title: [Partial k-space sampling with zero filling used with phase-contrast flow measurements: in vivo and in vitro validation].
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To validate the technique of partial k-space sampling and zero filling with phase-contrast flow measurements as compared to measurements with full k-space sampling.
  
  
  METHODS
  In vitro: A laminar flow phantom was utilized to evaluate the effect of partial k-space sampling on the accuracy, precision and signal-to-noise ratio of phase-contrast flow measurements. In vivo: The effect of partial k-space sampling on the quantification of cardiac output (n = 40 patients) and the duration of the scan were evaluated in the ascending aorta (n = 37) and pulmonary trunk (n = 34) in a prospective study.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Partial k-space sampling resulted in an increase in the SNR by 2 % in vitro. The precision was altered by less than 1 %. Flow volumes were systematically overestimated by 3.5 %. No significant differences were found in the in vivo measurements of cardiac output. The scan duration was reduced by 34 % by utilizing partial k-space sampling.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Partial k-space sampling can be used to reduce scan time without a significant decrease in the accuracy or precision of phase-contrast flow measurements in large arteries.
authors.affiliation: Diagnostische Radiologie, Medizinische Hochschule Hannover. pertschy.stefanie@mh-hannover.de
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Pertschy
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Meyer
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Waalkes
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Doeker
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Koshedub
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Noeske
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Galanski
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Lotz
mesh_terms: D001158:Arteries / Q000033:anatomy & histology / Q000502:physiology; D001783:Blood Flow Velocity / Q000502:physiology*; D002302:Cardiac Output / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D007089:Image Enhancement / Q000379:methods*; D007090:Image Interpretation, Computer-Assisted / Q000379:methods*; D008279:Magnetic Resonance Imaging / Q000295:instrumentation / Q000379:methods*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012212:Rheology / Q000379:methods*; D018401:Sample Size; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D012815:Signal Processing, Computer-Assisted