title: Isolated liver transplantation in pediatric short bowel syndrome: is there a role?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The role of isolated liver transplantation in infants with parenteral nutrition-associated cholestasis (PNAC) associated with short bowel syndrome (SBS) is unclear.
  
  
  METHODS
  We performed a retrospective descriptive study of infants with PNAC and SBS who received an isolated liver transplant at our institution. Review of the literature was also performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three infants (aged 7, 8, and 13 months) with SBS and PNAC received an isolated liver transplant. Etiology of SBS was necrotizing enterocolitis, gastroschisis, and volvulus. Two patients with pretransplant small bowel length of 40 and 80 cm, who were receiving 65% and 79% of intake enterally, demonstrated good graft function (bilirubin, 0 and 7 micromol/L) at 41 and 58 months posttransplant. Despite full tolerance of enteral feeds, both remain on parenteral nutrition (PN) (4 and 7 nights per week) for poor weight gain. One child with 25 cm of small bowel, who received 65% of energy enterally pretransplant, died 7 months posttransplant from PNAC. A literature review revealed 22 cases of isolated liver transplant for PNAC associated with SBS. Overall survival was 77%, with 76% of survivors demonstrating independence from PN.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Isolated liver transplantation is an acceptable option for select infants with PNAC associated with SBS when further intestinal adaptation and freedom from PN are anticipated.
authors: Group for the Improvement of Intestinal Function and Treatment (GIFT) and the Pediatric Academic Multi-organ Transplant Program, Division of General Surgery, The Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada M5G 1X8.
authors: Ivan R
authors: IR
authors: Diamond
authors: Paul W
authors: PW
authors: Wales
authors: David R
authors: DR
authors: Grant
authors: Annie
authors: A
authors: Fecteau