title: [Total antioxidative status in colostrum. The influence of maternal smoking].
abstract: Oxidative stress is implicated in the pathogenesis of many diseases. The purpose of the antioxidative defense is to inactivate reactive oxygen particles. Human milk has antioxidative properties. The antioxidative barrier is impaired in smokers. THE AIM of the study was to evaluate the influence of maternal smoking during pregnancy and lactation on total antioxidative status (TAS) in colostrum.
  
  
  METHODS
  57 healthy women after natural delivery were included in the study. Group I - consisted of non-smokers (median 29 years; range 22-36 yrs), group 11-25 smokers (median 25 years; range 18-31 yrs). Milk samples were collected between 2nd and 4th day after delivery.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Total antioxidative status in milk of non-smoking group (group I) was 4.55 mmol/l (range: 1.5-19.0) and 2.61 mmol/l (range: 1-23.9) in milk of smoking group (group II). Total antioxidative status was significantly decreased in milk of smoking mothers (group II) (test U; U=249; p<0.015). TAS in milk of smoking mothers is decreased by 11.9%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Smoking during pregnancy and lactation decreases the antioxidative properties of colostrum.
authors.affiliation: Klinika Pediatrii, Gastroenterologii i Onkologii Dzieciecej, Akademia Medyczna, ul. Nowe Ogrody 1-6, 80-803 Gdańsk, Poland. aga1@amg.gda.pl
authors.forename: Agnieszka
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Szlagatys-Sidorkiewicz
authors.forename: Maciej
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zagierski
authors.forename: Joanna
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Renke
authors.forename: Michal
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Korzon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000378:metabolism*; D001942:Breast Feeding; D003126:Colostrum / Q000737:chemistry*; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D008297:Male; D008895:Milk, Human / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D011044:Poland; D011247:Pregnancy; D012907:Smoking / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D000975:Antioxidants