title: Vision as Bayesian inference: analysis by synthesis?
abstract: We argue that the study of human vision should be aimed at determining how humans perform natural tasks with natural images. Attempts to understand the phenomenology of vision from artificial stimuli, although worthwhile as a starting point, can lead to faulty generalizations about visual systems, because of the enormous complexity of natural images. Dealing with this complexity is daunting, but Bayesian inference on structured probability distributions offers the ability to design theories of vision that can deal with the complexity of natural images, and that use 'analysis by synthesis' strategies with intriguing similarities to the brain. We examine these strategies using recent examples from computer vision, and outline some important implications for cognitive science.
authors.affiliation: Department of Statistics, UCLA, San Francisco, CA 94115, USA. yuille@stat.ucla.edu
authors.forename: Alan
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Yuille
authors.forename: Daniel
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kersten
mesh_terms: D000465:Algorithms; D001499:Bayes Theorem; D001921:Brain / Q000502:physiology*; D001931:Brain Mapping; D005364:Field Dependence-Independence; D006801:Humans; D008390:Markov Chains; D015233:Models, Statistical; D009010:Monte Carlo Method; D009949:Orientation / Q000502:physiology; D010364:Pattern Recognition, Visual / Q000502:physiology; D011338:Probability Theory; D017603:Signal Detection, Psychological; D014785:Vision, Ocular / Q000502:physiology*; D014795:Visual Pathways / Q000502:physiology