title: The influence of tumor oxygenation on (18)F-FDG (fluorine-18 deoxyglucose) uptake: a mouse study using positron emission tomography (PET).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  This study investigated whether changing a tumor's oxygenation would alter tumor metabolism, and thus uptake of (18)F-FDG (fluorine-18 deoxyglucose), a marker for glucose metabolism using positron emission tomography (PET).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Tumor-bearing mice (squamous cell carcinoma) maintained at 37 degrees C were studied while breathing either normal air or carbogen (95% O(2), 5% CO2), known to significantly oxygenate tumors. Tumor activity was measured within an automatically determined volume of interest (VOI). Activity was corrected for the arterial input function as estimated from image and blood-derived data. Tumor FDG uptake was initially evaluated for tumor-bearing animals breathing only air (2 animals) or only carbogen (2 animals). Subsequently, 5 animals were studied using two sequential (18)F-FDG injections administered to the same tumor-bearing mouse, 60 min apart; the first injection on one gas (air or carbogen) and the second on the other gas. When examining the entire tumor VOI, there was no significant difference of (18)F-FDG uptake between mice breathing either air or carbogen (i.e. air/carbogen ratio near unity). However, when only the highest (18)F-FDG uptake regions of the tumor were considered (small VOIs), there was a modest (21%), but significant increase in the air/carbogen ratio suggesting that in these potentially most hypoxic regions of the tumor, (18)F-FDG uptake and hence glucose metabolism, may be reduced by increasing tumor oxygenation.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tumor (18)F-FDG uptake may be reduced by increases in tumor oxygenation and thus may provide a means to further enhance (18)F-FDG functional imaging.
authors.affiliation: Radiation Biology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Bethesda, MD, USA. lchan136@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Linda W
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Sebastien
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hapdey
authors.forename: Sean
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: English
authors.forename: Jurgen
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Seidel
authors.forename: Joann
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Carson
authors.forename: Anastasia L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Sowers
authors.forename: Murali C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Krishna
authors.forename: Michael V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: Green
authors.forename: James B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: Stephen L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Bacharach
mesh_terms: D000388:Air; D000818:Animals; D005260:Female; D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18 / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D000860:Hypoxia; D051379:Mice; D008809:Mice, Inbred C3H; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000378:metabolism*; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods*; D013696:Temperature; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D019788:Fluorodeoxyglucose F18; D010100:Oxygen