Associations between hypertriglyceridemia, dietary fat intake, oxidative stress, and endothelial activation in men.
OBJECTIVE
We examined the associations between intake of different types of dietary fat and plasma levels of oxidative stress and endothelial activation markers in men.


METHODS
For that purpose, a complete physical and metabolic profile was assessed. Dietary habits of subjects were determined with a 3-d food record. We also measured fasting plasma 8-iso-prostaglandin F2alpha and oxidized low-density lipoprotein concentrations and soluble forms of vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (sVCAM-1), intercellular adhesion molecule-1 (sICAM-1), and E-selectin. All these measurements were performed with commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kits and standards.


RESULTS
We found that a high total dietary fat intake was associated with high plasma sICAM-1 (r = 0.40, P < 0.005), sVCAM-1 (r = 0.31, P < 0.05), and E-selectin (r = 0.28, P < 0.05) levels. We also found that in men matched for plasma triacylglycerol levels, those consuming a diet rich in total fat (>105 g/d, n = 21) were characterized by higher circulating levels of sICAM-1 (P < 0.05) and E-selectin (P < 0.05) compared with triacylglycerol-matched individuals with a low total dietary fat intake (<105 g/d, n = 21). However, no significant difference was noted in plasma oxidized low-density lipoprotein levels between groups. Further, we conducted multivariate analyses and found that saturated fatty acid intake was the only dietary variable after inclusion of other dietary variables that contributed to circulating sICAM-1 (P < 0.05) and sVCAM-1 (P < 0.05).


CONCLUSIONS
Our study suggests that high dietary fat consumption is associated with endothelial activation in men and that this detrimental effect is likely attributable to the saturated fatty acid content of the diet.
Couillard
Charles
C
Institute of Nutraceuticals and Functional Foods, Laval University, Sainte-Foy, Québec, Canada. charles.couillard@inaf.ulaval.ca
Pomerleau
Sonia
S
Ruel
Guillaume
G
Archer
W Roodly
WR
Bergeron
Jean
J
Couture
Patrick
P
Lamarche
Benoît
B
Bergeron
Nathalie
N
D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D004032:Diet; D015930:Diet Records; D004041:Dietary Fats / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000097:blood; D019040:E-Selectin / Q000097:blood; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000378:metabolism*; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D006801:Humans; D015228:Hypertriglyceridemia / Q000097:blood* / Q000209:etiology; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications; D018384:Oxidative Stress; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1 / Q000097:blood
D015415:Biomarkers; D004041:Dietary Fats; D019040:E-Selectin; D008077:Lipoproteins, LDL; D019010:Vascular Cell Adhesion Molecule-1; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; C075750:8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha; D015237:Dinoprost