title: Comparison of tissue plasminogen activator administration management between Telestroke Network hospitals and academic stroke centers: the Telemedical Pilot Project for Integrative Stroke Care in Bavaria/Germany.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Systemic thrombolysis is the only therapy proven to be effective for ischemic stroke. Telemedicine may help to extend its use. However, concerns remain whether management and safety of tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) administration after telemedical consultation are equivalent in less experienced hospitals compared with tPA administration in academic stroke centers.
  
  
  METHODS
  During the second year of the ongoing Telemedical Pilot Project for Integrative Stroke Care, all systemic thrombolyses in stroke patients of the 12 regional clinics and the 2 stroke centers were recorded prospectively. Patients' demographics, stroke severity (National Institutes of Health Stroke Scale), frequency of administration, time management, protocol violations, and safety were included in the analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In 2004, 115 of 4727 stroke or transient ischemic attack patients (2.4%) in the community hospitals and 110 of 1889 patients in the stroke centers (5.8%) received systemic thrombolysis. Prehospital latencies were shorter in the regional hospitals despite longer distances. Door to needle times were shorter in the stroke centers. Although blood pressure was controlled more strictly in community hospitals, symptomatic intracerebral hemorrhage rate (7.8%) was higher (P=0.14) than in stroke centers (2.7%) but still within the range of the National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke trial. In-hospital mortality rate was low in community hospitals (3.5%) and in stroke centers (4.5%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although with a lower rate of systemic thrombolysis, there was no evidence of lower treatment quality in the remote hospitals. With increasing numbers of tPA administration and growing training effects, the telestroke concept promises better coverage of systemic thrombolysis in nonurban areas.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Städtisches Klinikum München GmbH, Klinikum Harlaching, München, Germany. neuro.audebert@khmh.de
authors.forename: Heinrich J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Audebert
authors.forename: Christian
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kukla
authors.forename: Bijan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Vatankhah
authors.forename: Berthold
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Gotzler
authors.forename: Johannes
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Schenkel
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Hofer
authors.forename: Andrea
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Fürst
authors.forename: Roman L
authors.initials: RL
authors.lastname: Haberl
mesh_terms: D000046:Academic Medical Centers / Q000458:organization & administration*; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002545:Brain Ischemia / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D019090:Case Management / Q000458:organization & administration*; D002391:Catchment Area, Health; D002543:Cerebral Hemorrhage / Q000139:chemically induced; D003195:Computer Communication Networks / Q000458:organization & administration / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D005260:Female; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005858:Germany; D006748:Hospital Departments; D006764:Hospitals, Community / Q000458:organization & administration*; D006801:Humans; D006973:Hypertension / Q000150:complications / Q000188:drug therapy; D007388:Internal Medicine; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010360:Patient Transfer; D010865:Pilot Projects; D011446:Prospective Studies; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019114:Remote Consultation / Q000458:organization & administration*; D015912:Thrombolytic Therapy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000379:methods*; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000627:therapeutic use; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D005343:Fibrinolytic Agents; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D010959:Tissue Plasminogen Activator