title: Ejaculation increases scrotal surface temperature in bulls with intact epididymides.
abstract: The objective of the study was to determine the effects of ejaculation on scrotal surface temperature (SST) measured with infrared thermography in bulls. In 18 Holstein bulls (18 mo old), sexual stimulation and spontaneous ejaculation (into an artificial vagina) increased SST at the bottom of the scrotum (0.9 degrees C; P < 0.0001). In 11 Angus bulls (1 yr old) electroejaculation increased both bottom and average SST (1.7 degrees C; P < 0.005 and 0.9 degrees C, P < 0.05), while in 12 Simmental cross bulls (2 yr old) electroejaculation significantly increased top, bottom and average SST (1.0, 1.2 and 1.1 degrees C, respectively). However, there was no significant increase in SST following electroejaculation in 15 Simmental cross bulls (2 yr old) with caudal epididectomies. The increase in SST was attributed to a localized increase in SST over the cauda epididymides, perhaps due to heat produced by contraction of the cauda epididymides during ejaculation. The results support the hypothesis that spontaneous ejaculation or electroejaculation increases SST and that this response is mediated by the cauda epididymides. Infrared thermography of the scrotum for evaluation of scrotal/testicular thermorégulation for clinical or research purposes should be performed before semen collection since thermography conducted soon after ejaculation may be misleading.
authors.affiliation: Research Centre, Agriculture and Agri-Food Canada, Lethbridge, Alberta, Canada.
authors.forename: J P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Kastelic
authors.forename: R B
authors.initials: RB
authors.lastname: Cook
authors.forename: G H
authors.initials: GH
authors.lastname: Coulter
authors.forename: R G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Saacke