title: Identification and characterization of enterococci from bryndza cheese.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To identify enterococci isolated from sheep milk cheese--bryndza, and to compare differences in the composition of enterococcal microflora affected by the season, and to evaluate the potential presence of vancomycin resistance and virulence determinants.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bacterial strains were isolated during analysis of bryndza cheese and identified on the genus and species level by phenotypic methods and with commercial biochemical sets. The identification of the species, Enterococcus faecium, Ent. durans and Ent. faecalis, was confirmed by PCR using species-specific primers for ddl genes. PCR was also used for assessment of presence of vanA and vanB genes and virulence determinants gelE, agg and cytolysin genes namely: cylL(L), cylL(S), cylM, cylB and cylA. Among 308 Enterococcus sp. strains, 177 isolates were proved to be Ent. faecium, 59 to be Ent. durans and 41 to be Ent. faecalis. Vancomycin resistance genes vanA and vanB were not detected. Agar plate testing confirmed their absence. Gene gelE, however, was found in 20 Ent. faecalis isolates, but only 13 of them showed gelatinase-positive phenotype. Seven isolates had five cytolysin genes, but none of the isolates exhibited a positive haemolytic phenotype. Four isolates possessed the agg gene. The prevalence of Ent. faecium species was highest in samples from the winter season harvest.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ent. faecium is the dominant enterococcal species in bryndza cheese and the most prevalent in the winter season product. None of the Enterococcus sp. strains was proved to have vanA or vanB genes and the vancomycin resistance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, this is the first report of enterococcal microflora in bryndza cheese and its evaluation for the presence of vanA and vanB genes as well as virulence determinants.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Cell Biology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Comenius University, Bratislava, Slovak Republic.
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jurkovic
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Krizková
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dusinský
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Belicová
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sojka
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Krajcovic
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Ebringer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D019729:Carbon-Oxygen Ligases / Q000235:genetics; D002611:Cheese / Q000382:microbiology*; D016983:Enterococcus / Q000145:classification* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D013293:Enterococcus faecalis / Q000145:classification / Q000187:drug effects / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D008892:Milk / Q000737:chemistry; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012621:Seasons; D012756:Sheep; D020713:Vancomycin Resistance / Q000235:genetics*; D014774:Virulence; D037521:Virulence Factors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; C071437:VanA ligase, Bacteria; C079913:VanB protein, Enterococcus; D037521:Virulence Factors; D019729:Carbon-Oxygen Ligases