title: Prevalence and course of strabismus in the first year of life for infants with prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity: findings from the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To present strabismus data for premature infants with prethreshold retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) enrolled in the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The prevalence of strabismus was tabulated for all of the infants with high-risk prethreshold disease who participated in the randomized trial of the Early Treatment for Retinopathy of Prematurity study and were examined at 6 and/or 9 months' corrected age as well as for all of the infants with low-risk prethreshold disease who were examined at 6 months' corrected age.
  
  
  METHODS
  Presence or absence of strabismus at 6 and 9 months' corrected age.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of strabismus at 6 months was higher for infants with high-risk prethreshold ROP than for those with low-risk prethreshold ROP (20.3% vs 9.6%, respectively; P<.001). Risk factors associated with the development of strabismus at 9 months include abnormal fixation behavior, presence of amblyopia, and outborn birth status (ie, born outside of a study-affiliated hospital). At 9 months, 30% of infants with high-risk prethreshold ROP had strabismus, although only 42% showed strabismus at 6 months. Thirty percent of infants with strabismus at 6 months showed normal alignment at 9 months.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Infants with high-risk prethreshold ROP show significant variability in the presence vs absence of strabismus in the first year of life; thus, conservative management is recommended.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ophthalmologists managing strabismus in infants who have high-risk prethreshold ROP should be aware of the significant variability in ocular alignment during the first year of life.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Children's Hospital Boston, Harvard Medical School, Boston, Mass 02115, USA. deborah.vanderveen@childrens.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Deborah K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: VanderVeen
authors.forename: David K
authors.initials: DK
authors.lastname: Coats
authors.forename: Velma
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Dobson
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fredrick
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Gordon
authors.forename: Robert J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Hardy
authors.forename: Daniel E
authors.initials: DE
authors.lastname: Neely
authors.forename: Earl A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Palmer
authors.forename: Scott M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Steidl
authors.forename: Betty
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tung
authors.forename: William V
authors.initials: WV
authors.lastname: Good
mesh_terms: D005260:Female; D005865:Gestational Age; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D007231:Infant, Newborn; D007234:Infant, Premature; D019102:Infant, Very Low Birth Weight; D017075:Laser Coagulation; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012178:Retinopathy of Prematurity / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000601:surgery; D012307:Risk Factors; D013285:Strabismus / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000503:physiopathology*; D014792:Visual Acuity