title: Detection of intraductal component around invasive breast cancer using ultrasound: correlation with MRI and histopathological findings.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was preoperatively to diagnose the intraductal component, which is indispensable in planning for breast conservation therapy, and also to minimize local recurrence. This study investigated the efficacy of ultrasound (US) in the detection of intraductal component in comparison with magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and histopathological findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  In 47 patients with invasive breast cancer, US features of the intraductal component were classified as (a) solid ductal dilatation radiating from the tumor, (b) presence of satellite lesion in the same segment without ductal dilatation, and (c) ductal dilatation between the main tumor and satellite lesion. MRI depicted intraductal extension as the most enhanced area during the first or second phase of the dynamic study. Other criteria for the detection of the intraductal component by MRI were as follows: (a) a satellite lesion around the main tumor, (b) bridging enhancement between the main tumor and satellite lesions. The extent of the intraductal component was measured and classified as mimimal (0-5 mm), moderate (6-15 mm) or wide (>15 mm).
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 28 of 47 (60.0%) patients, a wide intraductal component of more than 15 mm was proved histopathologically. Of 28 patients, US and MRI could accurately detect wide intraductal components in 16 patients and 14 patients, respectively. Sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 57.1%, 84.2%, and 68.1% respectively for US and 50.0%, 89.5% and 65.9% for MRI, respectively. When both US and MRI results were combined, sensitivity, specificity, and accuracy were 75.0%, 84.2%, and 78.7%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Current US examination depicted the intraductal component of breast cancer more accurately than MRI. Further, our study suggests that the use of both US and MRI together is complementary and offers more advantage than US alone.
authors.affiliation: Graduate School of Comprehensive Human Sciences, Advances in Biomedical Applications, University of Tsukuba Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan.
authors.forename: Sangeetha
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Sundararajan
authors.forename: Eriko
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Tohno
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kamma
authors.forename: Ei
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ueno
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Minami
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D002285:Carcinoma, Intraductal, Noninfiltrating / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D003287:Contrast Media; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008875:Middle Aged; D009361:Neoplasm Invasiveness; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D016217:Ultrasonography, Mammary
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA