title: Positron emission tomography with C11-acetate for tumor detection and localization in patients with prostate-specific antigen relapse after radical prostatectomy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate positron emission tomography with C11-acetate as a method for detecting and localizing prostate cancer recurrence. No technique for localizing and detecting prostate cancer recurrence after biochemical relapse available today is sensitive enough to localize recurrence at a stage at which salvage radiotherapy is still curative.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients (age 56 to 77 years) who had undergone radical prostatectomy and had an increasing prostate-specific antigen level measured on two consecutive occasions were included. In addition to the investigations usually performed when prostate cancer recurrence is suspected, they underwent positron emission tomography with C11-acetate as the marker.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pathologic uptake of acetate was seen in 15 (75%) of the 20 patients. In 8 of these patients, a solitary lesion was found (seven in the prostatic fossa and one at the regional lymph nodes). Multiple lesions were found in the remaining 7. False-positive uptake was seen in 3 men (15%). Additional investigations in these men revealed pathologic findings other than prostate cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Positron emission tomography with C11-acetate as marker is a promising method for early detection and localization of prostate cancer recurrence. False-positive uptake does occur.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Uppsala University Hospital, Uppsala, Sweden. gabriel.sandblom@surgsci.uu.se
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Sandblom
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sörensen
authors.forename: Niclas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lundin
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Häggman
authors.forename: Per-Uno
authors.initials: PU
authors.lastname: Malmström
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood; D002244:Carbon; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D006801:Humans; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000556:secondary; D008207:Lymphatic Metastasis; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009362:Neoplasm Metastasis; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging*; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D010865:Pilot Projects; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood; D011468:Prostatectomy; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000097:blood / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000601:surgery
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; C438206:carbon-11 acetate; D002244:Carbon; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen