title: Polyamines modulate nitric oxide production and COX-2 gene expression in response to mechanical loading in human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells.
abstract: For bone tissue engineering, it is important that mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) display a bone cell-like response to mechanical loading. We have shown earlier that this response includes increased nitric oxide (NO) production and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) gene expression, both of which are intimately involved in mechanical adaptation of bone. COX-2 gene expression is likely regulated by polyamines, which are organic cations implicated in cell proliferation and differentiation. This has led to the hypothesis that polyamines may play a role in the response of adipose tissue-derived MSCs (AT-MSCs) to mechanical loading. The aim of this study was to investigate whether genes involved in polyamine metabolism are regulated by mechanical loading and to study whether polyamines modulate mechanical loading-induced NO production and COX-2 gene expression in human AT-MSCs. Human AT-MSCs displayed a bone cell-like response to mechanical loading applied by pulsating fluid flow (PFF), as demonstrated by increased NO production and increased gene expression of COX-2. Furthermore, PFF increased gene expression of spermidine/spermine N (1)-acetyltransferase, which is involved in polyamine catabolism, suggesting that mechanical loading modulates polyamine levels. Finally, the polyamine spermine was shown to inhibit both PFF-induced NO production and COX-2 gene expression, suggesting that polyamines modulate the response of human AT-MSCs to mechanical loading. In conclusion, this is the first study implicating polyamines in the response of human AT-MSCs to mechanical loading, creating opportunities for the use of polyamines in tissue engineering approaches targeting skeletal defects.
authors.affiliation: Department of Oral Cell Biology, Academic Center of Dentistry Amsterdam, Universiteit van Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
authors.forename: Geuranne S
authors.initials: GS
authors.lastname: Tjabringa
authors.forename: Peter S
authors.initials: PS
authors.lastname: Vezeridis
authors.forename: Behrouz
authors.initials: B
authors.lastname: Zandieh-Doulabi
authors.forename: Marco N
authors.initials: MN
authors.lastname: Helder
authors.forename: Paul I J M
authors.initials: PI
authors.lastname: Wuisman
authors.forename: Jenneke
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Klein-Nulend
mesh_terms: D000123:Acetyltransferases / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism; D000273:Adipose Tissue / Q000166:cytology* / Q000378:metabolism; D000328:Adult; D001842:Bone and Bones / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism; D002454:Cell Differentiation / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D002470:Cell Survival / Q000235:genetics / Q000502:physiology; D002478:Cells, Cultured; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2 / Q000235:genetics / Q000378:metabolism*; D005260:Female; D015870:Gene Expression / Q000235:genetics; D006801:Humans; D059630:Mesenchymal Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000378:metabolism*; D008954:Models, Biological; D009569:Nitric Oxide / Q000096:biosynthesis*; D011073:Polyamines / Q000378:metabolism*; D020133:Reverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain Reaction / Q000379:methods; D013314:Stress, Mechanical; D023822:Tissue Engineering / Q000379:methods; D000099228:Diamine N-Acetyltransferase
chemical_list: D000123:Acetyltransferases; D051546:Cyclooxygenase 2; D009569:Nitric Oxide; D011073:Polyamines; D000099228:Diamine N-Acetyltransferase