title: Effect of broad-spectrum matrix metalloproteinase inhibition on atherosclerotic plaque stability.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) form a large family of enzymes that collectively can degrade all components of the extracellular matrix, and there is widespread interest in developing MMP inhibitors for the prevention of atherosclerotic plaque rupture. We have therefore investigated the effects of a broad-spectrum MMP inhibitor, RS-130830, on plaque development and stability. This compound inhibits a wide range of MMPs at concentrations below 20 nmol/L.
  
  
  METHODS
  Apolipoprotein E knockout mice were fed a Western diet. Dietary administration of RS-130830 commenced at the same time as fat-feeding and continued for 8, 12, 26 or 36 weeks. To investigate the effect of RS-130830 on established plaques, mice were fed high-fat diet for 16 weeks before initiation of drug treatment and were terminated 20 weeks after this.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Broad-spectrum MMP inhibition was associated with a significant increase in plaque area, but there was no change in the incidence of plaque rupture. There were unfavourable changes in phenotypic characteristics associated with plaque instability, such as an increased lipid content and decreased collagen content.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that broad-spectrum MMP inhibition RS-130830 does not have a beneficial effect on atherosclerosis in the apolipoprotein E knockout mouse model, and indicate that more selective compounds would be preferable.
authors.affiliation: Bristol Heart Institute, University of Bristol, Level 7, Bristol Royal Infirmary, Bristol BS2 8HW, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Jason L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Johnson
authors.forename: Regina
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fritsche-Danielson
authors.forename: Margareta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Behrendt
authors.forename: Annika
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Westin-Eriksson
authors.forename: Håkan
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wennbo
authors.forename: Margareta
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Herslof
authors.forename: Marie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Elebring
authors.forename: Sarah J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: George
authors.forename: William L
authors.initials: WL
authors.lastname: McPheat
authors.forename: Christopher L
authors.initials: CL
authors.lastname: Jackson
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001057:Apolipoproteins E / Q000235:genetics; D050197:Atherosclerosis / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D016122:Brachiocephalic Trunk / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D003094:Collagen / Q000378:metabolism; D004036:Diet, Atherogenic; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004353:Drug Evaluation, Preclinical; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D005260:Female; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids / Q000627:therapeutic use* / Q000633:toxicity; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008055:Lipids / Q000097:blood; D008297:Male; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D012422:Rupture, Spontaneous / Q000517:prevention & control; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D001057:Apolipoproteins E; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D006877:Hydroxamic Acids; D008055:Lipids; D061965:Matrix Metalloproteinase Inhibitors; C513962:RS-130830; D003094:Collagen