Biodegradation of a variety of bisphenols under aerobic and anaerobic conditions.
There is a group of compounds structurally similar to bisphenol-A (BPA), namely bisphenols (BPs), and some of them are considered to be able to partially replace BPA. In order to assess their biodegradability in the aquatic environment, a variety of BPs; BPA, bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)methane (BPF), bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethane (BPE), 2,2-bis(4-hydroxy-phenyl)butane (BPB), 2,2-bis(4- hydroxy-3-methylphenyl)propane (BPP), bis(4-hydroxyphenyl)sulfone (BPS), thiodiphenol (TDP) and 4,4'-dihydroxybenzophenone (HBP); were subjected to biodegradation tests under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. For the aerobic degradation test, a kind of river-die-away method using several river water samples was used, while pond sediments were used for the anaerobic degradation tests in sealed anoxic bottles. As a whole, the examined BPs could be ranked by their biodegradability under aerobic conditions; BPF, HBP > > BPA > BPP > BPE > BPB > TDP > > BPS. On the other hand, the tendency for the anaerobic biodegradability was; BPF > HBP > BPS, BPA, TDP > BPE > BPB. From the viewpoint of biodegradability, BPF seems to be more environmentally-friendly than BPA and, therefore, may be a candidate to replace BPA for reducing the environmental risks.
Ike
M
M
Department of Environmental Engineering, Osaka University, 2-1, Yamada-Oka, Suita, Osaka 565-0871, Japan. ike@env.eng.osaka-u.ac.jp
Chen
M Y
MY
Danzl
E
E
Sei
K
K
Fujita
M
M
D001420:Bacteria, Aerobic / Q000378:metabolism*; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000378:metabolism*; D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D008956:Models, Chemical; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry*; D045483:Rivers / Q000737:chemistry; D013997:Time Factors; D014871:Water Microbiology; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; D018508:Water Purification / Q000379:methods*; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds
D001559:Benzhydryl Compounds; D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D010636:Phenols; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C006780:bisphenol A; D000098826:Bisphenol A Compounds