title: Co-injection of interleukin 8 with the glycoprotein gene from viral haemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) modulates the cytokine response in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss).
abstract: Since previous results showed that interleukin 8 (IL-8) was induced in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss) in response to viral hemorrhagic septicemia virus (VHSV) infection, we have cloned IL-8 in an expression vector (pIL8+) and studied its possible adjuvant effect on the early response to a VHSV immunization model, focusing on the early response of several cytokines induced by a vector coding for the glycoprotein of VHSV (pMCV1.4-G) in the spleen and head kidney. First, we demonstrated that the pIL8+ successfully transcribed IL-8, by induction of IL-8 transcription in the muscle and blood, and by a massive infiltration of neutrophils at the muscle inoculation site. We have studied the effect of pIL8+ co-administration on the expression of two pro-inflammatory cytokines, such as IL-1beta and tumour necrosis factor alpha (TNF-alpha); cytokines that have mainly an inhibitory role, IL-11 and transforming growth factor beta (TGF-beta); and a Th1 type cytokine, IL-18. We demonstrated that the co-administration of pIL8+ with pMCV1.4-G modulates the cytokine response that is induced, mainly by having its effect increasing pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1beta and TNF-alpha1), with a greater impact on the spleen, and to a lesser extent in the head kidney. All these data suggest that IL-8 is able to modulate the early cytokine immune response that is produced in response to a DNA vaccine, and therefore, might be a potential immune adjuvant in fish viral vaccination. More work should be done to determine if this modulation has a beneficial effect on protection as seen in other mammal viral models.
authors.affiliation: Centro de Investigación en Sanidad Animal (CISA-INIA), Carretera de Algete a El Casar km. 8,1, Valdeolmos 28130, Madrid, Spain.
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Jimenez
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Coll
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Salguero
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tafalla
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D016207:Cytokines / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000276:immunology*; D015316:Genetic Therapy; D006023:Glycoproteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D031941:Hemorrhagic Septicemia, Viral / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D007273:Injections, Intramuscular; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000276:immunology / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007668:Kidney / Q000276:immunology; D029141:Novirhabdovirus / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D017686:Oncorhynchus mykiss / Q000276:immunology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000276:immunology; D014158:Transcription, Genetic; D019444:Vaccines, DNA / Q000097:blood / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology*; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000097:blood / Q000276:immunology / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D016207:Cytokines; D006023:Glycoproteins; D016209:Interleukin-8; D019444:Vaccines, DNA; D014765:Viral Vaccines