title: The role of growth hormone and amino acids on brain protein synthesis in aged rats given proteins of different quantity and quality.
abstract: The purpose of the present study was to determine whether the regulation of brain protein synthesis was mediated through changes in the plasma concentrations of insulin and growth hormone (GH), and whether the concentrations of amino acids in the brain and plasma regulate the brain protein synthesis when the quantity and quality of dietary protein is manipulated. Two experiments were done on three groups of aged rats given diets containing 20% casein, 5% casein or 0% casein (Experiment 1), and 20% casein, 20% gluten, or 20% gelatin (Experiment 2) for 1 d (only one 5-h period) after all rats were fed the 20% casein diet for 10 d (only 5-h feeding per day). The aggregation of brain ribosomes, the concentration in plasma GH, and the branched chain amino acids in the plasma and cerebral cortex declined with a decrease of quantity and quality of dietary protein. The concentration of plasma insulin did not differ among groups. The results suggest that the ingestion of a higher quantity and quality of dietary protein increases the concentrations of GH and several amino acids in aged rats, and that the concentrations of GH and amino acids are at least partly related to the mechanism by which the dietary protein affects brain protein synthesis in aged rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Home Economics, Aichi University of Education, Kariya, Aichi, Japan.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohsumi
authors.forename: X
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Shi
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tuchiya
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Tujioka
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lyou
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Hayase
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yokogoshi
mesh_terms: D000375:Aging; D000596:Amino Acids / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D001921:Brain / Q000378:metabolism*; D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000378:metabolism; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000378:metabolism*; D008297:Male; D008954:Models, Biological; D011132:Polyribosomes / Q000378:metabolism; D014176:Protein Biosynthesis; D011506:Proteins / Q000737:chemistry*; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D000596:Amino Acids; D004044:Dietary Proteins; D011506:Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D013006:Growth Hormone