title: Involvement of NMDA receptors in morphine state-dependent learning in mice.
abstract: In the present study, the effects of intracerebroventricular (i.c.v.) injection of NMDA receptor agonist and antagonist on impairment of memory formation and the state-dependent learning by morphine have been investigated in mice. Pretraining administration of morphine (5 mg/kg; s.c.) decreased the learning of one-trial passive avoidance task. Pretest administration of morphine (5 mg/kg) induced state-dependent learning acquired under pretraining morphine influence. Pretest administration of NMDA receptor agonist, L-glutamate (0.00001 and 0.0001 and 0.001 microg/mouse, i.c.v.) following pretraining saline treatment did not affect retention. Amnesia induced by pretraining morphine was significantly reversed by pretest administration of L-glutamate (0.0001 and 0.001 microg/mouse, i.c.v.). Pretest administration of noncompetitive NMDA receptor antagonist, MK-801 (0.5, 1, and 2 microg/mouse, i.c.v.) significantly impaired memory formation. Amnesia induced by pretraining morphine was increased by pretest administration of MK-801 (2 microg/mouse, i.c.v.). Pretest coadministration of L-glutamate (0.0001 and 0.001 microg/mouse, i.c.v.) or MK-801 (0.5, 1, and 2 microg/mouse, i.c.v.) with morphine (5 mg/kg, s.c.) increased and decreased morphine state-dependent learning, respectively. The results suggest that NMDA receptors are involved in morphine state-dependent learning in mice.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. zarinmr@ams.ac.ir
authors.forename: Mohammad-Reza
authors.initials: MR
authors.lastname: Zarrindast
authors.forename: Majid
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jafari-Sabet
authors.forename: Mehdi
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rezayat
authors.forename: Bijan
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Djahanguiri
authors.forename: Ameneh
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Rezayof
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D001522:Behavior, Animal; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate / Q000494:pharmacology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004347:Drug Interactions; D018698:Glutamic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology; D007276:Injections, Intraventricular / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D009020:Morphine / Q000494:pharmacology*; D009294:Narcotics / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate / Q000819:agonists / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D009294:Narcotics; D016194:Receptors, N-Methyl-D-Aspartate; D018698:Glutamic Acid; D016291:Dizocilpine Maleate; D009020:Morphine