title: Video capsule endoscopy and histology for small-bowel mucosa evaluation: a comparison performed by blinded observers.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  In view of the excellent quality of the images obtained and its magnification capability, videocapsule endoscopy was proposed as a promising tool to evaluate the degree of duodenal villous atrophy. We studied whether the capsule can discriminate different degrees of mucosal damage caused by different conditions; we also evaluated interobserver and intraobserver variability in the assessment of villous atrophy with the capsule.
  
  
  METHODS
  Thirty-two patients underwent both gastroscopy with multiple duodenal biopsies and videocapsule endoscopy. Twenty-six had different forms of celiac disease with different stages of villous atrophy; 5 patients had irritable bowel syndrome and 1 had Crohn's disease. Videocapsule findings were evaluated blindly by 3 observers. Histologic Marsh criteria and a specifically developed classification of videocapsule mucosal patterns were used to compare videocapsule findings and histology.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The study of the correlation between videocapsule and histologic findings showed a Kappa statistic of .45, .49, and .51 for observers 1, 2, and 3, respectively. The sensitivity was 90.5% for observer 1 and 95.2% for observers 2 and 3; the specificity was 63.6% for all observers.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Videocapsule findings regarding the degree of intestinal mucosal atrophy show only moderate agreement with the histologic pattern; they have a very high sensitivity but a disappointing specificity. This method therefore cannot be proposed as an alternative to traditional biopsy examinations, but it suggests that a duodenal biopsy examination should be performed when an atrophic mucosal pattern is observed in patients undergoing videocapsule examination for other reasons.
authors.affiliation: First Department of Internal Medicine, IRCCS Policlinico San Matteo, University of Pavia, Italy. f.biagi@smatteo.pv.it
authors.forename: Federico
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Biagi
authors.forename: Emanuele
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Rondonotti
authors.forename: Jonia
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Campanella
authors.forename: Federica
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Villa
authors.forename: Paola Ilaria
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Bianchi
authors.forename: Catherine
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Klersy
authors.forename: Roberto
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: De Franchis
authors.forename: Gino Roberto
authors.initials: GR
authors.lastname: Corazza
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D000368:Aged; D001284:Atrophy / Q000473:pathology; D001706:Biopsy; D004386:Duodenum / Q000473:pathology; D016099:Endoscopy, Gastrointestinal / Q000379:methods*; D005260:Female; D005773:Gastroscopy; D006801:Humans; D007413:Intestinal Mucosa / Q000473:pathology*; D007421:Intestine, Small / Q000473:pathology*; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D015588:Observer Variation; D011237:Predictive Value of Tests; D012680:Sensitivity and Specificity; D014741:Video Recording