title: Low intensity strength training for ambulatory stroke patients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To investigate feasibility and effectiveness of an individually-directed, group strength-training programme on knee muscle strength after stroke.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten volunteers (62 +/- 11 years, mean +/- SD), 6 - 12 months after first-ever unilateral stroke, walking independently with or without aids were recruited. Using an A1-B-A2 design, 3 sets of baseline measures were taken at 2 weekly intervals; volunteers then attended twice weekly sessions of low intensity progressive strengthening exercises and were assessed after each series of 8 sessions to a maximum of 24 sessions; post training, measures were repeated after 4 - 6 weeks. Measures included isometric and concentric knee extensor muscle strength and 10 m walking velocity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Strength of knee extensor muscles was improved after training (ANOVA, p < 0.05). On cessation of training, isometric strength increased by 58 +/- 19% and concentric strength at 30 degrees /s by 51 +/- 14%; walking velocity quickened from 0.47 +/- 0.06 m x s-1 to 0.57 +/- 0.08 m x s-1 (t = -3.31, p < 0.01). These gains were maintained 4 - 6 weeks after completion of training.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These findings support the use of low intensity strength training after stroke and confirm published evidence. It was feasible for one therapist to deliver the training programmes for 4 - 6 participants at a time; an important feature when resources are limited.
authors.affiliation: School of Health and Bioscience, University of East London, Stratford, UK. m.c.cramp@uel.ac.uk
authors.forename: M C
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Cramp
authors.forename: R J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Greenwood
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Gill
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Rothwell
authors.forename: O M
authors.initials: OM
authors.lastname: Scott
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D015444:Exercise; D005081:Exercise Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D005684:Gait; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D018908:Muscle Weakness / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D020127:Recovery of Function; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012046:Rehabilitation / Q000379:methods*; D000071939:Stroke Rehabilitation; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D016138:Walking; D014891:Weight Lifting