title: The kallikrein world: an update on the human tissue kallikreins.
abstract: Human tissue kallikreins (hKs) are attracting increased attention owing to their association with various forms of cancer and other diseases. Human tissue kallikrein genes represent the largest contiguous group of proteases within the human genome. There are many areas of kallikrein research that need to be further explored, including their tissue expression patterns, their regulation, identification of specific substrates, their participation in proteolytic cascades, and their clinical applicability as cancer biomarkers and therapeutic targets. In this review, we briefly describe the current status of kallikrein research and identify future avenues that will enhance our understanding of their function and involvement in human diseases.
authors.affiliation: Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Mount Sinai Hospital, and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathobiology, University of Toronto, Toronto M5G 1L5, ON, Canada.
authors.forename: Miltiadis
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Paliouras
authors.forename: Eleftherios P
authors.initials: EP
authors.lastname: Diamandis
mesh_terms: D005786:Gene Expression Regulation; D006728:Hormones / Q000502:physiology; D006801:Humans; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000209:etiology; D015398:Signal Transduction; D020840:Tissue Kallikreins / Q000032:analysis / Q000235:genetics* / Q000502:physiology
chemical_list: D006728:Hormones; D020840:Tissue Kallikreins