title: Electrospray encapsulation of water-soluble protein with polylactide. Effects of formulations on morphology, encapsulation efficiency and release profile of particles.
abstract: Bovine serum albumin (BSA)-loaded poly(lactide) (PLA) particles were prepared using an electrospraying technique, in which a sufficiently strong electric field was applied to overcome the surface tension of a droplet. A comprehensive investigation was conducted on the effects of independent variables organic/aqueous phase volume ratio and BSA/PLA weight ratio on the dependent variables viscosity, electrical conductivity, surface tension; the morphologies, sizes, and yields of particles; BSA encapsulation efficiency (EE); and in vitro release. An increase in the organic/aqueous phase ratio increased the viscosity and decreased the electrical conductivity of the emulsions, while the viscosity increased with BSA/PLA ratio. In general, spherical particles, with smooth surface and without visible pores, were observed. However, the spherical shape was lost as the organic/aqueous phase ratio decreased and the BSA/PLA ratio decreased. The particle sizes ranged from 0.84+/-0.18 to 3.95+/-0.51mum and the yield was in the range of 64.3+/-1.8 to 80.1+/-2.6%. EE of BSA was between 22.9 and 80.6%, and was increased with organic/aqueous phase ratio and decreased with increasing BSA/PLA ratio. In vitro release of BSA from the particles was reduced with increasing organic/aqueous phase ratio and was enhanced by the increase in the BSA/PLA ratio.
authors.affiliation: Industrial Agricultural Products Center and Department of Food Science & Technology, University of Nebraska, Lincoln, NE 68583-0730, USA.
authors.forename: Yixiang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Milford A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Hanna
mesh_terms: D002626:Chemistry, Pharmaceutical / Q000379:methods*; D004339:Drug Compounding / Q000379:methods; D004553:Electric Conductivity; D004655:Emulsions; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D010316:Particle Size; D011091:Polyesters / Q000737:chemistry*; D016062:Porosity; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine / Q000737:chemistry; D012995:Solubility; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D014783:Viscosity; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D004655:Emulsions; D011091:Polyesters; D011506:Proteins; D014867:Water; D012710:Serum Albumin, Bovine; C033616:poly(lactide)