title: New designer drug 4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxy-beta-phenethylamine (2C-I): studies on its metabolism and toxicological detection in rat urine using gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric and capillary electrophoretic/mass spectrometric techniques.
abstract: Studies are described on the metabolism and the toxicological analysis of the phenethylamine-derived designer drug 4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxy-beta-phenethylamine (2C-I) in rat urine using gas chromatographic/mass spectrometric (GC/MS) techniques, and for a particular question, using capillary electrophoretic/mass spectrometric (CE/MS) techniques. The identified metabolites indicated that 2C-I was metabolized on the one hand by O-demethylation in position 2 and 5, respectively, followed either by N-acetylation or by deamination with subsequent oxidation to the corresponding acid or reduction to the corresponding alcohol, respectively. The latter metabolite was hydroxylated in beta-position and further oxidized to the corresponding oxo metabolite. On the other hand, 2C-I was metabolized by deamination with subsequent oxidation to the corresponding acid or reduction to the corresponding alcohol, respectively. 2C-I and most of its metabolites were partially excreted in conjugated form. The authors' systematic toxicological analysis (STA) procedure using full-scan GC/MS after acid hydrolysis, liquid-liquid extraction and microwave-assisted acetylation allowed the detection of an intake of a dose of 2C-I in rat urine that corresponds to a common drug users' dose. Assuming similar metabolism, the described STA procedure should be suitable for proof of an intake of 2C-I in human urine.
authors.affiliation: Department of Experimental and Clinical Toxicology, Institute of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Saarland, D-66421 Homburg (Saar), Germany.
authors.forename: Denis S
authors.initials: DS
authors.lastname: Theobald
authors.forename: Michael
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Pütz
authors.forename: Erhard
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Schneider
authors.forename: Hans H
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Maurer
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002197:Capillary Action; D015198:Designer Drugs / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D004118:Dimethoxyphenylethylamine / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000652:urine; D004586:Electrophoresis / Q000379:methods; D008401:Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D008297:Male; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar
chemical_list: D015198:Designer Drugs; D004118:Dimethoxyphenylethylamine; C521995:4-iodo-2,5-dimethoxy-beta-phenethylamine