title: The effects of propofol, isoflurane and sevoflurane on vecuronium infusion rates for surgical muscle relaxation in dogs.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the constant rate infusion (CRI) of vecuronium required to maintain a level of neuromuscular blockade adequate for major surgeries, e.g. thoracotomy or laparotomy, in dogs anaesthetized with a CRI of fentanyl and either propofol, isoflurane or sevoflurane.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized, cross-over study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirteen male beagles (age, 9-22 months; body mass 6.3-11.3 kg).
  
  
  METHODS
  Dogs were anaesthetized with propofol (24 mg kg(-1) hour(-1) IV CRI; group P), isoflurane (1.3% end-tidal concentration; group I) or sevoflurane (2.3% end-tidal concentration; group S) with fentanyl (5 microg kg(-1) hour(-1) IV, CRI). Sixty to seventy minutes after induction of anaesthesia, vecuronium was administered at a rate of 0.4, 0.3 and 0.2 mg kg(-1) hour(-1) in groups P, I and S respectively. To determine the degree of neuromuscular block, a peripheral nerve was stimulated electrically using the train-of-four (TO4) stimulus pattern. Evoked muscle contractions were evaluated using a neuromuscular monitoring device. Once the TO4 ratio reached 0, the continuous infusion rate was decreased and adjusted to maintain a TO4 count of 1. Continuous infusion was continued for 2 hours. The infusion rate of vecuronium was recorded 20, 40, 60, 80, 100 and 120 minutes after the start of infusion.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean continuous infusion rates of vecuronium during stable infusion were 0.22 +/- 0.04 (mean +/- SD), 0.10 +/- 0.02 and 0.09 +/- 0.02 mg kg(-1) hour(-1) in groups P, I and S respectively. There were statistically significant differences between the rates in groups P and I and between the rates in groups P and S. Conclusions and clinical relevance In healthy dogs, the recommended maintenance infusion rate of vecuronium is 0.2 mg kg(-1) hour(-1) under CRI propofol-fentanyl anaesthesia and 0.1 mg kg(-1) hour(-1) during CRI fentanyl-isoflurane or sevoflurane anaesthesia.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Veterinary Surgery, Graduate School of Agricultural and Life Sciences, The University of Tokyo, 1-1-1 Yayoi, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo 113-8657, Japan. aa27156@mail.ecc.u-tokyo.ac.jp
authors.forename: Shotaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Nagahama
authors.forename: Ryohei
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nishimura
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mochizuki
authors.forename: Nobuo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sasaki
mesh_terms: D000768:Anesthesia, General / Q000662:veterinary*; D019162:Anesthetics, Combined / Q000008:administration & dosage; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D000818:Animals; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004285:Dogs / Q000502:physiology* / Q000601:surgery; D007262:Infusions, Intravenous / Q000662:veterinary; D007530:Isoflurane / Q000008:administration & dosage; D008297:Male; D008738:Methyl Ethers / Q000008:administration & dosage; D009126:Muscle Relaxation / Q000187:drug effects*; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D015742:Propofol / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011446:Prospective Studies; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D014673:Vecuronium Bromide / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D019162:Anesthetics, Combined; D018686:Anesthetics, Intravenous; D008738:Methyl Ethers; D003473:Neuromuscular Nondepolarizing Agents; D000077149:Sevoflurane; D014673:Vecuronium Bromide; D007530:Isoflurane; D015742:Propofol