title: [Optimising antibiotic policies in the Netherlands. IX. SWAB guidelines for antimicrobial therapy in adults with acute infectious diarrhoea].
abstract: The 'Stichting Werkgroep Antibioticabeleid' (SWAB; Dutch Working Party on Antibiotic Policy) develops evidence-based guidelines for the use of antibiotics in hospitalised adults. This guideline on acute infectious diarrhoea (AID) concerns the antibiotic treatment of acute infectious inflammation of the gastrointestinal tract, manifesting primarily as diarrhoea. AID can be subdivided into community-acquired diarrhoea, traveller's diarrhoea and hospital-acquired (nosocomial) diarrhoea. In the first 2 categories, the need for antibiotic treatment is generally restricted to individuals with severe illness, dysentery or a predisposition to complications. High rates of primary fluoroquinolone resistance can be found in human Campylobacter isolates from the Netherlands and from other parts of the world. Therefore, if antibiotic treatment is necessary for community-acquired AID or AID in travellers returning to the Netherlands, it is advised to use oral azithromycin for 3 days as empirical treatment. If intravenous treatment is necessary, the combination of ciprofloxacin and erythromycin for 5-7 days may be considered. As soon as the identity of the causative organism is known, antimicrobial treatment should be tailored accordingly.
authors.affiliation: Academisch Medisch Centrum/Universiteit van Amsterdam.
authors.forename: J C
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Bos
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schultsz
authors.forename: C M J
authors.initials: CM
authors.lastname: Vandenbroucke-Grauls
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Speelman
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Prins
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D017963:Azithromycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002939:Ciprofloxacin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D003967:Diarrhea / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D004403:Dysentery / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000382:microbiology; D004917:Erythromycin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D019317:Evidence-Based Medicine; D006801:Humans; D009426:Netherlands; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D002939:Ciprofloxacin; D004917:Erythromycin; D017963:Azithromycin