title: Interleukin-1alpha stimulates non-amyloidogenic pathway by alpha-secretase (ADAM-10 and ADAM-17) cleavage of APP in human astrocytic cells involving p38 MAP kinase.
abstract: Interleukin-1alpha (IL-1alpha) stimulates a disintegrin and metalloproteinase, ADAM-17 synthesis, consistent with activation of the soluble fragment of Amyloid Precursor Protein, APP, (sAPPalpha) in human primary astrocytes. To characterize the mechanism by which IL-1alpha promotes the non-amyloidogenic pathway of APP metabolism, we used U373 MG astrocytoma cells. IL-1alpha significantly increased levels of ADAM-10 and ADAM-17 mRNA in 16 hr. Upregulation of ADAM-17 mRNA by IL-1alpha was more pronounced despite higher basal levels of ADAM-10 mRNA. This pattern was also observed at the protein level with the upregulation of alpha-secretase. RNA interference (RNAi) of ADAM-10 and ADAM-17 inhibited IL-1alpha-stimulated sAPPalpha release and the effect was more pronounced with ADAM-17 RNAi. Concomitantly, the level of sAPPalpha was significantly increased by IL-1alpha in 48 hr; however, IL-1alpha stimulated cell-associated APP levels maximally at 6 h but the induction declined at 48 hr. IL-1alpha treatment of cells for 48 h reduced both intracellular and secreted levels of amyloid-beta, Abeta-40, and Abeta-42 peptides. Multiple MAP kinases (MAPK), including MEK/ERK, p38 kinase, PI3 kinase (PI3K) but not JNK were involved in the regulation of IL-1alpha-stimulated alpha-secretase activity and sAPPalpha release. p38 MAPK seems to be the most proximal of these MAPKs, as it was the earliest to be activated by IL-1alpha and blocking this pathway attenuated activation of IL-1alpha-induced MEK and PI3K pathways. Our data show a complex mechanism of sAPPalpha regulation by IL-1alpha that involves ADAM-10, ADAM-17 and p38 MAPK upstream of MEK and PI3K.
authors.affiliation: Neurochemistry Laboratory, Department of Psychiatry and Genetics and Aging Research Unit, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Charlestown, Massachusetts 02129, USA.
authors.forename: Sanghamitra
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Bandyopadhyay
authors.forename: Dean M
authors.initials: DM
authors.lastname: Hartley
authors.forename: Catherine M
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Cahill
authors.forename: Debomay K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Lahiri
authors.forename: Naibedya
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chattopadhyay
authors.forename: Jack T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Rogers
mesh_terms: D051722:ADAM Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000072197:ADAM10 Protein; D000072198:ADAM17 Protein; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides / Q000378:metabolism; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor / Q000378:metabolism*; D001253:Astrocytes / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D007375:Interleukin-1 / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded / Q000494:pharmacology; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D013050:Spectrometry, Fluorescence / Q000379:methods; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D016229:Amyloid beta-Peptides; D016564:Amyloid beta-Protein Precursor; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007375:Interleukin-1; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012330:RNA, Double-Stranded; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D048031:JNK Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; D051722:ADAM Proteins; D000072197:ADAM10 Protein; C491236:ADAM10 protein, human; D000072198:ADAM17 Protein; C000606462:ADAM17 protein, human