title: [The role of thiazides in the prophylaxis of recurrent calcium lithiasis].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To show the prolonged efficacy of thiazides in the prophylaxis and treatment of recurrences in patients with calcium oxalate and phosphate lithiasis.
  
  
  METHODS
  A randomised prospective study is conducted, with a three-year follow-up, in 150 patients diagnosed with recurrent calcium lithiasis. The patients are divided into three groups: A) 50 cases subject to observation with no treatment, B) 50 cases treated with 50 mg/day of hydrochlorothiazide, and C) 50 cases treated with 50 mg of hydrochlorothiazide and 20 mlEq of potassium citrate/day. Each group is subject to a renal study with imaging techniques and a urinary metabolic study at baseline, 12, 24 and 36 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The patients treated with thiazides (Groups B and C) obtain a significant reduction in lithiasis recurrence compared with the control group (Group A). The most common abnormality found in the metabolic study was hypercalciuria, 52% of cases; 16% present a mixed lithogenic pattern. The number of recurrences and need for new sessions of extracorporeal lithotripsy in patients with hypercalciuria treated with thiazides is significantly smaller than in Group A (p=0.003).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We observe a significant relation between lithogenic pattern and lithiasis recurrence. Thiazides help us to control lithogenic factors and recurrences in patients with calcium lithiasis. This effect is prolonged and significant in patients with hypercalciuria.
authors.affiliation: Hospital San Juan de la Cruz, Ubeda (Jaén), Departamento de Cirugia.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fernández-Rodríguez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Arrabal-Martín
authors.forename: Maria J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: García-Ruiz
authors.forename: M A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Arrabal-Polo
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pichardo-Pichardo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Zuluaga-Gómez
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002118:Calcium / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007669:Kidney Calculi / Q000737:chemistry / Q000517:prevention & control*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012008:Recurrence; D049971:Thiazides / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D049971:Thiazides; D002118:Calcium