title: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor has a proinflammatory activity via the p38 pathway in glucocorticoid-resistant ulcerative colitis.
abstract: Macrophage migration inhibitory factor (MIF) is a cytokine that has potent anti-steroid effects and might be implicated in the pathogenesis of Ulecrative colitis (UC). We defined the functional role of MIF in the glucocorticoid (GC)-resistant inflammatory response in UC. Twenty-four colonic samples were obtained from GC responsive cases, GC refractory cases, Crohn's disease and controls. LPMC were isolated from surgical specimens. MIF was strongly expressed at mRNA levels in refractory cases rather than responsive cases with UC and controls. IL-8 production from LPMC was significantly reduced by GC addition in responsive cases but not in refractory cases. In refractory cases, anti-MIF Ab ameliorated GC-resistant IL-8 production and p38-MAPK activity of LPMC. In addition, p38-MAPK antagonist SB230580 also ameliorated GC-resistant IL-8 production. These results suggest that MIF has an additional proinflammatory activity through the p38-MAPK pathway in GC-resistant UC.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, Hirosaki University School of Medicine, 5 Zaifu-cho, Hirosaki, Aomori 036-8562, Japan. yishihki@msn.com
authors.forename: Yoh
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Ishiguro
authors.forename: Tatsuya
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ohkawara
authors.forename: Hirotake
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Sakuraba
authors.forename: Kazufumi
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Yamagata
authors.forename: Hiroto
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Hiraga
authors.forename: Satoko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yamaguchi
authors.forename: Shinsaku
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Fukuda
authors.forename: Akihiro
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Munakata
authors.forename: Akio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Nakane
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Nishihira
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001706:Biopsy; D002648:Child; D003093:Colitis, Ulcerative / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D004351:Drug Resistance; D004797:Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay; D005260:Female; D005938:Glucocorticoids / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D007093:Imidazoles / Q000494:pharmacology; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D016209:Interleukin-8 / Q000032:analysis / Q000276:immunology; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000166:cytology / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors / Q000276:immunology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D011725:Pyridines / Q000494:pharmacology; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D005938:Glucocorticoids; D007093:Imidazoles; D016209:Interleukin-8; D008263:Macrophage Migration-Inhibitory Factors; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011725:Pyridines; D048051:p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases; C093642:SB 203580