title: Augmentation of revascularization and prevention of plasma leakage by angiopoietin-1 and vascular endothelial growth factor co-transfection in rats with experimental limb ischaemia.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Angiopoietin-I (Ang I) and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) are endothelial cell-specific growth factors. In the current study, we tested the hypothesis that co-expression of AngI and VEGF could have an effect on development of leakage-resistant vessels.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Expression plasmids, pcD2 (control plasmid), pcD2/AngI, pcD2NEGF121, or pcD2/AngI +pcD2NEGF121, were injected intramuscularly into an ischaemic hindlimb rat model, followed by electroporation. Collateral vessel development and skeletal muscle atrophy were assessed before and 7, 14, 28 days after treatment. Capillary density was significantly increased in the rats transfected with AngI or VEGF compared with that in the rats transfected with pcD2 alone (P < 0.05). Rats transfected with AngI + VEGF had the highest capillary density (P < 0.05). The mean perimeter ratio of ligated hindlimb to non-ligated hindlimb was lower with pcD2 treatment rats compared with that in the rats transfected with AngI, VEGF or AngI +VEGF (P < 0.01). Limb necrosis was observed in two of 33 control rats, but none in the AngI and/orVEGF gene-transferred rats. The amount of extravasated Evans blue in rat ligated hindlimb muscle (7 days after treatment) treated with both AngI and VEGF was significantly less compared with that in the rats transfected with VEGF alone (P < 0.01).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The current study demonstrated that co-expression of AngI and VEGF genes in the ischaemic muscle effectively develops leakage-resistant vessels in the rat model. Therefore, this approach may provide a more appropriate therapeutic strategy in ischaemic vascular diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Peking University First Hospital, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Jie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Ning
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jiangl
authors.forename: Wei
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Jianjian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Yanhong
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Guo
authors.forename: Dong
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Guanghui
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Tang
mesh_terms: D042683:Angiopoietin-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D002199:Capillary Permeability / Q000502:physiology; D003097:Collateral Circulation; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D018274:Electroporation; D015870:Gene Expression; D015316:Genetic Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006614:Hindlimb / Q000098:blood supply; D007511:Ischemia / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000098:blood supply / Q000473:pathology; D009133:Muscular Atrophy / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D009336:Necrosis; D018919:Neovascularization, Physiologic; D010949:Plasma; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D014162:Transfection; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D042683:Angiopoietin-1; D042461:Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor A