title: Retrograde flow of spermatozoa into the urinary bladder of boars during collection of semen by electroejaculation.
abstract: Boars that had a catheter implanted in the urinary bladder (n = 11) were used to determine the magnitude of retrograde flow of spermatozoa into the urinary bladder during electroejaculation. The overall mean (+/- SD) number of spermatozoa in the electroejaculate of boars was 22 +/- 20 x 10(9), with a mean range for individual boars of 3 +/- 3 to 48 +/- 13 x 10(9). The overall mean adjusted total number of spermatozoa in the post-electroejaculation urine was 1.038 +/- 2.656 x 10(9), and the mean percentage of retrograde flow of spermatozoa into the urinary bladder among boars ranged from 0% to 32.69%, with an overall mean percentage of retrograde flow of 7.51 +/- 17.82%. These findings indicate that in boars electroejaculation is associated with retrograde flow of spermatozoa into the bladder.
authors.affiliation: Veterinary Medical Research Institute, Iowa State University, Ames, IA 50011, USA.
authors.forename: P A
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: M P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Dooley
authors.forename: F B
authors.initials: FB
authors.lastname: Hembrough
authors.forename: M H
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Pineda