title: Saliva of patients with Type 1 diabetes: effect of smoking on activity of lysosomal exoglycosidases.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of our study was to evaluate the influence of smoking on the activity of N-acetyl-beta-hexosaminidase (HEX), its isoenzymes A (HEX-A) and B (HEX-B) and beta-galactosidase (GAL), in the saliva of patients with Type 1 diabetes.
  
  
  METHODS
  In the supernatant HEX and its isoenzymes A and B, and beta-galactosidase were determined by the method of Chatteriee et al in modification of Zwierz et al (mKat kg(-1) of protein). Protein was determined by the Lowry et al method (mg ml(-1)).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results presented here suggest that diabetes and smoking modify activity of HEX and its isoenzymes, but only combination of diabetes and smoking give a significant increase in the specific activity of HEX and its isoenzymes.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Type 1 diabetes slightly changes the composition of saliva. Smoking cigarettes significantly modifies the composition and properties of saliva in healthy individuals and patients with Type 1 diabetes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland. knass@amb.edu.pl
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Knas
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Karaszewska
authors.forename: S D
authors.initials: SD
authors.lastname: Szajda
authors.forename: W
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Zarzycki
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Dudzik
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Zwierz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000201:enzymology*; D005260:Female; D054818:Hexosaminidase A; D054819:Hexosaminidase B; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes; D008247:Lysosomes / Q000201:enzymology; D008297:Male; D012463:Saliva / Q000201:enzymology*; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D012907:Smoking / Q000378:metabolism*; D001616:beta-Galactosidase / Q000378:metabolism*; D001619:beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D012471:Salivary Proteins and Peptides; D001616:beta-Galactosidase; D054818:Hexosaminidase A; D054819:Hexosaminidase B; D001619:beta-N-Acetylhexosaminidases