title: Predictors of healthcare outcomes and costs related to medication use in patients with acne in the United States.
abstract: This study investigated the relationship among health status, costs linked with the treatment of acne in the United States, and other aspects related to medication use. The US Medical Expenditure Panel Survey (MEPS) database was analyzed for a cohort of people with acne. This cross-sectional study obtained costs, demographics, healthcare service utilization, and clinical patient variables from the MEPS database. The EuroQol Group's EQ-5D scores available in MEPS were used for health status information. Multivariate weighted analysis was performed for data for approximately 5 million patients (weighted sample size). Nearly 70% of the patients used some type of medication for acne. Acne-related medication accounted for approximately 36% of the total acne-related annual healthcare costs, with an average of 2 annual acne prescription refills per patient. Increased number of refills of acne-related medications was associated with an improvement in health status (P<.05). Increased physician office-based visits were the only predictors of higher acne-related annual healthcare costs (P<.01). Adherence to acne medications is an important component of better health status. Pharmacologic treatment of acne does not significantly add to acne-related annual healthcare costs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy Practice and Administration, Ohio State University College of Pharmacy, Columbus 43210, USA. balkrishnan.1@osu.edu
authors.forename: Rajesh
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Balkrishnan
authors.forename: Amit S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Kulkarni
authors.forename: Kimberly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Cayce
authors.forename: Steven R
authors.initials: SR
authors.lastname: Feldman
mesh_terms: D000152:Acne Vulgaris / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000191:economics* / Q000453:epidemiology; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002648:Child; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D011307:Drug Prescriptions; D004363:Drug Utilization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D005260:Female; D017048:Health Care Costs; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D017063:Outcome Assessment, Health Care; D012176:Retinoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014481:United States / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D012176:Retinoids