title: Periodontal disease and atherosclerosis from the viewpoint of the relationship between community periodontal index of treatment needs and brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It has been suggested that periodontal disease may be an independent risk factor for the development of atherosclerosis. However, the relationship between periodontal disease and atherosclerosis has not been fully elucidated. This study aimed to assess the effects of periodontal disease on atherosclerosis.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study design was a cross-sectional study. Subjects were 291 healthy male workers in Japan. We used the Community Periodontal Index of Treatment Needs (CPITN) score, average probing depth and gingival bleeding index (rate of bleeding gums) to assess the severity of periodontal disease. We also used the Brachial-Ankle Pulse Wave Velocity (baPWV) as the index for the development of atherosclerosis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The unadjusted odds ratio (OR) of atherosclerosis in relation to the CPITN score was 1.41 [95% CI: 1.16-1.73]. However, after adjustment for age, systolic blood pressure and smoking, the CPITN score had no relationship with atherosclerosis (adjusted OR: 0.91 [0.68-1.20]).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results show no relationship between mild periodontal disease and atherosclerosis after appropriate adjustments.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Informatics, Kyoto University School of Public Health, Kyoto, Japan. miyaki@sc.itc.keio.ac.jp
authors.forename: Koichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Miyaki
authors.forename: Katsunori
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Masaki
authors.forename: Mariko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.forename: Toru
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Naito
authors.forename: Keika
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hoshi
authors.forename: Asako
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Shugo
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tohyama
authors.forename: Takeo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakayama
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000842:Ankle / Q000098:blood supply; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology*; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001916:Brachial Artery / Q000502:physiology; D002617:Chemical Industry; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000209:etiology; D007564:Japan / Q000453:epidemiology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016017:Odds Ratio; D010510:Periodontal Diseases / Q000150:complications* / Q000453:epidemiology; D010512:Periodontal Index; D011673:Pulsatile Flow; D012307:Risk Factors