carriers also had 45% lower total IgE levels (P = 0.04) than non-carriers. In contrast, HTLV-I infection was not significantly associated with elevated levels of sCD23 or sCD30. These observations are contrary to our expectation of elevated type 2 biomarkers among carriers. We conclude that in this population, healthy carriers of HTLV-I may have subclinical deficiencies in both type 1 and type 2 immunity, and that type 1 and type 2 immunity are not necessarily reciprocal in persons with subclinical immune dysregulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology, Harvard School of Public Health, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, USA. bbirmann@hsph.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Brenda M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Birmann
authors.forename: Nancy E
authors.initials: NE
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: Akihiko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Okayama
authors.forename: Chung-Cheng
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Hsieh
authors.forename: Hirohito
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tsubouchi
authors.forename: Donald
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Harn
authors.forename: Sherri O
authors.initials: SO
authors.lastname: Stuver
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000914:Antibodies, Viral / Q000097:blood; D002353:Carrier State / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology; D015490:HTLV-I Infections / Q000097:blood* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human; D006801:Humans; D007073:Immunoglobulin E / Q000097:blood; D017730:Ki-1 Antigen / Q000097:blood; D016014:Linear Models; D017455:Receptors, IgE / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D000914:Antibodies, Viral; D017730:Ki-1 Antigen; D017455:Receptors, IgE; D007073:Immunoglobulin E