title: Contribution of CARD15 variants in determining susceptibility to Crohn's disease in Sweden.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Crohn's disease (CD) is a chronic inflammatory bowel disorder caused by environmental and genetic factors. Mutations in the CARD15 gene have been associated with CD. No previous case-control CARD15 study has been performed in the Swedish population.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study comprised of 321 individuals: 178 with CD and 143 healthy controls (HCs), all from Stockholm County. All were genotyped for the three main CD-associated CARD15 variants (R702W, G908R and 1007fs) and phenotypic associations were investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The allele frequencies of the R702W variant (4.5% CD versus 0.7% HC, p=0.008, OR = 6.8) and the G908R variant (2.0% CD versus 0% HC, p=0.045) were more common in CD patients than in controls. No significant difference in1007fs variant allele frequency was found between CD patients and controls (2.0% CD versus 1.7% HC, p = 0.8, OR = 1.1). Carriage of CARD15 variants was more common in the CD patients than in controls (15.2% CD versus 4.2% HC, p = 0.001, OR = 4.1, population attributable risk (PAR) = 11.4%). Genotype-phenotype analysis demonstrated that CARD15 variants were associated with ileal disease (p=0.0006, OR = 9.3, CI = 2.2-34) and protective for colonic CD (p = 0.01, OR = 0.18). An association between CARD15 variants and ileal CD (p=0.004, OR = 6.6) was confirmed by multivariate analyses.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The CARD15 variants R702W and G908R, but not 1007fs, are associated with susceptibility to CD in Stockholm County. Genotype-phenotype analysis shows an association with ileal CD. The contribution of these CARD15 mutations in Swedish CD patients overall is low in relation to studies elsewhere in Central Europe and North America, but is consistent with emerging data from elsewhere in Scandinavia and in Northern Europe.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical and Surgical Gastroenterology, Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden. leif.torkvist@ki.se
authors.forename: Leif
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Törkvist
authors.forename: Colin L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Noble
authors.forename: Mikael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Lördal
authors.forename: Urban
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Sjöqvist
authors.forename: Ulrik
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Lindforss
authors.forename: Elaine R
authors.initials: ER
authors.lastname: Nimmo
authors.forename: Richard K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Löfberg
authors.forename: Jack
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Satsangi
mesh_terms: D000483:Alleles; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D014644:Genetic Variation; D006801:Humans; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009154:Mutation; D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein; D013548:Sweden / Q000453:epidemiology; D044465:White People
chemical_list: D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C429018:NOD2 protein, human; D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein