title: Cloning and characterization of an ascidian homolog of the human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase (Ogg1) that is involved in the repair of 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine in DNA in Ciona intestinalis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  It is of interest to perform a systematic comparative analysis of the conserved domains in DNA glycosylases and the evolution of DNA base excision repair systems. Furthermore, it is important to characterize the roles and regulation of base excision repair during the development of organisms. To address these issues, we first identified 8-oxo-7,8-dihydroguanine (8-oxoG)-DNA glycosylase (Ogg1) of the ascidian Ciona intestinalis as a good model system.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cDNA clone coding for a peptide with homology to human Ogg1 was identified in the expressed sequence tag (EST) database from the Ciona cDNA resources. We examined whether CiOgg1 has DNA glycosylase/AP (apurinic/apyrimidinic) lyase activities for 8-oxoG-containing oligonucleotide. Furthermore, the expression level of CiOgg1 was compared in various tissues of Ciona intestinalis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The CiOgg1gene encoded a protein of 351 amino acids, which shows 37% identity of amino acid sequence with human Ogg1. The Helix-hairpin-Helix motif was highly conserved. The ascidian enzyme had functional 8-oxoG-DNA glycosylase/AP lyase activities, which removed 8-oxoG opposite cytosine from DNA. Expression of the CiOgg1 significantly reduced the frequency of spontaneous G:C to T:A transversions in E. coli mutM mutY. The highest expression level was observed in testis in Ciona intestinalis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The structure and functions of Ogg1 are well conserved in Ciona intestinalis. CiOgg1 is involved in the repair of 8-oxoG in DNA in Ciona intestinalis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Radiation Biology, Graduate School of Science, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, Japan.
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Q-M
authors.initials: QM
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Satou
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Satoh
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kasai
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yonei
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D002938:Ciona intestinalis / Q000378:metabolism*; D003001:Cloning, Molecular; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D004249:DNA Damage / Q000502:physiology*; D045647:DNA Glycosylases / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004260:DNA Repair / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009928:Organ Specificity; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D017386:Sequence Homology, Amino Acid; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D004247:DNA; D045647:DNA Glycosylases; C479058:oxoguanine glycosylase 1, human