title: Inverted papilloma of the sphenoid sinus: presentation of three cases.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Inverted papilloma deriving originally from the sphenoid sinus is extremely rare. Three such cases are presented aiming to show the particularities and diagnostic clues of this clinical entity.
  
  
  METHODS
  All three patients were male, and presented mainly with nasal symptoms. In all three cases imaging shows the sphenoid sinus was completely occupied by the tumor. Additionally the ethmoids and nasal cavities have been invaded in contiguity to the site of the initial appearance of the tumor. In particular one of the cases was of even more interest as a malignant transformation of the inverted papilloma of the sphenoid sinus was histologically observed. Endoscopic sinus surgery was the therapeutic approach chosen for all three cases, with very good results. Follow up 30 months after the operation has not revealed any signs of recurrence of the disease.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Inverted papilloma of the sphenoid sinuses--and even more malignant transformation--although quite rare, may present occasionally. The ENT surgeon should be aware of this condition. Preoperative imaging with CT scan and MRI and the experience of the surgeon will dictate the appropriate surgical approach.
authors.affiliation: University of Athens Medical School, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Hippocrateion Hospital, Athens, Greece. jyiot@otenet.gr
authors.forename: Ioannis
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Yiotakis
authors.forename: Eleni
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Gkoritsa
authors.forename: Leonidas
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Manolopoulos
authors.forename: Dimitrios
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kandiloros
authors.forename: Stavros
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Korres
authors.forename: Eleftherios
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ferekidis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D018308:Papilloma, Inverted / Q000175:diagnosis*; D010255:Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis*; D013101:Sphenoid Sinus