title: Choline supplementation facilitates short-term memory consolidation into intermediate long-term memory of young Sprague-Dawley rats.
abstract: Choline is important for the synthesis of acetylcholine, an integral neurotransmitter involved in memory formation. In order to investigate the effect of choline supplementation on memory consolidation, the study utilized a T-maze to facilitate passive avoidance learning and memory in young female Sprague-Dawley rats. Rats were placed in two groups; choline-supplemented that received choline chloride daily for two weeks, and control that received vehicle daily for two weeks. Rats were evaluated to determine their ability to avoid an aversive electric foot-shock (0.1 mA at 60V) when they characteristically entered the preferred dark area (DA) of the T-maze. Both groups of rats showed preference, without significant difference, for entry into DA of the T-maze. However, fifteen minutes after passive avoidance both choline supplemented and control rats avoided entry into DA. This display of DA avoidance 15 minutes after training, suggests that both groups of rats had acquired short-term memory of the aversive stimulus. However, when the test was repeated 24 hours after training, the control group did not avoid entry into DA, whereas the choline-supplemented group either avoided entry or entered after a significantly longer latency period (p < 0.01). These results suggest that supplementation with choline facilitated the consolidation of short-term memory of the avoidance learning into intermediate long-term memory in young rats.
authors.affiliation: Department of Basic Medical Sciences, The University of The West Indies, Kingston 7, Jamaica. Maxine.gossell@uwimona.edu.jm
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gossell-Williams
authors.forename: O
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Young
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: West
mesh_terms: D000367:Age Factors; D000818:Animals; D001362:Avoidance Learning / Q000187:drug effects*; D002794:Choline / Q000494:pharmacology*; D019587:Dietary Supplements; D005260:Female; D008568:Memory / Q000187:drug effects; D008570:Memory, Short-Term / Q000187:drug effects*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: D002794:Choline