title: Central serous chorioretinopathy after solid organ transplantation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To describe the demographic and clinical characteristics of central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC) after solid organ transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Case series.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen patients who presented to the authors with CSC after solid organ transplantation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective chart review to identify patient demographics and clinical features of disease, including angiographic changes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patterns of CSC. These patterns were compared with type of organ received, demographics, and visual outcome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified 25 eyes of 7 women (46.7%) and 8 men (53.3%) that developed CSC after solid organ transplantation. Patient ages ranged from 27 to 55 years (median, 40). Seven of the 15 patients (46.7%) were Caucasian, including 3 Hispanic patients (20%). Of the 8 remaining patients (53.3%), 2 were African American (13.3%), 2 were Filipino (13.3%), and 4 were Asian (26.7%). The organs received included 13 kidneys (86.7%), 1 liver (6.7%), and 1 heart (6.7%). Systemic hypertension was reported in 14 of 15 patients (93.3%). All patients were receiving systemic immunosuppressive drugs at presentation; 14 of 15 (93.3%) were also receiving systemic corticosteroids. Visual acuity at presentation ranged from 20/20 to counting fingers. Patterns of CSC included (1) geographic or diffuse alterations in the retinal pigment epithelium (5 eyes; 2 bilateral, 1 unilateral), (2) focal CSC (6 eyes, all unilateral), (3) multifocal CSC (6 eyes; 2 bilateral, 2 unilateral), and (4) CSC with bullous retinal detachment (8 eyes, all bilateral). Follow-up, available for 21 affected eyes of 13 patients, ranged from 1 month to 6 years (median, 12 months). Compared with other solid organ transplant recipients at our institutions, renal transplant recipients (P = 0.003), as well as Hispanic and Asian patients (P = 0.05), were more prevalent in this cohort.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Central serous chorioretinopathy after solid organ transplantation varies in presentation and severity. Our observations support a role for choroidal vascular compromise in the pathogenesis of this disorder.
authors.affiliation: Ocular Inflammatory Disease Center, Jules Stein Eye Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, Los Angeles, California, USA.
authors.forename: Amani A
authors.initials: AA
authors.lastname: Fawzi
authors.forename: Gary N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Holland
authors.forename: Allan E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Kreiger
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Heckenlively
authors.forename: Jorge G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Arroyo
authors.forename: Emmett T
authors.initials: ET
authors.lastname: Cunningham
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015862:Choroid Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D005451:Fluorescein Angiography; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000188:drug therapy; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017075:Laser Coagulation; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016377:Organ Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000208:ethnology / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D013997:Time Factors; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000209:etiology; D014792:Visual Acuity
chemical_list: D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents