title: Middle and posterior fossa aspergilloma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Aspergilloma of the brain is a rare disease. Among its varied presentations, a solitary intracranial mass is very uncommon. A preoperative diagnosis of it is very difficult, but a perioperative squash smear/frozen section can identify the pathology. Because of its rarity in immunocompetent patients and the difficulty in preoperative diagnosis, we have illustrated this case and its presentation and management.
  
  
  METHODS
  A 27-year-old man presented with an h/o right-sided weakness along with headache and ear discharge. A computed tomographic (CT) scan showed a large irregular, space-occupying lesion in the middle and posterior cranial fossa. He had a mastoidectomy done 3 years before for chronic suppurative otitis media. After a symptom-free interval of 1 year, he was investigated for severe earache on the same side. A CT scan at that time showed a space occupying mass in the right temporal bone and right inferior temporal lobe. A biopsy and histopathology of the lesion revealed a chronic granulomatous mass. He was started on antituberculous drugs and was on it for 7 months at the time of presentation.
  
  
  RESULTS
  He underwent a suboccipital craniectomy and total excision of the mass. Postoperatively, his consciousness improved but began to deteriorate on the third postoperative day. A repeat CT scan showed hydrocephalus and total removal of the mass. An external ventricular drain was put and he was ventilated, but he died on the fourth postoperative day. Histopathology report came as aspergilloma.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This report highlights the rare presentation of aspergilloma in an immunocompetent patient. It emphasizes the importance of suspecting this disease in such patients and the role of intraoperative squash smear preparations or frozen section in the diagnosis as routine diagnostic procedures that will help in early pharmacotherapeutic interventions in adjunct to surgery.
authors.affiliation: Department of Neurosurgery, Medical College Hospital, Thrissur, Kerala 680001, India.
authors.forename: Jacob P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Alapatt
authors.forename: Raja K
authors.initials: RK
authors.lastname: Kutty
authors.forename: Priya P
authors.initials: PP
authors.lastname: Gopi
authors.forename: Joseph
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Challissery
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000995:Antitubercular Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use; D001232:Aspergillus fumigatus / Q000502:physiology; D001922:Brain Abscess / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000382:microbiology / Q000628:therapy; D020314:Central Nervous System Fungal Infections / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D035301:Cranial Fossa, Middle / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003388:Cranial Fossa, Posterior / Q000000981:diagnostic imaging / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D003937:Diagnosis, Differential; D003951:Diagnostic Errors / Q000517:prevention & control; D042241:Early Diagnosis; D017809:Fatal Outcome; D006261:Headache / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D006801:Humans; D006849:Hydrocephalus / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D007194:India; D008297:Male; D020953:Neuroaspergillosis / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000503:physiopathology / Q000628:therapy; D019635:Neurosurgical Procedures; D010033:Otitis Media / Q000150:complications / Q000382:microbiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D011183:Postoperative Complications / Q000209:etiology / Q000503:physiopathology; D013701:Temporal Bone / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology / Q000601:surgery; D013702:Temporal Lobe / Q000382:microbiology / Q000473:pathology* / Q000503:physiopathology; D014057:Tomography, X-Ray Computed; D014375:Tuberculoma / Q000175:diagnosis
chemical_list: D000995:Antitubercular Agents