KIR gene in ethnic and Mestizo populations from Mexico.
Killer cell immunoglobulin-like receptors are characterized by their great diversity of genes and alleles. Population studies have identified the presence of a broad variety of genotypes. In Mexico, there are diverse ethnic groups representing 9% of the total population and the rest is composed of Mestizos with a more varied biology. For the purpose of this study, genotyping was performed in Mestizos, in Mexico City inhabitants, and in three ethnic groups. The frequencies of genes KIR2DL2, 2DL5, 2DS1-3, 2DS5, and 3DS1 showed a greater variability in the groups studied. A total of 12 different genotypes were identified, the higher number for the Mestizos and the lower number for the Tarahumaras. Genotype 1 was found at a greater frequency in all the groups, except for the Tarahumaras, in which genotype 4 was more frequent. The frequency of genotypes 4 and 8 in Mexicans was higher than that for other populations analyzed. By subtyping of KIR3DL1, 3DL2, 2DL1, and 2DL3, two B haplotypes were identified in families; both were absent in Caucasian families. Our results indicated a greater diversity of genes in the Mestizos group than in the ethnic groups.
Gutiérrez-Rodríguez
M E
ME
Unidad de Investigación Médica en Bioquímica, Hospital de Especialidades, Centro Médico Nacional Siglo XXI, Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social, Ciudad de México, México. mgutierrezr@hotmail.com
Sandoval-Ramírez
L
L
Díaz-Flores
M
M
Marsh
S G E
SG
Valladares-Salgado
A
A
Madrigal
J A
JA
Mejía-Arangure
J M
JM
García
C A
CA
Huerta-Zepeda
A
A
Ibarra-Cortés
B
B
Ortega-Camarillo
C
C
Cruz
M
M
D044467:American Indian or Alaska Native / Q000235:genetics*; D005006:Ethnicity / Q000235:genetics*; D005787:Gene Frequency; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes; D006801:Humans; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008800:Mexico / Q000208:ethnology; D011153:Population / Q000235:genetics; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic / Q000235:genetics*; D054340:Receptors, KIR; D054342:Receptors, KIR2DL1; D054343:Receptors, KIR2DL2; D054344:Receptors, KIR2DL3; D054341:Receptors, KIR3DL1; D054347:Receptors, KIR3DL2; D054349:Receptors, KIR3DS1
C515077:KIR2DL2 protein, human; C515083:KIR3DL1 protein, human; D011971:Receptors, Immunologic; D054340:Receptors, KIR; D054342:Receptors, KIR2DL1; D054343:Receptors, KIR2DL2; D054344:Receptors, KIR2DL3; D054341:Receptors, KIR3DL1; D054347:Receptors, KIR3DL2; D054349:Receptors, KIR3DS1