title: Dendritic cell derived-exosomes: biology and clinical implementations.
abstract: Exosomes are nanometer-sized membrane vesicles invaginating from multivesicular bodies and secreted from different cell types. They represent an "in vitro" discovery, but vesicles with the hallmarks of exosomes are present in vivo in germinal centers and biological fluids. Their protein and lipid composition is unique and could account for their expanding functions such as eradication of obsolete proteins, antigen presentation, or "Trojan horses" for viruses or prions. The potential of dendritic cell-derived exosomes (Dex) as cell-free cancer vaccines is addressed in this review. Lessons learned from the pioneering clinical trials allowed reassessment of the priming capacities of Dex in preclinical models, optimizing clinical protocols, and delineating novel, biological features of Dex in cancer patients.
authors.affiliation: ERM0208 Institut National de la Santé Et de la Recherche Médicale, Faculté de Médecine Paris Sud-Université, Paris XI, France.
authors.forename: Nathalie
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Chaput
authors.forename: Caroline
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Flament
authors.forename: Sophie
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Viaud
authors.forename: Julien
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Taieb
authors.forename: Stephan
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Roux
authors.forename: Alain
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Spatz
authors.forename: Fabrice
authors.initials: F
authors.lastname: André
authors.forename: Jean-Bernard
authors.initials: JB
authors.lastname: LePecq
authors.forename: Muriel
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Boussac
authors.forename: Jérôme
authors.initials: J
authors.lastname: Garin
authors.forename: Sebastian
authors.initials: S
authors.lastname: Amigorena
authors.forename: Clotilde
authors.initials: C
authors.lastname: Théry
authors.forename: Laurence
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Zitvogel
mesh_terms: D000818:Animals; D019496:Cancer Vaccines / Q000276:immunology* / Q000627:therapeutic use; D017321:Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic; D003713:Dendritic Cells / Q000276:immunology / Q000378:metabolism; D011992:Endosomes / Q000737:chemistry / Q000276:immunology* / Q000378:metabolism; D006801:Humans; D007167:Immunotherapy / Q000379:methods; D009369:Neoplasms / Q000188:drug therapy* / Q000276:immunology / Q000473:pathology
chemical_list: D019496:Cancer Vaccines