Environmental assessment of different photo-Fenton approaches for commercial reactive dye removal.
An environmental study using life cycle assessment (LCA) has been applied to three bench-scale wastewater treatments for Cibacron Red FN-R hetero-bireactive dye removal: artificial light photo-Fenton process, solar driven photo-Fenton process and artificial light photo-Fenton process coupled to a biological treatment. The study is focused on electricity and chemicals consumption, transports and atmosphere and water emissions generated by the different processes involved. Results show that the artificial light photo-Fenton process is the worst treatment in terms of environmental impact. On the other hand, both solar driven and coupled to biological photo-Fenton processes reduce significantly the environmental damage, although none can be identified as the best in all impact categories. The major environmental impact is attributed to the H2O2 consumption and to the electrical energy consumption to run the UVA lamp. An economic analysis of the different photo-Fenton processes has also been performed and the results are discussed together with those obtained from the environmental assessment.
García-Montaño
Julia
J
Departament de Química, Edifici Cn, Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona, E-08193 Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.
Ruiz
Nilbia
N
Muñoz
Iván
I
Domènech
Xavier
X
García-Hortal
José A
JA
Torrades
Francesc
F
Peral
José
J
D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D004396:Coloring Agents / Q000737:chemistry; D004560:Electricity; D004777:Environment; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide / Q000191:economics; D007501:Iron / Q000191:economics; D008027:Light; D013784:Textiles; D014227:Triazines; D014865:Waste Disposal, Fluid / Q000379:methods*
C496119:C. I. reactive red 238; D004396:Coloring Agents; C045076:Fenton's reagent; D014227:Triazines; D006861:Hydrogen Peroxide; D007501:Iron