title: Age is independent of comorbidity influencing patient selection for combined modality therapy for treatment of stage III nonsmall cell lung cancer (NSCLC).
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the influence of age and comorbidity in patient selection for treatment of stage III NSCLC with combined modality therapy (CMT).
  
  
  METHODS
  There were 102 patients with a Karnofsky Performance Score greater than or equal to 70, and clinical stage III NSCLC analyzed retrospectively for comorbidity. All patients received radiotherapy, and 57 (56%) received CMT with sequential and/or concurrent chemotherapy. Comorbidity was rated retrospectively using the Cumulative Illness Rating Scale for Geriatrics (CIRS-G). The effect of an extremely severe comorbidity score on patient selection and overall survival (OS) was evaluated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Presence of a grade 4 comorbidity (P = 0.02) and use of radiation only (P < 0.01) were associated with a statistically significant inferior OS on multivariate analysis, whereas age greater than or equal to 70, clinical stage IIIB, >5% weight loss, and radiation dose >63 Gy were not. Patients receiving CMT were significantly younger (P < 0.001), with less comorbidity (P < 0.001), and weight loss (P = 0.003) compared with patients receiving radiotherapy alone. A multivariate analysis revealed that age (P < 0.001), comorbidity (P = 0.007), and weight loss (P = 0.002) were independent factors influencing patient selection for CMT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Age effects patient selection for CMT independent of comorbidity and weight loss in patients with stage III NSCLC and good performance status. This might be related to physician's biases regarding tolerability of CMT in the elderly, and might explain under-representation of elderly in clinical trials of lung cancer. Comorbidity assessment should be included in protocols studying locally advanced stage NSCLC and may be useful for stratification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiation Oncology, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
authors.forename: Selim
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Firat
authors.forename: Adam
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Pleister
authors.forename: Roger W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Byhardt
authors.forename: Elizabeth
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gore
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015897:Comorbidity; D005260:Female; D015577:Geriatric Assessment; D006801:Humans; D017567:Karnofsky Performance Status; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D008297:Male; D018579:Patient Selection; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D015431:Weight Loss