title: In vitro evaluation of chitosan/poly(lactic acid-glycolic acid) sintered microsphere scaffolds for bone tissue engineering.
abstract: A three-dimensional (3-D) scaffold is one of the major components in many tissue engineering approaches. We developed novel 3-D chitosan/poly(lactic acid-glycolic acid) (PLAGA) composite porous scaffolds by sintering together composite chitosan/PLAGA microspheres for bone tissue engineering applications. Pore sizes, pore volume, and mechanical properties of the scaffolds can be manipulated by controlling fabrication parameters, including sintering temperature and sintering time. The sintered microsphere scaffolds had a total pore volume between 28% and 37% with median pore size in the range 170-200microm. The compressive modulus and compressive strength of the scaffolds are in the range of trabecular bone making them suitable as scaffolds for load-bearing bone tissue engineering. In addition, MC3T3-E1 osteoblast-like cells proliferated well on the composite scaffolds as compared to PLAGA scaffolds. It was also shown that the presence of chitosan on microsphere surfaces increased the alkaline phosphatase activity of the cells cultured on the composite scaffolds and up-regulated gene expression of alkaline phosphatase, osteopontin, and bone sialoprotein.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22904, USA.
authors.forename: Tao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Wafa I
authors.initials: WI
authors.lastname: Abdel-Fattah
authors.forename: Cato T
authors.initials: CT
authors.lastname: Laurencin
mesh_terms: D016475:3T3 Cells; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000032:analysis / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001672:Biocompatible Materials / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology; D048271:Chitosan / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D051379:Mice; D008855:Microscopy, Electron, Scanning; D008863:Microspheres; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology* / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000378:metabolism; D053495:Osteopontin; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011108:Polymers / Q000138:chemical synthesis / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D001672:Biocompatible Materials; D011108:Polymers; D012795:Sialoglycoproteins; C506896:Spp1 protein, mouse; D015675:Osteocalcin; D053495:Osteopontin; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid; D048271:Chitosan; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase