title: Photodynamic therapy using a methyl ester of 5-aminolevulinic acid in recurrent Paget's disease of the vulva: a pilot study.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In the past, treating vulvar Paget's disease through surgery has resulted in a high recurrence rate of the disease. Photodynamic therapy (PDT) using 5-aminolevulinic acid (5 ALA) is an effective treatment for some conditions such as Bowen's disease, subsets of basal cell carcinomas and vulvar carcinoma. Methyl 5-aminolevulinate (MAL) is an ester of 5 ALA that seems to be more effective and produces fewer side effects than 5 ALA. This paper outlines a pilot study designed to test the feasibility of using MAL-PDT in the treatment of recurrent vulvar Paget's disease.
  
  
  METHODS
  5 MAL-PDT was applied for 3 h and than irradiated with red-light (620 nm) using a total light dose of 37 J/cm2 for a period of 10 min. Patients taking part in the study were treated once every 3 weeks, for a total of three treatments. Vulvar biopsies were obtained before and 1 month after the PDT-treatment.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Seven patients were enrolled in the study. Four cases had a complete clinical response, and this was pathologically confirmed in two of the cases. The cosmetic outcome was acceptable and the treatment was well tolerated. All the patients developed local edema and mild local pain, controlled with non-steroidal antiinflammatory drugs (NSAIDS). One patient experienced severe pain and a mild local phototoxicity reaction.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  MAL-PDT is a feasible treatment and seems to offer a reliable strategy in the control of vulvar Paget's disease and of its symptoms.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Gynecologic Oncology Unit, Istituto Nazionale Tumori, Via Venezian 1, Milan, Italy.
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Raspagliesi
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Fontanelli
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Rossi
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Ditto
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Solima
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Hanozet
authors.forename: S
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Kusamura
mesh_terms: D000368:Aged; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid / Q000031:analogs & derivatives* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008875:Middle Aged; D009364:Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010145:Paget Disease, Extramammary / Q000188:drug therapy*; D010778:Photochemotherapy / Q000379:methods*; D017319:Photosensitizing Agents / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D010865:Pilot Projects; D014846:Vulvar Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy*
chemical_list: D017319:Photosensitizing Agents; C114767:delta-aminolevulinic acid methyl ester; D000622:Aminolevulinic Acid