title: Improved fatigue in individuals with multiple sclerosis after participating in a short-term self-care programme.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Fatigue is among the most common, yet least understood symptoms of Multiple Sclerosis (MS). The debilitating symptoms of MS can have adverse effects on the sufferer's self-esteem. We report the effect of a short-term self-managed graded exercise programme on fatigue and self-esteem of patients with MS.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-four (age range: 20-50, mean: 29.7 years; M:F 0.7:1.0) patients with MS who lived in Tehran and were not physically disabled entered the study. Self-esteem score was measured with the Persian translation of the Coopersmith Self-Esteem Inventory. Fatigue was evaluated with a visual analogue scale. The patients performed the self-managed techniques for 6 weeks. Self-esteem and fatigue were evaluated once more after the self-managed graded exercise programme.
  
  
  RESULTS
  On paired sample test, the self-esteem score of the patients was significantly different before (53.9) and after (68.1) the self-managed graded exercise programme (P<0.0001). The score of fatigue was also significantly different before (4.59) and after (5.76) the intervention (P<0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study can provide us with important insights into our understanding of the potential for developing self-care training as an alternative in rehabilitation of the patients with MS. Self-managed graded exercise programme may be considered as an alternative to direct nursing services for patients with MS.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nursing, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modarres University, and Centre for Research Development, Imam Hospital, Tehran, Iran.
authors.forename: Hassan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Navipour
authors.forename: Hossein
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Madani
authors.forename: Mohammad R
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Mohebbi
authors.forename: Reza
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Navipour
authors.forename: Parviz
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Roozbayani
authors.forename: Afshin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Paydar
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015444:Exercise; D005221:Fatigue / Q000209:etiology / Q000523:psychology / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009103:Multiple Sclerosis / Q000523:psychology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D011581:Psychological Tests; D012648:Self Care; D012649:Self Concept; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D016896:Treatment Outcome