Lipoxins and new lipid mediators in the resolution of inflammation.
Lipoxins and aspirin-triggered lipoxins are lipid mediators generated from arachidonic acid that act to reduce inflammation and promote resolution. In addition, two new families of lipid mediators were uncovered, namely resolvins (resolution phase interaction products) and protectins, which derive from omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid. They possess potent anti-inflammatory, neuroprotective and pro-resolving properties. Eicosapentaenoic acid-derived mediators are denoted resolvins of the E series, and those biosynthesized from docosahexaenoic acid are resolvins of the D series (RvDs) and protectins. Aspirin impinges on these systems, triggering formation of the epimeric 17R-series RvDs--denoted as 'aspirin-triggered-RvDs'--which possess bioactivity in vivo equivalent to that evoked by their 17S-series counterparts (i.e. RvDs). These bioactive molecules open new avenues and approaches to therapeutic interventions via accelerated resolution of inflammation.
Schwab
Jan M
JM
Center for Experimental Therapeutics and Reperfusion Injury, Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, 75 Francis Street, Boston MA 02115, USA.
Serhan
Charles N
CN
D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001095:Arachidonic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D001241:Aspirin / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007249:Inflammation / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism*; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D044045:Lipoxins / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000187:drug effects
D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D001095:Arachidonic Acids; D044045:Lipoxins; C040527:lipoxin A4; D004281:Docosahexaenoic Acids; D015118:Eicosapentaenoic Acid; C499823:5S,12R,18R-trihydroxy-6Z,8E,10E,14Z,16E-eicosapentaenoic acid; D001241:Aspirin