title: Isolated medial orbital wall fractures with medial rectus muscle incarceration.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To retrospectively review and analyze cases of isolated medial orbital wall fractures with medial rectus muscle incarceration presenting to a tertiary ophthalmic plastic surgery practice from 1997 to 2005.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective chart review and literature review.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine cases of isolated medial wall fracture with medial rectus muscle incarceration are presented. The most frequently encountered clinical feature was adduction deficit on the affected side. Extraocular motility improved in all patients who underwent surgery, and mean postoperative enophthalmos was minimal.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Isolated medial orbital wall fractures with medial rectus muscle incarceration are rare. Ocular motility abnormalities were the only indication of underlying fracture in the majority of our cases. Clinicians should be alerted to the anticipated presentation of medial wall fractures with incarceration of the medial rectus muscle, including the possibility of a "white eye" and normal abduction of the traumatized eye.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati Eye Institute, OH 45243, USA. paulbrannan@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Brannan
authors.forename: Robert C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Kersten
authors.forename: Dwight R
authors.initials: DR
authors.lastname: Kulwin
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015835:Ocular Motility Disorders / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000209:etiology* / Q000601:surgery; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000473:pathology*; D013508:Ophthalmologic Surgical Procedures; D009917:Orbital Fractures / Q000150:complications* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000601:surgery; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed