title: Reproductive effects and bioconcentration of 4-nonylphenol in medaka fish (Oryzias latipes).
abstract: The objective of this study was to investigate the reproductive success (fertility and fecundity) of medaka (Oryzias latipes) exposed to 4-nonylphenol (4-NP) in water and the viability of their F(1) offspring. In addition, we measured the bioconcentration of 4-NP in eggs. After a 21-d exposure to 100microg/l 4-NP, medaka showed reduced egg production and fertility. Hepatic vitellogenin levels were increased significantly in males treated with 10, 50 and 100microg/l of 4-NP. In the F(1) generations, the hatchability and time to hatching of embryos in the 100microg/l treatment group were adversely affected, and 2-7microg 4-NP/g egg was found in spawned eggs (the bioconcentration factor: 30-100). These results indicate that (1) 4-NP adversely affected the reproduction (fecundity and fertility) of adult medaka, (2) 4-NP accumulated in eggs through maternal transfer and (3) these levels of 4-NP were associated with adverse effects in the F(1) offspring.
authors: Center for Marine Environmental Studies (CMES), Ehime University, Bunkyo-cho 2-5, Matsuyama 790-8577, Japan.
authors: Hiroshi
authors: H
authors: Ishibashi
authors: Masashi
authors: M
authors: Hirano
authors: Naomi
authors: N
authors: Matsumura
authors: Naoko
authors: N
authors: Watanabe
authors: Yuji
authors: Y
authors: Takao
authors: Koji
authors: K
authors: Arizono