NADPH oxidases: new kids on the block.
Reactive oxygen species (ROS) play a pivotal role in many physiological processes including host defense, hormone biosynthesis, fertilization and cellular signaling. Altered production of ROS has been implicated in the development of immunodeficiency, hypothyroidism and cardiovascular pathologies. In the last few years, several enzymes were identified at the molecular level, which are now thought to be responsible for ROS production observed in diverse tissues. These enzymes show a high degree of homology to the phagocytic NADPH oxidase and are now designated the Nox family of NADPH oxidases. This review updates our knowledge on six new members of the Nox family: Nox1, Nox3, Nox4, Nox5, Duox1 and Duox2.
Geiszt
Miklós
M
Department of Physiology, Semmelweis University, Faculty of Medicine, PO Box 259, H-1444 Budapest, Hungary. geiszt@puskin.sote.hu
D000074623:Dual Oxidases; D005420:Flavoproteins / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009131:Muscle, Smooth, Vascular / Q000201:enzymology; D000074624:NADPH Oxidase 1; D000074663:NADPH Oxidase 4; D000074664:NADPH Oxidase 5; D019255:NADPH Oxidases / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D013961:Thyroid Gland / Q000201:enzymology
D005420:Flavoproteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D000074623:Dual Oxidases; D000074624:NADPH Oxidase 1; D000074663:NADPH Oxidase 4; D000074664:NADPH Oxidase 5; D019255:NADPH Oxidases; C402799:NOX1 protein, human; C498910:NOX4 protein, human; C431571:NOX5 protein, human; C431570:Nox3 protein, human; C431513:DUOX1 protein, human; C431515:DUOX2 protein, human