title: Establishment of a patterned GAL4-VP16 transactivation system for discovering gene function in rice.
abstract: A binary GAL4-VP16-UAS transactivation system has been established in rice (Oryza sativa L.) in this study for the discovery of gene functions. This binary system consists of two types of transgenic lines, pattern lines and target lines. The pattern lines were produced by transformation of Zhonghua 11, a japonica cultivar, with a construct consisting of the transactivator gene GAL4-VP16 controlled by a minimal promoter and the GUSplus reporter controlled by the upstream activation sequence (UAS; cis-element to GAL4). Target lines were generated by transformation of Zhonghua 11 with constructs carrying the EGFP reporter and target genes of interest, both controlled by the UAS but in opposite directions. Hybrid plants were obtained by crossing target lines of 10 putative transcription factor genes from rice with six pattern lines showing expression in anther, stigma, palea, lemma and leaves. The EGFP and target genes perfectly co-expressed in hybrid plants with the same expression patterns as in the pattern lines. Various phenotypic changes, such as delayed flowering, multiple pistils, dwarfism, narrow and droopy leaves, reduced tillers, growth retardation and sterility, were induced as a result of the expression of the target genes. It is concluded that this transactivation system can provide a useful tool in rice to unveil latent functions of unknown or known genes.
authors.affiliation: National Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, National Center of Plant Gene Research (Wuhan), Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China.
authors.forename: Dacheng
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Liang
authors.forename: Changyin
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Wu
authors.forename: Caishun
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Caiguo
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Xu
authors.forename: Jianwei
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Andrzej
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Kilian
authors.forename: Xianghua
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Qifa
authors.initials: Q
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Lizhong
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Xiong
mesh_terms: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; D035264:Flowers / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D020869:Gene Expression Profiling; D018506:Gene Expression Regulation, Plant; D017343:Genes, Plant / Q000235:genetics*; D017405:Herpes Simplex Virus Protein Vmw65 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012275:Oryza / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D010641:Phenotype; D018515:Plant Leaves / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000235:genetics* / Q000378:metabolism*; D030821:Plants, Genetically Modified; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D036226:Seedlings / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D014157:Transcription Factors / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D015533:Transcriptional Activation
chemical_list: D004268:DNA-Binding Proteins; C052130:GAL4 protein, S cerevisiae; D017405:Herpes Simplex Virus Protein Vmw65; D010940:Plant Proteins; D029701:Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins; D014157:Transcription Factors