title: 3D fluoroscopy with real-time 3D non-cartesian phased-array contrast-enhanced MRA.
abstract: For optimized CE-MRA of the chest and abdomen, the scan time and breath-hold must be coordinated with the arrival of contrast. A 3D fluoroscopy system is demonstrated that performs real-time 3D projection reconstruction acquisition, reconstruction, and visualization using only the standard scanner hardware and operator console workstation. Unlike 2D fluorotriggering techniques, no specification of a monitoring slab or careful placement of the imaging volume is required. 3DPR data are acquired continuously throughout the examination using an eight-channel receiver and 1 s interleaved subframes. The data are reconstructed using 1 s segments for real-time monitoring with 0.8-cm isotropic spatial resolution over the entire torso, allowing full-volume axial, coronal, and sagittal MIPs to be displayed simultaneously with minimal latency. The system later uses the same scan data to generate high-spatial-resolution time-resolved sequences of the breath-hold interval. The 3D fluoroscopy system was validated on phantoms and human volunteers.
authors.affiliation: Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin 53792-3252, USA. brodskye@cae.wisc.edu
authors.forename: Ethan
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Brodsky
authors.forename: David
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Isaacs
authors.forename: Thomas M
authors.initials: TM
authors.lastname: Grist
authors.forename: Walter F
authors.initials: WF
authors.lastname: Block
mesh_terms: D016477:Artifacts; D003287:Contrast Media / Q000493:pharmacokinetics; D005471:Fluoroscopy; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA / Q000493:pharmacokinetics*; D006801:Humans; D021621:Imaging, Three-Dimensional; D007668:Kidney / Q000098:blood supply* / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging; D018810:Magnetic Resonance Angiography / Q000379:methods*; D019047:Phantoms, Imaging
chemical_list: D003287:Contrast Media; C064925:gadodiamide; D019786:Gadolinium DTPA