title: Preincubation with the proteasome inhibitor MG-132 enhances proteasome activity via the Nrf2 transcription factor in aging human skin fibroblasts.
abstract: Strategies that lead to the upregulation of the proteasome are known to elicit beneficial consequences to the organism by countering oxidative stress-associated disorders, such as protein conformational diseases, cancer, and aging. Mild treatment with proteasome inhibitors has been previously demonstrated to stimulate proteasome activity and cellular resistance against oxidative injury. However, the mechanism for this action has not been clearly defined. We examined the role of the nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) in fibroblasts, a key transactivator of the antioxidant response pathway, in the regulation of the proteasome by its inhibitor MG-132. Here, we demonstrate that the stimulation of the proteasome by low levels of MG-132 can be abrogated by small interfering RNAs (siRNAs) targeted against Nrf2. Consistently, cells that constitutively express Nrf2 exhibit elevated levels of proteasome activities. We further investigate how its beneficial effects, that is, proteasome stimulation, are manifested in young and replicative-senescent cells. Our data underscore that manipulation of Nrf2 by the administration of pharmacologically low levels of proteasome inhibitors may prove to be an alternatively potent strategy for inducing long-term protective effects against oxidative stress.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Cellular Ageing, Danish Centre for Molecular Gerontology, Department of Molecular Biology, University of Aarhus, Denmark.
authors.forename: David Christian
authors.initials: DC
authors.lastname: Kraft
authors.forename: Custer C
authors.initials: CC
authors.lastname: Deocaris
authors.forename: Renu
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Wadhwa
authors.forename: Suresh I S
authors.initials: SI
authors.lastname: Rattan
mesh_terms: D002478:Cells, Cultured; D016922:Cellular Senescence / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D004305:Dose-Response Relationship, Drug; D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology*; D017930:Genes, Reporter; D006801:Humans; D007976:Leupeptins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D008156:Luciferases / Q000378:metabolism; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / Q000187:drug effects* / Q000502:physiology; D061988:Proteasome Inhibitors
chemical_list: D004791:Enzyme Inhibitors; D007976:Leupeptins; D051267:NF-E2-Related Factor 2; D061988:Proteasome Inhibitors; D008156:Luciferases; C072553:benzyloxycarbonylleucyl-leucyl-leucine aldehyde