title: Genitourinary imaging techniques.
abstract: In the current era of pediatric uroradiology, use of nuclear medicine, ultrasonography, CT, and MRI has been valuable in the identification and management of genitourinary diseases. Excellent information about the renal parenchyma and renal function is currently attainable with current cross-sectional imaging techniques that can identify tissue differentiation of lesions, distinguish dilatation of the pelvocalyceal system, and determine margins of the kidney and perirenal space. Invasive angiography is limited in application specifically to vascular diseases, although they are uncommon in childhood. Because of these newer techniques, intravenous urography has lost its position as the "cornerstone" of urinary tract imaging and is used mainly to identify pathologic conditions of the ureters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Radiology, Medical College of Wisconsin and Children's Hospital of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53201, USA.
authors.forename: John R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Sty
authors.forename: Cynthia G
authors.initials: CG
authors.lastname: Pan
mesh_terms: D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003952:Diagnostic Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D003950:Diagnostic Techniques, Urological; D005260:Female; D052776:Female Urogenital Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D052801:Male Urogenital Diseases; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D018608:Ultrasonography, Doppler; D014567:Urography
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals