title: How nonprofits matter in American medicine, and what to do about it.
abstract: Skeptics question nonprofit health care on the grounds that nonprofits fail to distinguish themselves from their for-profit counterparts and do not reliably provide community benefits commensurate with their tax subsidies. Drawing on the most recent and comprehensive evidence, we assess these charges, judging them to be either wrong or incomplete. Although conventional critiques are therefore unconvincing, there are nonetheless important challenges facing the nonprofit sector in American medicine. To address these, we propose reformulating ownership-related policies to define both the appropriate forms of community benefit and the appropriate mix of ownership in terms of local markets and communities.
authors.affiliation: Department of Epidemiology and Public Health, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, Connecticut, USA.
authors.forename: Mark
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Schlesinger
authors.forename: Bradford H
authors.initials: BH
authors.lastname: Gray
mesh_terms: D003159:Community-Institutional Relations; D006302:Health Services Research; D006777:Hospitals, Proprietary / Q000191:economics* / Q000458:organization & administration; D006788:Hospitals, Voluntary / Q000191:economics* / Q000458:organization & administration; D006801:Humans; D010067:Ownership / Q000145:classification*; D011050:Policy Making; D019464:Tax Exemption; D014481:United States