title: Influence of inhaled nitric oxide on plasma nitrate concentrations in patients with adult respiratory distress syndrome and sepsis: results of a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To measure plasma nitrate concentrations after inhalation of nitric oxide for treatment of adult respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) and sepsis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective pilot study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Intensive care unit at a university-affiliated hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine consecutive medical intensive care unit patients with ARDS and sepsis.
  
  
  METHODS
  After diagnosis of ARDS, all patients received a balloon-tipped triple-lumen thermodilution pulmonary artery catheter (Baxter Healthcare Corp, Irvine, CA). Inhaled nitric oxide was initiated starting at a dose of one part per million and titrated according to the maximal achievable increase in arterial oxygenation. Hemodynamic measurements including intrapulmonary shunt fraction and blood as analyses were performed before nitric oxide application, as well as 1 and 24 hours after starting nitric oxide, respectively. Plasma samples for determination of nitrate were taken from the arterial line and from the pulmonary thermodilution catheter and analyzed using high-performance liquid chromatography.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eight of 9 patients were nitric oxide responders (intrapulmonary shunt decrease >5%). There was no statistically significant increase in nitrate plasma concentration measured both in peripheral arterial and in mixed venous blood with inhaled nitric oxide up to a concentration of 40 parts per million.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inhalation of nitric oxide in patients with ARDS and sepsis does not result in increased plasma nitrate concentrations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine I, Intensive Care Unit, Medical University of Vienna, Austria.
authors.forename: Wolfgang J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Köstler
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Rabitsch
authors.forename: Gottfried J
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Locker
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Staudinger
authors.forename: Ibrahim
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: El-Menyawi
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Frass
authors.forename: Heinz
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Burgmann
mesh_terms: D000280:Administration, Inhalation; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009566:Nitrates / Q000097:blood*; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000502:physiology*; D012128:Respiratory Distress Syndrome / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism; D018805:Sepsis / Q000097:blood* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D009566:Nitrates; D009569:Nitric Oxide