title: Effect of childhood dysfunctional voiding on urinary incontinence in adult women.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether a history of childhood dysfunctional voiding is associated with urinary incontinence in adulthood.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a case-control study, we surveyed patients presenting with or without urinary incontinence. Cases were patients referred to a tertiary urogynecology clinic, and controls were patients referred to a general gynecology clinic. Patients completed a validated childhood questionnaire about dysfunctional voiding. A total score of 6 or more in girls is indicative of dysfunctional voiding, a condition characterized by urgency, frequency, constipation, urinary or fecal incontinence, and/or urinary tract infections. Using an alpha of 0.05, a power of 80%, and a baseline prevalence of dysfunctional voiding of 8%, we determined that 170 patients were needed to show a 3-fold difference between groups.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cases (n = 84) and controls (n = 86) had similar baseline characteristics except for body mass index and incidence of previous pelvic surgery. Although the total dysfunctional voiding score was higher in cases than controls (7.3 versus 5.0, respectively; P = .001), the difference in the number (%) of patients with history of childhood dysfunctional voiding between the 2 groups was not significant (47 [56%] versus 36 [42%], respectively; odds ratio 1.76, 95% confidence interval 0.96-3.24; P = .07). When all patients from both groups were combined, there was a higher prevalence of a history of childhood dysfunctional voiding in women with or without current urinary frequency (P = .004), urgency (P = .03), stress incontinence (P = .01), and urge incontinence (P = .009).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Women with adult lower urinary tract symptoms may have a higher prevalence of history of childhood dysfunctional voiding.
  
  
  METHODS
  II-2.
authors.affiliation: Division of Urogynecology, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Geisinger Health System, Danville, Pennsylvania 17822, USA. vaminassian@geisinger.edu
authors.forename: Vatche A
authors.initials: VA
authors.lastname: Minassian
authors.forename: Danny
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Lovatsis
authors.forename: Dante
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pascali
authors.forename: May
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Alarab
authors.forename: Harold P
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Drutz
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014549:Urinary Incontinence / Q000453:epidemiology*; D014555:Urination Disorders / Q000453:epidemiology*