title: Zirconia-coated graphite adsorption bar micro-extraction combined with ETV-ICP-MS for the determination of trace amounts of Cd, Hg and Pb in environmental and biological samples.
abstract: In this work, a new and simple micro-extraction method termed graphite adsorption bar micro-extraction was developed, for the first time, for electrothermal vaporization inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ETV-ICP-MS) determination of trace Cd, Hg and Pb. In this method, the graphite bar was first coated with zirconia and then inserted into the sample solution for extraction. The graphite bar enriched with the analytes was inserted directly into a graphite tube, and subsequently analyzed by ETV-ICP-MS according to an established temperature program. The experimental parameters, which had influence on the extraction and vaporization, were systematically investigated and the optimal experimental conditions were established. Under the optimized conditions, the detection limits of the method were 0.05, 0.42 and 0.06 pg/ml for Cd, Hg and Pb and the relative standard deviations (RSDs) for 11 replicates at the 0.1 ng/ml level were 7.4, 8.2 and 7.7%, respectively. The proposed method was successfully applied to the determination of trace Cd, Hg and Pb in environmental and biological samples. The results of the experiments indicate that the method has a high enrichment factor and sample utilization efficiency. Furthermore, the method is fast and environment-friendly.
authors.affiliation: Department of Chemistry, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430072, China.
authors.forename: Xuli
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Pu
authors.forename: Zucheng
authors.initials: Z
authors.lastname: Jiang
authors.forename: Bin
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Hu
mesh_terms: D000327:Adsorption; D002104:Cadmium / Q000032:analysis*; D002138:Calibration; D004777:Environment; D006108:Graphite; D007854:Lead / Q000032:analysis*; D013058:Mass Spectrometry / Q000379:methods; D008628:Mercury / Q000032:analysis*; D014835:Volatilization; D015040:Zirconium
chemical_list: D002104:Cadmium; D007854:Lead; D006108:Graphite; D015040:Zirconium; D008628:Mercury; C028541:zirconium oxide