Antifeedant and toxicity effects of thiophenes from four Echinops species against the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus.
Over 220 crude extracts from repositories generated from plants native to Greece and Kazakhstan were evaluated for termiticidal activity against the Formosan subterranean termite, Coptotermes formosanus Shiraki (Isoptera: Rhinotermitidae). Emerging from this screening effort were bioactive extracts from two Greek species (Echinops ritro L. and Echinops spinosissimus Turra subsp. spinosissimus) and extracts from two Kazakhstan species (Echinops albicaulis Kar. & Kir. and Echinops transiliensis Golosh.). Fractionation and isolation of constituents from the most active extracts from each of the four species has been completed, resulting in the isolation of eight thiophenes possessing varying degrees of termiticidal activity. 2,2':5',2"-Terthiophene and 5'-(3-buten-1-ynyl)-2,2'-bithiophene demonstrated 100% mortality against C. formosanus within 9 days at 1 and 2 wt% concentrations respectively. In addition, all but two of the eight compounds tested were significantly different from the solvent controls in the filter paper consumption bioassay.
Fokialakis
Nikolas
N
Laboratory of Pharmacognosy and Natural Products Chemistry, School of Pharmacy, University of Athens, Athens 157 71, Greece.
Osbrink
Weste L A
WL
Mamonov
Leonid K
LK
Gemejieva
Nadejda G
NG
Mims
Amelia B
AB
Skaltsounis
Alexios L
AL
Lax
Alan R
AR
Cantrell
Charles L
CL
D000818:Animals; D031182:Echinops Plant / Q000737:chemistry*; D007306:Insecticides / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification; D020049:Isoptera; D010936:Plant Extracts / Q000737:chemistry; D013876:Thiophenes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000302:isolation & purification / Q000633:toxicity*
D007306:Insecticides; D010936:Plant Extracts; D013876:Thiophenes