title: The forearm complex: anatomy, biomechanics and clinical considerations.
abstract: The forearm complex is comprised of the proximal radioulnar joint, middle radioulnar joint/interosseous membrane, and the distal radioulnar joint. These three areas function in a coordinated manner to rotate the hand in space and allow performance of functional tasks. If a structure or structures in one of these three areas is disrupted, this can adversely affect the function at any of the other two remaining areas. Surgical intervention focuses on restoring anatomical alignment to preserve the function of the forearm complex. Rehabilitation is guided by the relationships between the three areas of the forearm complex and the awareness of clinical signs, symptoms, and complications. The purposes of this paper are to 1) describe the anatomy and biomechanical function of the forearm complex and 2) discuss clinical correlates pertaining to select forearm injuries (excluding peripheral nerve injuries) that may affect forearm function.
authors.affiliation: University of Utah, Division of Physical Therapy, Department of Orthopedics and Exercise and Sport Sciences, Salt Lake City, Utah 84108, USA. paul.lastayo@health.utah.edu
authors.forename: Paul C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: LaStayo
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Lee
mesh_terms: D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D005542:Forearm / Q000033:anatomy & histology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005543:Forearm Injuries / Q000628:therapy*; D006801:Humans; D007592:Joint Diseases / Q000628:therapy; D004204:Joint Dislocations / Q000628:therapy*; D011885:Radius Fractures / Q000628:therapy*; D013165:Splints; D014458:Ulna Fractures / Q000628:therapy*