title: Short-term triple therapy with aspirin, warfarin, and a thienopyridine among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To assess bleeding complications among patients undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) and receiving triple therapy of warfarin, aspirin, and a thienopyridine.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  Triple therapy of warfarin, aspirin, and a thienopyridine is strongly discouraged, given the potential risk of bleeding complications.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Post-PCI patients receiving triple therapy thereafter underwent assessment for bleeding complications. Continuous variables are presented as median (25th-75th percentiles). The study group included 180 patients (80% males; age 65 (52, 75.5)). PCI was on an urgent/emergent basis in 86.6%. The main indications for warfarin use were left ventricular mural thrombus and atrial fibrillation (46.9 and 36.9% respectively). Glycoprotein IIb/IIIa receptor antagonists were used in 47.7%. Post-PCI triple therapy duration was 30 days (30, 30). During the post-triple therapy, 104 patients (57.8%) continued treatment with warfarin and aspirin for 376 days (150, 775). During the triple therapy period, 20 patients developed bleeding complications, (mean INR 2.1 +/- 0.7 at 7 (6, 8.5) days post-PCI): 2 major groin hematoma (initial phase of warfarin treatment during overlap with heparin) and 18 minor. During post-triple therapy, primarily under warfarin and aspirin, 19 patients developed bleeding complications: 1 major and 18 minor.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Short-term triple therapy after PCI was not associated with prohibitively high bleeding complication rates, and thus should be favorably considered in patients with a clear indication for warfarin use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cardiology, Rabin Medical Center, Petah-Tikva, Israel.
authors.forename: Avital
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Porter
authors.forename: Yuval
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Konstantino
authors.forename: Zaza
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Iakobishvili
authors.forename: Leeor
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Shachar
authors.forename: Alexander
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Battler
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Hasdai
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D015906:Angioplasty, Balloon, Coronary; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001241:Aspirin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001780:Blood Coagulation Tests; D017023:Coronary Angiography; D003327:Coronary Disease / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000401:mortality / Q000628:therapy*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D015150:Echocardiography, Doppler; D005260:Female; D006470:Hemorrhage / Q000209:etiology; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011379:Prognosis; D011725:Pyridines / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D012107:Research Design; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D014859:Warfarin / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use*
chemical_list: D000925:Anticoagulants; D010975:Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors; D011725:Pyridines; C446540:thienopyridine; D014859:Warfarin; D001241:Aspirin