title: A comparison of dehydration effects of V2-antagonist (OPC-31260) on the inner ear between systemic and round window applications.
abstract: V2-antagonist (OPC-31260 (OPC)) application to the scala tympani reduced endolymphatic hydrops. In the present study, we investigated whether systemic administration or local infusion via the round window (RW application) of OPC would be more suitable for clinical use. In Experiment 1, the increase ratios of the cross-sectional area of the scala media of experimentally induced endolymphatic hydrops were quantitatively assessed among four groups of non-OPC application, RW application of xanthan gum, systemic application of OPC and RW application of OPC. In Experiment 2, the effects of systemic and RW applications of OPC on plasma vasopressin (p-VP) concentrations and plasma osmolality (p-OSM) were investigated. In Experiment 3, endocochlear DC potential (EP) was measured in guinea pigs with the RW application of OPC. Electron microscopic observations of the stria vascularis and the hair cells were also made. Both systemic and RW applications of OPC significantly reduced endolymphatic hydrops. However, systemic application resulted in the distension of the Reissner's membrane in the non-operated ear, which seemed to be caused by elevated p-VP levels resulting from the systemic application of OPC. In contrast, RW application of OPC produced no apparent toxic effects in the inner ear, as indicated electrophysiological or morphological changes. Thus, drug delivery via the round window is more useful for the clinical application of OPC for medical decompression.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Kochi Medical School, Kohasu, Kochi 783-8505, Japan. takedat@med.kochi-u.ac.jp
authors.forename: Taizo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Setsuko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Takeda
authors.forename: Akinobu
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kakigi
authors.forename: Teruhiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Okada
authors.forename: Rie
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nishioka
authors.forename: Daizo
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Taguchi
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000818:Animals; D065092:Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists; D001552:Benzazepines / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D018159:Endolymphatic Hydrops / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006168:Guinea Pigs; D006801:Humans; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D008575:Meniere Disease / Q000188:drug therapy; D008854:Microscopy, Electron; D017483:Receptors, Vasopressin / Q000502:physiology; D012405:Round Window, Ear / Q000187:drug effects / Q000503:physiopathology
chemical_list: D065092:Antidiuretic Hormone Receptor Antagonists; D001552:Benzazepines; D017483:Receptors, Vasopressin; C076251:mozavaptan