title: Transporter regulator RS1 (RSC1A1) coats the trans-Golgi network and migrates into the nucleus.
abstract: The product of gene RSC1A1, named RS1, is involved in transcriptional and posttranscriptional regulation of sodium-d-glucose cotransporter SGLT1, and removal of RS1 in mice led to an increase of SGLT1 expression in small intestine and to obesity (Osswald C, Baumgarten K, Stümpel F, Gorboulev V, Akimjanova M, Knobeloch K-P, Horak I, Kluge R, Joost H-G, and Koepsell H. Mol Cell Biol 25: 78-87, 2005). Previous data showed that RS1 inhibits transcription of SGLT1 in LLC-PK1 cells derived from porcine kidney. A decrease of the intracellular amount of RS1 protein was observed during cell confluence, which was paralleled by transcriptional upregulation of SGLT1. In the present study, the subcellular distributions of endogenously expressed RS1 and SGLT1 were compared in LLC-PK1 cells and human embryonic kidney (HEK)-293 cells using immunofluorescence microscopy. RS1 was located at the plasma membrane, at the entire trans-Golgi network (TGN), and within the nucleus. Treatment of LLC-PK1 cells with brefeldin A induced rapid release of RS1 from the TGN, and confluence of LLC-PK1 cells was accompanied by reduction of nuclear location of RS1; 84-90% of subconfluent cells and 5-34% of confluent cells contained RS1 in the nuclei. This suggests that confluence-dependent transcriptional inhibition by RS1 is partially regulated by nuclear migration. Furthermore, we assigned SGLT1 to microtubule-associated tubulovesicular structures and dynamin-containing parts of the TGN. The data indicate that RS1 inhibits the dynamin-dependent release of SGLT1-containing vesicles from the TGN.
authors.affiliation: Institut für Anatomie und Zellbiologie der Universität Würzburg, Koellikerstr. 6 97070 Würzburg, Germany.
authors.forename: Matthias
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Kroiss
authors.forename: Marina
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Leyerer
authors.forename: Valentin
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gorboulev
authors.forename: Thomas
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Kühlkamp
authors.forename: Helmut
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Kipp
authors.forename: Hermann
authors.initials: H
authors.lastname: Koepsell
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D020126:Brefeldin A / Q000494:pharmacology; D002467:Cell Nucleus / Q000378:metabolism*; D002966:Clathrin / Q000378:metabolism; D034285:Dynamin II / Q000378:metabolism; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D007668:Kidney / Q000166:cytology; D018374:LLC-PK1 Cells; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology; D021381:Protein Transport / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D051269:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1 / Q000378:metabolism; D013045:Species Specificity; D013552:Swine; D014162:Transfection; D021601:trans-Golgi Network / Q000378:metabolism*
chemical_list: D002966:Clathrin; D009004:Monosaccharide Transport Proteins; D011500:Protein Synthesis Inhibitors; C101014:RSC1A1 protein, human; C495674:SLC5A1 protein, human; D051269:Sodium-Glucose Transporter 1; D049452:Green Fluorescent Proteins; D020126:Brefeldin A; D034285:Dynamin II