title: Identification of multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa clinical isolates that are highly disruptive to the intestinal epithelial barrier.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Multi-drug resistant Pseudomonas aeruginosa nosocomial infections are increasingly recognized worldwide. In this study, we focused on the virulence of multi-drug resistant clinical strains P. aeruginosa against the intestinal epithelial barrier, since P. aeruginosa can cause lethal sepsis from within the intestinal tract of critically ill and immuno-compromised patients via mechanisms involving disruption of epithelial barrier function.
  
  
  METHODS
  We screened consecutively isolated multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa clinical strains for their ability to disrupt the integrity of human cultured intestinal epithelial cells (Caco-2) and correlated these finding to related virulence phenotypes such as adhesiveness, motility, biofilm formation, and cytotoxicity.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Results demonstrated that the majority of the multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa clinical strains were attenuated in their ability to disrupt the barrier function of cultured intestinal epithelial cells. Three distinct genotypes were found that displayed an extreme epithelial barrier-disrupting phenotype. These strains were characterized and found to harbor the exoU gene and to display high swimming motility and adhesiveness.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These data suggest that detailed phenotypic analysis of the behavior of multi-drug resistant P. aeruginosa against the intestinal epithelium has the potential to identify strains most likely to place patients at risk for lethal gut-derived sepsis. Surveillance of colonizing strains of P. aeruginosa in critically ill patients beyond antibiotic sensitivity is warranted.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, University of Chicago, Chicago, USA. ozaborin@surgery.bsd.uchicago.edu
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Zaborina
authors.forename: Jonathan E
authors.initials: JE
authors.lastname: Kohler
authors.forename: Yingmin
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Cindy
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Bethel
authors.forename: Olga
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Shevchenko
authors.forename: Licheng
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jerrold R
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Turner
authors.forename: John C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Alverdy
mesh_terms: D001422:Bacterial Adhesion; D001483:Base Sequence; D018441:Biofilms; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002470:Cell Survival; D016172:DNA Fingerprinting; D017931:DNA Primers; D024901:Drug Resistance, Multiple, Bacterial; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000382:microbiology*; D009068:Movement; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction; D011550:Pseudomonas aeruginosa / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics / Q000302:isolation & purification* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D017931:DNA Primers; D005839:Gentamicins