title: Antifungal effects of the volatile oils from Allium plants against Trichophyton species and synergism of the oils with ketoconazole.
abstract: In an attempt to develop stable and safe antifungal agents from natural products (daily foodstuffs in particular), the activities of essential oils from Allium sativum for. pekinense, A. cepa, and A. fistulosum against three Trichophyton species responsible for severe mycoses in humans were investigated and compared with activity of allicin in this study. The fungistatic activities of Allium oils were evaluated by the broth dilution method and disk diffusion assay. The combined effects of Allium oils with ketoconazole were tested by the checkerboard titer test. Among the tested oils, A. sativum for. pekinense oil exhibited the strongest inhibition of growth of T. rubrum, T. erinacei, and T. soudanense with MICs (minimum inhibiting concentrations) of 64microg/ml, while the activities of A. cepa and A. fistulosum were relatively mild. The inhibiting activities of the oils on Sabouraud agar plates were dose dependent against Trichophyton species. Additionally, these oils showed significant synergistic antifungal activity when combined with ketoconazole in the checkerboard titer test and disk diffusion test.
authors.affiliation: College of Pharmacy, Duksung Women's University, Seoul 132-714, Republic of Korea.
authors.forename: M-S
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Pyun
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Shin
mesh_terms: D000490:Allium; D000935:Antifungal Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004357:Drug Synergism; D006801:Humans; D007654:Ketoconazole / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008517:Phytotherapy; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014005:Tinea / Q000188:drug therapy; D014249:Trichophyton / Q000187:drug effects*
chemical_list: D000935:Antifungal Agents; D010938:Plant Oils; D007654:Ketoconazole