title: [Controlled, open, parallel-group study of the clinical and microbiological efficacy of piperacillin-tazobactam versus metronidazole + gentamicin in urgent colorectal surgery].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Antibiotic treatment is an important element in infection control after urgent abdominal surgery. The aim of this study was to determine the therapeutic efficacy of piperacillin-tazobactam versus a combination of 2 antibiotics (metronidazole and gentamicin) in patients undergoing urgent appendicular and/or colorectal surgery.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study period comprised December 1998 to December 2002. A total of 183 patients who required urgent surgery for colon disease and/or severe acute appendicitis were prospectively and randomly included. Patients were randomly distributed in 2 groups. Group A received piperacillin-tazobactam (4/0.5/8 h/i.v.) and group B received metronidazole (500 mg/i.v./8 h) plus gentamicin (5 mg/kg/i.v./24 h). Treatment was started between 30 and 60 minutes prior to surgery and was continued for at least 3 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The incidence of wound infection in patients who underwent surgery for colon disease and acute appendicitis was lower when they were treated with piperacillin-tazobactam (P< .05). The incidence of intraperitoneal abscess in the group of patients who underwent surgery for severe acute appendicitis was lower when they were treated with piperacillin-tazobactam. Microbiological analyses revealed that there was a predominance of infection due to Escherichia coli.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The association of piperacillin-tazobactam was more effective than that of metronidazole and gentamicin in the prevention and treatment of local infection in the treated groups. Therapeutic failure was mainly related to the presence of gram-negative bacteria.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Cirugía general y Digestiva, IMCD, Hospital Clínic, Barcelona, España. 33173jff@comb.es
authors.forename: Joana
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Ferrer
authors.forename: Constantino
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Fondevila
authors.forename: Ernest
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Bombuy
authors.forename: Josep
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Fuster
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.forename: Ramón
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Charco
authors.forename: Juan Carlos
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: García-Valdecasas
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000328:Adult; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D001064:Appendicitis / Q000601:surgery*; D004334:Drug Administration Schedule; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D004638:Emergency Treatment / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008795:Metronidazole / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010397:Penicillanic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D010878:Piperacillin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000077725:Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination; D013530:Surgical Wound Infection / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000890:Anti-Infective Agents; D008795:Metronidazole; D000077725:Piperacillin, Tazobactam Drug Combination; D010397:Penicillanic Acid; D010878:Piperacillin