title: The malonyl transferase activity of type II polyketide synthase acyl carrier proteins.
abstract: Acyl carrier proteins (ACPs) play a fundamental role in directing intermediates among the enzyme active sites of fatty acid and polyketide synthases (PKSs). In this paper, we demonstrate that the Streptomyces coelicolor (S. coelicolor) actinorhodin (act) PKS ACP can catalyze transfer of malonate to type II S. coelicolor fatty acid synthase (FAS) and other PKS ACPs in vitro. The reciprocal transfer from S. coelicolor FAS ACP to a PKS ACP was not observed. Several mutations in both act ACP and S. coelicolor FAS ACP could be classified by their participation in either donation or acceptance of this malonyl group. These mutations indicated that self-malonylation and malonyl transfer could be completely decoupled, implying that they were separate processes and that a FAS ACP could be converted from a non-malonyl-transferring protein to one with malonyl transferase activity.
authors.affiliation: School of Chemistry, University of Bristol, Cantock's Close, Bristol BS8 1TS, United Kingdom.
authors.forename: Christopher J
authors.initials: CJ
authors.lastname: Arthur
authors.forename: Anna E
authors.initials: AE
authors.lastname: Szafranska
authors.forename: Jed
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Long
authors.forename: Jane
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mills
authors.forename: Russell J
authors.initials: RJ
authors.lastname: Cox
authors.forename: Stuart C
authors.initials: SC
authors.lastname: Findlow
authors.forename: Thomas J
authors.initials: TJ
authors.lastname: Simpson
authors.forename: Matthew P
authors.initials: MP
authors.lastname: Crump
authors.forename: John
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Crosby
mesh_terms: D000213:Acyl Carrier Protein / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000217:Acyltransferases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D003545:Cysteine / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases / Q000378:metabolism; D020035:Holoenzymes / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D008958:Models, Molecular; D009154:Mutation / Q000235:genetics; D048630:Polyketide Synthases / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D048372:Streptomyces coelicolor / Q000201:enzymology / Q000235:genetics
chemical_list: D000213:Acyl Carrier Protein; D020035:Holoenzymes; D048630:Polyketide Synthases; D000217:Acyltransferases; D064429:Fatty Acid Synthases; D003545:Cysteine