title: Locally recurrent, previously irradiated head and neck cancer: concurrent re-irradiation and chemotherapy, or chemotherapy alone?
abstract: Patients with locally recurrent head and neck cancer previously treated with radiation have a poor prognosis. Administration of a second course of radiation to tissues within a previous radiation portal, has been traditionally considered unsafe. Survival rates of highly selected patients treated with concurrent chemotherapy and re-irradiation may be as high as 25% at 2 years--exceeding the outcome of matched historical controls treated with chemotherapy alone (10%). However, many questions exist regarding the use of re-irradiation. Uncertainty exists over the criteria for selecting patients who are most appropriate for treatment with re-irradiation. Even greater concern exists regarding toxicity and functional sequelae associated with the use of re-irradiation. Whether the benefits of re-irradiation on locoregional disease control and survival outweigh its potentially severe and life-threatening adverse effects is not clear. In this review, we will discuss re-irradiation and other treatment options for squamous cell carcinoma patients with previously irradiated, locoregional recurrent or second primary tumors in the head and neck, and describe a recently initiated randomized trial comparing chemotherapy plus re-irradiation with chemotherapy.
authors.affiliation: Division of Neoplastic Diseases, Department of Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA. swong@mcw.edu
authors.forename: Stuart J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: Mitchell
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Machtay
authors.forename: Yi
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
mesh_terms: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002294:Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D002945:Cisplatin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005472:Fluorouracil / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006258:Head and Neck Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D006801:Humans; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D016609:Neoplasms, Second Primary / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D017239:Paclitaxel / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018579:Patient Selection; D016032:Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic; D018570:Risk Assessment; D016879:Salvage Therapy; D016019:Survival Analysis; D017211:Treatment Failure
chemical_list: D000970:Antineoplastic Agents; D017239:Paclitaxel; D002945:Cisplatin; D005472:Fluorouracil