title: [Obstetric lesions of brachial plexus].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Obstetrical brachial plexus lesion (OBPL) (also known in its various forms as Erb's palsy, Klumpke's paralysis, Erb-Duchenne palsy) complicates a very small proportion of births. Furthermore, it seems that more likely many cases recover with little in the way of remaining deficit, but it is equally certain that some cases will not recover. Electro diagnostic examinations are used as following the physical examination and can provide data on both the severity and timing of the injury. The initial study usually is performed 2-3 weeks after injury, when signs of enervation are seen in children with moderate or serious injuries. The incidence of obstetric brachial plexus palsy varies from 0.4 to 1 case per 1000 new born children. This incidence has remained unchanged since the beginning of this century despite current technologic advances. The aim of this paper is to review the literature and authors experience with OBPL.
  
  
  METHODS
  The study included 30 children examined in last 10 years at Electro myoneurography laboratory, Department of Neurology, University Clinical Center Tuzla, Bosnia and Herzegovina.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Total out of 20 children (66.67%) were male, and 10 (33.3%) female; in 11 (36.67%) palsy was on left, and in 19 (63.33%) on right side. Erb's palsy was seen in 27 (90%) and total palsy in the remaining 3 (10%) limbs. Electromyography was very useful test not only for diagnosis, but also for evaluation of recovery. Good recovery was observed in majority of these children, but some children has difficulty with active shoulder abduction, forward flexion, symmetric elbow flexion and forearm supination at age of one year and more, and mild shortening and atrophy of the limb are also observed.
authors.affiliation: Klinika za Neurologiju, Univerzitetski Klinicki Centar Tuzla.
authors.forename: Osman
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Sinanović
authors.forename: Nermina
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Pirić
authors.forename: Denisa
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Salihović
authors.forename: Lejla
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zonić
authors.forename: Renata
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Hodzić
mesh_terms: D001720:Birth Injuries / Q000175:diagnosis*; D020516:Brachial Plexus Neuropathies / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010808:Physical Examination