title: Bacillus Calmette-Guerin, Mycobacterium bovis, as an immunomodulator in atopic diseases.
abstract: Based on the hygiene hypothesis association between atopy and bacillus Calmette-Guerin (BCG), purified protein derivative skin test reaction, mycobacterial disease, and environmental mycobacteria are summarized. The role of mycobacterial species in the activation of the innate immune response through Toll-like receptors is mentioned. The implications and perspectives of BCG as a potential therapeutic adjuvant in atopic disease are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pediatric Allergy and Immunology, Marmara University Hospital, 81190 Uskudar, Istanbul, Turkey. isilbarlan@marmara.edu.tr
authors.forename: Isil
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Barlan
authors.forename: Nerin N
authors.initials: NN
authors.lastname: Bahceciler
authors.forename: Mübeccel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Akdis
authors.forename: Cezmi A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Akdis
mesh_terms: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D000293:Adolescent; D000818:Animals; D001500:BCG Vaccine / Q000276:immunology*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D007155:Immunologic Factors / Q000276:immunology*; D051379:Mice; D009163:Mycobacterium bovis / Q000276:immunology*; D014373:Tuberculin / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: D000276:Adjuvants, Immunologic; D001500:BCG Vaccine; D007155:Immunologic Factors; D014373:Tuberculin