title: Severe atopic dermatitis is associated with a reduced frequency of IL-10 producing allergen-specific CD4+ T cells.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Several studies have investigated levels of T-cell-derived interleukin (IL)-10 in individuals with atopic dermatitis, with conflicting results.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  In order to address whether stratification of disease severity may help resolve the different findings, the hypothesis was tested that individuals with severe atopic dermatitis have a lower frequency of circulating IL-10-producing, allergen-specific CD4+ T cells than do individuals with mild disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using peripheral blood mononuclear cells derived from individuals with severe (n=12) and mild atopic dermatitis (n=10) and from nonatopic controls (n=10), we investigated production by CD4+ T cells of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha, IL-4, IL-5, IL-13 and IL-10 in response to phorbol myristate acetate/ionomycin and Der p1 allergen.
  
  
  RESULTS
  It was observed that there were significantly higher frequencies of allergen-specific circulating CD4+ T cells producing TNF-alpha- IL-4-, IL-5- and IL-13, and lower frequencies of these cells producing IL-10 in individuals with severe atopic dermatitis compared with mildly affected individuals and nonatopic controls (P<0.01 for all comparisons). Furthermore, the Der p1-specific CD4+ T cells were enriched within the subset of cells positive for cutaneous lymphocyte-associated antigen.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Analysis of levels of allergen-specific CD4+ T-cell production of IL-10 in relation to disease severity argues in favour of a role for IL-10 in the control of atopic dermatitis.
authors.affiliation: Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK.
authors.forename: S L
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Seneviratne
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Jones
authors.forename: A S
authors.initials: AS
authors.lastname: Bailey
authors.forename: A P
authors.initials: AP
authors.lastname: Black
authors.forename: G S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Ogg
mesh_terms: D015496:CD4-Positive T-Lymphocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000276:immunology; D003876:Dermatitis, Atopic / Q000276:immunology*; D005434:Flow Cytometry / Q000379:methods; D006801:Humans; D016753:Interleukin-10 / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D007378:Interleukins / Q000096:biosynthesis; D013268:Stimulation, Chemical
chemical_list: D007378:Interleukins; D016753:Interleukin-10