title: Patient prosthesis mismatch affects short- and long-term outcomes after aortic valve replacement.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to evaluate the impact of patient prosthesis mismatch (PPM) and additional risk factors on outcome after aortic valve replacement (AVR).
  
  
  METHODS
  Four thousand one hundred and thirty-one patients who were operated between May 1996 and April 2004 were evaluated. One thousand eight hundred and fifty-six patients received bileaflet mechanical AVR and 2275 stented xenograft AVR. PPM was defined as severe if manufacturers effective orifice area (EOA) divided by body surface area (BSA) was <0.65 cm(2)/m(2) and as moderate in the range of 0.65-0.85 cm(2)/m(2). PPM, age, gender, EOA index, emergency indication for surgery (within 24h), EuroSCORE as well as requirement for additional procedures were tested. Univariate (Fisher's exact test) and multivariate logistic regression analysis as well as survival analysis (Kaplan-Meier) were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Severe PPM was present in 97 (2.4%) and moderate PPM in 1103 (26.7%) patients. PPM occurs more frequently with xenograft AVR. In-hospital mortality was 5.2% for severe, 10.6% for moderate and 6.9% with no PPM (p=0.018, OR 1.4). Moderate PPM was independently predictive for short- and long-term mortality. Further analysis revealed patient age >70 years (n=1589, p=0.002, OR 1.85), emergency indication (n=374, p<0.001, OR 4.4), EuroSCORE >10 (n=494, p<0.001, OR 4.7) and additional cardiac procedures (n=2049, p<0.001, OR 2.0) as predictors for adverse outcome after AVR.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Severe PPM is rare; moderate PPM is present in a quarter of patients. PPM has a significant impact on short- and long-term mortality after AVR.
authors.affiliation: Universität Leipzig, Herzzentrum, Klinik für Herzchirurgie, Strümpellstrasse 39, 04289 Leipzig, Germany. walt@medizin.uni-leipzig.de
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Walther
authors.forename: Ardawan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rastan
authors.forename: Volkmar
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Falk
authors.forename: Sven
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lehmann
authors.forename: Jens
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garbade
authors.forename: Anne K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Funkat
authors.forename: Friedrich W
authors.initials: FW
authors.lastname: Mohr
authors.forename: Jan F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Gummert
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D001021:Aortic Valve / Q000601:surgery*; D001830:Body Surface Area; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D006350:Heart Valve Prosthesis; D019918:Heart Valve Prosthesis Implantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D017755:Prosthesis Fitting / Q000009:adverse effects; D015607:Stents; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D016896:Treatment Outcome