[Effect of diet and PPARgamma2 and beta2-adrenergic receptor genes on energy metabolism and body composition in obese women].
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the effect of diet and PPARgamma2 and beta2-adrenergic receptor genes on energy metabolism and body composition in obese women.


METHODS
60 obese women, aged 34.59 +/- 7.56 years were studied at the Department of Physiology and Nutrition at Navarra University. Anthropometric, biochemical, metabolic and molecular evaluations were carried out, and the women were submitted to short-term and long-term hypocaloric diets, varying the macronutrients. The groups were formed according to gene polymorphism, as follows: Pro12Pro(PPARgamma2)/Gln27Gln (beta2-adrenergic receptor genes) - A, Pro12Pro (PPARgamma2)/Gln27Glu (beta2-adrenergic receptor genes) - B, Pro12Pro (PPARgamma2)/ Glu27Glu (beta2-adrenergic receptor genes)-C and Pro1Ala (PPARgamma2)/Gln27Glu beta2-adrenergic receptor genes) - D.


RESULTS
In group A, fat oxidation was correlated positively with body mass index (BMI), but an increase in fat and saturated fatty acids (SFA) in the diet did not reflect in increased oxidation. In group B, total fat and SFA intake did not lead to fat oxidation increase. In group C, fat and complex carbohydrates (CHO) resulted in lower fat oxidation, and long-term increase of monounsaturated fatty acid (MUFA) intake resulted in increase of CHO oxidation and smaller weight loss. In group D, greater energy expenditure was obtained after diet high in SFA in a short-term, and fat basal and postprandial oxidation correlated positively with its intake. Hypocaloric diet high in polyunsaturated fatty acid (PUFA) resulted in increase of fat oxidation.


CONCLUSIONS
Polymorphism in PPARgamma2 gene resulted in increased fat oxidation, regardless of genotype of beta2-adrenergic receptor gene. It is recommended control of the total intake of fats and SFA in Pro12Pro/Gln27Gln and Pro12Pro/Gln27Glu, and complex CHO and MUFA in Pro12Pro/Glu27Glu. In Pro12Ala/Gln27Glu, AGPI intake can result in greater body weight loss.
Rosado
E L
EL
Departamento de Nutrição e Dietética Instituto de Nutrição Josué de Castro, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brasil. elianerosado@nutr
Bressan
J
J
Hernández
J A M
JA
Martins
M F
MF
Cecon
P R
PR
D000328:Adult; D001823:Body Composition / Q000235:genetics*; D004032:Diet; D004734:Energy Metabolism / Q000235:genetics*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009765:Obesity / Q000235:genetics*; D047495:PPAR gamma / Q000235:genetics*; D048068:PPAR-beta / Q000235:genetics*; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic / Q000235:genetics*
D047495:PPAR gamma; D048068:PPAR-beta; D011941:Receptors, Adrenergic