Efficacy of continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) to detect postprandial hyperglycemia and unrecognized hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetic patients.
BACKGROUND
To evaluate the efficacy of continuous glucose monitoring system (CGMS) to detect postprandial hyperglycemia and unrecognized hypoglycemia in type 1 diabetes mellitus (DM1) patients.


METHODS
We studied 46 patients (43.4%M/56.6%F), average age of 25.9+/-12.8 years, submitted to 72 h CGMS. It were analyzed: capillary glycemia (CG) and CGMS sensor's value, glycemic excursions, postprandial hyperglycemia, asymptomatic hypoglycemia and therapeutic management after CGMS. Correlation coefficient during hypo and hyperglycemia and sensitivity/specificity were determined.


RESULTS
The mean capillary glucose values were 191.8+/-46.2mg/dl versus 190.9+/-42.1mg/dl by CGMS sensor, with no statistical difference by T-test (T=-0.6; p=0.79). The CGMS was significantly more efficient in detection of glycemic excursion than CG (p=0.001). The postprandial hyperglycemia was identified in 76.9% of diabetic patients and asymptomatic hypoglycemia was detected in 58.2% of these patients. The correlation coefficient presented no significance (p=0.16) during hypoglycemia versus during hyperglycemia (p=0.002). The CGMS sensor presented low sensitivity (79.1%) to detect hypoglycemia versus hyperglycemia (96.8%).


CONCLUSIONS
The CGMS showed to be a good method to identify postprandial hyperglycemia, to improve therapeutics management and confirmed the low sensitivity of CGMS to detect unrecognized hypoglycemia in DM1 patients.
Maia
Frederico F R
FF
Department of Physiology, Faculdade de Ciências Médicas de Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil. fredfrmhotmail.com
Araújo
Levimar R
LR
D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001786:Blood Glucose / Q000032:analysis* / Q000378:metabolism; D002648:Child; D003922:Diabetes Mellitus, Type 1 / Q000097:blood*; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D006943:Hyperglycemia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D007003:Hypoglycemia / Q000175:diagnosis*; D008297:Male; D018670:Monitoring, Ambulatory / Q000379:methods*; D019518:Postprandial Period
D001786:Blood Glucose