title: A 26-week, randomized, parallel, treat-to-target trial comparing insulin detemir with NPH insulin as add-on therapy to oral glucose-lowering drugs in insulin-naive people with type 2 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess efficacy and tolerability of insulin detemir or NPH insulin added to oral therapy for type 2 diabetes in a treat-to-target titration protocol.
  
  
  METHODS
  Individuals (n = 476) with HbA(1c) (A1C) 7.5-10.0% were randomized to addition of twice-daily insulin detemir or NPH insulin in a parallel-group, multicenter trial. Over 24 weeks, insulin doses were titrated toward prebreakfast and predinner plasma glucose targets of < or =6.0 mmol/l (< or =108 mg/dl). Outcomes assessed included A1C, percentage achieving A1C < or =7.0%, risk of hypoglycemia, and body weight.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 24 weeks, A1C had decreased by 1.8 and 1.9% (from 8.6 to 6.8 and from 8.5 to 6.6%) for detemir and NPH, respectively (NS). In both groups, 70% of participants achieved an A1C </= 7.0%; [corrected] there was a trend towards [corrected] the proportion achieving this without hypoglycemia being [corrected] higher with insulin detemir than with NPH insulin (34% [corrected] vs. 25[corrected]%, P = 0.052[corrected]). Compared with NPH insulin, the risk for all hypoglycemia with insulin detemir was reduced by 47% (P < 0.001) and nocturnal hypoglycemia by 55% (P < 0.001). Mean weight gain was 1.2 kg with insulin detemir and 2.8 kg with NPH insulin (P < 0.001), and the difference in baseline-adjusted final weight was -1.58 (P < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Addition of basal insulin to oral drug therapy in people with suboptimal control of type 2 diabetes achieves guideline-recommended A1C values in most people with aggressive titration. Insulin detemir compared with NPH insulin achieves this with reduced hypoglycemia and less weight gain.
authors.affiliation: Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Aarhus Sygehus THG, Aarhus University Hospital, DK-8000 Aarhus C, Denmark. kjeld.hermansen@as.aaa.dk
authors.forename: Kjeld
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hermansen
authors.forename: Melanie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Davies
authors.forename: Taudeusz
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Derezinski
authors.forename: Gabrielle
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Martinez Ravn
authors.forename: Per
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Clauson
authors.forename: Philip
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Home
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000378:metabolism; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D003924:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 / Q000097:blood / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D007328:Insulin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000069057:Insulin Detemir; D007336:Insulin, Isophane / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting; D015430:Weight Gain
chemical_list: D001786:Blood Glucose; D006442:Glycated Hemoglobin; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D007328:Insulin; D000069057:Insulin Detemir; D007336:Insulin, Isophane; D049528:Insulin, Long-Acting