title: The size distribution of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins and dibenzofurans in the bottom ash of municipal solid waste incinerators.
abstract: In this study, bottom ash was sampled from two Taiwanese municipal solid waste incinerators (MSWIs: A and B) and sieved to size classes of 4.75-9.5 mm, 2.36-4.75 mm, 1.0-2.36 mm, 0.6-1.0 mm, 0.3-0.6 mm, 0.21-0.3 mm, 0.125-0.21 mm, 0.075-0.125 mm and <0.074 mm. For both MSWIs, the major peak in the particle size distribution for the PCDD/F content was found in a particle size <0.21 mm, that is, 16.1 (A) and 4.37 pg I-TEQ/g (B). This is due to the fact that a smaller particle has higher specific surface area thus offering more adsorption sites. The mean cumulative fractions (F%) of PCDD/F I-TEQ in the bottom ash of MSWI A and B in the particle size range below 0.6, 2.36 and 4.75 mm, in sequence, are 40.4%, 77.2% and 95.6%, respectively. We suggest sieving the bottom ash before the subsequent reutilization at the suggested cut size of 0.6 mm. In the view of PCDD/Fs, bottom ash with a particle size larger than 0.6 mm, which is the more non-hazardous part, may be suitable for being the raw material of landfilling soil, road sub-base, and construction blocks. For the minus 0.6 mm fraction, vitrification with fly ash is one of the choices.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Nei Pu 91207, Ping Tung, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Che-Kuan
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Chieh
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Lin-Chi
authors.initials: LC
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Guo-Ping
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Chang-Chien
mesh_terms: D001572:Benzofurans / Q000032:analysis*; D002244:Carbon / Q000737:chemistry*; D060729:Coal Ash; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D017745:Incineration / Q000592:standards; D010316:Particle Size; D052638:Particulate Matter; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000032:analysis; D013624:Taiwan; D014866:Waste Products
chemical_list: D001572:Benzofurans; D060729:Coal Ash; D000072338:Dibenzofurans, Polychlorinated; D052638:Particulate Matter; D000072317:Polychlorinated Dibenzodioxins; D014866:Waste Products; D002244:Carbon