title: Eye-hand co-ordination skills in very preterm infants <29 weeks gestation at 3 years: Effects of preterm birth and retinopathy of prematurity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Preterm infants are known to have low gross motor and fine motor skills. We questioned whether poor eye-hand coordination skills are associated with moderate to severe stages of Retinopathy of Prematurity (ROP).
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to examine development, with specific reference to eye-hand coordination skills, among preterm infants <29 weeks gestation with different stages of ROP at 3 years of age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifteen preterm infants (<29 weeks gestation) who developed Stage 3 ROP were matched for gestation, birthweight and gender with infants who developed Stage 2 and Stage 1/no ROP. Developmental (Griffiths Mental Development Scales and Peabody Developmental Motor Scales) and ophthalmic assessments in the 3 matched groups of 15 were performed at 3 years of age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  1) Whilst the eye-hand coordination scores and Peabody fine motor scores were lower in the Stage 3 ROP group, they were not significantly lower than the other ROP groups. 2) Locomotor, Peabody gross motor skills and hearing and speech were significantly lower in the infants with Stage 3 ROP. The other developmental domains were not significantly different to the severe ROP group. 3) All 3 groups (of preterm infants) had lower eye-hand coordination and Peabody fine motor scores compared to test norms. 4) There were 8 of 15 infants with Stage 3 ROP who developed moderate visual problems by 3 years of age.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In preterm infants, low eye-hand coordination/fine motor scores are likely to be due to their extreme prematurity.
authors: Department of Neonatology, Westmead Hospital, Westmead, New South Wales, Australia. tagoyen@optushome.com.au
authors: T-A
authors: TA
authors: Goyen
authors: D A
authors: DA
authors: Todd
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Veddovi
authors: A L
authors: AL
authors: Wright
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Flaherty
authors: J
authors: J
authors: Kennedy