title: Factors affecting survivability of transferred whole and demi-embryos in a commercial dairy herd.
abstract: Sixty Holstein donor cows were superovulated and embryos were collected during a 6-d (27 cows) and a 4-d (33 cows) period approximately 60 d apart. Forty-three donor cows yielded embryos. Ninety-one embryos graded 1 or 2 were split and transferred to 181 recipient Holsteins. Demi-embryos were graded 2, 2-, 3 and 3- prior to transfer. Pregnancy and calving percentages were similar for all demi-embryo grades, averaging 59 and 53% from the two donor groups, respectively. Twin demi-embryo pregnancies averaged 36 and 19% for embryos split at the compacted morula and blastocyst stages, respectively. Twin demi-embryo calvings averaged 30 and 15% for these same groups. Progesterone levels of recipients (of either whole or demi-embryos) of second period donors were measured. Pregnancy rate increased generally with level of progesterone; however, calving percentage was slightly greater for recipients with intermediate levels of progesterone (2-6 ng/ml). Multiparous cow (20) recipients of demi-embryos had 45% pregnancy and 40% calving, while nulliparous heifer (161) recipients averaged 59 and 53% pregnancy and calving, respectively.
authors.affiliation: Animal, Dairy and Veterinary Sciences Department Utah State University Logan, UT 84322-4815 USA.
authors.forename: C W
authors.initials: CW
authors.lastname: Arave
authors.forename: T D
authors.initials: TD
authors.lastname: Bunch
authors.forename: C H
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Mickelsen
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Warnick