title: Increased number of new neurons in the olfactory bulb and hippocampus of adult non-human primates after focal ischemia.
abstract: Adult neurogenesis is modulated by growth factors, physical conditions, and other alterations in the physical microenvironment. We studied the effects of focal ischemia on neurogenesis in the subventricular zone (SVZ), olfactory bulb (OB), and hippocampal dentate gyrus (DG) (known to be persistent neurogenic regions) in the adult non-human primate, the cynomolgus monkey. Three monkeys underwent middle cerebral artery occlusion-induced focal ischemia and were given multiple BrdU injections during the first 2 weeks after ischemia. Twenty-eight days later, the animals were perfused. The number of new neurons (3182 +/- 408/mm3) in the ipsilateral DG of ischemic monkeys was 4.7-fold that in the DG of non-operated monkeys. The number of new neurons (9176 +/- 2295/mm3) in the ipsilateral olfactory bulb of ischemic monkeys was 18.0-fold that in normal olfactory bulb. These observations suggest an increase in the number of new OB neurons, as well as new DG neurons, after focal ischemia in a primate. This substantial increase in new neurons after focal ischemia could result from the enhancement of cell proliferation rather than a change in the rate of cell commitment. Of the three monkeys subjected to ischemia, only one animal possessed a unique progenitor cell type at the most anterior aspect of the ipsilateral SVZ. Within this region, a short migration (approximately 500 microm) of doublecortin-expressing immature neuronal progenitor cells was observed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Integrated Biosciences, Graduate School of Frontier Sciences, University of Tokyo, Kashiwa, Chiba 277-8562, Japan.
authors.forename: Daisuke
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Koketsu
authors.forename: Yasuhisa
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Furuichi
authors.forename: Masashi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Maeda
authors.forename: Nobuya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Matsuoka
authors.forename: Yusei
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: Tatsuhiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hisatsune
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine / Q000378:metabolism; D002452:Cell Count / Q000379:methods; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000473:pathology; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D000089622:Doublecortin Domain Proteins; D007839:Functional Laterality / Q000502:physiology; D006624:Hippocampus / Q000473:pathology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods; D008252:Macaca fascicularis; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009460:Neurologic Examination / Q000379:methods; D009474:Neurons / Q000502:physiology*; D009479:Neuropeptides / Q000378:metabolism; D009830:Olfactory Bulb / Q000473:pathology*; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase / Q000378:metabolism; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D000089622:Doublecortin Domain Proteins; D008869:Microtubule-Associated Proteins; D009479:Neuropeptides; D010751:Phosphopyruvate Hydratase; D001973:Bromodeoxyuridine