title: Regulatory mechanisms and functions of MAP kinase signaling pathways.
abstract: Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways play central roles in controlling diverse cellular functions. They are finely regulated by several mechanisms, including scaffolding of their components, and phosphorylation/dephosphorylation and compartmentalization of MAPKs. A number of molecules have been identified as regulators involved in these mechanisms. They modulate the magnitude and the specificity of MAPK signaling, and thereby regulate the wide variety of signaling outputs. Recent studies have identified novel functions of the MAPK signaling pathways. It is becoming clear that strict regulation of the MAPK pathways underlies their manifold functions in numerous biological processes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cell and Developmental Biology, Graduate School of Biostudies, Kyoto University, Sakyo-ku, Kyoto, 606-8502, Japan.
authors.forename: Masamichi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imajo
authors.forename: Yoshiki
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tsuchiya
authors.forename: Eisuke
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Nishida
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D006801:Humans; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000502:physiology*; D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D020928:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases