title: Genetic polymorphisms of CYP1A1, CYP2E1, GSTM1, and GSTT1 associated with head and neck cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Alcohol intake and tobacco smoke, in addition to other environmental and genetic factors, have been associated with head and neck cancer. We evaluated the role of metabolic enzyme polymorphisms on the risk of head and neck cancer in a hospital-based case-control study.
  
  
  METHODS
  CYP1A1MspI, CYP2E1PstI, GSTM1, and GSTT1polymorphisms were evaluated in 103 histologically confirmed head and neck cancer cases and 102 controls by means of polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  GSTM1null increased the risk of head and neck cancer (odds ratio [OR], 2.2; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 1.24-3.79), oral cancer (OR, 2.8; 95% CI, 1.28-5.98), and pharyngeal cancer (OR, 2.2; 95% CI, 1.08-4.63). CYP2E1PstI polymorphism indicated a risk for oral cancer (OR, 3.6; 95% CI, 1.29-11.56). The joint effect of GSTM1 null and CYP1A1 polymorphism increased the risk of head and neck cancer (OR, 2.4; 95% CI, 1.13-5.10).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  GSTM1 null alone or associated with CYP1A1 increased the risk of head and neck cancer; the CYP2E1PstI mutated allele increased the risk for only oral cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Legal Medicine, Ethics and Occupational Health, School of Medicine, Instituto Oscar Freire, Rua Teodoro Sampaio 115, CEP: 05405-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil. gfgattas@usp.br
authors.forename: Gilka Jorge Figaro
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Gattás
authors.forename: Marcos Brasilino
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: de Carvalho
authors.forename: Maria Salete
authors.initials: MS
authors.lastname: Siraque
authors.forename: Otávio A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Curioni
authors.forename: Priscila
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kohler
authors.forename: Jose
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Eluf-Neto
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Wünsch-Filho
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000235:genetics*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1 / Q000235:genetics*; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1 / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005982:Glutathione Transferase / Q000235:genetics*; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic
chemical_list: D019363:Cytochrome P-450 CYP1A1; D019392:Cytochrome P-450 CYP2E1; D005982:Glutathione Transferase; C413545:glutathione S-transferase T1