title: Optimal utilization of donor grafts with extended criteria: a single-center experience in over 1000 liver transplants.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Severely limited organ resources mandate maximum utilization of donor allografts for orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT). This work aimed to identify factors that impact survival outcomes for extended criteria donors (ECD) and developed an ECD scoring system to facilitate graft-recipient matching and optimize utilization of ECDs.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective analysis of over 1000 primary adult OLTs at UCLA. Extended criteria (EC) considered included donor age (>55 years), donor hospital stay (>5 days), cold ischemia time (>10 hours), and warm ischemia time (>40 minutes). One point was assigned for each extended criterion. Cox proportional hazard regression model was used for multivariate analysis.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 1153 allografts considered in the study, 568 organs exhibited no extended criteria (0 score), while 429, 135 and 21 donor allografts exhibited an EC score of 1, 2 and 3, respectively. Overall 1-year patient survival rates were 88%, 82%, 77% and 48% for recipients with EC scores of 0, 1, 2 and 3 respectively (P < 0.001). Adjusting for recipient age and urgency at the time of transplantation, multivariate analysis identified an ascending mortality risk ratio of 1.4 and 1.8 compared to a score of 0 for an EC score of 1, and 2 (P < 0.01) respectively. In contrast, an EC score of 3 was associated with a mortality risk ratio of 4.5 (P < 0.001). Further, advanced recipient age linearly increased the death hazard ratio, while an urgent recipient status increased the risk ratio of death by 50%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Extended criteria donors can be scored using readily available parameters. Optimizing perioperative variables and matching ECD allografts to appropriately selected recipients are crucial to maintain acceptable outcomes and represent a preferable alternative to both high waiting list mortality and to a potentially futile transplant that utilizes an ECD for a critically ill recipient.
authors.affiliation: Dumont-UCLA Liver Transplant Center, and Department of Surgery, David Geffen School of Medicine at UCLA, 10833 LeConte Avenue, Los Angeles, CA 90095, USA. acameron@mednet.ucla.edu
authors.forename: Andrew M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Cameron
authors.forename: R Mark
authors.initials: RM
authors.lastname: Ghobrial
authors.forename: Hasan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yersiz
authors.forename: Douglas G
authors.initials: DG
authors.lastname: Farmer
authors.forename: Gerald S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Lipshutz
authors.forename: Sherilyn A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zimmerman
authors.forename: Johnny
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Thomas E
authors.initials: TE
authors.lastname: Collins
authors.forename: Jeffery
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gornbein
authors.forename: Farin
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Amersi
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Weaver
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Cao
authors.forename: Tony
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Jonathan R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Hiatt
authors.forename: Ronald W
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Busuttil
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006084:Graft Rejection / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006085:Graft Survival; D006801:Humans; D015994:Incidence; D017093:Liver Failure / Q000401:mortality / Q000601:surgery*; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000401:mortality / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D008875:Middle Aged; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012307:Risk Factors; D015996:Survival Rate / Q000639:trends; D013997:Time Factors; D014019:Tissue Donors / Q000600:supply & distribution*; D014850:Waiting Lists