title: Effect of partial bladder outlet obstruction on nitrotyrosine levels and their correlation with contractile function.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It has been demonstrated that partial bladder outlet obstruction (PBOO) causes free radical generation that, in turn, results in cellular and subcellular damage. We tested the hypothesis that nitration of proteins is associated with contractile dysfunctions in obstructive bladder disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty rabbits were subjected to 1-28 days of partial outlet obstruction. Sham operated rabbits served as controls. Western blotting was used to determine the amount of nitrotyrosine level at the protein level. At each time point, isolated strips of bladder body were mounted in individual baths and the contractile response to field stimulation (FS), carbachol, and KCl determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bladder weight increased rapidly during the first 7 days and then increased slowly thereafter. There was a fourfold increase in the amount of nitrotyrosine in the 7 day obstructed groups when compared to sham controls and the levels remain elevated at 14 and 28 days of obstruction. Contractile dysfunction in response to FS (8 and 32 Hz) was noted as early as 1 day after obstruction and increased progressively over the study period. The decrease in response to carbachol and KCl was significant only after 3 days of obstruction and the progressive increase in dysfunction was slower than with FS.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PBOO is accompanied by an increase in nitrotyrosine, a marker of free radical damage. Simultaneously there was a progressive decrease in contractility of detrusor smooth muscles (DSMs). Nitrotyrosine may be usable as a marker of free radical damage and reperfusion injury.
authors: Albany College of Pharmacy, Albany, New York 12208, USA. mannikaa@acp.edu
authors: Anita
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authors: Mannikarottu
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