title: Progressive congenital torticollis in VATER association syndrome.
abstract: METHODS
  A family study to reach the diagnosis of a multiple malformation syndrome.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To determine the cause of torticollis, in a patient with the VATER association.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The VATER association is a combination of vertebral anomalies, anal stenosis, tracheo-esophageal fistula, and radial anomalies. It needs a multidisciplinary approach with a major input from orthopedic surgeons. Torticollis in this condition has not been reported before.
  
  
  METHODS
  Detailed family history and radiologic study using plain radiographs and three-dimensional-reconstruction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bony abnormalities at the base of the skull and upper cervical vertebrae were found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  It is postulated that the bony abnormalities were the underlying cause of the neurologic problem.
authors.affiliation: Service d'Orthopedie Infantile-Hopital d'Enfants de Tunis, Tunis, Tuvalu. ali.alkaissi@osteologie.at
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Al Kaissi
authors.forename: Farid
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ben Chehida
authors.forename: Hatem
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Safi
authors.forename: Nabil
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Nassib
authors.forename: Maher
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ben Ghachem
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Gharbi
authors.forename: Franz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Grill
mesh_terms: D000015:Abnormalities, Multiple / Q000175:diagnosis; D001006:Anus, Imperforate / Q000150:complications*; D002574:Cervical Vertebrae / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D017534:Radial Artery / Q000002:abnormalities*; D019291:Skull Base / Q000002:abnormalities* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D013577:Syndrome; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014103:Torticollis / Q000151:congenital* / Q000209:etiology*; D014138:Tracheoesophageal Fistula / Q000150:complications*