The Nogo receptor complex: confining molecules to molecular mechanisms.
Myelin inhibitory ligands of the Nogo-66 receptor (NgR1) limit axon regeneration in the adult CNS. Recent findings have identified additional co-receptors (functional homologues) of the trimeric NgR1 complex, post-translational modifications of the co-receptors within the cell membrane and novel Ca(2+)-dependent cytoplasmic-protein phosphorylation mechanisms. Such unique signalling pathways provide the potential to transduce myelin-derived growth inhibitory signals to the axonal cytoskeleton, and have been areas of intense investigation in recent years. Here, we summarize current understanding of the molecular basis of myelin-derived axon-growth inhibition in the CNS.
Schwab
Jan M
JM
CNRS 7102, Equipe Développement Neuronal, Université Pierre et Marie Curie, 75005 Paris, France. Jschwab@zeus.bwh.harvard.edu
Tuli
Sagun K
SK
Failli
Vieri
V
D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; D000818:Animals; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases; D001369:Axons / Q000737:chemistry / Q000502:physiology*; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000378:metabolism; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism; D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009185:Myelin Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009186:Myelin Sheath / Q000378:metabolism*; D009416:Nerve Regeneration; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D000070816:Nogo Receptor 1; D000070817:Nogo Receptor 2; D000070156:Nogo Receptors; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface / Q000378:metabolism*; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor / Q000378:metabolism; D015290:Second Messenger Systems; D015398:Signal Transduction
D058851:GPI-Linked Proteins; C482293:LINGO1 protein, human; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D009185:Myelin Proteins; C484065:NGFR protein, human; D009419:Nerve Tissue Proteins; D000070816:Nogo Receptor 1; D000070817:Nogo Receptor 2; D000070156:Nogo Receptors; C486580:RTN4R protein, human; C474328:RTN4RL1 protein, human; C474327:RTN4RL2 protein, human; D011956:Receptors, Cell Surface; D017475:Receptors, Nerve Growth Factor; D018124:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor; C411850:TNFRSF19 protein, human; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; D010450:Endopeptidases; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases; C509280:BACE1 protein, human