title: Attitudes of urban American Indians and Alaska Natives regarding participation in research.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine what factors influence participation in health research among American Indians and Alaska Natives.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using vignettes that described 3 types of research studies (a behavioral intervention trial, a genetic association study, and a pharmacotherapy trial), we surveyed 319 patients and 101 staff from an urban Indian health care facility to ascertain how study design, institutional sponsorship, community involvement, human subjects' issues, and subject matter influence participation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Overall response rates were 93% for patients and 75% for staff. Hypothetical participation was highest for the genetic study (patients=64%; staff=48%), followed by the behavioral intervention (patients=46%; staff=42%), and the pharmacotherapy trial (patients=32%; staff=23%). The odds of participation (odds ratio [OR]) were generally increased among patients and staff when the study was conducted by health care providers (OR=1.3 to 2.9) and addressed serious health problems (OR=1.2 to 7.2), but were decreased if the federal government led the study (OR=0.3 to 0.5), confidentiality might be broken (OR=0.1 to 0.3), and compensation was not provided (OR=0.5 to 0.7).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Close attention to study type, institutional sponsorship, community involvement, potential risks and benefits, and topic are essential to conceptualizing, designing, and implementing successful health research with American Indian and Alaska Native populations.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. dedra@u.washington.edu
authors.forename: Dedra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Buchwald
authors.forename: Veronica
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Mendoza-Jenkins
authors.forename: Calvin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Croy
authors.forename: Helen
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: McGough
authors.forename: Marjorie
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bezdek
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Spicer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001294:Attitude to Health; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007198:Indians, North American; D004930:Inuit; D008297:Male; D010358:Patient Participation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D012106:Research; D035502:Trust; D014505:Urban Population