title: Usefulness of live/real time three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography in the characterization of ventricular septal defects in adults.
abstract: In this report, we present 12 patients (range 14-76 years, mean 40 +/- 22.7 years) who underwent surgical repair of a ventricular septal defect (VSD). Location, size, and surrounding anatomy of the VSD were assessed prior to intervention in all patients with live/real time three-dimensional transthoracic echocardiography (3DTTE). In 9 patients, measurements of maximum dimension, circumference, and area by 3DTTE correlated well with the same measurements from intraoperative three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiographic (3DTEE) reconstruction. 3DTTE measurement of maximum dimension of VSDs also agreed well with maximum dimension by surgery in 10 patients. Live/real time 3DTTE accurately defined VSD location, size, and surrounding anatomy in all patients studied by us. VSD characterization by live 3DTTE agreed well with surgery descriptions and 3DTEE measurements.
authors: Division of Cardiovascular Diseases, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Alabama 35249, USA.
authors: Farhat
authors: F
authors: Mehmood
authors: Andrew P
authors: AP
authors: Miller
authors: Navin C
authors: NC
authors: Nanda
authors: Vinod
authors: V
authors: Patel
authors: Anurag
authors: A
authors: Singh
authors: Kurt
authors: K
authors: Duncan
authors: Sanjay
authors: S
authors: Rajdev
authors: Sibel
authors: S
authors: Enar
authors: Vikram
authors: V
authors: Singh
authors: Anthony
authors: A
authors: Nunez
authors: David C
authors: DC
authors: McGiffin
authors: James K
authors: JK
authors: Kirklin
authors: Albert D
authors: AD
authors: Pacifico