title: Molecular characterization of the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes of H5N1 influenza A viruses isolated from poultry in Vietnam from 2004 to 2005.
abstract: Highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza A viruses have been spreading among domestic poultry, wild aquatic birds, and humans in many Asian countries since 2003. The largest number of patients, to date, infected with the H5N1 viruses are in Vietnam, where these viruses continue to cause outbreaks in domestic poultry. Here, we molecularly characterized the hemagglutinin and neuraminidase genes of nine H5N1 viruses isolated between January 2004 and August 2005 from domestic poultry in Vietnam. We found that several groups of highly pathogenic H5N1 avian influenza viruses are circulating among these birds, which suggests that H5N1 viruses of different lineages have been introduced into Vietnam multiple times.
authors.affiliation: International Research Center for Infectious Diseases, Institute of Medical Science, The University of Tokyo, Tokyo, Japan.
authors.forename: Yukiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Muramoto
authors.forename: Thi Quynh Mai
authors.initials: TQ
authors.lastname: Le
authors.forename: Lien Song
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Phuong
authors.forename: Tung
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Thu Ha
authors.initials: TH
authors.lastname: Nguyen
authors.forename: Yuko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sakai-Tagawa
authors.forename: Kiyoko
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Iwatsuki-Horimoto
authors.forename: Taisuke
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Horimoto
authors.forename: Hiroshi
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kida
authors.forename: Yoshihiro
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Kawaoka
mesh_terms: D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D004196:Disease Outbreaks; D005814:Genes, Viral; D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006388:Hemagglutinins / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D053124:Influenza A Virus, H5N1 Subtype / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D005585:Influenza in Birds / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D009439:Neuraminidase / Q000235:genetics*; D010802:Phylogeny; D011200:Poultry; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000635:transmission / Q000821:virology*; D012307:Risk Factors; D016415:Sequence Alignment; D014744:Vietnam / Q000453:epidemiology; D014774:Virulence; D015047:Zoonoses
chemical_list: D019267:Hemagglutinin Glycoproteins, Influenza Virus; D006388:Hemagglutinins; D009439:Neuraminidase