title: High-capacity data hiding in halftone images using minimal-error bit searching and least-mean square filter.
abstract: In this paper, a high-capacity data hiding is proposed for embedding a large amount of information into halftone images. The embedded watermark can be distributed into several error-diffused images with the proposed minimal-error bit-searching technique (MEBS). The method can also be generalized to self-decoding mode with dot diffusion or color halftone images. From the experiments, the embedded capacity from 33% up to 50% and good quality results are achieved. Furthermore, the proposed MEBS method is also extended for robust watermarking against the degradation from printing-and-scanning and several kinds of distortions. Finally, a least-mean square-based halftoning is developed to produce an edge-enhanced halftone image, and the technique also cooperates with MEBS for all the applications described above, including high-capacity data hiding with secret sharing or self-decoding mode, as well as robust watermarking. The results prove much sharper than the error diffusion or dot diffusion methods.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical Engineering, National Taiwan University, Taipei, ROC. pei@cc.ee.ntu.edu.tw
authors.forename: Soo-Chang
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Pei
authors.forename: Jing-Ming
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Guo
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D003196:Computer Graphics; D016494:Computer Security; D044962:Data Compression / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D010330:Patents as Topic; D010363:Pattern Recognition, Automated; D011356:Product Labeling / Q000379:methods; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted