[The role of physiology in modern surgery].
Through the analysis of recent achievements in the field of surgery we have demonstrated convincingly that physiological studies in both humans and animal models are the keystone of modern surgery. Physiological studies of blood circulation, respiration, digestion and other functions have laid the foundations for major fields of surgery. Their role is the most evident in the development of cardiac surgery. Notably, one of the outstanding breakthroughs in the medical science of the 20th century--the extracorporeal blood circulation--was made by the Russian physiologist S. S. Bryukhovenko. We have shown that noninvasive diagnostic procedures such as echocardiography are of outmost significance on all stages of the surgical treatment (pre- and intraoperational diagnostics and medical rehabilitation). The great impact of physiology on the development of surgery has also led to the progress of related fields of medicine--anesthesiology, intensive care, functional diagnostics, transplantation, rehabilitation, and many others.
D000818:Animals; D006348:Cardiac Surgical Procedures / Q000266:history / Q000639:trends; D006321:Heart / Q000502:physiology*; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049674:History, 21st Century; D006801:Humans; D010827:Physiology / Q000266:history / Q000639:trends; D013903:Thoracic Surgery / Q000266:history / Q000639:trends