title: Complex-1 activity and 18F-DOPA uptake in genetically engineered mouse model of Parkinson's disease and the neuroprotective role of coenzyme Q10.
abstract: Regional distribution of coenzyme Q10 and mitochondrial complex-1 activity were estimated in the brains of control-(C57BL/6), metallothionein knock out-, metallothionein transgenic-, and homozygous weaver mutant mice; and human dopaminergic (SK-N-SH) cells with a primary objective to determine the neuroprotective potential of coenzyme Q10 in Parkinson's disease. Complex-1 activity as well as coenzyme Q10 were significantly higher in the cerebral cortex as compared to the striatum in all the genotypes examined. Complex-1 activity and coenzyme Q10 were significantly reduced in weaver mutant mice and metallothionein knock out mice, but were significantly increased in metallothionein transgenic mice. The reduced complex-1 activity and 18F-DOPA uptake occurred concomitantly with negligible differences in the coenzyme Q10 between in the cerebral cortex and striatum of weaver mutant mice. Administration of coenzyme Q10 increased complex-1 activity and partially improved motoric performance in weaver mutant mice. Direct exposure of rotenone also reduced coenzyme Q10, complex-1 activity, and mitochondrial membrane potential in SK-N-SH cells. Rotenone-induced down-regulation of complex-1 activity was attenuated by coenzyme Q10 treatment, suggesting that complex-1 may be down regulated due to depletion of coenzyme Q10 in the brain. Therefore, metallothionein-induced coenzyme Q10 synthesis may provide neuroprotection by augmenting mitochondrial complex-1 activity in Parkinson's disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, University of North Dakota School of Medicine and Health Sciences, 501 North Columbia Road, Grand Forks, ND 58203, United States.
authors.forename: Sushil K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Sharma
authors.forename: Hesham
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: El Refaey
authors.forename: Manuchair
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ebadi
mesh_terms: D000704:Analysis of Variance; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D003067:Coenzymes; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D042967:Electron Transport Complex I / Q000378:metabolism*; D005462:Fluorine Radioisotopes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000235:genetics; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008818:Mice, Neurologic Mutants; D008822:Mice, Transgenic; D009447:Neuroblastoma; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000378:metabolism; D049268:Positron-Emission Tomography / Q000379:methods; D013223:Statistics as Topic; D014018:Tissue Distribution; D014451:Ubiquinone / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D003067:Coenzymes; D005462:Fluorine Radioisotopes; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D014451:Ubiquinone; D004295:Dihydroxyphenylalanine; D008668:Metallothionein; D042967:Electron Transport Complex I; C024989:coenzyme Q10