title: Oligonucleotide-modified gold nanoparticles for intracellular gene regulation.
abstract: We describe the use of gold nanoparticle-oligonucleotide complexes as intracellular gene regulation agents for the control of protein expression in cells. These oligonucleotide-modified nanoparticles have affinity constants for complementary nucleic acids that are higher than their unmodified oligonucleotide counterparts, are less susceptible to degradation by nuclease activity, exhibit greater than 99% cellular uptake, can introduce oligonucleotides at a higher effective concentration than conventional transfection agents, and are nontoxic to the cells under the conditions studied. By chemically tailoring the density of DNA bound to the surface of gold nanoparticles, we demonstrated a tunable gene knockdown.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry and International Institute for Nanotechnology, Northwestern University, 2145 Sheridan Road, Evanston, IL 60208-3113 USA.
authors.forename: Nathaniel L
authors.initials: NL
authors.lastname: Rosi
authors.forename: David A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Giljohann
authors.forename: C Shad
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Thaxton
authors.forename: Abigail K R
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Lytton-Jean
authors.forename: Min Su
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Chad A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Mirkin
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002460:Cell Line; D003851:Deoxyribonucleases / Q000378:metabolism; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006046:Gold; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D051379:Mice; D049329:Nanostructures; D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense / Q000378:metabolism; D012333:RNA, Messenger
chemical_list: D020319:Oligodeoxyribonucleotides, Antisense; D012333:RNA, Messenger; C485184:enhanced green fluorescent protein; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D006046:Gold; D003851:Deoxyribonucleases; D005978:Glutathione