title: Sarcoidosis-related hypercalcemia in 3 chronic hemodialysis patients.
abstract: Hypercalcemia is a frequent complication in chronic hemodialysis (CHD) patients. A rare cause of this condition is sarcoidosis, and has only been reported 6 times in CHD. Herein, we report on 3 cases of sarcoidosis-related hypercalcemia in CHD patients: an overt case, a probable case, and a recurrence of pre-dialysis sarcoidosis. Hypercalcemia is a frequent complication in chronic hemodialysis patients: it is often related to uncontrollable secondary hyperparathyroidism or to the inappropriate use of calcium phosphate binders, 1alpha-hydroxylated vitamin D metabolites, high dialysate calcium concentrations, or to aluminium-related bone disease [Uach and Bover 1996]. However, other rare causes should also be considered, such as multiple myeloma, non-Hodgkin lymphoma [Uach and Bover 1996], vitamin A intoxication [Fishbane et al. 1995], or granulomatous diseases such as sarcoidosis. The latter has only been described in a total of 6 hemodialysis patient reports [Barbour et al. 1981, Barnard et al. 2002, Herrero et al. 1998, Kalantar-Zadeh et al. 1994, Kuwae et al. 2003, Naito et al. 1999]. In the present paper, we report on 3 cases of sarcoidosis-related hypercalcemia in chronic hemodialysis patients with 3 different patterns, i.e. overt sarcoidosis, probable sarcoidosis, and recurrence of pre-dialysis sarcoidosis.
authors.affiliation: Nephrology, Hemodialysis and Multi-Organ Transplantation Department, CHU Rangueil, Toulouse Cédex, France.
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Huart
authors.forename: N
authors.initials: N
authors.lastname: Kamar
authors.forename: J M
authors.initials: JM
authors.lastname: Lanau
authors.forename: A
authors.initials: A
authors.lastname: Dahmani
authors.forename: D
authors.initials: D
authors.lastname: Durand
authors.forename: L
authors.initials: L
authors.lastname: Rostaing
mesh_terms: D002117:Calcitriol / Q000097:blood; D002118:Calcium / Q000097:blood; D015433:Glomerulonephritis, Membranous / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D006801:Humans; D006934:Hypercalcemia / Q000175:diagnosis* / Q000209:etiology*; D007676:Kidney Failure, Chronic / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D010281:Parathyroid Hormone / Q000097:blood; D007690:Polycystic Kidney Diseases / Q000150:complications / Q000628:therapy; D006435:Renal Dialysis / Q000009:adverse effects*; D012507:Sarcoidosis / Q000150:complications* / Q000175:diagnosis*; D014511:Uremia / Q000097:blood
chemical_list: D010281:Parathyroid Hormone; D002117:Calcitriol; D002118:Calcium