title: Higher prevalence of human papillomavirus infection in migrant women from Latin America in Spain.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate prevalence and determinants of high risk (HR) human papillomavirus (HPV) by country of origin in women attending a family planning centre (FPC) in Alicante, Spain.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross sectional study of all women attending a FPC from May 2003 to January 2004. An ad hoc questionnaire was designed and data were collected prospectively. HR HPV infection was determined through the Digene HPV test, Hybrid Capture II, and positive samples for PCR were directly sequenced. Data were analysed through multiple logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HR HPV prevalence in 1011 women was 10% (95% CI: 8.2 to 12). Compared to Spaniards (prevalence 8.2%) HR HPV prevalence in Colombians was 27.5% (OR: 4.24 95% CI: 2.03 to 8.86), 23.1% in Ecuadoreans (OR: 3.35 95% CI: 1.30 to 8.63), and 22.73% in women from other Latin American countries (OR: 3.29 95% CI: 1.17 to 9.19). Women with more than three lifetime sexual partners had an increased risk of HR HPV infection (OR 3.21 95% CI: 2.02 to 5.10). The higher risk of HR HPV infection was maintained in Latin American women in multivariate analyses that adjusted for age, number of lifetime sexual partners, and reason for consultation. The commonest HPV types in women with normal cervical smears were HPV-18 (20%), HPV-16 (14%) and HPV-33 (11%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Prevalence of HR HPV is more than three times higher in Latin Americans than in Spaniards. Latin American women's HPV prevalence resembles more that of their countries of origin. It is essential that health service providers identify these women as a priority group in current cervical screening programmes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Public Health and History of Science, Miguel Hernández University, Alicante, Spain.
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ortiz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Canals
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Muñoz
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Jarrín
authors.forename: M G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: de la Hera
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: García-Saiz
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: del Amo
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007843:Latin America / Q000208:ethnology; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D014171:Transients and Migrants / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*