IFN-lambda: novel antiviral cytokines.
The first line of defense against viral infections is mediated by interferons (IFN)s, which are produced rapidly by the infected host. Type I IFNs (IFN-alpha/beta) are known to combat viruses both directly by inhibiting viral replication in the cells and indirectly by stimulating the innate and adaptive immune responses. Recently, a novel class of cytokines was discovered and named IFN-lambda (alternatively type III IFN or interleukin-28/29 [IL- 28/29]), based on IFN-like antiviral activity and induction of typical IFN-inducible genes. Here, we review the literature on IFN-lambda and discuss the current knowledge of the functions and mechanisms of action of IFN-lambda.
Ank
Nina
N
Institute of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, University of Aarhus, Denmark.
West
Hans
H
Paludan
Søren R
SR
D000818:Animals; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005544:Forecasting; D007372:Interferons / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D018448:Models, Immunological
D000998:Antiviral Agents; D007372:Interferons