Chromatin remodelling: the industrial revolution of DNA around histones.
Chromatin remodellers are specialized multi-protein machines that enable access to nucleosomal DNA by altering the structure, composition and positioning of nucleosomes. All remodellers have a catalytic ATPase subunit that is similar to known DNA-translocating motor proteins, suggesting DNA translocation as a unifying aspect of their mechanism. Here, we explore the diversity and specialization of chromatin remodellers, discuss how nucleosome modifications regulate remodeller activity and consider a model for the exposure of nucleosomal DNA that involves the use of directional DNA translocation to pump 'DNA waves' around the nucleosome.
Saha
Anjanabha
A
Department of Oncological Sciences and Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Huntsman Cancer Institute, University of Utah School of Medicine, 2000 Circle of Hope, Salt Lake City, Utah 84112, USA.
Wittmeyer
Jacqueline
J
Cairns
Bradley R
BR
D000818:Animals; D042002:Chromatin Assembly and Disassembly; D004247:DNA / Q000378:metabolism*; D006657:Histones / Q000378:metabolism*; D009707:Nucleosomes / Q000378:metabolism*
D006657:Histones; D009707:Nucleosomes; D004247:DNA