title: BAL1 and BBAP are regulated by a gamma interferon-responsive bidirectional promoter and are overexpressed in diffuse large B-cell lymphomas with a prominent inflammatory infiltrate.
abstract: BAL1 is a transcription modulator that is overexpressed in chemoresistant, diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCLs). BAL1 complexes with a recently described DELTEX family member termed BBAP. Herein, we characterized BAL1 and BBAP expression in primary DLBCL subtypes defined by their comprehensive transcriptional profiles. BAL1 and BBAP were most abundant in lymphomas with a brisk host inflammatory response, designated host response (HR) tumors. Although these DLBCLs include significant numbers of tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes and interdigitating dendritic cells, BAL1 and BBAP were expressed primarily by malignant B cells, prompting speculation that the genes might be induced by host-derived inflammatory mediators such as gamma interferon (IFN-gamma). In fact, IFN-gamma induced BAL1 and BBAP expression in DLBCL cell lines; doxycycline-induced BAL1 also increased the expression of multiple IFN-stimulated genes, directly implicating BAL1 in an IFN signaling pathway. We show that BAL1 and BBAP are located on chromosome 3q21 in a head-to-head orientation and are regulated by a IFN-gamma-responsive bidirectional promoter. BBAP regulates the subcellular localization of BAL1 by a dynamic shuttling mechanism, highlighting the functional requirement for coordinated BBAP and BAL1 expression. IFN-gamma-induced BAL1/BBAP expression contributes to the molecular signature of HR DLBCLs and highlights the interplay between the inflammatory infiltrate and malignant B cells in these tumors.
authors.affiliation: Dana-Farber Cancer Institute, 44 Binney St., Boston, MA 02115, USA. Margaret_Shipp@dfci.harvard.edu
authors.forename: Przemyslaw
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Juszczynski
authors.forename: Jeffery L
authors.initials: JL
authors.lastname: Kutok
authors.forename: Cheng
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Li
authors.forename: Joydeep
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Mitra
authors.forename: Ricardo C T
authors.initials: RC
authors.lastname: Aguiar
authors.forename: Margaret A
authors.initials: MA
authors.lastname: Shipp
mesh_terms: D001483:Base Sequence; D045744:Cell Line, Tumor; D002893:Chromosomes, Human, Pair 3 / Q000235:genetics; D015972:Gene Expression Regulation, Neoplastic / Q000187:drug effects; D006801:Humans; D007371:Interferon-gamma / Q000378:metabolism* / Q000494:pharmacology; D053614:Janus Kinase 2; D016393:Lymphoma, B-Cell / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D016403:Lymphoma, Large B-Cell, Diffuse / Q000235:genetics* / Q000276:immunology* / Q000473:pathology; D009154:Mutation; D009363:Neoplasm Proteins / Q000235:genetics*; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases / Q000378:metabolism; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins / Q000378:metabolism; D034622:RNA Interference; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering / Q000235:genetics; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D013347:Subcellular Fractions / Q000378:metabolism; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000235:genetics*
chemical_list: D009363:Neoplasm Proteins; C418133:PARP9 protein, human; D011518:Proto-Oncogene Proteins; D034741:RNA, Small Interfering; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D007371:Interferon-gamma; C475669:DTX3L protein, human; D044767:Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases; D011065:Poly(ADP-ribose) Polymerases; D011505:Protein-Tyrosine Kinases; C507924:JAK2 protein, human; D053614:Janus Kinase 2