title: Hair dye use is not associated with risk for bladder cancer: evidence from a case-control study in Spain.
abstract: An increased bladder cancer risk has been suggested among users of hair dyes. We evaluated this association among females in a hospital-based case-control study in Spain (152 female incident cases, 166 female controls). The effect of hair dye use was also evaluated among potentially susceptible subgroups defined by NAT1, NAT2, CYP1A2, GSTM1, GSTT1 and GSTP1 genotypes. Use of any hair dye (OR=0.8, CI 0.5-1.4) or of permanent hair dyes (OR=0.8, CI 0.5-1.5) was not associated with increased risk. Small non-significant increases in risks were observed in a lagged analysis that ignores exposures within ten years of diagnosis (OR=1.3, CI 0.8-2.2). No trend in risk with increasing exposure was seen for duration of use, average use or cumulative use. None of the polymorphisms examined significantly modified the hair dye associated risk. Overall, this study does not support an association between hair dye use and bladder cancer.
authors.affiliation: Municipal Institute of Medical Research, Centre for Research in Environmental Epidemiology (CREAL), Respiratory and Environmental Health Research Unit, Dr Aiguader 80, 08003 Barcelona, Spain. kogevinas@imim.es
authors.forename: Manolis
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kogevinas
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Fernandez
authors.forename: Montserrat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Garcia-Closas
authors.forename: Adonina
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tardon
authors.forename: Reina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Garcia-Closas
authors.forename: Consol
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Serra
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Carrato
authors.forename: Gemma
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Castano-Vinyals
authors.forename: Meredith
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yeager
authors.forename: Stephen J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chanock
authors.forename: Josep
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lloreta
authors.forename: Nathaniel
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Rothman
authors.forename: Francisco X
authors.initials: FX
authors.lastname: Real
authors.forename: Mustafa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Dosemeci
authors.forename: Nuria
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Malats
authors.forename: Debra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Silverman
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005838:Genotype; D006202:Hair Dyes / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D016017:Odds Ratio; D012307:Risk Factors; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D006202:Hair Dyes