The role of the TRAIL/TRAIL receptors system in hematopoiesis and endothelial cell biology.
TRAIL is a member of the tumor necrosis factor superfamily that interacts with an unusually complex receptor system, comprising transmembrane (TRAIL-R1, -R2, -R3 and -R4) and soluble (osteoprotegerin) receptors. TRAIL has received considerable attention because of the finding that many cancer cell types are sensitive to TRAIL-induced apoptosis. However, increasing experimental evidence shows that TRAIL exhibits regulatory roles in various normal tissues, as well. Although the best-characterized biological activity of TRAIL is in the homeostatic regulation of the immune system, in this review we have summarized and discussed the physiological function of TRAIL and its receptors, in normal hematopoiesis and vascular physiopathology.
Zauli
Giorgio
G
Department of Normal Human Morphology, University of Trieste, Via Manzoni 16, 34138 Trieste, Italy. zauli@units.it
Secchiero
Paola
P
D000818:Animals; D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins / Q000502:physiology*; D004730:Endothelium, Vascular / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D004920:Erythropoiesis; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D006410:Hematopoiesis; D006801:Humans; D008533:Megakaryocytes / Q000166:cytology; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins / Q000502:physiology*; D051379:Mice; D009000:Monocytes / Q000166:cytology; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000098:blood supply / Q000276:immunology; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000502:physiology*; D014652:Vascular Diseases / Q000378:metabolism
D051017:Apoptosis Regulatory Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; D008562:Membrane Glycoproteins; D053244:Osteoprotegerin; D018160:Receptors, Cytoplasmic and Nuclear; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; D053221:TNF-Related Apoptosis-Inducing Ligand; C506030:TNFRSF11B protein, human; C505653:TNFSF10 protein, human; C506031:Tnfrsf11b protein, mouse; C505654:Tnfsf10 protein, mouse; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha