title: Attitude to personality disorder among prison officers working in a dangerous and severe personality disorder unit.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  It is well established that staff attitudes to personality disordered patients are commonly negative, characterised by pessimism and rejection. A recent study in forensic psychiatric hospitals has described the psychological and social factors underlying positive attitudes, and suggested that staff with more positive attitudes perform better and are less stressed.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess whether it is possible to predict which staff will adjust positively to working with personality disordered people. More specifically to confirm links between attitude to personality disorder and: job performance; perception of managers; personal well-being; burnout; and interaction rates with inmates.
  
  
  METHODS
  The opening of a new Dangerous and Severe Personality Disorder unit within a UK prison allowed a longitudinal study of prison officers to be performed, in which a number of measures, including the Attitude to Personality Disorder Questionnaire (APDQ), were collected at three fixed points (at baseline, eight and sixteen months after the opening of the unit).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Attitude to Personality Disorder varied over the course of the study, and changes in attitude were linked to events experienced by individual officers. More positive attitude to personality disorder was associated with improved general health and job performance, decreased burnout, and favourable perception of managers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Attitude to Personality Disorder has important outcomes, and is responsive to the psychosocial environment. Its measurement is not useful for staff selection, because of low stability over lengthy time periods. The APDQ has been demonstrated to be valid measure of attitude to PD, and potentially useful for outcome studies, or benchmarking between units.
authors.affiliation: St Bartholomew School of Nursing and Midwifery, City University, Philpot St., London E1 2EA, UK. L.Bowers@city.ac.uk
authors.forename: Len
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Bowers
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Carr-Walker
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Allan
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Callaghan
authors.forename: Henk
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Nijman
authors.forename: Jo
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Paton
mesh_terms: D000041:Absenteeism; D000223:Adaptation, Psychological; D000328:Adult; D000987:Antisocial Personality Disorder / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D002055:Burnout, Professional / Q000523:psychology; D003617:Dangerous Behavior; D004650:Employee Performance Appraisal; D004739:England; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007318:Inservice Training; D007588:Job Satisfaction; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010346:Patient Care Management; D010554:Personality Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*; D010555:Personality Inventory; D010560:Personnel Selection; D011329:Prisoners / Q000523:psychology*; D011330:Prisons; D011369:Professional-Patient Relations; D012059:Rejection, Psychology; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires