title: Effect of desiccation and temperature during laparoscopy on adhesion formation in mice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effects of desiccation (without cooling) and of oversaturation of the pneumoperitoneum on adhesion formation.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective randomized trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Academic research center.
  
  
  METHODS
  BALB/c and NMRI female mice.
  
  
  METHODS
  The effect of desiccation using nonhumidified CO(2) on adhesion formation was evaluated in a laparoscopic mouse model. Body temperature (BT) was maintained at 37 degrees C using a homeothermic blanket. In addition to controls without desiccation, the effect of both hypothermia and desiccation on adhesion formation was evaluated. Subsequently the effect of oversaturating the pneumoperitoneum using a high energy gas to avoid any desiccation was studied.
  
  
  METHODS
  During surgery BT, pneumoperitoneum temperature, and relative humidity were monitored. Adhesions were scored after 7 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Adhesions increased with increasing levels of desiccation when BT was kept at 37 degrees C. This was prevented with humidified gas. If BT decreased, adhesions were fewer. Oversaturating the pneumoperitoneum increased adhesions due to high energy gas causing an increase in both BT and pneumoperitoneum temperature.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adhesions increase with desiccation and decrease when BT is reduced. Adhesions are minimized when humidified gas is used. Since desiccation is associated with cooling, its effect is generally underestimated because of the counterbalance with cooling. The concept of combining controlled intraperitoneal cooling with a rigorous prevention of desiccation might be important for clinical adhesion prevention.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University Hospital Gasthuisberg, Katholieke Universiteit Leuven, Leuven, Belgium. MariaMercedes.Binda@uz.kuleuven.ac.be
authors.forename: Maria Mercedes
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Binda
authors.forename: Carlos Roger
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Molinas
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hansen
authors.forename: Philippe Robert
authors.initials: PR
authors.lastname: Koninckx
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003890:Desiccation / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006358:Hot Temperature / Q000009:adverse effects; D010535:Laparoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010532:Peritoneal Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*; D011028:Pneumoperitoneum, Artificial / Q000009:adverse effects*; D013696:Temperature; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014591:Uterine Diseases / Q000209:etiology* / Q000473:pathology*