title: Risk reduction counseling is associated with decreased HIV transmission-associated behaviors in high-risk Indian heterosexuals.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To estimate the incidence of HIV and study the impact of risk-reduction counseling (RRC) in a cohort of people with high-risk behavior for HIV transmission in Chennai, India.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective cohort follow-up of 500 HIV-negative people (250 men and 250 women) at increased risk for HIV acquisition in Chennai, India for a maximum of 1 year was conducted. They received RRC at 0, 6, and 12 months. Generalized estimating equation methodology was used to determine the statistical significance of differences reported in behavior between baseline, 6 months, and 12 months.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The overall HIV incidence in this cohort was 0.44 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval: 0.05-1.60). In the course of the study, both male and female participants reported statistically significant decreases in the number of different sexual partners, the number of new partners, and the proportion of sexual encounters with nonprimary partners. Participants who had more than 3 different partners at baseline and/or exchanged money for sex in the 6 months before enrollment demonstrated the greatest reductions in the number of different sexual partners.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Individualized sexual RRC seems to be a useful intervention to reduce risk-taking behavior among at-risk heterosexuals in India.
authors.affiliation: YR Gaitonde Center for AIDS Research and Education (YRG CARE), Chennai, India.
authors.forename: Sunil S
authors.initials: SS
authors.lastname: Solomon
authors.forename: Suniti
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Solomon
authors.forename: Benoit R
authors.initials: BR
authors.lastname: Masse
authors.forename: A K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Srikrishnan
authors.forename: Geetha
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Beauchamp
authors.forename: Easter
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Thamburaj
authors.forename: Menaka
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gulvady
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Anand
authors.forename: Kenneth H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Mayer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003376:Counseling; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior