title: Differentiation of human amniotic membrane cells into osteoblasts in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  Pluripotent stem cells may be exist in the human amniotic membrane (HAM). The present article was aimed at establishing HAM cell lines and investigating their differentiation into osteoblasts in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  HAM cell lineswere established using routine cell culture techniques and expanded in vitro.
  
  
  RESULTS
  HAM cells were propagated from 45 out of 50 specimens (90%) and all were maintained normal karyotypes in vitro. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and alizarin red S stain were positive for 12 out of 22 HAM cell lines (54.5%). The 22 HAM cell lines were selectedat random.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  This study demonstrates that this isolation method II was more effective for establishing cell lines which differentiate into osteoblast rather than method I.
authors.affiliation: Instute of Cell Biology, Ishiwata Hospital, Ibaraki, Japan.
authors.forename: Tomoharu
authors.initials: T
authors.lastname: Tamagawa
authors.forename: Isamu
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: Ishiwata
authors.forename: Yukio
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Nakamura
mesh_terms: D000650:Amnion / Q000166:cytology*; D018929:Cell Culture Techniques; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D002460:Cell Line; D002469:Cell Separation / Q000379:methods; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007621:Karyotyping; D039902:Multipotent Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology*; D010006:Osteoblasts / Q000166:cytology*; D011247:Pregnancy