title: The use of ejaculated boar semen after freezing in 2 or 6% glucerol for in vitro fertilization of porcine oocytes matured in vitro.
abstract: Two concentrations of glycerol in a freezing diluent were tested with respect to the in vitro fertilizing capacity of frozen-thawed boar spermatozoa which, before exposure to oocytes, were subjected to 3 methods of fractionation. These were 1) the upper fraction, 2) the swim-up and 3) percoll gradinet-centrifugation. The highest proportions of motile spermatozoa were obtained by the swim-up procedure, while acrosomal integrity was best preserved by the upper fraction procedure. Raising the glycerol concentration from 2 to 6% (v/v) during freezing decreased the proportion of spermatozoa with a normal apical ridge. Spermatozoa separated by the upper fraction method showed the greatest penetration of oocytes and produced the highest incidence of polyspermy. The glycerol level affected penetration and polyspermy only with spermatozoa separated in a percoll gradient, where the higher level of glycerol increased oocytes penetration and polyspermy. Pronuclei formation was influenced by the separation procedure and by the glycerol concentration in the freezing diluent. The results indicate that frozen boar semen can be used for in vitro fertilization more successfully than fresh semen since penetration by frozen upper fraction spermatozoa was similar to, the degree of polyspermy was lower, and the formation of two pronuclei was greater (P<0.01) than in oocytes exposed to fresh semen.
authors.affiliation: Département de Zootechnie et Unité D'Ontogénie-Reproduction CHUL, Université Laval, Qc, Canada G1K 7P4.
authors.forename: Y S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Zheng
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fiser
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Sirard