title: Up-regulation of chemokine ligand 20 in chronic rhinosinusitis.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the up-regulation of chemokine ligand 20 (CCL20) in chronic rhinosinusitis mucosa and to localize the distribution of CCL20 in the human paranasal sinus mucosa.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary academic institution.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten patients who underwent functional endoscopic sinus surgery for chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps and 10 normal control subjects.
  
  
  METHODS
  Messenger RNA was extracted from the sinus mucosa, and semiquantitative reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reaction was performed. Immunohistochemical staining was used to localize the CCL20 protein.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The expression levels of CCL20 messenger RNA level in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps were significantly increased compared with those in normal sinus mucosa. The expression of CCL20 protein was greater in chronic rhinosinusitis without nasal polyps mucosa and was localized to the epithelial and submucosal glandular cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CCL20 is an inducible product of human paranasal sinus epithelium that may play a role in modulating mucosal immunity of the sinus mucosa.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hallym University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea.
authors.forename: Jong Hyouk
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Hee Joon
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Kang
authors.forename: Jeong-Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: Sung Won
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Chae
authors.forename: Sang Hag
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Soon Jae
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: Heung-Man
authors.initials: HM
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D054418:Chemokine CCL20; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000235:genetics*; D002908:Chronic Disease; D004724:Endoscopy; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D018928:Immunity, Mucosal / Q000235:genetics; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009297:Nasal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology; D010256:Paranasal Sinuses / Q000473:pathology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D012016:Reference Values; D012220:Rhinitis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000601:surgery; D012852:Sinusitis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000601:surgery; D015854:Up-Regulation / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: C108355:CCL20 protein, human; D054418:Chemokine CCL20; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger