title: Tissue Doppler imaging for detection of radial and longitudinal myocardial dysfunction in a family of cats affected by dystrophin-deficient hypertrophic muscular dystrophy.
abstract: Diagnosis of feline hypertrophic cardiomyopathy currently is based on the presence of myocardial hypertrophy detected using conventional echocardiography. The accuracy of tissue Doppler imaging (TDI) for earlier detection of the disease has never been described. The objective of this sudy was to quantify left ventricular free wall (LVFW) velocities in cats with hypertrophic muscular dystrophy (HFMD) during preclinical cardiomyopathy using TDI. The study animals included 22 healthy controls and 7 cats belonging to a family of cats with HFMD (2 affected adult males, 2 heterozygous adult females, one 2.5-month-old affected male kitten, and 2 phenotypically normal female kittens from the same litter). All cats were examined via conventional echocardiography and 2-dimensional color TDI. No LVFW hypertrophy was detected in the 2 carriers or in the affected kitten when using conventional echocardiography and histologic examination, respectively. The LVFW also was normal for 1 affected male and at the upper limit of normal for the 2nd male. Conversely, LVFW dysfunction was detected in all affected and carrier cats with HFMD when using TDI. TDI consistently detects LVFW dysfunction in cats with HFMD despite the absence of myocardial hypertrophy. Therefore, TDI appears more sensitive than conventional echocardiography in detecting regional myocardial abnormalities.
authors.affiliation: Cardiology Unit of Alfort, INSERM U660, National Veterinary School of Alfort, Maisons-Alfort, France. vchetboul@vet-alfort.fr
authors.forename: Valérie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Chetboul
authors.forename: Stephane
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Blot
authors.forename: Carolina Carlos
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Sampedrano
authors.forename: Jean-Laurent
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Thibaud
authors.forename: Nicolas
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Granger
authors.forename: Renaud
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tissier
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Bruneval
authors.forename: Frederic
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Gaschen
authors.forename: Vassiliki
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gouni
authors.forename: Audrey P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Nicolle
authors.forename: Jean-Louis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Pouchelon
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D009202:Cardiomyopathies / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000662:veterinary*; D002371:Cat Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D002415:Cats; D016189:Dystrophin / Q000172:deficiency*; D018618:Echocardiography, Doppler, Color / Q000662:veterinary; D005260:Female; D008297:Male; D009137:Muscular Dystrophy, Animal / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000503:physiopathology; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D018487:Ventricular Dysfunction, Left / Q000662:veterinary
chemical_list: D016189:Dystrophin