title: Signaling by the arc two-component system provides a link between the redox state of the quinone pool and gene expression.
abstract: The Arc two-component system is a complex signal transduction system that plays a key role in regulating energy metabolism at the level of transcription in bacteria. This system comprises the ArcB protein, a tripartite membrane-associated sensor kinase, and the ArcA protein, a typical response regulator. Under anoxic growth conditions, ArcB autophosphorylates and transphosphorylates ArcA, which in turn represses or activates the expression of its target operons. Under aerobic conditions, ArcB acts as a phosphatase that catalyzes the dephosphorylation of ArcA-P and thereby releasing its transcriptional regulation. The events for Arc signaling, including signal reception and kinase regulation, signal transmission, amplification, as well as signal output and decay are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Genética Molecular, Instituto de Fisiología Celular, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, México City, México.
authors.forename: Roxana
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Malpica
authors.forename: Gabriela R Peña
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Sandoval
authors.forename: Claudia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Rodríguez
authors.forename: Bernardo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: Dimitris
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Georgellis
mesh_terms: D001419:Bacteria / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D004734:Energy Metabolism; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D020868:Gene Silencing; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D010641:Phenotype; D010766:Phosphorylation; D011494:Protein Kinases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011809:Quinones / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015398:Signal Transduction / Q000502:physiology*; D014158:Transcription, Genetic
chemical_list: D001425:Bacterial Outer Membrane Proteins; D029968:Escherichia coli Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011809:Quinones; D012097:Repressor Proteins; C041610:arcA protein, E coli; D011494:Protein Kinases; C065271:arcB protein, E coli