title: Protocatechuic acid suppresses MPP+ -induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptotic cell death in PC12 cells.
abstract: Protocatechuic acid (PCA), a phenolic compound isolated from the kernels of Alpinia (A.) oxyphylla, showed antioxidant neuroprotective effect in our previous study. Here, we investigated the effect of PCA on the MPP(+)-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and apoptotic cell death in PC12 cells. The apoptosis in MPP(+)-induced PC12 cells was associated with loss of mitochondrial membrane potential, the formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS), GSH depletion, activation of caspase-3 and down-regulation of Bcl-2. In contrast, treatment of PC12 cells with PCA significantly prevented the above-mentioned mitochondrial dysfunction. Our data pointed to the potential clinical application/use of PCA to overcome neurodegenerative diseases such as Parkinson's disease.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioscience and Biotechnology, Dalian University of Technology, Dalian 116024, PR China.
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Guan
authors.forename: B
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Y M
authors.initials: YM
authors.lastname: Bao
authors.forename: L J
authors.initials: LJ
authors.lastname: An
mesh_terms: D015655:1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000633:toxicity; D032429:Alpinia / Q000737:chemistry; D000818:Animals; D017209:Apoptosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases / Q000378:metabolism; D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal / Q000494:pharmacology; D004789:Enzyme Activation; D005978:Glutathione / Q000378:metabolism; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008564:Membrane Potentials / Q000187:drug effects; D008928:Mitochondria / Q000187:drug effects*; D051336:Mitochondrial Membranes / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents / Q000494:pharmacology*; D016716:PC12 Cells; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species / Q000378:metabolism; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D004365:Drugs, Chinese Herbal; D062385:Hydroxybenzoates; D018696:Neuroprotective Agents; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D017382:Reactive Oxygen Species; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; C009091:protocatechuic acid; C505410:Casp3 protein, rat; D053148:Caspase 3; D020169:Caspases; D005978:Glutathione; D015655:1-Methyl-4-phenylpyridinium