title: Variable region heavy chain glycosylation determines the anticoagulant activity of a factor VIII antibody.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  N-glycosylation occurs in the variable region of about 10% of antibodies but the role of carbohydrate at this location is still poorly understood.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the function of N-glycosylation in the variable region of the heavy chain of a human monoclonal antibody, mAb-LE2E9, that partially inhibits factor VIII (FVIII) activity during coagulation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Enzymatic deglycosylation indicated that the oligosaccharides do not determine the affinity of the antibody but enhance its FVIII neutralizing activity. A mutant antibody lacking the N-glycosylation site in the variable region of the heavy chain inhibited FVIII activity by up to 40%, while inhibition by the native antibody was 80%. To evaluate the physiological effect of such a FVIII inhibition, we investigated the ability of the mutant antibody devoid of N-glycosylation in the variable region to prevent thrombosis in mice with a strong prothombotic phenotype resulting from a type II deficiency mutation in the heparin binding site of antithrombin. Despite its moderate inhibition of FVIII activity, the mutant antibody significantly prevented thrombosis in treated animals. We also carried out glycan analysis of native and mutant antibodies.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Modification of glycosylation in the variable region of antibodies contributes to the diversity of FVIII type II inhibition possibly by steric hindrance of the active site of FVIII by glycans, and may provide a novel strategy to modulate the functional activity of therapeutic antibodies.
authors.affiliation: Center for Molecular and Vascular Biology, University of Leuven, Herestraat 49, B-3000 Leuven, Belgium. marc.jacquemin@med.kuleuven.ac.be
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jacquemin
authors.forename: C M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Radcliffe
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Lavend'homme
authors.forename: M R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Wormald
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vanderelst
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wallays
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Dewaele
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Collen
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Vermylen
authors.forename: R A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Dwek
authors.forename: J-M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Saint-Remy
authors.forename: P M
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Rudd
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dewerchin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D016466:CHO Cells; D002850:Chromatography, Gel; D006224:Cricetinae; D017931:DNA Primers; D005169:Factor VIII / Q000276:immunology*; D006031:Glycosylation; D006801:Humans; D020349:Surface Plasmon Resonance
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D000925:Anticoagulants; D017931:DNA Primers; D005169:Factor VIII