Heat-induced antigen retrieval: what are we retrieving?
Of all molecular aspects lost and recovered during formalin fixation and antigen retrieval, respectively, electrostatic charges have probably received the least attention. This review will focus on our work during the past 7 years. It strongly supports the tenet that electrostatic charges, i.e., net negative on antigens and net positive on antibodies, play an important part in immune reactions and therefore should be given greater attention when focusing on quality control in immunohistochemistry.
Boenisch
Thomas
T
DakoCytomation R/D, 6392 Via Real, Carpinteria, CA 93013, USA. tom.boenisch@dakocytomation.com
D000906:Antibodies / Q000737:chemistry*; D000941:Antigens / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000276:immunology; D004560:Electricity; D000939:Epitopes; D005404:Fixatives; D005557:Formaldehyde; D006801:Humans; D057927:Hydrophobic and Hydrophilic Interactions; D007150:Immunohistochemistry / Q000379:methods* / Q000592:standards; D011786:Quality Control; D016707:Tissue Fixation
D000906:Antibodies; D000941:Antigens; D000939:Epitopes; D005404:Fixatives; D005557:Formaldehyde