title: Incidence and risk factors for cutaneous adverse drug reactions in an intensive care unit.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the incidence of adverse cutaneous drug reactions in intensive care unit patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  General adult intensive care unit of an institutional tertiary care hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients in the intensive care unit during a consecutive 8-month period were examined for adverse cutaneous drug reactions.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Patients in the intensive care unit have an incidence of 11.6% of adverse cutaneous drug reactions. Associated risk factors were female gender, obesity, age over 60 and immune dysregulation (systemic lupus erythematosus, dysthyroidism, and antiphospholipid antibodies syndrome). Few patients had previous history of adverse cutaneous drug reactions. Antimicrobials were the main drug involved. Morbilliform rash followed by urticary were the most frequently observed reactions. Interestingly, over 50% of patients with massive edema -independent of etiology- died.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Intensive care unit patients are particularly at risk for developing an adverse cutaneous drug reaction.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán.
authors.forename: María del Mar
authors.initials: Mdel M
authors.lastname: Campos-Fernández
authors.forename: Samuel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ponce-De-León-Rosales
authors.forename: Carla
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Archer-Dubon
authors.forename: Rocío
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Orozco-Topete
mesh_terms: D000047:Academies and Institutes / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000009:adverse effects; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects; D001327:Autoimmune Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D003875:Drug Eruptions / Q000453:epidemiology*; D004487:Edema / Q000401:mortality; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D016867:Immunocompromised Host; D015994:Incidence; D007362:Intensive Care Units / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008297:Male; D008800:Mexico / Q000453:epidemiology; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal