Potential use of pharmacological cyclin-dependent kinase inhibitors as anti-HIV therapeutics.
Cyclin-dependent kinases (CDKs) are key regulators of the cell cycle and RNA polymerase II transcription. Several pharmacological CDK inhibitors (PCIs) are currently in clinical trials as potential cancer therapeutics since CDK hyperactivation is detected in the majority of neoplasias. Within the last few years, the anti-viral effects of PCIs have also been observed against various viruses, including human immunodeficiency virus (HIV), herpes simplex virus, and murine leukemia virus. Through the inhibition of CDK2 and 9, the cellular co-factors for HIV-1 Tat transactivation, HIV-1 replication is blocked by two specific PCIs, CYC202 and flavopiridol, respectively. In this article, we will review the inhibitory mechanisms of flavopiridol and CYC202 and discuss their possible usage in AIDS treatment.
Pumfery
Anne
A
Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, George Washington University, Washington, DC 20037, USA.
de la Fuente
Cynthia
C
Berro
Reem
R
Nekhai
Sergei
S
Kashanchi
Fatah
F
Chao
Sheng-Hao
SH
D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2 / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors / Q000378:metabolism; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases / Q000037:antagonists & inhibitors* / Q000378:metabolism; D005419:Flavonoids / Q000494:pharmacology; D015967:Gene Expression Regulation, Viral / Q000187:drug effects; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000378:metabolism / Q000821:virology; D006801:Humans; D010880:Piperidines / Q000494:pharmacology; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors / Q000494:pharmacology / Q000627:therapeutic use*; D011687:Purines / Q000494:pharmacology; D000077546:Roscovitine; D014779:Virus Replication / Q000187:drug effects / Q000235:genetics
D005419:Flavonoids; D010880:Piperidines; D047428:Protein Kinase Inhibitors; D011687:Purines; D000077546:Roscovitine; C077990:alvocidib; D051357:Cyclin-Dependent Kinase 2; D018844:Cyclin-Dependent Kinases