title: Keratan sulfate and chondroitin/dermatan sulfate in maximally recovered hypocellular stromal interface scars of postmortem human LASIK corneas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To analyze the amounts and distributions of nonsulfated and sulfated keratan sulfate (KS) and chondroitin/dermatan sulfate (CS/DS) disaccharides in the interface wound of human postmortem LASIK corneas in comparison with normal control corneas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Corneal stromal tissue samples from central and paracentral hypocellular primitive stromal interface scars of human LASIK corneas and from similar regions of normal control corneas were collected by laser capture microdissection (LCM) and subsequently were digested with specific glycosidase enzymes. Digests were directly analyzed by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Concentrations of both monosulfated GlcNAc(6S)-beta-1,3-Gal (MSD2) and disulfated Gal (6S)-beta-1,4-GlcNAc(6S) (DSD) KS disaccharides from the LASIK interface scars were significantly lower than in normal control corneal stromas. No significant difference was found for the concentration of nonsulfated (NSD) KS disaccharides in LASIK interface scars compared with normal controls. The concentration of DeltaUA-beta-1,3-GalNAc(6S) (Deltadi-6S) CS/DS disaccharides from the LASIK interface scar was significantly higher than normal corneal stroma, whereas concentrations of DeltaUA-beta-1,3-GalNAc(4S) (Deltadi-4S) and nonsulfated Deltadi-0S CS/DS disaccharides demonstrated no significant differences from normal corneas.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The profiles of KS and CS/DS disaccharides in LASIK interface scars are significantly different from those in normal cornea stromal tissue, as revealed by LCM and ESI-MS/MS.
authors.affiliation: Division of Biology, Kansas State University, Manhattan, Kansas 66506-4901, USA. ytz@ksu.edu
authors.forename: Yuntao
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Ingo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Schmack
authors.forename: Daniel G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Dawson
authors.forename: Hans E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Grossniklaus
authors.forename: Abigail H
authors.initials: AH
authors.lastname: Conrad
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kariya
authors.forename: Kiyoshi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Suzuki
authors.forename: Henry F
authors.initials: HF
authors.lastname: Edelhauser
authors.forename: Gary W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Conrad
mesh_terms: D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates / Q000378:metabolism*; D002921:Cicatrix / Q000378:metabolism*; D003315:Cornea / Q000601:surgery; D003319:Corneal Stroma / Q000378:metabolism*; D003871:Dermatan Sulfate / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007632:Keratan Sulfate / Q000378:metabolism*; D020731:Keratomileusis, Laser In Situ; D008875:Middle Aged; D009216:Myopia / Q000601:surgery; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization
chemical_list: D003871:Dermatan Sulfate; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D007632:Keratan Sulfate