title: An extract of Lannea microcarpa: composition, activity and evaluation of cutaneous irritation in cell cultures and reconstituted human epidermis.
abstract: Lannea microcarpa (Anacardiaceae) is a tropical tree used in African folk medicine and commercial dermopharmaceutical formulations. Fractionation and analysis of its polar extract allowed the identification of 4'-methoxy-myricetin 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside, myricetin 3-O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranoside, myricetin 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranoside, vitexin, isovitexin, gallic acid and epi-catechin, as the major constituents. In-vivo assay (the croton oil ear test in mice) showed that the extract had significant anti-inflammatory effect (ID50 = 900 microg cm(-2)) but ten times lower than that of indometacin (ID50 = 93 microg cm(-2)), the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug used as reference. Cytotoxicity and cutaneous irritation of the extract and its constituents were investigated. The crude extract and its major components did not affect cell viability in-vitro either in three different cultures (J774. A1, WEHI-164 and HEK-293) of cells grown in monolayers or in the reconstituted human epidermis (RHE, 3D model), nor did they cause release of pro-inflammatory mediators (IL-1alpha) or histomorphological modification of RHE.
authors.affiliation: School of Pharmacy and Master in Cosmetic Science and Technology, University of Salerno, Italy.
authors.forename: P
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Picerno
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Mencherini
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Della Loggia
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Meloni
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Sanogo
authors.forename: R P
authors.initials: RP
authors.lastname: Aquino
mesh_terms: D027926:Anacardiaceae / Q000737:chemistry*; D000818:Animals; D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D002460:Cell Line; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000187:drug effects; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D017453:Dermatitis, Irritant / Q000188:drug therapy*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004817:Epidermis / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D006801:Humans; D066298:In Vitro Techniques; D008264:Macrophages / Q000187:drug effects*; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008815:Mice, Inbred Strains; D015394:Molecular Structure; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000894:Anti-Inflammatory Agents, Non-Steroidal; D010936:Plant Extracts