title: Validation of the Hungarian translation of Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS) is a widely used screening instrument. The purpose of this study was to evaluate reliability and validity of the Hungarian translation.
  
  
  METHODS
  The English version of the HADS was translated using the 'forward-backward' procedure. The questionnaire was used in a large scale study of 715 Hungarian cancer patients along with other screening measures of psychological state and description of illness.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Translated items of the HADS questionnaire showed high internal consistency: Cronbach's alpha values for the subscales were 0.81 (anxiety) and 0.83 (depression). Factor analysis of the Hungarian version yielded an identical two-factor model to the English and German versions. Results of the known groups comparison showed that both subscales of the HADS discriminates well between sub-groups: decreasing performance status and more advanced disease stage showed significantly higher levels of anxiety and depression. Sufficient concurrent validity of the HADS depression subscale was found using five items from the Symptom List and the Hungarian version of the Beck Depression Scale.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based on a detailed analysis of results we found the translated version of the HADS a reliable and valid self-assessment screening tool in medical practice.
authors: Hungarian Hospice Foundation, Budapest, Hungary.
authors: Katalin
authors: K
authors: Muszbek
authors: Anna
authors: A
authors: Szekely
authors: Eva Mária
authors: EM
authors: Balogh
authors: Mária
authors: M
authors: Molnár
authors: Magdolna
authors: M
authors: Rohánszky
authors: Agnes
authors: A
authors: Ruzsa
authors: Katalin
authors: K
authors: Varga
authors: Melinda
authors: M
authors: Szöllosi
authors: Piroska
authors: P
authors: Vadász