title: Computed tomography screening for lung cancer: prospects of surviving competing causes of death.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The primary objective of this study was to shed light on the frequency of death from a "competing" cause among persons who enter into computed tomography (CT) screening for lung cancer and to determine the 5- and 10-year rates of death from causes other than lung cancer in a cohort of older smokers and former smokers with the initiation of CT screening for lung cancer.
  
  
  METHODS
  We followed a cohort of 2141 men and women aged 60-75 years with a history of 30-100 pack-years of cigarette smoking who enrolled for CT screening for lung cancer in 1993-2004. The National Death Index retrieval program was used to identify all deaths and causes of death. Follow-up time from the date of the initial CT to death, loss to follow-up, or December 31, 2004, whichever came first, was calculated for each subject. Median duration of follow-up was 50 months (range, 1-133 months). Kaplan-Meier analysis was used to derive the 5- and 10-year survival rates with the exclusion of deaths from lung cancer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The 5- and 10-year survival rates, conditional on not dying from lung cancer, were 96% and 90.7%, respectively. The corresponding 95% confidence intervals were 95%-97% and 88.2%-95.2%, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Older smokers and former smokers seeking and receiving CT screening for lung cancer have a low 10-year risk of dying from causes other than lung cancer, and early treatment of screen-diagnosed cancer can be life-saving.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, Weill Medical College of Cornell University, New York, NY 10021, USA. chensch@med.cornell.edu
authors.forename: Claudia I
authors.initials: CI
authors.lastname: Henschke
authors.forename: Rowena
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Yip
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Yankelevitz
authors.forename: Olli S
authors.initials: OS
authors.lastname: Miettinen
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D002423:Cause of Death; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000401:mortality*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011379:Prognosis; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012907:Smoking / Q000009:adverse effects; D015996:Survival Rate; D036542:Tomography, Spiral Computed