title: Ultrasonography for detection of early pregnancy following embryo transfer in unknown breed of Bos indicus cows.
abstract: Real time, B mode ultrasound was used from Days 18 to 64 to detect and monitor the conceptus in 30 unknown breeds of Bos indicus recipients following embryo transfer. The embryonic vesicle was first visible within the uterus between Days 18 and 20 (mean +/- SD 18.5 +/- 0.7d) d). The embryo proper was detected at Day 19.5 +/- 0.7. The heartbeats were detected at Day 22.6 +/- 0.9. The average day of first detection of the allantois, the C - shaped embryo and the amnion was 23.1 +/- 0.8, 23.8 +/- 1.4 and 25.1 +/- 1.4 d, respectively. The fore limb, the limb buds, the spinal cord and the optic area were observed on Days 32.7 +/- 1.3, 32.9 +/- 1.3, 33.0 +/- 1.5 and 33.6 +/- 1.4, respectively. Fetal movements could be detected at Day 50.7 +/- 1.0. Ribs and vertebrae were detected on Day 60.9 +/- 1.7. The mean length of the embryo proper was 4.5 +/- 0.8 mm. on Day 19. At Day 60 it was 52.5 +/- 7.0 mm. The growth of the embryo proper increased steadily until Day 39, growing rapidly thereafter. Embryonic death was detected in one recipient on Day 32. The echogenic area started increasing and recipient appeared in estrus on Day 40. Sixteen recipients exhibited estrus on Days 22 to 24. An increase in intrauterine fluid was observed on Days 18 to 24.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Immunology Shahid Jeet Singh Marg, New Delhi - 110067, India.
authors.forename: S M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Totey
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Taneja
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Talwar