title: Heat shock proteins as vaccine adjuvants in infections and cancer.
abstract: In addition to maintaining cell homeostasis under physiological and stress conditions, some heat shock proteins (HSPs) are potent inducers of immunity and have been harnessed as vaccine adjuvants targeted to cancers and infections. HSPs are a group of ubiquitous intracellular molecules that function as molecular chaperones in numerous processes, such as protein folding and transport, and are induced under stress conditions, such as fever and radiation. Certain HSPs are potent inducers of innate and antigen-specific immunity. They activate dendritic cells partly through toll-like receptors, activate natural killer cells, increase presentation of antigens to effector cells and augment T-cell and humoral immune responses against their associated antigens. Their roles in priming multiple host defense pathways are being exploited in vaccine development for cancer and infectious diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Immunology, Cellular Stress Biology, and Urologic Oncology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA. brahm.segal@roswellpark.org
authors.forename: Brahm H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Segal
authors.forename: Xiang-Yang
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Carly G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Dennis
authors.forename: Richard
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Youn
authors.forename: Elizabeth A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Repasky
authors.forename: Masoud H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Manjili
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Subjeck
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000818:Animals; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins / Q000276:immunology / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007239:Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014612:Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D001428:Bacterial Vaccines; D019496:Cancer Vaccines; D006360:Heat-Shock Proteins; D014612:Vaccines