title: Immune responses of liver-infiltrating lymphocytes and peripheral blood mononuclear cells to hepatitis C virus core and NS3 antigens.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Th1/Th2 cytokine balance is thought to play an important role in antiviral immunity and pathogenesis in viral infection. Ex vivo hepatitis C virus (HCV) antigen-specific T-cell responses were investigated.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using enzyme-linked immunospot assay, HCV core and NS3 antigen-specific interferon-gamma-, interleukin-4- and interleukin-10-secreting cells were enumerated in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from 30 chronic hepatitis C patients and 16 healthy controls, and in liver-infiltrating lymphocytes (LILs) from 17 of the 30 patients.
  
  
  RESULTS
  IFN-gamma- and IL-10-secreting cells in response to stimulation with HCV core and NS3 antigen were detectable in both PBMCs and LILs from patients with chronic hepatitis C, although frequencies of the cytokine-secreting cells were much higher in LILs than PBMCs. They were not detectable in PBMCs of healthy controls except for IL-10-secreting cells in response to HCV NS3 antigen stimulation. IL-4-secreting cells were hardly detectable in both PBMC and LIL in both the patients and the healthy controls. Frequencies of HCV NS3 antigen-specific IFN-gamma- and IL-10-secreting cells in PBMCs correlated with those in LILs (rho=0.599, p=0.044 and rho=0.716, p=0.004, respectively).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data provide further evidence of the immunomodulatory role of the CD4(+)CD25(+) regulatory T lymphocytes in chronic HCV infection.
authors.affiliation: Division of Gastroenterology, Omiya Medical Center, Jichi Medical School, Japan.
authors.forename: Morihiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tajimi
authors.forename: Takuhiro
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ugajin
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ota
authors.forename: Kazumasa
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hiroishi
authors.forename: Ikuo
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Nakamura
authors.forename: Michio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Imawari