title: Water-soluble ions in nano/ultrafine/fine/coarse particles collected near a busy road and at a rural site.
abstract: This study investigated water-soluble ions in the sized particles (particularly nano (PM(0.01-0.056))/ultrafine (PM(0.01-0.1))) collected using MOUDI and Nano-MOUDI samplers near a busy road site and at a rural site. The analytical results demonstrate that nano and coarse particles exhibited the highest (16.3%) and lowest (8.37%) nitrate mass ratios, respectively. The mass ratio of NO(3)(-) was higher than that of SO(4)(2-) in all the sized particles at the traffic site. The secondary aerosols all displayed trimodal distributions. The aerosols in ultrafine particles collected at the roadside site exhibited Aitken mode distributions indicating they were of local origin. This finding was not observed for those ultrafine particles collected at the rural site. The mass median diameters (MMDs) of the nano, ultrafine, and fine particles were smaller at the traffic site than at the rural site, possibly related to the contribution of mobile engine emissions.
authors.affiliation: Department of Environmental Engineering and Science, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, 1 Hseuh Fu RD., Nei Pu, PingTung 91201, Taiwan.
authors.forename: Chih-Chung
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Shui-Jen
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Kuo-Lin
authors.initials: KL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: Wen-Jhy
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Wen-Yinn
authors.initials: WY
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Chiu-Jung
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Liao
authors.forename: Hso-Chi
authors.initials: HC
authors.lastname: Chaung
authors.forename: Chuen-Huey
authors.initials: CH
authors.lastname: Chiu
mesh_terms: D000336:Aerosols / Q000032:analysis*; D000393:Air Pollutants / Q000032:analysis*; D002118:Calcium; D002713:Chlorine / Q000032:analysis; D004784:Environmental Monitoring / Q000379:methods; D007477:Ions / Q000032:analysis*; D008274:Magnesium / Q000032:analysis; D053758:Nanoparticles / Q000032:analysis; D009566:Nitrates / Q000032:analysis; D010316:Particle Size; D011188:Potassium / Q000032:analysis; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds / Q000032:analysis; D012423:Rural Health; D012964:Sodium / Q000032:analysis; D012995:Solubility; D013431:Sulfates / Q000032:analysis; D001335:Vehicle Emissions / Q000032:analysis*; D014867:Water
chemical_list: D000336:Aerosols; D000393:Air Pollutants; D007477:Ions; D009566:Nitrates; D000644:Quaternary Ammonium Compounds; D013431:Sulfates; D001335:Vehicle Emissions; D014867:Water; D002713:Chlorine; D012964:Sodium; D008274:Magnesium; D011188:Potassium; D002118:Calcium