title: Thoracoscopic lobectomy: a safe and effective strategy for patients receiving induction therapy for non-small cell lung cancer.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Thoracoscopic lobectomy is an accepted oncologic approach for early stage non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). We conducted a retrospective study of patients who underwent lobectomy after induction therapy to determine the feasibility of thoracoscopic lobectomy compared with conventional thoracotomy lobectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  The outcomes of 97 consecutive patients with NSCLC who received induction therapy followed by lobectomy from 1996 to 2005 were reviewed. Outcome variables analyzed included complete resection, chest tube duration, length of hospitalization, 30-day mortality, hemorrhage, pneumonia, respiratory failure, and other major complications. The Student t test and chi2 or RxC contingency tables were used to compare continuous and categoric variables, respectively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Lobectomy was performed by thoracotomy in 85 patients and thoracoscopically in 12 patients (1 conversion), with complete resection in all patients. All patients received induction chemotherapy, and 74 (76%) received induction radiotherapy as well: 66 of 85 (78%) in the thoracotomy group and 8 of 12 (67%) in the thoracoscopy group. The overall median survival was 2.3 years, with no difference between the groups. Patients undergoing a thoracoscopic lobectomy had a shorter median hospital stay (3.5 vs 5 days, p = 0.0024) and chest tube duration (2 vs 4 days, p < 0.001). There were no significant differences in 30-day mortality, hemorrhage, pneumonia, or respiratory failure.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Thoracoscopic lobectomy is a feasible approach for selected patients undergoing resection after induction therapy, and is associated with shorter hospital stay and chest tube duration. Long-term follow-up of survival will determine the role of thoracoscopic lobectomy in the management of patients after induction therapy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina 27710, USA.
authors.forename: Rebecca P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Petersen
authors.forename: Duykhanh
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.forename: Eric M
authors.initials: EM
authors.lastname: Toloza
authors.forename: William R
authors.initials: WR
authors.lastname: Burfeind
authors.forename: David H
authors.initials: DH
authors.lastname: Harpole
authors.forename: Steven I
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Hanish
authors.forename: Thomas A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: D'Amico
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000971:Antineoplastic Combined Chemotherapy Protocols / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D002289:Carcinoma, Non-Small-Cell Lung / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D015505:Chest Tubes / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D015897:Comorbidity; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D015993:Life Tables; D008175:Lung Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000532:radiotherapy / Q000601:surgery*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds / Q000008:administration & dosage; D011013:Pneumonectomy / Q000379:methods*; D011014:Pneumonia / Q000453:epidemiology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000453:epidemiology; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology; D012074:Remission Induction; D012131:Respiratory Insufficiency / Q000453:epidemiology; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis; D043823:Taxoids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D013906:Thoracoscopy; D013908:Thoracotomy / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014748:Vinca Alkaloids / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D009944:Organoplatinum Compounds; D043823:Taxoids; D014748:Vinca Alkaloids