title: Extraction and partial characterization of polyphenol oxidase from banana (Musa acuminata Grande naine) roots.
abstract: Polyphenol oxidase activity (PPO, EC 1.14.18.1, monophenol monooxygenase, and EC 1.10.3.2, o-diphenoloxidase) has been extensively studied in banana fruit for its role in enzymatic browning. Rapid discolouration of leaf, stem and root tissue after injury and strong pigmentation of tissue extracts indicate that PPO and phenolic compounds are ubiquitous in vegetative tissue of banana as well. They hamper biochemical and molecular studies in banana, as cumbersome adaptations of extraction protocols are required. On the other hand, PPO and phenolic compounds could be an important part of the plant's defence system against pests and diseases, including root parasitic nematodes. To facilitate future studies in this area, extraction and assay conditions for PPO from roots of banana (Musa acuminata AAA, Grande naine) were optimized. Highest enzyme activities were obtained in a 0.2 M phosphate buffer at pH 7.0 with 5% insoluble polyvinylpyrrolidone and 0.25% Triton X-100. The lowest K(m) values were obtained for dopamine and D-catechin. Monophenolase activity was shown with p-cresol. Banana root PPO was strongly inhibited by dithiothreitol and sodium metabisulfite. In root sections, oxidation of dopamine strongly co-localized with aerenchyma in the cortex. The experiments revealed indications for the involvement of root PPO and dopamine in resistance of banana against the parasitic nematode Radopholus similis.
authors.affiliation: Laboratory of Tropical Crop Improvement, Division of Crop Biotechnics, Catholic University of Leuven (K.U. Leuven), Kasteelpark Arenberg 13, 3001 Leuven, Belgium.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Wuyts
authors.forename: Dirk
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: De Waele
authors.forename: Rony
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Swennen
mesh_terms: D002392:Catechin / Q000378:metabolism; D003408:Cresols / Q000378:metabolism; D004298:Dopamine / Q000378:metabolism; D007527:Isoenzymes / Q000378:metabolism; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism*; D028521:Musa / Q000201:enzymology*; D010088:Oxidoreductases / Q000378:metabolism; D010940:Plant Proteins / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000378:metabolism; D018517:Plant Roots / Q000201:enzymology*; D013379:Substrate Specificity
chemical_list: D003408:Cresols; D007527:Isoenzymes; D010940:Plant Proteins; C032538:4-cresol; D002392:Catechin; D010088:Oxidoreductases; C412191:monophenolase; D014442:Monophenol Monooxygenase; D004298:Dopamine