Global analysis of protein palmitoylation in yeast.
Protein palmitoylation is a reversible lipid modification that regulates membrane tethering for key proteins in cell signaling, cancer, neuronal transmission, and membrane trafficking. Palmitoylation has proven to be a difficult study: Specifying consensuses for predicting palmitoylation remain unavailable, and first-example palmitoylation enzymes--i.e., protein acyltransferases (PATs)--were identified only recently. Here, we use a new proteomic methodology that purifies and identifies palmitoylated proteins to characterize the palmitoyl proteome of the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Thirty-five new palmitoyl proteins are identified, including many SNARE proteins and amino acid permeases as well as many other participants in cellular signaling and membrane trafficking. Analysis of mutant yeast strains defective for members of the DHHC protein family, a putative PAT family, allows a matching of substrate palmitoyl proteins to modifying PATs and reveals the DHHC family to be a family of diverse PAT specificities responsible for most of the palmitoylation within the cell.
Roth
Amy F
AF
Department of Pharmacology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, Detroit, MI 48201, USA.
Wan
Junmei
J
Bailey
Aaron O
AO
Sun
Beimeng
B
Kuchar
Jason A
JA
Green
William N
WN
Phinney
Brett S
BS
Yates
John R
JR
Davis
Nicholas G
NG
D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000378:metabolism*; D000217:Acyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D019308:Palmitic Acid / Q000378:metabolism*; D011499:Protein Processing, Post-Translational / Q000502:physiology; D020543:Proteome / Q000378:metabolism*; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology
D020543:Proteome; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D019308:Palmitic Acid; D000217:Acyltransferases; C511958:Pfa4 protein, S cerevisiae; D000123:Acetyltransferases; C062782:protein acyltransferase