title: Ketorolac during the induction phase of cyclosporin-A therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to determine if the concomitant use of ketorolac 0.4% and cyclosporin-A improves patient comfort during the induction phase in treating chronic dry eye disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients (n = 52) with clinically diagnosed dry eye were randomized to receive either cyclosporin-A monotherapy twice-daily (BID) or a BID adjunctive regimen of ketorolac, followed by the instillation of cyclosporin-A 10 min later. Study visits were at baseline, week 2, and week 6. At each study visit, patients underwent an evaluation for corneal staining, Schirmer's scores, and tear break-up time tests. Patients were asked to rate ocular comfort on a 4-point scale and to complete the ocular surface disease index (OSDI). Changes from baseline readings were recorded at week-2 and week-6 visits, and final patient success on treatment regimen was evaluated at week 6.
  
  
  RESULTS
  After 6 weeks, the mean ocular comfort score of adjunctive patients improved 2.55 +/- 0.95 points, versus 1.53 +/- 0.91 points for monotherapy (P = 0.309). The adjunctive regimen provided significantly greater corneal staining reductions versus monotherapy, mean reduction in staining of 1.74 +/- 0.9, versus 1.27 +/- 0.56 (P = 0.044).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Concurrent ketorolac 0.4% use with cyclosporin-A significantly reduced corneal staining and increased comfort in the induction phase.
authors.affiliation: Florida Eye Microsurgical Institute, Boynton Beach, FL 33426, USA. BDSCH77@aol.com
authors.forename: Barry A
authors.initials: BA
authors.lastname: Schechter
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D016572:Cyclosporine / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D015352:Dry Eye Syndromes / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D020910:Ketorolac / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D008297:Male; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016572:Cyclosporine; D020910:Ketorolac