title: Graphic-visual adaptation of House-Brackmann facial nerve grading for peripheral facial palsy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine if the diagram with schematic drawings of the face based on House-Brackmann facial nerve grading scale can be of easier use than the original grading scale for facial palsy patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective case study of 32 patients with facial palsy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tertiary referral center-university hospital.
  
  
  METHODS
  Patients with different degrees of acute peripheral facial palsy from any cause.
  
  
  METHODS
  The patients were photographed and then classified by degree of facial palsy through analysis of the pictures. At first, three of the authors individually utilised the original classification described by House-Brackmann facial nerve grading and then, after 7 days, they employed the illustration table proposed. After 30 days, the same methods were again used by the same authors for both House-Brackmann facial nerve grading and the illustration table.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The analysis of the obtained data reveals that the classification described by House and Brackmann (Otolaryngol. Head Neck Surg. 1985;93:146) presents several items to be evaluated, making it difficult to use and demanding greater time for correct application. On the contrary, the proposed illustration table allows faster evaluation and easier memorisation, not being subject to possible interpretation or translation mistakes, as illustrations are a universal language. Neither method presented absolute reproducibility, however, we found slightly larger concordance indexes among the authors for the proposed illustration table. We noticed average values of reproducibility were approximately 65% in the House-Brackmann classification, and 75% in the evaluation using the diagram of the schematic drawings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The authors concluded that the illustration table could be utilised in substitution for the original description of House-Brackmann facial nerve grading; they also concluded that the illustration table allows faster evaluation and easier memorisation.
authors.affiliation: Santa Casa de São Paulo-Otorrhinolaringologia, São Paulo, Brazil. prlazarini@ig.com.br
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Lazarini
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mitre
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Takatu
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Tidei
mesh_terms: D005152:Facial Muscles / Q000294:innervation / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005154:Facial Nerve / Q000503:physiopathology*; D005158:Facial Paralysis / Q000145:classification* / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000503:physiopathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009068:Movement; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D009460:Neurologic Examination; D010781:Photography; D011379:Prognosis; D011446:Prospective Studies; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric