title: Giant hypothalamic hamartoma operated through subfrontal approach with orbitary rim osteotomy.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hypothalamic hamartomas are associated with precocious puberty, gelastic seizures and severe refractory epilepsy. Treatment options include surgical resection, radiofrequency and radiosurgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 7-month-old girl presented with gelastic seizures and developmental delay related to a giant hypothalamic hamartoma. The patient was operated through a subfrontal approach. Intraoperatively the lesion appeared intimately adherent to the right internal carotid artery. Seizure control was improved after tumoral decompression.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Treatment of giant hypothalamic hamartomas should always include surgical resection, given the mass effect over surrounding vital structures. Subfrontal approach with orbitary rim osteotomy provides a wide exposure with minimal frontal lobe retraction. Close adherence of hypothalamic hamartoma to vascular structures may be present, requiring careful surgical manipulation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurosurgery, Hospital 12 de Octubre, Valencia, Spain. mirandalloret@yahoo.es
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Miranda
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Esparza
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cabrera
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hinojosa
mesh_terms: D003399:Craniotomy / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005625:Frontal Lobe / Q000601:surgery*; D006222:Hamartoma / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D007027:Hypothalamic Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D007223:Infant; D009915:Orbit / Q000601:surgery*; D010027:Osteotomy