title: ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 expression following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage and their possible role in the pathophysiology of subsequent ischemic deficits.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The pathophysiology of ischemic cerebral lesions following aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH) is poorly understood. There is growing evidence that inflammatory reactions could be involved in the pathogenesis of such delayed occurring ischemic lesions. The aim of this study was to evaluate adhesion molecules with regard to these lesions following SAH.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serum and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) samples were taken daily from 15 patients up to day 9 after SAH and evaluated for intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (ICAM-1) and vascular adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1).
  
  
  RESULTS
  CSF and serum samples correlated well during nearly the whole time course (p < 0.0001). A secondary increase in ICAM-1 and VCAM-1 in the serum and CSF correlated with an increase in flow velocity in the transcranial Doppler (p > 0.0001 and p < 0.007) but not to a delayed lesion in the CT scan.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We believe that inflammatory processes are involved in the pathogenesis of cerebral vasospasm but they might only be a part of a multifactorial pathogenesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany. rdrothoerl@aol.com
authors.forename: Ralf Dirk
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Rothoerl
authors.forename: Karl-Michael
authors.initials: KM
authors.lastname: Schebesch
authors.forename: Marion
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kubitza
authors.forename: Chris
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Woertgen
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Brawanski
authors.forename: Ana-Luisa
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Pina
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D017542:Aneurysm, Ruptured / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000503:physiopathology; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D002560:Cerebrovascular Circulation; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D002532:Intracranial Aneurysm / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013345:Subarachnoid Hemorrhage / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000503:physiopathology; D013997:Time Factors; D017585:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Transcranial; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid; D020301:Vasospasm, Intracranial / Q000097:blood* / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1