title: An evaluation of two behavioral rehabilitation programs, qigong versus progressive relaxation, in improving the quality of life in cardiac patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of the current study was to evaluate and compare two different behavioral rehabilitation programs in improving the quality of life in cardiac patients in Hong Kong.
  
  
  METHODS
  The current study was carried out in the outpatient unit of Occupational Therapy Department in the United Christian Hospital, Hong Kong. Convenience sampling with referral from the cardiac specialty was used in the present study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 65 subjects, with a mean age 65 (range, 42 to 76), were recruited in the study. The cardiac diseases included myocardial infarct, postcoronary intervention, valve replacement, and also ischemic heart disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients were alternately allocated to the two groups. The first group of patients received instructions and practiced on progressive relaxation. The second group of patients underwent training in qigong. A total of eight sessions were conducted and each session lasted 20 minutes.
  
  
  METHODS
  Demographic and clinical data such as gender, age, and systolic and diastolic blood pressure were recorded. The psychological and Quality of Life assessment was performed using the Chinese versions of Short Form 36 (C-SF36), State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (C-STAI), and General Health Questionnaire (C-GHQ-12).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifty-nine (59) subjects (44 men and 15 women) completed all eight rehabilitation sessions in the study. Patients allocated to the two treatment groups had comparable baseline characteristics. Progressive relaxation was more effective in reducing blood pressures compared to qigong. Relaxation appeared to be particularly beneficial in somatic domains. qigong group demonstrated greater improvement in psychologic measures in addition to reduction in systolic blood pressure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Progressive relaxation and qigong exercise improved the quality of life for cardiac patients with reference to certain physiologic and psychologic measures. The result was supported by previous studies and literature reviews on qigong in terms of its effect on the psychologic dimension.
authors.affiliation: Occupational Therapy Department, United Christian Hospital, Hospital Authority, Kwun Tong, Kowloon, Hong Kong. peggyhui@mail.com
authors.forename: Peggy Ngor
authors.initials: PN
authors.lastname: Hui
authors.forename: Maurice
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wan
authors.forename: Wai Kwong
authors.initials: WK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Paul Man Bun
authors.initials: PM
authors.lastname: Yung
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001007:Anxiety / Q000517:prevention & control; D001794:Blood Pressure; D001945:Breathing Exercises; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D019222:Mind-Body Relations, Metaphysical; D009203:Myocardial Infarction / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D010045:Outpatients; D019413:Qi; D011788:Quality of Life; D012063:Relaxation; D016896:Treatment Outcome