title: Risk assessment for delayed hemorrhagic complication of colonic polypectomy: polyp-related factors and patient-related factors.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Hemorrhage is among the most serious complications of colorectal polypectomy and may occur after a longer postprocedure interval.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  We aimed to elucidate the risk factors for delayed postpolypectomy hemorrhage, including both polyp characteristics and the general condition of the patients.
  
  
  METHODS
  Retrospective cohort study.
  
  
  METHODS
  A total of 6617 cases of colorectal polypectomy was performed in 3138 consecutive patients in Japan.
  
  
  METHODS
  The risk factors for delayed postpolypectomy hemorrhage were assessed among polyp characteristics (form, size, histologic features) and the method of resection by unconditional logistic regression. Patient conditions (smoking, alcohol, hypertension, diabetes mellitus, hyperlipidemia) were compared between case-control pairs matched on polyp-related characteristics by conditional logistic regression.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Hemorrhage occurred in 38 lesions (0.57%) of 37 patients (1.2%): 22 required endoscopic hemostasis and 1 required blood transfusion. Although polyp size was associated with the occurrence of delayed hemorrhage (10.0 +/- 6.9 mm in hemorrhage cases vs 5.6 +/- 3.8 mm in others, P < .0001), other polyp-related factors were not significant. Hypertension was a complication in 25 of 37 (68%) cases and in 21 of 74 (28%) matched controls, showing an adjusted odds ratio of 5.6 (95% CI 1.8-17.2, P = .001). Other patient characteristics were not significant. The interval between polypectomy and hemorrhage was significantly longer in patients with hypertension (median 6 days, range 2-14 days) than in those without hypertension (2.5 days, 1-9 days; P = .019).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study does not provide information regarding prevention of hemorrhage.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Hypertension is a significant risk factor for delayed colorectal postpolypectomy hemorrhage. The interval between polypectomy and hemorrhage can be as long as 14 days in the presence of hypertension.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, University of Tokyo, 7-3-1 Hongo, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan 113-8655.
authors.forename: Hirotsugu
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Watabe
authors.forename: Yutaka
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Yamaji
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Okamoto
authors.forename: Shintaro
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kondo
authors.forename: Miki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ohta
authors.forename: Tsuneo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Ikenoue
authors.forename: Jun
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Kato
authors.forename: Goichi
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Togo
authors.forename: Masayuki
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Matsumura
authors.forename: Haruhiko
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Yoshida
authors.forename: Takao
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kawabe
authors.forename: Masao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Omata
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016022:Case-Control Studies; D003111:Colonic Polyps / Q000601:surgery*; D003113:Colonoscopy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D003920:Diabetes Mellitus / Q000453:epidemiology; D005260:Female; D016558:Hemostasis, Endoscopic; D006801:Humans; D006949:Hyperlipidemias / Q000453:epidemiology; D015994:Incidence; D016015:Logistic Models; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015999:Multivariate Analysis; D019106:Postoperative Hemorrhage / Q000453:epidemiology* / Q000209:etiology; D018570:Risk Assessment; D013997:Time Factors