title: Relief of low back labor pain by using intracutaneous injections of sterile water: a randomized clinical trial.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the effectiveness of intracutaneous injections of sterile water in relieving low back pain during labor in Thai women.
  
  
  METHODS
  Randomized controlled trial.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taksin Hospital, Bangkok.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty pregnant women at term, requiring pain relief for severe low back pain during the first stage of labor. The women were randomized to receive either 4 intracutaneous injections of 0.1 mL sterile water (n = 25) or isotonic saline as placebo (n = 25).
  
  
  METHODS
  Pain scores measured by visual analogue scale.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Mean pain scores were significantly lower among the treatment group compared to the placebo group at 30 minutes, 1 and 2 hours after injections (p = 0.018, 0.046, and 0.027 respectively). Mean pain reduction were significantly greater in the treatment group compared to the placebo group at 30 minutes, 1 and 2 hours after injections (p < 0.001). There was no difference between the two groups with regard to time to delivery and rate of instrumental and cesarean delivery.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The intracutaneous injections of sterile water was found to be an effective treatment against lower back pain during the first stage of labor.
authors.affiliation: Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taksin Hospital, Khlongsan, Bangkok, Thailand.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Wiruchpongsanon
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007271:Injections, Intradermal; D017116:Low Back Pain / Q000628:therapy*; D007744:Obstetric Labor Complications / Q000628:therapy*; D010147:Pain Measurement; D011247:Pregnancy; D014867:Water / Q000008:administration & dosage*
chemical_list: D014867:Water