title: [Prevalence of hemoglobinopathies in pregnant women in the Lanzarote health sanitary area].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The aim of this study is to analyze the global prevalence of carriers of heterozygous hemoglobinopathies among pregnant women settled in Lanzarote.
  
  
  METHODS
  A epidemiologic cross-sectional observational investigation was undertaken to study the prevalence of hemoglobinopathies in 2,436 pregnant women in Lanzarote. The techniques of primary screening were hemoglobin electrophoresis on cellulose acetate at alkaline pH for the detection of hemoglobin variants, and the quantification of HbA2 and HbF for the diagnosis of b thalassemia trait. The study to confirm the diagnosis of structural hemoglobinopathies was based on hemoglobin electrophoresis on citrate agar at acid pH, isolectric focusing and high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The molecular characterization of b thalassemia trait (HbA2 >3.5%) was carried out by techniques using a real time PCR procedure with specific fluorescently labelled hybridization probes and allele-specific amplification (PCR-ARMS).
  
  
  RESULTS
  The global prevalence of hemoglobinopathies was 11.90 corresponding to 9.44 for structural hemoglobinopathies and 2.46 for heterozygous b thalassemias. A variant hemoglobin was detected on 23 women and the distribution was as follows: thirteen carriers of hemoglobin S, seven HbC trait, two HbD trait and one "unstable" hemoglobin. 82.6% of the variant hemoglobins found were from migrant population from Africa and America.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The high prevalence of carriers of structural hemoglobinopathies in Lanzarote justifies the initiation of programs for screening for hemoglobinopathies to prevent the emergence of severe states causing disease.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Hematología y Hemoterapia, Hospital General de Lanzarote, Las Palmas. jmcvillas@hotmail.com
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Calvo-Villas
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Zapata Ramos
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Cuesta Tovar
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: de la Iglesia Iñigo
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ropero Gradilla
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Carreter de Granda
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sicilia Guillén
mesh_terms: D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D003663:Decision Trees; D005260:Female; D006453:Hemoglobinopathies / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D006801:Humans; D011247:Pregnancy; D011250:Pregnancy Complications, Hematologic / Q000097:blood / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology