title: Dietary patterns associated with bone mineral density in premenopausal Japanese farmwomen.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Because several nutrients are known to affect bone mineral density (BMD), the analysis of dietary patterns or combinations of foods may provide insights into the influence of diet on bone health.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We evaluated associations between dietary patterns and BMD in Japanese farmwomen.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 291 premenopausal farmwomen (aged 40-55 y) who participated in the Japanese Multi-centered Environmental Toxicant Study (JMETS; n = 1407). Forearm BMD was measured by using dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry. Diet was assessed by using a validated self-administered diet history questionnaire comprising 147 food items, from which 30 food groups were created and entered into a factor analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Four dietary patterns were identified. The "Healthy" pattern, characterized by high intakes of green and dark yellow vegetables, mushrooms, fish and shellfish, fruit, and processed fish, was positively correlated with BMD after adjustment for several confounding factors (P = 0.048). In contrast, the "Western" pattern, characterized by high intakes of fats and oils, meat, and processed meat, tended to be inversely associated with BMD; however, the association was not significant (P = 0.08).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A dietary pattern with high intakes of fish, fruit, and vegetables and low intakes of meat and processed meat may have a beneficial effect on BMD in premenopausal women.
authors: National Institute of Health and Nutrition, Tokyo, Japan.
authors: Hitomi
authors: H
authors: Okubo
authors: Satoshi
authors: S
authors: Sasaki
authors: Hyogo
authors: H
authors: Horiguchi
authors: Etsuko
authors: E
authors: Oguma
authors: Kayoko
authors: K
authors: Miyamoto
authors: Yoko
authors: Y
authors: Hosoi
authors: Mi-Kyung
authors: MK
authors: Kim
authors: Fujio
authors: F
authors: Kayama