Granulocytic invasion of the central nervous system after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for systemic lupus erythematosus.
We report on the likely mechanism of an exacerbation of neurological symptoms developed during immune reconstitution after autologous non-myeloablative hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in a 33-year-old man with systemic lupus erythematosus- associated recurrent transverse myelitis. Cerebrospinal fluid examination revealed prominent neutrophilic pleocytosis and no evidence of infection or of reactivation of lupus. Following a course of corticosteroid treatment the exacerbation resolved completely and the patient's neurological function continued to improve, resulting in net gain above pre-treatment for over 1 year follow-up without maintenance immunosuppression. Granulocytic invasion of the central nervous system represents a novel and possibly preventable cause of neurological complications during haematologic reconstitution.
Muraro
Paolo A
PA
National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
Nikolov
Nikolay P
NP
Butman
John A
JA
Abati
Andrea
A
Gea-Banacloche
Juan
J
Gress
Ronald
R
Lipsky
Peter
P
Illei
Gabor
G
Pavletic
Steven
S
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D002493:Central Nervous System Diseases / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy; D006098:Granulocytes / Q000473:pathology*; D019650:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Mobilization; D018380:Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects*; D006801:Humans; D007958:Leukocyte Count; D008180:Lupus Erythematosus, Systemic / Q000628:therapy*; D008297:Male; D008775:Methylprednisolone / Q000627:therapeutic use; D009504:Neutrophils
D000305:Adrenal Cortex Hormones; D008775:Methylprednisolone