title: Inhibition of lesion progression by the penetration of resins in vitro: influence of the application procedure.
abstract: This study compared the progression of sealed initial enamel lesions penetrated with a fissure sealant (Helioseal, Vivadent) or various adhesives (Heliobond, Excite, Vivadent; Resulcin, Merz; Solobond M, Voco; Prompt L-Pop, 3M-ESPE) after exposure to a demineralizing solution, in vitro. From 27 bovine teeth, 54 enamel specimens were prepared and covered with nail varnish (control), thus obtaining three windows for treatment. After demineralization (pH 5.0; 14 days), two of the windows (A, B) were etched with phosphoric acid (20%; 5 seconds); whereas, the third area served as the control (C). The specimens were divided randomly into six groups (n=9), and the material was applied (90 seconds) either once (A) or twice (B). Light-curing followed each application. Half of the area of each specimen window was then covered with nail varnish, and the samples were again stored in the demineralizing solution (pH 5.0; 14 days). The specimens were cut perpendicular to the surface, and both enamel slabs were studied after infiltration using a fluorescent, low viscous resin (VIRIN) and confocal microscopy (CLSM). Lesion depths were calculated (ImageJ) from the surface to that point in the lesion where the grey values clearly changed to a darker grey. After demineralization, mean lesion depths (SD) (14 days) were measured at 105 (21) microm. The second demineralization led to a mean progression of the lesion depths of 52 (31)%. Adper Prompt L-Pop and Solobond M could not significantly prevent lesion progression after a single application (p > 0.05; t-test); however, the second application of Solobond M significantly decreased lesion progression (p < 0.05; t-test). Helioseal, Heliobond, Resulcin Monobond and Excite showed significantly better inhibition of the demineralization compared to the other materials (p < 0.05; Bonferroni). It can be concluded that the penetration of adhesives into initial lesions inhibited a further demineralization in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Department of Operative Dentistry and Periodontology, School of Dental Medicine, Campus Benjamin Franklin, Charité-Universitätsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mueller
authors.forename: Hendrik
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Meyer-Lueckel
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Paris
authors.forename: Werner
authors.initials: W
authors.lastname: Hopfenmuller
authors.forename: Andrej M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Kielbassa
mesh_terms: D000134:Acid Etching, Dental; D000179:Acrylates / Q000494:pharmacology; D000180:Acrylic Resins / Q000494:pharmacology; D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle; D003188:Composite Resins / Q000494:pharmacology; D001840:Dental Bonding; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000473:pathology; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents / Q000494:pharmacology; D018450:Disease Progression; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D007091:Image Processing, Computer-Assisted; D008689:Methacrylates / Q000494:pharmacology; D018613:Microscopy, Confocal; D010756:Phosphoric Acids / Q000008:administration & dosage; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants / Q000494:pharmacology*; D011897:Random Allocation; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors; D017001:Tooth Demineralization / Q000517:prevention & control*
chemical_list: D000179:Acrylates; D000180:Acrylic Resins; D003188:Composite Resins; D017220:Dentin-Bonding Agents; C420130:Excite cement; D005456:Fluorescent Dyes; D008689:Methacrylates; D010756:Phosphoric Acids; D010895:Pit and Fissure Sealants; C408584:Prompt L-Pop; D019279:Resin Cements; C122122:Resulcin aquaPrime; C425825:Solobond M; C059908:Helioseal; C040415:heliobond; C030242:phosphoric acid