title: Heavy metal accumulation and metallothionein concentration in the frog Rana ridibunda after exposure to chromium or a mixture of chromium and cadmium.
abstract: The accumulation of two heavy metals (chromium (Cr) and cadmium (Cd)) in the liver, kidney and gut of Rana ridibunda exposed to Cr or to a mixture of Cr and Cd was investigated. The concentration of metallothioneins (MTs) in the same tissues was also studied. Both metals accumulated mainly in the kidney. Cr accumulation in the liver and gut was not affected by the presence of Cd. Furthermore, Cr concentration in the kidney was doubled when Cd was present. MT concentration did not increase after Cr treatment but it increased two- to six-fold over control values in mixture-exposed frogs, the highest value being observed in the gut. MTs in the gut could act as a barrier preventing ingested heavy metals from entering the blood stream. MT concentration correlated positively with Cd concentrations in both the liver and the gut of mixture-exposed animals.
authors.affiliation: Department of Zoology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124 Thessaloniki, Greece. loubourd@bio.auth.gr
authors.forename: N S
authors.initials: NS
authors.lastname: Loumbourdis
authors.forename: Iason
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Kostaropoulos
authors.forename: Basiliki
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Theodoropoulou
authors.forename: Dimitra
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Kalmanti
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D002857:Chromium / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D004781:Environmental Exposure / Q000009:adverse effects; D004785:Environmental Pollutants / Q000032:analysis / Q000633:toxicity*; D005260:Female; D007422:Intestines / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D007668:Kidney / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000737:chemistry / Q000187:drug effects; D008668:Metallothionein / Q000032:analysis*; D011895:Rana ridibunda / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D004785:Environmental Pollutants; D002104:Cadmium; D002857:Chromium; D008668:Metallothionein