title: Etanercept treatment for three months is safe in patients with rheumatological manifestations associated with hepatitis C virus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The treatment of the rheumatological manifestations associated with hepatitis C virus (HCV) remains difficult. To examine the safety of anti-tumour necrosis factor-alpha treatment, nine patients having rheumatological manifestations associated with HCV were treated with etanercept 25 mg twice a week for 3 months.
  
  
  METHODS
  Five patients had a positive viral load at study entry (Group I), four were negative (Group II). Clinical data recorded were: disease duration, painful and swollen joint count, patient global and physician global assessment, the number of 18 specified fibromyalgia tender points and the Health Assessment Questionnaire score. Laboratory studies included checking for the presence of cryoglobulinaemia and transaminase levels. Quantitative HCV viral RNA was performed by real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 3 months, no patient was found to have evidence of increased hepatic inflammation based on serial serum transaminase levels. In the five patients from Group I with detectable HCV RNA, no significant viral load increase was observed. No reactivation was observed in the four patients from Group II with undetectable HCV RNA. The effect on the clinical rheumatological manifestations was more heterogeneous but appears to be lower than that observed in rheumatoid arthritis.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  In this phase II open short-term study, etanercept appeared to be safe in patients with articular manifestations associated with HCV.
authors.affiliation: Clinical Immunology Unit, Department of Immunology, Edouard Herriot Hospital, France.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Marotte
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fontanges
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Bailly
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Zoulim
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Trepo
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Miossec
mesh_terms: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000068800:Etanercept; D005260:Female; D016174:Hepacivirus / Q000302:isolation & purification; D019698:Hepatitis C, Chronic / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D007074:Immunoglobulin G / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000627:therapeutic use; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D019562:Viral Load
chemical_list: D018501:Antirheumatic Agents; D007074:Immunoglobulin G; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D000068800:Etanercept