title: Assessing social differences in overweight among 15- to 16-year-old ethnic Norwegians from Oslo by register data and adolescent self-reported measures of socio-economic status.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine to what extent self-reported and objective data on socio-economic status (SES) are associated with overweight/obesity among 15 to 16-year-old ethnic Norwegians.
  
  
  METHODS
  A cross-sectional questionnaire study on health and health-related behaviors.
  
  
  METHODS
  All school children aged 15-16 years old in 2000 and 2001 in Oslo, Norway. Response rate 88% (n=7343). This article is based on the data from the 5498 ethnic Norwegians.
  
  
  METHODS
  Self-reported height and weight were used to measure overweight (including obesity) as defined by the International Obesity Task Force cutoffs at the nearest half-year intervals. SES was determined by register data from Statistics Norway on residential area, parental education and income and by adolescent self-reported measures on parental occupation and adolescents' educational plans.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The prevalence of overweight/obesity was low, but higher among boys (11%) than among girls (6%). Parental education (four levels) showed the clearest inverse gradients with overweight/obesity (boys: 18, 13, 10 and 7%; girls: 11, 6, 6 and 4%). Parental education remained significantly associated with overweight/obesity when adding occupation and income to the model for the boys, whereas there were no significant associations in the final model for the girls. Overweight/obesity was associated with a lower odds ratio of planning for higher education (college/university) among boys only.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  For the boys, parental education was most strongly associated with overweight/obesity, and the association between overweight/obesity and educational plans appears to imply downward social mobility. The relationships between the various SES measures and overweight/obesity appeared more interrelated for the girls.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutrition, University of Oslo, Blindern, Oslo, Norway. nanna.lien@medisin.uio.no
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Lien
authors.forename: B N
authors.initials: BN
authors.lastname: Kumar
authors.forename: G
authors.initials: G
authors.lastname: Holmboe-Ottesen
authors.forename: K-I
authors.initials: KI
authors.lastname: Klepp
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Wandel
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D001827:Body Height; D015992:Body Mass Index; D001835:Body Weight; D003430:Cross-Sectional Studies; D004522:Educational Status; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007182:Income; D008297:Male; D009664:Norway / Q000453:epidemiology; D009765:Obesity / Q000453:epidemiology*; D009790:Occupations; D010290:Parents; D015995:Prevalence; D017678:Sex Distribution; D012959:Socioeconomic Factors; D011795:Surveys and Questionnaires