title: Blood pressure and heart rate responses in men exposed to arm and leg cold pressor tests and whole-body cold exposure.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Comparison of the effects of different types of cold exposure on blood pressure and heart rate.
  
  
  METHODS
  Controlled laboratory study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty healthy men were exposed to three different types of cold exposure: cold pressor tests for hands and feet, and a 2-h cold air exposure at an ambient temperature of +10 degrees C.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All types of cold exposure caused a rise in systolic and diastolic blood pressures. Heart rate increased in the foot cold pressor test. In the cold chamber test, heart rate fell, causing a decrease in the rate:pressure product. No statistically significant correlations were found between the blood pressure responses to cold pressor and cold chamber tests. The increased rate:pressure product observed in the cold pressor tests is indicative of an increased oxygen consumption in the heart muscle.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The measured cardiovascular responses indicate that a sudden local exposure to severe cold would be more stressful than a long lasting, milder exposure to cold, even when the latter is applied to the whole body
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, University of Oulu, Finland. ilkka.korhonen@fimnet.fi
authors.forename: Ilkka
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Korhonen
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D003080:Cold Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male