title: Ectodomain shedding of preadipocyte factor 1 (Pref-1) by tumor necrosis factor alpha converting enzyme (TACE) and inhibition of adipocyte differentiation.
abstract: Preadipocyte factor 1 (Pref-1), an epidermal growth factor repeat containing transmembrane protein found in the preadipocytes, inhibits adipocyte differentiation in vitro and in vivo. Here, we examined the processing of membrane form of Pref-1A to release the 50-kDa soluble form that inhibits adipocyte differentiation. The ectodomain cleavage of Pref-1 is markedly enhanced by phorbol 12-myristate 13-acetate in a dose- and time-dependent manner. The basal and stimulated cleavage is inhibited by the broad metalloproteinase inhibitor GM6001, a fact that suggests that cleavage of membrane Pref-1A is dependent on a metalloproteinase. Next, we showed that release of soluble Pref-1A is inhibited by TAPI-0 and by a tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinase-3, TIMP-3, that can inhibit tumor necrosis factor alpha converting enzyme (TACE), but not by TIMP-1 or TIMP-2. On the other hand, overexpression of TACE increases Pref-1 cleavage to produce the 50-kDa soluble form. Furthermore, this cleavage was not detected in cells with TACE mutation or with TACE small interfering RNA. TACE-mediated shedding of Pref-1 ectodomain inhibits adipocyte differentiation of 3T3-L1 cells and in Pref-1-null mouse embryo fibroblasts transduced with Pref-1A. Identification of TACE as the major protease responsible for conversion of membrane-bound Pref-1 to the biologically active diffusible form provides a new insight into Pref-1 function in adipocyte differentiation.
authors.affiliation: Department of Nutritional Sciences and Toxicology, University of California, Berkeley, CA 94720, USA.
authors.forename: Yuhui
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Wang
authors.forename: Hei Sook
authors.initials: HS
authors.lastname: Sul
mesh_terms: D051722:ADAM Proteins / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D000072198:ADAM17 Protein; D017667:Adipocytes / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism*; D000595:Amino Acid Sequence; D000818:Animals; D001483:Base Sequence; D016466:CHO Cells; D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D006224:Cricetinae; D018076:DNA, Complementary / Q000235:genetics; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000172:deficiency / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D051379:Mice; D018345:Mice, Knockout; D008970:Molecular Weight; D009154:Mutation; D017434:Protein Structure, Tertiary; D011994:Recombinant Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D012097:Repressor Proteins / Q000737:chemistry / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D012995:Solubility; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate / Q000494:pharmacology
chemical_list: D002135:Calcium-Binding Proteins; D018076:DNA, Complementary; C512925:Dlk1 protein, mouse; D036341:Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins; D008565:Membrane Proteins; D011994:Recombinant Proteins; D012097:Repressor Proteins; D051722:ADAM Proteins; D000072198:ADAM17 Protein; C000606463:Adam17 protein, mouse; D013755:Tetradecanoylphorbol Acetate