title: Occurrence of aflatoxins, ochratoxin A, and fumonisins in retail foods in Japan.
abstract: We conducted a survey of aflatoxin B1, B2, G1, and G2, ochratoxin A, and fumonisin B1, B2, and B3 contamination in various foods on the retail market in Japan in 2004 and 2005. The mycotoxins were analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, or high-performance thin-layer chromatography. Aflatoxins were detected in 10 of 21 peanut butter samples; the highest concentration of aflatoxin B1 was 2.59 microg/kg. Aflatoxin contamination was not found in corn products, corn, peanuts, buckwheat flour, dried buckwheat noodles, rice, or sesame oil. Ochratoxin A was detected in oatmeal, wheat flour, rye, buckwheat flour, green coffee beans, roasted coffee beans, raisins, beer, and wine but not in rice or corn products. Ochratoxin A concentrations in contaminated samples were below 0.8 microg/kg. Fumonisins were detected in popcorn, frozen corn, corn flakes, and corn grits. The highest concentrations of fumonisins B1, B2, and B3 in these samples were 354.0, 94.0, and 64.0 microg/kg, respectively.
authors.affiliation: National Institute of Health Sciences, 1-18-1, Kamiyoga, Setagaya-ku, Tokyo 158-8501, Japan. ykonishi@nihs.go.jp
authors.forename: Yoshiko
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Sugita-Konishi
authors.forename: Masahiro
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Nakajima
authors.forename: Setsuko
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Tabata
authors.forename: Eiichi
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Ishikuro
authors.forename: Toshitsugu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tanaka
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Norizuki
authors.forename: Yoshinori
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Itoh
authors.forename: Koji
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Aoyama
authors.forename: Kazuhiro
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Fujita
authors.forename: Shigemi
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kai
authors.forename: Susumu
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kumagai
mesh_terms: D000348:Aflatoxins / Q000032:analysis*; D010367:Arachis / Q000737:chemistry; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D002855:Chromatography, Thin Layer; D003257:Consumer Product Safety; D002523:Edible Grain / Q000737:chemistry; D005504:Food Analysis; D005506:Food Contamination / Q000032:analysis*; D037341:Fumonisins / Q000032:analysis*; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry; D006801:Humans; D007564:Japan; D009793:Ochratoxins / Q000032:analysis*
chemical_list: D000348:Aflatoxins; D037341:Fumonisins; D009793:Ochratoxins