Immunological and immunogenetic markers in sporadic Alzheimer's disease.
BACKGROUND
Common polymorphisms of genes controlling inflammation-modulating cytokines and acute-phase proteins which play important roles in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) have been shown to be associated with AD.


OBJECTIVE
The immunological and immunogenetic markers potentially useful for the AD risk evaluation and diagnosis are briefly reviewed.


CONCLUSIONS
The state-of-the-art of immunological and immunogenetic markers of AD indicates that new tools and strategies are necessary to identify gene products useful as diagnostic tools.
Lio
Domenico
D
Gruppo di studio sull'immunosenescenza, Dipartimento di Biopatologia e Metodologie Biomediche, Università di Palermo, Italy. dolio@unipa.it
Scola
Letizia
L
Romano
Giuseppina Colonna
GC
Candore
Giuseppina
G
Caruso
Calogero
C
D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D000544:Alzheimer Disease / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology*; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D004247:DNA / Q000032:analysis; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D017628:Microglia / Q000473:pathology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography
D000209:Acute-Phase Proteins; D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D015415:Biomarkers; D016207:Cytokines; D004247:DNA