title: Surgical treatment in polycystic ovary syndrome.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this review is to provide a critical summary of current knowledge on the role and effectiveness of ovarian surgery in the treatment of polycystic ovary syndrome.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Clomiphene citrate is used as a first-line treatment for ovulation induction in infertile anovulatory patients with polycystic ovary syndrome. In clomiphene citrate-resistant women, other treatment modalities such as laparoscopic electrocautery or ovulation induction with gonadotropins have been proposed as alternative therapies. Although gonadotropin treatment and laparoscopic ovarian drilling have demonstrated similar reproductive outcomes, laparoscopic ovarian drilling has some advantages over gonadotropin treatment such as lower cost per pregnancy, improvement in menstrual regularity, and better long-term reproductive performance. On the other hand, knowledge about the pathogenesis of polycystic ovary syndrome has been growing and insulin-sensitizing drugs have gained popularity as a new treatment option.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  According to current data, metformin has gained popularity as first-line management in clomiphene citrate-resistant women with polycystic ovary syndrome. If ovulation does not occur within several months after treatment with metformin, after the evaluation of all pros and cons related to each treatment, laparoscopic ovarian drilling or gonadotropins may be considered as an effective option according to patient choice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Ankara University School of Medicine, Dikimevi-Ankara, Turkey. cunlu@ada.net.tr
authors.forename: Cihat
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Unlu
authors.forename: Cem S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Atabekoglu
mesh_terms: D002996:Clomiphene / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D005300:Fertility Agents, Female / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006062:Gonadotropins / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D013509:Gynecologic Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010535:Laparoscopy; D011085:Polycystic Ovary Syndrome / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D005300:Fertility Agents, Female; D006062:Gonadotropins; D007004:Hypoglycemic Agents; D002996:Clomiphene