title: Biological and environmental factors affecting ultrasound-induced hemolysis in vitro: 5. Temperature.
abstract: This research project tested the hypothesis that cold-equilibrated (approximately 0 degrees C) human erythrocytes in vitro in the presence of an ultrasound contrast agent (Albunex) will undergo greater ultrasound-induced hemolysis than physiologically equilibrated (37 degrees C) human erythrocytes in vitro because of a temperature-related transition in membrane fluidity leading to increased fragility. First, it was shown that cold-equilibrated erythrocytes are more susceptible to mechanically induced hemolysis than physiologically equilibrated erythrocytes. Second, when adjustments were made for (1) temperature-dependent efficiencies of a 1-MHz transducer (200 micros pulse length, 20 ms interpulse interval, 30 s exposure duration) such that when cold or physiological temperatures were employed, there were equivalent acoustic outputs in terms of peak negative pressure (MPa P-) and (2) comparable viscosities of the 0 and 37 degrees C blood plasmas, the cold (approximately 0 degrees C) erythrocytes displayed substantially greater amounts of ultrasound-induced hemolysis than the physiological (37 degrees C) erythrocytes. The data supported the hypothesis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Rochester, Rochester, NY, USA. Morton_Miller@urmc.rochester.edu
authors.forename: Morton W
authors.initials: MW
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Charles C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Church
authors.forename: Cecille
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Labuda
authors.forename: Salvatore
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Mazza
authors.forename: Jason
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Raymond
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001809:Blood Viscosity; D004910:Erythrocyte Membrane / Q000502:physiology; D006461:Hemolysis; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D010313:Partial Pressure; D013696:Temperature; D014159:Transducers; D014463:Ultrasonography
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen