title: Early shear bond strength of a one-step self-adhesive on orthodontic brackets.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  The purpose of this study was to determine whether a self-adhesive universal cement, RelyX Unicem (3M ESPE, Seefeld, Germany), can be used successfully to bond orthodontic brackets to enamel.
  
  
  METHODS
  Forty human molars were cleaned, mounted, and randomly divided into two groups: 20 orthodontic brackets were bonded to teeth using RelyX Unicem, and 20 brackets were bonded using the Transbond XT (3M Unitex, Monrovia, Calif) adhesive system. The teeth were debonded within 30 minutes after initial bonding using a universal testing machine. After debonding, the enamel surface was examined under 10x magnification to determine the amount of residual adhesive remaining on the tooth. Student's t-test was used to compare the shear bond strength (SBS) of the two groups, and the chi-square test was used to compare the Adhesive Remnant Index (ARI) scores for the two adhesive systems.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The mean SBS of the brackets bonded using the RelyX Unicem was 3.7 +/- 2.1 MPa and was significantly lower (t = 2.07, P = .048) than the SBS of the brackets bonded with the Transbond system (x = 5.97 +/- 4.2 MPa). The comparisons of the ARI scores between the two groups (chi(2) = 17.4) indicated that bracket failure mode was significantly different (P = .002) with more adhesive remaining on the teeth bonded with Transbond XT.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  The SBS of the self-adhesive universal cement needs to be increased for it to be successfully used for bonding orthodontic brackets.
authors.affiliation: Department of Orthodontics, College of Dentistry, University of Iowa, Iowa City, 52242, USA. sbishara@msn.com
authors.forename: Samir E
authors.initials: SE
authors.lastname: Bishara
authors.forename: Adam W
authors.initials: AW
authors.lastname: Ostby
authors.forename: Raed
authors.initials: R
authors.lastname: Ajlouni
authors.forename: John F
authors.initials: JF
authors.lastname: Laffoon
authors.forename: John J
authors.initials: JJ
authors.lastname: Warren
mesh_terms: D000268:Adhesiveness; D001840:Dental Bonding; D017005:Dental Debonding; D003743:Dental Enamel / Q000648:ultrastructure*; D003799:Dental Stress Analysis / Q000295:instrumentation; D006801:Humans; D008422:Materials Testing; D016910:Orthodontic Brackets; D019279:Resin Cements / Q000737:chemistry*; D033081:Shear Strength; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D013499:Surface Properties; D013997:Time Factors
chemical_list: C483701:Rely X Unicem; D019279:Resin Cements; C477790:Transbond XT