title: Efficacy and tolerability of celecoxib compared with diclofenac slow release in the treatment of acute ankle sprain in an Asian population.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 selective inhibitors are attractive candidates for treatment of ankle sprain because of their efficacy as anti-inflammatory and analgesic agents and their overall safety, including lack of effect on platelet aggregation. The objective of this study was to assess the efficacy and tolerability of celecoxib compared with diclofenac slow release (SR) in the treatment of acute ankle sprain in an Asian population.
  
  
  METHODS
  In this seven-day, multicentre, double-blind, randomised, parallel-group trial, 370 patients with first- or second-degree ankle sprain occurring at or less than 48 hours prior to the first dose of study medication were randomised to receive celecoxib 200 mg bid (189 patients) after a 400 mg loading dose or diclofenac SR 75 mg bid (181 patients). Patients were required to demonstrate moderate to severe ankle pain on weight bearing (45 mm or greater on a 100 mm visual analogue scale [VAS]) at baseline. The primary efficacy end point was the patient's assessment of ankle pain (VAS on full weight bearing) on day 4.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Celecoxib was as effective as diclofenac SR in improving the signs and symptoms of ankle sprain. At day 4, mean VAS scores for celecoxib and diclofenac SR had decreased to 28 mm and 30 mm, respectively. Treatment differences were not statistically significant. Incidence of upper gastrointestinal adverse events was low in both treatment groups (0.5 percent versus 2.2 percent for celecoxib and diclofenac SR, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Celecoxib, a COX-2 selective inhibitor, is as effective as diclofenac SR in treating ankle sprains. With its platelet-sparing properties, celecoxib may offer an advantage over diclofenac SR in managing musculoskeletal injuries.
authors.affiliation: Armed Forces Hospital, Kem Terendak, Malacca 76200, Malaysia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nadarajah
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Abrahan
authors.forename: F L
authors.initials: FL
authors.lastname: Lau
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: Hwang
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fakir-Bolte
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D016512:Ankle Injuries / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001208:Asia; D001792:Blood Platelets / Q000187:drug effects; D000068579:Celecoxib; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011720:Pyrazoles / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013180:Sprains and Strains / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000503:physiopathology; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016474:Weight-Bearing / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D052246:Cyclooxygenase 2 Inhibitors; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D011720:Pyrazoles; D013449:Sulfonamides; D004008:Diclofenac; D000068579:Celecoxib