title: An AFM investigation of oligonucleotides anchored on unoxidized crystalline silicon surfaces.
abstract: Carboxylic terminated monolayers have been covalently attached on phosphorous doped crystalline (100) silicon surfaces using a cathodic electro grafting technique. The functionalization concentration and efficiency have been evaluated with different techniques. In particular, topographic images, performed with an atomic force microscope, were used to optimize the protocol in order to obtain a surface whose characteristics of uniformity and reproducibility are ideal for a bio-electronic device. Phase lag images of the functionalized surfaces were also performed, and show non-topographic structures that have been interpreted as areas of different molecule self-orientation. Poly-thymine oligonucleotides have been anchored on such a surface to form a nano-biosensing device capable to react selectively with a specific target molecule, a poly-adenine oligonucleotide. AFM images of high density (approximately 3x10(12) mol/cm2) single strand and double strand covered samples show toroidal shaped structures formed by the self-assembly of the oligonucleotides on the silicon surface.
authors.affiliation: Istituto di Struttura della Materia, C.N.R. Sezione di Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy. longo@ism.cnr.it
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Longo
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Girasole
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Pompeo
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Cricenti
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Andreano
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Cattaruzza
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Cellai
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Flamini
authors.forename: C
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Guarino
authors.forename: T
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Prosperi
mesh_terms: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible / Q000737:chemistry*; D003460:Crystallization / Q000379:methods*; D004247:DNA / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D008422:Materials Testing; D018625:Microscopy, Atomic Force; D049329:Nanostructures / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D010084:Oxidation-Reduction; D012825:Silicon / Q000737:chemistry*; D013499:Surface Properties
chemical_list: D020099:Coated Materials, Biocompatible; D004247:DNA; D012825:Silicon