title: The L4 22-kilodalton protein plays a role in packaging of the adenovirus genome.
abstract: Packaging of the adenovirus (Ad) genome into a capsid is absolutely dependent upon the presence of a cis-acting region located at the left end of the genome referred to as the packaging domain. The functionally significant sequences within this domain consist of at least seven similar repeats, referred to as the A repeats, which have the consensus sequence 5' TTTG-N(8)-CG 3'. In vitro and in vivo binding studies have demonstrated that the adenovirus protein IVa2 binds to the CG motif of the packaging sequences. In conjunction with IVa2, another virus-specific protein binds to the TTTG motifs in vitro. The efficient formation of these protein-DNA complexes in vitro was precisely correlated with efficient packaging activity in vivo. We demonstrate that the binding activity to the TTTG packaging sequence motif is the product of the L4 22-kDa open reading frame. Previously, no function had been ascribed to this protein. Truncation of the L4 22-kDa protein in the context of the viral genome did not reduce viral gene expression or viral DNA replication but eliminated the production of infectious virus. We suggest that the L4 22-kDa protein, in conjunction with IVa2, plays a critical role in the recognition of the packaging domain of the Ad genome that leads to viral DNA encapsidation. The L4 22-kDa protein is also involved in recognition of transcription elements of the Ad major late promoter.
authors.affiliation: Department of Molecular Genetics and Microbiology, School of Medicine, Stony Brook University, NY 11794, USA.
authors.forename: Philomena
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Ostapchuk
authors.forename: Mary E
authors.initials: ME
authors.lastname: Anderson
authors.forename: Sharanya
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Chandrasekhar
authors.forename: Patrick
authors.initials: P
authors.lastname: Hearing
mesh_terms: D000256:Adenoviridae / Q000502:physiology*; D001483:Base Sequence; D002213:Capsid / Q000502:physiology; D016679:Genome, Viral / Q000502:physiology*; D006367:HeLa Cells; D006801:Humans; D016366:Open Reading Frames / Q000502:physiology*; D011401:Promoter Regions, Genetic / Q000502:physiology; D011485:Protein Binding; D012091:Repetitive Sequences, Nucleic Acid / Q000502:physiology; D017384:Sequence Deletion; D014764:Viral Proteins / Q000378:metabolism*; D019065:Virus Assembly / Q000502:physiology*
chemical_list: D014764:Viral Proteins; C056232:iva2 protein, adenovirus