title: The diagnosis of osteomyelitis of the foot in diabetes: microbiological examination vs. magnetic resonance imaging and labelled leucocyte scanning.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Foot infections and their sequelae are among the most common and severe complications of diabetes mellitus. As diabetic patients with foot infections develop osteomyelitis and may progress to amputation, early diagnosis of osteomyelitis is critical.
  
  
  METHODS
  We compared the diagnostic values of labelled leucocyte scanning with Tc(99)m, magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and microbiological examination of bone tissue specimens with histopathology, the definitive diagnostic procedure. Thirty-one diabetic patients with foot lesions were enrolled in the study and histopathological examination was performed in all. Patients had clinically suspected foot lesions of > or = grade 3 according to the classification of Wagner.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Bone specimens were obtained for histopathological examination. Microbiology had a sensitivity of 92% and specificity of 60%. Labelled leucocyte scanning had a sensitivity of 91%, specificity of 67%, and MRI a sensitivity of 78%, specificity of 60%.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Microbiological examination may be as useful as and less costly than other diagnostic procedures and is the only method which can guide the choice of antibiotic therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Infectious Diseases and Clinical Microbiology, Adnan Menderes University Medical Faculty, Aydin, Turkey. mbulentertugrul@yahoo.com
authors.forename: M B
authors.initials: MB
authors.lastname: Ertugrul
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Baktiroglu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Salman
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Unal
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Aksoy
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Berberoglu
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Calangu
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D001799:Blood Sedimentation; D001853:Bone Marrow / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology; D002097:C-Reactive Protein / Q000032:analysis; D017719:Diabetic Foot / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007553:Isotope Labeling; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D007962:Leukocytes / Q000276:immunology; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010019:Osteomyelitis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000276:immunology / Q000382:microbiology; D011877:Radionuclide Imaging; D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D019690:Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime; D013669:Technetium Tc 99m Medronate
chemical_list: D019275:Radiopharmaceuticals; D019690:Technetium Tc 99m Exametazime; D002097:C-Reactive Protein; D013669:Technetium Tc 99m Medronate