title: Association of peripheral total and differential leukocyte counts with metabolic syndrome and risk of ischemic cardiovascular diseases in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  There is increasing evidence that leukocytes play a central role in obesity, glucose intolerance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), and cardiovascular diseases, but the role of differential leukocytes in metabolic syndrome (MetS) and atherosclerosis is largely unknown. The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between the component features of MetS and peripheral leukocyte counts and to explore whether leukocyte counts are associated with clustering of MetS and macrovascular diseases in patients with T2DM.
  
  
  METHODS
  1872 subjects with T2DM who enrolled in a diabetes disease management program were studied. The definition of MetS was modified from that outlined by the criteria of NCEP-ATP III. Areas under the receiver-operating characteristic curve and odds ratios at various intervals of the WBC counts were computed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The peripheral total leukocyte, monocyte, and neutrophil cell counts are increased parallel to the clustering of components of MetS. When white cell counts were analyzed per quartile and as continuous variables after adjustment for age, sex, and other known risk factors with multiple regression analysis, peripheral total leukocyte, monocyte, neutrophils, and lymphocyte counts were independently and significantly associated with specific features of clustering of MetS and prevalence of ischemic cardiovascular diseases. Leukocyte counts, especially neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio, in addition with MetS is associated with the risk of ischemic cardiovascular diseases.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that differential leukocyte counts are associated with MetS and that peripheral leukocytes may play a role in the pathogenesis of macrovascular complications in patients with T2DM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Research, Pingtung Christian Hospital, Pingtung, 90000, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Jack C-R
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Sheng-Hsiung
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Sheu
authors.forename: Herng-Chia
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chiu
authors.forename: Fu-Mei
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Dao-Ming
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Chang
authors.forename: Miao-Pei
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Shyi-Jang
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Shin
authors.forename: Yau-Jiunn
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000419:Albuminuria / Q000453:epidemiology; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood*; D003925:Diabetic Angiopathies / Q000097:blood* / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007407:Interviews as Topic; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008297:Male; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000097:blood*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012307:Risk Factors; D012907:Smoking; D013624:Taiwan