A predictive model for the detection of tumor lysis syndrome during AML induction therapy.
Tumor lysis syndrome (TLS) is defined by metabolic derangements occurring in the setting of rapid tumor destruction. In acute myelogenous leukemia (AML), TLS frequency, risk stratification, monitoring, and management strategies are based largely on case series and data from other malignancies. A single-center, retrospective cohort study was conducted to estimate TLS incidence and identify TLS predictive factors in a patient population undergoing myeloid leukemia induction chemotherapy. This study included 194 patients, aged 18-86 years, with AML or advanced myelodysplastic syndrome undergoing primary myeloid leukemia induction chemotherapy. Nineteen patients (9.8%) developed TLS. In univariate analysis, elevated pre-chemotherapy values for uric acid (P < 0.0001), creatinine (P = 0.0025), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) (P = 0.0001), white blood cell (P = 0.0058), gender (P = 0.0064) and chronic myelomonocytic leukemia history (P = 0.0292) were significant predictors. In multivariate analysis, LDH (P = 0.0042), uric acid (P < 0.0001) and gender (P = 0.0073) remained significant TLS predictors. A predictive model was then designed using a scoring system based on these factors. This analysis may lay the groundwork for the development of the first evidence-based guidelines for TLS monitoring and management in this patient population.
Mato
Anthony R
AR
Hematologic Malignancies Program, Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, University of Pennsylvania Medical Center, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA.
Riccio
Brett E
BE
Qin
Li
L
Heitjan
Daniel F
DF
Carroll
Martin
M
Loren
Alison
A
Porter
David L
DL
Perl
Alexander
A
Stadtmauer
Edward
E
Tsai
Donald
D
Gewirtz
Alan
A
Luger
Selina M
SM
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015331:Cohort Studies; D006801:Humans; D015470:Leukemia, Myeloid, Acute / Q000188:drug therapy*; D008875:Middle Aged; D009190:Myelodysplastic Syndromes / Q000188:drug therapy; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012074:Remission Induction / Q000379:methods; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015275:Tumor Lysis Syndrome / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000628:therapy