title: New bone formation and osteolysis by a metastatic, highly invasive canine prostate carcinoma xenograft.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Osteoblastic metastases are commonly induced by prostate cancer. A canine prostate carcinoma xenograft (Ace-1) was developed and used to evaluate neoplastic prostate cell growth, metastasis, and effects on bone formation in nude mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  Characteristics of the Ace-1 cells were evaluated with histopathology, radiography, and bioluminescent imaging (BLI). Immunohistochemistry and quantitative RT-PCR were used to evaluate the expression of factors important in the development of osteoblastic metastases.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The Ace-1 cells were invasive and induced bone formation and destruction. Radiographs demonstrated a mixed osteoblastic/osteolytic reaction. Lung and lymph node metastases occurred in 30% of mice. The tumor cells expressed parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP-141 isoform), cathepsin K, keratins 8/18, and vimentin, but not keratins 5/14, and were androgen receptor negative. Intracardiac (IC) injections resulted in metastases in vertebrae and long bones.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Ace-1 xenograft is a useful model for investigating the pathogenesis of prostate cancer invasion and mixed osteoblastic/osteolytic bone metastases.
authors: Department of Pathology, University of Georgia, Athens, GA, USA.
authors: Bruce E
authors: BE
authors: LeRoy
authors: Nanda K
authors: NK
authors: Thudi
authors: Murali V P
authors: MV
authors: Nadella
authors: Ramiro E
authors: RE
authors: Toribio
authors: Sarah H
authors: SH
authors: Tannehill-Gregg
authors: Adrie
authors: A
authors: van Bokhoven
authors: Deborah
authors: D
authors: Davis
authors: Stephanie
authors: S
authors: Corn
authors: Thomas J
authors: TJ
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