Anti-inflammatory and immunosuppressive drugs and reproduction.
Rheumatic diseases in women of childbearing years may necessitate drug treatment during a pregnancy, to control maternal disease activity and to ensure a successful pregnancy outcome. This survey is based on a consensus workshop of international experts discussing effects of anti-inflammatory, immunosuppressive and biological drugs during pregnancy and lactation. In addition, effects of these drugs on male and female fertility and possible long-term effects on infants exposed to drugs antenatally are discussed where data were available. Recommendations for drug treatment during pregnancy and lactation are given.
Østensen
Monika
M
Department of Rheumatology and Clinical Immunology/Allergology, University Hospital of Bern, Switzerland. monika.oestensen@insel.ch
Khamashta
Munther
M
Lockshin
Michael
M
Parke
Ann
A
Brucato
Antonio
A
Carp
Howard
H
Doria
Andrea
A
Rai
Raj
R
Meroni
Pierluigi
P
Cetin
Irene
I
Derksen
Ronald
R
Branch
Ware
W
Motta
Mario
M
Gordon
Caroline
C
Ruiz-Irastorza
Guillermo
G
Spinillo
Arsenio
A
Friedman
Deborah
D
Cimaz
Rolando
R
Czeizel
Andrew
A
Piette
Jean Charles
JC
Cervera
Ricard
R
Levy
Roger A
RA
Clementi
Maurizio
M
De Carolis
Sara
S
Petri
Michelle
M
Shoenfeld
Yehuda
Y
Faden
David
D
Valesini
Guido
G
Tincani
Angela
A
D000328:Adult; D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005260:Female; D005298:Fertility / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000009:adverse effects*; D008297:Male; D011247:Pregnancy; D011248:Pregnancy Complications / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011256:Pregnancy Outcome; D012098:Reproduction / Q000187:drug effects*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
D000893:Anti-Inflammatory Agents; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents