title: Epidermal growth factor receptor messenger RNA expression, gene dosage, and gefitinib sensitivity in non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) mRNA expression and EGFR gene dosage by quantitative PCR in tumor samples obtained from patients with gefitinib-treated non-small cell lung cancer were analyzed in order to determine the association with treatment outcome, clinical, and biological features [EGFR copy number by fluorescent in situ hybridization (FISH), EGFR tyrosine kinase mutations, and EGFR protein expression].
  
  
  METHODS
  EGFR mRNA expression was measured by real-time quantitative reverse transcription-PCR in 64 patients, and EGFR gene dosage was analyzed by real-time quantitative PCR in 82 patients from paraffin-embedded specimens.
  
  
  RESULTS
  EGFR mRNA expression was higher in responders to gefitinib as compared with nonresponders (P = 0.012). Patients with high EGFR mRNA expression (>5.01) had 43% response probability, whereas patients with low EGFR mRNA expression had 8% response probability (P = 0.006). Patients with high EGFR mRNA expression had longer median progression-free (5.3 versus 2.8 months, P = 0.028) but not overall survival (13.8 versus 10.9 months, P = 0.87). EGFR mRNA expression was higher in FISH-positive patients (P = 0.001) and in patients with positive EGFR immunostaining (P < 0.001) but not in patients with EGFR mutations (P = 0.19). EGFR gene dosage did not predict response (P = 0.54), progression-free (P = 0.73), or overall survival (P = 0.89). EGFR gene dosage was not associated with FISH positivity (P = 0.15), relative mRNA expression (P = 0.27), EGFR mutation status (P = 0.39), and EGFR protein expression (P = 0.35).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  EGFR mRNA expression is a predictive biomarker for response to gefitinib and to progression-free survival after gefitinib treatment. EGFR gene dosage is neither predictive for response nor progression-free nor overall survival.
authors.affiliation: University of Colorado Health Sciences Center and University of Colorado Cancer Center, Aurora, Colorado 80045, USA.
authors.forename: Rafal
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dziadziuszko
authors.forename: Samir E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Witta
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cappuzzo
authors.forename: Seongjin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Peter V
authors.initials: PV
authors.lastname: Danenberg
authors.forename: Anna E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Barón
authors.forename: Lucio
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Crino
authors.forename: Wilbur A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Franklin
authors.forename: Paul A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Bunn
authors.forename: Marileila
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Varella-Garcia
authors.forename: Kathleen D
authors.initials: KD
authors.lastname: Danenberg
authors.forename: Fred R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Hirsch
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D004252:DNA Mutational Analysis; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D000077156:Gefitinib; D018628:Gene Dosage; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D006801:Humans; D017404:In Situ Hybridization, Fluorescence; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011799:Quinazolines / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000096:biosynthesis; D016019:Survival Analysis; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D011799:Quinazolines; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D000077156:Gefitinib