title: Human mesenchymal stem cells exert potent antitumorigenic effects in a model of Kaposi's sarcoma.
abstract: Emerging evidence suggests that both human stem cells and mature stromal cells can play an important role in the development and growth of human malignancies. In contrast to these tumor-promoting properties, we observed that in an in vivo model of Kaposi's sarcoma (KS), intravenously (i.v.) injected human mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) home to sites of tumorigenesis and potently inhibit tumor growth. We further show that human MSCs can inhibit the in vitro activation of the Akt protein kinase within some but not all tumor and primary cell lines. The inhibition of Akt activity requires the MSCs to make direct cell-cell contact and can be inhibited by a neutralizing antibody against E-cadherin. We further demonstrate that in vivo, Akt activation within KS cells is potently down-regulated in areas adjacent to MSC infiltration. Finally, the in vivo tumor-suppressive effects of MSCs correlates with their ability to inhibit target cell Akt activity, and KS tumors engineered to express a constitutively activated Akt construct are no longer sensitive to i.v. MSC administration. These results suggest that in contrast to other stem cells or normal stromal cells, MSCs possess intrinsic antineoplastic properties and that this stem cell population might be of particular utility for treating those human malignancies characterized by dysregulated Akt.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Molecular Biology, Cardiovascular Branch, National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. aykhakoo@mdanderson.org
authors.forename: Aarif Y
authors.initials: AY
authors.lastname: Khakoo
authors.forename: Shibani
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pati
authors.forename: Stasia A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Reid
authors.forename: Mohamed F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Elshal
authors.forename: Ilsa I
authors.initials: II
authors.lastname: Rovira
authors.forename: Ahn T
authors.initials: AT
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Daniela
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Malide
authors.forename: Christian A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Combs
authors.forename: Gentzon
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hall
authors.forename: Jianhu
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Raffeld
authors.forename: Terry B
authors.initials: TB
authors.lastname: Rogers
authors.forename: William
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Stetler-Stevenson
authors.forename: Joseph A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Frank
authors.forename: Marvin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reitz
authors.forename: Toren
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Finkel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000276:immunology; D020350:Graft vs Tumor Effect / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D045164:Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D009374:Neoplasms, Experimental / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt / Q000276:immunology; D012514:Sarcoma, Kaposi / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy; D017154:Stromal Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000637:transplantation; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured
chemical_list: D051058:Oncogene Protein v-akt