title: Can exchange transfusions treat postoperative intrahepatic colestasis in patients with sickle cell anemia?
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Although the most common cause of liver failure (LF) in hematologic patients is viral hepatitis, several episodes of sickle cell intrahepatic cholestasis (IHC) have been reported as rare but potentially causative of fulminant LF. Reviewing the literature, we have presented a single case of intrahepatic cholestasis after major liver resection, which was effectively treated by exchange transfusion.
  
  
  METHODS
  Serial hemoglobin S, D levels and liver enzymes were monitored postoperatively.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Although the patient's intra- and postoperative courses were uneventful, an increased serum bilirubin was identified to be due to intrahepatic sinusoid congestion and subsequent cholestasis. Exchange transfusion was required to maintain HbS below 20% and reverse bilirubin levels to normal values.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Sickle cell anemia is a rare cause of cholestasis after major hepatic surgery. To our knowledge, this case is the only documented incidence of IHC following major hepatectomy that was effectively treated with exchange transfusion.
authors.affiliation: Liver Surgical Unit, Agia Olga Hospital, Athens, Greece, and Department of Surgery, University of Miami, FL, USA.
authors.forename: S G
authors.initials: SG
authors.lastname: Delis
authors.forename: Z
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Touloumis
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Bourli
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Madariaga
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dervenis
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000755:Anemia, Sickle Cell / Q000628:therapy*; D002780:Cholestasis, Intrahepatic / Q000628:therapy*; D005078:Exchange Transfusion, Whole Blood; D006451:Hemoglobin, Sickle / Q000032:analysis; D006801:Humans; D008099:Liver / Q000601:surgery*; D008111:Liver Function Tests; D008297:Male; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000628:therapy*; D012004:Rectal Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D006451:Hemoglobin, Sickle