title: The prevalence of voiding difficulty after TVT, its impact on quality of life, and related risk factors.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the prevalence of voiding difficulty (VD), quality of life, and related risk factors after tension-free vaginal tape (TVT).
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort study in 703 women with a TVT procedure for stress urinary incontinence.
  
  
  METHODS
  VD stated by women, Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI-6) question 5 (difficulty in emptying the bladder), maximum flow rate, postvoid residual urine, necessity of postoperative catheterization, tape division, and impact on quality of life (Incontinence Impact Questionnaire, IIQ-7).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Postoperative catheterization (>24 h) was necessary in 11% and tape division in 1.3% of patients. There were 26% of women who stated VD and 25% reported moderate to great impairment on the UDI-6 after 36 months. While the negative impact on the outcome of TVT in women with abnormal voiding compared to women without is higher, the impact decreased significantly after TVT, implying a considerable improvement in quality of life. Pre-operative existing voiding difficulty and concomitant prolapse surgery were independent risk factors.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Symptoms of VD occurred after TVT and caused lesser improvement in quality of life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, St. Elisabeth Hospital, P.O. Box 90151, 5000 Tilburg, LC, The Netherlands. h.vervest@elisabeth.nl
authors.forename: Harry A M
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Vervest
authors.forename: Tanya M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Bisseling
authors.forename: A Peter M
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Heintz
authors.forename: Steven E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Schraffordt Koops
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D011788:Quality of Life; D012307:Risk Factors; D053825:Suburethral Slings; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014550:Urinary Incontinence, Stress / Q000601:surgery; D016055:Urinary Retention / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000009:adverse effects*