title: [In vitro antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria isolated from pleuropulmonary infections].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aspirative pleuropulmonary infections are usually caused by anaerobic flora of the mouth, mainly Prevotella, Fusobacterium and Peptostreptococcus spp. Penicillin in high doses is the traditional treatment for this type of infections but the rising resistance developed in recent years has induced the empiric use of clindamycin, increasing treatment costs.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To study antimicrobial susceptibility of anaerobic bacteria isolated from pleuropulmonary infections.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty two strains obtained from bronchoalveolar lavage and 15 strains isolated from pleural effusions between 2000 and 2002, were studied. The phenotype of strains was identified using the semiautomated API 20 A method and their susceptibility to penicillin (PNC), clindamycin (CM) and chloramphenicol (CAF) was tested using the E test methods.
  
  
  RESULTS
  All the strains were susceptible to CAF, 95% to CM and 74.4% to PNC. The predominant genus was Prevotella, which also exhibited the higher resistance.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  As CM and CAF are active "in vitro", high rates of clinical response should be expected. In contrast, PNC is less effective, especially against pigmented Prevotella.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina, Laboratorio de Bacteriología, Instituto Nacional del Tórax, Santiago de Chile.
authors.forename: Tamara
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Soler V
authors.forename: Lucía
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Salamanca F
authors.forename: Eliana
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Molina
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D001421:Bacteria, Anaerobic / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D001424:Bacterial Infections / Q000382:microbiology*; D016866:Bacteroidaceae Infections / Q000382:microbiology; D002701:Chloramphenicol / Q000494:pharmacology; D002702:Chloramphenicol Resistance; D002981:Clindamycin / Q000494:pharmacology; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005673:Fusobacterium / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D010400:Penicillin G / Q000494:pharmacology; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000382:microbiology*; D017861:Porphyromonas / Q000187:drug effects; D018720:Prevotella / Q000187:drug effects
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002981:Clindamycin; D002701:Chloramphenicol; D010400:Penicillin G