title: Transient left ventricular apical ballooning: a review of the literature.
abstract: Transient left ventricular apical ballooning is a newly defined syndrome characterized by sudden onset of chest symptoms, electrocardiographic changes characteristic of myocardial ischemia, transient left ventricular dysfunction-particularly in the apical region, low-grade troponin elevation, and no significant coronary stenosis by angiogram. This syndrome is also referred to as Takotsubo cardiomyopathy, "Ampulla" cardiomyopathy, Human Stress cardiomyopathy, and Broken Heart Syndrome. Emergency physicians, family physicians, general internists, and cardiologists may all encounter this syndrome at the point of contact. The similarity to acute coronary syndrome requires all clinicians who may potentially care for these patients to familiarize themselves with this newly recognized disease. We provide a recent case and review the current literature surrounding this syndrome.
authors.affiliation: University of Wisconsin Hospitals and Clinics, Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, 600 Highland Ave, H6/319 CSC, Madison, WI 53792-3248, USA. bn.guttormsen@hosp.wisc.edu
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Guttormsen
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Nee
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Makielski
authors.forename: Jon G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Keevil
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000097:blood / Q000175:diagnosis*; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D017202:Myocardial Ischemia / Q000175:diagnosis; D013577:Syndrome; D019210:Troponin I / Q000097:blood; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000175:diagnosis; D018879:Ventricular Premature Complexes / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D019210:Troponin I