title: Effect of oestradiol on PAMP-mediated CCL20/MIP-3 alpha production by mouse uterine epithelial cells in culture.
abstract: The present study was undertaken to establish whether mouse uterine epithelial cells produce CCL20/macrophage inflammatory protein 3 alpha (CCL20/MIP-3 alpha) and to determine whether secretion is under hormonal control and influenced by pathogen-associated molecular patterns (PAMPs). In the absence of PAMPs, polarized uterine epithelial cells grown to confluence on cell culture inserts constitutively secreted CCL20/MIP-3 alpha with preferential accumulation into the apical compartment. When epithelial cells were treated with the Toll-like receptor (TLR) agonists Pam3Cys (TLR2/1), peptidoglycan (TLR2/6) or lipopolysaccharide (LPS; TLR4), CCL20/MIP-3 alpha increased rapidly (4 hr) in both apical and basolateral secretions. Time-course studies indicated that responses to PAMPs added to the apical surface persisted for 12-72 hr. Stimulation with loxoribin (TLR7) and DNA CpG motif (TLR9) increased basolateral but not apical secretion of CCL20/MIP-3 alpha. In contrast, the viral agonist Poly(I:C) (TLR3) had no effect on either apical or basolateral secretion. In other studies, we found that oestradiol added to the culture media decreased the constitutive release of CCL20/MIP-3 alpha. Moreover, when added to the culture media along with LPS, oestradiol inhibited LPS-induced increases in CCL20/MIP-3 alpha secretion into both the apical and basolateral compartments. In summary, these results indicate that CCL20/MIP-3 alpha is produced in response to PAMPs. Since CCL20/MIP-3 alpha is chemotactic for immature dendritic cells, B cells and memory T cells and has antimicrobial properties, these studies suggest that CCL20/MIP-3 alpha production by epithelial cells, an important part of the innate immune defence in the female reproductive tract, is under hormonal control and is responsive to microbial challenge.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physiology, Dartmouth Medical School, Lebanon, NH 03765, USA.
authors.forename: Gisela
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Soboll
authors.forename: Mardi A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Crane-Godreau
authors.forename: Magdalena A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Lyimo
authors.forename: Charles R
authors.initials: CR
authors.lastname: Wira
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D054418:Chemokine CCL20; D019742:Chemokines, CC / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D004151:Dipeptides / Q000494:pharmacology; D004847:Epithelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects / Q000276:immunology; D004958:Estradiol / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005260:Female; D006151:Guanosine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000494:pharmacology; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides / Q000494:pharmacology; D008074:Lipoproteins / Q000494:pharmacology; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D010457:Peptidoglycan / Q000494:pharmacology; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors / Q000819:agonists; D014599:Uterus / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000276:immunology
chemical_list: C108355:CCL20 protein, human; D054418:Chemokine CCL20; D019742:Chemokines, CC; D004151:Dipeptides; D008070:Lipopolysaccharides; D008074:Lipoproteins; D019402:Macrophage Inflammatory Proteins; D010457:Peptidoglycan; D051193:Toll-Like Receptors; D006151:Guanosine; D004958:Estradiol; C047210:2,3-bis-(palmitoyloxy)-2-propyl-N-palmitoyl-cysteinylserine; C068562:loxoribine