title: Effects of family presence during resuscitation and invasive procedures in a pediatric emergency department.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  No research exists evaluating family presence (FP) during resuscitation interventions (RIs) and invasive procedures (IPs) using ENA guidelines in a pediatric emergency department. The purpose of this study was to determine the effectiveness of an FP protocol in facilitating uninterrupted care and describe parents' and providers' experiences.
  
  
  METHODS
  FP was offered by a family facilitator to parents of children undergoing RIs or IPs. Data were collected during 64 FP events (28 RIs and 36 IPs). Following the event, 92 providers and 22 parents completed a survey about their experiences.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 100% of FP cases, patient care was uninterrupted. Parents were positive about FP, believed it helped their child, and reported that it eased their fears. All parents described an active role during the event, and most believed they had a right to be present. Three months later, no parents reported traumatic memories. Providers also were positive about FP and reported that the presence of parents did not negatively affect care. Although most (70%) supported FP during RIs, more nurses (92%) and physicians (78%) supported it than did residents (35%, P < .05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The findings suggest the effectiveness of a pediatric emergency department FP protocol in facilitating uninterrupted patient care. The benefits identified for parents support implementation of FP programs.
authors.affiliation: Trauma/Neurosurgical ICU, Children's Medical Center, Dallas, Texas 75235, USA. janice.mangurten@childrens.com
authors.forename: Janice
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mangurten
authors.forename: Shari H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: Cathie E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Guzzetta
authors.forename: Angela P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Clark
authors.forename: Lori
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Vinson
authors.forename: Jenny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Sperry
authors.forename: Barry
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hicks
authors.forename: Wayne
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Voelmeck
mesh_terms: D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001294:Attitude to Health; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D017598:Efficiency, Organizational; D004636:Emergency Service, Hospital / Q000458:organization & administration*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010290:Parents; D010372:Pediatrics; D011368:Professional-Family Relations; D012151:Resuscitation; D015206:Southwestern United States