title: Laparoscopic pyelopyelostomy for retrocaval ureter without excision of the retrocaval segment: first report of 6 cases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We report our series of 6 cases of retrocaval ureter that were successfully treated with a laparoscopic approach.
  
  
  METHODS
  Three men and 3 women with a mean age of 31 years (range 16 to 50) were referred to our department with a diagnosis of retrocaval ureter. One patient had a 12 mm renal pelvic calculus. A transperitoneal laparoscopic approach was used in all cases. The retrocaval segment along with some of the more proximal and distal segments of the ureter was readily mobilized. The distal part of the dilated renal pelvis was transected and the divided distal segment was repositioned to lie anterior to the inferior vena cava. The renal pelvic stone in 1 patient was readily removed at this point. Re-anastomosis was then performed over a Double-J stent placed intraoperatively using 2 rows of running 4-zero polyglactin sutures with intracorporeal knot tying. The stent was removed 4 weeks later. Excretory urography was performed 3 months after the laparoscopic procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean operative duration was 180 minutes (range 150 to 210). Patients were discharged home at a mean of 4 days (range 3 to 5). Followup excretory urogram 3 months after laparoscopic repair revealed a widely patent anastomosis with considerable improvement in hydronephrosis in all patients.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge this is the largest series of laparoscopic repair of retrocaval ureter reported to date. Laparoscopic pyelopyelostomy for retrocaval ureter without excision of the retrocaval segment is associated with an excellent outcome, minimal postoperative morbidity, short hospital stay and highly satisfactory cosmetic results.
authors.affiliation: Urology and Nephrology Research Center, Shahid Labbafinejad Medical Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Simforoosh@iurtc.org.ir
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Simforoosh
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Nouri-Mahdavi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tabibi
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007682:Kidney Pelvis / Q000601:surgery*; D010535:Laparoscopy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010030:Ostomy / Q000379:methods*; D014513:Ureter / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000601:surgery*; D013520:Urologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods