Aluminum and copper in drinking water enhance inflammatory or oxidative events specifically in the brain.
Inflammatory and oxidative events are up-regulated in the brain of AD patients. It has been reported that in animal models of AD, exposure to aluminum (Al) or copper (Cu) enhanced oxidative events and accumulation of amyloid beta (Abeta) peptides. The present study was designed to evaluate the effect of a 3-month exposure of mice to copper sulfate (8 microM), aluminum lactate (10 or 100 microM), or a combination of the salts. Results suggest that although Al or Cu may independently initiate inflammatory or oxidative events, they may function cooperatively to increase APP levels.
Becaria
Angelica
A
Department of Community and Environmental Medicine, Center for Occupational and Environmental Health Sciences, University of California, Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697-1825, USA.
Lahiri
Debomoy K
DK
Bondy
Stephen C
SC
Chen
DeMao
D
Hamadeh
Ali
A
Li
Huihui
H
Taylor
Russell
R
Campbell
Arezoo
A
D000535:Aluminum / Q000633:toxicity*; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000209:etiology; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000032:analysis; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D003300:Copper / Q000633:toxicity*; D007249:Inflammation / Q000139:chemically induced*; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015847:Interleukin-4 / Q000096:biosynthesis; D015227:Lipid Peroxidation; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000096:biosynthesis; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis* / Q000592:standards
D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D007375:Interleukin-1; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D015847:Interleukin-4; D003300:Copper; D000535:Aluminum