title: Characterization of Toxoplasma gondii from domestic animals from Minas Gerais, Brazil.
abstract: In an attempt to isolate and characterize Toxoplasma gondii from the State of Minas Gerais, Brazil, musculature samples from 72 pigs, 25 dogs, 28 free-range chickens and 50 chickens produced in industrialized farms were collected. Antibodies to T. gondii have not been detected in pigs, but were found in nine (40.9 %) out of 22 dogs, and in 15 (53.6 %) of 28 free range chickens. T. gondii was not isolated from pigs and industrialized chickens, but from eight dogs and 11 free range chickens. In order to determine T. gondii virulence, female BALB/c mice were inoculated with 10(3), 10(2), 10(1) and 10(0) tachyzoites of the 19 isolates. The strains RH (virulent) and ME49 (non-virulent) were used as references. Isolates were divided into three groups according to the virulence phenotype: five isolates were classified into virulent in mice, one into non-virulent and 13 into intermediate virulent. Nested-PCR of T. gondii SAG2 locus amplified DNA from 21 out of 22 DNA samples directly extracted from heart of free range chickens. These samples were genotyped through a PCR-RFLP assay. Seventeen (80.9 %) were classified into type I; one (4.8 %) into type III and three (14.3 %) into type I or II.
authors.affiliation: Departamento de Parasitologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas, Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, MG, Brazil.
authors.forename: G P
authors.initials: GP
authors.lastname: Brandão
authors.forename: A M
authors.initials: AM
authors.lastname: Ferreira
authors.forename: M N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Melo
authors.forename: R W A
authors.initials: RW
authors.lastname: Vitor
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan / Q000097:blood; D001681:Biological Assay; D001938:Brazil / Q000453:epidemiology; D002645:Chickens / Q000469:parasitology*; D016054:DNA, Protozoan / Q000032:analysis; D004283:Dog Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D004285:Dogs; D005260:Female; D005838:Genotype; D008297:Male; D051379:Mice; D008807:Mice, Inbred BALB C; D018482:Muscle, Skeletal / Q000469:parasitology; D016133:Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000662:veterinary; D012150:Polymorphism, Restriction Fragment Length; D011201:Poultry Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D015995:Prevalence; D013552:Swine; D013553:Swine Diseases / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D014122:Toxoplasma / Q000235:genetics / Q000276:immunology / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000472:pathogenicity; D014124:Toxoplasmosis, Animal / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000469:parasitology*; D014774:Virulence
chemical_list: D000913:Antibodies, Protozoan; D016054:DNA, Protozoan