title: Effects of cold storage on the function and morphology of isolated urinary bladder in rat.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We investigated the effects of 24- and 48-hr storage at 4 degrees C in Krebs solution on the function and morphology of isolated, rat urinary bladders.
  
  
  METHODS
  Strips of bladder were obtained from eight male Sprague-Dawley rats. Six strips were harvested from each bladder and randomized to storage for 24 or 48 hr at 4 degrees C in Krebs solution or examination immediately after harvest. Contractile responses of the strips to potassium chloride (KCl), electric field stimulation (EFS), adenosine 5'-triphosphate (ATP) and carbamylcholine (CCh) were assessed. Histological examination of the bladder strips was performed. The pO(2), pCO(2), and pH of the solution in each storage container were measured at each storage time point.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cold storage induced a significant decrease in the amplitude of contraction in response to KCl and EFS after 24 or 48 hr of storage compared with control. The response of the bladder strips to ATP and CCh was significantly reduced after 48-hr storage compared with control, but not 24-hr storage. The pO(2) and pCO(2) decreased after cold storage. The pH increased after 24 hr of storage and remained stable between 24 and 48 hr of storage. Histological evaluation of the strips showed tissue swelling after 24 and 48 hr of storage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results suggest that the morphology and function of bladder strips stored for 24 to 48 hr at 4 degrees C in Krebs solution undergo significant changes. Further studies are needed to assess the allowable time for storage of bladder tissue.
authors.affiliation: Glickman Urological Institute and Lerner Research Institute, The Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, Ohio 44195, USA.
authors.forename: Guiming
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Firouz
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Daneshgari
mesh_terms: D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002217:Carbachol / Q000494:pharmacology; D002245:Carbon Dioxide / Q000378:metabolism; D018679:Cholinergic Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D015925:Cryopreservation; D004487:Edema; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D010100:Oxygen / Q000378:metabolism; D011189:Potassium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D001743:Urinary Bladder / Q000166:cytology* / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D018679:Cholinergic Agonists; D007552:Isotonic Solutions; C051865:Krebs-Ringer solution; D002245:Carbon Dioxide; D011189:Potassium Chloride; D000255:Adenosine Triphosphate; D002217:Carbachol; D010100:Oxygen