title: Prostaglandin E1 attenuates impairment of cellular immunity after cardiopulmonary bypass.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is well documented that cardiopulmonary bypass (CPB) severely impairs cellular immunity. The objective of this study was to investigate the effect of prostaglandin E1 (PGE1) on cellular immunity after CPB.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients who underwent elective cardiac surgery were randomly divided into the PGE1 group (n=12) and the control group (n=12). In the PGE1 group, PGE1 was administered at 20 ng/kg/min from just after the induction of anesthesia to the end of surgery. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were taken before anesthesia and on postoperative days 1, 3 and 7 (POD 1, POD 3 and POD 7). Proliferation responses of T cells to phytohemagglutinin (PHA) and pure protein derivative (PPD) antigen were measured as indicators of cellular immunity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  PGE1 significantly attenuated the impairment of both PHA and PPD response after cardiac surgery on POD 1 (PHA response, 30 +/- 21% vs. 53 +/- 32%, control vs. PGE, p=0.048; PPD response, 18 +/- 21% vs. 39 +/- 27%, control vs. PGE, p=0.046). The reduced glutathione content of PBMCs in the control group was significantly decreased on POD 1.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PGE1 attenuated the impairment of cellular immunity after cardiac surgery with CPB by reducing oxidative stress on PBMCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka, Japan.
authors.forename: Tetsuro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sano
authors.forename: Munetaka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Masuda
authors.forename: Shigeki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morita
authors.forename: Hisataka
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yasui
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000527:Alprostadil / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002315:Cardiopulmonary Bypass / Q000009:adverse effects*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D005260:Female; D005978:Glutathione / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000276:immunology* / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular / Q000187:drug effects; D007963:Leukocytes, Mononuclear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D010835:Phytohemagglutinins / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013601:T-Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D013997:Time Factors; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014373:Tuberculin / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D010835:Phytohemagglutinins; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D014373:Tuberculin; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D000527:Alprostadil; D005978:Glutathione