title: Predictive value of initial urodynamic pattern on urinary continence in patients with myelomeningocele.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate whether the initial urodynamic pattern may predict urinary continence and the need for adjunctive incontinence surgery in patients with myelomeningocele.
  
  
  METHODS
  One hundred and twenty-three patients with myelomeningocele were included in our retrospective study. The patients were divided based on the urodynamic pattern at initial evaluation into four categories: overactive detrusor with overactive (spastic) sphincter (group 1, n = 43), overactive detrusor with underactive/acontractile sphincter (group 2, n = 37), underactive/acontractile detrusor with overactive (spastic) sphincter (group 3, n = 8), and underactive/acontractile detrusor with underactive/acontractile sphincter (group 4, n = 35). Urinary continence status at the last follow-up and the need for adjunctive incontinence surgery were compared between the four groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean follow-up was 10 years and mean age at the last follow-up 17 years. A socially acceptable continence status (continent or socially dry) was achieved in 74% and was significantly different among the four groups (P = 0.023): 86% and 87% of the patients in group 1 and 3 became continent or socially dry, but only 57% and 74% of those in group 2 and 4, respectively. Although none of the patients in group 3 underwent adjunctive incontinence surgery compared to about 25% in the other groups, statistically the difference was not significant (P = 0.48).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The initial urodynamic pattern is very useful in counseling families by predicting urinary continence in patients with myelomeningocele. The chances of becoming continent or at least socially dry are best for patients with overactive (spastic) sphincter.
authors.affiliation: Neuro-Urology Unit, Department of Neurology, University Hospital Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria.
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Kessler
authors.forename: Jakob
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lackner
authors.forename: Gustav
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Kiss
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Rehder
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Madersbacher
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003376:Counseling; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008591:Meningomyelocele / Q000150:complications*; D009122:Muscle Hypertonia / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology* / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000601:surgery; D014563:Urodynamics
chemical_list: D018680:Cholinergic Antagonists