title: [Detection of expression of p53, p16, and cyclooxygenase 2 in pancreatic cancer by tissue microarray and correlation among these three genes].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To detect the expression of tumor suppressor protein p53, cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitor p16, and cyclooxygenase 2 (COX-2) in pancreatic cancer by tissue microarray and investigate the correlation among these three genes.
  
  
  METHODS
  104 specimens of tissues, including pancreatic cancer tissue, non-cancer tissues not more than 1.5 cm from the cancer, and normal tissues, underwent microarray examination and immunohistochemistry to detect the expression of p53, p16, and COX-2. The correlation among these 3 genes was analyzed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  p53, p16, and COX-2 were all significantly highly expressed in the cancerous tissues in comparison with other tissues. P53 and p16 were both significantly correlated with COX-2 (both P < 0.05), however, there was not a correlation between p53 and p16 (P > 0.05). There was a reciprocal relationship between p53 and COX-2 (P < 0.05, OR = 19.686) influencing the pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Tissue microarray technique is effective method to detect multiple gene protein expression. Pathogenesis of pancreatic cancer is associated with p53, p16, and COX-2.
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital of Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310003, China.
authors.forename: You-ming
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhao-hui
authors.initials: ZH
authors.lastname: Yu
authors.forename: Lan
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Ping
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Lin
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Bao-feng
authors.initials: BF
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Jing
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fang
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Ying
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Hu
authors.forename: Heng-jun
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Gao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002648:Child; D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D046888:Tissue Array Analysis; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53 / Q000096:biosynthesis*
chemical_list: D019941:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p16; D016159:Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; C496540:PTGS2 protein, human