The burden of psychological symptoms in UK Armed Forces.
OBJECTIVE
To assess the prevalence of psychological symptoms during periods of relatively low deployment activity and the factors associated with each psychological health outcome.


METHODS
A survey of 4500 randomly selected UK service personnel was carried out in 2002. The questionnaire included the General Health Questionnaire (GHQ-12), the post-traumatic stress disorder checklist (PCL), 15 symptoms and an assessment of alcohol intake.


RESULTS
A total of 20% were above cut-offs for GHQ-12, 15% for symptoms, 12% for alcohol intake and 2% for PCL. Gender, age, excessive drinking and smoking were independently associated with most outcomes of interest. Number of deployments was independently associated with multiple symptoms and excessive drinking. High post-traumatic stress disorder score was more frequent in the Army and in lower ranks.


CONCLUSIONS
Psychological symptoms are highly prevalent in UK Armed Forces. Many risk factors are associated with measures of psychological ill-health.
Jones
Margaret
M
King's Centre for Military Health Research, King's College, London, UK. Margaret.jones@kcl.ac.uk
Rona
Roberto J
RJ
Hooper
Richard
R
Wesseley
Simon
S
D000428:Alcohol Drinking / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D001523:Mental Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D008889:Military Personnel / Q000523:psychology*; D009784:Occupational Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D012307:Risk Factors; D013313:Stress Disorders, Post-Traumatic / Q000453:epidemiology; D006113:United Kingdom / Q000453:epidemiology