title: Increased cardiovascular risk markers in obesity are associated with body adiposity: role of leptin.
abstract: Epidemiological studies have shown that obesity is associated with increased blood concentrations of proinflammatory factors and markers of endothelial dysfunction such as fibrinogen, C-reactive protein (CRP), and von Willebrand factor (vWF). We analyzed the association of these markers with percentage of body fat (BF), and the influence of leptin in a cross-sectional study of 1,089 subjects (366 men) aged 44 (34-53) [median (interquartile range)] years, who were classified as obese or nonobese according to BF estimated by whole-body air displacement plethysmography. Obesity was defined as BF >or= 25% in men and >or= 35% in women. Compared with non-obese subjects (mean +/- SD), obese patients had higher concentrations of fibrinogen (312 +/- 78 vs. 342 +/- 81 mg/dl, P < 0.001), CRP (0.41 +/- 0.75 vs. 0.75 +/- 1.04 mg/l, P = 0.014), vWF (107 +/- 29 vs. 123 +/- 55%, P < 0.001), and leptin (10.4 +/- 6.5 vs. 37.5 +/- 26.1 ng/ml, P < 0.0001). A positive correlation was observed between BF and fibrinogen (r = 0.266; P < 0.0001), logCRP (r = 0.409; P < 0.0001), and vWF (r = 206; P < 0.0001). Leptin was correlated with fibrinogen (r = 0.219, P < 0.0001), logCRP (r = 0., P < 0.0001), and vWF (r = 0.124, P = 0.002), but the statistical significance was lost after including BF in adjusted-correlation and multivariate analysis, suggesting that they are not regulated by leptin per se. In conclusion, the obesity-associated increase in the circulating concentrations of fibrinogen, CRP, and vWF is highly associated to BF and apparently not determined by leptin.
authors.affiliation: Metabolic Research Laboratory, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gómez-Ambrosi
authors.forename: Javier
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Salvador
authors.forename: Camilo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Silva
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Pastor
authors.forename: Fernando
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Rotellar
authors.forename: María J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Gil
authors.forename: Javier A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Cienfuegos
authors.forename: Gema
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Frühbeck
mesh_terms: D050154:Adiposity; D000328:Adult; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D002318:Cardiovascular Diseases / Q000097:blood / Q000209:etiology / Q000378:metabolism*; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007333:Insulin Resistance; D020738:Leptin / Q000097:blood*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000097:blood / Q000150:complications / Q000378:metabolism*; D012307:Risk Factors; D012737:Sex Factors; D014841:von Willebrand Factor / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D020738:Leptin; D014841:von Willebrand Factor; D005340:Fibrinogen; D002097:C-Reactive Protein