title: Differentiation of human umbilical cord blood stem cells into hepatocytes in vivo and in vitro.
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To study the condition and potentiality of human umbilical cord blood stem cells (HUCBSC) to differentiate into hepatocytes in vivo or in vitro.
  
  
  METHODS
  In a cell culture study of human umbilical cord blood stem cell (HUCBSC) differentiation, human umbilical cord blood mononuclear cells (HUCBMNC) were separated by density gradient centrifugation. Fibroblast growth factor (FGF) and hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and the supernatant of fetal liver were added in the inducing groups. Only FGF was added in the control group. The expansion and differentiation of HUCBMNC in each group were observed. Human alpha fetoprotein (AFP) and albumin (ALB) were detected by immunohistochemistry. In the animal experiments, the survival SD rats with acute hepatic injury after carbon tetrachloride (CCL4) injection 48 h were randomly divided into three groups. The rats in group A were treated with human umbilical cord blood serum. The rats in group B were treated with HUCBMNC transplantation. The rats in group C were treated with HUCBMNC transplantation followed by intraperitoneal cyclophosphamide for 7 d. The rats were killed at different time points after the treatment and the liver tissue was histopathologically studied and human AFP and ALB detected by immunohistochemistry. The human X inactive-specific transcript gene fragment in the liver tissue was amplified by PCR to find human DNA.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The results of cell culture showed that adherent cells were stained negative for AFP or ALB in control group. However, the adherent cells in the inducing groups stained positive for AFP or ALB. The result of animal experiment showed that no human AFP or ALB positive cells present in the liver tissue of group A (control group). However, many human AFP or ALB positive cells were scattered around sinus hepaticus and the central veins of hepatic lobules and in the portal area in group B and group C after one month. The fragment of human X chromagene could be detected in the liver tissue of groups B and C, but not in group A.
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Under certain conditions HUCBSC can differentiate into liver cells in vivo and in vitro.
authors.affiliation: Research Center of Liver Diseases, the Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410011, Hunan Province, China. xiaopeng1959@163.com
authors.forename: Xiao-Peng
authors.initials: XP
authors.lastname: Tang
authors.forename: Min
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Zhang
authors.forename: Xu
authors.initials: X
authors.lastname: Yang
authors.forename: Li-Min
authors.initials: LM
authors.lastname: Chen
authors.forename: Yang
authors.initials: Y
authors.lastname: Zeng
mesh_terms: D000418:Albumins / Q000378:metabolism; D000818:Animals; D000925:Anticoagulants / Q000494:pharmacology; D002454:Cell Differentiation; D036101:Cord Blood Stem Cell Transplantation; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor / Q000494:pharmacology; D022781:Hepatocytes / Q000166:cytology*; D006801:Humans; D007150:Immunohistochemistry; D008110:Liver Extracts / Q000494:pharmacology; D051381:Rats; D017207:Rats, Sprague-Dawley; D013234:Stem Cells / Q000166:cytology / Q000187:drug effects / Q000502:physiology*; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins / Q000378:metabolism
chemical_list: D000418:Albumins; D000925:Anticoagulants; D008110:Liver Extracts; D000509:alpha-Fetoproteins; D017228:Hepatocyte Growth Factor