Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus strains of exceptional diversity in eastern Europe support the definition of new genetic subtypes.
Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) ORF5 and ORF7 sequences from Belarus were found to be of the European (EU) genotype, but grouped separately from all other EU genotype sequences described so far, including live-attenuated EU genotype PRRSV vaccines and Italian EU genotype sequences, some of which have been associated with reduced vaccine efficacy. Also, the Belarusian EU-PRRSV exhibited extreme ORF7 size polymorphism, ranging from 375 nt (the smallest EU genotype ORF7 yet described) to 393 nt (the largest ORF7 yet described for any arterivirus). With the Belarusian sequences, the diversity of EU genotype PRRSV now exceeds that of the North American (US) genotype PRRSV, suggesting a European origin of PRRSV. Finally, a very sharp geographical demarcation of highly diverse EU genotype PRRSV was observed along the eastern Polish border. The new Belarusian sequences have relevance for vaccine and diagnostic-antigen design and show that sequence analysis of PRRSV from more eastern parts of Europe may offer further insights into the emergence and evolution of PRRSV.
Stadejek
T
T
National Veterinary Research Institute, Al. Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland.
Oleksiewicz
M B
MB
Novo Nordisk A/S, Virology and Molecular Toxicology, Novo Nordisk Park, 2760 Måløv, Denmark.
Potapchuk
D
D
S. N. Vyshelesskij Institute of Experimental Veterinary Medicine, National Academy of Sciences of Belarus, 2 Vyshelesskij Street, Minsk 223020, Belarus.
Podgórska
K
K
National Veterinary Research Institute, Al. Partyzantów 57, 24-100 Puławy, Poland.
D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D004279:DNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D005061:Europe, Eastern / Q000453:epidemiology; D019143:Evolution, Molecular; D014644:Genetic Variation; D005838:Genotype; D017720:Molecular Epidemiology; D009656:North America; D016366:Open Reading Frames; D010802:Phylogeny; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D019318:Porcine Reproductive and Respiratory Syndrome / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000821:virology; D019316:Porcine respiratory and reproductive syndrome virus / Q000145:classification* / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification; D002094:Republic of Belarus / Q000453:epidemiology; D034421:Sus scrofa; D014765:Viral Vaccines / Q000235:genetics
D004279:DNA, Viral; D014765:Viral Vaccines