title: Effect of vitamin A on the CD44 expression in the small intestine of rats with obstructive jaundice.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In this study, the influence of obstructive jaundice on the CD44 expression in the rat small intestine and the alterations of this CD44 expression by vitamin A given intraperitoneally (200 IU/g/day) are evaluated.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a prospective animal model study, 32 Sprague-Dawley rats were randomized into four groups: group A rats (n = 8) underwent sham operation and were given daily saline intraperitoneally for 2 weeks (sham + saline); group B animals (n = 8) underwent sham operation and were given daily vitamin A intraperitoneally for 2 weeks (sham + vitamin A); group C rats (n = 8) underwent common bile duct ligation and were given daily saline intraperitoneally for 2 weeks (obstructive jaundice + saline), and group D animals (n = 8) underwent common bile duct ligation and were given daily vitamin A intraperitoneally for 2 weeks (obstructive jaundice + vitamin A). After 2 weeks, standardized jejunum and ileum segments were harvested from all animals. The expression of CD44 on the cell surface was evaluated immunohistochemically. Comparisons among the four groups were done.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The plasma bilirubin, aspartate transaminase, alanine transaminase, alkaline phospatase, and gamma-glutamyltransferase levels in groups C and D (obstructive jaundice groups) were higher than those in groups A and B (sham groups; p < 0.05). There was no difference between groups A and B (sham groups) with regard to the number of cells expressing surface CD44 in jejunum and ileum. When groups A and B were compared with group C (obstructive jaundice + saline) animals, the number of cells expressing surface CD44 was significantly decreased in both jejunum and ileum in group C. The difference between sham groups (A and B) and group C was found to be significant (p < 0.05). When group D (obstructive jaundice + vitamin A) was compared with group C (obstructive jaundice + saline), the number of cells expressing surface CD44 was significantly increased in jejunum and ileum in group D animals (p < 0.05), higher than in the sham groups (A and B). The difference between group D and sham groups (A and B) was found to be significant (p < 0.05).
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Obstructive jaundice for 2 weeks significantly decreased the CD44 expression in the rat small intestine. We found that daily intraperitoneal administration of vitamin A in rats with obstructive jaundice for 2 weeks significantly restored the impaired CD44 expression.
authors.affiliation: Department of General Surgery, Fatih University School of Medicine, Ankara, Turkey. drmeralsen@yahoo.com
authors.forename: Meral
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Sen
authors.forename: Aydin
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Inan
authors.forename: Sibel
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Yenidunya
authors.forename: Metin
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Ergin
authors.forename: Cenap
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Dener
mesh_terms: D000410:Alanine Transaminase / Q000097:blood; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase / Q000097:blood; D000818:Animals; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases / Q000097:blood; D001663:Bilirubin / Q000097:blood; D005260:Female; D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors / Q000378:metabolism*; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D007274:Injections, Intraperitoneal; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000187:drug effects / Q000378:metabolism*; D041781:Jaundice, Obstructive / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D014801:Vitamin A / Q000494:pharmacology*; D014815:Vitamins / Q000494:pharmacology*; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D018960:Hyaluronan Receptors; D014815:Vitamins; D014801:Vitamin A; D005723:gamma-Glutamyltransferase; D001219:Aspartate Aminotransferases; D000410:Alanine Transaminase; D000469:Alkaline Phosphatase; D001663:Bilirubin