title: Nuclear transplantation in Xenopus.
abstract: Nuclear transplantation in amphibia started in 1952. By this is meant, sexually mature cloned frogs can be obtained from the nuclei of embryo cells, differentiating cells, and larval-differentiated cells. Transplanted nuclei are reprogrammed to entirely new patterns of gene expression. In this chapter, the methods used to transplant living nuclei into enucleated eggs of Xenopus are described. A method also is described for transplanting multiple somatic cell nuclei into nonenucleated oocytes, a procedure that achieves reprogramming of gene expression in the absence of cell division.
authors.affiliation: Wellcome Trust/Cancer Research United Kingdom, Gurdon Institute, Cambridge.
authors.forename: John B
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: Gurdon
mesh_terms: D021581:Active Transport, Cell Nucleus; D000818:Animals; D036703:Blastula / Q000378:metabolism; D002417:Cattle; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002455:Cell Division; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism; D019976:Cloning, Organism / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005821:Genetic Techniques; D009865:Oocytes / Q000378:metabolism; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism; D014466:Ultraviolet Rays; D014981:Xenopus / Q000378:metabolism*