title: Thermal injury-induced priming effect of neutrophil is TNF-alpha and P38 dependent.
abstract: Priming response of neutrophil in clinical-related conditions and its mechanism has not been clarified. This study is to determine if thermal injury-induced priming effect of neutrophil is TNF-alpha and p38 dependent. In Experiment 1, bone marrow neutrophil of wild-type (WT) mice and TNF receptor superfamily, member 1A (Tnfrsf1a-/-) mice were harvested and treated with TNF-alpha, platelet activating factor (PAF) first, then with or without N-formyl-Met-Leu-Phe (fMLP). Reactive oxygen species (ROS) production and p38 phosphorylation were evaluated. In Experiment 2, ROS of neutrophil from WT and Tnfrsf1a-/- mice at 3 or 15 h after thermal injury with or without fMLP treatment were assayed. In Experiment 3, p38 and p44/42 phosphorylation, CXCR2 and macrophage inflammatory protein-2 expression, apoptotic ratio, and activating protein-1 (AP-1) and nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-kappaB) activation of neutrophil from WT and Tnfrsf1a-/- mice at 3 h after thermal injury were tested. FMLP treatment after TNF-alpha or PAF incubation of neutrophil increased ROS of PAF-treated but not TNF-alpha-treated neutrophil. PAF treatment increased ROS of neutrophil in WT and Tnfrsf1a-/- mice. FMLP increased ROS of neutrophil of WT mice at 3 h after thermal but not that of Tnfrsf1a-/- mice. TNF-alpha and PAF increased p38 phosphorylation of neutrophil in WT but not that in Tnfrsf1a-/- mice. Thermal injury increased p38 phosphorylation, NF-kappaB activation, and decreased apoptosis of neutrophil at 3 h after thermal injury in WT but not in Tnfrsf1a-/- mice. Thermal injury also induced AP-1 activation and ROS production on neutrophil at 3 and 15 h after thermal injury, respectively, in WT and Tnfrsf1a-/- mice. Collectively, fMLP stimulates ROS of neutrophil through TNF-alpha signaling; PAF stimulates that of neutrophil through both TNF-alpha-dependent and TNF-alpha-independent pathway. Thermal injury induces a TNF-alpha-dependent priming effect and a TNF-alpha-independent activation effect on neutrophil at 3 and 15 h after thermal injury, respectively. NF-kappaB signaling pathway plays an important role in neutrophil activation. Thermal injury also induces TNF-alpha-dependent delay apoptosis and TNF-alpha-independent AP-1 activation of neutrophil at 3 h after thermal injury. Taken together with the TNF-alpha-dependent p38 and NF-kappaB activation in primed neutrophil, we conclude that thermal injury-induced priming effect of polymorphonuclear neutrophil is TNF-alpha and p38 dependent.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, National Yang-Ming Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
authors.forename: Lee-Wei
authors.initials: LW
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Hau-Lun
authors.initials: HL
authors.lastname: Huang
authors.forename: I-Te
authors.initials: IT
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Ching-Mei
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Hsu
authors.forename: Pei-Jung
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Lu
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002056:Burns / Q000378:metabolism*; D020935:MAP Kinase Signaling System / Q000187:drug effects*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine / Q000494:pharmacology; D018375:Neutrophil Activation / Q000187:drug effects*; D009504:Neutrophils / Q000378:metabolism*; D010972:Platelet Activating Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha / Q000494:pharmacology*; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D010972:Platelet Activating Factor; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D047888:Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type I; D014409:Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha; D009240:N-Formylmethionine Leucyl-Phenylalanine; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases