title: Amplification of CCND1, EMS1, PIK3CA, and ERBB oncogenes in ethmoid sinus adenocarcinomas.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Assess the amplification of CCND1, EMS1, PIK3CA, ERBB1, and ERBB2 oncogenes in ethmoid sinus adenocarcinomas.
  
  
  METHODS
  Tissue samples from 13 primary ethmoid adenocarcinomas and 2 recurrences were studied at Hospital Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain, between July 1998 and February 2002. A semiquantitative evaluation of CCND1, EMS1, PIK3CA, ERBB1, and ERBB2 amplification was performed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Three (23%) cases presented CCND1 amplification, one of them with a concurrent PIK3CA amplification. EMS1 was amplified in the 2 studied recurrences. ERBB1 was amplified in 1 case (8%), whereas none presented ERBB2 amplification. Oncogenic amplifications were only detected in advanced (stage III) tumors; however, no prognostic value could be shown for them.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  CCND1, EMS1, PIK3CA, and ERBB1 amplifications are uncommon and appear to be late events in the development of ethmoid sinus adenocarcinoma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  New information on the carcinogenesis of this infrequent sinonasal tumor is presented.
authors.affiliation: Department of Otolaryngology, Hospital Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain. gnazar@clinicalascondes.cl
authors.forename: Gonzalo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Nazar
authors.forename: María V
authors.initials: MV
authors.lastname: González
authors.forename: Juana María
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: García
authors.forename: José L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Llorente
authors.forename: Juan P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Rodrigo
authors.forename: Carlos
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Suárez
mesh_terms: D000230:Adenocarcinoma / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000368:Aged; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000235:genetics; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D051356:Cortactin / Q000235:genetics*; D019938:Cyclin D1 / Q000235:genetics*; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm / Q000235:genetics; D005005:Ethmoid Sinus; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic; D018773:Genes, erbB-1 / Q000235:genetics*; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010255:Paranasal Sinus Neoplasms / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / Q000235:genetics*; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C495868:CTTN protein, human; D051356:Cortactin; D004273:DNA, Neoplasm; D019938:Cyclin D1; D019869:Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; D058534:Class I Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases; C484760:PIK3CA protein, human