title: Managing self-injection difficulties in patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis.
abstract: Difficulties with self-injection, including inabillity to self-inject, are common for individuals taking home-administered injectable medications. In relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis (MS), all of the currently available disease-modifying medications are injectables marketed for self-injection. Problems with self-injection pose a barrier to treatment adherence for many patients. Clinicians at the University of California, San Francisco (UCSF) Multiple Sclerosis Center have developed a number of strategies to help patients who experience anxiety associated with self-injection. These strategies have been empirically tested and found to be effective and easily implemented by mental health professionals and nurses. This article offers case examples and discussion of the principles of the techniques developed at UCSF to remediate patients' difficulties with self-injection. Nurses are most often the healthcare providers responsible for training MS patients in self-injection and monitoring their compliance. Nurses who are familiar with these tools have the opportunity to have a significant positive impact on patient comfort, confidence, and, ultimately, successful long-term adherence to disease-modifying medications.
authors.affiliation: University of California, San Francisco, USA. darcyc@itsa.ucsf.edu
authors.forename: Darcy
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: Jerome
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Stone
mesh_terms: D001007:Anxiety / Q000209:etiology / Q000517:prevention & control*; D015928:Cognitive Behavioral Therapy / Q000379:methods*; D006801:Humans; D007267:Injections / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000523:psychology*; D008370:Manuals as Topic; D020529:Multiple Sclerosis, Relapsing-Remitting / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000451:nursing; D010349:Patient Compliance; D010353:Patient Education as Topic; D012646:Self Administration