title: Rats submitted to gastric banding are leaner and show distinctive feeding patterns.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Bariatric surgery is expanding to meet the global epidemic of morbid obesity, because this surgery is successful in achieving sustained weight loss. After having recently established a rat model of gastric banding, our aim now was to investigate the relative fat mass content and the feeding patterns of gastric banded rats.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two groups of Wistar rats, submitted either to gastric banding or to sham surgery, were followed-up for 26 days regarding weight, daily food intake and feeding patterns both under resting conditions and when refed after fasting. Weight of the epididymal fat pad was used as a measure to evaluate changes in white adipose tissue in the rats.
  
  
  RESULTS
  10 days after surgery and thereafter, rats submitted to gastric banding showed the same daily food intake that was observed in sham-operated rats. Nevertheless, gastric banded rats kept lower body weights and were leaner than controls. These differences were associated with distinctive feeding patterns, both under resting conditions and when refed after fasting, suggesting that gastric banded rats present a significant increase in feeding frequency when compared with controls.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This data is the first experimental evidence that an increase in feeding frequency is associated with weight loss after gastric banding, even if there is no decrease in total energy intake. Thus, medical advice on the advantages of fractionating daily caloric intake into multiple meals is further supported by the herein new information obtained in an animal model of gastric banding.
authors: Department of Anatomy, Unit for Multidisciplinary Biomedical Research, Abel Salazar Institute for the Biomedical Sciences, University of Porto, 4099-003 Porto, Portugal. mpmonteiro@icbas.up.pt
authors: Mariana P
authors: MP
authors: Monteiro
authors: J Duarte
authors: JD
authors: Monteiro
authors: Artur P
authors: AP
authors: Aguas
authors: M Helena
authors: MH
authors: Cardoso