title: Both alpha2 and alpha3 GABAA receptor subtypes mediate the anxiolytic properties of benzodiazepine site ligands in the conditioned emotional response paradigm.
abstract: Mice with point-mutated alpha2 GABAA receptor subunits (rendering them diazepam insensitive) are resistant to the anxiolytic-like effects of benzodiazepines (BZs) in unconditioned models of anxiety. We investigated the role of the alpha2 GABAA subtype in a model of conditioned anxiety. alpha2(H101R) and wildtype mice were trained in a conditioned emotional response (CER) task, in which lever-pressing for food on a variable interval (VI) schedule was suppressed during the presentation of a conditioned stimulus (CS+) that predicted footshock. The ability of diazepam, ethanol and pentobarbital to reduce suppression during the CS+ was interpreted as an anxiolytic response. Diazepam (0, 0.5, 1, 2, 4 and 8 mg/kg) induced a dose-dependent anxiolytic-like effect in wildtype mice. At high doses, diazepam (2, 4 and 8 mg/kg) was sedative in alpha2(H101R) mice. Analysis of the anxiolytic properties of nonsedative diazepam doses (0.5 and 1 mg/kg), showed that alpha2(H101R) mice were resistant to the anxiolytic effects of diazepam. Equivalent anxiolytic properties of pentobarbital (20 mg/kg) and ethanol (1 and 2 g/kg) were seen in both genotypes. These findings confirm the critical importance of the alpha2 GABAA subtype in mediating BZ anxiolysis. However, as a compound, L-838417, with agonist properties at alpha2, alpha3 and alpha5-containing receptors, gave rise to anxiolytic-like activity in alpha2(H101R) mice in the CER test, alpha3-containing GABA receptors are also likely to contribute to anxiolysis. Observations that alpha2(H101R) mice were more active, and displayed a greater suppression of lever pressing in response to fear-conditioned stimuli than wildtype mice, suggests that the alpha2(H101R) mutation may not be behaviourally silent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychology, University of Sussex, Falmer, Brighton, BN1 9QG, UK.
authors.forename: H V
authors.initials: HV
authors.lastname: Morris
authors.forename: G R
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: D S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Reynolds
authors.forename: J R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Atack
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Stephens
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001007:Anxiety / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000235:genetics / Q000503:physiopathology; D001569:Benzodiazepines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003214:Conditioning, Classical / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D003975:Diazepam / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004644:Emotions / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D000431:Ethanol / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008817:Mice, Mutant Strains; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D014151:Anti-Anxiety Agents; D002492:Central Nervous System Depressants; D011963:Receptors, GABA-A; D001569:Benzodiazepines; D000431:Ethanol; D003975:Diazepam