title: Adjusting expectations after spinal cord injury across global settings: a commentary.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this paper is to stimulate thought and discussion as to how best to set rehabilitation goals to maximize activities and participation of persons with spinal cord injury, across global settings where circumstances and environments may be widely different.
  
  
  METHODS
  A review of literature and commentary are presented. Three points are articulated: (1) rehabilitation professionals need to understand factors that impact upon activities and participation, and need measurement tools that report these factors, in order to better appreciate outcomes in different settings, (2) rehabilitation professionals generally set goals with patients, but current measures of activities and participation do not indicate when or why maximal achievable function is sometimes not chosen, and (3) we need to develop realistic expectations for activities and participation after SCI in settings where current standard outcome chart targets are not feasible, due to socio-economic circumstances.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  A standardized approach to reporting measures of activities and participation, along with factors that influence these scores, is required for purposes of comparing rehabilitation outcomes in settings of differing socio-economic environments. In regards to spinal cord injury rehabilitation, an accepted standard of setting achievable rehabilitation goals is required for each level of complete spinal cord injury that could apply in various global settings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Queen's University, Kingston, Ontario, Canada. weej@post.queensu.ca
authors.forename: Joy Y M
authors.initials: JY
authors.lastname: Wee
mesh_terms: D003466:Cultural Characteristics; D004185:Disability Evaluation; D014943:Global Health; D006040:Goals; D006801:Humans; D007391:International Cooperation; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000534:rehabilitation*