title: Reusing ethyl acetate and aqueous exhausted fractions of dry olive mill residue by saprobe fungi.
abstract: Some saprobe fungi (Phlebia radiata, Trametes versicolor, Coriolopsis rigida, Pycnoporus cinnabarinus, Fomes sclerodermus or Pleurotus pulmonarius) were able to bioconvert the ethyl acetate fraction (DEAF) and the corresponding aqueous exhausted fraction (EAF) of dry olive mill residue (DOR), reducing their phytotoxicity on Lepidium sativum seeds. Large amount of hydroxytyrosol together with other eight monomeric phenols were found in the native DEAF fraction, which represents a good source of antioxidants. P. radiata, T. versicolor and F. sclerodermus caused an effective phytotoxicity reduction of EAF in the concentration range of 25-3 gl(-1). In particular, in the range between 12.5 and 3 gl(-1), the EAF samples inoculated with P. radiata and F. sclerodermus surprisingly stimulated the germinability of L. sativum, suggesting their use as a potential biofertilizer. This is the first report which showed the bioconversion of the above fractions in shorter time with respect to the previous findings concerning DOR. The possible implications of laccase in the decrease of DEAF and EAF phytotoxicity was also discussed.
authors.affiliation: Departamento Microbiología del Suelo y Sistemas Simbioticos, Estación Experimental del Zaidín, CSIC, 18008 Granada, Spain.
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Aranda
authors.forename: I
authors.initials: I
authors.lastname: García-Romera
authors.forename: J A
authors.initials: JA
authors.lastname: Ocampo
authors.forename: V
authors.initials: V
authors.lastname: Carbone
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Malorni
authors.forename: F
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: Sannino
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: De Martino
authors.forename: R
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Capasso
mesh_terms: D000085:Acetates / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D001487:Basidiomycota / Q000254:growth & development / Q000378:metabolism*; D001673:Biodegradation, Environmental; D002851:Chromatography, High Pressure Liquid; D018525:Germination / Q000187:drug effects; D007220:Industrial Waste / Q000032:analysis / Q000517:prevention & control*; D042845:Laccase / Q000378:metabolism; D031220:Lepidium sativum / Q000187:drug effects; D015394:Molecular Structure; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010636:Phenols / Q000378:metabolism; D010938:Plant Oils / Q000737:chemistry* / Q000378:metabolism; D012639:Seeds / Q000187:drug effects; D021241:Spectrometry, Mass, Electrospray Ionization; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical / Q000378:metabolism / Q000633:toxicity
chemical_list: D000085:Acetates; D007220:Industrial Waste; D000069463:Olive Oil; D010636:Phenols; D010938:Plant Oils; D014874:Water Pollutants, Chemical; C007650:ethyl acetate; D042845:Laccase