title: Anti-inflammatory effects of an ethanolic extract from Clematis mandshurica Rupr.
abstract: Clematis mandshurica Rupr (Ranunculaceae) roots are used in traditional Korean medicine to treat inflammation-related diseases. Therefore, we undertook to investigate their inhibitory effect on inflammation under non-cytotoxic conditions. The ethanolic extract of Clematis mandshurica at 100 microg/ml was found to significantly block the production of the pro-inflammatory mediators, nitric oxide (NO) and prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2)), in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)/interferon(IFN)-gamma-stimulated mouse peritoneal macrophages, by up to 77% and 59%, respectively. In addition, it significantly inhibited cell proliferation and cytokine production (interleukin (IL)-2 and IFN-gamma) in splenocytes stimulated with Con A (concanavalin A; 5 microg/ml). Furthermore, when splenocytes from extract fed mice (200 mg/kg for 2 weeks) were activated with Con A, cell proliferation and the production of IL-2 and IFN-gamma were significantly inhibited. In addition, the extract reduced in vivo inflammation in oxazolone-induced delayed type hypersensitivity (DTH) model mice. Taken together, these data suggest that Clematis mandshurica is able to ameliorate inflammatory disease by exerting an anti-inflammatory effect in cases of proinflammatory and cell-mediated inflammation.
authors.affiliation: East-West Bone and Joint Research Center, College of Medicine, Kyung Hee University, Hoegi-1 dong, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 130-701, South Korea.
authors.forename: Eun Kyung
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Park
authors.forename: Mi Hyun
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Ryu
authors.forename: Young Hoon
authors.initials: YH
authors.lastname: Kim
authors.forename: Yeon Ah
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Sang Hoon
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Lee
authors.forename: Doo Hyun
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Woo
authors.forename: Seung Jae
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Hong
authors.forename: Jung Soo
authors.initials: JS
authors.lastname: Han
authors.forename: Myung Chul
authors.initials: MC
authors.lastname: Yoo
authors.forename: Hyung In
authors.initials: HI
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Kyoung Soo
authors.initials: KS
authors.lastname: Kim
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D039324:Clematis / Q000737:chemistry*; D016207:Cytokines / Q000378:metabolism; D015232:Dinoprostone / Q000378:metabolism; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D000431:Ethanol / Q000737:chemistry*; D005260:Female; D006967:Hypersensitivity / Q000188:drug therapy; D008214:Lymphocytes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000378:metabolism; D008517:Phytotherapy; D028321:Plant Preparations / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013154:Spleen / Q000166:cytology
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D016207:Cytokines; D028321:Plant Preparations; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D000431:Ethanol; D015232:Dinoprostone