title: High-resolution, time-resolved MRA provides superior definition of lower-extremity arterial segments compared to 2D time-of-flight imaging.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate a novel time-resolved contrast-enhanced (CE) projection reconstruction (PR) magnetic resonance angiography (MRA) method for identifying potential bypass graft target vessels in patients with Class II-IV peripheral vascular disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  Twenty patients (M:F = 15:5, mean age = 58 years, range = 48-83 years), were recruited from routine MRA referrals. All imaging was performed on a 1.5 T MRI system with fast gradients (Signa LX; GE Healthcare, Waukesha, WI). Images were acquired with a novel technique that combined undersampled PR with a time-resolved acquisition to yield an MRA method with high temporal and spatial resolution. The method is called PR hyper time-resolved imaging of contrast kinetics (PR-hyperTRICKS). Quantitative and qualitative analyses were used to compare two-dimensional (2D) time-of-flight (TOF) and PR-hyperTRICKS in 13 arterial segments per lower extremity. Statistical analysis was performed with the Wilcoxon signed-rank test.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen percent (77/517) of the vessels were scored as missing or nondiagnostic with 2D TOF, but were scored as diagnostic with PR-hyperTRICKS. Image quality was superior with PR-hyperTRICKS vs. 2D TOF (on a four-point scale, mean rank = 3.3 +/- 1.2 vs. 2.9 +/- 1.2, P < 0.0001). PR-hyperTRICKS produced images with high contrast-to-noise ratios (CNR) and high spatial and temporal resolution. 2D TOF images were of inferior quality due to moderate spatial resolution, inferior CNR, greater flow-related artifacts, and absence of temporal resolution.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  PR-hyperTRICKS provides superior preoperative assessment of lower limb ischemia compared to 2D TOF.
authors.affiliation: Department of Radiology, University of Wisconsin, Madison, Wisconsin 53792-3252, USA.
authors.forename: F J
authors.initials: FJ
authors.lastname: Thornton
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Du
authors.forename: S A
authors.initials: SA
authors.lastname: Suleiman
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Dieter
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Tefera
authors.forename: K R
authors.initials: KR
authors.lastname: Pillai
authors.forename: F R
authors.initials: FR
authors.lastname: Korosec
authors.forename: C A
authors.initials: CA
authors.lastname: Mistretta
authors.forename: T M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Grist
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000369:Aged, 80 and over; D000465:Algorithms; D000792:Angiography; D016477:Artifacts; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005260:Female; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D035002:Lower Extremity / Q000098:blood supply*; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D016491:Peripheral Vascular Diseases / Q000473:pathology*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; C064925:gadodiamide; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA