title: Designing culturally and linguistically appropriate health interventions: the "Life Is Precious" Hmong breast cancer study.
abstract: Cancer is the number one cause of death for Asian American women, yet they have the lowest rates of cancer screening. Contributing factors, particularly for Hmong women, include the lack of culturally and linguistically appropriate educational interventions. This study aimed to develop a culturally and linguistically appropriate intervention to improve the breast cancer screening rates among Hmong women in Fresno and San Diego, California. Intervention elements included the development of a flipchart, brochure, and video that presented basic breast health and screening information, along with the targeting of not only women but men to support their wives' breast cancer screenings. Analyses of pre- and post workshop surveys showed increases in knowledge and more positive attitudes among all participants, behavioral intentions for clinical breast examinations and mammograms among women, and support for such exams and possible cancer treatment among men. Implications for further research and practice are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Health Science, California State University, Fullerton 92834-6870, USA. stanjasiri@fullerton.edu
authors.forename: Sora Park
authors.initials: SP
authors.lastname: Tanjasiri
authors.forename: Marjorie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kagawa-Singer
authors.forename: Mary Anne
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Foo
authors.forename: Maichew
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Chao
authors.forename: Irene
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Linayao-Putman
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Georgi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pirumyan
authors.forename: Annalyn
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Valdez
mesh_terms: D001213:Asian; D001943:Breast Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002140:California; D018864:Cultural Diversity; D005260:Female; D006293:Health Promotion / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D007802:Language; D008297:Male; D008403:Mass Screening; D008875:Middle Aged; D020380:Needs Assessment; D015397:Program Evaluation