title: Formulation and statistical optimization of novel double-incorporated PLA-PLGA microparticles within an alginate-pectinate platform for the delivery of nicotine.
abstract: The application of nicotine in the research phase of Alzheimer's disease (AD) treatment has shown promise. The present study was aimed at understanding the incorporation of nicotine into poly-lactic acid (PLA) and poly(D,L-lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) microparticles which were then re-incorporated into a cross-linked zinc-alginate-pectinate polyspheric multi-particulate system to be employed as a possible brain implant for the treatment of AD. The Box-Behnken design was employed to prepare 15 PLA-PLGA formulations, which were tested for their drug incorporation efficiency and release potential and subsequently optimized using multiple regression and an artificial neural network generalized feed-forward model. Based on the rapid burst effect from the microparticles, further incorporation was conducted in a zinc-alginate-pectinate system using ionotropic gelation. Although double incorporation continued to provide a burst effect, this was followed by a lag period for 7 days and a second phase of drug release.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of the Witwatersrand, Parktown, South Africa.
authors.forename: Neha
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Singh
authors.forename: Fehmeeda
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Seedat
authors.forename: Viness
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Pillay
authors.forename: Joe L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Sweet
authors.forename: Michael P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Danckwerts
mesh_terms: D000464:Alginates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure; D000465:Algorithms; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers; D004339:Drug Compounding; D016503:Drug Delivery Systems; D020723:Glucuronic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D006603:Hexuronic Acids / Q000737:chemistry; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D008863:Microspheres; D009538:Nicotine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000378:metabolism; D010316:Particle Size; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry*; D012044:Regression Analysis
chemical_list: D000464:Alginates; D003432:Cross-Linking Reagents; D003692:Delayed-Action Preparations; D004337:Drug Carriers; D006603:Hexuronic Acids; D011108:Polymers; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D009538:Nicotine; D020723:Glucuronic Acid