title: Changes in gait kinematics and posture with the use of a front pack.
abstract: The objective of this study was to determine if posture during gait can be affected by position of the load. It was hypothesized that the front pack would result in postural changes in the gait cycle, compared to a similarly loaded backpack. Thirteen healthy adults, free of any injury, volunteered to participate in this study. Two dimensional video data were collected at 50 Hz using a MacReflex video system. A backpack and a front pack were compared using loads of 10 and 15% of body weight. Markers were placed on the ear, acromion, greater trochanter and lateral joint line of the knee, lateral malleolus and fifth metatarsophalangeal joint. Data were collected while the participants walked at 0.75 stride/s. The data were used to calculate joint angles and displacements during each gait cycle. There was a significant difference noted in angles of the hip flexion, with the backpack condition demonstrating a greater flexion in each stride than either the control or front pack. Both backpack and front pack conditions demonstrated a significant change in neck motion compared to the control condition. The results of the position analysis over time also revealed an increase in the forward head position when participants were wearing the backpack compared to either the control or the front pack condition. It was concluded that the use of a front pack results in a more upright posture in gait, when compared to a backpack carrying the same load.
authors.affiliation: University of Luton, Park Square, Luton, Bedfordshire, UK. paul.fiolkowski@luton.ac.uk
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Fiolkowski
authors.forename: Marybeth
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Horodyski
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Bishop
authors.forename: Melissa
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Williams
authors.forename: Lee
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Stylianou
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001696:Biomechanical Phenomena; D005260:Female; D005684:Gait / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D011187:Posture; D014481:United States; D016474:Weight-Bearing