title: Association between transferrin receptor-ferritin index and conventional measures of iron responsiveness in hemodialysis patients.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The diagnostic power of the transferrin receptor-ferritin (TfR-F) index for identification of iron responsiveness in long-term hemodialysis (HD) patients compared with the routine markers recommended by the current US and European guidelines was appraised.
  
  
  METHODS
  Initially, 121 long-term HD patients with a serum ferritin level less than 800 microg/L and on recombinant erythropoietin (rHuEPO) therapy for longer than 6 months were enrolled for intravenous iron (IVFE) supplementation (100 mg of iron polymaltose 3 times/wk for 4 weeks, then 100 mg every 2 weeks for 5 months). Routine iron tests (ie, serum ferritin and transferrin saturation [TSAT]), TfR-F index calculated by the ratio of soluble TfR to log ferritin level, hematocrit, hemoglobin, red blood cell count, and serum high-sensitive C-reactive protein were examined at baseline. Hematocrit and hemoglobin were followed up every 2 weeks during the study period.
  
  
  RESULTS
  One hundred patients (52 men, 48 women; mean age, 59 years) completed this study. Fifty-two patients were IVFE responders, defined as an increase in hematocrit greater than 3% and/or a decrease in rHuEPO dose greater than 30% of baseline values at the end of the study, and 48 nonresponders did not fulfill these criteria. Of 52 responders, only 14 patients (27%) could be recognized for iron deficiency by means of routine iron tests (ferritin < 100 microg/L and/or TSAT < 20%). Thirty-three responders (63%) could be further identified for iron deficiency by using TfR-F index (> 0.6), but 5 (10%) still could not by either method. Analyses by using receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curves showed that a cutoff value greater than 0.6 for TfR-F index had greater sensitivity (90%) for the detection of iron deficiency than ferritin level less than 100 microg/L (29%) and TSAT less than 20% (6%). TfR-F index showed a greater area under the ROC curve than ferritin level (P < 0.05) and TSAT (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  TfR-F index is superior to routine tests for predicting response to IVFE supplementation in long-term HD patients. Our study indicates that TfR-F index is a new and surrogate marker to estimate body iron stores and guide IVFE therapy for long-term HD patients.
authors.affiliation: Institutes of Physiology and Clinical Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, National Yang-Ming University School of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Yen-Cheng
authors.initials: YC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Szu-Chun
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Hung
authors.forename: Der-Cherng
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Tarng
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D018798:Anemia, Iron-Deficiency / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000209:etiology; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D001706:Biopsy; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000473:pathology; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D003955:Diagnostic Tests, Routine / Q000379:methods / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D004921:Erythropoietin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005293:Ferritins / Q000097:blood*; D006400:Hematocrit; D006454:Hemoglobins / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007275:Injections, Intravenous; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin / Q000097:blood*; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000379:methods*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D006454:Hemoglobins; D011990:Receptors, Transferrin; D004921:Erythropoietin; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D005293:Ferritins