[Epidemiology of HIV infection in the world and in France].
All continents are affected by HIV at various degrees and the situation of Africa is certainly one of the most serious with HIV prevalence over 20% in Austral Africa, and accounting for half of all HIV cases in the world. Eastern Europe has been recently affected by HIV mainly among IDU. In Asia, the spread of epidemic on general population follows HIV transmission linked to drug use and commercial sex. Similar trends have been observed in Western Europe: relapse of safer sex among men wich have sex with men (MSM) with new HIV contamination, decrease of HIV transmission among drug users and increase of new HIV diagnosis among heterosexuals originating from countries with high prevalence of HIV/AIDS, notably sub-Saharan Africa. Since the introduction of potent anti-retroviral agents in 1996, the numbers of AIDS cases and mortality due to AIDS have sharply decreased in Western Europe. The number of new HIV diagnosis in 2004 is around 7 000 cases in France. The two mostly affected populations in 2003-2004 are homosexuals and sub-Saharan Africans. The harm reduction policies conducted has markedly reduced HIV transmission among injecting drug users.
Semaille
Caroline
C
Unité VIH/sida-IST-VHC, Institut de veille sanitaire, 94415 Saint-Maurice Cedex. c.semaille@invs.sante.fr
Lot
Florence
F
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D005260:Female; D005602:France / Q000453:epidemiology; D014943:Global Health; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006679:HIV Seropositivity / Q000453:epidemiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015995:Prevalence; D012307:Risk Factors