title: Oral manifestation of HIV/AIDS in Plateau state indigenes, Nigeria.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  To investigate the prevalence of oral manifestations of HIV/AIDS involving HIV positive Plateau State indigenous adults attending a Special Treatment Clinic serving referred cases and in-patient cases hospitalized in the Medical wards in JUTH, Jos.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  A total of 261 patients confirmed for HIV infection were examined. The age range was 17 - 80 years, mean = 35.6 +/- 9.27 (SD). 59.4% were females and 40.6% were males. Oral lesions attributable to HIV/ AIDS infection were found in 109 (41.8%) patients, 38 (34.9%) of these patients had multiple lesions. Oral lesions were diagnosed more frequently in women (59.6%) than in men (p=0.945). Oral candidiasis was the most common presentation (35.7%) with pseudomembraneous candidiasis (23%) and angular cheilitis (10%) being the most common variants. All the cases of erythematous candidiasis (n=7) were exclusively seen in the female population. Oral hairy leukoplakia and xerostomia were present in 4.6% and 3.8% of cases respectively. Kaposi's Sarcoma was in 5 (1.9%) patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The prevalence of HIV-related oral lesions (HIV-ROL) in a hospital based adult population of Plateau State indigenes in Jos is 41.8%. Oral Candidiasis is the most common HIV-ROL detected and this agrees with most reported findings.
authors.affiliation: Regional Centre for Oral Health Research and Training Initiatives for Africa, Jos, P.M.B. 2067, Jos, Plateau State, Nigeria. taiwo25@yahoo.co.uk
authors.forename: O O
authors.initials: OO
authors.lastname: Taiwo
authors.forename: E N
authors.initials: EN
authors.lastname: Okeke
authors.forename: P H
authors.initials: PH
authors.lastname: Jalo
authors.forename: I S
authors.initials: IS
authors.lastname: Danfillo
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D017677:Age Distribution; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D015984:Causality; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D018562:Disease Transmission, Infectious / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000635:transmission; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009059:Mouth Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009549:Nigeria / Q000453:epidemiology; D015995:Prevalence; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012725:Sexual Behavior / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015819:Substance Abuse, Intravenous / Q000453:epidemiology