title: Effects of sustained release of statin by means of tricalcium phosphate lysine delivery system in defect and segmental femoral injuries on certain biochemical markers in vivo.
abstract: Statins, which are 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A (HMG-CoA) reductase inhibitors are widely used for the treatment of hyperlipidemia, and recent studies and animal data suggest that statins promote osteogenesis and increase bone strength. However, little is known about the effects of statins delivered by sustained delivery system to a target site of a defect and segmental bone fractures on certain biochemical markers including reproductive hormones. The purpose of this study was to develop a targeted statin delivery system using Tricalcium Phosphate Lysine (TCPL) for defect and segmental femoral injuries and evaluate the effects on alkaline phosphatase, total protein, malinodialdehyde, glutathione, total cholesterol, testosterone, luteinizing hormone, statins, and follicle-stimulating hormone. Because of the influence oral intake of statins might have on certain body organs, we also examine the histomorphology of the vital and reproductive organs of the animals receiving statins for a period of 30 days and 12 weeks post surgery. Simvastatin used in this study significantly increased fracture healing and without significant influence on the body weights and the weights and morphology of the vital and reproductive organs. There was a significant reduction in the cholesterol levels on the 3rd week in both phases of the study and at the conclusion of the study the difference in the cholesterol levels was no more significant in both phases. Other biochemical markers including plasma LH, FSH and testosterone levels were not affected by active treatment with simvastatin. In conclusion, short and long-term simvastatin treatment delivered at a fracture target site did not influence vital and reproductive organs, the systemic levels of the biochemical markers studied, but was able to effectively stimulate bone formation in simple and complicated segmental fractures.
authors.affiliation: University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, USA.
authors.forename: Felix
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Adah
authors.forename: Hamed
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Benghuzzi
authors.forename: Michelle
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Tucci
authors.forename: George
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Russell
authors.forename: Barry
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: England
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000097:blood; D002130:Calcium Phosphates / Q000737:chemistry*; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D005264:Femoral Fractures / Q000097:blood* / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000473:pathology; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000737:chemistry; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; D008239:Lysine / Q000737:chemistry*; D008297:Male; D011506:Proteins / Q000032:analysis*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D019821:Simvastatin / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016896:Treatment Outcome
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D002130:Calcium Phosphates; D004337:Drug Carriers; D019161:Hydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase Inhibitors; C035170:IGF2 protein, human; D011506:Proteins; C112656:tricalcium phosphate lysine; D007335:Insulin-Like Growth Factor II; D019821:Simvastatin; D008239:Lysine