title: Compatibility of the fungus Metarhizium anisopliae and deltamethrin to control a resistant strain of Boophilus microplus tick.
abstract: The tick Boophilus microplus causes economic impact to cattle producers and has a great capacity to develop resistance to chemical acaricides. It is very important the development of new techniques to complement the control of this parasitosis. Biological control is a promising option to maintain acceptable levels of tick populations in cattle. Therefore, the present study evaluated the association of deltamethrin and the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae against B. microplus larvae resistant to pyrethroid. The synthetic pyrethroid, deltamethrin, was used at concentrations of 0.39, 0.78, 1.56, 3.12 and 6.12 ppm, M. anisopliae was used at concentrations of 10(5), 10(6), 10(7) and 10(8) conidia ml(-1). Their associations were also evaluated in in vitro tests. The assays showed that the tick strain is resistant to deltamethrin, but high mortality rates were observed when deltamethrin was associated with the entomopathogen. The larvae's mortality rates ranged from 7 to 36.5% for the different concentrations of deltamethrin, however, for the different concentrations of M. anisopliae, the mortality rates ranged from 10 to 96.9%. Mortality rates were proportional to the concentrations used for both deltamethrin and the fungus. Predominantly, the association of pyrethroid and fungus resulted in higher larvae mortalility rates than those obtained with the respective non-associated concentrations. Thus, the present study indicates that this association can be used as a tool for integrated control of the tick B. microplus.
authors.affiliation: Curso de Pós-graduação em Ciências Veterinárias, Universidade Federal Rural do Rio de Janeiro, BR 465 Km 7, Seropédica, RJ, Brazil.
authors.forename: Thiago Campanharo
authors.initials: TC
authors.lastname: Bahiense
authors.forename: Everton Kort Kamp
authors.initials: EK
authors.lastname: Fernandes
authors.forename: Vânia Rita Elias Pinheiro
authors.initials: VR
authors.lastname: Bittencourt
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D002417:Cattle / Q000469:parasitology; D015169:Colony Count, Microbial; D003131:Combined Modality Therapy; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D005260:Female; D007305:Insecticide Resistance; D007306:Insecticides / Q000494:pharmacology*; D026863:Ixodidae / Q000187:drug effects / Q000254:growth & development*; D052981:Metarhizium / Q000502:physiology*; D009570:Nitriles / Q000494:pharmacology*; D010572:Pest Control, Biological / Q000379:methods*; D011722:Pyrethrins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D013983:Tick Control / Q000379:methods*
chemical_list: D007306:Insecticides; D009570:Nitriles; D011722:Pyrethrins; C017180:decamethrin