title: STI571 combined with vincristine greatly suppressed the tumor formation of multidrug-resistant K562 cells in a human-nude mice xenograft model.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The development of the targeted signal transduction inhibitor STI571 has prompted us to treat chronic myeloid leukemia in different ways. Since STI571 may reverse multidrug-resistance of K562/MDR cells in vitro, we studied the effect of STI571 on multidrug-resistant K562 cells in vivo.
  
  
  METHODS
  Multidrug-resistant human leukemia cell line K562-n/VCR expresses both bcr/abl fusion gene and multi-drug resistance (mdr1) gene. It is a vincristine resistant cell line subcloned from the vincristine (VCR) sensitive cell line K562-n induced by vincristine in vitro. K562-n and K562-n/VCR cells were inoculated subcutaneously into both sides of nude mice breast (5 x 106 cells/each) to establish a human leukemia xenograft model. The incidence and volume of tumor were observed. In the tumor-bearing nude mice, anti-tumor drugs vincristine, daunorubicin (DNR), STI571, and STI571 plus VCR for the treatment of mdr1 and bcr/abl double positive leukemia were studied respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The tumor incidence was 100% in the nude mice inoculated with either K562-n or K562-n/VCR. The transcription of the mdr1 gene and expression of P-gp were negative in K562-n cells but positive in K562-n/VCR cells. The intracellular accumulation of DNR in K562-n cells was higher than that in K562-n/VCR cells (P < 0.05). The tumor incidence of K562-n/VCR cells in nude mice was much higher than that of K562-n cells in chemotherapy groups, and the mean volume of the tumors was also larger (P < 0.05). STI571 combined with VCR significantly suppressed the proliferation of K562-n/VCR cells.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The MDR characteristics of K562-n/VCR in vivo were the same as in vitro. STI571 had a significant tumor-suppressing effect on VCR-sensitive leukemia cells and a moderate effect on MDR leukemia cells. VCR combined with STI571 had an excellent tumor-suppressing effect on both K562-n/VCR and K562-n in the human-nude mice xenograft model.
authors.affiliation: Department of Hematology, Changhai Hospital, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China.
authors.forename: Lei
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Gao
authors.forename: Li
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Xin-hong
authors.initials: XH
authors.lastname: Fei
authors.forename: Hui-ying
authors.initials: HY
authors.lastname: Qiu
authors.forename: Hong
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zhou
authors.forename: Jian-min
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Wang
mesh_terms: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1 / Q000032:analysis; D000818:Animals; D001549:Benzamides; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D003630:Daunorubicin / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D018432:Drug Resistance, Multiple; D019008:Drug Resistance, Neoplasm; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D020014:K562 Cells / Q000187:drug effects*; D007942:Leukemia, Experimental / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D009368:Neoplasm Transplantation; D010879:Piperazines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011743:Pyrimidines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D014183:Transplantation, Heterologous; D014750:Vincristine / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D020168:ATP Binding Cassette Transporter, Subfamily B, Member 1; D001549:Benzamides; D010879:Piperazines; D011743:Pyrimidines; D014750:Vincristine; D000068877:Imatinib Mesylate; D016044:Fusion Proteins, bcr-abl; D003630:Daunorubicin