title: Trisection of forces: gender, religion and the state--the case of state-run religious schools in Israel.
abstract: This article discusses the theoretical claims that 'gender', 'religion' and 'state' are not universal nor essentialist entities, but rather contingent phenomena embedded in time, place, and changing historical circumstances. Historical analysis of social processes reveals the complex relations between the three categories, as they individually and as a whole are re/constituted as changing co-tangential and often unpredictable phenomena. One case study presented in this article that of state-run religious schools in Israel demonstrates how state, religion and gender intersect. Through the analysis presented here, we see examples of the permeable boundaries between these social categories as well as the inter-relationships and unintended consequences of the interplay between the three. Paradoxically, graduates of these schools, especially women, have evolved from being members of a marginalized - even ignored - social category, to being active participants in the religious and political life of their community and in the political struggle over state policy regarding the future of the Jewish settlements in the West Bank.
authors.affiliation: Dept. of Sociology and Anthropology, Tel Aviv University, Israel. hherzog@post.tau.ac.il
authors.forename: Hanna
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Herzog
mesh_terms: D000124:Achievement; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001240:Aspirations, Psychological; D002648:Child; D005260:Female; D005380:Financing, Government; D005783:Gender Identity; D006801:Humans; D007557:Israel; D007599:Judaism; D008297:Male; D008877:Middle East; D011057:Politics; D011640:Public Policy; D012069:Religion and Psychology; D012071:Religion and Sex; D012574:Schools / Q000191:economics*; D012931:Social Environment; D012941:Social Responsibility; D012945:Social Values; D012951:Socialization; D014933:Women's Rights