title: NOD2/CARD15, NOD1/CARD4, and ICAM-1 gene polymorphisms in Turkish patients with inflammatory bowel disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The genetic susceptibility of people with certain NOD2/CARD15, NOD1/CARD4, and ICAM-1 gene variants to inflammatory bowel disease is still under investigation. The aim of this study was to investigate polymorphisms in the NOD2/CARD15 (R702W, G908R, and 3020insC), NOD1/CARD4 (E266K, D372N), and ICAM-1 (G241R, K469E) genes, which are known to be associated with inflammation, in Turkish patients with inflammatory bowel disease and healthy control groups.
  
  
  METHODS
  The genotypes of 70 patients with endoscopically and histopathologically diagnosed Crohn's disease (38 men, 32 women; mean age, 38.8 +/- 1.3), 120 patients with ulcerative colitis (67 men, 53 women; mean age, 41.7 +/- 1.3) and 106 healthy control subjects (37 men, 69 women; mean age, 35.7 +/- 1.4), who stated that they had never had any prior bowel disease history, were compared. A polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism analysis was performed for two variants of the ICAM-1 gene, the three main variants of the NOD2/CARD15 gene, and the E266K variant of the NOD1/CARD4 gene, and DNA sequencing was used for the D372N polymorphism of the NOD1/CARD4 gene.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In this study, the three previously described Crohn's disease-predisposing variants of the NOD2/CARD15 gene and the polymorphisms examined in the NOD1/CARD4 and ICAM-1 genes were not found to be associated with ulcerative colitis or Crohn's disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings suggest that the polymorphisms observed in the NOD2/CARD15, NOD1/CARD4, and ICAM-1 genes are not genetic susceptibility factors for Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis in Turkey.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Biotechnology, Ankara University, Ankara, Turkey.
authors.forename: Senem Ceren
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Ozen
authors.forename: Ulkü
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Dagli
authors.forename: Mesut Yalin
authors.initials: MY
authors.lastname: Kiliç
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Törüner
authors.forename: Yasemin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Celik
authors.forename: Muhip
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ozkan
authors.forename: Irfan
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Soykan
authors.forename: Hülya
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Cetinkaya
authors.forename: Aysel
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ulker
authors.forename: Ali
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ozden
authors.forename: A Mithat
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Bozdayi
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000235:genetics*; D000328:Adult; D017209:Apoptosis; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D003424:Crohn Disease / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004247:DNA / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D015212:Inflammatory Bowel Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D008297:Male; D053474:Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein; D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D015995:Prevalence; D014421:Turkey / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; D047908:Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; C119067:NOD1 protein, human; C429018:NOD2 protein, human; D053474:Nod1 Signaling Adaptor Protein; D053473:Nod2 Signaling Adaptor Protein; D018799:Intercellular Adhesion Molecule-1; D004247:DNA