title: Clinical use of the Er,Cr: YSGG laser for osseous crown lengthening: redefining the standard of care.
abstract: To design the optimal outcome for a patient during aesthetic enhancement, the restorative dentist must seek to create a symmetrical and harmonious relationship between the lips, gingival architecture, and the positions of the natural dentate forms. In the author's experience, the Er,Cr: YSGG laser has been a useful adjunct for performing aesthetic surgical crown lengthening procedures. This article will highlight the associated biological principles and demonstrate techniques for the application of this laser in closed and open crown lengthening procedures.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  This article demonstrates the use of the Er,Cr: YSGG laser for osseous crown lengthening . Upon reading this article, the reader should have: Enhanced awareness of criteria for developing a biologically stable free gingival margin. Greater familiarity with the open and closed crown lengthening procedures, including case selection and surgical approaches.
authors.affiliation: Charlotte Center for Cosmetic Dentistry at South Park, 2809 Coltsgate Road, Suite 200, Charlotte, NC 28211, USA. boblowedds@aol.com
authors.forename: Robert A
authors.initials: RA
authors.lastname: Lowe
mesh_terms: D000539:Alveolar Process / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D000543:Alveoloplasty; D002985:Clinical Protocols; D016556:Crown Lengthening / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D017267:Dental Prosthesis Design; D004955:Esthetics, Dental; D005881:Gingiva / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D005893:Gingivoplasty; D006801:Humans; D053685:Laser Therapy / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D008046:Lip / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D010347:Patient Care Planning; D014070:Tooth / Q000033:anatomy & histology; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D014945:Wound Healing / Q000502:physiology