title: Preliminary data on monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis in children and adolescents with type 1 diabetes.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the prevalence of monosymptomatic nocturnal enuresis (MNE) in a group of children and adolescents prior to the onset of type 1 diabetes (Dt1).
  
  
  METHODS
  We considered 88 patients with Dt1 with a mean age of 15.2 years over a period of 3 years. All patients were investigated by means of a questionnaire about the occurrence of MNE prior to the onset of Dt1. Each patient had normal urinalysis results, with no glycosuria, a normal urinary flow rate and no day-time symptoms such as urge incontinence or urgency.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We found that 24/88 patients (27.2%) were bedwetters before the onset of Dt1. After beginning insulin treatment, 7/24 bedwetters (29.2%) kept presenting MNE. In total, 7 of the initial 88 patients (7.9%) displayed persistent features of MNE.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The occurrence of MNE may overlap with symptoms of Dt1 but requires specific medical attention as a separate entity due to its possible persistence even when Dt1 has been controlled by insulin treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatric Sciences, Università Cattolica Sacro Cuore, "A. Gemelli" Hospital, Rome, Italy. pferrara@rm.unicatt.it
authors.forename: Pietro
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ferrara
authors.forename: Donato
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Rigante
authors.forename: Carmen
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: D'Aleo
authors.forename: Alessandra
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Schiavino
authors.forename: Valentina
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Emmanuele
authors.forename: Giuseppina
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marrone
authors.forename: Giovanni
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Marietti
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D017668:Age of Onset; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000453:epidemiology; D004775:Enuresis / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D015995:Prevalence; D012189:Retrospective Studies