title: Toxocara canis larvae viability after disinfectant-exposition.
abstract: The effect of three routinely used disinfectants on the embryonary development of Toxocara canis eggs was evaluated both in vivo and in vitro. In the in vitro experiment, T. canis eggs were treated with the ethanol, sodium hypochlorite, and one commercial mix of benzalconium chloride and formaldehyde, and the embryonary development was assessed. After a period of 24 days incubation, ethanol was the best disinfectant because it prevented the development of the T. canis larvae 2 in the eggs, and sodium hypochlorite caused degeneration in 50% eggs. By using the commercial mix, 25% T. canis eggs developed to 2nd stage larvae. In the in vivo experiment, the embryonated eggs treated with the disinfectants were inoculated to mice, and their brain tissues were examined for larval presence on the 24th day postinfection. In addition, a control group was set up for comparison with the infected groups. No injury or T. canis larvae were observed in mice infected with sodium hypochlorite-treated eggs, opposite to that recorded in the animals infected with the commercial disinfectant-treated eggs. These results showed that both ethanol and sodium hypochlorite are very appropriate because of their full efficacy against infective T. canis eggs. Disinfection of kennels, animal shelters, cages, and veterinary clinics with one of these products to eliminate T. canis eggs and to avoid contamination is strongly recommended.
authors.affiliation: Parasitology and Parasitic Diseases, Department of Animal Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary, University of Santiago de Compostela, Lugo, 27002, Spain. mopela@lugo.usc.es
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Morrondo
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Díez-Morrondo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Pedreira
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Díez-Baños
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sánchez-Andrade
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paz-Silva
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Díez-Baños
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D004202:Disinfectants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D004285:Dogs; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D005260:Female; D006762:Hospitals, Animal; D007814:Larva / Q000187:drug effects; D008018:Life Cycle Stages; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D010063:Ovum / Q000187:drug effects; D021261:Parasitic Sensitivity Tests; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite / Q000494:pharmacology; D017166:Toxocara canis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000254:growth & development; D014120:Toxocariasis / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D004202:Disinfectants; D000431:Ethanol; D012973:Sodium Hypochlorite