title: Incidence of infections of ventricular reservoirs in the treatment of post-haemorrhagic ventricular dilatation: a retrospective study (1992-2003).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Since 1992, infants with progressive posthaemorrhagic ventricular dilatation (PHVD) have been treated in the Neonatal Intensive Care Unit, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, Utrecht, The Netherlands, with a ventricular reservoir.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To retrospectively study the incidence of infection using this invasive procedure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Between January 1992 and December 2003, 76 preterm infants were treated with a ventricular reservoir. Infants admitted during two subsequent periods were analysed: group 1 included infants admitted during 1992-7 (n = 26) and group 2 those admitted during 1998-2003 (n = 50). Clinical characteristics and number of reservoir punctures were evaluated. The incidence of complications over time was assessed, with a focus on the occurrence of infection of the reservoir.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The number of punctures did not change during both periods. Infection was significantly less common during the second period (4% (2/50) v 19.2% (5/26), p = 0.029).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The use of a ventricular reservoir is a safe treatment to ensure adequate removal of cerebrospinal fluid in preterm infants with PHVD. In experienced hands, the incidence of infection of the ventricular reservoir or major complications remains within acceptable limits.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neonatology, Wilhelmina Children's Hospital, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: A J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Brouwer
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Groenendaal
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: van den Hoogen
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Verboon-Maciolek
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hanlo
authors.forename: K J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Rademaker
authors.forename: L S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: de Vries
mesh_terms: D002494:Central Nervous System Infections / Q000209:etiology*; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000150:complications*; D002552:Cerebral Ventricles / Q000473:pathology*; D002557:Cerebrospinal Fluid Shunts / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000295:instrumentation; D004108:Dilatation, Pathologic / Q000601:surgery; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D015931:Intensive Care, Neonatal / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology*; D011677:Punctures; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D017287:Ventriculoperitoneal Shunt