title: Adverse drug reactions of antidepressants and antipsychotics: experience, knowledge and attitudes among Norwegian psychiatrists.
abstract: Efficient prevention of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) requires knowledge about their severity and pharmacological mechanisms and is dependent on reliable data on their frequencies and possible risk factors. The study was conducted to investigate the prescribers' experience and understanding of the ADRs of psychotropic drugs, and their attitude towards reporting these. In a questionnaire, physicians treating adult psychiatric patients were asked which ADRs that they regarded bothersome for some of the most widely used antidepressants and antipsychotics. Questions about the relationship between blockade of drug receptors and ADRs, and about the physicians' personal experience of and attitudes towards reporting of ADRs were also included. In total, 70 of 91 questionnaires (78%) were returned. The mean number of ADRs regarded bothersome ranged from 2.4 to 9.3 for the various drugs/drug classes. Qualified psychiatrists stated a significantly higher number of bothersome ADRs than did the residents. The percentage of physicians associating blockade of a receptor with a specific ADR varied from 76% (histamine receptor blockade and sedation) to 37% (alpha(1)-adrenergic blockade and tachycardia). Thirty-nine per cent of the physicians had never reported an ADR to the Norwegian Medicines Agency. The number of ADRs considered bothersome was relatively high. The pattern of these ADRs generally mirrored the typical ADR profiles of the drugs. The knowledge of the underlying mechanisms of ADRs was more or less incomplete. The reporting rate of ADRs to the national regulatory authorities was low.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Pharmacology, St. Olav University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway. ingrid.castberg@stolav.no
authors.forename: Ingrid
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Castberg
authors.forename: Arne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reimers
authors.forename: Pål
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Sandvik
authors.forename: Trond O
authors.initials: TO
authors.lastname: Aamo
authors.forename: Olav
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Spigset
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D016907:Adverse Drug Reaction Reporting Systems / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D000928:Antidepressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D003710:Demography; D003865:Major Depressive Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000453:epidemiology; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D007722:Health Knowledge, Attitudes, Practice; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D000928:Antidepressive Agents; D014150:Antipsychotic Agents