title: Reference values for exhaled nitric oxide (reveno) study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite the widespread use of fractional exhaled nitric oxide (FENO) as a biomarker of airways inflammation, there are no published papers describing normal FENO values in a large group of healthy adults.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  The aim of this study was to establish adult FENO reference values according to the international guidelines.
  
  
  METHODS
  FENO was measured in 204 healthy, non-smoking adults with normal spirometry values using the on-line single-breath technique, and the results were analysed chemiluminescently.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The main result of the study was the significant difference in FENO values between men and women, thus indicating that gender-based reference FENO values are necessary. The FENO levels obtained at expiratory flows of 50 ml/s ranged from 2.6 to 28.8 ppb in men, and from 1.6 to 21.5 ppb in women.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  We propose reference FENO values for healthy adult men and women that could be used for clinical and research purposes.
authors.affiliation: Department of Medicine and Public Health, University of Verona, Italy. mario.olivieri@univr.it
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Olivieri
authors.forename: Giorgio
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Talamini
authors.forename: Massimo
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Corradi
authors.forename: Luigi
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Perbellini
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Mutti
authors.forename: Claudio
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Tantucci
authors.forename: Mario
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Malerba
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D001944:Breath Tests / Q000379:methods; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007558:Italy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000032:analysis*; D017410:Practice Guidelines as Topic; D012016:Reference Values; D015203:Reproducibility of Results; D012737:Sex Factors; D013147:Spirometry
chemical_list: D009569:Nitric Oxide