The impact of a suspicious prostate biopsy on patients' psychological, socio-behavioral, and medical care outcomes.
OBJECTIVE
To evaluate the psychological, socio-behavioral, and medical implications of apparently false-positive prostate cancer screening results.


METHODS
One hundred and twenty-one men with a benign prostate biopsy performed in response to a suspicious screening test (biopsy group) and 164 men with a normal prostate-specific antigen (PSA) test result (normal PSA group) responded to a questionnaire 6 weeks, 6 and 12 months after their biopsy or PSA test.


RESULTS
The mean (+/-SD) age of respondents was 61+/-9 years (range, 41 to 88 years). One year later, 26% (32/121) of men in the biopsy group reported having worried "a lot" or "some of the time" that they may develop prostate cancer, compared with 6% (10/164) in the normal PSA group (P<.001). Forty-six percent of the biopsy group reported thinking their wife or significant other was concerned about prostate cancer, versus 14% in the normal PSA group (P<.001). Medical record review showed that biopsied men were more likely than those in the normal PSA group to have had at least 1 follow-up PSA test over the year (73% vs 42%, P<.001), more likely to have had another biopsy (15% vs 1%, P<.001), and more likely to have visited a urologist (71% vs 13%, P<.001).


CONCLUSIONS
One year later, men who underwent prostate biopsy more often reported worrying about prostate cancer. In addition, there were related psychological, socio-behavioral, and medical care implications. These hidden tolls associated with screening should be considered in the discussion about the benefits and risks of prostate cancer screening.
Fowler
Floyd J
FJ
The General Medicine Division, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114, USA.
Barry
Michael J
MJ
Walker-Corkery
Beth
B
Caubet
Jean-Francois
JF
Bates
David W
DW
Lee
Jeong Min
JM
Hauser
Alison
A
McNaughton-Collins
Mary
M
D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D001294:Attitude to Health; D001706:Biopsy; D005189:False Positive Reactions; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011467:Prostate / Q000166:cytology / Q000473:pathology*; D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen / Q000097:blood*; D011471:Prostatic Neoplasms / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000523:psychology*
D017430:Prostate-Specific Antigen