Effect of EDTA root conditioning on the healing of intrabony defects treated with an enamel matrix protein derivative.
BACKGROUND
Regenerative periodontal therapy with an enamel matrix protein derivative (EMD) has been shown to promote regeneration in intrabony periodontal defects. However, in most clinical studies, root surface conditioning with EDTA was performed in conjunction with the application of EMD, and, therefore, it cannot be excluded that the results may also be attributable to the effect of the root conditioning procedure. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of root conditioning on the healing of intrabony defects treated with EMD.


METHODS
Twenty-four patients, each of whom exhibited one deep intrabony defect, were randomly treated with either open flap debridement (OFD) followed by root surface conditioning with EDTA and application of EMD (OFD+EDTA+EMD) or with OFD and application of EMD only (OFD+EMD). The following parameters were recorded at baseline and at 1 year: plaque index (PI), gingival index (GI), bleeding on probing (BOP), probing depth (PD), and clinical attachment level (CAL).


RESULTS
No differences in any of the investigated parameters were observed at baseline between the two groups. Healing was uneventful in all patients. At 1 year after therapy, the OFD+EDTA+EMD group showed a reduction in mean PD from 9.3+/-1.3 mm to 4.0+/-0.9 mm (P<0.001), and mean CAL changed from 10.8+/-2.2 mm to 7.1+/-2.8 mm (P<0.001). In the OFD+EMD group, mean PD was reduced from 9.3+/-1.2 mm to 4.2+/-0.9 mm (P<0.001), and a change in mean CAL from 11.0+/-1.7 mm to 7.3+/-1.6 mm (P<0.001). There were no significant differences in any of the investigated parameters between the two groups.


CONCLUSIONS
In intrabony defects, regenerative surgery including OFD+EDTA+EMD failed to show statistically significant differences in terms of PD reduction and CAL gain compared to treatment with OFD+EMD.
Sculean
Anton
A
Department of Periodontology, Radboud University Medical Center, Nijmegen, The Netherlands. a.sculean@dent.umcn.nl
Berakdar
Mohammad
M
Willershausen
Britta
B
Arweiler
Nicole B
NB
Becker
Jürgen
J
Schwarz
Frank
F
D000328:Adult; D016301:Alveolar Bone Loss / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000601:surgery; D001861:Bone Regeneration / Q000187:drug effects*; D002614:Chelating Agents / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D004311:Double-Blind Method; D004492:Edetic Acid / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D008297:Male; D019647:Oral Surgical Procedures / Q000379:methods; D010512:Periodontal Index; D011446:Prospective Studies; D014092:Tooth Root / Q000187:drug effects*
D002614:Chelating Agents; D003746:Dental Enamel Proteins; C109069:enamel matrix proteins; D004492:Edetic Acid