title: Genetic variants of adiponectin receptor 2 are associated with increased adiponectin levels and decreased triglyceride/VLDL levels in patients with metabolic syndrome.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Adiponectin acts as an antidiabetic, antiinflammatory and antiatherogenic adipokine. These effects are assumed to be mediated by the recently discovered adiponectin receptors AdipoR1 and AdipoR2.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine whether variations in the AdipoR1 and AdipoR2 genes may contribute to insulin resistance, dyslipidemia and inflammation.
  
  
  METHODS
  We sequenced all seven coding exons of both genes in 20 unrelated German subjects with metabolic syndrome and tested genetic variants for association with glucose, lipid and inflammatory parameters.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We identified three AdipoR2 variants (+795G/A, +870C/A and +963C/T) in perfect linkage disequilibrium (r2 = 1) with a minor allele frequency of 0.125. This haplotype was associated with higher plasma adiponectin levels and decreased fasting triglyceride, VLDL-triglyceride and VLDL-cholesterol levels. No association, however, was observed between the AdipoR2 SNP cluster and glucose metabolism.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To our knowledge, this is the first study to identify an association between genetic variants of the adiponectin receptor genes and plasma adiponectin levels. Furthermore, our data suggest that AdipoR2 may play an important role in triglyceride/VLDL metabolism.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine II, Klinikum Grosshadern, University of Munich, Marchioninistr, 15, 81377 Munich, Germany. uli.broedl@med.uni-muenchen.de
authors.forename: Uli C
authors.initials: UC
authors.lastname: Broedl
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lehrke
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fleischer-Brielmaier
authors.forename: Anne B
authors.initials: AB
authors.lastname: Tietz
authors.forename: Jutta M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Nagel
authors.forename: Burkhard
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Göke
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lohse
authors.forename: Klaus G
authors.initials: KG
authors.lastname: Parhofer
mesh_terms: D052242:Adiponectin / Q000097:blood*; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis; D015243:Cholesterol, VLDL / Q000097:blood*; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005858:Germany; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000097:blood; D007333:Insulin Resistance / Q000235:genetics; D015810:Linkage Disequilibrium; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL / Q000097:blood*; D024821:Metabolic Syndrome / Q000235:genetics*; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology*; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014280:Triglycerides / Q000097:blood*
chemical_list: C475418:ADIPOR1 protein, human; C475420:ADIPOR2 protein, human; D052242:Adiponectin; D001786:Blood Glucose; D015243:Cholesterol, VLDL; D008079:Lipoproteins, VLDL; D054419:Receptors, Adiponectin; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D014280:Triglycerides; C030106:very low density lipoprotein triglyceride