title: Relationship between subclinical rejection and genotype, renal messenger RNA, and plasma protein transforming growth factor-beta1 levels.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta(1) is increased in allograft rejection and its production is associated with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).
  
  
  METHODS
  The contribution of SNPs at codons 10 and 25 of the TGF-beta(1) gene to renal allograft damage was assessed in 6-month protocol biopsies and their association with TGF-beta(1) production. TGF-beta(1) genotypes were evaluated by polymerase chain reaction (PCR)/restriction fragment length polymorphism. Intragraft TGF-beta(1) messenger RNA (mRNA) was measured by real-time PCR and TGF-beta(1) plasma levels were assessed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eighty consecutive patients were included. Allele T at codon 10 (risk ratio, 6.7; P = 0.02) and an episode of acute rejection before protocol biopsy (risk ratio, 6.2; P = 0.01) were independent predictors of subclinical rejection (SCR). TGF-beta(1) plasma levels, but not those of TGF-beta(1) mRNA, were increased in patients with SCR (2.59 ng/mL +/- 0.91 [n = 22] vs. 2.05 ng/mL +/- 0.76 [n = 43]; P = 0.01). There was no association between allele T and TGF-beta(1) plasma or intragraft levels.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Allele T at codon 10 of the TGF-beta(1) gene is associated with a higher incidence of SCR.
authors.affiliation: IDIBELL, Department of Nephrology, Hospital Universitario Bellvitge, L'Hospitalet de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain.
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Hueso
authors.forename: Estanis
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Navarro
authors.forename: Francesc
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Moreso
authors.forename: Violeta
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Beltrán-Sastre
authors.forename: Francesc
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Ventura
authors.forename: Josep M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Grinyó
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Serón
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006789:Host vs Graft Reaction / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D020641:Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta