title: Assesment of trace elements and organic pollutants from a marine oil complex into the coral reef system of Cayo Arcas, Mexico.
abstract: Possible contaminants produced by the Petroleos Mexicanos (PEMEX) marine oil complex in the vicinity of the Cayo Arcas (Mexico) coral reef ecosystem were evaluated by analyzing sediments and sea water for hydrocarbons and metal elements. We found that the concentrations of aliphatic hydrocarbons in the sea water were generally low, with the highest values detected near the oil station; the concentration of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) was generally below the detection limit. The hydrocarbons found in the sediments seem to have a pyrogenic origin, and were probably produced by marine traffic in the study area. The total PAH concentration did not exceed the NOAA criteria, although levels of some individual PAHs did. The only metal detected in the sea water at high concentrations was nickel. The Ni/V ratio in the sediments indicates the contribution of crude oil to the system. The high content of Ni and Zn was attributed to the ballast waters from the oil tankers that load at the station's monobuoys. The presence of fine sediments that commonly originate from terrestrial ecosystems supported this assumption.
authors.affiliation: Instituto de Geografía, Univerisad Nacional Autonoma de México, Mexico. silre@servidor.unam.mx
authors.forename: Silke
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Cram
authors.forename: Claudia A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Ponce De León
authors.forename: Pilar
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fernández
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sommer
authors.forename: Hilda
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Rivas
authors.forename: Luis Miguel
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Morales
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D037421:Anthozoa / Q000737:chemistry*; D017753:Ecosystem; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D019015:Geologic Sediments / Q000737:chemistry; D008800:Mexico; D009532:Nickel / Q000032:analysis; D010578:Petroleum; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons / Q000032:analysis*; D012623:Seawater / Q000032:analysis; D014131:Trace Elements / Q000032:analysis*; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D015032:Zinc / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D010578:Petroleum; D011084:Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons; D014131:Trace Elements; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D009532:Nickel; D015032:Zinc