title: Novel transcripts of Nox1 are regulated by alternative promoters and expressed under phenotypic modulation of vascular smooth muscle cells.
abstract: NADPH oxidase is implicated in the pathogenesis of various cardiovascular disorders. In vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMC), expression of NOX1 (NADPH oxidase 1), a catalytic subunit of NADPH oxidase, is low and is induced upon stimulation by vasoactive factors, while it is abundantly expressed in colon epithelial cells. To clarify the regulatory mechanisms underlying such cell-specific expression, the upstream regions directing transcription of the NOX1 gene were explored. In P53LMACO1 cells, a cell line originated from mouse VSMCs, two novel Nox1 mRNA species, the c- and f-type, were isolated. These transcripts contained 5'-untranslated regions that differed from the colon type mRNA (a-type) and encoded an additional N-terminal peptide of 28 amino acids. When these transcripts were fused to the c-myc tag and expressed in human embryonic kidney 293 cells, a fraction of translated proteins demonstrated the size containing the additional peptide. Proteins encoded by the c- and f-type mRNAs exhibited superoxide-producing activities equivalent to the activity of the a-type form. The a-type mRNA was expressed in the colon and in the intact aorta, whereas the c-type mRNA was detected in the primary cultured VSMCs migrated from aortic explants, in vascular tissue of a wire-injury model and in the thoracic aorta of mice infused with angiotensin II. The promoter region of the c-type mRNA exhibited transcriptional activity in P53LMACO1 cells, but not in MCE301 cells, a mouse colon epithelial cell line. These results suggest that expression of the Nox1 gene is regulated by alternative promoters and that the novel c-type transcript is induced under phenotypic modulation of VSMCs.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, Kyoto Prefectural University of Medicine, Kyoto 602-8566, Japan.
authors.forename: Noriaki
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Arakawa
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Katsuyama
authors.forename: Kuniharu
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Matsuno
authors.forename: Norifumi
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Urao
authors.forename: Yoshiaki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tabuchi
authors.forename: Mitsuhiko
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okigaki
authors.forename: Hiroaki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Matsubara
authors.forename: Chihiro
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Yabe-Nishimura
mesh_terms: D000804:Angiotensin II / Q000235:genetics; D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005091:Exons / Q000235:genetics; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008810:Mice, Inbred C57BL; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000098:blood supply / Q000378:metabolism*; D032389:Myocytes, Smooth Muscle / Q000378:metabolism*; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000074624:NADPH Oxidase 1; D010641:Phenotype; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000235:genetics; D014158:Transcription, Genetic / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D012333:RNA, Messenger; D000804:Angiotensin II; D009247:NADH, NADPH Oxidoreductases; D000074624:NADPH Oxidase 1; C000614711:NOX1 protein, mouse