title: Radical cystectomy with ileal conduit diversion: early prospective evaluation of the impact of robotic assistance.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To compare the performance of radical cystectomy with ileal conduit diversion by standard methods with that using the assistance of the daVinci robotic system (Intuitive Surgical, Sunnyvale, CA, USA).
  
  
  METHODS
  From November 2003 to August 2005, we performed 30 radical cystectomies with ileal conduit urinary diversions on patients with bladder cancer. Seven patients (one woman) had a cystectomy with the daVinci system and 23 (nine women) had a standard cystectomy. Data were collected prospectively, including estimated blood loss (EBL), transfusion requirement, operative duration, hospital stay and body mass index (BMI), and compared.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean EBL and transfusion requirements for standard and daVinci-assisted cases was 1109 and 479 mL (P = 0.002) and 2.7 and 1.6 units (P = 0.14), respectively. Four of seven patients received a transfusion in the robotic group, and 20 of 23 in the standard group (P = 0.084). The mean operative duration was 638 and 507 min (P = 0.005) for the daVinci and standard group, respectively, with respective mean hospital stays of 11 and 13 days (P = 0.52). There was no difference in patient BMI between the groups (P = 0.22).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The daVinci-assisted cystectomy appears to offer some advantages over standard cystectomy. Larger randomized studies are needed to confirm these findings.
authors.affiliation: Department of Urology, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 22908, USA.
authors.forename: Jonathan J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Rhee
authors.forename: Sam
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Lebeau
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Smolkin
authors.forename: Dan
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Theodorescu
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D016063:Blood Loss, Surgical / Q000517:prevention & control; D001803:Blood Transfusion / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D002295:Carcinoma, Transitional Cell / Q000601:surgery*; D015653:Cystectomy / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007902:Length of Stay; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012371:Robotics; D016896:Treatment Outcome; D001749:Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / Q000601:surgery*; D014547:Urinary Diversion / Q000295:instrumentation* / Q000379:methods; D016476:Urinary Reservoirs, Continent