title: Involvement of c-myc-regulated genes in hepatocellular carcinoma related to genotype-C hepatitis B virus.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to elucidate the molecular basis of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) caused by genotype-C hepatitis B virus (HBV).
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared molecular profiles of 15 HCCs and five non-tumorous livers, all of which were associated with genotype-C HBV infection, using DNA microarray technology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Our supervised learning identified 237 genes whose expression differed between HCCs and non-tumorous livers. This result was validated by a false discovery rate of 0%. Levels of expression of 35 and 202 genes were higher and lower, respectively, in HCCs than in non-tumorous livers. Among the 237 genes, we highlighted the top 35 upregulated and top 35 down regulated genes in tumor. Interestingly, when overlapping genes were excluded, 12 (e.g., NM23-H2, MCM7, PARP1, YWHAH, HSPB1, and MSH2) of the top 34 upregulated genes and five (e.g., MT1A and MT3) of the top 33 downregulated genes were c-myc-regulated genes. The microarray data for five randomly selected genes (MCM7, UBE2L3, PPIA, CXCL12, and ASS) were confirmed by quantitative real-time reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Our results indicate that many c-myc-regulated genes are involved in genotype-C-HBV-related HCC, suggesting that c-myc is related to the hepatocarcinogenic activity of genotype-C HBV.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery II, Yamaguchi University School of Medicine, 1-1-1 Minami-Kogushi, Ube, Yamaguchi 755-8505, Japan.
authors.forename: Norio
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Iizuka
authors.forename: Ryouichi
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tsunedomi
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tamesa
authors.forename: Toshimasa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Kazuhiko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Sakamoto
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Hamaguchi
authors.forename: Hisafumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamada-Okabe
authors.forename: Takanobu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miyamoto
authors.forename: Shunji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Uchimura
authors.forename: Yoshihiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hamamoto
authors.forename: Masaaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Oka
mesh_terms: D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology*; D015536:Down-Regulation; D016259:Genes, myc; D005838:Genotype; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000821:virology*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction