title: Tuberculosis trends in Madrid, 1994-2003: impact of immigration and HIV infection.
abstract: METHODS
  Tuberculosis (TB) cases reported from nine districts of Madrid, where the percentage of immigrant population varied from 1.9% in 1996 to 12.2% in 2003.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To describe the trends in TB incidence from 1994 to 2003.
  
  
  METHODS
  Observational study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Between 1994-1995 and 2002-2003, the TB rate decreased from 48.5 (95% CI 45.8-51.1) to 23.3 per 100000 population (95% CI 21.5-25.1) (P < 0.001). The percentage of TB cases co-infected with HIV decreased from 55.9% in 1994 to 14.3% in 2003 (P < 0.001), whereas TB cases in foreigners increased from 2.6% in 1994 to 33.7% in 2003 (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although the TB rates showed a marked decrease in the study period, the increasing impact of immigration contributed to slowing down the trend.
authors.affiliation: Consejería de Sanidad y Consumo, Hospital Gregorio Marañon, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Iñigo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Arce
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: García de Viedma
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Palenque
authors.forename: M J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ruiz Serrano
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cabello
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Chaves
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D002648:Child; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D014376:Tuberculosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014505:Urban Population