title: Output vibration measurements of bone-anchored hearing AIDS.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Different bone-anchored hearing aids (BAHAs) processors have different output vibration characteristics, which depend on the mechanical load and the volume setting. Responses will differ between live heads and dry or plastic skulls.
  
  
  BACKGROUND
  The BAHA is an implantable bone-conduction device. Three different BAHA models are available. Their output vibrations have not been reported using a noncontact method with differing impedance loads, including the BAHA-fitted patient head.
  
  
  METHODS
  Using a laser-Doppler vibrometer, vibration responses with sound input of 70- to 80-dB sound pressure level were measured on unloaded BAHAs, a dry skull, a plastic skull, and on the abutments of three live BAHA-fitted patients. Responses at different volume settings and distances from the vibrator were also tested. Frequency responses were calculated for displacement, velocity, and acceleration.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Unloaded BAHA accelerations were approximately 30 to 50 dB higher than live-head accelerations. Live-head accelerations were similar to dry skulls in frequencies of more than 500 Hz, but much higher than the plastic skull responses. Live-head responses were more damped. The Cordelle II outperformed the other two processors by approximately 20 dB. The Classic 300 had better low-frequency responses than the Compact. The volume settings had little effect on vibration output overall. Acceleration peak was at approximately 2.5 kHz for all conditions.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The BAHA processors differ in the output acceleration they can achieve with differing loads. The volume control setting has little impact on accelerations produced for most processors. The live-head responses are similar to the dry skull in frequencies of more than 500 Hz.
authors.affiliation: The Ear and Auditory Research Laboratory, School of Biomedical Engineering, Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada.
authors.forename: Osama
authors.initials: O
authors.lastname: Majdalawieh
authors.forename: Rene G
authors.initials: RG
authors.lastname: Van Wijhe
authors.forename: Manohar
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bance
mesh_terms: D000161:Acoustic Stimulation; D001309:Auditory Threshold; D001844:Bone Conduction; D017097:Electric Impedance; D006310:Hearing Aids; D034381:Hearing Loss / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D006801:Humans; D017755:Prosthesis Fitting; D012886:Skull; D014159:Transducers / Q000592:standards; D014732:Vibration