title: [Estrogenic and androgenic effects of low dose raw water organics].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the estrogenic and (anti)androgenic effects caused by low-dose raw water organic compounds.
  
  
  METHODS
  The organic compounds from raw water was concentrated with solid-phase extraction. Rodent 3-day Uterotrophic Assay and Hershberger assay, the assays recommended in EPA Tier 1 Screening Program for EDCs, were employed to investigate estrogenic and (anti) androgenic effects of these chemical mixture exposure. Doses equivalent to human daily intake were administered to laboratory animals.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Low-dose effects of water organic compounds,which refer to levels of human daily water intake, did not show a statistical difference of weights of mouse uterus and rat sexual accessory glands(SAG) from the negative control in Uterotrophic Assay and Hershberger Assay, except the height of uterus epithelial in 4.0 L / 60 kg was significant difference with negative control.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Based upon the water sample tested, it did not suggest that the low-dose raw water organic compounds exposure equivalent to people daily drinking water intake cause rodents (anti)androgenic in vivo effects, but it demonstrated a suspected estrogenic effect.
authors.affiliation: Key Laboratory of the Public Health and Safety Ministry of Education Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China.
authors.forename: Guo-zhou
authors.initials: GZ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Yu-jie
authors.initials: YJ
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xia
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Li-hong
authors.initials: LH
authors.lastname: Yin
mesh_terms: D000728:Androgens / Q000633:toxicity*; D000818:Animals; D002681:China; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D005618:Fresh Water / Q000032:analysis; D051379:Mice; D008813:Mice, Inbred ICR; D009930:Organic Chemicals / Q000633:toxicity*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D018675:Toxicity Tests; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000032:analysis*; D014881:Water Supply / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000728:Androgens; D004968:Estrogens, Non-Steroidal; D009930:Organic Chemicals; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical