title: [Cigarette smoke exposure intensifies ventricular remodeling process following myocardial infarction].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the role of cigarette smoke exposure (CSE) on ventricular remodeling following acute myocardial infarction (AMI).
  
  
  METHODS
  Rats were submitted to myocardial infarction and divided into two groups: C (control, n = 31) and F (CSE: 40 cigarettes/day, n = 22). After 6 months, the survivors were submitted to echocardiogram, functional study with isolated heart, and morphometric analysis. For comparison purposes, we used the t test (mean +/- standard deviation) or the Mann-Whitney test (with median and 25th and 75th percentiles).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CSE animals tended to have larger diastolic (C = 1.5 +/- 0.4 mm2, F = 1.9 +/- 0.4 mm2; p = 0.08) and systolic (C = 1.05 +/- 0.3 mm2, F = 1.32 +/- 0.4 mm2; p = 0.08) left ventricular(LV) areas. The systolic function of the LV, assessed according to the fractional area change, tended to be impaired in CSE animals (C = 31.9 +/- 9.3%, F = 25.5 +/- 7.6%; p = 0.08). The dp/dt values for CSE animals were statistically lower (C = 1474 +/- 397 mmHg, F = 916 +/- 261 mmHg; p = 0.02) than for control animals. The CSE animals presented higher right ventricle (RV) weight adjusted for body weight (C = 0.8 +/- 0.3 mg/g, F = 1.3 +/- 0.4 mg/g; p = 0.01), higher content of water in lungs (C = 4.8 (4.3-4.8)%, F = 5.4 (5.1-5.5); p = 0.03), and larger LV myocyte cross-sectional areas (C = 239.8 +/- 5.8 microm2, F = 253.9 +/- 7.9 microm2; p = 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cigarette smoke exposure intensifies ventricular remodeling following acute myocardial infarction.
authors: Faculdade de Medicina de Botucatu, Unesp, Botucatu, SP. lzornoff@cardiol.br
authors: Leonardo A M
authors: LA
authors: Zornoff
authors: Beatriz B
authors: BB
authors: Matsubara
authors: Luiz S
authors: LS
authors: Matsubara
authors: Marcos F
authors: MF
authors: Minicucci
authors: Paula S
authors: PS
authors: Azevedo
authors: Alvaro O
authors: AO
authors: Camapanha
authors: Sergio A R
authors: SA
authors: Paiva