title: Dietary factors and vasomotor symptoms in breast cancer survivors: the WHEL Study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Vasomotor symptoms (VMS)(hot flashes, night sweats) are associated with natural or surgically or chemotherapy-induced menopause, the latter occurring frequently in women treated for breast cancer. To manage VMS, some women seek alternatives to menopausal hormone therapy, such as supplements or modified food choices. The objective of the present analyses was to assess associations of VMS occurrence and change in severity of VMS over 12 months with dietary intakes of fiber, fat, and selected soy-containing foods, and use of phytoestrogen or vitamin E supplements in women with recent early stage breast cancer, adjusting for covariates.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using multivariate logistic regression, data were analyzed from 2,198 women with early-stage breast cancer who enrolled 2 to 48 months after diagnosis in the Women's Healthy Eating and Living randomized, controlled trial of a high-vegetable, high-fiber, reduced-fat diet.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Being peri- or postmenopausal, using tamoxifen, having low social support or depressive symptoms, and using vitamin E or phytoestrogen supplements were significantly associated cross-sectionally with reporting moderate/severe VMS at enrollment. Increased symptom severity after 12 months was significantly associated with higher body mass index, tamoxifen use, and smoking. Decreased symptom severity at 12 months was significantly associated with high dietary fiber intake; no decrease was observed in women who were peri- or postmenopausal, using tamoxifen, or had low fat intake or low social support.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  High dietary fiber intakes, premenopausal, and high social support were related to decreased severity of VMS 1 year after study enrollment in women recently treated for breast cancer.
authors.affiliation: Division of Epidemiology, Department of Public Health Sciences, University of California, Davis, Davis, CA 95616, USA.
authors.forename: Ellen B
authors.initials: EB
authors.lastname: Gold
authors.forename: Shirley W
authors.initials: SW
authors.lastname: Flatt
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Pierce
authors.forename: Wayne A
authors.initials: WA
authors.lastname: Bardwell
authors.forename: Richard A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Hajek
authors.forename: Vicky A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Newman
authors.forename: Cheryl L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Rock
authors.forename: Marcia L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Stefanick
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001943:Breast Neoplasms; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004032:Diet; D004043:Dietary Fiber / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D005502:Food; D019584:Hot Flashes / Q000178:diet therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D048789:Phytoestrogens / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D017741:Survivors; D014810:Vitamin E / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D004043:Dietary Fiber; D048789:Phytoestrogens; D014810:Vitamin E