title: Prolongation of renal allograft survival in rats by replication-defective recombinant adenovirus-mediated coexpression of CD40L and CTLA4Ig.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Blockade of costimulatory signals has been shown to prolong allograft survival. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effect of simultaneous blockade of CD40/CD40L and CD28/B7 costimulatory pathways by replication-defective adenovirus-mediated expression of secretable extracellular domain of human CD40L (shCD40L) and CTLA4Ig to prolong rats renal allograft survival.
  
  
  METHODS
  We constructed Adv-shCD40L-IRES2-CTLA4Ig, a replication-defective adenovirus carrying genes encoding human CD40L and CTLA4Ig. Coexpression of shCD40L and CTLA4Ig was evaluated by confocal laser scanning microscopy. The function of these two molecules was examined in human mixed lymphocyte reactions (MLRs) in vitro and in experimental BN-to-LEWIS rat renal transplantation in vivo.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Successful construction of Adv-shCD40L-IRES2-CTLA4Ig was confirmed by polymerase chain reaction. Coexpression of shCD40L and CTLA4Ig on human kidney cell line HK-2 cells after transfection was detected by direct immunofluorescence staining. Human MLR was inhibited to 52.2%+/-0.6% and 42.1%+/-0.2% of the vehicle control by Adv-shCD40L and Adv-CTLA4Ig, respectively. Adv-shCD40L-IRES2-CTLA4Ig resulted in further inhibition of MLR to 22.0%+/-0.2% of vehicle control. Transfection with Adv-shCD40L or Adv-CTLA4Ig alone prolonged renal graft survival to 24.8+/-2.5 days and 27.3+/-3.6 days, respectively, as compared to vehicle-treated controls (7.8+/-0.3 days). Cotransfection of both genes extended graft survival to 41.8+/-3.7 days.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Adv-shCD40L-IRES2-CTLA4Ig, a replication-defective adenovirus carrying genes encoding human CD40L and CTLA4Ig, achieved simultaneous blockade of CD40/CD40L and CD28/B7 costimulatory pathways, Adv-shCD40L-IRES2-CTLA4 by Ig synergistically inhibited human T-cell proliferation in MLR, and prolonged rats renal allograft survival.
authors.affiliation: First Affiliated Hospital, Xi'an Jiaotong University Medical College, Xi'an, People's Republic of China.
authors.forename: P-X
authors.initials: PX
authors.lastname: Tian
authors.forename: Z-L
authors.initials: ZL
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Y-S
authors.initials: YS
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: W-J
authors.initials: WJ
authors.lastname: Xue
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
mesh_terms: D000069594:Abatacept; D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000502:physiology; D000818:Animals; D023201:CD40 Ligand / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology; D002460:Cell Line; D006085:Graft Survival / Q000276:immunology*; D006801:Humans; D018796:Immunoconjugates / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology; D007668:Kidney; D016030:Kidney Transplantation / Q000276:immunology*; D008213:Lymphocyte Activation; D007959:Lymphocyte Culture Test, Mixed; D023421:Models, Animal; D051381:Rats; D014184:Transplantation, Homologous; D014779:Virus Replication
chemical_list: D018796:Immunoconjugates; D023201:CD40 Ligand; D000069594:Abatacept