The effect of different fluoridation methods on the red wine staining potential on intensively bleached enamel in vitro.
OBJECTIVE
To study the effect in vitro of different fluoridation methods after intensive bleaching on the color of enamel slabs during a severe staining challenge with red wine.


METHODS
75 specimens were equally divided among five groups. Group 1 (no bleaching, no wine) served as control. Groups 2, 3 and 4 underwent bleaching with 35 % H2O2 for 10 minutes followed by home-bleaching for 8 hours/day with 10% carbamide peroxide on 14 consecutive days. Groups 2 and 3 were fluoridated for 1 hour with either Elmex gelée or Duraphat, respectively whereas Group 4 remained without fluoridation. Group 5 (no bleaching, no fluoride, wine) served as control for the influence of red wine on the color of untreated enamel. Color determination was accomplished using the CIE-Lab System.


RESULTS
Nine successive cycles of wine saliva treatment (10 minutes wine, 23 hours 50 minutes saliva) for Groups 2-5 revealed the highest changes of a-values (deltaa= 4.17) (towards red) for the Duraphat-treated group (bleaching, Duraphat, wine) with significantly higher deltaa-values compared with Group 4 (bleaching, no fluoride, wine) (deltaa= 2.97). After final cleaning no differences were found between the three bleached groups (Groups 2, 3 and 4) for deltaL, deltaa, deltab and deltaE, respectively. Exposure to red wine led to an increase in a-values (deltaa= 0.44) of the intrinsic tooth color in Group 5 (no bleaching, no fluoride, wine) that was significantly different from baseline.
Ley
Matthias
M
Department of Operative Dentistry and Endodontics, Charité University Medicine CVK, Berlin, Germany. m.ley@web.de
Wagner
Thomas
T
Bizhang
Mozhgan
M
D000588:Amines / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; D003124:Colorimetry; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects; D003959:Diamines; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005459:Fluorides / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005460:Fluorides, Topical / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D006801:Humans; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000009:adverse effects; D008963:Molar; D016877:Oxidants / Q000009:adverse effects; D010545:Peroxides / Q000009:adverse effects; D012969:Sodium Fluoride / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D014073:Tooth Bleaching / Q000009:adverse effects*; D014075:Tooth Discoloration / Q000139:chemically induced* / Q000517:prevention & control*; D014089:Tooth Remineralization; D014508:Urea / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000031:analogs & derivatives; D014920:Wine / Q000009:adverse effects*
D000588:Amines; D003959:Diamines; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005460:Fluorides, Topical; D016877:Oxidants; D010545:Peroxides; C023807:sodium fluoride topical preparation; D000077463:Carbamide Peroxide; C495399:Olaflur; D014508:Urea; D012969:Sodium Fluoride; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D005459:Fluorides