title: [Development of the tissue-autografting].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To introduce the current situation and prospect of the tissue-autografting, such as the flaps, muscle flaps, and bone(periosteum) flaps, and its application in reparative and reconstructive surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  Based on our own experiences and combined with the review of the literature at home and abroad, the latest development of the tissue-autografting was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The femoral anterolateral flap, latissimus dorsi muscle flap, upper arm lateral flap, scap flap, temporal fascial flap and perforator flap are the frequently used in clinic. Of all the perforator flap had such advantages as better repair of the recipient sites and less damage of the donor site. Because of more advantages of the free myocutaneous flap transplantation, it substituted the free muscle transplantation. The latissimus dorsi muscle myocutaneous flap was the most frequently used in the transplant of the vessels, with preserved function of the thoracodorsal nerve or with repair of the defected tissues by the bridge. The most common donor sites of the bone were ribs, iliac bone, fibula and scapula, so the severe bone defects or the bone non-union, femoral head ischemic necrosis, and the bone graft from the tumor removal could be managed with the bones from those sites.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The autografting in repairing the tissue defect has become one of the most important surgical techniques in reparative and reconstructive surgery.
authors: Department of Orthopedics, Changzheng Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, 200003, PR China. chunlin_hou@yahoo.com.cn
authors: Chunlin
authors: C
authors: Hou