title: Cellular immunology in HIV-1 positive African American women using alcohol and cocaine.
abstract: Co-use of illicit drugs, in particular cocaine and alcohol, is common among HIV-1(+) men and women of different ethnic groups. We compared cohorts of alcohol and cocaine co-users HIV-1(+) African American women and in cohorts of drug-free, or methamphetamine users HIV-1(+) men. We monitored clinical cellular immune parameters at repeated regular intervals. We found that significant inverse correlations between (CD8+)CD38+ cells and subpopulations of CD4+ cells distinguished by the expression of CD45RA in HIV-1(+) alcohol and cocaine co- users but not in drug-free HIV-1(+) patients. Following stratification for CD4+ cell number, we found the (CD4+)CD45RA+ subpopulation to be significantly higher (p < 0.05) in the drug user compared to drug-free HIV-1(+). Drug abuse may alter the change from the (CD4+)CD45RA+ to the (CD4+)CD45RA- phenotype selectively, which recovers in HIV-1+ methamphetamine abusers during treatment from baseline to 4-weeks, as manifested by improved IL-2 production in vitro. of TH1 and TH2 cytokines during progression to AIDS.
authors.affiliation: Division of Oral Biology and Medicine, UCLA School of Dentistry, Los Angeles, CA 90095-1668, USA. chiappelli@dent.ucla.edu
authors.forename: Francesco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chiappelli
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Shapshak
authors.forename: Fariba
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Younai
authors.forename: Clyde
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: McCoy
authors.forename: Bryan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Page
authors.forename: Paolo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Prolo
mesh_terms: D000163:Acquired Immunodeficiency Syndrome / Q000276:immunology*; D000328:Adult; D001741:Black or African American; D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000276:immunology*; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes; D019970:Cocaine-Related Disorders / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D015497:HIV-1; D006801:Humans; D007111:Immunity, Cellular; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D018655:Lymphocyte Count; D008297:Male; D010641:Phenotype; D011446:Prospective Studies
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1