title: Structural identification of methyl protodioscin metabolites in rats' urine and their antiproliferative activities against human tumor cell lines.
abstract: Methyl protodioscin (MPD), a furostanol saponin, is a preclinical drug shown potent antiproliferative activities against most cell lines from leukemia and solid tumors. The metabolites of MPD in rats' urine after single oral doses of 80 mg/kg were investigated in this research. Ten metabolites were isolated and purified by liquid-liquid extraction, open-column chromatography, medium-pressure liquid chromatography, and preparative high-performance liquid chromatography. The structural identification of the metabolites was carried out by high resolution mass spectra, NMR spectroscopic methods including (1)H NMR, (13)C NMR and 2D NMR, as well as chemical ways. The 10 metabolites were elucidated to be dioscin (M-1), pregna-5,16-dien-3beta-ol-20-one-O-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-[alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->4)]-beta-d-glucopyranoside (M-2), diosgenin (M-3), protobioside (M-4), methyl protobioside (M-5), 26-O-beta-d-glucopyrannosyl(25R)-furan-5-ene-3beta, 22alpha, 26-trihydroxy-3-O-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-d-glucopyranoside(M-6),26-O-beta-d-glucopyranosyl(25R)-furan-5-ene-3beta,26-dihydroxy-22-methoxy-3-O-alpha-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->4)-beta-d-glucopyranoside (M-7), prosapogenin A of dioscin (M-8), prosapogenin B of dioscin (M-9), and diosgenin-3-O-beta-d-glucopyranoside (M-10), respectively. M-1 was the main urinary metabolite of MPD in rats. Some metabolites showed potent antiproliferative activities against HepG2, NCI-H460, MCF-7 and HeLa cell lines in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine & Natural Products, Jinan University, Guangzhou, China. xh35@cornell.edu
authors.forename: Xiangjiu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: He
authors.forename: Aimin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Qiao
authors.forename: Xinluan
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Bo
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Liu
authors.forename: Miaomiao
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Lina
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Su
authors.forename: Xinsheng
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yao
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D049109:Cell Proliferation / Q000187:drug effects; D004144:Diosgenin / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000652:urine; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000473:pathology*; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D012503:Saponins / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000652:urine*
chemical_list: D012503:Saponins; C425324:methyl protodioscin; D004144:Diosgenin