title: Sodium chloride regulates Extracellular Regulated Kinase 1/2 in different tumor cell lines.
abstract: Perturbations of the extracellular ionic content by different hypo- or hyperosmolar stimuli initiate stress responses to maintain cell viability that include activation of Mitogen Activated Protein Kinases (MAPK) in cell lines derived from kidney epithelium. When hyperosmolar conditions induced by different salts occurred in the extracellular environment of tumor-derived cell lines, they activated the Extracellular Regulated Kinase 1/2 by increasing its phosphorylation steady-state on Thr202/Tyr204 in a time- and dose-dependent manner. It was found that Extracellular Regulated Kinase 1/2 activation is a consequence of selective phosphorylation by mitogen-activated protein kinase/ERK kinase. Changes in cell shape or in tubulin or actin cytoskeletal structure were not found, although cell growth arrest was observed as well as induction of apoptosis and modified cell migration ability that were dependent upon Extracellular Regulated Kinase 1/2 activation evidencing a critical role for the Extracellular Regulated Kinase 1/2 in mediating survival of cells in hyperosmotic conditions.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Morfología y Biología Celular, Universidad de Oviedo, Julian Claveria S/N, 33006 Oviedo, Spain. pab_correo@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Pablo
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Perez-Pinera
authors.forename: Manuel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Menendez-Gonzalez
authors.forename: Miguel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: del Valle
authors.forename: Jose Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Vega
mesh_terms: D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004789:Enzyme Activation / Q000187:drug effects; D005455:Fluorescent Antibody Technique; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D010766:Phosphorylation; D012965:Sodium Chloride / Q000494:pharmacology*
chemical_list: D012965:Sodium Chloride; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3