Isolation and characterization of a new simian rotavirus, YK-1.
BACKGROUND
To effectively analyze the requirements for protection to rotavirus infection, a reliable animal model that reasonably mimics infection and disease in humans is needed. A requirement for an effective animal model is the availability of appropriate rotavirus stocks for challenge.


RESULTS
A new simian rotavirus, designated YK-1, was isolated from a 2-year-old immunodeficient pigtailed macaque with chronic diarrhea. YK-1 was distinguishable by electropherotype from the other simian rotavirus strains, SA11 and RRV. One variant of YK-1, clone 311, which was isolated after adaptation and plaque purification in cell cultures, displayed an unusual RNA electropherotype with an abnormally migrating gene 11 segment. Sequence analysis demonstrated a genetic rearrangement that involved a partial duplication of the gene 11 ORF encoding NSP5. YK-1 was identified as a Group A rotavirus belonging to subgroup 1. To further characterize the YK-1 strain, the genes encoding VP4, VP7, and NSP4 were sequenced. Analysis of VP4 and VP7 gene fragments suggests that this strain is a G3P3 rotavirus and is closely related to the simian rotavirus strain RRV. Serotype analysis also identified YK-1 as a G3 rotavirus. The NSP4 genotype of YK-1 is C, the same genotype as RRV.


CONCLUSIONS
This newly isolated rotavirus, YK-1, is being used to establish a nonhuman primate model for studying the infectivity, immunity, and pathogenesis of rotavirus and for evaluating candidate rotavirus vaccines.
Westerman
Larry E
LE
Viral Gastroenteritis Team, Respiratory and Enteric Viruses Branch, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. larry@cidrz.org
Jiang
Baoming
B
McClure
Harold M
HM
Snipes-Magaldi
Lauren J
LJ
Griffin
Dixie D
DD
Shin
Gary
G
Gentsch
Jon R
JR
Glass
Roger I
RI
D000818:Animals; D000956:Antigens, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D036022:Capsid Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D005243:Feces / Q000821:virology; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D008254:Macaca nemestrina; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D008992:Monkey Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D012367:RNA, Viral; D012401:Rotavirus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D012400:Rotavirus Infections / Q000662:veterinary* / Q000821:virology; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D012703:Serotyping; D014118:Toxins, Biological / Q000235:genetics; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins / Q000235:genetics
D000956:Antigens, Viral; D036022:Capsid Proteins; D006023:Glycoproteins; C081369:NS28 protein, rotavirus; D012367:RNA, Viral; D014118:Toxins, Biological; C060339:VP4 protein, Rotavirus; C050779:VP7 protein, Rotavirus; D017361:Viral Nonstructural Proteins