title: Cogwheel phase cycling in common triple resonance NMR experiments for the liquid phase.
abstract: We demonstrate that cogwheel phase cycling, which was previously only used in solid state NMR, can be applied to optimize the efficiency of commonly used pulse sequences in multiple resonance liquid-state biomolecular NMR. In favorable cases the required minimum number of scans can be reduced by more than 80% as compared to a corresponding sequence with nested phase cycles. Since cogwheel phase cycling procedures can be designed for a range of scan numbers, and can be combined with pulsed field gradients, the total experiment time can be adjusted closely to the required signal-to-noise ratio with minimal overhead. Examples are shown for 3D-TROSY-HNCO, 3D-TROSY-HNCACO, and 3D-HACACO experiments on diamagnetic and paramagnetic proteins.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Organic Chemistry, Johannes Kepler University, Altenbergerstrasse 69, A-4040 Linz, Austria.
authors.forename: Gerhard
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Zuckerstätter
authors.forename: Norbert
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Müller
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D019906:Nuclear Magnetic Resonance, Biomolecular / Q000379:methods*; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D025801:Ubiquitin / Q000737:chemistry*
chemical_list: D002247:Carbon Isotopes; D009587:Nitrogen Isotopes; D025801:Ubiquitin