title: Chronic hypoxia in the human neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y causes reduced expression of the putative alpha-secretases, ADAM10 and TACE, without altering their mRNA levels.
abstract: Alzheimer's disease is more frequent following an ischemic or hypoxic episode, with levels of beta-amyloid peptides elevated in brains from patients. Similar increases are found after experimental ischemia in animals. It is possible that increased beta-amyloid deposition arises from alterations in amyloid precursor protein (APP) metabolism, indeed, we have shown that exposing cells of neuronal origin to chronic hypoxia decreased the secretion of soluble APP (sAPPalpha) derived by action of alpha-secretase on APP, coinciding with a decrease in protein levels of ADAM10, a disintegrin metalloprotease which is thought to be the major alpha-secretase. In the current study, we extended those observations to determine whether the expression of ADAM10 and another putative alpha-secretase, TACE, as well as the beta-secretase, BACE1 were regulated by chronic hypoxia at the level of protein and mRNA. Using Western blotting and RT-PCR, we demonstrate that after 48 h chronic hypoxia, such that sAPPalpha secretion is decreased by over 50%, protein levels of ADAM10 and TACE and by approximately 60% and 40% respectively with no significant decrease in BACE1 levels. In contrast, no change in the expression of the mRNA for these proteins could be detected. Thus, we conclude that under CH the level of the putative alpha-secretases, ADAM10 and TACE are regulated by post-translational mechanisms, most probably proteolysis, rather than at the level of transcription.
authors.affiliation: King's College London, Wolfson Centre for Age-related Diseases, School of Biomedical and Health Sciences, Wolfson Wing, Guy's Campus, UK.
authors.forename: Amy J
authors.initials: AJ
authors.lastname: Marshall
authors.forename: Marcus
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Rattray
authors.forename: Peter F T
authors.initials: PF
authors.lastname: Vaughan
mesh_terms: D051722:ADAM Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000072197:ADAM10 Protein; D000072198:ADAM17 Protein; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases; D015153:Blotting, Western / Q000379:methods; D015687:Cell Hypoxia / Q000502:physiology*; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D010450:Endopeptidases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005786:Gene Expression Regulation / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D009447:Neuroblastoma; D012333:RNA, Messenger / Q000378:metabolism; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods
chemical_list: D008565:Membrane Proteins; D012333:RNA, Messenger; D053829:Amyloid Precursor Protein Secretases; D010450:Endopeptidases; D016282:Aspartic Acid Endopeptidases; C509280:BACE1 protein, human; D051722:ADAM Proteins; D000072197:ADAM10 Protein; C491236:ADAM10 protein, human; D000072198:ADAM17 Protein; C000606462:ADAM17 protein, human