title: Presumed macular toxicity of intravitreal antibiotics.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Intravitreal injection is the most effective route for administration of antibiotics in intraocular infections.
  
  
  METHODS
  Two patients presented with a metal foreign body in the central vitreous without damage to the retina.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Foreign bodies were removed with an intraocular magnet and limited vitrectomy was performed. Because of leukocytic infiltration of the vitreous, 1 mg vancomycin and 0.4 mg amikacin were injected in the vitreous at the end of the surgery. Postoperative visual acuity did not reach preoperative values in both patients. ERG examination revealed reduced photoreceptor activity. We speculate that amikacin may have reached the macula in a high and toxic concentration in an incompletely vitrectomized eye.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The currently accepted intravitreal use of amikacin may cause retinal toxicity.
authors.affiliation: University Eye Clinic Zürich, Switzerland. stefanwidmer@yahoo.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Widmer
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Helbig
mesh_terms: D000583:Amikacin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects; D005129:Eye Foreign Bodies / Q000150:complications / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods; D008266:Macula Lutea / Q000187:drug effects*; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000175:diagnosis; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000517:prevention & control; D014640:Vancomycin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014822:Vitreous Body / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000293:injuries*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D014640:Vancomycin; D000583:Amikacin