title: Loss of parafibromin expression in a subset of parathyroid adenomas.
abstract: Inactivation of the hyperparathyroidism-jaw tumour syndrome (HPT- JT) gene, HRPT2, was recently established as a genetic mechanism in the development of parathyroid tumours. Its encoded protein parafibromin has tumour-suppressor properties that play an important role in tumour development in the parathyroids, jaws and kidneys. Inactivating HRPT2 mutations are common in HPT- JT and parathyroid carcinomas, and have been described in a few cases of parathyroid adenomas with cystic features. In this study, 46 cases of cystic parathyroid adenomas previously investigated for HRPT2 mutations were characterized with regard to MEN1 gene mutations, cyclin D1 expression and parafibromin expression. In normal tissues and cell lines, parafibromin was ubiquitously expressed. Furthermore, parafibromin was detected as a dominating nuclear and a weaker cytoplasmic signal in transfected cell lines. In the three parathyroid tumours with inactivating HRPT2 mutations parafibromin expression was not detectable, and in one of two cases with aberrantly sized parafibromin the protein was delocalized. Both high and low cyclin D1 levels were found among HRPT2-mutated and -unmutated tumours, suggesting that these events are not mutually exclusive in parathyroid tumour development. The presented data suggest that in the majority of benign parathyroid tumours the expression of parafibromin remains unaltered, while the loss of parafibromin expression is strongly indicative of gene inactivation through mutation of the HRPT2 gene.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet, Karolinska University Hospital, Solna, CMM L8: 01, SE-171 76 Stockholm, Sweden.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Juhlin
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Larsson
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Yakoleva
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Leibiger
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Leibiger
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Alimov
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Weber
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Höög
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Villablanca
mesh_terms: D000236:Adenoma / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D019556:COS Cells; D002522:Chlorocebus aethiops; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005260:Female; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D019656:Loss of Heterozygosity; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009154:Mutation; D010282:Parathyroid Neoplasms / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C454900:CDC73 protein, human; C105373:MEN1 protein, human; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D025521:Tumor Suppressor Proteins; D019938:Cyclin D1