title: [Optimization of biological and physical parameters for biolistic genetic transformation of common wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) using a particle inflow gun].
abstract: The parameters for delivery of expression cassettes to cells of wheat morphogenic callus induced from immature embryos were optimized. Three systems (gradation, delayed, and regeneration) for in vitro selection of transgenic wheat tissue using the bar gene, providing resistance to the herbicide phosphinothricin (PPT), were compared. The efficiency of gene delivery to the cells competent for plant regeneration was assessed by comparing the number of spots transiently expressing uidA gene (encoding beta-glucuronidase) per unit surface of the morphogenic calluses treated under various conditions. The selection systems in question were evaluated by comparing the transformation efficiency frequencies. The optimal parameters for wheat biolistic transformation using a particle inflow gun were determined, namely, the distance between the particle source and the target tissue (12 cm) and helium pressure during the shot (6 atm). The optimal time of callus tissue development on the medium inducing callus formation was determined (10-14 days). Comparison of the three selection variants demonstrated that the regeneration system was the most efficient for producing true transgenic plants of common wheat.
mesh_terms: D000613:Aminobutyrates / Q000494:pharmacology; D019470:Biolistics; D004351:Drug Resistance / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics*; D005966:Glucuronidase / Q000235:genetics; D006540:Herbicides / Q000494:pharmacology; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified / Q000235:genetics; D014170:Transformation, Genetic; D014908:Triticum / Q000166:cytology / Q000196:embryology / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D000613:Aminobutyrates; D006540:Herbicides; C003121:phosphinothricin; D005966:Glucuronidase