title: (AAT)n repeat in the cannabinoid receptor gene, CNR1: association with schizophrenia in a Spanish population.
abstract: The cannabinoid receptor 1 gene (CNR1) has been associated with addictive disorders and schizophrenia in different studies. We have compared the frequencies of the alleles for the 3'-UTR CNR1 microsatellite in a sample of 113 Spanish schizophrenic patients, including 68 with comorbid substance abuse, and 111 healthy controls. We report that the frequency of the allele 4 of this microsatellite is significantly lower in schizophrenia patients when compared with controls (chi(2) = 7.858; df 1; P = 0.005). No differences have been found with respect to substance abuse.Thus, the allele 4 represents, in our sample, a protective factor against schizophrenia (odds ratio 0.468, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.27-0.79). The population attributable genetic risk for the allele 4 absence is 30% (95% CI = 17-41%) and the attributable risk for the allele 4 absence in those with schizophrenia is 53% (95% CI = 20-73%). Our results suggest that, independent of substance abuse, differences in the cannabinoid system function could be involved in the vulnerability to schizophrenia in Spanish population.
authors.affiliation: Retiro Mental Health Service, C/ Lope de Rueda n 43, 28007, Madrid, Spain. garuva@inicia.es
authors.forename: Isabel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Martínez-Gras
authors.forename: Janet
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Hoenicka
authors.forename: Guillermo
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Ponce
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Rodríguez-Jiménez
authors.forename: Miguel Angel
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Jiménez-Arriero
authors.forename: Elena
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Pérez-Hernandez
authors.forename: Israel
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ampuero
authors.forename: Jose Antonio
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ramos-Atance
authors.forename: Tomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Palomo
authors.forename: Gabriel
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rubio
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000483:Alleles; D005260:Female; D005787:Gene Frequency; D005838:Genotype; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D018895:Microsatellite Repeats / Q000235:genetics; D016017:Odds Ratio; D011569:Psychiatric Status Rating Scales; D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1 / Q000235:genetics*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction; D012306:Risk; D012559:Schizophrenia / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000235:genetics*; D013030:Spain / Q000453:epidemiology; D018911:Trinucleotide Repeats / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D043884:Receptor, Cannabinoid, CB1