title: Cardiac involvement in limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2I : conventional cardiac diagnostic and cardiovascular magnetic resonance.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The C826A mutation in the fukutin-related protein (FKRP) gene is typically associated with autosomal recessive limb-girdle muscular dystrophy 2I (LGMD2I) but oligosymptomatic phenotypes and patients with predominant cardiac involvement are also described.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To assess cardiac involvement in patients with LGMD2I.
  
  
  METHODS
  Nine patients from 5 families (2 female, 7 male) homozygous for the 826C > A FKRP mutation were included.
  
  
  METHODS
  Additional to conventional cardiac investigations (electrocardiography and echocardiography) the patients underwent cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cardiac involvement was detected by CMR in eight of nine patients (reduced left ventricular ejection fraction in 6, enlargement of left ventricular end-diastolic volume in 2 and left ventricular mass in 2) and in four patients by conventional cardiac diagnostic investigations. Two of the nine patients showed no muscle weakness or atrophy but suffered myalgias; both had cardiac manifestation of the disease. CMR is a sensitive method for detecting cardiac abnormalities in patients with LGMD2I and can be used for early detection of mild or subclinical cardiac involvement.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurology, Martin-Luther-University Halle-Wittenberg, Ernst-Grube-Strasse 40, 06097, Halle/Saale. charly.gaul@gmx.de
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gaul
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Deschauer
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tempelmann
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Vielhaber
authors.forename: H U
authors.initials: HU
authors.lastname: Klein
authors.forename: H J
authors.initials: HJ
authors.lastname: Heinze
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zierz
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Grothues
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D004452:Echocardiography; D004562:Electrocardiography; D005260:Female; D006331:Heart Diseases / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D006334:Heart Function Tests; D006352:Heart Ventricles / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D049288:Muscular Dystrophies, Limb-Girdle / Q000150:complications* / Q000503:physiopathology; D010146:Pain / Q000209:etiology; D010430:Pentosyltransferases; D011506:Proteins / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D011506:Proteins; C443107:FKRP protein, human; D010430:Pentosyltransferases