title: The impact of daily Duddingtonia flagrans application to lactating ewes on gastrointestinal nematodes infections in their lambs in the Netherlands.
abstract: Two experiments were performed in 2002 and 2003 to evaluate the effect of biological control of gastrointestinal nematodes in sheep through the daily feeding of 500,000 chlamydospores of Duddingtonia flagrans/kg bodyweight to lactating ewes during the first 9 weeks with their young lambs on pasture. In both experiments four groups of eight ewes and their April-borne lambs were used. They were turned out on four separate plots (plots A) at the beginning of May, moved to similar separate plots after 3 (plots B) and 6 weeks (plots C), respectively, and weaning occurred after 9 weeks. In both experiments, two groups were fed spores daily while the two other groups served as controls. The effect of D. flagrans application was evaluated through faecal egg counts of ewes and lambs, the yield of faecal cultures in ewes, pasture larval counts and worm counts of lambs and tracer lambs. The results demonstrated no effect of D. flagrans application during the first 5 (2002) or 4 (2003) weeks. Subsequently, fungus application strongly reduced the yield in faecal cultures of the ewes. This was, however, not reflected in the pasture larval counts, but lower worm burdens were observed in tracer lambs of 'treated' plots C in 2002 than on those of 'control' plots. In 2003 worm burdens in 'treated' lambs returned to plots B were lower than those of 'control' lambs and a tendency for the same was observed for plots C. However, in all groups, lambs and tracer lambs developed severe haemonchosis.
authors.affiliation: Division of Parasitology and Tropical Veterinary Medicine, Department of Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Utrecht University, 3508 TD Utrecht, The Netherlands. m.eysker@vet.uu.nl
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Eysker
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bakker
authors.forename: Y A
authors.initials: YA
authors.lastname: van der Hall
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: van Hecke
authors.forename: F N J
authors.initials: FN
authors.lastname: Kooyman
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: van der Linden
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Schrama
authors.forename: H W
authors.initials: HW
authors.lastname: Ploeger
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000831:Animals, Newborn / Q000469:parasitology; D000833:Animals, Suckling / Q000469:parasitology; D005243:Feces / Q000469:parasitology; D005260:Female; D007411:Intestinal Diseases, Parasitic / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D007774:Lactation; D003904:Mitosporic Fungi / Q000502:physiology*; D009349:Nematode Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000517:prevention & control / Q000635:transmission / Q000662:veterinary*; D009426:Netherlands / Q000453:epidemiology; D010270:Parasite Egg Count / Q000662:veterinary; D010572:Pest Control, Biological; D011897:Random Allocation; D013172:Spores, Fungal / Q000502:physiology; D014886:Weaning