title: Response to myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury involves Bnip3 and autophagy.
abstract: Ischemia and reperfusion (I/R) injury is associated with extensive loss of cardiac myocytes. Bnip3 is a mitochondrial pro-apoptotic Bcl-2 protein which is expressed in the adult myocardium. To investigate if Bnip3 plays a role in I/R injury, we generated a TAT-fusion protein encoding the carboxyl terminal transmembrane deletion mutant of Bnip3 (TAT-Bnip3DeltaTM) which has been shown to act as a dominant negative to block Bnip3-induced cell death. Perfusion with TAT-Bnip3DeltaTM conferred protection against I/R injury, improved cardiac function, and protected mitochondrial integrity. Moreover, Bnip3 induced extensive fragmentation of the mitochondrial network and increased autophagy in HL-1 myocytes. 3D rendering of confocal images revealed fragmented mitochondria inside autophagosomes. Enhancement of autophagy by ATG5 protected against Bnip3-mediated cell death, whereas inhibition of autophagy by ATG5K130R enhanced cell death. These results suggest that Bnip3 contributes to I/R injury which triggers a protective stress response with upregulation of autophagy and removal of damaged mitochondria.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular and Experimental Medicine, The Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA 92037, USA.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hamacher-Brady
authors.forename: N R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Brady
authors.forename: S E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Logue
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Sayen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jinno
authors.forename: L A
authors.initials: LA
authors.lastname: Kirshenbaum
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Gottlieb
authors.forename: A B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Gustafsson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D001343:Autophagy; D017353:Gene Deletion; D008297:Male; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D008929:Mitochondria, Heart / Q000378:metabolism; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D015428:Myocardial Reperfusion Injury / Q000378:metabolism / Q000503:physiopathology*; D032383:Myocytes, Cardiac / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley
chemical_list: C505650:BNIP3 protein, rat; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D024101:Mitochondrial Proteins; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins