title: Prediction of long-term occupational performance outcomes for adults after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To examine predictors of long-term occupational performance outcomes for adults after moderate to severe traumatic brain injury (TBI).
  
  
  METHODS
  This study involved analysis of data from a retrospective cohort of adults (N = 306) with moderate to severe TBI discharged from a Pennsylvania rehabilitation treatment facility. Extensive pre-injury sociodemographic, injury-severity, post-injury personal (cognitive, physical, affective), post-injury environmental (social, institutional, physical), and post-injury occupational performance (participation in self-care, productivity, leisure activities) data were gathered from hospital records and using in-person interviews. Interviews occurred at a mean time of 14 (range, 7-24) years post-injury. Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was used to investigate determinants of long-term occupational performance outcomes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pre-injury behavioural problems, male gender, post-injury cognitive and physical deficits, and lack of access to transportation were significant independent predictors of worse occupational performance outcomes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The study supports the use of a comprehensive model for long-term outcomes after TBI where pre-injury characteristics and post-injury cognitive and physical characteristics account for the greatest proportion of explained variance.
authors.affiliation: Arthritis Community Research and Evaluation Unit, Toronto, Canada.
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Devitt
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Colantonio
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Teare
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ratcliff
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chase
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D001930:Brain Injuries / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D004651:Employment; D005260:Female; D005544:Forecasting; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D010414:Pennsylvania; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D014938:Work Capacity Evaluation