The immunogenicity and efficacy against H5N1 challenge of reverse genetics-derived H5N3 influenza vaccine in ducks and chickens.
H5N1 avian influenza viruses are continuing to spread in waterfowl in Eurasia and to threaten the health of avian and mammalian species. The possibility that highly pathogenic (HP) H5N1 avian influenza is now endemic in both domestic and migratory birds in Eurasia makes it unlikely that culling alone will control H5N1 influenza. Because ducks are not uniformly killed by HP H5N1 viruses, they are considered a major contributor to virus spread. Here, we describe a reverse genetics-derived high-growth H5N3 strain containing the modified H5 of A/chicken/Vietnam/C58/04, the N3 of A/duck/Germany/1215/73, and the internal genes of A/PR/8/34. One or two doses of inactivated oil emulsion vaccine containing 0.015 to 1.2 microg of HA protein provide highly efficacious protection against lethal H5N1 challenge in ducks; only the two dose regimen has so far been tested in chickens with high protective efficacy.
Webster
Robert G
RG
St. Jude Children's Research Hospital, Department of Infectious Diseases, Division of Virology, 332 N. Lauderdale, Memphis, TN 38105, USA. robert.webster@stjude.org
Webby
Richard J
RJ
Hoffmann
Erich
E
Rodenberg
Jeff
J
Kumar
Mahesh
M
Chu
Hsien-Jue
HJ
Seiler
Patrick
P
Krauss
Scott
S
Songserm
Thaweesak
T
D000818:Animals; D002645:Chickens / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D002988:Cloaca / Q000821:virology; D004306:Dose-Response Relationship, Immunologic; D004372:Ducks / Q000276:immunology* / Q000821:virology; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000276:immunology*; D007252:Influenza Vaccines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000276:immunology*; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000276:immunology* / Q000517:prevention & control* / Q000821:virology; D013045:Species Specificity; D013047:Specific Pathogen-Free Organisms; D014132:Trachea / Q000821:virology; D017201:Virus Shedding
D007252:Influenza Vaccines