title: A 3D structural and conformational study of procyanidin dimers in water and hydro-alcoholic media as viewed by NMR and molecular modeling.
abstract: The three-dimensional structures of 5 procyanidin dimers have been determined in a hydro-alcoholic medium and in water using 2D NMR and molecular mechanics. They are made from monomers of catechin (CAT) and epicatechin (EPI)-B1: EPI-CAT, B2: EPI-EPI, B3: CAT-CAT, B4: CAT-EPI and B2g: EPI-EPI-3-O-gallate. These tannins exist in two conformations that are in slow exchange in the NMR timescale (s), one is compact and the other extended. The compact form is found to dominate (76-98%) when the dimer is made of at least one CAT monomer (B1, B3, B4). Both forms are found in even proportions only in the case of procyanidin B2. The latter tannin can be converted into a dominant compact form when the lower EPI unit is galloylated. The finding of a predominant compact form for procyanidin dimers is discussed in relation with tannin-saliva protein interactions that are of importance for the wine-tasting/making processes.
authors.affiliation: Laboratoire de Chimie Organique et Organométallique, UMR 5802-CESAMO, Université Bordeaux 1, 351 cours de la Libération, 33405 Talence, France.
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Tarascou
authors.forename: Karine
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Barathieu
authors.forename: Cécile
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Simon
authors.forename: Marie-Agnès
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Ducasse
authors.forename: Yann
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: André
authors.forename: Eric
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Fouquet
authors.forename: Erick J
authors.initials: EJ
authors.lastname: Dufourc
authors.forename: Victor
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: de Freitas
authors.forename: Michel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Laguerre
authors.forename: Isabelle
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Pianet
mesh_terms: D000438:Alcohols / Q000737:chemistry; D044946:Biflavonoids / Q000737:chemistry*; D002392:Catechin / Q000737:chemistry*; D019281:Dimerization; D009682:Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy; D008958:Models, Molecular; D008968:Molecular Conformation; D044945:Proanthocyanidins / Q000737:chemistry*; D013634:Tannins / Q000737:chemistry*; D014867:Water / Q000737:chemistry
chemical_list: D000438:Alcohols; D044946:Biflavonoids; D044945:Proanthocyanidins; D013634:Tannins; D014867:Water; C017674:procyanidin; D002392:Catechin