title: Quantitative analysis of the effects of physiologic brain motion on point-resolved spectroscopy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Although single-voxel proton MR spectroscopy is a noninvasive method that enables measurement of brain metabolite concentrations, it has been shown that physiologic brain motion causes inaccuracies in measurement of metabolite concentrations and increases the overall SD of the measurements when the stimulated echo acquisition mode (STEAM) is used. We tested the hypothesis that the point-resolved spectroscopy (PRESS) technique is less sensitive to physiologic brain motion than the STEAM technique.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 10 healthy subjects, spectra were obtained from a voxel located in the left basal ganglia by using the PRESS sequence with cardiac gating and without water suppression to assess global phase change as a function of physiologic brain motion. This was accomplished by acquiring data at various time delays from the R wave throughout the cardiac cycle. Subsequently, spectra were obtained in 10 healthy subjects by using PRESS both without and with cardiac gating, and with water suppression, to determine whether brain motion resulted in a statistically significant difference in mean and SD of measured metabolite concentration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At various time delays from the R wave throughout the cardiac cycle, no significant global phase difference was noted in water signal intensity. In addition, when PRESS data were obtained both without and with cardiac gating (by using an optimal delay obtained from previously published data by using STEAM), no significant difference was seen in measured metabolite concentrations and SDs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The PRESS technique is relatively insensitive to physiologic brain motion.
authors: Department of Radiology, University of Miami School of Medicine, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
authors: P M
authors: PM
authors: Pattany
authors: M G
authors: MG
authors: Massand
authors: B C
authors: BC
authors: Bowen
authors: R M
authors: RM
authors: Quencer