title: An approach to successful freezing of demi-embryos derived from day-7 bovine embryos.
abstract: The developmental capacity of frozen/thawed bisected embryos (n = 33) derived from day-7 bovine embryos was investigated and compared to ordinary embryos after freezing and thawing (n = 28) and to freshly bisected embryos (n = 19). The freezing and thawing protocol was identical for ordinary and demi-embryos. The percentage of intact embryos classified as excellent, good, or poor after thawing was 92.9 and 96.3% for ordinary and demi-embryos, respectively. Pregnancy rates of 53.8 (8 15 ), 46.2 (6 13 ), and 47.5% (9 19 ) were obtained when frozen/thawed ordinary embryos and frozen/thawed demi-embryos classified as excellent or good and sealed with an additional zona pellucida from hatched pig blastocysts or freshly bisected embryos were transferred. One pair of identical twins resulted from the transfer of frozen/thawed demi-embryos sealed with an additional zona pellucida. Transfer of four frozen/thawed demi-embryos without an additional zona pellucida led to one pregnancy. In contrast, demi-embryos derived from frozen/thawed ordinary embryos (n = 8) as well as frozen/thawed demi-embryos classified as poor (n = 6) did not result in any pregnancies although two halves were transferred per recipient. It is concluded that sealing the punctured zona pellucida improves the developmental capacity of frozen/thawed demi-embryos derived from day-7 bovine embryos, and freezing demi-embryos is more efficient compared to the splitting of frozen/thawed ordinary embryos.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Tierzucht and Tierverhalten (FAL), Mariensee, 3057 Neustadt 1, Federal Republic of Germany.
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Niemann
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Brem
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Sacher
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Smidt
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kräusslich