title: Ep-CAM expression in pancreatic and ampullary carcinomas: frequency and prognostic relevance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pancreatic adenocarcinoma is an aggressive gastrointestinal malignancy with only a few long-term survivors even after radical surgery. Patients with ampullary cancer have a better prognosis but adjuvant therapy needs further improvement. Epithelial cell adhesion molecule (Ep-CAM) is strongly expressed in a variety of epithelial cancers and represents a promising target for immunological tumour therapy. Thus, the aim of this study was to investigate Ep-CAM expression and its potential prognostic impact in pancreatic and ampullary carcinomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ep-CAM expression was investigated retrospectively by immunohistochemistry in paraffin-embedded primary tumour tissue samples from a series of consecutive patients with pancreatic (n = 153) and ampullary cancer (n = 34).
  
  
  RESULTS
  Ep-CAM overexpression was observed in 85 of 153 pancreatic cancer specimens (56%) and in 29 of 34 ampullary cancer samples (85%). Overall, Ep-CAM failed to be an independent prognostic marker. However, subgroup analyses showed that Ep-CAM overexpression correlated with shorter overall survival among patients with ampullary cancer and advanced stage pancreatic cancer. In the latter subgroup, survival gradually worsened with increasing Ep-CAM scores. Furthermore, in ampullary cancer, Ep-CAM overexpression was found to correlate with tumour stage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Ep-CAM overexpression was detectable in the majority of cases with pancreatic and ampullary cancer. Therefore, Ep-CAM represents an attractive target for immune-based therapeutic interventions in these tumour entities. However, the prognostic value of Ep-CAM overexpression remains undetermined.
authors.affiliation: Division of Hematology and Oncology, Innsbruck Medical University, Austria. dominic.fong@i-med.ac.at
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Fong
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Steurer
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Obrist
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Barbieri
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Margreiter
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Amberger
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Laimer
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Gastl
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tzankov
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Spizzo
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D014670:Ampulla of Vater; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000378:metabolism*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules / Q000378:metabolism*; D003138:Common Bile Duct Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D000071858:Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D010190:Pancreatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology; D011379:Prognosis; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D015815:Cell Adhesion Molecules; C499379:EPCAM protein, human; D000071858:Epithelial Cell Adhesion Molecule; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins