title: [Magnetic resonance analysis of the subscapularis muscle after open anterior shoulder stabilization].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Analysis of the magnetic resonance imaging of the subscapularis musculotendinous unit (SSC) after primary and revision open shoulder stabilization and their correlation with the clinical function.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a retrospective cohort study, 13 patients (mean age of group A: 36.5 years) after primary and 12 (mean age of group B: 34.2 years) after revision open stabilization underwent postoperative MRI of the shoulder. The digital data was analyzed with respect to the vertical und transverse diameters (V[slashed circle], T[slashed circle]) in a defined image slice. A signal intensity analysis was performed (infraspinatus/subscapularis signal-to-noise ratio = ISP/SSC SNR). The clinical examination included the SSC tests and signs and the Constant and Rowe score. Twelve healthy volunteers (group C) served as the control.
  
  
  RESULTS
  From group C to group B, the mean V[slashed circle] of the SSC decreased significantly (p < 0.05) as did the mean T[slashed circle] of the cranial part of the SSC muscle (= crSSC) (p < 0.05). The mean T[slashed circle] of the caudal part of the SSC muscle (= caSSC) did not differ significantly between all groups (p > 0.05). The ISP-SSC SNR was significantly lower (p < 0.05) in the crSSC of groups A und B than in group C. In the caSSC, the SNR increased in groups A and B. In 53.8 % of group A and 92.3 % of group B, clinical signs of SSC insufficiency were found. There was no significant difference between the Constant and the Rowe score in both groups (p > 0.05). Complete tendon ruptures were not observed in any case.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MRI enables semi-quantitative analysis of the postoperative changes of the subscapularis muscle. The decrease of the ISP/SSC SNR points to a fatty degeneration in the crSSC. The results provide indications of the causes of the clinical dysfunction of the subscapularis musculotendinous unit after open shoulder stabilization.
authors.affiliation: Klinik für Strahlenheilkunde, Charité, Berlin. ralf.schroeder@charite.de
authors.forename: R-J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Schröder
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Scheibel
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Tsynman
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Magosch
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Habermeyer
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D015331:Cohort Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007593:Joint Instability / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology / Q000601:surgery*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000293:injuries* / Q000473:pathology*; D011379:Prognosis; D020127:Recovery of Function; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012785:Shoulder Joint / Q000473:pathology* / Q000601:surgery*; D016896:Treatment Outcome