title: Hemopoietic cell transplantation as curative therapy of myelodysplastic syndromes and myeloproliferative disorders.
abstract: Hemopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) is presently the only therapy with curative potential for myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS) and myeloproliferative disorders (MPD). Among patients with less advanced MDS, 3-year survival figures of 65-80% are achieved with human leukocyte antigen (HLA)-identical related and unrelated donors. The probability of relapse is less than 5%. Among patients with advanced MDS (> or = 5% marrow blasts), about 35-50% of patients transplanted from related donors, and 25-40% transplanted from unrelated donors are surviving in remission beyond 3 years. The incidence of post-transplant relapse is 10-35%. Criteria of the International Prognostic Scoring System (IPSS) predict relapse and survival following HCT. In patients with myelofibrosis, allogeneic transplantation is successful in 50-80%, if performed during the fibrosis stage. The success rate declines to 25-40%, if the transplant is performed after leukemic transformation has occurred. About 40% of patients with chronic myelomonocytic leukemia survive in remission after transplantation. Results obtained with low/reduced-intensity conditioning regimens are encouraging because of a low incidence of early mortality. However, retrospective analyses comparing low intensity and conventional conditioning regimens have yielded inconclusive results regarding long-term outcome. Co-morbid conditions present at the time of transplantation have a major negative effect on transplant outcome. Controlled prospective trials are needed.
authors.affiliation: Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, 1100 Fairview Avenue North, D1-100, P.O. Box 19024, Seattle, WA 98109-1024, USA.
authors.forename: Bart
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Scott
authors.forename: H Joachim
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Deeg
mesh_terms: D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation; D006801:Humans; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000601:surgery*; D009196:Myeloproliferative Disorders / Q000601:surgery*