title: Do French lay people and health professionals find it acceptable to breach confidentiality to protect a patient's wife from a sexually transmitted disease?
abstract: OBJECTIVE
  To determine under what conditions lay people and health professionals find it acceptable for a physician to breach confidentiality to protect the wife of a patient with a sexually transmitted disease (STD).
  
  
  METHODS
  In a study in France, breaching confidentiality in 48 scenarios were accepted by 144 lay people, 10 psychologists and 7 physicians. The scenarios were all possible combinations of five factors: severity of the disease (severe, lethal); time taken to discuss this with (little time, much time); intent to inform the spouse about the disease (none, one of these days, immediately); intent to adopt protective behaviours (no intent, intent); and decision to consult an expert in STDs (yes, no), 2 x 2 x 3 x 2 x 2. The importance and interactions of each factor were determined, at the group level, by performing analyses of variance and constructing graphs.
  
  
  RESULTS
  The concept of breaching confidentiality to protect a wife from her husband's STD was favoured much more by lay people and psychologists than by physicians (mean ratings 11.76, 9.28 and 2.90, respectively, on a scale of 0-22). The patient's stated intentions to protect his wife and to inform her of the disease had the greatest impact on acceptability. A cluster analysis showed groups of lay participants who found breaching confidentiality "always acceptable" (n = 14), "depending on the many circumstances" (n = 87), requiring "consultation with an expert" (n = 30) and "never acceptable (n = 13)".
  
  
  CONCLUSIONS
  Most people in France are influenced by situational factors when deciding if a physician should breach confidentiality to protect the spouse of a patient infected with STD.
authors.affiliation: Latham Med-Ped, 724 Watervliet-Shaker Road, Latham, NY 12110, USA.
authors.forename: M
authors.initials: M
authors.lastname: Guedj
authors.forename: M T Muñoz
authors.initials: MT
authors.lastname: Sastre
authors.forename: E
authors.initials: E
authors.lastname: Mullet
authors.forename: P C
authors.initials: PC
authors.lastname: Sorum
mesh_terms: D000293:Adolescent; D000328:Adult; D001291:Attitude of Health Personnel; D001294:Attitude to Health; D016000:Cluster Analysis; D003219:Confidentiality; D005260:Female; D005602:France; D006801:Humans; D033182:Intention; D007398:Interpersonal Relations; D008297:Male; D008875:Middle Aged; D012720:Severity of Illness Index; D012725:Sexual Behavior; D012749:Sexually Transmitted Diseases / Q000523:psychology* / Q000635:transmission; D018454:Spouses; D013997:Time Factors