title: Acute necrotizing encephalopathy: combined therapy and favorable outcome in a new case.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Acute necrotizing encephalopathy (ANE) is a rare disease characterized by multiple, symmetrical brain lesions, affecting thalami, brainstem tegmentum, and cerebellar medulla; more inconstantly, other structures are involved, i.e., internal capsules, posterolateral putamen, and deep periventricular white matter.
  
  
  METHODS
  The clinical picture consists of rapidly deteriorating acute monophasic encephalopathy preceded by prodromal febrile illness; the symptoms include hyperpyrexia, convulsions, recurrent vomiting, and coma within 24 h.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The outcome is usually poor and approximately 70% of the patients die within a few days from the onset of fever. There is no specific therapy for ANE but, in some patients, the clinical status improved with steroid treatment.
authors.affiliation: Service of Neuroradiology, Hospital of Padova, Padova, Italy.
authors.forename: Renzo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Manara
authors.forename: Malida
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Franzoi
authors.forename: Paola
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cogo
authors.forename: Pier Antonio
authors.initials: PA
authors.lastname: Battistella
mesh_terms: D002675:Child, Preschool; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D004684:Leukoencephalitis, Acute Hemorrhagic / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000628:therapy*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000379:methods; D013788:Thalamus / Q000473:pathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed / Q000379:methods; D016896:Treatment Outcome