[Association of human histocompatibility antigens with ophthalmological disorders].
Many studies have been trying to identify genetic markers for ophthalmological diseases, including, among others, the HLA (Human Leukocyte Antigens). Localized on the short arm of chromosome 6, the human leukocyte antigen system is well known for its capacity to confer susceptibility or resistance to different diseases. In view of its accentuated polymorphism, the strength and type of association differs with the disease and sometimes, with the studied ethnic-racial group. The development of molecular methods to typify HLA alleles and recent updates of their nomenclature has contributed to a better understanding of this system. In this review, some aspects of the human leukocyte antigen system are discussed, such as the methods of detection, nomenclature and association with acute anterior uveitis, ocular cicatricial pemphigoid, young-onset keratoconus and birdshot retinochoroidopathy.
Alves
Crésio
C
Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, BA, Brazil. cresio.alves@uol.com.br
Meyer
Isadora
I
Toralles
Maria Betânia Pereira
MB
Marback
Roberto Lorens
RL
D000483:Alleles; D005128:Eye Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D006680:HLA Antigens / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II; D006801:Humans; D012164:Retinal Diseases / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D015866:Uveitis, Posterior / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology
D006680:HLA Antigens; D015395:Histocompatibility Antigens Class I; D000949:Histocompatibility Antigens Class II