title: Feeding high-moisture corn instead of dry-rolled corn reduces odorous compound production in manure of finishing beef cattle without decreasing performance.
abstract: We hypothesized that feeding steers ground high-moisture ensiled corn (HMC) in lieu of dry-rolled corn (DRC) would reduce the amount of starch being excreted in the manure and the associated odorous compound production. One hundred forty-eight crossbred steers (363 +/- 33 kg of BW) were fed a DRC-or HMC-based diet in a feeding trial, and 8 Charolais-sired steers (447 +/- 22 kg of BW) were used in a nutrient balance study. Steers fed HMC tended to have a slightly lower DMI (P = 0.09), ADG (P = 0.06), and yield grade, but G:F, final HCW, and quality grade did not differ (P > or = 0.23) between treatments. Compared with feeding DRC, feeding HMC decreased (P = 0.02) starch intake from 5,407 to 4,846 g/d, decreased (P < 0.01) fecal excretion of starch from 448 to 292 g/d, and increased (P = 0.03) starch digestibility from 91.7 to 94.1%. Nitrogen intake was greater (P < 0.01) for steers fed DRC than HMC in both studies, but N retention did not differ (P = 0.55). Heat production and energy retention did not differ between the 2 treatments (P > or = 0.55). In manure slurries incubated for 35 d with soil and water, total VFA concentration was lower (P < 0.01) in manure from steers fed HMC (1,625 micromol/g of DM) compared with steers fed DRC (3,041 micromol/g of DM). Lower initial (d 0) starch concentrations and greater initial pH was also observed in the slurries from the HMC manure. By d 3 of slurry incubation, there was an increase (P < 0.01) in free glucose and l-lactic acid in the DRC slurries but not in the HMC slurries. During manure incubation, alcohol and VFA content increased (P < 0.01) and pH declined, but to a lesser extent (P < 0.01) in the HMC slurries. However, branched-chain VFA increased more (P < 0.01) in the HMC slurries than in the DRC slurries. These data suggest that feeding HMC instead of DRC decreased fecal starch and production of some potentially odorous compounds in a finishing cattle system but had little impact on animal productivity.
authors.affiliation: USDA-ARS, US Meat Animal Research Center, Clay Center, NE 68933-0166, USA.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Archibeque
authors.forename: D N
authors.initials: DN
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: H C
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Freetly
authors.forename: C L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Ferrell
mesh_terms: D000821:Animal Feed; D000824:Animal Nutritional Physiological Phenomena; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000378:metabolism*; D004032:Diet / Q000662:veterinary*; D005243:Feces / Q000737:chemistry*; D009812:Odorants; D012987:Soil; D014867:Water / Q000032:analysis* / Q000494:pharmacology; D003313:Zea mays / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D012987:Soil; D014867:Water