title: Snoring source identification and snoring noise prediction.
abstract: This paper investigates the snoring mechanism of humans by applying the concept of structural intensity to a three-dimensional (3D) finite element model of a human head, which includes: the upper part of the head, neck, soft palate, hard palate, tongue, nasal cavity and the surrounding walls of the pharynx. Results show that for 20, 40 and 60Hz pressure loads, tissue vibration is mainly in the areas of the soft palate, the tongue and the nasal cavity. For predicting the snoring noise level, a 3D boundary element cavity model of the upper airway in the nasal cavity is generated. The snoring noise level is predicted for a prescribed airflow loading, and its range agrees with published measurements. These models may be further developed to study the various snoring mechanisms for different groups of patients.
authors.affiliation: Institute of High Performance Computing, 1 Science Park Road, #01-01 The Capricorn, Singapore Science Park II, Singapore 117528, Singapore. liuzs@ihpc.a-star.edu.sg
authors.forename: Z S
authors.initials: ZS
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: X Y
authors.initials: XY
authors.lastname: Luo
authors.forename: H P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D003198:Computer Simulation; D020342:Finite Element Analysis; D006257:Head / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009296:Nasal Cavity / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D009622:Noise; D010614:Pharynx / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D012913:Snoring / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014059:Tongue / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology*; D014732:Vibration