[The pharmacokinetics of FK506 and its nanoparticles in aqueous humor of rabbits].
OBJECTIVE
To investigate the pharmacokinetics of FK506 and its nanoparticles in aqueous humor of rabbits applied with eye drops or subconjunctiva injections.


METHODS
42 New Zealand albino rabbits were divided into 2 groups. (1) Nanoparticle solution containing 10 microg FK506 was injected into subconjunctiva or dropped on conjunctival sac of rabbits (68 eyes in 34 cases). (2) Eye drops containing 20 or 40 microg FK506 without nanoparticles were dropped on conjunctival sac of rabbits (16 eyes in 8 cases). Aqueous humor was collected at different times after local administration and FK506 concentrations were measured by ELISA. Ocular pharmacokinetic parameters of FK506 were calculated by 3p87 software.


RESULTS
In the solution containing nanoparticle, the effective FK506 concentration in aqueous humor could be kept up to 16 h in eye drops group. The range of FK506 concentration was between (15.50 +/- 3.39) - (2.59 +/- 0.83) ng/ml. FK506 in aqueous humor can be maintained for 96 h by injecting into subconjunctiva and FK506 concentration were between (9.62 +/- 2.19) - (2.60 +/- 0.21) ng/ml from 6 - 96 h. T(max) and C(max) in eye drops were (1.25 +/- 0.50) h and (15.52 +/- 2.37) ng/ml respectively; while T(max) and C(max) in subconjunctiva injection were (64.00 +/- 13.86) h and (10.16 +/- 1.37) ng/ml respectively. Each AUC(0-->t) was (152.44 +/- 16.74) ng.ml(-1).h(-1) and (612.48 +/- 54.39) ng.ml(-1).h(-1) respectively; each Ka was 3.790 +/- 0.730 and 0.040 +/- 0.004 respectively; and each MRT was (8.20 +/- 1.28) h and (58.53 +/- 5.42) h respectively. In the eye drops containing 20 microg or 40 microg FK506 but without nanoparticles applied in conjunctival sac of rabbits, all effective FK506 concentrations in aqueous humor could not be kept over 4 h. T(max) was 1 h and C(max) was (18.93 +/- 6.95) ng/ml in 20 microg FK506, while in 40 microg FK506 T(max) was 2h and C(max) was (28.33 +/- 1.31) ng/ml.


CONCLUSIONS
Solution with FK506 nanoparticle dropping onto the eye or injecting into subconjunctiva could be sustained in rabbit aqueous humor for a longer time than non-nanoparticle FK506 solution, while with injecting of nanoparticle FK506 solution it could be detected with a relative low but longer effective concentration.
Fei
Wen-lei
WL
Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China.
Chen
Jia-qi
JQ
Zhong
Shi-long
SL
Liu
Yong-min
YM
Pang
Zhi-qing
ZQ
Wang
Zheng
Z
Yuan
Jin
J
Ye
Cheng-tian
CT
D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D001082:Aqueous Humor / Q000378:metabolism*; D003228:Conjunctiva; D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D053758:Nanoparticles; D011817:Rabbits; D016559:Tacrolimus / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics
D007166:Immunosuppressive Agents; D016559:Tacrolimus