title: The effects of disruption of A kinase anchoring protein-protein kinase A association on protein kinase A signalling in neuroendocrine melanotroph cells of Xenopus laevis.
abstract: The secretory activity of melanotroph cells from Xenopus laevis is regulated by multiple neurotransmitters that act through adenylyl cyclase. Cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP), acting on protein kinase A (PKA), stimulates the frequency of intracellular Ca(2+) oscillations and the secretory activity of the melanotroph cell. Anchoring of PKA near target proteins is essential for many PKA-regulated processes, and the family of A kinase anchoring proteins (AKAPs) is involved in the compartmentalisation of PKA type II (PKA II) regulatory subunits. In the present study, we determined to what degree cAMP signalling in Xenopus melanotrophs depends on compartmentalised PKA II. For this purpose, a membrane-permeable stearated form of Ht31 (St-Ht31), which dislodges PKA II from AKAP (thus disrupting PKA II signalling), was used. The effect of St-Ht31 on both secretion of radiolabelled peptides and intracellular Ca(2+) signalling by superfused Xenopus melanotrophs was assessed. St-Ht31 stimulated secretion but had no effect on Ca(2+) signalling. We conclude Xenopus melanotrophs possess a St-Ht31-sensitive PKA II that is associated with the exocytosis machinery and, furthermore, that Ca(2+) signalling is regulated by an AKAP-independent signalling system. Moreover, our results support a recent proposal that AKAP participates in regulating PKA activity independently from cAMP.
authors.affiliation: Department of Cellular Animal Physiology, Institute for Neuroscience, Radboud University Nijmegen, the Netherlands.
authors.forename: G J H
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Corstens
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: van Boxtel
authors.forename: M J J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: van den Hurk
authors.forename: E W
authors.initials: EW
authors.lastname: Roubos
authors.forename: B G
authors.initials: BG
authors.lastname: Jenks
mesh_terms: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing / Q000378:metabolism*; D000818:Animals; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D000242:Cyclic AMP / Q000378:metabolism*; D054746:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type II; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases / Q000378:metabolism*; D005089:Exocytosis / Q000502:physiology*; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000166:cytology / Q000201:enzymology; D011506:Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D015290:Second Messenger Systems / Q000502:physiology*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology; D014982:Xenopus laevis / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D048868:Adaptor Proteins, Signal Transducing; C400224:Ht 31 protein, synthetic; D011506:Proteins; D000242:Cyclic AMP; D054746:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinase Type II; D017868:Cyclic AMP-Dependent Protein Kinases; D002118:Calcium