title: Plant uncoupling mitochondrial proteins.
abstract: Uncoupling proteins (UCPs) are membrane proteins that mediate purine nucleotide-sensitive free fatty acid-activated H(+) flux through the inner mitochondrial membrane. After the discovery of UCP in higher plants in 1995, it was acknowledged that these proteins are widely distributed in eukaryotic organisms. The widespread presence of UCPs in eukaryotes implies that these proteins may have functions other than thermogenesis. In this review, we describe the current knowledge of plant UCPs, including their discovery, biochemical properties, distribution, gene family, gene expression profiles, regulation of gene expression, and evolutionary aspects. Expression analyses and functional studies on the plant UCPs under normal and stressful conditions suggest that UCPs regulate energy metabolism in the cellular responses to stress through regulation of the electrochemical proton potential (Deltamu(H)+) and production of reactive oxygen species.
authors: Laboratório de Bioenergética, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas, Universidade Estadual de Campinas (UNICAMP), 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil. anibal@unicamp.br
authors: Aníbal Eugênio
authors: AE
authors: Vercesi
authors: Jiri
authors: J
authors: Borecký
authors: Ivan de Godoy
authors: Ide G
authors: Maia
authors: Paulo
authors: P
authors: Arruda
authors: Iolanda Midea
authors: IM
authors: Cuccovia
authors: Hernan
authors: H
authors: Chaimovich