title: Sequence comparison of distal and proximal ribosomal DNA arrays in rice (Oryza sativa L.) chromosome 9S and analysis of their flanking regions.
abstract: Rice (Oryza sativa ssp. japonica cv. Nipponbare) harbors a ribosomal RNA gene (rDNA) cluster in the nucleolar-organizing region at the telomeric end of the short arm of chromosome 9. We isolated and sequenced two genomic clones carrying rice rDNA fragments from this region. The rice rDNA repeat units could be classified into three types based on length, which ranged from 7,928 to 8,934 bp. This variation was due to polymorphism in the number of 254-bp subrepeats in the intergenic spacer (IGS). Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) analysis suggested that the rDNA units in rice vary widely in length and that the copy number of the subrepeats in the IGS ranges from 1 to 12 in the rice genome. PCR and Southern blot analyses showed that most rDNA units have three intact and one truncated copies of the subrepeats in the IGS, and distal (telomere-side) rDNA units have more subrepeats than do proximal (centromere-side) ones. Both genomic clones we studied contained rDNA-flanking DNA sequences of either telomeric repeats (5'-TTTAGGG-3') or a chromosome-specific region, suggesting that they were derived from the distal or proximal end, respectively, of the rDNA cluster. A similarity search indicated that retrotransposons appeared more frequently in a 500-kb portion of the proximal rDNA-flanking region than in other subtelomeric regions or sequenced regions of the genome. This study reveals the repetitive nature of the telomeric end of the short arm of chromosome 9, which consists of telomeric repeats, an rDNA array, and a retrotransposon-rich chromosomal region.
authors.affiliation: Rice Genome Research Program, National Institute of Agrobiological Sciences/Institute of the Society for Techno-innovation of Agriculture, Forestry and Fisheries, Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8602, Japan.
authors.forename: Masaki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Fujisawa
authors.forename: Harumi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yamagata
authors.forename: Kozue
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Kamiya
authors.forename: Mari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Shoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Saji
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kanamori
authors.forename: Jianzhong
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Takashi
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Matsumoto
authors.forename: Takuji
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sasaki
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D032461:Chromosomes, Plant; D004275:DNA, Ribosomal / Q000737:chemistry*; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer / Q000737:chemistry; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D018626:Retroelements; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA
chemical_list: D004275:DNA, Ribosomal; D021903:DNA, Ribosomal Spacer; D018626:Retroelements