title: Outcome of liver transplantation for children with liver disease.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  The advent of liver transplantation has revolutionised the outcome of children with both acute liver failure and chronic end-stage liver disease. The aim of this study was to review the outcome of all paediatric liver transplants performed since the National Liver Transplant Programme began in 1990.
  
  
  METHODS
  A retrospective review of all paediatric liver transplants from 1990 to December 2004 was performed.
  
  
  RESULTS
  46 liver transplants were performed in 43 children, of whom 23 (53.3 percent) were female. Median age at transplant was 21 months (range 11 months to 14 years). The most common indication for liver transplant was biliary atresia (71.7 percent). Living-related transplants accounted for 63 percent (29). Re-transplant rate was 6.5 percent with allograft loss as a result of hepatic artery thrombosis (two) and hepatic vein thrombosis (one). Tacrolimus was the primary immunosuppressive agent used in 89 percent of patients, with a 19.6 percent incidence of acute allograft rejection within the first six months. There were nine deaths. They were related to portal vein thrombosis (three), chronic rejection (one), sepsis (two), post-transplant lymphoproliferative disease (two) and primary graft non-function (one). Overall actuarial one- and five-year survival rate was 85.7 percent and 81.8 percent, respectively.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Liver transplantation is an established form of intervention for end-stage liver disease and a variety of liver-related metabolic disease. Our results are comparable to those of well-established liver transplant centres.
authors.affiliation: Department of Paediatrics, Children's Medical Institute, National University Hospital, 5 Lower Kent Ridge Road, Singapore. paeawm@nus.edu.sg
authors.forename: M M
authors.initials: MM
authors.lastname: Aw
authors.forename: K B
authors.initials: KB
authors.lastname: Phua
authors.forename: B C
authors.initials: BC
authors.lastname: Ooi
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Da Costa
authors.forename: D L
authors.initials: DL
authors.lastname: Loh
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Mak
authors.forename: K C
authors.initials: KC
authors.lastname: Tan
authors.forename: J
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Isaac
authors.forename: K
authors.initials: K
authors.lastname: Prabhakaran
authors.forename: S H
authors.initials: SH
authors.lastname: Quak
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D002648:Child; D002675:Child, Preschool; D005260:Female; D006801:Humans; D007223:Infant; D008107:Liver Diseases / Q000601:surgery; D016031:Liver Transplantation / Q000009:adverse effects / Q000401:mortality* / Q000706:statistics & numerical data*; D019520:Living Donors / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D008297:Male; D012086:Reoperation / Q000706:statistics & numerical data; D012189:Retrospective Studies; D016019:Survival Analysis