title: Intrauterine insemination of farmed fallow deer (Dama dama) with frozen-thawed semen via laparoscopy.
abstract: Estrus and ovulation of mature fallow does (n=155) on two North American farms were synchronized by intravaginal silastic devices containing 0.3 g progesterone (CIDR-type G) for 14 d. Each of 151 does received laparoscopic intrauterine inseminations of either 50x10(6) (n=125) or 25x10(6) (n=26) frozen-thawed spermatozoa, 65 to 68 h after CIDR device withdrawal. Four does received intrauterine inseminations per vaginam of 50x10(6) spermatozoa 68 to 69 hours after CIDR device withdrawal. Semen from crossbred Dama dama damaxDama dama mesopotamica sires was collected in New Zealand by electroejaculation. The overall pregnancy rate to artificial insemination, as assessed by rectal ultrasonography at Day 45, was 67.7%. The pregnancy rates for does receiving laparoscopic inseminations were 58.2% (Texas; 50x10(6) spermatozoa; n=79 does); 80.8% (Texas; 25x10(6) spermatozoa; n=26 does) and 76.1% (New York; 50x10(6) spermatozoa; n=46 does). Three of the four does receiving intrauterine inseminations per vaginam became pregnant to the frozen-thawed semen.
authors.affiliation: Ruakura Agricultural Center, Ministry of Agriculture and Fisheries, Private Bag, Hamilton, New Zealand.
authors.forename: G W
authors.initials: GW
authors.lastname: Asher
authors.forename: D C
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Kraemer
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Magyar
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Brunner
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Moerbe
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Giaquinto