title: Cataplexy leading to the diagnosis of Niemann-Pick disease type C.
abstract: Cataplexy in childhood is a rare and often misdiagnosed symptom. It is described as a brief episode of bilateral loss of muscle tone with intact consciousness, triggered by a variety of strong emotions and in particular with unexpected laughter. This report presents a 9-year old male with progressive cerebellar and pyramidal symptoms and a cognitive decline since the age of 4. His recently developed "drop attacks" on laughter were recognized as cataplexy and led to the diagnosis of Niemann-Pick type C disease. With biochemical studies this diagnosis, a lysosomal storage disease, was confirmed. With cataplexy narcolepsy, Niemann-Pick type C disease, Norrie disease, Prader-Willi syndrome, and Coffin-Lowry syndrome are associated disorders. Recognition of cataplexy in children with concomitant neurologic symptoms may lead to an early and straight diagnosis of one of these disorders.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pediatric Neurology, Erasmus MC-Sophia Children's Hospital, Rotterdam, the Netherlands. l.s.smit@easmusmc.nl
authors.forename: Liesbeth S
authors.initials: LS
authors.lastname: Smit
authors.forename: Gert Jan
authors.initials: GJ
authors.lastname: Lammers
authors.forename: Coriene E
authors.initials: CE
authors.lastname: Catsman-Berrevoets
mesh_terms: D002385:Cataplexy / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D002648:Child; D006801:Humans; D007845:Laughter; D008297:Male; D009542:Niemann-Pick Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013575:Syncope / Q000150:complications / Q000175:diagnosis