title: Forsus Nitinol Flat Spring and Jasper Jumper corrections of Class II division 1 malocclusions.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the effects of Forsus Nitinol Flat Spring (FNFS) and Jasper Jumper (JJ) in the correction of Class II division I malocclusions.
  
  
  METHODS
  Our research was conducted on 48 adolescents, who had a normal or horizontal growth pattern and retrognathic mandible. The patients were divided into three equal groups randomly. First group was treated with FNFS, and the second group was treated with JJ appliances, whereas the third group was the control group. Lateral cephalograms and study models were obtained after the leveling phase and at time of the removal of the appliances.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Cephalometric analysis revealed that both the appliances stimulated mandibular growth, increased the anterior face height because of the lower face, and elongated the posterior face height because of the growth of temporomandibular joint. Maxillary central incisors were extruded, retruded, and distally tipped. Contrarily, intrusion, protrusion, and labial tipping were observed in the mandibular central incisors. Distal movement and intrusion of the maxillary first molars and mesial movement and extrusion of the mandibular first molars were the other dental alterations. Overjet and overbite were decreased, and a Class I molar relationship and improvement in the profile were attained in both treatment groups. Cast model analysis showed expansion in the maxillary and mandibular dental arches.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Both the appliances were effective in the treatment of Class II malocclusion and revealed nearly same alterations in the skeletal, dental, and soft tissue parameters.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, Dental Science Center, Gulhane Military Medical Academy, Ankara, Turkey. senkaracay@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Seniz
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Karacay
authors.forename: Erol
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Akin
authors.forename: Huseyin
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Olmez
authors.forename: A Umit
authors.initials: AU
authors.lastname: Gurton
authors.forename: Deniz
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Sagdic
mesh_terms: D000202:Activator Appliances; D000293:Adolescent; D000497:Alloys; D002508:Cephalometry; D003722:Dental Alloys; D003724:Dental Arch / Q000473:pathology; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007180:Incisor / Q000473:pathology; D008297:Male; D008312:Malocclusion, Angle Class II / Q000628:therapy*; D008334:Mandible / Q000254:growth & development; D008437:Maxilla / Q000473:pathology; D003765:Models, Dental; D008963:Molar / Q000473:pathology; D009532:Nickel; D016382:Orthodontic Appliance Design; D009967:Orthodontic Appliances; D011446:Prospective Studies; D063173:Retrognathia / Q000628:therapy; D013704:Temporomandibular Joint / Q000254:growth & development; D014025:Titanium; D014087:Tooth Movement Techniques; D014716:Vertical Dimension
chemical_list: D000497:Alloys; D003722:Dental Alloys; C040654:titanium nickelide; C013616:nitinol; D009532:Nickel; D014025:Titanium