title: Biomonitoring of exposure in farmworker studies.
abstract: Although biomonitoring has been used in many occupational and environmental health and exposure studies, we are only beginning to understand the complexities and uncertainties involved with the biomonitoring process--from study design, to sample collection, to chemical analysis--and with interpreting the resulting data. We present an overview of concepts that should be considered when using biomonitoring or biomonitoring data, assess the current status of biomonitoring, and detail potential advancements in the field that may improve our ability to both collect and interpret biomonitoring data. We discuss issues such as the appropriateness of biomonitoring for a given study, the sampling time frame, temporal variability in biological measurements to nonpersistent chemicals, and the complex issues surrounding data interpretation. In addition, we provide recommendations to improve the utility of biomonitoring in farmworker studies.
authors.affiliation: National Center for Environmental Health, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, Georgia, USA. dbarr@cdc.gov
authors.forename: Dana B
authors.initials: DB
authors.lastname: Barr
authors.forename: Kent
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Thomas
authors.forename: Brian
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Curwin
authors.forename: Doug
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Landsittel
authors.forename: James
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Raymer
authors.forename: Chensheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lu
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Donnelly
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Acquavella
mesh_terms: D000383:Agriculture; D004784:Environmental Monitoring; D006801:Humans; D010575:Pesticides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics* / Q000633:toxicity*; D012867:Skin / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D010575:Pesticides