title: Fusidic acid viscous eyedrops--an evaluation of pharmacodynamics, pharmacokinetics and clinical use for UK optometrists.
abstract: Recent changes in UK law have allowed UK-based optometrists to sell and supply fusidic acid viscous eyedrops, providing it is in the course of their professional activity and in an emergency. Alternatively, the optometrist may access fusidic acid viscous eyedrops, for a named patient, using a written order supplied to a pharmacy. This review provides details of the legal background to these changes, examines the common causes of a bacterial conjunctivitis, examines the mechanism of action of this narrow spectrum antibiotic as a bacteriostatic agent, reviews the susceptibility of common ocular isolates of bacteria to the drug and presents details of the expected pharmacokinetics of the viscous eyedrops. From this perspective, a systematic review is provided of the clinical studies which have investigated the use of fusidic acid viscous eyedrops and their outcome. The indicated use is generally for the treatment of bacterial conjunctivitis and/or blepharoconjunctivitis, especially that caused by Staphylococcus, but not Streptococcus or Haemophilus sp. (more likely associated with concurrent nasopharyngeal infections). The usual regimen for use is twice daily for 5-10 days, depending on severity, and can initially be used more intensively (four times per day). It may also be used for the management of corneal and conjunctival abrasions and foreign body injuries, or some cases of chronic blepharitis.
authors.affiliation: Department of Vision Sciences, Glasgow Caledonian University, Glasgow, UK. m.doughty@gcal.ac.uk
authors.forename: Michael J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Doughty
authors.forename: Gordon N
authors.initials: GN
authors.lastname: Dutton
mesh_terms: D000287:Administration, Topical; D000818:Animals; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D003234:Conjunctivitis, Bacterial / Q000188:drug therapy; D005672:Fusidic Acid / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D006801:Humans; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D009907:Optometry / Q000331:legislation & jurisprudence*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000493:pharmacokinetics / Q000494:pharmacology; D011817:Rabbits; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D009883:Ophthalmic Solutions; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; D005672:Fusidic Acid