title: Detection of Chlamydia pneumoniae in a bilateral orbital mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To detect Chlamydia pneumoniae (C. pneumoniae) gene in a patient with bilateral orbital musoca-associated lymphoid tissue (MALT) lymphoma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Interventional case report.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 47-year-old Chinese man with recurrent bilateral orbital masses underwent surgical biopsy. Ophthalmologic and radiographic examinations, routine histology, immunohistochemistry, and molecular analysis for immunoglobulin heavy chain (IgH), bcl-2/IgH gene translocation, and Chlamydia genes were performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Pathology revealed orbital MALT lymphoma with B-cell monoclonality. In addition to IgH gene rearrangement, C. pneumoniae DNA was detected in the lymphoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The finding of C. pneumoniae molecular signatures in this case suggests a possible association of Chlamydia and orbital MALT lymphoma. The infection may contribute to the development of the lymphoma.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Immunology, National Institutes of Health, National Eye Institute, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
authors.forename: Defen
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Shen
authors.forename: Hunter K L
authors.initials: HK
authors.lastname: Yuen
authors.forename: Dan A
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Galita
authors.forename: Nongnart R
authors.initials: NR
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: Chi-Chao
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Chan
mesh_terms: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / Q000627:therapeutic use; D023521:Chlamydophila Infections / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016993:Chlamydophila pneumoniae / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D002699:Chlorambucil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D004269:DNA, Bacterial / Q000032:analysis; D015818:Eye Infections, Bacterial / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D015321:Gene Rearrangement; D005798:Genes, Bacterial; D005803:Genes, Immunoglobulin / Q000235:genetics; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains / Q000235:genetics; D018442:Lymphoma, B-Cell, Marginal Zone / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009918:Orbital Neoplasms / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000382:microbiology* / Q000473:pathology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011241:Prednisone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000235:genetics; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed
chemical_list: D018906:Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating; D004269:DNA, Bacterial; D005938:Glucocorticoids; D007143:Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D002699:Chlorambucil; D011241:Prednisone