title: Corticotropin releasing factor in urine--a possible biochemical marker of fibromyalgia. Responses to massage and guided relaxation.
abstract: The purpose of this preliminary study was to evaluate the relationship between a possible biochemical marker of stress, 24-h urinary concentrations of Corticotropin Releasing Factor-Like Immunoreactivity (CRF-LI), and ratings of stress-related symptoms like depression and anxiety, as well as to evaluate pain and emotional reactions in patients with fibromyalgia (FM). Another purpose was to study the effects of massage and guided relaxation, with respect to change in the same variables. Urine sampling and ratings were performed before treatments, after and 1 month after completed treatments. Concentrations of CRF-LI was analysed with radioimmnoassay technique. For the assessment of depression, anxiety and pain the CPRS-A questionnaire was used and for rated pain and emotional reactions the NHP questionnaire was used. The 24-h urinary concentration of the CRF-LI was found to be related to depression, mood and inability to take initiative. After treatment the urinary CRF-LI concentrations and the rated levels of pain and emotional reactions were found to have decreased. In conclusion, the 24-h urinary CRF-LI concentration may be used as a biochemical marker of stress-related symptoms such as depression in patients with FM and possibly also other conditions characterized by chronic pain. Therapies such as massage and guided relaxation may be tried for the amelioration of pain and stress but further studies are required.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, von Eulers väg 4-8, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77 Stockholm, Sweden. Irene.Lund@ki.se
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Lund
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Lundeberg
authors.forename: Joakim
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carleson
authors.forename: Helene
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sönnerfors
authors.forename: Björn
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Uhrlin
authors.forename: Elisabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Svensson
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000652:urine; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone / Q000652:urine*; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D004644:Emotions; D005260:Female; D005356:Fibromyalgia / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D006801:Humans; D008405:Massage; D008875:Middle Aged; D010146:Pain / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology; D011863:Radioimmunoassay; D012063:Relaxation; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D003346:Corticotropin-Releasing Hormone