Derivatization in mass spectrometry--8. Soft ionization mass spectrometry of small molecules.
This is the first of two reviews devoted to derivatization approaches for "soft" ionization mass spectrometry (FAB, MALDI, ESI, APCI) and deals, in particular, with small molecules. The principles of the main "soft" ionization mass spectrometric methods as well as the reasons for derivatizing small molecules are briefly described. Derivatization methods for modification of amines, carboxylic acids, amino acids, alcohols, carbonyl compounds, monosaccharides, thiols, unsaturated and aromatic compounds etc. to improve their ionizability and to enhance structure information content are discussed. The use of "fixed"-charge bearing derivatization reagents is especially emphasized. Chemical aspects of derivatization and "soft" ionization mass spectrometric properties of derivatives are considered.
Zaikin
Vladimir G
VG
Topchiev Institute of Petrochemical Synthesis, Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky prospect 29, 119991Moscow, Russia. zaikin@ips.ac.ru
Halket
John M
JM
D000588:Amines / Q000737:chemistry; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D000840:Anisoles / Q000737:chemistry; D001555:Benzene Derivatives / Q000737:chemistry; D001965:Bromides / Q000737:chemistry; D002241:Carbohydrates / Q000737:chemistry; D007202:Indicators and Reagents / Q000737:chemistry; D017953:Isocyanates / Q000737:chemistry; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods*; D010636:Phenols / Q000737:chemistry; D010720:Phosphines / Q000737:chemistry; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization / Q000379:methods; D016339:Spectrometry, Mass, Fast Atom Bombardment / Q000379:methods; D019032:Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization / Q000379:methods; D018629:Spectrometry, Mass, Secondary Ion / Q000379:methods; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds / Q000737:chemistry; D053719:Tandem Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods
D000588:Amines; D000596:Amino Acids; D000840:Anisoles; D001555:Benzene Derivatives; D001965:Bromides; D002241:Carbohydrates; D007202:Indicators and Reagents; D017953:Isocyanates; D010636:Phenols; D010720:Phosphines; D013438:Sulfhydryl Compounds