title: Bronchoscopic treatment of postpneumonectomy bronchopleural fistula with a collagen screw plug.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Bronchopleural fistula is a critical complication that may occur after pulmonary resection. Early closure of the fistula is required to prevent thoracic empyema or aspiration pneumonia. We have designed a novel procedure for bronchoscopic occlusion of the fistula with a collagen screw plug and assessed its feasibility in an experimental animal model.
  
  
  METHODS
  Adult beagle dogs underwent right or left pneumonectomy, and the bronchial stump was closed with the Sweet method. A silicone bar (2 mm in diameter) was then placed in the middle of the bronchial stump. Seven days after the operation, the silicone bar was removed bronchoscopically, and fistula formation was confirmed. A screw-shaped 2% collagen screw plug (20 mm long and 3 mm in diameter) was mounted at the end of a modified endoscopic cannula and then inserted into the fistula. Autologous platelet-rich plasma was then soaked onto the inserted plug.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Nine of 10 beagle dogs with bronchopleural fistula were treated successfully by plug occlusion. One dog died of pneumothorax caused by dislocation of the plug. Pathologic examination revealed that the collagen sponge had been replaced by fibrous tissue and that the fistula was covered with normal epithelium. Although soaking with platelet-rich plasma made the plug airtight immediately, the use of platelet-rich plasma seemed to make no distinct difference with respect to the treatment result or pathologic findings.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Bronchoscopic occlusion with a collagen screw plug is a promising option for treatment of small bronchopleural fistulas after pulmonary surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Bioartificial Organs, Institute for Frontier Medical Sciences, Kyoto University, Kyoto, Japan. hiroyukitao@hotmail.com
authors.forename: Hiroyuki
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Tao
authors.forename: Masato
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Araki
authors.forename: Toshihiko
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Sato
authors.forename: Shigeyuki
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Morino
authors.forename: Rieko
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Kawanami
authors.forename: Makoto
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Yoshitani
authors.forename: Tatsuo
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D001983:Bronchial Fistula / Q000601:surgery*; D001999:Bronchoscopy; D003094:Collagen / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004195:Disease Models, Animal; D004285:Dogs; D004867:Equipment Design; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D010995:Pleural Diseases / Q000601:surgery*; D011013:Pneumonectomy / Q000009:adverse effects*; D019736:Prostheses and Implants; D011474:Prosthesis Design; D016156:Respiratory Tract Fistula / Q000601:surgery*
chemical_list: D003094:Collagen