title: Laparoscopic versus open splenectomy for massive splenomegaly: a comparative study.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Despite the benefits of the laparoscopic approach to splenectomy, its application in patients with massive splenomegaly (splenic weight >or= 1000 g) remains controversial. In this study we evaluated the safety and feasibility of laparoscopic splenectomy for massive splenomegaly compared with open splenectomy.
  
  
  METHODS
  One surgeon applied the laparoscopic approach to splenectomy to all comers with massive splenomegaly, while other surgeons carried out the surgery through a laparotomy. The outcomes of the two approaches were compared on an intention-to-treat basis. Results of continuous variables are shown as medians.
  
  
  RESULTS
  Fifteen patients underwent laparoscopic splenectomy between 2000 and 2005, and 13 underwent open splenectomy between 1996 and 2003. The two groups were comparable for age, sex, American Society of Anesthesiologists score, and splenic weight (1.3 vs. 1.1 kg). There was one conversion (6.6%) to open surgery. Although laparoscopic splenectomy was associated with significantly longer operating time (175 vs. 90 minutes, P < 0.001), it carried lower postoperative morbidity and mortality (13.3 vs. 30.8% and 0 vs. 7.7%, respectively). Laparoscopic splenectomy was associated with significantly lower total dose (29 vs. 264 mg morphine-equivalent, P < 0.0001) and duration of opiate usage (1 vs. 4 days, P < 0.0001); duration of parenteral hydration (24 vs. 96 hours, P = 0.006) and more rapid resumption of oral diet (24 vs. 72 hours, P = 0.017); and a shorter postoperative hospital stay (3 vs. 10 days, P < 0.0001).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The laparoscopic approach to splenectomy for massive splenomegaly is feasible and safe. Despite a longer operating time, the postoperative recovery following laparoscopic splenectomy is smoother, with lower morbidity and shorter postoperative hospital stay compared with open splenectomy.
authors.affiliation: Department of Surgery, Manchester Royal Infirmary, Manchester, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Anas
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Owera
authors.forename: Ayman M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Hamade
authors.forename: Omaya I
authors.initials: OI
authors.lastname: Bani Hani
authors.forename: Basil J
authors.initials: BJ
authors.lastname: Ammori
mesh_terms: D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D005240:Feasibility Studies; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D010535:Laparoscopy; D007902:Length of Stay / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D011183:Postoperative Complications; D011446:Prospective Studies; D013156:Splenectomy / Q000379:methods*; D013163:Splenomegaly / Q000601:surgery*; D018709:Statistics, Nonparametric; D016896:Treatment Outcome