title: Resveratrol-caused apoptosis of human prostate carcinoma LNCaP cells is mediated via modulation of phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase/Akt pathway and Bcl-2 family proteins.
abstract: Prostate cancer is a major health problem in the U.S. and the available treatment and surgical options have proven to be inadequate in controlling the mortality and morbidity associated with this disease. It is therefore necessary to intensify our efforts to better understand this disease and develop novel approaches for its prevention and treatment. This study was conducted to evaluate the chemopreventive/antiproliferative potential of resveratrol (trans-3,4',5,-trihydroxystilbene) against prostate cancer and its mechanism of action. Treatment with resveratrol (0-50 micromol/L for 24 hours) resulted in a significant (a) decrease in cell viability, (b) decrease of clonogenic cell survival, (c) inhibition of androgen (R1881)-stimulated growth, and (d) induction of apoptosis in androgen-responsive human prostate carcinoma (LNCaP) cells. Interestingly, at similar concentrations, resveratrol treatment did not affect the viability or rate of apoptosis in normal human prostate epithelial cells. Furthermore, our data showed that resveratrol-treatment resulted in significant dose-dependent inhibition in the constitutive expression of phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase and phosphorylated (active) Akt in LNCaP cells. Resveratrol treatment for LNCaP cells was also found to result in a significant (a) loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, (b) inhibition in the protein level of antiapoptotic Bcl-2, and (c) increase in proapoptotic members of the Bcl-2 family, i.e., Bax, Bak, Bid, and Bad. Taken together, our data suggested that resveratrol causes an inhibition of phosphatidylinositol 3'-kinase/Akt activation that, in turn, results in modulations in Bcl-2 family proteins in such a way that the apoptosis of LNCaP cells is promoted. Based on these studies, we suggest that resveratrol could be developed as an agent for the management of prostate cancer.
authors.affiliation: Department of Dermatology, University of Wisconsin, 1300 University Avenue, Medical Science Center B-25, Madison, WI 53706, USA.
authors.forename: Moammir H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Aziz
authors.forename: Minakshi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nihal
authors.forename: Vivian X
authors.initials: VX
authors.lastname: Fu
authors.forename: David F
authors.initials: DF
authors.lastname: Jarrard
authors.forename: Nihal
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Ahmad
mesh_terms: D000728:Androgens / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002277:Carcinoma / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008856:Microscopy, Fluorescence; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000378:metabolism*; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism*; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism*; D000077185:Resveratrol; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects; D013267:Stilbenes / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D000972:Antineoplastic Agents, Phytogenic; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D013267:Stilbenes; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D000077185:Resveratrol