title: Central and peripheral contributions to fatigue after electrostimulation training.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  We examined the effect of 4 (WK4) and 8 wk (WK8) of neuromuscular electrical stimulation (NMES) training on both endurance time and mechanisms contributing to task failure.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten males performed a fatiguing isometric contraction with the knee extensor muscles at 20% of maximal voluntary contraction (MVC) until exhaustion before (B), at WK4, and at WK8 of NMES training. The electromyographic (EMG) activity and muscle activation obtained under MVC were recorded before and after the fatiguing task to assess central fatigue. Torque and EMG responses obtained under electrically evoked contractions were examined before and after the fatiguing task to analyze peripheral fatigue.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Knee extensor MVC torque increased significantly between B and WK4 (+16%), between WK4 and WK8 (+10%), and between B and WK8 (+26%), which meant that the average target torque sustained during the fatiguing contraction increased between the testing sessions. Endurance time decreased significantly over the three sessions (493+/-101 s at B, 408+/-159 s at WK4, and 338+/-126 s at WK8) despite a similar reduction in knee extensor MVC (approximately 25%). Negative correlations were found between endurance time absolute changes and target torque absolute gains. Average EMG activity of the knee extensor muscles was lower after training, but the mean rate of increase was similar over the three sessions. Single-twitch contractile properties were not affected by the task.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We conclude that the endurance time was shorter after 4 and 8 wk of NMES training, and this was associated with higher absolute contraction intensity. Despite endurance time reduction, NMES training did not affect the amount of fatigue at exhaustion nor the central and peripheral contributions to fatigue.
authors.affiliation: Motricity Plasticity Laboratory, Faculty of Sport Sciences, University of Burgundy, Dijon Cedex, FRANCE. julien.gondin@u-bourgogne.fr
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gondin
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guette
authors.forename: Marc
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jubeau
authors.forename: Yves
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ballay
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Martin
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004558:Electric Stimulation; D004576:Electromyography; D005246:Feedback; D005267:Femoral Nerve / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D007537:Isometric Contraction / Q000502:physiology; D008297:Male; D009119:Muscle Contraction / Q000502:physiology*; D018763:Muscle Fatigue / Q000502:physiology*; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000294:innervation / Q000502:physiology; D009469:Neuromuscular Junction / Q000502:physiology; D010807:Physical Endurance / Q000502:physiology; D010809:Physical Fitness / Q000502:physiology*; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted; D013997:Time Factors; D019415:Torque