title: Managing problems with tracheoesophageal puncture for alaryngeal voice rehabilitation.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The tracheoesophageal puncture (TEP) technique and the insertion of its associated voice prostheses may give rise to adverse events. We present our experience with this technique, paying special attention to the incidence and management of these adverse events.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective clinical analysis was undertaken.
  
  
  METHODS
  Seventy-five laryngectomized patients underwent TEP for voice restoration. They were divided into two groups: group one, 43 patients with secondary TEP; and group two, 32 patients with primary TEP. Patient medical records were reviewed for data on the incidence, management and outcome of adverse events encountered during patients' follow up.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Problems that arose in the patients were itemized as either early or late. The same patient could develop one or more problems in either group. The management of these problems, concerning the creation and maintenance of the TEP and associated prostheses, was noted. In group one, results were initially favourable in 91 per cent of patients and still positive in 81.4 per cent after three years. In group two, early results were favourable in all patients, and only two patients asked for late elective closure of the TEP (with a success rate of 93.7 per cent).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Via an intensive and multidisciplinary approach to problems, most of the inevitable adverse events could be solved adequately, minimizing the discomfort of patients who had undergone laryngectomy and indwelling voice prosthesis insertion.
authors.affiliation: Otolaryngology Department, Tanta University, Tanta, Egypt.
authors.forename: O A
authors.initials: OA
authors.lastname: Albirmawy
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Elsheikh
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Saafan
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Elsheikh
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D004946:Esophagostomy; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D007822:Laryngeal Neoplasms / Q000534:rehabilitation / Q000601:surgery; D007825:Laryngectomy / Q000534:rehabilitation; D007831:Larynx, Artificial; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000628:therapy*; D019919:Prosthesis Implantation / Q000379:methods*; D012086:Reoperation; D013072:Speech, Esophageal; D014139:Tracheostomy; D014834:Voice Training