title: Neural tube derived signals and Fgf8 act antagonistically to specify eye versus mandibular arch muscles.
abstract: Recent knockout experiments in the mouse generated amazing craniofacial skeletal muscle phenotypes. Yet none of the genes could be placed into a molecular network, because the programme to control the development of muscles in the head is not known. Here we show that antagonistic signals from the neural tube and the branchial arches specify extraocular versus branchiomeric muscles. Moreover, we identified Fgf8 as the branchial arch derived signal. However, this molecule has an additional function in supporting the proliferative state of myoblasts, suppressing their differentiation, while a further branchial arch derived signal, namely Bmp7, is an overall negative regulator of head myogenesis.
authors.affiliation: King's College London, Department of Craniofacial Development, Floor 27 Guy's Tower, Guy's Hospital, London Bridge, London SE1 9RT, UK.
authors.forename: Gudrun
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: von Scheven
authors.forename: Lúcia E
authors.initials: LE
authors.lastname: Alvares
authors.forename: Roy C
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Mootoosamy
authors.forename: Susanne
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Dietrich
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D055419:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001934:Branchial Region / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology*; D002642:Chick Embryo; D005123:Eye / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology*; D051524:Fibroblast Growth Factor 8 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D018507:Gene Expression Regulation, Developmental; D006257:Head / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology; D006801:Humans; D008648:Mesoderm / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology; D051379:Mice; D008953:Models, Anatomic; D009024:Morphogenesis; D024510:Muscle Development / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology* / Q000378:metabolism; D009432:Neural Crest / Q000166:cytology / Q000502:physiology*; D009801:Oculomotor Muscles / Q000196:embryology* / Q000294:innervation; D010641:Phenotype; D011784:Quail / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000196:embryology; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: C525819:BMP7 protein, human; D055419:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 7; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; C496457:Fgf8 protein, mouse; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D051524:Fibroblast Growth Factor 8