title: Effect of harness application and postural changes on cardiovascular parameters of individuals with spinal cord injury.
abstract: METHODS
  Prospective assessment of cardiovascular parameters in individuals with spinal cord injury (SCI) in response to harness application and postural changes including orthostatic stress.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate arterial blood pressure and heart rate (HR) with and without harness application during sitting, supine, and standing positions in able-bodied and SCI individuals.
  
  
  METHODS
  Measurements were obtained in all SCI research participants (n=11) before a locomotor training intervention and compared to data with able-bodied individuals (n=9). During standing, all research participants wore a harness and were suspended by an overhead, pneumatic body weight support system.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Resting arterial blood pressure and HR in individuals with cervical SCI were significantly lower during sitting than in thoracic SCI and able-bodied individuals (P<0.05). Orthostatic stress significantly decreased arterial blood pressure only in individuals with cervical SCI (P<0.05). Harness application had no effect on cardiovascular parameters in able-bodied individuals, whereas diastolic blood pressure was significantly increased in those with SCI. Orthostatic changes in cervical SCI when sitting were ameliorated by harness application. However, while standing with harness, individuals with cervical SCI still developed orthostatic hypotension.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Level of injury to the spinal cord influences baseline cardiovascular parameters. Application of harness in individuals with SCI could alter baseline cardiovascular parameters and the response to orthostatic stress. This should be carefully considered when assessing effects of therapeutic interventions using body weight support in individuals with SCI.
authors.affiliation: International Collaboration on Repair Discoveries (ICORD), Division of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada.
authors.forename: A V
authors.initials: AV
authors.lastname: Krassioukov
authors.forename: S J
authors.initials: SJ
authors.lastname: Harkema
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000704:Analysis of Variance; D001794:Blood Pressure / Q000502:physiology*; D005260:Female; D006339:Heart Rate / Q000502:physiology*; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D026741:Physical Therapy Modalities; D011187:Posture / Q000502:physiology*; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013119:Spinal Cord Injuries / Q000503:physiopathology* / Q000534:rehabilitation*; D016896:Treatment Outcome