title: Point-of-care antithrombotic monitoring in children.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The use of oral anticoagulant therapy is increasing in children. Managing anticoagulant therapy in children presents unique challenges, including poor venous access. The advent of point-of-care (POC) monitoring of anticoagulant therapy offers a potential solution to this challenge. This paper reviews the published literature relating to POC monitoring of oral anticoagulant therapy in children.
  
  
  METHODS
  A Medline search was conducted and identified key publications. Papers were reviewed with respect to their objectives, populations and POC device investigated. Study limitations were identified.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five publications and one abstract were identified, reporting studies using five different POC monitors. Three studies had a strong clinical management focus. Outcome measures assessed included target therapeutic range achievement and frequency of adverse events. Correlation between POC and laboratory-based results ranged from 0.83 to 0.96. Home monitoring and self-management using POC monitors were both reported to be preferred compared to standard laboratory testing.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  POC monitoring of oral anticoagulant therapy in children offers considerable advantages. The reviewed literature would suggest such monitoring can be performed accurately and reliably. The impact of quality control issues, such as calibration of thromboplastin ISI in POC devices, has not been explored in a paediatric population. Further studies are needed to clarify such issues and confirm the safety, reliability and efficacy of POC monitoring of oral anticoagulant therapy in children, including its home monitoring and self-management programs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical Haematology, Royal Children's Hospital, Melbourne, Flemington Rd., Parkville 3052, Australia. fiona.newall@wch.org.au
authors.forename: Fiona
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Newall
authors.forename: Mary
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bauman
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016903:Drug Monitoring / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000097:blood* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006699:Home Care Services; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D019095:Point-of-Care Systems; D012648:Self Care; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents