Tobacco-specific nitrosamines in new tobacco products.
New tobacco products, designed to attract consumers who are concerned about the health effects of tobacco, have been appearing on the market. Objective evaluation of these products requires, as a first step, data on their potentially toxic constituents. Tobacco-specific nitrosamines (TSNAs) are an important class of carcinogens in tobacco products, but virtually no data were available on their levels in these products. In the present study, we analyzed several new products-Ariva, Stonewall, Exalt, Revel, Smokey Mountain, and Quest-for TSNAs and compared their TSNA levels with those in nicotine replacement products and conventional smokeless tobacco and cigarette brands. TSNAs were not detected in Smokey Mountain, which is a tobacco-free snuff product. The lowest levels among the new products containing tobacco were in Ariva and Stonewall (0.26-0.28 microg/g wet weight of product). The highest levels in the new products were found in Exalt (3.3 microg/g tobacco), whereas Revel and Quest had intermediate amounts. Only trace amounts were found in nicotine replacement products, and conventional brands had levels consistent with those reported in the literature. These results demonstrate that TSNA levels in new tobacco products range from relatively low to comparable with those found in some conventional brands.
Stepanov
Irina
I
The Cancer Center, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN 55455, USA.
Jensen
Joni
J
Hatsukami
Dorothy
D
Hecht
Stephen S
SS
D015197:Carcinogenicity Tests / Q000379:methods; D002273:Carcinogens / Q000032:analysis* / Q000737:chemistry; D002849:Chromatography, Gas; D006801:Humans; D009602:Nitrosamines / Q000032:analysis*; D011356:Product Labeling; D019460:Tobacco Industry; D014030:Tobacco, Smokeless / Q000737:chemistry*; D014481:United States
D002273:Carcinogens; D009602:Nitrosamines