title: Eating restraint is negatively associated with biomarkers of bone turnover but not measurements of bone mineral density in young women.
abstract: Relationships among bone mineral density (BMD), bone turnover markers, cortisol, calcium and vitamin D intakes, and cognitive eating restraint score were examined. Sixty-five healthy women, ages 18 to 25 years, had total body, spine, hip, and forearm BMD measured by dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry. Serum osteocalcin, urinary cross-linked N-telopeptide of type I collagen (NTx), and salivary cortisol were measured, and intakes of calcium and vitamin D were estimated from questionnaires. Cognitive eating restraint scores were determined from the Eating Inventory. Associations between measures were analyzed by Pearson correlations; predictors of BMD and bone turnover markers were tested using stepwise regression. Serum osteocalcin (P<0.01) and urinary NTx (P<0.05) were negatively related to cognitive eating restraint score. Intakes of calcium (P<0.05) and vitamin D (P<0.05) were associated with forearm BMD. Regression analyses indicated that vitamin D intake predicted total body (P<0.08) and forearm (P<0.01) BMD. Negative associations between cognitive eating restraint score and bone biomarkers suggest a reduction in bone remodeling, not reflected in current BMD.
authors.affiliation: Department of Human Nutrition, Foods, and Exercise, 225 Wallace Hall, Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University, Blacksburg, VA 24061-0430, USA. snrichar@vt.edu
authors.forename: Sharon M
authors.initials: SM
authors.lastname: Nickols-Richardson
authors.forename: Jeannemarie M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Beiseigel
authors.forename: Frank C
authors.initials: FC
authors.lastname: Gwazdauskas
mesh_terms: D015502:Absorptiometry, Photon / Q000379:methods; D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D015415:Biomarkers / Q000032:analysis; D015519:Bone Density / Q000502:physiology*; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D016723:Bone Remodeling / Q000502:physiology*; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000378:metabolism*; D002136:Calcium, Dietary / Q000008:administration & dosage; D024042:Collagen Type I / Q000652:urine; D004435:Eating; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006854:Hydrocortisone / Q000032:analysis; D015675:Osteocalcin / Q000097:blood; D010455:Peptides / Q000652:urine; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012463:Saliva / Q000737:chemistry; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014807:Vitamin D / Q000008:administration & dosage
chemical_list: D015415:Biomarkers; D050071:Bone Density Conservation Agents; D002136:Calcium, Dietary; D024042:Collagen Type I; D010455:Peptides; C052929:collagen type I trimeric cross-linked peptide; D015675:Osteocalcin; D014807:Vitamin D; D006854:Hydrocortisone