title: Nasal natural killer/T-cell lymphoma and its association with type "i"/XhoI loss strain Epstein-Barr virus in Chile.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Nasal T/natural killer (NK)-cell lymphoma is an aggressive type of non-Hodking's lymphoma associated with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) and striking geographical variations worldwide.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To characterise nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma associated with genotypes of EBV in Chile, a Latin American country, where multiple strains of EBV, including two new recombinant strains, in healthy individuals were recently found.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cases with diagnosis of primary nasal lymphoma were selected for histological and immunohistochemical analysis (CD3, CD3e, CD4, CD8, CD79a, CD56, CD57 and TIA-1) and in-situ hybridisation, serology and genotyping analysis for EBV.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Out of 22 cases, 9 (41%) cases fulfilled the World Health Organization criteria for nasal NK/T-cell lymphoma; of these 7 (78%) cases were positive for EBV. Genotyping analysis revealed 6 cases of type 1 EBV and wildtype F at the BamHI-F region, 4 cases type "i" EBV at the BamHI-W1/I1 region; XhoI wild type was found in 2 and XhoI loss in 4 cases, respectively. Cosegregation analysis of the BamHI-W1/I1 region and XhoI restriction site showed the new recombinant strain type "i"/XhoI loss in 3 cases and type "i"/XhoI wild-type strain in 1 case. Most patients were treated with combined anthracycline-containing regimens. Half of the cases attained complete remission.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Although nasal NK/T-cell lymphomas from Chile share similar clinicopathological features, high association with EBV and unfavourable prognosis with those described elsewhere, genotype analysis shows that the new recombinant type "i"/XhoI loss strain might contribute to explain the intermediate incidence of nasal NK/T-cell lymphomas in Latin America.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, Hematology Section, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Hospital Salvador, Santiago, Chile. mecabrera@vtr.net
authors.forename: M E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Cabrera
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Eizuru
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Koriyama
authors.forename: Y
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Tashiro
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Ding
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Rey
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Akiba
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Corvalan
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D020031:Epstein-Barr Virus Infections / Q000150:complications* / Q000821:virology; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D004854:Herpesvirus 4, Human / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics* / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006801:Humans; D007124:Immunoenzyme Techniques; D016130:Immunophenotyping; D017403:In Situ Hybridization / Q000379:methods; D007694:Killer Cells, Natural / Q000473:pathology*; D016399:Lymphoma, T-Cell / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009669:Nose Neoplasms / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy / Q000821:virology*; D012367:RNA, Viral / Q000235:genetics; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D012367:RNA, Viral