title: Striatal functional alteration in adolescents characterized by early childhood behavioral inhibition.
abstract: The temperamental style of behavioral inhibition has been characterized by exaggerated behavioral and neural responses to cues signaling threat. Virtually no work, however, has addressed whether behavioral inhibition may also confer heightened brain activation in response to positively valenced incentives. We used event-related functional MRI (fMRI) and a monetary incentive delay task to examine whether the neural response to incentives is also greater in adolescents characterized as behaviorally inhibited early in life compared with those characterized as non-inhibited. Whereas task performance did not differ between groups, fMRI revealed greater striatal activation to incentives in behaviorally inhibited adolescents than in non-inhibited adolescents. This was regardless of whether the incentive was an anticipated gain or loss. Alteration in neural systems underlying behavior modulated by both negative and positive contingencies may represent a correlate of behavioral inhibition that also underlies vulnerability to various forms of developmental psychopathology.
authors.affiliation: Emotional Development and Affective Neuroscience Branch, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health (NIH), Bethesda, Maryland 20892, USA. amandaguyer@mail.nih.gov
authors.forename: Amanda E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Guyer
authors.forename: Eric E
authors.initials: EE
authors.lastname: Nelson
authors.forename: Koraly
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Perez-Edgar
authors.forename: Michael G
authors.initials: MG
authors.lastname: Hardin
authors.forename: Roxann
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Roberson-Nay
authors.forename: Christopher S
authors.initials: CS
authors.lastname: Monk
authors.forename: James M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Bjork
authors.forename: Heather A
authors.initials: HA
authors.lastname: Henderson
authors.forename: Daniel S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Pine
authors.forename: Nathan A
authors.initials: NA
authors.lastname: Fox
authors.forename: Monique
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ernst
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000367:Age Factors; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001288:Attention; D001931:Brain Mapping; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003342:Corpus Striatum / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000254:growth & development*; D005260:Female; D007839:Functional Laterality; D006801:Humans; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods; D007223:Infant; D007266:Inhibition, Psychological; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D009042:Motivation; D010100:Oxygen / Q000097:blood; D011930:Reaction Time
chemical_list: D010100:Oxygen