Deep brain stimulation: neuropsychological and neuropsychiatric issues.
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder characterized by motor, cognitive, neuropsychiatric, autonomic, and other nonmotor symptoms. The efficacy of deep brain stimulation (DBS) for the motor symptoms of advanced PD is well established. However, the effects of DBS on the cognitive and neuropsychiatric symptoms are less clear. The neuropsychiatric aspects of DBS for PD have recently been of considerable clinical and pathophysiological interest. As a companion to the preoperative and postoperative sections of the DBS consensus articles, this article reviews the published literature on the cognitive and neuropsychiatric aspects of DBS for PD. The majority of the observed neuropsychiatric symptoms are transient, treatable, and potentially preventable. Outcome studies, methodological issues, pathophysiology, and preoperative and postoperative management of the cognitive and neuropsychiatric aspects and complications of DBS for PD are discussed.
Voon
Valerie
V
Department of Psychiatry, Toronto Western Hospital, Toronto, Canada. voonv@ninds.nih.gov
Kubu
Cynthia
C
Krack
Paul
P
Houeto
Jean-Luc
JL
Tröster
Alexander I
AI
D003072:Cognition Disorders / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology*; D046690:Deep Brain Stimulation / Q000295:instrumentation*; D003863:Depression / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D006212:Hallucinations / Q000175:diagnosis / Q000209:etiology / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D009483:Neuropsychological Tests; D010300:Parkinson Disease / Q000150:complications* / Q000628:therapy*; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D020531:Subthalamic Nucleus / Q000502:physiology; D013788:Thalamus / Q000502:physiology