title: Role of the cyclooxygenase pathway in the protection against postischemic stunning in conscious sheep.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  There are controversial reports in conscious animals regarding the role of cyclooxygenase-2 in late preconditioning (LP). This study analyzed the effect of COX-2 involvement in non-preconditioned hearts (NP) and in mediation of LP protection against stunning in conscious sheep submitted to a prolonged reversible ischemia.
  
  
  METHODS
  Six groups were considered: NP: 12 min ischemia and 120 min reperfusion; LP consisting of six periods of 5 min-ischemia-5 min reperfusion 24 h before the 12 min ischemia; NP and LP with either the non-selective COX-1 and COX-2 inhibitor, aspirin (20 mg/kg), or the specific COX-2 inhibitor, celecoxib (3 mg/kg) before the 12 min ischemic period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean postischemic wall thickening fraction (as % of preischemic values) improved from 49.6 +/- 4.0% in NP to 72.5 +/- 3.5% in LP (p < 0.01) and a similar protection was obtained with aspirin and celecoxib in NP hearts (p < 0.01). Neither aspirin nor celecoxib administration prior to the prolonged ischemia on day 2 abrogated LP improvement of postischemic dysfunction. Moreover, LP with aspirin improved the protective response (80.7 +/- 2.6%) over that obtained with aspirin in NP hearts (66.6 +/- 4.7%, p < 0.05). This effect was not obtained with celecoxib.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Aspirin and celecoxib showed that COX-2 has a detrimental effect on mechanical cardioprotection in NP hearts of conscious sheep submitted to a prolonged reversible ischemia, and does not seem to participate as mediator of LP. Aspirin revealed a similar COX-1 deleterious action, since only when both COX-1 and COX-2 were inhibited, LP was put in evidence adding functional improvement over that obtained in NP hearts treated with aspirin.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Biochemistry, Universidad Favaloro Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina. lascano@favaloro.edu.ar
authors.forename: Elena C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Lascano
authors.forename: Héctor F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Del Valle
authors.forename: Jorge A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Negroni
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003243:Consciousness / Q000502:physiology*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D006439:Hemodynamics; D019157:Ischemic Preconditioning, Myocardial; D008297:Male; D017682:Myocardial Stunning / Q000517:prevention & control*; D012756:Sheep / Q000502:physiology*; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2