Neurologic toxicities of cancer therapies.
Neurologic dysfunction is a well-recognized adverse effect of cancer therapeutics. The most common manifestations include peripheral neuropathy and encephalopathy. Often, symptoms resolve or improve upon removal of the offending agent; therefore, it is essential that clinicians recognize the symptoms and signs of injury. Occasionally, symptoms persist or develop after discontinuation of medication and may culminate in disability and diminished quality of life. As our understanding of neurotoxicity improves, medications with less potential for injury may be developed. In addition, potential antidotes to prevent or reverse injury may emerge. This review focuses on the clinical features, mechanisms, and possible therapeutics of the neurotoxicity of chemotherapy. In particular, oxaliplatin, thalidomide, methotrexate, ifosfamide, cytarabine, amifostine, acetyl-L-carnitine, methylene blue, cytokines, and neurotrophins are discussed.
Cavaliere
Robert
R
Ohio State University, Department of Neurology, Room 463 Means Hall, 1654 Upham Drive, Columbus, OH 43210, USA. robert.cavaliere@osumc.edu
Schiff
David
D
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000628:therapy*; D020258:Neurotoxicity Syndromes / Q000209:etiology*; D009498:Neurotoxins
D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D009498:Neurotoxins