Genistein and daidzein modulate hepatic glucose and lipid regulating enzyme activities in C57BL/KsJ-db/db mice.
This study examines whether anti-diabetic effects of genistein and daidzein are mediated by hepatic glucose and lipid regulating enzyme activities in type 2 diabetic animals. Male C57BL/KsJ-lepr(db)/lepr(db) (db/db) mice and age-matched non-diabetic littermates (db/+) were used in this study. The db/db mice were divided into control, genistein (0.02%, w/w) and daidzein (0.02%, w/w) groups. The blood glucose and HbA(1c) levels were significantly lower in the genistein and daidzein groups than in the control group, while glucose tolerance only was significantly improved in the genistein-supplemented group. The plasma insulin and C-peptide levels did not differ significantly between groups, yet the glucagon level was lower in the genistein and daidzein groups compared to that in the control db/db or db/+ group. The genistein and daidzein supplements increased the insulin/glucagon ratio in the type 2 diabetic animals. While the hepatic glucokinase activity was significantly lower in the db/db control group, the glucose-6-phosphatase and phosphoenolpyruvate carboxykinase activities were significantly higher in the control group compared to the db/+ group. Interestingly, these hepatic glucose metabolizing enzyme activities were reversed by the genistein and daidzein supplementation in db/db mice compared to the control group. The hepatic fatty acid synthase, beta-oxidation and carnitine palmitoyltransferase activities were all significantly lower in the genistein and daidzein groups than in the control group. The genistein and daidzein supplements also improved the plasma total cholesterol, triglyceride, HDL-cholesterol/total cholesterol, free fatty acid and hepatic triglyceride concentrations in the db/db mice. These results suggest that genistein and daidzein exert anti-diabetic effect in type 2 diabetic conditions by enhancing the glucose and lipid metabolism.
Ae Park
Sun
S
Department of Food and Nutrition, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 712-749, South Korea.
Choi
Myung-Sook
MS
Cho
Soo-Yeul
SY
Seo
Jung-Sook
JS
Jung
Un Ju
UJ
Kim
Myung-Joo
MJ
Sung
Mi-Kyung
MK
Park
Yong Bok
YB
Lee
Mi-Kyung
MK
D000818:Animals; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002096:C-Peptide / Q000378:metabolism; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet; D004435:Eating; D019833:Genistein / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005934:Glucagon / Q000378:metabolism; D005947:Glucose / Q000378:metabolism*; D005951:Glucose Tolerance Test; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000378:metabolism; D007328:Insulin / Q000097:blood; D007529:Isoflavones / Q000494:pharmacology*; D020738:Leptin / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects*; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008112:Liver Glycogen / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D048789:Phytoestrogens / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics; D054411:Receptors, Leptin
D002096:C-Peptide; D019833:Genistein; D005934:Glucagon; D005947:Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007328:Insulin; D007529:Isoflavones; D020738:Leptin; D008112:Liver Glycogen; D048789:Phytoestrogens; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D054411:Receptors, Leptin; C004742:daidzein