title: [Etiology and prognostics factors of community-acquired pneumonia among adults patients admitted to a regional hospital in Chile].
abstract: BACKGROUND
  Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a common and serious illness in Chile.
  
  
  OBJECTIVE
  To evaluate the etiology, severity, prognostic factors and blood culture yield of CAP requiring hospitalization in Puerto Montt in Southern, Chile.
  
  
  METHODS
  All non immunocompromised adults with CAP admitted at Puerto Montt Hospital during one year, were prospectively studied. Clinical and radiological assessment was done in all patients. Blood and sputum cultures were obtained and serology for atypical agents was determined.
  
  
  RESULTS
  We studied 200 patients, aged 63+/-19 years (109 males). The prognostic factors associated with mortality were an age over 65 years, an altered mental status, shock and acute renal failure. Etiology was demonstrated in 29% of patients. The most frequent pathogens were Streptococcus pneumoniae (40.7%), Haemophilus influenzae (23.7%) and Chlamydia pneumoniae (16.9%). Mixed infections were found in 17%. Fifteen atypical pathogens were identified in 12 patients. Of these only two received a specific treatment but no one died and their length hospital stay was similar than in the rest of the patients. Overall, blood cultures were positive in 12.5% of patients, but among alcoholics, 58% were positive. In only one percent of cases, positive cultures motivated therapeutic changes among clinicians. Eight percent of S pneumoniae strains were penicillin resistant.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Atypical agents were a common cause of CAP in this group of patients, but their pathogenic role and treatment requirements are debatable. Focusing blood cultures on specific groups could improve their yield. The rate of Penicillin resistance for S pneumoniae was.
authors.affiliation: Servicio de Medicina Interna, Hospital de Puerto Montt, Chile. raul@telsur.cl
authors.forename: Raúl
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Riquelme O
authors.forename: Mauricio
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Riquelme O
authors.forename: María Luisa
authors.initials: ML
authors.lastname: Rioseco Z
authors.forename: Valeria
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Gómez M
authors.forename: Rodrigo
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Gil D
authors.forename: Antonio
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Torres M
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000367:Age Factors; D000368:Aged; D002677:Chile / Q000453:epidemiology; D017714:Community-Acquired Infections / Q000188:drug therapy / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D004812:Epidemiologic Methods; D005260:Female; D016905:Gram-Negative Bacterial Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology; D006760:Hospitalization / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010403:Penicillin Resistance; D010406:Penicillins / Q000627:therapeutic use; D011008:Pneumococcal Infections / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D018410:Pneumonia, Bacterial / Q000453:epidemiology / Q000382:microbiology*; D011379:Prognosis
chemical_list: D010406:Penicillins