title: Vitamin D deficiency and osteoporosis in rehabilitation inpatients.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine vitamin D status and bone mineral density (BMD) in patients admitted to a subacute rehabilitation facility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cross-sectional cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  Subacute rehabilitation facility.
  
  
  METHODS
  Fifty-three community-dwelling patients admitted from June through February 2005.
  
  
  METHODS
  Not applicable.
  
  
  METHODS
  BMD, 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25[OH]D), C-telopeptide (CTX), osteocalcin, and dietary milk intake.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (25[OH]D <20 ng/mL) was 49.1%, while a total of 83% of patients were either vitamin D deficient or insufficient (25[OH]D <30 ng/mL). The prevalence of osteopenia (T score, <-1) was 52.8%; osteoporosis (T score, <-2.5) was 17.0%. CTX (bone resorption marker) was elevated in 60.4% of patients. Osteocalcin (bone formation marker) was elevated in 13.2% of patients. Measurements of bone resorption and formation positively correlated (R2 = .22) indicating increased bone remodeling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Vitamin D deficiency and osteopenia and osteoporosis were highly prevalent in patients admitted for rehabilitation. Elevated bone resorption and remodeling were evident. This could be due to vitamin D deficiency that should be corrected before antiresorptive therapy is considered. The study emphasizes the need for vigilance for vitamin D status and BMD testing in patients admitted to rehabilitation facilities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Boston University Medical Center, Boston, MA, USA.
authors.forename: Leonid M
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Shinchuk
authors.forename: Leslie
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Morse
authors.forename: Nadia
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Huancahuari
authors.forename: Seth
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Arum
authors.forename: Tai C
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Michael F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Holick
mesh_terms: D015519:Bone Density; D001851:Bone Diseases, Metabolic / Q000453:epidemiology; D001862:Bone Resorption; D001900:Boston / Q000453:epidemiology; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007297:Inpatients; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010024:Osteoporosis / Q000453:epidemiology*; D015995:Prevalence; D012047:Rehabilitation Centers; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires; D014808:Vitamin D Deficiency / Q000453:epidemiology*