title: Deep brain stimulation: neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric issues.
abstract: Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor, cognitive, neuropsychiatric, autonomic, and other nonmotor symptoms. The efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for the motor symptoms of advanced PD is well established. However, the effects of DBS on the cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms are less clear. The neuropsychiatric aspects of DBS for PD have recently been of considerable clinical and pathophysiological interest. As a companion to the preoperative and postoperative sections of the DBS consensus articles, this article reviews the published literature on the cognitive and neuropsychiatric aspects of DBS for PD. The majority of the observed neuropsychiatric symptoms are transient, treatable, and potentially preventable. Outcome studies, methodological issues, pathophysiology, and preoperative and postoperative management of the cognitive and neuropsychiatric aspects and complications of DBS for PD are discussed.
authors.affiliation: Department of Psychiatry, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Canada. voonv@ninds.nih.gov
authors.forename: Valerie
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Voon
authors.forename: Cynthia
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Kubu
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Krack
authors.forename: Jean-Luc
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Houeto
authors.forename: Alexander I
authors.initials: AI
authors.lastname: Tröster
mesh_terms: D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D020531:Subthalamic Nucleus / Q000502:physiology; D013788:Thalamus / Q000502:physiology