title: Clinical and endoscopic characterization of depressed gastric adenoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Depressed gastric adenoma remains poorly characterized because it is rare, and is infrequently detected by endoscopy. The aim of this study was to elucidate clinical and endoscopic characteristics of depressed adenoma of the stomach.
  
  
  METHODS
  95 consecutive patients who underwent endoscopic resection of gastric adenomas were studied. Gastric adenomas, diagnosed according to the Vienna classification, were endoscopically classified into two types: depressed and protruding adenomas. In order to clarify endoscopic features of gastric adenomas, we performed indigo carmine chromoendoscopy as well as magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging, which yields clear images of mucosal microvasculature.
  
  
  RESULTS
  12% of 100 gastric adenomas resected from 95 patients were depressed adenomas. Age and gender were comparable between patients with each type. Depressed adenomas (15.9 +/- 6.2 mm) were significantly larger in diameter than protruding adenomas (10.6 +/- 8.0 mm) (P = 0.01). Half of depressed adenomas were reddish in color, whereas only 18% of protruding adenomas were reddish. Magnifying endoscopy with narrow band imaging showed that 71% of depressed adenomas had a regular ultrafine network pattern of mucosal microvasculature, which was not seen in protruding adenomas. Intramucosal carcinomas were more frequently found in depressed adenomas (25%) than in protruding adenomas (4.5%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In comparison with protruding adenomas, depressed adenomas were rare and appeared endoscopically as large and reddish with a specific regular ultrafine network pattern of mucosal microvasculature. Depressed adenomas should be endoscopically resected because intramucosal carcinomas were found in a quarter of them.
authors: Department of Endoscopy, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Nishi-shinbashi, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: N
authors: N
authors: Tamai
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Kaise
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Nakayoshi
authors: M
authors: M
authors: Katoh
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Sumiyama
authors: K
authors: K
authors: Gohda
authors: T
authors: T
authors: Yamasaki
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Arakawa
authors: H
authors: H
authors: Tajiri