Seasonality in pediatric asthma admissions: the role of climate and environmental factors.
BACKGROUND
Population-based data from Taiwan are used to examine seasonality in pediatric asthma admissions (proxy for asthma exacerbations) and associations with air pollutants and climatic factors. Monthly admission rates per 100,000 population, classified into three age groups, 0 approximately 2, 2 approximately 5, and 6 approximately 14 years (calculated from a total of 27,275 hospitalizations during 1998-2001) were subjected to autoregressive integrated moving average (ARIMA) modeling to examine seasonality. Spearman rank correlations were used to examine associations with criterion air pollutants (PM(10), SO(2), CO, O(3), NO(2)) and meteorological factors (ambient temperature, relative humidity, atmospheric pressure, rainfall, and sunshine hours).


RESULTS
Both seasonality and associations with air pollutants and climate factors vary by age group. Among under-twos, the rates are lowest in January-February and highest in November, with a trough in June-July. Among preschoolers, the rates are lowest in June-July and highest in November, with two upsurges in August and March. Among school-goers, admission rates are lowest during June-August, with upsurges in March and September. The number of weather and pollutant predictors increases with age. Among under-twos, only two factors, PM(10) and rainfall, significantly predict admissions. For preschoolers, five factors (PM(10), CO, O(3), temperature, and pressure), and for school-goers, all air pollutants except NO(2,) and all climatic factors except rainfall are significant.


CONCLUSIONS
Seasonality in pediatric asthma admissions vary by age in a subtropical island setting.
Xirasagar
Sudha
S
Department of Health Services Policy and Management, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, SC, USA.
Lin
Herng-Ching
HC
Liu
Tsai-Ching
TC
D000293:Adolescent; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects*; D001249:Asthma / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D006760:Hospitalization; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010507:Periodicity; D012621:Seasons; D013624:Taiwan; D014887:Weather
D000393:Air Pollutants