title: Positive inotropic effect of Murraya koenigii (Linn.) Spreng extract on an isolated perfused frog heart.
abstract: Ethanolic extract of fresh leaves of M. koenigii (MKEE) showed a dose dependent positive inotropic effect on isolated frog heart. The responses to MKEE (62.5-1000 microg) were not affected in either way by theophylline, imidazole, propranolol and sildenafil. The change in potassium and sodium concentration did not alter MKEE-induced positive inotropic effect. Lignocaine did not alter the responses to MKEE significantly. Responses to MKEE were significantly inhibited when calcium concentration was reduced to half (from 1.58 to 0.79 mM) and were significantly potentiated when calcium concentration was doubled (from 1.58 to 3.16 mM). Verapamil was found to inhibit the responses significantly. The results suggest that M. koenigii induced positive inotropic effect possibly by increasing availability of calcium from extra cellular sites.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences & Technology, Institute of Chemical Technology, University of Mumbai, Matunga, Mumbai 400 019, India.
authors.forename: Kunal J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Shah
authors.forename: Archana R
authors.initials: AR
authors.lastname: Juvekar
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D002118:Calcium / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000431:Ethanol / Q000494:pharmacology; D006321:Heart / Q000187:drug effects*; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D008012:Lidocaine / Q000494:pharmacology; D032101:Murraya / Q000378:metabolism*; D009206:Myocardium / Q000378:metabolism*; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D010879:Piperazines / Q000494:pharmacology; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011433:Propranolol / Q000494:pharmacology; D011687:Purines; D011898:Ranidae; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013450:Sulfones; D013806:Theophylline / Q000494:pharmacology; D014665:Vasodilator Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D014700:Verapamil / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D000889:Anti-Arrhythmia Agents; D007093:Imidazoles; D010726:Phosphodiesterase Inhibitors; D010879:Piperazines; D010936:Plant Extracts; D011687:Purines; D013450:Sulfones; D014665:Vasodilator Agents; D000431:Ethanol; C029899:imidazole; D008012:Lidocaine; D011433:Propranolol; D000068677:Sildenafil Citrate; D013806:Theophylline; D014700:Verapamil; D002118:Calcium