title: [Remodeling of the nasal lobule using cartilaginous grafts on tip projection].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Nasal tip projetion and definition are essential parameters which should be considered in the preoperative rhinoplasty plan. Jonhson and Toriumi have defined a technique of rhinoplasty to restructure the lobule using columellar strut and tip grafts. The aim of this study was to define the influence of this procedure on nasal tip projection, using the Goode method (objective measurement of the tip projection).
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty patients underwent primary rhinoplasty, by open approach, with remodeling of the lobule using cartilagenous grafts, according to Jonhson and Torium technique. Goode ratio was calculated to assess tip projection preoperatively and postoperatively, based on photographic analysis. Moreover, postoperatively, all patients were clinically evaluated at 2, 4 and 6 months, and based on photographs of face at 2 and 6 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Five hypoprojected preoperative nasal tips (Goode ratio (GR): 0,45 to 0,51) had a normal nasal tip projection postoperatively (GR: 0,55 to 0,59). Among the eight normal projected preoperative nasal tips (GR: 0,56 to 0,60), six had a normal postoperative nasal tip projection while two showed a hyperprojection (GR: 0,62 and 0,63). Among the 27 hyperprojected preoperative nasal tips (GR: 0,62 to 0,75), 17 showed a normal projection of the nasal tip postoperatively while 10 remained hyperprojected despite a decreased Goode ratio.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Restructuration of the lobule, using cartilagenous grafts, is a reliable and reproducible technique allowing satisfying aesthetic results and objective measurements of the changes in nasal tip projection using the Goode method.
authors.affiliation: Fédération d'Otorhinolaryngology, Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, 265 rue St Pierre, Hôpital de la Timone, 13005 Marseille France. sduflo@yahoo.com
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Duflo
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Paris
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Giovanni
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zanaret
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002356:Cartilage / Q000637:transplantation*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009666:Nose / Q000601:surgery*; D012225:Rhinoplasty / Q000379:methods*