title: Control of translocations between highly diverged genes by Sgs1, the Saccharomyces cerevisiae homolog of the Bloom's syndrome protein.
abstract: Sgs1 is a RecQ family DNA helicase required for genome stability in Saccharomyces cerevisiae whose human homologs BLM, WRN, and RECQL4 are mutated in Bloom's, Werner, and Rothmund Thomson syndromes, respectively. Sgs1 and mismatch repair (MMR) are inhibitors of recombination between similar but divergent (homeologous) DNA sequences. Here we show that SGS1, but not MMR, is critical for suppressing spontaneous, recurring translocations between diverged genes in cells with mutations in the genes encoding the checkpoint proteins Mec3, Rad24, Rad9, or Rfc5, the chromatin assembly factors Cac1 or Asf1, and the DNA helicase Rrm3. The S-phase checkpoint kinase and telomere maintenance factor Tel1, a homolog of the human ataxia telangiectasia (ATM) protein, prevents these translocations, whereas the checkpoint kinase Mec1, a homolog of the human ATM-related protein, and the Rad53 checkpoint kinase are not required. The translocation structures observed suggest involvement of a dicentric intermediate and break-induced replication with multiple cycles of DNA template switching.
authors.affiliation: Department of Biology, University of South Florida, 4202 E. Fowler Avenue, SCA110, Tampa, FL 33620, USA. kschmidt@cas.usf.edu
authors.forename: Kristina H
authors.initials: KH
authors.lastname: Schmidt
authors.forename: Joann
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Richard D
authors.initials: RD
authors.lastname: Kolodner
mesh_terms: D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D026923:Amino Acid Transport Systems, Basic / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020137:Base Pair Mismatch; D001483:Base Sequence; D001816:Bloom Syndrome / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D004265:DNA Helicases / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D004271:DNA, Fungal / Q000235:genetics; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D005800:Genes, Fungal; D006801:Humans; D008969:Molecular Sequence Data; D009154:Mutation; D053484:RecQ Helicases; D012441:Saccharomyces cerevisiae / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D013045:Species Specificity; D013489:Suppression, Genetic; D014178:Translocation, Genetic
chemical_list: D026923:Amino Acid Transport Systems, Basic; C502212:CAN1 protein, S cerevisiae; D004271:DNA, Fungal; D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C430023:LYP1 protein, S cerevisiae; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D000251:Adenosine Triphosphatases; C097151:Bloom syndrome protein; C090472:SGS1 protein, S cerevisiae; D004265:DNA Helicases; D053484:RecQ Helicases