title: Frequency of NSAID induced peptic ulcer disease.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the frequency of peptic ulcer disease in patients on nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAID).
  
  
  METHODS
  Record of eight hundred and twenty consecutive patients undergoing upper gastrointestinal (GI) endoscopy; from January 1998 to December 2000 were reviewed. The endoscopic diagnosis varied from gastritis, peptic ulcer to duodenitis. The use of NSAID was documented by reviewing medical records of patients with peptic ulcer.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Peptic ulcers were found in 43% (353/820) patients. NSAID associated peptic ulcers were identified in 14.7% (52/353) patients. Diclofenac and aspirin were most common NSAIDs associated with peptic ulcers in 32.7% (17/52) and 30.7% (16/52) patients, respectively. Duodenal ulcer was more common than gastric ulcer 65.3% (34/52) and 42.3% (22/52), respectively. H. pylori infection was present in 46% (24/52) of the cases. NSAIDs treatment and / or H. pylori infection compared to non NSAIDs and non H. pylori infected peptic ulcer disease were significantly associated with gastric ulcer (p = 0.004) and duodenal ulcer (p = 0.009) respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  NSAID-associated peptic ulcer disease is common in Pakistan and most frequently associated with gastric and duodenal ulcer. H. pylori infection is common in association with NSAID related peptic ulcers.
authors.affiliation: Section of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Aga Khan University Hospital, Karachi, Pakistan.
authors.forename: Saeed
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hamid
authors.forename: Javed
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Yakoob
authors.forename: Wasim
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Jafri
authors.forename: Shanul
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Islam
authors.forename: Shahab
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Abid
authors.forename: Muhammad
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Islam
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001241:Aspirin / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000633:toxicity; D004008:Diclofenac / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000150:complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D016480:Helicobacter pylori; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010154:Pakistan; D010437:Peptic Ulcer / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D018570:Risk Assessment; D012307:Risk Factors
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D004008:Diclofenac; D001241:Aspirin