title: The central circulation in congestive heart failure non-invasively evaluated with dynamic positron emission tomography.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Positron emission tomography (PET) with [15O]-H2O-PET (WAT-PET) or [11C]-acetate (AC-PET) quantifies myocardial perfusion and oxidative metabolism, but routine clinical use is hampered by the need for additional investigations to assess cardiac performance.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To apply classical tracer kinetics to dynamic PET could provide important haemodynamic parameters.
  
  
  METHODS
  First-pass PET data were used with indicator dilution techniques to measure stroke volume index (SVI). Early pulmonary retention of [11C]-acetate was converted to standard uptake values (SUV) (Lung(AC-SUV)). Regional lung water (rLW) content was computed from the WAT-PET scan at equilibrium. PET was compared with radionuclide angiography and echocardiography in patients with ischaemic cardiomyopathy with New York Heart Association class II (n = 10) or III (n = 18) congestive heart failure. Elderly male volunteers without heart disease (n = 11) underwent AC-PET as controls.
  
  
  RESULTS
  SVI with both tracers correlated in patients (r = 0.91, P<0.001, estimated standard error = 4 ml m(-2)) and with left ventricular ejection fraction (both tracers r>0.6, P<0.001). SVI was significantly different between all groups (ANOVA: P<0.001). Lung(AC-SUV) correlated with rLW (r = 0.78, P<0.001) and both were elevated in severe heart failure (P<0.05 for both). Elevated Lung(AC-SUV) was associated with a restrictive left ventricular (LV) filling pattern by Doppler echocardiography.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Dynamic PET with first-pass analysis and tracers of myocardial perfusion enables quantification of the haemodynamic consequences of LV systolic and diastolic dysfunctions in ischaemic cardiomyopathy and could be useful in the evaluation of the central circulation in heart failure.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Sciences, Clinical Physiology, Academic Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden. jens.sorensen@uppsala.imanet.se
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sörensen
authors.forename: Bertil
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Andrén
authors.forename: Gunnar
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Blomquist
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ståhle
authors.forename: Bengt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Långström
authors.forename: Göran
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Hedenstierna
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates; D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D019540:Area Under Curve; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D002302:Cardiac Output; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D006333:Heart Failure / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D007201:Indicator Dilution Techniques; D008297:Male; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D011875:Radionuclide Angiography; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes