title: Laparoscopic appendectomy in children with perforated appendicitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There is persistent controversy regarding the optimal surgical therapy for children with appendicitis. We have recently adopted laparoscopic appendectomy in lieu of the open technique for children with perforated appendicitis. We hypothesized that laparoscopic appendectomy would be as effective as open appendectomy in preventing postoperative complications.
  
  
  METHODS
  We reviewed the medical records of children admitted to our hospital over a 5-year period with the diagnosis of perforated appendicitis. Patients were divided into two groups based on the operative approach: laparoscopic vs. open appendectomy. Demographic data, duration of presenting symptoms, initial white blood cell (WBC) count, length of stay, and complications were abstracted. Data were compared using appropriate statistical analyses.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There was no difference between the laparoscopic (n = 43) and open (n = 77) groups with respect to gender, duration of presenting symptoms, initial WBC, or length of stay. However, patients in the laparoscopic group had a significantly lower complication rate than those in the open group (6/43 vs. 23/77, P = 0.05). Infectious complications were no different between groups. Patients in the laparoscopic group tended to be older than patients in the open group (10.6 +/- 3.3 years vs. 8.5 +/- 4.1 years, P = 0.003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Laparoscopic appendectomy for children with perforated appendicitis has the same infectious complication rate and a lower overall complication rate than open appendectomy. A prospective study with standardized postoperative care would be needed to determine whether laparoscopic appendectomy for children with perforated appendicitis is the treatment of choice, but until then it remains an attractive alternative.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Surgery and Department of Surgery, New York University School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, USA. evan.nadler@med.nyu.edu
authors.forename: Evan P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Nadler
authors.forename: Kimberly K
authors.initials: KK
authors.lastname: Reblock
authors.forename: Faisal G
authors.initials: FG
authors.lastname: Qureshi
authors.forename: David J
authors.initials: DJ
authors.lastname: Hackam
authors.forename: Barbara A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Gaines
authors.forename: Timothy D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Kane
mesh_terms: D001062:Appendectomy / Q000379:methods*; D001064:Appendicitis / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007416:Intestinal Perforation / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome