Bone morphogenetic protein-4 control of pituitary pathophysiology.
Bone morphogenetic protein-4 (BMP-4), a member of the transforming growth factor-Beta(TGF-Beta) family, is overexpressed in different prolactinoma models and induces the development of these lineage adenomas. SMAD proteins activated by growth factors of the TGF-Beta and BMP family interact with estrogen receptors to stimulate the proliferation of prolactin and growth hormone-secreting cells. Furthermore, BMP-4 presents differential expression in normal and adenomatous corticotropes and inhibitory action on corticotropinoma cell proliferation. Moreover, BMP-4 mediates the antiproliferative action of retinoic acid in these cells. The present review highlights not only the crucial and opposite role of BMP-4 in the progression of pituitary adenomas but also that BMP-4 and retinoic acid interaction might serve as a potential new mechanism target for therapeutic approaches for Cushing disease.
Giacomini
Damiana
D
Laboratorio de Fisiología y Biología Molecular, Departamento de Fisiología, Biología Molecular y Celular, FCEN, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
Páez-Pereda
Marcelo
M
Theodoropoulou
Marily
M
Gerez
Juan
J
Nagashima
Alberto Carbia
AC
Chervin
Alberto
A
Berner
Silvia
S
Labeur
Marta
M
Refojo
Damian
D
Renner
Ulrich
U
Stalla
Günter K
GK
Arzt
Eduardo
E
D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins / Q000378:metabolism / Q000502:physiology*; D015870:Gene Expression; D006801:Humans; D008954:Models, Biological; D009474:Neurons / Q000378:metabolism; D010900:Pituitary Diseases / Q000209:etiology*; D010902:Pituitary Gland / Q000166:cytology / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000378:metabolism; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta / Q000502:physiology; D014212:Tretinoin / Q000494:pharmacology
C525809:BMP4 protein, human; D055415:Bone Morphogenetic Protein 4; D019485:Bone Morphogenetic Proteins; D018125:Receptors, Transforming Growth Factor beta; D016212:Transforming Growth Factor beta; D014212:Tretinoin; D000324:Adrenocorticotropic Hormone