title: Italian validation of the urogenital distress inventory and its application in LUTS patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The objective of this study was to validate the Italian version of the Urogenital Distress Inventory (UDI) in a sample of women with lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS).
  
  
  METHODS
  The linguistic validation of the questionnaire was performed through a multistep process: backward and forward translations coordinated by clinical investigators, followed by a pretest. The final version was administered to a larger sample of female patients, aged 18 years or older who had been having LUTS for at least 3 months, numbering 53 subjects. To evaluate test-retest reliability, patients were re-rated after 1 week. To test the questionnaire's capacity to discriminate women with or without LUTS (cases and controls, respectively), a sample of 53 healthy women was enrolled. A 72-h voiding diary was used as a gold standard and compared with the UDI.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The correlation coefficient between ratings was >or=0.80, and the discriminant power between cases and controls was confirmed. The UDI showed good internal consistency for all domains, except irritative symptoms (total score's Cronbach alpha=0.86). Factor analytic structure revealed urinary incontinence to be opposite to the other urologic symptoms, with bed wetting being loaded separately. The average daily number of urgent micturitions was higher in patients who reported they "experience a strong feeling of urgency to empty bladder" in the UDI than those ones who did not (p<0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The Italian version of the UDI is a valid and robust instrument, which can now be used reliably in daily practice and clinical research.
authors.affiliation: University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
authors.forename: Walter
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Artibani
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Pesce
authors.forename: Domenico
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Prezioso
authors.forename: Roberto M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Scarpa
authors.forename: Filiberto
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zattoni
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tubaro
authors.forename: Carlo A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Rizzi
authors.forename: Ambra M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Santini
authors.forename: Lucia
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Simoni
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008875:Middle Aged; D011788:Quality of Life; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D009626:Terminology as Topic; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000145:classification* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000523:psychology; D014563:Urodynamics / Q000502:physiology