title: Innate immune response gene expression profiles of N9 microglia are pathogen-type specific.
abstract: Glial cells, particularly microglia, are thought to play a pivotal role in initiating and guiding innate immune responses to CNS infections and in perpetuating inflammation and pathology in CNS diseases such as multiple sclerosis and Alzheimer's disease. We describe here the development and use of a new microarray designed to specifically profile transcript expression of innate immunity genes. Microarray analysis validated by quantitative PCR demonstrated an extensive range of pattern recognition receptor gene expression in resting N9 microglia, including Toll-like receptors, scavenger receptors and lectins. Stimulation with LPS or infection with virus modulated pattern recognition receptor, cytokine, chemokine and other innate immune transcripts in a distinct and stimulus-specific manner. This study demonstrates that a single glial cell phenotype has an innate capability to detect infection, determine its form and generate specific responses.
authors.affiliation: Virology, Centre for Infectious Diseases College of Medicine and Veterinary Medicine, University of Edinburgh, Summerhall, Edinburgh EH9 1QH, UK.
authors.forename: Clive S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: McKimmie
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Roy
authors.forename: Thorsten
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Forster
authors.forename: John K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Fazakerley
mesh_terms: D018354:Alphavirus Infections / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D000939:Epitopes / Q000276:immunology; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D007113:Immunity, Innate / Q000235:genetics*; D051379:Mice; D017628:Microglia / Q000276:immunology* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000821:virology; D020411:Oligonucleotide Array Sequence Analysis; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition / Q000096:biosynthesis* / Q000235:genetics*; D012672:Semliki forest virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000939:Epitopes; D051192:Receptors, Pattern Recognition