title: NMR metabolomics to revisit the tobacco mosaic virus infection in Nicotiana tabacum leaves.
abstract: Tobacco mosaic virus (TMV) infection of tobacco is a well-known and extensively studied model system for which a number of genes and proteins involved in the systemic acquired resistance (SAR) have been characterized. Little is known about the metabolic changes connected with the infection and SAR. Here we describe the use of NMR spectroscopy in combination with multivariate data analysis to study the metabolic changes. Particularly 2-D NMR methods, such as 2-D J-resolved spectra and their projected spectra, are shown to be powerful tools in the metabolomic studies. The macroscopic view of the metabolomes obtained by NMR spectroscopy of crude extracts enabled the identification of a series of totally different metabolites that seem connected with resistance, such as the clearly increased 5-caffeoylquinic acid, alpha-linolenic acid analogues, and sesqui- and diterpenoids in the infected plant parts.
authors.affiliation: Division of Pharmacognosy, Section Metabolomics, Institute of Biology, Leiden University, P.O. Box 9502, 2300 RA Leiden, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Young Hae
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Choi
authors.forename: Hye Kyong
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Huub J M
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Linthorst
authors.forename: Johan G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Hollander
authors.forename: Alfons W M
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Lefeber
authors.forename: Cornelis
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Erkelens
authors.forename: Jean-Marc
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Nuzillard
authors.forename: Robert
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Verpoorte
mesh_terms: D002109:Caffeic Acids / Q000378:metabolism; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D008954:Models, Biological; D015394:Molecular Structure; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular; D010935:Plant Diseases / Q000821:virology*; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D011801:Quinic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000378:metabolism; D013729:Terpenes / Q000378:metabolism; D014026:Nicotiana / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000821:virology*; D014027:Tobacco Mosaic Virus / Q000472:pathogenicity*; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D002109:Caffeic Acids; D002726:Chlorogenic Acid; D011801:Quinic Acid; D013729:Terpenes; D017962:alpha-Linolenic Acid; C473200:5-caffeoylquinic acid