title: 14C-carbaryl residues in hazelnut.
abstract: A hazelnut ocak (shrub growing form) in the field in Black Sea region of Turkey was treated with commercial carbaryl insecticide spiked with 14C-carbaryl. Three months later, the harvested hazelnuts were separated into husk, shell, and kernel components, then homogenized and analyzed. The total and unextractable (bound) 14C-residues were determined by combustion and the extractable 14C-residues were obtained by extracting the samples with methanol. Concentrated extracts were first analyzed by thin layer chromatography (TLC). The extracts were also subjected to a series of liquid-liquid extraction procedures for clean-up and the final extracts were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Crude hazelnut oil was also extracted with hexane and analyzed for total 14C-residue. A total of 1.3% of applied radioactivity was recovered from the total nut harvested, with 0.04%, 0.06%, and 1.2% present in shell, kernel, and husk, respectively. The results show that the inedible husk and shell contained 95.7% 14C, whereas the edible kernel contained 4.3% of the total 14C recovered. The terminal 14C-residue in hazelnut kernel and oil did not contain carbaryl and/or its metabolite naphthol.
authors.affiliation: Turkish Atomic Energy Authority Sarayköy Nuclear Research and Training Center, Ankara, Turkey. ulku.yucel@taek.gov.tr
authors.forename: Ulkü
authors.initials: U
authors.lastname: Yücel
authors.forename: Murat
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ilim
authors.forename: Nazife
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Aslan
mesh_terms: D012721:Carbaryl / Q000032:analysis*; D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid / Q000379:methods; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer / Q000379:methods; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D031211:Corylus / Q000737:chemistry*; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D006801:Humans; D007306:Insecticides / Q000032:analysis*; D010573:Pesticide Residues / Q000032:analysis*; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000032:analysis / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D002250:Carbon Radioisotopes; D007306:Insecticides; D010573:Pesticide Residues; D010938:Plant Oils; D012721:Carbaryl