title: [Diagnosis and surgical management of 209 cases of orbital cavernous hemangioma].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the clinical features, preoperative diagnosis and surgical choice of orbital cavernous hemangioma.
  
  
  METHODS
  Records of all cavernous hemangioma patients (209 cases) who were seen in Eye Hospital, Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University from January 1, 1986 to December 31, 2000 were reviewed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Among 209 cases, 123 patients were females and 86 were males. The left orbit was affected in 123 cases and the right orbit in 86 cases. No case was bilaterally involved. The mean age was 39.2 years old, ranging from 5 to 68 years. A painless, gradually progressive proptosis and visual disturbance were the main clinical signs. Ninety-five percent (199/209) of them could be accurately diagnosed preoperatively based on ultrasound scan and CT/MRI examination. The tumors were removed successfully by the surgical procedure of standard lateral orbitotomy in 36% (75/209) of patients and anterior orbitotomy in 64% cases (134/209).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Nearly all patients with cavernous hemangioma could be correctly diagnosed by preoperative image studying. The simple surgical procedure of anterior orbitotomy can be successfully used in about two third of cases with less surgical complication.
authors.affiliation: Zhongshan Ophthalmic Center, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510060, China.
authors.forename: Zhong-yao
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Jian-hua
authors.initials: JH
authors.lastname: Yan
authors.forename: Ji
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Hua-sheng
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Zheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Lin
authors.forename: Zhi-cong
authors.initials: ZC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Si-ming
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Ai
authors.forename: Yu-xiang
authors.initials: YX
authors.lastname: Mao
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006392:Hemangioma, Cavernous / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009918:Orbital Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000601:surgery*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014463:Ultrasonography