title: Postexposure prophylaxis for HIV in children and adolescents after sexual assault: a prospective observational study in an urban medical center.
abstract: BACKGROUND
  We sought to evaluate the tolerability and feasibility of establishing an HIV postexposure prophylaxis (PEP) program at our hospital using the guidelines for children and adolescents after sexual assault.
  
  
  METHODS
  This study was a prospective, nonrandomized observational study conducted from March 1999 until September 2002. Subjects (age <19 years) who presented to a pediatric emergency room within 72 hours of a sexual assault were eligible for enrollment. A 28-day PEP regimen of zidovudine and lamivudine was given.
  
  
  RESULTS
  In all, 70 adolescents were evaluated and 33 (31 females and 2 males) were enrolled. The mean age of enrolled subjects was 15 years, 61% were Hispanic, 30% black, and 79% presented to the emergency room within 24 hours of assault. Vaginal exposure was the most common site of penetration (64% [21 of 33]), but 18% (6 of 33) reported anal penetration. Only 9 subjects (27%) took >or=90% of all the medications. All subjects who returned for follow up tested HIV-negative. Adverse events occurred in 48% (16 of 33) of subjects; the most common events were abdominal pain, nausea, or vomiting.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Poor adherence to medications and visits is a significant problem in PEP programs for sexually assaulted children and adolescents.
authors.affiliation: Columbia University, New York, NY 10032, USA. nn45@columbia.edu
authors.forename: Natalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Neu
authors.forename: Susan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Heffernan-Vacca
authors.forename: Mari
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Millery
authors.forename: Mindy
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Stimell
authors.forename: Jocelyn
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Brown
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D019380:Anti-HIV Agents / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D002648:Child; D004338:Drug Combinations; D005260:Female; D006678:HIV / Q000254:growth & development*; D015658:HIV Infections / Q000517:prevention & control*; D006801:Humans; D019259:Lamivudine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D009519:New York City; D010349:Patient Compliance; D011446:Prospective Studies; D012044:Regression Analysis; D012742:Sex Offenses; D015215:Zidovudine / Q000008:administration & dosage* / Q000009:adverse effects
chemical_list: D019380:Anti-HIV Agents; D004338:Drug Combinations; C109078:lamivudine, zidovudine drug combination; D019259:Lamivudine; D015215:Zidovudine