title: Intracellular killing of Brucella melitensis in human macrophages with microsphere-encapsulated gentamicin.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Treatment of human brucellosis demands antibiotic targeting into the mononuclear-phagocytic system. The aim of this work was to prepare and characterize particulate carriers containing gentamicin and to study their interactions with phagocytic cells and bactericidal activity against intracellular Brucella melitensis.
  
  
  METHODS
  Different poly(lactide-co-glycolide) (PLGA) polymers with free carboxylic end-group were used to formulate micro- and nanoparticles containing gentamicin, by a water-oil-water solvent-evaporation technique. PLGA 502H and 75:25H microparticles were selected because they showed the highest gentamicin loadings as well as good physico-chemical properties and sustained release in vitro.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Gentamicin-containing microspheres of both polymers were successfully phagocytosed by infected THP-1 human monocytes, and immunocytochemistry studies revealed that the antibiotic reached Brucella-specific compartments. A dose of 30 microg of encapsulated gentamicin was able to reduce intracellular Brucella infection by 2.2 log.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Altogether, these results suggest that 502H and 75:25H microspheres are suitable carriers for gentamicin targeting inside human macrophages and thus for brucellosis treatment.
authors.affiliation: Department of Microbiology, University of Navarra, Pamplona, Spain.
authors.forename: Concepción
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Lecároz
authors.forename: María J
authors.initials: MJ
authors.lastname: Blanco-Prieto
authors.forename: María A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Burrell
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Gamazo
mesh_terms: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017347:Brucella melitensis / Q000187:drug effects*; D002460:Cell Line; D004337:Drug Carriers / Q000737:chemistry; D005839:Gentamicins / Q000008:administration & dosage / Q000737:chemistry / Q000494:pharmacology*; D006801:Humans; D019344:Lactic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D008264:Macrophages / Q000382:microbiology*; D008863:Microspheres; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry; D010316:Particle Size; D010587:Phagocytosis / Q000187:drug effects*; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid / Q000737:chemistry; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011108:Polymers / Q000737:chemistry; D016897:Respiratory Burst / Q000187:drug effects; D012995:Solubility
chemical_list: D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D004337:Drug Carriers; D005839:Gentamicins; D011108:Polymers; D000077182:Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; D011100:Polyglycolic Acid; D019344:Lactic Acid