A paradox of immunodeficiency and inflammation in human aging: lessons learned from apoptosis.
Aging is associated with a paradox of immunodeficiency and inflammation (an evidence of hyperactive immune system). Apoptosis is associated with cellular depletion and suppression of inflammatory response. In this brief review, we will present evidence for the role of increased apoptosis in immunodeficiency and paradoxical increased inflammation associated with human aging. In particular, a role of apoptotic cells in failure to generate anti-inflammatory responses and directly activating inflammatory responses will be discussed.
Gupta
Sudhir
S
Laboratory of Cellular Immunology, Division of Basic and Clinical Immunology, University of California, Irvine, California 92697, USA. sgupta@uci.edu
Agrawal
Anshu
A
Agrawal
Sudhanshu
S
Su
Houfen
H
Gollapudi
Sastry
S