Efficacy and safety of a once-daily fixed-dose combination of abacavir/lamivudine compared with abacavir twice daily and lamivudine once daily as separate entities in antiretroviral-experienced HIV-1-infected patients (CAL30001 Study).
BACKGROUND
A one-tablet, once-daily abacavir/lamivudine fixed-dose combination (FDC) has been recently approved to treat HIV-1 infection.


METHODS
A randomized, open-label, parallel-group, multicenter study to compare the efficacy and safety of the FDC group to the separate entities (SE) group, in combination with tenofovir and a new protease inhibitor or nonnucleoside reverse transcription inhibitor in antiretroviral-experienced adults experiencing virologic failure (VF). Eligible subjects had viral loads >1000 copies/mL with < or =3 nucleoside reverse transcription inhibitor-associated mutations. The primary efficacy end point was time-average changed from baseline (average area under the curve minus baseline) in plasma HIV-1 RNA over 48 weeks.


RESULTS
A total of 186 subjects were enrolled. The average area under the curve minus baseline was -1.65 and -1.83 log10 copies/mL in the FDC and SE groups, respectively (intention to treat; 95% confidence interval: -0.13, 0.38). Patients in the FDC (50%) and SE groups (47%) achieved viral loads <50 copies/mL based on the time to loss of virologic response algorithm. VF was low and similar in both groups (FDC, 16%; SE, 18%). Tolerability was similar between the 2 groups.


CONCLUSIONS
The FDC group had noninferior efficacy over 48 weeks to the SE group in treatment-experienced subjects with VF.
Lamarca
Anthony
A
Therafirst Medical, Fort Lauderdale, FL, USA.
Clumeck
Nathan
N
Plettenberg
Andreas
A
Domingo
Pere
P
Fu
Kaisong
K
Craig
Charles
C
Zhao
Henry
H
Watson
Maria
M
Gordon
David
D
Scott
Trevor
T
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D015224:Dideoxynucleosides / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012449:Safety; D000099227:Abacavir
D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D015224:Dideoxynucleosides; D019259:Lamivudine; D000099227:Abacavir