title: Serum CYFRA 21-1 level reflects hepatocellular carcinoma metastasis: study in nude mice model and clinical patients.
abstract: Our previous proteomics study on human hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell strains revealed that cytokeratin 19 (CK19) was expressed in cells with high metastasis potential; we further studied serum CK19 fragment CYFRA 21-1 level in HCC patients and nude mice model of HCC metastasis. HCC cell line HCCLM3 was injected subcutaneously into 30 nude mice which were then randomized into 6 groups of 5 mice each. The murine serum CYFRA 21-1 and pulmonary metastases were determined 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, and 7 weeks after injection. Serum CYFRA 21-1 levels of 101 normal controls and 108 HCC patients were also determined. In nude mice model, CYFRA 21-1 level increased significantly when pulmonary metastases occurred. Among 108 HCC patients, 24 (22.2%) had increased serum CYFRA 21-1 level. The presence of portal vein tumor emboli was significantly higher in CYFRA 21-1 increased cases (33.3%, 6/24) than in CYFRA 21-1 normal cases (6.0%, 5/84) (x2=7.403, P < 0.01). In addition, the percentage of TNM stage III/IV tumor was significantly higher in CYFRA 21-1 increased patients (54.2%, 13/24) than in CYFRA 21-1 normal cases (21.4%, 18/84) (x2=9.776, P < 0.005). These results suggest that CK19 may play an important role in HCC metastasis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oncology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University and Cancer Center of Wuhan University, No. 169 Donghu Road, Wuhan, 430071, China. liyansd@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Yan
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Zhao-You
authors.initials: ZY
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Sheng-Long
authors.initials: SL
authors.lastname: Ye
authors.forename: Lun-Xiu
authors.initials: LX
authors.lastname: Qin
authors.forename: Qiong
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: Rui-Xia
authors.initials: RX
authors.lastname: Sun
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000818:Animals; D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm / Q000097:blood*; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000097:blood*; D006528:Carcinoma, Hepatocellular / Q000097:blood* / Q000556:secondary; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D053539:Keratin-19 / Q000097:blood; D007633:Keratins / Q000097:blood*; D008113:Liver Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000473:pathology; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000097:blood* / Q000556:secondary; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008819:Mice, Nude; D008875:Middle Aged; D009367:Neoplasm Staging; D009360:Neoplastic Cells, Circulating; D011169:Portal Vein; D011897:Random Allocation
chemical_list: D000951:Antigens, Neoplasm; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; D053539:Keratin-19; C102012:antigen CYFRA21.1; D007633:Keratins