title: Procaterol upregulates peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma expression in human eosinophils.
abstract: Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor-gamma (PPARgamma) is a nuclear receptor that regulates immune reaction. We have previously demonstrated that human eosinophils express PPARgamma and that stimulation with a synthetic agonist for PPARgamma attenuated the factor-induced eosinophil activations. However, the modulator of PPARgamma expression in eosinophils has not yet been studied. In this study, we investigated the effect of procaterol, the synthetic beta2-adrenoceptor agonist widely used as bronchodilators in asthma, on the PPARgamma expression in eosinophils. Purified human peripheral blood eosinophil and the eosinophilic cell line EoL-1 were cultured with procaterol. This was followed by PPARgamma measurement using flow cytometer and quantitative real-time RT-PCR. We observed that PPARgamma was constitutively expressed by EoL-1 and the purified eosinophils and that the therapeutic concentration (10(-9)M) of procaterol markedly enhanced PPARgamma protein expression, which was reversed by the selective beta2-adrenoceptor antagonist ICI-118551. The PPARgamma mRNA expression in EoL-1 and eosinophils was also induced by procaterol. These findings suggest that procaterol could modulate the eosinophil function by increasing the expression of PPARgamma.
authors.affiliation: Department of Clinical and Laboratory Medicine, Akita University School of Medicine, Akita, Japan.
authors.forename: Shigeharu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ueki
authors.forename: Atsuko
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Usami
authors.forename: Hajime
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Oyamada
authors.forename: Norihiro
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Saito
authors.forename: Takahito
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chiba
authors.forename: Gulixian
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Mahemuti
authors.forename: Wataru
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Ito
authors.forename: Hikari
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kayaba
authors.forename: Junichi
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Chihara
mesh_terms: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists / Q000494:pharmacology; D002460:Cell Line; D004804:Eosinophils / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D005434:Flow Cytometry; D006801:Humans; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000096:biosynthesis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology; D017265:Procaterol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011412:Propanolamines / Q000494:pharmacology; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D000318:Adrenergic beta-Agonists; D000319:Adrenergic beta-Antagonists; D047495:PPAR gamma; D011412:Propanolamines; C026777:ICI 118551; D017265:Procaterol