title: Interaction between MAO-A genotype and maltreatment in the risk for conduct disorder: failure to confirm in adolescent patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Childhood maltreatment is a potent risk factor for subsequent aggressive and criminal behavior. A recent study suggested that the relationship between maltreatment and antisocial behavior may be moderated by a genetic vulnerability conferred by a functional polymorphism in the MAO-A gene. The authors investigated whether these findings would generalize to a clinical cohort of adolescents, examining whether there was a stronger association between maltreatment and conduct disorder severity in patients carrying the low MAO-A activity allele.
  
  
  METHODS
  Male adolescent patients (N=247) entering residential or intensive day treatment for persistent conduct and substance use problems were examined. Conduct disorder severity was indexed by a lifetime count of DSM-IV criteria obtained through structured psychiatric interviews. Maltreatment scores were derived from summing neglect and abuse events reported to have occurred before age 11.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Neglect, verbal/psychological abuse, physical abuse, and sexual abuse were prevalent among patients. Although level of maltreatment and lifetime conduct disorder symptoms were significantly correlated, no genetic-environmental interaction with genotype for maltreatment was found.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The results of the current study do not support the hypothesis that a polymorphism in the gene encoding MAO-A contributes to the genetic risk for conduct disorder.
authors.affiliation: Institute for Behavioral Genetics, UCB 447, University of Colorado, Boulder, CO 80301, USA.
authors.forename: Susan E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: Andrew
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Smolen
authors.forename: John K
authors.initials: JK
authors.lastname: Hewitt
authors.forename: Brett C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Haberstick
authors.forename: Michael C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Stallings
authors.forename: Robin P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Corley
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Crowley
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D002649:Child Abuse / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D002650:Child Abuse, Sexual / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002653:Child Behavior Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology; D015331:Cohort Studies; D015897:Comorbidity; D019955:Conduct Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000235:genetics*; D039721:Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders; D020022:Genetic Predisposition to Disease; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008995:Monoamine Oxidase / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012307:Risk Factors; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D019966:Substance-Related Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000453:epidemiology
chemical_list: D008995:Monoamine Oxidase