Risk reduction counseling is associated with decreased HIV transmission-associated behaviors in high-risk Indian heterosexuals.
OBJECTIVE
To estimate the incidence of HIV and study the impact of risk-reduction counseling (RRC) in a cohort of people with high-risk behavior for HIV transmission in Chennai, India.


METHODS
Prospective cohort follow-up of 500 HIV-negative people (250 men and 250 women) at increased risk for HIV acquisition in Chennai, India for a maximum of 1 year was conducted. They received RRC at 0, 6, and 12 months. Generalized estimating equation methodology was used to determine the statistical significance of differences reported in behavior between baseline, 6 months, and 12 months.


RESULTS
The overall HIV incidence in this cohort was 0.44 per 100 person-years (95% confidence interval: 0.05-1.60). In the course of the study, both male and female participants reported statistically significant decreases in the number of different sexual partners, the number of new partners, and the proportion of sexual encounters with nonprimary partners. Participants who had more than 3 different partners at baseline and/or exchanged money for sex in the 6 months before enrollment demonstrated the greatest reductions in the number of different sexual partners.


CONCLUSIONS
Individualized sexual RRC seems to be a useful intervention to reduce risk-taking behavior among at-risk heterosexuals in India.
Solomon
Sunil S
SS
YR Gaitonde Center for AIDS Research and Education (YRG CARE), Chennai, India.
Solomon
Suniti
S
Masse
Benoit R
BR
Srikrishnan
A K
AK
Beauchamp
Geetha
G
Thamburaj
Easter
E
Gulvady
Menaka
M
Anand
S
S
Mayer
Kenneth H
KH
D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D003376:Counseling; D005260:Female; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000635:transmission*; D006801:Humans; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D012307:Risk Factors; D012725:Sexual Behavior