title: Sporadic human Yersinia enterocolitica infections caused by bioserotype 4/O : 3 originate mainly from pigs.
abstract: Yersinia enterocolitica 4/O : 3 is the most frequent cause of sporadic human yersiniosis in Finland and Germany. To investigate the possible link between pigs and humans, 282 human and 534 porcine strains from Finland and Germany were characterized with PFGE using NotI, ApaI and XhoI enzymes. Most of the human strains (>80 %) were indistinguishable from the porcine strains in both countries and most of the genotypes (178/182) were different in Finland and Germany. The indistinguishable genotypes among human and porcine strains together with different genotypes in Finland and Germany indicate that pigs are an important source of sporadic yersiniosis in both countries.
authors: Institute of Hygiene and Technology of Food of Animal Origin, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany.
authors: Maria
authors: M
authors: Fredriksson-Ahomaa
authors: Institute of Hygiene and Technology of Food of Animal Origin, Ludwig-Maximilian University, Munich, Germany.
authors: Andreas
authors: A
authors: Stolle
authors: Department of Bacterial and Inflammatory Diseases, National Public Health Institute (KTL), Helsinki, Finland.
authors: Anja
authors: A
authors: Siitonen
authors: Department of Food and Environmental Hygiene, University of Helsinki, Finland.
authors: Hannu
authors: H
authors: Korkeala