title: Sampling and identification of natural dyes in historical maps and drawings by liquid chromatography with diode-array detection.
abstract: A simple and rapid liquid chromatographic with diode-array UV-vis spectrophotometric detection (HPLC-DAD) method for identification of natural dyes has been developed. Chromatographic retention of carminic acid, indigotin, crocetin, gambogic acid, alizarin and purpurin has been studied. The mobile phase consisted of 40 mM SDS-10 mM phosphate buffer solution (pH 2.3)-0.1% TFA (eluent A) and acetonitrile (eluent B) using a programmed gradient (5% B to 95% B). Analyses were carried out on a Phenomenex, Luna 5u NH2 100(a) column (250 mm x 4.60 mm i.d., 5 microm particle) and the operating conditions were: 0.6 ml min(-1) flow rate, 20 microl volume injection and 35 degrees C column temperature. Extracts of samples of natural dyes taken from historical maps belonging to The Royal Chancellery Archives in Granada were successfully analyzed using the proposed method including a new technique for sampling.
authors.affiliation: Research Group of Analytical Chemistry and Life Sciences, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Granada, Avda. Fuentenueva s/n, E-18071 Granada, Spain. mrblanc@ugr.es
authors.forename: Rosario
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Blanc
authors.forename: Teresa
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Espejo
authors.forename: Ana
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: López-Montes
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Torres
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Crovetto
authors.forename: Alberto
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Navalón
authors.forename: José Luis
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Vílchez
mesh_terms: D002853:Chromatography, Liquid / Q000266:history / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000032:analysis* / Q000266:history; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D006863:Hydrogen-Ion Concentration; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012997:Solvents / Q000737:chemistry; D013056:Spectrophotometry, Ultraviolet / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D004396:Coloring Agents; D012997:Solvents