title: Dose-response study of effect of oleuropein, an olive oil polyphenol, in an ovariectomy/inflammation experimental model of bone loss in the rat.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  This study was carried out to assess the dose-dependent bone-sparing effect of oleuropein, an olive oil phenolic compound with anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative properties, on bone loss induced by talc granulomatosis in oestrogen-deficient rat.
  
  
  METHODS
  Among 98 rats, 20 were sham-operated (SH) while the others (78) were ovariectomised (OVX). The SH and 26 OVX rats (controls) were given a standard diet for 100 days. The 52 remaining OVX rats were allocated to 4 groups that received oleuropein at 2.5, 5, 10 or 15 mg/kg body weight per day for 100 days. Three weeks before necropsy, an inflammation was induced by subcutaneous injections of talc in half of the SH and OVX rats and in all oleuropein-treated animals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Castration was associated with a decreased bone mineral density (BMD). In OVX rats, inflammation, characterised by an increase of the spleen weight and plasma fibrinogen levels, exacerbated this bone loss, as shown by values of BMD of the total femur metaphyseal and diaphyseal subregions. The 4 doses of oleuropein reduced bone loss and improved inflammatory biomarkers excepted for 5mg/kg BW.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Every dose of oleuropein elicited protective effects on bone mass in this model of ovariectomy associated with inflammation, probably by modulating inflammatory parameters.
authors.affiliation: Unité des Maladies Métaboliques et Micronutriments, INRA Theix, 63122 Saint Genès-Champanelle, France.
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Puel
authors.forename: Jacinthe
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mathey
authors.forename: Apostolis
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Agalias
authors.forename: Séraphin
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kati-Coulibaly
authors.forename: Julie
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mardon
authors.forename: Christiane
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Obled
authors.forename: Marie-Jeanne
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Davicco
authors.forename: Patrice
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lebecque
authors.forename: Marie-Noelle
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Horcajada
authors.forename: Alexios L
authors.initials: AL
authors.lastname: Skaltsounis
authors.forename: Véronique
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Coxam
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D005340:Fibrinogen / Q000378:metabolism; D007249:Inflammation / Q000150:complications; D057888:Iridoid Glucosides; D039823:Iridoids; D000069463:Olive Oil; D009929:Organ Size; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010052:Ovariectomy / Q000009:adverse effects; D010938:Plant Oils; D011714:Pyrans / Q000494:pharmacology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011897:Random Allocation; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013154:Spleen / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D015415:Biomarkers; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D057888:Iridoid Glucosides; D039823:Iridoids; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010938:Plant Oils; D011714:Pyrans; C002769:oleuropein; D005340:Fibrinogen