title: [Contents of eight harmful elements in baby toys and their migration tests].
abstract: Levels of eight harmful elements, i.e., antimony, arsenic, barium, cadmium, chromium, lead, mercury and selenium, were investigated in 45 baby toys and 10 paints, which were mainly made of polyvinyl chloride. All samples contained barium at levels of 0.3-3,700 mg/kg, several samples contained cadmium (0.2-26 mg/kg), chromium (0.5-280 mg/kg) and lead (1.5-1,300 mg/kg), and one sample contained antimony (5.3 mg/kg). They might have been used as colorants of the toy materials and paints. They were then evaluated using the migration test of ISO 8124-3, in which samples were ground up, and then soaked in 0.07 mol/L HCl at 37 degrees C for two hours. Barium, cadmium, chromium and lead migrated from some of the samples, but at levels lower than the migration limits required by ISO 8124-3. Compared with the Japanese official method, the ISO method resulted in higher migration, but there are significant differences in the migration limits, test method, and so on between them. Further investigation is needed in this area.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Health Sciences, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yoko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawamura
authors.forename: Chie
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kawasaki
authors.forename: Sachika
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mine
authors.forename: Motoh
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Mutsuga
authors.forename: Kenichi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tanamoto
mesh_terms: D000965:Antimony / Q000032:analysis; D001151:Arsenic / Q000032:analysis; D001464:Barium / Q000032:analysis*; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis*; D002857:Chromium / Q000032:analysis*; D007564:Japan; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis*; D008628:Mercury / Q000032:analysis; D010150:Paint / Q000032:analysis; D010988:Play and Playthings; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride / Q000032:analysis; D012643:Selenium / Q000032:analysis
chemical_list: D002104:Cadmium; D002857:Chromium; D001464:Barium; D007854:Lead; D011143:Polyvinyl Chloride; D000965:Antimony; D008628:Mercury; D012643:Selenium; D001151:Arsenic