title: Retrospective measles outbreak investigation: Sudan, 2004.
abstract: Recent population-based studies of measles incidence and deaths in Sudan are not available. To determine the epidemiology and case-fatality rate (CFR) of measles, we conducted a retrospective outbreak investigation in two states in northern Sudan. Of 1144 case-patients identified, 92% were <15 years; 48.6% were vaccinated; and 62% received vitamin A before illness. Ten measles-associated deaths were identified (CFR 0.9%; 95% confidence interval 0.16-1.91). CFR determined by this investigation is lower than expected for the region but remains 10 times higher than that in developed countries. Measles control should be strengthened by improving vaccine coverage, measles surveillance and case-management.
authors.affiliation: Epidemic Intelligence Service and National Immunization Program, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia 30333, USA. fcoronado@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Fátima
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Coronado
authors.forename: Nisreen
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Musa
authors.forename: El Sayed Ahmed
authors.initials: el SA
authors.lastname: El Tayeb
authors.forename: Salah
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Haithami
authors.forename: Alya
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dabbagh
authors.forename: Frank
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Mahoney
authors.forename: Robin
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nandy
authors.forename: Lisa
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cairns
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D016001:Confidence Intervals; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D008457:Measles / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000401:mortality; D008458:Measles Vaccine; D011159:Population Surveillance; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D013397:Sudan / Q000453:epidemiology; D014611:Vaccination; D014801:Vitamin A
chemical_list: D008458:Measles Vaccine; D014801:Vitamin A