title: Update on clarithromycin resistance in Helicobacter pylori in Hong Kong and its effect on clarithromycin-based triple therapy.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine the antibiotic susceptibility of Helicobacter pylori and evaluate the efficacy of a clarithromycin-based triple therapy in relation to antibiotic resistance.
  
  
  METHODS
  Consecutive patients referred for upper endoscopy due to dyspeptic symptoms were recruited. Gastric biopsies were obtained for the CLO test, histology and culture. Antibiotic susceptibility was assessed by the E-test. Patients with H. pylori infection received rabeprazole 20 mg, clarithromycin 500 mg, and amoxicillin 1,000 mg, all twice daily for 7 days.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Of 234 patients recruited, 124 were H. pylori-positive and culture was successful in 102 patients. The updated prevalences of resistance to clarithromycin, amoxicillin and metronidazole were 7.8, 0 and 39.2%, respectively. A total of 86 patients received 1-week triple therapy with rabeprazole 20 mg, clarithromycin 500 mg, and amoxicillin 1,000 mg, all twice daily, and 81 patients attended the follow-up test. Eradication rates by per-protocol and intention-to-treat analysis were 92.6 and 87.2%, respectively. The eradication rate by per protocol was significantly higher in patients with clarithromycin-susceptible strains than in those with clarithromycin-resistant strains (98.6 vs. 28.6%, p < 0.001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Clarithromycin resistance reduces the clinical efficacy of clarithromycin-based triple therapy. However, due to the low prevalence of clarithromycin resistance, clarithromycin-based therapy is still the first choice for clinical use.
authors.affiliation: Department of Gastroenterology, The First Hospital, Peking University, Beijing, China.
authors.forename: Q
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Gu
authors.forename: H H X
authors.initials: HH
authors.lastname: Xia
authors.forename: J D
authors.initials: JD
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: W M
authors.initials: WM
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: A O O
authors.initials: AO
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Lai
authors.forename: C K
authors.initials: CK
authors.lastname: Chan
authors.forename: M F
authors.initials: MF
authors.lastname: Yuen
authors.forename: F M Y
authors.initials: FM
authors.lastname: Fung
authors.forename: K W
authors.initials: KW
authors.lastname: Wong
authors.forename: S K
authors.initials: SK
authors.lastname: Lam
authors.forename: B C Y
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Wong
mesh_terms: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D000658:Amoxicillin / Q000627:therapeutic use; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001706:Biopsy; D001944:Breath Tests; D016009:Chi-Square Distribution; D017291:Clarithromycin / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D024881:Drug Resistance, Bacterial; D004359:Drug Therapy, Combination; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal; D005260:Female; D016481:Helicobacter Infections / Q000188:drug therapy*; D016480:Helicobacter pylori / Q000302:isolation & purification; D006723:Hong Kong; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008826:Microbial Sensitivity Tests; D008875:Middle Aged; D064750:Rabeprazole; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric
chemical_list: D053799:2-Pyridinylmethylsulfinylbenzimidazoles; D000900:Anti-Bacterial Agents; D000897:Anti-Ulcer Agents; D064750:Rabeprazole; D000658:Amoxicillin; D017291:Clarithromycin