title: Cognitive deterioration associated with an expedition in an extreme desert environment.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Prolonged exposure to extreme environments may result in cognitive changes that may influence decision making ability and increasing risk of injury or death.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To measure the cognitive performance of a healthy man as he completed a 17 day desert expedition.
  
  
  METHODS
  A computer based cognitive test battery, subjective cognitive rating scale, and measures of physical characteristics were used. Objective cognitive performance was compared with the performance of eight age matched men who remained in their own homes.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The speed of psychomotor, attentional, and executive functions decreased as the expedition progressed, but the accuracy of performance remained unaffected. Although some impairments were large, they resolved completely once the expedition was completed. Subjective ratings indicated that the subject had insight into his failing cognitive performance during the expedition.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cognitive performance can be measured repeatedly throughout an expedition in an extreme environment. Cognitive impairment may occur.
authors.affiliation: CogState Ltd, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia. pmaruff@cogstate.com
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Maruff
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Snyder
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: McStephen
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Collie
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Darby
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000209:etiology*; D003657:Decision Making / Q000502:physiology*; D003889:Desert Climate / Q000009:adverse effects*; D005101:Expeditions; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests