title: [Abdominal compartment syndrome].
abstract: Abdominal compartment syndrome (ACS) is characterized by a persistent pathologic increase in intra-abdominal pressure (IAP) exceeding 20 mmHg with consecutive dysfunction of multiple organ systems. The main causes of ACS are abdominal trauma, obstruction, infection, and sepsis, but it may also be initiated by extra-abdominal diseases. The gold standard for diagnosis is repeated assessment of the IAP measurements of bladder pressure. The incidence of ACS is up to 15% in operative ICUs and the therapy of choice for it is decompressive laparotomy. Nevertheless, mortality is high, up to 60%.
authors.affiliation: Chirurgische Universitätsklinik und Poliklinik der RWTH Aachen, Pauwelsstrasse 30, Aachen. pbertram@ukaachen.de
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bertram
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schachtrupp
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rosch
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Schumacher
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Schumpelick
mesh_terms: D000005:Abdomen / Q000473:pathology; D000007:Abdominal Injuries / Q000150:complications; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000818:Animals; D002648:Child; D003161:Compartment Syndromes / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000401:mortality / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D019299:Decompression, Surgical; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007813:Laparotomy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009102:Multiple Organ Failure / Q000209:etiology; D011312:Pressure; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018805:Sepsis / Q000150:complications; D013552:Swine; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000502:physiology