Effects of hesperetin on vessel structure formation in mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells.
OBJECTIVE
The present study investigated the effects of hesperetin on vessel structure formation in mouse embryonic stem (mES) cells with regard to whether hesperetin acts as an antioxidant or pro-oxidant. Some flavonoids enhance antioxidant systems while increasing oxidative stress in the body.


METHODS
After their differentiation into endothelial-like cells for 10 d, mES cells were treated with 1 to 100 muM of hesperetin for 24 h.


RESULTS
Hesperetin efficiently inhibited the formation of vessel-like tubular structures consisting of platelet-endothelial cell adhesion molecule-1-immunoreactive cells and significantly (P < 0.05) increased the generation of reactive oxygen species in a concentration-dependent manner. Although glutathione (in its reduced and oxidized forms) in mES cells was not affected by hesperetin, the 8-iso-prostaglandin F2(alpha) content was decreased. In addition, cytotoxicity-induced hesperetin was not found; lactate dehydrogenase release and cell viability were determined as an index of cell damage.


CONCLUSIONS
Taken together, the present study shows that hesperetin inhibits vessel formation by pro-oxidant means and suggests its potential as an antiangiogenic agent.
Choi
Eun Jeong
EJ
Plant Resources Research Institute, Duksung Women's University, Seoul, South Korea. eunjeong@korea.ac.kr
Kim
Gi Dae
GD
Chee
Kew-Mahn
KM
Kim
Gun-Hee
GH
D000818:Animals; D000975:Antioxidants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D015237:Dinoprost / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D053595:Embryonic Stem Cells; D042783:Endothelial Cells / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000378:metabolism; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers / Q000378:metabolism*; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D006569:Hesperidin / Q000494:pharmacology*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D051379:Mice; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D018384:Oxidative Stress / Q000187:drug effects*; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism
D000975:Antioxidants; D016166:Free Radical Scavengers; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; C075750:8-epi-prostaglandin F2alpha; D015237:Dinoprost; D006569:Hesperidin; D005978:Glutathione; C013015:hesperetin