title: Profiling of functional phosphodiesterase in mesangial cells using a CRE-SEAP-based reporting system.
abstract: 1. Phosphodiesterases (PDEs) are critically implicated in the regulation of mesangial cell function, but profile of functional PDEs in mesangial cells is still unclear. In this study, we investigated roles of individual PDEs in the regulation of mesangial cell behavior by the cAMP pathway. 2. Reporter mesangial cells that express secreted alkaline phosphatase (SEAP) under the control of the cAMP response element (CRE) were exposed to selective PDE inhibitors in the presence or absence of cAMP, and activity of CRE, expression of CRE-regulated protein, mitogenesis and cell survival were examined. 3. Exposure of reporter cells to cAMP-elevating agents resulted in time- and concentration-dependent activation of CRE. Treatment of the cells with any PDE inhibitors alone did not induce CRE activation. Under stimulation with 8-bromo-cAMP or 8-bromo-cGMP, however, inhibitors of PDE2, PDE3, PDE4 and PDE5 enhanced activation of CRE. Inhibition of PDE1 or PDE6 did not affect the CRE activation. 4. Among different combinations tested, only inhibitors of PDE3 and PDE4 cooperatively increased the level of intracellular cAMP, activity of protein kinase A, activation of CRE, and CRE-regulated protein, connexin43. 5. Concomitant inhibition of PDE3 and PDE4 attenuated mitogen-induced activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinases and cell proliferation. Under serum deprivation, combinational inhibition of PDE3 and PDE4 exclusively caused activation of caspase-3 and apoptosis. 6. The present data elucidated that PDE3 and PDE4 play critical roles in the regulation of mesangial cell function. PDE3 and PDE4 were identified as the novel, antiapoptotic machinery that supports survival of mesangial cells.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Signaling, Interdisciplinary Graduate School of Medicine and Engineering, University of Yamanashi, Chuo, Yamanashi 409-3898, Japan.
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Jian
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yao
authors.forename: Yiman
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Meng
authors.forename: Ayumi
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kasai
authors.forename: Nobuhiko
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Hiramatsu
authors.forename: Kunihiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayakawa
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Miida
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Masahiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Masanori
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kitamura
mesh_terms: D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine / Q000494:pharmacology; D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases / Q000502:physiology*; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000235:genetics*; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis; D049109:Cell Proliferation; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000502:physiology*; D006152:Cyclic GMP / Q000502:physiology; D054677:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 1; D054684:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 3; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; D008297:Male; D050527:Mesangial Cells / Q000201:enzymology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D020218:Response Elements / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D000242:Cyclic AMP; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D015105:3',5'-Cyclic-AMP Phosphodiesterases; D054677:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 1; D054684:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 3; D054703:Cyclic Nucleotide Phosphodiesterases, Type 4; D006152:Cyclic GMP; D015056:1-Methyl-3-isobutylxanthine