title: Impact of early tirofiban administration on myocardial salvage in patients with acute myocardial infarction undergoing infarct-related artery stenting.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The timing of GpIIb/IIIa inhibitor administration may be important in achieving early epicardial and myocardial reperfusion. We evaluated the effect of early tirofiban on myocardial salvage and cardiovascular outcome in patients with acute myocardial infarction (AMI) undergoing infarct-related artery stenting.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients (n = 66) with a first AMI presenting <6 h from onset of symptoms were randomized to either early administration of tirofiban in the emergency room (n = 32) or later administration in the catheterization laboratory (n = 34) (tirofiban bolus dose of 10 microg/kg, followed by 0.15 microg/kg for 24 h). The primary end-point was the degree of myocardial salvage, determined by means of serial scintigraphic studies with technetium-99m sestamibi. Thirty-day major adverse cardiac events were also assessed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  There were no significant differences in patient characteristics or in their presentation. The mean door-to-balloon time was similar in both groups (43 +/- 12 and 53 +/- 9 min, p = 0.08). The early and late treatment groups received tirofiban 18 +/- 4 and 52 +/- 10 min after admission, respectively. Angiographic analysis revealed a higher initial frequency of TIMI grade 3 flow in the early group (31% vs. 12%, p = 0.04). Procedural success was achieved in all patients. Myocardial risk area were comparable between early and late treatment groups (35.6 +/- 12.2% vs. 39.3 +/- 14.0%, p = 0.6). Scintigraphic outcomes demonstrated a significant reduction in the final infarction size (11.8 +/- 5.2% vs. 22.4 +/- 6.2%, p = 0.01), and improvement in salvage index (0.68 +/- 0.22 vs. 0.44 +/- 0.18, p = 0.003) in favor of the early tirofiban group. The thirty-day composite end-point of death, recurrent MI or rehospitalization also favored the early group (6% early, 15% late, p = 0.06).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Early tirofiban administration enhanced the degree of myocardial salvage and clinical outcome in patients with AMI undergoing infarct-related artery stenting.
authors.affiliation: Siyami Ersek Thoracic and Cardiovascular Surgery Center, Istanbul, Turkey. aysesay@superonline.com
authors.forename: Ayse
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Emre
authors.forename: Ekrem
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ucer
authors.forename: Kemal
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yesilcimen
authors.forename: Tuba
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Bilsel
authors.forename: Dilaver
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Oz
authors.forename: Nurten
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Sayar
authors.forename: Sait
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Terzi
authors.forename: Tamer
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Akbulut
authors.forename: Birsen
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Ersek
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy*; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D015607:Stents; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi; D000077466:Tirofiban; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014443:Tyrosine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000031:analogs & derivatives*
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D014443:Tyrosine; D017256:Technetium Tc 99m Sestamibi; D000077466:Tirofiban