title: [Comparison of clinical outcome between patients continuing and discontinuing lamivudine therapy in acute exacerbation after viral breakthrough during lamivudine therapy in chronic hepatitis B].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Continuation of lamivudine therapy is controversial for patients with chronic hepatitis B when viral breakthrough occurs. Moreover, the effect of continuous lamivudine therapy is unknown in patients with acute exacerbation after viral breakthrough. We assessed clinical course of acute exacerbation after viral breakthrough in patients who continued and discontinued lamivudine therapy.
  
  
  METHODS
  Medical records of 109 patients with viral breakthrough during lamivudine therapy were reviewed. Of 40 patients with acute exacerbation (ALT level > 5 x ULN), adefovir dipivoxil was unavailable in 38 patients. These 38 patients (mean age 42.6 years; male/female, 34/6) were divided into continuation (n=21) and discontinuation (n=17) groups. Clinical courses of the 2 groups were compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  During follow-up period (mean, 27 months; range, 6-60 months), ALT levels decreased to < 2 x ULN in 11 patients (52%) of continuation group and 9 patients (53%) of discontinuation group, varied from 2 x to 5 x ULN in 9 (43%) and 5 (29%), respectively, and increased to > 5 x ULN in 1 (5%) and 3 (18%), respectively, with no statistical significance (P=.417).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  When acute exacerbation of ALT levels occurs after viral breakthrough during lamivudine administration in patients with compensated chronic hepatitis B, continuation of lamivudine may have no advantage over discontinuation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Internal Medicine, Yeungnam University College of Medicine, Daegu, Korea. immesun@hanmail.net
authors.forename: Jong Ryul
authors.initials: JR
authors.lastname: Eun
mesh_terms: D000208:Acute Disease; D000225:Adenine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000998:Antiviral Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D005260:Female; D006515:Hepatitis B virus / Q000302:isolation & purification*; D019694:Hepatitis B, Chronic / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000201:enzymology / Q000821:virology*; D006801:Humans; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000008:administration & dosage*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D063065:Organophosphonates / Q000627:therapeutic use
chemical_list: D000998:Antiviral Agents; D063065:Organophosphonates; D019259:Lamivudine; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000225:Adenine; C106812:adefovir dipivoxil