title: Contributions of sigB and sarA to distinct multiple antimicrobial resistance mechanisms of Staphylococcus aureus.
abstract: Multiple antimicrobial resistance in Staphylococcus aureus can result from mutations leading to reduced susceptibility to Pine oil-based cleaners (PS(RS)) as well as following growth with the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory salicylate. We now define the contributions of the alternative sigma factor (sigB) and staphylococcal accessory regulator (sarA) to these mechanisms. We conclude that sarA plays a more prominent role than sigB in overall intrinsic multiple antimicrobial resistance. Both genes have similar effects on intrinsic vancomycin resistance, and the salicylate-inducible mechanism is not sigB- or sarA-dependent. Furthermore, analyses determined that altered expression of sigB and sarA is not responsible for the salicylate-inducible mechanism, and sarA upregulation is associated with the PS(RS) phenotype.
authors.affiliation: Microbiology Group, Department of Biology, New Mexico State University, P.O. Box 30001 Dept. 3AF, Las Cruces, NM 88003-8001, USA.
authors.forename: James T
authors.initials: JT
authors.lastname: Riordan
authors.forename: Jessica O
authors.initials: JO
authors.lastname: O'Leary
authors.forename: John E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Gustafson
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D001483:Base Sequence; D017931:DNA Primers; D004352:Drug Resistance, Microbial / Q000235:genetics*; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012808:Sigma Factor / Q000235:genetics*; D013211:Staphylococcus aureus / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000235:genetics; D015534:Trans-Activators / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D017931:DNA Primers; C088021:SarA protein, bacterial; C079011:SigB protein, Bacteria; D012808:Sigma Factor; D015534:Trans-Activators