title: Cell surface beta 1, 4-galactosyltransferase 1 promotes apoptosis by inhibiting epidermal growth factor receptor pathway.
abstract: Our previous studies have shown that overexpression of beta1,4-galactosyltransferase1 (beta1,4GT1) leads to increased apoptosis induced by cycloheximide (CHX) in SMMC-7721 human hepatocarcinoma cells. However, the role of beta1,4GT1 in apoptosis remains unclear. Here we demonstrated that cell surface beta1,4GT1 inhibited the autophosphorylation of epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) especially at Try 1068. The phosphorylation of protein kinase B (PKB/Akt) and extracellular signal-regulated protein kinase1/2 (ERK1/2), which are downstream molecules of EGFR, were also reduced in cell surface beta1,4GT1-overexpressing cells. Furthermore, the translocations of Bad and Bax that are regulated by PKB/Akt and ERK1/2 were also increased in these cells. As a result, the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol was increased and caspase-3 was activated. In contrast, RNAi-mediated knockdown of beta1,4GT1 increased the autophosphorylation of EGFR. These results demonstrated that cell surface beta1,4GT1 may negatively regulate cell survival possibly through inhibiting and modulating EGFR signaling pathway.
authors.affiliation: Gene Research Center, Shanghai Medical College of Fudan University, Shanghai, China, 200032.
authors.forename: Zejuan
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Hongliang
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Zong
authors.forename: Xiangfei
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Kong
authors.forename: Si
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Hanzhou
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Qing
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Jianxin
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Gu
mesh_terms: D017209:Apoptosis; D003513:Cycloheximide / Q000494:pharmacology; D015536:Down-Regulation / Q000235:genetics; D066246:ErbB Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D005700:Galactosyltransferases / Q000172:deficiency / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3 / Q000378:metabolism; D008954:Models, Biological; D010766:Phosphorylation / Q000187:drug effects; D019000:Phosphotyrosine / Q000378:metabolism; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt / Q000378:metabolism; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2 / Q000378:metabolism; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000378:metabolism; D014407:Tumor Cells, Cultured; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein / Q000378:metabolism; D051025:bcl-Associated Death Protein / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D007527:Isoenzymes; D019253:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D051028:bcl-2-Associated X Protein; D051025:bcl-Associated Death Protein; D019000:Phosphotyrosine; D003513:Cycloheximide; D005700:Galactosyltransferases; C119701:beta-1,4-galactosyltransferase I; D066246:ErbB Receptors; D051057:Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-akt; D019950:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 1; D048052:Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase 3