title: Immediate endoscopic closure of colon perforation by using a prototype endoscopic suturing device: feasibility and outcome in a porcine model (with video).
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Perforation is an uncommon but potentially devastating complication of colonoscopy. Surgical closure is the standard of care. Immediate endoluminal closure of a perforation would avoid the morbidity and mortality associated with general anesthesia, laparotomy, and surgical repair.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the feasibility and safety of full-thickness endoscopic closure of colonic perforations with a prototype endoscopic suturing device, the Eagle Claw, in a porcine model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Endoscopic animal experimental study of closure of colon perforation by using a porcine model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Ten pigs were included in the study.
  
  
  METHODS
  The Eagle Claw was used to close small perforations (1.5 to 2 cm) of the colon created by needle-knife with the animal under general anesthesia by using the endoluminal route. All animals received intravenous antibiotics and were allowed to eat after 24 hours.
  
  
  METHODS
  The animals were monitored daily for signs of sepsis and peritonitis. On day 7, they were euthanized. The peritoneal cavity was examined for fecal peritonitis, and the colon perforation site was checked for wound dehiscence and pericolic abscess formation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Endoscopic closure of the colon perforation was successful in 7 animals, and they recovered well without any sepsis or peritonitis. Necropsy did not reveal fecal peritonitis or pericolonic abscess formation at the site of perforation, and the perforation healed well. Closure was successful in 1 animal, but necropsy revealed dehiscence of the colon perforation site. Endoscopic closure was unsuccessful in 2 animals, and these were euthanized immediately.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Closure of acute perforation of the colon is feasible with the Eagle Claw endoscopic suturing device in a porcine model.
authors.affiliation: Center for Endoscopic Research, Training, and Innovation (CERTAIN), Department of Internal Medicine, University of Texas Medical Branch, 301 University Boulevard, Galveston, TX 77555, USA.
authors.forename: Binh V
authors.initials: BV
authors.lastname: Pham
authors.forename: Gottumukkala S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Raju
authors.forename: Ijaz
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ahmed
authors.forename: Douglas
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Brining
authors.forename: Sydney
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chung
authors.forename: Peter
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Cotton
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Gostout
authors.forename: Robert H
authors.initials: RH
authors.lastname: Hawes
authors.forename: Anthony N
authors.initials: AN
authors.lastname: Kalloo
authors.forename: Sergey V
authors.initials: SV
authors.lastname: Kantsevoy
authors.forename: Pankaj Jay
authors.initials: PJ
authors.lastname: Pasricha
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D003106:Colon / Q000293:injuries* / Q000601:surgery; D003113:Colonoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects* / Q000379:methods; D004867:Equipment Design; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D007416:Intestinal Perforation / Q000601:surgery*; D023421:Models, Animal; D013536:Suture Techniques / Q000295:instrumentation*; D013552:Swine; D013997:Time Factors