title: Salmonella resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins: prevalence and epidemiology.
abstract: Salmonella resistant to extended-spectrum cephalosporins (ESCs) have emerged worldwide since 1988. By 2004, 43 countries had reported this public health problem. Resistance was mediated by classical extended-spectrum beta-lactamases, plasmid-mediated cephalosporinases, and recently a class A carbapenemase. Of these, CMY-2 is the most widely disseminated enzyme. Salmonella enterica serotype Typhimurium and S. enterica serotype Enteritidis are the most common serovars associated with ESC resistance in human infections. Many outbreaks in humans have been reported, most often among children and neonates. ESC-resistant Salmonella is frequently recovered from animals and food, with poultry as primary food source, suggesting that humans are often infected by these routes.
authors.affiliation: Departement de Bacteriologie, UPRES EA2392, Faculté de Médecine Pierre et Marie Curie, 27 rue de Chaligny, Paris, France. guillaume.arlet@tnn.aphp.fr
authors.forename: Guillaume
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Arlet
authors.forename: Timothy J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Barrett
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Butaye
authors.forename: Axel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cloeckaert
authors.forename: Michael R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Mulvey
authors.forename: David G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: White
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018550:Cephalosporin Resistance; D002511:Cephalosporins / Q000494:pharmacology; D005516:Food Microbiology; D006801:Humans; D015995:Prevalence; D012475:Salmonella / Q000187:drug effects*; D012478:Salmonella Food Poisoning / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D012480:Salmonella Infections / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000382:microbiology*; D012481:Salmonella Infections, Animal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002511:Cephalosporins