title: Accumulation of p27(kip1) is associated with cyclin D3 overexpression in the oxyphilic (Hurthle cell) variant of follicular thyroid carcinoma.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The down regulation of protein p27(kip1) (p27) in most cases of thyroid cancer has relevant diagnostic and prognostic implications. However, the oxyphilic (Hurthle cell) variant of follicular thyroid carcinoma expresses more p27 than benign oxyphilic lesions do.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the mechanism underlying this difference in expression of p27.
  
  
  METHODS
  Because high levels of cyclin D3 lead to p27 accumulation in cell lines and clinical samples of thyroid cancer, the immunocytochemical pattern of cyclin D3 in oxyphilic (n = 47) and non-oxyphilic (n = 70) thyroid neoplasms was investigated.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In the whole study sample, there was a significant correlation between p27 and cyclin D3 expression (Spearman's r: 0.64; p<0.001). The expression of cyclin D3 and p27 was significantly higher in the oxyphilic variant of follicular carcinomas than in non-oxyphilic carcinomas (p<0.001). In the former, cyclin D3 overexpression and p27 accumulation were observed in a median of 75% and 55% of cells, respectively. In co-immunoprecipitation experiments, the level of p27-bound cyclin D3 was much higher in oxyphilic neoplasias than in normal thyroids and other thyroid tumours.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  These results show that increased p27 expression in the oxyphilic (Hurthle cell) variant of follicular thyroid carcinoma results from cyclin D3 overexpression.
authors.affiliation: Dipartimento di Scienze Biomorfologiche e Funzionali, Università di Napoli Federico II, Napoli, Italy. giancarlo.troncone@unina.it
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Troncone
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Iaccarino
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Russo
authors.forename: E A
authors.initials: EA
authors.lastname: Palmieri
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Volante
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Papotti
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Viglietto
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Palombini
mesh_terms: D018263:Adenocarcinoma, Follicular / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D000236:Adenoma / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D018249:Adenoma, Oxyphilic / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor / Q000378:metabolism*; D002291:Carcinoma, Papillary / Q000378:metabolism / Q000473:pathology; D056743:Cyclin D3; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27 / Q000378:metabolism*; D016213:Cyclins / Q000378:metabolism*; D006801:Humans; D047468:Immunoprecipitation; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D013964:Thyroid Neoplasms / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D014408:Biomarkers, Tumor; C534696:CCND3 protein, human; D056743:Cyclin D3; D016213:Cyclins; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; D050760:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase Inhibitor p27