title: [Anatomical study on Jingming (BL 1)].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To explore the anatomical structures, and depth and direction of needling at Jingming (BL 1), so as to provide anatomical basis for its clinical application.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty-eight adult orbital specimens were observed by dissection.
  
  
  RESULTS
  When a needle was vertically inserted into Jingming (BL 1), the needle tip will past through the skin, subcutaneous tissue, medial palpebral ligament, medialis rectus and orbital adipose body. Above the body of the needle, there are ophthalmic artery, anterior ethmoidal artery and nasociliary nerve. The average distance between the skin at the punctured point and the anterior ethmoidal artery is (18.25 +/- 4.45) mm, with an angle of (12.5 +/- 5.5) degrees, and the average distance between the skin at the punctured point and the optic nerve tunnel frontal point is (43.37 +/- 7.84) mm.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  To avoid bleeding caused by injuring the anterior ethmoidal artery, acupuncture at Jingming (BL 1) should avoid deeply inserting needled back-upwards and upwards, and the needling depth should not exceed 30.36 mm to avoid injury of the optic nerve tunnel frontal point.
authors.affiliation: Wenzhou Medical College, Zhejiang 325000, China. xxdang1208@wzmc.net
authors.forename: Xiang-dang
authors.initials: XD
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Lian-zhou
authors.initials: LZ
authors.lastname: Jin
authors.forename: Xin-fa
authors.initials: XF
authors.lastname: Lou
authors.forename: Shu-hong
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Sun
authors.forename: Song-he
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Jiang
mesh_terms: D015669:Acupuncture Points; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D009915:Orbit / Q000033:anatomy & histology