The ferrous-dioxygen intermediate in human cytochrome P450 3A4. Substrate dependence of formation and decay kinetics.
The oxy-ferrous complex is the first of three branching intermediates in the catalytic cycle of cytochrome P450, in which the total efficiency of substrate turnover is curtailed by the side reaction of autoxidation. For human membrane-bound cytochromes P450, the oxy complex is believed to be the primary source of cytotoxic superoxide and peroxide, although information on the properties and stability of this intermediate is lacking. Here we document stopped-flow spectroscopic studies of the formation and decay of the oxy-ferrous complex in the most abundant human cytochrome P450 (CYP3A4) as a function of temperature in the substrate-free and substrate-bound form. CYP3A4 solubilized in purified monomeric form in nanoscale POPC bilayers is functionally and kinetically homogeneous. In substrate-free CYP3A4, the oxy complex is extremely unstable with a half-life of approximately 30 ms at 5 degrees C. Saturation with testosterone or bromocriptine stabilizes the oxy-ferrous intermediate. Comparison of the autoxidation rates with the available data on CYP3A4 turnover kinetics suggests that the oxy complex may be an important route for uncoupling.
Denisov
Ilia G
IG
Department of Biochemistry, University of Illinois, Urbana 61801, USA.
Grinkova
Yelena V
YV
Baas
Bradley J
BJ
Sligar
Stephen G
SG
D001665:Binding Sites; D002384:Catalysis; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D005296:Ferrous Compounds / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007700:Kinetics; D008051:Lipid Bilayers / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D049329:Nanostructures; D010100:Oxygen / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010743:Phospholipids / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism; D013379:Substrate Specificity
D005296:Ferrous Compounds; D008051:Lipid Bilayers; D010743:Phospholipids; D003577:Cytochrome P-450 Enzyme System; D051544:Cytochrome P-450 CYP3A; C510163:CYP3A4 protein, human; D010100:Oxygen