title: Molecular targeting and treatment of EGFRvIII-positive gliomas using boronated monoclonal antibody L8A4.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of the present study was to evaluate a boronated EGFRvIII-specific monoclonal antibody, L8A4, for boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT) of the receptor-positive rat glioma, F98(npEGFRvIII).
  
  
  METHODS
  A heavily boronated polyamido amine (PAMAM) dendrimer (BD) was chemically linked to L8A4 by two heterobifunctional reagents, N-succinimidyl 3-(2-pyridyldithio)propionate and N-(k-maleimidoundecanoic acid)hydrazide. For in vivo studies, F98 wild-type receptor-negative or EGFRvIII human gene-transfected receptor-positive F98(npEGFRvIII) glioma cells were implanted i.c. into the brains of Fischer rats. Biodistribution studies were initiated 14 days later. Animals received [(125)I]BD-L8A4 by either convection enhanced delivery (CED) or direct i.t. injection and were euthanized 6, 12, 24, or 48 hours later.
  
  
  RESULTS
  At 6 hours, equivalent amounts of the bioconjugate were detected in receptor-positive and receptor-negative tumors, but by 24 hours the amounts retained by receptor-positive gliomas were 60.1% following CED and 43.7% following i.t. injection compared with 14.6% ID/g by receptor-negative tumors. Boron concentrations in normal brain, blood, liver, kidneys, and spleen all were at nondetectable levels (<0.5 microg/g) at the corresponding times. Based on these favorable biodistribution data, BNCT studies were initiated at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology Research Reactor-II. Rats received BD-L8A4 ( approximately 40 microg (10)B/ approximately 750 mug protein) by CED either alone or in combination with i.v. boronophenylalanine (BPA; 500 mg/kg). BNCT was carried out 24 hours after administration of the bioconjugate and 2.5 hours after i.v. injection of BPA for those animals that received both agents. Rats that received BD-L8A4 by CED in combination with i.v. BPA had a mean +/- SE survival time of 85.5 +/- 15.5 days with 20% long-term survivors (>6 months) and those that received BD-L8A4 alone had a mean +/- SE survival time of 70.4 +/- 11.1 days with 10% long-term survivors compared with 40.1 +/- 2.2 days for i.v. BPA and 30.3 +/- 1.6 and 26.3 +/- 1.1 days for irradiated and untreated controls, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data convincingly show the therapeutic efficacy of molecular targeting of EGFRvIII using either boronated monoclonal antibody L8A4 alone or in combination with BPA and should provide a platform for the future development of combinations of high and low molecular weight delivery agents for BNCT of brain tumors.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology, The Ohio State University, 165 Hamilton Hall, 1645 Neil Avenue, Columbus, 43210, USA.
authors.forename: Weilian
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Rolf F
authors.initials: RF
authors.lastname: Barth
authors.forename: Gong
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Shinji
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kawabata
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Sferra
authors.forename: Achintya K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Bandyopadhyaya
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Tjarks
authors.forename: Amy K
authors.initials: AK
authors.lastname: Ferketich
authors.forename: Melvin L
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Moeschberger
authors.forename: Peter J
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Binns
authors.forename: Kent J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Riley
authors.forename: Jeffrey A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Coderre
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Ciesielski
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Fenstermaker
authors.forename: Carol J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Wikstrand
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001896:Boron Compounds / Q000627:therapeutic use; D016754:Boron Neutron Capture Therapy; D001932:Brain Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000032:analysis* / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005910:Glioma / Q000473:pathology / Q000532:radiotherapy*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000627:therapeutic use; D051381:Rats; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D014162:Transfection
chemical_list: D000911:Antibodies, Monoclonal; D001896:Boron Compounds; D007457:Iodine Radioisotopes; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; C410723:epidermal growth factor receptor VIII; D066246:ErbB Receptors