title: Induction of protective immunity against severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus (SARS-CoV) infection using highly attenuated recombinant vaccinia virus DIs.
abstract: SARS-coronavirus (SARS-CoV) has recently been identified as the causative agent of SARS. We constructed a series of recombinant DIs (rDIs), a highly attenuated vaccinia strain, expressing a gene encoding four structural proteins (E, M, N and S) of SARS-CoV individually or simultaneously. These rDIs elicited SARS-CoV-specific serum IgG antibody and T-cell responses in vaccinated mice following intranasal or subcutaneous administration. Mice that were subcutaneously vaccinated with rDIs expressing S protein with or without other structural proteins induced a high level of serum neutralizing IgG antibodies and demonstrated marked protective immunity against SARS-CoV challenge in the absence of a mucosal IgA response. These results indicate that the potent immune response elicited by subcutaneous injection of rDIs containing S is able to control mucosal infection by SARS-CoV. Thus, replication-deficient DIs constructs hold promise for the development of a safe and potent SARS vaccine.
authors: Department of Virology II, National Institute of Infectious Diseases, Toyama, Shinjuku-ku, Tokyo 162-8640, Japan.
authors: Koji
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authors: Ishii
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authors: Hasegawa
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authors: Nagata
authors: Tetsuya
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authors: Mizutani
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authors: Morikawa
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authors: Suzuki
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authors: Tashiro
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authors: Miyamura
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authors: Tsunetsugu-Yokota