title: [The development of urine diagnostics and its visualisation in "frames"].
abstract: The development of urine diagnostics has been well examined historiographically. However, its importance for science studies has not yet been stressed enough. As a diagnostic tool, that survived many centuries, it underwent several changes. Therefore, its use for science studies is exemplarily displayed in this paper. An attempt is made by the authors to combine questions of the history of science with methods from the cognitive sciences. The reader is introduced into an interdisciplinary approach aiming at the visualisation of scientific shifts to make a deeper analyse of such shifts possible. Lawrence Barsalou proposed a dynamic frame model to represent cognitive structures. This model is used to reconstruct scientific revolutions (in the sense of Thomas Kuhn) as well as barely noticeable shifts (in the sense of Ludwik Fleck's shifting thought styles). The value of this approach for the history of medicine in general and the history of uroscopy in special is discussed.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Geschichte der Medizin, Heinrich-Heine Universität, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225, Düsseldorf. michael-martin@uni-duesseldorf.de
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Martin
authors.forename: H
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Fangerau
mesh_terms: D004724:Endoscopy / Q000266:history*; D049668:History, 15th Century; D049669:History, 16th Century; D049670:History, 17th Century; D049671:History, 18th Century; D049672:History, 19th Century; D049673:History, 20th Century; D049690:History, Ancient; D006801:Humans; D010686:Philosophy, Medical / Q000266:history*; D014556:Urine; D014570:Urologic Diseases / Q000266:history*; D014572:Urology / Q000266:history*