title: The role of post-remission chemotherapy for older patients with acute myelogenous leukemia.
abstract: Standard practice in older patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is induction chemotherapy (ICT) followed by post-remission chemotherapy (PRT). We previously reported a median disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) for patients in complete remission (CR) of 7.5 and 13.5 months, respectively, in 30 older patients treated with standard ICT and PRT (study A). We designed a subsequent trial excluding PRT (study B). Forty patients with AML age > or =60 years were treated with ICT consisting of standard dose cytosine arabinoside and mitoxantrone followed with granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor subcutaneously starting day 11 if the bone marrow aspirate and biopsy was hypocellular. Median age was 68 years. Myelodysplasia preceded AML in 37% of patients. Favourable, normal, and unfavourable karyotypes were seen in 7.5%, 55%, and 37.5% of patients, respectively. Twenty-one patients (52.5%) achieved CR. Median DFS and OS for patients in CR were 6.2 and 10.8 months, respectively. Study A and B differed by the addition of PRT in study A. However, DFS and OS did not differ significantly between patients treated in study A or study B (P = 0.21 and P = 0.15, respectively). PRT has not clearly improved survival in older patients with AML, and therefore the routine addition of chemotherapy to older patients in complete remission is not indicated.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Taussig Cancer Center, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Rony M
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Abou-Jawde
authors.forename: Ronald
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sobecks
authors.forename: Brad
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Pohlman
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rybicki
authors.forename: Anjali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Advani
authors.forename: Mikkael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sekeres
authors.forename: Matt
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kalaycio
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001706:Biopsy; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000378:metabolism; D003561:Cytarabine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D008942:Mitoxantrone / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D012074:Remission Induction; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D003561:Cytarabine; D016178:Granulocyte-Macrophage Colony-Stimulating Factor; D008942:Mitoxantrone