title: Fatal interstitial pneumonitis related to rituximab-containing regimen.
abstract: Rituximab, a chimeric anti-CD20 monoclonal antibody, is commonly being used to treat indolent and aggressive B-cell non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. Rituximab is considered a relatively safe drug, but recently, severe and fatal adverse effects related to this drug have been reported. In this regard, we report an 80-year-old patient with follicular grade 3 non-Hodgkin's lymphoma who developed a fatal interstitial pneumonitis related to treatment with a rituximab/CHOP (cyclophosphamide/doxorubicin/vincristine/prednisone) regimen. The pneumonitis was diagnosed on a routine midtreatment positron emission tomography/computed tomography scan when the patient was almost asymptomatic. Pulmonary deterioration occurred as the treatment with rituximab/CHOP was continued. In this article, we also review the literature on rituximab-associated pneumonitis, and we discuss the differential diagnosis with cyclophosphamide-induced lung injury.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology , Tel Aviv Sourasky Medical Center, Sackler Faculty of Medicine, Tel Aviv University, Israel. herishanu@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Yair
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Herishanu
authors.forename: Aaron
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Polliack
authors.forename: Leonor
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Leider-Trejo
authors.forename: Yoel
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Grieff
authors.forename: Ur
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Metser
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Naparstek
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001707:Biopsy, Needle; D003520:Cyclophosphamide / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018450:Disease Progression; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004317:Doxorubicin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D017563:Lung Diseases, Interstitial / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008228:Lymphoma, Non-Hodgkin / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D011239:Prednisolone / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D013902:Radiography, Thoracic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D000069283:Rituximab; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014750:Vincristine / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D058846:Antibodies, Monoclonal, Murine-Derived; D000069283:Rituximab; D014750:Vincristine; D004317:Doxorubicin; D003520:Cyclophosphamide; D011239:Prednisolone