title: Steady-state kinetic mechanism of PDK1.
abstract: PDK1 catalyzes phosphorylation of Thr in the conserved activation loop region of a number of its downstream AGC kinase family members. In addition to the consensus sequence at the site of phosphorylation, a number of PDK1 substrates contain a PIF sequence (PDK1-interacting fragment), which binds and activates the kinase domain of PDK1 (PDK1(deltaPH)). To gain further insight to PIF-dependent catalysis, steady-state kinetic and inhibition studies were performed for His6-PDK1(deltaPH)-catalyzed phosphorylation of PDK1-Tide (Tide), which contains an extended "PIF" sequence C-terminal to the consensus sequence for PDK1 phosphorylation. In two-substrate kinetics, a large degree of negative binding synergism was observed to occur on formation of the active ternary complex (alphaKd(ATP) = 40 microM and alphaKd(Tide) = 80 microM) from individual transitory binary complexes (Kd(ATP) = 0.6 microM and Kd(Tide) = 1 microM). On varying ATP concentrations, the ADP product and the (T/E)-PDK1-Tide product analog (p'Tide) behaved as competitive and noncompetitive inhibitors, respectively; on varying Tide concentrations, ADP and p'Tide behaved as noncompetitive and competitive inhibitors, respectively. Also, negative binding synergism was associated with formation of dead-end inhibited ternary complexes. Time progress curves in pre-steady-state studies under "saturating" or kcat conditions showed (i) no burst or lag phenomena, (ii) no change in reaction velocity when adenosine 5'-O-(thiotriphosphate) was used as a phosphate donor, and (iii) no change in reaction velocity on increasing relative microviscosity (0 < or = eta/eta0 < or = 3). Taken together, PDK1-catalyzed trans-phosphorylation of PDK1-Tide approximates a Rapid Equilibrium Random Bi Bi system, where motions in the central ternary complex are largely rate-determining.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33124.
authors.forename: Xinxin
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, University of Miami, Coral Gables, Florida 33124; Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Miami, Miller School of Medicine, Miami, Florida 33136. Electronic address: tkharris@miami.edu.
authors.forename: Thomas K
authors.initials: TK
authors.lastname: Harris
mesh_terms: D064413:3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein Kinases; D001667:Binding, Competitive; D002384:Catalysis; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008962:Models, Theoretical; D010766:Phosphorylation; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D064413:3-Phosphoinositide-Dependent Protein Kinases; C578562:PDPK1 protein, human; D017346:Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases