title: Electrocorticography-based brain computer interface--the Seattle experience.
abstract: Electrocorticography (ECoG) has been demonstrated to be an effective modality as a platform for brain-computer interfaces (BCIs). Through our experience with ten subjects, we further demonstrate evidence to support the power and flexibility of this signal for BCI usage. In a subset of four patients, closed-loop BCI experiments were attempted with the patient receiving online feedback that consisted of one-dimensional cursor movement controlled by ECoG features that had shown correlation with various real and imagined motor and speech tasks. All four achieved control, with final target accuracies between 73%-100%. We assess the methods for achieving control and the manner in which enhancing online control can be accomplished by rescreening during online tasks. Additionally, we assess the relevant issues of the current experimental paradigm in light of their clinical constraints.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurological Surgery, School of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104, USA. ericleuhardt@sbcglobal.net
authors.forename: Eric C
authors.initials: EC
authors.lastname: Leuthardt
authors.forename: Kai J
authors.initials: KJ
authors.lastname: Miller
authors.forename: Gerwin
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Schalk
authors.forename: Rajesh P N
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Rao
authors.forename: Jeffrey G
authors.initials: JG
authors.lastname: Ojemann
mesh_terms: D002540:Cerebral Cortex / Q000503:physiopathology*; D004569:Electroencephalography / Q000379:methods*; D004827:Epilepsy / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D005071:Evoked Potentials; D006801:Humans; D013813:Therapy, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D014584:User-Computer Interface; D014861:Washington