title: Evolution of fetal ultrasonography.
abstract: The authors wish to highlight the evolution that has occurred in fetal ultrasound in recent years. A first significant evolution lies in the increasing contribution of first trimester ultrasound for the detection of fetal anomalies. Malformations of several organs and systems have been diagnosed during the first trimester. Furthermore the systematic measurement of the fetal neck translucency has led to increasing rate of detection of aneuploidies and heart malformations. For several years now, three-dimensional (3D) and 4D ultrasound (US) have been used as a complementary tool to 2D US for the evaluation of fetal morphology. This brings an improved morphologic assessment of the fetus. Applications of the techniques are increasing, especially for the fetal face, heart and extremities. The third field where fetal US is continuously providing important information is the knowledge of the natural history of diseases. This has brought significant improvement in the postnatal management of several diseases, especially urinary tract dilatation and broncho-pulmonary malformation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medical Imaging, Erasme Hospital, Route de Lennik 808, B-1070, Brussels, Belgium. favni@ulb.ac.be
authors.forename: F E
authors.initials: FE
authors.lastname: Avni
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Cos
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Cassart
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Massez
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Donner
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Ismaili
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hall
mesh_terms: D000013:Congenital Abnormalities / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005260:Female; D005315:Fetal Diseases / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D005333:Fetus / Q000002:abnormalities; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D011247:Pregnancy; D011261:Pregnancy Trimester, First; D016216:Ultrasonography, Prenatal / Q000379:methods / Q000639:trends