title: Biopsy vs. superficial scraping: detection of human papillomavirus 6, 11, 16, and 18 in potentially malignant and malignant oral lesions.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several epidemiologic studies have shown a broad variation in the prevalence of human papillomavirus (HPV) in oral precancerous tissues and oral carcinomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Biopsies and superficial scrapes of lesions, clinically suspected of HPV infection, were taken from patients with potentially malignant and malignant oral lesions, and subject to HPV DNA detection by PCR-Southern blot analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From 22 patients with potentially malignant and malignant lesions analyzed, 41% of the biopsies were HPV DNA positive, whereas 95-100% of the superficial scrapes were positive (McNemar, P < 0.0001). Clinical presumption of HPV infection detected 67% (P < 0.0001) of the HPV DNA positive cases compared with 48% (P < 0.0001) determined by cytology and histopathology. The prevalence of HPV 6, 11, 16 and 18 in the oral mucosa was studied in 59 individuals. While 9% of normal controls were HPV DNA positive, 100% of the patients with potentially malignant and malignant lesions were HPV DNA positive, and the prevailing genotype was HPV 16 followed by HPV 18.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The higher HPV DNA detection rate in superficial oral scrapes than in biopsies suggests that accurate epidemiological information on oral HPV infection/oral carcinogenesis depends not only on the DNA detection technique, but also on the tissue/cell sampling procedure.
authors.affiliation: Molecular Biology Laboratory, CEPROCOR-Science Córdoba Agency, Complejo Hospitalario Santa María de Punilla, (5164) Santa María de Punilla, Córdoba, Argentina.
authors.forename: V E
authors.initials: VE
authors.lastname: Furrer
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Benitez
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Furnes
authors.forename: H E
authors.initials: HE
authors.lastname: Lanfranchi
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Modesti
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001706:Biopsy; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology*; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003581:Cytodiagnosis / Q000379:methods; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000032:analysis; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D007972:Leukoplakia, Oral / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology; D017676:Lichen Planus, Oral / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009062:Mouth Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology*; D027383:Papillomaviridae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D030361:Papillomavirus Infections / Q000175:diagnosis; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011230:Precancerous Conditions / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000821:virology*; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D004279:DNA, Viral