title: The effect of timolol-dorzolamide and timolol-pilocarpine combinations on ocular blood flow in patients with glaucoma.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate the effect of timolol-dorzolamide and timolol-pilocarpine fixed combinations on retrobulbar vessel blood flow.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective, randomized, masked, crossover clinical trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Sixteen patients with primary open angle glaucoma, treated with timolol 0.5%, received timolol 0.5%-dorzolamide 2% and timolol 0.5%-pilocarpine 2% for four weeks each. Heart rate, blood pressure, intraocular pressure (IOP), and peak systolic (PSV) and end diastolic velocities (EDV) in ophthalmic, central retinal, and short posterior ciliary arteries were measured before and after each treatment, and resistivity index was calculated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The IOP was reduced (P < .01) by timolol-dorzolamide and, more effectively, timolol-pilocarpine combinations. In central retinal artery, the end diastolic velocity was increased by the timolol-dorzolamide combination (P < .01), resulting in higher end diastolic velocity and lower resistivity index values (both P < .01) compared with the timolol-pilocarpine combination.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The timolol-dorzolamide combination increases the end diastolic velocity in central retinal artery, despite a lower intraocular pressure decrease, suggesting an effect on retinal circulation.
authors.affiliation: Sezione di Oftalmologia, Dipartimento di Specialità Medico-Chirurgiche, Università di Catania, Italy. Clinica.Oculistica@mbox.unict.it
authors.forename: Maurizio G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Uva
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Longo
authors.forename: Michele
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Reibaldi
authors.forename: Alfredo
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Reibaldi
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000959:Antihypertensive Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D019842:Ciliary Arteries / Q000502:physiology*; D018592:Cross-Over Studies; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D005902:Glaucoma, Open-Angle / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000503:physiopathology*; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007429:Intraocular Pressure / Q000187:drug effects; D008875:Middle Aged; D009880:Ophthalmic Artery / Q000502:physiology*; D010862:Pilocarpine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012039:Regional Blood Flow; D012161:Retinal Artery / Q000502:physiology*; D013449:Sulfonamides / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D013999:Timolol / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018615:Ultrasonography, Doppler, Color
chemical_list: D000959:Antihypertensive Agents; D013449:Sulfonamides; D013876:Thiophenes; D010862:Pilocarpine; D013999:Timolol; C062765:dorzolamide