Retrograded tapioca starch prevents ovarian hormone deficiency-induced hypercholesterolemia.
The purpose of this study was to examine whether retrograded tapioca starch (RS3-tapioca) prevents ovarian hormone deficiency-induced hypercholesterolemia. Six-month-old Wistar female rats were subjected to sham-operation or ovariectomy, and fed a cholesterol-free purified diet with or without RS3-tapioca (150 g/kg diet) instead of digestible cornstarch for 28 d. Body weight gain and food intake increased in ovariectomized rats (OVX-rats). Plasma total cholesterol concentration was lowered by RS3-tapioca in OVX rats, but not in sham-operated rats. Liver lipids increased in OVX-rats, but liver cholesterol concentration was not affected by ovariectomy and RS3-tapioca. CYP7A1 activity, small intestinal and cecal bile acid content, and fecal bile acid excretion were increased by RS3-tapioca. The ratio of cholic acid groups to chenodeoxycholic acid groups in the bile acid of the small intestine was increased by RS3-tapioca. Thus, the preventive effect of RS3-tapioca on the ovarian hormone deficiency-associated increase in plasma cholesterol concentration appears to be mediated by accelerated fecal excretion of bile acid and an increase in the intestinal pool of bile acid.
Liu
Xiong
X
Department of Biological Resources, Faculty of Agriculture, Ehime University, Matsuyama, Japan.
Sawauchi
Hiromi
H
Ogawa
Hiroshi
H
Kishida
Taro
T
Ebihara
Kiyoshi
K
D000818:Animals; D001647:Bile Acids and Salts / Q000378:metabolism; D001835:Body Weight / Q000187:drug effects; D002790:Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase / Q000378:metabolism; D004435:Eating / Q000187:drug effects; D005243:Feces; D005260:Female; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones / Q000172:deficiency*; D006937:Hypercholesterolemia / Q000378:metabolism / Q000517:prevention & control*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D050356:Lipid Metabolism / Q000187:drug effects; D008099:Liver / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism; D002365:Manihot; D009929:Organ Size / Q000187:drug effects; D010052:Ovariectomy; D010053:Ovary / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000503:physiopathology; D051381:Rats; D017208:Rats, Wistar; D013213:Starch / Q000494:pharmacology*
D001647:Bile Acids and Salts; D012739:Gonadal Steroid Hormones; D013213:Starch; D002790:Cholesterol 7-alpha-Hydroxylase