title: Unusual entropy-driven affinity of Chromobacterium violaceum lectin CV-IIL toward fucose and mannose.
abstract: The purple pigmented bacterium Chromobacterium violaceum is a dominant component of tropical soil microbiota that can cause rare but fatal septicaemia in humans. Its sequenced genome provides insight into the abundant potential of this organism for biotechnological and pharmaceutical applications and allowed an ORF encoding a protein that is 60% identical to the fucose binding lectin (PA-IIL) from Pseudomonas aeruginosa and the mannose binding lectin (RS-IIL) from Ralstonia solanacearum to be identified. The lectin, CV-IIL, has recently been purified from C. violaceum [Zinger-Yosovich, K., Sudakevitz, D., Imberty, A., Garber, N. C., and Gilboa-Garber, N. (2006) Microbiology 152, 457-463] and has been confirmed to be a tetramer with subunit size of 11.86 kDa and a binding preference for fucose. We describe here the cloning of CV-IIL and its expression as a recombinant protein. A complete structure-function characterization has been made in an effort to analyze the specificity and affinity of CV-IIL for fucose and mannose. Crystal structures of CV-IIL complexes with monosaccharides have yielded the molecular basis of the specificity. Each monomer contains two close calcium cations that mediate the binding of the monosaccharides, which occurs in different orientations for fucose and mannose. The thermodynamics of binding has been analyzed by titration microcalorimetry, giving dissociation constants of 1.7 and 19 microM for alpha-methyl fucoside and alpha-methyl mannoside, respectively. Further analysis demonstrated a strongly favorable entropy term that is unusual in carbohydrate binding. A comparison with both PA-IIL and RS-IIL, which have binding preferences for fucose and mannose, respectively, yielded insights into the monosaccharide specificity of this important class of soluble bacterial lectins.
authors.affiliation: National Centre for Biomolecular Research and Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kotlarska 2, 611 37 Brno, Czech Republic.
authors.forename: Martina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pokorná
authors.forename: Gianluca
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Cioci
authors.forename: Stephanie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Perret
authors.forename: Etienne
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rebuffet
authors.forename: Nikola
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kostlánová
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Adam
authors.forename: Nechama
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Gilboa-Garber
authors.forename: Edward P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Mitchell
authors.forename: Anne
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Imberty
authors.forename: Michaela
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wimmerová
mesh_terms: D001426:Bacterial Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D001665:Binding Sites; D002118:Calcium / Q000737:chemistry; D002861:Chromobacterium / Q000737:chemistry / Q000378:metabolism*; D003460:Crystallization; D019277:Entropy; D005643:Fucose / Q000378:metabolism; D006860:Hydrogen Bonding; D037102:Lectins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D008358:Mannose / Q000378:metabolism; D037601:Mannose-Binding Lectin / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D008958:Models, Molecular; D011485:Protein Binding; D017433:Protein Structure, Secondary; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012995:Solubility; D055672:Static Electricity; D013329:Structure-Activity Relationship
chemical_list: D001426:Bacterial Proteins; D037102:Lectins; D037601:Mannose-Binding Lectin; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C027112:fucose-binding lectin; D005643:Fucose; D008358:Mannose; D002118:Calcium