title: In vitro behavior of ophthalmic viscosurgical devices during phacoemulsification.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the behavior and aspiration of several ophthalmic viscosurgical devices (OVDs) during phacoemulsification.
  
  
  METHODS
  Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Dental College Suidobashi Hospital, Tokyo, Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  Cohesive OVDs (sodium hyaluronate 1.0% [Healon and Provisc]), dispersive OVDs (sodium hyaluronate 3.0%-chondroitin sulfate 4.0% [Viscoat]), and new-generation OVDs such as viscoadaptive (sodium hyaluronate 2.3% [Healon5]) and viscodispersive (hyaluronic acid 1.65%-chondroitin sulfate 4.0% [DisCoVisc]) OVDs, were stained with fluorescein sodium. The movement of the OVDs during simulated cataract surgery was recorded in porcine eyes under an operating microscope and with a side-view video camera. The initial and complete aspiration times of each OVD during phacoemulsification using 20 and 40 mL/min flow rates and sleeves and the removal times using the irrigation and aspiration (I/A) tip at the end of surgery were evaluated from the recorded videos.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The complete aspiration time of the cohesive OVDs was less than 3 seconds but up to 20 seconds with a low flow rate of 20 mL/min with a smaller sleeve. Other OVDs remained in the anterior chamber during phacoemulsification with both flow rates. The removal time for cohesive OVDs was less than 4 seconds and for new-generation OVDs, 10 to 15 seconds. The dispersive OVD required a significantly (P<.05) longer removal time than other OVDs.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Cohesive OVDs are removed easily during phacoemulsification; however, the aspiration rate can be affected by fluidics. New-generation OVDs, such as Healon5 and DisCoVisc, remained in the anterior chamber during phacoemulsification and were removed easily by I/A at the end of surgery. The behavior of these OVDs is preferable during phacoemulsification.
authors.affiliation: Department of Ophthalmology, Tokyo Dental College Suidobashi Hospital, Tokyo, Japan. bissen@tdc.ac.jp
authors.forename: Hiroko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Bissen-Miyajima
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002807:Chondroitin; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D018481:Convection; D004322:Drainage / Q000379:methods*; D004338:Drug Combinations; D019793:Fluorescein; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D018918:Phacoemulsification; D013552:Swine; D007507:Therapeutic Irrigation; D014741:Video Recording
chemical_list: D004338:Drug Combinations; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; C501944:chondroitin sulfate, sodium hyaluronate drug combination; D006820:Hyaluronic Acid; D002807:Chondroitin; D002809:Chondroitin Sulfates; D019793:Fluorescein