title: Evaluation of HUD-funded lead hazard control treatments at 6 years post-intervention.
abstract: The Evaluation of the HUD Lead-Based Paint Hazard Control Grant Program (Evaluation) was a HUD-funded study of the effectiveness of lead hazard control (LHC) treatments conducted by 14 grantees in communities across the country. A stratified random sampling scheme was used to select treated units at four grantee sites for continued environmental assessment at 6 years post-intervention. The study compared the relative effectiveness after 6 years of the different classes of interventions used by the grantees, after controlling for such factors as housing conditions and characteristics and resident and neighborhood characteristics. Geometric mean dust-lead levels on floors and window sills were 11% and 23% lower, respectively, at 6 years post-intervention than at any preceding point following the intervention. Although geometric mean window trough dust-lead levels were slightly higher at 6 years post-intervention than at other post-intervention time periods, they were still over 75% lower than before intervention. Treatment at more-intensive levels was associated with lower window sill and window trough dust-lead levels; however, statistical modeling found no significant difference in floor dust-lead loadings over time between the levels of treatment; however, significant differences in window sill and window trough dust-lead levels between treatment levels were evident. Findings from the 6-Year Extension study indicate that across all grantees and treatment strategies the treatments applied were effective at significantly reducing environmental lead levels on floors, window sills, and window troughs at least 6 years following the intervention.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Healthy Housing, Columbia, 10227 Wincopin Circle, Suite 200, Columbia, MD 21044, USA. jwilson@centerforhealthyhousing.org
authors.forename: Jonathan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wilson
authors.forename: Tim
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Pivetz
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ashley
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Jacobs
authors.forename: Warren
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Strauss
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Menkedick
authors.forename: Sherry
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dixon
authors.forename: Hsing-Chuan
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Tsai
authors.forename: Vincent
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Brown
authors.forename: Warren
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Friedman
authors.lastname: Warren Galke
authors.forename: Scott
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Clark
mesh_terms: D016902:Air Pollution, Indoor / Q000032:analysis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004391:Dust / Q000032:analysis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000517:prevention & control*; D005430:Floors and Floorcoverings; D006078:Government Programs; D006798:Housing; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis; D007855:Lead Poisoning / Q000517:prevention & control*; D010150:Paint; D015397:Program Evaluation; D012989:Soil Pollutants / Q000032:analysis; D014481:United States
chemical_list: D004391:Dust; D012989:Soil Pollutants; D007854:Lead