title: Isolation of neuronal progenitor cells from the adult human neocortex.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The reliability of harvesting neuronal progenitor cells (NPCs) from the adult human neocortex has not been established, with respect to preparing autologous cell cultures for transplantation in stroke and traumatic brain injured patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Enriched NPC cultures have been generated from nonneurogenic regions of the adult rodent brain by buoyancy-dependent fractionation, but the feasibility of using such a method to isolate NPCs from the adult human cortex has not been reported previously. To determine if a starter population of human adult cortical NPCs could be isolated for in vitro expansion using this method, tissue samples from five patients undergoing cortical resection for either epilepsy or trauma were assayed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cultured cells generated from all patients predominately expressed both the NPC marker nestin and neuron-specific beta-tubulin III. The presence of NPCs was verified by in vitro BrdU/beta-tubulin III co-labeling and increasing beta-tubulin expression in differentiating conditions. Despite the formation of aggregates in monolayer culture, cell proliferation as measured by BrdU incorporation was not as prevalent as that reported from rodent cultures generated by this protocol.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NPCs isolated from the adult human neocortex using this method expressed beta-tubulin III in larger percentages than has been previously reported for NPCs isolated using other methods. As such, these data suggest the possibility of culturing dividing neuroblasts from the adult neocortex for further manipulation as transplantable cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College of Virginia Hospitals, Virginia Commonwealth University, Richmond, Virginia, USA. robertmark.richardson@ucsfmedctr.org
authors.forename: R M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Richardson
authors.forename: K L
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Holloway
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Bullock
authors.forename: W C
authors.initials: WC
authors.lastname: Broaddus
authors.forename: H L
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Fillmore
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000378:metabolism; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000628:therapy; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques / Q000379:methods; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019579:Neocortex / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D064231:Nestin; D009474:Neurons / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D033581:Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000379:methods; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D014404:Tubulin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D007381:Intermediate Filament Proteins; C577484:NES protein, human; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D064231:Nestin; D014404:Tubulin; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine