Probing the double layer: effect of image forces on AFM.
Force probes such as AFM tips or laser trap latex beads have a dielectric constant much less than that of the water that they displace. Thus when a probe approaches a charged surface under water it will be repelled simply based upon the image forces, and these can be of nN magnitude.
Sachs
Frederick
F
D003198:Computer Simulation; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000737:chemistry*; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force / Q000379:methods*; D008863:Microspheres; D055672:Static Electricity; D013499:Surface Properties
D008051:Lipid Bilayers