title: [Prospective evaluation of the safety and tolerance of colonoscopy in children].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Colonoscopy is a well established diagnostic and therapeutic procedure in pediatrics.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate colon preparation alternatives for colonoscopy or sigmoidoscopy, type of sedation, clinical indications and findings.
  
  
  METHODS
  Prospective study of 123 children referred for colonoscopy. Demographic data, type of colon preparation, sedation, type of endoscope and endoscopic results were obtained. The following day, a phone interview was carried out inquiring about duration, quality and adverse effects of the sedation and procedure.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seventy one boys (58%) and 52 girls (42%) with a mean age of 6.7+/-4.4 years, were recruited. The main indication was lower gastrointestinal bleeding (71%). The different colon preparations produced elimination of clear liquid stools in 50%, non transparent liquid in 23%, semi liquid in 22% and solid in 6% of the patients. Most common side effects were abdominal distension (20%) and nausea (16.8%). The most commonly used drugs were midazolam (76%) and demerol (43%). The average duration of the procedure was 18.3 minutes (range: 4-50). The most common findings were rectal polyps (18.7%) and hemorrhagic colitis (14.6%). In 77% of cases, the sedation was considered very good or good. Colon visualization was described as very good (51%) or good (36%). Seventy three percent of children had complete amnesia. The most common adverse effect was vomiting (7.5%).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Lower endoscopies are feasible procedures to carry out in children, in an ambulatory basis, with intravenous sedation and minimum adverse effects.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Pediatría, Facultad de Medicina, Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile, Santiago, Chile.
authors.forename: Juan Cristóbal
authors.initials: JC
authors.lastname: Gana A
authors.forename: Constanza
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Glenz A
authors.forename: Pamela
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Marchant A
authors.forename: Carina
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Vaca Z
authors.forename: Ximena
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: García R
authors.forename: Francisco
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Larraín B
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Harris D
mesh_terms: D000284:Administration, Oral; D000285:Administration, Rectal; D000293:Adolescent; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D003113:Colonoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000592:standards*; D004733:Enema / Q000009:adverse effects; D005260:Female; D006471:Gastrointestinal Hemorrhage / Q000601:surgery; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008297:Male; D010043:Outcome and Process Assessment, Health Care; D017060:Patient Satisfaction; D011182:Postoperative Care / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000592:standards*; D011300:Preoperative Care / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000592:standards*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012812:Sigmoidoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000592:standards