title: Sensitivity and specificity of frequency-doubling technology, tendency-oriented perimetry, SITA Standard and SITA Fast perimetry in perimetrically inexperienced individuals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of the screening modes of frequency-doubling technology (FDT), tendency-oriented perimetry (TOP), SITA Standard (SS) and SITA Fast (SF) in perimetrically inexperienced individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  One eye of 64 glaucoma patients and 53 normal subjects who had never undergone automated perimetry were tested with programs C-20-5 (FDT), G1 (TOP) and 24-2 (SS and SF). The gold standard for glaucoma was the presence of a typical glaucomatous optic disc appearance on stereoscopic examination (judged by a glaucoma expert), and intraocular pressure (IOP) > 21 mmHg. The test order among strategies was randomized for each subject. To define an abnormal visual field, we applied three criteria for SS and SF and two criteria for TOP and FDT, all of which have been previously described in the literature. Sensitivities and specificities among the different criteria were compared using the Cochran test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Frequency-doubling technology showed the shortest mean test duration, followed by TOP, SF and SS (p < 0.05). Sensitivity ranges were 87.5-89.1% for SS, 92.2-93.8% for SF, 87.5-89.1% for TOP, and 82.8-85.9% for FDT (p = 0.34). Specificity ranges were 73.6-83% for FDT, 56.6-62.3% for TOP, 60.4-69.8% for SF and 66.0-71.7% for SS. The specificity obtained with criterion 2 for FDT (based on the presence of two or more abnormal locations regardless of the severity of abnormal points) was higher than those measured with the other strategies (p < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When testing individuals with no perimetric experience, moderate sensitivities and specificities should be expected, regardless of the strategy chosen.
authors.affiliation: Glaucoma Service, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil. paulooft@unicamp.br
authors.forename: Paulo de Tarso Ponte
authors.initials: Pde T
authors.lastname: Pierre-Filho
authors.forename: Rui Barroso
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Schimiti
authors.forename: José Paulo Cabral
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: de Vasconcellos
authors.forename: Vital Paulino
authors.initials: VP
authors.lastname: Costa
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D005260:Female; D005901:Glaucoma / Q000175:diagnosis*; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009898:Optic Disk / Q000473:pathology*; D009901:Optic Nerve Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014786:Vision Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis*; D058609:Visual Field Tests / Q000592:standards*; D014794:Visual Fields