title: Treatment of idiopathic cutaneous hyperchromia of the orbital region (ICHOR) with intense pulsed light.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Idiopathic cutaneous hyperchromia of the orbital region (ICHOR) does not have a clear etiopathogenesis. Genetic factors, increased melanin, prominent vasculature, and eyelid skin slackness seem to be involved.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate individuals with ICHOR clinically and histologically, before and after treatment with high-energy pulsed light (HEPL), considering epidermal and dermal melanin, in order to evaluate HEPL efficacy in clearing away ICHOR, and 1 month and 1 year later to check whether improvement was maintained.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twelve individuals with ICHOR underwent clinical and histological evaluation before and after HEPL application, with photographic comparison. They underwent one to four HEPL sessions on the lower eyelid at approximately 30-day intervals. Melanin quantification by area, before and after treatment was performed by digital image morphometry.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Eyelid skin was significantly lightened (p = .24), and was maintained 1 year later with no ICHOR reincidence. All individuals (100%) showed postinflammatory hyperchromia (average 6-month duration), while 58.33% presented hypochromia (7-month duration). There was significantly decreased epidermal and dermal melanin after treatment.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  HEPL was shown to be useful in clearing up ICHOR. This was maintained after 1 year. Epidermal and dermal histopathology showed decreased melanin following treatment. Longer follow-up is needed to evaluate possible later recurrence of ICHOR.
authors.affiliation: Dermatology Division, Hospital das Clínicas of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil. naticymcym@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Natalia Cymrot
authors.initials: NC
authors.lastname: Cymbalista
authors.forename: Zilda Najjar
authors.initials: ZN
authors.lastname: Prado de Oliveira
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001706:Biopsy; D005148:Facial Dermatoses / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D005260:Female; D005500:Follow-Up Studies; D006801:Humans; D017495:Hyperpigmentation / Q000473:pathology / Q000628:therapy*; D009915:Orbit; D010789:Phototherapy / Q000379:methods*; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016896:Treatment Outcome