Changes in the mutagenic and estrogenic activities of 17beta-estradiol after treatment with nitrite.
We determined the changes in the mutagenic and estrogenic activities of 17beta-estradiol after a nitrite treatment. Nitrite-treated 17beta-estradiol showed mutagenic activities toward Salmonella typhimurium strains TA 100 and TA 98. We confirmed that nitrite-treated 17beta-estradiol generated radicals from the results of an analysis of electron spin resonance. By applying an instrumental analysis, we identified 2-nitro-17beta-estradiol to have been formed in the reaction mixture. 2-Nitro-17beta-estradiol did not exhibit mutagenic activities toward Salmonella typhimurium strains, suggesting that other mutagens might have been formed in the reaction mixture. The clastogenic properties of nitrite-treated 17beta-estradiol and 2-nitro-17beta-estradiol were analyzed by a micronucleus test with male ICR mice. Nitrite-treated 17beta-estradiol and 2-nitro-17beta-estradiol induced a significantly higher frequency of micronucleated reticulocytes in mice. The estrogenic activity of 2-nitro-17beta-estradiol was found to be lower than that of 17beta-estradiol. These data suggest that a daily oral intake of 17beta-estradiol and nitrite might induce the formation of mutagenic compounds in our body.
Masuda
Shuichi
S
Department of Food and Nutritional Sciences, Graduate School of Nutritional and Environmental Sciences, University of Shizuoka, Shizuoka, Japan. masudas@u-shizuoka-ken.ac.jp
Terashima
Yumeko
Y
Sano
Ayako
A
Okada
Masaki
M
Deguchi
Yuya
Y
Toyoizumi
Tomoyasu
T
Sugiyama
Chitose
C
Kumazawa
Shigenori
S
Kamihira
Miya
M
Yoshioka
Hisashi
H
Terao
Yoshiyasu
Y
Kinae
Naohide
N
D000818:Animals; D004578:Electron Spin Resonance Spectroscopy; D004958:Estradiol / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D015394:Molecular Structure; D009153:Mutagens / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009573:Nitrites / Q000737:chemistry*; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen / Q000378:metabolism; D012486:Salmonella typhimurium / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects
D009153:Mutagens; D009573:Nitrites; D011960:Receptors, Estrogen; D004958:Estradiol