title: The effects of the slug biological control agent, Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita (Nematoda), on non-target aquatic molluscs.
abstract: The nematode Phasmarhabditis hermaphrodita is used as a commercial biological control agent of slugs in the UK. Although it is known to affect other terrestrial mollusc species, its effects on freshwater molluscs are not known. The present study investigated the effects of P. hermaphrodita on the survival of juvenile Lymnaea stagnalis and Physa fontinalis, two common freshwater snails, at 'spray tank' concentration and a 50% diluted 'spray tank' concentration over a 14-day period. Survival of L. stagnalis was significantly reduced at both application levels but P. fontinalis suffered no mortalities over the experimental period. The possible differential mechanisms of pathology between the two host species are discussed.
authors.affiliation: School of Biological Sciences, Royal Holloway, University of London, Egham, Surrey, TW20 0EX, UK. n.morley@rhul.ac.uk
authors.forename: N J
authors.initials: NJ
authors.lastname: Morley
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Morritt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D049851:Gastropoda; D008974:Mollusca / Q000469:parasitology*; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D017172:Rhabditoidea; D013045:Species Specificity; D014873:Water Pollutants / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D014873:Water Pollutants