title: Mortality in a Swedish rubber tire manufacturing plant: occupational risks or an "unhealthy worker" effect?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  In this cohort study a classification of 12 work categories, with specified common exposures, is used to evaluate the mortality among workers in a Swedish rubber tire plant.
  
  
  METHODS
  Mortality among the cohort members is compared with expected values from national rates. Standardized mortality ratios (SMR) were calculated for the total cohort, for sub-cohorts and with the inclusion of a latency requirement.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Male workers had increased risks for total mortality, circulatory death, respiratory death, mental disorders, epilepsy, injuries/poisoning, and for alcohol-related death. Many risks were noted among workers exposed to dust, fumes, or vapor. No trend in risk with increasing duration of employment was seen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Some established risks for rubber workers could be related to some specified work categories. The highest risks were noted among workers having a very short duration of employment indicating a possible "unhealthy worker effect" associated with life-style factors or to tasks offered to unskilled workers.
authors.affiliation: Division of Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Department of Molecular and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden. gunwi@imk.liu.se
authors.forename: Gun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wingren
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002423:Cause of Death / Q000639:trends*; D005260:Female; D006304:Health Status; D015989:Healthy Worker Effect; D006801:Humans; D007221:Industry / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008019:Life Style; D008297:Male; D008420:Manufactured Materials / Q000633:toxicity*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000401:mortality*; D016273:Occupational Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012042:Registries; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors; D012408:Rubber / Q000633:toxicity*; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D012408:Rubber