title: An axisymmetric and fully 3D poroelastic model for the evolution of hydrocephalus.
abstract: We formulate in general terms the equations for axisymmetric and fully 3D models of a hydrocephalic brain. The model is developed using small strain poroelasticity that includes non-linear permeability. The axisymmetric model is solved for four ventricle shapes, an ellipsoid, a 'peanut' shape, a 'cross' shape and a 'bone' shape. The distribution of fluid pressure, velocity and content in the deformed parenchyma for a blocked aqueduct provides new qualitative insight into hydrocepahlus. Some observations are offered for two forms of cerebrospinal fluid flow abnormality, normal pressure hydrocephalus and idiopathic intracranial hypertension. The model is extended to include a gravitational term in the governing equations and the effect of hydrostatic pressure variation is considered. Results of a fully 3D simulations are described for two horn-like lateral ventricles and one case with two lateral ventricles and a third ventricle.
authors.affiliation: Computing Laboratory, University of Oxford, Wolfson Building, Parks Road, Oxford OX1 3QD, UK.
authors.forename: Benedikt
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Wirth
authors.forename: Ian
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Sobey
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001921:Brain / Q000503:physiopathology*; D002535:Cerebral Aqueduct / Q000503:physiopathology; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000503:physiopathology; D015170:Cerebrospinal Fluid Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D003198:Computer Simulation; D006112:Gravitation; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006850:Hydrocephalus, Normal Pressure / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006874:Hydrostatic Pressure; D007427:Intracranial Pressure / Q000502:physiology; D008954:Models, Biological; D010539:Permeability; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology; D011559:Pseudotumor Cerebri / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D012212:Rheology