title: Population structure and admixture in Cerro Largo, Uruguay, based on blood markers and mitochondrial DNA polymorphisms.
abstract: Recent studies of the Uruguayan population revealed different amounts of Amerindian and African genetic contributions. Our previous analysis of Afro-Uruguayans from the capital city of the Department of Cerro Largo showed a high proportion of African genes, and the effects of directional mating involving Amerindian women. In this paper, we extended the analysis to a sample of more than 100 individuals representing a random sample of the population of the whole Department. Based on 18 autosomal markers and one X-linked marker, we estimated 82% European, 8% Amerindian, and 10% African contributions to their ancestry, while from seven mitochondrial DNA site-specific polymorphic markers and sequences of hypervariable segment I, we determined 49% European, 30% Amerindian, and 21% African maternal contributions. Directional matings between Amerindian women and European men were detected, but differences involving Africans were not significant. Data about the specific origins of maternal lineages were also provided, and placed in a historical context.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Antropología Biológica, Facultad de Humanidades y Ciencias de la Educación, Universidad de la República, 11200 Montevideo, Uruguay. msans@fhuce.edu.uy
authors.forename: Mónica
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sans
authors.forename: D Andrew
authors.initials: DA
authors.lastname: Merriwether
authors.forename: Pedro C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Hidalgo
authors.forename: Nilo
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Bentancor
authors.forename: Tania A
authors.initials: TA
authors.lastname: Weimer
authors.forename: Maria Helena L P
authors.initials: MH
authors.lastname: Franco
authors.forename: Inés
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Alvarez
authors.forename: Brian M
authors.initials: BM
authors.lastname: Kemp
authors.forename: Francisco M
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Salzano
mesh_terms: D044383:Black People / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D001789:Blood Group Antigens / Q000097:blood / Q000145:classification*; D041322:Chromosomes, Human, Y / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial / Q000145:classification / Q000235:genetics*; D003710:Demography; D004641:Emigration and Immigration; D005787:Gene Frequency / Q000235:genetics; D005828:Genetics, Population; D005838:Genotype; D006239:Haplotypes / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007199:Indians, South American / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics; D010641:Phenotype; D010802:Phylogeny; D011110:Polymorphism, Genetic; D017422:Sequence Analysis, DNA; D014583:Uruguay / Q000208:ethnology; D044465:White People / Q000208:ethnology / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D001789:Blood Group Antigens; D004272:DNA, Mitochondrial