title: CSF cytokine and chemokine profiles in acute disseminated encephalomyelitis.
abstract: We simultaneously measured 16 cytokines/chemokines in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) from 14 patients with acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM) and 20 controls using a fluorescent bead-based immunoassay. A variety of cytokines, such as IL-1beta, IL-2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IFN-gamma, TNF-alpha, G-CSF and MIP-1beta, were significantly elevated in ADEM. In particular, G-CSF showed a marked 38-fold increase compared to the control mean. Significant positive correlations with inflammatory parameters in CSF, such as cell counts and protein levels, were found for IFN-gamma, IL-6 and IL-8. In contrast, IL-17 produced by activated CD4(+) memory T cells was not increased. The results suggested that various cytokines related to activation of macrophages/microglias and Th(1) and Th(2) cells are upregulated in CSF in ADEM.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Neurological Institute, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan.
authors.forename: Takaaki
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ishizu
authors.forename: Motozumi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Minohara
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ichiyama
authors.forename: Ryutaro
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kira
authors.forename: Masahito
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Manabu
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Osoegawa
authors.forename: Toshiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hara
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Furukawa
authors.forename: Jun-ichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kira
mesh_terms: D018925:Chemokines / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016207:Cytokines / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid*; D020278:Demyelinating Autoimmune Diseases, CNS / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid / Q000276:immunology; D004673:Encephalomyelitis, Acute Disseminated / Q000134:cerebrospinal fluid* / Q000276:immunology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male
chemical_list: D018925:Chemokines; D016207:Cytokines