title: Sublethal effects of profenofos on locomotor behavior and gill architecture of the mosquito fish, Gambusia affinis.
abstract: Subacute studies of profenofos on mosquito fish, Gambusia affinis, were carried out for 20 days to assess the locomotor behavior and structural integrity of gill in relation to bioaccumulation and targeted enzyme acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7). The sublethal concentration of 0.13 mg/L (1/5 of LC50) altered locomotor behavior such as distance traveled and swimming speed in exposed fish. This could be due to inhibition in the activity of acetylcholinesterase and deformities in the primary and secondary lamella of gill. The bioaccumulation values indicated that the accumulation of profenofos was highest in viscera followed by head and body. The average bioconcentration factor values are 254.83, 6.18, and 2.52 microg/g for viscera, head, and body. The findings revealed that profenofos is highly toxic even at sublethal concentrations to the mosquito fish, Gambusia affinis.
authors.affiliation: Toxicology Unit, Biology Division, Indian Institute of Chemical Technology, Hyderabad, India. jv@india.com
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Venkateswara Rao
authors.forename: Ghousia
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Begum
authors.forename: N M
authors.initials: NM
authors.lastname: Jakka
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Srikanth
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Nageswara Rao
mesh_terms: D000110:Acetylcholinesterase / Q000378:metabolism; D000465:Algorithms; D000818:Animals; D003532:Cyprinodontiformes / Q000502:physiology*; D005880:Gills / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000201:enzymology / Q000473:pathology*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D007928:Lethal Dose 50; D009043:Motor Activity / Q000187:drug effects*; D063086:Organothiophosphates / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000633:toxicity*; D014018:Tissue Distribution
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D063086:Organothiophosphates; C024273:profenofos; D000110:Acetylcholinesterase