title: Novel injectable calcium phosphate/chitosan composites for bone substitute materials.
abstract: In this study, a novel injectable bone substitute material was developed which consists of chitosan, citric acid and glucose solution as the liquid phase, and tricalcium phosphate powder as the solid phase. This material was moldable because of its paste consistency after mixing. We used four groups of cement to investigate the mechanical properties and biocompatibility of the new biomaterial in vitro, which were named group A (10% citric acid), B (15% citric acid), C (20% citric acid) and D (25% citric acid). The setting times of the cements were 5-30 min. X-ray diffraction analysis showed that the products were hydroxyapatite (HA) and dicalcium phosphate anhydrous. When the concentration of citric acid was increased, the compressive strength of specimen increased. Through the simulated body fluid test, we observed the material was bioactive. Group D could induce Ca and P ions to deposit the surface group D quickly. These results indicated that the concentration of citric acid in the liquid component affected the mechanical properties and bioactivity of cements. The cell cultivation test showed that the cytocompatibility of the new biomaterial was good. The method for preparing the novel bone substitute material is simple. The starting material is more readily available and cheaper than HA, poly(methyl methacrylate), and so on. The cement could have good prospects for medical application.
authors.affiliation: Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: Hua
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Wenjun
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Cheng
authors.forename: Yuan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Minying
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhu
authors.forename: Changren
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Zhou
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D001854:Bone Marrow Cells / Q000166:cytology; D018786:Bone Substitutes / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D048271:Chitosan / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry*; D019343:Citric Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage; D019245:Compressive Strength; D006041:Goats; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D007267:Injections; D008422:Materials Testing; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning
chemical_list: D018786:Bone Substitutes; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D019343:Citric Acid; D048271:Chitosan; C020243:calcium phosphate