title: Does long-term GH replacement therapy in hypopituitary adults with GH deficiency normalise quality of life?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine whether impaired quality of life (QoL) in adults with GH deficiency (GHD) is reversible with long-term GH therapy and whether the responses in QoL dimensions differ from each other.
  
  
  METHODS
  QoL was measured by the Quality of Life-Assessment for Growth Hormone Deficiency in Adults (QoL-AGHDA) in general population samples in England & Wales, The Netherlands, Spain and Sweden (n = 892, 1038, 868 and 1682 respectively) and compared with corresponding patients' data from KIMS (Pfizer International Metabolic Database) (n = 758, 247, 197 and 484 respectively) for 4-6 years a follow-up. The subsets of patients from England and Wales, and Sweden with longitudinal data for 5 years' follow-up were also analysed. The change of the total QoL-AGHDA scores and responses within dimensions were evaluated. Subanalyses were performed to identify any specificity in response pattern for gender, age, disease-onset and aetiology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Irrespective of the degree of impairment, overall QoL improved dramatically in the first 12 months, with steady progress thereafter towards the country-specific population mean. Problems with memory and tiredness were the most serious burden for untreated patients, followed by tenseness, self-confidence and problems with socialising. With treatment, these improved in the reverse order, normalising for the latter three.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Long-term GH replacement results in sustained improvements towards the normative country-specific values in overall QoL and in most impaired dimensions. The lasting improvement and almost identical pattern of response in each patient subgroup and independent of the level of QoL impairment support the hypothesis that GHD may cause these patients' psychological problems.
authors.affiliation: KIGS/KIMS/ACROSTUDY Medical Outcomes, Endocrine Care, Pfizer, Sollentuna, Sweden. maria.koltowska-haggstrom@pfizer.com
authors.forename: Maria
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Koltowska-Häggström
authors.forename: Anders F
authors.initials: AF
authors.lastname: Mattsson
authors.forename: John P
authors.initials: JP
authors.lastname: Monson
authors.forename: Paul
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Kind
authors.forename: Xavier
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Badia
authors.forename: Felipe F
authors.initials: FF
authors.lastname: Casanueva
authors.forename: Jan
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Busschbach
authors.forename: Hans P F
authors.initials: HP
authors.lastname: Koppeschaar
authors.forename: Gudmundur
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Johannsson
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D017668:Age of Onset; D000368:Aged; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D016208:Databases, Factual; D005260:Female; D005843:Geography; D013006:Growth Hormone / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D019382:Human Growth Hormone / Q000172:deficiency*; D006801:Humans; D007018:Hypopituitarism / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000523:psychology*; D008134:Long-Term Care; D008137:Longitudinal Studies; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009426:Netherlands; D011788:Quality of Life; D013030:Spain; D013548:Sweden; D006113:United Kingdom
chemical_list: D019382:Human Growth Hormone; D013006:Growth Hormone